title: Visual reaction times in strabismic amblyopia: a case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Visual reaction times (RT) have been used for the evaluation of the response to visual stimuli in amblyopic subjects in a case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Study Group, consisting in nine subjects with amblyopia and anomalous retinal correspondence, and a Control Group of nine normal subjects, were examined. In order to measure RT a test was carried out using a personal computer, for generating the visual stimuli on a special 14" monitor and for recording the response. A program was specifically created to record the dimensions of the stimuli and times of presentation in milliseconds. An electrographic tracing controlled the visual fixation. Visual stimuli of different dimensions were presented to the amblyopic eye, the dominant and non dominant eye, and in binocular vision, and RT were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all cases RT represented a decreasing function of the stimulus dimension, with no statistical difference between the two groups (p=0.471). In both groups, RT values deriving from the greatest stimuli were rather inferior to those measured with smaller stimuli (p<0.001). In the Study Group the same stimulus produced longer reaction times in the amblyopic eye compared with those of the dominant eye (p<0.001), as well as those recorded during binocular vision (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RT to visual stimuli could supply objective information on uncertain or hidden amblyopia. The extension of the experimental protocol to a larger population under school age could provide a clinical application for the early diagnosis of sensory alterations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ear, Tooth and Eye Sciences, Unit of Ophthalmology, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. nuzzi@unipr.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nuzzi
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Riggio
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000550:Amblyopia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008838:Microcomputers; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011930:Reaction Time; D013285:Strabismus / Q000150:complications*; D013997:Time Factors; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014794:Visual Fields; D014796:Visual Perception