title: [High risk of atherosclerosis in men aged 20-39 from Lodz agglomeration].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the incidence of atherosclerosis risk factors in young men of Lodz city because of the highest in Poland fatality rate of circulatory system diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anamnestic data on actual diseases, smoking, alcohol drinking and physical activity were achieved from 80 men, volunteers aged 20-39 years. Body weight and height, waist and hip circumference and arterial blood pressure were measured. Blood levels of lipids: total cholesterol (TCh), its fractions LDL, and HDL (LDL-Ch, HDL-Ch) ,and triglicerydes (TG), glucose, albumins, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), FSH, LH, total testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) and estradiol were determined. Calculated were body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), free testosterone index (FTI), free and bioactive testosterone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At least 3 atherosclerosis risk factors were simultaneously found in 33.7% of men, of which 22.7% were 20-29-year-old and 47.2% 30-39-year-old subjects. Elevated values of TG were found in 16.2% of men, TCh in 13.7%, LDL-Ch in 7.5% and decreased values of HDL-Ch in 6.2%. Positive significant correlations were found between WHR and TCh (R = 0.39; p = 0.01), LDL-Ch (R = 0.38; p = 0.02), TG (R = 0.41; p = 0.009). WHR negatively correlated with HDL-Ch (R = -0.31; p = 0.04). 50% of men had the excessive body weight. Obese men had abdominal type of obesity in 90%. As many as 62% of subjects had excessive systolic and 21% excessive diastolic arterial blood pressure. Blood pressure positively correlated with body weight (R = 0.51; p < 0.001), BMI (R = 0.51; p < 0.001), waist circumference (R = 0.55; p < 0.001) and WHR (R = 0.44; p < 0.001). In the whole group 35% of subjects led sitting life style and did not report any other physical activity. 57.5% of men were present or past smokers. 44% of men consumed alcohol everyday or almost everyday. FTI diminished with the advancing age, what was connected with the increase in SHBG blood concentration. There were no changes in total, free or bioactive testosterone, or LH and FSH concentrations with the age. Correlations between androgens and lipid profiles were not found. Estradiol blood levels negatively correlated with TG (R = -0.35; p = 0.03) and was significantly lower in 30-39-year-old men than in younger (20-29).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate considerably higher incidence of atherosclerosis risk factors in young men, citizens of Lodz agglomeration, than it was found before for other regions of Poland. This phenomenon increases with the advancing age already between 20 and 39 years. Implementation of intensive prophylactic actions may prevent it.
authors.affiliation: Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lodźi, Zakład Endokrynologii Płodności. slowikowska.hilczer@csk.umed.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Słowikowska-Hilczer
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marchlewska
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Walczak-Jedrzejowska
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oszukowska
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gumińska
authors.forename: Edyta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kramek
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jastrzebska
authors.forename: Eliza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zawadzka
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kula
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Habib
authors.forename: Dagmara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trzuskowska
authors.forename: Lucjusz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jakubowski
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kula
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology