title: Cytokine responses in camels (Camelus bactrianus) vaccinated with Brucella abortus strain 19 vaccine.
abstract: In the present study, we determined the levels of cytokines produced by camel (Camelus bactrianus) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in response to live attenuated Brucella abortus (B. abortus) S19 vaccine. Seven camels were vaccinated with commercial B. abortus S19 vaccine, and their cytokine responses were determined using a real-time PCR assay. Cytokine responses to B. abortus S19 were examined at 6 hr, 48 hr and 1, 2 and 3 weeks post-vaccination. Serological tests were performed to further confirm these immune responses. The results revealed that IFN-gamma and IL-6 were upregulated during the first week post-vaccination. Low level expressions of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, TNFalpha and IL-10 and no expression of IL-2 and IL-4 were observed compared with the control camels. The findings showed that B. abortus stimulates cell-mediated immunity by directly activating camel Th1 cells to secrete IFN-gamma. This quantification of cytokine expression in camels is essential for understanding of Camelidae disease development and protective immune responses. This is the first report of in vivo camel cytokine quantification after vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Raadan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Odbileg
authors.forename: Byambaa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Purevtseren
authors.forename: Dorj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gantsetseg
authors.forename: Bazartseren
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boldbaatar
authors.forename: Tumurjav
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buyannemekh
authors.forename: Zagd
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Galmandakh
authors.forename: Janchivdorj
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Erdenebaatar
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konnai
authors.forename: Misao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onuma
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002002:Brucella / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D002004:Brucella Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D002006:Brucellosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D002162:Camelus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002004:Brucella Vaccine; D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger