title: Residual urine as a risk factor for lower urinary tract infection: a 1-year follow-up study in nursing homes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether postvoid urine is a risk factor for the development of lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) in nursing home residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective surveillance with a follow-up period of 1 year.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six Norwegian nursing homes.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty nursing home residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postvoid residual (PVR) urine volumes were measured using a portable ultrasound. UTIs were registered prospectively for 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-eight residents (65.3%) had a PVR less than 100 mL, and 52 (34.7%) had a PVR of 100 mL or greater. During the follow-up period, 51 residents (34.0%) developed one or more UTIs. The prevalence of UTI in women was higher than in men (40.4% vs 19.6%; P=.02). There was no significant difference in mean PVR between residents who did and did not develop a UTI (79 vs 97 mL, P=.26). PVR of 100 mL or greater was not associated with greater risk of developing a UTI (P=.59).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High PVR is common in nursing home residents. No association between PVR and UTI was found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Nord-Trøndelag HealthTrust, Namsos Hospital, Namsos, Norway.
authors.forename: Ragnhild
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Omli
authors.forename: Liv H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Skotnes
authors.forename: Arnstein
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mykletun
authors.forename: August M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bakke
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuhry
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D009735:Nursing Homes; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D014563:Urodynamics