title: Drosophila Uri, a PP1alpha binding protein, is essential for viability, maintenance of DNA integrity and normal transcriptional activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is involved in diverse cellular processes, and is targeted to substrates via interaction with many different protein binding partners. PP1 catalytic subunits (PP1c) fall into PP1alpha and PP1beta subfamilies based on sequence analysis, however very few PP1c binding proteins have been demonstrated to discriminate between PP1alpha and PP1beta.
  
  
  RESULTS
  URI (unconventional prefoldin RPB5 interactor) is a conserved molecular chaperone implicated in a variety of cellular processes, including the transcriptional response to nutrient signalling and maintenance of DNA integrity. We show that Drosophila Uri binds PP1alpha with much higher affinity than PP1beta, and that this ability to discriminate between PP1c forms is conserved to humans. Most Uri is cytoplasmic, however we found some protein associated with active RNAPII on chromatin. We generated a uri loss of function allele, and show that uri is essential for viability in Drosophila. uri mutants have transcriptional defects, reduced cell viability and differentiation in the germline, and accumulate DNA damage in their nuclei.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uri is the first PP1alpha specific binding protein to be described in Drosophila. Uri protein plays a role in transcriptional regulation. Activity of uri is required to maintain DNA integrity and cell survival in normal development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK. jasmin.kirchner@zoo.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kirchner
authors.forename: Emese
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vissi
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Balazs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Szoor
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rudenko
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alphey
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: White-Cooper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000254:growth & development; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000502:physiology*; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1