Regulation of hypophysiotrophic corticotrophin-releasing hormone- and thyrotrophin-releasing hormone-synthesising neurones by brainstem catecholaminergic neurones.
Hypophysiotrophic corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH)- and thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH)-synthesising neurones are the principal hypothalamic regulators of glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone secretion, respectively. These two neuroendocrine cell populations are closely situated in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and are targets of neuronal afferent pathways that convey important signals for adapting the neurosecretory activity of CRH and TRH neurones to actual demands. The catecholaminergic afferents of CRH and TRH neurones originate from both noradrenaline- and adrenaline-synthesising cell groups located in the brainstem, and collectively represent one of the most well studied neural inputs of these neurones. The present review summarises the data obtained in recent years concerning the functional significance of the catecholaminergic innervation of hypophysiotrophic CRH and TRH neurones in rats.
Wittmann
G
G
Department of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary. wittmann@koki.hu
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000502:physiology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D004777:Environment; D007107:Immune System / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010286:Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D010906:Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002395:Catecholamines; D010906:Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone