Multiple evaluations of the removal of pollutants in road runoff by soil infiltration.
Groundwater replenishment by infiltration of road runoff is expected to be a promising option for ensuring a sustainable urban water cycle. In this study, we performed a soil infiltration column test using artificial road runoff equivalent to approximately 11-12 years of rainfall to evaluate the removal of pollutants by using various chemical analyses and bioassay tests. These results indicated that soil infiltration treatment works effectively to remove most of the pollutants such as organic matter (chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)), P species, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), numerous heavy metals and oestrogenic activities. Bioassay tests, including algal growth inhibition test, Microtox and mutagen formation potential (MFP) test, also revealed effective removal of toxicities by the soils. However, limited amounts of NO3, Mn, Ni, alkaline earth metals, perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctane sulphonamide (FOSA) were removed by the soils and they possibly reach the groundwater and cause contamination.
Murakami
Michio
M
Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry (LOG), Institute of Symbiotic Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
Sato
Nobuyuki
N
Anegawa
Aya
A
Nakada
Norihide
N
Harada
Arata
A
Komatsu
Toshiya
T
Takada
Hideshige
H
Tanaka
Hiroaki
H
Ono
Yoshiro
Y
Furumai
Hiroaki
H
D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001681:Biological Assay; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012987:Soil; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D010758:Phosphorus; C063900:perfluorooctanesulfonamide; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; D009584:Nitrogen