title: Green procedure with a green solvent for fats and oils' determination. Microwave-integrated Soxhlet using limonene followed by microwave Clevenger distillation.
abstract: Here is described a green and original alternative procedure for fats and oils' determination in oleaginous seeds. Extractions were carried out using a by-product of the citrus industry as extraction solvent, namely d-limonene, instead of hazardous petroleum solvents such as n-hexane. The described method is achieved in two steps using microwave energy: at first, extractions are attained using microwave-integrated Soxhlet, followed by the elimination of the solvent from the medium using a microwave Clevenger distillation in the second step. Oils extracted from olive seeds were compared with both conventional Soxhlet and microwave-integrated Soxhlet extraction procedures performed with n-hexane in terms of qualitative and quantitative determination. No significant difference was obtained between each extract allowing us to conclude that the proposed method is effective and valuable.
authors.affiliation: UMR 408 Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale, INRA, Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, 84000 Avignon, France.
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Virot
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tomao
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ginies
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Visinoni
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chemat
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077222:Limonene; D008872:Microwaves; D015394:Molecular Structure; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012997:Solvents; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D053138:Cyclohexenes; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D012997:Solvents; D013729:Terpenes; D000077222:Limonene