title: Shrimp thioredoxin is a potent antioxidant protein.
abstract: Thioredoxin (TRX) is a main component of the redox homeostasis machinery in the cell and it is required for ribonucleotide reductase function among others. In invertebrates, the redox balance is compromised during disease and changes in the physiological state and it is one of the components of the innate immune response. In this work, the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) LvTRX cDNA was sequenced, cloned and over-expressed in bacteria to further characterize the function of the recombinant protein. LvTRX was able to reduce insulin disulfides and it was a better antioxidant compared to reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid, by means of the Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) assay. Interestingly, LvTRX contains aside of the canonical active site CXXC disulfide motif, one Cys (C73) residue in the interface of a putative dimer previously reported for human TRX. Using qRT-PCR, we found that shrimp LvTRX is mainly expressed in gills and pleopods; the variation of LvTRX mRNA upon hypoxia and re-oxygenation is not statistically significant. LvTRX stands as an important antioxidant that must be considered in future physiological and immune challenges studies.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico.
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aispuro-Hernandez
authors.forename: Karina D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Garcia-Orozco
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muhlia-Almazan
authors.forename: Lizette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Del-Toro-Sanchez
authors.forename: Rosario M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Robles-Sanchez
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Aguilar
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yepiz-Plascencia
authors.forename: Rogerio R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Sotelo-Mundo
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004220:Disulfides / Q000378:metabolism; D005880:Gills / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004220:Disulfides; D007328:Insulin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013879:Thioredoxins; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid