title: The effect of heat-moisture exchanger and closed-circuit technique on airway climate during desflurane anesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed whether closed-circuit anesthesia (CCA) could provide a more favorable airway climate than semi-closed anesthesia (SCA), and we also determined the beneficial effect of heat moisture exchangers (HMEs) on the preservation of airway climate during desflurane anesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients scheduled for colorectal surgery (n = 10 for each group) were randomized to receive a fresh gas flow of 250 or 3000 ml.min(-1) with or without HMEs. Anesthesia was maintained by adjusting the inspired concentration of 6% desflurane. Absolute moisture and temperature of inspired gases were measured as the baseline value first at 5 min after tracheal intubation, and then at 10, 20, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min after the induction of anesthesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 120 min, the inspiratory humidity and temperature were higher in CCA than in SCA. The HME led to major improvements of the humidity (from 22.1 to 35.7 mg H(2)O.l(-1)) and temperature (from 23.6 degrees C to 31.5 degrees C) of anesthetic gases in the CCA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CCA was much more advantageous than SCA for maintaining the patient's airway climate during the 2-h study. The beneficial effect of HME on the airway climate should be emphasized, especially in patients undergoing general anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Cherng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Shung-Tai
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Wen-Jinn
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.forename: Ruei-Ming
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ta-Liang
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chung-Yuan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000764:Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077335:Desflurane; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000295:instrumentation; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D012119:Respiration; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane