title: Zinc modulates lithium-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study explored the hepatoprotective role of zinc in lithium-induced hepatotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats received either lithium treatment in diet at a dose level of 1.1 g/kg diet, zinc alone at a dose level of 227 mg/L in drinking water, and combined lithium plus zinc or drinking water alone for different time durations of 1, 2 and 4 months. This study explored the hepatic marker enzymes, antioxidant status and histopathological investigations in the liver of rats following different treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The activities of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and alkaline phosphatase were found to be elevated significantly following 2 and 4 months of lithium treatment. Lithium-treated rats showed a significant increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase and a significant inhibition in the levels of reduced glutathione, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase, following 2 and 4 months of treatment. However, zinc co-administration revealed significant improvement in the altered activities of hepatic marker and antioxidant enzymes in comparison with lithium-treated animals. Lithium-treated rats also indicated drastic alterations in hepatic histoarchitecture and zinc co-administration resulted in improvement in the structure of hepatocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggests the protective potential of zinc in lithium-induced hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Vijayta Dani
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Chadha
authors.forename: Punita
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhalla
authors.forename: Devinder Kumar
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Dhawan
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008094:Lithium / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011336:Probability; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D019287:Zinc Sulfate; D008094:Lithium; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase