title: Canine conjunctivitis and blepharitis.
abstract: The eyelids and conjunctiva are immunologically active structures with an extensive presence of blood vessels, lymphatics, and immune cells. Several immune-mediated phenomena can involve these structures either in isolation or in association with systemic clinical features. Immune-mediated blepharoconjunctival diseases are divided into two main categories: primary autoimmune disease in which the disease results from an attack against self-antigens and secondary immune-mediated disease in which the disorder results from exogenous material inducing autoimmune disease. Such causes of secondary immune-mediated disease include infectious agents and drugs. This article reviews the most important autoimmune and immune-mediated eyelid and conjunctival disorders in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. teresa.pena@uab.cat
authors.forename: M A Teresa
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leiva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001762:Blepharitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003231:Conjunctivitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D004285:Dogs; D012307:Risk Factors