title: H pylori recurrence after successful eradication.
abstract: Recurrence of H pylori after eradication is rare in developed countries and more frequent in developing countries. Recrudescence (recolonization of the same strain within 12 mo after eradication) rather than reinfection (colonization with a new strain, more than 12 mo after eradication) is considered to be responsible for most of the cases. This observation was confirmed only in developed countries, while in developing countries a recent meta-analysis demonstrated a high rate of reinfection. The proportion of H pylori annual recurrence was 2.67% and 13.00% in developed and developing countries, respectively. Nested meta-analysis (only cases with a longer follow-up and a negative (13)CUBT a year after eradication) revealed annual recurrence rate of 1.45% [relative risk (RR), 0.54] and 12.00% (RR, 0.92) in developed and developing countries, respectively. These findings support the notion that in developed countries many cases of recurrence are due to recrudescence within the first year after eradication, with a 46% drop in the recurrence rate after the first year post eradication, while in developing countries reinfection is more pronounced, and continue at the same rate since eradication. A different approach for follow-up after H pylori eradication is probably needed in patients of developing countries, since reinfection is highly prevalent.
authors.forename: Yaron
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niv
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019049:Developed Countries; D003906:Developing Countries; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D055502:Secondary Prevention