Relationship of health behavior theories with self-efficacy among insufficiently active hypertensive African-American women.
OBJECTIVE
While self-efficacy plays an important role in physical activity, relatively little research has examined this construct in minorities. This study identified theoretical correlates associated with self-efficacy among insufficiently active, hypertensive Black women.


METHODS
Correlates of self-efficacy to: (1) overcoming barriers to physical activity; (2) making time for activity; and (3) "sticking with" physical activity were studied.


RESULTS
Sixty-one women (M=50.48+/-4.2 years) participated. We accounted for 32% of the variance in confidence in overcoming barriers. Women confident in overcoming barriers reported less worry about physical activity. The TTM processes of change were also in the model: consciousness raising, environmental reevaluation, counter conditioning, and self-liberation. We accounted for 16% of the variance in "making time" self-efficacy. An aversiveness barrier (e.g., physical activity is boring, physical activity is hard work) was the dominant variable in the model. Confidence to 'stick with' physical activity was associated with self-reevaluation (i.e., reflection on how personal values correspond to behavior). Social support and competing demands were not associated with self-efficacy.


CONCLUSIONS
Consistent with Social Cognitive Theory, results suggest that self-efficacy is behavior specific and each measure likely provides unique information.


CONCLUSIONS
Interventions should be tailored to address specific self-efficacy types.
Martin
Michelle Y
MY
Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Ave South, 1717 11th Ave South - MT-617, Birmingham, AL 35294-4410, United States. mymartin@uab.edu
Person
Sharina D
SD
Kratt
Polly
P
Prayor-Patterson
Heather
H
Kim
Young
Y
Salas
Maribel
M
Pisu
Maria
M
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000193:education / Q000208:ethnology*; D000368:Aged; D000407:Alabama; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008019:Life Style; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017748:Time Management; D014930:Women / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*