title: Nischarin inhibits LIM kinase to regulate cofilin phosphorylation and cell invasion.
abstract: Nischarin is a novel protein that regulates cell migration by inhibiting p21-activated kinase (PAK). LIM kinase (LIMK) is a downstream effector of PAK, and it is known to play an important role in cell invasion. Here we show that nischarin also associates with LIMK to inhibit LIMK activation, cofilin phosphorylation, and LIMK-mediated invasion of breast cancer cells, suggesting that nischarin regulates cell invasion by negative modulation of the LIMK/cofilin pathway. The amino terminus of nischarin binds to the PDZ and kinase domains of LIMK. Although LIMK activation enhances the interaction with nischarin, only phosphorylation of threonine 508 of LIMK is crucial for the interaction. Inhibition of endogenous nischarin expression by RNA interference stimulates breast cancer cell invasion. Also, nischarin small interfering RNA (siRNA) enhances cofilin phosphorylation. In addition, knock-down of nischarin showed branched projection actin structures. Collectively these data indicate that nischarin siRNA may enhance random migration, resulting in stimulation of invasion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, LSU Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Yuemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Milosavljevic
authors.forename: Suresh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Alahari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D051338:Cofilin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D054755:Imidazoline Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054461:Lim Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051338:Cofilin 1; D054755:Imidazoline Receptors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C458505:NISCH protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D054461:Lim Kinases