title: Associations between strain in domestic work and self-rated health: a study of employed women in Sweden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyse the association between strain in domestic work and self-rated health among employed women in Sweden, using two different methods of measuring strain in domestic work.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire data were collected on health and living conditions in paid and unpaid work for employed women (n=1,417), aged 17-64 years. "Domestic job strain'' was an application of the demand-control model developed by Karasek and Theorell, and "Domestic work equity and marital satisfaction'' was measured by questions on the division of and responsibility for domestic work and relationship with spouse/cohabiter. Self-rated health was measured using the SF-36 Health Survey. Associations were analysed by bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses, and reported as standardized regression coefficients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher strain in domestic work was associated with lower self-rated health, also after controlling for potential confounders and according to both strain measures. "Domestic work equity and marital satisfaction'' showed for example negative associations with mental health beta -0.211 (p<0.001), vitality beta -0.195 (p<0.001), social function -0.132 (p<0.01) and physical role beta -0.115 (p<0.01). The highest associations between "Domestic job strain'' and SF-36 were found for vitality beta -0.156 (p<0.001), mental health beta -0.123 (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strain in domestic work, including perceived inequity in the relationship and lack of a satisfactory relationship with a spouse/cohabiter, was associated with lower self-rated health in this cross-sectional study. Future research needs to address the specific importance of strain in domestic work as a contributory factor to women's ill-health.
authors.affiliation: Social Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Sweden. carin.nyman@socmed.gu.se
authors.forename: Carin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Staland-Nyman
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alexanderson
authors.forename: Gunnel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hensing
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D054541:Family Conflict; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006796:Household Work; D006801:Humans; D008393:Marriage; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D012649:Self Concept; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D016387:Women's Health; D014931:Women, Working / Q000523:psychology; D016526:Workload