title: Studies on diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from children with diarrhea in Myanmar.
abstract: Escherichia coli isolates from 217 children in Myanmar with diarrhea were investigated for the presence of virulence genes related to diarrhea by colony hybridization and PCR. The genes examined were lt, stI, stII, stx1, stx2, eae, bfp, pCVD (which is the representative gene of plasmid of pCVD of EAEC), and ial (which is invasion-associated locus of the invasion plasmid found in EIEC). Isolates from 47 of 217 children (21.7%) possessed virulence genes characteristic of diarrheagenic E. coli. No instance was found of co-existence of different E. coli strains with different virulence genes in the same patient. Diarrheagenic E. coli are currently classified into five categories based on their virulence markers: ETEC, EHEC, EPEC, EAEC, and EIEC. Of the 47 isolates examined, 30 were EAEC, 12 were EPEC and 5 were ETEC. Susceptibility tests for antimicrobial agents showed that almost all diarrheagenic isolates were resistant to penicillin, tetracycline and streptomycin. However, the majority of strains were sensitive to cephalexin, nalidixic acid and norfloxacin. In particular, 42 of the 47 isolates were sensitive to norfloxacin, which is a fluoroquinolone. This study shows EAEC and EPEC are responsible for sporadic diarrhea in Myanmar and fluoroquinolones appear to be effective in the treatment of these patients.
authors: Department of Protein Function, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
authors: Eizo
authors: E
authors: Takahashi
authors: Zafar
authors: Z
authors: Sultan
authors: Sumika
authors: S
authors: Shimada
authors: Wah Wah
authors: WW
authors: Aung
authors: Mar Mar
authors: MM
authors: Nyein
authors: Khin Nwe
authors: KN
authors: Oo
authors: Gopinath Balakrish
authors: GB
authors: Nair
authors: Yoshifumi
authors: Y
authors: Takeda
authors: Keinosuke
authors: K
authors: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D002052:Myanmar; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization / Q000379:methods; D010957:Plasmids; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors