Induction of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis by an essential oil from Tanacetum gracile.
The essential oil of Tanacetum gracile (Accession no. AT-01 termed AT-01 in the manuscript), a cold desert alpine highly aromatic herb, has 40 constituents including lavendulol (21.5 %), lavendulol acetate (1.7 %), alpha-pinene (11.2 %), 1,8-cineole (15.2 %), CIS-beta-ocimene (6.9 %), borneol (6.1 %), limonene (5.1 %) and chamazulene (3.7 %). AT-01 was evaluated for its anticancer activity. It inhibited HL-60 cell proliferation with an IC (50) of 27 microg/mL. Furthermore, AT-01 induced apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells as measured by several biological end points. AT-01 induced apoptotic body formation, enhanced annexinV-FITC binding of the cells, increased sub-G (0) DNA fraction, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi (mt)) and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, activated caspase-9 as well as caspase-3, and increased cleavage of PARP in HL-60 cells. Thus, AT-01 induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial dependent pathway in HL-60 cells.
Verma
Monika
M
Division of Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu-Tawi, India.
Singh
Shashank Kumar
SK
Bhushan
Shashi
S
Pal
Harish C
HC
Kitchlu
Surinder
S
Koul
Maharaj K
MK
Thappa
Rajender K
RK
Saxena
Ajit K
AK
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D031203:Tanacetum / Q000737:chemistry*
D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D045304:Cytochromes c; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9