title: Prognostic significance of expression of CCL5/RANTES receptors in patients with gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The clinical significance of CCL5 has been reported in several malignancies. In this study, we examined the prognostic impact of serum CCL5 levels and the expression of CCL5 receptors on tumor cells in patients with gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum CCL5 levels in patients with gastric cancer were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. Immunohistochemical staining of three chemokine receptors, CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5, which are known as CCL5 receptors, was performed in gastric cancer tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that serum CCL5 levels themselves had no impact on survival; however, higher serum CCL5 concentrations were associated with more advanced disease. Eighty-six (41%), 48 (23%), and 60 patients (28%) showed positive expression of CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5, respectively, on gastric cancer cells. Among the patients who underwent curative resection for stages II-IV disease, patients with positive CCR3 expression had significantly lower survival rates compared to those with negative CCR3 expression. Unlike CCR1, positive CCR5 expression was also associated with poorer prognosis. Multivariate analysis revealed that expression of CCR3 and/or CCR5 was an independent prognostic factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tumor expression of CCR3 and/or CCR5 (receptors for CCL5) is associated with a lower survival rate in patients with gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan. grd1807@ndmc.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugasawa
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikura
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Daisaku
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chochi
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Shuhji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: C483024:CCL5 protein, human; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine