title: Resveratrol protects against arsenic trioxide-induced cardiotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The clinical use of arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)), a potent antineoplastic agent, is limited by its severe cardiotoxic effects. QT interval prolongation and apoptosis have been implicated in the cardiotoxicity of As(2)O(3). The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of resveratrol on As(2)O(3)-induced apoptosis and cardiac injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a mouse model of As(2)O(3)-induced cardiomyopathy in vivo, QT intervals and plasma enzyme activities were measured; cardiac tissues were examined histologically and apoptosis assessed. In H9c2 cardiomyocyte cells, viability, apoptosis, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular calcium levels were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the mouse model, resveratrol reduced As(2)O(3)-induced QT interval prolongation and cardiomyocyte injury (apoptosis, myofibrillar loss and vacuolization). In addition, increased lactate dehydrogenase activity and decreased activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase were observed in the plasma of As(2)O(3)-treated mice; these changes were prevented by pretreatment with resveratrol. In As(2)O(3)-treated H9c2 cardiomyocytes, resveratrol significantly increased cardiomyocyte viability and attenuated cell apoptosis as measured by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labelling assay and caspase-3 activity. As(2)O(3)-induced generation of ROS and intracellular calcium mobilization in H9c2 cells was also suppressed by pretreatment with resveratrol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed that resveratrol significantly attenuated As(2)O(3)-induced QT prolongation, structural abnormalities and oxidative damage in the heart. In H9c2 cardiomyocytes, resveratrol also decreased apoptosis, production of ROS and intracellular calcium mobilization induced by treatment with As(2)O(3). These observations suggested that resveratrol has the potential to protect against cardiotoxicity in As(2)O(3)-exposed patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, PR China.
authors.forename: X-Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: G-Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: L-M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: J-X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Z-M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: B-F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010087:Oxides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D001152:Arsenicals; D010087:Oxides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013267:Stilbenes; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D053148:Caspase 3; D000077185:Resveratrol; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D002118:Calcium