Low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity: past, present, and future.
This review article discusses the biology of low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity (HRS) with reference to the molecular regulation of DNA repair and cell cycle control processes. Particular attention is paid to the significance of G2-phase cell cycle checkpoints in overcoming low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity and the impact of HRS on low-dose rate radiobiology. The history of HRS from the original in vivo discovery to the most recent in vitro and clinical data are examined to present a unifying hypothesis concerning the molecular control and regulation of this important low dose radiation response. Finally, preclinical and clinical data are discussed, from a molecular viewpoint, to provide theoretical approaches to exploit HRS biology for clinical gain.
Marples
Brian
B
Department of Radiation Oncology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA. brian.marples@beaumont.edu
Collis
Spencer J
SJ
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000502:physiology; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000502:physiology*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011853:Radiobiology