title: Human placental growth hormone is increased in maternal serum in pregnancies affected by Down syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between maternal serum levels of human placental growth hormone (hPGH) and fetal Down syndrome at gestational midtrimester.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed samples of serum from 21 women with Down syndrome pregnancies detected at gestational midtrimester. The samples were obtained at 16-23 weeks' gestation during amniocentesis for fetal karyotyping. Sixty-two serum samples were used as controls, which were obtained at 16-23 weeks' gestation from women with singleton, uncomplicated pregnancies, who gave birth to healthy neonates with a birth weight appropriate for gestational age. The hPGH levels were measured by a solid-phase immunoradiometric assay using 2 different epitopes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median hPGH values in the serum of the Down-syndrome-affected pregnancies were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of the normal pregnancies at 16-23 weeks' gestation: the median value in the serum was 9.4 ng/ml (5th to 95th percentiles = 1.49-39.03) versus 4.7 ng/ml (0.53-7.88).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hPGH levels in maternal serum were found to be higher at 16-23 weeks' gestation in pregnancies affected by fetal Down syndrome. Further investigation is needed to examine if maternal serum hPGH could be used as an additional marker in prenatal screening of Down syndrome at gestational midtrimester.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece. bm-pjhkka@otenet.gr
authors.forename: Eleftheria
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sifakis
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giahnakis
authors.forename: Yvoni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fragouli
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karkavitsas
authors.forename: Eugenios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koumantakis
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalmanti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D010926:Placental Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C064980:GH2 protein, human; D010926:Placental Hormones; D013006:Growth Hormone