title: Determination of glyphosate and AMPA in surface and waste water using high-performance ion chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry (HPIC-ICP-DRC-MS).
abstract: A novel method employing high-performance cation chromatography in combination with inductively coupled plasma dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry (ICP-DRC-MS) for the simultaneous determination of the herbicide glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine) and its main metabolite aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA) is presented. P was measured as (31)P(16)O(+) using oxygen as reaction gas. For monitoring the stringent target value of 0.1 μg L(-1) for glyphosate, applicable for drinking and surface water within the EU, a two-step enrichment procedure employing Chelex 100 and AG1-X8 resins was applied prior to HPIC-ICP-MS analysis. The presented approach was validated for surface water, revealing concentrations of 0.67 μg L(-1) glyphosate and 2.8 μg L(-1) AMPA in selected Austrian river water samples. Moreover, investigations at three waste water-treatment plants showed that elimination of the compounds at the present concentration levels was not straightforward. On the contrary, all investigated plant effluents showed significant amounts of both compounds. Concentration levels ranged from 0.5-2 μg L(-1) and 4-14 μg L(-1) for glyphosate and AMPA, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Division of Analytical Chemistry, Vienna University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Popp
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hann
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mentler
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fuerhacker
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stingeder
authors.forename: Gunda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koellensperger
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D007555:Isoxazoles; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000032:analysis*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013777:Tetrazoles; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D005998:Glycine; D007555:Isoxazoles; D063065:Organophosphonates; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D013777:Tetrazoles; D014867:Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000097797:Glyphosate; C418233:2-amino-3-(3-hydrox-5(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid