title: Effect of sex-sorted sperm dosage on conception rates in Holstein heifers and lactating cows.
abstract: Ejaculates were collected by artificial vagina from 3 Holstein sires and sorted to 90% purity for X-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa (range 88 to 93%) using flow cytometry. Sorted sperm were diluted to 2.1, 3.5, or 5.0 x 10(6) sperm per dose in an egg yolk (20%), Tris, glycerol (7%) extender. Collections were repeated until >600 straws per sperm dose per sire were obtained. Each sperm dose was loaded into color-coded 0.25-mL French straws, with alternate colors used to define treatments across sires. Within sires, straws were packaged at 9 per cane (3 of each color) and strategically allocated to 75 Holstein herds with targets for 50% use in heifers and 50% in lactating cows. Straw color was recorded in the on-farm record-keeping system at the time of insemination. Data were analyzed separately for cows and heifers. Among heifers, a total of 2,125 usable records were retrieved from 51 herds (238 +/- 5.5 services/ sperm dose per sire, range: 218 to 263). Conception rates in heifers were influenced by the sire x sperm dosage interaction. Within sire A, conception rates of heifers were greater for the 5 x 10(6) (59.5%) than for the 2.1 x 10(6) (46.4%) sperm dose and intermediate for the 3.5 x 10(6) sperm dose (52.2%). However, across sires, sperm dosage had no effect on heifer conception rates (46.7, 51.2, and 52.5% for the 2.1, 3.5, and 5.0 x 10(6) sperm dosages, respectively). Among cows, a total of 2,369 services were retrieved from 56 herds (263 +/- 8.8 services/sperm dose per sire, range: 233 to 303). Conception rates of cows (29.4%) were not affected by sire or sperm dosage (27.0, 29.1, and 30.3% for the 2.1, 3.5, and 5.0 x 10(6) sperm dosages, respectively). In conclusion, these data indicate that an increased sperm dosage may enhance virgin heifer conception rates for some (but not all) sires, whereas neither sire nor sexed-sperm dosage affected conception rates of lactating cows. Additional studies of sexed-sperm dosage across a larger sampling of bulls are warranted to determine whether and how such a practice can be implemented cost effectively for the benefit of the dairy industry.
authors.affiliation: Select Sires Inc., Plain City, OH 43064, USA. jmdejarnette@selectsires.com
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: DeJarnette
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Nebel
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: McCleary
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Lenz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002469:Cell Separation; D003612:Dairying / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D007774:Lactation; D008297:Male; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012743:Sex Preselection / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013076:Sperm Count; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology*