Decrease of PECAM-1-gene-expression induced by proinflammatory cytokines IFN-gamma and IFN-alpha is reversed by TGF-beta in sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic mononuclear phagocytes.
OBJECTIVE
The mechanisms of transmigration of inflammatory cells through the sinusoids are still poorly understood. This study aims to identify in vitro conditions (cytokine treatment) which may allow a better understanding of the changes in PECAM (platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule)-1-gene-expression observed in vivo.


RESULTS
In this study we show by immunohistochemistry, that there is an accumulation of ICAM-1 (intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1) and ED1 positive cells in necrotic areas of livers of CCl4-treated rats, whereas there are few PECAM-1 positive cells observable. After the administration of CCl4, we could detect an early rise of levels of IFN-gamma followed by an enhanced TGF-beta protein level. As shown by Northern blot analysis and surface protein expression analysed by flow cytometry, IFN-gamma-treatment decreased PECAM-1-gene-expression in isolated SECs (sinusoidal endothelial cells) and mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) in parallel with an increase in ICAM-1-gene-expression in a dose and time dependent manner. In contrast, TGF-beta-treatment increased PECAM-1-expression. Additional administration of IFN-gamma to CCl4-treated rats and observations in IFN-gamma-/- mice confirmed the effect of IFN-gamma on PECAM-1 and ICAM-1-expression observed in vitro and increased the number of ED1-expressing cells 12 h after administration of the toxin.


CONCLUSIONS
The early decrease of PECAM-1-expression and the parallel increase of ICAM-1-expression following CCl4-treatment is induced by elevated levels of IFN-gamma in livers and may facilitate adhesion and transmigration of inflammatory cells. The up-regulation of PECAM-1-expression in SECs and MNPs after TGF-beta-treatment suggests the involvement of PECAM-1 during the recovery after liver damage.
Neubauer
Katrin
K
University of Göttingen, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Göttingen, Germany. kneubau@gwdg.de
Lindhorst
Alexander
A
Tron
Kyrylo
K
Ramadori
Giuliano
G
Saile
Bernhard
B
D000818:Animals; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000276:immunology; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D012157:Mononuclear Phagocyte System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride