title: Effects of duration of zilpaterol hydrochloride feeding and days on the finishing diet on feedlot cattle performance and carcass traits.
abstract: British and British x Continental steers (n = 560; initial BW = 339.4 +/- 1.76 kg) were used in a serial slaughter study with a completely random design to evaluate effects of zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH; 8.33 mg/kg of dietary DM basis) on performance and carcass characteristics. Treatments were arranged in a 4 x 4 factorial (112 pens; 7 pens/treatment; 5 steers/pen) and included duration of ZH feeding (0, 20, 30, or 40 d before slaughter plus a 3-d ZH withdrawal period) and days on feed (DOF) before slaughter (136, 157, 177, and 198 d). No duration of ZH feeding x slaughter group interactions were detected for the performance measurements (P > 0.10). Final BW did not differ (P = 0.15) between the 0-d group and the average of the 3 ZH groups, but ADG was greater for the average of the 3 ZH groups during the period in which ZH diets were fed (P < 0.01) and for the overall feeding period (P = 0.05). As duration of ZH feeding increased, DMI decreased (P = 0.01) and G:F increased linearly (P < 0.01). With the exception of KPH (P = 0.022), no duration of ZH feeding x slaughter group interactions (P > 0.10) were detected for carcass characteristics. Regardless of the duration of ZH feeding, cattle fed ZH had greater HCW (P < 0.01), greater dressing percent (P < 0.01), less 12th-rib fat (P < 0.01), larger LM area (P < 0.01), less KPH (P = 0.03), and lower yield grade (P < 0.01) than the 0-d cattle. The 0-d group had greater marbling scores (P < 0.01) than cattle fed ZH diets, with a tendency for a linear decrease in marbling score (P = 0.10) as duration of ZH feeding was extended. A greater percentage of carcasses in the 0-d group graded USDA Choice or greater (P < 0.01) than in the 3 ZH groups, whereas the percentage of Select carcasses was greater (P = 0.01) for the 3 ZH groups. From d 0 to end (P = 0.04) and during the last 43 d on feed (P < 0.01), ADG responded quadratically to DOF before slaughter. No differences were detected among slaughter groups for DMI for the entire trial period; however, a quadratic response (P = 0.02) was observed for the final 43 d before slaughter. A quadratic response was also detected for the final 43 d before slaughter (P < 0.01) and from d 0 to end (P = 0.02) for G:F. Final BW, HCW, dressing percent, and 12th-rib fat increased linearly (P < 0.01) as DOF before slaughter increased. Our results indicate that no substantial effects on performance and carcass measurements were observed when ZH was fed for 30 or 40 d as opposed to 20 d, and that effects of ZH generally did not interact with DOF before slaughter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, USA. jvasconcelos2@unl.edu
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Rathmann
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Reuter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leibovich
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: McMeniman
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hales
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Covey
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Galyean
mesh_terms: D018663:Adrenergic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000254:growth & development*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018663:Adrenergic Agents; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds; C475840:Zilpaterol