title: Well-being during the menopausal transition and early postmenopause: a within-stage analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify whether menopausal transition (MT)-related factors--including MT stage, hot flash severity, levels of estrone glucuronide (E1G) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH); number of negative life events; or personal resources of mastery and social support--are associated with stage specific well-being.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women from the Seattle Midlife Women's Health Study (N=334) provided at least one annual health questionnaire and a menstrual calendar; a subset provided first morning voided urine specimens assayed for E1G and FSH. Descriptive statistics were calculated and Pearson's product-moment correlations were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean levels of well-being were the same across MT stages (4.1, range 1.8-5.9). Physiologic variables were not significantly correlated with well-being: E1G levels (r = - .11 to 0.16), FSH levels (r = - .17 to .20) and hot flash severity (r = - .07 to .05). Significant correlations were observed between well-being and number of negative life events (r = - .48 to - .33, p < or = 0.01), mastery (r = .51-.64, p < or = 0.01), and satisfaction with social support (r = .04 non-significant) to r =.41, (p < or = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of well-being with life events and personal resources, and not MT-related indicators, hormone levels or vasomotor symptoms, supports work by other researchers. Further study is needed to determine whether patterns of well-being vary across the MT, and if so, what might predict that variability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Child Nursing, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98112-2135, USA. smithdijulio@comcast.net
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith-DiJulio
authors.forename: Nancy Fugate
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Ellen Sullivan
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004970:Estrone / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D043373:Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human / Q000652:urine*; D006304:Health Status; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008593:Menopause / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000523:psychology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014861:Washington / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D043373:Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human; D004970:Estrone