title: Mycotoxins in breakfast cereals from the Canadian retail market: a 3-year survey.
abstract: One hundred and fifty-six samples of breakfast cereals were collected from the Canadian retail marketplace over a 3-year period. The samples were analysed for the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, HT-2 toxin, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, and fumonisins B1 and B2 to contribute to dietary exposure estimates in support of the development of Canadian guidelines for selected mycotoxins in foods. The samples included corn-, oat-, wheat- and rice-based cereals, as well as mixed-grain cereals, and were primarily from North American processors. Overall, deoxynivalenol was the most frequently detected mycotoxin--it was detected in over 40% of all samples analysed. Fumonisins and ochratoxin A were each detected in over 30% of all samples. Zearalenone was detected in over 20% of all samples. Nivalenol and HT-2 toxin were each detected in only one sample. The survey clearly demonstrated regular occurrence of low levels of multiple mycotoxins in breakfast cereals on the Canadian market.
authors.affiliation: Health Canada, Health Products and Food, Manitoba and Saskatchewan Region, Winnipeg, MB, R2J 3Y1, Canada.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Roscoe
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lombaert
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Huzel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Melietio
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kitchen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kotello
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krakalovich
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trelka
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis; D005670:Fusarium; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000032:analysis; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; D014255:Trichothecenes; C025589:ochratoxin A; C056933:fumonisin B1; D015025:Zearalenone; C038405:nivalenol; D013605:T-2 Toxin; C007262:deoxynivalenol; C012351:HT-2 toxin