title: Relationship of the serotonin transporter with prolactin response to meta-chlorophenylpiperazine in cocaine dependence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preclinical evidence indicates that exposure to cocaine influences the activity of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) as well as several 5-HT receptor subtypes. However, little is known about the relationship between the 5-HTT and 5-HT receptors following cocaine exposure in humans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the relationship between platelet 5-HTT, a presynaptic 5-HT measure, and prolactin (PRL) response to meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP), a postsynaptic 5-HT receptor agonist in cocaine dependent individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Platelet [3H] paroxetine binding sites were assayed and the m-CPP challenge test was performed in 35 African American cocaine dependent individuals and 33 controls. Clinical measures included assessments of drug use severity and depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cocaine subjects showed reduced Bmax of [3H] paroxetine (t=4.67, p<0.01) and blunted PRL response to m-CPP (F=21.86, p<0.01) compared to controls. There was a positive correlation between Bmax and delta PRL [peak-baseline PRL] in cocaine subjects (r=0.50, p<0.01) but not in controls (r=0.19). ANCOVA analyses showed that the cocaine subgroup with moderate and severe reduction in Bmax showed a greater blunting in PRL response compared to the subgroup with mild Bmax reductions (F=9.44, p<.005). Multivariate regression models showed that the main effects as well as the interaction of Bmax and severity of cocaine use significantly contributed to impaired PRL response (F=17.90, p<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disturbances in serotonin transporter binding and post-synaptic 5-HT receptor function seem to be associated in cocaine-dependent subjects. Severity of cocaine use appears to mediate this relationship. Whether there is a causal association between the two measures, or cocaine has separate and independent pre- and post-synaptic effects needs to be clarified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States. Ashwin.Patkar@duke.edu
authors.forename: Ashwin A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Patkar
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mannelli
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peindl
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Li-Tzy
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuhn
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001665:Binding Sites; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000378:metabolism; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012701:Serotonin / Q000097:blood*; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D014316:Tritium; D012701:Serotonin; D017374:Paroxetine; D011388:Prolactin; C015068:1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine