title: Imaging characteristics of zinc sulfide shell, cadmium telluride core quantum dots.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Quantum dots are optical nanocrystals whose in vitro and in vivo use in molecular imaging is expanding rapidly. In comparison with organic fluorophores, quantum dots exhibit desirable properties, such as multiwavelength fluorescence emission, excellent brightness and resistance to photobleaching. Their electron-dense, metallic cores suggest utility in other clinical imaging modalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Core-shell zinc sulfide-cadmium telluride quantum dots were studied by magnetic resonance and computed tomography phantoms. Quantum dots were also injected into rat brain, as well as intravenously, using convection-enhanced delivery, prior to animal imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Computed tomography studies suggest that current formulations of quantum dots might be imaged in vivo in animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Used in conjunction with optical imaging techniques, quantum dots have the potential to function as multimodal imaging platforms in vivo. The ability to detect an optical nanoparticle preoperatively with clinical imaging modality offers a distinct advantage to clinicians engaged in image-guided surgical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daneshvar
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nelms
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tkach
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Davros
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vogelbaum
authors.forename: Marcel P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Bruchez
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Toms
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology*; D019187:Cadmium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D003287:Contrast Media; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D045663:Quantum Dots; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013691:Tellurium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019187:Cadmium Compounds; D003287:Contrast Media; D013440:Sulfides; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C031238:zinc sulfide; D013691:Tellurium; C028337:cadmium telluride