title: [Temperature differences of air-rice plant under different irrigated water depths at spiking stage].
abstract: With rice cultivars Yangdao 6, Yangjing 9538 and Wuxiangjing 14 as test materials, field experiment was conducted to study the effects of 3 irrigated water depths (0 cm, 2-4 cm, and > 10 cm) on the temperature of different parts of rice plant at spiking stage. The results showed that from 10:30 to 15:00 on sunny days, irrigated water depth on paddy field had significant effects on the temperature of field surface, middle part of rice plant, and rice spike. The higher the water depth on field surface, the lower the temperature of rice plant and rice spike. At the water level > 10 cm, the average temperature differences between air and the rice spike, middle part of rice plant and field surface of these three cultivars were 1.37, 2.98 and 4.12 degrees C higher than those at the water depth of 0 cm, and 0.67, 1.59 and 2.17 degrees C higher than those at the water depth of 2-4 cm, respectively. In addition, the temperature differences were 0.71, 1.39 and 1.95 degrees C higher at the water depth of 2-4 cm than those at the water depth of 0 cm, respectively. Obvious temperature differences of air-rice plant were also observed among the three rice varieties under different irrigated water depths. The analysis of the characteristics of temperature transfer among field surface, middle part of plant and rice spike indicated that the temperature transfer patterns under all test water management regimes accorded with the principles of energy transfer, suggesting that keeping proper water depth on the field surface at rice spiking stage contributed great to the decrease of rice spike temperature and the alleviation of rice heat injury.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Applied Ecology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. zhangmaoling1979@160.com
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-chu
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yun-lu
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Xin-min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Wei-jian
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods*; D012275:Oryza / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014867:Water