title: Congenital mitral stenosis, subvalvular aortic stenosis, and congestive heart failure in a duck.
abstract: A 2.6-year-old duck was evaluated for respiratory difficulty. On the basis of physical, radiographic and echocardiographic findings, a diagnosis of congestive heart failure secondary to congenital mitral stenosis and subvalvular aortic stenosis was made. The duck did not respond well to medical therapy and was euthanized. The diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. emitchell@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Michelle G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Joao S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Orvalho
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001020:Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D004372:Ducks; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*