Transcriptome analysis of Arabidopsis roots treated with signaling compounds: a focus on signal transduction, metabolic regulation and secretion.
Gene expression in response to signaling molecules has been well studied in the leaves of the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. However, knowledge of gene expression and metabolic regulation at the root level is limited. Here, the signaling compounds salicylic acid (SA), methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and nitric oxide (NO) were applied exogenously to induce various defense responses in roots, and their effect was studied using a combination of genomic, molecular and biochemical approaches. Genes involved in defense signaling/activation, cellular redox state, metabolism, transcription factors and membrane transport were altered in expression following treatment with SA, MeJA and NO. In addition, it was found that SA-, MeJA- and NO-elicited roots increased the root exudation of phytochemicals compared with the roots of nontreated control plants. Transport systems likely to be involved in the root exudation of phytochemicals, including the MATE, ABC, MFS, amino acid, sugar and inorganic solute transporters, showed altered expression profiles in response to treatments. Overall, significant differences were found in the signaling compound-elicited expression profiles of genes in roots vs those in leaves. These differences could be correlated to the underground nature of roots and their exposure to higher microbial inoculum rates under natural conditions.
Badri
Dayakar V
DV
Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Loyola-Vargas
Victor M
VM
Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.|Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburna de Hidalgo, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.
Du
Jiang
J
Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Stermitz
Frank R
FR
Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Broeckling
Corey D
CD
Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Iglesias-Andreu
Lourdes
L
Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburna de Hidalgo, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico.|Laboratorio de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada, Universidad Veracruzana, Campos para la Cultura, las Artes y el Deporte, Avenida de las Culturas Veracruzanas No. 101, Colonia Emiliano Zapata, CP 91090, Mexico.
Vivanco
Jorge M
JM
Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000494:pharmacology; D053147:Plant Exudates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D000085:Acetates; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D054883:Oxylipins; D053147:Plant Exudates; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C072239:methyl jasmonate; D020156:Salicylic Acid