title: Biologic therapy for early rheumatoid arthritis: the latest evidence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe current therapeutic trials with biologic agents for early rheumatoid arthritis, analyzing clinical and radiographic outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors in combination with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs early after the diagnosis of aggressive rheumatoid arthritis seems to provide increased clinical benefit over methotrexate or tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors as monotherapy, with better outcomes in terms of faster and more extensive clinical improvement. There also seems to be an increased likelihood of low-disease activity in some cases even after tapering therapy. Control of radiographic progression appears to be most effective among early rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with combination tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors and methotrexate, although radiographic outcomes are better with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor monotherapy than with methotrexate alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of antitumor necrosis factor-alpha agents to traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in early rheumatoid arthritis is a novel strategy which follows the principle of early and aggressive therapeutic intervention. Results from recent trials show greater levels of disease control. The impact on long-term safety and cost-efficacy are factors which will need to be better characterized over time.
authors.affiliation: Center for Innovative Therapy, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: Hernan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Castro-Rueda
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kavanaugh
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha