title: Increased shear rate resistance and fastest kinetics of erythrocyte aggregation in diabetes measured with ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure with ultrasound the increased erythrocyte aggregation (EA) kinetics and adhesion energy between erythrocytes in patients with type 2 diabetes and poor metabolic control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were analyzed in a Couette rheometer at 32 MHz following shear rate reductions from 500 s(-1) to residual shears of 0 (stasis), 1, 2, 10, 50, 100, and 200 s(-1). The increase in EA was determined with the integrated backscatter coefficient as a function of time and shear rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The time required to form aggregates was shorter in diabetic patients at shear rates below 200 s(-1) (P < 0.01). Erythrocytes formed larger aggregates in diabetic patients than in control subjects (P < 0.05 at 2 to 100 s(-1)).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound can potentially noninvasively demonstrate, in vivo and in situ, the impact of local abnormal EA on arteriovenous flow disorders in diabetes.
authors: Laboratory of Biorheology and Medical Ultrasonics, Research Center, University of Montreal Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. guy.cloutier@umontreal.ca
authors: Guy
authors: G
authors: Cloutier
authors: Audrey
authors: A
authors: Zimmer
authors: François T H
authors: FT
authors: Yu
authors: Jean-Louis
authors: JL
authors: Chiasson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D004903:Erythrocyte Aggregation; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D033081:Shear Strength; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol; D005340:Fibrinogen; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014280:Triglycerides