title: Low-level mosaicism of trisomy 14: phenotypic and molecular characterization.
abstract: Trisomy 14 mosaicism is a rare cytogenetic abnormality with a defined and recognizable clinical phenotype. We present a detailed clinical history and physical findings of five patients with low-level mosaicism of trisomy 14 detected by array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) analysis or by routine chromosome analysis. These patients exhibited growth and developmental delays with variable severity, congenital anomalies, pigmentary skin lesions, and dysmorphic features. The phenotype of our patients was compared with previously described cases. This report suggests that trisomy 14 mosaicism may be more common than has been previously appreciated and also illustrates the important application of array-CGH to detect low-level mosaic chromosome abnormalities. We predict that a wider application of the array-CGH technology will significantly increase the detection rate of low-level mosaicism and will subsequently improve our ability to provide a diagnosis for patients with dysmorphic features, congenital anomalies, and developmental delay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Marwan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shinawi
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Linda Jo Bone
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Jeng
authors.forename: Chad A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Ankita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bacino
authors.forename: Vernon R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belmont
authors.forename: Sau Wai
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology; D005183:Failure to Thrive / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009030:Mosaicism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D014314:Trisomy