PILRalpha is a herpes simplex virus-1 entry coreceptor that associates with glycoprotein B.
Glycoprotein B (gB) is one of the essential components for infection by herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). Although several cellular receptors that associate with glycoprotein D (gD), such as herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) and Nectin-1, have been identified, specific molecules that mediate HSV-1 infection by associating with gB have not been elucidated. Here, we found that paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor (PILR) alpha associates with gB, and cells transduced with PILRalpha become susceptible to HSV-1 infection. Furthermore, HSV-1 infection of human primary cells expressing both HVEM and PILRalpha was blocked by either anti-PILRalpha or anti-HVEM antibody. Our results demonstrate that cellular receptors for both gB and gD are required for HSV-1 infection and that PILRalpha plays an important role in HSV-1 infection as a coreceptor that associates with gB. These findings uncover a crucial aspect of the mechanism underlying HSV-1 infection.
Satoh
Takeshi
T
Department of Immunochemistry, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Arii
Jun
J
Suenaga
Tadahiro
T
Wang
Jing
J
Kogure
Amane
A
Uehori
Junji
J
Arase
Noriko
N
Shiratori
Ikuo
I
Tanaka
Shinya
S
Kawaguchi
Yasushi
Y
Spear
Patricia G
PG
Lanier
Lewis L
LL
Arase
Hisashi
H
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D016466:CHO Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C412263:PILRA protein, human; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C040495:glycoprotein B, Simplexvirus