title: Epidermal growth factor receptor expression and mutational analysis in synovial sarcomas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Synovial sarcomas (SnSrcs) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare mesenchymal tumors of adolescence and young adulthood. Previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated that SnSrcs express epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human EGFR (HER)-2/neu. The present study extends that work to examine the expression of EGFR in MPNSTs and the characterization of potential targets of the EGFR tyrosine kinase domain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue microarrays containing 48 cases of SnSrc and 32 cases of MPNST were stained for EGFR, EGFRvIII, and activated EGFR (pY1068-EGFR). Tumor DNA was extracted from fresh and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks and sequenced for exons 17-21 of EGFR and exon 2 of K-ras and b-raf.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated that EGFR is expressed in a majority of SnSrcs and MPNSTs (71% and 62.5%, respectively). EGFRvIII immunoreactivity was negative. IHC was weakly immunopositive for activated EGFR (18.7% and 3.1%, respectively). Sequence analysis of the EGFR genomic DNA did not demonstrate mutations in exons 17-21. No K-ras or b-raf mutations were observed in either tumor type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of EGFR in SnSrcs and MPNSTs with an intact EGFR/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway has been hypothesized to contribute to the malignant potential of these tumors. Our study reveals the absence of known activating mutations in EGFR, which suggests that trials of small-molecule inhibitors would be of little clinical benefit. A clinical study of treatment with cetuximab is ongoing and may help elucidate whether blockade of EGFR with antibodies is likely to be more active.
authors.affiliation: Department of , Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Hussein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tawbi
authors.forename: Dafydd
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: J Sybil
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Biermann
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Schuetze
authors.forename: Anita L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chugh
authors.forename: Laurence H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D018317:Nerve Sheath Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics; D013584:Sarcoma, Synovial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C410723:epidermal growth factor receptor VIII; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf