title: [Risk factors and coronary angiographic findings in young and elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction: a comparative analysis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and summarize the features of coronary angiographic (CAG) findings in young and elderly patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted involving 53 young (below 40 years) and 438 elderly (60 years and over) patients with clinical diagnosis of AMI. The differences in the risk factors, clinical characteristics and CAG findings were analyzed between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the elderly patients, the risk factors of smoking and positive family history was more frequently found among the young patients, but the rates of hypertension and diabetes were lower. The levels of triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) were significantly higher, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) lower in the young patients than in the elderly patients. Angiography identified higher incidence of one-vessel disease in the young patients (73.33% vs 25.09%), but the incidence of double-vessel and multi-vessel diseases was more frequent in the elderly patients (11.11% vs 27.49%, and 8.89% vs 47.01%), most commonly compromising the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in both groups. Modified Gensini score of coronary angiography was lower in the young patients (7.69-/+5.23 vs 16.08-/+7.81). Correlation analysis showed that LDL-C (r=0.289, P=0.046) was positively correlated, while HDL-C (r=-0.589, P=0.01), ApoA-I(r=-0.395, P=0.023) were inversely correlated to the angiographic score. Multiple regression analysis showed a significant inverse linear correlation between HDL-C level and coronary artery stenosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoking, metabolic disorders and positive family history are the major risk factors for AMI among individuals below the age of forty, who often have milder coronary artery stenosis than elderly patients. HDL-C variation is significantly correlated to the degree of coronary artery stenosis in young patients with AMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University College of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, China. db520@126.com
authors.forename: Wei-ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zu-yi
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yan-ni
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dong-qi
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides