title: Developing a rabbit model of rhinogenic chronic rhinosinusitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to develop a rabbit model of rhinogenic chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  New Zealand white rabbits were used and divided into two groups. In group A rabbits, a piece of Merocel (Medtronic-Xomed, Jacksonville, FL) was inserted into one nasal cavity and the other was left undisturbed as control. In group B rabbits, 1 microg phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was injected into bilateral nasal lateral walls and then a piece of Merocel (Medtronic-Xomed) was inserted into one nasal cavity. At week 2, the Merocel (Medtronic-Xomed) was removed, and computed tomography (CT), nasoendoscopy, and cultures were performed. All examinations were repeated at week 12. Rabbits that had purulent discharge in nasal cavities and sinuses opacification shown in CT scans were diagnosed as having rhinosinusitis. Rabbits with CRS were randomly allocated to receive intravenous ceftriaxone (50 mg/kg/day) for 28 days or nothing. All rabbits with CRS received CT scans, nasoendoscopy, and cultures at week 16.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At week 12, CRS had developed in two controlled nasal cavities, six nasal cavities inserted with Merocel (Medtronic-Xomed), six nasal cavities injected with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), and seven both PMA-injected and Merocel- (Medtronic-Xomed) inserted nasal cavities. Seven of nine treated CRS sides were clear of opacification after treatment. All non-treated CRS sides had persistent diseases at week 16. There was a significant difference in the CRS incidence (P = .00043) and culture rates (P = .027) between treated and non-treated CRS nasal cavities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study developed a rabbit model of rhinogenic CRS. This model is easily performed and is reversible by treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. kelly1107@vghtc.gov.tw
authors.forename: Kai-Li
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Rong-San
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jiun-Yih
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shiao
authors.forename: Mao-Chang
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Chung-Han
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsin
authors.forename: Jen-Fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D015503:Surgical Sponges; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate