title: Assessment of dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in mainstream smoke from selected US cigarette brands and reference cigarettes.
abstract: Mainstream cigarette smoke (MSS) from 12 US cigarette brands and two reference cigarettes was evaluated to determine concentrations of dioxins (i.e., polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)). The study included three 'tar' ranges based on Federal Trade Commission (FTC) determination: Low Yield (LY) < or = 5.5, Medium Yield (MY) 9.6-12.2, and High Yield (HY)> or = 14.5 mg/cig. Of the brands studied, the HY cigarettes yielded the greatest mean concentrations of 2005 World Health Organization Toxic Equivalents (WHO-TEQs) on a per cigarette basis. WHO-TEQ levels in LY cigarettes were significantly lower than for HY cigarettes (p=0.039) on a yield per cigarette basis and WHO-TEQ concentrations correlated with 'tar' yield (r=0.73, p=0.007), as did concentration on a WHO-TEQ per body mass per day basis (r=0.73, p=0.007). However, a statistically significant relationship was not observed between 'tar' yield levels and WHO-TEQ concentrations on a per mg Total Particulate Matter (TPM) basis. Concentrations for all brands tested ranged from 0.44 to 3.88 fg WHO-TEQ/mg TPM. Maximum daily exposure estimates calculated from this range (0.004-0.074 pg WHO-TEQ/kg bw/day) are below the current WHO Tolerable Daily Intake range of 1-5 pg/kg bw/day.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development, RJ Reynolds Tobacco Company, Winston-Salem, NC 27102, USA. wilsonc5@rjrt.com
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bodnar
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Potts
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Borgerding
mesh_terms: D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D005374:Filtration; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D012015:Reference Standards; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012906:Smoke / Q000032:analysis*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000737:chemistry*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012906:Smoke; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls