title: Parents of children with cystic fibrosis: how they hope, cope and despair.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cystic fibrosis is a chronic, life-threatening illness. Coping, vicarious hope and vicarious despair are constructs that may explain why some children and parents adjust well to cystic fibrosis, while others adjust poorly. Vicarious hope refers to parent expectations that desirable things will occur in their child's future, whereas vicarious despair refers to parent expectations that undesirable things will occur in their child's future. The aims of this study were: (1) to examine parent coping strategies and associations with child and parent adjustment to cystic fibrosis; (2) to investigate the effects of vicarious hope and vicarious despair on coping, parent adjustment and child adjustment; and (3) to examine distinctions between coping, vicarious hope and vicarious despair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 35 parents of children with cystic fibrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Self-blame and behavioural disengagement were coping strategies associated with child and parent maladjustment. Social support predicted less parental emotional impact. Vicarious hope and vicarious despair predicted child mental health, parent anxiety and parent emotional impact.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate that vicarious hope and vicarious despair are distinct constructs from coping. Interventions directed at parent coping, vicarious hope and vicarious despair are implicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Sydney/The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia. michelw4@chw.edu.au
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Heriot
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000523:psychology*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index