title: Early morphological changes of an Amplatzer Septal Occluder explanted at heart transplant.
abstract: A 59-year-old male with severe biventricular heart failure presented with worsening dyspnea and angina. Following left ventricular assist device insertion, an Amplatzer Septal Occluder (ASO) was required as the patient's patent foramen ovale reopened. Seven months later, the patient underwent heart transplantation. The excised ASO was covered with a thick layer of host tissue on both right and left atrial sides, and organized thrombus was found between the metal wires. The foreign materials, the Nitinol wire and the synthetic (Dacron) fabric, showed a reactive infiltrate of macrophages, multinucleate giant cells, and scattered mononuclear cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Toronto General Hospital/University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luk
authors.forename: Melitta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mezody
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horlick
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Jagdish
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Butany
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000009:adverse effects; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000473:pathology*; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006343:Heart Septal Defects / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates / Q000009:adverse effects; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; C013616:nitinol