title: [Current progress and problems in oncourology].
abstract: One of the most serious problems of urology as specialized surgery is the oncological diseases. A large part of the scientific research is dedicated to their basic research, diagnostics and treatment as the results are then presented at the big international forums each year. The new achievements in the investigations of urological diseases excite special interest and mark the stages of the actual progress of the respective science. The overview is a panorama of the newest and at the same time most significant achievements of the science of urology in this field in 2006 presented at the biggest international congresses - the Congress of the European Association of Urology, the Annual Meeting of the American urologists and the Congress of the American Society of Clinical Oncology - ASCO. What is typical is the existence of the large number of researches of the carcinoma of the prostate - an issue on which the urological society focuses its attention quite often. Without any revolutionary breakthroughs being made new scientific proof has been added which considerably enriches our knowledge about this disease and places special focus on the real value and interpretation of the levels of the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA). What is especially impressive in bladder cancer research is the discovery of a protein element called "survivin", which is of the family of the inhibitors of apoptosis and its level is connected with qualities of the tumors like aggressiveness, recurrence and progression of the disease and mortality rate. The weight of the scientific research in the field of kidney tumors is placed on the basic research of their oncogenesis. After quite a few years of standstill in the area of chemotherapy new drugs like Sunitinib, Sorafenib and Temserolimus are being introduced, some of which even have independent antitumor effect. As far as the testicle tumors are concerned, the necessity of an extensive lymphadenectomy is confirmed. The increased possibilities of conservative treatment of the lymph node metastases are stressed though radiation therapy and chemotherapy, especially in the cases of seminoma tumors. In the case of penis cancer the weight is placed on the timely diagnostics and treatment allowing organ-preserving operations. The summarized messages of the achievements that are part of the development of the oncourology have also been pointed out.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology University Hospital St. Ana.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakŭrov
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D005834:Genital Neoplasms, Male / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers