title: Evaluation of cetacean exposure to organotin compounds in Brazilian waters through hepatic total tin concentrations.
abstract: In Brazil, there is no restriction to the use of organotins (OTs). Previous investigations have shown that hepatic SigmaSn in cetaceans is predominantly organic. Hepatic SigmaSn concentrations were determined by GFAAS in 67 cetaceans (13 species) that stranded on Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Espirito Santo (ES) states. Concentrations (in ng/g wet wt.) of marine tucuxis (n=20) from the highly contaminated Guanabara Bay (in RJ) varied from 1703 to 9638. Concentrations of three marine tucuxi foetuses and one newborn calf (all from Guanabara Bay) varied between 431 and 2107. Contrastingly, the maximum level among 19 oceanic dolphins was 346, and 15 out of these 19 specimens presented concentrations below detection limit. The levels of Sn in six marine tucuxis from a less contaminated area (ES) varied from below detection limit to 744. Comparing to the literature, coastal cetaceans from Brazil appear to be highly exposed to OTs.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Radioisótopos Eduardo Penna Franca, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. dornelespr@gmail.com
authors.forename: Paulo R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Dorneles
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lailson-Brito
authors.forename: Marcos A S
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Lara G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: Lupércio A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Alexandre F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: Ana B L
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Fragoso
authors.forename: João P M
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Malm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D004289:Dolphins; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D008019:Life Style; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D012623:Seawater; D013045:Species Specificity; D014001:Tin / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009947:Organotin Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014001:Tin