Mineral and bone disorders in patients on dialysis: physiology and clinical consequences.
Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) arises from a series of independent, yet interrelated, disturbances in bone and mineral metabolism. The consequences of failing to control CKD-MBD include increased mortality, cardiovascular and soft-tissue calcification, renal osteodystrophy, and endocrine and bone marrow disturbances. An understanding of the physiology and clinical consequences of the disease illustrates the necessity of simultaneously controlling parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, and calcium-phosphorus product (Ca x P), as recommended by the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQ).
McCarley
Patricia B
PB
Diablo Nephrology Medical Group, Walnut Creek, CA, USA.
Arjomand
Mahiyar
M
D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D012080:Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing; D012307:Risk Factors
D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D002118:Calcium