title: [Effects of low-protein diet plus alpha-keto acid on micro-inflammation and the relationship between micro-inflammation and nutritional status in patients performing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: a randomized controlled trial].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of the combination of alpha-keto acid and low-protein diet on the levels of serum cytokines in patients performing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and to explore the relationship between inflammation and malnutrition in CAPD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine CAPD patients were randomized into three groups, and 78 cases completed a one-year follow-up and with complete data. There were 31 cases in low-protein diet plus alpha-keto acid group, 26 cases in low-protein diet group and 21 cases in routine-protein diet group. The levels of serum albumin (Alb), prealbumin (PA), retinol-binding protein (RBP), transferrin (TRF), cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), leptin, and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC), body mass index (BMI) were measured. The changes of serum interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with low-protein diet group, serum levels of PA, RBP and TRF were significantly increased both in low-protein diet plus alpha-keto acid and routine-protein diet groups ( P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference in the levels of PA, RBP and TRF between low-protein diet plus alpha-keto acid group and routine-protein diet group. There was an increased tendency in the content of Alb, TC, TG, BMI, TSF and MAMC, but there were no significant differences. The plasma levels of IL-1alpha, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in low-protein diet plus alpha-keto acid group were decreased as compared with the routine-protein diet group, but there were no significant differences. The plasma level of CRP in low-protein diet plus alpha-keto acid group was lower than that in the routine-protein diet group ( P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of alpha-keto acid and low-protein diet can ameliorate malnutrition and micro-inflammation in CAPD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Li-Jing
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Hai-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000628:therapy; D007651:Keto Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007651:Keto Acids