title: Adiponectin and left ventricular structure and function in healthy adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin inhibits protein synthesis in cardiac myocytes, thereby opposing the effect of cardiac workload and trophic factors (in particular, insulin) on left ventricular (LV) mass and wall thickness (WT).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We tested whether adiponectin and its isoforms are related to LV mass, WT, and function independently of metabolic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 77 healthy volunteers (42 men) aged 30-59 yr with normal LV structure and function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Insulin response and insulin sensitivity were assessed by oral glucose tolerance test and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. LV mass, WT, stroke work, chamber function, and myocardial longitudinal function were evaluated by standard Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging. Total and molecular isoforms of adiponectin were measured in plasma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By multivariate analysis, independent factors affecting LV mass were sex, body mass index, stroke work, and current smoking (R(2) = 0.66). Independent correlates of LV WT were age, stroke work, and plasma adiponectin (standardized r = 0.28, 0.41, and -0.26, P at least < 0.005, R(2) = 0.48). LV longitudinal late diastolic velocity was independently related to age, body mass index, and adiponectin (standardized r = 0.20, 0.26, -0.33, P at least < 0.05, R(2) = 0.30). High-molecular-weight adiponectin (47% of total), but not lower molecular-weight isoforms, insulin sensitivity, or other metabolic factors, was inversely and independently related to WT (standardized r = -0.27, P < 0.01) and myocardial longitudinal late diastolic velocity (standardized r = -0.28, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In healthy subjects, circulating total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin are related to LV WT and diastolic function, independently of age and metabolic factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, Pisa, Italy. m.kozakova@int.med.unipi.it
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kozakova
authors.forename: Elza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muscelli
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flyvbjerg
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frystyk
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morizzo
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Palombo
authors.forename: Ele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferrannini
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003971:Diastole; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000209:etiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D013599:Systole; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D020033:Protein Isoforms