title: Assessment of suitability of two serotype A candidate vaccine strains for inclusion in FMD vaccine in India.
abstract: The recent type A foot and mouth disease virus field isolates recovered in India are shown to be antigenically quite divergent from the in-use vaccine strain (IND 17/82), warranting the selection of a suitable vaccine strain which can cover this diversity in antigenic spectrum. In earlier studies employing neutralization test with anti-146S rabbit sera raised against eight candidate vaccine strains, IND 81/00 and IND 40/00 belonging to genotype VII were found to offer the best antigenic coverage. In order to assess the credibility of IND 81/00 and IND 40/00 as vaccine strains, 17 recent isolates received during 2005-2006 and representative isolates from older genotypes were subjected to two-dimensional micro-neutralization assay using bovine convalescent serum (against IND 81/00 and IND 40/00) and bovine vaccinate serum (against IND 40/00). From the results it is evident that both the isolates IND 81/00 (antigenic relationship 'r-value' >0.40 with 86% of isolates) and IND 40/00 ('r-value' >0.40 with 78% of isolates) show nearly equal antigenic relatedness with the recent field viruses and hence both of these are effective vaccine candidates in present context. Though very limited in its extent, these useful data obtained with antisera raised in homologous host system are logical extension of the on going quest for the appropriate vaccine strain and circumvents species disparities in the immune recognition of epitopes.
authors.affiliation: Project Directorate on Foot-and-Mouth Disease, Indian Veterinary Research Institute Campus, Mukteswar-Kumaon, Nainital 263138, Uttarakhand, India. jajati1@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jajati Keshari
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Mohapatra
authors.forename: Divakar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hemadri
authors.forename: T V S
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Sreenivasa
authors.forename: Saravanan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.forename: Aniket
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanyal
authors.forename: Tamilselvan Ramasamy
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Periyasamy
authors.forename: Nawal Kishor
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Bramhadev
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pattnaik
authors.forename: Ramamurthy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Venkataramanan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000940:Antigenic Variation; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005838:Genotype; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D010802:Phylogeny; D011817:Rabbits; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012703:Serotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D013045:Species Specificity; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D007106:Immune Sera; D014765:Viral Vaccines