title: Disciplinary discourses: rates of cesarean section explained by medicine, midwifery, and feminism.
abstract: In the context of international concern about increasing rates of cesarean sections, we used discourse analysis to examine explanations arising from feminism and the disciplines of medicine and midwifery, and found that each was positioned differently in relation to the rising rates. Medical discourses asserted that doctors are authorities on birth and that, although cesareans are sometimes medically necessary, women recklessly choose unnecessary cesareans against medical advice. Midwifery discourses portrayed medicine as paternalistic toward both women and midwifery, and feminist discourses situated birth and women's bodies in the context of a patriarchally structured society. The findings illustrate the complex ways in which this intervention in birth is discursively constructed, and demonstrate its significance as a site of disciplinary conflict.
authors.affiliation: Key Centre for Women's Health in Society, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Amy Su May
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Maggie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirkman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000451:nursing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003657:Decision Making; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D019513:Feminism; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008427:Maternal Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D008880:Midwifery / Q000458:organization & administration; D009321:Natural Childbirth / Q000451:nursing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016387:Women's Health; D014933:Women's Rights