title: Leukocyte integrin Mac-1 promotes acute cardiac allograft rejection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In allograft rejection, recipient leukocytes and alloantibodies first target donor endothelial cells. Although the leukocyte integrin Mac-1 (alpha(Mbeta2), CD11b/CD18) facilitates cell-cell interactions among leukocytes and interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells or platelets, its role in allograft survival and vasculopathy is incompletely defined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study examined parenchymal rejection and graft arterial disease after total allomismatched cardiac transplantation (BALB/c donor heart and B6 recipients) in wild-type (WT) and Mac-1-deficient (Mac-1(-/-)) recipients. Recipient Mac-1 deficiency attenuated parenchymal rejection and significantly prolonged cardiac allograft survival from 8.3+/-1.3 days in WT recipient allografts (n=18) to 13.8+/-2.3 days in Mac-1(-/-) recipient allografts (n=6; P<0.0001). Accumulation of neutrophils and macrophages significantly decreased in Mac-1(-/-) compared with WT recipients. Adoptive transfer of WT but not Mac-1(-/-) macrophages to Mac-1(-/-) recipients exacerbated parenchymal rejection and reduced allograft survival; in contrast, adoptive transfer of WT neutrophils did not affect graft survival. Mac-1(-/-) macrophages expressed significantly lower levels of costimulatory molecules both in vivo and in vitro, and mixed lymphocyte reaction using alloantigen-primed Mac-1(-/-) macrophages resulted in significantly lower antigen-presenting function than for WT macrophages. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production also fell in cultures with Mac-1(-/-) macrophages. Despite attenuation of acute rejection, recipient Mac-1-deficiency did not prevent late graft arterial disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These studies demonstrate critical participation of Mac-1 in alloresponses during cellular allograft rejection. These observations establish a molecular target for modulating recipient responses to prolong graft survival.
authors: Donald W. Reynolds Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass 02115, USA. ksmz@rics.bwh.harvard.edu
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Shimizu
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Libby
authors: Rica
authors: R
authors: Shubiki
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Sakuma
authors: Yunmei
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Asano
authors: Richard N
authors: RN
authors: Mitchell
authors: Daniel I
authors: DI
authors: Simon
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000276:immunology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology*; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D016042:Transplantation, Heterotopic; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha