title: Kinin B1 receptor deficiency leads to leptin hypersensitivity and resistance to obesity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Kinins mediate pathophysiological processes related to hypertension, pain, and inflammation through the activation of two G-protein-coupled receptors, named B(1) and B(2). Although these peptides have been related to glucose homeostasis, their effects on energy balance are still unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using genetic and pharmacological strategies to abrogate the kinin B(1) receptor in different animal models of obesity, here we present evidence of a novel role for kinins in the regulation of satiety and adiposity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kinin B(1) receptor deficiency in mice (B(1)(-/-)) resulted in less fat content, hypoleptinemia, increased leptin sensitivity, and robust protection against high-fat diet-induced weight gain. Under high-fat diet, B(1)(-/-) also exhibited reduced food intake, improved lipid oxidation, and increased energy expenditure. Surprisingly, B(1) receptor deficiency was not able to decrease food intake and adiposity in obese mice lacking leptin (ob/ob-B(1)(-/-)). However, ob/ob-B(1)(-/-) mice were more responsive to the effects of exogenous leptin on body weight and food intake, suggesting that B(1) receptors may be dependent on leptin to display their metabolic roles. Finally, inhibition of weight gain and food intake by B(1) receptor ablation was pharmacologically confirmed by long-term administration of the kinin B(1) receptor antagonist SSR240612 to mice under high-fat diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that kinin B(1) receptors participate in the regulation of the energy balance via a mechanism that could involve the modulation of leptin sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Ronaldo C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Felipe C G
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Daniela G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Sgai
authors.forename: Raphael G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Carlos C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Vanessa F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Merino
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Passadore
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carayon
authors.forename: Charlles H M
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Suma I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Shimuta
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.forename: Jean-Loup
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bascands
authors.forename: Joost P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Schanstra
authors.forename: Patrick C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Even
authors.forename: Suzana M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bader
authors.forename: João B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Pesquero
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004041:Dietary Fats; D020738:Leptin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D043783:Receptor, Bradykinin B1 / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D020738:Leptin; D043783:Receptor, Bradykinin B1