title: Current state of scanning micromanipulator applications with the carbon dioxide laser.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The development of the scanning system AcuBlade has considerably enhanced carbon dioxide laser energy delivery, improving cutting and ablation modes. The scanning system can be applied with the 2 available high-powered pulsed waves, SuperPulse and UltraPulse. This study was conducted to determine whether there are any differences in phonosurgery between the SuperPulse and UltraPulse lasing applications with regard to thermal diffusion into the surrounding tissues, healing time, and clinical results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients with bilateral and similar vocal fold lesions underwent operation--one side in SuperPulse mode and the other side in UltraPulse mode. The parameters for phonosurgery were depth of 0.2 mm, 10 W, single pulse, and 0.10 second for SuperPulse, and 2 passes, 10 W, single pulse, and 0.10 second for UltraPulse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incisions were sharper with UltraPulse, making the surgery easier, but at the first postoperative follow-up visit, after 8 to 10 days, no differences were observed in the presentation, the healing, or the vibration of the 2 vocal folds. Coagulation along the incision line was 25 microm for SuperPulse and 15 microm for UltraPulse (median values).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In comparison with SuperPulse, the UltraPulse carbon dioxide laser made the procedure easier, but did not improve the clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Louvain at Mont-Godinne, Avenue Therasse, 1, 5530 Yvoir, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Remacle
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: Marie-Cécile
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Nollevaux
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D007819:Laryngeal Edema / Q000601:surgery; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D054020:Lasers, Gas / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D012371:Robotics; D012984:Software; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000601:surgery*