title: In vivo animation of auditory-language-induced gamma-oscillations in children with intractable focal epilepsy.
abstract: We determined if high-frequency gamma-oscillations (50- to 150-Hz) were induced by simple auditory communication over the language network areas in children with focal epilepsy. Four children (aged 7, 9, 10 and 16 years) with intractable left-hemispheric focal epilepsy underwent extraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) as well as language mapping using neurostimulation and auditory-language-induced gamma-oscillations on ECoG. The audible communication was recorded concurrently and integrated with ECoG recording to allow for accurate time lock on ECoG analysis. In three children, who successfully completed the auditory-language task, high-frequency gamma-augmentation sequentially involved: i) the posterior superior temporal gyrus when listening to the question, ii) the posterior lateral temporal region and the posterior frontal region in the time interval between question completion and the patient's vocalization, and iii) the pre- and post-central gyri immediately preceding and during the patient's vocalization. The youngest child, with attention deficits, failed to cooperate during the auditory-language task, and high-frequency gamma-augmentation was noted only in the posterior superior temporal gyrus when audible questions were given. The size of language areas suggested by statistically significant high-frequency gamma-augmentation was larger than that defined by neurostimulation. The present method can provide in vivo imaging of electrophysiological activities over the language network areas during language processes. Further studies are warranted to determine whether recording of language-induced gamma-oscillations can supplement language mapping using neurostimulation in presurgical evaluation of children with focal epilepsy.
authors.affiliation: MD/PhD Program, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Erik C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rothermel
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Juhász
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Muzik
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoechstetter
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sood
authors.forename: Harry T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Chugani
authors.forename: Eishi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Asano
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*