title: Odor reduction rate in the confinement pig building by spraying various additives.
abstract: The objective of this on-site experiment was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of currently utilized various additives, i.e. tap water, salt water, digested manure, microbial additive, soybean oil, artificial spice and essential oil, to reduce odor emissions from the confinement pig building. Odor reduction rates were evaluated with respect to sensual odor (odor concentration index, odor intensity and odor offensiveness) and odorous compounds (ammonia and sulfuric odorous compounds). Of the additives investigated in this study, salt water, artificial spice and essential oil had a positive effect on reducing odor generation. The effectiveness of salt water was only observed on ammonia, showing the reduction rates as a function of time (t=immediately, 1h, 3h, 5h, and 24h after spraying) were 0.1%, 20%, 36%, 11% and 0.2% as compared to initial level before spraying. The odor intensity and offensiveness were lessened by spraying artificial spice and essential oil of which maximum reduction rates ranged from 60% to 80%. Additionally, the essential oil had a significant effect on reducing sulfuric odorous compounds for 24h after spraying, which implicates that it functioned as not only a masking agent but also as an antimicrobial agent.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental and Industrial Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Republic of Korea. kkysnu5@empal.com
authors.forename: Ki-Youn
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Han-Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Hyeon-Tae
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoon-Shin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Man
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Cheol-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chi-Nyon
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004777:Environment; D008372:Manure; D009812:Odorants; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D010938:Plant Oils; D014867:Water