title: Rapid regulation of protein activity in fission yeast.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe is widely-used as a model organism for the study of a broad range of eukaryotic cellular processes such as cell cycle, genome stability and cell morphology. Despite the availability of extensive set of genetic, molecular biological, biochemical and cell biological tools for analysis of protein function in fission yeast, studies are often hampered by the lack of an effective method allowing for the rapid regulation of protein level or protein activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In order to be able to regulate protein function, we have made use of a previous finding that the hormone binding domain of steroid receptors can be used as a regulatory cassette to subject the activity of heterologous proteins to hormonal regulation. The approach is based on fusing the protein of interest to the hormone binding domain (HBD) of the estrogen receptor (ER). The HBD tag will attract the Hsp90 complex, which can render the fusion protein inactive. Upon addition of estradiol the protein is quickly released from the Hsp90 complex and thereby activated. We have tagged and characterised the induction of activity of four different HBD-tagged proteins. Here we show that the tag provided the means to effectively regulate the activity of two of these proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The estradiol-regulatable hormone binding domain provides a means to regulate the function of some, though not all, fission yeast proteins. This system may result in very quick and reversible activation of the protein of interest. Therefore it will be a powerful tool and it will open experimental approaches in fission yeast that have previously not been possible. Since fission yeast is a widely-used model organism, this will be valuable in many areas of research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Centre, Montebello, 0310 Oslo, Norway. Cathrine.Arnason.Boe@rr-research.no
authors.forename: Cathrine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bøe
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Chen-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sharom
authors.forename: Henriette C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Skjølberg
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boye
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kearsey
authors.forename: Stuart A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Macneill
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Tyers
authors.forename: Beáta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grallert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D019926:Cyclin B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000378:metabolism*; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C498823:Cdc13 protein, S pombe; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D019926:Cyclin B; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; C513447:PSF2 protein, S cerevisiae; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; D004958:Estradiol