title: Comparative in vitro and ex vivo studies on the bactericidal activity of Tetraclean, a new generation endodontic irrigant, and sodium hypochlorite.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a new generation endodontic irrigant, Tetraclean, to the widely used sodium hypochlorite. Tetraclean combines a powerful detergent effect with a strong antimicrobial efficacy, whereas sodium hypochlorite has several drawbacks and is sometimes ineffective in preventing microbial-mediated endodontic failure. The bactericidal activity of both irrigants against Enterococcus faecalis, the most commonly isolated species from root canals of teeth with post-treatment disease, was assessed i) in vitro, according to the European Standard lines for the evaluation of the bactericidal activity of chemical disinfectants, and ii) with an ex vivo model of extracted and decoronated human teeth, infected with E. faecalis and subsequently irrigated with either of the irrigants. Both irrigants display very similar bactericidal activity against E. faecalis in vitro. However, the ex vivo model shows that only in the teeth irrigated with Tetraclean did the bacterial burden gradually drop until no bacteria were detectable a few days post-irrigation. Vice versa, in the teeth irrigated with sodium hypochlorite, the drop in the bacterial burden was rapid but temporary and most of the teeth were colonized again by 48 hours post-irrigation.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze di Sanità Pubblica, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy.
authors.forename: Rachele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Neglia
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ardizzoni
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giardino
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ambu
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grazi
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Calignano
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rimoldi
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Righi
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blasi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000494:pharmacology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011108:Polymers / Q000494:pharmacology; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014070:Tooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D011108:Polymers; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; C012504:polypropylene glycol; D019343:Citric Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D004318:Doxycycline