title: Frequency of detection of respiratory viruses in the lower respiratory tract of hospitalized adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Respiratory infections are the most common infections in humans. The prevalence of respiratory viruses in adults is largely underestimated, and relevant data mostly concern infants and children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of respiratory viruses in adults hospitalized in Italy.
  
  
  METHODS
  During April 2004--May 2005, 510 consecutive lower respiratory tract samples were prospectively collected. These were evaluated with a molecular panel that detected 12 respiratory viruses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and fifteen samples were positive for at least one viral pathogen, with an overall sample prevalence of 42.2%. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) were the most commonly detected viruses (32.9%), followed by influenza virus (FLU)-A (9.0%); the other viruses were 2% or less. Multiple agents were detected in 30 samples from 29 patients, resulting in a co-infection rate of 6.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows a high prevalence of viruses in the lower respiratory tract samples of hospitalized adults, mostly HRV and FLU-A. It is not possible to establish the role of viruses detected at low frequency, but our findings suggest the necessity to consider them as potential causes or precursors of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases L. Spallanzani, Via Portuense, 292, 00149 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Minosse
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Selleri
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Zaniratti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cappiello
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schifano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spanò
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petrosillo
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Lauria
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Puro
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Capobianchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000821:virology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012621:Seasons; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D014780:Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral