title: Natural history of spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is generally believed to be associated with better survival and function compared to other motor neuron diseases, no systematic study of long-term functional status or survival has been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the results a retrospective review of 39 patients with genetically confirmed diagnosis and compared their survival to normal, population-based, age- and gender-matched controls. We assessed the functional status of 25 of the 33 survivors by completing the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-r) by telephone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The subjects with SBMA had a 10-year survival of 82% compared to 95% among the age-matched controls (p = 0.053). The mean ALSFRS-r score for the survivors was 37 (range 27-43). The ALSFRS-r subscores indicated mild deficits in all areas in most, with the greatest limitation being the use of stairs. While all reported bulbar symptoms, none had disabling deficits. None of the subjects required a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube and one subject used noninvasive positive pressure ventilation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term survival of subjects with spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy is minimally reduced from their age-matched controls. The long-term functional assessments demonstrate mild neurologic impairment in most without devastating bulbar or respiratory dysfunction and good ambulatory function years after diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Nizar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chahin
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Jayawant
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mandrekar
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sorenson
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009134:Muscular Atrophy, Spinal / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats