title: Comparison of the efficacy of combination and monotherapy with caspofungin and liposomal amphotericin B against invasive candidiasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate if combination therapy with liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB), and caspofungin (CAS) is superior to monotherapies in an experimental model with azole-resistant Candida albicans.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was carried out between October 2006 and August 2007 in Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. A total of 144 mice were included in the study, and divided into 4 groups as: control (n=36), CAS treatment group n=36, LAmB treatment group (n=36), and combination therapy group (n=36). Treatment efficacy was assessed by determining survival, as well as, the decrease in tissue fungal densities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fungal densities in tissues were significantly reduced, and the survival rates were prolonged with either CAS only, or LAmB only, or with combination therapy compared to those of controls (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between monotherapy groups. Decrease in tissue fungal densities were significant in CAS and LAmB (1mg/kg) combination group, compared to CAS (1mg/kg) and LAmB (1mg/kg) groups (p=0.004 for CAS, p=0.009 for LAmB). Survival rates were similar in both treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination treatment was superior with 1mg/kg of doses of LAmB and CAS in terms of reducing the tissue fungal burden. Although with combination therapy the survival rates prolonged in all subgroups, no significant difference between the combination and monotherapies could be shown. Additional studies with a large number of cases are warranted to investigate the superiority of combination therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Medicine, Manisa, Turkey. otunger@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tunger
authors.forename: Halim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bayram
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Degerli
authors.forename: Gonul
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dinc
authors.forename: Banu C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cetin
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000077336:Caspofungin; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055666:Lipopeptides; D051379:Mice; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B; D000077336:Caspofungin