title: Effects of increasing time delays on pitch-matching accuracy in trained singers and untrained individuals.
abstract: Trained singers (TS) generally demonstrate accurate pitch matching, but this ability varies within the general population. Pitch-matching accuracy, given increasing silence intervals of 5, 15, and 25 seconds between target tones and vocal matches, was investigated in TS and untrained individuals. A relationship between pitch discrimination and pitch matching was also examined. Thirty-two females (20-30 years) were grouped based on individual vocal training and performance in an immediate pitch-matching task. Participants matched target pitches following time delays, and completed a pitch discrimination task, which required the classification of two tones as same or different. TS and untrained accurate participants performed comparably on all pitch-matching tasks, while untrained inaccurate participants performed significantly less accurately than the other two groups. Performances declined across groups as intervals of silence increased, suggesting degradation of pitch matching as pitch memory was taxed. A significant relationship between pitch discrimination and pitch matching was revealed across participants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech Pathology & Audiology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA. jestis@usouthal.edu
authors.forename: Julie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Estis
authors.forename: Joana K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Coblentz
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D009146:Music; D010897:Pitch Discrimination; D011361:Professional Competence; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014831:Voice; D055815:Young Adult