title: Predominance of a bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus salivarius component of a five-strain probiotic in the porcine ileum and effects on host immune phenotype.
abstract: Relative predominance of each of five probiotic strains was investigated in the ileum of weaned pigs, compared with that in feces, when administered in combination at c. 5 x 10(9) CFU day(-1) for 28 days. Probiotic was excreted at 10(6)-10(9) CFU g(-1) feces, while ileal survival ranged from 10(2) to 10(6) CFU g(-1) digesta. In contrast to the feces, where Lactobacillus murinus DPC6002 predominated, the bacteriocin-producing Lactobacillus salivarus DPC6005 dominated over coadministered strains both in the ileum digesta and in mucosa. Probiotic administration did not alter counts of culturable fecal Lactobacillus or Enterobacteriaceae but higher ileal Enterobacteriaceae were observed in the ileal digesta of probiotic-fed pigs (P<0.05). We observed decreased CD25 induction on T cells and monocytes (P<0.01) and decreased CTLA-4 induction (P<0.05) by the mitogen phytohemagglutinin on CD4 T cells from the probiotic group. Probiotic treatment also increased the proportion of CD4+ CD8+ T cells within the peripheral T-cell population and increased ileal IL-8 mRNA expression (P<0.05). In conclusion, superior ileal survival of L. salivarius compared with the other coadministered probiotics may be due to a competitive advantage conferred by its bacteriocin. The findings also suggest that the five-strain combination may function as a probiotic, at least in part, via immunomodulation.
authors: Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
authors: Maria C
authors: MC
authors: Walsh
authors: Gillian E
authors: GE
authors: Gardiner
authors: Orla M
authors: OM
authors: Hart
authors: Peadar G
authors: PG
authors: Lawlor
authors: Mairead
authors: M
authors: Daly
authors: Brendan
authors: B
authors: Lynch
authors: Brian T
authors: BT
authors: Richert
authors: Scott
authors: S
authors: Radcliffe
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Giblin
authors: Colin
authors: C
authors: Hill
authors: Gerald F
authors: GF
authors: Fitzgerald
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Stanton
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Ross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D007082:Ileum / Q000382:microbiology*; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019936:Probiotics; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D001430:Bacteriocins; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D016209:Interleukin-8