Inhibitors of advanced glycation end products (AGEs): potential utility for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Accelerated atherosclerosis and microvascular complications are the leading causes of coronary heart disease, stroke, blindness, and end-stage renal failure, which could account for disabilities and high mortality rates in patients with diabetes. Recent clinical studies have substantiated the concept of "hyperglycemic memory" in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetes. Indeed, the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial-Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT-EDIC) Research, has revealed that intensive therapy during the DCCT reduces the risk of cardiovascular events by about 50% in type 1 diabetic patients 11 years after the end of the trial. Among various biochemical pathways activated under diabetic conditions, the process of formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their mode of action are most compatible with the theory "hyperglycemic memory." Further, there is a growing body of evidence that AGEs play an important role in CVD in diabetes. These observations suggest that the inhibition of AGEs formation may be a promising target for therapeutic intervention in diabetic vascular complications. Therefore, in this article, we review several agents with inhibitory effects on AGEs formation and their therapeutic implications in CVD in diabetes.
Yamagishi
Sho-ichi
S
Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan. shoichi@med.kurume-u.ac.jp
Nakamura
Kazuo
K
Matsui
Takanori
T
Ueda
So
S
Noda
Yoshihiro
Y
Imaizumi
Tsutomu
T
D000818:Animals; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects
D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced