title: Development of a universal nucleobase and modified nucleobases for expanding the genetic code.
abstract: This unit presents protocols for the synthesis and characterization of nucleosides with unnatural bases in order to develop bases for the expansion of the genetic alphabet or for nonselective pairing opposite natural bases. Protocols describe the design, synthesis, and characterization of unnatural base pairs involving 1-beta-D-2-deoxyribosyl-N- and -C-nucleosides. Determination of the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of unnatural nucleosides is accomplished by incorporation into oligonucleotides and subsequent evaluation as described herein.
authors.affiliation: The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.
authors.forename: Floyd E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Romesberg
authors.forename: Chengzhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Allison A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Henry
mesh_terms: D020029:Base Pairing; D005815:Genetic Code; D007700:Kinetics; D008722:Methods; D009705:Nucleosides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D009705:Nucleosides