A phase II clinical trial of vinorelbine in dogs with cutaneous mast cell tumors.
BACKGROUND
Few effective drugs are available to treat dogs with locally aggressive or metastatic mast cell disease.


OBJECTIVE
Vinorelbine, a semisynthetic derivative of vinblastine, is an effective drug for the treatment of canine mast cell tumors (MCT).


METHODS
Twenty-four dogs with cutaneous MCT.


METHODS
Dogs with at least 1 measurable, cytologically confirmed, and previously untreated cutaneous MCT received a single treatment with vinorelbine at the previously established dosage of 15 mg/m2 IV. Tumor measurements and CBC were evaluated before and 7 days after treatment. Adverse events were graded according to Veterinary Cooperative Oncology Group (VCOG) guidelines.


METHODS
Data were accrued in accordance with a Simon's 2-stage design with a noninteresting response rate of .05, a target response of .25, and alpha and beta values of .10.


RESULTS
Three of 24 dogs (13%) had a response to treatment, including 1 measurable complete response and 1 measurable partial response. The 3rd dog had microscopic complete response to treatment with stable measurable disease. Twenty other dogs (83%) had stable disease and 1 dog (4%) had progressive disease. Neutropenia occurred in 13 dogs (54%) (grade 1, n = 4; grade 3, n = 6; grade 4, n = 3). Gastrointestinal toxicity occurred in 11 dogs (46%) (anorexia: grade 1, n = 3; grade 2, n = 1; grade 3, n = 1; diarrhea: grade 1, n = 2; grade 3, n = 1; vomiting: grade 1, n = 5; grade 3, n = 1).


CONCLUSIONS
Vinorelbine was associated with an overall response rate of 13% and a high prevalence of neutropenia. Additional studies are indicated to determine if repeated dosing of vinorelbine or combination of vinorelbine with other drugs increases the observed biologic activity against canine MCT.
Grant
I A
IA
Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
Rodriguez
C O
CO
Kent
M S
MS
Sfilgoi
G
G
Gordon
I
I
Davis
G
G
Lord
L
L
London
C A
CA
D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D012515:Mast-Cell Sarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077235:Vinorelbine
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D014747:Vinblastine; D000077235:Vinorelbine