title: Cytomorphologic spectrum of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To correlate the cytomorphologic spectrum of giant cell tumor of tendon sheath (GCTTS) with clinical and histologic findings and determine key features helpful in preoperative diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis was done on 48 cases diagnosed cytologically over 9 years. Cases were divided into 2 groups: in group 1 cytology and histology were available (12), and in group 2 cytology alone was available (36). Cytomorphologic features were correlated with clinical and histologic findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients ranged in age from 11 to 60 years, with more women. Small joint involvement was seen in all cases except 1, with upper limb involvement in most cases. Recurrence occurred in 3 cases. Aspiration smears in all cases showed high cellularity, multinucleated osteoclastic type of giant cells and stromal cells. Other features seen less frequently were cytoplasmic granules and vacuoles, nuclear grooves, inclusions, budding, focal mild pleomorphism, hemosiderin-laden macrophages and foam cells. Mitosis and necrosis were absent. Cytologic features were classified as constant when present in all cases and variable when present occasionally.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The constant cytologic features when combined with clinical and radiologic details are sufficiently distinctive of GCTTS. Fine needle aspiration cytology can be used in early, accurate preoperative diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India. vvbatra@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Vineeta Vijay
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.forename: Shyama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Deepak Kumar
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Neeta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005870:Giant Cell Tumors / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D013710:Tendons / Q000473:pathology*