title: Gene expression subtypes in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis.
abstract: Chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a multisystem disease, the pathogenesis of which remains undetermined. We set out to determine the precise abnormalities of gene expression in the blood of patients with CFS/ME. We analyzed gene expression in peripheral blood from 25 patients with CFS/ME diagnosed according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention diagnostic criteria and 50 healthy blood donors, using a microarray with a cutoff fold difference of expression of >or=2.5. Genes showing differential expression were further analyzed in 55 patients with CFS/ME and 75 healthy blood donors, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Differential expression was confirmed for 88 genes; 85 were upregulated, and 3 were downregulated. Highly represented functions were hematological disease and function, immunological disease and function, cancer, cell death, immune response, and infection. Clustering of quantitative polymerase chain reaction data from patients with CFS/ME revealed 7 subtypes with distinct differences in Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form-36 scores, clinical phenotypes, and severity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, St. George's University of London, London. jkerr@sgul.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Petty
authors.forename: Beverley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gough
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fear
authors.forename: Lindsey I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: Derek L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Mattey
authors.forename: Selwyn C M
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Don A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kellam
authors.forename: Tim J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: George E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Main
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Enlander
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Nutt
authors.forename: Stephen T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Holgate
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015673:Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D005810:Multigene Family; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors