title: Les fards rouges cosmétiques et rituels a base de cinabre et d'ocre de l'époque punique en Tunisie: analyse, identification et caractérisation.
abstract: Natural antique colorants include mainly red pigments such as cinnabar and ochre. These archeological pigments were used especially as funeral and cosmetic makeup and are a material proof of handicraft activities and exchanges. The identification and characterization of a group of punic colorants, corresponding to samples discovered during excavations at several Tunisian archeological sites (Cartage, Ksour Essef, Kerkouane, Bekalta, Makthar, Bou Arada), were conducted using the least destructive analysis techniques such us scanning electron microscopy coupled to X-ray fluorescence microprobe, direct current plasma emission spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. Eleven natural red colorants from punic period were subject to this investigation and were compared to contemporary substances. Five colorants were cinnabar and the other six were ochre.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Colorants Naturels, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie, BP 676, 1080 Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alatrache
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mahjoub
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ayed
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ben Younes