Immunotherapy against angiogenesis-associated targets: evidence and implications for the treatment of malignant glioma.
Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from previously existing vasculature, is a requirement for tumor growth and metastasis. The first US FDA-approved drugs targeting angiogenesis have shown potential in the treatment of malignant gliomas. Immunotherapy as a treatment modality lends itself well to specifically targeting angiogenesis in tumors and may represent a powerful tool in the treatment of malignant gliomas. This review focuses on developments in immunotherapy targeting angiogenesis and tumor-vascular-specific endothelial cells using a variety of immunotherapeutic strategies including monoclonal antibodies and conjugated immunotoxins, as well as cellular, peptide, DNA and dendritic cell vaccines.
Everson
Richard G
RG
Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Box 3050 Med Ctr, Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA. richard.everson@duke.edu
Graner
Michael W
MW
Gromeier
Matthias
M
Vredenburgh
James J
JJ
Desjardins
Annick
A
Reardon
David A
DA
Friedman
Henry S
HS
Friedman
Allan H
AH
Bigner
Darell D
DD
Sampson
John H
JH
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005910:Glioma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016499:Radioimmunotherapy; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000627:therapeutic use; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D000922:Immunotoxins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor