title: The toxic effects of toluene on the optokinetic nystagmus in pigmented rats.
abstract: The effects of 375 mgm(-3) (100 ppm) toluene in air inhalation were evaluated on pigmented rats during either repeated exposures over five consecutive days 3h a day or during a single 4-h exposure. At the end of the inhalation period, the animals were returned to fresh air to evaluate their ability to recover optokinetic performance. The optokinetic responses were analyzed using a magnetic search coil technique previously described. After repeated toluene exposure, the eye position at rest of all the rats was unsteady. In response to visual stimulation, the eye velocity was slower and more irregular than in the control state. At the end of the stimulation, the environment of the animals became stationary, but the eye did not immediately return to a fixed stable position. A similar effect was observed after a single exposure. An increase of the optokinetic deficit was observed after single or repeated 375 mgm(-3) toluene exposures. No recovery was observed even after a single exposure. In view of the fact that toluene is a widely used solvent, these results show that inhalation of low concentrations, even for short single exposures, must be taken into account, because gaze destabilization could cause vertigo symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Neurosciences and Environment, Rouen University, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hogie
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guerbet
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reber
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000379:methods; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000187:drug effects*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008297:Male; D017120:Nystagmus, Optokinetic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D020127:Recovery of Function; D014050:Toluene / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D014050:Toluene