title: Elevation in intracellular long-chain acyl-coenzyme A esters lead to reduced beta-cell excitability via activation of adenosine 5'-triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels.
abstract: Closure of pancreatic beta-cell ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels links glucose metabolism to electrical activity and insulin secretion. It is now known that saturated, but not polyunsaturated, long-chain acyl-coenyzme A esters (acyl-CoAs) can potently activate K(ATP) channels when superfused directly across excised membrane patches, suggesting a plausible mechanism to account for reduced beta-cell excitability and insulin secretion observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, reduced beta-cell excitability due to elevation of endogenous saturated acyl-CoAs has not been confirmed in intact pancreatic beta-cells. To test this notion directly, endogenous acyl-CoA levels were elevated within primary mouse beta-cells using virally delivered overexpression of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase-1 (AdACSL-1), and the effects on beta-cell K(ATP) channel activity and cell excitability was assessed using the perforated whole-cell and cell-attached patch-clamp technique. Data indicated a significant increase in K(ATP) channel activity in AdACSL-1-infected beta-cells cultured in medium supplemented with palmitate/oleate but not with the polyunsaturated fat linoleate. No changes in the ATP/ADP ratio were observed in any of the groups. Furthermore, AdACSL-1-infected beta-cells (with palmitate/oleate) showed a significant decrease in electrical responsiveness to glucose and tolbutamide and a hyperpolarized resting membrane potential at 5 mm glucose. These results suggest a direct link between intracellular fatty ester accumulation and K(ATP) channel activation, which may contribute to beta-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors: Nicola J
authors: NJ
authors: Webster
authors: Gavin J
authors: GJ
authors: Searle
authors: Patrick P L
authors: PP
authors: Lam
authors: Ya-Chi
authors: YC
authors: Huang
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Riedel
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Harb
authors: Herbert Y
authors: HY
authors: Gaisano
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Holt
authors: Peter E
authors: PE
authors: Light
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003066:Coenzyme A Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D054086:KATP Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D014044:Tolbutamide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D054086:KATP Channels; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D014044:Tolbutamide; D003066:Coenzyme A Ligases