title: Film retakes in digital and conventional radiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the film-retake rates and causes in digital radiography comparison to conventional X-rays method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiology Department, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2004 to December 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  X-rays of different body parts, conducted during the year 2004, with conventional radiography (n=170300), and in 2006 with digital radiography (n=174550), were included in this study. Measurements were done for number of X-rays re-take due to different quality control reasons for both the conventional and digital radiography. Quality control reasons included underexposure, overexposure, positioning errors, patient movements, portable X-rays, grid cutoff, and others (i.e. equipment related) due to which X-ray quality was questionable. Results were expressed in percentages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 9423 X-rays (5.5%) were repeated in conventional radiography (n=170300) due to underexposure (38%), overexposure (28.5%), positioning errors (25%), portable procedures (4%), patient movement (2%), grid cut-off (0.5%), and others (2%). Underexposure was the most frequently responsible factor for the X-ray repetition as compared to other factors (p<0.001). In digital radiography (n=174550), 1464 X-rays (1%) needed to be repeated, which was significantly less in comparison to X-ray repetition in conventional method of radiography (5.5%) [p<0.001]. In digital radiography, the most frequent factor for X-ray re-take was positioning error (435, 30%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Digital radiography is associated with significantly lesser number of re-take X-rays as compared to conventional radiography, hence minimizes the exposure of the patients to unnecessary radiations due to re-take X-rays. Positioning error remains a problem even in digital radiography, emphasizing training need for technologists.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Waseem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.forename: Mubashir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aslam
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Kashif
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: Nadeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011786:Quality Control; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013679:Technology, Radiologic / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013997:Time Factors