title: [Role of intestinal flora in insulin resistance and obesity].
abstract: Intestinal flora can be modified by diet in both humans and rodents. Excess caloric intake in obese humans and rodents promotes proliferation of the bacterial phylum Firmicutes. Bacteria of the Firmicutes phylum permit more efficient intestinal extraction of nutrients. Oral transplantation of Firmicutes flora into axenic mice is sufficient to make them obese. The translocation towards the general circulation of the lipopolysaccharides released by lysis of Gram-negative intestinal bacilli promotes systemic inflammation. This inflammation plays a role in the genesis of insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in rodents. Pharmacological or dietary manipulation of intestinal flora may be a new strategy for treatment of overweight and its complications.
authors.affiliation: Service de diabétologie-endocrinologie-nutrition, CHU Bichat Claude Bernard, F-75877 Paris Cedex 18, France.
authors.forename: Amal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yazigi
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gaborit
authors.forename: Juan Patricio
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Maria-Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Butiler
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andreelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001433:Bacteriolysis; D001835:Body Weight; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000382:microbiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial