title: Impact of metabolic syndrome on the long-term survival of patients with acute myocardial infarction: potential association with C-reactive protein.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Population-based cohort studies demonstrate that metabolic syndrome (MeS) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and related mortalities. The present study was designed to investigate the prognostic impact of MeS in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study group was 461 AMI patients without a history of previous myocardial infarction. On the basis of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, MeS was defined having at least 3 of the following 5 conditions: dysglycemia (impaired fasting glucose, current use of insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs), hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level, hypertension and obesity. The prevalence of MeS was 37% (n=172). C-reactive protein (CRP) levels increased with the increase in the number of conditions of MeS. During follow-up at a median of 17.6 months, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was significantly different between patients with and without MeS. Furthermore, after adjustment of predictive factors (age, sex, Killip class, multivessel coronary artery disease, low ejection fraction and high CRP level), MeS was an independent risk factor for MACE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with AMI, MeS is associated with systemic inflammation and is an important predictor for MACE, which suggests the need for early identification and medical intervention for secondary prevention of MeS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Course of Medical and Dental Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeno
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Yoritaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morii
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Katsusuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein