Prevalence and epidemiology of HIV type 1 drug resistance among newly diagnosed therapy-naive patients in Belgium from 2003 to 2006.
This study is the first prospective study to assess the prevalence, epidemiology, and risk factors of HIV-1 drug resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Belgium. In January 2003 it was initiated as part of the pan-European SPREAD program, and continued thereafter for four inclusion rounds until December 2006. Epidemiological, clinical, and behavioral data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and genotypic resistance testing was done on a sample taken within 6 months of diagnosis. Two hundred and eighty-five patients were included. The overall prevalence of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in Belgium was 9.5% (27/285, 95% CI: 6.6-13.4). Being infected in Belgium, which largely coincided with harboring a subtype B virus, was found to be significantly associated with transmission of drug resistance. The relatively high rate of baseline resistance might jeopardize the success of first line treatment as more than 1 out of 10 (30/285, 10.5%) viruses did not score as fully susceptible to one of the recommended first-line regimens, i.e., zidovudine, lamivudine, and efavirenz. Our results support the implementation of genotypic resistance testing as a standard of care in all treatment-naive patients in Belgium.
Vercauteren
Jurgen
J
Rega Institute for Medical Research and University Hospitals, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. jurgen.vercauteren@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
Derdelinckx
Inge
I
Sasse
André
A
Bogaert
Marleen
M
Ceunen
Helga
H
De Roo
Ann
A
De Wit
Stephane
S
Deforche
Koen
K
Echahidi
Fedoua
F
Fransen
Katrien
K
Goffard
Jean-Christophe
JC
Goubau
Patrick
P
Goudeseune
Elodie
E
Yombi
Jean-Cyr
JC
Lacor
Patrick
P
Liesnard
Corinne
C
Moutschen
Michel
M
Pierard
Denis
D
Rens
Roeland
R
Schrooten
Yoeri
Y
Vaira
Dolores
D
van den Heuvel
Annelies
A
van der Gucht
Bea
B
van Ranst
Marc
M
van Wijngaerden
Eric
E
Vandercam
Bernard
B
Vekemans
Marc
M
Verhofstede
Chris
C
Clumeck
Nathan
N
Vandamme
Anne-Mieke
AM
van Laethem
Kristel
K
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral; C514824:reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease; C514803:p16 protease, Human immunodeficiency virus 1