title: Bis(7)-tacrine prevents glutamate-induced excitotoxicity more potently than memantine by selectively inhibiting NMDA receptors.
abstract: We have recently reported that bis(7)-tacrine could prevent glutamate-induced neuronal apoptosis through NMDA receptors. In this study, we demonstrated that in cultured rat cortical neurons, bis(7)-tacrine (IC(50), 0.02 microM) prevented glutamate-induced excitotoxicity more substantially than memantine (IC(50), 0.7 microM). In addition, bis(7)-tacrine was more efficient than memantine in buffering the intracellular Ca(2+) triggered by glutamate. In cultured rat hippocampal neurons, bis(7)-tacrine inhibited 50 microM NMDA-activated current in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC(50) of 0.68+/-0.07 microM, which is five times more potent than that produced by memantine (IC(50), 3.41+/-0.36 microM; p<0.05). By contrast, bis(7)-tacrine, up to 5 microM, did not significantly affect the current activated by 50 microM AMPA or 50 microM kainate. These results suggest that bis(7)-tacrine is more potent than memantine against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity by selectively inhibiting NMDA-activated current.
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Neuroscience & Drug Research, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chao-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jia-Lie
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Yuan-Zhi
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Lao
authors.forename: Li-Jiang
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuan-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Donald C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Zhi-Wang
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Peoples
authors.forename: Yong-Xun
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Yi-Fan
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D019610:Cytoprotection; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D008559:Memantine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013619:Tacrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C122128:1,7-N-heptylene-bis-9,9'-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D013619:Tacrine; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; D007608:Kainic Acid; D002118:Calcium; D008559:Memantine