title: Colostrum supplementation restores insulin-like growth factor -1 levels and alters muscle morphology following massive small bowel resection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colostrum protein concentrate (CPC) contains a high level of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). IGF-1 and IGF binding protein (IGFBPs) may play an important role during the postresection adaptation response. As smooth muscle is an important site for IGF-1 action in the intestine, this study aims to (1) investigate the effect of CPC supplementation on circulating levels and tissue expression of IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor, and IGFBPs following massive small bowel resection (MSBR), and (2) characterize the effect of CPC on the muscular adaptation response following MSBR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four-week-old piglets underwent either a 75% MSBR or sham operation. Piglets received either a polymeric infant formula (PIF) diet or PIF supplemented with CPC for 8 weeks. Serum was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and ileal tissue assessed by molecular and histological analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in IGF-1 or IGFBPs mRNA among groups. CPC treatment resulted in significant increases in circulating levels of IGF-1 and IGFBPs and a concurrent increase in muscle width and the number of muscle cells, but did not alter muscle cell size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strategies aimed at increasing muscular adaptation may decrease Gl transit and allow greater mucosal contact time for absorption. We have shown that CPC supplementation following resection results in increased levels of circulating IGF-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 and muscular hypertrophy. Our results suggest that IGF-1 and its mediators may play a role in the muscular adaptation response and warrant further exploration as a treatment option for short bowel syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Intestinal Failure and Clinical Nutrition Group, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Atlantic Philanthropy Building, Flemington Road, Parkville 3052, Victoria, Australia. prue.pereira@mcri.edu.au
authors.forename: Prue M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Pereira-Fantini
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Russell G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Magdy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sourial
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Julie E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bines
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D003126:Colostrum / Q000737:chemistry; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D012778:Short Bowel Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D013552:Swine; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1