title: Clinical trial: single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol (PEG-3350) in healthy young and elderly subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol 3350 (PEG-3350) have not been fully described because of lack of a sufficiently sensitive analytical method.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the pharmacokinetics of PEG-3350 in humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  A highly sensitive, high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) method was developed for PEG-3350 in urine, plasma and faeces with quantification limits of 30 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL and 500 microg/g respectively. Noncompartmental pharmacokinetics methods were used and the effects of gender, age, renal status and dosing frequency were examined after the oral administration of 17 g to healthy volunteers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peak PEG-3350 plasma concentrations occurred at 2-4 h and declined to nonquantifiable levels usually within 18 h after single and multiple doses, with a half-life of about 4-6 h. Steady state was reached within 5 days of dosing. Mean urinary excretion of the administered dose ranged from 0.19% to 0.25%. Age, gender or mild kidney impairment did not alter the pharmacokinetics of PEG-3350. Mean faecal excretion of the administered dose was 93% in young subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the first time, a highly sensitive assay allowed comprehensive pharmacokinetics studies of PEG-3350 in humans. These studies confirmed that orally administered PEG-3350 is minimally absorbed, rapidly excreted and primarily eliminated via faeces.
authors.affiliation: Braintree Laboratories Inc., Braintree, MA 02185, USA. rpelham@braintreelabs.com
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Pelham
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Nix
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Chavira
authors.forename: M Vb
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Cleveland
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stetson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D011092:Polyethylene Glycols