Sinus floor augmentation with recombinant human growth and differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5): a histological and histomorphometric study in the Goettingen miniature pig.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that recombinant human growth and differentiation factor-5 (rhGDF-5) enhances bone formation in sinus floor augmentations in miniature pigs.


METHODS
The maxillary sinus floors in 12 adult female Goettingen minipigs were augmented with beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) on one side. The contralateral test side was augmented using two concentrations of rhGDF-5 (400 microg rhGDF-5/g beta-TCP; 800 microg rhGDF-5/g beta-TCP) delivered on beta-TCP (six animals each). One dental implant was inserted into each sinus floor augmentation. After 4 and 12 weeks, histological and histomorphometric assessment of non-decalcified histological specimens was performed.


RESULTS
The results showed significantly higher mean values of volume density (VD) of newly formed bone using the concentration of 400 microg/g beta-TCP (22.8%) compared with the respective control (8%) after 4 weeks (P=0.05). The bone-to-implant contact rates were also significantly enhanced after 4 weeks between test sites (400 microg: 41.9%; 800 microg: 40.6%) and control sites (400 microg: 7.8%; 800 microg: 16.4%) (400 microg: P=0.024; 800 microg: P=0.048).


CONCLUSIONS
It is concluded that rhGDF-5 delivered on beta-TCP significantly enhanced early bone formation compared with beta-TCP alone in sinus lift procedures in miniature pigs.
Gruber
Rudolf M
RM
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Georgia Augusta University, Goettingen, Germany. r.gruber@med.uni-goettingen.de
Ludwig
Arwed
A
Merten
Hans-Albert
HA
Achilles
Mirjam
M
Poehling
Sylke
S
Schliephake
Henning
H
D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D005260:Female; D055428:Growth Differentiation Factor 5; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C525893:GDF5 protein, human; D055428:Growth Differentiation Factor 5; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate