title: Effects of small intestinal ischemia and reperfusion on expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 messenger RNAs in the jejunum, liver, and lungs of dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of intestinal ischemia and reperfusion on the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 mRNAs in the jejunum, liver, and lungs of dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 healthy adult Beagles.
  
  
  METHODS
  In each dog, the cranial mesenteric artery was occluded for 0 (control group; n=4) or 60 (I-R group; 4) minutes, followed by reperfusion for 480 minutes; serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 activities and expression levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNAs in jejunal, hepatic, and lung tissues were measured before and at the end of the ischemic period and at intervals during reperfusion. For each variable, values were compared between the control and I-R groups at each time point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the control group, serum IL-6 activity increased significantly after 180 minutes of reperfusion in the I-R group; also, jejunal TNF-alpha mRNA expression increased significantly after 60 (peak) and 180 minutes of reperfusion. In the I-R group, expressions of IL-6 mRNA in the liver and TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNAs in the lungs increased significantly at 480 minutes of reperfusion, compared with the control group. Serum TNF-alpha activity, expression of IL-6 mRNA in the jejunum, and expression of TNF-alpha mRNA in the liver in the control and I-R groups did not differ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicated that the liver, lungs, and jejunum contributed to the production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 after intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in dogs, suggesting that intestinal ischemia and reperfusion induce a systemic proinflammatory cytokine response in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, 180-8602 Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nezu
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nezu
authors.forename: Kae
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shigihara
authors.forename: Yasuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yogo
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tagawa
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha