title: External carotid artery to middle cerebral artery bypass with the saphenous vein graft.
abstract: Patients with occlusive cerebrovascular disease who have failed maximal medical therapy, which consists of antiplatelet agents as well as maximizing modifiable risk factors such as blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking cessation, and obesity, and whose lesions are not amenable or have not responded to the more common vascular procedures (i.e., carotid endarterectomy or stenting) are considered candidates for an extracranial-intracranial bypass. Additionally, for a patient to be a candidate, he/she must have an adequate graft vessel. Typically, this vessel is the superficial temporal artery. However, oftentimes, the superficial temporal artery is an inadequate vessel or the patient requires a high-flow conduit. It is in these patients that use of the saphenous vein should be considered. In this report, we detail the technical aspects of performing an extracranial-intracranial bypass by using a saphenous vein graft.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA.
authors.forename: Erica F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Bisson
authors.forename: Agostino J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Visioni
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tranmer
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Horgan
mesh_terms: D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000601:surgery*; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*