Analog intersatellite communication with frequency-modulated light. Part 1. Noise theory.
A detailed analysis of the noise properties of wideband optical FM systems is presented. The equations, which are extensions of the results derived by Middleton [Q. Appl. Math. 7, 129 (1949)] and Rice [Bell Syst. Tech. J. 27, 109 (1948)] over 50 years ago, can be used to determine the final noise spectral density for all degrees of limiting, with and without sinusoidal frequency modulation. These results are perfectly general and can be used for any FM system (radio, microwave, or optical) having the particular type of limiter described herein.
Hayes
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