title: A simple method to estimate the optimum iodine concentration of contrast material through microcatheters: hydrodynamic calculation with spreadsheet software.
abstract: It is important to increase the iodine delivery rate (I), that is the iodine concentration of the contrast material (C) x the flow rate of the contrast material (Q), through microcatheters to obtain arteriograms of the highest contrast. It is known that C is an important factor that influences I. The purpose of this study is to establish a method of hydrodynamic calculation of the optimum iodine concentration (i.e., the iodine concentration at which I becomes maximum) of the contrast material and its flow rate through commercially available microcatheters. Iopamidol, ioversol and iohexol of ten iodine concentrations were used. Iodine delivery rates (I meas) of each contrast material through ten microcatheters were measured. The calculated iodine delivery rate (I cal) and calculated optimum iodine concentration (calculated C opt) were obtained with spreadsheet software. The agreement between I cal and I meas was studied by correlation and logarithmic Bland-Altman analyses. The value of the calculated C opt was within the optimum range of iodine concentrations (i.e. the range of iodine concentrations at which I meas becomes 90% or more of the maximum) in all cases. A good correlation between I cal and I meas (I cal = 1.08 I meas, r = 0.99) was observed. Logarithmic Bland-Altman analysis showed that the 95% confidence interval of I cal/I meas was between 0.82 and 1.29. In conclusion, hydrodynamic calculation with spreadsheet software is an accurate, generally applicable and cost-saving method to estimate the value of the optimum iodine concentration and its flow rate through microcatheters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mizonokuchi Hospital, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Mizonokuchi 3-8-3, Takatsu, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 2138507, Japan. yam@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Teiyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furui
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kohshiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Choichiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Futami
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsukiyama
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D007455:Iodine / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007455:Iodine