[Polycystic ovary syndrome and pregnancy: clinical experience].
BACKGROUND
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine metabolic dysfunction closely associated with insulin resistance and obesity, which predisposes to pregnancy complications.


OBJECTIVE
To report a prospective clinical experience in PCOS patients who became pregnant after diet, exercise and metformin treatment intervention, and were followed up during the whole pregnancy.


METHODS
Seventy pregnant PCOS (PPCOS) women and forty normal pregnant (NP) women of similar age and with singleton pregnancies were included in the study. During gestational ages 10-16 and 22-28 weeks, a 2h, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed with measurement of glucose and insulin in each sample.


RESULTS
No differences were found in duration of gestation, weight gain during pregnancy, or systolic and diastolic blood pressure between PPCOS and NP women. There were significant differences in body mass index (BMI) at the initiation and in the third trimester of pregnancy between both groups. The incidence of gestational diabetes was significantly higher (p <0.01) in the PCOS group (35.2%) compared to the control group (5.0%). The prevalence of small for gestational age (SGA) infants tended to be higher (p =0.09) in the PCOS group. During pregnancy, 2h glucose and insulin were significantly higher in PPCOS than in NP women.


CONCLUSIONS
PCOS mothers showed a higher prevalence of gestational diabetes and SGA newborns, which cannot be attributed to the weight gain during pregnancy, and seems to be more related to the BMI at the initiation of pregnancy, and to the PCOS condition of the mother.
Villarroel
Ana Claudia
AC
Unidad de Diabetes y Nutrición, Departamento de Medicina, Campus Occidente, Universidad de Chile. Hospital San Juan de Dios, Santiago, Chile.
Echiburú
Bárbara
B
Riesco
Virginia
V
Maliqueo
Manuel
M
Cárcamo
Michael
M
Hitschfeld
Catalina
C
Sánchez
Fernando
F
del Solar
María Paz
MP
Sir-Petermann
Teresa
T
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000175:diagnosis; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011295:Prenatal Care