title: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis after liver transplantation: rapid and complete response to combined and sequential antifungal therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a rare, but severe and potentially fatal, complication after liver transplantation. There is no therapeutic regimen accepted worldwide for both initial and continuation therapy; nevertheless, several options have been proposed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report and review of the pertinent English-language literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a patient with pulmonary aspergillosis after a liver transplant, combined and sequential therapy with caspofungin and voriconazole with termination of the immunosuppressive regimen and careful management were helpful to control the infection rapidly, possibly because of a positive drug interaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cases of invasive aspergillosis that are refractory to monotherapy, this regimen may be used in an attempt to overcome the infection.
authors: Department of Surgery, Gulhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. mfcan@gata.edu.tr
authors: Mehmet Fatih
authors: MF
authors: Can
authors: Gokhan
authors: G
authors: Yagci
authors: Levent
authors: L
authors: Gorenek
authors: Ergun
authors: E
authors: Tozkoparan
authors: Ismail
authors: I
authors: Ozerhan
authors: Sadettin
authors: S
authors: Cetiner
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000077336:Caspofungin; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D055666:Lipopeptides; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D000077336:Caspofungin; D065819:Voriconazole