title: Sulfated beta-glucan derived from oat bran with potent anti-HIV activity.
abstract: China is a major producer of oats; the annual harvested area of 350,000 ha yields approximately 465,000 tons, giving an average yield of 1.33 tons/ha. The bran is not used for animal feed as it is of poor digestibility and low nutritive content and is considered a waste byproduct. Therefore, it is advantageous to produce a value-added product from the bran. We extracted the native polysaccharide, a linear (1-3)-, (1-4)-linked beta-glucan (OBG) from the oat bran and synthesized a sulfated derivative OBGS containing 36.5% sulfate. OBGS had potent activity against a primary isolate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells at a concentration (EC(50)=5.98 x 10(-4) microM) approximately 15,000 times below its cytotoxic concentration. OBGS was also active postinfection (EC(50)=5.3 x 10(-4) microM) and protected pretreated peripheral mononuclear cells (EC(50)=5.2 x 10(-2) microM) washed free of the compounds prior to infection. Thus, OBGS has potential as a vaginal microbicide and is the first such report for oat bran derived sulfated beta-glucan.
authors: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China.
authors: Shun Chun
authors: SC
authors: Wang
authors: S W Annie
authors: SW
authors: Bligh
authors: Chang Lian
authors: CL
authors: Zhu
authors: Song Shan
authors: SS
authors: Shi
authors: Zheng Tao
authors: ZT
authors: Wang
authors: Zhi Bi
authors: ZB
authors: Hu
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Crowder
authors: Christopher
authors: C
authors: Branford-White
authors: Cherelyn
authors: C
authors: Vella
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013431:Sulfates / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013431:Sulfates; D047071:beta-Glucans; C067858:beta-glucan, (1-3)(1-4)-