title: Effects of residual oil fly ash (ROFA) in mice with chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation.
abstract: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with increased asthma morbidity. Residual oil flash ash (ROFA) is rich in water-soluble transition metals, which are involved in the pathological effects of PM. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of intranasal administration of ROFA on pulmonary inflammation, pulmonary responsiveness, and excess mucus production in a mouse model of chronic pulmonary allergic inflammation. BALB/c mice received intraperitoneal injections of ovalbumin (OVA) solution (days 1 and 14). OVA challenges were performed on days 22, 24, 26, and 28. After the challenge, mice were intranasally instilled with ROFA. After forty-eight hours, pulmonary responsiveness was performed. Mice were sacrificed, and lungs were removed for morphometric analysis. OVA-exposed mice presented eosinophilia in the bronchovascular space (p < .001), increased pulmonary responsiveness (p < .001), and epithelial remodeling (p = .003). ROFA instillation increased pulmonary responsiveness (p = .004) and decreased the area of ciliated cells in the airway epithelium (p = .006). The combined ROFA instillation and OVA exposure induced a further increase in values of pulmonary responsiveness (p = .043) and a decrease in the number of ciliated cells in the airway epithelium (p = .017). PM exposure results in pulmonary effects that are more intense in mice with chronic allergic pulmonary inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernanda M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Arantes-Costa
authors.forename: Fernanda D T Q S
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Alessandra C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Toledo
authors.forename: Pedro A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Magliarelli-Filho
authors.forename: Henrique T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Moriya
authors.forename: Regiane
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carvalho-Oliveira
authors.forename: Thais
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mauad
authors.forename: Paulo H N
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Saldiva
authors.forename: Milton A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002244:Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D060729:Coal Ash; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000633:toxicity*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D060729:Coal Ash; D052638:Particulate Matter; D002244:Carbon; D010047:Ovalbumin