title: Effects of PACAP on survival and renal morphology in rats subjected to renal ischemia/reperfusion.
abstract: Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) occurs and exerts a variety of biological functions in the nervous system and in the peripheral organs, including the urinary system. PACAP has protective effects against myeloma kidney injury and renal ischemia. Ischemia/reperfusion injury of the kidney is a major clinical problem, and based on the protective effects of PACAP in cerebral and cardiomyocyte ischemia, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a single intravenous PACAP injection on the survival and renal morphology after varying times of ischemia. Rats were subjected to renal artery clamping for 15, 30, 45, 60, or 75 min followed by reperfusion. PACAP (100 microg) was administered intravenously before arterial clamping. We found that a 15- or 30-min renal ischemia led to no renal dysfunction, and the kidneys showed normal appearance with no difference between PACAP- and saline-treated groups. Control rats with 45 min of ischemia had increased premature death rate and showed multifocal acute tubular atrophy, while a 60-min ischemia led to death of all control animals within a few days displaying severe, multifocal Grade II tubular atrophy. In contrast, all PACAP-treated animals survived with subtle morphological changes after the 45-min ischemia. After the 60-min ischemia, death rate was significantly lower in PACAP-treated rats compared to controls, and animals showed subtle focal tubular alteration. A 75-min ischemia was not performable in controls because of deaths before the termination of ischemia. PACAP-treated rats survived longer, but they also died after 5-10 days exhibiting severe focal tubular atrophy. In summary, our results clearly show that PACAP is able to prolong the renal ischemic time, decrease mortality, and attenuate tubular degeneration after renal ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Szakaly
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lubics
authors.forename: Tamas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Magyarlaki
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamas
authors.forename: Boglarka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Racz
authors.forename: Istvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lengvari
authors.forename: Gabor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.forename: Dora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reglodi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D007511:Ischemia; D007668:Kidney / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015424:Reperfusion
chemical_list: D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide