title: Cartilage 'shoe': a new technique for stabilisation of titanium total ossicular replacement prosthesis at centre of stapes footplate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  After tympanoplasty using a total ossicular replacement prosthesis, many unsatisfactory hearing results are due to dislocation of the prosthesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a cartilage guide for stabilising the total ossicular replacement prosthesis in the oval window niche. An oval-shaped piece of cartilage measuring 2.5 x 3.5 mm with a central hole was precisely punched out of a thin cartilage plate. The cartilage was placed in the oval niche, and its hole centred the prosthesis on the stapes footplate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hearing results in 52 patients confirmed acoustically the effectiveness of this method of total ossicular replacement prosthesis stabilisation on the stapes footplate. Subsequent 'second-look' surgery revealed stable ingrowth of the cartilage 'shoe' into the oval niche.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Such a cartilage shoe might address one of the causes of unsatisfactory hearing following ossicular chain reconstruction with a total ossicular replacement prosthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beutner
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Luers
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Huttenbrink
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004425:Ear Cartilage / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009998:Ossicular Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D019933:Ossicular Replacement / Q000379:methods*; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000592:standards; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D013199:Stapes / Q000502:physiology; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014433:Tympanoplasty / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium