title: Comparison of the clinical efficacy of flutamide and spironolactone plus ethinyloestradiol/cyproterone acetate in the treatment of hirsutism: a randomised controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hirsutism is commonly a consequence of ovarian androgen over-production. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or peripheral hypersensitivity to normal androgen circulating levels (idiopathic hirsutism) can be the underlying cause. Several drugs with anti-androgenic properties, such as cyproterone acetate (CPA), spironolactone and flutamide have been used to treat hirsutism, but the efficacy of these drugs has yet to be fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of flutamide, and spironolactone plus a combination tablet of 2 mg CPA/35 microg ethinyloestradiol (EE) in the treatment of hirsutism.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective randomised clinical study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital setting. Twenty-nine women with hirsutism as a consequence of PCOS or idiopathic hirsutism were randomly assigned to receive 250 mg/day flutamide alone or 100 mg/day spironolactone plus a combination tablet of 2 mg CPA/35 microg EE, for 6 months. Patients' hormonal and lipid profiles were evaluated. Hirsutism was graded according to the modified Ferriman-Gallwey (mF-G) score, and side effects were monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant decrease in mF-G scores was observed in the flutamide (from 11.2+/-3.3 to 7.6+/-4.0) and spironolactone plus CPA/EE (from 9.9+/-1.9 to 7.1+/-2.0) groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. After flutamide therapy, total cholesterol levels decreased significantly but no significant change was observed in any other lipid parameters or in the patients' hormone profiles. After spironolactone plus CPA/EE therapy, levels of luteinising hormone, total testosterone and free testosterone significantly decreased and triglyceride levels increased. No patients were found to have abnormal liver function test results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Flutamide and spironolactone plus CPA/EE are effective drugs in the treatment of hirsutism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Fatih University Faculty of Medicine, Isci Bloklari Mah 420. Sokak, 52/11 Yuzuncuyil, Ankara, Turkey. feridunkarakurt@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Feridun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karakurt
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Güler
authors.forename: Berrin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demirbas
authors.forename: Cavit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Culha
authors.forename: Rustu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Serter
authors.forename: Yalcin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aral
authors.forename: Nuket
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bavbek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005485:Flutamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006628:Hirsutism / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008055:Lipids; D013148:Spironolactone; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D017373:Cyproterone Acetate; C032640:Cyproterone acetate, ethinyl estradiol drug combination; D005485:Flutamide