Vitreal penetration of oral moxifloxacin in humans.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the vitreal penetration of moxifloxacin after oral administration.


METHODS
Prospective, nonrandomized clinical series.


METHODS
Twenty-four patients (mean age = 62.8 years) undergoing elective pars plana vitrectomy were assigned to a dosing group: control (n = 3), which received no medication; single-dose (n = 11), which received one 400 mg oral dose of moxifloxacin 3 hours before surgery; and five-dose (n = 10), which received one 400 mg dose on each of the 4 days preceding surgery and a fifth dose 3 hours before surgery. Vitreous samples were obtained and analyzed.


RESULTS
Control, below quantifiable levels; single-dose, 0.572 +/- 0.239 microg/mL; and five-dose, 1.200 +/- 0.645 microg/mL.


CONCLUSIONS
Five doses of oral moxifloxacin lead to higher intravitreal drug concentrations than single-dose administration. Both regimens, however, achieve levels that exceed the MIC90 of many bacteria implicated in postoperative endophthalmitis.
Lott
McGregor N
MN
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miami, FL 33136, USA. mcgnlott@aol.com
Fuller
Jeffrey J
JJ
Hancock
Heather A
HA
Singh
Jasleen
J
Singh
Harinderjit
H
McGwin
Gerald
G
Marcus
Dennis M
DM
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D000077266:Moxifloxacin