title: Phase II study of hepatic arterial infusion of a fine-powder formulation of cisplatin for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intra-arterial cisplatin appears to have high therapeutic efficacy, but this has not been studied in detail. Accordingly, we developed a fine-powder cisplatin formulation and tested it in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients in an open-label, uncontrolled study in which 27 institutions participated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients in this study had inoperable advanced HCC without extrahepatic metastases. All received two infusions of high-concentration cisplatin (1.43 mg/mL) via the hepatic artery at a dose of 65 mg/m(2), with an intervening 4-6 week interval.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cisplatin efficacy and safety were assessed in 80 patients. We found partial responses in 27 cases, no change in 37, and progressive disease in 11 (five were not evaluated). The overall response rate was 33.8%. The 1-year survival rate was 67.5% and the 2-year survival rate was 50.8%. Severe adverse effects (>/=grade 3) included anorexia in 22.5%, vomiting in 6.3%, abdominal pain in 1.3%, thrombocytopenia in 25%, neutropenia in 13%, leukopenia in 1.3%, hypochromia in 1.3%, elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase in 32.5%, elevated serum alanine aminotransferase in 11.3%, elevated serum bilirubin in 3.8%, decreased serum albumin in 1.3%, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase in 1.3%, elevated gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in 3.8%, and elevated serum creatinine in 2.5%. Death from myocardial infarction occurred as an incidental event in one case, and no other life-threatening, adverse events were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although intra-arterial cisplatin has substantial local and systemic toxicity, high therapeutic efficacy suggests the potential usefulness of this agent in the treatment of advanced HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Naofumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Hiraku
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yodono
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichida
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura