[A nationwide survey for implementation of Health Japan 21 anti-smoking countermeasures in municipalities throughout Japan].
OBJECTIVE
Smoking cessation is one of the most important items for improvement of health in Japan. The Japanese government started a new campaign called the "Health Japan 21" to promote better health of Japanese citizens in the 21st century. The purpose of the present study was to observe the situation of the municipalities throughout Japan regarding implementation of anti-smoking countermeasures and setting of the level of target values to be achieved over the next ten years.


METHODS
Mail questionnaire forms were sent to 953 municipalities which had formulated specific local plans for the promotion of health. Of this total, 793 (83.2%) responded to the inquiry.


RESULTS
The most commonly implemented countermeasure against smoking was restricting smoking only to limited areas in municipality offices (75%), followed by providing support for stopping smoking (35%), and providing a complete smoke free environment in municipality offices (32.4%). Proportions of local governments putting a ban on smoking on public roads (7.5%), giving publicity to restaurants with smoking restrictions (< 5%) and setting no smoking times in the municipality offices (< 5%) were low. Some 70% of municipalities provided anti-smoking education for school children. Very few local governments took measures such as identifying age at purchasing tobacco, removing vending machines and restricting tobacco advertisement.


CONCLUSIONS
Most municipalities have made much of anti-smoking activities. However, measures for school children were not satisfactorily implemented. The execution rates for anti-smoking activities are low in small-scale municipalities and therefore it is necessary to provide particular support in these cases.
Shinmura
Hiromi
H
Saitama Prefectural University, School of Health and Social Services.
Wakabayashi
Chihiro
C
Kunisawa
Naoko
N
Kayaba
Kazunori
K
Miura
Yoshihiko
Y
Ojima
Toshiyuki
T
Yanagawa
Hiroshi
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*