title: Unexpected dramatic increase in CD4+ cell count in a patient with AIDS after enfuvirtide treatment despite persistent viremia and resistance mutations.
abstract: An unexpected dramatic immune recovery was observed in a patient with full-blown AIDS receiving enfuvirtide-based antiretroviral therapy after multiple treatment failures. A complex interplay of viral and host factors, including the control of X4 viruses and proviral burden, may favor immune restoration with HIV neutralizing activity, despite persistent viremia.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. soria.alessandro@hsr.it
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soria
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cavarelli
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sala
authors.forename: Anna Ida
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Alessandrini
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scarlatti
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazzarin
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castagna
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D000077560:Enfuvirtide; D005260:Female; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023581:HIV Fusion Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D023581:HIV Fusion Inhibitors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D000077560:Enfuvirtide