title: [Etiology of community-acquired lower urinary infections and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli: a national surveillance study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The increasing rates of resistance exhibited by uropathogens represent a serious problem. The aim of this study was to determine, in Spain, the etiology of community-acquired lower urinary infections and antimicrobial resistance of Escherichia coli isolates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective multicenter study conducted between February and June 2006, in 15 microbiology laboratories located in 9 autonomous regions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 3,109 isolates were recovered. E. coli was the most frequent (70.8%), followed by Klebsiella spp (6.8%) Proteus spp (6.6%), and Enterococcus spp (5.5%). The resistant rate of E. coli for phosphomycin was 1.7%, 3.8% nitrofurantoin, 6.9% cefexime, 8.1% amoxicillin-clavulanic, 8.9% cefuroxime, and 23.9% ciprofloxacin. The 5.2% were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- producing microorganisms. Resistance of E. coli to ciprofloxacin was lower in people younger than 40 years (6.7% vs 33.9% in > 60, p < 0.001), and in some regions (12.5% in Galicia vs 37.3% in Valencia). ESBL-producing E.coli was higher in people older than 60 years (79.1% vs 7% in < 40, p < 0.001), and exhibited geographic variations (18.4% in Valencia, 0.8% in Galicia). The 68.6% of ESBL-producing E.coli were resistant to cotrimoxazole, 72.2% to ciprofloxacin vs 10.6% to nitrofurantoin and 1.9% to phosphomycin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increasing rates of resistance and cross-resistance of this study make evident a real problem that strengthens the need for a reevaluation of the empiric treatment of lower urinary infections.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, España. anandreu@vhebron.net
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andreu
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Planells
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents