title: Comparison of supercritical fluid and Soxhlet extractions for the isolation of nitro compounds from soils.
abstract: Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with CO(2), a clean and rapid alternative to conventional Soxhlet extraction, was investigated for the extraction of nitro compounds from soil samples. Quantitative extraction by SFE was accomplished at a pressure of 25 MPa and an extraction temperature of 60 degrees C, for 30 min in dynamic mode and using acetonitrile as modifier, and the results were comparable with those obtained by acetonitrile Soxhlet extraction (3 h) for all soil samples. Extracts from these two procedures were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Quantitative reproducibility for SFE extracts was acceptable (RSD 2-10%), and the quantity of solvent was reduced from 160 mL for Soxhlet extraction to 5 mL in the case of SFE.
authors.affiliation: University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Pardubice, Czech Republic. petra.bajerova@upce.cz
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bajerová
authors.forename: Ales
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eisner
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jezová
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ventura
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000032:analysis; D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000032:analysis; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D000432:Methanol / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011312:Pressure; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D012987:Soil; D012997:Solvents; D000096:Acetone; D000432:Methanol; C032159:acetonitrile