title: Hypoxia ischemia affects ultrasonic vocalization in the neonatal rat.
abstract: Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy results in a spectrum of pathologies related to the degree of initial infarct and environmental factors, including maternal interactions. Infants actively influence their environment by crying; rat pups produce ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). Our study observed that ischemic pups engage in less time producing USVs and make fewer USVs overall, with male ischemic pups experiencing reductions in more categories than females. Future studies should consider whether alterations in mother-pup interactions result from these reductions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Canada. Deborah.saucier@uleth.ca
authors.forename: Deborah M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Saucier
authors.forename: Crystal A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ehresman
authors.forename: Avril J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Amber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elderkin
authors.forename: Jerome Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yager
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012737:Sex Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D012934:Social Isolation; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014828:Vocalization, Animal / Q000502:physiology*