title: TGF-beta1 enhances cardiomyogenic differentiation of skeletal muscle-derived adult primitive cells.
abstract: The optimal medium for cardiac differentiation of adult primitive cells remains to be established. We quantitatively compared the efficacy of IGF-1, dynorphin B, insulin, oxytocin, bFGF, and TGF-beta1 in inducing cardiomyogenic differentiation. Adult mouse skeletal muscle-derived Sca1+/CD45-/c-kit-/Thy-1+ (SM+) and Sca1-/CD45-/c-kit-/Thy-1+ (SM-) cells were cultured in basic medium (BM; DMEM, FBS, IGF-1, dynorphin B) alone and BM supplemented with insulin, oxytocin, bFGF, or TGF-beta1. Cardiac differentiation was evaluated by the expression of cardiac-specific markers at the mRNA (qRT-PCR) and protein (immunocytochemistry) levels. BM+TGF-beta1 upregulated mRNA expression of Nkx2.5 and GATA-4 after 4 days and Myl2 after 9 days. After 30 days, BM+TGF-beta1 induced the greatest extent of cardiac differentiation (by morphology and expression of cardiac markers) in SM- cells. We conclude that TGF-beta1 enhances cardiomyogenic differentiation in skeletal muscle-derived adult primitive cells. This strategy may be utilized to induce cardiac differentiation as well as to examine the cardiomyogenic potential of adult tissue-derived stem/progenitor cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Louisville, 550 S. Jackson St., ACB, 3rd floor, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdel-Latif
authors.forename: Ewa K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Zuba-Surma
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Case
authors.forename: Sumit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ranjan
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Edward F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Srour
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bolli
authors.forename: Buddhadeb
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawn
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D000072576:Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D016207:Cytokines; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; D000072576:Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C484469:Nkx2-5 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C519276:myosin heavy chain-1, mouse; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains