title: A randomized trial of the effects of reducing television viewing and computer use on body mass index in young children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of reducing television viewing and computer use on children's body mass index (BMI) as a risk factor for the development of overweight in young children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  University children's hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy children aged 4 to 7 years whose BMI was at or above the 75th BMI percentile for age and sex.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children were randomized to an intervention to reduce their television viewing and computer use by 50% vs a monitoring control group that did not reduce television viewing or computer use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Age- and sex-standardized BMI (zBMI), television viewing, energy intake, and physical activity were monitored every 6 months during 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children randomized to the intervention group showed greater reductions in targeted sedentary behavior (P < .001), zBMI (P < .05), and energy intake (P < .05) compared with the monitoring control group. Socioeconomic status moderated zBMI change (P = .01), with the experimental intervention working better among families of low socioeconomic status. Changes in targeted sedentary behavior mediated changes in zBMI (P < .05). The change in television viewing was related to the change in energy intake (P < .001) but not to the change in physical activity (P =.37).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reducing television viewing and computer use may have an important role in preventing obesity and in lowering BMI in young children, and these changes may be related more to changes in energy intake than to changes in physical activity.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Medicine Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Farber Hall, 3435 Main St, Room G56, Bldg 26, Buffalo, NY 14214-3000, USA. LHENET@acsu.buffalo.edu
authors.forename: Leonard H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: James N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Roemmich
authors.forename: Jodie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Rocco A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Paluch
authors.forename: Dana D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Winiewicz
authors.forename: Janene H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Fuerch
authors.forename: Thomas N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008838:Microcomputers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012923:Social Class; D013690:Television / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013997:Time Factors