title: Clinical non-instrumental evaluation of dysphagia.
abstract: Clinical non-instrumental evaluation plays an important role in the assessment of the dysphagic patient. This evaluation, called "bedside examination", aims to establish whether dysphagia is present, evaluating severity, determining the alterations which cause it, planning rehabilitation, testing outcome of treatment. The assessment takes into consideration anamnesis regarding the swallowing problem, evaluation of the anatomy and functionality, of sensitivity and the reflexes, of the swallowing apparatus. Finally, the oral feeding test is performed, which evaluates the oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing. The examination performed in the neurologic patient is different from that performed in the patient submitted to ENT or maxillo-facial surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Specialities, Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ricci Maccarini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filippini
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Padovani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Limarzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loffredo
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Casolino
mesh_terms: D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008499:Medical Records; D011996:Records