title: Biochemical alterations in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to zinc: glutathione reductase as a target.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate biochemical changes in juvenile carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to zinc chloride (10, 30 and 100 microM) for a period of 48 h. Zinc exposure caused a concentration-dependent reduction in glutathione reductase (GR) activity in gills, liver and brain. Gill glutathione S-transferase (GST) was reduced when animals were exposed to the highest concentration of 100 microM zinc. The phosphorylation of p38(MAPK) increased in the brain of fish exposed to zinc 100 microM, while phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) remained unchanged. Expression of proteins HSP60 and HSP70 were not affected by zinc exposure. Considering the significant concentration-dependent inhibition of GR in all tissues analyzed, this enzyme could be a potential biomarker of exposure to zinc, which has to be confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jeferson L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Thais
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Posser
authors.forename: Jacó J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mattos
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Chardi
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trevisan
authors.forename: Camila S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Paulo S M
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Rodrigo B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Maria R F
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Afonso C D
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bainy
authors.forename: Alcir L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dafre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C016837:zinc chloride; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases