Synergistic activity of azoles with amiodarone against clinically resistant Candida albicans tested by chequerboard and time-kill methods.
Candida albicans is the most common candidal pathogen, causing serious systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. Azoles are widely applied and largely effective; however, they are generally fungistatic and clinically resistant isolates are emerging increasingly. The present study provided in vitro evidence using a chequerboard technique that amiodarone is strongly synergistic with azoles against resistant C. albicans, with mean fractional inhibitory concentration indices of 0.01 and high-percentage synergistic interactions of 1250 %. A time-kill study performed by both colony counting and a colorimetric reduction assay confirmed the synergistic interaction, with a >or=2 log10 decrease in c.f.u. ml(-1) compared with the corresponding azoles alone. These results suggest the possibility of supplementing azoles with amiodarone to treat resistant C. albicans infections.
Guo
Qiongjie
Q
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
Sun
Shujuan
S
Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, PR China.
Yu
Jinlong
J
Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.|School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China.
Li
Yan
Y
Department of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, PR China.
Cao
Lili
L
The General Surgical Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan 250014, PR China.
D000638:Amiodarone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001393:Azoles; D000638:Amiodarone