title: Inhaled corticosteroids do not affect behaviour.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether children with asthma and on inhaled corticosteroids have more behavioural problems, such as aggressiveness and hyperactivity, as compared with healthy controls and with children under medical care because of other disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires were given to three groups of children: a group of asthmatic children with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), a group of children attending the ear, nose and throat (ENT) outpatient clinic and the healthy controls. Included were questions about health, medication use, demographical data and about behaviour, including the child behaviour check list (CBCL) and questions about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty asthmatic children on ICS, 50 children visiting the ENT outpatient clinic and 183 healthy controls were studied. The total CBCL and mean ADHD scores of the children on ICS were 28.1 and 9.1, which were both significantly higher than the scores of the healthy controls (20.4 and 7.1), but not when compared with the ENT outpatient group (26.2 and 8.6). Further analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the ICS group and healthy controls in CBCL-axes. There were, however, no differences between the ENT group and the ICS on one side and the healthy controls on the other.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a difference in behaviour between healthy children and asthmatic children on ICS, but not when compared with children visiting the ENT department. Although hyperactivity, aggressiveness and anxiety might occur in children on ICS, this is probably caused by individual susceptibility. Being under specialist care can possibly explain behavioural differences between children on ICS and healthy controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Medical Centre Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands. tjalling.de.vries@znb.nl
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: de Vries
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: van Roon
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Duiverman
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000139:chemically induced; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011581:Psychological Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents