title: Effect of diet and physical exercise treatment on insulin resistance syndrome of schoolchildren.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) of schoolchildren may contribute to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) of young adults. The investigation of different steps, baseline screening parameters and treatment of IRS may help the prevention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Schoolchildren (53 boys and 61 girls age 5-17 years) because of adverse family history of CVD, hypertension, and obesity were investigated. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to baseline plasma glucose level (PGL) 120 and 180 min. after glucose consumption (GC): (1) PGL < or = 5.5 mmol/L 180 min. after GC, (2) PGL > or = 5.5 mmol/L 180 min. but < or = 7.8 mmol/L 120 min. after GC (3) PGL > or = 7.8 mmol/L 120 min. after GC. Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP) and parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism were measured at baseline and after two year's lifestyle modification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference was found in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRF) between groups 2 and 3. Fasting PGL > 5.5 mmol/L was found in 1, 2, and 6 cases; HOMA index > 4.4 in 7 (24%), 21 (37%), and 9 (35%) subjects; OGIS index < 400 in 3(10%), 29(51%) and 11 (42%) schoolchildren of groups 1, 2, 3, respectively. Lifestyle modification significantly improved BMI, systolic BP, serum triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels and insulin sensitivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PGL measured 180 minutes after GC may define an important subgroup of pre-diabetic children. The similar prevalance of CRF in both praediabetic groups underlines the importance of this subgroup. Lifestyle modification for two years improves CRF in this population.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest Tüzoltóu., 7, Hungary. szatam@gyer2.sote.hu
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szamosi
authors.forename: Antal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Czinner
authors.forename: Tamas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Szamosi
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sallai
authors.forename: Mensud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatunic
authors.forename: Zita
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Berla
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tomsits
authors.forename: Zsuzsa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Almássy
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Nolan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose