[Role of intestinal flora in insulin resistance and obesity].
Intestinal flora can be modified by diet in both humans and rodents. Excess caloric intake in obese humans and rodents promotes proliferation of the bacterial phylum Firmicutes. Bacteria of the Firmicutes phylum permit more efficient intestinal extraction of nutrients. Oral transplantation of Firmicutes flora into axenic mice is sufficient to make them obese. The translocation towards the general circulation of the lipopolysaccharides released by lysis of Gram-negative intestinal bacilli promotes systemic inflammation. This inflammation plays a role in the genesis of insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in rodents. Pharmacological or dietary manipulation of intestinal flora may be a new strategy for treatment of overweight and its complications.
Yazigi
Amal
A
Service de diabétologie-endocrinologie-nutrition, CHU Bichat Claude Bernard, F-75877 Paris Cedex 18, France.
Gaborit
Bénédicte
B
Nogueira
Juan Patricio
JP
Butiler
Maria-Elena
ME
Andreelli
Fabrizio
F
D000818:Animals; D001433:Bacteriolysis; D001835:Body Weight; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000382:microbiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism
D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial