title: Imparting antifouling properties of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) hydrogels by grafting poly(oligoethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate).
abstract: The antifouling properties of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate- co-methyl methacrylate) hydrogels were improved by the surface grafting of a brush of poly(oligoethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate) [poly(OEGA)]. The atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of OEGA (degree of polymerization = 8) was initiated from the preactivated surface of the hydrogel under mild conditions, thus in water at 25 degrees C. The catalytic system was optimized on the basis of two ligands [1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyl-triethylenetetramine (HMTETA) or tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (Me6TREN)] and two copper salts (CuIBr or CuICl). Faster polymerization was observed for the Me 6TREN/CuIBr combination. The chemical composition and morphology of the coated surface were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements by the water droplet and captive bubble methods, scanning electron microscopy, and environmental scanning electron microscopy. The hydrophilicity of the surface increased with the molar mass of the grafted poly(OEGA) chains, and the surface modifications were reported in parallel. The antifouling properties of the coatings were tested by in vitro protein adsorption and cell adhesion tests, with green fluorescent protein, beta-lactamase, and lens epithelial cells, as model proteins and model cells, respectively. The grafted poly(OEGA) brush decreased the nonspecific protein adsorption and imparted high cell repellency to the hydrogel surface.
authors.affiliation: Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules, Laboratory of Histology and Cytology, University of Liege, B6 Sart-Tilman B-4000 Liege, Belgium.
authors.forename: Dimitriya
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bozukova
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pagnoulle
authors.forename: Marie-Claire
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: De Pauw-Gillet
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ruth
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jérôme
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jérôme
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D017605:Bromine Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011102:Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D011422:Propionates / Q000737:chemistry; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013499:Surface Properties; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D017605:Bromine Compounds; D005609:Free Radicals; D020100:Hydrogels; D011422:Propionates; C530664:poly(oligoethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate); D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D011102:Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D001618:beta-Lactamases