title: Identification of amino acids of the beet necrotic yellow vein virus p25 protein required for induction of the resistance response in leaves of Beta vulgaris plants.
abstract: The RNA3-encoded p25 protein of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) is responsible for the production of rhizomania symptoms of sugar beet roots (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris). Here, it was found that the presence of the p25 protein is also associated with the resistance response in rub-inoculated leaves of sugar beet and wild beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima) plants. The resistance phenotype displayed a range of symptoms from no visible lesions to necrotic or greyish lesions at the inoculation site, and only very low levels of virus and viral RNA accumulated. The susceptible phenotype showed large, bright yellow lesions and developed high levels of virus accumulation. In roots after Polymyxa betae vector inoculation, however, no drastic differences in virus and viral RNA accumulation levels were found between plants with susceptible and resistant phenotypes, except at an early stage of infection. There was a genotype-specific interaction between BNYVV strains and two selected wild beet lines (MR1 and MR2) and sugar beet cultivars. Sequence analysis of natural BNYVV isolates and site-directed mutagenesis of the p25 protein revealed that 3 aa residues at positions 68, 70 and 179 are important in determining the resistance phenotype, and that host-genotype specificity is controlled by single amino acid changes at position 68. The mechanism of the occurrence of resistance-breaking BNYVV strains is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Soutaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyanishi
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Ida Bagus
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Andika
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamada
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D027461:Beta vulgaris / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000502:physiology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins