Nevirapine-induced side effects in pregnant women: experience of a Brazilian university hospital.
Nevirapine-based therapy is associated with increased frequency of adverse events among HIV-infected pregnant women. The aim of this article was to evaluate the incidence of adverse effects in HIV-infected women who started nevirapine during pregnancy. A retrospective study was performed in our center between January 2003 and December 2006 analyzing all women prescribed nevirapine during pregnancy. Women presenting any risk factor for hepatotoxicity were excluded from the analysis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of adverse effects, and a correlation to CD4 counts was performed. Liver function abnormality was graded according to the Division of AIDS toxicity guidelines. A total of 170 women initiated nevirapine during pregnancy, but only 133 were included in the study. Twenty-seven women (20.3%) presented adverse effects, skin rash accounting for 77.8% (21/27 women) and liver function abnormalities for 22.2% (6/27) of the cases. Baseline CD4 counts, viral loads and transaminases were similar in both groups. All nevirapine side effects were developed in less than seven weeks. Four of 31 women with CD4 counts <250 cells/microL (12.9%) and 23 of 102 women with CD4 counts > or = 250 cells/microL (22.5%) developed adverse events. All patients who experienced hepatotoxicity had pretreatment CD4 counts > or =250 cells/microL. The incidence of adverse events with nevirapine in our study was high, but most of them were cutaneous. There was no correlation between high CD4 counts and adverse events when analyzing both cutaneous and hepatic reactions; nevertheless, hepatotoxicity occurred only in pregnant women with CD4 counts > or =250 cells/microL.
Kondo
William
W
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinics Hospital, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. williamkondo@yahoo.com
Carraro
Elaine Aparecida
EA
Prandel
Elaine
E
Dias
Josiane Mourão
JM
Perini
Juliane
J
Macedo
Rodolfo Lara de
RL
Cornelsen
Taynah Cristina
TC
Sbalquiero
Renato
R
Sasaki
Maria das Graças
Md
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D019562:Viral Load
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019829:Nevirapine; D000637:Transaminases