title: Preparation and application of a fortified hair reference material for the determination of methamphetamine and amphetamine.
abstract: Quality assurance is one of the major issues in forensic analytical laboratories, where the need for a reference material (RM) has rapidly increased. RMs are very useful for method development and validation, internal quality control or proficiency tests. In the present study, we prepared a RM using drug-free hair for the determination of methamphetamine (MA) and its main metabolite, amphetamine (AP) according to the recommendations of ISO Guide 35. The concentrations of MA and AP were determined using two extraction methods, agitation with 1% HCl in methanol at 38 degrees C and ultrasonication with methanol/5M HCl (20:1), followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) after derivatization with trifluoroacetic anhydride (TFAA). The assignment of values was conducted through the homogeneity study and characterization of the material. Furthermore, an internal proficiency test was performed with the prepared RM, of which the results were compared with those of the authentic hair RM prepared in our previous study. As a result, a hair RM containing MA and AP was prepared at the level of 4.86+/-0.69 ng/mg and 4.63+/-0.44 ng/mg, respectively. Most participants showed satisfactory performances in the internal proficiency test with the both RMs. The hair RM prepared in this study demonstrated its suitability for quality assurance in forensic laboratories.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Scientific Investigation, 331-1 Sinwol-7-dong, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 158-707, South Korea. spp26625@yahoo.co.kr
authors.forename: Sooyeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yonghoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eunyoung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Sanggil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Miae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Heesun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000089:Acetic Anhydrides; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000032:analysis*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000032:analysis*; D005463:Fluoroacetates; D053593:Forensic Toxicology / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000032:analysis*; D000432:Methanol; D011786:Quality Control; D012016:Reference Values; D012997:Solvents; D013010:Sonication
chemical_list: D000089:Acetic Anhydrides; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D005463:Fluoroacetates; D012997:Solvents; D008694:Methamphetamine; C017958:trifluoroacetic anhydride; D000661:Amphetamine; D000432:Methanol