title: Apoptosis related genes expressed in cultured Fallopian tube epithelial cells infected in vitro with Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infection of the Fallopian tubes (FT) by Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ngo) can lead to acute salpingitis, an inflammatory condition resulting in damage primarily to the ciliated cells, with loss of ciliary activity and sloughing of the cells from the epithelium. Recently, we have shown that Ngo infection induced apoptosis in FT epithelium cells by a TNF-alpha dependent mechanism that could contribute to the cell and tissue damage observed in gonococcal salpingitis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the apoptosis-related genes expressed during apoptosis induction in cultured FT epithelial cells infected in vitro by Ngo.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the current study, we used cDNA macroarrays and real time PCR to identify and determine the expression levels of apoptosis related genes during the in vitro gonococci infection of FT epithelial cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant apoptosis was induced following infection with Ngo. Macroarray analysis identified the expression of multiple genes of the TNF receptor family (TNFRSF1B, -4, -6, -10A, -10B and -10D) and the Bcl-2 family (BAK1, BAX, BLK, HRK and MCL-1) without differences between controls and infected cells. This lack of difference was confirmed by RT-PCR of BAX, Bcl-2, TNFRS1A (TNFR-I) and TNFRSF1B (TNFR-II).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several genes related to apoptosis are expressed in primary cultures of epithelial cells of the human Fallopian tube. Infection with Ngo induces apoptosis without changes in the pattern of gene expression of several apoptosis-related genes. RESULTS strongly suggest that Ngo regulates apoptosis in the FT by post-transcriptional mechanisms that need to be further addressed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Paz A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: Macarena F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: Katherine P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Paulina S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rubilar
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Navarrete
authors.forename: Pamela M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ríos
authors.forename: Pedro A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Orihuela
authors.forename: Renato H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: Víctor H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heckels
authors.forename: Myron
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christodoulides
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cárdenas
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Velasquez
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012488:Salpingitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor