Effect of N-chloroamino acids on the erythrocyte.
Amino acids present in blood plasma may be targets for oxidation and chlorination by HOCl/OCl(-). N-Chloroamino acids have been reported to be less reactive, but more selective than HOCl/OCl(-) in their reactions; therefore, they may act as secondary mediators of HOCl/OCl(-)-induced injury. This study compared the effects of five N-chloroamino acids (AlaCl, LysCl, SerCl, AspCl and PheCl) on erythrocytes with the action of HOCl/OCl(-). The N-chloroamino acids differed in stability and reactivity. They had a weaker haemolytic action than HOCl/OCl(-); HOCl/OCl(-), AlaCl and PheCl increased osmotic fragility of erythrocytes at a concentration of 1 mm. Oxidation of glutathione, formation of protein-glutathione mixed disulphides and efflux of GSSG from erythrocytes were observed for erythrocytes treated with all the employed chloroderivatives, while increased oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin was detected only after treatment of the cells with 1 mm HOCl/OCl(-), AlaCl and PheCl. Generally, the reactivity of at least some N-chloroamino acids may be not much lower with respect to HOCl/OCl(-).
Robaszkiewicz
A
A
Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Łódz, Banacha, Łódz, Poland. agineszka.robaszkiewicz@gmial.com
Bartosz
G
G
Soszyński
M
M
D000409:Alanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D002700:Chloramines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004355:Drug Stability; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000737:chemistry; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009996:Osmotic Fragility / Q000187:drug effects; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D012694:Serine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
D000596:Amino Acids; D002700:Chloramines; D005452:Fluoresceins; D016877:Oxidants; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D012694:Serine; D010649:Phenylalanine; C037631:2',7'-dichlorofluorescein; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D005978:Glutathione; D008239:Lysine; D000409:Alanine; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide