title: Stomaplasty--anterior advancement flap and lateral splaying of trachea, a simple and effective technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stomal stenosis after laryngectomy is a common and distressing complication. Once sets in, it is generally progressive, causes problems and needs active intervention.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate effectiveness of new simple method of stomaplasty in solving troublesome complication of stoma stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Charts of eight patients who underwent modified stomaplasty and completed 1 year were reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A modified anterior advancement flap and lateral splaying of trachea for stoma plasty are described. This involves excision of scar tissue of the anterior two-third of trachea and interposition of the defect with an inferiorly based triangular skin flap. The tracheo-esophageal-prosthesis (TEP) site is left untouched.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcome were measured in relation with need for further stenting or any other revision procedure required and ability to use TEP for speech production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients underwent stoma revision surgery. Median preprocedure stoma diameter was 10 mm vertically (range 8-12 mm) and 6 mm horizontally (range 5-10 mm). This could be improved to 25 mm (range 22-30 mm) vertically and 16 mm (range 14-20 mm) horizontally after stoma revision. At 1-year follow-up, the median measurements were 20 mm (range 16-26) vertically and 14 mm (range 12-18) horizontally. Postprocedure, one patient required intermittent stenting at nighttime. All patients could use the TEP effectively. One patient who underwent salvage laryngectomy following chemoradiotherapy developed flap dehiscence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is a simple and effective technique for stomaplasty. All patients treated with this technique had adequately large stoma for breathing and use of TEP.
authors.affiliation: Head and Neck Institute, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India.
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thankappan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kuriakose
mesh_terms: D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007825:Laryngectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D012086:Reoperation; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D054047:Surgical Stomas / Q000473:pathology*; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014139:Tracheostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome