title: Inability of real-time reverse transcriptase PCR assay to detect subtype H7 avian influenza viruses isolated from wild birds.
abstract: We report a failure of the real-time reverse transcriptase PCR H7 subtyping protocol currently used in national avian influenza surveillance programs. Significant substitutions in primer and probe target sequences were identified, especially in wild bird viruses. The protocol, originally designed for detecting H7 influenza viruses in poultry, is not reliable for wild bird surveillance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. zxing@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cardona
authors.forename: Phuong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dao
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Crossley
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hietala
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boyce
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D009154:Mutation; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D012367:RNA, Viral