title: Infant tracheotomy: results of a survey regarding technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify practice patterns regarding tracheotomy technique among pediatric otolaryngologists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey of physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Members of the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) residing in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Physician responses to survey questions, including both multiple choice and free-text responses. We used chi(2) tests to determine if demographic factors (pediatric otolaryngology fellowship training, the number of tracheotomies performed yearly) correlated with differences in the technique used to perform infant tracheotomies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 168 of 225 surveys mailed to ASPO members (75%) were completed and returned. Most respondents (87%) report that they make a simple vertical incision in the trachea. An even greater number (94%) use stay sutures routinely. On other technical points, such as management of the thyroid gland, the subcutaneous fat, and the method of securing the tracheostomy tube, there was much greater variability: 22% of respondents reported having had a serious tracheotomy-related complication in the immediate postoperative period, and 58% of these physicians changed their technique as a result. In several areas, chi(2) analysis revealed statistically significant differences in technique that were dependent on both fellowship training and the number of tracheotomies performed (P < or = .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among ASPO members practicing in the United States, there is near-unanimity on certain technical points, with considerable divergence on others. A substantial percentage of our colleagues have experienced a tracheotomy-related complication in the early postoperative period. In many cases, these incidents led to changes in surgical technique.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Penn State/Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.
authors.forename: Francis P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Ruggiero
authors.forename: Michele M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Carr
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014140:Tracheotomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome