title: Sonographic appearances of the normal ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the sonographic characteristics of the normal ulnar nerve in the cubital tunnel, as well as any differences related to age, sex, and dominant arm.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred twelve elbows in healthy volunteers were evaluated sonographically. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the ulnar nerve within the cubital tunnel was measured with the elbow in extension and in flexion. The presence and number of fascicles was determined. The displacement of the ulnar nerve out of the cubital tunnel in full elbow flexion was also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean +/- SD CSA of the ulnar nerve was 6.6 +/- 1.7 mm(2) (6.7 +/- 1.8 mm(2) in men and 6.5 +/- 1.7 mm(2) in women). The mean CSA of the ulnar nerve was highest for subjects aged 50-59 years, and lowest for subjects aged 30-39 years. Forty-two of 212 (19.8%) ulnar nerves had 2 fascicles, and 5 (2.4%) had 3 fascicles. The remaining 165 (77.8%) nerves had 1 fascicle. During elbow flexion, 49 of 212 (23.1%) ulnar nerves showed subluxation, and 18 (8.5%) were dislocated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were differences in the CSA of the ulnar nerve between some age groups, but there was no variation with sex or handedness. Sonography can evaluate the morphologic changes of the nerve during flexion of the elbow.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, GATA Haydarpasa Teaching Hospital, Radyoloji Servisi, Uskudar, Istanbul 34668, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.forename: Guner
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sonmez
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colak
authors.forename: H Onur
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Sildiroglu
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: Mehmet Guney
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Senol
authors.forename: C Cinar
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Basekim
authors.forename: Esref
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kizilkaya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014459:Ulnar Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography