title: Attitudes towards cesarean section in a nationwide sample of obstetricians and gynecologists.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Swedish cesarean section (CS) rate has increased dramatically over the last decades, but remains relatively low compared to several other countries in the Western world. The reasons for this continuous increase are multifactorial and difficult to investigate. That pregnant women are demanding CS more frequently does not appear to be the major explanatory factor for the increasing CS rate. Since Swedish CS rates are relatively low, it is important to study attitudes to CS in a nationwide population of Swedish obstetricians and gynecologists in order to determine the possible concerns of this group.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2006, a study-specific questionnaire was created and posted to Swedish obstetricians and gynecologists. In total, 1,280 obstetricians and gynecologists received a questionnaire and replied with a response rate of 66%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In general, older and longer work experience physicians had a more positive attitude towards providing CS on maternal request or elective CS for women who fear vaginal delivery. In addition, these colleagues were more positive in expressing their belief that elective CS is as safe as vaginal delivery for the mother and her child. The main difference between female and male physicians was that males were more positive toward providing CS on maternal request (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have shown that female physicians differ from their male colleagues in their attitudes toward providing CS on maternal request. Female physicians were more reluctant than males to provide CS on maternal request.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Värnamo Hospital, Värnamo, Sweden. christina.gunnervik@lj.se
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gunnervik
authors.forename: Gunilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sydsjö
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sydsjö
authors.forename: Katarina Ekholm
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Selling
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Josefsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001946:Breech Presentation; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D020567:Fetal Weight; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009774:Obstetrics; D010822:Physicians, Women; D011247:Pregnancy