title: Toxicity and physiological effects of brominated flame retardant PBDE-47 on two life stages of grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio.
abstract: This study examined the effects of a polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) compound, PBDE-47, on adult and larval stages of the estuarine grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio). The 96-h LC50 test resulted in an estimate of 23.60 microg/L (95% confidence interval=14.51-38.37 microg/L) for larval shrimp. Adult shrimp had a higher 96-h LC50 of 78.07 microg/L (95% CI=65.1-93.63 microg/L). Four physiological biomarkers glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPx), cholesterol (CHL) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were then assessed to study the sublethal effects of PBDE-47 exposure. GSH, LPx and AChE levels in both adults and larvae were not affected by PBDE-47 at concentrations up to 50 microg/L for 96 h. CHL levels were elevated in adults and larvae at the lowest exposure concentrations tested, but significant differences were found only in adult exposures. Effects associated with PBDE-47 aqueous exposures were observed at levels well above those reported in the environment.
authors.affiliation: National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, 219 Ft. Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412, United States. pete.key@noaa.gov
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Key
authors.forename: Katy W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoguet
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shaddrix
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Fulton
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether; D002784:Cholesterol; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D005978:Glutathione