title: Low-serum media and dynamic deformational loading in tissue engineering of articular cartilage.
abstract: High-serum media have been shown to produce significant improvement in the properties of tissue-engineered articular cartilage when applied in combination with dynamic deformational loading. To mitigate concerns regarding the culture variability introduced by serum, we examined the interplay between low-serum/ITS-supplemented media and dynamic deformational loading. Our results show that low serum/ITS supplementation does not support the same level of tissue formation as compared to high serum controls. In free-swelling culture, using a combination of ITS with concentrations of FBS above 2% negated the beneficial effects of ITS. Although there were beneficial effects with loading and 0.2%FBS + ITS, these constructs significantly underperformed relative to 20%FBS constructs. At 2%FBS + ITS, the free-swelling construct stiffness and composition approached or exceeded that of 20%FBS constructs. With dynamic loading, the properties of 2%FBS + ITS constructs were significantly lower than free-swelling controls and 20%FBS constructs by day 42. By priming the chondrocytes in 20%FBS prior to exposure to low-serum/ITS media, we observed that low-serum/ITS media produced significant enhancement in tissue properties compared to constructs grown continuously in 20%FBS.
authors.affiliation: Cellular Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, MC 8904, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Terri-Ann N
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Elizabeth S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Oswald
authors.forename: Timon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Mauck
authors.forename: Gerard A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ateshian
authors.forename: Clark T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free / Q000378:metabolism; D004548:Elasticity; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology*; D044967:Serum / Q000378:metabolism*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free