title: Oral contraceptives.
abstract: Nearly 50 years ago, the introduction of Enovid (norethynodrel 10 microg and mestranol 150 microg), which provided convenient and reliable contraception, revolutionized birth control. Reports of interactions between oral contraceptives (OCs) and other drugs began to trickle into the literature. At first, these drug interactions appeared to be random and unrelated. Increased understanding of P450 enzymes and phase II reactions of sulfation and glucuronidation has permitted preliminary categorization and assessment of the clinical relevance of these drug interactions.
authors: Department of Psychiatry of Maine Medical Center, VT, USA.
authors: Jessica R
authors: JR
authors: Oesterheld
authors: Kelly
authors: K
authors: Cozza
authors: Neil B
authors: NB
authors: Sandson
mesh_terms: D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000378:metabolism; D001711:Biotransformation; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D065637:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D065637:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase