title: UBE1DC1, an ubiquitin-activating enzyme, activates two different ubiquitin-like proteins.
abstract: Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins are known to be covalently conjugated to a variety of cellular substrates via a three-step enzymatic pathway. These modifications lead to the degradation of substrates or change its functional status. The ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1) plays a key role in the first step of ubiquitination pathway to activate ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins. Ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1-domain containing 1 (UBE1DC1) had been proved to activate an ubiquitin-like protein, ubiquitin-fold modifier 1 (Ufm1), by forming a high-energy thioester bond. In this report, UBE1DC1 is proved to activate another ubiquitin-like protein, SUMO2, besides Ufm1, both in vitro and in vivo by immunological analysis. It indicated that UBE1DC1 could activate two different ubiquitin-like proteins, SUMO2 and Ufm1, which have no significant similarity with each other. Subcellular localization in AD293 cells revealed that UBE1DC1 was especially distributed in the cytoplasm; whereas UBE1DC1 was mainly distributed in the nucleus when was cotransfected with SUMO2. It presumed that UBE1DC1 greatly activated SUMO2 in the nucleus or transferred activated-SUMO2 to nucleus after it conjugated SUMO2 in the cytoplasm.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Zhenxing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Chaoneng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Yumin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D021381:Protein Transport; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D044764:Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D014452:Ubiquitins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C117909:SUMO2 protein, human; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; C502095:UBA5 protein, human; D014452:Ubiquitins; D044764:Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes