title: Serum inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone are not superior to follicle-stimulating hormone as predictors of the presence of sperm in testicular fine-needle aspiration in men with azoospermia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare FSH, inhibin B (INHB), and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as predictors of the recovery of sperm in testicular fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) performed in men with azoospermia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-one men with azoospermia and 31 controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Testicular FNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum FSH, INHB, and AMH levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical diagnoses in men with azoospermia were idiopathic nonobstructive azoospermia (n = 34, 67%), cryptorchidism (n = 4, 8%), varicocele (n = 3, 6%), and other diagnoses (n = 10, 16%). In pairwise comparison of receiver operating characteristic curves, none of FSH (area under curve 0.716), INHB (0.610), AMH (0.565), or volume of the larger testis (0.693) was proved to be superior to the others as predictor of sperm retrieval during an FNA procedure. Similarly, in a logistic regression analysis, none of FSH, AMH, INHB, or volume of the larger testis could predict presence of sperm in FNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum INHB and AMH, as well as their combination, are not superior to FSH as predictors of the presence of sperm in testicular FNA in men with azoospermia and should not be used for this purpose.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. dimitrios.goulis@otenet.gr
authors.forename: Dimitrios G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Goulis
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsametis
authors.forename: Paschalia K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Iliadou
authors.forename: Paris
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Polychronou
authors.forename: Persefoni-Dimitra
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Kantartzi
authors.forename: Basil C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tarlatzis
authors.forename: Ioannis N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Bontis
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papadimas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D053713:Azoospermia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D053625:Sperm Retrieval; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000473:pathology; D014646:Varicocele / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C422364:inhibin B; D007265:Inhibins; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone