title: Bevacizumab-augmented retinal laser photocoagulation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a randomized double-masked clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the additional therapeutic effect of single intravitreal bevacizumab injection on standard laser treatment in the management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, fellow-eye sham controlled clinical trial was conducted on 80 eyes of 40 high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy type II diabetics. All cases received standard laser treatment according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study protocol. Avastin-assigned eyes received 1.25 mg intravitreal bevacizumab (Genentech Inc., San Francisco, CA) on the first session of their laser treatments. Fluorescein angiography was performed at baseline and at weeks 6 and 16, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy regression was evaluated in a masked fashion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age was 52 years (range: 39-68) and 30% of the participants were male. All patients were followed for 16 weeks. A total of 87.5% of Avastin-injected eyes and 25% of sham group showed complete regression at week 6 of follow-up (p<0.005). However, at week 16, PDR recurred in a sizable number of the Avastin-treated eyes, and the complete regression rate in the two groups became identical (25%; p=1.000); partial regression rates were 70% vs 65%. In the subgroup of Avastin-treated eyes, multivariate analysis identified hemoglobin A1c as the strongest predictor of proliferative diabetic retinopathy recurrence (p=0.033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravitreal bevacizumab remarkably augmented the short-term response to scatter panretinal laser photocoagulation in high-risk characteristic proliferative diabetic retinopathy but the effect was short-lived, as many of the eyes showed rapid recurrence. Alternative dosing (multiple and/or periodic intravitreal Avastin injections) is recommended for further evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirshahi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roohipoor
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lashay
authors.forename: S-F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdoallahi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Faghihi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human