title: [Anatomic study and clinical application of sural neuro-myocutaneous compound flap transposition].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the anatomical study and clinical applications of sural neuron-myocutaneous flap transposition for repairing the special patients with soft tissue defect in foot and ankle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The branches, distributions and anastomoses of the vessels and nerves lie in superficial layer of the posterior crural region were observed on 30 sides of adult cadaver lower limb specimens perfused with red latex. Since February 2004, distally based sural neuron-myocutaneous flap was applied for repairing 7 cases of soft tissue defect in foot and ankle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nutrient vessels of sural nerve, small saphenous vein and posterior femoral cutaneous nerve anastomosed permanently with the musculocutaneous perforators of medial and lateral head of gastrocnemius. There were 2 - 3 anastomoses found respectively. The musculocutaneous perforators pierced the two heads of gastrocnemius muscle (1.8 +/- 0.5) cm medially and (3.7 +/- 0.9) cm laterally away from the groove of the muscle. The medial anastomoses more closed to the middle groove and their diameters were found larger than the lateral ones. In operation, we routinely observed the compound flap for 15 to 20 minutes and found actively errhysis on the muscle, so the fine blood circulation in the flap was demonstrated. All flap survived after operation and the cases were followed up 2 to 6 months with cured osteomyelitis and satisfied flap outline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distally based sural neuro-myocutaneous flap can live. The operative method is simple. The flap offers an excellent donor site for repairing the soft tissue defect in foot and ankle in special cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-Xiang
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Ai-Xi
authors.initials: AX
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Guo-Rong
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Xiao-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D013497:Sural Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000294:innervation*