title: Cytotoxicity, acute oral toxicity, and skin irritation of 2-ethylhexyl-2,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate and di(2-ethylhexyl)-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzalmalonate.
abstract: Safety of two new ultraviolet (UV) filters, 2-ethylhexyl-2,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate (E8) and 2-ethylhexyl-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzalmalonate (B8), has been evaluated through the human melanoma cytotoxicity test and seven-day acute oral toxicity studies in rats. At 2.5 mg/mL, both compounds gave similar cell viability to the control. LD50 values for E8 and B8 are more than 5000 and 1000 mg/kg body weight, respectively. No significant difference in body weight and hematological parameters among the 0, 5, 50, 500, and 5000 mg/Kg E8-treated animals could be detected. Pathological examination of rat tissues collected at the end of the study period revealed no significant difference between the control and all E8-administered rats. There was no significant difference in all clinical blood chemistry parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and cholesterol), except alanine aminotransferase (ALT), between the control and the E8-treated animals. All ALT values were, however, in the normal range of SD rats. E8 showed negative results for the skin irritation study on human volunteers, using patch and photopatch tests. Excitation of respiratory signs of dypsnea in 10, 100, and 1000 mg/Kg B8-treated rats could be observed during 1-24 h. All groups were, however, normal during the second to the seventh day. Hematological parameters of the 0, 10, 100, and 1000 mg/Kg B8-treated animals showed no significant difference. Pathological examination revealed no significant difference between the control and all B8-administered rats. However, significant differences in some clinical blood chemistry parameters and body weights between the control and some B8-treated animals could be detected. All values, however, were in the normal ranges of the SD rats.
authors.affiliation: Sensor Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Thitinun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Monhaphol
authors.forename: Sirinthorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yibchok-Anun
authors.forename: Wijit
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Banlunara
authors.forename: Mayura
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wittayasuporn
authors.forename: Tanapat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Palaga
authors.forename: Pravit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Asawanonda
authors.forename: Supason
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wanichweacharungruang
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D008314:Malonates / Q000633:toxicity*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: C519637:2-ethylhexyl 2,4,5-trimethoxycinnamate; D002934:Cinnamates; D008314:Malonates; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C519638:di-(2-ethylhexyl) 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzalmalonate