title: Inheritance of occlusal topography: a twin study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This was to determine the relative contribution of genetic factors on the morphology of occlusal surfaces of mandibular primary first molars by employing the twin study model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The occlusal morphology of mandibular primary first molar teeth from dental casts of 9 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs and 12 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs 4 to 7 years old, were digitized by contact-type three-dimensional (3D) scanner. To compare the similarity of occlusal morphology between twin sets, each twin pair of occlusal surfaces was superimposed to establish the best fit by using computerized least squared techniques. Heritability was computed using a variance component model, adjusted for age and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DZ pairs demonstrated a greater degree of occlusal morphology variance. The total amount of difference in surface overlap was 0.0508 mm (0.0018 (inches) for the MZ (n=18) sample and 0.095 mm (0.0034 inches) for the DZ (n=24) sample and were not statistically significant (p=0.2203). The transformed mean differences were not statistically significantly different (p=0.2203). Heritability estimates of occlusal surface areas for right and left mandibular primary first molars were 97.5% and 98.2% (p<0.0001), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Occlusal morphology of DZ twin pairs was more variable than that of MZ twin pairs. Heritability estimates revealed that genetic factors strongly influence occlusal morphology of mandibular primary first molars.
authors.affiliation: Dept.Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: C-Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Corby
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Elliot
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Studen-Pavlovich
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Ranalli
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wessel
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Schork
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Bretz
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible; D003765:Models, Dental; D008963:Molar / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic / Q000235:genetics*; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics*