Application of SPME to the determination of alkylphenols and bisphenol A in cyanobacteria culture media.
In order to survey the influence of estrogenic compounds on cyanobacteria, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with a carbowax-divinylbenzene fibre was used for the determination of tert-octylphenol (tert-OP), n-nonylphenol (n-NP), technical nonylphenol (tech-NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) in cyanobacteria culture media by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Determinations were carried out without derivatization in deionized water and filtered culture media. A comparison between f2 and Fraquil culture media was performed, which showed that only f2 allowed quantitative recoveries. Headspace SPME with salting out, requiring only 10 mL of sample, was suitable for tert-OP, n-NP, and tech-NP determination with limits of detection (LOD) of <0.05 microg L(-1). For BPA, direct immersion SPME could provide a LOD of 1 microg L(-1). Automated sampling allowed reproducible extraction. No exudate substances overlapped with the studied compounds during the chromatographic separation and no matrix effects were observed. Ecotoxicity tests can be performed by single spiking of tert-OP and tech-NP and multiple spiking of n-NP due to its lower stability.
Stoichev
Teodor
T
CIMAR/CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental and FCUP, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal. tstoichevbg@yahoo.com
Baptista
Mafalda S
MS
Basto
M Clara P
MC
Carvalho
Pedro N
PN
Vasconcelos
M Teresa S D
MT
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry*; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D010839:Phytoplankton / Q000737:chemistry; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003470:Culture Media; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds