title: Detection of sentinel node in gastric cancer surgery by indocyanine green fluorescence imaging: comparison with infrared imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Secure methods for clinical detection of the sentinel node (SN) are in great demand to avoid unnecessary resection. This was a clinical exploration/feasibility study of a novel detection system for SN biopsy using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging in gastric cancer surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  SN biopsy using ICG dye was performed in three patients who had gastric cancer. ICG fluorescence images were obtained using a detection system comprising a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera with a cut filter as the detector and light emitting diodes (LED) as the light source. The nodes were also examined simultaneously by an infrared (IR) imaging videoscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediately after intraoperative ICG injection, the fluorescence imaging system allowed easy visualization of the lymphatic vessels draining from the primary gastric tumor toward the lymph nodes and tracing of the moving injected dye. Some lymph vessels and nodes were hardly recognized by ICG green color or IR imaging. The ICG fluorescence system also allowed visualization of the lymph node when ICG was injected the day before surgery, similar to the radio-guided method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detection of SNs in gastric cancer surgery using the ICG fluorescence imaging system is a promising novel technique and may perhaps prove useful for laparoscopic surgery.
authors: Department of Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan. miyashir@biken.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors: Isao
authors: I
authors: Miyashiro
authors: Norikatsu
authors: N
authors: Miyoshi
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Hiratsuka
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Kishi
authors: Terumasa
authors: T
authors: Yamada
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Ohue
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Ohigashi
authors: Masahiko
authors: M
authors: Yano
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Ishikawa
authors: Shingi
authors: S
authors: Imaoka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007208:Indocyanine Green