title: Functional mapping of the Candida albicans Efg1 regulator.
abstract: Efg1p is a key transcriptional regulator in Candida albicans which controls various aspects of morphogenesis and metabolism in this organism. Efg1p contains a central basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain, flanked by sequences highly conserved in fungal APSES proteins, as well as polyglutamine stretches at the N- and C-terminal ends. A systematic deletion approach to specify functional domains of Efg1p revealed that the APSES domain is essential for morphogenesis of the normal yeast and true hyphal cell forms and that bHLH flanking sequences are needed for Efg1p stability. Additional C-terminal sequences were required for hyphal formation on some inducing media, and most Efg1p sequences were needed for chlamydospore morphogenesis. Overexpression of EFG1 led to pseudohypha formation only if a functional APSES domain was present, while a switch from the opaque to the white cell type in addition depended on the presence of certain N- and C-terminal segments. Yeast two-hybrid experiments revealed that binding of Efg1p to its antagonist Czf1p required two regions outside of the APSES domain, which did not coincide with Efg1p sequences needed for its transcriptional repressor activity. Binding of the Flo8 transcription factor to Efg1p did not require the APSES domain but appeared to occur at two or more redundant domains. In contrast, DNA binding of Efg1p to an MluI cell cycle box (MCB) element solely required the APSES domain. Overall, these results suggest that functional domains of Efg1p are spread throughout most of its sequences, including the central APSES domain involved in DNA binding, as well as flanking regions required for various protein interactions and regulatory activities.
authors: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Molekulare Mykologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors: Christine S
authors: CS
authors: Noffz
authors: Vanessa
authors: V
authors: Liedschulte
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Lengeler
authors: Joachim F
authors: JF
authors: Ernst
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005809:Genes, Regulator; D018257:Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs; D010641:Phenotype; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C121438:EFG1 protein, Candida albicans; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C077336:CZF1 protein, Candida albicans