title: A case of rhabdomyosarcoma masquerading as acute leukemia at presentation: a case report.
abstract: Non-hematopoietic malignancies infiltrating bone marrow have always been a source of erroneous diagnosis. Among these, the small round cell tumors like neuroblastomas and rhabdomyosarcomas mimick the hematopoietic blasts. Several case reports of rhabdomyosarcoma mimicking acute leukemia, clinically and morphologically at presentation have been reported in the literature. To the best of our knowledge such an entity has not been reported in Indian literature. We report here one such case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma masquerading as acute leukemia. A thorough clinical examination with high degree of suspicion on bone marrow morphology and judicious use of appropriate immunohistochemistry markers will solve many of these cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
authors.forename: Upendra
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Srinivas
authors.forename: Lakshmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.forename: Rakhee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kar
authors.forename: Manoranjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahapatra
authors.forename: Sumeet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gujra
authors.forename: Hara Prasad
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Pati
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D003893:Desmin / Q000032:analysis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000032:analysis; D018008:Myogenin / Q000032:analysis; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000032:analysis; D018232:Rhabdomyosarcoma, Alveolar / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003893:Desmin; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D017570:MyoD Protein; C057363:MyoD1 myogenic differentiation protein; D018008:Myogenin; D009195:Peroxidase; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase