title: Objective visual field evaluation using multifocal visual evoked potentials in patients with intracranial disease complicated by mental disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether visual field defects can be objectively evaluated using multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEPs) in patients with intracranial disease complicated by mental disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  First, to determine the normal pattern of mfVEPs, recordings were performed using a VERIS Junior Science recording apparatus (Mayo, Aichi, Japan) in 40 healthy subjects. Responses from 8 sites in each subject were divided into 4 quadrants (superior and inferior temporal quadrants and superior and inferior nasal quadrants). In each quadrant, two response waves were grouped and averaged, and the peak latency and amplitude were used for assessment. mfVEP recordings were also performed in 3 patients with intracranial disease complicated by mental disorders, in whom dynamic or static perimetry was impossible, or in whom reliable data could not be obtained, and quadrants showing abnormalities were compared with the sites of intracranial lesions observed by imaging techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 40 normal subjects, no significant differences were observed in the peak latency among the 4 quadrants, but the amplitude was significantly higher in the inferior than in the superior semi-field. mfVEPs in the 3 patients revealed abnormal waves, which corresponded to the lesions observed by imaging techniques.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The objective evaluation of visual field defects using mfVEPs may be useful in patients with intracranial disease complicated by mental disorders, in whom kinetic/static perimetry as a subjective examination is difficult.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan. y-eiichi@mrh.biglobe.ne.jp <y-eiichi@mrh.biglobe.ne.jp>
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yukawa
authors.forename: Toyoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Yeong-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nobuto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.forename: Futoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Taketani
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008579:Meningioma / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*