title: Combined administration in a single injection of a feline multivalent modified live vaccine against FHV, FCV, and FPLV together with a recombinant FeLV vaccine is both safe and efficacious for all four major feline viral pathogens.
abstract: Nobivac Tricat, a lyophilised trivalent modified live attenuated vaccine is routinely used to protect cats against three commonly diagnosed feline viral pathogens namely herpesvirus, calicivirus and panleukopenia virus. The recognition of feline leukaemia virus (FeLV) as an important viral pathogen has prompted the development of an efficacious liquid recombinant subunit FeLV vaccine (p45 envelope protein). Lyophilised Tricat vaccine was dissolved in the liquid FeLV vaccine and no detectable deleterious effect on the titre of any of the live virus components was observed after 2h incubation. In vivo studies where the vaccines were mixed in the same syringe prior to inoculation showed no alteration to the safety profile assessed by repeat and overdose studies. Serological comparisons of the modified live viral antibody titres showed no evidence of reduced responses following administration of the mixed products. Challenge studies using pathogenic herpesvirus and FeLV revealed no difference in the degree of clinical protection. This paper shows that neither safety nor efficacy is adversely affected as a result of mixing the two vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals, Faculty of Animal Science, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece.
authors.forename: Theo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanellos
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: Claire F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Salisbury
authors.forename: William Stuart K
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chalmers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D017927:Calicivirus, Feline / Q000276:immunology; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002415:Cats; D005254:Feline Panleukopenia / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D028301:Feline Panleukopenia Virus / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000276:immunology; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D005256:Leukemia Virus, Feline / Q000276:immunology; D016582:Leukemia, Feline / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D012449:Safety; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D014765:Viral Vaccines