Immunogenetic basis of HIV-1 infection, transmission and disease progression.
Susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and rate of disease progression to AIDS are complex traits modulated by environmental and genetic factors. Studies on large AIDS cohorts and their meta-analyses have identified numerous AIDS restriction genes that regulate HIV cell entry (particularly chemokine co-receptors and their ligands), acquired and innate immunity (major histocompatibility complex (MHC), killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), and cytokines) and others that influence outcome of HIV infection. However, vast inter-individual variability is often observed and some rare individuals like 'long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) or exposed uninfected' (EUs) appear to be protected due to natural resistance. A better understanding of genetic basis of such a 'natural resistance' to infection would bear important implications in designing therapeutic vaccine designs. The genetic variants that could limit AIDS vary in different populations. We have studied genetic variations in the MHC, cytokines and CCR2-CCR5 loci in the Asian-Indian HIV-infected population and compared with other global populations.
Singh
Paras
P
Department of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
Kaur
Gurvinder
G
Sharma
Gaurav
G
Mehra
Narinder K
NK
D000483:Alleles; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005828:Genetics, Population; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007125:Immunogenetics; D007194:India; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D054390:Receptors, CCR2 / Q000235:genetics; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics; D054340:Receptors, KIR / Q000235:genetics
D016207:Cytokines; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D054340:Receptors, KIR