title: An evaluation of a community pharmacy-based rural asthma management service.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effect of a pharmacist-delivered rural asthma management service (RAMS) on health outcomes for people with asthma in a rural/regional area with 'standard care' delivered through community pharmacies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A parallel group controlled repeated measures study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community pharmacies in Central West New South Wales.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardised protocols and resources based on national asthma management guidelines, delivered by specially trained community pharmacists. Patients visited the pharmacy at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months after baseline in the intervention group and at baseline plus 6 months after baseline in the control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intervention pharmacists (n = 12) were trained to deliver the RAMS model, while control pharmacists (n = 8) provided standard asthma care to their recruited patients. Fifty-one and 39 patients were recruited by intervention and control pharmacists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Asthma severity score which was a composite score based on recency, frequency and severity of asthma symptoms, and asthma history.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data compared at the final visit between groups indicated that the RAMS patient group demonstrated a significant reduction in the asthma severity scores (7.9 +/- 2.6 versus 10.4 +/- 2.6, P < 0.001); a reduction in the risk of non-adherence to medication scores (1.6 +/- 0.7 versus 2.3 +/- 1.1, P < 0.001); and an increase in the proportion of patients owning a written action plan (50% versus 23%, P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicated that the community pharmacy-based RAMS model can improve asthma outcomes for patients in rural settings, and similar models for asthma and other chronic diseases should be tested rigorously and adopted in rural primary care practice.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy Practice Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. bandana@pharm.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: Bandana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.forename: Julija
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Filipovska
authors.forename: Sinthia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bosnic-Anticevich
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krass
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Armour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009517:New South Wales; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D015397:Program Evaluation; D019035:Rural Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents