title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in migraine patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The main objective of this study was to investigate the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) genotype as a possible risk factor for migraine (both with and without aura) compared to controls. We also wanted to examine whether a clinical response to an ACE inhibitor, lisinopril, or an angiotensin II receptor blocker, candesartan, in migraine prophylaxis was related to ACE genotype.
  
  
  METHODS
  347 migraine patients aged 18-68 (155 migraine without aura (MoA), 187 migraine with aura (MwA) and 5 missing aura subgroup data) and 403 healthy non-migrainous controls > 40 years of age were included in the study. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on the genomic DNA samples to obtain the ACE insertion (I)/deletion(D) polymorphisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences between migraine patients and controls were found with regard to ACE genotype and allele distributions. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the controls and the MwA or MoA subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our sample there is no association between ACE genotype or allele frequency and migraine. In addition, ACE genotype in our experience did not predict the clinical response to lisinopril or candesartan used as migraine prophylactics.
authors: Department of Neurosciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. Erling.Tronvik@ntnu.no
authors: Erling
authors: E
authors: Tronvik
authors: Lars J
authors: LJ
authors: Stovner
authors: Gunnar
authors: G
authors: Bovim
authors: Linda R
authors: LR
authors: White
authors: Amanda J
authors: AJ
authors: Gladwin
authors: Kathryn
authors: K
authors: Owen
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Schrader
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005820:Genetic Testing; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D017706:Lisinopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional / Q000235:genetics; D009664:Norway; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005819:Genetic Markers; D013777:Tetrazoles; D017706:Lisinopril; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C081643:candesartan