title: Remifentanil versus fentanyl in combination with midazolam for retrobulbar block in cataract surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of fentanyl or remifentanil in combination with midazolam on hemodynamic parameters, pain, and satisfaction profile in cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  This randomized, double blind, prospective study was conducted between 10 and 20th July 2005 at Kudret Eye Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. Patients scheduled for cataract surgery by the phacoemulsification technique were randomly enrolled to receive sedation with midazolam 1 mg intravenous iv either with fentanyl 25 microgram group 1, n=54 or remifentanil 0.3 microgram/kg group 2, n= 46. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure values were recorded as baseline, after retrobulbar injection, and during the operation. We evaluated recall of retrobulbar block, pain during injection and operation, satisfaction of patient and surgeon, and the adverse effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were statistically significant alterations in systolic and diastolic arterial pressure measurements within and between groups, whereas all kept in the clinically normal range. Twenty-four percent of patients in group 1 and 15.2% in group 2 did not even remember the retrobulbar injection. The pain scores during retrobulbar injection and operation were similar in both groups. Also, satisfaction of patients and surgeon was high and comparable between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Remifentanil and fentanyl are both efficient and comparable opioid adjuncts to midazolam providing low injection pain and high satisfaction level with hemodynamic stability in cataract surgery under retrobulbar injection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Baskent University, Dadaloglu Mah 3 Cad 6 Sok, 01250 Adana, Turkey. oyacok@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Oya Y
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Cok
authors.forename: Aylin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ertan
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bahadir
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077208:Remifentanil
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D010880:Piperidines; D000077208:Remifentanil; D008874:Midazolam; D005283:Fentanyl