title: Principles of signal conditioning.
abstract: It is rare for biological, physiological, chemical, electrical, or physical signals to be measured in the appropriate format for recording and interpretation. Usually, a signal must be conditioned to optimize it for both of these functions. This overview describes the fundamentals of signal filtering, how to prepare signals for A/D conversion, signal averaging to increase the signal-to-noise ratio, line frequency pickup (hum), peak-to-peak and rms noise measurements, blanking, audio monitoring, testing of electrodes and the common-mode rejection ratio.
authors.affiliation: Axon Instruments, Foster City, California, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Finkel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bookman
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D004560:Electricity / Q000009:adverse effects; D004566:Electrodes; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology