title: High serum level of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 predicts histological grade of intracerebral gliomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No serum marker is currently available for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) controls the proteolytic activity in cancer cells and cellular migration during angiogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  To verify the potential of PAI-1 as a serum marker for gliomas, the serum PAI-1 concentrations were measured by ELISA in 57 glioma patients and 34 healthy volunteers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significantly higher serum levels in the patients with high-grade gliomas than in the healthy volunteers (p = 0.0009, unpaired t-test) and those with low-grade tumors (p = 0.0074). Furthermore, high-grade glioma patients with a low serum level of PAI-1 survived significantly longer than those with high levels (p = 0.0082). Immunohistochemical analysis using anti-PAI-1 antibody revealed dense and spotty staining in the high-grade tumor tissues from the patients with high serum PAI-1 levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the serum PAI-1 level can be a marker for the prediction of histological grade in intracerebral glioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. iwadatey@faculty.chiba-u.jp
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwadate
authors.forename: Masayo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayama
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsutani
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Takaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiwasa
authors.forename: Naokatsu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saeki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1