title: Function of Nicotiana tabacum aquaporins as chloroplast gas pores challenges the concept of membrane CO2 permeability.
abstract: Photosynthesis is often limited by the rate of CO(2) diffusion from the atmosphere to the chloroplast. The primary resistances for CO(2) diffusion are thought to be at the stomata and at photosynthesizing cells via a combination resulting from resistances of aqueous solution as well as the plasma membrane and both outer and inner chloroplast membranes. In contrast with stomatal resistance, the resistance of biological membranes to gas transport is not widely recognized as a limiting factor for metabolic function. We show that the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plasma membrane and inner chloroplast membranes contain the aquaporin Nt AQP1. RNA interference-mediated decreases in Nt AQP1 expression lowered the CO(2) permeability of the inner chloroplast membrane. In vivo data show that the reduced amount of Nt AQP1 caused a 20% change in CO(2) conductance within leaves. Our discovery of CO(2) aquaporin function in the chloroplast membrane opens new opportunities for mechanistic examination of leaf internal CO(2) conductance regulation.
authors: Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Darmstadt University of Technology, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany. uehlein@bio.tu-darmstadt.de
authors: Norbert
authors: N
authors: Uehlein
authors: Beate
authors: B
authors: Otto
authors: David T
authors: DT
authors: Hanson
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Fischer
authors: Nate
authors: N
authors: McDowell
authors: Ralf
authors: R
authors: Kaldenhoff
mesh_terms: D020346:Aquaporins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010788:Photosynthesis; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020346:Aquaporins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide