title: Satisfaction with dental appearance in 8-9 years-old children. Validation of COAS questionnaire for Italian-speaking children and evaluation of social and geographical context.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to adapt the original English-language COAS (Children's Orthodontic Attitude Survey) for third- grade schoolchildren to the Italian cultural environment and to investigate its properties in typical populations, as well as to evaluate children self-perception of their dental appearance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The COAS questionnaire for third-grade schoolchildren was translated and culturally adapted for Italian-speaking children. The Italian version of the questionnaire was tested on 169 (73 females, 96 males) children. Test-retest reliability was assessed on 34 children one week after the first administration. We also analysed correlations between social status and questionnaire findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  All children filled in the questionnaire and then they were clinically examined by three residents. The clinical parameters were correlated with the questionnaire findings to evaluate children's satisfaction with their dental appearance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-five per cent of children thought it was important to have straight teeth and 87 per cent considered that crooked teeth were ugly. Comparison with clinical parameters showed a statistically significant correlation between crowding and overjet and some answers. Urban children have a better opinion on braces: they would like to have braces and they think they need braces statistically more than rural subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Italian version of the modified-COAS questionnaire had a very good reliability. Social status and geographical context play a very important role in children's satisfaction with dental appearance. Children with different social context demonstrate they have very different approaches towards their dental aspect and braces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Università Cattolica del S.Cuore, Rome, Italy. ortognatodonzia@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Deli
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Macrì
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Torsello
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grippaudo
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D003469:Culture; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000523:psychology; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012424:Rural Population; D012649:Self Concept; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population