A pilot community-based intensive smoking cessation intervention in African Americans: feasibility, acceptability and early outcome indicators.
Few intensive and community-based smoking cessation treatment programs have been designed for African-American smokers, a group who experiences numerous health disparities associated with cigarette smoking. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility, acceptability and biochemically verified early outcome indicators in a community-based comprehensive smoking cessation program in 50 urban, low- and middle-income African-American smokers. The intervention was an intensive six-session group program delivered in the community and a one-month supply of the transdermal nicotine patch. Results showed 74% of enrolled participants completed the program and 51% of participants were highly adherent to patch use guidelines. Intent-to-treat analyses revealed that 34% of participants were biochemically confirmed as having quit smoking at one month post quit date. Smoking urges and depressive symptoms also declined significantly during the first month. At three- and six-month follow-up, biochemically confirmed quit rates were 22% and 18%, respectively. Adherence to nicotine patch use, higher ratings of the perceived helpfulness of self-monitoring tasks (wrap sheets) and lower depression scores at baseline all significantly predicted quitting success during the first month of treatment (all p's<0.05). Larger studies are warranted to examine targeted treatment elements and individual difference factors to enhance cessation outcomes in African-American smokers.
King
Andrea
A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, IL 60637, USA. aking@bsd.uchicago.edu
Sánchez-Johnsen
Lisa
L
Van Orman
Sarah
S
Cao
Dingcai
D
Matthews
Alicia
A
D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011314:Preventive Health Services; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011581:Psychological Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder; D016896:Treatment Outcome