The prevalence and incidence of left bundle branch block in ambulant patients with chronic heart failure.
BACKGROUND
Approximately one third of patients with chronic heart failure have left bundle branch block (LBBB) on their 12-lead ECG.


RESULTS
1418 consecutive patients (average (SD) age 70.5 (10.4) years; 74% male) first seen in a community heart failure clinic between December 2001 and June 2006 had a 12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG). 485 (34%) had a QRS duration >or=120 ms. Patients with a broad QRS were older (72.2 v 69.3 years), had worse left ventricular systolic function, were on a higher daily dose of diuretic and were more likely to be on amiodarone (14.4 v 7.1%). 12 lead ECG was available for 734 patients (52%) at 1 year follow up. The QRS interval increased from 115.1 ms at baseline to 117.6 (P<0.0001). There were 52 incident cases of LBBB, an incidence of 10.9%. The only predictors of incident LBBB were QRS duration at baseline and amiodarone use at baseline. The proportion of patients with LBBB increased from 34.0% at baseline to 36.7%, 37.7% and 42.3% at 1, 2 and 3 years follow up, respectively. Baseline LBBB was associated with a worse outcome (HR 1.25 (95% CI 1.01-1.55). New LBBB was an independent adverse prognostic feature (HR 2.09 (95% CI 1.17-3.73); P=0.013).


CONCLUSIONS
The crude incidence of LBBB is 10.9% in the first year of follow up in an unselected population of ambulatory outpatients with chronic stable heart failure. Ongoing care of patients with chronic heart failure should include a regular 12 lead electrocardiogram.
Clark
Andrew L
AL
Department of Academic Cardiology, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, Hull, UK. HU16 5JQ, UK. a.l.clark@hull.ac.uk
Goode
Kevin
K
Cleland
John G F
JG
D000368:Aged; D002037:Bundle-Branch Block / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology