title: An F-actin-depleted zone is present at the hyphal tip of invasive hyphae of Neurospora crassa.
abstract: The distribution of filamentous actin (F-actin) in invasive and noninvasive hyphae of the ascomycete Neurospora crassa was investigated. Eighty six percent of noninvasive hyphae had F-actin in the tip region compared to only 9% of invasive hyphae. The remaining 91% of the invasive hyphae had no obvious tip high concentration of F-actin staining; instead they had an F-actin-depleted zone in this region, although some F-actin, possibly associated with the Spitzenkörper, remained at the tip. The size of the F-actin-depleted zone in invasive hyphae increased with an increase in agar concentration. The membrane stain FM 4-64 reveals a slightly larger accumulation of vesicles at the tips of invasive hyphae relative to noninvasive hyphae, although this difference is unlikely to be sufficient to account for the exclusion of F-actin from the depleted zone. Antibodies raised against the actin filament-severing protein cofilin from both yeast and human cells localize to the tips of invasive hyphae. The human cofilin antibody shows a more random distribution in noninvasive hyphae locating primarily at the hyphal periphery but with some diffuse cytoplasmic staining. This antibody also identifies a single band at 21 kDa in immunoblots of whole hyphal fractions. These data suggest that a protein with epitopic similarity to cofilin may function in F-actin dynamics that underlie invasive growth. The F-actin-depleted zone may play a role in the regulation of tip yielding to turgor pressure, thus increasing the protrusive force necessary for invasive growth.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garrill
mesh_terms: D051339:Actin Depolymerizing Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D025301:Hyphae / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009492:Neurospora crassa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051339:Actin Depolymerizing Factors; D000199:Actins