Indirubin-3-monooxime induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in Hep-2 human laryngeal carcinoma cells.
The commercially available analogue of indirubin, indirubin-3-oxime, is known for its antitumor activities. To further establish its role in anticancer activity, we tested its potential against human laryngeal carcinoma cell line (Hep-2). We investigated the molecular mechanisms of indirubin-induced apoptosis and growth arrest in human laryngeal carcinoma cells. Upon treatment with indirubin-3-monooxime, a time dependent inhibition of cell growth was observed and cells developed many hallmark features of apoptosis. The increase of chromatin condensation after treatment with indirubin-3-oxime identified by staining with chromatin stain Hoechst 333258 indicates apoptosis. The observed increase in DNA fragmentation after indirubin-3-oxime in DNA gel electrophoresis indicates the apoptotic feature exhibited by the drug. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed that indirubin increased populations of apoptotic phase G1. Indirubin-3-oxime-induced growth inhibition was associated with induction of Cdk inhibitor p21, inhibition of cyclin D1 and activation of caspase-3. We conclude that indirubin-3-oxime induces cell death and apoptosis in human laryngeal carcinoma cells.
Kameswaran
Thiruvanmiyoor Ravichandran
TR
Unit of Biomonitoring and Management, Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India. goldkamesh78@gmail.com
Ramanibai
Ravichandran
R
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002843:Chromatin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010091:Oximes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002843:Chromatin; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D007211:Indoles; D010091:Oximes; C474021:indirubin-3'-monoxime; D019938:Cyclin D1; D053148:Caspase 3