title: A case of intractable epilepsy in a double cortex syndrome.
abstract: This article describes a very rare case of a double cortex syndrome in a man aged 32 years old who started from the age of 14 years having seizures and many other epileptic manifestations that continue to the present age, being always intractable to various therapeutic regimes. The neuroimaging revealed cortical ectopias in the cingulum, the visual cortex, in the middle part of the superior temporal gyrus, in the frontal pole as well as in the middle area of precentral gyrus. This article attempts to underline the behavioral disturbances, the learning difficulties, the psychological fluctuations, and the multitude of the seizures that have been released during the clinical course of the patient. The article attempts to correlate the clinical phenomena of the patient and the resistance to therapeutical interventions with the morphological changes as they have been visualized by the neuroimaging techniques, reviewing in addition relevant cases from the literature.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aristotelian University, Thessaloniki, Greece. efrosin@hol.gr
authors.forename: Ephrosyni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koutsouraki
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Timplalexi
authors.forename: Zoe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baloyannis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities; D054221:Classical Lissencephalies and Subcortical Band Heterotopias / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants