title: Aryl methylene ketones and fluorinated methylene ketones as reversible inhibitors for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 3C-like proteinase.
abstract: The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus depends on a chymotrypsin-like cysteine proteinase (3CL(pro)) to process the translated polyproteins to functional viral proteins. This enzyme is a target for the design of potential anti-SARS drugs. A series of ketones and corresponding mono- and di-fluoro ketones having two or three aromatic rings were synthesized as possible reversible inhibitors of SARS 3CL(pro). The design was based on previously established potent inhibition of the enzyme by oxa analogues (esters), which also act as substrates. Structure-activity relationships and modeling studies indicate that three aromatic rings, including a 5-bromopyridin-3-yl moiety, are key features for good inhibition of SARS 3CL(pro). Compound 11d, 2-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)-1-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)furan-2-yl)ethanone and its alpha-monofluorinated analogue 12d, gave the best reversible inhibition with IC(50) values of 13 mircoM and 28 microM, respectively. In contrast to inhibitors having two aromatic rings, alpha-fluorination of compounds with three rings unexpectedly decreased the inhibitory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6G 2G2.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Carly
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huitema
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Michael N G
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Lindsay D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Eltis
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Vederas
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001665:Binding Sites; D000086782:Coronavirus 3C Proteases; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000737:chemistry; D005461:Fluorine / Q000737:chemistry*; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / Q000737:chemistry*; D007659:Ketones / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; D007659:Ketones; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D014764:Viral Proteins; D005461:Fluorine; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D000086782:Coronavirus 3C Proteases