title: Adult congenital heart disease: a 2008 overview.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During the past decades, health care of patients born with congenital heart disease (CHD) has improved substantially, leading to a growing population of adult survivors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the recently published and relevant data on adult CHD (ACHD), we reviewed the most common congenital heart defects and discussed important related issues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adults with CHD most often require specialized medical or surgical care in a tertiary centre. However, this population also need local follow-up; general practitioners and other specialists therefore have to face the complexity of their disease. AREAS OF CONTROVERSIES: Management of pregnancy, non-cardiac surgery, arrhythmias and endocarditis prophylaxis may be challenging in patients with CHD and should be adapted to their condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present article summarizes key clinical information on ACHD for the benefit of physicians who are not specialized in this field. Areas timely for developing research Research efforts and education strategies are greatly needed in order to optimize the care of patients with ACHD.
authors.affiliation: Adult Congenital Heart Center and Center for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, Royal Brompton Hospital, Sydney Street, London SW3 6NP, UK.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bédard
authors.forename: Darryl F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Shore
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gatzoulis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D002300:Cardiac Care Facilities / Q000458:organization & administration; D002648:Child; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000458:organization & administration; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular