title: Atelocollagen-mediated local and systemic applications of myostatin-targeting siRNA increase skeletal muscle mass.
abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) offers a novel therapeutic strategy based on the highly specific and efficient silencing of a target gene. Since it relies on small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), a major issue is the delivery of therapeutically active siRNAs into the target tissue/target cells in vivo. For safety reasons, strategies based on vector delivery may be of only limited clinical use. The more desirable approach is to directly apply active siRNAs in vivo. Here, we report the effectiveness of in vivo siRNA delivery into skeletal muscles of normal or diseased mice through nanoparticle formation of chemically unmodified siRNAs with atelocollagen (ATCOL). ATCOL-mediated local application of siRNA targeting myostatin, a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, in mouse skeletal muscles or intravenously, caused a marked increase in the muscle mass within a few weeks after application. These results imply that ATCOL-mediated application of siRNAs is a powerful tool for future therapeutic use for diseases including muscular atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kinouchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohsawa
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishimaru
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohuchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sunada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000235:genetics*; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018101:Mice, Inbred mdx; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009137:Muscular Dystrophy, Animal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D055435:Myostatin; D053758:Nanoparticles; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C525912:Mstn protein, mouse; D055435:Myostatin; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C059821:atelocollagen; D003094:Collagen