title: Natural history of biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy based on length of a positive margin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of length of positive margin on prognosis in men after radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The positive surgical margin without either seminal vesicle invasion or lymph node metastases was identified in 117 men undergoing prostatectomy between 1991 and 1999. The length of positive margin was obtained by adding together the lengths of all areas of the tumor in contact with the inked surface. Biochemical failure was defined as a serum prostate specific antigen level 0.1 ng/mL or greater. Statistical analyses were performed to compare times with progression and to determine factors for progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median follow-up duration was 43 months, and the overall 5-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 74.6%. The differences in prognoses between men with a positive margin 1 mm or less and those with a margin 1.1 to 3 mm was not significant; however, there was a significant difference in prognosis between men with a margin 3 or less and those with a margin greater than 3 mm (P <0.01). Multivariate analyses revealed that both Gleason score 8 or greater and a margin 3 mm or greater were independent predictors. The prognoses in men with neither of these risk factors was statistically better than that of men with either or both of these risk factors (5-year PFS rates 93% versus 57%, respectively; P <0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The length of positive margin is significantly associated with disease progression. The Gleason score and the extent of positive margin can be used to stratify the risk for recurrence in patients with positive margin.
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sotelo
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Troncoso
authors.forename: Viju
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bhadkamkar
authors.forename: R Joseph
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Babaian
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen