title: Prognostic value of the androgen receptor and its coactivators in patients with D1 prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostate cancer treated with androgen ablation eventually becomes resistant. Because the androgen receptor (AR) signaling axis affects disease progression, AR coactivator molecules could provide clinical prognostic value. This study investigates the association between AR coactivator molecules and clinical outcome measures in patients with prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression levels of AR and its coactivators, SRC1, TIF2, and Her2/neu were determined by quantitative RT-PCR in 148 prostatectomy specimens. AR protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry. The prognostic value of these expression levels on clinical outcomes was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increased gene and protein AR expression was not correlated with any of the clinical outcome measures. A non-monotonic correlation was observed between SRC1 and overall survival, as well as Her2/neu and time to prostate-specific PSA recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although no statistically significant relationships were found, the weak association between some clinical outcomes and two AR coactivators may help improve the current predictive nomogram for patients with prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Ryutaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Qingcai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Marcus L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Quek
authors.forename: Chad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tarabolous
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Groshen
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hawes
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Togo
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Kathleen D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Danenberg
authors.forename: Peter V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Danenberg
authors.forename: Jacek K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Pinski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D051958:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D051958:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D014157:Transcription Factors; C498001:NCOA2 protein, human; C538859:NCOA1 protein, human