title: Small cell carcinoma of the prostate treated with amrubicin.
abstract: We describe the use of amrubicin hydrochloride to treat small cell carcinoma of the prostate in a 23-year-old man. Initial radiological examinations of the patient revealed a pelvic tumor associated with bilateral hydronephrosis, pelvic lymph node swelling, and lumbar vertebral bone metastases. The pathological diagnosis was small cell carcinoma originating in the prostate, based on positive immunohistochemical staining for neuron-specific enolase, synaptophysin, and myoglobulin; and negative staining for CD3e, CD20, leukocyte common antigen, and CD99. The clinical stage was T4N1M1. A bilateral nephrostomy was performed to improve renal function, and an ileostomy was established to prevent ileus. The first induction chemotherapy consisted of amrubicin 35 mg/m(2) (days 1, 2, 3, monthly). The amrubicin regimen caused a dramatic reduction in tumor size, but could not be continued, because of the occurrence of grade 4 diarrhea. A different regimen was then administered, consisting of one cycle of a 50% dose and a second cycle of a 75% dose of etoposide (100 mg/m(2) days 1, 2, 3), coadministered with carboplatin (AUC 5, plasma concentration curve). Five months after the induction of chemotherapy, the patient suffered respiratory arrest and died.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Department of Reparative and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Life Science, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan. uroclin2@clin.medic.mie-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katou
authors.forename: Norihito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soga
authors.forename: Takehisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Kiminobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D010386:Pelvic Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018943:Anthracyclines; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C055866:amrubicin