[Pharmacological rationale for choice of antibiotics for intraabdominal infections].
The pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic characteristics of antimicrobial agents are the two fundamental pharmacological components which provide a rationale for the choice of therapy for intraabdominal infections, and especially serious infections. The most important PK-PD parameters are well known which can potentiate therapeutic efficacy. Antimicrobial agents can be subdivided into categories based on whether their activity is dependent on concentration or exposure time. Therefore, a correct dosing regimen for the time-dependent molecules (i.e. beta-lactams, linezolid, tigecycline) should prolong the maximum exposure time to maintain serum levels over the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The concentration-dependent molecules, on the other hand, which include aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, should be given in order to reach maximum concentrations, since they are bactericidal in direct proportion to their concentrations and possess a prolonged post-antibiotic effect.
Mazzei
Teresita
T
Dipartimento di Farmacologia Preclinica e Clinica, Universita degli Studi di Firenze.
Novelli
Andrea
A
D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000188:drug therapy; D000081:Acetamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004066:Digestive System Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000069349:Linezolid; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008911:Minocycline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy; D000078304:Tigecycline; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014769:Virginiamycin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000081:Acetamides; D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D047090:beta-Lactams; D014769:Virginiamycin; C062940:quinupristin-dalfopristin; D008795:Metronidazole; D000078304:Tigecycline; D008911:Minocycline; D000069349:Linezolid