title: Effects of Tai Chi on gait kinematics, physical function, and pain in elderly with knee osteoarthritis--a pilot study.
abstract: Our previous study has demonstrated that 6 weeks of Tai Chi exercise significantly improves knee pain and stiffness in elderly with knee osteoarthritis. This study also examine the effects of Tai Chi exercise on gait kinematics, physical function, pain, and pain self-efficacy in elderly with knee osteoarthritis. In this prospective, pretest-posttest clinical trial, 40 men and women (64.4+/-8.3 years) diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis participated in 6 weeks of instructed Tai Chi training, 1 hour/session, 2 sessions/week. The following measures were taken at baseline and the conclusion of the intervention: (a) gait kinematics including stride length, stride frequency, and gait speed quantified using video analysis, (b) physical function, (c) knee pain, and (d) pain self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using repeated MANCOVA, MANOVA, ANOVA and Wilcoxon tests. After 6 weeks of Tai Chi exercise, stride length (p=0.023; 1.17+/-0.17 vs. 1.20+/-0.14 m), stride frequency (p=0.014; 0.91+/-0.08 vs. 0.93+/-0.08 strides/s), and consequently gait speed (p<0.025; 1.06+/-0.19 vs. 1.12+/-0.15 m/s) increased in the participants. Physical function was significantly improved (p<0.001) and knee pain was significantly decreased (p=0.002), while no change was observed in pain self-efficacy. In conclusion, these findings support that Tai Chi is beneficial for gait kinematics in elderly with knee osteoarthritis, and a longer term application is needed to substantiate the effect of Tai Chi as an alternative exercise in management of knee osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Texas 79430, USA. Leslie.Shen@ttuhsc.edu
authors.forename: Chwan-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: C Roger
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Ming-C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chyu
authors.forename: Walter R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Bixby
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brismée
authors.forename: Mimi A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zumwalt
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Poklikuha
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D010146:Pain; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D020377:Self Efficacy; D026302:Tai Ji; D013997:Time Factors