title: Maternal and offspring genetic variants of AKR1C3 and the risk of childhood leukemia.
abstract: The aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) gene located on chromosome 10p15-p14, a regulator of myeloid cell proliferation and differentiation, represents an important candidate gene for studying human carcinogenesis. In a prospectively enrolled population-based case-control study of Han Chinese conducted in Kaohsiung in southern Taiwan, a total of 114 leukemia cases and 221 controls <20 years old were recruited between November 1997 and December 2005. The present study set out to evaluate the association between childhood leukemia and both maternal and offspring's genotypes. To do so, we conducted a systematic assessment of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 5' flanking 10 kb to 3' UTR of AKR1C3 gene. Gln5His and three tagSNPs (rs2245191, rs10508293 and rs3209896) and one multimarker (rs2245191, rs10508293 and rs3209896) were selected with average 90% coverage of untagged SNPs by using the HapMap II data set. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were adjusted for age and gender. After correcting for multiple comparisons, we observed that risk of developing childhood leukemia is significantly associated with rs10508293 polymorphism on intron 4 of the AKR1C3 gene in both offspring alone and in the combined maternal and offspring genotypes (nominal P < 0.0001, permutation P < 0.005). The maternal methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase A1298C polymorphism was found to be an effect modifier of the maternal intron 4 polymorphism of the AKR1C3 gene (rs10508293) and the childhood leukemia risk. In conclusion, this study suggests that AKR1C3 polymorphisms may be important predictive markers for childhood leukemia susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Chen-yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi-Hsiang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Pi-Chen
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Ming-Tsang
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chi-Kung
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Christiani
mesh_terms: D015096:3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000074425:Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002879:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D006911:Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics*; D007938:Leukemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000235:genetics; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000235:genetics*; D009035:Mothers; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D015096:3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; D006911:Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases; C487341:AKR1C3 protein, human; D000074425:Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)