title: Influence of amine fluoride/stannous fluoride mouthwashes with and without chlorhexidine on secretion of proinflammatory molecules by peri-implant crevicular fluid cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with dental implants need optimal plaque control. Peri-implantitis is an inflammation of soft and hard tissues around implants characterized by bone loss mediated by proinflammatory molecules such as IL-1beta, PGE(2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of amine fluoride/stannous fluoride (AmF-SnF(2)) vs chlorhexidine 0.12% (CHX) combined with Am-SnF(2) on IL-1beta, PGE(2) and EGF secretion by cells of crevicular peri-implant fluid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with dental implants were included in this study. The test group used AmF-SnF(2) rinsing for 14 days, the control group used CHX rinsing during the first 7 days and AmF-SnF(2) during the following 7 days. Crevicular samples were collected using filter paper strips and assayed for level of IL-1beta, PGE(2) and VEGF with ELISA test. Data were analyzed with paired and unpaired t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-1beta, VEGF and PGE(2) levels were significantly lower in test compared to control group. Comparing first with second week of treatment, a greater decrease of IL-1beta and VEGF was evident in sample group during the second week. There was a lower decrease of IL-1beta and VEGF during the entire treatment in control group. Differences of PGE(2) levels after 7 days in both the groups were not significant while there was a significant difference during the second week.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The following data suggest that the use of AmF-SnF(2) could decrease the production of IL-1beta, PGE(2) and VEGF by inflammatory cells.AmF-SnF(2) could be an alternative to CHX mouth rinses in plaque control of patients with implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, Rome University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Carlo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quaranta
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Alberti
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Ronconi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quaranta
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
mesh_terms: D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014002:Tin Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D009067:Mouthwashes; D014002:Tin Fluorides; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C094808:amine fluoride solution; D015232:Dinoprostone; D002710:Chlorhexidine