title: WITHDRAWN: Acellular vaccines for preventing whooping cough in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Routine use of whole cell pertussis vaccines was suspended in some countries in the late 1970s and early 1980s, leading to a resurgence of whooping cough. Acellular pertussis vaccines containing purified or recombinant Bordetella pertussis antigens were developed in the hope that they would be as effective but less toxic than the whole cell vaccines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this review was to assess the effects of acellular pertussis vaccines in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and Medline were searched up to January 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind randomised efficacy and safety trials of acellular pertussis vaccines in children, with active follow-up of participants and laboratory verification of pertussis cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  One reviewer assessed trial quality and extracted data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six efficacy trials and 45 safety trials were included. Acellular pertussis vaccines with three or more pertussis vaccines were more effective than those with one or two antigens. They were also more effective than one type of whole cell pertussis vaccine, but less effective than two other types of whole cell vaccines. Differences in trial design precluded pooling of the efficacy data and results should be interpreted with caution. Most systemic and local adverse events were significantly less common with acellular than with whole cell pertussis vaccines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multi-component acellular pertussis vaccines are effective, and show less adverse effects than whole cell pertussis vaccines. However in areas where whooping cough is more likely to be fatal, the higher toxicity of some whole cell vaccines may be offset by their increased effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia, 0200.
authors.forename: Owen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tinnion
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanlon
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014917:Whooping Cough / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine