title: Detection of genetically modified crops by combination of multiplex PCR and low-density DNA microarray.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a technique for simultaneous detection of various target genes in Roundup Ready soybean by combining multiplex PCR and low-density DNA microarray.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two sets of the multiplex PCR system were used to amplify the target genes in genetically modified (GM) soybean. Seventeen capture probes (PCR products) and 17 pairs of corresponding primers were designed according to the genetic characteristics of Rroundup Ready soybean (GTS40-3-2), maize (Mon810, Nk603, GA21), canola (T45, MS1/RF1), and rice (SCK) in many identified GM crops. All of the probes were categorized and identified as species-specific probes. One negative probe and one positive control probe were used to assess the efficiency of all reactions, and therefore eliminate any false positive and negative results. After multiplex PCR reaction, amplicons were adulterated with Cy5-dUTP and hybridized with DNA microarray. The array was then scanned to display the specific hybridization signals of target genes. The assay was applied to the analysis of sample of certified transgenic soybean (Roundup Ready GTS40-3-2) and canola (MS1/RF1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A combination technique of multiplex PCR and DNA microarray was successfully developed to identify multi-target genes in Roundup Ready soybean and MS1/RF1 canola with a great specificity and reliability. Reliable identification of genetic characteristics of Roundup Ready of GM soybean from genetically modified crops was achieved at 0.5% transgenic events, indicating a high sensitivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combination technique of multiplex PCR and low-density DNA microarray can reliably detect and identify the genetically modified crops.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Ping-Ping
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jian-Zhong
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-Hai
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Yong-Ning
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D017931:DNA Primers; D015342:DNA Probes; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D015342:DNA Probes