Cause-specific mortality of dialysis patients after coronary revascularization: why don't dialysis patients have better survival after coronary intervention?
BACKGROUND
The risk of death after coronary revascularization is markedly higher for dialysis patients than for the general population and the cause is inadequately explained. We analyzed cause-specific mortality of dialysis patients after coronary revascularization.


METHODS
This was a retrospective analysis of dialysis patients hospitalized for first surgical coronary revascularization after renal replacement therapy initiation from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2002. Patients were identified from the US Renal Data System database (n = 1,516,251) by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, Clinical Modification code for coronary artery bypass (CAB) surgery (36.1x). Endpoints were deaths due to all causes, all cardiac causes, cardiac arrest or arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, infection and other causes. Cause-specific mortality information was obtained from Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services End-Stage Renal Disease Death Notification form (CMS 2746-U3).


RESULTS
For CAB patients (n = 5830), the all-cause mortality rate was 290 per 1000 patient-years and the rate for arrhythmically mediated deaths was 76 per 1000 patient-years. The largest cause of attributable mortality is cardiac arrest or arrhythmia, accounting for approximately one-fourth of all-cause mortality.


CONCLUSIONS
The risk of arrhythmically mediated death may contribute to poor long-term outcomes after coronary revascularization in dialysis patients. A treatment strategy employing coronary revascularization and other interventions to reduce the sudden cardiac death risk might improve long-term survival.
Herzog
Charles A
CA
Cardiovascular Special Studies Center, United States Renal Data System, 914 South 8th Street, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA. cherzog@usrds.org
Strief
Jeremy W
JW
Collins
Allan J
AJ
Gilbertson
David T
DT
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000401:mortality; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000401:mortality; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis / Q000401:mortality; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000401:mortality*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000401:mortality*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology