The TWEAK-Fn14 cytokine-receptor axis: discovery, biology and therapeutic targeting.
TWEAK is a multifunctional cytokine that controls many cellular activities including proliferation, migration, differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and inflammation. TWEAK acts by binding to Fn14, a highly inducible cell-surface receptor that is linked to several intracellular signalling pathways, including the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway. The TWEAK-Fn14 axis normally regulates various physiological processes, in particular it seems to play an important, beneficial role in tissue repair following acute injury. Furthermore, recent studies have indicated that TWEAK-Fn14 axis signalling may contribute to cancer, chronic autoimmune diseases and acute ischaemic stroke. This Review provides an overview of TWEAK-Fn14 axis biology and summarizes the available data supporting the proposal that both TWEAK and Fn14 should be considered as potential targets for the development of novel therapeutics.
Winkles
Jeffrey A
JA
Department of Surgery, Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, and the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, 800 West Baltimore Street, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. jwinkles@som.umaryland.edu
D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000074050:TWEAK Receptor
D016207:Cytokines; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C000613297:TNFRSF12A protein, human; D000074050:TWEAK Receptor