title: Noninvasive estimation of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure using tissue Doppler imaging combined with pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography in patients with ventricular septal defects: a comparison with the plasma levels of the B-type natriuretic Peptide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are limited data regarding whether the ratio of the peak transmitral flow velocity during early diastole (E) to the peak mitral annular velocity during early diastole (Ea) obtained by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and the plasma levels of the B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) are useful for evaluating the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in children with ventricular septal defects (VSD). We investigated the validity of noninvasive estimation of the LVEDP in VSD infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 48 patients (mean age, 9 +/- 6 months). Using pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography and TDI, E and Ea were measured to calculate the E/Ea ratio. The LVEDP and the ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp/Qs) were determined invasively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant positive correlations between E and both the LVEDP value and the Qp/Qs ratio. In contrast, Ea showed significant negative correlations with the LVEDP value and Qp/Qs ratio. The E/Ea ratio correlated significantly with the LVEDP value and Qp/Qs ratio. The plasma BNP levels correlated significantly with the Qp/Qs ratio, although they did not show a significant correlation with the LVEDP. An E/Ea ratio of >9.8 indicated patients with a LVEDP of >10 mmHg with a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 80%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TDI combined with pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography predicted the LVEDP of VSD infants, whereas the plasma BNP value did not have a significant association with the LVEDP.
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics, Reproductive and Developmental Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oyamada
authors.forename: Manatomo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toyono
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Mieko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoki-Okazaki
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed; D005260:Female; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D017725:Ventricular Pressure
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain