title: Risk factors for dissatisfaction with the indoor environment in open-plan offices: an analysis of COPE field study data.
abstract: We applied binary logistic regression techniques to data collected from 779 participants in a field study of open-plan ('cubicle') offices conducted in nine buildings. Independent variables were physical conditions in the workplace, and dependent variables were derived from occupant satisfaction measures; personal characteristics were included as covariates. There was a significantly higher risk of dissatisfaction with privacy and acoustics (defined as being below the 20th percentile as opposed to being above the 80th percentile) associated with being in a small workstation, or being seated next to a window. A higher risk of dissatisfaction with ventilation was associated with being seated next to a window, temperatures substantially higher than the average neutral temperature, and a carbon dioxide concentration greater than 650 ppm. A higher risk of dissatisfaction with lighting was associated with panel heights greater than 66 inches (1.7 m), high reflected glare on computer screens, desktop illuminances outside 300-500 lux, desktop illuminance uniformity (min/max ratio) less than 0.5, and being in a workstation distant from a window.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have demonstrated statistically significant relationships between indoor environment conditions in office spaces and environmental dissatisfaction risk. Although generally supported by prior research, not all of these risk factors are reflected in existing recommended practice documents for office design. Consideration of these findings in future revisions of such documents may be warranted.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Construction, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. guy.newsham@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Newsham
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Veitch
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Charles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007374:Interior Design and Furnishings; D008029:Lighting; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D018907:Privacy; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014691:Ventilation