title: The effect of warm-up on high-intensity, intermittent running using nonmotorized treadmill ergometry.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of previous warming on high-intensity intermittent running using nonmotorized treadmill ergometry. Ten male soccer players completed a repeated sprint test (10 x 6-second sprints with 34-second recovery) on a nonmotorized treadmill preceded by an active warm-up (10 minutes of running: 70% VO2max; mean core temperature (Tc) 37.8 +/- 0.2 degrees C), a passive warm-up (hot water submersion: 40.1 +/- 0.2 degrees C until Tc reached that of the active warm-up; 10 minutes +/- 23 seconds), or no warm-up (control). All warm-up conditions were followed by a 10-minute static recovery period with no stretching permitted. After the 10-minute rest period, Tc was higher before exercise in the passive trial (38.0 +/- 0.2 degrees C) compared to the active (37.7 +/- 0.4 degrees C) and control trials (37.2 +/- 0.2 degrees C; p < 0.05). There were no differences in pre-exercise oxygen consumption and blood lactate concentration; however, heart rate was greater in the active trial (p < 0.05). The peak mean 1-second maximum speed (MxSP) and group mean MxSP were not different in the active and passive trials (7.28 +/- 0.12 and 7.16 +/- 0.10 m x s(-1), respectively, and 7.07 +/- 0.33 and 7.02 +/- 0.24 m x s(-1), respectively; p > 0.05), although both were greater than the control. The percentage of decrement in performance fatigue was similar between all conditions (active, 3.4 +/- 1.3%; passive, 4.0 +/- 2.0%; and control, 3.7 +/- 2.4%). We conclude that there is no difference in high-intensity intermittent running performance when preceded by an active or passive warm-up when matched for post-warm-up Tc. However, repeated sprinting ability is significantly improved after both active and passive warm-ups compared to no warm-up.
authors.affiliation: School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom. peter.brown@ntu.ac.uk
authors.forename: Peter I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016552:Ergometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology; D052580:Muscle Stretching Exercises / Q000379:methods*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods*; D010807:Physical Endurance; D011336:Probability; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology