title: Heparin-bound transforming growth factor-beta3 enhances neocartilage formation by rabbit mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Heparin binds growth factors to form a stable complex that maintains the biological activity and can retard the release pattern. To differentiate the embedded the stem cells, heparin-bind transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta3 was mixed with rabbit mesenchymal stem cells encapsulated with thermo-reversible hydrogel. It is suggested that the heparin-bound TGF-beta3 would help to increase the chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit mesenchymal stem cells in thermo-reversible hydrogel.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the optimal condition for neocartilage formation, we characterized hydrogel constructs with growth factor release profiles, confocal laser microscopy, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis, and histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the resultant cartilage tissue revealed that a thermo-reversible hydrogels with a heparin-bound TGF-beta3 was optimal for cartilage tissue formation as measured by production of collagen Type II, aggrecan, and SOX9, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein gene expression. Additionally, the proliferation rate and cartilage specific ECM production were both significantly greater in the presence of heparin-bound TGF-beta3 than in the control. The amount of cartilage-associated ECM proteins was examined by immunohistochemical staining (collagen type II), Safranin-O staining, and Alcian blue staining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate the potential use of heparin-binding TGFbeta-3 for reconstruction of neocartilage formation.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University, CHA Stem Cell Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Dae Gyun
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Han Na
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hye Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Keun-Hong
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D002356:Cartilage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3 / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3; D006493:Heparin