title: Injections of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitor MLN4760 into nucleus tractus solitarii reduce baroreceptor reflex sensitivity for heart rate control in rats.
abstract: Injections of the angiotensin(1-7) [Ang(1-7)] antagonist [d-Ala7]-Ang(1-7) into the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) of Sprague-Dawley rats reduce baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS) for control of heart rate by approximately 40%, whereas injections of the angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptor antagonist candesartan increase BRS by 40% when reflex bradycardia is assessed. The enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is known to convert Ang II to Ang(1-7). We report that ACE2 activity, as well as ACE and neprilysin activities, are present in plasma membrane fractions of the dorsomedial medulla of Sprague-Dawley rats. Moreover, we show that BRS for reflex bradycardia is attenuated (1.16 +/- 0.29 ms mmHg-1 before versus 0.33 +/- 0.11 ms mmHg-1 after; P < 0.05; n = 8) 30-60 min following injection of the selective ACE2 inhibitor MLN4760 (12 pmol in 120 nl) into the NTS. These findings support the concept that within the NTS, local synthesis of Ang(1-7) from Ang II is required for normal sensitivity for the baroreflex control of heart rate in response to increases in arterial pressure.
authors: The Hypertension & Vascular Research Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1032, USA. ddiz@wfubmc.edu
authors: Debra I
authors: DI
authors: Diz
authors: Maria A
authors: MA
authors: Garcia-Espinosa
authors: Stephen
authors: S
authors: Gegick
authors: Ellen N
authors: EN
authors: Tommasi
authors: Carlos M
authors: CM
authors: Ferrario
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Ann Tallant
authors: Mark C
authors: MC
authors: Chappell
authors: Patricia E
authors: PE
authors: Gallagher
mesh_terms: D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007930:Leucine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008566:Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015260:Neprilysin / Q000378:metabolism; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017552:Solitary Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C486469:2-(1-carboxy-2-(3-(3,5-dichlorobenzyl)-3H-imidazol-4-yl)ethylamino)-4-methylpentanoic acid; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010656:Phenylephrine; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C000705329:Ace2 protein, rat; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D015260:Neprilysin; D007930:Leucine