title: Leptin, insulin, and glucose serum levels in large-for-gestational-age infants of diabetic and non-diabetic mothers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been suggested that hyperleptinemia could be caused by hyperinsulinemia in infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare leptin, insulin, and glucose levels in large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted in IDMs, infants of non-diabetic mothers (INDM) and AGA infants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-seven newborns were studied (11 IDM, 16 INDM, and 50 AGA infants). Leptin levels were significantly higher in LGA infants than in the AGA group and a trend for higher levels in IDM than NIDM was observed. Insulin levels and insulin resistance were significantly higher in IDMs. Glucose levels were lower in both groups of LGA infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found insulin resistance, hyperinsulinism and hyperleptinemia in IDMs, and the trend of higher leptin levels in IDMs than INDMs shows that leptin could be related to insulin resistance in these infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Hospital of Gynecology-Pediatrics, Mexican Institute of Social Security, León, México. mmavehu@yahoo.com.mx
authors.forename: M Martha
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Vela-Huerta
authors.forename: Edgar Ulises
authors.initials: EU
authors.lastname: San Vicente-Santoscoy
authors.forename: Juan Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guizar-Mendoza
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amador-Licona
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aldana-Valenzuela
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernnández
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000097:blood*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000097:blood*; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin