[Drugs for postoperative analgesia: routine and new aspects: Part 2: opioids, ketamine and gabapentinoids].
In part 1 of this review, perioperative aspects of the use of non-opioids (acetaminophene, dipyrone, traditional NSAR, coxibs) were discussed. In part 2 the perioperative aspects of opioids (weak opioids: tramadol, tilidine with naloxone, strong opioids: morphine, piritramide, oxycodone, hydromorphone, fentanyl, methadone, buprenorphine) and coanalgesics (gabapentinoids; ketamine) will now be presented. The main aim of the review is to describe the use, risks and cost of some substances to facilitate the differential indication. New aspects concerning the use of gabapentinoids and ketamine are discussed.
Jage
J
J
Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz. juergen.jage@ukmainz.de
Laufenberg-Feldmann
R
R
Heid
F
F
D000277:Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000588:Amines / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077206:Gabapentin; D006801:Humans; D007649:Ketamine / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000277:Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic; D000588:Amines; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D007649:Ketamine; D000077206:Gabapentin