title: Costimulatory effects of IL-1 on the expansion/differentiation of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ and CD4+CD25+Foxp3- T cells.
abstract: CD4+CD25+forkhead box p3 (Foxp3)+ regulatory T cells (Treg) control peripheral tolerance. Although Treg are anergic when stimulated through the TCR, mature bone marrow-derived, but not splenic, dendritic cells (DC) can induce their proliferation after TCR stimulation in the absence of IL-2. One possibility is that the DC produce proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 or IL-6 that function as growth factors for Treg. We have analyzed the costimulatory effects of IL-1 on the expansion of Foxp3+ Treg in vitro. When CD4+CD25+ T cells were cultured in the presence of splenic DC and IL-1, marked expansion of the Foxp3+ T cells was observed. The effects of IL-1 were mediated on CD4+CD25+Foxp3(-) T cells present in the starting population rather than on the DC or on the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells. In contrast, stimulation of CD4+CD25+ T cells with plate-bound anti-CD3 and IL-1 in the absence of DC resulted in the outgrowth of a CD4+CD25+Foxp3(-) T cell population composed of NKT cells and non-NKT, IL-17-producing cells. Foxp3+ Treg purified from mice expressing the reporter gene enhanced GFP in the Foxp3 locus failed to proliferate when costimulated with IL-1. These findings have important implications for the design of protocols for the expansion of CD4+CD25+ T cells for cellular biotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brinster
authors.forename: Ethan M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Shevach
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015626:Tissue Expansion
chemical_list: D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D007375:Interleukin-1; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit