title: Targeting N-cadherin enhances antitumor activity of cytotoxic therapies in melanoma treatment.
abstract: Malignant transformation in melanoma is characterized by a phenotype "switch" from E- to N-cadherin, which is associated with increased motility and invasiveness of the tumor and altered signaling, leading to decreased apoptosis. We hypothesized that the novel pentapeptide (ADH-1), which disrupts N-cadherin adhesion, could sensitize melanoma tumors to the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy. N-cadherin-expressing human melanoma-derived cell lines were used to generate xenografts in animal models to study isolated limb infusion with melphalan and systemic chemotherapy with temozolomide. We report here that melphalan in combination with ADH-1 significantly reduced tumor growth up to 30-fold over melphalan alone. ADH-1 enhancement of response to melphalan was associated with increased formation of DNA adducts, increased apoptosis, and intracellular signaling changes associated with focal adhesions and fibroblast growth factor receptors. Targeted therapy using an N-cadherin antagonist can dramatically augment the antitumor effects of chemotherapy and is a novel approach to optimizing treatment for melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Christi.augustine@duke.edu
authors.forename: Christina K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Augustine
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Mukur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Zipfel
authors.forename: M Angelica
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Selim
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Febbo
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pendergast
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Douglas S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Tyler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015820:Cadherins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000737:chemistry; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008558:Melphalan / Q000494:pharmacology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010641:Phenotype; D051381:Rats; D011923:Rats, Nude; D000077204:Temozolomide
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D015820:Cadherins; D018736:DNA Adducts; D003606:Dacarbazine; D008558:Melphalan; D000077204:Temozolomide