title: Cost-effectiveness study comparing cefoperazone-sulbactam to a three-drug combination for treating intraabdominal infections in an Indian health-care setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article presents the methodology and results of the pharmacoeconomic analysis of the Magnex Against Standard COmbination Therapy study comparing cefoperazone-sulbactam (Magnex) versus ceftazidime+ amikacin+metronidazole, in the treatment of intra-abdominal infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective, open label, phase IV study was conducted at 17 study sites in India and randomized subjects to receive either cefoperazone-sulbactam or the combination. Pharmacoeconomic analysis was included as a secondary objective and conducted in the clinical efficacy-evaluable (CEE) and the successfully treated patients. All comparisons between treatment groups were conducted using analysis of variance (ANOVA) or Wilcoxon Two-Sample tests. All costs were reported as Indian Rupee (INR) and actual unit costs collected in 2006 were used for the analyses [1 USD approximately 40 INR; 1 Euro approximately 56 INR].
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the CEE and the successfully treated subset of patients, the average cost of treatment was numerically lower in the cefoperazone-sulbactam arm (not statistically significant). The analyses found that the cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) for cefoperazone-sulbactam was INR 17,640.53 and that for the comparator group was INR 22,075.16. Additionally, the incremental CER results showed that the cost of treatment was INR 21,505.59 lower per additional successfully treated patient in the cefoperazone-sulbactam group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study was the first of its kind to be conducted in the "price sensitive" Indian health-care setting. Though study was not powered for the difference in average cost of treatments, there was a trend favoring cefoperazone sulbactam. The findings from this study should encourage further conduct of similar analyses and increase the knowledge regarding pharmacoeconomics in India.
authors.affiliation: Pfizer, Inc., Mumbai, India. puja.kochhar@pfizer.com
authors.forename: Puja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kochhar
authors.forename: Viraj
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Suvarna
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duttagupta
authors.forename: Shirsendu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000382:microbiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000583:Amikacin / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002438:Cefoperazone / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D017850:Economics, Pharmaceutical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D002438:Cefoperazone; D000583:Amikacin; D002442:Ceftazidime; D013407:Sulbactam