title: Visualization of the retinal image in an eye model with spherical and aspheric, diffractive, and refractive multifocal intraocular lenses.
abstract: To present a method that visually demonstrates how spherical, aspheric, diffractive, and refractive multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) process light received from the cornea.
  
  
  
  Monochromatic green light was projected through an Average Cornea Eye (ACE) Model with a cornea in front of the IOL. The model simulates a human cornea with average spherical aberration and visualizes the converging bundle of light leaving the IOL. Additionally, a US Air Force target was projected through the model, and the projected (retinal) image was captured. Various IOLs of differing designs were evaluated using this test setup. Multifocal IOLs included the aspheric diffractive Tecnis ZM900 and ZMA00 lenses; the refractive ReZoom NXG1 lens; the spherical AcrySof ReSTOR SA60D3 apodized diffractive lens; and the spherical diffractive CeeOn 811E lens. Monofocal IOLs included the spherical CeeOnEdge 911A IOL and the aspheric SofPort LI61AO, AcrySof IQ SN60WF, and Tecnis Z9000 and ZA9003 IOLs.
  
  
  
  The light paths of the different diffractive and refractive multifocal IOLs showed the variations in the processing of incoming light, illustrating the functional differences of IOL concepts. The US Air Force target projections in the ACE Model gave an impression of the functional optical quality of the different lenses. The value of this visualization method was demonstrated by comparing the results with modulation transfer function measurements.
  
  
  
  This visualization technique furthers the understanding of the working principles and quality of the retinal images produced by different mono- and multifocal IOLs.
authors.affiliation: AMO Groningen BV, Groningen, The Netherlands. thom.terwee@amo-inc.com
authors.forename: Thom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terwee
authors.forename: Henk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weeber
authors.forename: Marrie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Mooren
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piers
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008027:Light; D008954:Models, Biological; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects