title: Factors influencing quality of semen: a two year prospective study.
abstract: In the recent years, male infertility and subfertility has increased, which is attributed to many factors. So our study focuses the effects of age, occupation, smoking, alcohol and varicocele on the semen quality. Detailed history and examination of 93 cases (fulfilled inclusion criterion) was done. Semen analysis of these cases were compared with above parameters using statistical tools like mean, standard deviation, standard error of mean and significance was tested by student's 't' test. The mean sperm density, total motility and rapid progressive motility in control group were 68.95 x 10(6)/ml, 59.9% and 30.5% respectively. Reduction of sperm density was statistically significant (p value < 0.05) in both tobacco users + alcoholics and in varicocele patients in comparison with controls. Age and occupation did not alter semen quality significantly. Our study concluded that semen quality is decreasing in the past few decades and combined tobacco + alcohol use, and varicocele have more detrimental effect on semen quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka. dr_kprabhakar@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kalyani
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Basavaraj
authors.forename: M L Harendra
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012661:Semen / Q000166:cytology*; D012907:Smoking; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D014646:Varicocele