title: Direct mass spectrometry approaches to characterize polyphenol composition of complex samples.
abstract: Lower molecular weight polyphenols including proanthocyanidin oligomers can be analyzed after HPLC separation on either reversed-phase or normal phase columns. However, these techniques are time consuming and can have poor resolution as polymer chain length and structural diversity increase. The detection of higher molecular weight compounds, as well as the determination of molecular weight distributions, remain major challenges in polyphenol analysis. Approaches based on direct mass spectrometry (MS) analysis that are proposed to help overcome these problems are reviewed. Thus, direct flow injection electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis can be used to establish polyphenol fingerprints of complex extracts such as in wine. This technique enabled discrimination of samples on the basis of their phenolic (i.e. anthocyanin, phenolic acid and flavan-3-ol) compositions, but larger oligomers and polymers were poorly detectable. Detection of higher molecular weight proanthocyanidins was also restricted with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) MS, suggesting that they are difficult to desorb as gas-phase ions. The mass distribution of polymeric fractions could, however, be determined by analyzing the mass distributions of bovine serum albumin/proanthocyanidin complexes using MALDI-TOF-MS.
authors.affiliation: INRA-UMR 1083, 2, Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier cedex, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fulcrand
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mané
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Preys
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazerolles
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchut
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mazauric
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Souquet
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meudec
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cheynier
mesh_terms: D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins