title: Treatment of patients with complex regional pain syndrome type I with mannitol: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study.
abstract: To assess the effects of intravenous administration of the free radical scavenger mannitol 10% on complaints associated with complex regional pain syndrome Type I (CRPS I), a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial was performed. Forty-one CRPS I patients according to the Bruehl et al diagnostic criteria, were included in 2 outpatient pain clinics of 2 university medical centers and randomly assigned to receive either 10% mannitol iv in 1 L 0.9% NaCL in 4 hours for 5 consecutive days or equal volumes of 0.9% NaCL (placebo). Patients in both groups received physical therapy according to protocol and rescue pain medication if required. Complaints on impairment and disability level and quality of life were assessed up to 9 weeks after baseline, with primary measurement points at 2, 6, and 9 weeks. Monitoring of pain using the visual analogue scale took place continuously during the course of the trial. Except for a significant improvement on a subscale of the Jebsen-Taylor hand function test, no significant differences were found between mannitol and placebo treatment. Changes in both groups in the course of the trial were small and clinically irrelevant on all measurement indices. We conclude that intravenous administration of 10% mannitol is not more effective than placebo in reducing complaints for CRPS I patients and provides no addition to already-established interventions for CRPS I. Whether 10% mannitol can provide beneficial effects for subgroups of CRPS I patients with a pathophysiological profile more closely fitting the presumed mode of action for this intervention remains to be established.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article addresses the efficacy of the intravenous administration of the free radical scavenger mannitol for treatment of CRPS type 1. This intervention is not more effective than placebo in reducing complaints for CRPS I patients and provides no addition to already-established interventions for CRPS I.
authors.affiliation: VU University Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. rsgm.perez@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Roberto S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Elien
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pragt
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geurts
authors.forename: Wouter W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Zuurmond
authors.forename: Jaap
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patijn
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Kleef
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012019:Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008353:Mannitol