title: [Clinicopathologic analysis of dilated heart in cardiac transplant recipients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the pathologic features of dilated heart in cardiac transplant recipients, with clinicoradiologic correlation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty recipient hearts from cardiac transplantation performed in Fuwai Hospital were analyzed by gross examination, histologic observation and electron microscopy. Clinicoradiologic correlation was available in 40 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amongst the 40 cases of dilated heart, 52.5% (21/40) were due to dilated cardiomyopathy, 22.5% (9/40) due to arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, 15.0% (6/40) due to ischemic cardiomyopathy, and the remaining 10.0% (4/40) due to miscellaneous causes, including local noncompaction of ventricular myocardium, giant cell myocarditis, alcoholic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive cardiomyopathy. The discrepancy rate between clinical and pathologic diagnosis was 37.5% (15/40). The erroneous categories included arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (7 cases), ischemic cardiomyopathy (5 cases), and giant cell myocarditis (1 case), which were all mistaken clinically as dilated cardiomyopathy. While ischemic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, noncompaction of ventricular myocardium and giant cell myocarditis have distinctive pathologic features, the diagnosis of alcoholic and hypertensive cardiomyopathies required clinicopathologic correlation. Dilated cardiomyopathy due to viral myocarditis was not identified in the cases studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pathologic examination is essential in analysis of transplant recipient heart and helps to rectify clinical diagnostic discrepancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. lvfengyingxl@sina.com
authors.forename: Feng-Ying
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Lai-Feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Hong-Yue
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lin-Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing-Zhi
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wen-Xue
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Si
authors.forename: Lian-Zhuang
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ran-Xu
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019571:Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D002310:Cardiomyopathy, Alcoholic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000473:pathology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*