title: Flame retardants (PBDEs) in marine turtles, dugongs and seafood from Queensland, Australia.
abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as flame retardants in numerous products. These compounds have been found to enter the marine environment where they have the potential to bioaccumulate in biota. Limited information is currently available concerning the levels of PBDEs in Australian marine wildlife. This study presents baseline information on PBDE levels in a variety of marine species from Queensland, Australia and considers the influence of species-specific factors on contaminant levels and tissue distribution in marine turtles. Overall, the PBDE levels measured in this study are relatively low compared to marine biota from the northern hemisphere, indicating low level input into the marine system of Queensland. This is in general agreement with global estimates which suggest low PBDE usage in Australia. Previous studies, however, have found relatively high PBDE levels in Australian human milk and sera. This discrepancy in contamination trends between terrestrial and marine biota suggests that future transport of PBDEs may occur to the marine system in Australia.
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), University of Queensland, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains 4108, Queensland (Qld), Australia. siobhan@uq.edu.au
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hermanussen
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Päpke
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Limpus
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaus
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D020454:Dugong / Q000502:physiology*; D005399:Fishes / Q000502:physiology; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008386:Marine Biology; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011793:Queensland; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014426:Turtles / Q000502:physiology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C086401:pentabromodiphenyl ether