title: Alcohol expectancies and context-specific drinking behaviors among female college athletes.
abstract: Alcohol expectancies have been associated with drinking behaviors among college students. Few studies, however, have focused on researcher-labeled "positive" and "negative" expectancies as well as the valuations (i.e., desirability) of these expectancies. Moreover, research on the correlates of heavy drinking among female college athletes remain relatively sparse, despite the prevalence of elevated alcohol use in this population. We examined the associations of expectancies and valuations with frequency of heavy drinking and context-specific drinking behaviors. The sample consisted of 145 female college athletes (mean age=19.6; range=17 to 22) who completed self-report surveys and indicated alcohol use in the past 30 days. Regression analyses indicated that favorable valuations of negative expectancies were related to heavy drinking, and that valuations accounted for significant proportions of variance in the model. Elevated endorsement of negative expectancies was also associated with the perceived likelihood of heavy use in convivial and personal-social drinking contexts, and favorable valuations of these expectancies accounted for significant variance in these models. These findings highlight the relevance of negative expectancies and valuations with respect to heavy drinking and context-specific drinking behaviors among female college athletes. The perception of "negative" effects of alcohol as "positive" could help explain the high rates of problematic drinking among female athletes. Future research considerations and potential implications for assessment and prevention efforts are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Clark Science Center, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA. bzamboan@smith.edu
authors.forename: Byron L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Zamboanga
authors.forename: Lindsay S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation; D009511:New England / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012919:Social Behavior; D012932:Social Facilitation; D013177:Sports / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014495:Universities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data