title: Influence of vitamin E supplementation on endothelial complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with increased risk for complications following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, in which tissue damage involves leukocyte-endothelial interactions mediated by endothelin-1 (ET-1) and adhesion molecules (AMs).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study compared lipids and their peroxidation product, malondialdehyde (MDA), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), ET-1, platelet-selectin (P-selectin), intercellular AM-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell AM-1 (VCAM-1) between healthy controls and type 2 DM subjects who did not receive CABG surgery as well as those who did. Vitamin E as an adjunctive therapy in subjects who underwent CABG was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  ELISA was used to measure hsCRP, ET-1, and AMs. For all subjects, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) and lipid profile were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Percentage of HbA(1c), lipids, MDA, hsCRP, ET-1, P-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 levels were significantly higher in the diabetic groups than in healthy controls. Vitamin E supplementation for 3 successive months significantly lowered MDA, hsCRP, ET-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 levels by 64%, 47%, 12%, 74%, and 25%, respectively. However, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and vitamin E serum levels were increased by 65% and 90.55%, respectively (P<or=.05). Vitamin E cosupplementations correlated restored ET-1, P-selectin, and ICAM-1 levels, which have been functionally damaged by decreased HDL-C, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriacylglycerolemia, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that increased levels of the proinflammatory markers and AMs occur in type 2 DM. Vitamin E administration appears beneficial in lowering proinflammatory markers and their downstream effectors that played an important role in diabetic complications following CABG.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. nadia1_hamdy@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Nadia M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Hamdy
authors.forename: Salwa M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Suwailem
authors.forename: Hala O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: El-Mesallamy
mesh_terms: D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014810:Vitamin E