Induction of muscle thermogenesis by high-fat diet in mice: association with obesity-resistance.
The obesogenic effect of a high-fat (HF) diet is counterbalanced by stimulation of energy expenditure and lipid oxidation in response to a meal. The aim of this study was to reveal whether muscle nonshivering thermogenesis could be stimulated by a HF diet, especially in obesity-resistant A/J compared with obesity-prone C57BL/6J (B/6J) mice. Experiments were performed on male mice born and maintained at 30 degrees C. Four-week-old mice were randomly weaned onto a low-fat (LF) or HF diet for 2 wk. In the A/J LF mice, cold exposure (4 degrees C) resulted in hypothermia, whereas the A/J HF, B/6J LF, and B/6J HF mice were cold tolerant. Cold sensitivity of the A/J LF mice was associated with a relatively low whole body energy expenditure under resting conditions, which was normalized by the HF diet. In both strains, the HF diet induced uncoupling protein-1-mediated thermogenesis, with a stronger induction in A/J mice. Only in A/J mice: 1) the HF diet augmented activation of whole body lipid oxidation by cold; and 2) at 30 degrees C, oxygen consumption, total content, and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and AICAR-stimulated palmitate oxidation in soleus muscle was increased by the HF diet in parallel with significantly increased leptinemia. Gene expression data in soleus muscle of the A/J HF mice indicated a shift from carbohydrate to fatty acid oxidation. Our results suggest a role for muscle nonshivering thermogenesis and lipid oxidation in the obesity-resistant phenotype of A/J mice and indicate that a HF diet could induce thermogenesis in oxidative muscle, possibly via the leptin-AMPK axis.
Kus
Vladimir
V
Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague, Czech Republic.
Prazak
Tomas
T
Brauner
Petr
P
Hensler
Michal
M
Kuda
Ondrej
O
Flachs
Pavel
P
Janovska
Petra
P
Medrikova
Dasa
D
Rossmeisl
Martin
M
Jilkova
Zuzana
Z
Stefl
Bohumir
B
Pastalkova
Eva
E
Drahota
Zdenek
Z
Houstek
Josef
J
Kopecky
Jan
J
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D012265:Ribonucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D012265:Ribonucleotides; D014280:Triglycerides; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C031143:AICA ribonucleotide