title: In-vehicle CO ingression: validation through field measurements and mass balance simulations.
abstract: In this study a mass balance modeling approach with measured out-vehicle carbon monoxide (CO) levels and trip-specific movement record as boundary conditions were used to simulate in-vehicle CO concentration profiles. The simulation results were coupled with field measurements to demonstrate the occurrence of CO ingression into the vehicle compartment from the engine combustion and/or exhaust return of the test vehicle. Agreement between field and simulation results was obtained for variable amounts of infiltrated CO equivalent to an in-vehicle emission rate of 250 to 1250 mg/h of CO depending on the vehicle ventilation settings.
authors.affiliation: School of Civil Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: Layale Abi
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Esber
authors.forename: Mutasem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Fadel
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001336:Automobiles; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D007861:Lebanon; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014691:Ventilation
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D002248:Carbon Monoxide