title: Associations between positive emotion and recovery of functional status following stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Accumulating evidence indicates the beneficial effects of positive emotion on health and general well-being in older age. Less evidence is available on whether positive emotion supports improvement in functional status after an acute medical event such as stroke. This study examined the association between positive emotion at discharge from inpatient medical rehabilitation and functional status 3 months later in persons with stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  A longitudinal study using information from the Stroke Recovery in Underserved Patients database. The study included 823 persons aged 55 years or older with stroke and admitted to an inpatient medical rehabilitation facility. Information was collected during inpatient medical rehabilitation stay and approximately 3 months after discharge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the sample was 72.8 years (SD = 9.5), 51.5% were women and 53.8% were married. The sample was mostly non-Hispanic white (79.2%), followed by non-Hispanic black (15.0%) and Hispanic (5.8%). The average length of stay was 20.1 day (SD = 10.1). In multivariate regression analyses, discharge positive emotion score was significantly associated with higher overall functional status (b = 0.70, SE = 0.21, p = .001) as well as with higher motor (b = 0.37, SE = 0.17, p = .003) and cognitive (b = 0.30, SE = 0.05, p = .0001) status at 3-month follow-up after adjustment for relevant risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate positive emotion is associated with gains in functional status after stroke. Findings have implications for stroke recovery programs and suggest the need to include measures of positive emotion inpatient assessments.
authors.affiliation: Sealy Center on Aging, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom. gostir@utmb.edu
authors.forename: Glenn V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Ostir
authors.forename: Ivonne-Marie
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Berges
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ottenbacher
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clow
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ottenbacher
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006240:Happiness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D012649:Self Concept; D012803:Sick Role; D020521:Stroke / Q000523:psychology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D014481:United States