title: Schizotypal traits in healthy women predict prefrontal activation patterns during a verbal fluency task: a near-infrared spectroscopy study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous functional neuroimaging studies have reported that patients with schizophrenia show reduced prefrontal activation during cognitive tasks whereas patients with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) show preserved or even increased right prefrontal activation, compared to healthy controls; on the other hand, reduced hemispheric laterality is considered to be common to these two disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the possible association between schizotypal traits at a nonclinical level and prefrontal activation patterns during a letter version of the verbal fluency task (VFT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the relationships of schizotypal traits as measured by the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) in a nonclinical female population with prefrontal activation patterns during the VFT, using near-infrared spectroscopy. Twenty-seven healthy participants were divided into high (n = 14) and low (n = 13) SPQ groups by the median split of the total SPQ score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the low SPQ group, the high SPQ group showed significantly larger right prefrontal activation during the performance of the VFT, leading to more bilateral activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that schizotypal traits at a nonclinical level may be related to relative right prefrontal laterality with overall prefrontal activation being preserved, consistent with previous findings obtained by studies of patients with SPD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. balius26@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Mitsue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagamine
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Soshi
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunugi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012569:Schizotypal Personality Disorder / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014825:Vocabulary
chemical_list: D010108:Oxyhemoglobins