Bone generation in the reconstruction of a critical size calvarial defect in an experimental model.
This study was designed to investigate the optimal combination of known osteogenic biomaterials with shape conforming struts to achieve calvarial vault reconstruction, using a canine model. Eighteen adolescent beagles were divided equally into 6 groups. A critical-size defect of 6 x 2 cm traversed the sagittal suture. The biomaterials used for calvarial reconstruction were demineralized perforated bone matrix (DBM), recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2), and autogenous platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The struts used were cobalt chrome (metal) or resorbable plate. The groupings were as follows: 1) DBM + metal, 2) DBM + PRP + metal, 3) DBM + PRP + resorbable plate, 4) DBM + rhBMP2 + metal, 5) DBM + rhBMP2 + PRP + metal, and 6) DBM + rhBMP2 + resorbable plate. Animals were killed at 3 months after surgery. There was no mortality or major complications. Analysis was performed macroscopically and histologically and with computed tomography. There was complete bony regeneration in the rhBMP2 groups only. Non-rhBMP2 groups had minimal bony ingrowth from the defect edges and on the dural surface, a finding confirmed by computed tomographic scan and histology. Platelet-rich plasma did not enhance bone regeneration. Shape conformation was good with both metal and resorbable plate. rhBMP2, but not PRP, accelerated calvarial regeneration in 3 months. The DBMs in the rhBMP2 groups were substituted by new trabecular bone. Shape molding was good with both metal and resorbable plate.
Por
Yong-Chen
YC
International Craniofacial Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Barceló
C Raul
CR
Salyer
Kenneth E
KE
Genecov
David G
DG
Troxel
Karen
K
Gendler
El
E
Elsalanty
Mohammed E
ME
Opperman
Lynne A
LA
D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001860:Bone Plates; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002858:Chromium Alloys; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000601:surgery; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012886:Skull / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000627:therapeutic use
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002858:Chromium Alloys; D004396:Coloring Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid