title: Minimizing creatine kinase variability in rats for neuromuscular research purposes.
abstract: Rat serum or plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity is widely used to evaluate myopathic processes, to test the myotoxicity of different drugs, or to analyse the benefits of emerging gene therapies in some neuromuscular disorders. However, great variability is found in this determination. The aim of this study has been to control some factors of variation in order to reduce variability and increase the reproducibility of analytical data. 8-10-week-old Wistar-Han rats were used. The study consisted of four sequential phases. Phase I aimed to analyse the effect of ether and isoflurane as anaesthetic drugs. The objective of Phase II was to evaluate bleeding rats via retro-orbital sinus vs. tail vein. Phases III and IV were designed as two separate, repeated measure experiments on two factors: habituation to laboratory handling procedures in Phase III and gender in Phase IV. The repeated factor was the storage temperature of blood sample prior to centrifugation. Ether did not significantly increased the CK value. Using isoflurane, getting rats accustomed to laboratory handling procedures and whole blood refrigeration prior to centrifugation and serum separation resulted in statistically significant reduction in CK value and variability. Male rats showed significantly higher values than female rats. In the light of our findings, CK value and variability in rats may be minimized by choosing tail vein as site of bleeding, getting rats accustomed to laboratory handling procedures and maintaining whole blood refrigerated until centrifugation and serum separation.
authors.affiliation: Unidad Experimental, Laboratorio Unificado, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain. mgoicoechea@chdo.osakidetza.net
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goicoechea
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cía
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: San José
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asensio
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Emparanza
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López de Cerain
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aldazabal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azpitarte
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Otaegui
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López de Munain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000009:adverse effects; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012034:Refrigeration; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000009:adverse effects; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003402:Creatine Kinase