title: Cognitive functions in euthymic state of bipolar disorder: an Indian study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has recently been observed that some cognitive deficits in bipolar disorders persist even after the subsidence of active symptoms. The authors aim to study the cognitive functioning of patients with bipolar disorder, currently in euthymia and compare them with normal healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients having bipolar-I disorder and currently in euthymia were compared with fifteen age- and education-matched controlled subjects. Cognitive assessments were done using three computer-based tests, i.e., Wisconsin's Card Sorting Test (WCST), Spatial Working Memory Test (SWMT), and Continuous Performance Test (CPT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Euthymic bipolar patients showed significant deficits in executive functions. Subtle deficits were present in attention and working memory that were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Executive deficits may be trait markers in bipolar disorder and may have clinical implications in patient rehabilitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India. jktrivedi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dhyani
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Anand Pratap
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Rajul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tandon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D019263:Dysthymic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires