title: An immunoregulatory peptide from salivary glands of the horsefly, Hybomitra atriperoides.
abstract: Horseflies are economically important blood-feeding arthropods and also a nuisance for humans, and vectors for filariasis. They rely heavily on the pharmacological propriety of their saliva to get blood meal and suppress immune reactions of hosts. Little information is available on horsefly immune suppressants. By high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification coupling with pharmacological testing, an immunoregulatory peptide named immunoregulin HA has been identified and characterized from salivary glands of the horsefly of Hybomitra atriperoides (Diptera, Tabanidae). Immunoregulin HA could inhibit the secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) and increase the secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat splenocytes. IL-10 is a suppressor cytokine of T-cell proliferative and cytokine responses. IL-10 can inhibit the elaboration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Immunoregulin HA possibly unregulated the IL-10 production to inhibit IFN-gamma and MCP-1 secretion in the current experiments. This immunosuppression may facilitate the blood feeding of this horsefly. The current works will facilitate to understand the molecular mechanisms of the ectoparasite-host relationship.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences School of Heibei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050016, China.
authors.forename: Xiuwen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Haining
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jingze
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ren
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004175:Diptera / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D010455:Peptides