title: Analysis of confiscated black market drugs using chromatographic and mass spectrometric approaches.
abstract: In the context of house searches in Germany, numerous drugs were confiscated and subjected to chemical analysis, including anabolic agents such as various anabolic-androgenic steroids (stanozolol, testosterone derivatives, trenbolone esters, etc.) and clenbuterol, as well as agents with anti-estrogenic activity (tamoxifen, clomiphene), drugs stimulating virility (sildenafil, tadalafil), and unlabeled plastic bags. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with nitrogen-phosphorus specific detection, gel electrophoresis, and immunological tests were employed to test for the effective content of 70 products. In 18 cases (25.7%), the declared ingredients differed from the actual content, in particular concerning anabolic-androgenic steroids. Nandrolone and trenbolone esters, for instance, were frequently substituted or complemented by various testosterone derivatives, and several testosterone depot formulations originally composed of four different esters were found to contain fewer or wrong components. Except for those drugs supposedly originating from so-called underground labs, fake packings were hardly or not distinguishable from original boxes by visual inspection.
authors.affiliation: Center for Preventive Doping Research-Institute of Biochemistry, German Sport University Cologne, Carl-Diem Weg 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany. m.thevis@biochem.dshs-koeln.de
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thevis
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Schrader
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sigmund
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Geyer
authors.forename: Wilhelm
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schänzer
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005858:Germany; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D013256:Steroids / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D013256:Steroids