Protein kinase Calpha-induced derepression of the human luteinizing hormone receptor gene transcription through ERK-mediated release of HDAC1/Sin3A repressor complex from Sp1 sites.
LH receptor (LHR) gene transcription is subject to repression/derepression through various modes and multiple effectors. Epigenetic silencing and activation of the LHR is achieved through coordinated regulation at both histone and DNA levels. The LHR gene is subject to repression by deacetylation and methylation at its promoter region, where a HDAC/mSin3A repressor complex is anchored at Sp1 sites. The present studies revealed that protein kinase C (PKC) alpha/ERK signaling is important for the activation of LHR promoter activity, and the increase of endogenous transcripts induced by phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) in HeLa cells. Whereas these effects were attributable to PKCalpha activity, the ERK pathway was the downstream effector in LHR activation. PMA caused a significant enhancement of Sp1 phosphorylation at serine residue (s), which was blocked by PKCalpha or ERK inhibition. The interaction of activated phosphorylated ERK with Sp1 and ERK's association with the LHR promoter points to Sp1 as a direct target of ERK. After Sp1 phosphorylation, the HDAC1/mSin3A repressor complex dissociated from Sp1 sites, histone 3 was acetylated, and transcription factor II B and RNA polymerase II were recruited. In addition, overexpression of a constitutively active PKCalpha (PKCalpha CA) strongly activated LHR transcription in MCF-7 cells (devoid of PKCalpha), induced Sp1 phosphorylation at serine residue (s) and caused derecruitment of HDAC1/mSin3A complex from the promoter. These effects were negated by cotransfection of a dominant-negative PKCalpha. In conclusion, these studies have revealed a novel regulatory signaling mechanism of transcriptional control in which the LHR is derepressed through PKCalpha/ERK-mediated Sp1 phosphorylation, causing the release of HDAC1/mSin3A complex from the promoter.
Liao
Mingjuan
M
Program in Developmental Endocrinology and Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4510, USA.
Zhang
Ying
Y
Dufau
Maria L
ML
D001665:Binding Sites; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D056264:Sin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor Complex; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D011974:Receptors, LH; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C099683:SIN3A transcription factor; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; C110550:HDAC1 protein, human; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D056264:Sin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor Complex; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate