Neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations of paraneoplastic syndromes.
Paraneoplastic syndromes with neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations may involve the central nervous system, cranial nerves, neuromuscular junction, optic nerve, uvea, or retina. Most of these disorders are related to immunologic mechanisms presumably triggered by the neoplastic expression of neuronal proteins. Accurate recognition is essential to appropriate management.
Ko
Melissa W
MW
Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. melissaw.ko@uphs.upenn.edu
Dalmau
Josep
J
Galetta
Steven L
SL
D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053578:Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020362:Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020361:Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014603:Uveal Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology