title: The role of Arg114 at subsites E and F in reactions catalyzed by hen egg-white lysozyme.
abstract: To understand better the role of subsites E and F in lysozyme-catalyzed reactions, mutant enzymes, in which Arg114, located on the right side of subsites E and F in hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL), was replaced with Lys, His, or Ala, were prepared. Replacement of Arg114 with His or Ala decreased hydrolytic activity toward an artificial substrate, glycol chitin, while replacement with Lys had little effect. Kinetic analysis with the substrate N-acetylglucosamine pentamer, (GlcNAc)(5), revealed that the replacement for the Arg residue reduced the binding free energies of E-F sites and the rate constant of transglycosylation. The rate constant of transglycosylation for R114A was about half of that for the wild-type enzyme. (1)H-NMR analysis of R114H and R114A indicated that the structural changes induced by the mutations were not restricted to the region surrounding Arg114, but rather extended to the aromatic side chains of Phe34 and Trp123, of which the signals are connected with each other through nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) in the wild-type. We speculate that such a conformational change causes differences in substrate and acceptor binding at subsites E and F, lowering the efficiency of glycosyl transfer reaction of lysozyme.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience, School of Agriculture, Tokai University, Aso, Kumamoto 869-1404, Japan. kawamura@agri.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chijiiwa
authors.forename: Toshie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minematsu
authors.forename: Tamo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukamizo
authors.forename: Kjell M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Vårum
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Torikata
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D002645:Chickens; D005260:Female; D007700:Kinetics; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009113:Muramidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation
chemical_list: D001120:Arginine; C421864:hen egg lysozyme; D009113:Muramidase