title: Effects of amrinone in an experimental model of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During some surgical interventions, temporary occlusion of the hepatic blood supply may cause ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Recent studies suggest that type 3 phosphodiesterase inhibitors may have a beneficial effect on liver IR injury. The aim of this study was to investigate whether amrinone, a type 3 phosphodiesterase inhibitor, could have a protective effect on liver having experimental liver IR injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups. The IR and amrinone groups were subjected to 1 h total hepatic ischemia, followed by 2 h of reperfusion. The sham group underwent midline laparotomy only. Amrinone 10 microg/kg/min was infused to the amrinone group during the 3 h of the IR period. Histopathological examination, biochemical liver function, and liver adenosine triphosphate concentration after reperfusion and survival rate on the seventh day after the IR insult were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase levels, and histological damage scores in the amrinone and IR groups were significantly higher compared with the sham group (P < 0.01). However, all of these values were significantly lower in the amrinone group than in the IR group (P < 0.05). Liver adenosine triphosphate levels and the rat survival rate in the amrinone and IR groups were significantly lower than those in the sham group (P < 0.01). However, these values were significantly higher in the amrinone group compared to those in the IR group (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that amrinone plays a significant role in the protection of liver against IR injury and that this treatment may be a novel pharmacological agent for safe and efficient liver surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kucuk
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akcan
authors.forename: Hizi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akyýldýz
authors.forename: Hulya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akgun
authors.forename: Sebahattin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muhtaroglu
authors.forename: Erdogan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sozuer
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000676:Amrinone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000676:Amrinone; D002118:Calcium