title: Urban sanitation and health in the developing world: reminiscing the nineteenth century industrial nations.
abstract: The dichotomy in development trajectories of urbanisation, industrialization and economic change, and the associated environmental health challenges, between the industrialised nations and the developing world, could offer useful lessons, especially for the latter. This paper examines points of convergence in the underlying factors and theories, underpinning urbanisation, sanitation and health in the 19th century industrialised nations and the developing world and explores the major reasons why many low income countries have not managed to redress their urban sanitation and health problems. It concludes that any meaningful developments in low income countries may require strategies, policies and actions, which emphasise local realities over and above global concerns and priorities.
authors: The York Management School, Centre for Health and Public Services Management, The University of York, Sally Baldwin Buildings Block A, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK. fk505@york.ac.uk
authors: Frederick Hassan
authors: FH
authors: Konteh
mesh_terms: D019049:Developed Countries; D003906:Developing Countries; D006304:Health Status; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D011939:Mental Recall; D012499:Sanitation / Q000266:history*; D014505:Urban Population