title: Targeting IRFs by ubiquitination: regulating antiviral responses.
abstract: The IRF [IFN (interferon) regulatory factor] family of transcription factors control many cellular processes, including induction of key antiviral cytokines, type I IFNs, following viral infection. Recent studies have revealed several endogenous and viral proteins involved in ubiquitin-mediated regulation of IRF activity and thus having an impact on type I IFN signalling. Through the ubiquitin pathway, these proteins can manipulate the antiviral response either by initiating proteasomal degradation of the IRFs or, in contrast, by promoting activation of the IRFs.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics and RSCI Research Institute, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Rowan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Higgs
authors.forename: Caroline A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jefferies
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D054875:Ubiquitination
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors; D025801:Ubiquitin