title: Multiplex PCR and oligonucleotide microarray for detection of single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance.
abstract: Drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is a serious public health threat in the countries where this organism is endemic. Since resistance has been associated with specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in parasite genes, molecular markers are becoming useful surrogates for monitoring the emergence and dispersion of drug resistance. In this study, a multiplex PCR (mPCR) and oligonucleotide microarray method was developed for the detection of these SNPs in genes encoding chloroquine resistance transporter (Pfcrt), multidrug resistance 1 (Pfmdr1), dihydrofolate reductase (Pfdhfr), dihydropteroate synthetase (Pfdhps), and ATPase 6 (PfATPase6) of P. falciparum. The results show that DNA microarray technology, combined with mPCR, is a promising and time-saving tool that supports conventional detection methods, allowing sensitive, accurate, simultaneous analysis of the SNPs associated with drug resistance in P. falciparum.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Malaria, Schistosomiasis, and Filariasis, 207 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Guo Qing
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ya Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Hai Hui
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hua Sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Lin Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics*; D004094:Dihydropteroate Synthase / Q000235:genetics; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D017931:DNA Primers; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D004094:Dihydropteroate Synthase; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C513500:ATP6 protein, Plasmodium falciparum; C513498:Mdr1 protein, Plasmodium falciparum; C416369:PfCRT protein, Plasmodium falciparum