title: Comparison of embryo development between intracytoplasmic and Piezo-assisted sperm injection after treating mouse sperms by Ca2+ ionophore.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and Piezo-assisted sperm injection after pretreatment with calcium ionophore (CaI) on the mouse embryo development.
  
  
  
  In this study, the conventional ICSI and Piezo-ICSI procedures were used. The efficacy of the methods was examined after mouse matured oocytes were fertilized with or without CaI-treated sperms.
  
  
  
  Piezo-ICSI demonstrated significantly more favorable results, with a fertilization rate of 64% (conventional ICSI: 42%, P<0.001) and a cleavage rate of 73% (conventional ICSI: 58%, P<0.05). When the Piezo-ICSI procedure was performed with CaI-pretreated sperms, the cleavage rate significantly increased (92% vs. 73%, P<0.05). However, the fertilization rate did not change significantly (64% vs. 56%).
  
  
  
  The Piezo-ICSI accompanies with CaI-treated sperms is more efficient than the conventional ICSI method for fertilizing and thus obtaining more mouse embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical Science Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Abdolhossein
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahverdi
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical Science Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mansoureh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Movahedin
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical Science Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.|Deptment. of Embryology, Royan Institute, P.O. Box: 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezazadeh Valojerdi
authors.affiliation: Deptment. of Embryology, Royan Institute, P.O. Box: 19395-4644, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Saeid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kazemi Ashtiani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007476:Ionophores