title: The effect of Streptococcus mutans and Candida glabrata on Candida albicans biofilms formed on different surfaces.
abstract: Although Candida containing biofilms contribute to the development of oral candidosis, the characteristics of multi-species Candida biofilms and how oral bacteria modulate these biofilms is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate interactions between Candida albicans and either Candida glabrata or Streptococcus mutans in biofilms grown on various surfaces, with or without saliva. Hydroxyapatite (HA), polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA) and soft denture liner (SL) discs were used as substratum. Counts of viable micro-organisms in the accumulating biofilm layer were determined and converted to colony forming units per unit surface area. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to characterize biofilms and to quantitate the number of hyphae in each condition tested. Viable counts of C. albicans and C. glabrata per mm(2) decreased in the order HA>PMMA>SL (p<0.05). Biofilms grown on saliva-coated specimens harboured fewer C. glabrata than uncoated specimens (p<0.05). Glucose and the presence of S. mutans suppressed C. albicans hyphal formation. Dual Candida species biofilms did not show competitive interaction between the two species. We conclude that Candida biofilms are significantly affected by saliva, substratum type and by the presence of other micro-organisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba/UNICAMP, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pereira-Cenci
authors.forename: Dong Mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Eefje Anne
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kraneveld
authors.forename: Erik Martinus Marie
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Manders
authors.forename: Altair Antoninha
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Del Bel Cury
authors.forename: Jacob Martien
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ten Cate
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Crielaard
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D041221:Candida glabrata / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003819:Denture Bases / Q000382:microbiology*; D003822:Denture Liners; D017886:Durapatite; D025301:Hyphae / Q000254:growth & development; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D017886:Durapatite