Looking to the future: focus on DPP-4 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and emerging therapies.
Strong evidence exists demonstrating the benefits of tight glycemic control in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, but glycemic goals are not adequately achieved for many patients. Advancement in the knowledge surrounding the physiology of endogenous glucoregulatory peptide hormones, such as glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1, has led to new therapeutic targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors provide practitioners with a novel mechanism of action to use for combination therapies for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This article, part 3 of a 3-part series, reviews the new class of medications known as DPP-4 inhibitors as well as discusses a future buccal insulin formulation, Oral-Lyn, on the horizon for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Neumiller
Joshua J
JJ
The Department of Pharmacotherapy, Washington State University/Elder Services, Spokane, Washington (JJN, SMS)
Odegard
Peggy Soule
PS
School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle (PSO)
White
John R
JR
Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane (JRW)
Setter
Stephen M
SM
The Department of Pharmacotherapy, Washington State University/Elder Services, Spokane, Washington (JJN, SMS)
Campbell
R Keith
RK
Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman (RKC)
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate; D014230:Triazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D011719:Pyrazines; D014230:Triazoles; C042807:DPP4 protein, human; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate