title: ATP dependence of Na+-driven Cl-HCO3 exchange in squid axons.
abstract: Squid giant axons recover from acid loads by activating a Na(+)-driven Cl-HCO(3) exchanger. We internally dialyzed axons to an intracellular pH (pH( i )) of 6.7, halted dialysis and monitored the pH(i) recovery (increase) in the presence of ATP or other nucleotides, using cyanide to block oxidative phosphorylation. We computed the equivalent acid-extrusion rate (J(H)) from the rate of pH(i) increase and intracellular buffering power. In experimental series 1, we used dialysis to vary [ATP](i), finding that Michaelis-Menten kinetics describes J (H) vs. [ATP](i), with an apparent V(max) of 15.6 pmole cm(-2 )s(-1) and K (m) of 124 microM. In series 2, we examined ATP gamma S, AMP-PNP, AMP-PCP, AMP-CPP, GMP-PNP, ADP, ADP beta S and GDP beta S to determine if any, by themselves, could support transport. Only ATP gamma S (8 mM) supported acid extrusion; ATP gamma S also supported the HCO (3)(-) -dependent (36)Cl efflux expected of a Na(+)-driven Cl-HCO(3) exchanger. Finally, in series 3, we asked whether any nucleotide could alter J (H) in the presence of a background [ATP](i) of approximately 230 microM (control J (H) = 11.7 pmol cm(-2 )s(-1)). We found J (H) was decreased modestly by 8 mM AMP-PNP (J (H) = 8.0 pmol cm(-2 )s(-1)) but increased modestly by 1 mM ADP beta S (J (H) = 16.0 pmol cm(-2 )s(-1)). We suggest that ATP gamma S leads to stable phosphorylation of the transporter or an essential activator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Emilia M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Walter F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Boron
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000378:metabolism; D027963:Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D002713:Chlorine / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D049834:Loligo; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000502:physiology*; D027982:Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporters / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001639:Bicarbonates; D027963:Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; D011868:Radioisotopes; D027982:Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporters; D002713:Chlorine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D012964:Sodium