title: Discovery of a new HBB haplotype w2 in a wild-derived house mouse, Mus musculus.
abstract: Genetic characterization of a wild-derived house mouse, Mus musculus, originally collected near Lake Balkhash in the Republic of Kazakhstan, was performed by examining protein polymorphisms and nucleotide sequences for the hemoglobin beta chain (HBB) subunits. Protein electrophoresis, which was performed on a cellulose-acetate plate, showed an independent mobility pattern representing a new, previously undiscovered haplotype. Neighbor-joining analyses of the HBB adult genes, i.e., HBB-T1 and HBB-T2, and the intergenic spacer region showed that the Lake Balkhash mouse possessed genomic components that were mixed from different haplotypes. Compared to the previously determined HBB haplotypes, d, p, and w1, the HBB-T1 gene and ca. 11 kb of the spacer region were most similar to the w1 haplotype; however, the remainder of the spacer region and the HBB-T2 gene were most similar to the d haplotype but may represent a still uncharacterized and divergent haplotype. The recombination event is predicted to have occurred 2.5 kb upstream of the HBB-T2 gene and may have occurred through intersubspecific hybridization between mice of the musculus subspecies group (with the w1 haplotype) and the castaneus subspecies group (with the d-like haplotype). Alternatively, an unknown subspecies group that is equidistantly divergent from each of these subspecies groups may have been involved. Our findings suggest reticulate evolution among the subspecies groups during the evolution of M. musculus.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Cell Technology, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Fukuyama University, Higashimura-cho, Aza, Sanzo, Fukuyama 729-0292, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Nobumoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koshimoto
authors.forename: Kimiyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Ikuyo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yonekawa
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moriwaki
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D007623:Kazakhstan; D051379:Mice; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D021122:Protein Subunits; D005914:Globins