title: The activity of fine afferent nerve fibres of the rat knee joint and their modulation by inflammatory mediators.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The origin of joint pain involves the activation of terminals of slowly conducting C and A-delta afferent fibres. The aim of this study was to characterize the slowly conducting nerve fibres supplying the rat knee joint and to illustrate the usefulness of this model for objective studies of the pathophysiological aspects of articular nociception and pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using an in vivo model, single afferent fibres innervating normal and inflamed knee joints were isolated and electrophysiologically characterized. Responses of these fibres were examined after local mechanical stimulation (von Frey hairs) and rotations consisting of inward and outward rotations of the knee joint within (non-noxious) and outside (noxious stimuli) its normal working range. The chemosensitivity of afferent fibres was tested by applying excitatory and sensitizing agents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nerve fibres supplying the rat knee joint responded to mechanical and chemical stimuli (bradykinin, capsaicin). Bradykinin, substance P and prostaglandin E2 sensitized a considerable percentage of nerve fibres to mechanical stimuli.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rat knee joint is a useful model to study nociception and inflammatory processes in an objective way. It can also be successfully used to study aspects of pain modulation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Hygiene, University of Physical Education, Poznań. pawlak@awf.poznan.pl
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pawlak
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Borkiewicz
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Podgórski
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000294:innervation* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators