title: Altered immunological reactivity in HIV-1-exposed uninfected neonates.
abstract: This work aimed to evaluate immune events in HIV-1-exposed uninfected neonates born from mothers who control (G1) or not (G2) the plasma viral load, using unexposed neonates as controls. Cord blood from each neonate was collected, plasma and mononuclear cells were separated and the lymphoproliferation and cytokine pattern were evaluated. The results demonstrated that the in vitro lymphoproliferation induced by polyclonal activators was higher in the G2 neonates. Nevertheless, no cell culture responded to poll synthetic HIV-1 envelope peptides. The cytokine dosage in the plasma and supernatants of polyclonally-activated cultures demonstrated that, while IL-4 and IL-10 were the dominant cytokines produced in G1 and control groups, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were significantly higher in G2 neonates. Systemic levels of IL-10 observed among the G1 neonates were higher in those born from anti-retroviral treated mothers. In summary, our results indicate an altered immune responsiveness in neonates exposed in utero to HIV and support the role of maternal anti-retroviral treatment to attenuate it.
authors: Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors: Joana
authors: J
authors: Hygino
authors: Patrícia G
authors: PG
authors: Lima
authors: Renato G S
authors: RG
authors: Filho
authors: Agostinho A L
authors: AA
authors: Silva
authors: Carmen S M
authors: CS
authors: Saramago
authors: Regis M
authors: RM
authors: Andrade
authors: Daniel M
authors: DM
authors: Andrade
authors: Arnaldo F B
authors: AF
authors: Andrade
authors: Rodrigo
authors: R
authors: Brindeiro
authors: Amilcar
authors: A
authors: Tanuri
authors: Cleonice A M
authors: CA
authors: Bento
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007112:Immunity, Maternally-Acquired; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015488:HIV Antigens; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma