title: Health survey of workers exposed to mixed solvent and ergonomic hazards in footwear and equipment factory workers in Thailand.
abstract: A cross-sectional health study was performed at four footwear and one equipment factory in Thailand to evaluate the prevalence of chemical- and ergonomic-related symptoms in Thai factory workers and to investigate associations between these symptoms and exposures to organic solvents, isocyanates and ergonomic risks. A 10-page health questionnaire was administered to 1784 workers across the four footwear and equipment factories. A total of 1675 questionnaires were returned, yielding a 94% response rate. The questionnaires asked about age, gender, use of chemicals, use of personal protective equipment and health outcomes. Without exception, the percentages of workers reporting symptoms after being hired were higher than those reporting symptoms before being hired for all the factories. The highest symptom percentages were related to ergonomic stressors. Multiple logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted prevalence odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. This study showed that adverse health effects experienced by footwear and equipment factory workers are associated with occupational exposures to chemicals (volatile organic solvents and water-based adhesives) and ergonomic hazards.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA. todd@cs.unc.edu
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: Sitthichok Tony
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Puangthongthub
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mottus
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mihlan
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D012775:Shoes; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents