title: Analysis of LOXL1 polymorphisms in a United States population with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify if recently described LOXL1 (lysyl oxidase-like 1) polymorphisms are associated with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (XFG) in a United States (U.S.) Caucasian patient population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals with XFG were identified using standard clinical examination techniques. TaqMan allelic discrimination assays were used to genotype 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that tag LOXL1 in Caucasian individuals. The coding region of exon 1 that includes the previously associated SNP, rs1048661, was sequenced. Allele and genotype frequencies were compared between cases and unrelated controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty affected individuals and 235 control individuals were recruited into this study. We replicated the previously reported association of three SNPs (rs1048661, rs2165241, and rs3825942) in our independent XFG population (single SNP p-values were 0.001-0.02). The risk alleles at these three and several other intragenic SNPs are part of an extended XFG-associated LOXL1 haplotype with a frequency of 32.0% in XFG patients and 21.6% in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have performed an analysis of LOXL1 and XFG in a United States patient population and have confirmed the strong association previously reported for Icelandic and Swedish samples. However, due to the high frequency of risk alleles in non-XFG individuals, this association should not form the basis of a diagnostic test for XFG. It is likely that additional genetic or environmental factors modulate the penetrance of LOXL1 susceptibility alleles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. chall001@mc.duke.edu
authors.forename: Pratap
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Challa
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Yutao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Robin R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Vann
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: R Rand
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Allingham
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hauser
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000594:Amino Acid Oxidoreductases; C445313:LOXL1 protein, human