title: [F-18]-Fluorodeoxyglucose PET and PET-CT in diagnostic imaging evaluation of locally recurrent and metastatic bladder transitional cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little data is available on the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) with [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in patients with bladder cancer. We retrospectively assessed the diagnostic utility of dedicated PET and hybrid PET-CT scans with [F-18]-FDG in the imaging evaluation of recurrent and metastatic bladder transitional cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group included 35 patients who were previously treated for the primary disease. We performed PET in 17 patients and 23 PET-CT scans in 18 patients. Diagnostic validation was by biopsy in 1 patient and clinical and radiological follow-up for up to 5 years in the remaining patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PET and CT were true negative (TN) in 12 patients and true positive (TP) in 19 patients. In 4 patients in this group, both locally recurrent pelvic mass and distant metastases were demonstrated, while in 3 of these patients, unsuspected skeletal and/or nodal metastases were detected by PET-CT and these patients received additional courses of chemotherapy. PET was discordant with CT in 4 patients. PET was negative in 2 of these patients, while post-chemotherapy CT showed enlarged nodes that were determined to represent successfully treated disease. In another patient, a hypometabolic soft-tissue mass was considered to represent a scar, and a wait-and-watch strategy was pursued. In the remaining patient, PET showed random hypermetabolic osseous lesions that represented early marrow metastatic infiltration. The combined diagnostic information provided by PET-CT affected the clinical management in 17% of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDG PET and PET-CT scanning may improve the imaging evaluation of patients with recurrent and metastatic bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA. jadvar@usc.edu
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jadvar
authors.forename: Vicki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Conti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18