title: Expression and functional role of beta-adrenoceptors in the human urinary bladder urothelium.
abstract: We investigated the presence of beta-adrenoceptor subtypes in human urinary bladder urothelium and examined whether beta-adrenoceptors in the urothelium modulate the relaxation responses of isolated human detrusor strips to a beta-adrenoceptor agonist. Expression of beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-adrenoceptor mRNA in urothelium and detrusor smooth muscle was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the distribution of beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-adrenoceptors in human urinary bladder urothelium were examined by immunohistochemistry. Paired human longitudinal detrusor strips with and without an intact urothelium were suspended in organ baths to construct concentration-response curves to isoproterenol. The possible involvement of urothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) in this response was examined in additional experiments with urothelium-intact strips in the presence of NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME). Results confirmed the expression of beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-adrenoceptors in the human urinary bladder urothelium. Further, the presence of the urothelium caused a parallel rightward shift of the concentration-response curve to isoproterenol with a significant reduction in potency (pEC50). L-NAME failed to exert any significant effect on the relaxation response to isoproterenol in the urothelium-intact strips. These results confirm the presence of beta1-, beta2-, and beta3-adrenoceptors in human urinary bladder urothelium. Further, they suggest that urothelial beta-adrenoceptors induce the release of a urothelium-derived factor which inhibits the beta-adrenoceptor agonist-induced relaxation of the human detrusor smooth muscle and that this inhibitory mechanism might not involve NO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan. otsuka@hama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shinbo
authors.forename: Rikiya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozono
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007545:Isoproterenol; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester