title: Surgeon-performed ultrasound reliably predicts skin spacing and may decrease the rate of MammoSite balloon catheter explantation in patients undergoing brachytherapy for breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine if the distance from the skin to the seroma cavity, as measured with ultrasound (US) before catheter placement, correlated with the distance from skin to MammoSite balloon catheter as measured on computerized axial tomography (CAT) after catheter placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  US was used to measure the distance from the skin to the seroma cavity, and then the MammoSite balloon catheter was inserted. Skin-to-balloon distance was then measured using CAT. Statistical analysis was performed to determine correlation between the 2 measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our cohort consisted of 70 patients. US distance correlated with CAT distance (Pearson correlation coefficient .70). Mean US distance was 10.8 mm (SD 4.5 mm); mean CAT distance was 11.9 mm (SD 7.5 mm); and mean difference between the 2 measurements was -1.1 mm (SD 6.1 mm). A US measurement >/=7.6 mm predicted successful completion of MammoSite brachytherapy in 98% of patients. Patients with skin-to-seroma cavity distance <7.6 mm required explantation before treatment completion 39% of the time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Office-based US performed before insertion of the MammoSite balloon catheter statistically correlates with measurement by CAT. Patients with >/=7.6 mm skin-to-seroma cavity distance on US had a higher completion rate of MammoSite brachytherapy treatment.
authors.affiliation: College of Medicine, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA.
authors.forename: J Ben
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: Juhee
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Kandice
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kilbride
authors.forename: Darlene
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miltenburg
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary