title: Chemopreventative effect of hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41) on chemically induced biliary carcinogenesis in hamsters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bilioenterostomy is a common surgical technique that is widely used. Recently, clinical studies have revealed that biliary carcinomas can occur after bilioenterostomy. The present study was designed to evaluate whether hochu-ekki-to (TJ-41), a Japanese herbal drug, could prevent chemically induced biliary carcinomas in bilioenterostomized hamsters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Syrian golden hamsters were subjected to choledochojejunostomy and then received subcutaneous injections of N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl) amine every 2 weeks at a dose of 10 mg/kg. N-nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl) amine administration was started 4 weeks after surgery. The animals were simultaneously p.o. administered TJ-41 in water every day at a dose of 1000 mg/kg (TJ-41 group). The control hamsters were administered water alone. The hamsters were sacrificed 22 weeks after surgery, and the development of biliary carcinomas, the presence and degree of cholangitis, and the cell kinetic status of the biliary epithelium were evaluated histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intrahepatic bile duct carcinomas developed in 15/17 (88%) hamsters in the control group and in only 8/17 (47%) hamsters in the TJ-41 group (P < 0.05). The degree of cholangitis was not different between the two groups. However, the proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling index of the biliary epithelium in the TJ-41 group (6.46%) was significantly lower than the controls (9.67%) (P < 0.05). These findings indicated that TJ-41 reduced accelerated biliary epithelial cell kinetics after bilioenterostomy, resulting in the prevention of carcinogenesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TJ-41 has a preventive effect on chemically induced carcinoma of the biliary tract after bilioenterostomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. noritugu@xd5.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Noritsugu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuneoka
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Amane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitasato
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: Tamotsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroki
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Onizuka
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002768:Choledochostomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009602:Nitrosamines; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D009602:Nitrosamines; C402943:bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang; C013622:nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine