title: Fate and transport of viruses during sewage treatment in a mound system.
abstract: Studies undertaken to assess the performance of filter materials to remove phosphorus in decentralised sewage systems have not reported on the broader performance of these systems. This study aimed to identify virus fate and transport mechanisms at the laboratory scale for comparison with field experiments on a mound system amended with blast furnace slag. Inactivation was a significant removal mechanism for MS2 bacteriophage, but not for PRD1 bacteriophage. Column studies identified rapid transport of PRD1. Laboratory studies predicted lower removal of PRD1 in a full scale system than was experienced in the field study, highlighting the importance of considering pH and flow rate in pathogen removal estimates. The results highlight the necessity for studying a range of organisms when assessing the potential for pathogen transport.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water and Waste Treatment, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia. k.charles@surrey.ac.uk
authors.forename: Katrina J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: Freya C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Souter
authors.forename: Danielle L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Cheryl M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Jack F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Schijven
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Roser
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Deere
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Priscott
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Ashbolt
mesh_terms: D025622:Bacteriophage PRD1 / Q000502:physiology*; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000821:virology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation; D012722:Sewage / Q000821:virology*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D012822:Silicon Dioxide