[Procedural analgesia : concepts and practice].
The effect of severe pain and its hazardous stress-related cardiocirculatory consequences have been well documented for the perisurgical setting. Independently of surgical intervention however, even short and simple measures (e.g. thorax drain removal, repositioning a limb fracture) and longer diagnostic procedures such as MRI are potentially very painful or stressful to the patient. Though longer diagnostic procedures are frequently supported by systemic medication, short interventions regularly lack this aspect. Specific challenges result from the need to counteract sometimes great changes in pain intensity. Moreover procedural analgesia represents a multidisciplinary measure not restricted to anaesthesiology, as most of these measures are performed without anaesthesia. To avoid endangering the patient, the choice of drugs and patient monitoring have to meet certain professional and technical standards. Competence in respiratory management is of paramount importance. This paper outlines these requirements and serves as an orientation outside the anaesthesiological speciality.
Heid
F
F
Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131, Mainz, Deutschland. heid@uni-mainz.de
Gerth
M
M
Roth
W
W
Hessmann
M
M
Werner
C
C
D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D013511:Minor Surgical Procedures; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011379:Prognosis