Predictors of cardiovascular response to methamphetamine administration in methamphetamine-dependent individuals.
The goal of the present investigation was to determine predictors of cardiovascular response to methamphetamine administrated in the laboratory. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were measured at baseline and at several time points following the administration of methamphetamine or saline placebo. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the differences between female and male subjects in their cardiovascular response. In male subjects, linear regression and one-way ANOVA were used to determine the influence of potential predictors on cardiovascular response, including age, weight, drug use indicators, concurrent use of other substances, route of administration, and race. Methamphetamine administration provoked significant increases in HR and BP, as compared to placebo. Female gender was associated with larger peak change in diastolic BP following administration. Baseline HR and BP were found to be strong predictors of cardiovascular response to methamphetamine administration in male subjects. Lifetime use and recent use of methamphetamine and nicotine did not predict cardiovascular response to methamphetamine. Recent alcohol use was associated with increased peak change in diastolic BP. Also, current use of cannabis was negatively correlated with peak HR change. Male cannabis users show lower peak change in HR as compared to non-cannabis users. As compared to methamphetamine smokers, intravenous users demonstrated higher peak change in diastolic BP following drug administration. Race did not have a significant effect on cardiovascular response. Taken together, these findings may help in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular events in a population at high risk of premature morbidity and mortality.
Fleury
Gilles
G
Department of Psychiatry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
De La Garza
Richard
R
Mahoney
James J
JJ
Evans
Sarah E
SE
Newton
Thomas F
TF
D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000633:toxicity*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000633:toxicity*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D008694:Methamphetamine