title: Modeling real-time 3-d lung deformations for medical visualization.
abstract: In this paper, we propose a physics-based and physiology-based approach for modeling real-time deformations of 3-D high-resolution polygonal lung models obtained from high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images of normal human subjects. The physics-based deformation operator is nonsymmetric, which accounts for the heterogeneous elastic properties of the lung tissue and spatial-dynamic flow properties of the air. An iterative approach is used to estimate the deformation with the deformation operator initialized based on the regional alveolar expandability, a key physiology-based parameter. The force applied on each surface node is based on the airflow pattern inside the lungs, which is known to be based on the orientation of the human subject. The validation of lung dynamics is done by resimulating the lung deformation and comparing it with HRCT data and computing force applied on each node derived from a 4-D HRCT dataset of a normal human subject using the proposed deformation operator and verifying its gradient with the orientation.
authors: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center Orlando and the College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA. anand@odalab.ucf.edu
authors: Anand P
authors: AP
authors: Santhanam
authors: Celina
authors: C
authors: Imielinska
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Davenport
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Kupelian
authors: Jannick P
authors: JP
authors: Rolland
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D003199:Computer Systems; D004548:Elasticity; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*