title: Increased matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in the human internal mammary artery is associated with ageing, hypertension, diabetes and kidney dysfunction.
abstract: Dysregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in the vasculature has been suggested to be associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease and renal injury. In this descriptive study, we hypothesized that arterial MMP-2 activity is elevated in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, smoking and ageing, and that it correlates with the degree of kidney function. MMP-2 activity in internal mammary arteries (n = 37) was measured using gelatinolytic zymography, and cutoffs were determined using sample-derived medians. Patient demographics and clinical data were analyzed, and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated. High MMP-2 activity (>60,000 units) was associated with age, hypertension and diabetes (p = 0.0034, 0.06 and 0.0034, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that age and diabetes were independent predictors of high MMP-2 activity. There is a trend towards increased MMP-2 activity and reduced eGFR (p = 0.010). The current exploratory work describes that the activity of MMP-2 in the internal mammary artery is correlated with age, hypertension, diabetes and eGFR. It is the first report suggesting that MMP-2 in the arterial vasculature could be the possible mediator crucial in linking the progression of kidney function to cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: The James Hogg iCAPTURE Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. adawingyee@yahoo.ca
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Breemen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension; D007674:Kidney Diseases; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000201:enzymology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2