title: Youthful intoxication: a cross-cultural study of drinking among German and American adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study explores whether and what differences exist between German and American adolescents on levels of alcohol use and on measures of protective factors as well as risk factors with regard to alcohol use consonant with societal and cultural differences.
  
  
  METHODS
  A series of negative binomial regression models of adolescent alcohol use is examined with data from Germany and the United States from the 2003 European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs and Monitoring the Future.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite mean differences in drinking, findings emphasize the significance of deviant peers and perceived risks in both populations. Whereas deviant peers strongly mediate the effects of social bonds, perceived risk and opportunity influence other measures in the model only slightly. Several of the interaction terms used to assess cross-cultural variation are statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Empirically, the current results lend support to the cross-cultural generalizability of the applied criminological theoretical constructs to German adolescents. Theoretically, the findings suggest that any explanation of cross-cultural differences regarding a specific type of problem behavior should include explicit arguments about why the supposed causes are expected to apply to that specific type of behavior in the particular cultural context.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, 1567 Patterson Office Tower, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA. tanja.link@uky.edu
authors.forename: Tanja C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Link
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009769:Object Attachment; D010379:Peer Group; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012931:Social Environment; D012932:Social Facilitation; D012944:Social Support; D012945:Social Values; D014481:United States