title: Chronic L-arginine administration increases oxidative and nitrosative stress in rat hyperoxaluric kidneys and excessive crystal deposition.
abstract: Hyperoxaluric kidneys show an impaired diuretic response to acute infusion of L-arginine. In this study, we examined the chronic effect of l-arginine supplementation on CaOx crystal formation in hyperoxaluric rat kidneys. Eight groups were tested: control (received drinking water), L group (received L-arginine, 0.6%), LN group [received NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg)], L + LN group (received L-arginine + l-NAME), HP group [received hydroxyl-L-proline (HP, 5%) mixed with chow to induce hyperoxaluria], L + HP group (received HP + L-arginine), HP + LN group, and L + HP + LN group. The duration was 42 days, and each group had eight animals. Urinary biochemistry and renal CaOx amounts were measured, as well as renal expressions of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms and NAD(P)H oxidase. The distribution of inducible NOS (iNOS), NAD(P)H oxidase, ED1-positive cells, and nitrotyrosine was examined by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence studies, whereas superoxide production from the kidneys was examined by fluorescence spectrometric assay. Compared with the HP group, the L + HP group had excessive CaOx crystal accumulation and enhanced endothelial NOS (eNOS), iNOS, and NAD(P)H oxidase protein expression in the kidney. Urinary excretion of nitrotyrosine was markedly increased. Increased superoxide formation in the L + HP kidney was derived from NAD(P)H oxidase and uncoupled eNOS, and increased nitrotyrosine formation might derive from iNOS and ED1-positive cells that gathered around the CaOx crystals. L-NAME cotreatment (L + HP + LN group) reduced renal oxidative nitrosative stress and tubular damage, which were induced by L + HP. The results showed that chronic l-arginine treatment to the hyperoxaluric kidney with massive CaOx crystal deposition may have a toxic effect by enhancing intrarenal oxidative and nitrosative stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ho-Shiang
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ming-Chieh
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000378:metabolism*; D003460:Crystallization; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006909:Hydroxyproline; D006959:Hyperoxaluria / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D006909:Hydroxyproline; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester