title: Induction of muscle thermogenesis by high-fat diet in mice: association with obesity-resistance.
abstract: The obesogenic effect of a high-fat (HF) diet is counterbalanced by stimulation of energy expenditure and lipid oxidation in response to a meal. The aim of this study was to reveal whether muscle nonshivering thermogenesis could be stimulated by a HF diet, especially in obesity-resistant A/J compared with obesity-prone C57BL/6J (B/6J) mice. Experiments were performed on male mice born and maintained at 30 degrees C. Four-week-old mice were randomly weaned onto a low-fat (LF) or HF diet for 2 wk. In the A/J LF mice, cold exposure (4 degrees C) resulted in hypothermia, whereas the A/J HF, B/6J LF, and B/6J HF mice were cold tolerant. Cold sensitivity of the A/J LF mice was associated with a relatively low whole body energy expenditure under resting conditions, which was normalized by the HF diet. In both strains, the HF diet induced uncoupling protein-1-mediated thermogenesis, with a stronger induction in A/J mice. Only in A/J mice: 1) the HF diet augmented activation of whole body lipid oxidation by cold; and 2) at 30 degrees C, oxygen consumption, total content, and phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and AICAR-stimulated palmitate oxidation in soleus muscle was increased by the HF diet in parallel with significantly increased leptinemia. Gene expression data in soleus muscle of the A/J HF mice indicated a shift from carbohydrate to fatty acid oxidation. Our results suggest a role for muscle nonshivering thermogenesis and lipid oxidation in the obesity-resistant phenotype of A/J mice and indicate that a HF diet could induce thermogenesis in oxidative muscle, possibly via the leptin-AMPK axis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kus
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Prazak
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brauner
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hensler
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kuda
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Flachs
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Janovska
authors.forename: Dasa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Medrikova
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossmeisl
authors.forename: Zuzana
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jilkova
authors.forename: Bohumir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stefl
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pastalkova
authors.forename: Zdenek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Drahota
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Houstek
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kopecky
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D012265:Ribonucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D012265:Ribonucleotides; D014280:Triglycerides; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; C031143:AICA ribonucleotide