title: [Use of capnography in acute gastroenteritis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  End-tidal carbon dioxide (PetCO(2)) is a good predictor of circulation and metabolism. There are different studies that suggest PetCO(2) monitoring is a valuable and reliable tool to follow acidosis in pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. Acute gastroenteritis can cause acidosis, therefore, capnography could be useful in these situations. The objective was to determine the relationship between PetCO(2) and bicarbonate (HCO3) in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis and acidosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, prospective, observational study from April 2006 to January 2007. Children with acute gastroenteritis and dehydration and pH < 7.30 and HCO3 < 20 meq/L in laboratory tests were included. Exclusion criteria included patients with not well tolerated capnography and respiratory illness. Initial and post treatment PetCO(2) and HCO3 were collected as well as demographic data, physical examination data, laboratory tests and hospitalization data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five children were included in the final analysis (10 female, 15 male). The mean age was 11.6 + 10 months (1-144 months). The correlation between PetCO(2) and serum bicarbonate was statistically significant with a Pearson's correlation coefficient of r = 0.61 for initial values and r = 0.75 for post treatment values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Capnography offers a noninvasive measurement of acidosis in pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis and dehydration.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Urgencias Pediátricas. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid. España. mjsolana@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Solana García
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López López
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adrián Gutiérrez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peñalba Cítores
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guerrero Soler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marañón Pardillo
mesh_terms: D000142:Acidosis, Respiratory / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001785:Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013990:Tidal Volume
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide