title: A 2008 panorama on osteoporosis and inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: The availability of osteodensitometry has contributed significantly to increase the awareness of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated bone disease. Reported osteoporosis prevalence in patients with IBD range from 2% to 30%. The fractures risk varies between studies, influenced by demographic, clinical and genetic factors. The main pathogenetic factors involved are malabsorption, treatment with glucocorticoids, inflammation (increased cytokine production) and hypogonadism. A screening should be considered for all patients with small bowel Crohn's disease and especially for those with extensive disease, multiple resections, and malnutrition. Supplementation with both calcium and vitamin D is frequently the first step taken, but is insufficient to inhibit bone loss in many patients requiring use of glucocorticoids. Among available therapies, only biphosphonates are effective for treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastro-Hepatology, Molinette Hospital, Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sapone
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pellicano
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Simondi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sguazzini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reggiani
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rizzetto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Astegiano
mesh_terms: D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000150:complications; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D008286:Malabsorption Syndromes / Q000150:complications; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids