Molecular basis of the mammalian pressure-sensitive ion channels: focus on vascular mechanotransduction.
Mechano-gated ion channels are implicated in a variety of neurosensory functions ranging from touch sensitivity to hearing. In the heart, rhythm disturbance subsequent to mechanical effects is also associated with the activation of stretch-sensitive ion channels. Arterial autoregulation in response to hemodynamic stimuli, a vital process required for protection against hypertension-induced injury, is similarly dependent on the activity of force-sensitive ion channels. Seminal work in prokaryotes and invertebrates, including the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the fruit fly drosophila, greatly helped to identify the molecular basis of volume regulation, hearing and touch sensitivity. In mammals, more recent findings have indicated that members of several structural family of ion channels, namely the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, the amiloride-sensitive ENaC/ASIC channels and the potassium channels K2P and Kir are involved in cellular mechanotransduction. In the present review, we will focus on the molecular and functional properties of these channel subunits and will emphasize on their role in the pressure-dependent arterial myogenic constriction and the flow-mediated vasodilation.
Folgering
Joost H A
JH
Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS-UMR6097, 660 route des Lucioles, Sophia Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France.
Sharif-Naeini
Reza
R
Dedman
Alexandra
A
Patel
Amanda
A
Delmas
Patrick
P
Honoré
Eric
E
D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology*; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D011312:Pressure; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000502:physiology*
D015221:Potassium Channels; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels; D002118:Calcium