title: Ten-year outcomes following traumatic brain injury: a population-based cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the 10 year health service use (HSU) and mortality outcomes for people with a traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based matched cohort study using linked administrative data from Manitoba, Canada (Manitoba Injury Outcome Study).
  
  
  METHODS
  An inception cohort (1988-1991) of hospitalized cases with TBI aged 18-64 years (n = 1290) was identified and matched to a non-injured comparison group (n = 1290). Survival analysis, Negative binomial and Poisson regression were used to quantify associations between injury and HSU/mortality outcomes for 10 years following the TBI event.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of deaths (47.2%) occurred in the first 60 days following injury. Excluding the first 60 days, the adjusted 10 year mortality remained elevated (mortality rate ratio = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.02-2.15). After adjusting for demographic characteristics and pre-existing health status, the TBI cohort had more post-injury hospitalizations (rate ratio (RR) = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.39-1.71), greater cumulative lengths of stay (RR = 5.14, 95% CI = 3.29-8.02) and a greater post-injury physician claims rate (RR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.35-1.53) than the non-injured cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  People who sustain a TBI and survive the initial acute phase of care experience substantially increased long-term morbidity compared to the general population, regardless of the level of injury severity.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Griffith University, Logan, Australia.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Purdie
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Kliewer
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: McClure
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000401:mortality / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008350:Manitoba; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome