title: Near complete loss of retinal ganglion cells in the math5/brn3b double knockout elicits severe reductions of other cell types during retinal development.
abstract: Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are the first cell type to differentiate during retinal histogenesis. It has been postulated that specified RGCs subsequently influence the number and fate of the remaining progenitors to produce the rest of the retinal cell types. However, several genetic knockout models have argued against this developmental role for RGCs. Although it is known that RGCs secrete cellular factors implicated in cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation, until now, limited publications have shown that reductions in the RGC number cause significant changes in these processes. In this study, we observed that Math5 and Brn3b double null mice exhibited over a 99% reduction in the number of RGCs during development. This severe reduction of RGCs is accompanied by a drastic loss in the number of all other retinal cell types that was never seen before. Unlike Brn3b null or Math5 null animals, mice null for both alleles lack an optic nerve and have severe retinal dysfunction. Results of this study support the hypothesis that RGCs play a pivotal role in the late phase of mammalian retina development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas-Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Ala
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moshiri
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Kunifumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Minhua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Laura J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Frishman
authors.forename: Steven W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000172:deficiency*; D002452:Cell Count; D004596:Electroretinography; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000172:deficiency*; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D050820:Transcription Factor Brn-3B / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D050820:Transcription Factor Brn-3B; C117638:Atoh7 protein, mouse; C494190:POU4F2 protein, human