title: Combined buccal mucosa graft and dorsal penile skin flap for repair of severe hypospadias.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Urethral reconstruction in severe hypospadias presents a great challenge. We have designed a method of combining a longitudinal dorsal island skin flap and buccal mucosa graft to create a neourethra in most severe hypospadias.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2003 and March 2007, 17 patients (aged from 9 to 23 months) underwent severe hypospadias repair (13 penoscrotal and 4 scrotal hypospadias). Short urethral plate was divided in all cases and remaining curvature repaired by dorsal plication. We harvested and fixed a buccal mucosa graft to the ventral side of corpora cavernosa to be the first half of a neourethra. A longitudinal dorsal island skin flap was created and buttonholed ventrally. We sutured it together with the buccal mucosa graft to form the neourethra. We fixed the abundant flap pedicle laterally to cover all suture lines of the neourethra. We performed penile skin reconstruction using available penile skin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (range) follow-up was 25 (7 to 58) months. We achieved satisfactory, functional, and aesthetic results in 14 patients. In 3 cases urethral fistula (2) and distal stricture (1) required secondary treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined longitudinal island skin flap and buccal mucosa graft could be a good choice for urethral reconstruction in most severe hypospadias repairs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. djordjevic@uromiros.com
authors.forename: Miroslav L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Djordjevic
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majstorovic
authors.forename: Dusan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stanojevic
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bizic
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kojovic
authors.forename: Vojkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vukadinovic
authors.forename: Gradimir
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Korac
authors.forename: Zoran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Krstic
authors.forename: Sava V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Perovic
mesh_terms: D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D052816:Foreskin / Q000637:transplantation*; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000637:transplantation*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods