title: Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-kappa B activation in nitric oxide-induced interleukin-8 expression in human pulp cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on interleukin-8 (IL-8) production and the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) signaling pathways in primary cultured human pulp cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  IL-8 production was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. MAPK activation and IkappaB degradation and phosphorylation were determined by western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an NO donor, has increased IL-8 secretion and mRNA expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner. SNP induced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK), degradation and phosphorylation of IkappaB, and activation of NF-kappaB. Furthermore, inhibition of the ERK, p38, and NF-kappaB pathways blocked SNP-induced IL-8 secretion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human pulp cells showed NO-induced IL-8 expression via the MAPK and NF-kappaB pathways, which may play an important role in the inflammatory responses of pulp and periapical lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-San
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Hyun-Il
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hoon-Sang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hyung-Ryong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Ock
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Pae
authors.forename: Hun-Taeg
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Seung-Heon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hong-In
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Chan-Ui
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Suk-Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun-Cheol
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011671:Pulpitis / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases