title: Attributions of responsibility for addiction: the effects of gender and type of substance.
abstract: In 1997, 248 urban university students in central Massachusetts rated responsibility for addiction using the Attributions of Responsibility for Addiction Scale (ARAS), developed for this study with university-based financial support. The vignette-based factorial design varied sex of drug user and type of addictive substance. Factor analysis yielded two subscales: internal and external responsibility attributions; the dependent variable was the internal-to-external attribution ratio. Analysis of variance indicated main effects for substance type and drug abuse experience and showed interaction effects for participant's sex by user's sex and user's sex by substance type. Authors discuss implications, study limitations, and future research.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine Research, Substance Abuse Research Unit, Rhode Island Hospital, and Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island02903, USA. Chatgis@Lifespan.org
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hatgis
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Friedmann
authors.forename: Morton
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wiener
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005378:Financial Support; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D011594:Psychometrics; D012737:Sex Factors; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D014495:Universities; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs