title: Maternal dietary habits and mycotoxin occurrence in human mature milk.
abstract: During 2006, 82 samples of human mature milk were collected at Italian hospitals and checked for aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and ochratoxin A (OTA) by immunoaffinity column extraction and HPLC. AFM1 was detected in four (5%) of milk samples (ranging from < 7 ng/L to 140 ng/L; mean level: 55.35 ng/L); OTA was detected in 61 (74%) of milk samples (ranging from < 5 ng/L to 405 ng/L; mean level: 30.43 ng/L. OTA levels were significantly higher (p less, not double equals 0.05) in milk of habitual consumers of bread, bakery products and cured pork meat. No other statistically significant differences were observed although habitual consumers of pasta (p = 0.059), cookies (p = 0.061) and juices (p = 0.063) had mean contamination values of OTA higher than the moderate consumer. The very few AFB1 positive samples did not allow statistical comparisons. The present study confirms that the occurrence of OTA in human milk is related to maternal dietary habits. The findings support the possibility of dietary recommendations to woman, during pregnancy and lactation, aimed to tentatively reduce the OTA contamination of human milk.
authors.affiliation: STAFA Department, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy. fgalvano@unict.it
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galvano
authors.forename: Amedeo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pietri
authors.forename: Terenzio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bertuzzi
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gagliardi
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ciotti
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luisi
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bognanno
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: La Fauci
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Iacopino
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nigro
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li Volti
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vanella
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giammanco
authors.forename: Gabriella Lucia
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Tina
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gazzolo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016607:Aflatoxin M1 / Q000032:analysis; D001724:Birth Weight; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008423:Maternal Age; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D009035:Mothers; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A; D016607:Aflatoxin M1