title: Difference in Ca2+ oscillation-inducing activity and nuclear translocation ability of PLCZ1, an egg-activating sperm factor candidate, between mouse, rat, human, and medaka fish.
abstract: Mouse phospholipase C, zeta 1 (PLCZ1), a strong candidate of egg-activating sperm factor, induces Ca(2+) oscillations and accumulates into formed pronucleus (PN) when expressed by cRNA injection. These activities were compared among mouse and human PLCZ1, newly cloned rat Plcz1, and medaka fish plcz1. The PLCZ1 proteins of the four species have an approximately homologous sequence of nuclear localization signal. However, the nuclear translocation ability was defective in rat, human, and medaka PLCZ1 expressed in mouse eggs. Rat PLCZ1 could not enter rat PN, whereas mouse PLCZ1 could. Mouse and human PLCZ1 translocated into the nucleus of COS-7 cells transfected with cDNA. There was little medaka PLCZ1 accumulated in the nucleus, and rat PLCZ1 was never located in the nucleus. All PLCZ1 proteins including fish could induce Ca(2+) oscillations in mouse eggs, but the activity was variable in the order of human >> mouse > medaka >> rat, estimated from minimal RNA concentration to induce Ca(2+) spikes. Ca(2+) oscillations by human PLCZ1 continued far beyond the time of PN formation (T(PN)), whereas those by mouse PLCZ1 ceased slightly before T(PN). High-frequency Ca(2+) spikes by overexpressed rat PLCZ1 stopped far before T(PN), possibly by feedback inhibition. Ca(2+) oscillations by fertilization of rat eggs stopped at T(PN), despite defective nuclear translocation of rat PLCZ1. Thus, PLCZ1 sequestration into PN participates in termination of Ca(2+) oscillations at the interphase of mouse embryos but does not always operate in other mammals, notably in rat embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan. mito557@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Tomohide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shikano
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Awaji
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mitani
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D019556:COS Cells; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009990:Oryzias; D010063:Ovum / Q000378:metabolism; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C499235:PLCZ1 protein, human; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; C499234:Plcz1 protein, mouse