title: Impact of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors gamma and delta on adiposity in toddlers and preschoolers in the GENESIS Study.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR delta) are promising candidate genes for obesity. Associations between adiposity-related phenotypes and genetic variation in PPAR gamma (Pro12Ala and C1431T), as well as PPAR delta (T+294C) were assessed in 2,102 Greek children aged 1-6 years, as part of a large-scale epidemiological study (Growth, Exercise and Nutrition Epidemiological Study In preSchoolers). In girls aged 3-4 years, the Ala12 allele was associated with higher mid-upper arm (P = 0.010) and hip (P = 0.005) circumferences, as well as subscapular (P = 0.008) and total skinfolds (P = 0.011) that explained 2.0, 3.7, 2.1, and 1.9% of the phenotypic variance, respectively, while the T1431 allele was associated with higher mean values for waist circumference (P = 0.018) and suprailiac skinfold (P = 0.017), genotype accounting for 1.6% of the variance in both phenotypes. No significant effects of PPAR delta T+294C polymorphism or the interaction of the PPAR delta and PPAR gamma variants on adiposity-related phenotypes were observed in any age group or gender. Haplotype-based analysis including both PPAR gamma polymorphisms revealed that in girls aged 3-4 years, the Ala-T haplotype was associated with higher waist (P = 0.014) and hip (P = 0.007) circumferences compared to the common Pro-C haplotype. The PPAR gamma Pro12Ala and C1431T polymorphisms are associated with increased adiposity during early childhood in a gender- and age-specific manner and independently of the PPAR delta T+294C polymorphism.
authors: Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Institute of Diet, Exercise and Lifestyle (IDEAL), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
authors: Vasiliki
authors: V
authors: Lagou
authors: Robert A
authors: RA
authors: Scott
authors: Yannis
authors: Y
authors: Manios
authors: Tun-Li Joshua
authors: TL
authors: Chen
authors: Guan
authors: G
authors: Wang
authors: Evangelia
authors: E
authors: Grammatikaki
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Kortsalioudaki
authors: Thodoris
authors: T
authors: Liarigkovinos
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Moschonis
authors: Eleftheria
authors: E
authors: Roma-Giannikou
authors: Yannis P
authors: YP
authors: Pitsiladis
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000235:genetics*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D047494:PPAR delta; D047495:PPAR gamma