title: Intravenous iron without erythropoietin for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure and chronic kidney insufficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Iron deficiency anemia is a frequent finding in many patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of intravenous (i.v.) iron on the anemia of CHF patients and on cardiac remodeling, New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification and renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two patients with well-treated CHF which was NYHA class III-IV, and with hemoglobin (Hb) persistently <11 g/dL, were treated with i.v. iron over 26 weeks. Echocardiographic, hematological and renal parameters were measured at the beginning and end of the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hb increased significantly from 10.7 +/- 0.4 g/dL to 13.7 +/- 0.4 g/dL and from 9.4 +/- 0.6 g/dL to 12.7+/- 0.8 g/dL in the NYHA III and IV groups respectively. Posterior wall thickness, septal thickness (ST), left ventricular (LV) end diastolic volume and diameter, LV end systolic volume and diameter, LV mass index and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were all abnormal initially. All of these parameters improved significantly in the NYHA III patients, and all but ST and LVEF improved significantly in the NYHA IV patients. NYHA classification improved from III to II in 9 of 19 NYHA III patients (47.4%) (p<0.01) but did not improve in any of the 13 NYHA IV patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous iron causes a marked increase in hemoglobin in anemic CHF patients, and this is frequently associated with an improvement in cardiac remodeling and NYHA classification.
authors.affiliation: Republican Research Center of Emergency Medicine of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.
authors.forename: Rustam I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Usmanov
authors.forename: Elena B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Zueva
authors.forename: Donald S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Silverberg
authors.forename: Meital
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shaked
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000077605:Ferric Oxide, Saccharated; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D005937:Glucaric Acid; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006454:Hemoglobins; D014168:Transferrin; D005293:Ferritins; D003404:Creatinine; D007501:Iron; D000077605:Ferric Oxide, Saccharated; D005937:Glucaric Acid