title: Predicting progression in primary progressive multiple sclerosis: a 10-year multicenter study.
abstract: Rates of progression vary widely in primary progressive multiple sclerosis. This multicenter study aimed to identify predictors of progression over 10 years. A total of 101 patients who had been imaged at baseline and 2 years were scored on the expanded disability status scale after 10 years. Ordinal logistic regression identified the following independent variables that predicted progression: male sex, shorter disease duration, and slower timed walk test at baseline (best overall predictor), and deterioration in expanded disability status scale score and reduction in brain volume over 2 years. These predictors of long-term disability provide some insight into disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Zhaleh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Khaleeli
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ciccarelli
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manfredonia
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brochet
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cercignani
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dousset
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filippi
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Montalban
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Polman
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rovaris
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rovira
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sastre-Garriga
authors.forename: Machteld
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vellinga
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors