title: Diffusion-weighted imaging for predicting new compression fractures following percutaneous vertebroplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is a technique that structurally stabilizes a fractured vertebral body. However, some patients return to the hospital due to recurrent back pain following PVP, and such pain is sometimes caused by new compression fractures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of adjacent vertebral bodies as assessed by diffusion-weighted imaging before PVP could predict the onset of new compression fractures following PVP.
  
  
  METHODS
  25 patients with osteoporotic compression fractures who underwent PVP were enrolled in this study. ADC was measured for 49 vertebral bodies immediately above and below each vertebral body injected with bone cement before and after PVP. By measuring ADC for each adjacent vertebral body, ADC was compared between vertebral bodies with a new compression fracture within 1 month and those without new compression fractures. In addition, the mean ADC of adjacent vertebral bodies per patient was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean preoperative ADC for the six adjacent vertebral bodies with new compression fractures was 0.55 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s (range 0.36-1.01 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s), and for the 43 adjacent vertebral bodies without new compression fractures 0.20 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s (range 0-0.98 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) (P < 0.001). Mean preoperative ADC for the six patients with new compression fractures was 0.55 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s (range 0.21-1.01 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s), and that for the 19 patients without new compression fractures 0.17 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s (range 0.01-0.43 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ADC of adjacent vertebral bodies as assessed by diffusion-weighted imaging before PVP might be one of the predictors for new compression fractures following PVP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Neuropsychiatry, Kansai Medical University Takii Hospital, Osaka, Japan. sugimota@takii.kmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanigawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohmura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kariya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Komemushi
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ha-Kawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tajika
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sawada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D050815:Fractures, Compression / Q000601:surgery*; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome