Assessment of the nutritional situation of elderly nursing home residents in Vienna.
BACKGROUND
In Austria, reliable information about the nutritional situation of institutionalized, frail elderly is lacking.


METHODS
MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) and NuRAS (Nutritional Risk Assessment Scale), tools specifically developed to evaluate the nutritional status of the elderly, were used for the assessment of the general nutritional and health status of the residents. Individual intake of energy and nutrients was measured by using the weighed food intake method during 7 consecutive weekdays.


RESULTS
According to MNA results (n = 245), 13.9% had a satisfactory nutritional status, 48.3% were assessed as 'at risk of malnutrition', and 37.8% as being 'malnourished'. There is evidence that the number of assessed nutritional risk factors has an impact on the nutritional status. Further, there is a link between the assessed nutritional status and the individual nutrient intake of the residents.


CONCLUSIONS
There is evidence for nutritional problems in frail, institutionalized elderly nursing home residents. The MNA seems to be a reliable tool to identify individuals at risk for malnutrition. Strategies for effective nutritional intervention should be implemented in long-term care facilities for the elderly in order to prevent and treat malnutrition and to ensure high-quality care.
Kulnik
D
D
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. daniela.kulnik@danone.com
Elmadfa
I
I
D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001317:Austria; D015930:Diet Records; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006304:Health Status; D006707:Homes for the Aged / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009735:Nursing Homes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment