title: The future of the long-acting beta-adrenergic bronchodilators in the treatment of asthma.
abstract: The combination of long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) bronchodilators with inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) has been shown to be an extremely effective treatment for asthma. Use of LABA as monotherapy for asthma is associated with increased adverse events including exacerbations and asthma deaths. However, intensive evaluation of the combined LABA-ICS therapy provided no signals of increased risk. LABA appears to potentiate the effects of ICS. This provides the opportunity for use a of lower ICS dose for asthma control with less risk of steroid side effects. The combination of formoterol and budesonide used as both maintenance and relief medications may offer superior asthma control with less medication use. The recent introduction of 24-hour LABA, which are in clinical trials, makes possible the concept of very effective once-daily combinations of LABA and ICS, which would be expected to increase patient adherence and improve asthma outcomes. The 24-hour LABA will likely be combined with a 24-hour anticholinergic to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Whether this dual combination with ICS will enhance our treatment of more severe asthma remains an exciting hypothesis to be tested.
authors.affiliation: Texas Tech Regional Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA. immunman@westernskymed.com
authors.forename: Lyndon E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Mansfield
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D016084:Bronchoconstriction; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D010349:Patient Compliance; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2