title: Influence of socioeconomic status and gender on stroke treatment and diagnostics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Female patients and patients with a lower level socioeconomic status (SES) often experience less favorable health outcomes. We aimed to investigate whether gender and socioeconomic status of patients with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack are associated with different diagnostic and treatment strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The risk factors of interest were gender and SES. We predefined our diagnostic and treatment end points according to current stroke guidelines and used multivariate models to adjust for age, stroke severity, and comorbidities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2606 patients were included in the analysis. Women were less likely to receive antiplatelet agents within the first 48 hours after admission (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.89) and more likely to have their blood glucose measured on admission than men (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.1 to 2.1). With higher SES patients were more likely to receive a TTE or TTE during hospital stay. Women were almost twice as likely to receive a prescription for antidepressants at discharge OR of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.48 to 2.59).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Socioeconomic status and gender are associated with some diagnostic and treatment differences of acute ischemic stroke. Most pronounced were a reduced chance for women to receive antiplatelet therapy on admission and a reduced chance for a TTE and TEE with a lower level of SES, whereas the rate of thrombolysis was unbiased by gender and SES.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Währinger Gürtel 18-20/6D, Austria.
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arrich
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müllner
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lalouschek
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Greisenegger
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crevenna
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Herkner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome