title: In vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive actions of some Lamium species.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several Lamium species have been used to relieve pain in arthritic ailments in Turkish folk medicine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of different extracts prepared with methanol, dichloromethane, n-butanol and water from the aerial parts of some Lamium species of Turkish origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lamium eriocephalum subsp. eriocephalum, Lamium garganicum subsp. laevigatum, Lamium garganicum subsp. pulchrum and Lamium purpureum var. purpureum (Lamiaceae); for the anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model, PGE(2)-induced hind paw edema model, and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-acetate (TPA)-induced mouse ear edema model and for the antinociceptive activity p-benzoquinone (PBQ)-induced writhing test in mice were employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The n-butanol extracts of Lamium garganicum subsp. laevigatum (LGL-BuOH), Lamium garganicum subsp. pulchrum (LGP-BuOH), and Lamium purpureum var. purpureum (LPP-BuOH) exhibited notable inhibition (16.5-28.9, 14.5-26.9, 12.3-21.5%, resp.) in carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model at doses of 200mg/kg without inducing any gastric damage. The LGL-BuOH (7.1-30.4%) and LGP-BuOH (5.9-24.1%) extracts also displayed potent anti-inflammatory activity against PGE(2)-induced hind paw edema model. LGL-BuOH and LGP-BuOH were also found to exhibit remarkable antinociceptive activity in p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction test at a dose of 200 mg/kg (25.0 and 24.3%, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The experimental data demonstrated that Lamium garganicum subsp. laevigatum and Lamium garganicum subsp. pulchrum displayed remarkable anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara, Turkey. esrak@gazi.edu.tr
authors.forename: Esra Küpeli
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Akkol
authors.forename: Funda Nuray
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Yalçin
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Ihsan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Caliş
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yesilada
authors.forename: Tayfun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ersöz
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts