title: Relationship of health behavior theories with self-efficacy among insufficiently active hypertensive African-American women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While self-efficacy plays an important role in physical activity, relatively little research has examined this construct in minorities. This study identified theoretical correlates associated with self-efficacy among insufficiently active, hypertensive Black women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Correlates of self-efficacy to: (1) overcoming barriers to physical activity; (2) making time for activity; and (3) "sticking with" physical activity were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-one women (M=50.48+/-4.2 years) participated. We accounted for 32% of the variance in confidence in overcoming barriers. Women confident in overcoming barriers reported less worry about physical activity. The TTM processes of change were also in the model: consciousness raising, environmental reevaluation, counter conditioning, and self-liberation. We accounted for 16% of the variance in "making time" self-efficacy. An aversiveness barrier (e.g., physical activity is boring, physical activity is hard work) was the dominant variable in the model. Confidence to 'stick with' physical activity was associated with self-reevaluation (i.e., reflection on how personal values correspond to behavior). Social support and competing demands were not associated with self-efficacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consistent with Social Cognitive Theory, results suggest that self-efficacy is behavior specific and each measure likely provides unique information.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions should be tailored to address specific self-efficacy types.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Ave South, 1717 11th Ave South - MT-617, Birmingham, AL 35294-4410, United States. mymartin@uab.edu
authors.forename: Michelle Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Sharina D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Person
authors.forename: Polly
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kratt
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prayor-Patterson
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pisu
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000193:education / Q000208:ethnology*; D000368:Aged; D000407:Alabama; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008019:Life Style; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017748:Time Management; D014930:Women / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*