title: Incidence of and risk factors for sexual orientation-related physical assault among young men who have sex with men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine incidence of, prevalence of, and risk factors for sexual orientation-related physical assault in young men who have sex with men (MSM).
  
  
  METHODS
  We completed a prospective open cohort study of young MSM in Vancouver, British Columbia, surveyed annually between 1995 and 2004. Correlates of sexual orientation-related physical assault before enrollment were identified with logistic regression. Risk factors for incident assaults were determined with Cox regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At enrollment, 84 (16%) of 521 MSM reported ever experiencing assault related to actual or perceived sexual orientation. Incidence was 2.3 per 100 person-years; cumulative incidence at 6-year follow-up was 10.8 per 100 person-years. Increased risk of incident sexual orientation-related physical assault was observed among MSM 23 years or younger (relative hazard=3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.6, 5.8), Canadian Aboriginal people (relative hazard = 3.0; 95% CI=1.4, 6.2), and those who previously experienced such assault (relative hazard=2.5; 95% CI=1.3, 4.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data underscore the need for increased public awareness, surveillance, and support to reduce assault against young MSM. Such efforts should be coordinated at the community level to ensure that social norms dictate that such acts are unacceptable.
authors.affiliation: British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, Vancouver, Canada.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lampinen
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Aranka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anema
authors.forename: Mary Lou
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Arn J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Schilder
authors.forename: Martin T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Schechter
authors.forename: Robert Stephen
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hogg
authors.forename: Steffanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Strathdee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression; D001727:Bisexuality; D001955:British Columbia; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011287:Prejudice; D015995:Prevalence; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires