title: The MADS transcription factor Mef2c is a pivotal modulator of myeloid cell fate.
abstract: Mef2c is a MADS (MCM1-agamous-deficient serum response factor) transcription factor best known for its role in muscle and cardiovascular development. A causal role of up-regulated MEF2C expression in myelomonocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has recently been demonstrated. Due to the pronounced monocytic component observed in Mef2c-induced AML, this study was designed to assess the importance of Mef2c in normal myeloid differentiation. Analysis of bone marrow (BM) cells manipulated to constitutively express Mef2c demonstrated increased monopoiesis at the expense of granulopoiesis, whereas BM isolated from Mef2c(Delta/-) mice showed reduced levels of monocytic differentiation in response to cytokines. Mechanistic studies showed that loss of Mef2c expression correlated with reduced levels of transcripts encoding c-Jun, but not PU.1, C/EBPalpha, or JunB transcription factors. Inhibiting Jun expression by short-interfering RNA impaired Mef2c-mediated inhibition of granulocyte development. Moreover, retroviral expression of c-Jun in BM cells promoted monocytic differentiation. The ability of Mef2c to modulate cell-fate decisions between monocyte and granulocyte differentiation, coupled with its functional sensitivity to extracellular stimuli, demonstrate an important role in immunity--and, consistent with findings of other myeloid transcription factors, a target of oncogenic lesions in AML.
authors.affiliation: Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schüler
authors.forename: Maike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schwieger
authors.forename: Afra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engelmann
authors.forename: Kristoffer
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Eric N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stocking
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; C578041:Mef2c protein, mouse; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D014157:Transcription Factors