title: Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of hybrid molecules out of quinazolinimines and lipoic acid lead to highly potent and selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors with antioxidant properties.
abstract: A set of hybrid molecules were synthesized out of lipoic acid, alpha,omega-diamines of different lengths serving as spacers, and cholinesterase (ChE) inhibiting [2,1-b]quinazolinimines. Depending on the length of the alkylene spacer the amide hybrids are inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with inhibitory activities of 0.5-4.6microM and inhibitors of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) with activities down to 5.7nM, therefore greatly exceeding the inhibitory activities of the parent quinazolinimines by factors of up to 1000. Due to increasing activity at BChE with increasing length of the alkylene spacer approximately 100-fold selectivity toward BChE is reached with a hepta- and an octamethylene spacer. Kinetic measurements reveal competitive and reversible inhibition of both ChEs by the hybrids. Furthermore, cell viability and antioxidant activity (using the ORAC-fluorescein assay) of several hybrids were evaluated, showing cytotoxicity at concentrations from 3.7 to 10.2microM and antioxidant properties are in the range of 0.4-0.8 Trolox equivalents (lipoic acid=0.6).
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische/Medizinische Chemie, Institut für Pharmazie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Philosophenweg 14, D-07743 Jena, Germany. m.decker@uni-jena.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heilmann
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015195:Drug Design; D007097:Imines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000737:chemistry; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007097:Imines; D011799:Quinazolines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008063:Thioctic Acid; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase