Hospitalization due to norovirus and genotypes of rotavirus in pediatric patients, state of Espírito Santo.
Viruses are the leading cause for hospitalization due to gastroenteritis worldwide. Group A rotaviruses (RV) are the most prevalent and are assorted in glycoproteins (G) and protease sensitive (P) dual genotypes based on polymorphic genes that encode the external VP7 and VP4 capsid proteins, respectively. Noroviruses (NoV) have increasingly answered by sporadic gastroenteritis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NoV and RV in 68 hospitalized children, between July 2004 and November 2006, at a pediatric hospital in Vitória city, state of Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil. Nucleic acid was extracted from fecal suspension following the guanidine-silica procedure. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were employed for NoV and RV detection, respectively. RV genotyping was accomplished using RT-PCR followed by heminested multiplex PCR with specific primers for the most prevalent types of G and P. Fecal samples were positive for NoV and RV in 39.7% (27/68) and 20.5% (14/68), respectively and together were responsible for 60% (41/68) of the cases. RV genotypes were: 50% G9P[8], 28.7% G2P[4], 7.1% G1P[8], G2P[8] and G?P[8]. Vomit was a prominent manifestation observed in 92% and 85% of the NoV and RV cases, respectively. The median hospitalization was 5 and 5.5 days for the patients infected with NoV and RV, respectively. The data showed that NoV prevailed over RV and it also corroborated the emergence of RV G9 genotype followed by G2P[4], reinforcing the need for RV genotype surveillance.
Ribeiro
Leandro Rua
LR
Nucleus of Infectious Diseases, Pathology Department, Health Science Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, 29043-900, Brasil.
Giuberti
Rafael Souto de Oliveira
RS
Barreira
Débora Maria Pires Gonçalves
DM
Saick
Ketene Wernek
KW
Leite
José Paulo Gagliardi
JP
Miagostovich
Marize Pereira
MP
Spano
Liliana Cruz
LC
D001938:Brazil; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000032:analysis; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005838:Genotype; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D029322:Norovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015995:Prevalence; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*
D018076:DNA, Complementary