title: Pretreatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor attenuated renal ischaemia and reperfusion injury via activation of PI3/Akt signal pathway.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been shown to exert protective effects in various tissues and experimental models of ischaemia-induced injury. However, the mechanism of renoprotective action in ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) renal injury of G-CSF was unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male C57BL/6J mice, subjected to renal ischaemia for 45 min, 48 h and 7 days reperfusion, were administered either saline, wortmannin, G-CSF, and G-CSF plus wortmannin 3 days prior to I/R. Saline-treated group served as the control. At 48 h and 7 days of reperfusion, the mice were killed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly, renal dysfunction and morphological injury were identified at 48 h and 7 days after I/R. Wortmannin pretreatment worsened the renal injury significantly. However, G-CSF pretreatment significantly attenuated renal injury, reduced the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling-positive ratio of renal tubular epithelial cells and inflammation cytokine expression in the kidney. Moreover, G-CSF pretreatment inhibited the expression of Bax and increased the expression of bcl-2 and p-Akt in the kidney. Wortmannin blunted the beneficial effects of G-CSF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cytoprotective action of G-CSF against I/R injury seems to be associated with its anti-apoptotic action mediated by upregulation of p-Akt signal pathway.
authors.affiliation: Kidney Disease Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Yiwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jianyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhangfei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shou
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jianghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000502:physiology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000032:analysis; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt