Platensimycin: a promising antimicrobial targeting fatty acid synthesis.
Platensimycin was recently discovered by Merck Research Laboratories and has created considerable interest given its potent antibacterial activity and mode of action. The use of RNA gene-silencing techniques and screening libraries of natural products allowed Merck to find this antibiotic which may have otherwise been missed using conventional methods. Interestingly, platensimycin has shown good activity against a panel of Gram positive organisms which included various resistant strains. Platensimycin works by inhibiting beta-ketoacyl synthases I/II (FabF/B) which are key enzymes in the production of fatty acids required for bacterial cell membranes. So far, a number of groups have explored synthetic strategies for platensimycin and this work has subsequently lead to the synthesis of active analogues. Given its mode of action, it is intriguing as to why Merck themselves patented only a single compound and have not apparently sought to generate further libraries. This review will discuss the origins of platensimycin, its mechanism of action, synthetic schemes and where the future may take us following this fascinating discovery.
Manallack
D T
DT
Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Action, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. David.Manallack@vcp.monash.edu.au
Crosby
I T
IT
Khakham
Y
Y
Capuano
B
B
D015099:3-Oxoacyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000218:Adamantane / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D062365:Aminobenzoates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000627:Aminophenols / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000813:Anilides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D062365:Aminobenzoates; D000627:Aminophenols; D000813:Anilides; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005227:Fatty Acids; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D015099:3-Oxoacyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Synthase; D000218:Adamantane; C510909:platensimycin; C520340:platencin