title: Cultured bone marrow cell local implantation accelerates healing of ulcers in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The therapeutic potential of bone marrow (BM)-derived cells in ulcers is not known. This study aimed to clarify (1) cell types that are derived from the BM which infiltrate ulcers; (2) whether BM-derived cells or gastric myofibroblasts can be used for cell transplantation to treat ulcers; and (3) the phenotypes of such transplantable cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) Wild-type mice were transplanted with BM cells of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic mice. Acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers were produced in mice after BM transplantation. (2) BM cells and gastric myofibroblasts were isolated from GFP-transgenic mice. Bone marrow cells attached to plastic dishes were selected for expansion. Gastric ulcers were induced, and BM-derived cells, myofibroblasts, or phosphate-buffered saline were injected around ulcers. The ulcer healing process was examined macroscopically and histologically. (3) Expression of growth factors and cytokines in transplantable cells was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) GFP-positive cells with interstitial phenotypes were observed at the ulcerated area. (2) Ulcer healing was significantly promoted by the injection of BM-derived cells compared to controls on day 7, but not on day 3. The BM-derived cells were observed in the tissue surrounding the ulcer. However, myofibroblasts were not found. (3) The BM-derived cells expressed hepatocyte growth factor, transforming growth factor-beta(1), and other stromal factors before transplantation, and had mesenchymal phenotypes after transplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BM-derived cells are involved in the ulcer healing. BM-derived cells, but not myofibroblasts, are locally implantable to ulcers. Thus, BM-derived cells can be transplanted to accelerate ulcer healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Clinical Research Building (K1), Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsujii
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshio
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinzaki
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Egawa
authors.forename: Takanobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakiuchi
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasumaru
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Shusaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.forename: Sunao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D054338:Cell Transdifferentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010641:Phenotype; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019342:Acetic Acid