title: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphisms are associated with hypertension and cardiovascular disease in renal transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nitric oxide (NO), produced by the polymorphic endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3), plays an important role in endothelial function. The aim was to determine the effect of NOS3 polymorphisms on hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in renal allograft recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three polymorphisms of NOS3 were examined in 168 renal allograft recipients. A 27 base pair repeat sequence in intron 4 (NOS3 a/b), a single G-->T substitution in exon 7 at nucleotide 894 and a T-786C substitution in the promoter region were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences in the frequencies of the 894T and -786C alleles between allograft recipients and controls (n = 141) were demonstrated (894T: 40.5% vs 30.1%, P < 0.01; -786C: 45.2% vs 34.4%, P < 0.01). There was a significant excess of both the 894T and -786C alleles in hypertensive allograft recipients compared with normotensive allograft recipients and controls (894T: 41.7%, 35.7% and 30.1%, respectively, P < 0.025; -786C: 47.4%, 37.1% and 34.4%, respectively, P < 0.01), and in allograft recipients with CVD compared with those without CVD and controls (894T: 47.2%, 38.6% and 30.1%, respectively, P < 0.025; -786C: 54.2%, 42.8% and 34.4%, respectively, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 894T and -786C alleles of the NOS3 gene were significantly associated with both hypertension and CVD in renal allograft recipients.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Research Group and Department of Renal Medicine, Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
authors.forename: Umanath Vasanth
authors.initials: UV
authors.lastname: Bhandary
authors.forename: Uswanathan V
authors.initials: UV
authors.lastname: Bhandary
authors.forename: Wai
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Bingmei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Demaine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D007438:Introns; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III