title: Epidermal growth factor inhibits Campylobacter jejuni-induced claudin-4 disruption, loss of epithelial barrier function, and Escherichia coli translocation.
abstract: Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of acute bacterial enteritis in humans. Poultry serves as a major reservoir of C. jejuni and is thought to act as a principal vehicle of transmission to humans. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a small amino acid peptide that exerts a broad range of activities on the intestinal epithelium. The aims of this study were to determine the effect of EGF on C. jejuni intestinal colonization in newly hatched chicks and to characterize its effects on C. jejuni-induced intestinal epithelial barrier disruption. White Leghorn chicks were treated with EGF daily, starting 1 day prior to C. jejuni infection, and were compared to control and C. jejuni-infected, EGF-treated chicks. Infected chicks shed C. jejuni in their feces throughout the study period. C. jejuni colonized the small intestine and cecum, disseminated to extraintestinal organs, and caused jejunal villus atrophy. EGF reduced jejunal colonization and dissemination of C. jejuni to the liver and spleen. In EGF-treated C. jejuni-infected chicks, villus height was not significantly different from that in untreated C. jejuni-infected chicks or controls. In vitro, C. jejuni attached to and invaded intestinal epithelial cells, disrupted tight junctional claudin-4, and increased transepithelial permeability. C. jejuni also promoted the translocation of noninvasive Escherichia coli C25. These C. jejuni-induced epithelial abnormalities were abolished by pretreatment with EGF, and the effect was dependent upon activation of the EGF receptor. These findings highlight EGF's ability to alter colonization of C. jejuni in the intestinal tract and to protect against pathogen-induced barrier defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Inflammation Research Network, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr. N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lamb-Rosteski
authors.forename: Lisa D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kalischuk
authors.forename: G Douglas
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Inglis
authors.forename: Andre G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Buret
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000276:immunology*; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D062506:Claudin-4; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004285:Dogs; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000382:microbiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010539:Permeability; D013393:Sucrase / Q000378:metabolism; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C568157:CLDN4 protein, human; D062506:Claudin-4; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D013393:Sucrase