Defining the role of Emi1 in the DNA replication-segregation cycle.
Ordered progression through the cell cycle is essential to maintain genomic stability, and fundamental to this is ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. In particular, the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) ubiquitin ligase destabilises specific regulators at defined times in the cycle to ensure that each round of DNA replication is followed by cell division. Thus, the proper regulation of the APC/C is crucial in each cell cycle. There are several APC/C regulators that restrict its activity to specific cell cycle phases, and amongst these the early mitotic inhibitor 1 (Emi1) protein has recently come to prominence. Emi1 has been proposed to control APC/C in early mitosis; however, recent evidence questions this role. In this review we discuss new evidence that indicates that Emi1 is essential to restrict APC/C activity in interphase and, by doing so, ensure the proper coordination between DNA replication and mitosis.
Di Fiore
Barbara
B
Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute of Cancer and Developmental Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. b.difiore@gurdon.cam.ac.uk
Pines
Jonathon
J
D064173:Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000502:physiology*; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000502:physiology*; D044783:F-Box Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D044783:F-Box Proteins; C498960:FBXO5 protein, human; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes; D064173:Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome