title: Signaling through ShcA is required for transforming growth factor beta- and Neu/ErbB-2-induced breast cancer cell motility and invasion.
abstract: Cooperation between the Neu/ErbB-2 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathways enhances the invasive and metastatic capabilities of breast cancer cells; however, the underlying mechanisms mediating this synergy have yet to be fully explained. We demonstrate that TGF-beta induces the migration and invasion of mammary tumor explants expressing an activated Neu/ErbB-2 receptor, which requires signaling from autophosphorylation sites located in the C terminus. A systematic analysis of mammary tumor explants expressing Neu/ErbB-2 add-back receptors that couple to distinct signaling molecules has mapped the synergistic effect of TGF-beta-induced motility and invasion to signals emanating from tyrosine residues 1226/1227 and 1253 of Neu/ErbB-2. Given that the ShcA adaptor protein is known to interact with Neu/ErbB-2 through these residues, we investigated the importance of this signaling molecule in TGF-beta-induced cell motility and invasion. The reduction of ShcA expression rendered cells expressing activated Neu/ErbB-2, or add-back receptors signaling specifically through tyrosines 1226/1227 or 1253, unresponsive to TGF-beta-induced motility and invasion. In addition, a dominant-negative form of ShcA, lacking its three known tyrosine phosphorylation sites, completely abrogates the TGF-beta-induced migration and invasion of breast cancer cells expressing activated Neu/ErbB-2. Our results implicate signaling through the ShcA adaptor as a key component in the synergistic interaction between these pathways.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Biochemistry, Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jason J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Northey
authors.forename: Juliann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chmielecki
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ngan
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Matthew G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Annis
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Siegel
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D022001:Focal Adhesions; D015870:Gene Expression; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055765:Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000071425:Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D055765:Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D000071425:Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C528034:Shc1 protein, mouse; C524056:Erbb2 protein, mouse