title: Chronic maternal depression and children's injury risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A substantial number of mothers of young children suffer from depression. One understudied consequence of maternal depression is how it affects toddlers' injury risk. This study examined links between chronic maternal depression and child injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A national sample of 1,364 American children was studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chronic levels of severe maternal depression placed children at increased risk of concurrent injury from birth to age 3. The relation between chronic, severe maternal depression and child injury risk held even after controlling for variance from family SES, child sex, child temperament and externalizing behavior, and parenting. Chronic maternal depression during infancy and toddlerhood did not influence children's subsequent risk for injury, between age 3 and first grade. Less severe symptoms of chronic maternal depression were unrelated to concurrent or future child injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic, severe levels of maternal depression are linked to concurrent child injury risk during infancy and toddlerhood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, CH 415, Birmingham AL 35294, USA. schwebel@uab.edu
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Schwebel
authors.forename: Carl M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Brezausek
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D054582:National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.); D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D012306:Risk; D014481:United States; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*