title: Urinary excretion of an oxidative stress marker, 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua), among nickel-cadmium battery workers.
abstract: The relationship between oxidative stress and carcinogenic metals including nickel and cadmium is a matter of interest. To assess the oxidative stress status of workers exposed to nickel and cadmium simultaneously, we determined urinary excretion of 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua), a urinary oxidative stress marker. Our subjects were 66 (64 males and 2 females) nickel-cadmium battery workers. Spot urine and blood samples were collected. The levels of cadmium in blood (Cd-B) and nickel in urine (Ni-U) were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. 8-OH-Gua in urine was analyzed using a high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detector (HPLC-ECD) system. Data on age, sex, duration of present work and smoking status were also obtained from each subject. Creatinine-adjusted 8-OH-Gua was significantly correlated with age, Ni-U and Cd-B in univariate analysis, while multivariate analysis revealed that Ni-U and Cd-B were significant independent variables and that these two biological exposure indices were positively correlated with 8-OH-Gua. The data were also analyzed in the context of mixture toxicity. The subjects were divided into groups based on median level of Ni-U and Cd-B (2.86 mug/g creatinine and 0.23 mug/dl, respectively). Workers with high Ni-U/high Cd-B (Group IV) had the highest levels of 8-OH-Gua levels (GM (GSD), 21.7(2.0)), followed by those with high Ni-U/low Cd-B (11.5(1.6) Group III), those with low Ni-U/high Cd-B (8.9(1.9) Group II), and those with low Ni-U/low Cd-B (8.5(1.5) Group I). The p values of Students' t-tests between Group I and Group II, III and IV were 0.847, 0.050 and <0.001, respectively. The combined effect of Cd and Ni on the urinary excretion of 8-OH-Gua departed from additivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Keio University, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Kanae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hosoda
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Eitaki
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omae
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D002104:Cadmium / Q000652:urine*; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009532:Nickel / Q000506:poisoning / Q000652:urine*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000652:urine; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002104:Cadmium; C024829:8-hydroxyguanine; D006147:Guanine; D009532:Nickel