title: On-line measurements of delta(15)N in biological fluids by a modified continuous-flow elemental analyzer with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer.
abstract: A modified continuous-flow elemental analyzer coupled to an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (modified EA-IRMS) was tested for on-line delta(15)N measurement on urea solution and biological fluids (e.g. urine). The elemental analyzer configuration was adapted by adding a U-shaped cold trap and an X-pattern four-way valve for on-line trapping/venting of water from the liquid samples. Results indicate that the delta(15)N ratios show little variation (standard deviation (SD) = 0.05 per thousand) with a sample size above the equivalent N yield of 0.2 mg urea (0.092 mg N) when the mass spectrometer conditions were carefully optimized. By contrast, a significant logarithmic decrease in delta(15)N with sample size was observed but this can be offset by applying a linearity correction or blank correction when the sample size is between equivalent N yields of 0.05 and 0.2 mg urea. The blank corrected delta(15)N ratios give an overall precision of approximately 0.16 per thousand whereas the average precision for delta(15)N corrected using combined linearity and shift correction is 0.05 per thousand. The relatively large variation in blank corrected delta(15)N values may be attributed to the variability of the blank delta(15)N in the sequence. Therefore, the blank correction should be carefully performed in routine measurements. As a result, the linearity range of a modified EA-IRMS can be extended to a minimum sample size of 0.023 mg N. In addition, the reproducibility of the new system is good, as indicated by the precision (<0.2 per thousand) for a set of standards and unknowns. The data show that fluids containing nitrogen can be successfully analyzed in the modified EA-IRMS.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. xukingw@163.com
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lianjun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Fusong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhongli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014508:Urea / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D014867:Water; D014508:Urea