title: [Development and clinical application of male human papillomavirus genotyping by membrane DNA chip].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a new method for the detection of male human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes and to investigate its clinical application value.
  
  
  METHODS
  With computer assistance and based on the classical common primers MY09/11, modified PGMY09/11 with 23 HPV subtypes for PCR and Genbank data on HPV, we designed probes for the simultaneous detection of 18 high-risk subtypes (HPV-16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 83 and MM4) and 5 low-risk subtypes (HPV-6, 11, 42, 43 and 44) and fixed them to the special membrane to make a DNA chip. A total of 112 male urethral samples were collected with swabs and studied for the clinical value. Meanwhile the single subtypes of HPV positive were sequenced and the standard samples detected for their sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total number, 25 samples were found to be HPV positive, 13 single HPV infection and 12 multiple infection. Nine HPV gene subtypes were noted in the samples: 6, 11, 16, 18, 33, 35, 43, 56 and 73, with sensitivity up to 10 copies of HPV DNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human papillomavirus genotyping by the membrane DNA chip is applicable to the diagnosis of male HPV infection as well as to the related epidemic and etiological investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518026, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Li-Jie
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Fang-Mei
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: De-Fa
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wen-Shan
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Qian-Qian
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D015344:DNA Probes, HPV / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D015344:DNA Probes, HPV; D004279:DNA, Viral