title: Municipal anaerobic digesters for codigestion, energy recovery, and greenhouse gas reductions.
abstract: Codigestion of five wastes and municipal wastewater sludge was evaluated using full-scale testing. Synergistic, antagonistic, and neutral outcomes were observed depending on codigestate identity and concentration, highlighting the value of careful blending. Yeast waste resulted in notable synergism, increasing biogas production by over 50%, whereas aircraft deicing waste resulted in antagonism at high loadings and neutral outcomes at lower loadings. Restaurant waste codigestion resulted in neutral outcomes. The synergisim with yeast codigestates may have resulted from trace nutrients (i.e., iron, nickel, and cobalt) in the wastes that increased microbiological activity. Antagonist outcomes with deicing waste may have been the result of organic overload or inhibitory deicer constituents. Codigestion of wastes at the feed rates investigated was estimated to produce 0.50 ML/d of methane having an energy equivalent of 17 500 MJ/d. This was estimated to reduce net carbon dioxide emissions by 560 tonnes/y.
authors.affiliation: Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA. Daniel.Zitomer@mu.edu
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Zitomer
authors.forename: Prasoon
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heisel
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dineen
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D002947:Cities; D003246:Conservation of Energy Resources / Q000379:methods*; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D006801:Humans; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D008697:Methane