title: Mastopexy with 3D preshaped mesh for long-term results: development of the internal bra system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Numerous techniques for mastopexy and breast reduction have been described, indicating the absence of a generally accepted method that fulfills the essential criteria for obtaining a pleasing, long-lasting result. All techniques using local tissue for reinforcement will eventually face recurrent ptosis because essentially the physical tissue properties are not altered. To overcome this, synthetic mesh has successfully been used to obtain permanent results. This method, however, was not generally accepted because of the fear of complications and of reduced oncologic survey and because no practical system was in place. Meanwhile, research showed that mesh could be safely introduced into the female breast.
  
  
  METHODS
  An easy-to-use mesh implant was developed. It comes as a system consisting of three-dimensional, preshaped, feather-soft woven mesh in different sizes, and concomitant sizers to facilitate the insertion. It acts as an internal bra and is therefore named "the Internal Bra System." The mesh replaces the attenuated natural suspensory system of the breast, returning what was lost by nature. Indications are breast ptosis, breast hypertrophy with ptosis, and contralateral correction after reconstruction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 170 patients (327 breasts) were treated with the longest follow-up of 4.5 years. No serious complications were encountered. Physical and X-ray examinations were still possible. No recurrent ptosis was observed and no scar hypertrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Internal Bra System seems to have finally become the versatile way to obtain a predictable, pleasing, long-term result in mastopexy and breast reduction.
authors.affiliation: Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands. hp.debruijn@tiscali.nl
authors.forename: Hans P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: de Bruijn
authors.forename: Siegmund
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johannes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018427:Breast Implants; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011091:Polyesters; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011091:Polyesters