title: Induction chemotherapy with carboplatin, irinotecan, and paclitaxel followed by high dose three-dimension conformal thoracic radiotherapy (74 Gy) with concurrent carboplatin, paclitaxel, and gefitinib in unresectable stage IIIA and stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Combined modality therapy is a standard therapy for patients with unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Gefitinib is active in advanced NSCLC, and in preclinical models, it potentiates the activity of radiation therapy. We investigate the tolerability of gefitinib in combined modality therapy in combination with three-dimensional thoracic conformal radiation therapy (3-dimensional TCRT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Stage III patients with a good performance status were treated with induction chemotherapy (carboplatin area under the curve [AUC] of 5, irinotecan 100 mg/m(2), and paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) days 1 and 22) with pegfilgrastim support followed by concurrent chemotherapy (carboplatin AUC 2, and paclitaxel 45 mg/m(2) weekly) and gefitinib 250 mg daily beginning on day 43 with 3-dimensional TCRT to 74 Gy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between March 2004 and January 2006, 23 patients received treatment on the trial: median age 62 years (range 44-82), 52% female, 61% stage IIIA, 61% performance status 0, 17% > or =5% weight loss, and 91% underwent positron emission tomography staging. Induction chemotherapy with pegfilgrastim support was well tolerated and active (partial response rate, 24%; stable disease, 76%; and early progression, 0%). Twenty-one patients initiated the concurrent chemoradiation, and 20 patients completed therapy to 74 Gy. The primary toxicities of concurrent chemoradiation were grade 3 esophagitis (19.5%) and cardiac arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation) (9.5%). The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 9 months (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 7-13 months) and 16 months (95% CI: 10-20 months), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with induction chemotherapy and gefitinib concurrent with 3-dimensional TCRT has an acceptable toxicity and tolerability, but the survival results were disappointing.
authors.affiliation: Multidisciplinary Thoracic Oncology Program, 3009 Old Clinic Building CB 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7305, USA. Thomas_Stinchcombe@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Stinchcombe
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Carrie B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dominic T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: D Neil
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Jan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Halle
authors.forename: M Patricia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Julian G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Rosenman
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Socinski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D000075202:Contraindications; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D000077156:Gefitinib; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011799:Quinazolines; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D000077146:Irinotecan; D016190:Carboplatin; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D017239:Paclitaxel; D000077156:Gefitinib; D002166:Camptothecin