title: Chromobacterium violaceum cellulitis and sepsis following cutaneous marine trauma.
abstract: Chromobacterium violaceum is a gram-negative bacillary organism that characteristically produces the purple pigment violacein. Documented as the cause of clinically relevant human infections in only 35 cases in the United States, C violaceum is particularly seen in patients with a history of cutaneous injury or trauma. We report the case of an 18-year-old woman who was struck by a propeller in a boating accident and sustained multiple deep lacerations of her right lower extremity. Shortly after admission to the hospital, the patient became frebrile and developed leukocytosis. Bacterial cultures revealed C violaceum, which demonstrated a characteristic purple pigment production on blood agar. Antimicrobial therapy was initiated, but 2 days after admission, the skin and subcutaneous tissue surrounding the patient's wounds became necrotic, necessitating an above-the-knee amputation of the right lower extremity (transfemoral amputation). The patient's condition improved after continued antimicrobial therapy and she was subsequently discharged in good health. This case represents a successful outcome of a rare but frequently fatal infection due to a morphologically and geographically distinct human pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama, 2451 Fillingim St, Mobile, AL 36617, USA. ecarter@usouthal.edu
authors.forename: Elliot
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Kressida
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rutland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002481:Cellulitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D002861:Chromobacterium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D018805:Sepsis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004318:Doxycycline