title: [Role of progesterone in acylation stimulating protein-receptor C5L2 pathway in adipocytes and preadipocytes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of progesterone on the mRNA expression of acylation stimulating protein (ASP)-receptor C5L2 in adipocytes and preadipocytes and the C5L2 protein expression on the cell surface.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preadipocytes of the line 3T3-L1 were cultured and induced to differentiate. Progesterone of the doses 0 - 1 x 10(-6) mol/L was added into the cultured fluid of the mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes and preadipocytes overnight. RT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of ASP receptor C5L2. Both non-progesterone treated and progesterone-treated 3T3-L1 cells were cultured with 5.0 micromol/L ASP for 4 hours, then the cell protein was extracted and the expressions of G protein (including Galphaq/11 and Gbeta) and phosphated protein kinase C (including p-PKCalpha and p-PKCzeta) were measured by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The C5L2 protein expression level of the mature adipocytes stimulated by progesterone 1 x 10(-6) mol/L for 18 h was 36% +/- 15%, significantly downregulated compared with that of the adipocytes stimulated by progesterone 0 mol/L (46% +/- 12%, P < 0.01), with a inhibition rate of 22%. The C5L2 mRNA and protein expression levels of the preadipocytes stimulated by progesterone 1 x 10(-6) mol/L for 18 h were 0.17 +/- 0.11 and 36% +/- 16% respectively, both significantly lower than those of the preadipocytes stimulated by progesterone 0 mol/L (0.50 +/- 0.18 and 51% +/- 20% respectively, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05) with the inhibition rates of 66% and 29%respectively. The ASP-stimulated Galphaq/11, Gbeta, p-PKCalpha, and p-PKCzeta expression levels of the mature adipocytes after overnight exposure to progesterone 1 x 10(-8) and 1 x 10(-6) mol/L were suppressed dose-dependently. For example, the ASP-stimulated Galphaq/11, Gbeta, and p-PKCalpha expression levels of the progesterone 1 x 10(-6) mol/L group were significantly lower than those of the progesterone 0 mol/L group by 41%, 63%, and 49% respectively (P < 0.05 to P < 0.01. In the preadipocytes the reduction of ASP-induced Galphaq/11, Gbeta, and p-PKCzeta expression levels were observed at the concentration of progesterone as low as 1 x 10(-8) mol/L, and all the four proteins were inhibited significantly at the 1 x 10(-6) mol/L progesterone concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progesterone induces ASP resistance in adipocytes and preadipocytes. ASP resistance may contribute to the physiological abnormalities associated with insulin resistance induced by progesterone.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China. ywen79@yahoo.com.cn
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Wen
authors: Hong-Wei
authors: HW
authors: Wang
authors: Xiu-Fen
authors: XF
authors: Hu
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Cianflone
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Wei
authors: Zhi
authors: Z
authors: Xia
authors: Rui-Zhen
authors: RZ
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D000215:Acylation; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044087:Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C000594938:C5ar2 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044087:Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D011374:Progesterone; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins