title: Effect of tirofiban plus clopidogrel and aspirin on primary percutaneous coronary intervention via transradial approach in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aspirin and clopidogrel can improve myocardial reperfusion and alleviate myocardial injury during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Whether the addition of intravenous tirofiban during this procedure produces further benefit has not been clarified in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. We evaluated this on STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI (p-PCI) via transradial artery approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients were randomized into tirofiban group (n=72) or placebo group (n=78). Angiographic analysis included initial and final thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade (TFG), corrected TIMI frame count (CTFC) and TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG) of the thrombotic vessel. Platelet aggregation rate (PAR), creatine phosphokinase (CPK), CPK isoenzyme MB (CPK-MB) and troponin I levels were measured and TIMI definitions were used to assess bleeding complications. Left ventricular performance parameters were investigated with equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were followed up for 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cases of TFG 0 and 1 before PCI, TFG 0 when first crossing of guide wire were less, and the cases of TFG 3 after PCI was more in tirofiban group than those in placebo group. The final CTFC was fewer and the incidence of no reflow phenomenon was lower, as well the percentage of final TFG 3 was higher in tirofiban group than those in placebo group (all P<0.05). Mean peak CPK-MB was significantly lower, while the left ventricular performance parameters 1 week after PCI were much more improved in tirofiban group than those in the placebo group. PAR was significantly decreased shortly after tirofiban infusion. The incidence of 6-month MACE in tirofiban group was obviously lower than that in the placebo group. No statistical difference was noted between the two groups with regard to bleeding complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous tirofiban infusion, in addition to aspirin and clopidogrel in STEMI patients with p-PCI via transradial artery access, can quickly inhibit platelet aggregation, loosen occlusive thrombus, improve myocardial reperfusion and reduce incidence of MACE with few complications of vessel access and bleeding.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China. fuxh999@hotmail.com
authors: Xiang-hua
authors: XH
authors: Fu
authors: Qing-qing
authors: QQ
authors: Hao
authors: Xin-wei
authors: XW
authors: Jia
authors: Wei-ze
authors: WZ
authors: Fan
authors: Xin-shun
authors: XS
authors: Gu
authors: Wei-li
authors: WL
authors: Wu
authors: Guo-zhen
authors: GZ
authors: Hao
authors: Shi-qiang
authors: SQ
authors: Li
authors: Yun-fa
authors: YF
authors: Jiang
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Geng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000077466:Tirofiban; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D014443:Tyrosine; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D000077466:Tirofiban; D013988:Ticlopidine; D001241:Aspirin