title: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -9 and -13 as prognostic factors in salivary gland cancer.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  In the current study matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-9 and -13 were associated with the prognosis in salivary gland cancer (SGC), indicating that they contribute to the progression and invasion of these malignant tumours.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Elevated levels of certain MMPs have been detected in various advanced human cancer types. The purpose of the study was to analyse the expression of MMP-1, -9 and -13 in SGC by immunohistochemistry and correlate the results to the clinical data and 10-year survival of SGC patients in a nationwide material.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry for MMP-1, -9 and -13 was performed in series of 103 paraffin-embedded sections of SGC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High MMP-13 staining intensity predicted poor survival (3 vs 1; p=0.08) in the whole material studied. High MMP-13 intensity (2+3 vs 1; p=0.05), percentage (2 vs 1; p=0.03) and index (3 vs 1; p=0.02) were associated with poor survival in acinic cell carcinoma. However, high MMP-9 index in adenoid cystic carcinoma (p=0.06) and the percentage of positively staining cells in salivary duct carcinoma patients (p=0.05) was associated with poor survival. High MMP-1 staining intensity (2 vs 0; p=0.06) and index (% x intensity); (2 vs 1, p=0.04) were associated with better overall survival in the whole material.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors: Heikki
authors: H
authors: Luukkaa
authors: Pekka
authors: P
authors: Klemi
authors: Pirkko
authors: P
authors: Hirsimäki
authors: Tero
authors: T
authors: Vahlberg
authors: Atte
authors: A
authors: Kivisaari
authors: Veli-Matti
authors: VM
authors: Kähäri
authors: Reidar
authors: R
authors: Grénman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1