title: Estimation of the minimum motor blocking potency ratio for intrathecal bupivacaine and lidocaine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The up-down sequential allocation model has been adapted to investigate a variety of clinical and pharmacological issues in neuraxial anaesthesia including the estimation of relative potency ratios for analgesia and motor block of the most commonly used epidural and intrathecal local anaesthetics. The aim of this study was to establish the median effective doses (ED50) for motor block with intrathecal lidocaine and bupivacaine and to define the relative motor blocking potency ratio.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, randomised, double blind, parallel group, up-down sequential allocation study, we enrolled 71 parturients undergoing elective caesarean section under combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia. The women received either intrathecal lidocaine 2% w/v or bupivacaine 0.5% w/v. The initial dose was 4 mg for bupivacaine and 12 mg for lidocaine. Subsequent doses were determined by the outcome in the previous parturient, according to the up-down sequential allocation technique. The end point was the occurrence of any motor block in either lower limb within 5 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intrathecal ED50 for motor block was 13.7 mg for lidocaine (95% CI, 13.1 to 14.4) and 3.4 mg for bupivacaine (95% CI, 2.6 to 4.1) (P<0.0001) and the relative motor blocking potency ratio was 4.1 (95% CI 3.3 to 5.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intrathecal bupivacaine was 4.1 times more potent than lidocaine for motor block.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Città di Roma Hospital, Roma, Italy. michela_camorcia@yahoo.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camorcia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Capogna
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Columb
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012107:Research Design; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine