Impingement syndromes of the ankle.
The term "ankle impingement" encompasses several distinct clinical entities resulting from entrapment of either an osseous or soft tissue structure. Three types of ankle impingement -- anterior, anterolateral, and posterior -- are well understood and have been described relatively well in the medical literature. Three additional categories of ankle impingement -- anteromedial, posteromedial, and syndesmotic -- are being recognized increasingly in the orthopedic community but have only scant references in the literature. The six types of ankle impingement are discussed separately, including a description of the typical clinical presentation, pertinent anatomy, pathophysiology, the role of imaging, and the various treatment options available.
Sanders
Timothy G
TG
National Musculoskeletal Imaging, Weston, FL 33326, USA. radmantgs@cs.com
Rathur
Sharik Kabir
SK
D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013577:Syndrome