title: Alkaline extraction in combination with microwave-assisted extraction followed by solid-phase extraction treatment for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a sediment sample.
abstract: Microwave-assisted extraction using 1M KOH/methanol (alkaline-MAE) in combination with solid-phase extraction treatment was developed and applied to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a sediment sample. Although various conditions were examined (100 or 150 degrees C for 10 or 30 min), comparable concentrations of PAHs to those obtained by conventional extraction with 1M KOH/methanol at 70 degrees C for 4h were obtained, even at 100 degrees C for 10 min. The concentrations obtained by using MeOH at 150 degrees C for 30 min without KOH were lower (by 1.3-37%) than those obtained by alkaline-MAE at 150 degrees C for 30 min. Since the developed technique can introduce higher concentration of benzo[ghi]perylene relative to those using pressurized liquid extraction (toluene, 150 degrees C, 15 MPa, 10 min, two cycles), the developed alkaline-MAE is a effective technique.
authors.affiliation: National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan. nobuyasu-itoh@aist.go.jp
authors.forename: Nobuyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Numata
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yarita
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies / Q000737:chemistry*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D008872:Microwaves; D010569:Perylene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D010569:Perylene; C006718:1,12-benzoperylene