title: Effects of glutamate-related drugs on marble-burying behavior in mice: implications for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
abstract: Clinical evidence demonstrates altered glutamatergic neurotransmission in patients suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We examined the effects of glutamate-related drugs on marble-burying behavior, which is an animal model of OCD. The uncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists memantine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and amantadine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly inhibited marble-burying behavior without affecting locomotor activity in mice. Similarly, the uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist 5R,10S-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo(a,d)cyclohepten-5,10-imine hydrogen maleate (MK-801, 0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited marble-burying behavior. However, MK-801 at the same dose markedly increased locomotor activity. By contrast, the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptor antagonist 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-nitro-2,3-dioxo-benzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide (NBQX) and the glutamate release inhibitor riluzole showed no effect on marble-burying behavior and significant suppression of locomotor activity. MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) and memantine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly disrupted prepulse inhibition as an operational measure of sensorimotor gating. By contrast, amantadine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) did not affect prepulse inhibition. These findings suggest that amantadine could be a useful drug for the treatment of OCD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Egashira
authors.forename: Ryoko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Michihiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Ryozo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000547:Amantadine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008559:Memantine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects; D019782:Riluzole / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D011810:Quinoxalines; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; C062865:2,3-dioxo-6-nitro-7-sulfamoylbenzo(f)quinoxaline; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D019782:Riluzole; D000547:Amantadine; D008559:Memantine