Oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine levels are increased in premature neonates of preeclamptic mothers with HELLP syndrome.
BACKGROUND
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) incidence is increased in infants of preeclamptic mothers with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome. RDS and HELLP syndrome have been associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory processes.


OBJECTIVE
We hypothesize that end-tidal carbon monoxide corrected for inhaled CO (ETCOc), malondialdehyde (MDA) (markers of oxidative stress) and proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-8) production are higher in infants of preeclamptic mothers with HELLP syndrome than in those of preeclamptic mothers without HELLP syndrome.


METHODS
Prospective study of 36 infants of preeclamptic mothers (GA <32 weeks) admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. ETCOc was measured at 0-12, 48-72 and 168 h postnatally using the CO-Stattrade mark End-Tidal Breath Analyzer. Simultaneously, blood was sampled for MDA, IL-8 and IL-6.


RESULTS
At 0-12 h, ETCOc, MDA and IL-8 values (median[range]) were significantly higher in HELLP infants than in infants from preeclamptic mothers without HELLP (ETCOc 2.2 [1.5-3.9] vs. 1.8 [0.5-2.9] ppm; MDA 2.3 [1.3-4.1] vs. 1.5 [0.4-3.1] mumol/l; IL-8 145 [24-606] vs. 62 [26-397] pg/ml; all p <0.05). MDA remained significantly higher during the first 168 h of life (2.3 [0.8-5.8] vs. 1.1 [0.8-3.7] mumol/l, p = 0.02).


CONCLUSIONS
Oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokine levels are increased in infants of preeclamptic mothers with HELLP syndrome. These processes may cause inactivation of surfactant explaining the increased RDS incidence in these infants.
Torrance
Helen L
HL
Perinatal Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands. H.Torrance@umcutrecht.nl
Krediet
Tannette G
TG
Vreman
Hendrik J
HJ
Visser
Gerard H A
GH
van Bel
Frank
F
D000328:Adult; D001034:Apgar Score; D001944:Breath Tests; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism; D017359:HELLP Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis
D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins