title: Midazolam conscious sedation in a large Danish municipal dental service for children and adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to describe the introduction and the first six years use of midazolam for conscious sedation in a municipal dental service in Denmark.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1998, all dentists were introduced to midazolam conscious sedation. A sedation chart was filled in for each session, and parents' assessment was obtained. In 2004, all clinical materials were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six hundred and eighty sessions were performed; 63.7% of the children were between 2 and 6 years of age; 88.5% belonged to American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1; 74.8% of the sedations performed used the oral route of administration. Restorations were performed during 60.3% of the sessions, and extractions during 38.4%. Complications during the sessions were rare, the most frequent being double vision (6.1%), hiccups (2.7%), and paradoxical reaction (2.0%). Using Wilton's sedation scale, 42.9% were calm and 27.7% were agitated during treatment, whereas after treatment 61.7% were calm; 80.4% of the parents were very positive towards this sedation method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sedation with midazolam for dental treatment of children with dental fear and anxiety is a feasible and an efficient method with a low rate of complications. It can probably reduce the need for dental treatment under general anaesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Municipal Dental Service for Children and Adolescents, Copenhagen, Denmark. bul@odont.ku.dk
authors.forename: Birgitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Uldum
authors.forename: Anna-Lena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hallonsten
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poulsen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000293:Adolescent; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D003718:Denmark; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control; D019140:Dental Care for Children / Q000379:methods*; D003752:Dental Health Services; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019037:Urban Health Services
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam