title: Comparative analysis of the acute response of the trout, O. mykiss, head kidney to in vivo challenge with virulent and attenuated infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and LPS-induced inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The response of the trout, O. mykiss, head kidney to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or active and attenuated infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV and attINHV respectively) intraperitoneal challenge, 24 and 72 hours post-injection, was investigated using a salmonid-specific cDNA microarray.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The head kidney response to i.p. LPS-induced inflammation in the first instance displays an initial stress reaction involving suppression of major cellular processes, including immune function, followed by a proliferative hematopoietic-type/biogenesis response 3 days after administration. The viral response at the early stage of infection highlights a suppression of hematopoietic and protein biosynthetic function and a stimulation of immune response. In fish infected with IHNV a loss of cellular function including signal transduction, cell cycle and transcriptional activity 72 hours after infection reflects the tissue-specific pathology of IHNV infection. attIHNV treatment on the other hand shows a similar pattern to native IHNV infection at 24 hours however at 72 hours a divergence from the viral response is seen and replace with a recovery response more similar to that observed for LPS is observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion we have been able to identify and characterise by transcriptomic analysis two different types of responses to two distinct immune agents, a virus, IHNV and a bacterial cell wall component, LPS and a 'mixed' response to an attenuated IHNV. This type of analysis will lead to a greater understanding of the physiological response and the development of effective immune responses in salmonid fish to different pathogenic and pro-inflammatory agents.
authors: Unitat de Fisiologia Animal, Departament de Biologia Cellular, de Fisiologia i d'Immunologia, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain. Simon.MacKenzie@uab.es
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: MacKenzie
authors: Joan C
authors: JC
authors: Balasch
authors: Beatriz
authors: B
authors: Novoa
authors: Laia
authors: L
authors: Ribas
authors: Nerea
authors: N
authors: Roher
authors: Aleksei
authors: A
authors: Krasnov
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Figueras
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000235:genetics; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D029142:Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D029941:Fish Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases