title: Revised classification of lupus nephritis is valuable in predicting renal outcome with an indication of the proportion of glomeruli affected by chronic lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society (ISN/RPS) 2003 classification of lupus nephritis (LN) is helpful in predicting renal outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 92 patients with LN who underwent renal biopsy in our hospital were re-classified according to the ISN/RPS 2003 criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 36.8 yrs and the median observation period was 65 months. The relative frequency for each class was as follows: Class I (minimal mesangial LN) 0%, Class II (mesangial proliferative LN) 13%, Class III (focal LN) 17%, Class IV (diffuse LN) 60% and Class V (membranous LN) 10%. Within Class IV, diffuse segmental (Class IV-S) was 25% and diffuse global (Class IV-G) 75%. During the observation period, renal function was more likely to deteriorate in Class IV-G cases than in Class IV-S cases. Importantly, when Class IV-G was subdivided into cases involving active lesion alone [IV-G (A)] or chronic lesion [IV-G (A/C)], the majority of cases in IV-G (A) was nephrotic, but responded well to therapy. In contrast, renal function declined only in IV-G (A/C) cases. Patients with Class IV-G (A/C) had persistent proteinuria in spite of intensified therapies. Moreover, the higher proportion of chronic lesions was related with the deterioration of renal function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that in Class IV-G cases, renal outcome differed in the presence of chronicity. Chronicity could be a critical factor in predicting outcome. Thus, the revised classification of LN is clinically valuable in identifying different renal outcomes among patients with diffuse LN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroiwa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikeuchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maeshima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiromura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nojima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000473:pathology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000145:classification* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011507:Proteinuria; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine