title: A prospective 12-week study of quetiapine in adolescents with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness, tolerability, and safety of quetiapine in adolescents with schizophrenia, schizophreniform, and schizoaffective disorders in a prospective open-label study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 56 subjects (all-subjects-treated, AST), ages 12-17, received 200-800 mg of quetiapine per day (forced titration to 400 mg within week 1; median study dose 600 mg/day at week 6) in Germany, 2002 through 2004. Primary outcome measure was the change of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score (based on the intent-to-treat (ITT) population, n = 52), secondary outcome measures were changes of PANSS subscales, severity of illness, subjective wellbeing, and safety/tolerability (the latter based on the AST population). Correlates of PANSS response (=50% reduction in PANSS total score) and discontinuation due to lack of effectiveness were analyzed by Cox regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven subjects (48%) completed the study; 17 subjects (30%) were discontinued due to lack of effectiveness. A significant reduction of PANSS total score (last observation carried forward, LOCF; p < 0.0001; effect size = 0.92) and of secondary effectiveness outcomes were detected. In all, 34.6% fulfilled the PANSS response criterion, correlated with the degree of PANSS total change within week 1. Somnolence (21.4%) and fatigue (17.9%) were the most frequent adverse events. A significant mean weight gain (6.2 kg) and mean decrease in total serum thyroxine (2.5 ng/dl) were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this sample of mostly drug-naïve patients with early-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorders, significant reductions in PANSS total and positive scores were detected. Controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings. The significant weight gain with its potentially severe medical consequences must be weighed against quetiapine's effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstrasse 174, 45147 Essen, Germany. bschimme@aol.com
authors.forename: Benno Graf
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Schimmelmann
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mehler-Wex
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: Constanze
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schulze-zur-Wiesch
authors.forename: Eginhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: Hans Henning
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Flechtner
authors.forename: Baerbel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gierow
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schulte-Markwort
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005221:Fatigue / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000187:drug effects; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D017211:Treatment Failure; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D013974:Thyroxine