title: Expression and regulation of the decoy bone morphogenetic protein receptor BAMBI in the developing avian face.
abstract: Here, we examine the expression and regulation of the gene BAMBI, a kinase-deficient decoy receptor capable of interacting with type I bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptors in avian embryos. Initially, expression was limited to the endoderm during neurula and pharyngula stages. From embryonic day 3.5 (stage 20) and onward, BAMBI expression almost perfectly overlapped with known expression patterns for BMP4, particularly in the face and limbs. We performed bead implant experiments in the face to see which signals could be repressing or promoting expression of BAMBI. Our data point to retinoids and BMPs as being major positive regulators of BAMBI expression; however, fibroblast growth factor 2 acts to repress BAMBI. Furthermore, retinoic acid is likely to act directly on BAMBI as induction occurs in the presence of cycloheximide. The data suggested that BAMBI could be used to regulate Bmp signaling during tissue interactions that are an integral part of facial morphogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Norihisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Higashihori
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Joy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Richman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism; D000099176:Noggin Protein
chemical_list: D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014212:Tretinoin; D000099176:Noggin Protein; C525810:Bmp4 protein, mouse