title: Central oxyntomodulin causes anorexigenic effects associated with the hypothalamus and alimentary canal in chicks (Gallus gallus).
abstract: Several peptides that are derived from proglucagon including glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and oxyntomodulin (OXM) cause satiety in mammals. Glucagon and GLP-1 also cause satiety in the avian, but the effects of OXM on avian appetite-related processes are not reported. Thus, this study was conducted to elucidate whether OXM induces satiety in chicks and to determine its mechanism of induction. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) OXM, in a linear-dose dependent manner, potently decreased feed and water intake. However, we found that the effect on water intake was secondary to a reduction in feed intake. Chicks treated with ICV OXM had decreased c-Fos immunoreactivity in the regio lateralis hypothalami, but the nucleus infundibuli hypothalami (homologue to the mammalian arcuate nucleus) had increased c-Fos immunoreactivity. ICV OXM also caused total alimentary canal transit time to be decreased. We conclude that changes in the hypothalamus and gut may contribute to anorexigenic effects after ICV OXM in chicks. Through divergent evolution of birds and mammals, the central anorexigenic effects of OXM may have been conserved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology (6931), Radford University, Radford, Virginia, 24142, USA. mcline@radford.edu
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cline
authors.forename: Christie N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Bowden
authors.forename: Wint
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nandar
authors.forename: J Orion
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000855:Anorexia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D004064:Digestive System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D007267:Injections; D053772:Oxyntomodulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001067:Appetite Depressants; D053772:Oxyntomodulin; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos