title: Connective tissue metabolism in chikungunya patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chikungunya (CHIK) fever is a viral disease transmitted to humans by the bite of Chikungunya virus (CHIK virus) infected Aedes mosquitoes. CHIK virus is a member of the Alphavirus genus of the family Togaviridae. Previous reports have indicated that infection with CHIK virus produces an acute arthritis in human hosts by large area of necrosis and collagenosis or fibrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We carried out the present study to determine the effect of chikungunya on the collagen and connective tissue metabolism in 75 chikungunya-affected people. First, we screened for mucopolysaccharides in urine by Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) test. Appearance of heavy precipitate indicates the presence of higher levels of mucopolysaccharides and later quantified by DMB dye method. The urinary mucopolysaccharide in CHIK patients was 342 +/- 45 mg/l compared to healthy controls (45 +/- 5.6 mg/l). The collagen building blocks, proline and hydroxyproline were also measured in CHIK patients and observed higher excretion compared to healthy controls. Urinary excretions hydroxyproline was greater than the proline levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that CHIK virus infection affects and damage the cartilage and connective metabolism and releases the degraded products from the tissue and responsible for increasing the levels of proline, hydroxyproline and mucopolysaccharides in CHIK affected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur, India. l_suda2003@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Sudarsanareddy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lokireddy
authors.forename: Sarojamma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vemula
authors.forename: Ramakrishna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vadde
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018354:Alphavirus Infections / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology*; D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D002646:Chikungunya virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011392:Proline / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D003094:Collagen; D011392:Proline; D006909:Hydroxyproline