title: Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone similarly improve insulin sensitivity and secretion, glucose tolerance and adipocytokines in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effects of rosiglitazone treatment on profiles of adipocytokines levels, postprandial insulin and glucose excursion, lipids levels, comparing with those of pioglitazone treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in body weight, haemoglobin A(1c )(HbA(1c)), glucose/insulin/C-peptide/free fatty acid (FFA) during 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HDL-/LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and adipocytokines [tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, leptin and adiponectin] were measured in T2DM patients treated with rosiglitazone, 8 mg/day (n = 35), or pioglitazone, 45 mg/day (n = 21), for 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After rosiglitazone or pioglitazone treatment, HbA(1c )(8.6-7.2 vs. 8.3-6.9%, rosiglitazone vs. pioglitazone), fasting plasma glucose (190-144 vs. 178-140 mg/dl), fasting FFA (729-595 vs. 641-526 microEq/l), mean plasma glucose-OGTT (292-229 vs. 285-233 mg/dl) and mean FFA-OGTT (580-430 vs. 488-377 microEq/l) decreased similarly and all were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The insulinogenic index (DeltaI(0-120)/DeltaG(0-120)) (0.19-0.30 vs. 0.17-0.26) and Matsuda index of insulin sensitivity (2.0-3.1 and 2.7-4.3) increased (p < 0.01) similarly, despite increase in body weight (85-88 vs. 81-84 kg). TNF-alpha (3.8-3.4 vs. 5.2-4.5 pg/ml) decreased (p < 0.05) and adiponectin (6.3-17.8 vs. 7.1-16.4 microg/ml) increased (p < 0.01), while leptin did not change following either treatment. After rosiglitazone treatment, plasma HDL-cholesterol (34-38 mg/dl) and LDL-cholesterol (103-120 mg/dl) increased (p < 0.01), while TGs (177-167 mg/dl) did not change significantly. After pioglitazone treatment, plasma HDL-cholesterol (34-37 mg/dl) increased (p < 0.05), while LDL-cholesterol (104-105 mg/dl) did not change and TGs (153-106 mg/dl) decreased (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone have similar beneficial effects on glycaemic control insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and plasma adipocytokine levels. However, pioglitazone has a more beneficial effect on the plasma lipid profile than rosiglitazone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: DeFronzo
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000187:drug effects; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D000077205:Pioglitazone