title: Topical mitomycin-C for recalcitrant esophageal strictures: a novel endoscopic/fluoroscopic technique for safe endoluminal delivery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nonsurgical treatment of recalcitrant pediatric esophageal strictures is challenging. The chemotherapy drug mitomycin-C, which reduces collagen synthesis and scar formation, shows anecdotal promise in the topical treatment of these strictures. Mitomycin-C is cytotoxic, and a safe endoluminal delivery system that avoids inadvertent application to adjacent mucosa has not yet been described.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have treated 2 patients with a combined endoscopic/fluoroscopic technique that ensures protected delivery of a mitomycin-soaked pledget directly to the targeted site. Following pneumatic balloon dilation of the stricture under fluoroscopy, flexible esophagoscopy is performed to the disrupted stricture. Through the gastrostomy tract, a 12F to 16F semirigid sheath is introduced over a guide wire and passed retrograde up the esophagus to the stricture. A grasping forceps introduced through the instrument channel of the esophagoscope is advanced through the sheath and grasps a mitomycin-C-soaked pledget. The pledget is drawn back through the sheath up to the stricture where timed, serial radial applications to the stricture are performed without any contamination of the rest of the esophagus or stomach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We describe a novel technique of endoluminal delivery and focused application of mitomycin-C to an esophageal stricture that avoids inadvertent topical application to adjacent mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Radiology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6H 3V4.
authors.forename: Manraj K S
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Heran
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: Geoffrey K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: Erik D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Skarsgard
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D002404:Catheterization; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D016685:Mitomycin