Prevention of immunodeficiency virus induced CD4+ T-cell depletion by prior infection with a non-pathogenic virus.
Immune dysregulation initiated by a profound loss of CD4+ T-cells is fundamental to HIV-induced pathogenesis. Infection of domestic cats with a non-pathogenic lentivirus prevalent in the puma (puma lentivirus, PLV or FIV(pco)) prevented peripheral blood CD4+ T-cell depletion caused by subsequent virulent FIV infection. Maintenance of this critical population was not associated with a significant decrease in FIV viremia, lending support to the hypothesis that direct viral cytopathic effect is not the primary cause of immunodeficiency. Although this approach was analogous to immunization with a modified live vaccine, correlates of immunity such as a serum-neutralizing antibody or virus-specific T-cell proliferative response were not found in protected animals. Differences in cytokine transcription profile, most notably in interferon gamma, were observed between the protected and unprotected groups. These data provide support for the importance of non-adaptive enhancement of the immune response in the prevention of CD4+ T-cell loss.
Terwee
Julie A
JA
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Carlson
Jennifer K
JK
Sprague
Wendy S
WS
Sondgeroth
Kerry S
KS
Shropshire
Sarah B
SB
Troyer
Jennifer L
JL
VandeWoude
Sue
S
D000818:Animals; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002415:Cats; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D008231:Lymphopenia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D011533:Proviruses / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D014774:Virulence
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007371:Interferon-gamma