title: Upregulation of Runx2 and Osterix during in vitro chondrogenesis of human adipose-derived stromal cells.
abstract: The aim of this study was to create a gene expression profile to better define the phenotype of human adipose-derived stromal cells (HADSCs) during in vitro chondrogenesis, osteogenesis and adipogenesis. A novel aspect of this work was the analysis of the same subset of genes during HADSC differentiation into all three lineages. Chondrogenic induction resulted in increased mRNA expression of Sox transcription factors, COL2A1,COL10A1, Runx2, and Osterix. This is the first report demonstrating significant upregulation in expression of osteogenesis-related transcription factors Runx2 and Osterix by TGF-beta3 induction of HADSCs during in vitro chondrogenesis. These findings suggest that the commonly-used chondrogenic induction reagents promote differentiation suggestive of hypertrophic chondrocytes and osteoblasts. We conclude that alternative strategies are required to induce efficient articular chondrocyte differentiation in order for HADSCs to be of clinical use in cartilage tissue engineering.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rosová
authors.forename: Jan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nolta
authors.forename: Terence M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Myckatyn
authors.forename: Linda J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sandell
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McAlinden
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000235:genetics; D024121:Collagen Type X / Q000235:genetics; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D055755:SOXD Transcription Factors; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; C499177:COL2A1 protein, human; D024043:Collagen Type II; D024121:Collagen Type X; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; C509246:IHH protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C493709:RUNX2 protein, human; C490301:SOX5 protein, human; C486270:SOX6 protein, human; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; D055755:SOXD Transcription Factors; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; C478163:SP7 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase