title: Genetic variation in the nuclear factor kappaB pathway in relation to susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine genetic association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and known polymorphisms in core genes of the nuclear factor (NF)kappaB pathway, the major intracellular pathway in RA pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Discovery and replication sample sets of Spanish patients with RA and controls were studied. A total of 181 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) uniformly spaced along the genomic sequences of 17 core genes of the NFkappaB pathway (REL, RELA, RELB, NFKB1, NFKB2, NFKBIA, NFKBIB, NFKBIE, IKBKA, IKBKB, IKBKE, IKBKAP, KBRAS1, KBRAS2, MAP3K1, MAP3K14, TAX1BP1) were studied by mass spectrometry analysis complemented with 5'-nuclease fluorescence assays in the discovery set, 458 patients with RA and 657 controls. SNPs showing nominal significant differences were further investigated in the replication set of 1189 patients with RA and 1092 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No clear reproducible association was found, although 12 SNPs in IKBKB, IKBKE and REL genes showed significant association in the discovery set. Interestingly, two of the SNPs in the IKBKE gene, weakly associated in the discovery phase, showed a trend to significant association in the replication phase. Pooling both sample sets together, the association with these two SNPs was significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We did not find any major effect among the explored members of the NFkappaB pathway in RA susceptibility. However, it is possible that variation in the IKBKE gene could have a small effect that requires replication in additional studies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Investigacion 2 and Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Clinico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dieguez-Gonzalez
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calaza
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Perez-Pampin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Costas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vicario
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Velloso
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Narvaez
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joven
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Herrero-Beaumont
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Alvaro
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Gutierrez
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: de la Serna
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carreño
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopez-Longo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caliz
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Collado-Escobar
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Lopez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balsa
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pascual-Salcedo
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gomez-Reino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000235:genetics; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496565:IKBKE protein, human