title: Canopy effects droplet size distribution and meteorological change.
abstract: Wind speed fluctuations measured via a 3-dimensional sonic anemometer recording at 10 Hz returned detailed information both above and within the canopy. The information returned facilitated detailed descriptions of atmospheric energy. In short, large energetic motions equal spray transfer into the target zone, the plant canopy. Data are presented on the physical and biological characterization of spray flux. When nontarget mortality was high the conditions were stable, and large volumes of pesticide descended via aircraft vortices and sedimentation. On the neutral night where there was turbulence in the atmosphere a large proportion of the spray was transported from the target, by winds at altitude. Therefore nontarget mortality and the overall volume entering the canopy were low. That chemical, however, which did enter the canopy was well mixed and transported horizontally as opposed to the more vertical sedimentation on the stable night creating more consistent control.
authors.affiliation: J. Mulrennan Public Health Entomology Research and Education Center, College of Engineering Science Technology and Agriculture, Florida A&M University, 4000 Frankford Avenue, Panama City, FL, 32405, USA.
authors.forename: Jane A S
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Latham
authors.forename: Gail
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stout
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D009033:Culicidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods; D014197:Trees / Q000502:physiology*; D014887:Weather
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D007306:Insecticides