title: [Topical application of morphine and buprenorphine gel has no effect in the sunburn model].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this placebo-controlled double-blinded cross-over study was to investigate the antihyperalgesic effect of topical morphine and buprenorphine in the sunburn pain model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was designed as a double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over trial, separated into 2 parts each with 16 volunteers. In part A morphine dissolved in Ultrabas-ultrasic ointment at 3 concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.4%) and placebo ointment were applied to 4 UVB-induced erythemas on the thighs. In part B buprenorphine at 3 concentrations (0.01, 0.02 and 0.1%) and placebo dissolved in a gel for transcutaneous application, was applied to 4 erythemas on the thighs. Thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia were assessed in the respective erythema by standardized quantitative sensory testing and opioids were compared to the placebo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither morphine nor buprenorphine showed any significant reduction of hyperalgesia in comparison to the placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The topical application of opioids in this form has no effect on inflamed skin.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinik für Anästhesie, Allgemeine Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Wien, Osterreich.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Draxler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sycha
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Valenta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Likar
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gustorff
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013471:Sunburn / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D005782:Gels; D002047:Buprenorphine; D009020:Morphine