title: [Pollen Typhae total flavones inhibit expression of interleukin-6 in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells cultured with palmitate].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of Pollen Typhae total flavones (PTF) on expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA and protein secretion in C2C12 cell strain of skeletal muscle cells cultured with palmitate, and to explore the mechanism of PTF in relieving insulin resistance (IR).
  
  
  METHODS
  The IR of C2C12 cells was induced by co-culturing with palmitate. The C2C12 cells were divided into normal control group, untreated group, PDTC (a nuclear factor-kappaB inhibitor) treated group, rosiglitazone (ROS)-treated group, ROS+ PDTC-treated group, PTF-treated group and PTF+PDTC-treated group. Sixteen hours after culture, the transportation rate of glucose was observed by (3)H-deoxyglucose uptake method; IL-6 mRNA expression in C2C12 cells was assayed by real time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR), and level of IL-6 protein secretion in culture supernatant was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the normal control group, the transportation rate of glucose of cells in untreated group was decreased 30.43% after 16-hour palmitate culture, and was increased 32.39% in the PTF-treated group. Compared with the untreated group, the levels of IL-6 mRNA expression in cells and IL-6 protein secretion in supernatant were significantly decreased in the PTF-treated group (P<0.05). The levels of IL-6 mRNA expression in cells and IL-6 protein secretion in supernatant were increased in PTF+PDTC-treated group as compared with PFT-treated group (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PTF can inhibit the IL-6 mRNA expression and IL-6 protein secretion via nuclear factor-kappaB pathway in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, which may be one of its mechanisms in relieving inflammation conditions and insulin resistance in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells.
authors.affiliation: Institution of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Shao-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wei-Hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Yan-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Wen-Jian
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003470:Culture Media; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D047309:Flavones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D032448:Myoblasts, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry; D032401:Typhaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D047309:Flavones; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019308:Palmitic Acid