title: Quantitative ultrasound in the management of osteoporosis: the 2007 ISCD Official Positions.
abstract: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is commonly used in the care of patients for diagnostic classification of osteoporosis, low bone mass (osteopenia), or normal bone density; assessment of fracture risk; and monitoring changes in bone density over time. The development of other technologies for the evaluation of skeletal health has been associated with uncertainties regarding their applications in clinical practice. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS), a technology for measuring properties of bone at peripheral skeletal sites, is more portable and less expensive than DXA, without the use of ionizing radiation. The proliferation of QUS devices that are technologically diverse, measuring and reporting variable bone parameters in different ways, examining different skeletal sites, and having differing levels of validating data for association with DXA-measured bone density and fracture risk, has created many challenges in applying QUS for use in clinical practice. The International Society for Clinical Densitometry (ISCD) 2007 Position Development Conference (PDC) addressed clinical applications of QUS for fracture risk assessment, diagnosis of osteoporosis, treatment initiation, monitoring of treatment, and quality assurance/quality control. The ISCD Official Positions on QUS resulting from this PDC, the rationale for their establishment, and recommendations for further study are presented here.
authors.affiliation: Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. marc-antoine.krieg@chuv.ch <marc-antoine.krieg@chuv.ch>
authors.forename: Marc-Antoine
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Krieg
authors.forename: Reinhart
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barkmann
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gonnelli
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Douglas C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Del Rio Barquero
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lorenc
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Wojciech P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Olszynski
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poiana
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Schott
authors.forename: E Michael
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lewiecki
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hans
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000592:standards*