title: Interaction between ambient particles and ozone and its effect on daily mortality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of particulate matter (PM) less than 10 microns in diameter (PM10) and ozone (O3) on daily mortality in Shanghai, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A generalized additive model with penalized spline function was used to observe the acute effect of PM10 and O3 on daily mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher PM10 significantly increased the effect of O3 on total mortality, and O3 also increased the effect of PM10 although the estimated increment was statistically insignificant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings provide further evidence for the effect of PM10 and O3 on daily mortality.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Hai
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gui-Xiang
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yun-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Nai-Qing
authors.initials: NQ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Bing-Heng
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hai-Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Kan
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009026:Mortality; D010126:Ozone / Q000633:toxicity*; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D010126:Ozone