Cognitive-behavioral theory and preparation for professionals at risk for trauma exposure.
Military personnel, emergency first responders, and others whose work environments include exposure to traumatic events are at risk for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). To help prevent negative sequelae, there is a strong need to identify well-operationalized, empirically supported, theoretically framed models of healthy adaptation to potentially traumatic events. Cognitive-behavioral theories (CBTs) describe etiological factors in trauma, guide research that has identified risk for PTSD, and help develop interventions that can effectively reduce posttrauma symptomatology. In this article, the authors draw on CBT and empirical research on post-traumatic stress to propose possible cognitive-behavioral mechanisms in trauma adaptation. They then suggest directions for future research, including areas for prevention interventions for at-risk professionals.
Whealin
Julia M
JM
National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Ruzek
Josef I
JI
Southwick
Steven
S
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000488:Allied Health Personnel; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000628:therapy; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012917:Social Adjustment; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000628:therapy*; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology