title: Rapid preparation of procyanidins B2 and C1 from Granny Smith apples by using low pressure column chromatography and identification of their oligomeric procyanidins.
abstract: Research in the field of procyanidins is always hindered by the lack of procyanidin standards, and the preparation of procyanidins, especially in large scale, remains difficult and time-consuming. Commercial sources of procyanidin standards are scarce. In this study, a rapid preparation method of procyanidins by using low-pressure column chromatography was developed. Procyanidins in Granny Smith apples were extracted with boiled water and purified on an ADS-17 macroporous resin column to obtain a Granny Smith apple procyanidin extract (GSE). GSE was fractionated according to its degree of polymerization on a Toyopearl TSK HW-40s column. Procyanidins B2 (epicatechin-(4beta-8)-epicatechin) and C1 (epicatechin-(4beta-8)-epicatechin-(4beta-8)-epicatechin) were prepared without HPLC separation. Oligomeric procyanidins from Granny Smith apples were also identified by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
authors.forename: Jun-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bi-Jun
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Er-Ning
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhi-Da
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002392:Catechin / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D044946:Biflavonoids; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C479580:procyanidin B2; C479583:procyanidin C; D002392:Catechin