title: Antimicrobial activity and local release characteristics of chlorhexidine diacetate loaded within the dental copolymer matrix, ethylene vinyl acetate.
abstract: In vitro results are presented for a novel oral drug-delivery system ultimately intended for treatment of oral infections in immunocompromised patients. Test samples of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) containing chlorhexidine diacetate (CDA) showed desirable antimicrobial properties and steady, slow release into aqueous and other media after an initial burst of drug release in the first day of liquid exposure. By washing away this initial burst, the proposed mouthguard device should be capable of sustained delivery of locally effective CDA concentrations far below systemically toxic levels. A prolonged room temperature shelf-life of at least 1 year, and effectivity against a wide range of oral bacteria and Candida species was demonstrated. Drug loaded films showed a top-to-bottom asymmetry in drug release, but good lateral homogeneity, and a linear relationship between initial CDA loading concentration (from 0.63 to 10 wt %) and days 3-14 release rates in a static aqueous environment. The EVA matrix containing CDA appears to possess many suitable properties for localized oral delivery of sustained antimicrobial activity.
authors.affiliation: Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7450, USA.
authors.forename: Roland R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Hong Hong
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: Padmavathy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tallury
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Barrow
authors.forename: Sid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalachandra
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D006801:Humans; D053210:Pharmaceutical Preparations, Dental / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D011145:Polyvinyls
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D053210:Pharmaceutical Preparations, Dental; D011145:Polyvinyls; C016438:ethylenevinylacetate copolymer; D002710:Chlorhexidine