Pharmacogenetics of asthma.
Asthma is a common disease characterized by airway inflammation and bronchorestriction. There are several common categories of medications for treating asthma; however, not all asthmatics have the same response to these medications, some of which are adverse responses that are potentially life threatening. Because interindividual responses to asthma medications can vary considerably, the potential for genetic contributions to variable drug responses is significant. This chapter reviews the most common biological pathways targeted by asthma therapy and briefly discusses the genetic contribution to varied responses to asthma therapy for four common types of asthma medications: beta-agonists, anticholinergics, leukotriene modifiers, and corticosteroids.
Hawkins
Gregory A
GA
Section on Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Center for Human Genomics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
Peters
Stephen P
SP
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018579:Patient Selection; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000379:methods; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics; D018077:Receptors, Leukotriene / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D018077:Receptors, Leukotriene; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic