title: Childhood spinal muscular atrophy induces alterations in contractile and regulatory protein isoform expressions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although modifications of the survival motor neurone gene are responsible for most spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) cases, the molecular pathophysiology and the muscular target proteins involved are still unknown. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of contractile and regulatory protein isoforms in quadriceps muscles from SMA children with age-matched control quadriceps.
  
  
  METHODS
  The isoform patterns of myosin heavy chains (MHC), troponin subunits (T, C and I) and tropomyosin were determined by immunoblotting, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and mass spectrometry analyses. Depending on the disease severity, their expression levels were followed in specific variants of SMA populations (types I, II and III), with comparison with age-matched control muscles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The isoform transitions in SMA muscles were different from the fast-to-faster transitions occurring in normal muscles from children aged 1 month to 5 years old. Moreover, the expression of the neonatal MHC isoform was not repressed in SMA muscles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of the neonatal MHC isoform in SMA muscles indicates an alteration of the phenotype in these diseased muscles. It is strongly suggested that MHC and troponin T proteins may be good markers for the SMA pathology.
authors: Laboratoire de Plasticité Neuromusculaire, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq cedex, France. Laurence.Stevens@univ-lille1.fr
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Stevens
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Bastide
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Maurage
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Dupont
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Montel
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Cieniewski-Bernard
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Cuisset
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Vallée
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Mounier
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001706:Biopsy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003285:Contractile Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007223:Infant; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014897:Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014335:Tropomyosin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019209:Troponin C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019210:Troponin I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020107:Troponin T / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003285:Contractile Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014335:Tropomyosin; D019209:Troponin C; D019210:Troponin I; D020107:Troponin T; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains