title: A randomized clinical trial of an activity and exercise adherence intervention in chronic pulmonary disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise adherence intervention to maintain daily activity, adherence to exercise, and exercise capacity over 1 year after completion of an outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-group, experimental design was used with randomization into intervention and usual care groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program in a university-affiliated medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred six subjects (98 men; 98 with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) with a mean age of 67 years and chronic lung disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve-week adherence intervention (weekly phone calls and home visit) including counseling on establishing, monitoring, and problem-solving in maintaining a home exercise program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary outcomes included daily activity (accelerometer), exercise adherence (exercise diary), and exercise capacity (six-minute walk test). All measures were performed at baseline, after the pulmonary rehabilitation program (8 wk), after the adherence intervention (20 wk), and at 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A rank-based analysis of covariance showed less decline at 20 weeks in exercise adherence (intervention mean, +3 min; control mean, -13 min; P=.015) and exercise capacity (intervention mean, -10.7 m; control mean, -35.4 m; P=.023). There were no differences in daily activity at 20 weeks or any differences in any primary variable at 1 year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intervention enhanced exercise adherence and exercise capacity in the short term but produced no long-term benefit. These findings are in part attributed to the disappointing measurement characteristics of the accelerometer used to measure daily activity. The intervention was acceptable to participants. Further study is needed to fashion interventions that have more persistent benefit.
authors.affiliation: Primary Care and Specialty Medicine Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA. bonnie.steele@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Bonnie G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: Basia
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Belza
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coppersmith
authors.forename: Sambasiva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lakshminarayan
authors.forename: JoEllen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Jodie K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Haselkorn
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011336:Probability; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D011788:Quality of Life; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012138:Respiratory Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome