title: Inhibition of carbonic anhydrases with glycosyltriazole benzene sulfonamides.
abstract: A library of glycoconjugate benzene sulfonamides have been synthesized and investigated for their ability to inhibit the enzymatic activity of physiologically relevant human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) isozymes: hCA I, II, and tumor-associated IX. Our synthetic strategy directly links the known CA pharmacophore (ArSO 2NH 2) to a sugar "tail" moiety through a rigid 1,2,3-triazole linker unit using the Cu(I)-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction or "click chemistry". Many of the glycoconjugates were potent CA inhibitors and exhibited some isozyme selectivity. In particular, the methyl-D-glucuronate triazoles 6 and 14 were potent inhibitors of hCA IX (K(i)s 9.9 and 8.4 nM, respectively) with selectivity also favoring this isozyme. Other exceptional compounds included the deprotected beta-D-ribofuranosyl triazole 15 and alpha-D-mannosyl triazole 17, which were potent and selective hCA II inhibitors (K(i) 7.5 nM and K(i) 2.3 nM, respectively). Collectively, the results confirm that modification of ring size, stereochemical configuration, and chain length in the sugar tail moiety of glycoconjugate CA inhibitors permits tunable potency and selectivity that may constitute an important avenue for the future development of efficacious and selective CA-based therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Eskitis Institute for Cell and Molecular Therapies, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Brendan L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Innocenti
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vullo
authors.forename: Claudiu T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Supuran
authors.forename: Sally-Ann
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Poulsen
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D006027:Glycosides; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014230:Triazoles; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases