title: IK1 channel activity contributes to cisplatin sensitivity of human epidermoid cancer cells.
abstract: Cisplatin, a platinum-based drug, is an important weapon against many types of cancer. It induces apoptosis by forming adducts with DNA, although many aspects of its mechanism of action remain to be clarified. Previously, we found a role for the volume-sensitive, outwardly rectifying Cl(-) channel in cisplatin-induced apoptosis. To investigate the possibility that cation channels also have a role in the cellular response to cisplatin, we examined the activity of cation channels in cisplatin-sensitive KB-3-1 (KB) epidermoid cancer cells by the whole cell patch-clamp method. A cation channel in KB cells, activated by hypotonic stress, was identified as the Ca2+-activated, intermediate-conductance K+ (IK1) channel on the basis of its requirement for intracellular Ca2+, its blockage by the blockers clotrimazole and triarylmethane-34, and its suppression by a dominant-negative construct. Activity of this channel was not observed in KCP-4 cells, a cisplatin-resistant cell line derived from KB cells, and its molecular expression, observed by semiquantitative RT-PCR and immunostaining, appeared much reduced. Cell volume measurements confirmed a physiological role for the IK1 channel as a component of the volume-regulatory machinery in KB cells. A possible role of the IK1 channel in cisplatin-induced apoptosis was investigated. It was found that clotrimazole and triarylmethane-34 inhibited a cisplatin-induced decrease in cell viability and increase in caspase-3/7 activity, whereas 1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone, an activator of the channel, had the opposite effect. Thus IK1 channel activity appears to mediate, at least in part, the response of KB cells to cisplatin treatment.
authors: Department of Cell Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
authors: Elbert L
authors: EL
authors: Lee
authors: Yuichi
authors: Y
authors: Hasegawa
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Shimizu
authors: Yasunobu
authors: Y
authors: Okada
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053179:Caspase 7 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D048429:Cell Size; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D007120:Immunochemistry; D051660:Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D007038:Hypotonic Solutions; D051660:Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; C496923:KCNN4 protein, human; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D011720:Pyrazoles; C411671:TRAM 34; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505520:CASP7 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053179:Caspase 7; D003022:Clotrimazole; C102635:1-ethyl-2-benzimidazolinone; D002945:Cisplatin; D002118:Calcium