title: Passive and iontophoretic permeation of glipizide.
abstract: In vitro iontophoretic delivery of glipizide across the pigskin was investigated. The experiment was carried out at three different donor drug concentrations using cathodal iontophoresis (current density 0.5 mA cm(-2)) with corresponding passive controls. At all concentration levels, iontophoresis showed enhanced permeation rate compared to passive controls (P<0.01). For passive permeation, the steady-state flux significantly increased with the increase in donor drug concentration (P<0.01). Passive process followed zero-order profile while the profile was nonlinear in iontophoresis. Competition by chloride ions released in the cathode compartment could be the reason. Flux enhancement was highest at the lowest drug load and lowest at the highest drug load. The target flux of glipizide was calculated to be 0. 4147 micromol h(-1). As the highest flux obtained was 0.2727 micromol cm(-2) h(-1), it can be said that glipizide is a promising candidate for iontophoretic delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Bijaya
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Naresh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rajgor
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Desai
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D002021:Buffers; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004058:Diffusion; D005913:Glipizide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008566:Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000442:Octanols / Q000737:chemistry; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D002712:Chlorides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000442:Octanols; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D012996:Solutions; D005913:Glipizide