title: In vitro effects of preservative-free tafluprost and preserved latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost in a conjunctival epithelial cell line.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the toxicity profiles of three antiglaucoma prostaglandin F2alpha analogs, latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost which contain benzalkonium chloride (BAK), with tafluprost, a new preservative-free prostaglandin analog.
  
  
  METHODS
  IOBA-NHC cells were exposed to BAK-containing prostanoid solutions, their respective BAK concentrations, and preservative-free tafluprost solution for 30 min. Membrane integrity, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and cells morphology were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preservative-free tafluprost resulted in significantly higher membrane integrity and lower pro-apoptotic and pro-oxidative effects than preservative-containing prostaglandin analog preparations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that tafluprost, a new preservative-free prostaglandin analog, has very low or no pro-apoptotic, pro-necrotic, or pro-oxidative effects in vitro compared to preservative-containing formulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology III, Quinze-Vingts National Ophthalmology Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brasnu
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brignole-Baudouin
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Riancho
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guenoun
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Warnet
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baudouin
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000633:toxicity; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000069580:Bimatoprost; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003008:Cloprostenol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000633:toxicity; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D000077338:Latanoprost; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000633:toxicity*; D011460:Prostaglandins F / Q000633:toxicity; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000633:toxicity; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D058486:Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D000069557:Travoprost
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; C546468:P2RX7 protein, human; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical; D011460:Prostaglandins F; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058486:Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; D013481:Superoxides; C485333:tafluprost; D003008:Cloprostenol; D000077338:Latanoprost; D004247:DNA; D015237:Dinoprost; D000069580:Bimatoprost; D000069557:Travoprost