title: Tissue Doppler index, E/E', and ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although several risk factors for stroke have been reported in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), the relation of LV diastolic dysfunction to stroke is still uncertain in these patients. We evaluated the relationship between tissue Doppler-derived index, E/E', as well as other clinical and echocardiographic parameters and ischemic stroke by this cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred thirty patients with persistent AF who had preserved LV ejection fraction were included from 6 centers. Clinical data were obtained and standard transthoracic echocardiography was performed. Patients without a history of ischemic stroke (n=280) were compared with patients with this complication (n=50). Potential determinants of ischemic stroke were identified by logistic regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analyses, age, history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and symptomatic heart failure, plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level, early mitral inflow velocity (E), diastolic mitral annular velocity (E'), and E/E' ratio were significantly correlated to ischemic stroke. Multivariate regression analyses identified two significant variables that were independently associated with ischemic stroke: hypertension (odds ratio=6.03, p=0.008), and E/E' (odds ratio=1.21, p=0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings may have clinical implications that LV diastolic dysfunction, reflected by E/E', is a significant determinant of ischemic stroke in AF. A larger prospective data is needed to confirm the value of E/E' in risk stratification for ischemic stroke in this population.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Yonsei Cardiovascular Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang-Hak
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seonghoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Wook-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Young-Sup
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.forename: Sung-Kee
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Wook-Bum
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Pyun
authors.forename: Se-Joong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Rim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002306:Cardiac Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain