title: Oxidative stress and alpha1-adrenoceptor-mediated stimulation of the Cl-/HCO3- exchanger in immortalized SHR proximal tubular epithelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the signalling coupled to the alpha1-adrenoceptor-induced stimulation of the Cl-/HCO3- exchanger in hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Na+ -independent HCO3- transport system activity was assayed as the initial rate of pHi recovery after an alkaline load (CO2/HCO3 removal) in immortalized renal proximal tubular epithelial cells from spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and their normotensive control (Wistar Kyoto rat; WKY).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Noradrenaline increased Cl-/HCO3- exchanger activity with EC50 values of 0.6 and 5.3 microM in SHR and WKY cells, respectively. These effects were abolished by prazosin, but not by yohimbine. Phenylephrine increased Cl-/HCO3- exchanger activity in SHR and WKY cells (EC50 of 2.6 and 4.9 microM, respectively). Phenylephrine-mediated increase in Cl-/HCO3- exchanger activity in WKY and SHR cells was inhibited by protein kinase C (PKC), MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitors. The expression of alpha1A- and alpha1B-adrenoceptors was identical in WKY and SHR cells. SHR cells generated more H2O2 than WKY cells. In SHR cells, the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin reduced their increased ability to generate H2O2 and abolished their hypersensitivity to phenylephrine, but failed to affect basal Cl-/HCO3- exchanger activity. H2O2-dependent stimulation of Cl-/HCO3- exchange activity was significantly higher in SHR than in WKY cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences between WKY and SHR cells on their sensitivity to alpha1-adrenoceptor stimulation did not correlate with the abundance of alpha1A- and alpha1B-adrenoceptors and may be related to the increased generation of H2O2, which may amplify the response downstream of alpha1-adrenoceptor activation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simão
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Jose
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soares-da-Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D027963:Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C547715:Adra1a protein, rat; C547718:Adra1b protein, rat; D027963:Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; D010656:Phenylephrine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D009638:Norepinephrine