title: Interaction of salvianolic acids and notoginsengnosides in inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation.
abstract: Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng were both considered to be beneficial to cardiovascular diseases in traditional Chinese medicine and often used in combination. To examine the possible interaction between them, the effects of the active fractions of these two herbs, salvianolic acids (SA) and notoginsengnosides (NG), on platelet aggregation were checked respectively or in combination in vitro and in vivo. Both the platelet aggregation of platelet rich plasma (PRP) and washed platelet after ADP induction were checked. In vitro study showed that both SA and NG had an inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. However, there is no synergistic effect of the combination of SA and NG in vitro. In vivo study showed that i.g. 550 mg/kg/day SA or NG for 5 days could significantly inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation of PRP. Moreover, combination of SA and NG at a ratio of 5:1 had a synergistic effect on platelet aggregation of PRP. The mechanism for the synergism of SA and NG in vivo was not clear. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the plasma of rats received SA, NG or combination of SA and NG showed that co-administration of NG caused change in the plasma distribution profile of SA. The influence of combination on the absorption and/or metabolism of SA may be one of the reasons for the synergism of SA and NG in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Wan-Ying
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ai-Hua
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shao-Sheng
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Kai-Shun
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: De-An
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007773:Lactates / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010618:Phenanthrolines / Q000737:chemistry; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007773:Lactates; C519374:Panax notoginseng extract; D010618:Phenanthrolines; D012503:Saponins; C516809:notoginsenoside K; C028972:dan-shen root extract; C066201:salvianolic acid A; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate