title: Altered secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor expression in the uterine decidua of tubal compared with intrauterine pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of the innate immune system in tubal implantation remains undefined. This study compared expression of two key mediators of innate immunity, secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and elafin, in the uterine decidua of women with intrauterine and tubal pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Uterine decidua was collected from women (18-45 years) undergoing surgical termination of pregnancy (n = 7), surgical management of spontaneous abortion (n = 6) and tubal pregnancy (n = 10). Using quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, mRNA and protein expression patterns of SLPI and elafin were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative SLPI mRNA expression was significantly higher in decidua of women with tubal pregnancy (12.37 +/- 2.66) compared with spontaneous abortion (5.09 +/- 2.22, P < 0.0185). There was no difference demonstrated in elafin mRNA expression. SLPI and elafin protein expression were demonstrated in the decidual leukocyte populations and epithelium. There was no obvious qualitative difference in levels of SLPI and elafin protein expression or their distribution in the uterine decidua of women with termination of pregnancy, spontaneous abortion or tubal pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Herein we demonstrate novel differences in gene expression of uterine decidua of tubal pregnancy compared with spontaneous abortion thereby contributing further to current knowledge of mechanisms involved in extrauterine implantation. The altered expression of SLPI may be a consequence of, or predispose to, tubal pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: MRC Human Reproductive Sciences Unit, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dalgetty
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sallenave
authors.forename: H O D
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Critchley
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Tham
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Horne
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003656:Decidua / Q000378:metabolism*; D053492:Elafin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000378:metabolism*; D011274:Pregnancy, Tubal / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D053481:Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D053492:Elafin; C506806:PI3 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C506814:SLPI protein, human; D053481:Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor