title: Immunotherapy against angiogenesis-associated targets: evidence and implications for the treatment of malignant glioma.
abstract: Angiogenesis, the growth of new blood vessels from previously existing vasculature, is a requirement for tumor growth and metastasis. The first US FDA-approved drugs targeting angiogenesis have shown potential in the treatment of malignant gliomas. Immunotherapy as a treatment modality lends itself well to specifically targeting angiogenesis in tumors and may represent a powerful tool in the treatment of malignant gliomas. This review focuses on developments in immunotherapy targeting angiogenesis and tumor-vascular-specific endothelial cells using a variety of immunotherapeutic strategies including monoclonal antibodies and conjugated immunotoxins, as well as cellular, peptide, DNA and dendritic cell vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Box 3050 Med Ctr, Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA. richard.everson@duke.edu
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Everson
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Graner
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gromeier
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Vredenburgh
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Desjardins
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Reardon
authors.forename: Henry S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Allan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Darell D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Bigner
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sampson
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005910:Glioma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016499:Radioimmunotherapy; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000627:therapeutic use; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D000922:Immunotoxins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor