title: Do variations in provider discussions explain socioeconomic disparities in postmastectomy breast reconstruction?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of postmastectomy reconstruction varies with socioeconomic status, but the etiology of these variations is not understood. We investigated whether these differences reflect variations in the rate or qualitative aspects of the provider's discussion of reconstruction as an option.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected through chart review and patient survey for stages I to III breast cancer patients during the National Initiative on Cancer Care Quality. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify predictors of reconstruction and discussion of reconstruction as an option. Predictors of not receiving reconstruction despite a documented discussion were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 253 of 626 patients who received reconstruction (40.4%). Younger, more educated Caucasian women who were not overweight or receiving postmastectomy radiation were more likely to receive reconstruction. Patients who were younger, more educated, and not receiving postmastectomy radiation were more likely to have a documented discussion of reconstruction. If a discussion was documented, patients who were older, Hispanic, not born in the US, and received postmastectomy radiation were less likely to receive reconstruction. The greatest predictor of reconstruction was medical record documentation of a discussion about reconstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed disparities in the likelihood of reconstruction that were at least partially explained by differences in the likelihood that reconstruction was discussed. But there were also differences in the likelihood of reconstruction based on age, race, and radiation once discussions occurred. Efforts to increase and improve discussions about reconstruction may decrease disparities for this procedure.
authors.affiliation: Center for Surgery and Public Health, Division of Surgical Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Caprice C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Stuart R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lipsitz
authors.forename: Clifford Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Malin
authors.forename: Arnold M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: Jane C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Weeks
authors.forename: Katherine L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D004282:Documentation; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008408:Mastectomy; D008499:Medical Records / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors