title: Heat stress induces Cdc2 protein decrease prior to mouse spermatogenic cell apoptosis.
abstract: Both mitosis and meiosis are driven by M-phase promoting factor (MPF), a complex with Cdc2 and Cyclin B. The concentration of Cdc2 remains relatively constant during the cell cycle, while the concentration of Cyclin B fluctuates periodically. Many studies have demonstrated high expression levels of Cdc2 and Cyclin B in the testis. In some gene knock-out mice insufficient amounts of MPF blocked the spermatocytes at the G2/M transition and this was followed by spermatocyte apoptosis. In this study, we examined the expression and the alteration of Cdc2 in testis during the spermatocyte apoptosis process induced by transient heat stress. The results showed that the spermatogenic cell apoptosis was detectable by the TUNEL assay at 4h post-treatment. At 10h, almost all spermatocytes began apoptosis. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry indicated that cdc2 was primarily expressed in spermatocytes. Neither the distribution nor the amount of cdc2 mRNA was significantly influenced by the heat stress. In contrast, the amount of Cdc2 protein decreased significantly at 3h post-treatment, which was detectable before apoptosis. This indicated that Cdc2 was susceptible to heat stress in the testis. Cdc2 levels remained low until 8h post-treatment. It was possible that the swift decline in Cdc2 and the resulting lack of MPF blocked the spermatocytes at G2/M transition. Meiosis in the spermatocytes was disrupted leading to the initiation of apoptosis. The results provide evidence that the lack of Cdc2 might induce spermatocyte apoptosis after transient heat stress.
authors: Life Science College, Shandong University, 27 Shandanan Street, Jinan, Shandong 250100, P.R. China.
authors: Yanjun
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiping
authors: X
authors: Yang
authors: Huiren
authors: H
authors: Cao
authors: Zhongke
authors: Z
authors: Chen
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Du
authors: Weihua
authors: W
authors: Kong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D048430:Cell Shape; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008297:Male; D000090204:Mesothelin; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013090:Spermatocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: C000715528:Msln protein, mouse; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D000090204:Mesothelin