Pharmacotherapy for obesity.
Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects one third of American adults. Modest weight losses of just 5% to 10% of body weight, which are achievable with lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy, can lead to remarkable improvements in many obesity-associated co-morbidities, including dyslipidemia, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes. In this review, the indications for pharmacotherapy and the goals of treatment are discussed, and current and future pharmacologic approaches to the treatment of obesity are examined. Current pharmacologic therapies for obesity are limited, but recent advances in our understanding of the complex and overlapping endocrine pathways that regulate body weight have led to new opportunities for antiobesity drug development. Important drug targets that are highlighted in this review include adipocyte-derived hormones, hypothalamic neuropeptides, and gastrointestinal hormones.
Neff
Lisa M
LM
Laboratory of Biochemical Genetics and Metabolism, Rockefeller University, Rockefeller University Hospital, 1230 York Avenue, Box 332, New York, NY 10021, USA. LNeff@Rockefeller.edu
Aronne
Louis J
LJ
D000682:Amyloid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077270:Exenatide; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000077403:Orlistat; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D000077285:Rimonabant; D014688:Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000682:Amyloid; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001067:Appetite Depressants; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D007783:Lactones; D020738:Leptin; D010455:Peptides; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D014688:Venoms; D008687:Metformin; D000077403:Orlistat; D000077270:Exenatide; C105254:pramlintide; D000077285:Rimonabant; C058254:sibutramine