title: Nitric oxide activated by p38 and NF-kappaB facilitates apoptosis and cell cycle arrest under oxidative stress in evodiamine-treated human melanoma A375-S2 cells.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) has been identified as a fundamental molecule that interplays with reactive oxygen species (ROS) in determining cell fate. As a previous study indicated that ROS was stimulated in evodiamine-induced human melanoma A375-S2 cell apoptosis, the goal of this study was to investigate the role of NO in the cells. In this study, it was found that evodiamine has a strong inductive effect on NO production synthesized by inducible NOS (iNOS) enzyme in a positive-feedback manner. The generated NO was further showed to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and linked to the activation of p53 and p21. After interruption of p38 and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) by pre-treatment with SB203580 and PDTC, iNOS expression, NO synthesis and cell damage were all significantly blocked. It was concluded that p38 and NF-kappaB were critical to the NO producing system, which contributed greatly to the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in evodiamine-incubated cells.
authors.affiliation: China-Japan Research Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, PR, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikejima
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D007093:Imidazoles; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D011799:Quinazolines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C020972:pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C049639:evodiamine; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester