title: Thin semitransparent gels containing phenylboronic acid: porosity, optical response and permeability for sugars.
abstract: Radical copolymerization of acrylamide (Am) (90 mol%) with N-acryloyl-m-aminophenylboronic acid (NAAPBA) (10 mol%) carried out on the surface of glass slides in aqueous solution and in the absence of chemical cross-linkers, resulted in the formation of thin semitransparent gels. The phenylboronic acid (PBA) ligand density was ca. 160 micromol/ml gel. The gels exhibited a macroporous structure and displayed optical response to sucrose, lactose, glucose and fructose in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, in the pH range from 6.5 to 7.5. The response was fairly reversible and linearly depended on glucose concentration in the wide concentration range from 1 to 60 mM at pH 7.3. The character of response was explained by the balance of two competing equilibrium processes: binding of glucose to phenylboronate anions and binary hydrophobic interactions of neutral PBA groups. The apparent diffusion coefficient of glucose in the gels was ca. 2.5 x 10(-7) cm(2)/s. A freshly prepared gel can be used daily for at least 1 month without changes in sensitivity. Autoclaving (121 degrees C, 1.2 bar, 10 min) allows for the gels sterilization, which is important for their use as glucose sensors in fermentation processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. alexander.ivanov@biotek.lu.se
authors.forename: Alexander E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.forename: Chongdee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thammakhet
authors.forename: Marina V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Kuzimenkova
authors.forename: Panote
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thavarungkul
authors.forename: Proespichaya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kanatharana
authors.forename: Lyubov I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Mikhalovska
authors.forename: Sergey V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Mikhalovsky
authors.forename: Igor Yu
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Galaev
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mattiasson
mesh_terms: D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D004058:Diffusion / Q000187:drug effects; D005782:Gels; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D016062:Porosity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001897:Boronic Acids; D005782:Gels; D005947:Glucose; C010686:benzeneboronic acid