title: Novel links between the long pentraxin 3, endothelial dysfunction, and albuminuria in early and advanced chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Albuminuria and inflammation predict cardiovascular events. Pentraxin 3, an inflammatory mediator produced by, among others, endothelial cells, may have a role in atherogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 207 Swedish patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease and 79 Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes and proteinuria and normal renal function, whether serum pentraxin 3 levels are associated with albuminuria and endothelial dysfunction was studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease and a high degree of albuminuria more often had diabetes and higher levels of pentraxin 3, vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1, and blood pressure. Moreover, pentraxin 3 was independently associated with 24-h urinary albumin excretion. In patients with type 2 diabetes, pentraxin 3 was significantly higher than in control subjects. Patients with type 2 diabetes and more proteinuria had higher pentraxin 3, C-reactive protein, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment index as well as lower flow-mediated dilation and serum albumin. Pentraxin 3 was positively correlated with C-reactive protein, homeostasis model assessment index, and carotid intima-media thickness and negatively with flow-mediated dilation. Pentraxin 3 and glomerular filtration rate were independently associated with 24-h urinary protein excretion. Only pentraxin 3 and proteinuria were significantly and independently associated with flow-mediated dilation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In two different renal cohorts, one of stage 5 chronic kidney disease and one of type 2 diabetes and normal renal function, pentraxin 3 was independently associated with proteinuria. Moreover, both pentraxin 3 and proteinuria were associated with endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mohamed E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Suliman
authors.forename: Mahmut I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Carrero
authors.forename: Abdul Rashid
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Mutlu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saglam
authors.forename: Osman M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Ipcioglu
authors.forename: Mujdat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yenicesu
authors.forename: Mengli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Olof
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Heimbürger
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barany
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvestrand
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lindholm
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stenvinkel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013548:Sweden; D014421:Turkey; D014463:Ultrasonography; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D014664:Vasodilation; D000099153:Pentraxins
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D000683:Serum Amyloid P-Component; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D000099153:Pentraxins