[Management according to the Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines of patients with near-fatal asthma reduces morbidity and mortality].
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effect of adequate outpatient care as defined by guidelines of the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) on the long-term outcome of near-fatal asthma.


METHODS
Fifty-three patients who had experienced a near-fatal attack of asthma were treated according to the GINA guidelines and followed for a mean of 49 months (intervention group). Clinical and spirometric measurements corresponding to the periods before the attack (obtained retrospectively) and after the attack (obtained prospectively) were compared to measurements from 40 near-fatal asthma patients who had not been managed according to the GINA guidelines and who were followed for a mean of 51 months (historic control group).


RESULTS
There were no deaths in the intervention group and 6 deaths (15%) in the control group (P=.005). The mean (SD) number of new near-fatal asthma attacks was significantly lower in the intervention group (0.17 [0.61]) than in the control group (1.6 [1]) (P< .001). Emergency visits following a near-fatal asthma attack decreased from 0.9 (1.8) to 0.3 (0.6) in the intervention group and hospital admissions decreased from 3.4 (5.1) to 0.5 (1.4) (P< .001). Eosinophil count decreased from 390 (411) x l0(9) cells/L to 159 (121) x l0(9) cells/L (P=.01) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second increased from 68% (23%) of predicted to 76% (20%) (P=.006).


CONCLUSIONS
Management according to the GINA guidelines of patients who had experienced a near-fatal asthma attack was associated with a decrease in asthma morbidity and mortality.
Rodríguez-Trigo
Gema
G
Servicio de Neumología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario Juan Canalejo, A Coruña, España. grodtri@canalejo.org
Plaza
Vicente
V
Picado
César
C
Sanchis
Joaquín
J
D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies