title: Botulinum toxin: new option for refractory lower urinary tract symptoms in women.
abstract: Lower urinary tract symptoms refractory to standard therapies create significant distress and quality of life impact for women with these disorders. Likewise, they are challenging for clinicians caring for these women. Once conservative measures are exhausted, the few remaining treatment options are often invasive and associated with significant morbidity. Botulinum toxin is an emerging medical therapy with increasing applications in the lower urinary tract and pelvic floor, which has proven to be an effective and safe alternative for the treatment of some refractory pelvic floor disorders.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. lrickey@smail.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Leslie M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Rickey
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kenton
mesh_terms: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009122:Muscle Hypertonia / Q000188:drug therapy; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000473:pathology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012449:Safety; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053202:Urinary Incontinence, Urge / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D001905:Botulinum Toxins