Methods in studying ECM degradation.
Almost all tissues in our body contain specific cells associated with the tissue itself, and an extracellular matrix (ECM) that consists of a variety of proteins of which the bulk is formed by different types of collagens, glycoproteins and proteoglycans. The ECM plays a pivotal role in numerous processes not only related to the mechanical properties of a tissue, but also in modulating cellular activity. For a proper functioning of a tissue remodeling of the ECM is essential. Some connective tissues are characterized by a very rapid turnover (e.g. periodontal ligament) whereas others hardly show signs of turnover (e.g. cartilage). In all situations degradation of the ECM constituents occur. Under certain conditions, especially during a pathological situation, a high level of degradation may take place. In other situations matrix synthesis and deposition outstrips breakdown, leading to a fibrosis. In order to obtain information on the level of degradation of the different ECM components, various methods have been employed. A number of these methods will be discussed in this article.
Everts
Vincent
V
Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Van der Boechorststraat 7, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. V.everts@vumc.nl
Buttle
Dave J
DJ
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003095:Collagen Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D011509:Proteoglycans