title: Evaluation of the Nuss procedure using pre- and postoperative computed tomographic index.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Objective assessment of the chest in patients with pectus excavatum after the Nuss procedure has not been published. This study evaluated the results of the Nuss procedure using computed tomographic (CT) index (CTi).
  
  
  METHODS
  We have performed the Nuss procedure in 382 patients since 1998, and 150 patients who underwent bar removal were included in this study. Computed tomographic scans were obtained before the Nuss procedure and after bar removal, and then preoperative CTi (pre-CTi) and postoperative CTi (post-CTi) were calculated. Computed tomographic scans of 62 age-matched patients without chest deformity were collected as controls. Patients were divided at 10 years of age into the younger and older groups, and groups with mild and severe deformity were defined using a pre-CTi value of 5 as border. These CT indices were compared and statistically analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean pre-CTi in all cases was 5.97 +/- 3.31 and improved to 3.08 +/- 0.64. Postoperative CTi was not significantly different from that of the control (2.47 +/- 0.32, P = .17). In the group with mild depression, pre-CTi was 4.15 +/- 0.62, and post-CTi was 2.88 +/- 0.50. Preoperative CTi in the group with severe deformity (7.44 +/- 3.82) improved to 3.25 +/- 0.69. Postoperative CTi values between the severe and mild groups were not significantly different (P = .75). Computed tomographic index of the young group improved from 6.20 +/- 3.58 to 2.93 +/- 0.49 and in older group from 5.50 +/- 2.64 to 3.40 +/- 0.79. These 2 post-CTi values were not significantly different (P = .73).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postoperative CT scan could provide objective evaluation of sternal elevation. Mean CTi after the Nuss procedure was statically equivalent to that of the control cohort. Good sternal elevation can be achieved with the Nuss procedure regardless of the severity of chest depression or age.
authors: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0192, Japan. ngakiyo@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp
authors: Yoshikiyo
authors: Y
authors: Nakagawa
authors: Sadashige
authors: S
authors: Uemura
authors: Tatsuo
authors: T
authors: Nakaoka
authors: Tsunehiro
authors: T
authors: Yano
authors: Noriaki
authors: N
authors: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005660:Funnel Chest / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019616:Thoracic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology