title: Obesity and risk of sleep related upper airway obstruction in Caucasian children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity is thought to be a significant risk factor for upper airway obstruction during sleep in children. However, the moderating influences of age and ethnicity have not been well explored and the relative contribution of obesity per se to upper airway obstruction has yet to be quantified. Given the markedly increasing prevalence of childhood obesity, an objective understanding of the impact of obesity on upper airway obstruction is important. The purpose of the present study was to examine the interaction between obesity, age and upper airway obstruction in Australian Caucasian children referred for evaluation of snoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective case study involving 190 children (4-12 y) who were referred for evaluation of upper airway obstruction and underwent one night of polysomnography at the Adelaide Women's and Children's Hospital Sleep Disorders Unit. Children were classified as Infrequent Snorers (n = 80), Habitual Snorers (n = 68) or Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) (n = 42) (i.e., obstructive apnea hypopnea index (OAHI) > or = 1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five percent (66/190) of children were overweight or obese. Body mass index but not age was a significant but weak predictor of OAHI (< 5% of the variance).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Australian Caucasian children aged 4-12 years who snore, obesity but not age was a significant, albeit weak, predictor of upper airway obstruction during sleep.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Sleep Research, The University of South Australia, Level 7, Playford Building, City East Campus, Frome Road, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia 5000. mark.kohler@unisa.edu.au
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lushington
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Couper
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Cameron
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pamula
authors.forename: Declan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012913:Snoring / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*