title: Apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cells induced by Triptolide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells induced by Triptolide (TL), and the relationship between this apoptosis and expression of caspase-3' bcl-2 and bax.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 was cultured in DMEM media for this study. MTT assay was used to determine the cell growth inhibitory rate in vitro. Flow cytometry and TUNEL assay were used to detect the apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cells before and after TL treatment. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of apoptosis-associated gene caspase-3' bcl-2 and bax.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TL inhibited the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner. TL induced human pancreatic cancer cells to undergo apoptosis with typically apoptotic characteristics. TUNEL assay showed that after the treatment of human pancreatic cancer cells with 40 ng/mL TL for 12 h and 24 h, the apoptotic rates of human pancreatic cancer cells increased significantly. RT-PCR demonstrated that caspase-3 and bax were significantly up-regulated in SW1990 cells treated with TL while bcl-2 mRNA was not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TL is able to induce the apoptosis in human pancreatic cancer cells. This apoptosis may be mediated by up-regulating the expression of apoptosis-associated caspase-3 and bax gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China. zhouguoxiong@medmail.com.cn
authors.forename: Guo-Xiong
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiao-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jie-Fei
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sheng-Bao
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D029757:Tripterygium; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; C494826:BAX protein, human; D004224:Diterpenes; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C001899:triptolide; D053148:Caspase 3