Whitening effect of adipose-derived stem cells: a critical role of TGF-beta 1.
It has been demonstrated that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) secrete cytokines and exhibit diverse pharmacological actions. The present study examined the unknown pharmacological action of ADSCs regarding whitening effects. A conditioned medium of ADSCs (ADSC-CM) was harvested and the whitening effect of ADSC-CM was studied in melanoma B16 cells. ADSC-CM treatment inhibited the synthesis of melanin and the activity of tyrosinase in a dose dependent manner. To clarify the underlying mechanisms of the whitening action of ADSCs, protein levels of melanogenic proteins were measured by Western blot. Although expressions of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP2) remained unchanged, those of tyrosinase and TRP1 were down-regulated. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta 1), a potent regulator of melanogenic proteins, was neutralized by the addition of a blocking antibody to ADSC-CM, and down-regulated expression of tyrosinase and TRP1 was almost reversed. Collectively, these results indicate that secretary factors of ADSC inhibit melanin synthesis by down-regulating the expression of tyrosinase and TRP1, which are mainly mediated by TGF-beta1.
Kim
Won-Serk
WS
Department of Dermatology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 110-746, Korea.
Park
So-Hyun
SH
Ahn
Se-Jin
SJ
Kim
Hyung-Ki
HK
Park
Jeong-Soo
JS
Lee
Ga-Young
GY
Kim
Kea-Jeung
KJ
Whang
Kyu-Kwang
KK
Kang
Seung-Hee
SH
Park
Byung-Soon
BS
Sung
Jong-Hyuk
JH
D015153:Blotting, Western; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003116:Color; D006801:Humans; D008543:Melanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D040901:Proteomics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000502:physiology*; D014357:Trypsin; D014362:Trypsinogen / Q000096:biosynthesis
D008543:Melanins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014362:Trypsinogen; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; C489303:PRSS1 protein, human; D014357:Trypsin