title: Mechanical properties of tricalcium phosphate single crystals grown by molten salt synthesis.
abstract: Mechanical properties of flux-grown tricalcium phosphate (TCP) single crystals ranging in size from 50 to 75microm have been characterized by performing micro- and nanoindentation on their facets. Notwithstanding the inherent brittleness and anisotropy, these single crystals exhibit nanoscale plasticity in the form of pile-up around the edges of indents. A similar plastic response was observed in hydroxyapatite (HA) single crystals during nanoindentation in an earlier study. The hardness and elastic modulus obtained during nanoindentation are discussed in comparison with the polycrystalline forms of both TCP and HA found in the literature. The indentation fracture toughness values of TCP single crystals were found to be higher than those of HA single crystals. The higher values are attributed not only to the difference in crystal structure and corresponding differences in surface energy, but also to extensive crack bridging by ligament formation across crack faces during crack propagation.
authors.affiliation: Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Viswanath
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raghavan
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Gurao
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ramamurty
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ravishankar
mesh_terms: D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods*; D004548:Elasticity; D006244:Hardness; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008422:Materials Testing; D012492:Salts / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D012492:Salts