title: Analysis of nitric oxide-dependent antimicrobial actions in macrophages and mice.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO*) is a critical component of mammalian host defense that is produced in macrophages and other cells comprising the innate immune system. Isolated mammalian macrophages have been utilized to measure the kinetics of NO production and to demonstrate NO-related antimicrobial actions. Some microorganisms possess enzymes to detoxify nitrogen oxides, and mutant strains lacking these enzymes can be used to demonstrate the importance of these mechanisms for intracellular bacterial survival. This chapter describes techniques with which to analyze the antimicrobial actions of nitric oxide in murine and human macrophages and in laboratory mice.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vazquez-Torres
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stevanin
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jones-Carson
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castor
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: Ferric C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000378:metabolism; D019779:Salmonella enterica
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II