title: Glucosamine-carrying temperature- and pH-sensitive microgels: preparation, characterization, and in vitro drug release studies.
abstract: Glucosamine-carrying temperature- and pH-sensitive microgels with an average diameter of about 100 nm were successfully prepared by free radical precipitation polymerization. The thermo- and pH-responsive properties of the microgels were designed by the incorporation of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylic acid (AAc) to copolymerize with acrylamido-2-deoxyglucose (AADG). The stimuli sensitivity of the microgels was studied by the measurement of their sizes and volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) under different surrounding conditions. The results showed that the microgels were responsive to temperature, pH, and ionic strength, and could have a desired VPTT by modifying AADG and AAc contents. The effect of temperature and pH on insulin release from the microgels was also investigated. The release of drug at the tumor-surrounding environment is faster than that under normal physiological conditions. A preliminary in vitro cell study showed that the glucosamine-carrying microgels are more biocompatible to mouse fibroblast cells, compared to the microgels without glucosamine. These glucosamine-carrying dual-sensitive microgels may be promising carriers for targeted drug delivery to tumors.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry Education, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, Nankai University, 94# Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Dayong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Jingli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Xinge
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chaoxing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000737:chemistry; D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry; D005782:Gels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D000179:Acrylates; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005609:Free Radicals; D005782:Gels; D007328:Insulin; D011108:Polymers; D003847:Deoxyglucose; C067295:N-isopropylacrylamide; C036658:acrylic acid; D005944:Glucosamine