title: Chloride: a quick reference.
abstract: This article serves as a quick reference for the analysis of chloride abnormalities. Guidelines for causes, signs, and stepwise approaches for corrected hypochloremia and hyperchloremia are presented.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Avenida dos Funcionários 1540, 80.035 Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. abiondo@uiuc.edu
authors.forename: Alexander W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Biondo
authors.forename: Helio Autran
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: de Morais
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000502:physiology*; D000137:Acid-Base Imbalance / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides