title: MRI diagnosis of occipital cephalohematoma mimicking an encephalocele.
abstract: A 4-day old neonate presented with a midline swelling located on the back of its head. The two most likely causes of the swelling were cephalohematoma, which is self-limiting and carries a benign prognosis, and encephalocele, often associated with central nervous system malformations. Evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a subperiosteal blood collection with intact underlying structures, establishing the diagnosis of a cephalohematoma. This is the first report to show the value of MRI in distinguishing between an occipital cephalohematoma and an encephalocele.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, St. Elisabeth Hospital, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: van Tellingen
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Obihara
authors.forename: Godefridus F A J B
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: van Tilborg
authors.forename: Pieter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: van Dijken
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D012535:Scalp / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*