title: Effect of a long-term treatment with a low-dose granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on post-infarction process in the heart.
abstract: Although beneficial effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) have been demonstrated on post-myocardia infarction (MI) process, the mechanisms and feasibility are not fully agreed yet. We investigated effects of a long-term treatment with a low-dose G-CSF started 1 day after the onset of MI, on post-infarction process. One day after being made MI by left coronary ligation, mice were given G-CSF (10 microg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. The G-CSF treatment resulted in a significant mitigation of cardiac remodelling and dysfunction. In the G-CSF-treated hearts, the infarcted scar was smaller with less fibrosis and abundant vessels while in the non-infarcted area, hypertrophic cardiomyocytes with attenuated degenerative changes and reduced fibrosis were apparent. These effects were accompanied by activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Akt and also by up-regulation of GATA-4, myosin heavy chain and matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9. Apoptosis of cardiomyocytes appeared insignificant at any stages. Parthenolide, a STAT3 inhibitor, completely abolished the beneficial effects of G-CSF on cardiac function and remodelling with loss of effect on both anti-cardiomyocyte degeneration and anti-fibrosis. In contrast, wortmannin, an Akt inhibitor, did not affect G-CSF-induced benefits despite cancelling vessel increase. In conclusion, treatment with G-CSF at a small dose but for a long duration beneficially affects the post-infarction process possibly through STAT3-mediated anti-cardiomyocyte degeneration and anti-fibrosis, but not through anti-cardiomyocyte apoptosis or Akt-mediated angio-genesis. The findings may also imply a more feasible way of G-CSF administration in the clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Genzou
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Yiwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Takamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Longhu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rumi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Masayasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esaki
authors.forename: Shusaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanamori
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: Munehiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minatoguchi
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Hisayoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006801:Humans; D053612:Janus Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D053612:Janus Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt