High-resolution anoscopy in the diagnosis of anal cancer precursor lesions in renal graft recipients.
BACKGROUND
Renal graft recipients are one of the population groups known to be at high risk of developing anal cancer. This study investigated the presence of subclinical anal squamous intraepithelial lesions and the diagnostic ability of high-resolution anoscopy in detecting these lesions in renal graft recipients followed-up in Manaus.


METHODS
In a cross-sectional study, 50 renal graft recipients were interviewed and submitted to high-resolution anoscopy with biopsies of acetowhite lesions or of the anal transition zone mucosa when acetowhitening was absent. Considering the histopathological reports of the examined anal specimens as the gold standard, the diagnostic validation and precision measures of high-resolution anoscopy were calculated as well as the prevalence of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in the studied population.


RESULTS
In 42 renal graft recipients with satisfactory histopathological readings, prevalence of anal squamous intraepithelial lesions or condyloma acuminatum (ASIL-ACU) was 23.81%. Sensitivity of high-resolution anoscopy was 100%; specificity, 65.63%; positive predictive value, 47.62%; negative predictive value, 100%; and kappa coefficient, 0.48.


CONCLUSIONS
With a prevalence of 23.81% of subclinical ASIL-ACU lesions, the studied renal graft recipients had all these lesions detected by high-resolution anoscopy, notwithstanding most anal transition zone acetowhitened biopsied areas did not reveal histopathological aspects of anal cancer precursor lesions or condyloma acuminatum. Therefore, greater experience with the diagnostic tool was felt necessary to enhance its positive predictive value, specificity and diagnostic precision.
Tramujas da Costa e Silva
Ivan
I
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Federal University of Amazonas, Rua Afonso Pena, 1053, Manaus, Amazonas, 69020-160, Brazil. itramujas@ufam.edu.br
de Lima Ferreira
Luiz Carlos
LC
Santos Gimenez
Felicidad
F
Gonçalves Guimarães
Ricardo Alexandre
RA
Botinelly Fujimoto
Luciana
L
Barbosa Cabral
Celso Rômulo
CR
Venturim Mozzer
Renzo
R
de Souza Atala
Larissa
L
D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000473:pathology*; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012812:Sigmoidoscopy