Aluminum-mediated metabolic changes in rat serum and urine: a proton nuclear magnetic resonance study.
The toxic effects of Al(3+) have been studied in 90-days AlCl(3) orally treated male albino rats (n = 7) using (1)H NMR spectroscopy-based metabolic profile of rat serum and urine, serum enzyme tests, behavioral impairment, and histopathology of kidney and liver. Metabolic profile of 90-days Al(3+)-treated rat sera showed significantly elevated levels of alanine, glutamine, beta-hydroxy-butyrate, and acetoacetate and significantly decreased level of acetone when compared with that of control rats. However, metabolic profile of 90-days Al(3+)-treated rat urine showed significantly decreased levels of citrate, creatinine, allantoin, trans-aconitate, and succinate and significantly increased level of acetate when compared to control rats. The overall perturbations observed in the metabolic profile of serum and urine demonstrate the impairment in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, liver and kidney metabolism, which was further reinstated by clinical chemistry and histopathological observations. Moreover, "in vivo" behavioral impairment has also been observed as the indication of aluminum neurotoxicity.
Tripathi
Sandeep
S
Department of Biochemistry, Chattrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Somashekar
B S
BS
Mahdi
Abbas Ali
AA
Gupta
Ashish
A
Mahdi
Farzana
F
Hasan
Mahdi
M
Roy
Raja
R
Khetrapal
C L
CL
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood*; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood*; D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood*; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011522:Protons; D051381:Rats; D016482:Urinalysis
D011522:Protons; D000535:Aluminum; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase