title: Understanding addiction: the orthopedic surgical perspective to a significant problem.
abstract: The realm of addiction and addiction medicine is one in which physicians receive little formal training, particularly in surgical subspecialties. This article presents an overview of addiction medicine and treatment, concentrating on the neurophysiology, psychological aspects, and terminology. Assessment tools and objective findings for recognizing addiction in patients in pain are discussed, as is the management of acute pain and perioperative considerations for patients who are undergoing opioid treatment programs.
authors.affiliation: Podiatric Surgical Residency Program, INOVA Fairfax Hospital, 3300 Gallows Rd, T6W, Podiatry Residency Office, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA. kimberlybobbitt@hotmail.com <kimberlybobbitt@hotmail.com>
authors.forename: Kimberly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Bobbitt
authors.forename: L Marie
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Keplinger
authors.forename: Husam K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Althari
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid