title: Fragment reconstruction of coronary arteries using transesophageal echocardiography for coronary diagnostics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ultrasound differs procedurally from the established methods for non-invasive coronary visualization and is therefore an interesting alternative for non-invasive diagnostics. In this study, fragment reconstruction of coronary arteries by transesophageal echocardiography (FRC-TEE) was investigated for the first time in a patient population being evaluated for coronary angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ultrasonic and angiographic findings were compared visually and using quantitative measurements in 50 patients. One hundred and seventy-one vessels were examined by FRC-TEE. The total lengths visualized were 9.6 +/- 1.7 cm for the right coronary artery, 7.0 +/- 1.1 cm for left circumflex, 3.9 +/- 1.2 cm for left anterior descending (LAD), and 1.5 +/- 0.8 cm for the left main coronary artery. There was high concordance between results of both procedures. Sixty-three stenoses were detected using FRC-TEE. The mean difference in degree of stenosis between techniques was 0.2 +/- 5.1%. Stents could be visualized in 19 segments. FRC-TEE detected distal stenoses of the coronary arteries to only a limited extent: 14 stenoses and 2 stents, predominantly in the LAD artery (n = 13), were not identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FRC-TEE is a potential method for diagnosing coronary artery disease. FRC-TEE and angiography yield comparable findings during the evaluation of coronary lesions. Further investigations are needed to verify the encouraging findings and define FRC-TEE's applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 27, 55101 Mainz, Germany. wild@2-med.klinik.uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: Philipp S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Funke
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Geisler
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abushi
authors.forename: Rainer J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Zotz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity