title: Physico-chemical and technological properties of sodium naproxen granules prepared in a high-shear mixer-granulator.
abstract: In the present work, authors produced tablets of anhydrous sodium naproxen by wet granulation using a high-shear mixer-granulator. Drug hydrated to the tetrahydrated form, as observed by X-ray powder diffractometry. After wet granulation, authors then performed two different drying procedures, obtaining granules of different water content and crystallographic characteristics. The first procedure dried granules in the high-shear mixer-granulator by applying vacuum at room temperature (batch A), while the second employed the same apparatus and time, under vacuum at 40 degrees C (batch B). X-ray powder diffractometry revealed that the sodium naproxen (SN) contained in batch A granules was a mixture of dihydrated and tetrahydrated forms (as demonstrated by the coexistence of peaks typical of both hydrated forms), while that of batch B granules was a mixture of monohydrated and tetrahydrated forms. This means that differences in drying procedures could lead to products of different crystallographic properties. The behavior under compression was evaluated, revealing that batch A offered the best tabletability and compressibility. These results make it possible to conclude that differences in the crystallographic properties and water content of SN are such that different hydration/drying processes can alter the drug crystal form and thus the tabletability of the resulting granules.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 62032 Camerino, Italy. piera.dimartino@unicam.it
authors.forename: Piera
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Martino
authors.forename: Ledjan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malaj
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Censi
authors.forename: Sante
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martelli
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry*; D009288:Naproxen / Q000737:chemistry*; D011208:Powders; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013607:Tablets; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D011208:Powders; D013607:Tablets; D009288:Naproxen