title: Escitalopram in the treatment of impulsive-compulsive internet usage disorder: an open-label trial followed by a double-blind discontinuation phase.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Isolated reports suggest that escitalopram may be effective for impulsive-compulsive Internet usage disorder (IC-IUD), an impulse-control disorder characterized by excessive time spent on the Internet at the expense of occupational, relationship, and social activities. To assess the safety and efficacy of escitalopram in IC-IUD, we conducted a 10-week, open-label trial followed by a 9-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled discontinuation phase.
  
  
  METHODS
  From December 2002 to October 2004, 19 adult subjects with IC-IUD (defined as time consuming, uncontrollable, distressing, and resulting in social, occupational, or financial difficulties) were enrolled. Escitalopram was started at 10 mg/day, then increased and maintained at 20 mg/day for 10 weeks at the end of which completers were randomly assigned to placebo or escitalopram for 9 additional weeks. Two key outcome measures were used: hours spent weekly in nonessential Internet use and overall clinical response (subjects rated "much improved" or "very much improved" on the Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scale [CGI-I]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen subjects completed the entire study. At the end of the 10th week of open-label esci-talopram, Internet usage decreased significantly from a mean of 36.8 hours/week at baseline to 16.5 hours/week (paired t test: t = 3.58; p = .002). In addition, 64.7% of the sample (N = 11) were considered CGI-I responders. At the end of the double-blind phase, there were no significant differences in outcome measures between patients taking placebo compared to escitalopram (analysis of variance with repeated measures, p > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients showed a significant improvement of IC-IUD symptoms during the open-label escitalopram phase. There was no significant difference between the escitalopram and placebo groups at the end of the subsequent double-blind phase; both groups maintained the gains made in the initial open-label treatment. Larger controlled trials are needed to investigate the efficacy of this and other pharmacologic agents in the treatment of IC-IUD.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00565422.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Compulsive and Impulsive Disorders Program, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dell'Osso
authors.forename: SallieJo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hadley
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Bryann
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Chaplin
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hollander
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015283:Citalopram / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015283:Citalopram; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors