title: beta(3)-adrenergic receptor polymorphism and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Some studies indicate that the Trp64Arg polymorphism in the gene encoding the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) is associated with obesity, insulin resistance and earlier onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency of ADRB3 polymorphism and its association with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed the study on 284 randomly chosen postmenopausal women, aged 50-60 years, who were then selected to the study. Measurements of anthropometric parameters and biochemical estimations such as lipid profile, glucose and insulin level in serum were carried out using commercial kits. ADRB3 genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and mini-sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of the Trp64/Arg64 genotype in the investigated population was 13%, and of the Trp64/Trp64 genotype, 85%. The Arg64/Arg64 genotype was present in only 2% of women. Metabolic syndrome was recognized in 22% of women bearing Trp64/Arg64 genotype and in 14% of women bearing Trp64/Trp64 genotype, without a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05 in the chi(2) test). Women bearing the Trp64/Arg64 genotype had lower serum levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) than Trp64/Trp64 genotype women (63.2 +/- 13.0 vs. 71.4 +/- 17.4 mg/dl). Both groups did not differ in any other investigated parameter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trp64Arg polymorphism of the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor gene is not related to metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal Polish women; however, it seems to be associated with decreased HDL-C levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Promotion, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland. dunajska@mp.pl
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dunajska
authors.forename: Felicja
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lwow
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milewicz
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jedrzejuk
authors.forename: Lukasz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Laczmanski
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Belowska-Bien
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szuba
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000235:genetics; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008050:Lipid A / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D017698:Postmenopause; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007328:Insulin; D008050:Lipid A; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D014364:Tryptophan; D001120:Arginine