title: Polymorphisms in CYP1B1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1, and susceptibility to breast cancer.
abstract: Polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) drug metabolic enzymes, which are responsible for metabolic activation/detoxification of estrogen and environmental carcinogens, were analyzed for their association with breast cancer risk in 541 cases and 635 controls from a North Carolina population. Each polymorphism, altering the catalytic function of their respective enzymes, was analyzed in Caucasian and African-American women. As reported in previous studies, individual polymorphisms did not significantly impact breast cancer risk in either Caucasian or African-American women. However, African-American women exhibited a trend towards a protective effect when they had at least one CYP1B1 119S allele (OR=0.53; 95% CI=0.20-1.40) and increased risk for those women harboring at least one CYP1B1 432V allele (OR=5.52; 95% CI=0.50-61.37). Stratified analyses demonstrated significant interactions in younger (age < or =60) Caucasian women with the CYP1B1 119SS genotype (OR=3.09; 95% CI=1.22-7.84) and younger African-American women with the GSTT1 null genotype (OR=4.07; 95% CI=1.12-14.80). A notable trend was also found in Caucasian women with a history of smoking and at least one valine allele at GSTP1 114 (OR=2.12; 95% CI=1.02-4.41). In Caucasian women, the combined GSTP1 105IV/VV and CYP1B1 119AA genotypes resulted in a near 2-fold increase in risk (OR=1.96; 95% CI=1.04-3.72) and the three way combination of GSTP1 105IV/VV, CYP1B1 119AS/SS and GSTT1 null genotypes resulted in an almost 4-fold increase in risk (OR=3.97; 95% CI=1.27-12.40). These results suggest the importance of estrogen/carcinogen metabolic enzymes in the etiology of breast cancer, especially in women before the age of 60, as well as preventative measures such as smoking cessation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Beth O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Van Emburgh
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Libyadda J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Mosley
authors.forename: Nancy D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Perrier
authors.forename: Rita I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Freimanis
authors.forename: Glenn O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: Gary B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Sherrill
authors.forename: Cindy S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Lynda R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Sawyer
authors.forename: Mark Steven
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D065633:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D065633:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C585496:CYP1B1 protein, human; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1