title: Impact of improved treatment success on the prevalence of TB in a rural community based on active surveillance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the impact of improved treatment outcome of a cohort of patients treated under DOTS strategy on the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in the community.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data from TB register of one Tuberculosis Unit (TU) in Tiruvallur district of Tamilnadu, and two TB disease surveys conducted in the same area during 1999-2003 were analysed. The successful treatment outcome was compared to the prevalence of TB in the subsequent cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of patients who completed treatment successfully was 75.3% in the first cohort period. This higher proportion of treatment success among patients treated under DOTS in the first cohort period (1999-2001) compared to the 51-55% reported during SCC, resulted in a lower prevalence of smear-positive cases, irrespective of culture results observed in the survey conducted during 2001-2003 compared to that in the survey conducted during 1999-2001 (252 vs. 323 per 100,000; annual decline of 9%). Similarly, a decline in culture-positive cases, irrespective of smear results, was also observed (443 vs. 605; annual decline 11%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The higher proportion of successful completion of treatment after DOTS implementation was associated with a substantial decline in the prevalence of TB. These findings showed that we are in the direction towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
authors: Tuberculosis Research Centre, Chennai.
authors: P G
authors: PG
authors: Gopi
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Subramani
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Chandrasekaran
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Santha
authors: P R
authors: PR
authors: Narayanan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D015331:Cohort Studies; D023801:Directly Observed Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012423:Rural Health; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents