title: Inflammation among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus and diagnosed diabetes in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared inflammatory markers among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (hGDM), women with diagnosed diabetes, and unaffected women in a population-based sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted cross-sectional analyses of 6,346 nonpregnant women in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994). Women were classified as having hGDM (n = 87), diagnosed diabetes (n = 244), or neither condition (n = 6,015). Inflammatory markers included ferritin, leukocyte count, and C-reactive protein levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment, women with diagnosed diabetes had the most marked differences in inflammatory markers compared with unaffected women. Differences between unaffected women and women with hGDM were minimal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with diagnosed diabetes have less favorable inflammation profiles than unaffected women and greater ferritin levels than women with hGDM. After adjustment, women with hGDM who have not developed diagnosed diabetes have inflammation profiles similar to those of unaffected women.
authors: Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. cathkim@umich.edu
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Kim
authors: Yiling J
authors: YJ
authors: Cheng
authors: Gloria L
authors: GL
authors: Beckles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D049628:Body Size; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008875:Middle Aged; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011336:Probability
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D005293:Ferritins