title: Impaired endothelial function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of a high-fat meal on endothelial function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three children with T1D, aged 12 to 18 years, and age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were assessed for baseline macronutrient intake, and endothelial function was measured both fasting and after a standardized fast-food, high-fat breakfast.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endothelial function, assessed noninvasively by peripheral arterial tonometry, was impaired in the T1D group in the fasting state as compared with control subjects (T1D 1.78 +/- 0.4, control subjects 2.06 +/- 0.4, P = .02), and worsened postprandially in both groups (T1D 1.45 +/- 0.3, control subjects 1.71 +/- 0.3, P = .01). Both groups demonstrated significantly elevated triglyceride levels 3.5 hours after ingestion of the high-fat meal (T1D 114.8 +/- 42.8 and control subjects 126.7 +/- 54.9 mg/dL). Nutrient intake in both groups showed higher than recommended intakes of total fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with T1D exhibited worse endothelial function both before and after a high-fat breakfast than their peers. This suggests that patients with T1D are at greater risk of vascular impairment after a high-fat meal, the cumulative effect of which may contribute to the higher atherosclerotic burden observed in T1D.
authors.affiliation: Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Children's Hospital of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada. mahmud@lhsc.on.ca
authors.forename: Farid H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Mahmud
authors.forename: Stan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Uum
authors.forename: Nimira
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanji
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thiessen-Philbrook
authors.forename: Cheril L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Clarson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015930:Diet Records; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004727:Endothelium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol