Mercury mass budget estimates and cycling seasonality in the Florida Everglades.
We estimated the mass budget for mercury (Hg) seasonally deposited into the Florida Everglades and investigated seasonality of Hg cycling by analyzing data obtained for water, soil, flocculent detrital material (floc), periphyton, and mosquitofish collected throughout the Everglades freshwater marshes in the 2005 dry and wet seasons. Higher wet season total Hg (THg) in soil, floc, and periphyton agreed with greater Hg amounts entering these compartments during the wet season, probably owing to substantially greater Hg deposition in the wet season than in the dry season. Seasonal differences were absent for THg in surface water. Methylmercury (MeHg) showed mixed seasonal patterns, with higher water and soil MeHg and lower periphyton MeHg in the dry season but no seasonality for floc MeHg. Seasonal variations in Hg deposition, MeHg production and transport, and mass of ecosystem compartments could be responsible for the seasonality of MeHg cycling. Higher mosquitofish THg, higher bioaccumulation factors, and higher biomagnification factors from periphyton to mosquitofish were observed in the wet season than in the dry season, indicating that the wet season is more favorable for Hg bioaccumulation. The mass budget estimation agreed with this result.
Liu
Guangliang
G
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA.
Cai
Yong
Y
Kalla
Peter
P
Scheidt
Daniel
D
Richards
Jennifer
J
Scinto
Leonard J
LJ
Gaiser
Evelyn
E
Appleby
Charlie
C
D000818:Animals; D003532:Cyprinodontiformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005431:Florida; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D012621:Seasons; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D053833:Wetlands
D008767:Methylmercury Compounds; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008628:Mercury