title: Noradrenergic control of arginine vasopressin release from the ewe hypothalamus in vitro: sensitivity to oestradiol.
abstract: The present study aims at ascertaining the influence of alpha(1)-adrenoreceptors on arginine vasopressin (AVP) release in vitro and determine whether E(2) modulates the alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor and AVP interaction. Ten minutes after ewe killing, sagittal midline hypothalamic slices (from the anterior preoptic area to the mediobasal hypothalamus with the median eminence, 2 mm thick, 2 per sheep) were dissected, placed in oxygenated minimum essential media-alpha (MEM-alpha) at 4 degrees C and within 2 h were singly perifused at 37 degrees C with oxygenated MEM-alpha (pH 7.4; flow rate 0.15 ml/min), either with or without E(2) (24 pg/ml). After 4 h equilibration, 10 min fractions were collected for 4 h interposed with 10 min exposure at 60 min to a specific alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor agonist or antagonist at various doses (0.1-10 mm). At the end of all perifusions, slices responded to KCl (100 mm) with AVP efflux (p < 0.05). Release of AVP was enhanced (p < 0.05) by the alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor agonist (methoxamine 10 mm; no E(2), n = 7 perifusion chambers: from 14.3 +/- 2.7 to 20.9 +/- 3.9, with E(2), n = 10: from 10.7 +/- 1.2 to 18.4 +/- 3.4 pg/ml) or the antagonist (thymoxamine 10 mm; no E(2), n = 5: from 9.5 +/- 3.1 to 30.4 +/- 6.0, with E(2), n = 10: from 10.8 +/- 0.9 to 39.1 +/- 6.3 pg/ml). With the agonist, the response occurred only at 80 min (p < 0.05) both in the presence and absence of E(2). Whereas, after the antagonist, values were higher (p < 0.05) throughout the post-treatment period (80-170 min) without E(2), but declined by 150 min in the presence of E(2). Furthermore, the response to the alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor antagonist was greater (p < 0.05; 90-140 min) than the agonist only in the presence of E(2). In conclusion, these results reveal direct alpha(1)-adrenoreceptor-mediated control of the hypothalamic AVP neuronal system which is modulated by E(2).
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, University of Liverpool, Wirral, UK. ghuman_s@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: S P S
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Ghuman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dobson
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D008729:Methoxamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013948:Moxisylyte / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 / Q000502:physiology; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D004958:Estradiol; D008729:Methoxamine; D013948:Moxisylyte