title: A prospective study of physical activity and the risk of pancreatic cancer among women (United States).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several epidemiologic studies have examined the association between physical activity and pancreatic cancer risk; however, the results of these studies are not consistent.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study examined the associations of total, moderate, and vigorous physical activity to pancreatic cancer in a cohort of 33,530 U.S. women enrolled in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project (BCDDP). At baseline (1987-1989), information on physical activity over the past year was obtained using a self-administered questionnaire. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals of pancreatic cancer risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  70 incident cases of pancreatic cancer were ascertained during 284,639 person years of follow-up between 1987-1989 and 1995-1998. After adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking status, history of diabetes, and height, increased physical activity was related to a suggestively decreased risk of pancreatic cancer. The RRs for increasing quartiles of total physical activity were 1.0, 0.80, 0.66, 0.52 (95% CI = 0.26, 1.05; ptrend = 0.05). This association was consistent across subgroups defined by body mass index and smoking status. We also observed statistically non-significant reductions in pancreatic cancer risk for women in the highest quartile of moderate (RR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.26, 1.26) and highest quartile of vigorous physical activity (RR = 0.63; 95% CI = 0.31, 1.28) compared to their least active counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study provides evidence for a role of physical activity in protecting against pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI/NIH, Rockville, MD, USA. brook.calton@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Brook A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Calton
authors.forename: Rachael Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Stolzenberg-Solomon
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schatzkin
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schairer
authors.forename: Demetrius
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albanes
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Leitzmann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D010809:Physical Fitness; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States