title: Role of androgens, progestins and tibolone in the treatment of menopausal symptoms: a review of the clinical evidence.
abstract: Estrogen-containing hormone therapy (HT) is the most widely prescribed and well-established treatment for menopausal symptoms. High quality evidence confirms that estrogen effectively treats hot flushes, night sweats and vaginal dryness. Progestins are combined with estrogen to prevent endometrial hyperplasia and are sometimes used alone for hot flushes, but are less effective than estrogen for this purpose. Data are conflicting regarding the role of androgens for improving libido and well-being. The synthetic steroid tibolone is widely used in Europe and Australasia and effectively treats hot flushes and vaginal dryness. Tibolone may improve libido more effectively than estrogen containing HT in some women. We summarize the data from studies addressing the efficacy, benefits, and risks of androgens, progestins and tibolone in the treatment of menopausal symptoms.
authors.affiliation: School of Women's and Infants' Health, The University of Western Australia, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco,Western Australia, Australia. mgarefalakis@obsgyn.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garefalakis
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hickey
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D000728:Androgens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007989:Libido / Q000187:drug effects; D008593:Menopause / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009652:Norpregnenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011372:Progestins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D009652:Norpregnenes; D011372:Progestins; D013739:Testosterone; C027385:tibolone