title: Surgical treatment of fixed cervical kyphosis with myelopathy.
abstract: METHODS
  A retrospective clinical study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate clinical and radiographic outcomes following the surgical treatment of fixed cervical kyphosis with myelopathy.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  To our knowledge, a study specifically addressing the surgical treatment of fixed cervical sagittal deformity has never before been published.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients treated surgically for fixed cervical kyphosis and myelopathy were followed for a mean of 4.5 years (range, 25-112 months). The study group consisted of 9 males and 7 females, with an average age of 52 years (range, 31-78 years). The principal etiologies of cervical deformity were prior laminectomy (63%), advanced spondylosis (19%), infection (6%), neuromuscular disease (6%), and metabolic disease (renal osteodystrophy) (6%). All patients were clinically evaluated by the Nurick classification and Odom criteria both before surgery and at the time of most recent follow-up. Radiographic analysis was performed using thin-cut CT scans, dynamic radiographs, and 14 x 36-inch scoliosis films.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean preoperative cervical Cobb angle as measured from the C2-C7 was +38 degrees and improved to -10 degrees at final follow-up, yielding an average correction of 48 degrees . The mean number of anterior and posterior segments fused was 4.8 (range, 2-6) and 7.2 (range, 3-14), respectively. The mean Nurick score improved from 2.4 before surgery to 1.5 at the time of follow-up. According to Odom criteria, outcomes were as follows: excellent (38%), good (50%), fair (6%), and poor (6%). At the time of most recent follow-up, solid bony arthrodesis and maintenance of correction occurred in all patients; however, revision was required in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of fixed cervical kyphosis with myelopathy using circumferential spinal osteotomies and instrumented reconstruction is technically demanding; however, restoration and maintenance of a neutral or lordotic cervical profile and excellent clinical outcomes are achievable.
authors: Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, McGaw Medical Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
authors: Brian A
authors: BA
authors: O'Shaughnessy
authors: John C
authors: JC
authors: Liu
authors: Patrick C
authors: PC
authors: Hsieh
authors: Tyler R
authors: TR
authors: Koski
authors: Aruna
authors: A
authors: Ganju
authors: Stephen L
authors: SL
authors: Ondra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome