title: Adrenomedullin inhibits connective tissue growth factor expression, extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and renal fibrosis.
abstract: Systemic administration of the potent vasodilating peptide adrenomedullin reduces cardiac and renal fibrosis in hypertensive animals. Here, we investigated the effects of kidney-specific adrenomedullin gene delivery in normotensive rats after unilateral ureteral obstruction, an established model of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Overexpression of exogenous adrenomedullin in the renal interstitium following ureteral obstruction significantly prevented fibrosis and proliferation of tubular and interstitial cells. In this model, there is upregulation of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) mRNA expression and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, and adrenomedullin overexpression suppressed both of these activities without altering the blood pressure. In NRK-49F renal fibroblasts, adrenomedullin reduced transforming growth factor-beta-induced CTGF and fibronectin mRNA upregulation through the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway, and suppressed ERK phosphorylation and cell proliferation. In the kidneys with an obstructed ureter, adrenomedullin receptor gene expression was upregulated along with cyclic AMP production in kidney slices. The latter effect was partially blocked by a neutralizing antibody to adrenomedullin, indicating that an endogenous peptide-receptor system was activated. Our results show that overexpression of exogenous adrenomedullin in the ureteral-obstructed kidney prevents tubulointerstitial fibrosis and cell proliferation through the cyclic AMP-mediated decrease of CTGF induction and ERK phosphorylation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagae
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukoyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasahara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suganami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koshikawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakao
mesh_terms: D053607:Adrenomedullin / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C526317:CCN2 protein, human; C526316:CCN2 protein, rat; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor; D053607:Adrenomedullin; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases