title: Effects of targeting moiety, linker, bifunctional chelator, and molecular charge on biological properties of 64Cu-labeled triphenylphosphonium cations.
abstract: In this report, we present the synthesis and evaluation of six new 64Cu-labeled triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cations. Biodistribution studies were performed using the athymic nude mice bearing U87MG human glioma xenografts to explore the impact of TPP moieties, linkers, bifunctional chelators (BFCs), and molecular charge on biological properties of 64Cu radiotracers. On the basis of the results from this study, it is concluded that (1) mTPP (tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphonium) is a better mitochondrion-targeting molecule than TPP and 3mTPP (tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphonium); (2) DO3A (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-4,7,10-triacetic acid) and DO2A (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-4,7-diacetic acid) are suitable BFCs for the 64Cu-labeling of TPP cations; (3) NOTA-Bn ( S-2-(4-thioureidobenzyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid) has a significant adverse effect on the radiotracer tumor uptake and tumor-to-background ratios; and (4) monoanionic BFCs should be avoided to ensure that 64Cu chelate has a neutral or negative charge. Considering the tumor uptake and tumor/liver ratios, 64Cu(DO2A-xy-TPP)+ is the best candidate for more extensive evaluations in different tumor-bearing animal models.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Young-Seung
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang-Tong
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zi-Bo
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaoyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002412:Cations; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003301:Copper Radioisotopes; D004560:Electricity; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D009861:Onium Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D002614:Chelating Agents; D003301:Copper Radioisotopes; D009861:Onium Compounds; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C061896:triphenylphosphine; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi