title: Survey of quartz bulk resonator sensor technologies.
abstract: The term ;bulk resonator' is used to include a variety of vibrational modes. The survey is broken down by type of resonant mode, namely thickness shear, single-ended flexural, double-ended flexural, and torsional. Where appropriate, the discussion of each type of resonant mode includes items related to the frequency-control applications of the particular mode to emphasize the cross fertilization occurring between frequency control and sensor work.
authors.affiliation: Quartztronics Inc., Salt Lake City, UT.
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Eernisse
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Wiggins