title: [Short communication: In vitro activity of amphotericin B with fluconazole or voriconazole combinations against Candida albicans isolates].
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro interaction of amphotericin B in combination with fluconazole or voriconazole against Candida albicans clinical isolates by using a broth microdilution checkerboard assay and E-test. A total of 30 C. albicans strains isolated from blood, urine, sputum and pus samples were included to the study and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole (FLU) and voriconazole (VOR) were determined by broth microdilution method and E-test. All strains tested for susceptibility were interpreted as susceptible by both methods (FLU MICs < 8 microg/ml, VOR and AMB MICs < 1 microg/ml). The rates of MIC agreement between two methods were as follows: AMB, 83%; FLU, 97%; VOR, 97%. AMB+ FLU and AMB+VOR combinations were tested by checkerboard broth microdilution and E-test methods. The combination test results were determined by using the fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index as synergistic, indifferent or antagonistic. AMB+FLU combination tested by checkerboard broth microdilution revealed synergy in one strain (3.3%) and antagonism in none, while the same combination tested by E-test revealed synergy in two (6.6%) and antagonism in four (13.3%) strains. The strains which exhibited synergy were different from eachother in two assays. This combination led to indifferent results in 23 (76.6%) of the strains. On the other hand AMB+VOR combination yielded synergistic results in two (6.6%) strains by both of the methods, however, these two strains were again different from eachother. No antagonism was detected by AMB+VOR combination while the combination was indifferent in 26 (86.6%) of the strains. Agreement between the checkerboard and E-test results was 87%. Although significant synergy was not detected in AMB+azole combinations, it was yet hopeful to obtain no antagonism. However, multi-center, large-scale, well standardized in-vitro and clinical studies about AMB and azole interaction which is a matter of debate, are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Eskişehir Osmangazi Universitesi Tip Fakültesi, Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dali, Eskişehir.
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oz
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akşit
authors.forename: Nuri
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kiraz
authors.forename: Abdurrahman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiremitçi
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D065819:Voriconazole