title: Plasma of pregnant and preeclamptic women activates monocytes in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to test the hypothesis that factors circulating in the plasma of pregnant women and women with preeclampsia activate monocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were taken from patients with early-onset severe preeclampsia (n = 9), healthy pregnant women (n = 9), and healthy nonpregnant women (n = 9). A monocytic cell line was incubated with the plasma for 4, 16, and 24 hours. After the incubation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 expression (protein and messenger ribonucleic acid) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma of both pregnant women and women with preeclampsia, as compared with plasma from nonpregnant women, increased the mean channel brightness (MCB) of ROS after 4 hours of incubation, whereas only plasma of pregnant women increased the percentage of cells producing ROS (after 4 and 24 hours of incubation). Plasma of pregnant women and women with preeclampsia up-regulated the percentage of ICAM-1-expressing cells after 4 hours and down-regulated the percentage of ICAM-1-expressing cells and MCB after 24 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma of both pregnant women and women with preeclampsia activated monocytes in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Transplantation Biology and Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. m.m.faas@med.umcg.nl
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Faas
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Donker
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: van Pampus
authors.forename: A M F
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Huls
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salomons
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Vos
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Aarnoudse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1