title: Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with reduced long-term cardiovascular risk in patients following a complicated acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The impact on prognosis of alcohol use in patients with coronary artery disease remains uncertain. We related alcohol use to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular (CV)-mortality and hospitalization in patients following a complicated myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  METHODS
  In the OPTIMAAL trial, 5477 patients from 7 Western European countries with heart failure and/or evidence of left ventricular dysfunction following MI were recruited. Following randomization median 3 days, patients were asked to assess their average alcohol consumption prior to the index infarction. Patients were stratified by the frequency of the use of alcohol into either non-users (n = 2160), moderate users (1-7 drinks/week, n = 2753) and heavy users (> 7 drinks/week, n = 545) and related to prespecified clinical outcomes in the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 5477 patients were included in the trial. During the follow-up period of 2.7 years 946 deaths were reported. Adjusted for age and smoking status, patients with moderate use of alcohol had 24% lower risk of all-cause death (p < 0.001), 26% lower risk of CV-death (p < 0.000) and 8% lower risk for hospitalization (p = 0.030) than abstainers. There was no significant difference between non-drinkers and heavy drinkers with regard to survival following adjustment for age and smoking status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate a strong positive association between moderate alcohol use and survival in a cohort of patients following complicated MI. Both heavy drinkers and abstainers had poorer prognosis, with no significance difference between those 2 groups.
authors: Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway. Hagerman@online.no
authors: Trygve
authors: T
authors: Brügger-Andersen
authors: Volker
authors: V
authors: Pönitz
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Snapinn
authors: Kenneth
authors: K
authors: Dickstein
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors