Late-onset rosiglitazone-associated acute liver failure in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma.
OBJECTIVE
To report a case of rosiglitazone-associated hepatotoxicity in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma.


METHODS
A 52-year-old man presented with low-grade fever and fatigue that had been present for 4 months. He had been receiving insulin for 5 years and rosiglitazone 4 mg/day for 11 months for control of type 2 diabetes; he was receiving no other drug therapy. During hospitalization, hepatotoxicity was shown, with abnormal liver function test results including alanine aminotransferase 488 U/L, aspartate aminotransferase 344 U/L, alkaline phosphatase 832 U/L, total bilirubin 4.61 mg/dL, and direct bilirubin 3.63 mg/dL. Rosiglitazone was discontinued after further elevation of bilirubin (total 14.67 mg/dL, direct 12.10 mg/dL) occurred. Other causes for hepatotoxicity were ruled out. Hodgkin's lymphoma was diagnosed during the workup; however, liver imaging and biopsy also excluded this as the direct cause of acute liver failure. Despite discontinuation of rosiglitazone, the bilirubin level continued to increase to 49.29 mg/dL (direct > 20 mg/dL). The patient died 3 months after admission.


CONCLUSIONS
Rosiglitazone maleate is a thiazolidinedione approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The first member of this drug class, troglitazone, was withdrawn from the market due to reports of acute liver failure. Rosiglitazone has been shown to be much safer than troglitazone, despite some reported cases of early-onset nonfatal hepatotoxicity. Use of the Naranjo probability scale indicated that rosiglitazone was the probable cause of acute liver failure in our patient.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that rosiglitazone may be associated with late-onset acute liver failure. Clinicians should be aware of such a complication and monitor liver function in patients receiving the drug.
El-Naggar
Moustafa Hm
MH
Section of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Helmy
Ahmed
A
Moawad
Mahmoud
M
Al-Omary
Mohamed
M
Al-Kadhi
Yusuf
Y
Habib
Bassil
B
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D017114:Liver Failure, Acute / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone