Monoglycerides and diglycerides synthesis in a solvent-free system by lipase-catalyzed glycerolysis.
Five lipases were screened (Thermomyces lanuginosus free and immobilized forms, Candida antarctica B, Candida rugosa, Aspergillus niger, and Rhizomucor miehei) to study their ability to produce monoglycerides (MG) and diglycerides (DG) through enzymatic glycerolysis of soybean oil. Lipase from C. antarctica was further studied to verify the enzyme load (wt% of oil mass), the molar ratio glycerol/oil, and the water content (wt% of glycerol) on the glycerolysis reaction. The best DG and MG productions were in the range 45-48% and 28-30% (w/w, based on the total oil), respectively. Using immobilized lipases, the amount of free fatty acids (FFA) produced was about 5%. However, the amount of FFA produced when using free lipases, with 3.5% extra water in the system, is equivalent to the MG yield, about 23%. The extra water content provides a competition between hydrolysis and glycerolysis reactions, increasing the FFA production.
Fregolente
Patricia Bogalhos Lucente
PB
Separation Process Development Laboratory, Chemical Engineering School, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paolo, Brazil. lucente@feq.unicamp.br
Fregolente
Leonardo Vasconcelos
LV
Pinto
Gláucia Maria F
GM
Batistella
Benedito César
BC
Wolf-Maciel
Maria Regina
MR
Filho
Rubens Maciel
RM
D004075:Diglycerides / Q000737:chemistry*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000737:chemistry*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry*; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry*; D050178:Monoglycerides / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000737:chemistry*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D004075:Diglycerides; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D050178:Monoglycerides; D012997:Solvents; D013024:Soybean Oil; D008049:Lipase; D005990:Glycerol