Nuclear receptors as drug targets in obesity, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis.
Nuclear hormone receptors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), liver X receptors (LXRs), and the farnesoid X receptor (FXR), are transcription factors involved in the regulation of essential metabolic functions, including glucose and lipid metabolism, reverse cholesterol transport, and the regulation of bile acids. This review summarizes new developments in the use of PPAR, LXR and FXR agonists for the treatment of obesity and cardiovascular diseases, including dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Currently available drugs and future areas of research for new therapies are also discussed.
Hansen
Michael K
MK
Wyeth Research, Discovery Translational Medicine, 500 Arcola Rd, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA. hansenm@wyeth.com
Connolly
Thomas M
TM
D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000187:drug effects; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000187:drug effects; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000187:drug effects; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000187:drug effects; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000187:drug effects*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000187:drug effects; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047493:PPAR alpha; D047494:PPAR delta; D047495:PPAR gamma; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated