title: Prevalence of pre-stroke low bone mineral density and vertebral fracture in first stroke patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  After stroke, many factors contribute to the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture. Pre-stroke low BMD and vertebral fracture may pose a greater risk of fractures and further contribute to additional functional loss. The purposes of this study were to assess pre-stroke BMD and vertebral fracture in patients with first stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients with first stroke events were included. To reflect pre-stroke BMD, the patients who underwent bone densitometry tests within 30 days from stroke onset were selected. BMD was checked at the lumbar spine and both femurs (total hip and femoral neck). Thoracic and lumbar spine X-rays were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 48 stroke patients, 21 (43.8%) had osteoporosis and 19 (39.6%) had osteopenia. X-ray evaluation showed that 12 (25.0%) had one or more lumbar or thoracic vertebral fractures and 8 (16.7%) had two or more vertebral fractures. Of the 12 patients who had one or more vertebral fractures, 4 (33.3%) were previously aware of the fact that they had a vertebral fracture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results showed a high prevalence of pre-stroke low BMD and vertebral fracture in patients experiencing first stroke. Bone loss progresses rapidly in the acute stages of stroke, and such a high prevalence of pre-stroke low BMD and vertebral fracture may pose a greater risk of fractures and further contribute to additional functional loss. Therefore, early screening and active management of osteoporosis from the acute stages of stroke is critical.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bobath Memorial Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Young Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Ah
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Im
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Gu, Seoul 137-701, South Korea. Electronic address: ljikyh@catholic.ac.kr.
authors.forename: Jong In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011859:Radiography; D012306:Risk; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications*