title: Restrictive dermopathy: a rare laminopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Restrictive dermopathy (RD) belongs to the laminopathies and mostly shows an autosomal recessive heredity pattern. This rare genetic disorder is lethal for the newborn in the neonatal period. Clinical and pathological findings are distinctive and allow for a specific diagnosis in most cases. Furthermore, polyhydramnios, decreased foetal movement, facial dysmorphisms and arthrogryposis are characteristic of RD. Respiratory insufficiency leads to an early neonatal death.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present the case of an affected infant and a review of the previously reported cases in the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The infant showed thin, shiny skin with exfoliating desquamation, a small, round and open mouth, low-set ears, a small pinched nose, joint contractures at all four extremities and distinctive pulmonic atelectasis. It died 3 h and 20 min post-partum. Histologically, the skin showed the typical pattern of an RD with the epidermis covered by an exfoliated, hyperkeratotic horn layer, clearly hypoplastic hair follicles and a considerably reduced dermis thickness, although it had a massive subcutaneous adipose tissue. Electron microscopically, the diagnosis was confirmed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to know about this disease and to distinguish it from others like keratinization malfunctions such as ichtyosis, congenital, developmental and akinesia disturbance, etc., to know the prognosis for the affected newborn and to provide sufficient (genetic) counselling to the families. This disorder is caused by dominant mutations of the LMNA (primary laminopathy) or recessive mutations of the ZMPSTE24 (FACE1) (secondary laminopathy) genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Offenbach, Starkenburgring 66, 63069, Offenbach, Germany. marc.thill@uk-sh.de
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thill
authors.forename: Thuy Duong
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wehnert
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hausser
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jackisch
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012868:Skin Abnormalities / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult