title: STAT3-mediated up-regulation of BLIMP1 Is coordinated with BCL6 down-regulation to control human plasma cell differentiation.
abstract: STAT family members have been implicated in regulating the balance between B cell lymphoma (BCL)6 and B lymphocyte induced maturation protein (BLIMP)1 to control plasma cell differentiation. We previously showed that STAT5 induces BCL6 to block plasma cell differentiation and extend the life span of human B cells. The heterogeneity in STAT activation by cytokines and their effects on B cell differentiation prompted us to investigate the effect of STAT3 activation in plasma cell differentiation. First stimulation with IL-21, which promotes plasma cell differentiation, induced robust and prolonged STAT3 activation in primary human B cells. We then investigated effects of direct STAT3 activation on regulation of plasma cell genes, cellular phenotype, and Ig production. Activation of a tamoxifen-regulated STAT3-estrogen receptor fusion protein triggered BLIMP1 mRNA and protein up-regulation, plasma cell phenotypic features, and Ig secretion. When STAT3 was activated by IL-21 in B cells ectopically expressing BCL6, BLIMP1 was up-regulated, but only partial plasma cell differentiation was achieved. Lastly, through coexpression of BCL6 and STAT3-ER, we verified that STAT3 activation functionally mimicked IL-21 treatment and that STAT3-mediated BLIMP1 up-regulation occurred despite high BCL6 expression levels indicating that BCL6 is not the dominant repressor of BLIMP1. Thus, up-regulation of BLIMP1 alone is not sufficient for differentiation of primary human B cells into plasma cells; concomitant down-regulation of BCL6 is absolutely required for completion of the plasma cell differentiation program.
authors: Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Sean A
authors: SA
authors: Diehl
authors: Heike
authors: H
authors: Schmidlin
authors: Maho
authors: M
authors: Nagasawa
authors: Simon D
authors: SD
authors: van Haren
authors: Mark J
authors: MJ
authors: Kwakkenbos
authors: Etsuko
authors: E
authors: Yasuda
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Beaumont
authors: Ferenc A
authors: FA
authors: Scheeren
authors: Hergen
authors: H
authors: Spits
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074462:Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000098546:Interleukin-21
chemical_list: C084103:BCL6 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D007378:Interleukins; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; C087042:PRDM1 protein, human; D000074462:Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1; D000098546:Interleukin-21