Destruction of estrogens using Fe-TAML/peroxide catalysis.
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) impair living organisms by interfering with hormonal processes controlling cellular development Reduction of EDCs in water by an environmentally benign method is an important green chemistry goal. One EDC, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), the active ingredient in the birth control pill, is excreted by humans to produce a major source of artificial environmental estrogenicity, which is incompletely removed by currenttechnologies used by municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs). Natural estrogens found in animal waste from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) can also increase estrogenic activity of surface waters. An iron-tetraamidomacrocyclic ligand (Fe-TAML) activator in trace concentrations activates hydrogen peroxide and was shown to rapidly degrade these natural and synthetic reproductive hormones found in agricultural and municipal effluent streams. On the basis of liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, apparent half-lives for 17 alpha- and 17 beta-estradiol, estriol, estrone, and EE2 in the presence of Fe-TAML and hydrogen peroxide were approximately 5 min and included a concomitant loss of estrogenic activity as established by E-Screen assay.
Shappell
Nancy W
NW
Animal Metabolism Unit, Biosciences Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, 1605 Albrecht Boulevard, Fargo, North Dakota 58105, USA. nancy.shappell@ars.usda.gov
Vrabel
Melanie A
MA
Madsen
Peter J
PJ
Harrington
Grant
G
Billey
Lloyd O
LO
Hakk
Heldur
H
Larsen
Gerald L
GL
Beach
Evan S
ES
Horwitz
Colin P
CP
Ro
Kyoung
K
Hunt
Patrick G
PG
Collins
Terrence J
TJ
D002384:Catalysis; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000737:chemistry*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000737:chemistry*; D047028:Macrocyclic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004967:Estrogens; D047028:Macrocyclic Compounds; D010545:Peroxides