title: Severe haemoptysis associated with seizures in a dog.
abstract: METHODS
  A 7-year-old, sterilised male German Shepherd dog was presented with a history of three episodes of severe haemoptysis and associated dyspnoea within a 3-week period. A generalised tonic-clonic seizure was witnessed preceding the third episode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thoracic radiographs revealed a severe bilateral alveolar lung pattern of the caudodorsal lung fields; extension into the left cranial lung lobe was present but pulmonary vessels were within normal size limits. Frank blood was the only abnormality present at bronchoscopy. A coagulation profile, parasitological screening, thoracic and brain computed tomography (CT), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytological analysis did not identify any abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Haemoptysis due to either severe neurogenic pulmonary oedema or rupture of the pulmonary capillaries secondary to seizures was considered a possible diagnosis. The primary generalised seizures were attributed to late-onset idiopathic epilepsy diagnosed by exclusion of other causes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first known case report describing severe haemoptysis associated with seizures in a dog.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia. f.james@murdoch.edu.au
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Z M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Lenard
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Mansfield
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019818:Clavulanic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006469:Hemoptysis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D000658:Amoxicillin