title: Effects of tributyltin at concentrations below ambient levels in seawater on Caprella danilevskii (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae).
abstract: Hatched juveniles of Caprella danilevskii (Crustacea: Amphipoda) were exposed to one of two concentrations of tributyltin (TBT) (1.1 and 10.7 ng TBTL(-1)) for 49 d at 20 degrees C. These concentrations are near or below ambient levels in seawater. In both treatments and control, the survival rate was 100% at maturation, and >85% at the end of the experiments. Females reached maturation at 20 (median) to 21.5d at instar VII, and repeated spawning 4-5 times during the experiment. The total number of juveniles per female decreased significantly from 39.5 in the control to 24.5 and 17.5 in 1.1 ng L(-1) and 10.7 ng L(-1) treatments, respectively. An earlier study reported that as the TBT concentration in seawater increased from a 0-10 ng L(-1) regime to a 10-20 ng L(-1) regime, the number of stations where Caprella spp. could be collected decreased along the coast of the Seto Inland Sea, of Japan. Thus, the present study indicates the possibility that the extremely low concentration of TBT measured in Japanese waters after 2000 lead to a reduction in reproductive success of Caprella spp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Environment Conservation, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Akane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aono
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000187:drug effects; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C011559:tributyltin