title: Effective treatments of prolonged status epilepticus in developing rats.
abstract: We determined the efficacy of diazepam (DZP) and pentobarbital (PTB) in controlling prolonged status epilepticus (SE) in developing rats. One-hour-long SE was induced with kainic acid (KA) or lithium pilocarpine (Li-Pilo) in Postnatal Day 9 (P9), 15 (P15) and 21 (P21) rats, which were then treated with varying doses of DZP (20-60 mg/kg) or PTB (20-60 mg/kg). At P9, neither drug stopped SE, and higher doses could not be used because of high mortality. At P15 and P21, DZP and PTB stopped both behavioral and electrographic SE in a dose-dependent fashion, with similar efficacy in the two seizure models. DZP stopped SE significantly faster than PTB. Administration of a low dose of PTB (20mg/kg) following an initially ineffective treatment with DZP 20mg/kg stopped SE in all rats. The data suggest that high doses of DZP and PTB are needed to stop prolonged SE in developing rats, but their effectiveness is age dependent.
authors.affiliation: Saul R. Korey Department of Neurology and Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA. henry@hassonmd.com
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasson
authors.forename: Mimi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Solomon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Moshé
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D003975:Diazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D007608:Kainic Acid; D008297:Male; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010862:Pilocarpine; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D010862:Pilocarpine; D010424:Pentobarbital; D003975:Diazepam; D007608:Kainic Acid