Noninvasive evaluation of upper-extremity vascular perfusion.
Evaluation of vascular disorders of the upper extremity requires an anatomic and functional approach. The combination of a good history and physical examination, laboratory testing, and specialized vascular laboratory studies will help detect any underlying collagen vascular disease or coagulopathy and provide physiologic-specific and patient-oriented management. This paper reviews the currently available noninvasive modalities for the evaluation of upper-extremity perfusion.
Chloros
George D
GD
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Smerlis
Nicholas N
NN
Li
Zhongyu
Z
Smith
Thomas L
TL
Smith
Beth P
BP
Koman
L Andrew
LA
D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D003935:Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular; D006801:Humans; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*