title: Face bow and articulator for planning orthognathic surgery: 2 articulator.
abstract: Patients who require orthognathic surgery may have asymmetry of the position of the temporomandibular joints relative to the maxilla, which is impossible to reproduce on the current semiadjustable articulators used for surgical planning. We describe a highly-adjustable spirit level orthognathic face bow that allows records to be made of patients with asymmetrical maxillae. The orthognathic articulator also allows the position of the condylar components of the articulator to be adjusted in three dimensions. The use of the new face bow and articulator made it possible to mount the dental casts of asymmetrical faces to reproduce their clinical appearance. The devices were evaluated by comparing the measurements of anatomical variables obtained from cephalometric radiographs with equivalent values obtained from the orthognathic articulator and casts mounted on the articulator. Although the measurements showed significant intersubject variability, the angle between the horizontal and maxillary occlusal plane, occlusal cant angle, and intercondylar widths, were not significantly different.
authors.affiliation: Southern General Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Fraser
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Ashraf F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Ayoub
authors.forename: Khursheed F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Moos
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barbenel
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D003725:Dental Articulators; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D004867:Equipment Design; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006257:Head / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D003765:Models, Dental; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011187:Posture; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000473:pathology