title: Anterior cingulate cortex does not differ between patients with major depression and healthy controls, but relatively large anterior cingulate cortex predicts a good clinical course.
abstract: The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in the regulation of emotion processing, and its volume has been found to be reduced in patients with major depression. Furthermore, larger ACC volumes have been associated with faster symptom improvement under therapy. The aims of the study were to examine whether volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex are altered and are related to the clinical course of major depression. Subjects comprised 78 inpatients with major depression and 78 age-, gender- and handedness- matched healthy volunteers, who were investigated with structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The ACC was subdivided into the subgenual, pre-callosal, rostral-anterior and caudal-anterior ACC. No significant differences were observed for ACC volumes between patients and healthy controls. Left ACC volumes showed a significant negative correlation with the number of hospitalizations. These findings suggest that ACC volumes are not altered in patients with major depression, but that patients with larger ACC have a better clinical outcome than patients with smaller ACC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. Thomas.Frodl@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frodl
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jäger
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Born
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zetzsche
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bottlender
authors.forename: Gerda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leinsinger
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reiser
authors.forename: Hans-Jürgen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meisenzahl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010359:Patient Readmission; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012016:Reference Values