title: Psychiatric education and simulation: a review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Simulation methodologies are integral to health professional education at all levels of training and across all disciplines. This article reviews the literature on simulation in psychiatric education and explores recent innovations and emerging ethical considerations related to teaching and evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors searched the MEDLINE, ERIC, and PsycINFO databases from 1986 to 2006 using multiple search terms. A detailed manual search was conducted of Academic Psychiatry, Academic Medicine, and Medical Education. Literature indirectly relevant to the search parameter was also included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the more than 5000 articles retrieved from the literature on simulation and health professional education, 72 articles and books used the terms simulation and standardized patients or role play and psychiatry education. Of the more than 900 articles on objective structured clinical examinations (OSCE), 24 articles related specifically to psychiatry OSCEs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Live simulation is used in teaching, assessment, and research at all levels of training in psychiatric education. Simulated and standardized patients are useful and appropriate for teaching and assessment and are well accepted at both undergraduate and post-graduate level. There is also an important place for role play. Further research is needed regarding the implications of different simulation technologies in psychiatry.
authors: Standardized Patient Program, University of Toronto, Ontario. n.mcnaughton@utoronto.ca
authors: Nancy
authors: N
authors: McNaughton
authors: Paula
authors: P
authors: Ravitz
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Wadell
authors: Brian D
authors: BD
authors: Hodges
mesh_terms: D002982:Clinical Clerkship; D006801:Humans; D016544:Patient Simulation; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000193:education* / Q000941:ethics; D012381:Role Playing; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*