Segmental patterning of the vertebrate embryonic axis.
The body axis of vertebrates is composed of a serial repetition of similar anatomical modules that are called segments or metameres. This particular mode of organization is especially conspicuous at the level of the periodic arrangement of vertebrae in the spine. The segmental pattern is established during embryogenesis when the somites--the embryonic segments of vertebrates--are rhythmically produced from the paraxial mesoderm. This process involves the segmentation clock, which is a travelling oscillator that interacts with a maturation wave called the wavefront to produce the periodic series of somites. Here, we review our current understanding of the segmentation process in vertebrates.
Dequéant
Mary-Lee
ML
Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 East 50th Street, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, USA.
Pourquié
Olivier
O
D000818:Animals; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000196:embryology*; D019170:Somites / Q000196:embryology*; D013131:Spine / Q000196:embryology*; D014714:Vertebrates / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics