title: Upgrading of wastewater treatment plants for nutrient removal under optimal use of existing structures.
abstract: Upgrading of wastewater treatment plants under maximum use of existing structures is often an important requirement, but also useful due to a number of aspects. Because of a change in legal effluent requirements, a number of plants in Austria, typically aged 20+ years, were required to be extended. The two stage activated sludge HYBRID-process often provides an interesting design alternative for such plant upgrades, especially in case an anaerobic sludge treatment stage already exists. It provides high nutrient removal capacity at low area demand. The latter is especially important in cases where no or very limited extension area is available making it the key factor to preserve a site for future use. Based on two full stage case studies the adaptation of the plant layout, first operation results and a synthetic cost comparison to a conventional (single stage) plant extension are given.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Water Quality and Waste Management, Vienna University of Technology, A--1040 Vienna, Karlsplatz 13/E 226, Austria. swinkler@iwag.tuwien.ac.at
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gasser
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schättle
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kremmel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kletzmayr
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsché
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001317:Austria; D005160:Facility Design and Construction / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage