title: Outpatient basis extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for ureter stones: efficacy of the third generation lithotripter as the first line treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed the efficacy of a third generation extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) machine for ureter stones using the Dornier Lithotriptor Compact Delta.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 471 consecutive ureter stones were treated with ESWL using the Dornier Lithotriptor Compact Delta from December 2001 on an outpatient basis. Four hundred and one cases were followed up at least once after the procedure and were included in this study. All of the cases, except one patient who was three years old, were treated without anesthesia, and the procedure was principally performed on outpatient basis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall stone free rate was 94.5% and the mean number of treatment sessions was 1.23. The stone free rates were compared considering various clinical factors and significant differences were observed in the stone length, the stone location and the sex in univariate analysis. However, only the stone length maintained a statistically significant impact in multivariate analysis and the stone free rates were 91.2% and 98.0% respectively in larger stones (length 10mm) and smaller stones (length < 10mm) (p = 0.004). In mid-distal stones, the stone free rate was higher than that of proximal stones (97.5% vs 92.6%, p = 0.04) and not affected by stone length.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy performed by the third generation machine achieved an excellent stone free rate with a relatively small number of treatment sessions. This procedure is strongly recommended as the first line therapy for all ureter stones including mid-distal ones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital Mizonokuchi, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan. m@umin.ac.jp <m@umin.ac.jp>
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murota-Kawano
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sekine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000628:therapy*