Rapid analysis of L-dopa in urine samples using gold nanoelectrode ensembles.
This work describes the application of a three-dimensional gold nanoelectrode ensembles (GNEE) for monitoring L-dopa in standards and human urine samples using flow injection analysis (FIA) with amperometric detection. Analytical results reveal that the GNEE exhibited better electrocatalytic activity than a gold disk or glassy carbon electrode. Under optimal conditions of L-dopa analysis at GNEE, the calibration plot has a linear range of 5-300 ng/mL with a coefficient of variation (CV) of 3.1% in pH 7.0 phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.0). The detection limit was 3.0 ng/mL for FIA. The high precision and sensitivity of GNEE provides a feasible means of directly determining l-dopa in urine samples.
Viswanathan
Subramanian
S
BioAnalytical Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
Liao
Wei-Ching
WC
Huang
Ching-Chieh
CC
Hsu
Wei-Ling
WL
Ho
Ja-An Annie
JA
D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000652:urine*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
D007980:Levodopa; D002244:Carbon; D006046:Gold