title: Laparoscopic extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair versus open mesh repair: long-term follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have conducted a randomized controlled trial of totally extraperitoneal hernia repair (TEP) versus tension-free open repair (Lichtenstein repair); we have presented the results previously up to 1 year after the operation. The aim of this study was to compare patient outcome in both groups at a median follow-up of 7.3 years after operation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 168 patients included in a prospective, randomized controlled trial designed to compare TEP with an open tension-free technique, 154 patients (92%) answered a questionnaire and 147 patients (88%) were followed up at an outpatient clinic after a minimum of 6 years after operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 89% of patients in the TEP group and 95% of patients in the open group reported complete long-term recovery (P = .23). Permanent impaired inguinal sensibility was more common in the open group (P = .004), whereas the proportion of patients with reported testicular pain was higher in the TEP group (P = .003). Three recurrences were found in the TEP group, and 4 recurrences were found in the open group (P = .99). Four patients in the TEP group underwent operations for complications related to the hernia repair (small bowel obstruction, umbilical hernia, testicular pain, and neuralgia).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, both groups showed good long-term results with low rates of recurrences. However, the TEP group was associated with a higher proportion of patients with long-term testicular pain, whereas impaired inguinal sensibility was more common in the open group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hallén
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergenfelz
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Westerdahl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires