title: Prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid dysfunction in young Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: Patients with an autoimmune condition are known to be at higher risk of developing other autoimmune disorders. Type 1 diabetes may be associated with additional autoimmune disorders including autoimmune thyroid disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies in a group of children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes from northeastern Brazil as well as their significance for the development of thyroid disorders. The study design was cross-sectional and descriptive, analyzing young people with a previous type 1 diabetes diagnosis. Two hundred and fourteen children and adolescents with prior diagnosis of type 1 diabetes were evaluated. Antibodies to thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO) were determined in all patients and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. The anti-TPO antibody test was positive in 54 out of the 214 patients studied, resulting in an overall prevalence of 25.2%. Among the anti-TPO-positive subjects, females were predominant (72%) over males (28%) (p < 0.001). A total of 55.5% patients with positive anti-TPO antibodies had abnormal TSH levels. Clinically significant hypothyroidism was found in 29.6% and subclinical hypothyroidism in 22.2% of patients with positive anti-TPO. Hyperthyroidism was present in only 3% of them. Our results demonstrate the high prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with type 1 diabetes and the need for these patients of regular screening to make a precocious diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology Unit of Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. jacqueline.araujo@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: Lucas A C
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.forename: Rafael L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Elcy A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Falcão
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milanese
authors.forename: Ludovica
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Segat
authors.forename: Paulo R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: José Luiz
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: de Lima-Filho
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crovella
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D013972:Thyrotropin; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase