title: The effects of ozone gas application on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to enamel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possibility that ozone may have an adverse effect on the bond strength of orthodontic brackets and to determine the area of residual adhesive on teeth after the debonding of brackets.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 extracted premolars teeth were used in this study. Resin coated APC brackets (3M) were bonded according to the manufacturers' instructions. Bonded teeth were randomly divided into two groups. The teeth in Group 1 were subjected to a 10-second dosage of ozone from the HealOzone unit (Kavo) after etching and to a further 10 seconds of ozone after bonding the brackets using a 5 mm delivery cup. Teeth in Group 2 were used as a control. Debonding was carried out using a testing instrument at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/minute.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Mann-Whitney test revealed no significant differences in shear bond strength between the two groups (P = 0.337). The mean shear bond strength (11.66 MPa) of Group 1 (subjected to ozone) was not significantly different than the mean shear bond strength (10.88 MPa) of Group 2 (not subjected to ozone). A Pearson Chi-square test of the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) revealed no significant difference in residual adhesive among the groups tested.
authors.affiliation: Restorative Department, School of Dentistry, Queen's University, Grosvenor Rd., Belfast, Northern Ireland BT12 6BP, United Kingdom. alshamsiamna@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Amna Hassan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Al Shamsi
authors.forename: James Leo
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: Philip-John
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lamey
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lynch
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D017005:Dental Debonding / Q000295:instrumentation; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007834:Lasers; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D016628:Replica Techniques; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; C472247:accelerated Portland cement; D010126:Ozone