title: Attenuated cold storage injury of rat livers using a modified HTK solution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preservation injury is a main factor leading to graft failure in liver transplantation. The aim of the study was to minimize preservation injury by modifications of the histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate (HTK) solution (incorporation of N-acetyl-histidine, aspartate, glycine, alanine, and arginine).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out in rats and subdivided into four parts. (1) Systemic toxicity of the modified HTK solution in comparison to the standard HTK solution was tested. (2) Hemodynamic and microcirculatory parameters were analyzed after i.v. injection of the respective solution. (3) Preservation injury after cold storage for different periods of time was assessed microscopically. (4) Reperfusion injury was analyzed in the isolated perfused liver by enzyme release and bile production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood values, hemodynamic and microcirculatory parameters after i.v. and i.p. application did not significantly differ from control. The modified HTK solution led to an attenuated preservation injury after cold preservation for 24 h compared with standard HTK solution. There was a significantly decreased lactate dehydrogenase release after ischemia for 72 h and reperfusion using the modified solution. After 24 h cold storage and reperfusion the apoptosis index was reduced and bile production significantly increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Optimizing the HTK solution may be a promising therapeutic strategy for attenuation of cold storage injury.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Research, Department of General Surgery, Muenster University Hospital, Muenster, Germany. bahder@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bahde
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palmes
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gemsa
authors.forename: Evgeni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Minin
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Stratmann
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rauen
authors.forename: Hans-Ullrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Spiegel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011343:Procaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C039984:Bretschneider cardioplegic solution; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D008353:Mannitol; D011343:Procaine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005947:Glucose