Salivary microbiota of HIV-positive children and its correlation with HIV status, oral diseases, and total secretory IgA.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and levels of salivary microorganisms in HIV-positive children, and their correlation to HIV status, oral lesions, and salivary IgA levels.


METHODS
Forty-two HIV-positive and 36 control children were clinically examined, had their saliva collected and processed for the microbiological analysis of 38 bacterial taxa by the checkerboard method, and salivary IgA quantification by ELISA.


RESULTS
The majority of the species tested were more prevalent in control children than in the HIV group. Mean concentration of total salivary IgA was similar in both groups. High levels of Veillonella parvula were found in children with cheilitis and herpes. Tannerella forsythia, Eikenella Corrodens, and Propionibacterium acnes were prevalent in children with gingivitis, while Fusobacterium periodonticum, Streptococcus gordonii, and Streptococcus oralis were significantly more frequent in children with no oral lesions. Significant negative correlations between salivary IgA levels and Eubacterium nodatum and oral streptococci were observed (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
HIV-seropositive children presented significantly lower prevalence and levels of several bacterial species in saliva; HIV-positive children are able to mount a mucosal immune response; HIV-seropositive children under highly active antiretroviral therapy presented low prevalence of oral lesions.
Silva-Boghossian
Carina
C
Institute of Microbiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. carinabogho@hotmail.com
Castro
Glória Fernanda
GF
Teles
Ricardo Palmier
RP
De Souza
Ivete P R
IP
Colombo
Ana Paula V
AP
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007070:Immunoglobulin A