title: Post-transplant femoral head avascular necrosis: a selective investigation with MRI.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the presence of femoral head avascular osteonecrosis (FHAVN) by a selective investigation with MRI at follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 331(200 men, 131 women) renal transplants were included. They were transplanted at the mean age of 31.4 (9-63) years. The mean follow-up time of all patients after transplantation was 60.6 (6-233) months, and the mean current age 36.6 (11-66) years. All transplants filled out a questionnaire on musculoskeletal symptoms and underwent a detailed clinical examination. Magnetic resonance imaging was done in cases of hip joint pain in groin, buttock, thigh and knee and in 50 asymptomatic transplants. FHAVN were identified according to Ficat Arlet classification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  43(13%) patients reported pain without previous trauma. In the clinical examination, limited ranges of motion of the hip were noted in 13 of them. FHAVN was detected in 11 of 43 patients. Disease was bilateral in two of the eleven patients. Of the 662 femoral heads, 43 were associated with hip pain whereas the remaining 619 were asymptomatic. Avascular osteonecrosis was not confirmed in the asymptomatic 100 hips with magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A selective investigation of FHAVN may be used to diagnose in renal allograft recipients with painful hips at follow-up. With a retrospective selective analysis, the presence of FHAVN was low among renal transplantation recipients at the end of the study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Izmir-Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. lkarapinar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karapinar
authors.forename: Alp
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gurkan
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kacar
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Polat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005271:Femur Head Necrosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors