title: Telomerase-associated apoptotic events by mushroom ganoderma lucidum on premalignant human urothelial cells.
abstract: The chemopreventive effects of Ganoderma lucidum was tested, using a tumorigenic transformable human urothelial cell (HUC-PC) model. These in vitro data show that G. lucidum can inhibit the viability and growth of HUC-PC. This could be explained by a concomitant induction of apoptosis and inhibition of telomerase activity. Significant exteriorization of phosphatidylserine was detected by Annexin-V on cell surface, and the cells subsequently lost membrane integrity for uptake of 7-amino-actinomycin D dye. Additionally, the levels of hydrogen peroxide and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) production of the apoptotic cells were significantly increased. The induction of apoptosis and suppression of telomerase activity help to explain the anti-HUC-PC growth properties; however, the induction of oxidative stress requires further study. This study strongly suggests that G. lucidum is a potential source of chemopreventive agents for bladder cancer based on its effectiveness in controlling the premalignant urothelial cell growth and carcinogen-induced transformation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: John W M
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: Mayur Danny I
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Gohel
authors.forename: Doris Wai-Ting
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Au
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D018890:Chemoprevention; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry*; D019098:Telomerase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D019098:Telomerase; D003849:Deoxyguanosine