title: Low-plasma insulin-like growth factor-I levels are associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in a cohort of untreated, hypertensive Caucasian subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accumulating evidence suggests that IGF-I has protective vascular effects, supporting the possibility that IGF-I deficiency may contribute to atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between plasma IGF-I levels and endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is still unsettled.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We designed this present study to test the hypothesis that low-plasma IGF-I levels are associated with reduced endothelial function independently classical cardiovascular risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatients were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 100 never-treated hypertensive Caucasian subjects participating in the CAtanzaro MEtabolic RIsk factors Study was recruited.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects underwent forearm blood flow (FBF) evaluation by strain-gauge plethysmography in response to increasing doses of acetylcholine (ACh) (Sigma, Milan, Italy) and sodium nitroprusside (Malesci, Florence, Italy). Insulin sensitivity was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma IGF-I levels were significantly correlated with age (r = -0.300; P = 0.001), high-density lipoprotein serum cholesterol (r = 0.211; P = 0.017), homeostasis model assessment index (r = -0.355; P <0.0001), systolic blood pressure (r = -0.174; P = 0.042), glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.228; P = 0.011), and ACh-stimulated FBF (r = 0.565; P <0.0001). In a stepwise forward multivariate regression analysis, the strongest predictors of ACh-stimulated FBF response were plasma IGF-I levels, accounting for 31.9% of its variation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate, for the first time, that low-plasma IGF-I levels are highly associated with reduced endothelial function, an early step in atherogenesis process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Policlinico Mater Domini-Viale Europa, Campus Germaneto, Catanzaro, Italy. perticone@unicz.it
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perticone
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sciacqua
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perticone
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Laino
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miceli
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Care'
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Galiano Leone
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andreozzi
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maio
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sesti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D014664:Vasodilation; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I