Evaluation of 65% permethrin spot-on and deltamethrin-impregnated collars for canine Leishmania infantum infection prevention.
During the 2004 and 2005 sand fly seasons, we evaluated the efficacy of a 65% spot-on solution of permethrin (Exspot, Schering & Plough) and deltamethrin-impregnated collar (Scalibor, Intervet) in reducing Leishmania infantum infection, in a canine leishmaniasis (CanL) endemic region (Liguria) in Italy. Immunofluorescent assay (IFA) revealed that three of 120 dogs (2.5%) treated with a 65% spot-on solution of permethrin, as three of 119 dogs (2.5%) treated with deltamethrin-impregnated collar have shown seroconversion after sand fly season. On the contrary, seroconversion was 15% in 188 untreated control dogs. Treatment reduced the risk of infection by 84%. The difference in treated dogs and control ones is highly significant (chi2 = 12.4; P = 0.0004). Our results show that treatment with 65% spot-on solution of permethrin and the deltamethrin-impregnated collar are effective in reducing the risk of acquiring L. infantum infection.
Ferroglio
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Dipartimento di Produzioni Animali, Epidemiologia ed Ecologia, Università di Torino, Via L. da Vinci, 44 10095 Grugliasco, Italy. ezio.ferroglio@unito.it
Poggi
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Trisciuoglio
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D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D004285:Dogs; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000276:immunology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D026023:Permethrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011576:Psychodidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000469:parasitology; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012621:Seasons; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin; D026023:Permethrin