title: Aluminum-mediated metabolic changes in rat serum and urine: a proton nuclear magnetic resonance study.
abstract: The toxic effects of Al(3+) have been studied in 90-days AlCl(3) orally treated male albino rats (n = 7) using (1)H NMR spectroscopy-based metabolic profile of rat serum and urine, serum enzyme tests, behavioral impairment, and histopathology of kidney and liver. Metabolic profile of 90-days Al(3+)-treated rat sera showed significantly elevated levels of alanine, glutamine, beta-hydroxy-butyrate, and acetoacetate and significantly decreased level of acetone when compared with that of control rats. However, metabolic profile of 90-days Al(3+)-treated rat urine showed significantly decreased levels of citrate, creatinine, allantoin, trans-aconitate, and succinate and significantly increased level of acetate when compared to control rats. The overall perturbations observed in the metabolic profile of serum and urine demonstrate the impairment in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, liver and kidney metabolism, which was further reinstated by clinical chemistry and histopathological observations. Moreover, "in vivo" behavioral impairment has also been observed as the indication of aluminum neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Chattrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Somashekar
authors.forename: Abbas Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Farzana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Raja
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Khetrapal
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood*; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood*; D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood*; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011522:Protons; D051381:Rats; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D000535:Aluminum; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase