title: Expression of ACE and ACE2 in individuals with diabetic kidney disease and healthy controls.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 (ACE2) is expressed mainly in the heart and kidney and forms angiotensin-1-7 from angiotensin II. ACE2 might act in a counterregulatory manner to ACE. There is little information about renal ACE and ACE2 expression in human diabetic nephropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kidney tissue from 20 patients with type 2 diabetes and overt nephropathy and 20 healthy kidney donors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal expression of ACE and ACE2 assessed by means of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Correlation between ACE and ACE2 expression and levels of various biochemical parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decreased ACE2 and increased ACE expression in both the tubulointerstitium and glomeruli resulted in a significant (P < 0.001) increase in ACE/ACE2 ratio in patients with diabetes with overt nephropathy compared with controls, although ACE messenger RNA in the tubulointerstitium did not significantly increase. ACE/ACE2 ratio correlated positively with values for mean blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum creatinine, proteinuria, and hemoglobin A(1c) and inversely with estimated glomerular filtration rate (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inclusion of small number of human renal biopsy specimens with structural distortion of cortical tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high ACE/ACE2 ratio in kidneys of patients with type 2 diabetes with overt nephropathy may contribute to renal injury.
authors: Department of Nephrology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. sm210@med.toho-u.ac.jp
authors: Sonoo
authors: S
authors: Mizuiri
authors: Hiromichi
authors: H
authors: Hemmi
authors: Michitsune
authors: M
authors: Arita
authors: Yasushi
authors: Y
authors: Ohashi
authors: Yoshihide
authors: Y
authors: Tanaka
authors: Moriatsu
authors: M
authors: Miyagi
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Sakai
authors: Yukio
authors: Y
authors: Ishikawa
authors: Kazutoshi
authors: K
authors: Shibuya
authors: Hiroki
authors: H
authors: Hase
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Aikawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C000705307:ACE2 protein, human; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2