title: Personal protective equipment for registration purposes of pesticides.
abstract: Regulatory authorities in North America, Europe and Australia use different approaches for the estimation of exposure reduction effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE) in registration processes of agrochemical pesticides. TNO has investigated current views and facts for the use of default values and set up a discussion paper which can be used as a starting point to achieve an internationally harmonised set of PPE protection factors for regulatory use. For inhalation exposure Loading it is proposed to use the assigned protection factors (APF) as deduced by BSI (British Standard Institution) and ANSI (American National Standards Institution). Since these values are somewhat variance and since in agricultural settings efficient control and proper training and education with respect to inhalation protection devices is generally absent, it is good to err on the safe side and to use the Lowest of both values, if available. For dermal exposure Loading differentiations are made for operators and re-entry workers and further for hand and body protection. Next to this the restrictions and framework for the use of the proposed defaults are very relevant. Oral exposure loading is only considered in special cases where dermal exposure may be relatively high and the hand-mouth shunt may lead to appreciable oral exposure loading. The presented defaults for PPE have been discussed with experts of regulatory authorities and industry, but a formal discussion still has to take place. This needs to be done on EU level between Member States. The current proposal is based on state-of-the-art knowledge and policy considerations, but further research is needed to better underpin the proposed values and/or to adapt them.
authors.affiliation: TNO Quality of Life, Food and Chemical Risk Analysis, Chemical Exposure Assessment, Zeist, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Gerritsen-Ebben
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: van Hemmen
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D009656:North America; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011481:Protective Clothing / Q000592:standards*; D012134:Respiratory Protective Devices / Q000592:standards*; D012308:Risk Management
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides