Reduction in added sugar intake and improvement in insulin secretion in overweight latina adolescents.
BACKGROUND
To date, no study has assessed the effects of modifying carbohydrate intake (specifically decreasing added sugar and increasing fiber) on insulin secretion, nor has any study used an overweight Latino adolescent population. The objective of this study was to examine whether changes in dietary intake, specifically reductions in added sugar and/or increases in fiber, following a 12-week, modified carbohydrate dietary intervention, were associated with changes in insulin secretion and other metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
Participants were 16 overweight (>/=85th percentile BMI) Latina adolescent females (12-17 years) who completed a 12-week modified carbohydrate intervention. Dietary intake was assessed by 3-day diet records, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and insulin dynamics by an extended 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at baseline and postintervention.


RESULTS
There was a trend for unadjusted change in reported added sugar intake (% of kcals) to be associated with change in insulin secretion, i.e. IAUC (r = 0.47; p = 0.075), and this relationship became significant after controlling for age, baseline insulin secretion, added sugar and adiposity, and change in adiposity (r = 0.85; p < 0.05). No other changes in dietary variables were related to changes in insulin secretion or other metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes.


CONCLUSIONS
Participants with greater reductions in added sugar intake showed significantly greater improvements in insulin secretion following a modified carbohydrate nutrition intervention. These findings suggest that interventions focused on decreasing added sugar intake have the potential to reduce type 2 diabetes risk in overweight youth.
Davis
Jaimie N
JN
Department of Preventive, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California.
Ventura
Emily E
EE
Shaibi
Gabriel Q
GQ
Weigensberg
Marc J
MJ
Spruijt-Metz
Donna
D
Watanabe
Richard M
RM
Goran
Michael I
MI