title: Novel 3-D video for quantification of facial movement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a novel 3-D geometry video acquisition system (3-D VAS) for quantifying facial movement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten normal subjects and four patients with facial paralysis underwent recording of facial movement during three facial expressions. Facial feature points of interest were digitally marked on selected images. The maximum 3-D displacement of the brow and oral commissure and palpebral fissure width were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Test-retest reliability using the 3-D VAS in normal subjects was high (Spearman correlation coefficients 0.661-0.830, P < 0.05). The predicted ratio of left to right facial measurements was 1.00 in normal subjects, and measured mean ratios were 1.05 (brow excursion), 1.01 (palpebral fissure width), and 1.03 (oral commissure excursion), respectively, matching the prediction. The 3-D VAS reliably quantified facial movement on both sides in patients with facial paralysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel 3-D VAS can accurately and reliably quantify facial movement in healthy subjects. It is promising as a clinical tool to quantify facial movement in patients with facial paralysis.
authors: Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. rpmehta@ucsd.edu
authors: Ritvik P
authors: RP
authors: Mehta
authors: Song
authors: S
authors: Zhang
authors: Tessa A
authors: TA
authors: Hadlock
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014741:Video Recording / Q000379:methods*