title: Transcriptional regulation of ASK/Dbf4 in cutaneous melanoma is dependent on E2F1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Melanoma is a complex genetic disease, the management of which will require an in-depth understanding of the biology underlying its initiation and progression. Recently, we have reported the differential regulation of a novel gene, namely ASK/Dbf4, in melanoma and suggested upregulation of ASK/Dbf4 as a novel molecular determinant with prognostic relevance that confers a proliferative advantage in cutaneous melanoma. As trans-acting factor binding is fundamental to understand the regulation of gene expression, this study focuses on characterization of the specific transcriptional regulation of ASK/Dbf4 in melanoma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether ASK/Dbf4 is a transcriptional target of the important cell cycle regulator E2F1 in melanoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As evidenced by gel supershift assays on nuclear extracts from various melanoma cell lines (SK-MEL-28, MV3, M13, A375 and BLM), E2F1 bound to the ASK/Dbf4 minimal promoter (MP). In addition, cisplatin-mediated abrogation of E2F1 binding to the ASK/Dbf4 MP resulted in a transcriptional decrease in ASK/Dbf4. Further, the current study also demonstrated that ASK/Dbf4 regulation was refractory to UVB, a well-known risk factor for melanoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, our study not only elucidated that ASK/Dbf4, a novel cell survival gene in melanoma was transcriptionally regulated by E2F1, but also that the induction of ASK/Dbf4 was refractory to UVB exposure suggesting that its upregulation was not an early event in melanomagenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nambiar
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mirmohammadsadegh
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Johannes H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hegemann
authors.forename: Ulrich R
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Hengge
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C485678:DBF4 protein, human; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; C493753:E2F1 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D002945:Cisplatin