Nonequilibrium zero-bias anomaly in disordered metals.
We extend the theory of a zero-bias anomaly (ZBA) in the tunneling density of states of a diffusive metallic film to out-of-equilibrium conditions. An effective action describing virtual fluctuations out of equilibrium is derived. The singular behavior of the equilibrium ZBA is smoothed out by real processes of inelastic scattering.
Gutman
D B
DB
Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
Gefen
Yuval
Y
Mirlin
A D
AD