title: Protein tyrosine nitration--functional alteration or just a biomarker?
abstract: Protein 3-nitrotyrosine is a posttranslational modification found in many pathological conditions from acute to chronic diseases. Could 3-nitrotyrosine formation participate on the basis of these diseases or is it just a marker connected with the associated nitroxidative stress? In vitro and in vivo data, including proteomic research, show that protein tyrosine nitration is a selective process where only a small amount of proteins is found nitrated and one or a few tyrosine residues are modified in each. Accumulating data suggest a strong link between protein 3-nitrotyrosine and the mechanism involved in disease development. In this review, we analyze the factors determining protein 3-nitrotyrosine formation, the functional and biological outcome associated with protein tyrosine nitration, and the fate of the nitrated proteins.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peluffo
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Radi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009566:Nitrates; D011506:Proteins; D014443:Tyrosine