title: The Leber congenital amaurosis protein AIPL1 functions as part of a chaperone heterocomplex.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  AIPL1 mutations cause the severe inherited blindness Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). The similarity of AIPL1 to tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) cochaperones that interact with the chaperone Hsp90 and the ability of AIPL1 to suppress the aggregation of NUB1 fragments in a chaperone-like manner suggest that AIPL1 might function as part of a chaperone heterocomplex facilitating retinal protein maturation. In this study the interaction of AIPL1 with molecular chaperones is revealed and functionally characterized.
  
  
  METHODS
  AIPL1-interacting proteins were identified using a yeast two-hybrid system, and the effect of AIPL1 pathogenic mutations and sequence requirements mediating the identified interactions were investigated. The interactions were validated by a comprehensive set of biochemical assays, and the ability of the AIPL1-binding partners to cooperate with AIPL1 in the suppression of NUB1 fragment aggregation was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AIPL1 interacts with the molecular chaperones Hsp90 and Hsp70. Mutations within the TPR domain of AIPL1 or removal of the chaperone TPR acceptor site abolished the interactions. Importantly, LCA-causing mutations in AIPL1 also compromised these interactions, suggesting that the essential function of AIPL1 in photoreceptors may involve the interaction with Hsp90 and Hsp70. Examination of the role of these chaperones in AIPL1 chaperone activity demonstrated that AIPL1 cooperated with Hsp70, but not with Hsp90, to suppress the formation of NUB1 inclusions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that AIPL1 may cooperate with both Hsp70 and Hsp90 within a retina-specific chaperone heterocomplex and that the specialized role of AIPL1 in photoreceptors may therefore be facilitated by these molecular chaperones.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, University College London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hidalgo-de-Quintana
authors.forename: R Jane
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cheetham
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Spuy
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D019556:COS Cells; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D029242:Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: C403625:AIPL1 protein, human; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D016227:Benzoquinones; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C430242:NUB1 protein, human; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D014157:Transcription Factors; C001277:geldanamycin