title: The effects of mobile speed camera introduction on road traffic crashes and casualties in a rural county of England.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assesses the impact of crash and casualty numbers in correspondence to the introduction of mobile speed cameras in the rural county of Norfolk, England.
  
  
  METHODS
  Road traffic accident casualty and crash data were collected for two years before the introduction of cameras and two years subsequently. The casualties and crashes occurring at 29 camera sites were identified and separated from those occurring in the rest of the county. Trends in crashes and casualties, and their severity, were examined graphically and comparisons were made between before and after periods. The regression to the mean effect at individual sites was estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the introduction of cameras, overall crashes declined by 1% and crashes involving fatalities or serious injuries declined by 9% on the roads without cameras. At the camera sites, crashes decreased by 19% and fatal and serious crashes by 44%. The reduction in total crashes was significantly greater than that expected from the effect of regression to the mean in 12 out of 20 sites tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introduction of cameras appears to have resulted in real and measurable reductions in crash risk in this rural county.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest the deployment of mobile speed cameras is an effective tool for organizations wishing to reduce road traffic casualties in areas where high crash rates have been associated with excessive vehicle speeds.
authors.affiliation: School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, NR1 1LT, UK. a.p.jones@uea.ac.uk
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Violet
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sauerzapf
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haynes
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004739:England; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D035846:Law Enforcement; D010781:Photography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011482:Protective Devices; D012424:Rural Population; D012449:Safety