title: Micro-CT evaluation and histological analysis of screw-bone interface of expansive pedicle screw in osteoporotic sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the properties of screw-bone interface of expansive pedicle screw (EPS) in osteoporotic sheep by micro-CT and histological observation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six female sheep with bilateral ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis were employed in this experiment. After EPS insertion in each femoral condyle, the sheep were randomly divided into two groups: 3 sheep were bred for 3 months (Group A), while the other 3 were bred for 6 months (Group B). After the animals being killed, the femoral condyles with EPS were obtained, which were three-dimensionally-imaged and reconstructed by micro-CT. Histological evaluation was made thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The trabecular microstructure was denser at the screw-bone interface than in the distant parts in expansive section, especially within the spiral marking. In the non-expansive section, however, there was no significant difference between the interface and the distant parts. The regions of interest (ROI) adjacent to EPS were reconstructed and analyzed by micro-CT with the same thresholds. The three-dimensional (3-D) parameters, including tissue mineral density (TMD), bone volume fraction (BVF, BV/TV), bone surface/bone volume (BS/BV) ratio, trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), were significantly better in expansive sections than non-expansive sections (P less than 0.05). Histologically, newly-formed bony trabeculae crawled along the expansive fissures and into the center of EPS. The newly-formed bones, as well as the bones at the bone-screw interface, closely contacted with the EPS and constructed four compartments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the current study, based on micro-CT and histological evaluation, suggest that EPS can significantly provide stabilization in osteoporotic cancellous bones.
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710033, China.
authors: Shi-yong
authors: SY
authors: Wan
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Lei
authors: Zi-xiang
authors: ZX
authors: Wu
authors: Rong
authors: R
authors: Lv
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Suo-chao
authors: SC
authors: Fu
authors: Bo
authors: B
authors: Li
authors: Ce
authors: C
authors: Zhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001863:Bone Screws; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D012756:Sheep; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed