title: Effects of galantamine on measures of attention: results from 2 clinical trials in Alzheimer disease patients with comparisons to donepezil.
abstract: Deficits in attention are present early in the course of Alzheimer disease (AD). Acetylcholine receptors are appealing molecular targets for intervention as cholinergic pathways are involved in the neurobiology of attention. For this reason, measures of attention were included in 2 independent, multicenter, randomized, parallel, controlled trials in subjects with AD comparing the effects of galantamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and postulated nicotinic receptor modulator, and donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. The attention battery of the Cognitive Drug Research computerized assessment system was used in both trials. Small magnitude, positive signals were observed for simple and choice reaction times for both compounds. Attention task performance tended to improve early for galantamine-treated subjects. A consistent temporal pattern of improvement was not observed in donepezil-treated subjects. Quantitative findings appeared more pronounced in subjects with moderate AD. Galantamine's proposed action as a nicotinic receptor modulator may bear on these findings. Improved attention may have positive effects on cognitive and functional outcomes for AD patients, although this hypothesis requires further study and validation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA. galvinj@neuro.wustl.edu
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Galvin
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cornblatt
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Newhouse
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ancoli-Israel
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wesnes
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sorra
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amatniek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077265:Donepezil; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005702:Galantamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007189:Indans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007189:Indans; D010880:Piperidines; D005702:Galantamine; D000077265:Donepezil