title: Beneficial effects of low doses of red wine consumption on perturbed shear stress-induced atherogenesis.
abstract: Moderate wine intake is associated with a reduced risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis is enhanced in arterial segments exposed to disturbed flow. Perturbed shear stress increases also the endothelial expression of oxidation-sensitive responsive genes (such as ELK-1 and p-JUN). This study evaluates the effects of chronic consumption of red wine on perturbed shear stress-induced atherogenesis. Results indicated that chronic treatment with red wine significantly attenuated the activation of redox-sensitive genes (ELK-1 and p-JUN) and increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (which was decreased by perturbed shear stress) in cultured human coronary endothelial cells (EC) and in atherosclerosis-prone areas of hypercholesterolemic mice. Oral administration of red wine to hypercholesterolemic mice reduced significantly the progression of atherosclerosis. Moreover, short-term supplementation with red wine to C57BL/6J mice significantly increased upregulation of aortic eNOS and SIRT1 expression induced by physical training. These findings establish that administration of low doses of red wine can attenuate the proatherogenic effects induced by perturbed shear stress in vitro and in vivo. This evidence may have implications for the prevention of atherosclerotic lesion progression and its clinical manifestations.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Pathology, Division of Clinical Pathology, 1st School of Medicine, II University of Naples, Complesso S. Andrea delle Dame, Via L. de Crecchio 7, Naples, 80138, Italy. claudio.napoli@unina2.it
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Napoli
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Balestrieri
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sica
authors.forename: Lilach O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Lerman
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Crimi
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.forename: Concetta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schiano
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Servillo
authors.forename: Francesco P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: D'Armiento
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000378:metabolism; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000378:metabolism; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis; D050807:ets-Domain Protein Elk-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C494112:ELK1 protein, human; C494113:Elk1 protein, mouse; D005419:Flavonoids; D008055:Lipids; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D050807:ets-Domain Protein Elk-1; D000431:Ethanol; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; C470545:Sirt1 protein, mouse; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins