Development of a multilocus variable-number of tandem repeat typing method for Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b strains.
Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b strains have been identified as the causative agent in many human listeriosis epidemics as well as in a considerable number of sporadic cases. Due to the genetic homogeneity of serotype 4b isolates, development of rapid subtyping methods with high discriminatory power for serotype 4b isolates is required to allow for improved outbreak detection and source tracking. In this study, multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was developed and used to characterize 60 serotype 4b isolates from various sources. All isolates were also characterized by automated EcoRI ribotyping, single enzyme pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) with ApaI, and a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme targeting six virulence and virulence-associated genes. Discriminatory power of MLVA (as determined by Simpson Index of Discrimination) was higher than the discriminatory power of any of the other three methods. MLVA markers targeted were found to be stable and did not change when three isolates were passaged daily for 70 days. Cluster analyses of MLVA, PFGE and MLST consistently grouped the same isolates into three major clusters, each of which includes one of the three major L. monocytogenes epidemic clones (i.e., ECI, ECIa and ECII). We conclude that the MLVA method described here (i) provides for more discriminatory subtyping of L. monocytogenes serotype 4b strains than the other three methods, (ii) identifies three major groups within the serotype 4b, which are consistent with the groups identified by other subtyping methods, and (iii) is easy to interpret. Use of MLVA may thus be recommended for subtyping of serotype 4b isolates, including as a secondary more discriminatory subtyping method that could be used after initial isolate characterization by PFGE or ribotyping.
Miya
Satoko
S
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Marine Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
Kimura
Bon
B
Sato
Miki
M
Takahashi
Hajime
H
Ishikawa
Tatsuya
T
Suda
Takayuki
T
Takakura
Chikako
C
Fujii
Tateo
T
Wiedmann
Martin
M
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field / Q000379:methods; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000382:microbiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D021521:Ribotyping / Q000379:methods*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012703:Serotyping; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
D001426:Bacterial Proteins