title: Plasma IGF-1 levels and cognitive dysfunction in children with obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pediatric OSA is associated with substantial morbidity in cognitive function. However, for any given OSA severity level, altered cognitive performance may or may not be present. Since IGF-1 is neuroprotective, we hypothesized that higher systemic IGF-1 levels may identify children at lower susceptibility for cognitive morbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive habitually snoring and non-snoring children ages 5-7 years were recruited from the community, and underwent overnight polysomnography, and neurocognitive testing and a blood draw the next morning. Snoring children were divided into OSA or no OSA, and OSA children were further subdivided into those with >=2 abnormal cognitive subtests and into those with normal cognitive scores. Plasma levels of IGF-1 were also measured using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among snoring children without OSA, circulating IGF-1 was 910 +/- 110 pg/mL compared with 1070 +/- 240 pg/mL in those with OSA (p<0.01). However, IGF-1 was 540 +/- 70 pg/mL in children with OSA and cognitive deficits, compared to 1370 +/- 170 microg/L in children with OSA and normal cognitive scores (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IGF-1 levels are higher in children with OSA, particularly in those who do not manifest neurocognitive deficits, suggesting that the magnitude of the IGF-1 response elicited by OSA may play a significant protective role against the neurocognitive dysfunction associated with OSA.
authors.affiliation: Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, and Division of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Suite 204, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. david.gozal@louisville.edu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gozal
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sans Capdevila
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: McLaughlin Crabtree
authors.forename: Laura D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Serpero
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Witcher
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kheirandish-Gozal
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017286:Polysomnography; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D012913:Snoring / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I