title: Factors of biological risk and reserve associated with executive behaviors in children and adolescents with spina bifida myelomeningocele.
abstract: This study examined differences between healthy children (n = 35) and those with spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM; n = 42) on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF), a measure of executive function behaviors. It also examined whether aspects of biological risk associated with SBM and reserve factors within the family could account for variability in BRIEF scores for children and adolescents with SBM. Patients in the SBM group exhibited more problems than both published norms and a local comparison group of healthy children in metacognition but not behavior regulation. Behavior regulation problems in children with SBM were predicted by parent psychological distress. More shunt-related surgeries and history of seizures predicted poorer metacognitive abilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. brown.tanya1@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Tanya Maines
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: M Douglas
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ris
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beebe
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Ammerman
authors.forename: Sonya G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Oppenheimer
authors.forename: Keith Owen
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Yeates
authors.forename: Benedicta G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Enrile
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers