title: Is miraa a drug?: categorizing Kenyan khat.
abstract: This article examines the varied perceptions of the substance miraa/khat in Kenya, from strong approval in the Nyambene Hills region where it is cultivated to the strong disapproval evident in its frequent denunciation in various segments of Kenyan society. Perceptions are colored by various local and global discourses, and it is argued that of great importance is "war on drugs" rhetoric, which allows the conflation of miraa with other substances also termed "drugs"; much of the Kenyan miraa debate revolves around just how miraa should be categorized and to whether it can be labeled a "drug." War-on-drugs rhetoric is countered by those more enamored of the substance by discourse in which its use is labeled "traditional," "cool," and an "economic miracle."
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine, Oxford, UK. Neil.Carrier@africa.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Carrier
mesh_terms: D001290:Attitude / Q000208:ethnology*; D029754:Catha / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D007514:Islam / Q000523:psychology; D007630:Kenya; D007880:Legislation, Drug; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000145:classification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012938:Social Perception
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations