title: Relations of parenting and temperament to Chinese children's experience of negative life events, coping efficacy, and externalizing problems.
abstract: The relations of parenting and temperament (effortful control and anger/frustration) to children's externalizing problems were examined in a 3.8-year longitudinal study of 425 native Chinese children (6-9 years) from Beijing. Children's experience of negative life events and coping efficacy were examined as mediators in the parenting- and temperament-externalizing relations. Parents reported on their own parenting. Parents and teachers rated temperament. Children reported on negative life events and coping efficacy. Parents, teachers, children, or peers rated children's externalizing problems. Authoritative and authoritarian parenting and anger/frustration uniquely predicted externalizing problems. The relation between authoritarian parenting and externalizing was mediated by children's coping efficacy and negative school events. The results suggest there is some cross-cultural universality in the developmental pathways for externalizing problems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, 3210 Tolman Hall #1650, Berkeley, CA 94720-1650, USA. qingzhou@berkeley.edu
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xianli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.forename: Sharlene A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wolchik
authors.forename: Jenn-Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Tein
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D001318:Authoritarianism; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008016:Life Change Events; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010287:Parent-Child Relations / Q000208:ethnology; D016487:Parenting / Q000208:ethnology*; D002666:Psychology, Child; D011678:Punishment / Q000523:psychology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D020377:Self Efficacy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013694:Temperament