RAGE as a receptor of HMGB1 (Amphoterin): roles in health and disease.
HMGB1/Amphoterin is a ubiquitous, highly conserved DNA-binding protein that can be also released to the extracellular space by various cell types. Extracellular HMGB1 regulates migratory responses of several cell types through binding to RAGE that communicates with the cytoskeleton to regulate cell motility. HMGB1-induced cell signalling has been associated with mechanisms of several diseases, including cancer, sepsis, rheumatoid arthritis, stroke and atherosclerosis. This article reviews the evidence linking the functional roles of HMGB1 to RAGE signalling. Furthermore, we discuss the molecular and cellular mechanisms that may explain the roles of HMGB1/RAGE in diverse disease processes.
Rauvala
Heikki
H
Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. heikki.rauvala@helsinki.fi
Rouhiainen
Ari
A
D000818:Animals; D004194:Disease; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic