title: [Mechanism of bone and cartilage growth during childhood and growth disorders].
abstract: Longitudinal growth of bone depends on the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes located in growth plate. Recent advances in understanding the process of chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation reveal the local and systemic factors responsible for the process. SOX9, Ihh and FGFR3 are the former, growth hormone and thyroid hormone the latter. Achondroplasia, a representative entity of skeletal dysplasia is caused by the abnormality of FGFR3 and exhibits short stature. Hypofunction of growth hormone and thyroid hormone are associated with short stature as well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozono
mesh_terms: D000130:Achondroplasia / Q000209:etiology; D001846:Bone Development / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000254:growth & development*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002648:Child; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000166:cytology; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051498:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3 / Q000502:physiology; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; C509246:IHH protein, human; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; C496365:FGFR3 protein, human; D051498:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3