title: Long-term stability of retinal function despite retained intraocular metallic foreign body.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Persisting metallic intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) with a ferrous content have been associated with ocular siderosis and retinal degeneration. We describe two patients in whom a metallic IOFB containing iron was left embedded for many years in the choroid and sclera after having penetrated through the vitreous and the retina.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two male patients, aged 41 and 48 years, presented with a metallic IOFB sustained during a work accident involving metal tools.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the first patient it was deemed unwise to operate, as the IOFB was also lodged very deeply in the choroid and sclera in the inferior temporal quadrant. The second patient underwent pars plana vitrectomy, but the IOFB could not be removed surgically as it was too deeply embedded in the sclera and choroid. After a period of 6 years (Case 1) and 4 years (Case 2) of follow-up, visual acuity remained at 1.0 and the IOFB was encased in a fibrotic capsule in both cases. Full-field and multifocal electroretinograms showed an inter-ocular asymmetry at baseline, which remained stable during the follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ocular siderosis may not develop in patients with a deeply embedded metallic IOFB. Regular monitoring of both visual function and the electroretinogram is mandatory when the IOFB is left inside the eye.
authors.affiliation: Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Konstantinidis
authors.forename: F-X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Borruat
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Wolfensberger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005129:Eye Foreign Bodies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000506:poisoning*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007501:Iron