title: Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to challenge by Pseudomonas syringae.
abstract: Plants are continually exposed to a variety of potentially pathogenic microbes, and the interactions between plants and pathogenic invaders determine the outcome, disease or disease resistance. To defend themselves, plants have developed a sophisticated immune system. Unlike animals, however, they do not have specialized immune cells and, thus all plant cells appear to have the innate ability to recognize pathogens and turn on an appropriate defense response. Using genetic, genomic and biochemical methods, tremendous advances have been made in understanding how plants recognize pathogens and mount effective defenses. The primary immune response is induced by microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). MAMP receptors recognize the presence of probable pathogens and evoke defense. In the co-evolution of plant-microbe interactions, pathogens gained the ability to make and deliver effector proteins to suppress MAMP-induced defense responses. In response to effector proteins, plants acquired R-proteins to directly or indirectly monitor the presence of effector proteins and activate an effective defense response. In this review we will describe and discuss the plant immune responses induced by two types of elicitors, PAMPs and effector proteins.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Gab
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Woe Yeon
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mackey
authors.forename: Sang Yeol
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D020156:Salicylic Acid