title: Detection of EGFR gene mutations using the wash fluid of CT-guided biopsy needle in NSCLC patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we examined whether epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations were detectable using a polymerase chain reaction-based assay and wash fluid of computed tomography (CT)-guided lung biopsy needles.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA was extracted from wash fluid of CT-guided biopsy needles of 53 lung tumors (as diagnosed according to the results of the CT-guided biopsies). EGFR mutations, specifically exon19 deletions and exon21 L858R mutations, were examined using a mutant-enriched polymerase chain reaction assay. We also examined the presence of EGFR mutations in 26 surgically resected tumor specimens and compared the results with those obtained for the corresponding wash fluid samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The amount of DNA obtained for the wash fluid of the CT-guided biopsy needles ranged from 35 to 2360 ng. There were no significant differences in the amount of extracted DNA according to the tumor characteristics, including tumor size and the percentage of ground glass opacity. Thirty-four of the 53 lung tumor samples were histologically diagnosed as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Exon19 deletions and exon21 L858R mutations in EGFR were detected in 4 (12%) and 13 (38%) of 34 NSCLC cases, respectively. No EGFR mutations were found in the non-NSCLC cases. The EGFR mutation status in the wash fluid samples was consistent with those obtained for all 26 corresponding surgical specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that EGFR mutations can be detected using wash fluid of CT-guided biopsy needles. In this manner, the DNA genotype can be determined even in extremely small clinical specimens using highly sensitive assays.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer and Thoracic Surgery, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toyooka
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soh
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suehisa
authors.forename: Naruyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gobara
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiura
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Date
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D066246:ErbB Receptors