title: Variation of the obturator foramen and pubic arch of the female bony pelvis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine dimensions of the obturator foramen and pubic arch of the female pelvis and to assess for variability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six female pelvises were selected from the Cleveland Natural History Museum. The obturator foramen area, pubic arch angle, pubic ramus, pubic symphysis, and anterior urogenital triangle area were measured. Linear regression was used to evaluate independent associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was considerable variability of the bony architecture. The mean obturator foramen area was 12.2 +/- 2.1 cm(2) (range, 7.38-18.22 cm(2)). After controlling for height, the pubic ramus width, pubic symphysis length, and interobturator foramina distance were significantly greater in European American women compared with African American women. Obturator foramen area increased with increasing height (P = .0008) but was not associated with race.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is considerable variability in the bony architecture of the obturator foramen and pubic arch of the female pelvis. Race and height may account for some of these variabilities.
authors: Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. ridgewb@ccf.org
authors: Beri M
authors: BM
authors: Ridgeway
authors: Beatriz E
authors: BE
authors: Arias
authors: Matthew D
authors: MD
authors: Barber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001827:Body Height; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D011630:Pubic Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D011631:Pubic Symphysis / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D053825:Suburethral Slings; D044465:White People