title: To (TGF)beta or not to (TGF)beta: fine-tuning of Smad signaling via post-translational modifications.
abstract: Smad proteins are key signal transducers for the TGF-beta superfamily and are frequently inactivated in human cancers, yet the molecular basis of how their levels and activities are regulated remains unclear. Recent progress, discussed herein, illustrates the critical roles of Smad post-translational modifications in the cellular outcome to TGF-beta signaling.
authors.affiliation: Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Katharine H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wrighton
authors.forename: Xin-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051785:Smad Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta