title: Parenting specificity: an examination of the relation between three parenting behaviors and child problem behaviors in the context of a history of caregiver depression.
abstract: The aim of this study was to advance our understanding of the relations between three specific parenting behaviors (warmth, monitoring, and discipline) and two child outcomes (internalizing and externalizing problems) within the context of parental depression. Using an approach recommended by A. Caron, B. Weiss, V. Harris, and T. Carron (2006), unique and differential specificity were examined. Ninety-seven parents with a history of depression and 136 of their 9- to 15-year-old children served as participants. Children reported parenting behaviors and parents reported child problem behaviors. The findings indicated that warmth/involvement, but not monitoring or discipline, was uniquely related to externalizing problems and differentially related to internalizing and externalizing problems. The findings suggest that parental warmth has implications for interventions conducted with children living in families with a history of parental depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, USA.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McKee
authors.forename: Rex
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Forehand
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rakow
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reeslund
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roland
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hardcastle
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Compas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013714:Tennessee; D014707:Vermont