title: The importance of pro-inflammatory signaling in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.
abstract: Despite modern medical advances, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units, affecting 10% of premature neonates born weighing less than 1500 g. Although many advances have been made in the understanding of NEC, the etiology and pathophysiology remain incompletely understood, and treatment is limited to supportive care. In recent years, many studies have evaluated the inflammatory cascade that is central to the disease process, and research is ongoing into strategies to prevent and/or ameliorate neonatal NEC. In this review, we examine the key points in the signaling pathways involved in NEC, and potential strategies for prevention and treatment of this dreaded disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare/Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60201, USA. bfrost@enh.org
authors.forename: Brandy L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.forename: Tamas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jilling
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Caplan
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha