title: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and serum total estradiol in postmenopausal women.
abstract: Laboratory and epidemiologic evidence suggest that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use may be inversely related to the risk of breast cancer; however, the mechanism by which NSAIDs may protect against the development of this disease is uncertain. The objective of this observational study was to assess the relationship between current NSAID use and endogenous estradiol levels, an established breast cancer risk factor. To evaluate this aim, we conducted a cross-sectional investigation among 260 postmenopausal women who were not recently exposed to exogenous hormones. Information on current NSAID use (aspirin, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, and other NSAIDs combined) was collected using a questionnaire at the time of blood draw. Estradiol was quantified in serum by radioimmunoassay. General linear models were used to evaluate the association between NSAID use and serum total estradiol. The age-adjusted and body mass index-adjusted geometric mean serum estradiol concentration among NSAID users (n = 124) was significantly lower than nonusers of NSAIDs (n = 136; 17.8 versus 21.3 pmol/L; P = 0.03). Further adjustment for additional potential confounding factors did not substantially alter estimates (17.7 versus 21.2 pmol/L; P = 0.03). To our knowledge, this report is the first to examine the relationship between NSAID use and serum estradiol in postmenopausal women. These cross-sectional findings suggest that NSAID use may be associated with lower circulating estradiol levels, potentially representing one mechanism through which NSAIDs exert protective effects on breast cancer.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. alg33@pitt.edu
authors: Alana G
authors: AG
authors: Hudson
authors: Gretchen L
authors: GL
authors: Gierach
authors: Francesmary
authors: F
authors: Modugno
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Simpson
authors: John W
authors: JW
authors: Wilson
authors: Rhobert W
authors: RW
authors: Evans
authors: Victor G
authors: VG
authors: Vogel
authors: Joel L
authors: JL
authors: Weissfeld
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004958:Estradiol