title: Visual mismatch negativity among patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: Event related potentials (ERPs) provide an insight into sensory and cognitive processes in health and disease. Studies of an ERP negative amplitude deflection elicited by a change in a series of auditory stimuli is known as mismatch negativity (MMN). The generation of MMN is impaired in schizophrenia. Its deficit is associated with lower everyday functioning and may be also interpreted as the marker of progression in schizophrenia. MMN elicited by visual stimuli (vMMN) was described by several research teams, but it has not been investigated in schizophrenia as yet. Using a motion-direction paradigm, we elicited visual MMN in 24 patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The vMMN was computed as differences in areas under curve of visual ERPs to standard and deviant motion-direction stimuli recorded from midline derivations at the interval of 100-200 ms. They were compared between groups of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. The significantly smaller vMMN indicated an impaired generation of mismatch negativity in patients with schizophrenia. In secondary analyses there was an association of vMMN impairment among patients with higher dose of medication, lower level of functioning and the presence of deficit syndrome. This impairment appears analogous to the impairment of MMN in the auditory domain and is probably related to early visual information processing. Its relationship to cognitive functioning of patients with schizophrenia deserves further attention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University in Prague and Faculty Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. a.urban@centrum.cz
authors.forename: Ales
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kremlácek
authors.forename: Jirí
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Masopust
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Libiger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D035061:Control Groups; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*