title: Lifecourse socioeconomic predictors of midlife drinking patterns, problems and abstention: findings from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research suggests that outcomes associated with drinking may differ depending upon patterns of consumption, drinking related symptoms and social problems. This paper investigated socioeconomic predictors (measuring multiple indices, period and consistency of disadvantage) of midlife drinking patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Socioeconomic information from the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study (n=9146) included: manual socioeconomic position and owner/buyer residential tenure (7, 11, 16, 33 and 42 y), and educational attainment (33 y). At 45 y, the overlap between drinking patterns was explored using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Patterns included: 'Moderate-binge' (binge drinkers with low-problem scores, consuming within UK sensible drinking weekly guidelines); Low-Problem Heavy (LPH) drinkers (regardless of binge); 'Problem' (and heavy or binge) and 'Non-/occasional' (< or =monthly) drinkers. These categories were compared to 'Low-risk' drinkers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Socioeconomic disadvantage was consistently associated with moderate-binge, non-/occasional and problem but not LPH drinking. The highest risk was associated with multiple and persistent disadvantage across childhood and adulthood; this risk was partially accounted for education. Non-/occasional and moderate-binge drinking was predicted by disadvantage during childhood alone. The socioeconomic disadvantage of non-/occasional drinkers was not explained by past problem or heavy drinking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Socioeconomic disadvantage across the lifecourse was consistently linked to specific drinking patterns. Furthermore, associations linking socioeconomic disadvantage with drinking patterns will typically be underestimated if multiple and persistent disadvantage is not investigated. The role of persistent socioeconomic disadvantage in the poor health of non-drinkers and moderate-binge drinkers needs investigation. The findings support current initiatives targeting the reduction of social and individual costs associated with specific drinking patterns.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Tanya.Caldwell@anu.edu.au
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: B J M H
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Jefferis
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Stansfeld
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Power
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013695:Temperance; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology