title: Anti-nociceptive effects induced by intrathecal injection of BmK AS, a polypeptide from the venom of Chinese-scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch, in rat formalin test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Asian scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch (BmK) is widely used to treat neurological symptoms, especially chronic pain, in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. BmK AS, a polypeptide from BmK venom, could produce peripheral potent anti-nociceptive effects in rats. In the present study, spinal anti-nociceptive effects of BmK AS were investigated in rat formalin test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spinal anti-nociceptive activity of BmK AS was studied using formalin test in rats. BmK AS in doses of 0.02, 0.1 and 0.5 microg was administered intrathecally before formalin injection 10 min. The suppression by intrathecal injection of BmK AS on formalin-induced spontaneous nociceptive behaviors and spinal c-Fos expression were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intrathecal injection of BmK AS markedly reduced formalin-evoked biphasic spontaneous nociceptive behaviors in a dose-dependent manner. Formalin-induced c-Fos expression could be dose-dependently inhibited by BmK AS in superficial (I-II), the nucleus proprius (III and IV) and deep (V-VI) dorsal horn laminae, but not in the ventral gray laminae (VII-X) of lumbar spinal cord. The suppression by BmK AS on c-Fos expression in superficial laminaes was much stronger than that in deep laminaes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates that BmK AS is capable of producing remarkable anti-nociceptive effects not only in periphery but also in spinal cord.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, PR China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xue-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zhan-Tao
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Yong-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005557:Formaldehyde; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D016762:Genes, fos / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects*; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012604:Scorpion Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; C119407:BmK AS polypeptide; D010455:Peptides; D012604:Scorpion Venoms; D005557:Formaldehyde