title: Almonds reduce biomarkers of lipid peroxidation in older hyperlipidemic subjects.
abstract: Nut consumption has been associated with reduced coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. In addition to cholesterol-lowering properties, almonds have been shown to lower oxidized LDL concentrations. However, little is known regarding their effects on other markers of oxidative stress. The dose-response effects of whole almonds, taken as snacks, were compared with low-saturated fat (<5% energy) whole-wheat muffins (control) in the therapeutic diets of hyperlipidemic subjects. In a randomized crossover study, 27 hyperlipidemic men and women consumed 3 isoenergetic (mean 423 kcal/d or 1770 kJ/d) supplements each for 1 mo. Supplements consisted of full-dose almonds (73 +/- 3 g/d), half-dose almonds plus half-dose muffins (half-dose almonds), and full-dose muffins (control). Subjects were assessed at wk 0, 2 and 4. Mean body weights differed < or = 300 g between treatments, although the weight loss on the half-dose almond treatment was greater than on the control (P < 0.01). At 4 wk, the full-dose almonds reduced serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) (P = 0.040) and creatinine-adjusted urinary isoprostane output (P = 0.026) compared with the control. Serum concentrations of alpha- or gamma-tocopherol, adjusted or unadjusted for total cholesterol, were not affected by the treatments. Almond antioxidant activity was demonstrated by their effect on 2 biomarkers of lipid peroxidation, serum MDA and urinary isoprostanes, and supports the previous finding that almonds reduced oxidation of LDL-C. Antioxidant activity provides an additional possible mechanism, in addition to lowering cholesterol, that may account for the reduction in CHD risk with nut consumption.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5C 2T2.
authors.forename: David J A
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Cyril W C
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.forename: Augustine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marchie
authors.forename: Andrea R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Josse
authors.forename: Tri H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Dorothea A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Faulkner
authors.forename: Karen G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Lapsley
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blumberg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D027861:Prunus
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002784:Cholesterol