title: Eye position information on CT increases the identification of acute ischemic hypoattenuation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is possible that identification of eye deviation may sensitize a scan reader to early brain hypodensity associated with an arterial occlusive process. Our aim was to investigate the value of observing eye deviation on blinded CT identification of early hypoattenuation following ischemic infarct.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two staff and 2 fellow neuroradiologists reviewed 75 brain CT scans obtained within 3 hours of acute ischemia from subjects in the Interventional Management of Stroke Study. Films were reviewed 3 months apart, the first time with tape over the eyes on the images, the second with the eyes visible. Readers were asked if early hypoattenuation in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) distribution or if a hyperattenuated MCA was present. kappa statistics were calculated to determine agreement among the 4 readers and between each of the 2 readings by the same reader, not only for the original interpretation of the blinded study neuroradiologist but also for the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) for each subject assigned by an unblinded expert panel. A generalized estimating equations modeling approach was used to look at the overall effect of including eye information for agreement between interpretations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eye information availability was associated with improved agreement for detection of early ischemic hypoattenuation not only among the 4 readers but also between the 4 readers and both the blinded study neuroradiologist (P = .02) and the unblinded expert ASPECTS panel. When comparing first and second readings for hypoattenuation, we also noted increased mean values for sensitivity (46.8% first, 56.5% second), specificity (78.2%, 80.2%), positive predictive value (72.0%, 80.7%), negative predictive value (55.5%, 61.0%), and percentage agreement (61.0%, 67.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Observation of CT eye deviation significantly improves reader identification of acute ischemic hypoattenuation.
authors: Department of Radiology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Mahajan
authors: P T
authors: PT
authors: Minshew
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Khoury
authors: P P
authors: PP
authors: Shu
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Muzaffar
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Abruzzo
authors: J L
authors: JL
authors: Leach
authors: T A
authors: TA
authors: Tomsick
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005123:Eye / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D053483:Eye Movement Measurements; D006801:Humans; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*