title: Low-carbohydrate diet versus caloric restriction: effects on weight loss, hormones, and colon tumor growth in obese mice.
abstract: Our objective was to compare the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet to a high-carbohydrate/calorie-restricted diet on weight loss, hormones, and transplanted colon tumor growth. Eighty male C57BL/6 mice consumed a diet-induced obesity regimen (DIO) ad libitum for 7 weeks. From Weeks 8 to 14, the mice consumed a 1) DIO diet ad libitum (HF); 2) low-carbohydrate diet ad libitum (LC); 3) high-carbohydrate diet ad libitum (HC); or 4) HC calorie restricted diet (HC-CR). MC38 cells were injected at Week 15. At the time of injection, the HC-CR group displayed the lowest body weight (25.5 +/- 0.57 g), serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I; 135 +/- 56.0 ng/ml), and leptin (1.0 +/- 0.3 ng/ml) levels. This group also exhibited the longest time to palpable tumor (20.1 +/- 0.9 days). Compared to the HF group, the HC group exhibited lower body weight (39.4 +/- 1.4 vs. 32.9 +/- 0.7 g, respectively), IGF-I (604 +/- 44.2 vs. 243.4 +/- 88.9 ng/ml, respectively), and leptin (15.6 +/- 2.2 vs. 7.0 +/- 0.7 ng/ml, respectively) levels but similar tumor growth. IGF-I levels were lower in the LC group (320.0 +/- 39.9 ng/ml) than the HF group, but tumor growth did not differ. These data suggest LC diets do not slow colon tumor growth in obese mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Ecology, Division of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, TX 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Karrie E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Wheatley
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Nicole C P
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dillard
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Nomeli P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Nunez
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Hursting
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lane
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D050528:Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy*; D011897:Random Allocation; D015431:Weight Loss; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I