title: Language outcomes of 7-year-old children with or without a history of late language emergence at 24 months.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the language outcomes of 7-year-old children with and without a history of late language emergence at 24 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-eight children with a history of late language emergence (LLE) at 24 months and 109 children with a history of normal language emergence (NLE) at 24 months participated in direct behavioral assessment of multiple dimensions of language at 7 years. The children were recruited from a prospective cohort study of 1,766 epidemiologically ascertained 24-month-old singleton children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The group mean for the LLE children was within the typical range on an omnibus measure of general language ability and measures of specific dimensions of language. However, a greater percentage of LLE children, relative to NLE children, performed below normative expectations on a measure of general language ability (20% versus 11%), speech (7% versus 2%), syntax (18% versus 8%), and morphosyntax (9%-23% versus 2%-14%), but not vocabulary or semantics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results provide support for growth models of language impairment that predict that late onset of language foretells a protracted growth difference for some LLE children relative to NLE children, particularly for syntax and morphosyntax.
authors: 3031 Dole Human Development Center, University of Kansas, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. mabel@ku.edu
authors: Mabel L
authors: ML
authors: Rice
authors: Catherine L
authors: CL
authors: Taylor
authors: Stephen R
authors: SR
authors: Zubrick
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002657:Child Development; D006801:Humans; D007804:Language Development; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007807:Language Tests; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012660:Semantics; D013060:Speech; D014825:Vocabulary