title: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofuran mass distribution in both start-up and normal condition in the whole municipal solid waste incinerator.
abstract: Although many researches focused on the polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofuran (PCDD/F) emissions from stack, in the bottom ash and in the surrounding environment, researches focused on PCDD/F mass distributions in the whole incineration plant have seldom been addressed. This study determined PCDD/F emissions in the whole plant. A high-resolution gas chromatograph/high-resolution mass spectrometer was utilized for analyzing 17 PCDD/F species. Experimental results displayed that PCDD/Fs were formed during fly ash from super heater (SH), economizer (EC), semi-dryer absorber (SDA) and fabric filter (FF) was transferred to fly ash pit. Mass distribution ratios of PCDD/Fs in g I-TEQ (Toxicity Equivalency Quantity) per week from stack, SH, EC, SDA, FF, generation and bottom residue (BR) in start-up operations were 14.6%, 0.1%, 8.3%, 1.0%, 41.7%, 33.4% and 0.9%, respectively. Above results indicated that main PCDD/F source in the MSWI was from fly ash. However, the fly ash is easily controlled and PCDD/F emitted from stack flue gases will be difficult to be handled. Therefore, we should pay more attention on PCDD/F emission from flue gases especially from start-up procedure. Besides, fly ash should be controlled by sodium hypophosphite before being landfilled. MSWI did require further detoxification treatments for the solid residues and flue gases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Ping Tung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Che-Kuan
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chieh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yuan-Chung
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Lin-Chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-Ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chang-Chien
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D060729:Coal Ash; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D017745:Incineration; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D001572:Benzofurans; D060729:Coal Ash; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D002244:Carbon; C023614:dibenzofuran