title: Effect of neoadjuvant therapy on local recurrence after resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is unknown whether neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, compared with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, decreases the rate of local recurrence after resection of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective case review of 102 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent pancreatic resection between 1993 and 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 102 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical resection, 19 (19%) had no additional treatment, 41 (40%) underwent adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and 42 (41%) were treated preoperatively with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Patients selected to receive neoadjuvant therapy were more likely to have locally advanced tumors. Based on initial CT scan, the percentage of patients with unresectable or borderline resectable tumors in the neoadjuvant group was 67%, compared with 22% in the adjuvant group. Nevertheless, patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were less likely to have a local recurrence develop than patients receiving adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (5% versus 34%, p = 0.02). For those patients with tumors determined to be resectable on initial CT scan, local recurrences were observed in 31% (10 of 32) of patients in the adjuvant therapy group, compared with only 7% (1 of 14) of the neoadjuvant group. Intraoperative radiation therapy, administered to 51% of patients, was not associated with a lower rate of local recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is associated with improved local tumor control in patients undergoing resection for pancreatic carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: J Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pipas
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: Bassem I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Zaki
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsapakos
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Colacchio
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wiener
authors.forename: Gregory H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Ripple
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Barth
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents