title: Significant others and gambling treatment outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates the effect of significant others on treatment outcomes among treated pathological gamblers.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cohort study of individuals who received gambling treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oregon Problem Gambling Services (OPGS) for gamblers and their family members.
  
  
  METHODS
  4,410 adult gamblers who were discharged from treatment between August, 2001 and April, 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  OPGS enrollment forms provided gambler gender, age, ethnicity, education level, employment status, gambling-related debt, and whether the gambler had a significant other at the time of enrollment. Termination forms provided information on the type of discharge (successful/unsuccessful) and treatment length (in days). Participation of the gambler's significant other in the family treatment program was identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results showed that age, ethnicity, gambling debt, and having a significant other are associated with the odds of successful treatment. Education level moderates the effect of having a significant other on treatment success. Age, ethnicity, education, employment, and having a significant other participate in treatment significantly impacted gamblers' length in treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that there may be a benefit to integrating significant others in gambling treatment methods. Significant others may act as social supports for gamblers seeking treatment, and involving loved ones in gambling treatment models may positively affect gambler treatment outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors.forename: Prajkta J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Ingle
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marotta
authors.forename: Garnett
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.forename: Jennifer P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Wisdom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009922:Oregon; D012657:Self-Help Groups; D012944:Social Support; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome