title: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells migrate in afferent skin lymph.
abstract: Conventional dendritic cells enter lymph nodes by migrating from peripheral tissues via the lymphatic route, whereas plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC), also called IFN-producing cells (IPC), are described to gain nodes from blood via the high endothelial venules. We demonstrate here that IPC/pDC migrate in the afferent lymph of two large mammals. In sheep, injection of type A CpG oligodinucleotide (ODN) induced lymph cells to produce type I IFN. Furthermore, low-density lymph cells collected at steady state produced type I IFN after stimulation with type A CpG ODN and enveloped viruses. Sheep lymph IPC were found within a minor B(neg)CD11c(neg) subset expressing CD45RB. They presented a plasmacytoid morphology, expressed high levels of TLR-7, TLR-9, and IFN regulatory factor 7 mRNA, induced IFN-gamma production in allogeneic CD4(pos) T cells, and differentiated into dendritic cell-like cells under viral stimulation, thus fulfilling criteria of bona fide pDC. In mini-pig, a CD4(pos)SIRP(pos) subset in afferent lymph cells, corresponding to pDC homologs, produced type I IFN after type A CpG-ODN triggering. Thus, pDC can link innate and acquired immunity by migrating from tissue to draining node via lymph, similarly to conventional dendritic cells.
authors.affiliation: Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, UR892 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Domaine de Vilvert, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Florentina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pascale
authors.forename: Florentia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pascale
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Contreras
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonneau
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Courbet
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chilmonczyk
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bevilacqua
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Epardaud
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eparaud
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Niborski
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Riffault
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Balazuc
authors.forename: Eliane
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Foulon
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guzylack-Piriou
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Riteau
authors.forename: Jayne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hope
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bertho
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Charley
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schwartz-Cornil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D050839:Interferon Regulatory Factor-7 / Q000276:immunology; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000276:immunology; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D008196:Lymph / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D012756:Sheep; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7 / Q000276:immunology; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000276:immunology / Q000819:agonists; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D039521:CD11c Antigen; C526902:CpG ODN 2216; D050839:Interferon Regulatory Factor-7; D007370:Interferon Type I; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens