title: The relationship between nurse education level and patient safety: an integrative review.
abstract: The relationship between patient safety and nurse education level has implications for current and prospective nurses, hospital administrators, policy makers, and nurse educators. This integrative literature review assesses the current state of science on the topic during a 20-year period, using the Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality's Patient Safety Indicators to measure outcomes. Twenty-four studies of variable quality were included. Although studies suggest that increasing RN dose (i.e., number of care hours) and skill mix (versus LPN) are associated with improved patient safety, evidence linking RN education level (i.e., BSN, ADN, diploma) is sorely lacking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky, USA. renee.ridley@murraystate.edu
authors.forename: Renee T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Ridley
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D004507:Education, Nursing, Associate; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; D004510:Education, Nursing, Diploma Programs; D004522:Educational Status; D006801:Humans; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education* / Q000458:organization & administration; D009743:Nursing, Practical / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010344:Patient Advocacy; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling / Q000458:organization & administration; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012107:Research Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States