title: Systemic diseases with renal manifestations.
abstract: This article discusses the epidemiology, recognition, screening, and management of six systemic diseases that commonly present with renal manifestations: diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, congestive heart failure, HIV, liver disease, and dysproteinemias. Diabetic nephropathy remains the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the United States. The outlook for patients who have lupus nephritis and HIV-associated nephropathy has improved in the last decade. Kidney disease is common in patients who have advanced liver disease, and creatinine-based methods do not provide an accurate estimation of renal function in this population. Dysproteinemias are associated with protean renal manifestations, and renal disease may be the presenting manifestation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, FMP107, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Asha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajashekar
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Perazella
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crowley
mesh_terms: D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008403:Mass Screening; D011379:Prognosis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology