title: Cell-free embryonic stem cell extract-mediated derivation of multipotent stem cells from NIH3T3 fibroblasts for functional and anatomical ischemic tissue repair.
abstract: The oocyte-independent source for the generation of pluripotent stem cells is among the ultimate goals in regenerative medicine. We report that on exposure to mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) extracts, reversibly permeabilized NIH3T3 cells undergo dedifferentiation followed by stimulus-induced redifferentiation into multiple lineage cell types. Genome-wide expression profiling revealed significant differences between NIH3T3 control and ESC extract-treated NIH3T3 cells including the reactivation of ESC-specific transcripts. Epigenetically, ESC extracts induced CpG demethylation of Oct4 promoter, hyperacetylation of histones 3 and 4, and decreased lysine 9 (K-9) dimethylation of histone 3. In mouse models of surgically induced hindlimb ischemia or acute myocardial infarction transplantation of reprogrammed NIH3T3 cells significantly improved postinjury physiological functions and showed anatomic evidence of engraftment and transdifferentiation into skeletal muscle, endothelial cell, and cardiomyocytes. These data provide evidence for the generation of functional multipotent stem-like cells from terminally differentiated somatic cells without the introduction of retroviral mediated transgenes or ESC fusion.
authors.affiliation: Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Johnson
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rajasingh
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lambers
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bord
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thorne
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goukassian
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krishnamurthy
authors.forename: Kenneth M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Deepali
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ahluwalia
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Gangjian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Douglas W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Losordo
authors.forename: Raj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kishore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000637:transplantation; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000637:transplantation; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts