title: How reliable is intraoperative cholangiography as a method for detecting common bile duct stones? : A prospective population-based study on 1171 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) is a widely used method for detecting common bile duct stones (CBDS), its accuracy has not been fully evaluated in large nonselected patient samples. The purpose of this study was to assess the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of dynamic IOC regarding its ability to diagnose CBDS in a population-based setting, and to assess the morbidity associated with the investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients operated on for gallstone disease between 2003 and 2005 in the county of Uppsala in Sweden, a county with a population of 302,000 in December 2004, were registered prospectively. The outcome of cholangiography was validated against the postoperative clinical course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1171 patients were registered, and among these IOC was performed in 1117 patients (95%). Common bile duct stones were found in 134 patients (11%). One perforation of the common bile duct caused by the IOC catheter was recorded. Sensitivity was 97%, specificity 99%, negative predictive value 99%, positive predictive value 95%, and overall accuracy 99%. In 7 of the 134 cases where IOC indicated CBDS, no stones could be verified on exploration. In 4 of the 979 cases where IOC was normal, the clinical course indicated overlooked CBDS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative cholangiography is a safe and accurate method for detecting common bile duct stones.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Gastrointestinal Diseases, Department of Surgery, Ersta Hospital, 116 91, Stockholm, Sweden. pervidehult@yahoo.se
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Videhult
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sandblom
authors.forename: Ib Christian
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002758:Cholangiography; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D003135:Common Bile Duct; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results