title: Optimizing the signal enhancement in cryogenic ex situ DNP-NMR spectroscopy.
abstract: Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is often carried out at low temperatures to utilize the high spin polarization of the radical electrons at these temperatures. We have observed that in the absence of microwave irradiation and radical a transient negative polarization is observed for the methyl signals of acetone and DMSO. We suggest that this polarization arises from rotational tunneling levels in this system. For samples dissolved in these solvents, we see a diminished polarization with a microwave frequency of omegae - omegaN compared to omegae + omegaN, and we relate the two effects due to constructive/destructive interference with proton spin diffusion and spin symmetry diffusion mediating the intermolecular transfer of polarization. Perdeuteration of the solvents acts to nullify this effect. Awareness of this additional factor in the temperature jump DNP experiment allows improved experiment design and polarization of samples which have otherwise proven virtually impossible.
authors.affiliation: HWB-NMR, Division of Cancer Studies, School of Medicine, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: Martin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: Ulrich L
authors.initials: UL
authors.lastname: Günther
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone / Q000737:chemistry; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008872:Microwaves; D062907:Oxaloacetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D014867:Water; D000096:Acetone; D062907:Oxaloacetic Acid