Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Chinese yak breeds (Bos grunniens) using microsatellite markers.
Nine Chinese yak breeds (Maiwa, Tianzhu White, Qinghai Plateau, Sibu, Zhongdian, Pali, Tibetan High Mountain, Jiulong, and Xinjiang) and Gayal were analyzed by means of 16 microsatellite markers to determine the level of genetic variation within populations, genetic relationship between populations, and population structure for each breed. A total of 206 microsatellite alleles were observed. Mean F-statistics (0.056) for 9 yak breeds indicated that 94.4% of the genetic variation was observed within yak breeds and 5.6% of the genetic variation existed amongst breeds. The Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree was constructed based on Nei's standard genetic distances and two clusters were obtained. The Gayal separated from the yaks far away and formed one cluster and 9 yak breeds were grouped together. The analysis of population structure for 9 yak breeds and the Gayal showed that they resulted in four clusters; one cluster includes yaks from Tibet Autonomous Region and Qinghai Province, one cluster combines Zhongdian, Maiwa, and Tianzhu White, and Jiulong and Xinjiang come into the third cluster. Pali was mainly in the first cluster (90%), Jiulong was mainly in the second cluster (87.1%), Zhongdian was primarily in the third cluster (83%), and the other yak breeds were distributed in two to three clusters. The Gayal was positively left in the fourth cluster (99.3%).
Zhang
Guixiang
G
National Center of Preservation and Utilization of Genetic Resources of Domestic Animals and Forage, National Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Service, Beijing 100094, China. gxzhang27@hotmail.com
Chen
Weisheng
W
Xue
Ming
M
Wang
Zhigang
Z
Chang
Hong
H
Han
Xu
X
Liao
Xinjun
X
Wang
Donglei
D
D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D005819:Genetic Markers; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny
D005819:Genetic Markers