title: Inhibition of lung tumor colonization and cell migration with the disintegrin crotatroxin 2 isolated from the venom of Crotalus atrox.
abstract: Disintegrins are low molecular weight proteins (4-15 kDa) with an RGD binding region at their binding loop. Disintegrin and disintegrin-like proteins are found in the venom of four families of snakes: Atractaspididae, Elapidae, Viperidae, and Colubridae. This report describes the biological activity of a disintegrin, crotatroxin 2, isolated by a three-step chromatography procedure from the venom of the Western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox). The intact molecular mass for crotatroxin 2 was 7.384 kDa and 71 amino acids. Crotatroxin 2 inhibited human whole blood platelet aggregation with an IC(50) of 17.5 nM, inhibited cell (66.3p) migration by 63%, and inhibited experimental lung tumor colonization in BALB/c mice at 1000 microg/kg. Our data suggest that while crotatroxin 2 inhibits platelet aggregation, cancer cell migration, and lung tumor colonization, it is done via different integrins.
authors.affiliation: Natural Toxins Research Center, 920 University Blvd., MSC 158, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.
authors.forename: Jacob A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Galán
authors.forename: Elda E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Acosta
authors.forename: Julio G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Soto
authors.forename: Sajid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McLane
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paquette-Straub
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pérez
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002845:Chromatography; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017839:Crotalus; D019483:Disintegrins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D019483:Disintegrins; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors