title: Fructose-induced N-terminal glycation of enkephalins and related peptides.
abstract: The formation of glycation products in model systems consisting of fructose and the endogenous opioid peptides not containing lysine residue, such as Leu-enkephalin (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu) and Met-enkephalin (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met), or of their fragments, Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe and Tyr-Gly-Gly, was examined. N-(2-Deoxy-aldos-2-yl)-peptides (Heyns compounds) as well as diastereoisomeric imidazolidinone compounds were identified as reaction products of N-terminal amino group glycation for each of the peptides studied. The structure of the glycation products and relative configuration of C-2 substituents on the imidazolidinone ring in diastereoisomers were determined by NMR experiments. The chemical and enzymatic stability of the fructose-derived glycated products of Leu- and Met-enkephalin was studied in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) and in human serum at 37 degrees C. The obtained results revealed that glycation increases the stability of the parent peptide to enzymatic degradation. As a result of different configuration at the newly formed stereogenic center, large stability differences in the 2S* and 2R* isomers of the imidazolidinone compounds were observed.
authors: Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruder Bosković Institute, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia. jakas@irb.hr
authors: Andreja
authors: A
authors: Jakas
authors: Marijana
authors: M
authors: Vinković
authors: Vilko
authors: V
authors: Smrecki
authors: Maja
authors: M
authors: Sporec
authors: Stefica
authors: S
authors: Horvat
mesh_terms: D004355:Drug Stability; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D048289:Imidazolidines / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012015:Reference Standards; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000737:chemistry; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D004745:Enkephalins; D048289:Imidazolidines; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012709:Serum Albumin; D005632:Fructose