title: Inspiratory muscle training compared with other rehabilitation interventions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review update.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) (alone or combined with exercise and/or pulmonary rehabilitation) and compare with other rehabilitation interventions among adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic review, using Cochrane Collaboration protocol. We included randomized controlled trials, published in English, comparing IMT or combined IMT and exercise/pulmonary rehabilitation with other rehabilitation interventions among adults with COPD. Abstracts were reviewed independently by 2 investigators to determine study eligibility up to December 2005. Data were abstracted and methodological quality of included studies was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 156 additional articles were retrieved. Two new studies met the inclusion criteria and were included with 16 studies in the original review. Results highlight updated subgroup analyses comparing (1) IMT versus exercise and (2) combined IMT and exercise versus exercise alone. Fourteen meta-analyses were performed for outcomes of inspiratory muscle strength, exercise tolerance, and quality of life. Results showed significant improvements in maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum exercise tidal volume favoring combined IMT and exercise compared with exercise alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Performing a combination of IMT plus exercise may lead to significant improvements in inspiratory muscle strength and one outcome of exercise tolerance for individuals with COPD.
authors: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. kelly.obrien@utoronto.ca
authors: Kelly
authors: K
authors: O'Brien
authors: E Lynne
authors: EL
authors: Geddes
authors: W Darlene
authors: WD
authors: Reid
authors: Dina
authors: D
authors: Brooks
authors: Jean
authors: J
authors: Crowe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D006801:Humans; D053580:Muscle Strength; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011788:Quality of Life; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome