title: Effects of halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane on lipid peroxidation following experimental closed head trauma in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a rat closed head trauma model we examined both the time course of lipid peroxidation and the effects of halothane, isoflurane, and sevoflurane on it by analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were divided randomly into five groups: sham-operated (SO), n=18; control-closed head trauma to left frontal pole, n=18; closed head trauma model+halothane, n=18; closed head trauma model+isoflurane, n=18; and closed head trauma model+sevoflurane, n=18. Halothane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane were applied 15 min after trauma for 30 min. Rats were euthanized 1,3, and 5 h after the inhalation agents. Brain tissue samples were taken 5 mm from the left and right frontal poles. MDA was considered to reflect the degree of lipid peroxidation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDA concentrations were greater in the control, halothane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane groups than in SO animals (P<0.001). No statistical difference between the hemispheres was found between the halothane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane groups, but MDA levels were lower with isoflurane than in the halothane, sevoflurane, and control groups at 1, 3, and 5 h (P<0.001). MDA levels were higher as compared with the halothane and sevoflurane groups at 1 h but not at 3 or 5 h (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MDA levels with the isoflurane group were lower than in the other trauma groups, which suggest that isoflurane, given after closed head trauma, might be protective against lipid peroxidation of cerebral injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Kirklareli Hospital, Edirne, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yurdakoc
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gunday
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Memiş
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D006221:Halothane / Q000494:pharmacology; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000378:metabolism*; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism*; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology; D023421:Models, Animal; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007530:Isoflurane; D006221:Halothane