title: The difficulty of questioning clinical practice: experience of facility-based case reviews in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the implementation of facility-based case reviews (medical audits) in a maternity unit and their effect on the staff involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional descriptive study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 26-bed obstetric unit in a district hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen audit sessions conducted between February 2004 and June 2005. Thirty-five staff members were interviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analysis of all the tools used in the management of the audit was performed: attendance lists, case summary cards and register of recommendations. The perceptions of the staff about the audits were collected through a questionnaire administrated by an external investigator from 10 June 2005 to 16 June 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  Session participation, types of problems identified, recommendations proposed and implemented and staff reaction to the audits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 7 midwives from a total of 15 regularly attended the sessions. Eighty-two percent of the recommendations made during the audits have been implemented, but sometimes after a delay of several months. Interviewed personnel had a good understanding of the audit goals and viewed audit as a factor in changing their practice. However, midwives highlighted problems of bad interpersonal communication and lack of anonymity during the audit sessions, and pointed out the difficulty of practising self-criticism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A lack of staff commitment and the resistance of maternity personnel to being evaluated by their peers or service users are reducing acceptance of routine audits. The World Health Organization must take all these factors into account when promoting the institutionalisation of medical audits in obstetrics.
authors.affiliation: Quality and Human Resources Unit, Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. frichard@itg.be
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ouédraogo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zongo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ouattara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zongo
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gruénais
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Brouwere
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002050:Burkina Faso; D003219:Confidentiality; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006767:Hospitals, District / Q000592:standards*; D006771:Hospitals, Maternity / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008485:Medical Audit / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D008880:Midwifery / Q000592:standards; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000592:standards*; D011247:Pregnancy