title: Evaluation of extended-life pheromone formulations used with and without dichlorvos for boll weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) trapping.
abstract: Boll weevil traps baited with a ComboLure (25 of mg grandlure + 30 mg of eugenol + 90 of mg dichlorvos [DDVP]), an extended-release lure (25 mg of grandlure + 30 mg of eugenol + 60 of mg DDVP kill-strip), and extended-release lure with no DDVP were evaluated for boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), captures in South Texas cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., fields during February-March 2005 and March-April 2006. The traps were serviced once a week for five consecutive weeks by using the same methodology as active boll weevil eradication programs. Mean captured boll weevils from extended-release lures with no DDVP were significantly higher in five of 10 trapping weeks compared with captures of the ComboLure and extended lure. Weekly mortality of boll weevils captured was similar for the ComboLure (72.6 +/- 4.7%) and extended lure + DDVP (73.5 +/- 4.0%), and both were significantly higher than the extended lure (32.8 +/- 5.0%) with no DDVP. The presence or absence of DDVP did not significantly affect the sex ratio of field-captured boll weevils. We found no functional reasoning for using DDVP in large scale trapping of boll weevils regardless of the formulation or presentation in the trap. We conducted two additional trapping evaluations after the 2005 and 2006 studies, but the numbers of boll weevils captured were too low for statistical comparisons, indicating that boll weevil eradication is reducing populations in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas.
authors.affiliation: Beneficial Insect Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 2413 East Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA. scott.armstrong@.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: J Scott
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Shoil M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Greenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000187:drug effects*; D003516:Cycloparaffins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004006:Dichlorvos / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010675:Pheromones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003516:Cycloparaffins; D007306:Insecticides; D010675:Pheromones; D005054:Eugenol; D004006:Dichlorvos; C011834:grandlure