title: Impact of terminal digit preference by family physicians and sphygmomanometer calibration errors on blood pressure value: implication for hypertension screening.
abstract: The accuracy of blood pressure (BP) measurement is important; systematic small errors can mislabel BP status in many persons. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of 2 types of measurement errors on the evaluation of BP in family medicine: errors associated with terminal digit preference and those associated with calibration errors of sphygmomanometers. Secondary data analyses from 2 different projects were used to derive empiric distributions of terminal digit and BP device errors. Taking into account both types of errors, the proportion of false positives (falsely high BP) and false negatives (falsely normal BP) varied between 0. 82% and 5.18% of the population of consulting family physicians. In the United States, false positives and false negatives in patients' BP evaluations might lead to overtreating or undertreating 1.15 million to 7.25 million patients. Results support the need for the development of systematic interventions for quality control of BP measurements and periodic retraining for health professionals.
authors.affiliation: Stempel School of Public Health, Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA. theophile.niyonsenga@fiu.edu
authors.forename: Theophile
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niyonsenga
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vanasse
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Courteau
authors.forename: Lyne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cloutier
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D002138:Calibration; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010821:Physicians, Family; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019722:Sphygmomanometers / Q000592:standards*