title: Leukemia inhibitory factor induces an antiapoptotic response in oligodendrocytes through Akt-phosphorylation and up-regulation of 14-3-3.
abstract: Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) promotes the survival of oligodendrocytes (OLG) both in vitro and in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Here, we show that LIF protects mature rat OLG cultures selectively against the combined insult of the proinflammatory cytokines interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, but it does not protect against oxidative stress nor against staurosporine induced apoptosis. We further demonstrate that LIF activates the janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt pathway in mature OLG. We show that LIF protection is independent of suppressors of cytokine signaling and Bcl-2 mRNA expression levels. To gain further insight into the protective mechanism, a quantitative proteomic approach (DIGE) was applied to identify differentially expressed proteins in LIF-treated OLG. Our results indicate that LIF induces a shift in the cellular machinery toward a prosurvival execution program, illustrated by an enhanced expression of isoforms of the antiapoptotic molecule 14-3-3. These data provide further insight into the mechanisms of LIF-mediated protection of mature OLGs.
authors.affiliation: Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute and Transnationale Universiteit Limburg, School of Life Sciences, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Slaets
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.forename: Joris
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vanderlocht
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Noben
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leprince
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robben
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stinissen
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hellings
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt