Relations between the mitogen-activated protein kinase and the cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways: comradeship and hostility.
Inter- and intracellular communications and responses to environmental changes are pivotal for the orchestrated and harmonious operation of multi-cellular organisms. These well-tuned functions in living organisms are mediated by the action of signal transduction pathways, which are responsible for receiving a signal, transmitting and amplifying it, and eliciting the appropriate cellular responses. Mammalian cells posses numerous signal transduction pathways that, rather than acting in solitude, interconnect with each other, a phenomenon referred to as cross-talk. This allows cells to regulate the distribution, duration, intensity and specificity of the response. The cAMP/cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) pathway and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades modulate common processes in the cell and multiple levels of cross-talk between these signalling pathways have been described. The first- and best-characterized interconnections are the PKA-dependent inhibition of the MAPKs ERK1/2 mediated by RAF-1, and PKA-induced activation of ERK1/2 interceded through B-RAF. Recently, novel interactions between components of these pathways and new mechanisms for cross-talk have been elucidated. This review discusses both known and novel interactions between compounds of the cAMP/PKA and MAPKs signalling pathways in mammalian cells.
Gerits
Nancy
N
Department of Microbiology and Virology, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
Kostenko
Sergiy
S
Shiryaev
Alexey
A
Johannessen
Mona
M
Moens
Ugo
U
D000818:Animals; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C111049:MAP-kinase-activated kinase 5; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases