[Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the prevention of atherosclerosis].
Cardioprotective action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid in fish and alpha-linolenic acid in plants was demonstrated in primary and secondary clinical trials. Fish oil therapy causes a marked decrease in serum triacylglycerol and very low density lipoprotein levels and increases moderately high density lipoprotein levels without any adverse effects. Omega-3 fatty acids decrease slightly, but significantly blood pressure, enhance endothelial function, they have anti-aggregator, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory effects as well. These beneficial effects are in connection with modification of gene transcription levels of some key molecules such as nuclear factor-kappaB and sterol element binding receptor protein-1c, which regulate for example expression of adhesion molecules or several receptors involved in triglyceride synthesis (hepatocyte X receptor, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4alpha, farnesol X receptor, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors). On the basis of these observations, the supplementation of the diet with omega-3 fatty acids (fish, fish oil, linseed, and linseed oil or canola oil) is advisable in primary and secondary prevention.
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Debreceni Egyetem Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Centrum, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar Belgyógyászati Intézet, I. Belgyógyászati Klinika, ebrecen.
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D008055:Lipids; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014280:Triglycerides; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid