Monitoring of adenovirus from conjunctival scrapings in Japan during 2005--2006.
A total of 189 conjunctival scrapings were collected from patients in Tokyo, Japan by monitoring adenovirus infection in community-based clinics during 2005 and 2006. Of the 189 samples, 155 (82%) had adenoviruses detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The serotypes were determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis, using a combination of endonucleases, such as HhaI, AluI, and HaeIII, and neutralization tests (NTs). PCR-RFLP identified five serotypes: serotype 3: 16.8%, serotype 4: 9.7%, serotype 8: 34.8%, serotype 11: 23.2%, and serotype 37: 15.5%. Adenovirus 8 was the most common serotype identified. A subset consisting of 25 isolates identified as adenovirus 8 from this study plus 25 isolates from Kawasaki were analyzed using PCR sequencing of the hexon gene. Compared with prototype adenovirus serotype 8 and serotype 9 derived in Tokyo and Kawasaki, these isolates shared 61.7-62.8% and 80.5-82.7% amino acid homology, respectively, suggesting that a variant adenovirus serotype 8 was involved in this outbreak, and is different from the prototype adenovirus 8 virus. This variant had not been detected in Japan prior to 1996 and appears to be the most common adenovirus type 8 involved in cases of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in Japan at present.
Matsui
Kiyohiko
K
Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0609, USA. kimatsui@utmb.edu
Shimizu
Hideaki
H
Yoshida
Atsushi
A
Nagaoka
Emi
E
Nishio
Osamu
O
Okuda
Kenji
K
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000821:virology*; D003236:Conjunctivitis, Viral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; C018315:hexon capsid protein, Adenovirus