Evaluation of analgesic effect of skin-to-skin contact compared to oral glucose in preterm neonates.
Nonpharmacological interventions are important alternatives for pain relief during minor procedures in preterm neonates. Skin-to-skin contact or kangaroo mother care is a human and efficient way of caring for low-weight preterm neonates. The aim of the present study was to assess the analgesic effect of kangaroo care compared to oral glucose on the response of healthy preterm neonates to a low-intensity acute painful stimulus. Ninety-five preterm neonates with a postmenstrual age of 28-36 weeks were randomly assigned to three groups in a single-blind manner. In group 1 (isolette, n=33), the neonate was in the prone position in the isolette during heel lancing and did not receive analgesia. In group 2 (kangaroo method, n=31), the neonate was held in skin-to-skin contact for 10 min before and during the heel-lancing procedure. In group 3 (glucose, n=31), the neonate was in the prone position in the isolette and received oral glucose (1 ml, 25%) 2 min before heel lancing. A smaller variation in heart rate (p=0.0001) and oxygen saturation (p=0.0012), a shorter duration of facial activity (brow bulge, eye squeeze and nasolabial furrowing) (p=0.0001), and a lower PIPP (Premature Infant Pain Profile) score (p=0.0001) were observed in group 2. In conclusion, skin-to-skin contact produced an analgesic effect in preterm newborns during heel lancing.
de Sousa Freire
Nájala Borges
NB
Faculty of Physiotherapy - CEST - São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Service, Maranhão Federal University Hospital, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil Department of Neonatology, Maranhão Federal University Hospital, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil.
Garcia
João Batista Santos
JBS
Lamy
Zeni Carvalho
ZC
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D018730:Infant Behavior / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D007224:Infant Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology*
D005947:Glucose