title: Upregulation of adipose 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 expression in ovariectomized rats is due to obesity rather than lack of estrogen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increased tissue activity of cortisol induced by the activation of inert cortisone to active cortisol through 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) may play a role in the metabolic syndrome. We recently found that 11beta-HSD1 in subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) was lower in lean women compared with lean men. Estrogen suppresses hepatic and renal 11beta-HSD1 in rats; hence we investigated the in vitro effect of estrogen on human and rat AT, and the in vivo effects on rat AT 11beta-HSD1 expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were divided into four groups of eight animals. One group was sham-operated (controls) and others were ovariectomized (OVX). One OVX group was left untreated (OVX-E), another (OVX+E) received estrogen treatment, and one received a hypo-caloric diet (OVX-E+D), matching the weight gain of the control group. AT from women undergoing liposuction or surgery and from killed male and female rats were incubated with estrogen alone or in the presence of IL-1beta. Gene expressions were determined by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ovariectomy resulted in a 280% increase in adipose 11beta-HSD1 expression P < 0.05). 11beta-HSD1 expression in the (OVX+E)-group was significantly reduced compared with the nonsubstituted group (P < 0.05). 11beta-HSD1 expression in the (OVX-E+D)-group was reduced significantly (P < 0.05) when compared with the level of the estrogen-substituted group. No significant differences between the control group, the (OVX+E)-group, and the (OVX-E+D)-group were found. In the in vitro studies, no direct effect of estrogen on adipose 11beta-HSD1 was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The upregulation of 11beta-HSD1 in ovariectomized rats was most likely due to changes in body composition rather than lack of estrogen.
authors: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism C, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus Sygehus, Tage Hansens Gade, Aarhus C, Denmark. skpaulsen@dadlnet.dk
authors: Søren K
authors: SK
authors: Paulsen
authors: Maria P
authors: MP
authors: Nielsen
authors: Bjørn
authors: B
authors: Richelsen
authors: Jens M
authors: JM
authors: Bruun
authors: Allan
authors: A
authors: Flyvbjerg
authors: Steen B
authors: SB
authors: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D043205:11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D015187:Lipectomy; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D043205:11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1