title: Response to lithium of a cell surface ECTO-NOX protein with time-keeping characteristics.
abstract: Lithium has been used widely both as a clinical agent to treat manic depressive disorders and as a substance targeted to the regulation of the circadian cycle. In this study, we show that lithium at physiological concentrations of less than 1microM uniquely induces an ECTO-NOX activity previously inactive from plant (soybean), murine (3T3 cells) and human (HUVEC and HeLa cells) sources and resets the period of the constitutive CNOX. The average period length of the new oscillation set induced by the presence of lithium of 23.5min was slightly less than the period length in the absence of lithium (24min). The constitutive period was retained in the presence of lithium but the period length was increased on an average by 4% to about 25min. Targeting circadian rhythm abnormalities may be a particularly useful strategy in management of bipolar disorder and related illnesses since circadian cycles appear to be an inherent function conserved through evolution in all organisms and consistently implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kromkowski
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hignite
authors.forename: Dorothy M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Morré
authors.forename: D James
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Morré
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018020:Lithium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D008094:Lithium; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; C431909:tumor-associated NADH oxidase