title: Comparison of pancreas-transplanted type 1 diabetic patients with portal-venous versus systemic-venous graft drainage: impact on glucose regulatory hormones and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-I axis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreas grafts can be drained through the iliac vein (systemic drainage) or the portal vein.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that normalization of portal insulin in patients with portal pancreas graft drainage stimulates the GH/IGF-I axis and thereby contributes to glucose control.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared patients after combined kidney and pancreas transplantation with portal drainage (n = 7) to patients with systemic drainage of the pancreas graft (n = 8) and nondiabetic controls (n = 8). Overnight fasting sera were analyzed for free and total IGF-I and IGF-binding proteins. Glucose regulatory hormones were examined after an oral glucose tolerance test and GH after stimulation with GHRH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systemic drainage led to higher basal and stimulated insulin levels than portal drainage (P < 0.05), but increments in response to oral glucose were reduced in both transplanted groups (P < 0.05 vs. controls). However, glucose tolerance was similar in all groups. Circulating free and total IGF-I and IGF-binding protein-3 were similar to control levels in the systemic drainage group but elevated in the portal drainage group (P < 0.05). Consistently, the GH response was reduced in the portal drainage group (P < 0.05 vs. controls) and correlated inversely with free IGF-I (r = -0.63, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Portal drainage of pancreatic endocrine secretion in pancreas graft recipients raises IGF-I and lowers GH secretion. These changes might explain that glucose regulation is maintained despite lower peripheral insulin levels, compared with patients with systemic graft drainage and nondiabetic control subjects.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, Aarhus C, Denmark. jan@frystyk.dk
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frystyk
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ritzel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maubach
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Büsing
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lück
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klempnauer
authors.forename: Wolff
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schmiegel
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nauck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000032:analysis; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D005934:Glucagon