title: Glomerular filtration rate in dogs with leishmaniasis and chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measurement is an indicator of kidney function. However, its usefulness in dogs at early stages of spontaneous chronic kidney disease (CKD) of glomerular origin, where routine laboratory techniques are not sufficiently sensitive, remains unproved.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  That GFR is reduced in proteinuric nonazotemic or mildly azotemic dogs with CKD secondary to leishmaniasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six dogs with CKD secondary to leishmaniasis and 10 healthy dogs (control group).
  
  
  METHODS
  CBC, serum biochemistry, and urinalysis (microalbuminuria and urine protein/creatinine ratio [UPC]) were performed in all dogs. GFR was calculated by measuring exogenous creatinine clearance. Based on degree of proteinuria and serum creatinine concentration (SCr), dogs were classified as group A (control; n = 10): UPC < 0.2, SCr < 1.4 mg/dL; group B (n = 8): UPC, 0.2-0.5, SCr < 1.4 mg/dL; group C (n = 10): UPC > 0.5, SCr < 1.4 mg/dL; group D (n = 5): SCr, 1.4-2 mg/dL; group E (n = 3): SCr > 2 mg/dL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GFR (mL/kg/min) was 3.9 +/- 0.29, 4.4 +/- 0.74, 4.5 +/- 1.44, 2.8 +/- 0.97, and 1.5 +/- 0.43 for groups A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. Eleven dogs (1 from group B, 3 from group C, 4 from group D, and all 3 dogs from group E) had an abnormally low GFR. Four dogs from group B and 5 dogs from group C had a GFR above the upper reference range (>4.5 mL/min/kg).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some proteinuric nonazotemic or mildly azotemic dogs with leishmaniasis have low GFR, but glomerular hyperfiltration occurs in other dogs.
authors: Clínica Veterinaria Germanías, Gandía-Valencia, Spain. germanias@telefonica.net
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Cortadellas
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Fernández del Palacio
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Talavera
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bayón
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000662:veterinary*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors