title: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury.
abstract: Cardiac angiography and coronary/vascular interventions depend on iodinated contrast media and consequently pose the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). This is an important complication that accounts for a significant number of cases of hospital-acquired renal failure, with adverse effects on prognosis and health care costs. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of contrast-induced AKI, baseline renal function measurement, risk assessment, identification of high-risk patients, contrast medium use, and preventive strategies are discussed in this report. An advanced algorithm is suggested for the risk stratification and management of contrast-induced AKI as it relates to patients undergoing cardiovascular procedures. Contrast-induced AKI is likely to remain a significant challenge for cardiologists in the future because the patient population is aging and chronic kidney disease and diabetes are becoming more common.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Cardiology, Nutrition, and Preventive Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan 48073, USA. pmc975@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McCullough
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003287:Contrast Media