title: [Cytokines of splenocytes in mice by different vaccination with recombinant BCG-Em14-3-3 vaccines against Echinococcus multilocularis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect the changes of cytokines of splenocytes in mice immunized by recombinant BCG-Em14-3-3 vaccines against Echinococcus multilocularis (Em).
  
  
  METHODS
  BALB/c mice were subcutaneously and intranasally vaccinated by the BCG-Em14-3-3 vaccines respectively, with PBS as a control. The mice were challenged with Em protoscoleces eight weeks after the vaccinations. The spleens of the mice were collected 18 weeks after the infections. The splenocytes were separated and cultured with the stimulation of EmAg or ConA. The IL-2, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-4 in the supernatants were measured with ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant increase of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha were found in the immunized mice. But the IL-4 was decreased after the vaccinations. The levels of TNF-alpha were higher in the intranasal vaccinated mice than in the subcutaneous vaccinated mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TH1 response is induced in mice by rBCG-Em14-3-3 vaccines to fight against the challenge of Em protoscoleces. Intranasal vaccinations are preferable.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Wen-gui
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: You-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D048210:Echinococcus multilocularis / Q000276:immunology*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma