title: Protein oxidation as a novel biomarker of bladder decompensation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the degree to which partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) results in oxidative bladder damage, which subcellular components of the bladder are affected and whether these changes correlate with bladder function.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 32 rabbits were divided into four groups. Each group underwent PBOO for 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks, respectively. Bladder tissue from each group was homogenized and separated into subcellular fractions via differential centrifugation. The carbonyl content within the subcellular fractions, including the nuclear, mitochondrial, and microsomal pellets, was then quantified by dot blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total bladder oxidation increased with duration of obstruction across all subcellular fractions. The largest increase in total oxidation occurred between 4 and 8 weeks. Protein oxidation density in the nuclear and microsomal fractions both showed increases at 2 weeks obstruction, decreases at 4 weeks, and then large increases at 8 weeks. The increase in protein oxidation density between 4 and 8 weeks obstruction was most pronounced in the microsomal fraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall bladder protein oxidation increased with the duration of obstruction and increased at a greater rate during the transition to decompensation. Furthermore, the subcellular fraction that exhibited the most oxidation was the microsomal pellet. The amount of protein oxidation correlated with the functional changes in the bladder.
authors.affiliation: Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
authors.forename: Carmin M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kalorin
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mannikarottu
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leggett
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weisbrot
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Barry A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Kogan
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species