title: Regulation of a Drosophila melanogaster cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase by prenylation and interaction with a prenyl-binding protein.
abstract: Post-translational modification by isoprenylation is a pivotal process for the correct functioning of many signalling proteins. The Drosophila melanogaster cGMP-PDE (cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase) DmPDE5/6 possesses a CaaX-box prenylation signal motif, as do several novel cGMP-PDEs from insect and echinoid species (in CaaX, C is cysteine, a is an aliphatic amino acid and X is 'any' amino acid). DmPDE5/6 is prenylated in vivo at Cys(1128) and is localized to the plasma membrane when expressed in Drosophila S2 cells. Site-directed mutagenesis of the prenylated cysteine residue (C1128S-DmPDE5/6), pharmacological inhibition of prenylation or co-expression of DmPrBP (Drosophila prenyl-binding protein)/delta each alters the subcellular localization of DmPDE5/6. Thus prenylation constitutes a critical post-translational modification of DmPDE5/6 for membrane targeting. Co-immunoprecipitation and subcellular-fractionation experiments have shown that DmPDE5/6 interacts with DmPrBP/delta in Drosophila S2 cells. Transgenic lines allow targeted expression of tagged prenylation-deficient C1128S-DmPDE5/6 in Type I (principal) cells in Drosophila Malpighian tubules, an in vivo model for DmPDE5/6 function. In contrast with wild-type DmPDE5/6, which was exclusively associated with the apical membrane, the C1128S-DmPDE5/6 mutant form was located primarily in the cytosol, although some residual association occurred at the apical membrane. Despite the profound change in intracellular localization of C1128S-DmPDE5/6, active transport of cGMP is affected in the same way as it is by DmPDE5/6. This suggests that, in addition to prenylation and interaction with DmPrBP/delta, further functional membrane-targeting signals exist within DmPDE5/6.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Division of Molecular Genetics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G11 6NU, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Vaughn
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cleghon
authors.forename: Miles D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Houslay
authors.forename: Shireen-A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D054678:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054707:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000201:enzymology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D017368:Protein Prenylation
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D054678:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 2; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; D054707:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 6