Cardiometabolic disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.
Cardiometabolic problems in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have recently begun to emerge as distinct clinical problems that require monitoring and often intervention. The cardiometabolic issues that face HIV-infected children include high rates of unfavorable lipid profiles, insulin resistance, cardiovascular inflammation, and vascular stiffness as well as the phenotypic features of truncal adiposity and facial/extremity wasting. Children differ from adults in that many have been exposed to both HIV and antiretroviral therapies even before birth. The future risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes is poorly defined yet warrants close tracking because a number of risk factors are present in early childhood. Preventive care and interventions that include surveillance of nutrition and body composition, dietary counseling, exercise programs, and drug therapy should be considered standard care for all HIV-infected children.
Miller
Tracie L
TL
Division of Pediatric Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA. tracie.miller@miami.edu
Grant
Yoran T
YT
Almeida
Daniela Neri
DN
Sharma
Tanvi
T
Lipshultz
Steven E
SE
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001823:Body Composition; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet; D015444:Exercise; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012307:Risk Factors
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents