title: Variable patterns of programmed death-1 expression on fully functional memory T cells after spontaneous resolution of hepatitis C virus infection.
abstract: The inhibitory receptor programmed death-1 (PD-1) is present on CD8(+) T cells in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV), but expression patterns in spontaneously resolving infections are incompletely characterized. Here we report that PD-1 was usually absent on memory CD8(+) T cells from chimpanzees with resolved infections, but sustained low-level expression was sometimes observed in the absence of apparent virus replication. PD-1-positive memory T cells expanded and displayed antiviral activity upon reinfection with HCV, indicating conserved function. This animal model should facilitate studies of whether PD-1 differentially influences effector and memory T-cell function in resolved versus persistent human infections.
authors.affiliation: Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Childrens Dr., Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: Naglaa H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Shoukry
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grakoui
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Cawthon
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Dana L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hasselschwert
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Brasky
authors.forename: Gordon J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Nilufer P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Seth
authors.forename: Kai W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Wucherpfennig
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Houghton
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000276:immunology*; D002679:Pan troglodytes
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte