title: Measurement of electron clouds in large accelerators by microwave dispersion.
abstract: Clouds of low energy electrons in the vacuum beam pipes of accelerators of positively charged particle beams present a serious limitation for operation at high currents. Furthermore, it is difficult to probe their density over substantial lengths of the beam pipe. We have developed a novel technique to directly measure the electron cloud density via the phase shift induced in a TE wave transmitted over a section of the accelerator and used it to measure the average electron cloud density over a 50 m section in the positron ring of the PEP-II collider at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center.
authors: Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: De Santis
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Byrd
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Caspers
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Krasnykh
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kroyer
authors: M T F
authors: MT
authors: Pivi
authors: K G
authors: KG
authors: Sonnad