title: Effect of combined exercise training on bone, body balance, and gait ability: a randomized controlled study in community-dwelling elderly women.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a 48-week multicomponent exercise program could improve the risk factors for fall and hip fracture. Fifty elderly women 65-70 years of age participated. These participants were divided into an exercise group (25 subjects) that attended an exercise program and a control group (25 subjects) that did not. The exercise program included stretching for 9 min, strength training for 10 min followed by 23 min of weight-bearing exercise at an intensity above 65%-75% of the maximal heart rate, and 18 min of balance and posture correction training. The program was conducted three times per week for 48 weeks. The 10-m maximal walk time, maximal step length, and eyes-open-one-legged-stand time in the exercise group improved significantly (P < 0.05). Concerning deoxypyridinoline, the exercise group achieved a significant improvement (P < 0.05) after the 48 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the femoral neck and trochanter in the exercise group was significantly increased after the exercise program; also body sway was significantly improved (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a multi-component exercise program with weight-bearing exercise at a moderate intensity and gait training may be effective in offsetting a decline in BMD and improving aggravation of bone resorption in this population. In addition, this program has a positive effect on postural stability and gait ability.
authors.affiliation: Genomics for Longevity and Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan. tonypark@p.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hyuntae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kang Jung
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Taiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Sang Kab
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yoshiteru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mutoh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors