title: Assessment of left ventricular wall motion in diabetic rats using velocity vector imaging combined with stress echocardiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether velocity vector imaging (VVI) combined with stress echocardiography could detect potential diffused myocardial impairment of the left ventricle (LV) in diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into either the control group or the diabetes mellitus (DM) group (induced with STZ). VVI was performed both at rest and after dipyridamole stress in all rats 12 weeks later. Segmental peak systolic velocity (V(s)), diastolic velocity (V(d)), radial strain (epsilon(r)), circumferential strain (epsilon(c)), systolic and diastolic radial strain rate (SR(r)), and circumferential strain rate (SR(c)) were measured from six segments at the mid-level of the LV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At rest, systolic and diastolic SR(c) in the DM group were significantly lower than those in the control group. After dipyridamole stress, all VVI parameters in the DM group were significantly lower than those in the control group, although all values increased significantly after dipyridamole stress compared to those at rest in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The VVI-derived V(s,) V(d), epsilon(r), epsilon(c), systolic and diastolic SR(r) and SR(c), combined with dipyridamole stress are all effective parameters in evaluating potential myocardial impairment due to ultrastructural alterations of cardiocytes and microcirculation disturbances in DM rats. Systolic and diastolic SR(c) may be more sensitive indices that could be useful in detecting myocardial impairment at rest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Zhangrui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Haili
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaodong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Liwen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yongsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Guangbin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005080:Exercise Test; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013311:Streptozocin; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D013311:Streptozocin