title: Surgical mask filter and fit performance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical masks have been used since the early 1900s to minimize infection of surgical wounds from wearer-generated bacteria. There is ongoing debate, however, whether surgical masks can meet the expectations of respiratory protection devices. The goal of this study was to evaluate the filter performance and facial fit of a sample of surgical masks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Filter penetration was measured for at least 3 replicates of 9 surgical masks using monodisperse latex sphere aerosols (0.895, 2.0, and 3.1 microm) at 6 L/min and 0.075-microm sodium chloride particles at 84 L/min. Facial fit was measured on 20 subjects for the 5 masks with lowest particle penetration, using both qualitative and quantitative fit tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Masks typically used in dental settings collected particles with significantly lower efficiency than those typically used in hospital settings. All subjects failed the unassisted qualitative fit test on the first exercise (normal breathing). Eighteen subjects failed the assisted qualitative fit tests; 60% failed on the first exercise. Quantitative fit factors ranged from 2.5 to 9.6.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  None of these surgical masks exhibited adequate filter performance and facial fit characteristics to be considered respiratory protection devices.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Tara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oberg
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Brosseau
mesh_terms: D004868:Equipment Failure; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000592:standards*; D017758:Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008397:Masks / Q000592:standards*; D009314:National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. / Q000592:standards; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012134:Respiratory Protective Devices / Q000592:standards*; D014481:United States; D014489:United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D052638:Particulate Matter