title: Distinct clinical and prognostic features of infiltrating lobular carcinoma of the breast: combined results of 15 International Breast Cancer Study Group clinical trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how patients with infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC) differ from patients with the more common infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) with regard to patient and tumor factors, local treatment, and patterns of recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve thousand two hundred six breast cancer patients entered onto 15 International Breast Cancer Study Group trials between 1978 and 2002 were categorized as having ILC, IDC, or other/mixed types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven hundred sixty-seven tumors (6.2%) were classified as ILC, 8,607 (70.5%) were classified as IDC, and 2,832 (23.2%) were classified as other. The analysis is limited to the 9,374 patients categorized as either pure IDC or ILC. The median follow-up time was 13 years. Compared with IDC, ILC was associated with older age; larger, better differentiated, and estrogen receptor (ER)-positive tumors; and less vessel invasion. Mastectomy was used more frequently for ILC (P < .01). There was a significant (P < .01) early advantage in disease-free survival and overall survival for the ILC cohort followed by a significant (P < .01) late advantage for the IDC cohort after 6 and 10 years, respectively. Similar patterns were observed in cohorts defined by ER status. ILC was associated with an increased incidence of bone events but a decrease in regional and lung events (all P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ILC is more than a histologic variant of breast cancer. The diagnosis of ILC carries distinct prognostic and biologic implications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. bernhard.pestalozzi@usz.ch
authors.forename: Bernhard C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Pestalozzi
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zahrieh
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mallon
authors.forename: Barry A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Gusterson
authors.forename: Karen N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Gelber
authors.forename: Stig B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.forename: Jurij
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lindtner
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thürlimann
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viale
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castiglione-Gertsch
authors.forename: Alan S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: Aron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldhirsch
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology