title: Effect of inhaled hydrogen sulfide on metabolic responses in anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated piglets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Induced hypometabolism may improve the balance between oxygen delivery and consumption and may help sustain tissue viability in critically ill patients with low cardiac output state. Inhaled hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been shown to induce a suspended animation-like state in mice with a 90% decrease in oxygen consumption. We conducted a preclinical study to explore the potential effect of H2S on metabolic rate in large mammals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal laboratory in a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven anesthetized, paralyzed, and mechanical ventilated piglets (5.8 +/- 0.7 kg).
  
  
  METHODS
  The right carotid artery and superior vena cava were cannulated for arterial pressure monitoring and blood gas sampling. Seven piglets were sequentially exposed to 20, 40, 60, and 80 ppm of H2S over a period of 6 hrs (each level for 1.5 hrs) (H2S group), and additionally four piglets were exposed to air over the same period (control group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ambient temperature was fixed at 22 degrees C throughout. Central body temperature, arterial pressure, and heart rate were continuously monitored. Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were continuously measured using respiratory mass spectrometry. Cardiac output was calculated using the Fick principle. Central temperature and oxygen consumption significantly and linearly decreased over the H2S exposures (p < .0001 for both), the rates of which were significantly less compared with those in the control group (p < .01 for both). Mean arterial pressure increased significantly (p = .007), whereas heart rate (p = .14), cardiac output (p = .89), and lactate (p = .67) did not change significantly during H2S exposures in H2S group; all the variables decreased significantly in the control group (p < .01 for all), and p < .01 by comparison with H2S group except for lactate (p = .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H2S does not appear to have hypometabolic effects in ambiently cooled large mammals and conversely appears to act as a hemodynamic and metabolic stimulant.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Program, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Gencheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Andrew N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Redington
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002302:Cardiac Output; D006339:Heart Rate; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007511:Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010243:Paralysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D019344:Lactic Acid; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide