title: Non-chromosomal, non-iatrogenic premature ovarian failure in an adolescent population: a case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review a cohort of patients with non-chromosomal, non-iatrogenic premature ovarian failure (POF) presenting to the Gynaecology Clinic of the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series
  
  
  METHODS
  The Department of Gynaecology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescent patients with non-chromosomal, non-iatrogenic premature ovarian failure
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen patients with non-chromosomal, non-iatrogenic POF were identified between 1990 and 2006. The average age at the time of diagnosis was 16.1 years. 58.8% (10/17) presented with primary amenorrhea, 23.5% (4/17) with secondary amenorrhea and 17.6% (3/17) with oligomenorrhea. 41.1% (7/17) were positive for anti-nucleic acid antibodies and one patient had antithyroid antibodies. Two sets of sisters were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-chromosomal, non-iatrogenic POF in an adolescent population is poorly characterized and its incidence unknown. It most commonly presents as primary amenorrhea, but may also present as a disturbance in a previously established menstrual cycle. Like adult onset POF, there appears to be an association with autoimmune conditions although, in our population, overt autoimmune conditions were rare. The occurrence of POF in two sets of sisters raises the possibility of a genetic basis of the condition being more significant in the younger age group, and provides an interesting cohort for further studies in the area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology, Royal Children's Hospital, Victoria, Australia. melissa.cameron@rch.org.au
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: Paddy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Yasmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jayasinghe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1 / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1; C497683:FMR1 protein, human