title: Does patient position influence Doppler signal quality from the USCOM ultrasonic cardiac output monitor?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The USCOM1A continuous wave cardiac output monitor (USCOM Pty Ltd., Sydney, NSW, Australia) is a novel Doppler-based device used to measure cardiac output noninvasively. The proper alignment of the transducer, and hence the ultrasound beam to the aortic or pulmonary outflow tracts, is essential to acquire accurate measurements and often much time is spent on transducer and/or patient positioning. In this prospective, observational, crossover study, we investigated the effect of patient positioning on the acquisition of cardiac output measurement with USCOM1A.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured cardiac output using USCOM1A in 30 healthy adult volunteers, each in five different positions: sitting, supine, Trendelenburg (20 degrees), left lateral tilt (20 degrees), and right lateral tilt (20 degrees) and compared the time required to obtain acceptable measurements. We also compared the quality of the Doppler signal obtained in these positions using a scoring system designed for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a higher rate of failed measurement, the mean time to obtain the first acceptable measurement was prolonged and the optimal measurement obtained within a 5-min period was of a lower quality in the sitting position compared with the other four positions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggested the sitting position is the least suitable and least reliable position in which to perform cardiac output measurements using USCOM1A compared with the supine, Trendelenburg (20 degrees), left lateral tilt (20 degrees), and right lateral tilt (20 degrees) positions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. lysiu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Lyndon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siu
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: Shashi Kanth
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Manikappa
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Monagle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001011:Aorta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002302:Cardiac Output; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D018475:Head-Down Tilt; D006801:Humans; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011187:Posture; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D016683:Supine Position; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography