title: N-Demethylation is a major route of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline metabolism in mouse.
abstract: 2-Amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (IQ) metabolism was evaluated in mouse to better understand its tumorigenicity. Urinary metabolites from mice orally administered 40 mg/kg [(14)C]IQ were compared with those from similarly treated rats. The recovery of radioactivity was significantly greater in mouse urine. The relative proportion of metabolites was significantly different, and a new rodent metabolite was detected. For rat, the proportion of previously identified metabolites excreted was 5-O-glucuronide > sulfamate > 5-sulfate > N-glucuronide. In mouse urine, a new metabolite, demethyl-IQ, represented approximately 26% of IQ metabolism with the proportion of metabolites as follows: 5-O-glucuronide > demethyl-IQ > sulfamate > N-glucuronide > 5-sulfate. Mouse metabolites were identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Demethyl-IQ was shown to be 2-aminoimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline. N-Acetyl-2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline was not detected with mice. Mouse liver slices produced 5-O-glucuronide, demethyl-IQ, and sulfamate with the former two being significantly reduced by ellipticine. Liver microsomes only produced demethyl-IQ. Ellipticine, a cytochrome P450 1A inhibitor, but not furafylline, an 1A2 selective inhibitor, prevented microsomal N-demethylation. Inhibitors had similar effects on 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation activity. Demethyl-IQ was not further metabolized by an intact mouse or liver microsomes. Thus, mouse IQ metabolism is significantly different from that in rat, and these differences may affect IQ tumorigenicity. N-Demethylation of IQ-like heterocyclic amines occurs in mouse, monkey, and human but not in rat.
authors: VA Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri 63125, USA.
authors: Vijaya M
authors: VM
authors: Lakshmi
authors: Fong Fu
authors: FF
authors: Hsu
authors: Terry V
authors: TV
authors: Zenser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D011804:Quinolines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D011804:Quinolines; C029216:2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline