title: An inquiry into the nature of the pigmented lesion above Franklin Delano Roosevelt's left eyebrow.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little note was taken when Franklin Delano Roosevelt was alive and since his death of the pigmented lesion above his left eyebrow that fulfilled clinical criteria for melanoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  On morphologic grounds alone, it is im possible to exclude the possibility that Roosevelt had a melanoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The failure of observers of Roosevelt, especially his physicians, to comment on his riveting facial lesion and to identify it as a probable melanoma speaks volumes about how flawed were clinical criteria for diagnosis of flat and slightly raised lesions of melanoma in the 1930s and 1940s.
authors.affiliation: Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, 145 E 32nd St, 10th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA. jdelarose@ameripath.com
authors.forename: A Bernard
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ackerman
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lomazow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005138:Eyebrows; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000266:history*; D005197:Famous Persons; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000266:history*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States