title: Effects of use of anabolic steroids on the masticatory system: a pilot study.
abstract: The use of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) has increased significantly among athletes in Brazil and other countries. These drugs alter the physiological behavior of bone and muscles, also affecting these structures in masticatory system. This paper aims to evaluate bone and dental changes in users of AAS, as well as the incidence of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD), compared to athletes not using AAS. Eight athletes were equally divided in two groups, AAS users and non-users. The groups were evaluated using Helkimo index, McNamara cephalometric tracing and cast analysis. The AAS users presented more intense TMD signs and symptoms (Di total value, P = 0.096, Mann-Whitney test), increased cephalometric measures (Co-A, P = 0.020, Mann-Whitney test) and Angle Class II malocclusion, compared to the non-users. These results suggested that the use of AAS alters masticatory structures and increases the incidence of TMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, University of Vale do Paraíba - UNIVAP, São José dos Campos, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana S P
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Mateus B F
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Ewerson B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Shinozaki
authors.forename: Jarbas F F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marchini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000728:Androgens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001938:Brazil; D002508:Cephalometry; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000145:classification; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D009127:Muscle Rigidity / Q000145:classification; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077603:Nandrolone Decanoate; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000187:drug effects; D013177:Sports; D013197:Stanozolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013284:Stomatognathic System / Q000187:drug effects*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D000728:Androgens; D013197:Stanozolol; D009277:Nandrolone; D000077603:Nandrolone Decanoate