title: GDNF-transduced Schwann cell grafts enhance regeneration of erectile nerves.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Schwann cell-seeded guidance tubes have been shown to promote cavernous nerve regeneration, and the local delivery of neurotrophic factors may additionally enhance nerve regenerative capacity. The present study evaluates whether the transplantation of GDNF-overexpressing Schwann cells may enhance regeneration of bilaterally transected erectile nerves in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Silicon tubes seeded with either GDNF-overexpressing or GFP-expressing Schwann cells were implanted into the gaps between transected cavernous nerve endings. Six (10 study nerves) or 12 wk (20 study nerves) postoperatively, erectile function was evaluated by relaparotomy, electrical nerve stimulation, and intracavernous pressure recording, followed by ultrastructural evaluation of reconstructed nerves employing bright-field and electron microscopy. Additional animals were either sham-operated (positive control; 20 study nerves) or received bilateral nerve transection without nerve reconstruction (negative control; 20 study nerves).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combination of GDNF delivery and Schwann cell application promoted an intact erectile response in 90% (9 of 10) of grafted nerves after 6 wk and in 95% (19 of 20) after 12 wk, versus 50% (5 of 10) and 80% (16 of 20) of GFP-expressing Schwann cell grafts (p=0.02). The functional recovery was paralleled by enhanced axonal regeneration in GDNF-overexpressing Schwann cell grafts, as indicated by larger cross-sectional areas and a significantly higher percentage of neural tissue compared with GFP-transduced controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that the time required to elicit functional recovery of erectile nerves can be reduced by local delivery of GDNF. In terms of clinical application, this enhanced nerve repair might be critical for timely reinnervation of the corpus cavernosum as a prerequisite for functional recovery in men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany. florian.may@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Kaspar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matiasek
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vroemen
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caspers
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mrva
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arndt
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schlenker
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gais
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brill
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buchner
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blesch
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hartung
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stief
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gansbacher
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weidner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017690:Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000502:physiology*; D010413:Penis / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor