title: Rodent models of depression: learned helplessness induced in mice.
abstract: Uncontrollable stressors induce a variety of behavioral disturbances that are in many ways reminiscent of the symptoms that characterize clinical depression. These deficits are evident across a range of species, including mice. Given the increasing focus on genetic techniques involving mice to identify the mechanisms subserving these behavioral disturbances (e.g., recombinant, knockout, and transgenic strains), it is of particular interest to provide a detailed description of the method to induce behavioral deficits in response to uncontrollable stressors. This unit describes the procedure used to assess the effects of controllable and uncontrollable shock on subsequent shock escape performance in mice using an escape-delay procedure.
authors.affiliation: Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anisman
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Merali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D004597:Electroshock / Q000009:adverse effects; D004924:Escape Reaction / Q000502:physiology; D005010:Ethology / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006380:Helplessness, Learned; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice / Q000523:psychology*; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D023421:Models, Animal; D011930:Reaction Time; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents