title: Comparison of gene expression profiles predicting progression in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Molecular signatures that predict outcome in tamoxifen treated breast cancer patients have been identified. For the first time, we compared these response profiles in an independent cohort of (neo)adjuvant systemic treatment naïve breast cancer patients treated with first-line tamoxifen for metastatic disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  From a consecutive series of 246 estrogen receptor (ER) positive primary tumors, gene expression profiling was performed on available frozen tumors using 44K oligoarrays (n = 69). A 78-gene tamoxifen response profile (formerly consisting of 81 cDNA-clones), a 21-gene set (microarray-based Recurrence Score), as well as the HOXB13-IL17BR ratio (Two-Gene-Index, RT-PCR) were analyzed. Performance of signatures in relation to time to progression (TTP) was compared with standard immunohistochemical (IHC) markers: ER, progesterone receptor (PgR) and HER2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analyses, the 78-gene tamoxifen response profile, 21-gene set and HOXB13-IL17BR ratio were all significantly associated with TTP with hazard ratios of 2.2 (95% CI 1.3-3.7, P = 0.005), 2.3 (95% CI 1.3-4.0, P = 0.003) and 4.2 (95% CI 1.4-12.3, P = 0.009), respectively. The concordance among the three classifiers was relatively low, they classified only 45-61% of patients in the same category. In multivariate analyses, the association remained significant for the 78-gene profile and the 21-gene set after adjusting for ER and PgR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 78-gene tamoxifen response profile, the 21-gene set and the HOXB13-IL17BR ratio were all significantly associated with TTP in an independent patient series treated with tamoxifen. The addition of multigene assays to ER (IHC) improves the prediction of outcome in tamoxifen treated patients and deserves incorporation in future clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marleen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: Sabine C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Linn
authors.forename: Ryan K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Van Laar
authors.forename: Maurice P H M
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Teun M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: Leonie J M J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Delahaye
authors.forename: Annuska M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Glas
authors.forename: Johannes L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Peterse
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hauptmann
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Foekens
authors.forename: Jan G M
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Klijn
authors.forename: Lodewyk F A
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Wessels
authors.forename: Laura J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Van't Veer
authors.forename: Els M J J
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Berns
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004967:Estrogens; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D004967:Estrogens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D013629:Tamoxifen