title: High ligation combined with stripping and endovenous laser ablation of the great saphenous vein: early results of a randomized controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared postoperative patient comfort and the surgical outcome of endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) or stripping of the great saphenous vein, both performed in conjunction with high ligation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study randomized 100 patients with primary trunk varicosities of the great saphenous vein (CEAP clinical class II to IV) to EVLA or stripping. The success of surgery was followed-up by duplex ultrasound imaging at 1, 4, and 16 weeks. Primary end points were the size of the hematoma 1 week after the operation and the preoperative disease-specific Chronic Venous Insufficiency Questionnaire (CIVIQ) quality of life score compared with 4 weeks postoperatively. Secondary end points were postoperative symptoms (pain, use of analgesics, paresthesia at the ankle, residual hematoma), complications, time taken to resume work, the patient's satisfaction with the cosmetic outcome, and the CIVIQ quality of life score at 16 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The groups were well matched at baseline. In all, 95 patients could be followed up in accordance with the protocol. The treatment was successful in all patients. Endovenous laser ablation was associated with an occlusion rate of 100%. Hematomas were significantly smaller after EVLA (median [quartiles]) at 125 (55-180) cm(2) vs stripping 200 (123-269) cm(2) (P = .001). No difference was registered between groups for the CIVIQ quality of life score, with EVLA at -1.25 (-7.5-11.25) vs stripping at 4.38 (-5.94-14.38; P = .34). Several postoperative symptoms favored EVLA, but the only significant differences were seen in the minor side effects of surgery at 1 and 4 weeks and discomfort due to paresthesia at the ankle in the first postoperative week. EVLA was associated with a longer period of time until return to work (median [quartiles]) of 20 (14-25.5) days vs 14 (12.8-25) days (P = .054).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovenous laser ablation combined with high ligation is safe and effective. Postoperative hematomas are significantly smaller than those after stripping. Short-term quality of life is at least as good as that after stripping. The long-term results warrant further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St Franziskus Hospital, Grieskirchen, Austria. manfred.kalteis@aon.at
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalteis
authors.forename: Irmgard
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Messie-Werndl
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pistrich
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schimetta
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pölz
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hieller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007866:Leg; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011788:Quality of Life; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000601:surgery*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods