title: Association of the -250G/A promoter polymorphism of the hepatic lipase gene with the risk of peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the association between a polymorphism in the hepatic lipase (LIPC) gene promoter and the presence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in persons with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 120 type 2 diabetics and identified those with PAD according to the ankle-arm index. The G-250A polymorphisms in the promoter of the LIPC gene were studied by PCR restriction. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between the rare allele and PAD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of PAD was 19%. The frequency of the -250A allele was 0.211 in the group without PAD and 0.395 in the group with PAD (P<.05). Carriers of the -250A allele differed only in the ankle-arm index (0.92+/-0.12 for carriers vs. 1.00+/-0.12 for noncarriers, P<.05), with the difference remaining significant after adjustment for covariates (age; sex; waist-to-hip ratio; body mass index; duration of diabetes; smoking; hypertension; glycated hemoglobin; triglycerides; HDL cholesterol; LDL cholesterol; small, dense LDL cholesterol). Only smoking [odds ratio (OR)=6.93, 95% confidence interval (CI)=2.12-22.69, P=.001] and the -250A allele (OR=2.89, 95% CI=1.07-7.84, P=.036) were significantly associated with vascular disease in the logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with type 2 diabetes who are carriers of the rare -250A allele in the promoter of the hepatic lipase gene are susceptible to PAD.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Departamento de Medicina y Dermatologia, Universidad de Málaga, 29010-Málaga, Spain. valdivielso@uma.es
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valdivielso
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ariza
authors.forename: Cristobal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de la Vega-Román
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: González-Alegre
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rioja
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ulzurrun
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: González-Santos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: C504173:LIPC protein, human; D008049:Lipase