title: Real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of members of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop real-time PCR assays for the detection and differentiation of members of the Mycoplasma mycoides cluster.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five real-time PCR assays were designed to allow differentiation of members of the M. mycoides cluster: an assay for detection of the M. mycoides subspecies, viz M. mycoides subsp mycoides large colony (MmmLC), M. mycoides subsp capri (Mmc), and M. mycoides subsp mycoides small colony (MmmSC); one for the detection of the M. capricolum subspecies, viz M. capricolum subsp capricolum (Mcc), M. capricolum subsp capripneumoniae (Mccp), and Mycoplasma sp bovine group 7 (BG7); and three for the specific detection of MmmSC, Mccp, and BG7. A panel of 74 Mycoplasma isolates from various geographical origins and a panel of 21 other bacterial isolates were used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The assays displayed 100% analytical sensitivity in detecting all target Mycoplasma isolates. The analytical detection limit for the assays to detect the M. mycoides subspecies, M. capricolum subspecies, and MmmSC was determined to be 100 fg of genomic DNA, while the Mccp and BG7 assays had a detection limit of 100 fg and 10 fg of genomic DNA, respectively. The M. mycoides subspecies assay had a detection limit of 10(3) (SD 10(2)) cfu/ml milk, 10(4) (SD 10(4)) cfu per swab, and 10(3) (SD 10(3)) cfu/g lung in inoculated samples. The assays displayed 100% specificity when applied to non-target bacterial isolates and to 110 culture-negative milk samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The assays were highly sensitive and specific, and provide accurate detection and differentiation of the members of the M. mycoides cluster.
authors.affiliation: Investigation and Diagnostic Centres, Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, PO Box 40742, Ward Street, Wallaceville, Upper Hutt, New Zealand. justine.fitzmaurice@maf.govt.nz.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fitzmaurice
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sewell
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manso-Silván
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Thiaucourt
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006041:Goats; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D009176:Mycoplasma mycoides / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012756:Sheep; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial