title: Relative responsiveness of physician/assessor-derived and patient-derived core set measures in rheumatoid arthritis trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed whether individual American College of Rheumatology core set measures (CSM), and the CSM grouped as composite patient-derived (CPD) or composite physician/assessor-derived (CMD), performed differently in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) clinical trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used data from 9 RA trials [anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)] in which CSM had been assessed, conducted from the early 1990s to present, with a total of 2969 patients. We grouped the CSM as CPD (pain, patient global assessment, function) and CMD [tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), physician global, inflammatory marker]. Using bootstrap simulation, we estimated the sample size that would be required to distinguish active treatment from placebo with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test in the clinical trials for the outcomes of percentage change of each individual CSM, of the Disease Activity Score (DAS), and average percentage change of the CMD or of the CPD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparing the performance of individual CSM relative to one another, the physician and patient global assessments and TJC would require the lowest sample sizes to distinguish active treatment from placebo, while use of the SJC, inflammatory marker, and function would require the highest. The CMD performed similarly to the DAS, requiring similar sample sizes, while the CPD would require 1.7 times greater sample size to distinguish treatment from placebo. The results were similar across DMARD and anti-TNF-alpha trials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of their demonstrated sensitivity to change, composite measures assessing RA outcomes in clinical trials should continue to include physician/assessor-derived core set measure assessments.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
authors.forename: Tuhina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Neogi
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Felson
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000503:physiopathology; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000503:physiopathology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010361:Patients; D010820:Physicians; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha