title: Matrix metalloproteinase 12 accelerates the initiation of atherosclerosis and stimulates the progression of fatty streaks to fibrous plaques in transgenic rabbits.
abstract: Whether fatty streaks are directly followed by fibrous plaque formation in atherosclerosis remains controversial. Disruption of the basement membrane and elastic layers is thought to be essential for this process. Matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP-12) can degrade a broad spectrum of substrates, but the role of MMP-12 in the early stage of atherosclerosis is unclear. To investigate MMP-12 function in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, we investigated macrophage migration and elastolysis in relation to fatty streaks in human MMP-12 transgenic (hMMP-12 Tg) rabbits. Fatty streaks in hMMP-12 Tg rabbits fed a 1% cholesterol diet for 6 weeks (cholesterol-induced model of atherosclerosis) were more pronounced and were associated with more significant degradation of the internal elastic layer compared with wild-type (WT) animals. Numbers of infiltrating macrophages and smooth muscle cells in the lesions were increased in hMMP-12 Tg compared with WT animals. In both cuff- and ligation-induced models of atherosclerosis, smooth muscle cell-predominant atherosclerotic lesions were elevated with significant elastolysis of the internal elastic lamina in Tg compared with WT animals; "microelastolytic sites" were recognized before formation of the neointima in the cuff model only. These results indicate that MMP-12 may be critical to the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis via degradation of the elastic layers and/or basement membrane. Therefore, a specific MMP-12 inhibitor might prove useful for the treatment of progressive atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Sohsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Ke-Yong
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Akihide
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: Jianglin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimajiri
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasumoto
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sasaguri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D053508:Matrix Metalloproteinase 12 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; C507122:MMP12 protein, human; D053508:Matrix Metalloproteinase 12