title: The term diplegia should be enhanced. Part III: inter-observer reliability of the new rehabilitation oriented classification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to validate a recent classification of gait in children with the spastic diplegic form of cerebral palsy (CP) by checking the reliability of different scorers in assigning subject walking performance to one of the four specific patterns described in the classification.
  
  
  METHODS
  The gait patterns of 50 children and adolescents with CP (23 males, 27 females; age range 3-17 years) were selected among patients whose videos were stored in the archives of the Pisa and Reggio Emilia Hospitals. Only video recordings of gait with homogeneous features (duration of at least 90 s, simultaneous recordings on sagittal and frontal views, and other criteria) were taken for examination. The videos were blindly scored using an observational gait scale, at first by two of the authors of the classification system (defined as ''maximum experts''), then by ten expert observers, and finally by 206 professionals of rehabilitation after a one-day training on the classification. Cohen's kappa statistics (k) and intra class correlations (ICC) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kappa and ICC indicate an almost perfect agreement both between the two maximum experts and among the ten expert observers. Good results were also obtained in the group of one-day trained scorers. Only a few cases were assigned to the ''unclassified'' category. The profession of the observer (doctor or therapist) and previous knowledge of the classification had no significant influence on reliability scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the proposed classification can be reliably applied, even utilizing short video recordings, to arrange diplegic children into different patterns. Further studies are needed to validate the use of this classification system for clinical and research aims.
authors.affiliation: Division of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pascale
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perazza
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bianchini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alboresi
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Paolicelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cioni
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000145:classification* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000503:physiopathology; D015588:Observer Variation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014741:Video Recording