title: Inhibition of ICAM-1/LFA-1 interactions prevents B-cell-dependent anti-CD45RB-induced transplantation tolerance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allogeneic tolerance can be reliably obtained with monoclonal antibody therapy targeting CD45RB. Although regulatory T cells play an important role in the mechanism, we have recently demonstrated the active participation of host B lymphocytes. After anti-CD45RB therapy, B lymphocytes demonstrate phenotypic alterations that include up-regulation of CD54 (intercellular adhesion molecule [ICAM]-1). We have investigated the hypothesis that alteration in ICAM-1 expression is required for tolerance induction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recipients of heterotopic allogeneic cardiac grafts (C3H donors into B6 recipients) were treated with anti-CD45RB, anti-ICAM, anti-lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA), or the combination of these agents. These data were extended by performing allogeneic cardiac transplants into ICAM or LFA recipients treated with a 5-day course of anti-CD45RB. Finally, B-cell-deficient animals were reconstituted with ICAM splenocytes to create a recipient with a selective deficiency of ICAM-1 restricted to the B-cell compartment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anti-CD45RB alone or the combination of anti-LFA/anti-ICAM reliably induced transplantation tolerance. However, the triple combination was routinely unsuccessful and induced long-term graft survival in no recipients. ICAM-deficient or LFA-deficient recipients were also resistant to tolerance induced by anti-CD45RB. Finally, transfer of control splenocytes to B-cell-deficient recipients permitted anti-CD45RB-induced tolerance, whereas transfer of ICAM cells was unable to support tolerance induction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of ICAM-1 by B lymphocytes and interaction with LFA-1 form a central aspect of transplantation tolerance induced by anti-CD45RB therapy. These data further elucidate the cellular mechanisms used by B lymphocytes in the induction of transplantation tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaolun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohiuddin
authors.forename: Moh-Moh
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: James I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Samsher
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sonawane
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Markmann
authors.forename: Shaoping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D023001:Transplantation Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D016169:Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens