Small intestine CD4+ T cells are profoundly depleted during acute simian-human immunodeficiency virus infection, regardless of viral pathogenicity.
To analyze the relationship between acute virus-induced injury and the subsequent disease phenotype, we compared the virus replication and CD4(+) T-cell profiles for monkeys infected with isogenic highly pathogenic (KS661) and moderately pathogenic (#64) simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs). Intrarectal infusion of SHIV-KS661 resulted in rapid, systemic, and massive virus replication, while SHIV-#64 replicated more slowly and reached lower titers. Whereas KS661 systemically depleted CD4(+) T cells, #64 caused significant CD4(+) T-cell depletion only in the small intestine. We conclude that SHIV, regardless of pathogenicity, can cause injury to the small intestine and leads to CD4(+) T-cell depletion in infected animals during acute infection.
Fukazawa
Yoshinori
Y
Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoinkawaramachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Miyake
Ariko
A
Ibuki
Kentaro
K
Inaba
Katsuhisa
K
Saito
Naoki
N
Motohara
Makiko
M
Horiuchi
Reii
R
Himeno
Ai
A
Matsuda
Kenta
K
Matsuyama
Megumi
M
Takahashi
Hidemi
H
Hayami
Masanori
M
Igarashi
Tatsuhiko
T
Miura
Tomoyuki
T
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D011533:Proviruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral