title: [Clinical results after three years use of matrix-associated ACT for the treatment of osteochondral defects of the knee].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the clinical results after the treatment of osteochondral defects of the knee with autologous bone grafting and matrix-supported autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study 13 patients with osteochondral defects of the knee (12 femoral, 1 tibial) with OCD ICRS grade IV or ICRS grade IV B were included. The osteochondral defects were reconstructed simultaneously with autologous monocortical cancellous bone cylinders or chips from cancellous bone and matrix-supported autologous chondrocyte transplantation (CaReS). Data were analysed in accordance with the ICRS criteria and the Brittberg score. Patients were followed up to 36 months after the operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average age of the patients was 34.9 (16 - 47) years at the time of surgery. The size of the defect was 8.1 (3.8 - 13.5) cm(2). The subjective and objective IKDC scores, the Brittberg and the ICRS function score were statistically significantly improved during the observation time. In one patient the transplantation failed and another patient was not available for the follow-up at 36 months. The objective IKDC score and the ICRS function score increased from 0/13 (0 %) to 11/12 (91.7 %) in categories A and B, or I and II, respectively, after 3 years. At this point of time 83.4 % (10/12) of the patients voted the treatment as excellent or good. The subjective IKDC score improved from 38.4 (+/- 12.7) preoperatively to 66.1 (+/- 17.0) after 3 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of osteochondral defects of the knee with autologous bone grafting and matrix-supported autologous chondrocyte transplantation shows promising results even for larger defects. But for a final decision about this therapy the present sample size was too small. There is a need for further long-term investigation with a larger number of patients.
authors.affiliation: Orthopädische Klinik, RWTH Aachen. umaus@ukaachen.de
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Maus
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gravius
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller-Rath
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mumme
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Miltner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Niedhart
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andereya
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000601:surgery*; D010008:Osteochondritis Dissecans / Q000601:surgery*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012086:Reoperation; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery; D023822:Tissue Engineering