title: Antioxidant activity of Antrodia camphorata on free radical-induced endothelial cell damage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) is well known in Taiwan as a traditional Chinese medicine. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Antrodia camphorata on free radical-induced endothelial cell damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (EC) culture system was used to evaluate the effects of the fermented culture broth of A. camphorata (FCBA) and aqueous extracts of mycelia from A. camphorata (AEMA) against the oxidative cell damage induced by the free-radical generator AAPH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The present investigations show that FCBA (25-100 microg/mL) and AEMA (50-200 microg/mL) effectively protect the ECs from damage after exposure to 15 mM AAPH for 16h. However, cell viability was not affected in ECs under controlled conditions after FCBA or AEMA treatment. An increase in EC prostacyclin (PGI(2)) production in response to AAPH exposure was positively and negatively correlated with cell damage and FCBA/AEMA concentration, respectively. Both FCBA and AEMA treatment significantly inhibited AAPH-apoptotic cell death in the ECs, as evidence by reduced DNA fragmentation, cytochrome c release, caspase-3 activation, and dysregulation of Bcl-2 and Bax. Moreover, the AAPH-induced reductions in EC SOD activity and protein levels are prevented by FCBA and AEMA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that A. camphorata possesses antioxidant properties and improves endothelial function, further offering effective protection from atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. ychseu@mail.cmu.edu.tw
authors.forename: You-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hseu
authors.forename: Ssu-Ching
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yi-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yech
authors.forename: Lai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hsin-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000578:Amidines; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055491:Antrodia / Q000737:chemistry*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003470:Culture Media; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013624:Taiwan; D014471:Umbilical Veins
chemical_list: D000578:Amidines; D000975:Antioxidants; D002457:Cell Extracts; D003470:Culture Media; D005609:Free Radicals; C046728:2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane); D011464:Epoprostenol