title: Video fluoroscopy for evaluating adenoid hypertrophy in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adenoid hypertrophy is a common cause of upper airway obstruction in children. Traditionally, adenoid size has been evaluated using a conventional lateral skull film. Flexible endoscopy is now the gold standard for the evaluation of the upper airway. Children need to be cooperative in order to complete a videonasopharyngoscopy examination, which is not always possible.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this paper is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of lateral video fluoroscopy for assessing adenoid size compared to conventional lateral skull films with videonasopharyngoscopy as the gold standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty pediatric patients with adenoid hypertrophy demonstrated by videonasopharyngoscopy, and 20 control patients without adenoid hypertrophy were assessed with video fluoroscopy and lateral skull radiograph. Two independent examiners evaluated all studies. Specificity, sensitivity, and predictive values were obtained for findings on video fluoroscopy and lateral skull film.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Video fluoroscopy showed 100% sensitivity, and 90% specificity for the diagnosis of adenoid hypertrophy. Lateral skull films showed 70% sensitivity, and 55% specificity. A Spearman correlation coefficient demonstrated a significant correlation (P<0.05) between findings on video fluoroscopy and videonasopharyngoscopy. In contrast, there was a no significant correlation (P>0.05) between lateral skull films and videonasopharyngoscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Video fluoroscopy appears to be a safe and reliable procedure for assessing adenoid hypertrophy in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Gea Gonzalez, 4800 Calzada de Tlalpan, 14000 Mexico City, Mexico. amysunza@terra.com.mx
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ysunza
authors.forename: M Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pamplona
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prado
mesh_terms: D000234:Adenoids / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014741:Video Recording