title: Repeated fracture of pacemaker leads with migration into the pulmonary circulation and temporary pacemaker wire insertion via the azygous vein.
abstract: Repeated implantation of pacemaker in the same patient is a common occurrence because of the increased longevity of patients. However, repeated lead fracture in the same patient and migration of the pacemaker lead into the pulmonary circulation is rare. We describe a 56-year-old gentleman who had undergone pacemaker implantations thrice due to repeated lead fractures (thrice) and also had migration of the pacemaker lead into the pulmonary circulation. He also had an azygous vein which was noticed while placing the temporary pacemaker wire.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Madras Medical Mission, 4A, Dr. J. J. Nagar, Mogappair, Chennai-600 037, India.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Udyavar
authors.forename: U M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Pandurangi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Latchumanadhas
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mullasari
mesh_terms: D001401:Azygos Vein; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome