New aspects of NK cell subset identification and inference of NK cells' regulatory capacity by assessing functional and genomic profiles.
Natural killer (NK) cells represent important early effector cells of the innate immune system. They can lyse virally infected and malignant cells without prior sensitization, making them important members of the first line of defense. In addition, they participate in the regulation of immune responses and hematopoiesis by producing various cytokines and chemokines. These different functional capacities can to some extent be assigned to distinct NK cell populations. In humans, CD56(dim) NK cells featuring strong cytotoxic capacity can be easily distinguished from CD56(bright) NK cells, which predominantly produce cytokines and exert only marginal cytotoxicity. Murine NK cells lack CD56 expression and no correlate marker enabling identification of functional subpopulations has been described. Here, we summarize and discuss human NK cell populations in greater detail in order to evaluate their regulatory capacity and to detect alternative and distinctive markers, e.g. CXCR3 and CD27, which are shared by both humans and mice.
Wilk
Esther
E
Clinic for Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, OE 6830, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
Kalippke
Katy
K
Buyny
Sabine
S
Schmidt
Reinhold E
RE
Jacobs
Roland
R
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D023281:Genomics; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D051379:Mice; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000098546:Interleukin-21; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D016207:Cytokines; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007378:Interleukins; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7; D000098546:Interleukin-21; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C515188:Cxcr3 protein, mouse