Rare complications of diphenhydramine toxicity.
Antihistamines have traditionally been regarded as safe over the counter sedative-hypnotics. While they are generally considered to have a wide safety profile, there have been multiple reports of severe toxicity and even fatalities associated with antihistamine overdoses, most of them associated with suicide attempts. We present the case of a 33-year-old female who attempted suicide by ingesting diphenhydramine pills and had a course complicated by two rarely observed adverse effects of antihistamines: rhabdomyolysis and a prolonged QT interval on EKG. Both rhabdomyolysis and a prolonged QT have been observed in cases of antihistamine overdose, but to our knowledge this is the first case with both of these complications occurring together in the same patient. We postulate the mechanisms of action by which diphenhydramine may cause these two potentially life threatening adverse effects.
Ramachandran
Krithika
K
University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA. kramachandran@resident.uchc.edu
Sirop
Paul
P
D000328:Adult; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000139:chemically induced; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D013406:Suicide, Attempted
D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D004155:Diphenhydramine