title: Angiogenesis, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and procoagulant factors in coronary artery giant aneurysm of a fatal infantile Kawasaki disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kawasaki disease (KD) is an infantile febrile illness of unknown origin characterized by clinical, laboratory and histopathologic features of systemic vasculitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report a 3-month-old female infant with incomplete KD who suddenly died despite intravenous immunoglobulin, aspirin, steroid and heparin treatment. Postmortem examination confirmed the echocardiographically detected giant coronary aneurysms and showed occlusive thrombosis in the giant aneurysm of the left anterior descending coronary artery, associated with neoangiogenesis, macrophage infiltration and immunostaining for tissue factor (a strong initiator of the coagulation cascade), thrombopoietin receptor and tumour necrosis factor-alpha.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings show the association of angiogenesis, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and procoagulant factors, with macrophage infiltration in coronary artery aneurysms of a fatal infantile KD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Regina Margherita Hospital, Turin 10126, Italy. angelapucci@libero.it <angelapucci@libero.it>
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pucci
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celeste
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Linari
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tibaldi
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Camosso
authors.forename: Maruska
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muscio
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barattia
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riva
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartoloni
mesh_terms: D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003323:Coronary Aneurysm / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D053628:Receptors, Thrombopoietin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D053628:Receptors, Thrombopoietin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013925:Thromboplastin