title: Efficacy and safety of 1-step transnasal endoscopic nasobiliary drainage for the treatment of acute cholangitis in patients with previous endoscopic sphincterotomy (with videos).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (NBD) for the treatment of acute cholangitis is an accepted method. A recently developed ultrathin transnasal videoendoscope is minimally invasive, even for patients who are critically ill.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of 1-step NBD by transnasal videoendoscopy (TNE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed at Tokyo Medical University Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with acute cholangitis who had previously undergone an endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES); including 10 with bile-duct stones, 8 with pancreatic cancers, 1 with chronic pancreatitis, and 1 with benign biliary stricture, were enrolled in this study. An indwelling self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) was placed in all patients with pancreatic cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients underwent NBD via front-viewing TNE. A 5F NBD catheter was placed into the bile duct.
  
  
  METHODS
  The efficacy and safety of this technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The transnasal insertion of TNE was feasible in all patients, and none had epistaxis. Abdominal pain, fever, and jaundice were improved at 24 hours after the procedure in the majority of patients. The mean procedural time was 18.1 minutes. One patient pulled out the NBD catheter. None of the patients died. TNE-NBD was achieved in 19 patients (95%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maneuverability of the TNE, limited to patients with a previous ES or the placement of an SEMS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NBD that uses TNE may be a useful and novel technique for the treatment of acute cholangitis in patients with previous ES.
authors.affiliation: Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sofuni
authors.forename: Fumihide
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Itokawa
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kusano
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gotoda
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014741:Video Recording