title: Carcinoembryonic antigen and CD44 variant isoforms cooperate to mediate colon carcinoma cell adhesion to E- and L-selectin in shear flow.
abstract: Selectin-mediated adhesion of tumor cells to platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells may regulate their hematogenous dissemination in the microvasculature. We recently identified CD44 variant isoforms (CD44v) as functional P-, but not E- or L-, selectin ligands on colon carcinoma cells. Moreover, an approximately 180-kDa sialofucosylated glycoprotein(s) mediated selectin binding in CD44-knockdown cells. Using immunoaffinity chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry, we identify this glycoprotein as the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Blot rolling assays and flow-based adhesion assays using microbeads coated with CEA immunopurified from LS174T colon carcinoma cells and selectins as substrate reveal that CEA possesses E- and L-, but not P-, selectin ligand activity. CEA on CD44-knockdown LS174T cells exhibits higher HECA-452 immunoreactivity than CEA on wild-type cells, suggesting that CEA functions as an alternative acceptor for selectin-binding glycans. The enhanced expression of HECA-452 reactive epitopes on CEA from CD44-knockdown cells correlates with the increased CEA avidity for E- but not L-selectin. Through the generation of stable knockdown cell lines, we demonstrate that CEA serves as an auxiliary L-selectin ligand, which stabilizes L-selectin-dependent cell rolling against fluid shear. Moreover, CEA and CD44v cooperate to mediate colon carcinoma cell adhesion to E- and L-selectin at elevated shear stresses. The novel finding that CEA is an E- and L-selectin ligand may explain the enhanced metastatic potential associated with tumor cell CEA overexpression and the supportive role of selectins in metastasis.
authors: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
authors: Susan N
authors: SN
authors: Thomas
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Zhu
authors: Ronald L
authors: RL
authors: Schnaar
authors: Christina S
authors: CS
authors: Alves
authors: Konstantinos
authors: K
authors: Konstantopoulos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D033081:Shear Strength
chemical_list: C497483:CD44 protein, human; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D019040:E-Selectin; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D019041:L-Selectin