title: Effects of ambroxol on alginate of mature Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
abstract: Biofilm-forming bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen in mechanically ventilated newborns, which can cause life-threatening infections. Alginate of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms is considered an important virulence factor which contributes to the resistance to antibiotics. Traditionally, ambroxol is widely used in newborns with lung problems as a mucolytic agent and antioxidant agent as well. And there are few studies that demonstrated the anti-biofilm activity of ambroxol. In this study, we found that ambroxol can affect the structure of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Further, we found that ambroxol reduces the production of alginate, the expression of the important genes and the activity of key enzyme guanosine diphospho-D-mannose dehydrogenase (GDP-mannose dehydrogenase; GMD) which were involved in alginate biosynthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jialin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhenyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bai
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates; D000551:Ambroxol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D002237:Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; C046129:mucoid exopolysaccharide (P aeruginosa); D000551:Ambroxol; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D002237:Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases; C020562:GDPmannose dehydrogenase