title: Olanzapine plus dialectical behavior therapy for women with high irritability who meet criteria for borderline personality disorder: a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This double-blind study examined whether olanzapine augments the efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) in reducing anger and hostility in borderline personality disorder patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four women with borderline personality disorder (DSM-IV criteria) and high levels of irritability and anger received 6 months of DBT. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive either low-dose olanzapine or placebo and were assessed with standardized measures in a double-blind manner. The study was conducted from September 2000 to December 2002.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intent-to-treat analyses indicated that both treatment conditions resulted in significant improvement in irritability, aggression, depression, and self-inflicted injury (p < .01 for each). Irritability and aggression scores tended (p < .10) to decrease more quickly for the olanzapine group than for the placebo group. Self-inflicted injury tended (p < .10) to decrease more for the placebo group than for the olanzapine group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Olanzapine may promote more rapid reduction of irritability and aggression than placebo for highly irritable women with borderline personality disorder. Effect sizes were moderate to large, with the small sample size likely limiting the ability to detect significant results. Overall, there were large and consistent reductions in irritability, aggression, depression, and self-injury for both groups of subjects receiving DBT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-1525, USA. linehan@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Marsha M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Linehan
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: McDavid
authors.forename: Milton Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Jennifer H R
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Sayrs
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gallop
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007508:Irritable Mood; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine