title: Effects of garlic on the induction of ventricular fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have shown that oral and intravenous administrations of garlic provide a significant antiarrhythmic effect and improve defibrillation efficacy. We tested the hypothesis that garlic could decrease the inducibility of ventricular arrhythmia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one pigs (25-30 kg) were divided into three groups. In each group, the ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT) and the upper limit of vulnerability (ULV) were determined. After the control VFT and ULV values were obtained, solutions containing 20 mg/kg (group 1, n = 7) and 40 mg/kg (group 2, n = 7) of garlic (1.3% allicin) were administered intravenously. The VFT and ULV were determined again at the end of garlic infusion. In group 3 (n = 7), 100 mL of normal saline was administered instead of garlic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The VFT values in groups 1 and 2 were not different from the control VFT. The ULV in group 1 was not different from the control ULV. However, the ULV in group 2 (328 +/- 58 V, 8 +/- 3 J) was significantly lower than the control ULV (415 +/- 24 V, 13 +/- 2 J), thus accounting for the reduction of approximately 21% by peak voltage and approximately 38% by energy. The effective refractory period and diastolic pacing threshold were not altered after garlic infusion. Saline did not alter VFT or ULV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Garlic cannot alter the VFT, but it significantly decreases the ULV in a dose-dependent pattern, indicating that it can reduce the range of the stimulation strength between the VFT and ULV (vulnerability window) during the vulnerable period of a cardiac cycle.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, and Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Rattapong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sungnoon
authors.forename: Natnicha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanlop
authors.forename: Siriporn C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chattipakorn
authors.forename: Rodjana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tawan
authors.forename: Nipon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chattipakorn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004597:Electroshock; D005260:Female; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry*; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000187:drug effects*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts