Smoking affects prognosis after lung cancer surgery.
OBJECTIVE
To study the effects of smoking on the postoperative outcome of lung cancer surgery.


METHODS
The subjects were 571 patients who underwent surgery for primary lung cancer. The patients were divided into the following groups according to their smoking history: a nonsmoker group (n = 218), a former smoker group (n = 140), and a current smoker group (n = 213).


RESULTS
The 5-year survival rates were 56.2%, 40.9%, and 34.0% in the nonsmoker, former smoker, and current smoker groups, respectively. These differences were significant. According to a multivariable analysis, smoking was a significant factor affecting the postoperative prognosis of patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer. In analyzing the causes of death, there were more deaths caused by other diseases such as multiple organ cancer, respiratory disorder, cardiovascular disease, and surgery-related events in the former smoker and current smoker groups than in the nonsmoker group.


CONCLUSIONS
Smoking was significantly predictive of a poor prognosis after lung cancer surgery.
Nakamura
Hiroshige
H
Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Tottori University Hospital, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan.
Haruki
Tomohiro
T
Adachi
Yoshin
Y
Fujioka
Shinji
S
Miwa
Ken
K
Taniguchi
Yuji
Y
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*