title: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Argentinean version of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire.
abstract: METHODS
  Psychometric testing of a translated, culturally adapted questionnaire.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Argentinean Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) validation and cross-cultural adaptation for its use in Argentinean population with lumbar pain.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The RMDQ is one of the most widely used and validated instruments for measuring disability in low back pain. However, no validated Argentine version of the Test was available at the time our study was initiated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The RMDQ Argentinean cross-cultural adaptation was tested among 132 chronic lumbar pain patients, of which, 50 completed the pre-final RMDQ questionnaire and did a retest 24 hours later. The data gathered, as well as the absent response rate and the conflictive sentences for the patient were reviewed. There were no sentences marked as conflictive, therefore, the RMDQ (final) was handed out to another 82 patients. The interclass correlation coefficient was used to assess reliability and internal consistency by means of the Cronbach's alpha. The convergent validity was assessed calculating Pearson's correlation coefficient comparing the RMDQ's results with: the amount of pain (EVA), the range of movement of the spine, and the tightening of the hamstrings by means of the Active Knee Extension Test (through digital inclinometry).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reliability Test-retest (24 hours): interclass correlation coefficient: 0.940 (P < 0.01). Internal consistency reached 0.904 Cronbach's alpha. The RMDQ's convergent validity calculating Pearson's correlation coefficient was r: 0.544 (P < 0.01) for EVA and r: -0.378 (P < 0.01) for range of movement from T1, which is in agreement with previous results published in similar studies. Concurrent validity was assessed correlating the RMDQ results with the Argentinean Oswestry Disability Index calculating Pearson's Coefficient and it proved very good, r: 0.811 (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the study show that the Argentinean version of the RMDQ is reliable and valid as a lumbar disability measurement tool. The authors recommend this tool for future clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Therapeutic Education and Rehabilitation Institute, FLENI, Pain Center.
authors.forename: Aníbal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scharovsky
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pueyrredón
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: María Elisa
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Converso
authors.forename: Julio H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Pueyrredón
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salvat
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Alzúa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001118:Argentina; D001416:Back Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*