title: Mycobacterium xenopi clinical relevance and determinants, the Netherlands.
abstract: In the Netherlands, isolation of Mycobacterium xenopi is infrequent, and its clinical relevance is often uncertain. To determine clinical relevance and determinants, we retrospectively reviewed medical files of all patients in the Netherlands in whom M. xenopi was isolated from January 1999 through March 2005 by using diagnostic criteria for nontuberculous mycobacterial infection published by the American Thoracic Society. We found 49 patients, mostly white men, with an average age of 60 years and pre-existing pulmonary disease; of these patients, 25 (51%) met the diagnostic criteria. Mycobacterial genotype, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, was associated with true infection. Most infections were pulmonary, but pleural and spinal infections (spinal in HIV-infected patients) were also noted. Treatment regimens varied in content and duration; some patients were over-treated and some were undertreated.
authors.affiliation: Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. j.vaningen@ulc.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Jakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Ingen
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Boeree
authors.forename: Wiel C M
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: de Lange
authors.forename: Wouter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hoefsloot
authors.forename: Saar A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bendien
authors.forename: Cecile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magis-Escurra
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dekhuijzen
authors.forename: Dick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Soolingen
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D019912:Mycobacterium xenopi / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents