Endoscopic treatment of facial fractures.
The application of endoscopic surgical techniques to the treatment of craniomaxillofacial fractures not only has decreased the morbidity associated with the surgical approaches but has significantly altered the treatment philosophy for many types of fracture. Frontal sinus fractures, orbital floor fractures, zygomatic arch fractures, and subcondylar mandible fractures are the most notable examples where endoscopic techniques have found acceptance.
Mueller
Reid
R
Division of Plastic Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005626:Frontal Sinus / Q000293:injuries; D006801:Humans; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000293:injuries; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000601:surgery; D008446:Maxillofacial Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000601:surgery; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000601:surgery