Biochemical pharmacology of biflavonoids: implications for anti-inflammatory action.
Biflavonoids belong to a subclass of the plant flavonoid family. Distribution of biflavonoids in the plant kingdom is limited to several species. Previously, some pharmacological activities of biflavonoids were described such as inhibition of histamine release from mast cells and inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation, suggesting the anti-inflammatory/antiallergic potential of the biflavonoids. Furthermore, several natural biflavonoids including ochnaflavone and ginkgetin inhibit phospholipase A2. Most importantly, certain biflavonoids exhibit anti-inflammatory activity through the regulation of proinflammatory gene expression in vitro and in vivo. Recently, several synthetic approaches yielded new biflavonoid molecules with anti-inflammatory potential. These molecules also exhibit phospholipase A2 and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitory activity. Although the bioavailability needs be improved, certain biflavonoids may have potential as new anti-inflammatory agents. This is the first review of biflavonoid pharmacology to date.
Kim
Hyun Pyo
HP
College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea. hpkim@kangwon.ac.kr
Park
Haeil
H
Son
Kun Ho
KH
Chang
Hyeun Wook
HW
Kang
Sam Sik
SS
D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001682:Biological Availability; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D000700:Analgesics; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005419:Flavonoids