title: Efficacy of oral and parenteral routes of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination against experimental bovine tuberculosis in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus): a feasibility study.
abstract: We investigated the efficacy of oral and parenteral Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin Danish strain 1331 (BCG) in its ability to protect white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) against disease caused by M. bovis infection. Twenty-two white-tailed deer were divided into four groups. One group (n=5) received 10(9) colony-forming units (cfu) BCG via a lipid-formulated oral bait; one group (n=5) received 10(9) cfu BCG in culture directly to the oropharynx, one group (n=6) was vaccinated with 10(6) cfu BCG subcutaneously, and one group served as a control and received culture media directly to the oropharynx (n=6). All animals were challenged 3 mo after vaccination. Five months postchallenge the animals were examined for lesions. Results indicate that both oral forms of BCG and parenterally administered BCG offered significant protection against M. bovis challenge as compared to controls. This study suggests that oral BCG vaccination may be a feasible means of controlling bovine tuberculosis in wild white-tailed deer populations.
authors.affiliation: USDA/APHIS National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA. pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nol
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Aldwell
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Buddle
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Triantis
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Linke
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Thacker
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rhyan
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Dunbar
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Salman
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D003670:Deer / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000662:veterinary; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine