title: Cumulative experiences of violence among high-risk urban youth.
abstract: This study examines type-specific and cumulative experiences of violence among a vulnerable population of youth. Sixty high-risk, shelter-dwelling, urban youth were interviewed regarding their history of childhood maltreatment, exposure to community violence (ECV), and experience with intimate partner violence (IPV). Results show a high prevalence and high degree of overlap among multiple types of violence exposure. Childhood physical, sexual (CSA), and emotional (CEA) abuse were interrelated and were associated with ECV. Cumulative experiences of childhood abuse (CCA) had a graded association with IPV victimization. In multivariate analyses, CCA and ECV were independently associated with IPV victimization. Gender moderated the effect of one association: CEA raised the risk of IPV victimization for girls but not for boys. Only CSA predicted IPV perpetration. Findings suggest that cumulative exposures to violence create cumulative risk for experiencing more violence. Shelter-dwelling, urban youth may be particularly vulnerable to this additive effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Neil W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Boris
authors.forename: Sherryl Scott
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Gretchen A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Clum
authors.forename: Janet C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: Charles H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Zeanah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012924:Social Conditions; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult