title: Volatile composition in raspberry cultivars grown in the Pacific Northwest determined by stir bar sorptive extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Twenty-nine volatile compounds in 'Chilliwack', 'Tulameen', 'Willamette', 'Yellow Meeker', and 'Meeker' raspberries were quantified using stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) paired with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Good correlation coefficients were obtained with most aroma-active compounds in raspberry, with quantification limits of 1 microg/kg. However, poor recoveries were observed for raspberry ketone and zingerone. Quantitative data showed that volatile concentrations varied for different cultivars. Large variations for alpha-ionone, beta-ionone, geraniol, linalool, and ( Z)-3-hexenol were observed in different raspberry cultivars. In addition, the volatile compositions in 'Meeker' raspberry grown at different locations also varied. The chiral isomeric ratios of raspberry ketone, alpha-ionone, alpha-pinene, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, delta-octalactone, delta-decalactone, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol were studied using a CyclosilB column. alpha-Ionone, alpha-pinene, delta-octalactone, and delta-decalactone had strong chiral isomeric preference, with more than 96% for one isomeric form. Much weaker chiral isomeric preference was observed for terpinen-4-ol, while linalool was almost a racemic mixture. Both growing locations and cultivars affect the isomeric ratio of linalool with a range of 37-51% for ( R)-linalool.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97330, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah M M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Malowicki
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000032:analysis; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D007659:Ketones / Q000032:analysis; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D009922:Oregon; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development; D013045:Species Specificity; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000447:Aldehydes; D007659:Ketones; D013729:Terpenes