title: Xanthones from Gentianella amarella ssp. acuta with acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities.
abstract: Two new xanthone glycosides, corymbiferin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and swertiabisxanthone-I 8'-O-beta- d-glucopyranoside (2), were isolated from Gentianella amarella ssp. acuta, along with eight known xanthones: triptexanthoside C, veratriloside, corymbiferin 1-O-glucoside, swertianolin, norswertianolin, swertiabisxanthone-I, bellidin, and bellidifolin, four of them identified for the first time in G. amarella ssp. acuta. The isolation was conducted mainly by centrifugal partition chromatography, and the structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of spectrometric data including 2D NMR and mass spectrometry. Xanthones were weakly active against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), except triptexanthoside C, which inhibited AChE with an IC(50) of 13.8 +/- 1.6 microM. Some compounds were active against monoamine oxidases (MAO): bellidin and bellidifolin showed interesting inhibitory activity of MAO A, while swertianolin, the 8-O-glucopyranoside form of bellidifolin, gave 93.6% inhibition of MAO B activity at 10(-5) M.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva 4, Switzerland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urbain
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marston
authors.forename: L Sintra
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Grilo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Purev
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Purevsuren
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Batsuren
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reist
authors.forename: P-A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Carrupt
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hostettmann
mesh_terms: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031313:Gentianella / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D008986:Mongolia; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005960:Glucosides; D006027:Glycosides; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D044004:Xanthones; C530240:corymbiferin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside; C530241:swertiabisxanthone-I 8'-O-beta- D-glucopyranoside