Colorectal cancer screening in the Czech Republic.
The epidemiology of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Czech Republic is extremely unfavourable. The alarmingly high rates of incidence (79/100,000) and mortality (45/100,000) (Fig.1) have practically remained unchanged in recent years. It is unclear to what extent this reflects a generally unfavourable genetic heritage, environmental factors or the dietary habits of the Czech population. The Czech Society of Gastroenterology launched a population-based CRC screening program in 2000. The FOBT became the standard procedure for a biannual screening examination performed by the general practitioners. A colonoscopy follows in the event of a positive FOBT result. In three screening rounds in 2001, 2002 and 2005, the FOBTs of 6.4% out of a total of 535,248 participants yielded positive results. 0.33% of all participants were diagnosed with a carcinoma, 1.9% with an adenoma. The acceptance and detection rates doubled between 2001 and 2005.
Zavoral
M
M
1st Faculty of Medicine of Charles University, Central Military Hospital, U vojenske nemocnice, Praha, Czech Republic. miroslav.zavoral@uvn.cz
D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D000818:Animals; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D003113:Colonoscopy; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018153:Czech Republic; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009780:Occult Blood; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis