title: Comparison of low-level polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment revealed by Soxhlet extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and pressurized liquid extraction.
abstract: We analyzed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in lake sediment at low levels (<1 microg g(-1)) by using Soxhlet extraction (Soxhlet), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) in combination with gas chromatography and isotope-dilution mass spectrometry. Although all extraction techniques showed good repeatability for five target PAHs (relative standard deviation <5.2%, n=3), the results decreased in the order PLE>MAE>Soxhlet. Differences in the results originated mainly from differences in the extraction efficiencies of the techniques for native PAHs, because all techniques gave comparable recovery yields of corresponding 13C-labeled PAHs (13C-PAHs) (51-84%). Since non-negligible amounts of both native PAHs and 13C-PAHs were re-adsorbed on matrix in MAE, not only recovery yields of 13C-PAHs but also efficiencies of extraction of native PAHs should be examined to evaluate the appropriateness of any analytical procedures.
authors.affiliation: National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan. nobuyasu-itoh@aist.go.jp
authors.forename: Nobuyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Numata
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aoyagi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yarita
mesh_terms: D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D008872:Microwaves; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D011312:Pressure; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D012997:Solvents