title: MR imaging of adventitial vasa vasorum in carotid atherosclerosis.
abstract: Vasa vasorum in the adventitia of atherosclerotic arteries may play a role in plaque progression. In this investigation, a method for characterizing vasa vasorum in the carotid artery is proposed, in which the perfusion properties of the adventitia are probed via dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. A parametric "vasa vasorum image" is automatically generated that depicts the plasma volume (vp) and transfer constant (K trans). The average K trans within the adventitia is proposed as a quantitative measurement related to the extent of the vasa vasorum. In 25 subjects with lesions meeting the requirements for carotid endarterectomy (CEA) significantly higher adventitial K trans of 0.155 +/- 0.045 min(-1) was observed, compared to 0.122 +/- 0.029 min(-1) in the remaining 20 subjects with moderate disease (P < 0.01). In the 25 subjects with endarterectomy specimens, histological evaluation showed that adventitial K trans was significantly correlated with the amount of neovasculature (R = 0.41; P = 0.04) and macrophages (R = 0.49; P = 0.01) in the excised plaque. In the remaining 20 subjects without histology, elevated adventitial K trans was significantly correlated with the log of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (R = 0.57; P = 0.01) and was elevated in active smokers compared to nonsmokers (0.141 +/- 0.036 vs. 0.111 +/- 0.017 min(-1); P = 0.02). Because these factors are all associated with higher risk of atherosclerotic complications, these results suggest that adventitial K(trans) may be a marker of risk as well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA. bkerwin@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Kerwin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Jarvik
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Hatsukami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000473:pathology*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014651:Vasa Vasorum / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA