UBX domain proteins: major regulators of the AAA ATPase Cdc48/p97.
The highly conserved AAA ATPase Cdc48/p97 acts on ubiquitylated substrate proteins in cellular processes as diverse as the fusion of homotypic membranes and the degradation of misfolded proteins. The 'Ubiquitin regulatory X' (UBX) domain-containing proteins constitute the so far largest family of Cdc48/p97 cofactors. UBX proteins are involved in substrate recruitment to Cdc48/p97 and in the temporal and spatial regulation of its activity. In combination with UBX-like proteins and other cofactors, they can assemble into a large variety of Cdc48/p97-cofactor complexes possessing distinct cellular functions. This review gives an overview of the different subfamilies of UBX proteins and their functions, and discusses general principles of Cdc48/p97 regulation by these cofactors.
Schuberth
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Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, EMBL Heidelberg, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany. schubert@embl.de
Buchberger
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D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D000074405:Valosin Containing Protein
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D000074405:Valosin Containing Protein