Platelet signalling abnormalities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review.
The hyperactivation of platelets is involved in the cardiovascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Altered platelet behavior contributes to the angiopathies associated with diabetes. A number of mechanisms involved in platelet activation are altered in diabetes. Platelets from type 2 diabetic patients show an enhanced endogenous reactive oxygen species production and a reduced antioxidant capability, which increase the activity of several tyrosine kinases, such as the Bruton's tyrosine kinase, MAP kinases or proteins of the SRC family. Oxidative stress is also involved in the abnormal intracellular calcium homeostasis observed in platelets from type 2 diabetics, including an enhanced resting cytosolic calcium concentration and calcium release and entry in response to agonists. Moreover, diabetes alters the bioavailability of nitric oxide in platelets. Basal nitric oxide synthase activity is reduced in homogenates of platelets obtained from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study of these abnormalities might be helpful in the development of new pharmacological strategies to reduce platelet activation in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
El Haouari
Mohammed
M
Laboratoire de Physiologie et d'Ethnopharmacologie, Département de Biologie, Université Mohamed 1er, Faculté des Sciences, Bd. Mohamed VI, BP 717, Oujda 60000, Morocco.
Rosado
Juan A
JA
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D015539:Platelet Activation; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP