title: Ice-Front Propagation Monitoring in Tissue by the use of Visible-Light Spectroscopy.
abstract: For demonstrating that visible-light spectroscopy can be used for ice-front detection within freezing tissue, proton magnetic resonance images were correlated to time-evolving transmittance spectra as an ice front progressed across a tissue sample. The experimental apparatus was designed to be compatible with magnetic resonance imaging, to produce one-dimensional freezing, and to allow both reflectance and transillumination emitter-detector configurations about a normally progressing planar ice front in chicken muscle. This demonstration has potentially important medical applications in cryopreservation (freezing of biological materials for preservation) and cryosurgery (destruction of tissue by freezing).
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Otten
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rubinsky
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Benaron