PCBs, PBDEs and pesticides released to the Arctic Ocean by the Russian rivers Ob and Yenisei.
The Ob and Yenisei Rivers contribute 37% of riverine freshwater inputs to the Arctic Basin and thus represent an important pathway for the land-Arctic ocean exchange of contaminants. Sampling was carried out in the Yenisei (2003) and Ob (2005) River estuaries and Kara Sea to address the general lack of reliable dissolved contaminant flux data for these major rivers. Contaminant analyses were performed by high resolution mass spectrometry on sample extracts taken from filtered large volume water samples (50-100 L) and concentrated in situ onto XAD-2 resin columns. Hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures Sovol and trichlorodiphenyl, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), as well as "penta" brominated technical mixtures of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are important contributors to persistent organohalogen contamination for these waterways. Dissolved fluxes to the Kara Sea were estimated at sigmaHCH 246 kg/yr, sigmaPCB 63 kg/yr, sigmaDDT 16 kg/yr, hexachlorobenzene 8 kg/yr, alpha-endosulfan 8 kg/ yr, dieldrin 5 kg/yr, sigmaPBDE 4 kg/yr, and chlordanes 4 kg/yr. Contaminant fluxes from these rivers are similar to those reported for major Canadian rivers, confirming expectations that the Ob and Yenisei are also major point sources for the Arctic basin.
Carroll
Jolynn
J
Akvaplan-niva, Polar Environmental Center, 9296 Tromsø, Norway. jc@akvaplan.niva.no
Savinov
Vladimir
V
Savinova
Tatiana
T
Dahle
Salve
S
McCrea
Robert
R
Muir
Derek C G
DC
D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis*; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers; D012426:Russia; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical