title: Alteration in transthoracic impedance following cardiac surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Haemodynamically significant ventricular tachyarrhythmias are a frequent complication in the immediate post-operative period after cardiac surgery. Successful cardioversion depends on delivery of sufficient current, which in turn is dependent on transthoracic impedance (TTI). However, it is uncertain if there is a change in TTI immediately following cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
  
  
  METHODS
  TTI was measured on 40 patients undergoing first time isolated cardiac surgery using CPB. TTI was recorded at 30 kHz using Bodystat Multiscan 5000 equipment before operation (with and without a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 5 cm of H(2)O) and then at 1, 4 and 24 h after the operation. Data was analyzed to determine the relationship between pre- and post-operative variables and TTI values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean pre-operative TTI was 54.5+/-10.55 ohms without PEEP and 61.8+/-15.4 ohms on a PEEP of 5 cm of H(2)O. TTI dropped significantly (p<0.001) after the operation to 47.2+/-10.6 ohms at 1 h, 42.6+/-10.2 ohms at 4 h and 41.8+/-10.4 ohms at 24 h. A positive correlation was noted between duration of operation and TTI change at 1 h (r=0.38; p=0.016). There was no significant correlation between the duration of bypass and change in TTI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TTI decreases by more than 30% in the immediate post-operative period following cardiac surgery. This state may favour defibrillation at lower energy levels.
authors: Department of Cardiothoracic surgery and Anaesthesia, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Wythenshawe Hospital, Southmoor Road, Manchester M23 9LT, United Kingdom. n u khan@hotmail.com
authors: Nouman U
authors: NU
authors: Khan
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Strang
authors: Claire
authors: C
authors: Bonsheck
authors: Bhuvana
authors: B
authors: Krishnamurty
authors: Timothy L
authors: TL
authors: Hooper
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology