title: [Impact of baseline and induced dyspnea on the quality of life of patients with COPD].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dyspnea is the main symptom of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and as such is an important determinant of health-related quality of life. It is, however, weakly correlated to severity of obstruction and there is little information available on how it exercises its effect on health-related quality of life. The aims of this study were to identify the determinants of baseline dyspnea and to ascertain how that factor influences the health-related quality of life of patients with COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 101 patients with COPD were studied. Tests included full lung function assessment, the bronchial provocation test (n=70), and the 6-minute walk test. The following variables were measured: Baseline dyspnea, bronchoconstriction-induced dyspnea, exertional dyspnea, health-related quality of life, and levels of anxiety and depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Determinants of baseline dyspnea were anxiety (explained variance, 17%), maximal inspiratory pressure (4%), and PaO2 (4%). In patients with mild to moderate COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second, >50% of predicted), the main determinant of health-related quality of life was anxiety (explained variance, 43%). Other determinants were the number of meters walked in the 6-minute-walk test, age, and Baseline dyspnea (variance explained by both factors, 26%). Baseline dyspnea and bronchoconstriction-induced dyspnea were both identified as independent determinants of health-related quality of life (on the activity and impact subscales of the St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, respectively). The main determinant of health-related quality of life in patients with severe COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second, < or =50% of predicted) was baseline dyspnea. Finally, the main determinants of anxiety were exertional dyspnea (variance, 42%) and baseline dyspnea (6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anxiety is the main determinant of health-related quality of life in patients with COPD, and it is triggered mainly by baseline dyspnea and exertional dyspnea.
authors: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain. martinez_manfra@gva.es
authors: Manuela E
authors: ME
authors: Martínez Francés
authors: Miguel
authors: M
authors: Perpiñá Tordera
authors: Amparo
authors: A
authors: Belloch Fuster
authors: Eva M
authors: EM
authors: Martínez Moragón
authors: Luis
authors: L
authors: Compte Torrero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications*; D011788:Quality of Life