title: Chemopreventive effects of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (etodolac) on chemically induced intraductal papillary carcinoma of the pancreas in hamsters.
abstract: The present study was designed to determine whether etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, prevents chemically induced intraductal papillary carcinoma (IPC) in the main pancreatic duct of hamsters. Hamsters were subjected to cholecystoduodenostomy with dissection of the distal end of the common duct. Four weeks after surgery, the surviving hamsters received subcutaneous injections of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine four times at a dose of 10 mg/kg body wt, every 2 weeks. The animals were divided into three groups according to the simultaneous oral intake of a standard pelleted diet containing etodolac at 0% (group CE, n = 30), 0.01% (group ET, n = 21) and 0.04% (group ET4, n = 25), respectively. Hamsters were killed for pathological examination at 36 weeks after the operation. The incidence of induced pancreatic carcinoma was 93, 81 and 72% in groups CE, ET and ET4, respectively. The pancreatic carcinomas were histologically classified into four types, i.e. tubular, papillary, cyst adenocarcinoma and IPC. The incidence of IPC and the number of IPCs per animal were significantly lower in groups ET4 (36% and 0.48) and ET (48% and 0.62) when compared with group CE (67% and 1.30). The proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling indices in the non-cancerous epithelial cells of the main pancreatic duct were 2.8 and 6.8% in groups ET4 and ET, respectively, and were significantly lower than that in group CE (10.8%). In conclusion, etodolac inhibited N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine-induced IPC in hamsters. Suppression of epithelial cell proliferation of the main pancreatic duct was considered as a possible mechanism of cancer prevention in this hamster model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Tamotsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroki
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: Amane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitasato
authors.forename: Noritsugu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuneoka
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
mesh_terms: D000231:Adenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D006224:Cricetinae; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017308:Etodolac / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D007700:Kinetics; D008647:Mesocricetus
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D017308:Etodolac; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2