title: Echogenic carotid artery plaques are associated with vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with low bone mass.
abstract: Although low bone mass has been associated with atherosclerosis even after adjustment for age, little is known about the association between vertebral fractures and calcified atherosclerotic plaques. Our objective was to investigate whether osteoporotic vertebral fractures are independently related to the prevalence of atherosclerotic carotid plaques in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. We enrolled 195 postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Bone mineral density and the presence of vertebral fractures were assessed. Intima media thickness and atherosclerotic plaques of the carotid artery were assessed using ultrasonography. Of the 195 subjects in the study, 84 had no plaques and 111 had at least one. The percentage of women with vertebral fractures was significantly higher in subjects with echogenic carotid plaques than in those without (27% vs. 11%, respectively; P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in the prevalence of vertebral fractures between women with echolucent plaques and those without (10.9% vs. 10.7%, respectively; P = nonsignificant). By logistic regression analysis with multivariate adjustment, age (P < 0.01), dyslipidemia (P < 0.05), and the presence of vertebral fracture (P < 0.05) were independent risk factors for echogenic carotid plaques. Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are associated with an increased risk of echogenic atherosclerotic plaques in postmenopausal women with low bone mass. It appears that the high association of echogenic atherosclerotic plaques and vertebral fractures could partially explain why osteoporotic vertebral fractures are linked to increased mortality.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Goyang, South Korea. bonesh@naver.com
authors.forename: Se Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoo Mee
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi Ae
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yumie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Kyu Yeon
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Eun Seok
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Bong Soo
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Eun Jig
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun Chul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung Kil
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D015519:Bone Density; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood; D019160:Endosonography; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D011859:Radiography; D012307:Risk Factors; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries