title: The healing socket and socket regeneration.
abstract: Tooth extraction is a common procedure in dentistry. The normal healing response to the procedure results in a significant loss of bone and collapse of the surrounding gingiva. In addition to normal healing, a substantial percentage of extraction sites suffer postoperative complications. This article presents histology that supports the concept that the first response to extraction is bone death and resorption of the socket wall. The stages of extraction socket healing also will be discussed. Additionally, the article will present a regenerative method that skips the resorptive phase, the clotting phase, the granulation of tissue phase, and the collagen-producing phase of normal extraction-socket healing, while avoiding extraction-socket complications.
authors.affiliation: Steiner Laboratories, Kapolei, Hawaii, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory Gene
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burrell
authors.forename: Melissa P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Kallet
authors.forename: Dainon Michael
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Roslynn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Macias
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000502:physiology; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000502:physiology*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C529374:socket graft; C020243:calcium phosphate