Cytotoxicity of municipal solid waste incinerator ash wastes toward mammalian kidney cell lines.
In this study, three municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) ash wastes-bottom ash, scrubber residue, and baghouse ash-were extracted using a toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) extractant. These so-called final TCLP extracts were applied to African green monkey kidney cells (Vero), baby hamster kidney cells (BHK-21), and pig kidney cells (PK-15), multi-well absorption reader analysis was performed to test how the cytotoxicity of the incineration ashes would affect the digestive systems of animals. Ion-coupled plasma analyses indicated that the baghouse ash extract possessed the highest pH and heavy metal concentration, its cytotoxicity was also the highest. In contrast, the bottom ash and the scrubber residue exhibited very low cytotoxicities. The cytotoxicities of mixtures of baghouse ash and scrubber residue toward the three tested cell lines increased as the relative ratio of the baghouse ash increased, especially for the Vero cells. The slight cytotoxicity of the scrubber residue arose mainly from the presence of Cr species, whereas the high cytotoxicity of the baghouse ash resulted from its high content of heavy metals and alkali ions. In addition, it appears that the dissolved total organic carbon content of these ash wastes can reduce the cytotoxicity of ash wastes that collect in animal cells.
Huang
Wu-Jang
WJ
Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, National Ping-Tung University of Science and Technology, 912 Ping-Tung, Taiwan. wjhuang@mail.npust.edu.tw
Tsai
Jia-Lin
JL
Liao
Ming-Huei
MH
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D017745:Incineration; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013552:Swine; D014709:Vero Cells
D007220:Industrial Waste; D008670:Metals; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase