title: Extensor indicis proprius transfer for the abducted small finger.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Persistent abduction of the small finger has usually been treated by transfer of the extensor digiti minimi muscle. However, anatomic variations of the extensor system may limit the potential for a successful extensor digiti minimi transfer. Therefore, we evaluated the outcomes of an alternative reconstruction method for the abducted small finger using an extensor indicis proprius (EIP) transfer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed 8 EIP transfers in 8 patients with persistent, flexible abduction posturing of the small finger. The primary etiology of the deformity was incomplete motor reinnervation after surgeries for ulnar neuropathy in 6 patients, rupture of the third palmar interosseous musculotendinous unit in 1 patient, and intrinsic muscle fibrosis in 1 patient. The EIP was elongated by splitting the tendinous portion and was transferred to the distal and radial part of the extensor hood. Surgical outcomes were assessed by comparing preoperative and postoperative active adduction and abduction motion of the 2 ulnar digits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the mean follow-up of 23 months, the average adduction angle improved from 19 degrees to 1 degrees postoperatively. In terms of active finger motion, 6 patients showed excellent results, 1 good, and 1 fair, without loss of flexion and extension. No patient had an extension lag or complained of functional deficits of the donor index finger. There was not adverse change to digital function or range of motion for the middle and ring fingers that are crossed by the EIP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extensor indicis proprius transfer can be a reliable option for correction of abduction deformity of the small finger, maintaining active abduction and full flexion and extension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Moon Sang
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Goo Hyun
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Joo Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Young Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hoyune Esther
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Hyun Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Gong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D005385:Fingers / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006227:Hand Deformities, Acquired / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012421:Rupture; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000150:complications; D013709:Tendon Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D020424:Ulnar Neuropathies / Q000150:complications