title: HSP70 and constitutively active HSF1 mediate protection against CDCrel-1-mediated toxicity.
abstract: Defects in cellular quality control mechanisms are thought to contribute to the neuropathology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Overexpressing heat shock proteins (HSPs) may constitute a powerful therapeutic strategy for PD, because they boost the ability of the cell to eliminate unwanted proteins. We investigated the neuroprotective potential of HSP70, HSP40, and H-BH, a constitutively active form of heat shock factor 1, in a rat model of PD based on adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-mediated overexpression of CDCrel-1, a parkin substrate known to be toxic to dopaminergic neurons. AAV vector-mediated overexpression of H-BH and of HSP70 afforded similar levels of protection against CDCrel-1 toxicity, with approximately 20% improvement in survival of dopaminergic neurons as compared to the controls. The assessment of protection conferred was made using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and HuC/D immunohistochemistry and Fluoro-Gold retrograde tracing, and by observing the extent of preservation of spontaneous function and also the extent of drug-induced motor function. In contrast to H-BH and HSP70, HSP40 overexpression exacerbated CDCrel-1-mediated cell death. Real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR analysis showed that H-BH had the effect of upregulating endogenous HSP70 and HSP40 mRNA levels 10-fold and 4-fold over basal levels, respectively, whereas AAV vector-mediated HSP70 and HSP40 mRNA levels were over 100-fold higher. Our results suggest that a comparatively modest upregulation of multiple HSPs may be an effective approach for achieving significant neuroprotection in PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Alisha E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Helen L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Fitzsimons
authors.forename: Ross J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bland
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: During
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D050956:HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076249:Heat Shock Transcription Factors; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D058112:Septins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C494647:DNAJB1 protein, human; C000619706:HSF1 protein, human; D050956:HSP40 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D000076249:Heat Shock Transcription Factors; C000619709:Hsf1 protein, rat; D014157:Transcription Factors; C109366:SEPTIN5 protein, human; C491613:Septin5 protein, rat; D058112:Septins; D004298:Dopamine