title: First-trimester combined screening for Down syndrome: prediction of low birth weight, small for gestational age and pre-term delivery in a cohort of non-selected women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the relationship between the first-trimester screening markers [pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), free human chorionic gonadotrophin-beta (beta-hCG), nuchal translucency (NT)], the Down syndrome (DS) risk estimate, and the adverse outcomes such as low birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA) and pre-term delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study including 1,734 non-selected singleton pregnancies consecutively enrolled into the programme of first-trimester combined screening for DS in a 12-month period at a single centre. Data from the Prenatal Patient Registry in ASTRAIA were combined with the Danish National Newborn Screening Registry and Danish Birth Registry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant relation between low PAPP-A MoM, low beta-hCG MoM, increased risk estimate for DS and low birth weight and SGA. Low PAPP-A MoM and increased NT showed a significant relation to pre-term and spontaneous pre-term delivery. Low PAPP-A MoM showed a significant relation to early pre-term delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First-trimester screening markers exhibited a significant relation to low birth weight, SGA and to some extent, to pre-term and early pre-term delivery. The screening performance of individual markers was poor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Holbaek Hospital, Holbaek, Denmark. Kasper Pihl@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Kasper
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pihl
authors.forename: Tina Lindvig
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.forename: Bent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nørgaard-Pedersen
authors.forename: Severin Olesen
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Tri Huu
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Lone
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krebs
authors.forename: Torben
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christiansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight / Q000097:blood; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008403:Mass Screening; D048208:Nuchal Translucency Measurement; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000097:blood; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000032:analysis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A