Biocompatibility studies of endothelial cells on a novel calcium phosphate/SiO2-xerogel composite for bone tissue engineering.
The bone biomaterial BONITmatrix, a nanoporous, granular scaffold composed of hydroxylapatite, calcium phosphate and SiO2, linked by a dense collagen mesh, was tested for its biocompatibility using endothelial cells (EC) in the form of macrovascular HUVEC, microvascular HDMEC and the endothelial cell line ISOHAS-1. Cells were examined for their adherence and growth on the biomaterial and this was followed by confocal laser scanning microscopy after vital staining or immunocytochemical reactions, as well as by scanning electron microscopy. Macro- and microvascular ECs predominantly spread on BONITmatrix-collagen mesh-covered surfaces and fibres and maintained their typical morphology. As ECs in vivo must build up a functional vasculature, the seeded cells were further tested for proinflammatory expression markers and cytokine expression after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Protein-coating studies revealed that BONITmatrix-collagen scaffolds needed human blood serum coating to successfully support the growth of ECs. All cells expressed endothelium-specific surface marker proteins such as PECAM-1, VE-cadherin and vWF. The in vitro data support recent in vivo studies and indicate that this calcium phosphate/SiO2-xerogel composite could be a useful scaffold material for tissue engineering.
Thimm
Benjamin W
BW
Institute of Pathology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr.1, 55101 Mainz, Germany.
Unger
Ronald E
RE
Neumann
Hans-Georg
HG
Kirkpatrick
C James
CJ
D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
C519914:BONITmatrix; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D005782:Gels; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C020243:calcium phosphate