title: Restless legs syndrome as side effect of second generation antidepressants.
abstract: Although of clinical interest, the question is still not fully answered whether antidepressants (AD) can cause or exacerbate restless legs syndrome (RLS). The literature provides contradictory information. This study addresses this problem for the class of second generation AD. In four neurological offices, all patients treated for the first time with an AD were prospectively observed with regard to the question of whether RLS occurred or pre-existing RLS worsened as a result of the medication. Because initial treatment in the participating offices is mainly executed with "modern" selective AD, the study was restricted to these drugs (fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, sertraline, escitalopram, venlafaxine, duloxetine, reboxetine, and mirtazapine). In 9% of patients, RLS was recorded as a side effect related to the administration of AD. The frequency of this side effect varied among the drugs. The problem is most pronounced with mirtazapine provoking or deteriorating RLS in 28% of patients. By contrast, no case occurred during use of reboxetine. As for the other AD, the rate of newly occurred and deteriorated RLS, ranged from 5% to 10%. Typically, RLS occurred during the initial days of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Hafenmarkt 12, 87600 Kaufbeuren, Germany. Klaus.Rottach@t-online.de
authors.forename: Klaus G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Rottach
authors.forename: Bernhard M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Schaner
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kirch
authors.forename: Ari Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Zivotofsky
authors.forename: Lydia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Teufel
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gallwitz
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Messer
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015283:Citalopram / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008803:Mianserin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D009025:Morpholines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077593:Reboxetine; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D015283:Citalopram; D008803:Mianserin; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D009025:Morpholines; D000077593:Reboxetine; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors