title: Updates on bisphosphonates and potential pathobiology of bisphosphonate-induced jaw osteonecrosis.
abstract: Osteonecrosis of the jaws is a major complication associated with long-term use of bisphosphonates. While osteonecrosis can arise from other precipitating conditions, bisphosphonate-induced jaw osteonecrosis (BJON) is highly associated with long-term administration of pamidronate (Aredia) and zoledronic acid (Zometa), which are two intravenous bisphosphonate formulations. The underlying pathogenesis of BJON and its site-specific presentation still remain to be fully elucidated. This review will discuss clinically available bisphosphonates, current opinions, pathogenesis, and management guidelines for bisphosphonate-induced jaw osteonecrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sarin
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: DeRossi
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Akintoye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D000075202:Contraindications; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D007568:Jaw / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism; D007571:Jaw Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D053245:RANK Ligand