Crystalline silica is a negative modifier of pulmonary cytochrome P-4501A1 induction.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are products of incomplete combustion that are commonly inhaled by workers in the dusty trades. Many PAHs are metabolized by cytochrome P-4501A1 (CYP1A1), which may facilitate excretion but may activate pulmonary carcinogens. PAHs also stimulate their own metabolism by inducing CYP1A1. Recent studies suggest that respirable coal dust exposure inhibits induction of pulmonary CYP1A1 using the model PAH beta-naphthoflavone. The effect of the occupational particulate respirable crystalline silica was investigated on PAH-dependent pulmonary CYP1A1 induction. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to intratracheal silica or vehicle and then intraperitoneal beta-naphthoflavone, a CYP1A1 inducer, and/or phenobarbital, an inducer of hepatic CYP2B1, or vehicle. Beta-naphthoflavone induced pulmonary CYP1A1, but silica attenuated this beta-naphthoflavone-induced CYP1A1 activity and also suppressed the activity of CYP2B1, the major constitutive CYP in rat lung. The magnitude of CYP activity suppression was similar regardless of silica exposure dose within a range of 5 to 20 mg/rat. Phenobarbital and beta-naphthoflavone had no effect on pulmonary CYP2B1 activity. Both enzymatic immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescent staining for CYP1A1 indicated that sites of CYP1A1 induction were nonciliated airway epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and the alveolar septum. Using immunofluorescent colocalization of CYP1A1 with cytokeratin 8, a marker of alveolar type II cells, the proximal alveolar region was the site of both increased alveolar type II cells and decreased proportional CYP1A1 expression in alveolar type II cells. Our findings suggest that in PAH-exposed rat lung, silica is a negative modifier of CYP1A1 induction and CYP2B1 activity.
Battelli
Lori A
LA
Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, USA. LBattelli@cdc.gov
Ghanem
Mohamed M
MM
Kashon
Michael L
ML
Barger
Mark
M
Ma
Jane Y C
JY
Simoskevitz
Ricki L
RL
Miles
Philip R
PR
Hubbs
Ann F
AF
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004391:Dust; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012829:Silicosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019324:beta-Naphthoflavone / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000393:Air Pollutants; D004391:Dust; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D052638:Particulate Matter; D019324:beta-Naphthoflavone; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1