title: Preoperative radiographic assessment of hepatic steatosis with histologic correlation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The adverse impact of hepatic steatosis on perioperative outcomes after liver resection is gaining recognition. But the accuracy of preoperative radiologic assessment of fatty liver disease remains unclear. The objective of this study was to correlate preoperative radiologic estimation with postoperative histologic measurement of steatosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who underwent partial hepatectomy between 1997 and 2001, with complete preoperative radiographic imaging and postoperative pathologic assessment of steatosis, were retrospectively analyzed. The presence of steatosis was assessed radiographically using noncontrast-enhanced CT (NCCT), contrast-enhanced CT (CCT), or MRI, using standard quantitative radiologic criteria. Repeat histologic analysis was used to quantify the extent of hepatic steatosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred thirty-one patients were studied. The overall sensitivity and specificity for all imaging modalities in detecting pathologically confirmed hepatic steatosis were 56% and 82%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for NCCT, CCT, and MRI using standard quantitative criteria were 33% and 100%, 50% and 83%, and 88%, and 63%, respectively. Increasing body mass indices adversely affected the accuracy of NCCT (p=0.002). Preoperative chemotherapy did not notably affect radiologic accuracy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of a fatty-appearing liver on NCCT scans indicates clinically significant steatosis, but steatosis cannot be excluded based on a normal NCCT scan, particularly in obese patients. Conversely, normal MRI helps to exclude hepatic steatosis, but abnormal MRI is not a reliable indicator of fatty change. CCT is not an effective means of identifying steatosis. We conclude that, when used alone, conventional cross-sectional imaging does not consistently permit accurate identification of hepatic steatosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792-7375, USA.
authors.forename: Clifford S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.forename: Lawrence H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Kooby
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Klimstra
authors.forename: Jinru
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shia
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Munoz
authors.forename: Yuman
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Jarnagin
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: DeMatteo
authors.forename: Leslie H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Blumgart
authors.forename: Michael I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: D'Angelica
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003287:Contrast Media; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media