title: Counseling and testing TB patients for HIV: evaluation of three implementation models in Kinshasa, Congo.
abstract: METHODS
  Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the implementation of three models of provider-initiated HIV counseling and testing (CT) for tuberculosis (TB) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV CT was offered to all TB patients aged > or =18 months registered for treatment at three project clinics between August 2004 and June 2005. HIV CT was performed at the TB clinic, the health center or the freestanding voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center. HIV-infected patients received cotrimoxazole prophylaxis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Uptake of HIV CT was high (95-98%) when performed at the TB clinic or primary health care center, but significantly lower (68.5%) among patients referred to a free-standing VCT center. The overall HIV prevalence among the 1088 patients tested for HIV was 18.8%. HIV was associated with female sex (aOR 1.91), recurrent TB (aOR 2.74), extra-pulmonary TB (aOR 1.97) and age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implementation of provider-initiated routine HIV CT by the TB nurse or health care worker at the primary health care center results in a higher uptake compared to referral of patients with TB to freestanding VCT clinics. Provider-initiated HIV CT is only a first step and needs to be linked to access to HIV care, support and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7435, USA. vanrie@email.unc.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Rie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sabue
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jarrett
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Westreich
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Behets
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kokolomani
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Bahati
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015023:Democratic Republic of the Congo / Q000453:epidemiology; D037001:Directive Counseling / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D035141:Voluntary Programs / Q000458:organization & administration*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination