title: Cross-sectional associations of C-reactive protein with vascular risk factors and vascular complications in the DCCT/EDIC cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationships between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and features of Type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum CRP was measured by nephelometry in a cross-sectional study of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) cohort (n=983) and nondiabetic subjects (n=71).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CRP levels [geometric mean (95% CI)] were higher in diabetic than in control subjects, 1.6 (1.5-1.7) vs. 1.2 (1.1-1.5) mg/l, P=.019. CRP was higher in diabetic women (n=438) than in men (n=545) [2.0 (1.8-2.3) vs. 1.3 (1.2-1.5), P<.001]. Diabetic subjects formerly in the DCCT intensive treatment group had higher CRP levels than those who were randomized to the conventional treatment group [1.8 (1.6-1.9), n=479 vs. 1.5 (1.3-1.6), n=456, P=.010], attributable to greater BMI in the prior intensive group. In diabetes, CRP correlated with HbA(1c) (r=0.13, P<.0001) and with insulin resistance traits: BMI (r=0.34, P<.0001), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR; males: r=0.35, P<.0001; females: r=0.22, P<.0001), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.07, P=.025), triglycerides (r=0.19, P<.0001), apoB (r=0.22, P<.0001), LDL particle concentration (r=0.26, P<.0001), and LDL particle size (r=-0.22, P<.0001). CRP was not associated with complications. Significant independent predictors of CRP in diabetes were gender, BMI, WHR, concurrent HbA(1c), and oral contraceptive pill use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CRP was elevated relative to nondiabetic subjects, and in diabetes was higher in females. Elevated CRP in Type 1 diabetes was associated with poor glycemic control, larger body habitus, and other factors that comprise the insulin resistance syndrome. Nevertheless, CRP levels were not associated with complications. Longitudinal studies are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Medical Genetics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. jenkinsa@medstv.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: Alicia J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rothen
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moller
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Eldridge
authors.forename: Deyi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Durazo-Arvizu
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McGee
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lackland
authors.forename: Suzanne R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Thorpe
authors.forename: W Timothy
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Garvey
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lyons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008055:Lipids