title: Hand-operated and rotary ProTaper instruments: a comparison of working time and number of rotations in simulated root canals.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the effective shaping time and number of rotations required by an endodontist working with hand and rotary ProTaper instruments to completely shape simulated root canals. Eighty Endo Training Blocks (curved canal shape) were used. Manual preflaring was performed with K-Flexofiles #08-10-12-15-17 and #20 Nitiflex at a working length of 18 mm. Specimens were then randomly assigned to 2 different groups (n = 40); group 1 was shaped by using hand ProTaper and group 2 with ProTaper rotary. The number of rotations made in the canal and the effective time required to achieve complete canal shaping were recorded for each instrument. Differences between groups were analyzed with the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test (P < .05). Hand ProTaper required significantly fewer rotations (P < .001) than rotary ProTaper, whereas the effective working time to fully shape the simulated canal was significantly higher (P < .001) with hand ProTaper.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. dampasq@libero.it
authors.forename: Damiano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pasqualini
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scotti
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tamagnone
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ellena
authors.forename: Elio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berutti
mesh_terms: D003762:Dental Instruments; D003765:Models, Dental; D011897:Random Allocation; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013997:Time Factors