title: The effect of Chlamydia pneumoniae on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in vascular smooth muscle cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate the change of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) after the infection of the human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCSMCs) with Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) and the effect of PPARgamma agonist on the expression of PPARgamma of C. pneumoniae-infected HCSMCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the effect of PPARgamma agonist on the proliferation of C. pneumoniae-infected HCSMCs, rosiglitazone at various concentrations was applied 1 hour before inoculation of HCSMCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of PPARgamma mRNA in HCSMCs increased from 3 hours after C. pneumoniae infection and reached that of noninfected HCSMCs at 24 hours (p<0.05). The expression of PPARgamma protein in HCSMCs also increased from 3 hours after C. pneumoniae and persisted until 24 hours as compared with that of noninfected HCSMCs (p<0.05). The pretreatment of HCSMCs with rosiglitazone followed by the infection with C. pneumoniae augmented the expression of PPARgamma mRNA and protein (p<0.05) and decreased cell proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed that the expression of PPARgamma increases in response to C. pneumoniae infection and rosiglitazone further augmented the expression of PPARgamma. It is suggested that rosiglitazone could ameliorate the chronic inflammation in the vessel wall induced by C. pneumoniae by augmenting PPARgamma expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiotoracic Surgery, Catholic University College of Medicine, 65-1 Kumoh-dong, Uijongbu-si, Kyunggi-do 480-130, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Si-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jong-Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Tae-Kyun
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki-Bae
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Seung
authors.forename: Young-Pil
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kiyuk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone