title: Randomized clinical trial on the effects of the use of diluted adrenaline solution in reduction mammaplasty: same patient, same technique, same surgeon.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reduction mammaplasty is a very common operation in plastic surgery. Efforts have been made to reduce blood loss and to lower morbidity by infiltrating the breast with vasoconstrictor agents before resection. This is the first randomized clinical trial conducted on the same patient, by the same surgeon, and using the same operative technique to compare the effects of dilute adrenaline solution infiltration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients (100 breasts) who underwent bilateral simultaneous reduction mammaplasty had 0.9% saline and bupivacaine with adrenaline (1:500,000) infiltrated in one breast and 0.9% saline and bupivacaine infiltrated in the other breast.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant decrease in intraoperative blood loss in breasts infiltrated with adrenaline solution (p < 0.0001), with no increase in operating time or complication rate compared with breasts that had no adrenaline infiltration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of diluted adrenaline is a safe method of reducing the amount of intraoperative bleeding, with no increase in adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: Preston, United Kingdom From the Plastic Surgery Department, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soueid
authors.forename: Moditha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nawinne
authors.forename: Humayn
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D004837:Epinephrine