title: Occurrence and outcome of residual trophoblastic tissue: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of residual trophoblastic tissue after miscarriage or delivery, to assess the diagnostic value of sonography with color Doppler examination in the detection of retained tissue, and to define in what cases expectant management may be an option.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective observational study using sonography with color Doppler imaging in consecutive patients at routine follow-up after miscarriage or delivery. Expectant management was proposed in all patients with suspected retained tissue providing they were hemodynamically stable and in the absence of signs of infection. In case of surgical removal of retained tissue, the histologic examination was compared with the sonographic findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 1070 patients were assessed. In 67 patients (6.3%), sonographic and color Doppler examination showed retained tissue, and in 41 (61%) of them, curettage was performed. In all but 1 case, retained tissue was confirmed on histologic examination. Cases of retained tissue were more often seen after first-trimester (17%) or second trimester (40%) miscarriage, in the presence of abnormal uterine bleeding (57%), and with areas of enhanced myometrial vascularity (77.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sonography with color Doppler examination is clinically useful to confirm or exclude residual trophoblastic tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals, Catholic University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. thierry.van.den.bosch@skynet.be
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van den Bosch
authors.forename: Anneleen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daemen
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Schoubroeck
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pochet
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Moor
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Timmerman
mesh_terms: D000027:Abortion, Incomplete / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D006473:Postpartum Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color