title: High defibrillation energy requirements are encountered rarely with modern dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Defibrillation conversion testing to assure a 10 J safety margin is a standard practice during implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation. Little data are available on the number of patients who do not have a 10 J margin initially and therefore require system revisions, further testing, or a higher energy output device.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The INTRINSIC RV study enrolled 1530 new ICD recipients who were not in permanent atrial fibrillation who received a VITALITY AVT (Guidant, St Paul, MN, USA) standard energy (31 J maximum) ICD and underwent defibrillation conversion testing at the time of implantation from 108 centres. Among enrolled patients, 59 (3.9%) did not initially meet the 10 J safety margin criterion. In these 59 patients, a 10 J safety margin was achieved by making at least one system revision: reversing shocking polarity (n = 33, 56%), right ventricular lead repositioning (n = 19, 32%), repeat testing at a later date (n = 1, 2%), adding a subcutaneous array (n = 1, 2%), or other means (n = 10, 17%). Only New York Heart Association class (P = 0.001) and no previous myocardial infarction (P = 0.044) predicted a failed initial conversion test. There were no reported complications from ICD shock testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful defibrillation conversion criteria with the first configuration tested with a standard energy device is almost always met with modern dual-chamber ICD systems. The need for revising the initial ICD shock configuration to achieve a 10 J safety margin appears extremely low and of low risk.
authors.affiliation: Utah Heart Clinic Arrhythmia Services, LDS Hospital, 324 10th Avenue, Suite 206, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA. john.day@cv-research.org
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Olshansky
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Kira Q
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Stolen
authors.forename: Darin R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lerew
mesh_terms: D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000592:standards*; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000592:standards*; D004869:Equipment Safety / Q000592:standards*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies