title: Passive smoking, cytochrome P450 gene polymorphisms and dysmenorrhea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated whether the association between passive smoking exposure and dysmenorrhea is modified by two susceptibility genes, CYP1A1MspI and CYP1A1HincII.
  
  
  METHODS
  This report includes 1,645 (1,124 no dysmenorrhea, 521 dysmenorrhea) non-smoking and non-drinking newly wedding female workers at Anqing, China between June 1997 and June 2000. Multiple logistic regression models were used to estimate the associations of passive smoking exposure and genetic susceptibility with dysmenorrhea, adjusting for maternal age, BMI, age of menarche, education, vibration exposure, shift work, noise exposure, pregnancy history, perceived stress and physical laboring stress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the passive smoking group, women who have C/C6235 genotype (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.0-3.3) in CYP1A1MspI and Ile/Ile462 genotype (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.1-7.7) in CYP1A1HincII was associated with an increased risk of dysmenorrhea. When stratified by women genotype, the adjusted OR of dysmenorrheal was 1.6 (95% CI = 1.2-2.1) for passive smoking group with Ile/Ile462 genotype, and 1.5 (95% CI = 1.0-2.1) with C/C6235 genotype, compared to non-passive smoking group, respectively. The data further showed that there was a significant combined effect between passive smoking and the CYP1A1 Msp1C/C6235 (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.0-2.1), and HincII Ile/Ile462 (OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.2-2.1), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CYP1A1 MspI and HincII genotypes modified the association between passive smoking and dysmenorrhea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China.
authors.forename: Lou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Linan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Changzhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yonghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Dafang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1