title: [The results of the Grice subtalar extra-articular arthrodesis for pes planovalgus deformity in patients with cerebral palsy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the results of the Grice subtalar extra-articular arthrodesis for pes planovalgus deformity in patients with cerebral palsy and its effectiveness in providing hindfoot alignment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Grice subtalar extra-articular arthrodesis was performed for pes planovalgus deformity in 14 feet of nine patients (5 males, 4 females; mean age 10.3 years; range 6 to 12 years) with cerebral palsy. Six patients were diplegic, two patients were paraplegic, and one patient was hemiplegic. Four patients had unilateral, five patients had bilateral involvement. A fibular graft taken from the distal third of the fibula above the syndesmosis was used in all the patients without any fixation material. The patients were assessed with the AOFAS (American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society) hindfoot scoring system pre- and postoperatively. The mean follow-up was 30 months (range 6 to 81 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the preoperative values, the mean AOFAS hindfoot score increased from 53 (range 41 to 81) to 68.4 (range 51 to 96), the mean talocalcaneal angle decreased from 52.6 degrees to 30.4 degrees , and from 55.8 degrees to 35.9 degrees in frontal and sagittal planes, respectively (p<0.05). The mean ankle valgus angle measured on anteroposterior radiographs remained unchanged (mean 5 degrees ). Of five patients who underwent bilateral surgery, three (21.4%) developed donor-site fibular nonunion on one side. One (7.1%) of these patients also had graft nonunion and displacement. Treatment was rated as satisfactory by the parents of seven patients (77.8%; p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite donor-site morbidity, the Grice subtalar extra-articular arthrodesis is an effective procedure for the correction of hindfoot alignment in patients with pes planovalgus deformity secondary to cerebral palsy.
authors: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology (2. Ortopedi ve Travmatoloji Kliniği), Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. maguven2000@gmail.com
authors: Melih
authors: M
authors: Güven
authors: Abdullah
authors: A
authors: Eren
authors: Budak
authors: B
authors: Akman
authors: Koray
authors: K
authors: Unay
authors: Namik Kemal
authors: NK
authors: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000379:methods*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005360:Fibula / Q000637:transplantation*; D005531:Foot Deformities, Acquired / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey