title: Short-term effects of angiotensin receptor blockers on blood pressure control, and plasma inflammatory and fibrinolytic parameters in patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduce cardiovascular events in patients with established vascular disease and heart failure (HF). ACE-inhibitors have important effects on fibrinolytic balance, which may be the underlying mechanism for a reduction in cardiovascular events. Although angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) offer greater tolerability than ACE-inhibitors, the major ARB trials have demonstrated a lack of reduction in myocardial infarction (MI) occurrence and mortality in contrast to ACE-inhibitors. In this study, we investigated the combined effects of ARBs and ACE-inhibitors on fibrinolytic and inflammatory parameters in patients with uncontrolled hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients with uncontrolled hypertension despite taking adequate doses of ACE-inhibitor therapy were selected. Patients were started on Candesartan 16 mg once a day. Plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) antigen (Ag), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) Ag, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) % activity and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, were measured during low salt intake at baseline and two weeks after therapy with an ARB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Addition of ARB to the regimen reduced systolic (155+/-17 vs. 139+/-13, p<0.001), and diastolic (91+/-9 vs. 81+/-8, p<0.001) blood pressures (BP). No significant changes were observed in PAI-1 Ag (66+/-51 vs. 68+/-52, p=0.9), t-PA Ag (12.6+/-5.3 vs. 13.3+/-4.7, p=0.3), TAFI % activity (119+/-30 vs. 118+/-32, p=0.9) and hsCRP (3.9+/-3.4 vs. 3.6+/-3.6, p=0.7) levels after adding an ARB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined ARB and ACE-inhibitor use provide better BP control without any detrimental effect in plasma inflammatory and fibrinolytic parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. agirbasil@gmaiol.com
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agirbasli
authors.forename: Altug
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cincin
authors.forename: Oytun A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Baykan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D025901:Carboxypeptidase B2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000941:Antigens; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D013777:Tetrazoles; D025901:Carboxypeptidase B2; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; C081643:candesartan