title: Olmsted syndrome: a case report and review of literature.
abstract: We report a case of an 18-month-old boy with slightly whitened fingernails and toenails since birth. At the age of 100 days, he progressively developed bilateral palmoplantar keratoderma which resulted in painful walking and disabled grasping. Perianal keratotic plaques and perioral hyperkeratotic erythema could also be observed. Both fingernails and toenails were dystrophic. Scalp hairs were sparse, but total alopecia was no present. The histopathologic changes of the biopsy from the inner side of the right foot showed nonspecific changes, which mainly showed highly hyperkeratosis and acanthosis with slight superficial perivascular inflammatory infiltration. A clinical diagnosis of Olmsted syndrome was established according to the typical feature of the lesions, which is the presence of symmetrical palmoplantar keratoderma with periorificial keratotic plaques. We review the literature and present a summary of all reported cases to date.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Chang-Zheng
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Nian-Wen
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ye-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Ling-Yun
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jia-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: You-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ya-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006201:Hair Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007645:Keratoderma, Palmoplantar / Q000473:pathology*; D007642:Keratosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology*; D009260:Nail Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D013577:Syndrome