title: Collagens, stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha and basic fibroblast growth factor increase cancer cell invasiveness in a hyaluronan hydrogel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Beyond to control of cell migration, differentiation and proliferation, the extracellular matrix (ECM) also contributes to invasiveness of human cancers. As the roles of hyaluronan (HA) and collagens in this process are still controversial, we have investigated their involvement in cancer pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  With this aim in view, we developed a three-dimensional matrix, as reticulate HA hydrogel alone or coated with different collagens, in which cells could invade and grow.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We show that cancer cells, which were non-invasive in a single HA hydrogel, acquired this capacity in the concomitant presence of type I or III collagens. Both types of ECM compound, HA and collagens, possess the capacity to stimulate production of metalloprotease-2, recognized otherwise as a factor for poor cancer prognosis. HA-provoked cellular invasiveness resulted from CD44-mediated increase in cytosolic [Ca2+] and its subsequent hydrolysis due to ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) proteolytic activity. Interestingly, this mechanism seemed to be absent in non-invasive cancer cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Furthermore, using basic fibroblast growth factor and stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha, we also show that this three-dimensional reticulate matrix may be considered as a valuable model to study chemokinetic and chemotactic potentials of factors present in tumour stroma.
authors.affiliation: Groupe de Recherche sur le Micro-Environnement et le Renouvellement Cellulaire Intégré (M.E.R.C.I., UPRES EA 3829), Faculté de Médecine Pharmacie, Université de ROUEN, Rouen, France. laurent.david@etu.univ-rouen.fr
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dulong
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Coquerel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Cerf
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cazin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lamacz
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vannier
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2