title: Measuring competence in endoscopic sinus surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Competence based education is currently being introduced into higher surgical training in the UK. Valid and reliable performance assessment tools are essential to ensure competencies are achieved. No such tools have yet been reported in the UK literature.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to develop and pilot test an Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Competence Assessment Tool (ESSCAT). The ESSCAT was designed for in-theatre assessment of higher surgical trainees in the UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ESSCAT rating matrix was developed through task analysis of ESS procedures. All otolaryngology consultants and specialist registrars in Scotland were given the opportunity to contribute to its refinement. Two cycles of in-theatre testing were used to ensure utility and gather quantitative data on validity and reliability. Videos of trainees performing surgery were used in establishing inter-rater reliability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  National consultation, the consensus derived minimum standard of performance, Cronbach's alpha = 0.89 and demonstration of trainee learning (p = 0.027) during the in vivo application of the ESSCAT suggest a high level of validity. Inter-rater reliability was moderate for competence decisions (Cohen's Kappa = 0.5) and good for total scores (Intra-Class Correlation Co-efficient = 0.63). Intra-rater reliability was good for both competence decisions (Kappa = 0.67) and total scores (Kendall's Tau-b = 0.73).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ESSCAT generates a valid and reliable assessment of trainees' in-theatre performance of endoscopic sinus surgery. In conjunction with ongoing evaluation of the instrument we recommend the use of the ESSCAT in higher specialist training in otolaryngology in the UK.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Education, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Syme-Grant
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: J P G
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: McAleer
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D003162:Competency-Based Education / Q000592:standards; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000592:standards; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000193:education; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012606:Scotland