title: Dopaminergic receptor D5 mRNA expression is increased in circulating lymphocytes of Tourette syndrome patients.
abstract: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neuropsychiatric disorder in which dopaminergic dysfunction and immune system abnormalities seem to coexist. Using real-time PCR, we determined mRNA expression of dopamine receptors (DRs) D1-5 in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from 15 TS patients and 15 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs). DRD5 mRNA levels in cells from TS were higher than in cells from HCs. In TS patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, DRD5 mRNA levels in PBLs showed a highly positive correlation with the severity of compulsive symptoms. DRD5 mRNA upregulation in PBLs from TS patients may represent a peripheral marker of dopaminergic dysfunction and supports the involvement of the immune system in TS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Section of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Via Ottorino Rossi n. 9, 21100 Varese VA, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Termine
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Franciotta
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castiglioni
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pagani
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lanzi
authors.forename: Franca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marino
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lecchini
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cosentino
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Balottin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D035061:Control Groups; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D050641:Receptors, Dopamine D5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D050641:Receptors, Dopamine D5