title: Significant discrepancies between diagnostic and pathologic Gleason sums in prostate cancer: the predictive role of age and prostate-specific antigen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the discrepancies between diagnostic and pathologic Gleason sums and the predictive role of age and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level on Gleason sum discrepancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2963 patients receiving radical prostatectomy at Duke University from 1988 to 2006 were divided into two groups according to year of diagnosis: 1988 to 1999 and 2000 to 2006. The Gleason sum discrepancies were evaluated in the above groups. The predictive roles of diagnostic age (less than 50, 50 to 60, 60.1 to 70, and greater than 70 years), PSA level (less than 10, 10 to 20, and greater than 20 ng/mL), race, body mass index, and prostate weight on the discrepancies were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 55.8% of diagnostic Gleason sums differed from those on final surgical pathology (58.6% in the 1988 to 1999 and 49.3% in the 2000 to 2006 groups). Diagnostic Gleason sums were undergraded in 41.2% of cases and overgraded in 12.8% of cases. Men older than 60 years were more likely to have their diagnostic Gleason sums undergraded than men younger than 50 (odds ratio in age groups less than 50, 50 to 60, 60.1 to 70, and greater than 70 years: 1.00, 2.30, 4.03, and 3.96, respectively). Biopsy Gleason sums in men with a high PSA level were more likely to be undergraded compared with the PSA group less than 10 ng/mL (odds ratio in PSA groups less than 10, 10 to 20, and greater than 20 ng/mL: 1.00, 2.11, and 3.64, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant discrepancies between diagnostic and pathologic Gleason sums remain in recent years. The rate of diagnostic Gleason sum undergrading was 3.2-fold that of overgrading. Advanced age and high PSA level were predictive of diagnostic Gleason sum undergrading, and caution should be exercised when recommending active surveillance in older men.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology and Duke Prostate Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Brandon K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Isariyawongse
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Lionel L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Bañez
authors.forename: Cary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Polascik
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maloney
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donatucci
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albala
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mouraviev
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Madden
authors.forename: Judd W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Moul
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen