title: Topical anesthesia versus sub-Tenon block for cataract surgery: surgical conditions and patient satisfaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the surgical conditions and complications and patient and surgeon satisfaction in cataract surgery by phacoemulsification under topical anesthesia (TA) versus sub-Tenon block (STB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized comparative blind study, without placebo control. Patient satisfaction evaluated by the Iowa Satisfaction with Anesthesia Scale (ISAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors prospectively enrolled 59 patients (61% female) in the study, who were randomized into groups: 26 in the TA group and 33 in the STB. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of age, sex, waiting time for surgery, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) state, eye laterality, cataract density, pupillary dilation, or surgery duration, but patient collaboration was better in the STB group. We found a mean 2.2 mmHg post-anesthetic rise in intraocular pressure in the STB group, with normalization at 24 hours, and no rise in the TA group. Subconjunctival hemorrhage and chemosis were more prevalent in the STB group, and the improvement of visual acuity was similar in both groups. Subjective satisfaction with the anesthetic technique, both for the surgeon and for the patient, was more elevated in the STB group. The final ISAS scores were 1.87 in the TA group and 2.71 in the STB (p<0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data indicate that more significant anesthesia and analgesia was achieved with the STB, leading to more favorable surgical conditions and enhanced patient and surgeon satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology Department, Pedro Hispano Hospital, Matosinhos - Portugal. pedro.salsas@gmail.com
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Vale
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003238:Connective Tissue; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local