title: Critical role of IL-2 and TGF-beta in generation, function and stabilization of Foxp3+CD4+ Treg.
abstract: CD4+Foxp3+ Treg consist of two indistinguishable subsets induced in either the thymus or the periphery. In addition to their suppressive activities, IL-6 can convert natural Treg to pro-inflammatory IL-17-producing cells, but those induced with IL-2 and TGF-beta remain Treg. Unlike mouse CD4+CD25(-) cells, which rapidly become polyclonal Foxp3+CD25+ Treg when activated appropriately with IL-2 and TGF-beta, human T cells require multiple stimulations to become similar suppressor cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. dhorwitz@usc.edu
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Horwitz
authors.forename: Song Guo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Juhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J Dixon
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000276:immunology; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta