title: X-ray imaging of various biological samples using a phase-contrast hard X-ray microscope.
abstract: In this study, we visualized the internal structures of various bio-samples and found the optimum conditions of test samples for the 7 keV hard X-ray microscope of the Pohang light source. From the captured X-ray images, we could observe the intercellular and intracellular structures of dehydrated human cells and mouse tumor tissues without using any staining materials in a spatial resolution better than 100 nm. The metastasized lung tissue, which was several tens of micrometers in thickness, was found to be very well suited to this hard X-ray microscope system, because it is nearly impossible to observe such a nontransparent and thick sample with a high spatial resolution better than 100 nm using any microscopes such as a soft X-ray microscope, an optical microscope, or an electron microscope.
authors.affiliation: System Bio-Dynamics National Core Research Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Guk Bae
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yae Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Tae Joo
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hwa Shik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.forename: Yong Song
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Gho
authors.forename: Sang Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014965:X-Rays