title: [Effects on distant metastasis of misdiagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of situation of misdiagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) on distant metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The history of diagnosis and treatment of 85 newly diagnosed cases with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were studied by using itemized questionnaire purposely; 433 patients with different prognosis were analyzed retrospectively for the misdiagnoses and mistreatment, including surgical biopsy in the neck.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) The rate of misdiagnosis of 85 patients was 72.64%, and the percentage decreased as the level of the hospitals increased; the majority of the patients (77.36%) were diagnoses within 1 month after the first symptom had appeared; the number of diseases misdiagnosed was 20, most common of which were lymphnoditis, tuberculosis of lymph node and secretory tympanitis; (2) Our data showed that among 433 patients analysed retrospectively, 60 cases had undergone surgical biopsy in the neck, 75% of whom had never received nasopharyngeal biopsy; 43 cases had underwent nasopharyngeal biopsy after the pathological diagnosis as metastatic carcinoma of neck biopsy (71.67%) and the rest (20.0%) received radiotherapy directly or after negative nasopharyngeal biopsy for merely 1 to 4 times; of those 43 cases who were diagnosed as NPC by nasopharyngeal biopsy, 79.17% got positive results at first sampling. (3) Rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment including surgical biopsy in the neck of patients who had been tumor-free for 5 years or above was significantly lower than that of those who experienced distant metastasis after or before treatment (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Misdiagnosis and mistreatment including biopsy by surgery of neck is common even in high-grade hospitals; it is doctor that is responsible for this situation; the high occurrence rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment, biopsy by neck surgery, especially the delayed treatment after the neck biopsy are the factors that contribute to distant metastasis of NPC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China. ligenmo@163.com
authors.forename: Ligen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Guoqian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: Guangwu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Rongning
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D006801:Humans; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome