Alcohol consumption and the risk for prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
Alcohol is a risk factor for several types of cancer. However, the results for prostate cancer have been inconsistent, with most studies showing no association. Within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, detailed information were collected from 142,607 male participants on the intake of alcoholic beverages at recruitment (for 100% of the cohort) and over lifetime (for 76% of the cohort) between 1992 and 2000. During a median follow-up of 8.7 years, 2,655 prostate cancer cases were observed. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of alcohol consumption at recruitment and average lifetime alcohol consumption with prostate cancer adjusted for age, center, smoking, height, weight, physical activity, and nonalcohol energy intake. Overall, neither alcohol consumption at baseline nor average lifetime alcohol consumption was associated with the risk for prostate cancer in this cohort of men. Men who consumed >or=60 g alcohol per day had a relative risk of 0.88 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.72-1.08] compared with men with an intake of 0.1-4.9 g/d; the respective relative risk for average lifetime intake was 1.09 (95% CI, 0.86-1.39). For advanced prostate cancer (n = 537), the relative risks for >or=60 and 0.1-4.9 g alcohol per day at baseline were 0.98 (95% CI, 0.66-1.44) and 1.28 (95% CI, 0.79-2-07), respectively, for average lifetime intake. No statistically significant association was observed for alcohol intake from specific alcoholic beverages. Our results indicate no association between the consumption of alcohol and prostate cancer in this cohort of European men.
Rohrmann
Sabine
S
Division of Cancer Epidemiology (C020), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. s.rohrmann@dkfz.de
Linseisen
Jakob
J
Key
Timothy J
TJ
Jensen
Majken K
MK
Overvad
Kim
K
Johnsen
Nina Føns
NF
Tjønneland
Anne
A
Kaaks
Rudolf
R
Bergmann
Manuela M
MM
Weikert
Cornelia
C
Naska
Androniki
A
Trichopoulou
Antonia
A
Trichopoulos
Dimitrios
D
Pala
Valeria
V
Sacerdote
Carlotta
C
Palli
Domenico
D
Tumino
Rosario
R
Bueno-de-Mesquita
H Bas
HB
Vrieling
Alina
A
González
Carlos A
CA
Larrañaga
Nerea
N
Navarro
Carmen
C
Barricarte
Aurelio
A
Quiros
J Ramon
JR
Martínez-García
Carmen
C
Hallmans
Göran
G
Stattin
Pär
P
Manjer
Jonas
J
Wirfält
Elisabet
E
Bingham
Sheila
S
Khaw
Key-Tee
KT
Egevad
Lars
L
Ferrari
Pietro
P
Jenab
Mazda
M
Riboli
Elio
E
D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004032:Diet; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires