title: Adoptive immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer using MUC1 peptide-pulsed dendritic cells and activated T lymphocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreatic cancer has a poor prognosis. The clinical efficacy of immunotherapy using both dendritic cells pulsed with MUC1 peptide (MUC1-DC) and, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) sensitized with a pancreatic cancer, YPK-1, expressing MUC1 (MUC1-CTL) was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with unresectable or recurrent pancreatic cancer were enrolled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated into adherent cells for induction of MUC1-DCs and floating cells for MUC1-CTLs. MUC1-DCs were generated by culture with granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) and then exposed to MUC1 peptide and TNF-alpha. MUC1-CTLs were induced by co-culture with YPK-1 and then with interleukin-2 (IL-2). MUC1-DCs were injected intradermally and MUC1-CTLs were given intravenously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were treated from 2 to 15 times. One patient with multiple lung metastases experienced a complete response. Five patients had stable disease. The mean survival time was 9.8 months. No grade II-IV toxicity was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adoptive immunotherapy with MUC1-DC and MUC1-CTL may be feasible and effective for pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hazama
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaoka
authors.forename: Shigefumi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokuno
authors.forename: Motonari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hinoda
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C060192:MUC1 protein, human; D018396:Mucin-1