[Case of post-stroke dementia after left medial occipitoparietal lesion].
We report herein a patient of poststroke dementia (PSD) following left medial occipitoparietal hemorrhage triggered by drainage of an acute traumatic subdural hematoma. The patient, an independent 73-year-old man, became dependent due to dementia. Cognitive dysfunction was characterized by moderately decreased IQ, severe memory disturbances, topographical disorientation, executive dysfunction and loss of self-awareness. Cognitive dysfunction has not advanced for 3 years. Hypo-perfusion in the whole brain, particularly in the left temporal and parietal regions, was visible on 123I-IMP SPECT images. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated damage to the left posterior cingulate cortex, cingulate bundle, superior parietal lobule and subcortical region of the occipital lobe. The fornix was spared. Some subcortical small spotted lesions were detected, but periventricular lucency was not prominent. Structures known to be important in memory but spared by the lesion included the thalamus and basal forebrain. Small spotted subcortical lesions were detected in bilateral hippocampi, which are also known to be important in memory, but these were probably silent lesions. This case suggested that dementia is brought on by the lesion of the left posterior cingulate bundle and retrosplenial cortex causing amnesia by disrupting the cingulate-hippocampal connection or the retrosplenial cortex itself, with the lesion of the left occipitoparietal subcortex causing frontal dysfunction by disrupting the dorsal limbic pathway and occipitofrontal fasciculus of the prefrontal circuits.
Lee
Kumi
K
Tokyo Metropolitan Rehabilitation Hospital.
Maeda
Yuhki
Y
Shintani
Yuri
Y
Matsuura
Mami
M
Yamaguchi
Katsuya
K
Takayama
Yoshihiro
Y
D000368:Aged; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006408:Hematoma, Subdural / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon