title: Micronization increases vitamin E carrying and releasing abilities of insoluble fiber.
abstract: This study was to investigate the effects of micronization on vitamin-carrying capacity and slow-release ability of carambola (starfruit) insoluble fiber (IF) and cellulose using in vitro and in vivomodels. Upon micronization, carambola IF (8.1 microm) underwent structural changes to expose more functional groups in the fiber matrix and to exhibit higher oil-holding capacity ( approximately 20.4-fold). Micronized fibers in forms of fiber-vitamin composites, particularly the micronized carambola IF-vitamin composite, were capable of carrying vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) up to 9.6-fold over their unmicronized forms and releasing nutrient gradually. Animal studies demonstrated that the adminstration of micronized carambola IF-vitamin composite could maintain the plasma vitamin E of rats at relatively higher levels (2.1-3.6-fold of the initial values) for at least 5 h. The results suggested that micronized fibers, particularly the micronized carambola IF, could be exploited as potential nutrient carriers in food applications and also be used to produce slow-release formulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Pang-Kuei
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Po-Jung
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Chi-Fai
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012995:Solubility; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004337:Drug Carriers; D014810:Vitamin E; D002482:Cellulose