title: High-fat diet alters PP2A, TC10, and CIP4 expression in visceral adipose tissue of rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate a possible link between high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and the expression of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and Cdc42-interacting protein 4 (CIP4) proteins, potential downstream components of the IRS/PI3K/AKT and CAP/Cbl/TC10 pathway, respectively, in the visceral adipose tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups and were given either HFD or the normal diet (ND) for 8 weeks. The HFD-induced changes in the expression of the epididymal adipose tissue genes involved in the insulin-signaling pathways were evaluated using real-time reverse-transcription PCR and western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The exposure of rats to HFD for 8 weeks resulted in a significant increase in the expression of PP2A at both the transcriptional and translational levels, along with a marked reduction in the levels of phosphorylated AKT and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) in the cytosol of visceral adipocytes, compared with the ND rats. Besides, there were significant HFD-induced decreases in the mRNA and protein levels of CIP4 and TC10 in the adipose tissue of rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that HFD might have a relevance to insulin resistance by increasing the expression of PP2A, an inhibitor of AKT activity in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway, and also by suppressing the expression of TC10 and CIP4, downstream effectors of the Cbl/CAP/TC10 insulin-signaling cascade in the visceral adipose tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Kyujung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Yunjung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Taesun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; C526296:Irs1 protein, rat; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D054648:Protein Phosphatase 2; C503262:Rhoq protein, rat; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins