title: The evaluation of control measures against Schistosoma mekongi in Cambodia by a mathematical model.
abstract: We constructed a mathematical model for the transmission of Schistosoma mekongi in Cambodia. The simulation of the model will be instrumental in planning schistosomiasis control measures. The model includes two definitive hosts, humans and dogs, as animal reservoirs. Dogs are recognized to play an important role in schistosomiasis transmission in Cambodia. For the purpose of dealing with age-specific prevalence and intensity of infection, the human population was classified into eight age categories in the model. To describe the seasonal fluctuation of the intermediate host population of S. mekongi, the "Post-Spate Survival" hypothesis was adopted for the population dynamics of Neotricula aperta present in the Mekong River. We carried out simulations to evaluate the effect of universal treatment (UT) and targeted mass treatment (TT) with praziquantel on the reduction in prevalence of S. mekongi. The simulations indicated that biyearly UT for 8 years or yearly TT for 5 years after three courses of yearly UT could reduce the prevalence to below 5% when a UT or TT coverage of 85% of inhabitants was achieved. The simulation suggested that the suppression of S. mekongi in Cambodia would be possible by UT or TT with a high coverage rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Ecology, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hisakane
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kirinoki
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chigusa
authors.forename: Muth
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sinuon
authors.forename: Duong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Socheat
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002160:Cambodia; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015995:Prevalence; D045483:Rivers; D012547:Schistosoma / Q000187:drug effects; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D012621:Seasons; D012908:Snails / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D011223:Praziquantel