title: Exploring moderators of the relationship between physical activity behaviors and television viewing in elementary school children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous research suggests that there is limited evidence to support a negative association between physical activity (PA) behaviors and television (TV) viewing time in children. The purpose of this study was to extend the research involving PA-TV viewing relationships and to explore potential moderators, including gender, ethnicity, weekday/ weekend behaviors, structured/unstructured activities, and seasonal variability.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 9-month longitudinal design, across one school year, with assessments every 3 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Elementary schools in the Vancouver and Richmond districts of British Columbia, Canada. Subjects. Subjects (N = 344; 47% female) were 9- to 11-year-old children who participated in a school-based PA initiative from September 2003 to June 2004.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assessments of PA were measured using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children. TV viewing time and structured PA were measured using a self-report questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  Basic descriptives, Pearson r bivariate correlations and moderated multiple regressions with mean centered variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant interaction effects were found for any of the proposed moderators. Null bivariate correlations are supportive of findings in previous literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results did not find support for PA-TV viewing relations, regardless of gender, ethnicity, structured PA, and seasonal variability. PA interventions aimed at modifying sedentary behaviors, such as TV viewing, may not be warranted.
authors.affiliation: School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria British Columbia, Canada. nikks@uvic.ca
authors.forename: Nicole E I
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Ryan E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: Patti-Jean
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Naylor
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: McKay
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D001955:British Columbia; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006293:Health Promotion; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D010809:Physical Fitness; D016730:Program Development; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools; D012737:Sex Factors; D040241:Social Marketing; D013334:Students; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013690:Television