title: Neuroprotective gene profile in the brain of magnesium-deficient mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnesium (Mg) deficiency may lead to serious metabolic, biological and organic dysfunctions, and cause various clinical disorders. In the current study, we explore endothelial cell activation, inflammation and cell death induced in the brain of adult mice by Mg-deficient diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither TNFalpha, substance P, sTNFRI, sTNFRII proteins (ELISA), nor TNFalpha, adherence molecules and prolactin mRNAs, nor NK1R (immunohistochemistry on brain sections) were up-regulated. No inflammatory infiltrates and no apoptotic cells were observed. Using cDNA assay, we showed a neuroprotective, anti-apoptotic and neurotrophic gene expression profile in the brain at early stage of hypomagnesemia. As a model for neuronal injury, mild sound stimulation of Mg-deficient mice without convulsive seizures triggers neither the release of substance P, nor the development of an inflammatory process or cell death in the brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that Mg-deficiency in mice favours the development of a neuroprotective environment in the brain.
authors.affiliation: Université Paris-Sud 11, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry Cedex F-92296, France. michele.german@u-psud.fr
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: German-Fattal
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lecerf
authors.forename: Fadi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sabbagh
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maurois
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Durlach
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bac
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D011388:Prolactin / Q000235:genetics; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid / Q000235:genetics; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D011388:Prolactin; D008274:Magnesium