Glucosylglycerate is an osmotic solute and an extracellular metabolite produced by Streptomyces caelestis.
Streptomyces caelestis DSM 40084 produces two osmolytes, viz. 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-zeta-glyceric acid (GG) and trehalose. Both compounds were isolated and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. A very sensitive regulation of the cell osmolytes was demonstrated in exponentially growing cultures. The intracellular levels of GG and trehalose increased 2x in response to a step change of medium osmolarity caused by 0.3% NaCl. 1H NMR analysis of the cell extracts did not confirm the presence of additional osmolytes. GG is a S. caelestis metabolite commonly released from the cells; its concentration reached 3 g/L during the cultivation in a yeast extract--(NH4)2SO4-glycerol medium. This is the first report on the occurrence of the ionic osmolyte GG in the genus Streptomyces and on its free excretion to the medium.
Pospísl
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Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague, Czechia. spospis@biomed.cas.cz
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Petrícek
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Sedmera
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D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005988:Glyceric Acids / Q000819:agonists / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D009995:Osmosis; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014199:Trehalose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
D003470:Culture Media; D004187:Disaccharides; D005988:Glyceric Acids; C042971:glyceric acid; D014199:Trehalose