title: High-dose adenosine-induced asystole assisting accurate deployment of thoracic stent grafts in conscious patients.
abstract: Adenosine has been used to induce asystole and assist deployment of endoluminal grafts. However, application of high-dose adenosine in conscious patients has not been described. In this prospective study, we administered high-dose adenosine in patients undergoing thoracic stent grafting. Asystole duration in relationship to the dosage of adenosine, safety, and side effect profiles was investigated. All patients who underwent thoracic stent grafting between 1998 and 2006 were the potential study subjects. They received monitored anesthesia care and local anesthesia unless contraindicated. Adenosine was given via rapid intravenous bolus immediately prior to the deployment of the stent graft. Every patient received a dose of 36 mg. If needed, a second dose of 18 mg was given. Duration of asystole was recorded after each administration. Patients' vital signs before and after administration were also documented. Side effect profiles were collected intra- and postoperatively. A total of 46 patients received adenosine (34 men, 12 women). Mean age was 60.4 +/- 17.5 years. American Society of Anesthesiologists scores were II in one patient (2%), III in six patients (13%), and IV in 39 patients (85%). Eighteen patients received a single dose of 36 mg adenosine, 15 were given a second dose of 18 mg, and 13 received nonstandard dosages. Asystole durations were 18.8 +/- 8.8 and 11.6 +/- 5.5 sec for 36 and 18 mg, respectively. Technical success was achieved in all cases. The differences achieved statistical significance (p = 0.0009). There were no severe cardiac or pulmonary complications. High-dose adenosine can be given safely in conscious patients. The dose-response was predictable and reproducible. The dosages used in our study induce sufficient duration of asystole, which ensured accurate deployment of thoracic stent grafts.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90502, USA. tonydfang@gmail.com
authors.forename: Tony D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lippmann
authors.forename: Clayton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kakazu
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Donayre
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bui
authors.forename: George E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Kopchok
authors.forename: Rodney A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000601:surgery*; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000241:Adenosine