title: [Cyto-genotoxicity induced by 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ethers combined with 2, 2', 4, 4', 5-hexachlorobiphenyl treatment in SH-SY5Y cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the cyto-genotoxicity of 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ethers (PBDE-47) combined with 2, 2', 4, 4', 5-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB153) treatment in SH-SY5Y cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exponentially growing SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to different concentrations of PBDE-47 or/and PCB153 for 24 h in vitro. Cell viability, DNA damage, chromosome abnormalities, and DNA-protein crosslinks (DPC) were measured using MTT, comet assay, cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) test, and SDS-KCl assay respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the each single PBDE-47 groups, the nuclear division index (NDI) was significantly lower (P < 0.05) and the frequencies of micronuclei (MNI), percentage of DNA in the tail, Olive tail moment and DPC were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the PBDE-47 combined with PCB153 groups. There was a statistical decrease in cell viability in groups of 4 micromol/L PBDE-47 and above combined with PCB153 than that in contrast to the same dose of PBDE-47 group or PCB153 alone (P < 0.05). Significant increase was found in MNI frequency and DPC in 2 micromol/L PBDE-47 and above combined with PCB153 than those in the single PCB153 group (P < 0.05). In the groups of 4 micromol/L PBDE-47 and above combined with PCB153, the cell NDI were significantly lower than that of the single PCB153 group (P < 0.05). Compared to the single PCB153 group, the percentage of DNA in the tail and Olive tail moment was significantly increased in the 8 micromol/L PBDE-47 combined with 5 micromol/L PCB153. Factorial analysis showed that interactions between PBDE-47 and PCB153 existed in inhibiting cell viability, inducing DNA damage, MNI, and DPC formation (P < 0.01), and possessing synergistic effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some dose of PBDE-47 combined with PCB153 can inhibit cell viability, induce DNA damage, DPC formation, and chromosome abnormalities. The pattern of the combined effect is synergistic in cyto-genotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, Department of Oc-cupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Wei-hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Zhi-xia
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ba-yi
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xue-min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ai-guo
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; C014024:2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl