title: Monitoring styles in women at risk for cervical cancer: implications for the framing of health-relevant messages.
abstract: We explored the interaction effects of individual attentional style (high versus low monitoring) and the framing of informational messages on the responses of women undergoing diagnostic follow-up (colposcopy) for precancerous cervical lesions. Prior to the colposcopic procedure, patients (N=76) were randomly assigned to one of three preparatory conditions: (a) Loss-framed message, which emphasized the cost of nonadherence to screening recommendations; (b) Gain-framed message, which emphasized the benefit of adherence; and (c) Neutrally-framed message. It was hypothesized that low monitors (who are more positively biased about their health) would show a more adaptive pattern of response to loss-framed information than high monitors (who are more negatively biased about their health). The results of a series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses were consistent with this prediction. Low monitoring was associated with greater knowledge retention (beta=.61, p<.05) and less canceling/rescheduling of follow-up appointments in the loss condition than in the neutral condition (beta=.82, p<.002). High monitoring, however, was associated with greater intrusive ideation when information was presented in the loss-oriented frame as compared to the neutral frame (beta=.99, p<.01). Knowledge retention and screening adherence were not affected by the framing manipulation. The differences between high versus low monitors as a function of loss or neutral frame suggest an interaction effect, wherein both the type of framing message and the individual's attentional style lead to distinctive cognitive-affective and behavioral patterns. The findings may have clinical implications for the tailoring of health messages to the individual's signature style.
authors.affiliation: Psychosocial and Behavioral Medicine Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Cheltenham, PA 19012, USA.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Buzaglo
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Simms
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bales
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Mangan
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Sedlacek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001288:Attention; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D003127:Colposcopy; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D012153:Retention, Psychology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D002575:Uterine Cervicitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000523:psychology