title: Metabolic syndrome status changes with fitness level change: a retrospective analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiorespiratory fitness level is inversely related to the incidence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). This study examined the effects of changes in cardiorespiratory fitness level on MetS status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male and female participants in a health enhancement program (n = 212) were clinically examined for changes in their MetS status and estimated aerobic capacity over a 3-year period. Two physical examinations, each including a maximal treadmill stress test, occurred within this time frame. Participants were divided into three groups: Group 1 (n = 103) was composed of individuals who presented with MetS at exam 1 and reversed their MetS disease status by exam 2; Group 2 (n = 75) members presented with MetS at both exams; and Group 3 (n = 34) individuals were MetS-free at exam 1 but acquired MetS by exam 2. The relationships between MetS clinical characteristics at exam 1 and exam 2 and changes in graded exercise test (GXT) duration were contrasted for the three groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GXT duration, estimated aerobic capacity (VO(2) max), and MetS characteristics improved significantly in Group 1 (P < 0.01). Group 2 individuals also increased GXT duration (P < 0.05) but showed only nonsignificant improvements (P > 0.05) in clinical characteristics. Group 3 members declined in most MetS characteristics and in estimated VO(2) max (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increases in GXT duration accompanied MetS reversal while declines in GXT duration occurred with MetS acquisition. On an individual basis, these changes in GXT duration may be an indicator of disease status.
authors: School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309-4482, USA. maxwellms@aol.com
authors: Mark S
authors: MS
authors: Maxwell
authors: Brian R
authors: BR
authors: Goslin
authors: Ronald L
authors: RL
authors: Gellish
authors: Kenneth R
authors: KR
authors: Hightower
authors: Ronald E
authors: RE
authors: Olson
authors: Virinder K
authors: VK
authors: Moudgil
authors: Gary D
authors: GD
authors: Russi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids