title: Therapeutic effects of a restraint procedure on posttraumatic place learning in fimbria-fornix transected rats.
abstract: Restraint procedures have been shown to influence the neural processes in the brain (dendritic changes or changes in the expression of neurotrophines, etc.) as well as to alter the behavioural performance. While many report deleterious effects of this procedure in normal animals, there are also indications of positive effects in the context of brain injury. In order to address the issue from the perspective of functional posttraumatic recovery, we studied 6 experimental groups of rats--3 groups undergoing a fimbria-fornix transection, and 3 groups remaining neurally intact. Within the lesioned and intact groups, respectively, one group of animals was subjected to an 8-day long restraint procedure (2 h daily) that ended immediately prior to the infliction of trauma; another group was subjected to the same procedure starting immediately after the infliction of trauma; and one group was not subjected to the restraint procedure at all. After a brief period of postoperative pause, the animals were tested on their acquisition of an 8-arm radial maze based place learning task and the effects of the restraint procedure on the task acquisition were evaluated. The results show that within the neurally intact groups, the administration of this procedure had no effect at all. However, the lesioned groups that were subjected to the restraint procedure showed significantly improved acquisition of the studied task compared to the lesioned animals that did not undergo the restraint procedure. The improved task performance suggests a therapeutic effect of this manipulation on the functional recovery after a mechanical trauma.
authors.affiliation: The Unit for Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Oester Farimagsgade 5A, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Malá
authors.forename: María Rodríguez
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knippel
authors.forename: Peter Jes
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Køhler
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lassen
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mogensen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019771:Axotomy; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D020712:Fornix, Brain / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012149:Restraint, Physical / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*