title: Phylogenetic analysis of bacteria associated with Laminaria saccharina.
abstract: Bacterial communities associated with the brown alga Laminaria saccharina from the Baltic Sea and from the North Sea were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. The rhizoid, cauloid, meristem and phyloid revealed different 16S rRNA gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis banding patterns indicating a specific association of bacterial communities with different parts of the alga. Associations with cauloid and meristem were more specific, while less specific associations were obtained from the old phyloid. In addition, seasonal and geographical differences in the associated communities were observed. Results from 16S rRNA gene libraries supported these findings. Bacterial phylotypes associated with the alga were affiliated with the Alphaproteobacteria (nine phylotypes), Gammaproteobacteria (nine phylotypes) and the Bacteroidetes group (four phylotypes). A number of bacteria associated with other algae and other marine macroorganisms were among the closest relatives of phylotypes associated with L. saccharina.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institut für Meereswissenschaften IFM-GEOMAR, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Staufenberger
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thiel
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiese
authors.forename: Johannes F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Imhoff
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D001454:Baltic States; D017753:Ecosystem; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel / Q000379:methods; D007795:Laminaria / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009659:North Sea; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S