title: Boerhaavia diffusa stimulates cell-mediated immune response by upregulating IL-2 and downregulating the pro-inflammatory cytokines and GM-CSF in B16F-10 metastatic melanoma bearing mice.
abstract: Effect of Boerhaavia diffusa extract on the Cell Mediated Immune (CMI) response in metastatic condition was studied using C57BL/6 mice model. Administration of Boerhaavia diffusa enhanced Natural Killer (NK) cell activity, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and antibody-dependent complement mediated cytotoxicity (ACC) and the activity was observed in treated group much earlier compared to the metastatic tumor bearing control. Production of the cytokine IL-2 was significantly enhanced by the administration of Boerhaavia diffusa compared to the untreated metastatic tumor bearing control. Levels of GM-CSF and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNF-a were significantly lowered by Boerhaavia diffusa administration compared to metastatic control. The gene expression level of IL-2, IL-1beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and GM-CSF in B16F-10 cells also correlate the above result. These results indicate Boerhaavia diffusa could enhance the immune response against metastatic progression of B16F-10 melanoma cells in mice.
authors.affiliation: Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur-680555, Kerala State, India.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Manu
authors.forename: Girija
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kuttan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020014:K562 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D039281:Nyctaginaceae; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D010936:Plant Extracts; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor