title: A case of anti-aquaporin-4 and anti-glutamate receptor antibodies positive myelitis presented with modest clinical signs.
abstract: We present a case of anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive myelitis, which suggests the high-risk syndrome of neuromyelitis optica, whose modest clinical signs were in conspicuous contrast to the extensive spinal cord lesions demonstrated on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Follow-up MR imaging showed marked improvement of lesions. Interestingly, an anti-glutamate receptor antibody, which has been suggested to cause dysfunction of N-methy-D-aspartate receptor on neuron, was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of the patient. We discuss the case and related literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kohnodai Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Tatsuhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuasa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000648:Amnesia, Retrograde / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D051401:Aquaporin 4 / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D050031:Hashimoto Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009471:Neuromyelitis Optica / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000276:immunology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D051401:Aquaporin 4; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D016899:Interferon-beta; D008775:Methylprednisolone