title: Correlation between posterior vaginal wall defects assessed by clinical examination and by defecography.
abstract: To estimate the accuracy of clinical examination and the indications for defecography in patients with primary posterior wall prolapse. Fifty-nine patients with primary pelvic organ prolapse were evaluated with a questionnaire, clinical examination and defecography. Defecography was used as reference standard. There was no relation between bowel complaints and posterior wall prolapse evaluated by clinical examination (p = 0.33), nor between bowel complaints and rectocele (p = 0.19) or enterocele (p = 0.99) assessed by defecography. The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination in diagnosing rectocele was 0.42, sensitivity was 1.0 and specificity was 0.23. The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination in diagnosing enterocele was 0.73, with a sensitivity of 0.07 and a specificity of 0.95. Clinical examination is not accurate to assess anatomic defects of the posterior vaginal wall. Defecography is recommended as a helpful diagnostic tool in the work-up of patients with posterior vaginal wall prolapse if surgical repair is considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. a.g.groenendijk@olvg.nl
authors.forename: Annette G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Groenendijk
authors.forename: Victor P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: van der Hulst
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Birnie
authors.forename: Gouke J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Bonsel
mesh_terms: D019841:Defecography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014621:Vagina / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*