title: Synthesis of fluorescent polyisoprene nanoparticles and their uptake into various cells.
abstract: Fluorescent polyisoprene nanoparticles were synthesized by the miniemulsion technique as marker particles for cells. The uptake of the non-functionalized polyisoprene nanoparticles, without any transfection agents, into different adherent (HeLa) and also suspension (Jurkat) cell lines is strikingly efficient and fast compared to other polymeric particles, and leads to high loading of the cells. The intracellular polyisoprene particles are localized as single particles in endosomes distributed throughout the entire cytoplasm. The uptake kinetics shows that particle internalization starts during the first minutes of incubation and is finished after 48 h of incubation. Since (unfunctionalized) polystyrene particles show a comparable, low uptake behavior in cells, the uptake rates can be tuned by the amount of polystyrene in polyisoprene/polystyrene copolymer particles. As polyisoprene nanoparticles are internalized by different cell lines that are relevant for biomedical applications, they can be used to label these cells efficiently if a marker is incorporated in the particles. As polyisoprene is not or is hardly biodegradable the particles should be suited for long-term applications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry III - Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Myriam R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Maria-Verena
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Kohnle
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dass
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Walther
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Höcherl
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ziener
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Landfester
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mailänder
mesh_terms: D002070:Butadienes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011992:Endosomes / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D045782:Hemiterpenes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D007700:Kinetics; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010420:Pentanes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D010420:Pentanes; D011137:Polystyrenes; C005059:isoprene