title: Positive association of up-regulated Cripto-1 and down-regulated E-cadherin with tumour progression and poor prognosis in gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cripto-1 may be capable of up-regulating signalling molecules associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an important event characterized by loss of E-cadherin during malignant tumour progression and metastasis. The aim was to investigate the expression of Cripto-1 and E-cadherin in relation to clinicopathological features and patient prognosis of gastric cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of Cripto-1 and E-cadherin was studied by immunohistochemistry in 118 gastric cancer cases. Up-regulated Cripto-1 (CR+) was found in 54% (64/118) of cases, whereas down-regulated E-cadherin (E-cad-) was found in 70% (83/118) of cases. Either CR+ or E-cad- was associated with lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis and late TNM stage (P < 0.05). Patients with either CR- or E-cad+ showed higher 5-year survival rates than those with CR+ or E-cad- (P = 0.0012 and P = 0.0017, respectively). When combined, evaluation of these two proteins, simultaneous CR+ and E-cad- (CR+/E-cad-) in cancer was strongly associated with the above three aggressive clinicopathological features (P < 0.001) and indicated the worst patient survival (P = 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that CR+/E-cad- was an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined analysis of Cripto-1 and E-cadherin has significant value in evaluating the metastatic potential of gastric cancer and predicting patient prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: X-Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: L-H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: S-Q
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Z-J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: G-G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: A-P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C070636:TDGF1 protein, human; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor