title: Effects of microbubbles on ultrasound-mediated gene transfer in human prostate cancer PC3 cells: comparison among Levovist, YM454, and MRX-815H.
abstract: We compared the enhancement effects of three different echo contrast agents (ECAs); Levovist, YM454, and MRX-815H as artificial microbubbles on ultrasound mediated gene transfection (USMGT) with 1MHz ultrasound at 0.2MPa using a luciferase expression vector in PC3 cells and elucidated the mechanisms of differences of USMGT facilitation by these ECAs. At a concentration of each ECA that induced iso-survival, ECAs with lipid shell (YM454 and MRX-815H) facilitated USMGT higher than those without shell (Levovist), and the order of the ECAs facilitating free radical formation by sonication was; YM454>MRX-815H>Levovist. These results suggested that the lipid shell type ECAs facilitated gene transfer higher than that by the non-shell type ECA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Remon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Otake
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morii
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Shinobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fuse
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D045423:Microbubbles; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms; D013010:Sonication; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011134:Polysaccharides; C059891:SHU 508; D008156:Luciferases