title: Evaluation and characterization of generalized anxiety and depression in patients with primary brain tumors.
abstract: To determine clinical and sociodemographic factors that are associated with major neuropsychiatric illnesses among brain tumor patients, we administered a modified version of the Brief Patient Health Questionnaire and a demographic data form to 363 adult neuro-oncology patients. Responses were analyzed to assess for associations between demographic variables, clinical variables, and symptoms consistent with diagnoses of generalized anxiety disorder and/or depression. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that female gender was associated with the presence of symptoms of anxiety, depression, and combined anxiety and depression. Lower WHO tumor grade classifications, lower education level, and a history of psychiatric illness also emerged as important predictors of symptoms consistent with anxiety and/or depression. Marital status and presence of past/current medical illness trended toward being significantly associated with depression alone. Patient use of psychiatric medication was not associated with any study variables. Results of the present study suggest several hypotheses to test with neuro-oncology patients in further longitudinal analyses, which would benefit from the inclusion of a wider range of neuropsychiatric symptoms in conjunction with neurocognitive and functional impairment variables.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Staci D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Leslie M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Forman
authors.forename: Bart D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Brigidi
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Holly A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Schweitzer
authors.forename: Heather E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: A Bebe
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Guill
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Herndon
authors.forename: Renee H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Raynor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires