title: Fast differential interference contrast imaging combined with autocorrelation treatments to measure the heart rate of embryonic fish.
abstract: To develop an accurate and convenient method for measuring the heart rate of zebra fish in vivo, a system combining fast differential interference contrast (DIC) imaging with an autocorrelation technique is established. The imaging correlation coefficient corr(i,j) between frame i, selected from the obtained time-lapse imaging series as the reference image, and any other frame j, is calculated as the time-dependent cycle course. Heat rate is determined by the cycle period of the corr with a high temporal resolution of 4 ms, achieved by fast charge-coupled device (CCD) imaging of 250 frames per second. With this high-resolution system, we find that 1-mgL cadmium not only induces the slowing of the heart rate, but also caused signs of arrhythmia in treated fish.
authors.affiliation: Fudan University, Surface Physics Laboratory (National Key Laboratory) and Department of Physics, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ji-Yao
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Da-Ru
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Lu-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D015148:Cardiotocography / Q000379:methods*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast / Q000379:methods*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology*