title: Oral myofibromas: report of two cases and review of clinical and histopathologic differential diagnosis.
abstract: Myofibroma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm composed of myofibroblasts which has been described with different synonyms since the first report in 1951. It may show clinical and histologic features that may be misinterpreted as a malignancy. We describe 2 cases of oral myofibromas affecting infants; the first one showed a rapid growth with teeth displacement and ulceration; the second one presented a relatively slow growth with an indolent course. Differential diagnosis included benign and malignant mesenchymal neoplasms, salivary gland tumors, and reactive processes. Microscopic analysis of both lesions revealed a spindle cell tumor with immunoreactivity for vimentin, muscle-specific actin, and specific smooth muscle isoform alpha-actin, rendering the diagnoses of myofibroma. The patients were treated with surgical excision, and both are in follow-up without any signs of recurrence. Myofibroma presents a wide range of differential diagnosis, including benign and malignant neoplasms. Therefore, accurate diagnosis may avoid an unnecessary aggressive therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rebeca de Souza
authors.initials: Rde S
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: Fábio Ramôa
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Della Coletta
authors.forename: Oslei Paes
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Luiz Paulo
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: Márcio Ajudarte
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005887:Gingival Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008048:Lip Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D047708:Myofibroma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D014746:Vimentin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D014746:Vimentin