title: Identification of phosphotyrosyl proteins in vitreous humours of patients with vitreoretinal diseases by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis/Western blotting/matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is important to explain target proteins for the understanding of the pathogenesis of vitreoretinal diseases. In a previous study, we identified more than 100 proteins including seven angiogenic-modulated factors in vitreous humours (VHs). Although there have been many reports of expressed protein profiles in VHs, only a few of these are modified proteins, such as those undergoing phosphorylation and oxidation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We applied Western blotting (WB), selective staining of phosphoproteins and mass spectrometry to detect and identify phosphoproteins in VHs of patients with vitreoretinal diseases. After the removal of albumin and immunoglobulins A/G in VHs, the proteins were separated by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reacted with anti-PY-20 monoclonal antibody on transfer membranes, and treated proteins were visualized with Phos-tag and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  WB analysis detected four positive bands, 20, 30, 35 and 55 kDa, in VHs of patients with vitreoretinal diseases. One of them, 55 kDa, was frequently detected in VHs of patients with macular hole (MH) and retinal detachment (RD), but the band was not found in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). alpha-1 antitrypsin (alpha-1 AT) was identified in excised gel pieces of this band.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified five phosphorylated proteins such as alpha-1 AT in VHs of patients with vitreoretinal diseases by MALDI-TOFMS and WB analysis. Phosphotyrosyl alpha-1 AT was neither detected in PDR patients nor in any plasma. Phosphotyrosyl alpha-1 AT may be a new biomarker of MH and RD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-cho, Takatsuki-city, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Toyofumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takubo
authors.forename: Tsunehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000378:metabolism; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000032:analysis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000378:metabolism; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000378:metabolism; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000378:metabolism; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010750:Phosphoproteins; D019000:Phosphotyrosine