title: The Drosophila homolog of jwa is required for ethanol tolerance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alcohol abuse poses a serious public health problem, and repeated ingestion can produce tolerance, leading to dependence and addiction. However, the mechanisms underlying alcohol tolerance and addiction are not fully understood. Drosophilae have been employed as a suitable model to study the molecular mechanisms underlying ethanol tolerance. JWA, a newly identified microtubule-binding protein, was shown to regulate cell stress responses, transportation of intracellular excitatory amino acids, and the MAPK signal transduction pathway. The JWA mouse homologue addicsin, was postulated to play a role in the development of morphine tolerance and dependence. This study was designed to determine whether JWA participates in ethanol tolerance in Drosophila.
  
  
  METHODS
  The jwa homologous gene in Drosophila, CG10373 (djwa) was cloned and the anti-djwa and cDNA-djwa transgenic fly strains, which exhibit a reduced and elevated djwa expression respectively were constructed. Real-time PCR was used to measure the djwa levels in the resulting fly strains. Rapid tolerance experiments including inebriation exposure and recovering assay were employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The djwa and the human jwa genes share a significant sequence similarity. Their genomic nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence identities are 41.4% and 53.6%, respectively. In inebriation tests, the wild type w(1118) flies and the cDNA-djwa flies acquired ethanol tolerance after several exposures whereas the anti-djwa flies did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The JWA genes are evolutionarily conserved. The djwa function is required for acquiring ethanol tolerance in Drosophila. JWA is likely a novel molecule playing an important role in ethanol tolerance and drug addiction. Our results present a new direction for research related to alcohol tolerance and addiction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd, Nanjing 210029, China. jwzhou@njmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Chunping
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiaojia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xingjiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Dandan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D004330:Drosophila / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D004361:Drug Tolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005838:Genotype; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010957:Plasmids; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C532744:Jwa protein, Drosophila; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000431:Ethanol