The predictive validity of a brief inpatient neuropsychologic battery for persons with traumatic brain injury.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the predictive validity of a brief neuropsychologic test battery consisting of the Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test, the California Verbal Learning Test-II, Trail-Making Test (TMT), Symbol Digit Modalities Test, grooved pegboard, phonemic and categorical word generation tasks, the Wechsler Test of Adult Reading (WTAR), and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-64 relative to functional outcome at 1 year in persons with traumatic brain injury.


METHODS
Inception cohort study. Follow-up period of 12 months.


METHODS
Seven Traumatic Brain Injury Model System centers. Neuropsychologic testing was conducted during the acute inpatient rehabilitation stay and functional outcome measures were obtained at 1-year outpatient follow-up.


METHODS
Adults (N=174) who met criteria for admission to inpatient brain injury rehabilitation.


METHODS
Not applicable.


METHODS
FIM instrument, Disability Rating Scale, Supervision Rating Scale, Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended.


RESULTS
Multiple regression analyses revealed that performance on the neuropsychologic test battery was predictive of outcome at 1 year postinjury for all outcome measures, except FIM motor scores and the SWLS. Cognitive performance using this battery was found to predict 1-year outcomes above and beyond functional variables and injury severity variables collected during inpatient rehabilitation, thereby indicating incremental validity for this test battery. Individual tests that were found to be significant predictors of 1-year outcomes included the WTAR and TMT part B.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings support the clinical utility and ecological validity of this battery with respect to level of disability, functional independence, and supervision required.
Hanks
Robin A
RA
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA. rhanks@med.wayne.edu
Millis
Scott R
SR
Ricker
Joseph H
JH
Giacino
Joseph T
JT
Nakese-Richardson
Risa
R
Frol
Alan B
AB
Novack
Tom A
TA
Kalmar
Kathleen
K
Sherer
Mark
M
Gordon
Wayne A
WA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011594:Psychometrics; D012044:Regression Analysis