title: A common sense approach to radiotherapy planning of glioblastoma multiforme situated in the temporal lobe.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Irradiation remains the cornerstone of management for glioblastoma multiforme. The Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer advocate encompassing the primary tumor plus a 2-cm margin in the high-dose volume. One shortcoming of this approach is the exposure of critical structures to radiation doses that could exceed organ tolerance. We investigated whether the temporal bone (rather than the aforementioned 2-cm radius) would serve as a barrier to tumor spread when regarded as the anterior margin for temporal lobe lesions. We hypothesized that by using the temporal bone as the radiation field margin, toxicity could be reduced without compromising tumor control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2003 and 2007, 342 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme were treated with surgery and primary irradiation at our institution. Of these 342 patients, 50 had lesions confined to the temporal lobe. The clinical target volume included the primary lesion, the area of edema when present, and a 2-cm margin, except in the direction of the temporal bone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 50 patients, 40 were available for evaluation. At a median follow-up of 12.95 months, 8 patients had not yet shown signs of tumor progression, 24 had local failure, 7 had distant or mixed (local plus distant) failure, and only 1 patient had failure in the infratemporal fossa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the study have demonstrated an acceptable level of recurrence when the temporal bone, rather than a 2-cm margin, is used as the anterior border of the clinical target volume. The strategy we have proposed achieves tumor control and respects optic tolerance without resorting to complex, expensive approaches such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Oncology Service, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bokstein
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kovner
authors.forename: Deborah T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.forename: Haim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Templehoff
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kanner
authors.forename: Benjamin W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Corn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult