title: The risk of gallbladder cancer from polyps in a large multiethnic series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is assess whether patients with Indian ethnic background are at an increased risk of developing gallbladder cancer (GBC) if they have been diagnosed with ultrasonic abnormalities of the gallbladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1998 and July 2006, 137,655 abdominal ultrasound examinations were performed in Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust. After the exclusion of repeat scans and those performed for renal or pelvic disease, 71,431 reports were included in this analysis. Patients in whom the diagnosis of GBC has been made without histology have been identified from the database of Northern and Yorkshire Cancer Registry and the presence of GBC was correlated with ultrasonic gallbladder abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gallbladder polyps (GBP) were detected in 3.3% of patients and these were larger than 10 mm in 0.1% of the cases. Age above 60 years, Indian ethnic background, single GBP larger than 10mm, the presence of gallstones, severe gallbladder wall thickening and irregular thickening were independently associated with the higher odds of developing GBC. The prevalence of malignancy in those with GBP was significantly higher among patients with Indian ethnic background compared to Caucasian patients, 5.5% versus 0.08%, p<0.001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of GBP, irrelevant of size, amongst patients of Indian ethnic decent, is an indication for further investigation and/or cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: HPB and Transplant Unit, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: A Q
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Aldouri
authors.forename: H Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waytt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ranganathan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kummaraganti
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dexter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lodge
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Toogood
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011127:Polyps / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology; D012042:Registries; D012306:Risk; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014463:Ultrasonography