title: c-Flip overexpression reduces cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Activation of Fas signaling has been associated with the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of increased expression of c-Flip, a natural modulator of Fas receptor signaling, in a mouse model of cardiac growth response to pressure overload.
  
  
  METHODS
  A transgenic mouse overexpressing c-Flip in the heart was generated in FVB/N strain. Echocardiographic, hemodynamic, histological and molecular analyses were carried out under basal conditions and after transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced pressure overload.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of c-Flip in ventricular heart tissue was functionally silent under basal conditions affecting neither cardiac morphology nor basal cardiac function. Transgenic mice were then subjected to pressure overload by TAC procedure. Under such conditions, c-Flip transgenic mice showed normal left ventricular function with a significantly reduced left ventricular hypertrophy compared with wild-type mice and reduced induction of the cardiac "fetal" gene programme. Further, analysis of intracellular signaling pathways indicated that c-Flip overexpression reduced phosphorylation of both the glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3 beta) and Akt as compared with controls. Finally, the reduction of the TAC-induced hypertrophy was not accompanied by significant apoptosis increase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altogether, these findings indicate c-Flip as a key regulator of the cardiac response to ventricular pressure overload.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Histology and Medical Embryology, Italy
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giampietri
authors.forename: Simonetta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petrungaro
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Musumeci
authors.forename: Pierpaolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coluccia
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Antonangeli
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Cesaris
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filippini
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marano
authors.forename: Elio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ziparo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020710:RGS Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; C506387:Cflar protein, mouse; D020710:RGS Proteins; C098799:RGS4 protein