title: "Torsade de pointes" during amiodarone infusion in a cirrhotic woman with a prolonged QT interval.
abstract: We describe an interesting case of a woman with decompensated cirrhosis, ischaemic heart disease and prolonged QT interval, who developed a new-onset atrial fibrillation. During amiodarone infusion a torsade de pointes occurred, which was immediately converted to sinus rhythm by synchronized cardioversion. A new episode of atrial fibrillation was treated with infusion of a beta-blocker (metoprolol) that restored sinus rhythm and normalized the QT interval. Delayed repolarization, frequently observed in ischaemic heart disease, cirrhosis and pro-arrhythmic drugs administration, represents the background for the development of torsade de pointes. Our report underlines that the potential harmfulness of a prolonged QT interval in cirrhotic patients is currently not perceived in its entirety, so that various categories of drugs affecting ventricular repolarization are rather thoughtlessly used in clinical practice without monitoring the QT interval. Thus, amiodarone should be avoided, if possible, or used with extreme care in arrhythmic patients with advanced liver disease. Moreover, beta-blockers may be considered the first-line treatment for rate-control during supraventricular tachyarrhythmias in cirrhotic patients with delayed repolarization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardioangiology and Hepatololgy Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Micoli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zambruni
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bracci
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Benazzi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zappoli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berzigotti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zoli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trevisani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D013617:Tachycardia, Supraventricular / Q000188:drug therapy; D016171:Torsades de Pointes / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000638:Amiodarone