title: Octamers and nanoparticles as hemoglobin based blood substitutes.
abstract: Progress in developing a blood substitute is aided by new biotechnologies and a better understanding of the circulatory system. For Hb based solutions, there is still a debate over the best set of fundamental parameters concerning the oxygen affinity which is correlated with the oxidation rate, the cooperativity, the transporter size, and of course the final source of material. Genetic engineering methods have helped discover novel globins, but not yet the quantity necessary for the high demand of blood transfusions. The expanding database of globin properties has indicated that certain individual parameters are coupled, such as the oxygen affinity and the oxidation rate, indicating that one must accept a compromise of the best parameters. After a general introduction of these basic criteria, we will focus on two strategies concerning the size of the oxygen transporter: Hb octamers, and Hb integrated within a nanoparticle.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM U779, University of Paris XI, 94275 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baudin-Creuza
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chauvierre
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kiger
authors.forename: Liliane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leclerc
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vasseur
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Célier
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Marden
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005914:Globins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006242:Haptoglobins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001802:Blood Substitutes; D006242:Haptoglobins; D006454:Hemoglobins; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005914:Globins