title: Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: what about replacing the Double-J stent with a ureteral catheter?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility and safety of replacing the Double-J stent with a ureteral catheter in tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).
  
  
  METHODS
  From August 1998 to February 2007, 33 patients underwent tubeless PCNL for renal calculi by the same surgeon. A retrograde 7F ureteral catheter was placed at the beginning of the surgery in all patients. A nephrostomy tube was not used in any patient. At the end of the procedure, the working tract was electrocauterized using a 26F resectoscope with a rollerball electrode; no hemostatic sealant was used. The ureteral catheter was the sole means of drainage left in place. The incidence and type of complications, the operative time, the length of hospitalization, the rate of transfusion, and the degree of pain were obtained by chart review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this group of patients, the mean stone burden was 17.25 mm. The mean operative time was 71.5 min. The mean length of hospitalization was 1.9 day (range 1 to 7 days). The mean hemoglobin decrease was 0.8 g/dL. No blood transfusions were needed. The mean visual analog pain intensity scale was 1.87. Complications developed in five (15%) patients, of whom one needed a Double-J stent placement. The complications were pyelonephritis, urinary extravasation, sustained hematuria, and renal colic. The ureteral catheter was removed by postoperative day 1 in 91% of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Replacing the Double-J stent with a ureteral catheter in tubeless PCNL is an effective procedure and can be performed in patients with a moderate stone burden. The electrocauterization of the bleeding points at the end of percutaneous renal surgery with a rollerball resectoscope is safe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France. pmouracade@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mouracade
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spie
authors.forename: Herve
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jacqmin
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saussine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014567:Urography