Menstrual cycle synchronization, ovarian stimulation, and in vitro fertilization in olive baboons (Papio anubis): a prospective randomized study.
OBJECTIVE
To synchronize the baboon menstrual cycle and to compare different methods of ovarian stimulation for IVF in baboons.


METHODS
Prospective randomized study.


METHODS
Institute of Primate Research, Nairobi, Kenya.


METHODS
Ten female baboons were treated with an oral contraceptive (33 +/- 8 days) and randomized for ovarian stimulation in two cycles.


METHODS
In cycle 1 (C1), baboons were stimulated as follows: clomiphene citrate (CC) for 5 days followed by antagonist (group CC-1, n = 3); recombinant gonadotropins (rGn: rFSH and rLH) with antagonist (group antagon-1, n = 3); and long GnRH agonist protocol (group LP-1, n = 4). After 1- month rest, in cycle 2 (C2), the baboons were stimulated as follows: CC for 8 days without antagonist (group CC-2, n = 2); short GnRH agonist protocol (group SP-2, n = 4); long GnRH agonist protocol (group LP-2, n = 4). Oocyte aspiration was performed 34-36 hours after injecting 5000 IU recombinant hCG; the oocytes were then fertilized.


METHODS
Oocytes retrieved and fertilization rate.


RESULTS
Withdrawal bleeding occurred 4 +/- 1 days after the cessation of the contraceptive. Ovarian stimulation using the different protocols resulted in the following mean numbers of retrieved oocytes: LP-1, n = 19; LP-2, n = 19; CC-1, n = 4; CC-2, n = 4; antagon-1, n = 9; and SP-2, n = 14. Fertilization by intracytoplasmic sperm injection varied (23%-54%).


CONCLUSIONS
The baboon menstrual cycle can be synchronized using an oral contraceptive. A long GnRH agonist protocol for ovarian stimulation may be suitable for ovarian stimulation in baboons.
Nyachieo
Atunga
A
Leuven University Fertility Centre, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
Spiessens
Carl
C
Chai
Daniel C
DC
Mwenda
Jason M
JM
D'Hooghe
Thomas M
TM
D000818:Animals; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017135:Desogestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000819:agonists / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval / Q000379:methods*; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D048530:Papio anubis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*; D017329:Triptorelin Pamoate / Q000008:administration & dosage
D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017329:Triptorelin Pamoate; D002996:Clomiphene; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D017135:Desogestrel; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; C062876:cetrorelix