title: Visceral leishmaniasis in renal transplant recipients: clinical aspects, diagnostic problems, and response to treatment.
abstract: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a parasitic infection that uncommonly affects renal transplantation recipients, even in endemic areas. It may be associated with other infections, or masked by these, and may present subclinically and/or atypically for extended periods. The evolution may be particularly severe and diagnosis is often delayed. If not adequately diagnosed and treated, VL can be fatal and so should be suspected in renal transplantation recipients presenting unexplained fever, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. The authors report 8 cases of VL out of a total of 800 renal transplant recipients from two transplant hospitals centers in Brazil. The clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Renal Transplantation Unit, Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio of Federal University of Ceara State and Hospital Geral de Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil. claudiadrl@gmail.com
authors.forename: C M C
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: M L M B
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: S C A
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Girão
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Ponte
authors.forename: M U
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.forename: P F C B C
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Esmeraldo
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Evangelista
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents