title: Fate of 14C-Pyrene in soil-plant system amended with pig manure compost and Tween 80: a growth chamber study.
abstract: This paper evaluated the effects of a pig manure compost (PMC) and a nonionic surfactant Tween 80 on the fate of 14C-Pyrene (Pyr) in a soil-plant system (Agropyron elongatum). Soils spiked with 14C-4, 5, 9, 10-Pyr were amended with 7.5% (w/w) PMC together with or without 100mgkg(-1) of Tween 80. Unplanted soil without amendments was set as the control. Gas phases of the systems were monitored for 14CO2 over a 60 days period. The impact of PMC and Tween 80 on the apparent loss of the PAH and the distribution of 14C-activity in the systems was studied. 14C-activity associated with different soil fractions was further examined by using methyl-isobutyl-ketone (MIBK) fractionation method. The results showed that the addition of PMC could increase the dissipation of Pyr in vegetated soil from 12.1% to 58.7%, while the co-addition of Tween 80 and PMC could further enhance the dissipation to 90.3%. Pyr dissipation in soil was correlated with the mineralization of 14C-Pyr, indicating that Pyr dissipation was mainly due to mineralization. A higher formation of water-extractable metabolites was observed in soil amended with PMC and Tween 80, and this was correlated with a higher biomass accumulation of 14C-activity and higher bound residue formation in the soil. Overall, this study suggested that the co-application of PMC and Tween 80 could improve phytoremediation of Pyr-contaminated soil.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong. k.cheng@murdoch.edu.au
authors.forename: Ka Yu
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jonathan W C
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D031702:Agropyron / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D006812:Humic Substances; D007700:Kinetics; D008372:Manure; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000378:metabolism; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000378:metabolism*; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012987:Soil; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D006812:Humic Substances; D008372:Manure; D008903:Minerals; D011136:Polysorbates; D011721:Pyrenes; D012987:Soil; C030984:pyrene