Variation in CYP1A2 activity and its clinical implications: influence of environmental factors and genetic polymorphisms.
CYP1A2 is involved in the metabolism of several widely used drugs and endogenous compounds, and in the activation of procarcinogens. Both genetic and environmental factors influence the activity of this enzyme. The current knowledge regarding factors influencing the activity of CYP1A2 is summarized in this review. Substrates, inhibitors and inducers of CYP1A2 activity, as well as phenotyping probes, are discussed. The functional significance and clinical importance of CYP1A2 gene polymorphisms are reviewed and interethnic differences in the distribution of CYP1A2 variant alleles and haplotypes are summarized. Finally, future perspectives for the possible clinical applications of CYP1A2 genotyping are discussed.
Gunes
Arzu
A
Uppsala University, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. Arzu.Gunes@medsci.uu.se
Dahl
Marja-Liisa
ML
D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004777:Environment; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2