title: The correlation between pharyngeal narrowing and the severity of sleep-disordered breathing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between the degree or shape of pharyngeal narrowing as observed during the Muller maneuver and the severity of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 33 patients with SDB, and they underwent polysomnography (PSG). The degree of pharyngeal narrowing (grade I-IV) according to fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy with the Muller maneuver (FNMM) and the shape of pharyngeal narrowing were evaluated at different anatomical levels. These variables were compared with the total apnea hypopnea index (AHI), the supine AHI, and the lateral AHI obtained by PSG.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The retroglossal FNMM grades revealed significant correlation with total AHI (P = 0.030) and supine AHI (P = 0.012). The retropalatal FNMM grades were significantly correlated with lateral AHI (P = 0.020). The lateral-narrowing type at the retropalatal level is more significantly associated with higher total AHI compared with the anteroposterior-narrowing type (P = 0.010).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The anatomic level and the degree of pharyngeal narrowing observed during FNMM revealed a correlation with the AHIs of different sleeping positions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo Yeol
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwon Hyo
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Bok
authors.forename: Hun-Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Dhong
authors.forename: Seung-Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010614:Pharynx / Q000473:pathology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000473:pathology*