Gene induction following wounding of wild-type versus macrophage-deficient Drosophila embryos.
By using a microarray screen to compare gene responses after sterile laser wounding of wild-type and 'macrophageless' serpent mutant Drosophila embryos, we show the wound-induced programmes that are independent of a pathogenic response and distinguish which of the genes are macrophage dependent. The evolutionarily conserved nature of this response is highlighted by our finding that one such new inflammation-associated gene, growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene 45 (GADD45), is upregulated in both Drosophila and murine repair models. Comparison of unwounded wild-type and serpent mutant embryos also shows a portfolio of 'macrophage-specific' genes, which suggest analogous functions with vertebrate inflammatory cells. Besides identifying the various classes of wound- and macrophage-related genes, our data indicate that sterile injury per se, in the absence of pathogens, triggers induction of a 'pathogen response', which might prime the organism for what is likely to be an increased risk of infection.
Stramer
Brian
B
Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, UK. bstramer@rvc.ac.uk
Winfield
Mark
M
Shaw
Tanya
T
Millard
Thomas H
TH
Woolner
Sarah
S
Martin
Paul
P
D000818:Animals; D004330:Drosophila / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D050980:GATA Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000502:physiology; D006720:Homozygote; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D050980:GATA Transcription Factors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins; C103965:srp protein, Drosophila