title: Combining etanercept and acitretin in the therapy of chronic plaque psoriasis: a 24-week, randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded pilot trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Combination treatments may increase efficacy while reducing dosages and side-effects of individual agents. No randomized controlled trials have been published combining biologics with conventional agents for psoriasis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy and safety of the association of acitretin and etanercept in the treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 24-week, randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded pilot trial was conducted. Sixty adult patients with moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis were randomized into three groups to receive etanercept 25 mg twice weekly subcutaneously, oral acitretin 0.4 mg kg(-1) daily or etanercept 25 mg once weekly plus acitretin 0.4 mg kg(-1) daily. The primary end point was a 75% or greater improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) from baseline (PASI 75) at week 24.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At week 24, PASI 75 response was achieved by 10 of 22 patients in the etanercept group (45%), six of 20 in the acitretin group (30%) and eight of 18 (44%) in the group treated with etanercept plus acitretin (P = 0.001 for both etanercept groups compared with acitretin alone). A 50% or greater improvement from baseline in PASI was achieved by 15 of 22 (68%), 10 of 20 (50%) and 12 of 18 (67%) patients, respectively (P = 0.001). The safety profiles of the three groups were similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combined therapeutic regimen with etanercept 25 mg once weekly and acitretin 0.4 mg kg(-1) daily is as effective as etanercept 25 mg twice weekly, and more effective than acitretin alone. Although larger studies are needed to confirm these results, the etanercept/acitretin association could offer several advantages in the therapy of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical and Surgical Science, Section of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy. paolo.gisondi@univr.it
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gisondi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Giglio
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cotena
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Girolomoni
mesh_terms: D017255:Acitretin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007641:Keratolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007641:Keratolytic Agents; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D017255:Acitretin; D000068800:Etanercept