title: Muscle strength quantification in small animals: a new transcutaneous technique in rabbits.
abstract: The objective of this study was to develop a new, simple, and noninvasive technique to measure the force produced by dorsi-flexion of the foot in small animals. In addition, this study aimed to quantitatively describe changes in muscle and soft tissue structures using histomorphometry. The recovery of the dorsi-flexing muscles in the tibialis anterior compartment in New Zealand White rabbits was evaluated after musculoskeletal trauma by measuring isometric contractions after submaximal transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the peroneal nerve. The trauma included muscle and bone trauma that was treated with limb shortening followed by distraction osteogenesis. Muscle contractions were initiated at an amplitude of 5.1 mA for a duration of 2.56 ms at intervals of 50 ms. Based on consecutive measurements of the force on days 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 postsurgery, a positive trend in recovery of the stimulated force produced by dorsi-flexion of the foot was observed. The muscle strength at 30 days postsurgery was compared to that measured presurgery (baseline): 55% of the animals had dorsi-flexion strength that was 60% below that of the presurgery baseline muscle strength; 36% of the animals had dorsi-flexion strength that was greater than 60% of the baseline measure, indicating that there was a significant decrease in force produced by dorsi-flexion of the foot after trauma on all testing days (p < 0.01) and that a severe muscular injury was set with limited recovery. This technique provides a new option for examining muscle regeneration and rehabilitation in small animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma, Hand-, Plastic- & Reconstructive Surgery, University of Würzburg, Oberdürrbacher Str. 6, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany. meffert_r@chirurgie.uni-wuerzburg.de
authors.forename: Rainer H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Meffert
authors.forename: Sönke P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ochman
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Raschke
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Langer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006614:Hindlimb; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D053581:Muscle Strength Dynamometer; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011817:Rabbits; D020127:Recovery of Function; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology