title: Neural changes induced by learning a challenging perceptual-motor task.
abstract: We studied the neural changes accompanying the learning of a perceptual-motor task involving polyrhythmic bimanual force production. Motor learning was characterized by an increase in stability of performance. To assess after-effects in the corresponding neural network, magnetoencophalographic and electromyographic signals were recorded and analyzed in terms of (event-related) amplitude changes and synchronization patterns. The topology of the network was first identified using a beamformer analysis, which revealed differential effects of activation in cortical areas and cerebellar hemispheres. We found event-related (de-)synchronization of beta-activity in bilateral cortical motor areas and alpha-modulations in the cerebellum. The alpha-modulation increased after learning and, simultaneously, the bilateral M1 coupling increased around the movement frequency reflecting improved motor timing. Furthermore, the inter-hemispheric gamma-synchronization between primary motor areas decreased, which may reflect a reduced attentional demand after learning.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute MOVE, Faculty of Human Movement Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. s.houweling@fbw.vu.nl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Houweling
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daffertshofer
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Beek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000502:physiology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D030141:Feedback, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D010465:Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011712:Pyramidal Tracts / Q000502:physiology