title: Evaluation of skin permeation and accumulation profiles of a highly lipophilic fatty ester.
abstract: The aim was to evaluate the skin permeation and accumulation profiles of a highly lipophilic fatty ester using the combination of various permeation enhancing techniques to study the potential of highly lipophilic fatty esters as local topical agents. Permeation and accumulation profiles of ketorolac stearate (C18:0) were studied using solubility improved formulation, supersaturated solution of permeant in enhancer vehicle, lipophilic receptor solution, enhancer pretreatment, and the removal of stratum corneum and delipidization of skins. Impermeability and minimal skin accumulation of ketorolac stearate could delineate a preliminary possibility for designing safer topical agents without systemic absorption.
authors: College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyongsan 712-749, Korea.
authors: Krishna Hari
authors: KH
authors: Bhandari
authors: Dong Xun
authors: DX
authors: Lee
authors: Madhuri
authors: M
authors: Newa
authors: Sung Il
authors: SI
authors: Yoon
authors: Jung Sun
authors: JS
authors: Kim
authors: Dae Duk
authors: DD
authors: Kim
authors: Jung-Ae
authors: JA
authors: Kim
authors: Bong Kyo
authors: BK
authors: Yoo
authors: Jong Soo
authors: JS
authors: Woo
authors: Won Seok
authors: WS
authors: Lyoo
authors: Jae Hwi
authors: JH
authors: Lee
authors: Han Gon
authors: HG
authors: Choi
authors: Chul Soon
authors: CS
authors: Yong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020910:Ketorolac / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008970:Molecular Weight; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D020910:Ketorolac