Spatial and temporal dynamics of jasmonate synthesis and accumulation in Arabidopsis in response to wounding.
A new metabolite profiling approach combined with an ultrarapid sample preparation procedure was used to study the temporal and spatial dynamics of the wound-induced accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) and its oxygenated derivatives in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition to well known jasmonates, including hydroxyjasmonates (HOJAs), jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), and its 12-hydroxy derivative (12-HOJA-Ile), a new wound-induced dicarboxyjasmonate, 12-carboxyjasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (12-HOOCJA-Ile) was discovered. HOJAs and 12-HOOCJA-Ile were enriched in the midveins of wounded leaves, strongly differentiating them from the other jasmonate metabolites studied. The polarity of these oxylipins at physiological pH correlated with their appearance in midveins. When the time points of accumulation of different jasmonates were determined, JA levels were found to increase within 2-5 min of wounding. Remarkably, these changes occurred throughout the plant and were not restricted to wounded leaves. The speed of the stimulus leading to JA accumulation in leaves distal to a wound is at least 3 cm/min. The data give new insights into the spatial and temporal accumulation of jasmonates and have implications in the understanding of long-distance wound signaling in plants.
Glauser
Gaetan
G
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 30, Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4.
Grata
Elia
E
Dubugnon
Lucie
L
Rudaz
Serge
S
Farmer
Edward E
EE
Wolfender
Jean-Luc
JL
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008954:Models, Biological; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C011006:jasmonic acid; D010100:Oxygen