title: Validation of a peak endocardial acceleration-based algorithm to optimize cardiac resynchronization: early clinical results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) involves time-consuming procedures to achieve an optimal programming of the system, at implant as well as during follow-up, when remodelling occurs. A device equipped with an implantable sensor able to measure peak endocardial acceleration (PEA) has been recently developed to monitor cardiac function and to guide CRT programming. During scanning of the atrioventricular delay (AVD), PEA reflects both left ventricle (LV) contractility (LV dP/dt(max)) and transmitral flow. A new CRT optimization algorithm, based on recording of PEA (PEA(area) method) was developed, and compared with measurements of LV dP/dt(max), to identify an optimal CRT configuration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 15 patients in New York Heart Association classes II-IV and with a QRS duration >130 ms, who had undergone implantation of a biventricular (BiV) pulse generator connected to a right ventricular (RV) PEA sensor. At a mean of 39 +/- 15 days after implantation of the CRT system, the patients underwent cardiac catheterization. During single-chamber LV or during BiV stimulation, with initial RV or LV stimulation, and at settings of interventricular intervals between 0 and 40 ms, the AVD was scanned between 60 and 220 ms, while LV dP/dt(max) and PEA were measured. The area of PEA curve (PEA(area) method) was estimated as the average of PEA values measured during AVD scanning. A >or=10% increase in LV dP/dt(max) was observed in 12 of 15 patients (80%), who were classified as responders to CRT. In nine of 12 responders (75%), the optimal pacing configuration identified by the PEA(area) method was associated with the greatest LV dP/dt(max).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The concordance of the PEA(area) method with measurements of LV dP/dt(max) suggests that this new, operator-independent algorithm is a reliable means of CRT optimization.
authors.affiliation: Isala Klinieken, Heart Lung Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands. p.p.h.m.delnoy@isala.nl
authors.forename: Peter Paul
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Delnoy
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marcelli
authors.forename: Henk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oudeluttikhuis
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nicastia
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Renesto
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cercenelli
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plicchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004699:Endocardium / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D013997:Time Factors; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy