title: Extra centrosomes and/or chromosomes prolong mitosis in human cells.
abstract: Using laser microsurgery and cell fusion we have explored how additional centrosomes and/or chromosomes influence the duration of mitosis in human cells. We found that doubling the chromosome number added approximately 10 min to a 20 min division, whereas doubling the number of centrosomes added approximately 30 min more. Extra centrosomes and/or chromosomes prolong mitosis by delaying satisfaction of the spindle assembly checkpoint. Thus mitosis can be prolonged by non-genetic means and extra chromosomes and centrosomes probably contribute to the elevated mitotic index seen in many tumours.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Wadsworth Center, N.Y.S. Department of Health, Empire State Plaza, Albany, New York 12201-0509, USA.
authors.forename: Zhenye
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jadranka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loncarek
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khodjakov
authors.forename: Conly L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Rieder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D018385:Centrosome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D008870:Microtubules / Q000737:chemistry; D008938:Mitosis; D008954:Models, Biological; D008941:Spindle Apparatus; D013997:Time Factors