title: Histamine suppresses fibulin-5 and insulin-like growth factor-II receptor expression in melanoma.
abstract: We previously showed that transgenic enhancement of histamine production in B16-F10 melanomas strongly supports tumor growth in C57BL/6 mice. In the present study, gene expression profiles of transgenic mouse melanomas, secreting different amounts of histamine, were compared by whole genome microarrays. Array results were validated by real-time PCR, and genes showing histamine-affected behavior were further analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Regulation of histamine-coupled genes was investigated by checking the presence and functional integrity of all four known histamine receptors in experimental melanomas and by administering histamine H1 receptor (H1R) and H2 receptor (H2R) antagonists to tumor-bearing mice. Finally, an attempt was made to integrate histamine-affected genes in known gene regulatory circuits by in silico pathway analysis. Our results show that histamine enhances melanoma growth via H1R rather than through H2R. We show that H1R activation suppresses RNA-level expression of the tumor suppressor insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) and the antiangiogenic matrix protein fibulin-5 (FBLN5), decreases their intracellular protein levels, and also reduces their availability in the plasma membrane and extracellular matrix, respectively. Pathway analysis suggests that because plasma membrane-bound IGF-IIR is required to activate matrix-bound, latent transforming growth factor-beta1, a factor suggested to sustain FBLN5 expression, the data can be integrated in a known antineoplastic regulatory pathway that is suppressed by H1R. On the other hand, we show that engagement of H2R also reduces intracellular protein pools of IGF-IIR and FBLN5, but being a downstream acting posttranslational effect with minimal consequences on exported IGF-IIR and FBLN5 protein levels, H2R is rather irrelevant compared with H1R in melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Cell, and Immunobiology, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pos
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wiener
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pocza
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Racz
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Darvas
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Molnar
authors.forename: Hargita
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hegyesi
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006632:Histamine / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D005810:Multigene Family; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011968:Receptors, Histamine / Q000502:physiology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; C120769:Fbln5 protein, mouse; D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2; D011968:Receptors, Histamine; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006632:Histamine