title: Role of TNF-alpha in ileum tight junction alteration in mouse model of restraint stress.
abstract: Restraint stress induces permeability changes in the small intestine, but little is known about the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the defects of the TJ function. In the present study, we used tumor necrosis factor-R1 knockout mice (TNF-alpha-R1KO) to understand the roles of TNF-alpha on ileum altered permeability function in models of immobilization stress. The genetic TNF-alpha inhibition significantly reduced the degree of 1) TNF-alpha production in ileum tissues; 2) the alteration of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin-2, claudin-4, claudin-5, and beta-catenin (immunohistochemistry); and 3) apoptosis (TUNEL staining, Bax, Bcl-2 expression). Taken together, our results demonstrate that inhibition of TNF-alpha reduces the tight junction permeability in the ileum tissues associated with immobilization stress, suggesting a possible role of TNF-alpha on ileum barrier dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mazzon
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cuzzocrea
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D003672:Defecation / Q000502:physiology; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D062793:Occludin; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D062793:Occludin; C568986:Ocln protein, mouse; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; C569043:Tjp1 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051176:beta Catenin