title: Isolation and identification of a novel microorganism producing the immunosuppressant tacrolimus.
abstract: An extensive screening program has isolated a novel microorganism capable of over-producing tacrolimus, an effective immunosuppressant with a superior potency relative to cyclosporine A. The initial screening step based on anti-fungal activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275, a FK506 sensitive test strain, resulted in the isolation of 127 Actinomycetes from Korean soil samples. Subsequent T-cell proliferation assay demonstrated that among the 127 Actinomycetes isolated, only one strain exhibited immunosuppressive activity. Examination of the general taxonomical characteristics and data from the phylogenetic sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene led to identification of the isolate as a strain of Streptomyces clavuligerus. The immunosuppressive activity of this newly isolated strain, S. clavuligerus CKD1119 was confirmed to be identical to that of tacrolimus. Moreover, a 7 l jar fermentor experiment using the isolate yielded a peak titer of 58 mg/l for FK-506 production after 8 d of culture in production medium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young In
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000254:growth & development; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D007723:Korea; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D016559:Tacrolimus