title: Fasciola hepatica expresses multiple alpha- and beta-tubulin isotypes.
abstract: We have identified five alpha-tubulin and six beta-tubulin isotypes that are expressed in adult Fasciola hepatica. Amino acid sequence identities ranged between 72 and 95% for fluke alpha-tubulin and between 65 and 97% for beta-tubulin isotypes. Nucleotide sequence identity ranged between 68-77% and 62-80%, respectively, for their coding sequences. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that two of the alpha-tubulins and two of the beta-tubulins were distinctly divergent from the other trematode and nematode tubulin sequences described in this study, whereas the other isotypes segregated within the trematode clades. With regard to the proposed benzimidazole binding site on beta-tubulin, three of the fluke isotypes had tyrosine at position 200 of beta-tubulin, two had phenylalanine and one had leucine. All had phenylalanine at position 167 and glutamic acid at position 198. When isotype RT-PCR fragment sequences were compared between six individual flukes from the susceptible Cullompton isolate and from seven individual flukes from the two resistant isolates, Sligo and Oberon, these residues were conserved.
authors: School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom.
authors: Louise A
authors: LA
authors: Ryan
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Hoey
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: Trudgett
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: Fairweather
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Fuchs
authors: Mark W
authors: MW
authors: Robinson
authors: Emma
authors: E
authors: Chambers
authors: David J
authors: DJ
authors: Timson
authors: Eimear
authors: E
authors: Ryan
authors: Theresa
authors: T
authors: Feltwell
authors: Al
authors: A
authors: Ivens
authors: Geoffrey
authors: G
authors: Bentley
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Johnston
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005210:Fasciola hepatica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014404:Tubulin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D014404:Tubulin; C031000:benzimidazole