title: Two cases of ectopic liver attached to the gallbladder wall.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ectopic liver tissue is occasionally found either attached to the gallbladder or elsewhere in the upper abdomen.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 49-year-old man and a 39-year-old woman were found to have a tongue of liver tissue attached to the serosa of the gallbladder (but separate from the liver) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones. The ectopic liver was removed with the gallbladder and was histologically normal in each case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several embryological hypotheses have been advanced to explain the development of ectopic liver. The anomaly is usually discovered incidentally at operation. Although the tissue is histologically normal.it can develop the same conditions as orthotopic liver.
authors.affiliation: Upper Gl and Laproscopic Unit, Ealing Hospital, Southall, Middlesex, UK.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Griniatsos
authors.forename: Ali A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Riaz
authors.forename: Alberto M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Isla