title: Characterization of power wheelchair use in the home and community.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the use of power wheelchairs and to determine if multiple measures of mobility and occupancy jointly provide a more comprehensive picture of wheelchair usage and daily activity in full-time power wheelchair users than daily distance alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects' everyday mobility was measured in their homes and communities for 2 weeks, and prompted recall interviews were conducted by phone.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample (N=25) of nonambulatory, full-time power wheelchair users.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wheelchair usage was logged electronically, and geolocation and interview data were used to isolate chair use to (1) in the home, (2) not in the home indoors, or (3) outdoors. Distance wheeled, time spent wheeling, number of bouts, time spent in the wheelchair, and the percentage of time in the wheelchair spent wheeling were measured to describe wheelchair use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median wheelchair user spent 10.6 hours (range, 5.0-16.6h) in his/her wheelchair daily and wheeled 1.085 km (range, 0.238-10.585 km) over 58 minutes (range, 16-173 min) and 110 bouts (range, 36-282 bouts). Wheelchair use varied across subjects, within subjects from day to day, and between environments. Mobility bouts outdoors were longer and faster than those wheeled indoors. In a regression analysis, distance wheeled explained only 33% of the variation in the number of bouts and 75% in the time spent wheeling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Power wheelchair use varies widely both within and between users. Measuring distance, time, and number of bouts provides a clearer picture of mobility patterns than measuring distance alone, whereas occupancy helps to measure wheelchair function in daily activities.
authors.affiliation: Center for Assistive Technology and Environmental Access, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. sharon.sonenblum@coa.gatech.edu
authors.forename: Sharon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Sonenblum
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sprigle
authors.forename: Frances H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Christine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Maurer
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001107:Architectural Accessibility; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004560:Electricity; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004779:Environment Design; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006701:Home Nursing; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014910:Wheelchairs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*