title: Andrograpanin, isolated from Andrographis paniculata, exhibits anti-inflammatory property in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage cells through down-regulating the p38 MAPKs signaling pathways.
abstract: Andrographis paniculata Nees is an official herbal medicine for treatment of infection and inflammation in China. Andrograpanin, the one of diterpene lactones in A. paniculata, is a hydrolysate from neoandrographolide in vivo and in vitro. The goal of the present study was to investigate andrograpanin which effects on over production of nitric oxide (NO) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-12p70) and the key signaling pathways involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophage cells. The results showed that NO and all three pro-inflammatory cytokines were inhibited by andrograpanin (15-90 microM) in a dose-dependent manner. The RT-PCR and western blotting assays showed that andrograpanin inhibited productions of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines through down-regulating iNOS and pro-inflammatory cytokines gene expression levels. Further studies suggested that down-regulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) signaling pathways were involved in the anti-inflammatory activities of andrograpanin. This study provided evidences that andrograpanin might be useful as a potential anti-inflammatory leading compound for inflammatory drug development.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines of Ministry of Education, Institute of Chinese material Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zheng-Tao
authors.initials: ZT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bao-Xue
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D035685:Andrographis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004224:Diterpenes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C530537:andrograpanin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases