title: Allergic rhinitis in children with asthma: a questionnaire-based study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma frequently coexist but has rarely been evaluated in children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This prospective study aimed to estimate the prevalence of AR in asthmatic children, and ascertain whether AR is a risk factor for the severity of asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The questionnaire, modified from the adult form of the score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR), was completed by 404 asthmatic children aged 3-18 years seen in the outpatient clinic between June 2005 and July 2007. Each item was assigned a number of points with a final score ranging from 0 to 17. AR and asthma were classified according to ARIA and GINA 2004 recommendations, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AR was diagnosed in 237 patients (58.7%). It was intermittent in 57.8% of the patients and persistent in 42.2%. A total score >or=9 was discriminant for AR (sensitivity=91.1%, specificity=95.2%, positive predictive value=96.4%, negative predictive value=88.3%, Youden's Index=0.86). The proportion of children having mild or moderate-to-severe asthma was independent of the presence of AR, 61.6% of moderate-to-severe asthmatic children and 55.4% of intermittent and mild asthmatic children having AR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AR and asthma are frequently associated (58.7%). The SFAR adapted for children seems to be a simple and a reliable tool to detect AR in asthmatic children.
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique des hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Service de Pneumologie et d'Allergologie Pédiatriques, Paris, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamouda
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karila
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Connault
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheinmann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Blic
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires