title: [Relationships between smoking and eating habits or behavior in male students].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate relationships between smoking and eating habits or behavior in male students.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a questionnaire regarding smoking, eating habits, eating behavior, and the frequency of food intake for 277 male students. We also measured bone mass by a quantitative ultrasound device, along with height, weight, body fat, and gripping power.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of students who had a smoking habit was 22.4%. No significant differences in physical factors between the smoker and non-smoker groups were observed. However, there was significant variation for having meals regularly, and for the habit of assessing their own eating behavior (both P < 0.05). The percentage of students who wanted to obtain nutritional support for maintaining their health, or desiring nutritional support in order to keep a good body style was significantly lower in the smoker group compared to the non-smoker group (P < 0.05, respectively). Moreover, the percentage of students who had a habit of drinking alcohol or skipping meals was significantly higher in the smoker group (P = 0.002). In addition, the percentage of smoking students who had a habit of exercise was significantly lower (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, we obtained useful data regarding relationships between smoking and eating habits in male students. These results suggested that appropriate nutritional education is important in the smoker group of male students for promotion of their health.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutrition, Japan Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Natsuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sogabe
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Masae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goseki-Sone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D012907:Smoking; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*