title: Evaluation of factors associated with chronic low back pain in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Low back pain is a common and disabling symptom that has not been properly studied in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate factors associated with chronic low back pain in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 205 patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Data were obtained through medical records, patient interviews and physical examination. Balance was evaluated through the Tinetti scale. The muscular strength was evaluated through the quadriceps muscle manual test and the Kendall scale graduation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  74 patients (36.1%) had low back pain. They were older (p = 0.020), undergoing dialysis for a longer period (p = 0.071) and had more comorbidities than patients without lumbar pain. Among the patients with low back pain, 75.7% presented balance disorders and 59.5% muscular weakness. In multivariate analysis the factors related to low back pain were balance deficit (OR: 9.30; 95% CI: 2.77-31.20), muscular strength deficit (OR: 14.33; 95% CI: 4.55-45.19), arterial hypertension (OR: 4.51; 95% CI: 1.32-15.37), bone disease (OR: 43.39; 95% CI: 11.51-163.53) and cerebrovascular disease (OR: 20.21; 95% CI: 3.28-124.65).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic low back pain is common in hemodialysis patients and is associated with muscle weakness, balance disorders, and comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cristofolini
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Draibe
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sesso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D016015:Logistic Models; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000453:epidemiology; D004856:Postural Balance; D015995:Prevalence; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012678:Sensation Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric