title: The effect of stapes mobility on hearing outcome and which procedure to choose in fixed stapes in children tympanosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to evaluate the features of tympanosclerosis in children and to determine the effect of stapes mobility and the type of one-stage operation on hearing outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-one children who were performed different types of single-stage otologic surgery for tympanosclerosis between January 1997 and December 2006 were retrospectively chart reviewed. The children were divided into two groups according to the mobility of ossicular chain, especially the stapes. Stapes fixed group was also evaluated in detail according to the type of surgery that was performed. Patients who had previous ventilation tube insertion, tympanic membrane parasynthesis or any other otologic surgery were excluded from the study. Improvement of the hearing by at least 10 dB and air-bone gap less than 20 dB were accepted as success criteria after 24 months of follow-up period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The air conduction levels, and the air-bone gap values of both groups were improved significantly after the single-stage operations. Pure tone averages pre- and postoperatively for stapes mobile group were 45.55+/-15.96 and 34.50+/-16.64 dB (p=0.002); and in stapes fixed group these were respectively 43.97+/-13.45 and 33.16+/-12.14 dB (p<0.001). When pre- and postoperative air-bone gap levels were evaluated it was seen that in both groups they were improved more than 10 dB, from 34.10+/-11.37 to 23.05+/-12.32 dB (p=0.002) in stapes mobile group and from 35.29+/-11.65 to 24.48+/-12.50 dB (p<0.001) in stapes fixed group. In stapes fixed group air-bone gap was less than 20 dB in 11 of 23 (47.8%) patients who had mobilization and 3 of 8 (37.5%) patients who had small fenestra stapedotomy operations. Although it was not statistically significant, gain was more than 10 dB only in 2 of 8 (25.0%) patients in the stapedotomy group but 14 of 23 (60.9%) patients in mobilization group (p=0.698 for ABG and p=0.220 for gain). The change in the bone conduction levels were improved 0.75 dB in group 1 and got worse 0.52 dB in group 2 and this was not statistically significant (p=0.239).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study about children, the status of stapes and the place of tympanosclerotic mass had no significant negative effect on hearing improvement. You can perform mobilization in one-stage if you are experienced and have to prefer second-stage surgery if stapes is fixed and stapedectomy is needed.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Health Ankara Research and Training Hospital, E.N.T. Department, Turkey.
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kizilkaya
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Emir
authors.forename: Kursat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gocmen
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001844:Bone Conduction; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000503:physiopathology; D010040:Otosclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013199:Stapes / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013201:Stapes Surgery / Q000379:methods; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018058:Tympanic Membrane Perforation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery