Hypoxia in prostate cancer: a powerful shield against tumour destruction?
Tumour hypoxia is progressively emerging as a common feature of prostate tumours associated with poor prognosis. While the molecular basis of disease progression is increasingly well documented, the potential role of hypoxia in these processes remains poorly evaluated. By dissecting the impact of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha on molecular responses, this review provides evidence for a powerful protecting role of oxygen deprivation against oxidative stress injury, androgen deprivation, chemotherapeutic and radiation cytotoxicity. We propose hypoxia as a potent tumour-induced shield against destruction and suggest its targeting may need to be routinely addressed in the management of prostate cancer.
Marignol
L
L
Department of Haematology and Academic Unit of Clinical and Molecular Oncology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, St James's Hospital and Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. marignol@tcd.ie <marignol@tcd.ie>
Coffey
M
M
Lawler
M
M
Hollywood
D
D
D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D018450:Disease Progression; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D000728:Androgens; D015415:Biomarkers; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species