title: Recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage from a cerebral arteriovenous malformation undetected by repeated noninvasive neuroimaging in a 4-year-old boy. Case report.
abstract: The authors report the case of a 4-year-old boy with a spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) related to an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) that was not found with good-quality magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiography. Both modalities were used serially in the acute phase and at 2 and 7 months of follow-up. Digital subtraction angiography identified the peripheral AVM when the patient experienced rehemorrhaging 1 year after his initial presentation. This case illustrates the need for a complete diagnostic evaluation including conventional angiography in cases of idiopathic ICH in children.
authors: Division of Pediatric Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
authors: Lori C
authors: LC
authors: Jordan
authors: George I
authors: GI
authors: Jallo
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Gailloud
mesh_terms: D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male