title: Remote ischemic preconditioning on neovascularization and follicle viability on ovary autotransplantation in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Verify the optimum remote vascular occlusion time to reduce ovarian injury in autologous transplants in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four adult female rats were assigned to four groups: GC (control group): bilateral oophorectomy followed by ovary transplant; GIPC (ischemic preconditioning group): remote ischemic preconditioning at the iliac artery for 5, 10, and 15 minutes (GIPC-5, GIPC-20, and GIPC-15) previous to bilateral oophorectomy and ovarian transplantation. The right ovary was fixed in the retroperitoneum. Euthanasia was performed 4 days after the surgical procedure. The follicles were counted and classified as developing versus atretic. The immunohistochemical assay identified vascular factor of endothelial growth (VEGF) in the ovarian stroma and assessed the proliferation capacity by means of the Ki-67 in the ovarian follicles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Every group showed an inflammatory infiltrate, luteous body, and ovarian follicles in several phases of development. The ischemic preconditioning groups displayed greater amounts of viable ovarian follicles and increased vascularization and vasodilatation than the control group. GIPC-15 showed the highest amount of viable follicles compared to the others (P < .05 GIPC-15 vs GC; GIPC-15 vs GIPC-5). More VEGF-labeled cells were observed in GIPC-10 than the control group (P < .05, GIPC-10 vs GC). The proliferation index assessed by Ki-67 marking showed GC: 80%; GIPC-5: 76%; GIPC-10: 67%; and GIPC-15: 64% (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PCI-15 cohort seem to be the most adequate timing to achieve functional support and preservation of a greater number of viable ovarian follicles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Damous
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Morello
authors.forename: A P F
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Carbonel
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.forename: E F S
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Montero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning / Q000379:methods*; D023421:Models, Animal; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010053:Ovary / Q000637:transplantation*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous