title: Cyclosporin A promotes growth and invasiveness in vitro of human first-trimester trophoblast cells via MAPK3/MAPK1-mediated AP1 and Ca2+/calcineurin/NFAT signaling pathways.
abstract: Cyclosporin A (CsA) has provided the pharmacologic foundation for organ transplantation as a calcineurin inhibitor blocking T-cell activation. We have demonstrated that CsA promoted trophoblast viability/proliferation and invasion in vitro. In the present study, we further investigated the intracellular signalling pathways involved in enhancing cell viability/proliferation and invasiveness of the human trophoblast induced by CsA. We showed that blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3)/MAPK1 signaling by U0126 attenuated CsA-increased cell viability and invasiveness of trophoblasts. Cyclosprin A inhibited ionomycin-stimulated nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) transactivation in JAR cells and reversed the ionomycin-inhibited trophoblast invasiveness. However, either activating calcineurin by ionomycin, resulting in NFAT transactivation, or inhibiting NFAT using an NFAT inhibitor had no effect on trophoblast cell viability/proliferation and apoptosis in vitro. Hence, the CsA-induced promotion of trophoblast growth and invasion occurred by overlapping but independent pathways. The MAPK3/MAPK1 pathway was essential for both trophoblast growth and invasion, whereas the Ca(2+)/calcineurin/NFAT pathway was only involved in the CsA-promoted trophoblast invasiveness. Finally, potential cross-talk between MAPK3/MAPK1 and Ca(2+)/calcineurin/NFAT and its relationship to activator protein 1 activation was investigated. Our findings explored possible signal transduction pathways modulated by CsA, which may lead to the expansion of the clinical applications of this drug.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital and Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Mei-Rong
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Wen-Hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Xiao-Yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yin-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jin-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Da-Jin
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002070:Butadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009570:Nitriles; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; C113580:U 0126; D015759:Ionomycin; D016572:Cyclosporine; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D019703:Calcineurin