title: Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 protects mice against concanavalin A-induced hepatitis by inhibiting apoptosis.
abstract: Acute liver failure is associated with significant mortality. However, the underlying pathophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1), which is a negative-feedback molecule for cytokine signaling, has been shown to be rapidly induced during liver injury. Here, using liver-specific SOCS1-conditional-knockout mice, we demonstrated that SOCS1 deletion in hepatocytes enhanced concanavalin A (ConA)-induced hepatitis, which has been shown to be dependent on activated T and natural killer T (NKT) cells. Although serum cytokine level and NKT cell activation were similar in wild-type (WT) and SOCS1-deficient mice after ConA treatment, proapoptotic signals, including signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) and Jun-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, were enhanced in SOCS1-deficient livers compared with those in WT livers. SOCS1-deficient hepatocytes had higher expression of Fas antigen and were more sensitive to anti-Fas antibody-induced apoptosis than were WT hepatocytes. Furthermore, SOCS1-deficient hepatocytes were more sensitive to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced JNK activation and apoptosis. These data indicate that SOCS1 is important to the prevention of hepatocyte apoptosis induced by Fas and TNF-alpha. In contrast, SOCS1 overexpression in the liver by adenoviral gene transfer prevented ConA-induced liver injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that SOCS1 plays important negative roles in fulminant hepatitis and that forced expression of SOCS1 is therapeutic in preventing hepatitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Torisu
authors.forename: Mako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chinen
authors.forename: Ryoko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Fuyuki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Toshikatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Torisu
authors.forename: Giichi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Takaesu
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasukawa
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006520:Hepatitis, Animal / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000517:prevention & control; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000071222:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C491590:Socs1 protein, mouse; D000071222:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins; D003208:Concanavalin A; D012313:RNA