Heritability of brachydactyly type A3 in children, adolescents, and young adults from an endogamous population in eastern Nepal.
Brachymesophalangia-V (BMP-V), a short and broad middle phalanx of the fifth digit, is the most common of all skeletal anomalies of the hand. When this feature appears alone, it is clinically known as brachydactyly type A3 (BDA3). A high prevalence of BDA3 has been observed among the children of the Jirel ethnic group in eastern Nepal. As part of the Jiri Growth Study, a hand-wrist radiograph is taken annually of each child to assess skeletal development. For this study the most recent radiographs of 1,357 Jirel children, adolescents, and young adults (676 boys, 681 girls), age 3-20 years, were examined for the presence or absence of BDA3, to report the prevalence and estimate the heritability of BDA3 in the Jirel population. The overall prevalence of BDA3 in this sample was 10.5% (12.9% of the males and 8.9% of the females were classified as BDA3 affected). The additive genetic heritability of BDA3 was statistically significant in this sample (h2 +/- SE = 0.87 +/- 0.16, p < 0.0001). This study is the first to estimate the prevalence and heritability of BDA3 in a large South Asian family-based sample.
Williams
Kimberly D
KD
Lifespan Health Research Center, Department of Community Health, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, 3171 Research Blvd., Dayton, OH 45420-4014, USA.
Blangero
John
J
Cottom
Carol R
CR
Lawrence
Sharon
S
Choh
Audrey C
AC
Czerwinski
Stefan A
SA
Lee
Miryoung
M
Duren
Dana L
DL
Sherwood
Richard J
RJ
Dyer
Thomas D
TD
Jha
Bharat
B
Subedi
Janardan
J
Williams-Blangero
Sarah
S
Towne
Bradford
B
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D050278:Finger Phalanges / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005828:Genetics, Population / Q000379:methods*; D006228:Hand Deformities, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D011859:Radiography