title: Transarterial embolization in the management of life-threatening hemorrhage after maxillofacial trauma: a case report and review of literature.
abstract: There are many reasons for hypotension in trauma patients. Life-threatening hemorrhage associated with maxillofacial trauma is considered rare. Here, we present a 25-year-old patient with maxillofacial trauma complicated by life-threatening hemorrhage after a traffic accident. At the emergency department, massive epistaxis was noted. Nasal packing and blood transfusion were performed, but vital signs of the patient were still unstable. Cerebral angiography revealed contrast extravasation from the left superficial temporal and internal maxillary arteries of the left external carotid artery. After transarterial embolization was performed, the hemorrhage immediately stopped. When common treatment such as nasal packing, correction of coagulopathy, reduction of fractures, and arterial ligation fails to control the hemorrhage, transarterial embolization can offer a safe alterative to surgical exploration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan, Republic of China. liubear0812bear@yahoo.com.tw
authors.forename: Wei-Hsiu
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuan-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cheng-Ta
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: En-Yuan
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tzu-Tsao
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Da-Tong
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Ju
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008446:Maxillofacial Injuries / Q000150:complications*