title: Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine balance in major depression: effect of sertraline therapy.
abstract: The specific associations between antidepressant treatment and alterations in the levels of cytokines remain to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and MCP-1 in major depression and to investigate the effects of sertraline therapy. Cytokine and chemokine levels were measured at the time of admission and 8 weeks after sertraline treatment. Our results suggest that the proinflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-12, and TNF-alpha) and MCP-1 were significantly higher, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TGF-beta1 were significantly lower in patients with major depression than those of healthy controls. It seems likely that the sertraline therapy might have exerted immunomodulatory effects through a decrease in the proinflammatory cytokine IL-12 and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and TGF-beta1. In conclusion, our results indicate that Th1-, Th2-, and Th3-type cytokines are altered in the depressed patients and some of them might have been corrected by sertraline treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, 06018 Ankara, Turkey. lsutcigil@gata.edu.tr
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sutcigil
authors.forename: Cagatay
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oktenli
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Musabak
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cansever
authors.forename: Ozcan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.forename: S Yavuz
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Sanisoglu
authors.forename: Zeki
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yesilova
authors.forename: Nahit
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozmenler
authors.forename: Aytekin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozsahin
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sengul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D020280:Sertraline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015847:Interleukin-4; D020280:Sertraline