title: Reduced CAG repeats length in androgen receptor gene is associated with violent criminal behavior.
abstract: Androgens mediate their functions through androgen receptors (AR). The two triplet repeats in the AR gene (CAG and GGN) are highly polymorphic among various populations and have been extensively studied in diverse clinical conditions and antisocial personality disorders. Several studies have reported either higher levels of testosterone among rapists or the correlation of shorter CAG repeats with criminal activities. However, to date, no study has analyzed AR gene in rapists worldwide, and no study has been conducted on criminals from Indian subcontinent. Therefore, we have analyzed the AR-CAG repeat length in 645 men, of which 241 were convicted for rape, 107 for murder, 26 for both murder and rape, and 271 were control males. The aim was to explore if there was any correlation between CAG repeat length and criminal behavior. The study revealed significantly shorter CAG repeats in the rapists (mean 18.44 repeats) and murderers (mean 17.59 repeats) compared to the control men (mean 21.19 repeats). The criminals who committed murder after rape had a far shorter mean repeat length (mean 17.31 repeats) in comparison to the controls or those convicted of rape or murder alone. In short, our study suggests that the reduced CAG repeats in the AR gene are associated with criminal behavior. This, along with other studies, would help in understanding the biological factors associated with the antisocial or criminal activities.
authors: Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
authors: Singh
authors: S
authors: Rajender
authors: Guguluth
authors: G
authors: Pandu
authors: J D
authors: JD
authors: Sharma
authors: K P C
authors: KP
authors: Gandhi
authors: Lalji
authors: L
authors: Singh
authors: Kumarasamy
authors: K
authors: Thangaraj
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D053803:Forensic Genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D014754:Violence; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D011944:Receptors, Androgen