title: Pre and post-pulmonary thromboendarterectomies capnographic variables.
abstract: In these case report, the results of late dead space fraction (fDlate), end-tidal alveolar dead space fraction (AVDSf), arterial-alveolar gradient CO2 [P(a-et)CO2], and slope phase 3 of spirogram of two patients who underwent thromboendarterectomy for pulmonary embolism (PE) are shown. PE was diagnosed by pulmonary scintigraphy, helical tomography, and pulmonary angiography. The calculation of fDlate, AVDSf and P(a-et)CO2 was based on volumetric capnography associated with arterial blood gas analysis. The pre-operative fDlate of the first patient was 0.16 (cutoff 0.12) and AVDSf was 0.30 (cutoff 0.15). However, the fDlate of the second patient was false-negative (0.01) but, the AVDSf was positive (0.28). Postoperative fDlate of the first patient was -0.04 and AVDSf was 0.16; for the second patient, the values were 0.07 and 0.28, respectively. The association of these capnographic variables with image exams reinforces the importance of this noninvasive diagnosis method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas.
authors.forename: Marcos Mello
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Renato Giusepe Giovani
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.forename: Reinaldo Wilson
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Orlando
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Petrucci Junior
authors.forename: Ilma Aparecida
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Paschoal
authors.forename: Pedro Paulo Martins de
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Karlos Alexandre de Souza
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Vilarinho
authors.forename: Domingo Marcolino
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Braile
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019296:Capnography / Q000379:methods*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004691:Endarterectomy; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000503:physiopathology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000601:surgery; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D012126:Respiratory Dead Space; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide