title: Detection of somatic quantitative genetic alterations by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the prediction of outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genomic gains and losses play a crucial role in the development of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. High resolution array comparative genomic hybridization provides a comprehensive view of these genomic imbalances but is not routinely applicable. We developed a polymerase chain reaction assay to provide information regarding gains or losses of relevant genes and prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two polymerase chain reaction assays (multiplex polymerase chain reaction of short fluorescent fragments, QMPSF) were designed to detect gains or losses of c-REL, BCL6, SIM1, PTPRK, MYC, CDKN2A, MDM2, CDKN1B, TP53 and BCL2. Array comparative genomic hybridization was simultaneously performed to evaluate the sensitivity and predictive value of the QMPSF assay. The biological and clinical relevance of this assay were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The predictive value of the QMPSF assay for detecting abnormal DNA copy numbers ranged between 88-97%, giving an overall concordance rate of 92% with comparative genomic hybridization results. In 77 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, gains of MYC, CDKN1B, c-REL and BCL2 were detected in 12%, 40%, 27% and 29%, respectively. TP53 and CDKN2A deletions were observed in 22% and 36% respectively. BCL2 and CDKN2A allelic status correlated with protein expression. TP53 mutations were associated with allelic deletions in 45% of cases. The prognostic value of a single QMPSF assay including TP53, MYC, CDKN2A, SIM1 and CDKN1B was predictive of the outcome independently of the germinal center B-cell like/non-germinal center B-cell like subtype or the International Prognostic Index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QMPSF is a reliable and flexible method for detecting somatic quantitative genetic alterations in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas and could be integrated in future prognostic predictive models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Centre Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France. fabrice.jardin@rouen.fnclcc.fr
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jardin
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruminy
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kerckaert
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Parmentier
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Picquenot
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quief
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Villenet
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buchonnet
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tosi
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frebourg
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bastard
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tilly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D017353:Gene Deletion; D018628:Gene Dosage; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D011379:Prognosis; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes; D000069283:Rituximab; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000069283:Rituximab