title: The effect of maternal body condition score before and during pregnancy on the glucose tolerance of adult sheep offspring.
abstract: This study investigates the effects of diet-induced changes in maternal body condition on glucose tolerance in sheep. Welsh Mountain ewes were established, by dietary manipulation, at a body condition score of 2 (lower body condition [LBCS], n = 17) or >3 (higher body condition [HBCS], n = 19) prior to and during pregnancy. Birth weight and postnatal growth were similar in LBCS and HBCS offspring. In young adulthood, LBCS offspring had increased fasting glucose levels (3.8 +/- 0.07 vs 3.6 +/- 0.05 mM, P < .05), poorer glucose tolerance (2274 +/- 22.6 vs 2161 +/- 33 min/mM, P < .01), and reduced insulin secretion (0.58 +/- 0.05 vs 0.71 +/- 0.07 nM/min, P = .07). Increased fasting glycemia, mild glucose intolerance, and impaired initial insulin secretory response, as observed in LBCS offspring, are indictors of increased diabetes risk in humans. These findings suggest that altered maternal body composition and an imbalance between the fetal and postnatal environment influence offspring glucose tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. rlc34@cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Roselle L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Cripps
authors.forename: Lucy R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Malgorzata S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Martin-Gronert
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monk
authors.forename: I Martin
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Sheldon
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Hales
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ozanne
mesh_terms: D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001824:Body Constitution / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011897:Random Allocation; D012756:Sheep / Q000097:blood / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose