title: [Anatomical and functional results after macular hole surgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a retrospective study we examined the anatomical and functional effects of a combined macular hole surgery with and without the application of indocyanin green (ICG) as well as phacoemulsification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Out of 91 patients (91 eyes) with idiopatic macular holes 82 eyes were phacic. 25 cases received during the first surgery a combined pars plana vitrectomy with phacoemulsification. In 46 eyes the vitrectomy and consecutive peeling of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) was performed without ICG (Group A), in 45 eyes with ICG-assisted staining of the ILM (Group B). The average follow-up time was 19 months (12 - 24 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary closure rate was 82.4 % and 94.5 % after reoperation. In Group A there were primarily 76 % and at the end 89.1 % closed results compared with 88.9 % and 100 % in group 2 (p = 0.172). Five persisting holes had a preoperative diameter above 600 microm (p = 0.014). Visual acuity improved in Group A preoperatively from 0.17 to postoperatively 0.33 and in Group B from 0.22 to postoperatively 0.38. The difference between both groups was not significant (p = 0.106). From 82 phacic eyes 25 were treated by a combined vitrectomy with phacoemulsification, 23 eyes received later a phacoemulsification while 34 remained phacic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peeling of the ILM was complete after staining with ICG resulting in an increased closure rate. The functional results between both groups did not differ significantly. Phacic eyes may keep their clear lens even after multiple surgeries.
authors: Augenklinik, Universität Bonn. meyer_eye@yahoo.com
authors: C H
authors: CH
authors: Meyer
authors: J C
authors: JC
authors: Schmidt
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Mennel
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Göddeke
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Rübe
authors: E B
authors: EB
authors: Rodrigues
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Kroll
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002386:Cataract / Q000175:diagnosis; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D007208:Indocyanine Green