title: Noradrenergic and opioidergic alterations in neuropathy in different rat strains.
abstract: The Fischer 344 (F344) rat strain differs from the Lewis strain in the response to neuropathic pain. Recently, we found that F344 rats totally recover from mechanical allodynia induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve 28 days after surgery whereas Lewis rats are initiating their recovery at this time point. Thus, the use of this neuropathic pain model in these different rat strains constitutes a good strategy to identify possible target genes involved in the development of neuropathic pain. Since differences between Lewis and F344 rats in their response to pain stimuli in acute pain models have been related to differences in the endogenous opioid and noradrenergic systems, we aimed to determine the levels of expression of key genes of both systems in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of both strains 28 days after CCI surgery. Real time RT-PCR revealed minimal changes in gene expression in the spinal cord after CCI despite the strain considered, but marked changes in DRG were observed. A significant upregulation of prodynorphin gene expression occurred only in injured DRG of F344 rats, the most resistant strain to neuropathic pain. In addition, we found a significant downregulation of tyrosine hydroxylase and proenkephalin gene expression levels in both strains whereas delta-opioid receptor was found to be significantly downregulated only in injured DRG of Lewis rats although the same trend was observed in F344 rats. The data strongly suggest that dynorphins could be involved in strain differences concerning CCI resistance.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Laboratory, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Cta. Boadilla Km. 5300, Boadilla, Madrid 28668, Spain. herradon@ceu.es
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Herradon
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ezquerra
authors.forename: Trang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Chi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siso
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dilorenzo
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rossenfeld
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Silos-Santiago
authors.forename: Luis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Alguacil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003714:Denervation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004745:Enkephalins / Q000235:genetics; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013045:Species Specificity; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004745:Enkephalins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017465:Receptors, Opioid, delta; D004399:Dynorphins; C033660:preproenkephalin; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D009638:Norepinephrine