title: Outcomes for general medical inpatients with diabetes mellitus and new hyperglycaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between admission glycaemic status and inpatient mortality in patients with and without pre-existing diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A general medical ward in an Australian tertiary referral hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  903 patients admitted to the general medical ward between February 2003 and July 2004.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatient death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall inpatient mortality was 5.4% (n = 49). In the total cohort, age > 75 years and admission fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels > or = 5.6 mmol/L were independent predictors of mortality. For patients without a known history of diabetes, each 1 mmol/L rise in admission FPG was associated with a 33% increase in mortality. In these patients, elevated (> 6.0%) and normal glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) levels were associated with mortalities of 11.3% and 4.4%, respectively (odds ratio, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.16-5.26). In contrast, in patients with known diabetes, there was no association between admission FPG levels, HbA(1c) and mortality. Length of stay was not independently associated with FPG, HbA(1c), or diabetes status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients without known diabetes, the risk of death was increased for admission FPG levels > or = 5.6 mmol/L. However, pre-existing abnormal glucose metabolism, reflected by elevated HbA(1c) levels, appeared a more important predictor of inpatient mortality than glucose levels in patients without known diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Austin Health and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. s.baker6@pgrad.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: Scott T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Cherie Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Zajac
authors.forename: Leon A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bach
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jerums
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: MacIsaac
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human