title: [Transvaginal cholecystectomy (NOTES) combined with minilaparoscopy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report on the first transvaginal cholecystectomy performed on a human being in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 35-year-old female with a history of recurrent bouts of biliary pain resulting from gallstones. A surgical procedure was performed by a multidisciplinary team composed of surgeons, gastroenterologists, and gynecologists. It involved creating a pneumoperitoneum by placing a Veres needle in the umbilical fundus, followed by the insertion of a 5-mm trocar. A second 3-mm trocar was placed in the right upper quadrant. A colpotomy was performed, and a 12-mm trocar placed inside the vagina allowed the insertion of a videogastroscope as far as the hilum of the liver.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cholecystectomy was performed by using a combination of working tools inserted through the entry port for the minilaparoscopy and the videogastroscope. The gallbladder was removed transvaginally through the videogastroscope. There were no postoperative complications, and the patient was discharged within 24 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transvaginal cholecystectomy is possible and safe when performed by a multidisciplinary team working together. Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) is an emerging modality that seeks to be less invasive, better tolerated, and more respectful of esthetics than laparoscopic surgery. It will probably open the way for very important medical and technological innovations over the coming years.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca. coldzaba@hsll.es
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dolz
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Noguera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vilella
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuadrado
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D014621:Vagina