title: Transverse testicular ectopia: a three-case report and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the embryologic, clinical, and therapeutic features of transverse testicular ectopia (TTE) and to review the literature on similar cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three cases of TTE were discovered accidentally during surgery for inguinal hernia and undescended testes; a persistent Müllerian duct syndrome (PMDS) was associated in 1 case. We also performed a literature search for other reports of TTE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A conservative surgical approach was chosen: transseptal orchiopexy was preferred in 2 cases and the Müllerian remnant was preserved in the first case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TTE is a rare anomaly that usually presents as a unilateral cryptorchidism and a contralateral descendent testis with an associated hernia. In suspected cases, laparoscopy and ultrasonographic evaluation may be helpful in diagnosing this condition before surgery. Surgery, transseptal orchiopexy, is highly recommended to manage TTE especially when vasa deferentia are fused. In case of PMDS, the authors preferred preserving Müllerian remnants because of the risk of vas deferens and testicular blood supply damage. Recently, laparoscopy is useful for both diagnosing and management of TTE and associated anomalies.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Surgery Department, Fattouma Bourguiba Teaching Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia. snaouar@laposte.net
authors.forename: Sahbi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naouar
authors.forename: Kais
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maazoun
authors.forename: Lassaad
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sahnoun
authors.forename: Riadh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jouini
authors.forename: Amine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ksia
authors.forename: Oumama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Elezzi
authors.forename: Imed
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krichene
authors.forename: Mongi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mekki
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belghith
authors.forename: Abdellatif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nouri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D013737:Testis / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery