title: Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous extract of Kaempferia galanga leaves in animal models.
abstract: This study was performed to determine the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous extract of Kaempferia galanga leaves using various animal models. The extract, in the doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, was prepared by soaking (1:10; w/v) the air-dried powdered leaves (40 g) in distilled water (dH(2)O) for 72 h and administered subcutaneously in mice/rats 30 min prior to the tests. The extract exhibited significant (P < 0.05) antinociceptive activity when assessed using the abdominal constriction, hot-plate and formalin tests, with activity observed in all tests occurring in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the antinociceptive activity of K. galanga extract was significantly (P < 0.05) reversed when prechallenged with 10 mg/kg naloxone. The extract also produced a significantly (P < 0.05) dose-dependent anti-inflammatory activity when assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw-edema test. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that K. galanga leaves possessed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities and thus supports the Malay's traditional uses of the plant for treatments of mouth ulcer, headache, sore throat, etc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. mrs@medic.upm.edu.my
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Daud
authors.forename: F N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Y C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hidayat
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D010147:Pain Measurement; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D030521:Zingiberaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009270:Naloxone; D002351:Carrageenan