title: Isolation and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from raccoons (Procyon lotor), cats (Felis domesticus), striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis), black bear (Ursus americanus), and cougar (Puma concolor) from Canada.
abstract: Viable Toxoplasma gondii was isolated by bioassay in mice from tissues of 2 feral cats (Felis domesticus), 2 raccoons (Procyon lotor), a skunk (Mephitis mephitis) trapped in remote locations in Manitoba, Canada, and a black bear (Ursus americanus) from Kuujjuaq, northern Quebec, Canada. Genotyping of these T. gondii isolates using polymorphisms at 10 nuclear markers including SAGI, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1, and an apicoplast marker Apico revealed 4 genotypes. None of the isolates was clonal archetypal Types I, II, and III found in the United States. These results are in contrast with the Type II genotype that is widespread in domestic animals and humans throughout the United States and Europe. This is the first genotyping of T. gondii isolates from this part of North America.
authors: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Building 1001, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2350, USA. jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Dubey
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Quirk
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Pittt
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Sundar
authors: G V
authors: GV
authors: Velmurugan
authors: O C H
authors: OC
authors: Kwok
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Leclair
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Hill
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Su
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D001921:Brain / Q000469:parasitology; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002335:Carnivora / Q000469:parasitology*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology; D002415:Cats; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000737:chemistry; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D008168:Lung / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D012889:Mephitidae / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000469:parasitology; D046011:Puma / Q000469:parasitology; D011821:Raccoons / Q000469:parasitology; D014059:Tongue / Q000469:parasitology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D001503:Ursidae / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan