title: Trigeminal nasal-specific neurons respond to nerve growth factor with substance-P biosynthesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been found to induce substance-P biosynthesis in large-diameter A-fibres vagal airway neurons. However, the effect of NGF on trigeminal neurons innervating the nasal mucosa of the mouse has not been investigated so far.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  NGF has been implicated in allergic diseases by modulating sensory nerves. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of NGF on neuropeptides expression such as substance-P and glutamate in nasal trigeminal neurons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using neuronal tracing in combination with double labelling immunohistochemistry the expression of substance-P, glutamate and neurofilament protein 68-kDa expression was examined in nasal-specific trigeminal neurons of BALB/c-mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The numbers of Fast blue-labelled trigeminal neurons expressing substance-P were significantly increased after NGF exposure (NGF-treated ganglia: 16.4 +/- 0.6% vs. control: 7.0 +/- 0.4%, P<or=0.001). NGF treatment-induced substance-P biosynthesis in neurofilament-positive (NGF-treated ganglia: 8.6 +/- 0.2% vs. control: 1.1 +/- 0.2%, P<or=0.001) as well as neurofilament-negative (NGF-treated ganglia: 7.8 +/- 0.6% vs. control: 5.9 +/- 0.4%, P=0.05) and non-glutamatergic neurons (NGF-treated ganglia: 11.8 +/- 1.9% vs. control 1.1 +/- 1.0%, P<or=0.001) 24 h after NGF exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under normal conditions, substance-P was expressed in nasal-specific neurofilament-negative, glutamatergic and C-fibre neurons. Nasal-specific trigeminal neurons respond to NGF treatment with substance-P biosynthesis in non-glutamatergic, neurofilament-positive as well as -negative neurons. These findings suggest that nasal-specific trigeminal neurons are composed of heterogenous subpopulations in relation to their peptide profiles and therefore may have different functions in neurogenic airway inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pneumology and Immunology, Allergy-Centre-Charité, Otto-Heubner-Centre, Clinical Research Unit of Allergy, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mingomataj
authors.forename: Q T
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Dinh
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Groneberg
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feleszko
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmeck
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Joachim
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Noga
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagel
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Klapp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000294:innervation*; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013373:Substance P / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014276:Trigeminal Nerve / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; C066858:neurofilament protein NF 68; D013373:Substance P; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor