title: Expression of pancreatitis associated proteins in urothelium and urinary afferent neurons following cyclophosphamide induced cystitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the expression profile of the members of the pancreatitis associated proteins/regenerating gene family in the bladder and in the primary afferent neurons of dorsal root ganglia using an animal model of cystitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the expression of pancreatitis-associated protein-I and pancreatitis-associated protein-III in the bladder and the dorsal root ganglia of female rats 4 hours, 48 hours or 10 days after cyclophosphamide (Sigma) injection using immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No pancreatitis-associated protein-III immunoreactivity was identified in control bladders but prominent expression was observed in the urothelium of animals with chronic cystitis. Cells expressing pancreatitis-associated protein-I were seen in the dorsal root ganglia but not in the bladder. In normal dorsal root ganglia pancreatitis-associated protein-I was expressed in a minor population of small diameter neurons (2.4%) that were also positive for isolectin-B4. However, by 10 days following the onset of cystitis the number of pancreatitis-associated protein-I positive neurons was increased (7.6%) and pancreatitis-associated protein-I immunoreactivity was further observed in a slightly larger group of neurons and tyrosine kinase A positive small neurons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current results suggest that pancreatitis-associated protein-III is associated with bladder inflammation and they implicate pancreatitis-associated protein-I in the abnormal sensation in cystitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Mitsuyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D003556:Cystitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000235:genetics*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000378:metabolism; D009676:Noxae / Q000009:adverse effects; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019459:Urothelium / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D009676:Noxae; D000073718:Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins; C000612141:REG3A protein, human; C000612144:Reg3b protein, rat; C000612145:Reg3g protein, rat; D003520:Cyclophosphamide