title: Immunohistochemical evidence of caveolin-1 expression in the human fetal and neonatal striated muscle and absence in the adult's.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a 22-kd protein, which exerts essential roles in the regulation of cell proliferation and in transmembrane transport processes. It is mainly expressed in adipocytes, smooth muscle, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Its expression in striated muscle fibers is controversial. Indeed, most authors have attributed Cav-1 detection in striated muscle to endothelial cells, adipocytes, and fibroblasts secretion. Nonetheless, recent in vitro studies have shown that Cav-1 is expressed in L6 myoblasts and maintained during the differentiation process. In view of this, and, because only one study has heretofore explored Cav-1 expression in human striated muscle, the aim of the present study was to evaluate and to compare Cav-1 immunohistochemical expression in the human striated muscles of fetus, newborn, and adult.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of skeletal muscles of different sites and of myocardium were taken at autopsy from 13 fetuses and 4 newborns and submitted to the immunohistochemical analysis for Cav-1 together with 10 samples of adult skeletal muscle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myocardial fibers displayed a weak immunoreaction in all samples, from both the newborns and the fetuses, independently of the week of gestation. Conversely, skeletal muscle fibers were only labeled in specimens from fetuses at late gestation and from the newborns, whereas no immunoreaction was evidenced in muscles taken from fetuses at mid-gestation and in the adult samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This novel and unexpected pattern of Cav-1 expression in human skeletal muscle suggests a role for Cav-1 in terminal differentiation processes, which need to be clarified by further studies.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Patologia Umana, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, Messina, Italy. valeriabarresi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barresi
authors.forename: Maddalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grosso
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barresi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D051242:Caveolin 1