title: Conformational gating of dimannose binding to the antiviral protein cyanovirin revealed from the crystal structure at 1.35 A resolution.
abstract: Cyanovirin (CV-N) is a small lectin with potent HIV neutralization activity, which could be exploited for a mucosal defense against HIV infection. The wild-type (wt) protein binds with high affinity to mannose-rich oligosaccharides on the surface of gp120 through two quasi-symmetric sites, located in domains A and B. We recently reported on a mutant of CV-N that contained a single functional mannose-binding site, domain B, showing that multivalent binding to oligomannosides is necessary for antiviral activity. The structure of the complex with dimannose determined at 1.8 A resolution revealed a different conformation of the binding site than previously observed in the NMR structure of wt CV-N. Here, we present the 1.35 A resolution structure of the complex, which traps three different binding conformations of the site and provides experimental support for a locking and gating mechanism in the nanoscale time regime observed by molecular dynamics simulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA.
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fromme
authors.forename: Zivile
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Katiliene
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fromme
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ghirlanda
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D001665:Binding Sites; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D008358:Mannose / Q000737:chemistry*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D011487:Protein Conformation
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C107733:cyanovirin N; D008358:Mannose