title: Characterization of cupric glutamate extinguishing mechanism of Alexandrium sp. LC3 with two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF MS.
abstract: Mechanisms by which cupric glutamate, a novel algicide, extinguishes Alexandrium sp. LC3 are shown in this study. We show that cupric glutamate not only stimulated the production of malonaldehyde (MDA) and dramatically promoted cell plasma membrane permeability (p < 0.01) but also remarkably reduced sulfhydryl (SH) group content (p < 0.01). Analysis of protein expression profiles by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) indicated that only 47 protein spots were detected in both control and cupric glutamate treated cells. Three reliable spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) as ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit precursor, RNA polymerase beta chain, and hypothetical protein, which can be well correlated with cupric glutamate stress. Based on above results, we hypothesize that the extinguishing mechanisms include (1) the cell membrane being damaged by cupric glutamate; (2) cupric glutamate probably induced denaturation and disintegration of intracellular protein, which led to inhibition of cell growth.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Active Substances, SOA., 6 Xian Xia-ling Road, Hi-Tech Park, Qingdao 266061, China. lihaoh@163.com
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jinlai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Fengxia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Guangyou
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D010575:Pesticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003300:Copper