title: Effects of lycopene on the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system in premenopausal breast cancer survivors and women at high familial breast cancer risk.
abstract: Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is an important growth factor associated with increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer. We conducted a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover trial to evaluate whether tomato-derived lycopene supplementation (30 mg/day for 2 mo) decreases serum levels of total IGF-I in premenopausal women with 1) a history of breast cancer (n=24) or 2) a high familial breast cancer risk (n=36). Also, IGF binding protein (IGFBP) increasing effects were evaluated. Lycopene supplementation did not significantly alter serum total IGF-I and other IGF system components in the 2 study populations combined. However, statistically significant discordant results were observed between the 2 study populations (i.e., P<0.05 for total IGF-I, free IGF-I, and IGFBP-3). Total IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were increased in the breast cancer survivor population [total IGF-I=7.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI)= -0.2 to 14.3%; IGFBP-3=3.3%, 95% CI=0.7-6.0%), and free IGF-I was decreased in the family history population (-7.6%, 95% CI= -14.6 to -0.6%). This randomized controlled trial shows that 2 mo of lycopene supplementation has no effect on serum total IGF-I in the overall study population. However, lycopene effects were discordant between the 2 study populations showing beneficial effects in high-risk healthy women but not in breast cancer survivors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Experimental Therapy and the Department of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dorien W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Voskuil
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vrieling
authors.forename: Catharina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Korse
authors.forename: Jos H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Beijnen
authors.forename: Johannes M G
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bonfrer
authors.forename: Jaap
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Doorn
authors.forename: Reinie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaas
authors.forename: Hester S A
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
authors.forename: Nicola S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Emiel J T
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Rutgers
authors.forename: Senno
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verhoef
authors.forename: Flora E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.forename: Laura J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: van't Veer
authors.forename: Matti A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rookus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077276:Lycopene; D008875:Middle Aged; D017697:Premenopause; D012307:Risk Factors; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D013002:Somatomedins; D002338:Carotenoids; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D000077276:Lycopene