title: Systematic appraisal using immunohistochemistry of brain pathology in aged and demented subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Abnormal processing of hyperphosphorylated tau (HPtau), amyloid-beta (Abeta) and alpha-synuclein (alphaS) proteins is considered as causative with regard to the clinical symptoms in age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective, postmortem study applying immunohistochemical methodology, we assessed Alzheimer's-disease (AD)-related HPtau and Abeta pathology in 178 subjects with alphaS pathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These pathologies were frequently seen concomitantly, i.e. HPtau in 83% and Abeta in 62% of the alphaS-positive cases. Furthermore, the striatum was frequently involved, particularly in subjects with cognitive impairment (65%). The predictive value of widespread HPtau pathology, i.e. stages V-VI, with respect to cognitive impairment was high, since all 18 subjects presenting with this stage were demented. In contrast, the predictive value of widespread alphaS pathology, i.e. stages 5-6 according to Braak's Parkinson disease staging, was debatable. Fifty-three percent of the subjects with widespread alphaS pathology and no or mild AD-related HPtau pathology were cognitively unimpaired. It is noteworthy that striatal Abeta pathology was more often seen in demented subjects independently of HPtau and/or alphaS status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The causative pathology in subjects with clinically diagnosed dementia with Lewy bodies needs to be clarified in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Unit of Neurology, Section of Neuropathology, Kuopio University, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aho
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parkkinen
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pirttila
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alafuzoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016631:Lewy Bodies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051844:alpha-Synuclein / Q000378:metabolism; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D051844:alpha-Synuclein; D016875:tau Proteins