title: A novel method for distinguishing between dsDNA and ssRNA virus infections.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To commence proper antiviral treatment, timely knowledge of whether the infection is caused by DNA or RNA virus would be beneficial for the clinician.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to develop a method for distinguishing between DNA and RNA virus infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study, total and differential count of leukocytes, serum C-reactive protein level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and quantitative flow cytometric analysis of FcgammaRI (CD64) on neutrophils and monocytes were obtained from 289 hospitalized febrile patients. After microbiological confirmation, 89 patients (31%) were found to have either bacterial (n=46) or viral (n=43) infection. The patient data was compared to 60 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the first time ever, it was noticed that in dsDNA virus infections (n=21) the average amount of CD64 on neutrophils was over five-fold compared to ssRNA virus infections (n=22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DNA virus score (DNAVS) point, which incorporates quantitative analysis of CD64 on neutrophils and total and differential count of leukocytes, varied between 0 and 8, and displayed 95% sensitivity and 100% specificity in distinguishing between dsDNA and ssRNA virus infections [average (S.D.); DNAVS points: 5.4 (2.5) vs. 0.3 (0.4); p<0.001].
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, and Department of Medicine, Turku University Central Hospital, Turku, Finland. jarnuu@utu.fi
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nuutila
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hohenthal
authors.forename: Iina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Laitinen
authors.forename: Pirkko
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kotilainen
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajamäki
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nikoskelainen
authors.forename: Esa-Matti
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lilius
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D012327:RNA Virus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000097:blood*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017452:Receptors, IgG