title: Leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome, Salvador, Brazil.
abstract: We report the emergence of leptospirosis-associated severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome (SPHS) in slum communities in Salvador, Brazil. Although active surveillance did not identify SPHS before 2003, 47 cases were identified from 2003 through 2005; the case-fatality rate was 74%. By 2005, SPHS caused 55% of the deaths due to leptospirosis.
authors.affiliation: Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edilane L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Gouveia
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Metcalfe
authors.forename: Ana Luiza F
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Talita S F
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Aires
authors.forename: José Caetano
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Villasboas-Bisneto
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Queirroz
authors.forename: Andréia C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.forename: Mitermayer G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Albert I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Ko
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D013997:Time Factors