Altered immunological reactivity in HIV-1-exposed uninfected neonates.
This work aimed to evaluate immune events in HIV-1-exposed uninfected neonates born from mothers who control (G1) or not (G2) the plasma viral load, using unexposed neonates as controls. Cord blood from each neonate was collected, plasma and mononuclear cells were separated and the lymphoproliferation and cytokine pattern were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the in vitro lymphoproliferation induced by polyclonal activators was higher in the G2 neonates. Nevertheless, no cell culture responded to poll synthetic HIV-1 envelope peptides. The cytokine dosage in the plasma and supernatants of polyclonally-activated cultures demonstrated that, while IL-4 and IL-10 were the dominant cytokines produced in G1 and control groups, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were significantly higher in G2 neonates. Systemic levels of IL-10 observed among the G1 neonates were higher in those born from anti-retroviral treated mothers. In summary, our results indicate an altered immune responsiveness in neonates exposed in utero to HIV and support the role of maternal anti-retroviral treatment to attenuate it.
Hygino
Joana
J
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Lima
Patrícia G
PG
Filho
Renato G S
RG
Silva
Agostinho A L
AA
Saramago
Carmen S M
CS
Andrade
Regis M
RM
Andrade
Daniel M
DM
Andrade
Arnaldo F B
AF
Brindeiro
Rodrigo
R
Tanuri
Amilcar
A
Bento
Cleonice A M
CA
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019562:Viral Load
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015488:HIV Antigens; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma