title: Meditation with yoga, group therapy with hypnosis, and psychoeducation for long-term depressed mood: a randomized pilot trial.
abstract: This randomized pilot study investigated the effects of meditation with yoga (and psychoeducation) versus group therapy with hypnosis (and psychoeducation) versus psychoeducation alone on diagnostic status and symptom levels among 46 individuals with long-term depressive disorders. Results indicate that significantly more meditation group participants experienced a remission than did controls at 9-month follow-up. Eight hypnosis group participants also experienced a remission, but the difference from controls was not statistically significant. Three control participants, but no meditation or hypnosis participants, developed a new depressive episode during the study, though this difference did not reach statistical significance in any case. Although all groups reported some reduction in symptom levels, they did not differ significantly in that outcome. Overall, these results suggest that these two interventions show promise for treating low- to moderate-level depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-571, USA. butler@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Lisa D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Lynn C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Waelde
authors.forename: T Andrew
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Hastings
authors.forename: Xin-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Symons
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Blasey
authors.forename: Elizabeth O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Seibert
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spiegel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D035061:Control Groups; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis; D008297:Male; D019122:Meditation; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015013:Yoga