title: Preclinical models of Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease in which pigmented midbrain neurons progressively die producing a dopamine (DA) deficit in the striatum which manifests as an akinetic movement disorder. Experimentally induced striatal DA depletion in animals is a valid model of parkinsonism. The capacity of certain substances to damage catecholaminergic neurones has been used for a long time to produce DA deficiency in animals. This unit focuses on methods for inducing parkinsonism using the neurotoxins MPTP and 6-hydroxy dopamine and methods for evaluating the animals. Other models are briefly reviewed.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bankiewicz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Pernaute
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oiwa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohutnicka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cummins
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eberling
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D002144:Callithrix; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial / Q000379:methods; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000379:methods; D007980:Levodopa / Q000494:pharmacology; D020267:MPTP Poisoning / Q000503:physiopathology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D011323:Primates; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D009498:Neurotoxins; D007980:Levodopa; D016627:Oxidopamine; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine