Substance and psychiatric disorders among men and women repeat driving under the influence offenders who accept a treatment-sentencing option.
OBJECTIVE
Driving under the influence (DUI) continues to be a serious public health concern in the United States. Research suggests that the substance use/abuse and psychiatric histories of repeat offenders might contribute to the persistence of this phenomenon. Because psychiatric histories could be important to recovery and likely differ substantially between men and women, the present study examined psychiatric and substance-use histories of male and female DUI repeat offenders in treatment.


METHODS
Seven hundred twenty-nine residents at the Middlesex Driving Under the Influence of Liquor program in Tewksbury, MA, a licensed residential facility providing treatment and education to repeat DUI offenders, participated in the current study during the course of 12 months. These participants completed a standardized diagnostic interview-12 modules of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-as part of their intake interview.


RESULTS
Female repeat offenders in this study were substantially different from male repeat offenders in lifetime and past-year psychiatric comorbidity patterns. Women had more extensive histories of psychiatric morbidity (i.e., psychiatric disorder in addition to substance abuse/dependence, alcohol abuse/dependence, and pathological gambling) and were more likely than men to report a history of multiple morbidities (i.e., multiple psychiatric disorders in addition to substance-related or gambling disorders).


CONCLUSIONS
Both male and female repeat DUI offenders have extensive but different psychiatric histories that might play a significant role in DUI recidivism. These differences in psychiatric and substance-use histories among men and women could have important implications for treatment and prevention of DUI.
LaPlante
Debi A
DA
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. debi_laplante@hms.harvard.edu
Nelson
Sarah E
SE
Odegaard
Siri S
SS
LaBrie
Richard A
RA
Shaffer
Howard J
HJ
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003625:Data Collection; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012737:Sex Factors; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*