Endosomal sorting complex required for transport proteins in cancer pathogenesis, vesicular transport, and non-endosomal functions.
Endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) proteins form a multicomplex sorting machinery that controls multivesicular body (MVB) formation and the sorting of ubiquitinated membrane proteins to the endosomes. Being sorted to the MVB generally results in the lysosome-dependent degradation of cell-surface receptors, and defects in this machinery induce dysregulated receptor traffic and turnover. Recent lessons from gene targeting and silencing methodologies have implicated the ESCRT in normal development, cell differentiation, and growth, as well as in the budding of certain enveloped viruses. Furthermore, it is becoming apparent that the dysregulation of ESCRT proteins is involved in the development of various human diseases, including many types of cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we summarize the roles of ESCRT proteins in MVB sorting processes and the regulation of tumor cells, and we discuss some of their other functions that are unrelated to vesicular transport.
Tanaka
Nobuyuki
N
Department of Microbiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan. n-tanaka@m.tains.tohoku.ac.jp
Kyuuma
Masanao
M
Sugamura
Kazuo
K
D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000502:physiology; D002453:Cell Cycle; D048749:Cytokinesis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D011992:Endosomes / Q000502:physiology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000502:physiology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000502:physiology; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D022161:Transport Vesicles / Q000502:physiology*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D000099177:Tsg101 Protein
D015820:Cadherins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025801:Ubiquitin; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D000099177:Tsg101 Protein