title: Development of secondary lymphoid organs.
abstract: Secondary lymphoid organs develop during embryogenesis or in the first few weeks after birth according to a highly coordinated series of interactions between newly emerging hematopoietic cells and immature mesenchymal or stromal cells. These interactions are orchestrated by homeostatic chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors that attract hematopoietic cells to sites of future lymphoid organ development and promote their survival and differentiation. In turn, lymphotoxin-expressing hematopoietic cells trigger the differentiation of stromal and endothelial cells that make up the scaffolding of secondary lymphoid organs. Lymphotoxin signaling also maintains the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines that govern the ultimate structure and function of secondary lymphoid organs. Here we describe the current paradigm of secondary lymphoid organ development and discuss the subtle differences in the timing, molecular interactions, and cell types involved in the development of each secondary lymphoid organ.
authors: Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, New York 12983, USA. trandall@trudeauinstitute.org
authors: Troy D
authors: TD
authors: Randall
authors: Damian M
authors: DM
authors: Carragher
authors: Javier
authors: J
authors: Rangel-Moreno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D051379:Mice; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines