title: Life events and hippocampal volume in first-episode major depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are many studies on life events in depression and also several studies examining brain structural changes in the hippocampus of depressed patients. However, only few studies have focused on the association of life events and hippocampal volume in depression. The hypothesis of a significant negative association between life events and hippocampal volumes in first episode depression was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  28 in-patients with a first episode of major depression were examined with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging measuring hippocampal volumes. The precourse of depression was assessed with the Interview for the Retrospective Assessment of the Onset and Course of Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses (IRAOS) and life events by using the Munich Interview for the Assessment of Life Events and Conditions (MEL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant negative correlation between major life events three month before the onset of depression and the left hippocampal volume was found for male patients. In female patients no significant association between major life events and hippocampal volumes could be found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results support the hypothesis that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of major depression in the early phase of the disorder particularly for male patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany. klaus_kronmueller@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Klaus-Thomas
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kronmüller
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pantel
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Götz
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mundt
authors.forename: Vincent A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Magnotta
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giesel
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Essig
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schröder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents