title: Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the technique of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) with high clearance rates, low morbidity, and mortality rates.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  LCBDE is well accepted by patients because treatment is obtained during the same anesthesia. If one stage therapy for gallstones and common bile duct stones provides success rates equivalent to those of the sequential approach, with lower costs, this should be considered the standard of care.
  
  
  METHODS
  From September 1991 to March 2007, 5201 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed at São José Avaí Hospital. LCBDE was carried out in 481 patients (9.25%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 481 LCBDE, 225 (46.78%) were managed using a transcystic approach and 183 (38.05%) with choledochotomy (114 with transcystic choledochotomy and 69 with longitudinal opening of the common bile duct). Successful laparoscopic stone clearance was achieved in 468 (97.3%). An elective postsurgical endoscopic sphincterotomy were done on the 13 (2.70%) patients not cleared laparoscopically. Seven patients had unexpected retained stones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LCBDE during laparoscopic cholecystectomy solves 2 problems during the same anesthesia with high success rates and may be employed successfully.
authors: Department of Surgery, São José do Avaí Hospital, Itaperuna, RJ, Brazil.
authors: Renam
authors: R
authors: Tinoco
authors: Augusto
authors: A
authors: Tinoco
authors: Luciana
authors: L
authors: El-Kadre
authors: Leandro
authors: L
authors: Peres
authors: Daniela
authors: D
authors: Sueth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D041761:Cholecystolithiasis / Q000601:surgery*; D042883:Choledocholithiasis / Q000601:surgery*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003135:Common Bile Duct / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic