Tiring job and work related injury road crashes in the GAZEL cohort.
The objective was to describe at-work and commuting crashes occurring in a cohort of French employees and to investigate occupational risk factors. The subjects were employees of the French national electricity and gas companies, Electricité de France and Gaz de France (EDF-GDF), who volunteered to join a research cohort (the GAZEL cohort which included 20,625 participants in 1989). Only crashes with injuries were considered. Crashes for the periods 1989--2001 were recorded together with the type of journey (commuting, work, private), the type of road-user, self-estimated responsibility, and injuries sustained by the subject. Annual incidences for gender/age groups and socio-occupational groups were computed for each of the two types of work related crashes. Occupational risk factor analyses were conducted using a Cox proportional hazards regression model with time-dependent covariates adjusting for the main confounders. A total of 146,285 person years at work were observed. Two indicators of self-reported work fatigue were associated with the occurrence of at-work crashes: "nervously tiring work" for males (RR=1.6, 95% CI [1.1; 2.3]), sustained standing for females (RR=3.0, 95% CI [1.0; 8.4]), adjusting for health status, location of residence, type of family, transport mode and mileage. As regards crashes while commuting, a self-reported uncomfortable position at work was a risk factor among women (RR=1.9, 95% CI [1.1; 3.3]). On the other hand, these occupational factors were not linked to road crashes in private trips. Work related road crashes seem then to be a matter for a specific prevention. Preventing employees from becoming exhausted should be considered as the first way to initiate such a prevention.
Chiron
Mireille
M
Unité Mixte de Recherche et Surveillance Transport Travail Environnement (UMRESTTE, UMR T9405), 25 Avenue François Mitterrand, Bron F-69675, France. mireille.chiron@inrets.fr
Bernard
Marlène
M
Lafont
Sylviane
S
Lagarde
Emmanuel
E
D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005221:Fatigue / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012306:Risk; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012449:Safety / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires