title: Current coronary heart disease risk assessment tools may underestimate risk in community-dwelling persons with chronic spinal cord injury.
abstract: METHODS
  Cross-sectional, observational study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify, in adults with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI): (1) presence of metabolic syndrome versus the general North American population (GP) and (2) 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk using Framingham risk scoring (FRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ontario, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fasting anthropometric and biochemical data were collected from 75 adults with chronic SCI. Metabolic syndrome was determined using four internationally recognized definitions and FRS using the most recent (2001) algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of metabolic syndrome was up to 5.4 times lower in SCI participants compared to GP, and FRS categorized 3.1% of participants as being at high 10-year CHD risk. However, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) values indicated 36.7% of participants as being at high CHD risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current metabolic syndrome definitions and FRS may underestimate true CHD risk in people with SCI. Tools that better identify CHD risk require validation in the SCI population. CRP may be a potential factor to consider in the development of SCI-specific screening tools.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Relations and Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Finnie
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Buchholz
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Martin Ginis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology