title: Validation of a Persian-version of Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) in Iranians with knee injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To adapt culturally and validate Persian-version of the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) in a sample of Iranians with knee injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cultural adaptation included providing of forward and backward translations, quality rating and pilot testing. A sample of 147 patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), meniscus and combined (ACL and meniscus) injuries was asked to complete two questionnaires including the KOOS and Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). The KOOS was readministered to 54 patients 6-8 days after the first visit. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were assessed, using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Dimensionality was assessed, using item-scale correlation after correction for overlap and construct validity, using a priori hypothesized correlations with the SF-36.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients found the Persian-version of the KOOS to be clear and unambiguous in pilot testing. Minimum ICC level of 0.70 was exceeded by all subscales with the exception of Sport and Recreation (Sport/Rec) subscale. Minimum Cronbach's alpha level of 0.70 was exceeded by all subscales with the exception of Symptoms and Knee-related Quality of Life (QoL). Minimum Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.40 for each item-scale was exceeded by 34 items. All priori hypotheses were supported by the presence of higher correlations between similar constructs than between dissimilar constructs of the KOOS and SF-36.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Persian-version of the KOOS is a culturally-adapted, reliable and valid outcome measure to be used in Iranian patients with knee injuries, with its psychometric properties in agreement with the original versions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salavati
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazaheri
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Negahban
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sohani
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ebrahimian
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ebrahimi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kazemnejad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salavati
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires