title: The Mer receptor tyrosine kinase is required for the loss of B cell tolerance in the chronic graft-versus-host disease model of systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: The Mer receptor tyrosine kinase mediates apoptotic cell phagocytosis and modulates macrophage cytokine production. Mer(-/-) mice have defective clearance of apoptotic debris and develop a systemic lupus erythematosus-like autoimmune syndrome. It was surprising then that B6-Mer(-/-) recipients of bm12 spleen cells failed to develop anti-dsDNA and anti-chromatin autoantibodies, whereas B6 hosts produced the expected autoimmune chronic graft-vs-host (cGVH) reaction. The lack of autoantibody formation in cGVH was not due to the failure of Mer-deficient hosts to provoke alloreactivity, because Mer(-/-) spleen cells were recognized by bm12 T cells in MLR. Cell transfer experiments in Rag-knockout mice indicated that the lack of autoantibody production in Mer(-/-) cGVH disease hosts was due to an intrinsic B cell defect. This defect did not cause a global inability to produce autoantibodies, because in vivo exposure to LPS stimulated production of autoantibodies in both B6 and Mer(-/-) mice. We further observed that wild-type B6 B cells up-regulated Mer upon activation in cGVH, and that B cells from mice lacking Mer showed a decreased up-regulation of activation-associated cell surface markers. These findings indicate that Mer serves an important role in the activation of self-reactive B cells in systemic autoimmunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Wen-Hai
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.forename: Philip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015551:Autoimmunity; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017634:Self Tolerance; D000076202:c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C490767:Mertk protein, mouse; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000076202:c-Mer Tyrosine Kinase