title: Influence of tissue optical properties on laser Doppler perfusion imaging, accounting for photon penetration depth and the laser speckle phenomenon.
abstract: The influence of tissue optical properties on laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) is not well understood. We address this problem by quantifying the dependence of the signal response to tissue optical properties based on speckles or coherence areas and on photon statistics. We investigate the effect in vivo, showing the amplitude of photocurrent fluctuations in normal skin and port-wine stain with a range of beam diameters, and its relation to the speckle size variation difference between these two tissues. For the case of a low concentration of moving particles moving within a static turbid medium, a model is described and applied to predict the influence of speckles on the overall and depth sensitivity of LDPI, for a range of scattering levels and absorption levels. The results show that the speckle related effects on overall and depth sensitivity are large and that the depth sensitivity is highly likely to be misinterpreted without taking the speckle phenomenon into account.
authors.affiliation: University of Twente, Institute for Biomedical Technology, Biophysical Engineering Group, P.O Box 217, NL-7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands. v.rajan@tnw.utwente.nl
authors.forename: Vinayakrishnan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.forename: Babu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: Ton G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Van Leeuwen
authors.forename: Wiendelt
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Steenbergen
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry / Q000379:methods*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry / Q000379:methods*; D017785:Photons; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity