title: Turned Brånemark System implants in wide and narrow edentulous maxillae: a retrospective clinical study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The available jawbone volume is regarded as one of the most important factors when assessing the prognosis of oral implants in the rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current investigation was to retrospectively evaluate and compare the outcome of implants placed in edentulous maxillae with either wide or narrow jaw shapes. The marginal bone loss and implant cumulative survival rates (CSRs) were calculated and analyzed with special reference to smoking habits.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 75 individuals with edentulous maxillae, of which 33 patients exhibited wide (group A) and 42 patients exhibited narrow jaw shapes (group B). A total of 506 turned Brånemark System (Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden) implants were inserted (226 in group A and 279 in group B) and followed clinically up to 7 years. Smoking habits were recorded. Radiographs were obtained at connection of prostheses, and at the 1- and 5-year follow-up visit. The marginal bone loss was calculated for the groups and analyzed using t-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-eight implants were lost during the study period, revealing implant CSRs at 7 years of 94.6% (11/226) and 93.6% (17/279) for wide and narrow crests, respectively. No difference in marginal bone loss was seen between the two groups, although a trend toward more bone loss was recorded for patients with wide crests. Smoking habits were more common in group A (45%) than in group B (31%). During the first year of function, smokers lost significantly more marginal bone than nonsmokers (p = .0447), albeit this difference did not prevail (p > .05) at the end of the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implant CSRs at 7 years were equally good for the two groups of patients with various jaw shapes. Initially, smokers showed significantly more marginal bone loss than nonsmokers.
authors.affiliation: The Brånemark Clinic, Public Dental Health Service, Göteborg, Sweden. bertil.friberg@vgregion.se
authors.forename: Bertil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Friberg
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jemt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants