title: Substance use and related behaviors among suburban late adolescents: the importance of perceived parent containment.
abstract: This study builds upon prior findings of elevated substance use among suburban high school students, examining the ramifications of different parenting dimensions on substance use and related behaviors. The sample consisted of 258 11th graders in an affluent suburban community. Parenting predictors considered included those well-studied previously such as monitoring and closeness, as well as two newer dimensions: perceived containment (stringency of anticipated reactions in reaction to negative behaviors) and perceived commitment (e.g., helping the child despite other commitments). Outcomes included self-reported substance use, delinquency, and rule breaking, as well as teacher-rated inattentiveness and school grades. Findings showed elevated substance use among these 17-year-olds compared with national norms, especially among girls. Of the parent predictors, significant unique links with multiple outcomes were found for parents' knowledge of their children's activities and perceived parental containment (stringent repercussions) in reaction to the children's substance use. Notably, students reported that their parents were much more tolerant of their substance use than of other problem behaviors such as rudeness to adults and minor acts of delinquency. Results are discussed along with the implications for practice and research.
authors.affiliation: Teachers College, Columbia University, Box133, 525 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA. luthar@exchange.tc.columbia.edu
authors.forename: Suniya S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Luthar
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D001290:Attitude; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D009511:New England; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010541:Permissiveness; D011678:Punishment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D012925:Social Conformity; D012951:Socialization; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D013383:Suburban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014477:Underachievement