title: Interleukin-11, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-12 and the pathogenesis of inflammatory periodontal diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may be crucial for determining the immunopathology of gingivitis (G) and periodontitis. This study aimed to analyse interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-11 and IL-12 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with G and chronic periodontitis (CP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourty subjects including 12 CP, 14 G and 14 controls (C) were enrolled. GCF samples were collected from six maxillary sites per patient and analysed for IL-1beta, IL-11 and IL-12 by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly lower concentrations of IL-11 were detected in CP compared with both G and C groups (p<0.05). The CP group had a significantly higher total amount of IL-12 and IL-1beta compared with the C group (p<0.05). The IL-11:IL-1beta cytokine ratio was higher in both G and C groups compared with the CP group. The IL-11:IL-1beta ratio became progressively lower with increasing probing depth (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data showed that IL-11 levels are significantly decreased in GCF from sites with periodontitis compared with G and healthy sites. Because of the possible preventive effect of IL-11 on inflammation, IL-11 may be an important factor in the therapeutic modulation of periodontal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. ozlemozertr@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ozlem Ozer
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Yücel
authors.forename: Ezel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berker
authors.forename: Semra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gariboğlu
authors.forename: Harika
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otlu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017370:Interleukin-11; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D018664:Interleukin-12