Gene expression analysis in human malignant melanoma cell lines exposed to carbon beams.
OBJECTIVE
To elucidate the molecular changes in response to carbon beams (C-ions) in melanoma.


METHODS
We examined expression profiles of 6 melanoma cell lines exposed to C-ions or X-rays with 2 Gy using single-color microarrays.


RESULTS
Twenty-two genes, including nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha (NFKBIA), responded to C-ions in all six cell lines, based on analysis of variance (ANOVA) filtering (p < 0.001). We found 173 genes that responded in common to C-ions in four cell lines. We identified many down-regulated genes including the cell cycle - related genes that were more responsive to C-ions than X-rays. In contrast, most of the up-regulated genes including the tumor protein p53 (p53) target genes responded to both C-ions and X-rays. C-ions induced G2/M arrest significantly more than X-rays at 30 h (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that down-regulation of gene expression plays a key role in the response to C-ions. Regulation of cell cycle - related genes and induction of prolonged G2/M arrest may be responsible for the extra sensitivity to C-ions, whereas p53-related genes may have similar roles in the sensitivities to both C-ions and X-rays.
Matsumoto
Yoshitaka
Y
Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Iwakawa
Mayumi
M
Furusawa
Yoshiya
Y
Ishikawa
Kenichi
K
Aoki
Mizuho
M
Imadome
Kaori
K
Matsumoto
Izumi
I
Tsujii
Hirohiko
H
Ando
Koichi
K
Imai
Takashi
T
D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000528:radiation effects*; D020450:Heavy Ions; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011829:Radiation Dosage
D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins