title: The conundrum of hyperuricemia, metabolic syndrome, and renal disease.
abstract: The level of serum uric acid in human has been increasing over the last decades, and correlates with an increase prevalence of renal disease and metabolic syndrome. Understanding the role of uric acid in these conditions may provide clues for preventing the current epidemic of renal disease. Controversy still remains if hyperuricemia is simply a consequence or a cause of renal disease although epidemiological studies have attempted to resolve this issue. In this review, we discuss the clinical and experimental evidence for a causal role of hyperuricemia in renal diseases and potential relationships of hyperuricemia with metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Transplantation, University of Florida, PO Box 100224, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA, nakagt@medicine.ufl.edu.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cirillo
authors.forename: Waichi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gersch
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sautin
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roncal
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: L Gabriela
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Lozada
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000150:complications*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid