title: A pinusolide derivative, 15-methoxypinusolidic acid from Biota orientalis inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase in microglial cells: implication for a potential anti-inflammatory effect.
abstract: The inhibitory effect of 15-methoxypinusolidic acid (15-MPA) isolated from Biota orientalis (Cupressaceae) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in microglial BV2 cells was investigated. 15-MPA significantly reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), the activity of iNOS, and the production of nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. In addition, 15-MPA significantly suppressed the expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. However, 15-MPA did not affect LPS-induced degradation of inhibitor kappaB-alpha (IkappaB-alpha) and translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) into the nucleus. LPS-activated p38 MAPK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-1/2, and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) were not affected by 15-MPA. Taken together, this study demonstrates that 15-MPA inhibits LPS-induced iNOS expression and NO production, independent on MAPK and NF-kappaB, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect of the compound on microglial cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Youngju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Aree
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Young Choong
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D029783:Thuja; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C464724:15-methoxypinusolidic acid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004224:Diterpenes; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606205:Nfkbia protein, mouse; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4