Modulation of the Akt/Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway by A₃ adenosine receptor.
Downstream A₃ receptor signalling plays an important role in the regulation of cell death and proliferation. Therefore, it is important to determine the molecular pathways involved through A₃ receptor stimulation. The phosphatidylinositide-3-OH kinase (PI3K)/Akt and the Raf/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK) kinase (MEK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways have central roles in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation. The crosstalk between these two pathways has also been investigated. The focus of this review centres on downstream mediators of A₃ adenosine receptor signalling.
Merighi
Stefania
S
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17-19, 44100, Ferrara, Italy.
Benini
Annalisa
A
Mirandola
Prisco
P
Gessi
Stefania
S
Varani
Katia
K
Leung
Edward
E
Maclennan
Stephen
S
Baraldi
Pier Giovanni
PG
Borea
Pier Andrea
PA