Progression of periodontal disease and interleukin-10 gene polymorphism.
OBJECTIVE
Interleukin-10 is a key immunoregulatory cytokine that may be of significance in the immunopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as periodontal disease. Molecular genetic studies have defined a number of haplotypes that may be associated with differing levels of interleukin-10 secretion. The present study investigated the possible association between interleukin-10 gene polymorphism and periodontal disease progression.


METHODS
Genomic DNA was obtained from 252 adults who were part of a prospective longitudinal study on the progression of periodontal disease in a general adult Australian population. Single nucleotide polymorphisms at positions -592 and -1082 in the interleukin-10 promoter were analysed using an induced heteroduplex methodology and used to determine interleukin-10 promoter haplotypes in individual samples. Periodontitis progression was assessed by measuring probing depths and relative attachment levels at regular intervals over a 5-year period. A generalized linear model was used to analyse the data, with age, gender, smoking status, interleukin-1 genotype and Porphyromonas gingivalis included as possible confounders.


RESULTS
There was a significant (p approximately 0.02) main effect of interleukin-10 haplotypes, with individuals having either the ATA/ACC or the ACC/ACC genotype experiencing around 20% fewer probing depths of >or= 4 mm compared to individuals with other genotypes. Age and smoking had significant (p < 0.001) additional effects.


CONCLUSIONS
These data suggest that the interleukin-10 genotype contributes to the progression of periodontal disease.
Cullinan
M P
MP
School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. m.cullinan@uq.edu.au
Westerman
B
B
Hamlet
S M
SM
Palmer
J E
JE
Faddy
M J
MJ
Seymour
G J
GJ
Middleton
P G
PG
Taylor
J J
JJ
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000483:Alleles; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D020180:Heteroduplex Analysis; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012907:Smoking
D016753:Interleukin-10