title: Short-term androgen priming by use of aromatase inhibitor and hCG before controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF. A randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Temporary exposure of follicles to increased levels of androgens may augment follicular responsiveness. The present study tested whether short-term androgen priming by aromatase inhibitor and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) before controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) increases the number of top-quality embryos after IVF/ICSI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized to androgen priming (n = 53): anastrozole 1 mg cycle day (c.d.) 2, 3 and 4, hCG 1250 IU and cetrorelix 3 mg on c.d. 2, rFSH 150 IU from c.d. 5 following a flexible antagonist protocol; or control (n = 50): flexible antagonist protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (confidence interval) number of top-quality embryos was 1.08 (0.83,1.40) and 1.43 (1.12,1.81) in the priming and control group, respectively, being 32% (-7%, 89%) higher in the control compared to priming group (P = 0.120). Stimulation duration was longer in the priming group (P < 0.001). On the day of hCG administration, the proportion of c.d. 2 antral follicles reaching >or=14 mm was higher in the priming group (P = 0.014), as were serum estradiol (E(2)) (P < 0.001) and E(2) per follicle >or=14 mm (P = 0.005). Pre-ovulatory follicular fluid levels of E(2) (P = 0.007) and testosterone (P = 0.014) were higher in the priming group. The number of oocytes retrieved was similar. The fertilization rate was lower in the priming group (P = 0.007). Ongoing pregnancy rates in priming and control group were 30 and 36% (P = 0.531).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of aromatase inhibitor and hCG before COS for IVF/ICSI failed to improve the number of top-quality embryos.
authors.affiliation: The Fertility Clinic, Section 4071, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. kristine.loessl@rh.dk
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lossl
authors.forename: C Yding
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loft
authors.forename: N L C
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Freiesleben
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bangsbøll
authors.forename: A Nyboe
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000077384:Anastrozole; D000728:Androgens / Q000502:physiology*; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D043373:Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D043373:Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Human; D009570:Nitriles; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014230:Triazoles; D000077384:Anastrozole; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; C062876:cetrorelix