title: Withdrawal periods and tissue tolerance after intramammary antibiotic treatment of dairy goats with clinical mastitis.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine withdrawal periods (WP) and tissue irritation after administration of three intramammary antibiotics [Curaclox LC (Norbrook (ARK AH)], Spectrazol Milking Cow (Schering-Plough AH) and Rilexine 200 LC [Logos Agvet (Virbac)] in goats with clinical mastitis. Withdrawal periods in goats with clinical mastitis treated with Curaclox LC, were not significantly different from those recommended for use in cows (72 h) with (67 h) or without (48 h) the 24 h mandatory safety margin while Spectrazol caused a significantly longer withdrawal period (122 h) than that recommended for use in cattle with (60 h) and without (36 h) the 24h safety margin. The withdrawal period of clinical mastitis cases treated with Rilexine 200 LC was 48 h compared to the 96 h recommended for use in cows. A linear model of regression with factors influencing the WP in goats with clinical mastitis was as follows: WP = 30.21 + 4.692 (sampling time) + 22.11 (udder pathology) - 13.6 (floccules) - 0.00649 (milk yield). Somatic Cell Counts (SCC) of milk from udder halves with clinical mastitis ranged from 7,053 x 10(3) to 7,948 x 10(3) cells per ml without isolations of bacteria and between 6,476 x 10(3) and 8,479 x 10(3) cells per ml with isolations of bacteria. Most of the variation in SCC could not be explained and the California Milk Cell Test (CMCT) and SCC on their own were not reliable methods for mastitis diagnosis. However, CMCT and SCC were indicators of udder irritation. In goats without clinical mastitis, Spectrazol Milking Cow caused the least tissue irritation followed by Rilexine 200 LC and Curaclox LC. For goats with clinical mastitis, Rilexine 200 LC caused the least irritation, followed by Curaclox LC while Spectrazol Milking Cow caused the most irritation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110 South Africa. jkarzis@mweb.co.za
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karzis
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Donkin
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Petzer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002452:Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006041:Goats; D006801:Humans; D007774:Lactation / Q000378:metabolism; D016014:Linear Models; D008413:Mastitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents