title: Consumption of Brussels sprouts protects peripheral human lymphocytes against 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and oxidative DNA-damage: results of a controlled human intervention trial.
abstract: To find out if the cancer protective effects of Brussels sprouts seen in epidemiological studies are due to protection against DNA-damage, an intervention trial was conducted in which the impact of vegetable consumption on DNA-stability was monitored in lymphocytes with the comet assay. After consumption of the sprouts (300 g/p/d, n = 8), a reduction of DNA-migration (97%) induced by the heterocyclic aromatic amine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenyl-imidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) was observed whereas no effect was seen with 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]-indole (Trp-P-2). This effect protection may be due to inhibition of sulfotransferase 1A1, which plays a key role in the activation of PhIP. In addition, a decrease of the endogenous formation of oxidized bases was observed and DNA-damage caused by hydrogen peroxide was significantly (39%) lower after the intervention. These effects could not be explained by induction of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, but in vitro experiments indicate that sprouts contain compounds, which act as direct scavengers of reactive oxygen species. Serum vitamin C levels were increased by 37% after sprout consumption but no correlations were seen between prevention of DNA-damage and individual alterations of the vitamin levels. Our study shows for the first time that sprout consumption leads to inhibition of sulfotransferases in humans and to protection against PhIP and oxidative DNA-damage.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoelzl
authors.forename: Hansruedi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Glatt
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meinl
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sontag
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Haidinger
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kundi
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simic
authors.forename: Asima
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bichler
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferk
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Angelis
authors.forename: Armen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nersesyan
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knasmüller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015239:Arylsulfotransferase / Q000097:blood; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001317:Austria; D001937:Brassica; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000097:blood; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D007093:Imidazoles; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C049584:2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D015238:Sulfotransferases; D015239:Arylsulfotransferase; C117544:SULT1A1 protein, human; C403170:monoamine-sulfating phenol sulfotransferase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid