title: The fate of homograft tracheal transplants in sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An established method of tracheal substitution is not yet available, but homograft tracheal transplantation might provide a realistic tracheal replacement. With the objective of sequentially examining the healing of tracheal homografts, we have established a suitable large-animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five sheep received orthotopic tracheal transplantation of a 4-cm cervical tracheal homograft. The trachea was supported for 6 weeks with a self-expanding polyester stent. The plan was to euthanize the animals after 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks, or whenever complications occurred.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The implantation itself was performed without complications. After 2 weeks the homograft was firmly encapsulated by connective tissue, without signs of necrosis or abscess. The original mucous membrane no longer existed; the cartilage rings were exposed. In all animals that were euthanized at the later dates, the homografts were completely absorbed and replaced by inflammatory scar tissue. This, in turn, was covered with a shiny cellular surface layer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this animal experiment reveal-contrary to data published to date-that tracheal homografts are not incorporated but absorbed. They are replaced by scar/granulation tissue that cannot secure the stability of the trachea. Therefore, further experiments with respect to the biocompatability of homografts appear to be necessary.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Viszeral-, Thorax- und Gefässchirurgie, Klinikum Deggendorf, Perlasberger Str. 41, Deggendorf 94469, Germany. Matthias@MBehrend.net
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Behrend
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kluge
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D000818:Animals; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D023421:Models, Animal; D034561:Sheep, Domestic; D015607:Stents; D014132:Trachea / Q000637:transplantation*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014945:Wound Healing