title: Depletion of thymus-derived CD4+CD25+ T cells abrogates the suppressive effects of alpha-galactosylceramide treatment on experimental allergic conjunctivitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We showed previously that alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) treatment elevated splenic CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T-cell numbers and suppressed the development of experimental allergic conjunctivitis (EC). Here, we investigated whether CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells mediate the suppressive effects of alpha-GalCer treatment on EC.
  
  
  METHODS
  To deplete CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells, neonatal mice were thymectomized and intraperitoneally injected with anti-CD25 Ab. At 6 weeks of age, these mice were immunized with ragweed (RW) in aluminum hydroxide. Ten days later, the mice were challenged with RW in eye drops and 24 hours later, the conjunctivas and spleens were harvested for histological and flow cytometric analyses, respectively. alpha-GalCer or vehicle was injected 2 hours prior to RW challenge. In addition, alpha-GalCer was injected into thymus-intact EC-developing mice that had not been treated with anti-CD25 Ab.
  
  
  RESULTS
  alpha-GalCer treatment significantly suppressed EC in the thymus-intact mice that had not been treated with anti-CD25 Ab. In contrast, alpha-GalCer treatment of thymectomized and anti-CD25 Ab-treated mice did not affect the severity of EC or splenic CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T-cell numbers. However, alpha-GalCer treatment did significantly increase splenic CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T-cell numbers in thymectomized mice that had not received anti-CD25 Ab.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  alpha-GalCer treatment during the effector phase of EC increased CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T-cell numbers, which in turn suppressed the development of EC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Kochi Medical School, Kochi, Japan. fukusima@kochi-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Atsuki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sumi
authors.forename: Waka
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ojima
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kajisako
authors.forename: Hisayuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Taguchi
mesh_terms: D031164:Ambrosia / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005699:Galactosylceramides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D013934:Thymectomy
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D005699:Galactosylceramides; C493154:alpha-galactosylceramide