title: Chinese herbal medicine Huangqi type formulations for nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  At present, there is a lack of safe and effective drugs for nephrotic syndrome (NS). Huangqi type formulations have been used to treat nephrotic syndrome for years in China, however the effects and safety of these formulations have not been systematically reviewed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the benefits and harms of Huangqi and Huangqi type formulations in treating NS in any age group, either as sole agents or in addition to other drug therapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedicine Database (CBM), CNKI, VIP and reference lists of articles. There was no language restriction. Date of most recent search: June 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the use of Huangqi or Huangqi type formulations in treating NS in adults and children, either as sole agents or in addition to other drug therapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two authors independently assessed study quality and extracted data. For dichotomous outcomes (remission, side effects and Inefficacy rate), results were expressed as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Continuous outcomes (triglycerides cholesterol, plasma albumin) results were expressed as mean difference (WMD) with 95% CI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three studies were identified (n = 128), all comparing Huangqi type formulations with placebo. Huangqi injection had a positive effect on plasma albumin (WMD 6.90, 95% Cl 3.60 to 10.20) and cholesterol (WMD 2.13, 95% Cl -2.97 to -1.29). Huangqi and red Chinese date reduced some adverse reactions (Cushing's syndrome: RR 0.55, 95% Cl 0.32 to 0.94; hormone reduced syndrome: RR 0.58, 95% Cl 0.39 to 0.85, respiratory tract infection: RR 0.27, 95% Cl 0.08 to 0.88), but no benefit on reducing relapse. Huangqi and Danggui had a positive effect on cholesterol (WMD -0.85, 95% Cl -1.70 to 0.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Huangqi type formulations may have some positive effects in treating NS by increasing plasma albumin and reducing blood cholesterol, Cushing's syndrome, hormone reduced syndrome and respiratory tract infection. However, limited by the lack of high quality clinical studies, we are unable to recommend Huangqi type formulations for NS. Large, properly randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies are required.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002648:Child; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal