title: Coat-colour dilution and hypotrichosis in Hereford crossbred calves.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate cases of coat-colour dilution and hypotrichosis in a group of Hereford x Friesian crossbred calves, and to define the underlying molecular genetics of the disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The investigation was predicated on the hypothesis that this disorder was similar to a known dominantly inherited disorder of calves of black breeds crossed with Simmental cattle, for which there were candidate gene mutations. Sequence analyses of PCR amplicons from exon 1 and exon 11 of the premelanosome protein 17 gene (PMel17) were carried out. Restriction enzyme digestions of amplicons were followed using electrophoresis of digested fragments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was shown that an affected calf and its Hereford sire were heterozygous for a three-base deletion in exon 1 of the PMel17 gene. These two animals were also heterozygous for a second mutation in exon 11 of the PMel17 gene. Four other related animals were likewise heterozygous for both mutations in the sire's herd of origin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coat-colour dilution and hypotrichosis in Hereford crossbred calves in New Zealand is the same genetic disorder as that previously described in Simmental crossbred calves, and is linked to mutations in the PMel17 gene.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. r.d.jolly@massey.ac.nz
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Jolly
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wills
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Cahill
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Howe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006200:Hair Color / Q000235:genetics*; D007039:Hypotrichosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D008543:Melanins / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins; D004247:DNA