DNA vaccination for prostate cancer.
DNA-based cancer vaccines have been used successfully in mice to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific for prostate antigens. Translation of a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) DNA vaccine into a phase I clinical trial demonstrated that PSA-specific immune responses could be induced but at a significantly lower level compared with those in mice. To enhance the efficacy of DNA vaccination against prostate cancer, we have explored and optimized intradermal electroporation as an effective way of delivering a PSA DNA vaccine. The results demonstrated that intradermal DNA vaccination using low amounts of DNA, followed by two sets of electrical pulses of different length and voltage, effectively induced PSA-specific T cells. Here we describe in detail how to perform intradermal DNA electroporation to induce high gene expression in skin and, more important, how to induce and analyze PSA-specific T cell responses.
Roos
Anna-Karin
AK
Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska R8:01, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
King
Alan
A
Pisa
Pavel
P
D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics; D017321:Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; D053672:Electrochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010957:Plasmids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics
D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen