title: Characterization of interleukin-1beta mRNA expression in chicken macrophages in response to avian reovirus.
abstract: Inhibitors of viral disassembly or RNA and protein synthesis, viral disassembly intermediates (infectious subviral particles, ISVP), binary ethylenimine-inactivated virions, and viral particles lacking genomic double-stranded (ds) RNA (empty particles) were used to assess the expression of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) mRNA in chicken (chIL-1beta) macrophages in response to avian reovirus. The results demonstrate that two distinct expression patterns of chIL-1beta mRNA mediated by different steps in viral replication were found. Viral disassembly was required for the induction of a rapid, transient expression pattern of chIL-1beta mRNA that was rapidly induced at 30 min, with maximal levels reached by 2 h, and fell to a low level within 6 h post-inoculation, while viral RNA synthesis rather than protein translation, which was subsequent to membrane penetration, was required to induce a stable, sustained expression pattern of chIL-1beta mRNA that occurred at and after 6 h post-inoculation. In addition, the induction of chIL-1beta mRNA expression by the empty particles and ISVP was extremely weak, compared with the active dsRNA(+) virions or binary ethylenimine-inactivated virions, suggesting that the presence of dsRNA, even if transcriptionally inactive, may be an important factor in this response.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan ROC.
authors.forename: Yung Fu
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan ROC.
authors.forename: Hung Jen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan ROC.
authors.forename: Jui Huang
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shien
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan ROC.
authors.forename: Shiow Her
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan ROC.
authors.forename: Long Huw
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001388:Aziridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D030101:Orthoreovirus, Avian / Q000187:drug effects; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D012088:Reoviridae Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D014771:Virion
chemical_list: D001388:Aziridines; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; C478655:binary ethyleneimine; D000643:Ammonium Chloride