Fully acid-degradable biocompatible polyacetal microparticles for drug delivery.
A library of polyurethanes and polyureas with different hydrophobicities containing the same acid-degradable dimethyl ketal moiety embedded in the polymer main chain have been prepared. All polymers were synthesized using an AA-BB type step-growth polymerization by reaction of bis(p-nitrophenyl carbamate/carbonate) or diisocyanate monomers with an acid-degradable, ketal-containing diamine. These polymers were designed to hydrolyze at different rates in mildly acidic conditions as a function of their hydrophobicity to afford small molecules only with no polymeric byproduct. The library of polymers was screened for the formation of microparticles using a double emulsion technique. The microparticles that were obtained degraded significantly faster at acidic pH (5.0) than at physiological pH (7.4) with degradation kinetics related to the hydrophobicity of the starting polymer. In vitro studies demonstrated the ability of the FITC-BSA loaded microparticles to be phagocytosed by macrophages resulting in a 10-fold increase in the protein uptake compared to a free protein control; in addition, the microparticles were found to be nontoxic at the concentrations tested of up to 1 mg/mL. The ease of preparation of the polymers coupled with the ability to tune their hydrophobicity and the high acid sensitivity of the microparticles identify this new class of materials as promising candidates for the delivery of bioactive materials.
Paramonov
Sergey E
SE
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA.
Bachelder
Eric M
EM
Beaudette
Tristan T
TT
Standley
Stephany M
SM
Lee
Cameron C
CC
Dashe
Jesse
J
Fréchet
Jean M J
JM
D000080:Acetals / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D000143:Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007700:Kinetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008863:Microspheres; D010587:Phagocytosis; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D000080:Acetals; D000143:Acids; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011108:Polymers; D014867:Water; C016067:polyacetal