Dynamics of acute and memory mucosal and systemic immune responses against HIV-1 envelope following immunizations through single or combinations of mucosal and systemic routes.
In this study, immunizations at 2 weeks vs. 6 weeks intervals, with an HIV-1 envelope protein in adjuvants, through intra-nasal (IN), intra-muscular (IM), IN followed by IM (IN/IM) and IM/IN, were compared for induction of mucosal and systemic immune responses. IN/IM immunizations at 2, but not at 6, week intervals induced the highest mucosal and systemic immune responses compared to other immunization routes. Following a resting memory phase, IN boosting of IN/IM-immunized mice, compared to IM-boosting of IM-immunized mice, induced increased IgA responses. Thus, depending on the immunization intervals, IN/IM may be more effective than IM immunizations for short- and long-term immunity.
Srivastava
Indresh
I
Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, Inc., 4560 Horton Street, M/S 4.3, Emeryville, CA 94563, USA.
Goodsell
Amanda
A
Zhou
Fengmin
F
Sun
Yi
Y
Burke
Brian
B
Barnett
Susan
S
Vajdy
Michael
M
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G