Animal-assisted activity among patients with cancer: effects on mood, fatigue, self-perceived health, and sense of coherence.
OBJECTIVE
To identify to what extent an animal-assisted activity (i.e., visits with a dog) affects the mood, self-perceived health, and sense of coherence among patients undergoing radiation therapy.


METHODS
Pretest/post-test between and within groups.


METHODS
Radiation oncology units of two hospitals in a mid-sized, midwestern city.


METHODS
30 adult patients undergoing nonpalliative radiation therapy.


METHODS
After giving informed consent, participants were randomly assigned to receive 12 dog visits, 12 human visits, or 12 quiet reading sessions over a four-week period.


RESULTS
No statistically significant differences were found; however, compared with others their age, patients receiving dog visits viewed their health as improved over the four-week period. Participants described each of the three activities as beneficial. The study is primarily useful as a basis for planning additional research.


CONCLUSIONS
The study warrants replication with a larger sample to determine applicability of animal-assisted activity in patients with cancer who are undergoing radiation therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients may want and express benefit from animal-assisted activity dog visits, but the outcomes of the visits may not be measureable. Nurses should assess to what extent patients believe that such visits are beneficial by asking them. The visits may be valued by patients as helping to relieve their anxiety and as distractions from their disease and therapy.
Johnson
Rebecca A
RA
Sinclair School of Nursing and Research Center for Human Animal Interaction in College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA. rajohnson@missouri.edu
Meadows
Richard L
RL
Haubner
Jennifer S
JS
Sevedge
Kathleen
K
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D004285:Dogs; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D012649:Self Concept