title: Analyzing the influence of admissions criteria and cultural norms on success in an international dental studies program.
abstract: This study determines the extent to which admissions criteria and cultural norms predict the success of a foreign-trained dentist in a United States dental educational program. Correlation and regression tests were applied to an eleven-year period from 1994 to 2004 of retrospective admissions data for 144 International Dental Studies Program students. Five cultural norms were derived from the collective cultural dimensions of a scholarly work of validated multinational surveys by Geert Hofstede. These five cultural norms are Power Distance (degree of inequality between "haves" and "have-nots" in a culture); Individualism (support for independent or group behavior); Long-Term View (deferred gratification versus quick results/rewards); Masculinity (emphasis on performance/outcomes versus socialization); and Uncertainty Avoidance (ability to cope with an uncertain future). Hofstede's calculated country scores on these cultural dimensions applied to the students' countries of education and their influence on students' academic performance were assessed by correlation and regression analyses. Results showed that the TOEFL and National Board Part I examinations and the cultural norm of Long-Term View were the most positive predictors of grade point averages. The other four cultural norms studied were not predictors of success. Those who applied to the program more than once before being accepted did less well in the program, yet "less well" might have meant that they graduated with a 3.0 instead of a 3.5 GPA. Generally speaking, the more recent the graduated class, the higher the ending GPA has been. Admissions committees should determine if they want to invest the resources required to implement a multitude of admissions predictors to find the best of the qualified applicants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Practice, University of the Pacific, Arthur A. Dugoni School of Dentistry, 2155 Webster Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. litaya@pacific.edu
authors.forename: Lisa E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Itaya
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D003625:Data Collection; D004497:Education, Dental / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005551:Foreign Professional Personnel; D006801:Humans; D007393:International Educational Exchange; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012495:San Francisco; D012570:School Admission Criteria; D012575:Schools, Dental