title: A pilot study of docetaxel and trofosfamide as second-line 'metronomic' chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a chemotherapy containing docetaxel and oral trofosfamide as a 'metronomic' secondline treatment of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  21 patients with stage IV disease NSCLC who had progressed under first-line chemotherapy were enrolled. Previous chemotherapy was platinum-based in 15 patients (71.4%), whereas 6 patients (28.6%) had received platinum-free combination chemotherapy. Patients received docetaxel 25 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks plus trofosfamide 50 mg per day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 62 chemotherapy cycles were administered. The median number of cycles per patient was 3. The overall response rate to chemotherapy was 19%, median overall survival was 6.9 months, the median progression-free survival 2.9 months, the 1-year survival rate 28.6%, and the 2-year survival rate 7.1%. No grade IV toxicity was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the combination of docetaxel and trofosfamide in a metronomic schedule is active and well tolerable as second-line therapy in patients with metastatic NSCLC. The concept of metronomic chemotherapy promises to be a valuable addition to the existing treatment options in NSCLC and warrants further investigation in phase III studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Hematology, Bone Marrow Transplantation with the Section of Pneumology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. michael.goern@iorc.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Görn
authors.forename: Christian R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Habermann
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anige
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Thöm
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schuch
authors.forename: Birte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Andritzky
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brandl
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Burkholder
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Edler
authors.forename: Dieter Kurt
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Hossfeld
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bokemeyer
authors.forename: Eckart
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Laack
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000639:trends; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; C003726:trofosfamide