Anti-angiogenic potential of CoenzymeQ10, riboflavin and niacin in breast cancer patients undergoing tamoxifen therapy.
Tumour angiogenesis is a complex mechanism consisting of multi-step events including secretion or activation of angiogenic factors by tumour cells, activation of proteolytic enzymes, proliferation, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. Both primary and metastatic tumours in the breast are dependent on angiogenesis. In the present study, 84 breast cancer patients were randomized to receive a daily supplement of CoQ(10) 100 mg, riboflavin 10 mg and niacin 50 mg (CoRN), one dosage per day along with tamoxifen (TAM) 10 mg twice a day. Serum pro-angiogenic levels were elevated in untreated breast cancer patients (Group II) and their levels were found to be reduced in breast cancer patients undergoing TAM therapy for more than 1 year (Group III). When these group III breast cancer patients were supplemented with CoRN for 45 days (Group IV) and 90 days (Group V) along with TAM, a further significant reduction in pro-angiogenic marker levels were observed. Supplementing CoRN to breast cancer patients has found to decrease the levels of pro-angiogenic factors and increase the levels of anti-angiogenic factors. A reduction in pro-angiogenic marker levels attributes to reduction in tumour burden and may suggest good prognosis and efficacy of the treatment, and might even offer protection from cancer metastases and recurrence.
Premkumar
Vummidi Giridhar
VG
Department of Medical Biochemistry, DR. A.L.M. Post-Graduate, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India.
Yuvaraj
Srinivasan
S
Sathish
Sivaprakasam
S
Shanthi
Palanivel
P
Sachdanandam
Panchanatham
P
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004549:Elastin / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009525:Niacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D014815:Vitamins; D013629:Tamoxifen; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D014451:Ubiquinone; D009525:Niacin; D004549:Elastin; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; C024989:coenzyme Q10; D012256:Riboflavin