Innate immune response in insects: recognition of bacterial peptidoglycan and amplification of its recognition signal.
The major cell wall components of bacteria are lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, and teichoic acid. These molecules are known to trigger strong innate immune responses in the host. The molecular mechanisms by which the host recognizes the peptidoglycan of Gram-positive bacteria and amplifies this peptidoglycan recognition signals to mount an immune response remain largely unclear. Recent, elegant genetic and biochemical studies are revealing details of the molecular recognition mechanism and the signalling pathways triggered by bacterial peptidoglycan. Here we review recent progress in elucidating the molecular details of peptidoglycan recognition and its signalling pathways in insects. We also attempt to evaluate the importance of this issue for understanding innate immunity.
Kim
Chan-Hee
CH
National Research Laboratory of Defense Proteins, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
Park
Ji-Won
JW
Ha
Nam-Chul
NC
Kang
Hee Jung
HJ
Lee
Bok Luel
BL
D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D007107:Immune System / Q000502:physiology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007313:Insecta / Q000276:immunology*; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D010457:Peptidoglycan