title: Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the supradiaphragmatic inferior vena cava.
abstract: Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the inferior vena cava is a rare form of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection infrequently described in the literature. We report two cases where the pulmonary venous connection was to the supradiaphragmatic portion of the inferior vena cava. In both patients, preoperative echocardiography findings were misleading, which suggested a cardiac type of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anna N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Seale
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Babulal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sethia
authors.forename: Alan G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Magee
authors.forename: Siew Yen
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Piers E F
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Daubeney
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D003964:Diaphragm; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery