title: Pitavastatin inhibits intimal hyperplasia in rabbit vein graft.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The autologous saphenous vein graft is currently the most suitable conduit for arterial bypass of the lower limbs. Various approaches have been attempted to control vein graft intimal hyperplasia, and several recent reports have suggested that statin use may be linked to improved patency of vein grafts. In this study, the efficacy of pitavastatin was evaluated on intimal hyperplasia and midkine expression of experimental normocholesterolemic rabbit autologous vein graft.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbits were fed regular rabbit chow, and in half of them, pitavastatin (1 mg/kg/d) was administered. A week after starting the treatment, jugular vein was implanted into the carotid artery. At 2 and 4 wk after the operation, vein grafts were harvested, and intimal hyperplasia of vein grafts were assessed. Cell proliferation in neointima was determined by proliferative cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 stain 2 wk after implantation. In addition, the effect of pitavastatin on midkine, a heparin-binding growth factor, expressed in vein grafts was analyzed by Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intimal hyperplasia in the pitavastatin group was significantly suppressed compared with the control group. Both proliferative cell nuclear antigen and Ki-67 labeling index were significantly lower in the pitavastatin group, and pitavastatin significantly reduced midkine expression of vein graft.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate the efficacy of pitavastatin in reducing the degree of intimal hyperplasia of rabbit autologous vein grafts under normocholesterolemic condition. The mechanism of inhibition of intimal hyperplasia might be associated with midkine suppression.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromine
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Banno
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yamanouchi
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kiyohito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kimihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D000078792:Midkine; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008055:Lipids; D011804:Quinolines; D000078792:Midkine; C108475:pitavastatin