title: An epidemic of sticky silicone oil at the Rotterdam Eye Hospital. Patient review and chemical analyses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report and study the phenomenon of abnormal silicone oil adherent to the retina at the time of removal in a number of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chart review was performed to identify possible patient or procedural factors that could predispose to sticky silicone oil formation. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses were performed on sticky silicone oil samples, on perfluorocarbon liquid and on silicone oil samples straight from the vial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sticky silicone oil remnants were seen on the retina in 28 out of 234 silicone oil removal procedures between January 2001 and November 2002. Forceful removal was complicated in two patients by a choroidal hemorrhage and in one patient by a retinal tear. The use of perfluoro-octane (PFO; C(8)F(18)) rather than perfluorodecalin (C(10)F(18)) was related to the phenomenon (P < 0.001). Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy analysis revealed a significant presence of PFO in samples of sticky silicone oil, and traces of partially fluorinated carbon liquid were found in the sticky oil as well as in the PFO samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of PFO may have been a predisposing factor for the occurrence of sticky silicone oil. While the presence of silicone oil remnants on the retina did not cause lasting side effect, forceful attempts at removal can lead to complications.
authors.affiliation: Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Schiedamsevest 180, 3000 LM Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Veckeneer
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Voogd
authors.forename: Eric W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Lindstedt
authors.forename: Dirk-Henning
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Menz
authors.forename: Jan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: van Meurs
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism*; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012827:Silicone Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; D012827:Silicone Oils; C008805:perfluorodecalin; C073608:perfluorooctane