title: Lack of association between the amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2 (ACCN2) gene and anxiety spectrum disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ion channels are involved in a wide range of central nervous system functions and have been implicated in several neuropsychiatric disorders. Rodent studies suggest that the acid-sensing ion channel, ASIC1, may play a role in fear conditioning, a model for human anxiety disorders. In this study, we examined, for the first time, the human analog of ASIC1, the amiloride-sensitive cation channel 2 (ACCN2) gene, for its association with genetic risk across a range of anxiety spectrum phenotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using multivariate structural equation modeling, we selected twin pairs scoring at the extremes of a latent genetic risk factor that underlies susceptibility to neuroticism, major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, and social phobia, from the population-based Virginia Adult Twin Study of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders. One member from each selected pair for whom DNA was available was entered into a 2-stage, case-control association study for the ACCN2 gene. In the resulting sample of 589 cases and 539 controls, a total of seven single nucleotide polymorphisms that represented the major allelic variation across the ACCN2 locus were screened in stage 1, the positive results of which were tested for replication in stage 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although several markers or haplotypic combinations met threshold significance criteria in stage 1, their association was not replicated in stage 2. Post hoc analyses did not reveal significant association to the specific psychiatric phenotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the ACCN2 gene may play a role in rodent fear conditioning, we could not detect association with genetic risk shared among human anxiety spectrum disorders.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298-0126, USA. jhettema@hsc.vcu.edu
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Hettema
authors: Seon-Sook
authors: SS
authors: An
authors: Michael C
authors: MC
authors: Neale
authors: Edwin J C G
authors: EJ
authors: van den Oord
authors: Kenneth S
authors: KS
authors: Kendler
authors: Xiangning
authors: X
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D062565:Acid Sensing Ion Channels; D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C568266:ASIC1 protein, human; D062565:Acid Sensing Ion Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D015222:Sodium Channels