title: Cholesterol in end-stage renal disease: the good, the bad or the ugly?
abstract: The incidence of cardiovascular disease is markedly increased in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). High serum cholesterol is widely recognised as a cardiovascular risk factor in the general population. However, in patients with ESRD high concentrations of cholesterol are associated with a better survival. This reverse epidemiology is, amongst others, caused by confounding due to malnutrition and chronic inflammation. In this population, treatment with statins to lower the serum cholesterol remains a matter of debate. In ESRD, LDL cholesterol is modified by increased oxidative stress. These altered LDL particles play a pivotal role in the development of atherosclerosis. Treatment with the antioxidant vitamin E has not equivocally been shown to be beneficial in this population. This review tries to put data from literature on dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress in ESRD in perspective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: S H A
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Diepeveen
authors.forename: J F M
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wetzels
authors.forename: H J G
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Bilo
authors.forename: L J H
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: van Tits
authors.forename: A F H
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Stalenhoef
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D002784:Cholesterol