title: Low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet attenuates pressure overload-induced ventricular remodeling and dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is not known how carbohydrate and fat intake affect the development of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction in response to pressure overload. We hypothesized that a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet prevents LV hypertrophy and dysfunction compared with high-carbohydrate diets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rats were fed high-carbohydrate diets composed of either starch or sucrose, or a low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet, and underwent abdominal aortic banding (AAB) for 2 months. AAB increased LV mass with all diets. LV end-diastolic and systolic volumes and the ratio of the mRNA for myosin heavy chain beta/alpha were increased with both high-carbohydrate diets but not with the low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet. Circulating levels of insulin and leptin, both stimulants for cardiac growth, were lower, and free fatty acids were higher with the low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet compared with high-carbohydrate diets. Among animals that underwent AAB, LV volumes were positively correlated with insulin and LV mass correlated with leptin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low-carbohydrate/high-fat diet attenuated pressure overload-induced LV remodeling compared with high-carbohydrate diets. This effect corresponded to lower insulin and leptin concentrations, suggesting they may contribute to the development of LV hypertrophy and dysfunction under conditions of pressure overload.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Monika K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Duda
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: O'Shea
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Brian R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Barrows
authors.forename: Agnes M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Azimzadeh
authors.forename: Tracy E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: McElfresh
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hoit
authors.forename: Willem J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kop
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Stanley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D050528:Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012307:Risk Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin