title: Heterogeneous expression of SNARE proteins SNAP-23, SNAP-25, Syntaxin1 and VAMP in human parathyroid tissue.
abstract: In regulated exocytosis synaptosomal-associated protein of 25kDa (SNAP-25) is one of the key-players in the formation of SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion attachment protein receptor) complex and membrane fusion. SNARE proteins are essentially expressed in neurons, neuroendocrine and endocrine cells. Whether parathyroid cells express these proteins is not known. In this study, we have examined the expression of the SNARE protein SNAP-25 and its cellular homologue SNAP-23, as well as syntaxin1 and VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein) in samples of normal parathyroid tissue, chief cell adenoma, and parathyroid carcinoma, using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. SNAP-23 and VAMP were evenly expressed in all studied parathyroid tissues using immunohistochemistry and/or Western blot analysis. SNAP-25 (and Syntaxin1) was not expressed in normal parathyroid tissue, but in approximately 20% of chief cell adenomas, and in approximately 45% of parathyroid carcinoma samples. It is likely that the SNARE proteins SNAP-23 and VAMP play a role in the stimulus-secretion coupling and exocytosis of parathyroid hormone as these proteins were expressed in all of the parathyroid samples we studied. In particular, preferential expression of SNAP-23 rather than SNAP-25 provides an explanation of the high level of PTH secretion that occurs under conditions of low cytoplasmic free Ca(2+) concentration (around 0.1micromol/l). SNAP-25 (and Syntaxin1) appears to be a tumour-specific protein(s) in parathyroid tissues since its expression was restricted to pathological tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forsberg
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Höög
authors.forename: Christofer C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Juhlin
authors.forename: Vladana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vukojević
authors.forename: Catharina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Arthur D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Conigrave
authors.forename: Leigh W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Delbridge
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bark
authors.forename: Lars-Ove
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Farnebo
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bränström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D010280:Parathyroid Glands / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D050766:Qb-SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050767:Qc-SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050600:SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D050825:Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25 / Q000378:metabolism; D050827:Syntaxin 1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050766:Qb-SNARE Proteins; D050767:Qc-SNARE Proteins; D050683:R-SNARE Proteins; C100493:SNAP23 protein, human; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D050825:Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25; D050827:Syntaxin 1