title: Laparoscopy and intersex: report of 5 cases of male pseudohermaphroditism.
abstract: From May, 1999 to August, 2006, we performed laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment for 103 cases of impalpable testes. Among those we found 5 cases of male pseudohermaphroditism of different etiologies. Three males presented by impalpable testes with ambiguous genitalia and 2 females presented by primary amenorrhea. All of them have 46-XY normal male chromosomal pattern. In the first 3 cases, the etiology was complete gonadal dysgenesis, and 2 cases with persistent Mullerian syndrome. Timed gonadectomy for the first case and laparoscopic orchiopexy for the other 2 cases were performed. For the other 2 female cases, the etiology was complete androgen insensitivity syndrome and laparoscopic bilateral orchiectomy was performed for both of them. All the procedures were done without complications with satisfactory results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gad El-Moula
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izaki
authors.forename: Fathy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: El-Anany
authors.forename: Alaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abd El-Moneim
authors.forename: Abd
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Moneim El-Haggagy
authors.forename: Yasser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abdelsalam
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abolyosr
authors.forename: Tomoteru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Natsuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Tomoharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukumori
authors.forename: Hiro-Omi
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Kanayama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D013734:Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000150:complications; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006059:Gonadal Dysgenesis / Q000150:complications; D006066:Gonads / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D009095:Mullerian Ducts / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome