title: Chondroitin sulphate for symptomatic osteoarthritis: critical appraisal of meta-analyses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chondroitin sulphate (CS) is an important structural component of cartilage and is approved and regulated as a symptomatic slow-acting drug for osteoarthritis (OA) (SYSADOA) in Europe and some other countries. Although numerous studies have shown the clinical benefits of CS to decrease pain, improve functional disability, reduce non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) or acetaminophen consumption, and good tolerability with an additional carry-over effect, there are still some concerns regarding its effectiveness in treating OA.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the data provided by meta-analyses to clarify the effectiveness of CS as a symptomatic treatment for OA.
  
  
  METHODS
  A MEDLINE database search was conducted for appropriate meta-analyses published between 1997 and 2007. Five meta-analyses that limited their analysis to randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing CS with placebo or no-treatment control arms were retrieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four meta-analyses showed significant clinical effects of CS compared with placebo for pain and function measures and one demonstrated greater reduction of analgesic co-medication in patients assigned to the active treatment. In one meta-analysis, the 20 trials included in the study showed a high degree of heterogeneity and the conclusion that CS showed minimal symptomatic benefits was based on the analysis of only three trials. One meta-analysis showed that pain relief after CS treatment steadily increased between 4 and 12 weeks of treatment, whereas the time course of pain relief after treatment with NSAIDs decreased. Two meta-analyses reported consistently higher frequencies of side effects in the placebo group than in patients treated with CS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data provided by these meta-analyses indicate that CS has a slight to moderate efficacy in the symptomatic treatment of OA, with an excellent safety profile.
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Recerca en Fisiopatologia Ossia i Articular, Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica (IMIM), Hospital del Mar, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Monfort
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martel-Pelletier
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pelletier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D011379:Prognosis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates