title: A novel approach for the selection of human sperm using annexin V-binding and flow cytometry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a method whereby sperm with phosphatidylserine externalization can be separated from those without this feature. Because annexin V binds phosphatidylserine, this study is using this feature to select functional spermatozoa. In addition, the relationship between annexin V binding in human spermatozoa and normal sperm morphology according to strict criteria was to be assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Stellenbosch University at Tygerberg Academic Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semen from 14 healthy sperm donors. Exclusion criterion was the presence of less than 20 x 10(6)/mL total motile spermatozoa in the original sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Annexin V-negative sperm, annexin V-positive sperm, normal sperm morphology.
  
  
  METHODS
  An aliquot of a semen sample after double density gradient centrifugation was incubated with annexin V fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugate (FITC). Cell fluorescence signals were determined using a FACScalibur flow cytometer equipped with a FACSSort fluidic sorting module. The sorting procedure delivered two sperm subpopulations: annexin V-negative and annexin V-positive. Morphology slides were made and the sperm morphology was assessed according to strict criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant enrichment of annexin V-negative sperm as well as morphologically normal sperm in the annexin V-negative subgroup after separation with flow cytometry. The percentage of morphologically normal sperm increased from 8.3% in the control to 11.9% in the annexin V-negative fraction, whereas the percentage of annexin V-positive sperm decreased to 5.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The annexin V-negative sperm subpopulation had morphologically superior quality sperm compared to annexin V-positive sperm. It is important to select morphologically normal sperm during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) as it may contribute to increased implantation and pregnancy rates (PR).
authors: Reproductive Biology Unit, Tygerberg Academic Hospital and Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa.
authors: Christiaan F
authors: CF
authors: Hoogendijk
authors: Theunis F
authors: TF
authors: Kruger
authors: Patric J D
authors: PJ
authors: Bouic
authors: Ralf R
authors: RR
authors: Henkel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011485:Protein Binding; D055101:Semen Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5