title: A new triterpenoid from Panax ginseng exhibits cytotoxicity through p53 and the caspase signaling pathway in the HepG2 cell line.
abstract: A new triterpenoid, 20(R),22(xi),24(S)-dammar-25(26)-ene-3beta,6 alpha,12 beta,20,22,24-hexanol (1), and three known triterpenoids, beta-D-glucopyranoside,(3beta,12 beta)-12,20-dihydroxydammar-24-en-3-yl,6-acetate (2), 20(R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (3), and 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 (4), were isolated from the leaves of Panax ginseng. Their structures were determined by chemical analysis and spectral methods (IR, 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS). Compounds 1-4 were exhibited various degrees of cytotoxicity in the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2. Compound 1 had the highest cytotoxic potency, with an IC50 value of 20.1 microM, by stimulating p53-mediated cell cycle arrest at the G1 to S phase transition, leading to apoptosis via activation of the caspase signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Phytochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 49#, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, P R China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiao-hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikejima
authors.forename: Xiu-jia
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiao-bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rong-gang
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Li-jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D014315:Triterpenes; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D020169:Caspases