title: Generation of mature dendritic cells with unique phenotype and function by in vitro short-term culture of human monocytes in the presence of interleukin-4 and interferon-beta.
abstract: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy has been utilized for the treatment of not only a number of human malignancies but also a select group of infectious diseases. Conventional techniques for the generation and maturation of DCs require 7 days of in vitro culture, which prompted us to seek alternative methods that would hasten the generation of functional human myeloid DCs in vitro. Following the use of a number of cytokines/growth factors, we found that in vitro culture of purified human monocytes, in media containing interleukin (IL)-4, together with interferon (IFN)-beta for 24 hrs, followed by the addition of non-specific antigenic stimuli, such as keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or inactivated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 induced the monocytes to differentiated by 3 days into mature DCs (4B-DCs). These 4B-DCs expressed high levels of CD83 and CD11c, as well as markers of immune activation, including CD80 and CD86, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II, and CD14, but not CD1a. Anti-CD14 blocking antibody interfered with generation of 4B-DCs by LPS, but not by KLH or HIV-1. Interestingly, 4B-DCs, but not conventional DCs generated using macrophage-colony stimulating factor and IL-4 (G4-DCs), expressed OX40 and OX40L. 4B-DCs showed phagocytic activity, and spontaneously produced IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, but not IL-10. 4B-DCs promoted proliferation of allogeneic naïve CD4(+) T cells, producing IFN-(lambda) at lower levels than those stimulated with G4-DCs. 4B-DCs were more potent stimulators of allogeneic bulk CD8(+) T cells producing IFN-(lambda) than G4-DCs. These data indicate that 4B-DCs are unique and may provide a relatively more rapid alternative tool for potential clinical use, as compared with conventional G4-DCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Uehara 207, Nishihara-cho, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa 903-0215, Japan.
authors.forename: Li Feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kazu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuma
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Aftab A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Yuetsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D000097802:CD83 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D039521:CD11c Antigen; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D016899:Interferon-beta; D015847:Interleukin-4; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000097802:CD83 Antigen