title: Effects of acute and 14-day coenzyme Q10 supplementation on exercise performance in both trained and untrained individuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine whether acute (single dose) and/or chronic (14-days) supplementation of CoQ10 will improve anaerobic and/or aerobic exercise performance by increasing plasma and muscle CoQ10 concentrations within trained and untrained individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two aerobically trained and nineteen untrained male and female subjects (26.1 +/- 7.6 yrs, 172 +/- 8.7 cm, 73.5 +/- 17 kg, and 21.2 +/- 7.0%) were randomized to ingest in a double-blind manner either 100 mg of a dextrose placebo (CON) or a fast-melt CoQ10 supplement (CoQ10) twice a day for 14-days. On the first day of supplementation, subjects donated fasting blood samples and a muscle biopsy. Subjects were then given 200 mg of the placebo or the CoQ10 supplement. Sixty minutes following supplement ingestion, subjects completed an isokinetic knee extension endurance test, a 30-second wingate anaerobic capacity test, and a maximal cardiopulmonary graded exercise test interspersed with 30-minutes of recovery. Additional blood samples were taken immediately following each exercise test and a second muscle biopsy sample was taken following the final exercise test. Subjects consumed twice daily (morning and night), 100 mg of either supplement for a period of 14-days, and then returned to the lab to complete the same battery of tests. Data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with an alpha of 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma CoQ10 levels were significantly increased following 2 weeks of CoQ10 supplementation (p < 0.001); while a trend for higher muscle CoQ10 levels was observed after acute CoQ10 ingestion (p = 0.098). A trend for lower serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) was observed following acute supplementation with CoQ10 (p = 0.06), whereas serum malondialdehyde (MDA) tended to be significantly higher (p < 0.05). Following acute ingestion of CoQ10, plasma CoQ10 levels were significantly correlated to muscle CoQ10 levels; maximal oxygen consumption; and treadmill time to exhaustion. A trend for increased time to exhaustion was observed following 2 weeks of CoQ10 supplementation (p = 0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute supplementation with CoQ10 resulted in higher muscle CoQ10 concentration, lower serum SOD oxidative stress, and higher MDA levels during and following exercise. Chronic CoQ10 supplementation increased plasma CoQ10 concentrations and tended to increase time to exhaustion. Results indicate that acute and chronic supplementation of CoQ10 may affect acute and/or chronic responses to various types of exercise.
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Secondary Education; Lee University; Cleveland, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iosia
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buford
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shelmadine
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science; University of Oklahoma; Norman, OK, USA.
authors.forename: Chad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kerksick
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leutholtz
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Darryn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Willoughby
authors.affiliation: Exercise & Sport Nutrition Lab; Center for Exercise, Nutrition and Preventive Health; Department of Health, Human Performance & Recreation; Baylor University; Waco, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kreider