Congenital cystic lung disease: contemporary antenatal and postnatal management.
Congenital cystic lung disease comprises a broad spectrum of rare but clinically significant developmental abnormalities, including congenital pulmonary adenomatoid malformations, bronchopulmonary sequestrations, bronchogenic cysts, and congenital lobar emphysema that result from perturbations in lung and airway embryogenesis. As congenital lung lesions are now more commonly recognized antenatally, mothers require accurate prenatal counseling and appropriate perinatal management. In light of long-term complications of infection and malignancy, there is growing consensus that infants with asymptomatic lesions should undergo elective excision of congenital pulmonary adenomatoid malformation (CPAM) or bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS). This review will focus on advancements and current practice in the diagnosis and management of CPAM and BPS, identifying aspects of the literature that are confusing or controversial. Although our knowledge and pre- and postnatal management of lung lesions will continue to evolve and improve, there is a compelling need for a unified clinical and pathological classification system that creates a common platform for discussion, clinical management, and research.
Azizkhan
Richard G
RG
Fetal Care Center of Cincinnati, Division of Thoracic and General Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. Richard.Azizkhan@cchmc.org
Crombleholme
Timothy M
TM
D000465:Algorithms; D001998:Bronchopulmonary Sequestration / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D015615:Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation of Lung, Congenital / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015160:Hydrops Fetalis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011247:Pregnancy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal