title: Influence of irradiant energy on degree of conversion, polymerization rate and shrinkage stress in an experimental resin composite system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the degree of conversion (DC), maximum rate of cure (Rpmax), and polymerization stress (PS) developed by an experimental dental composite subjected to different irradiant energies (3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 J/cm2) under constant irradiance (500 mW/cm2).
  
  
  METHODS
  DC and Rpmax were monitored for 10 min on the bottom surface of 2-mm thick disks and on 150-microm thick films (representing the top of the specimen) using ATR-FTIR. PS was monitored for 10 min in 2-mm thick disks bonded to two glass rods (Ø=5mm) attached to a universal testing machine. One-way ANOVA/Tukey tests were used and differences in DC and R(p)(max) between top and bottom surfaces were examined using Student's t-test. Statistical testing was performed at a pre-set alpha of 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For a given surface, DC showed differences among all groups, except at the top between 24 and 48 J/cm2. Rpmax was similar among all groups at the same surface and statistically higher at the top surface. PS also showed significant differences among all groups. Data for 48 J/cm2 were not obtained due to specimen failure at the glass/composite interface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increases in irradiant exposure led to significant increases in DC and PS, but had no effect on Rpmax.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, FOUSP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Calheiros
authors.forename: Márcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daronch
authors.forename: Frederick A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Rueggeberg
authors.forename: Roberto R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Braga
mesh_terms: D017609:Barium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008422:Materials Testing; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017609:Barium Compounds; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D011108:Polymers; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D012821:Silanes; C102738:barium glass filler; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D012822:Silicon Dioxide