title: Surfactant treatment of an infant with acute idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the successful use of surfactant for treatment of respiratory distress refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation in a 4-wk-old with pulmonary hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care center pediatric intensive care unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four-week-old infant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical improvement of respiratory distress as evidenced by 50% reduction in oxygenation index and subsequent extubation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulmonary hemorrhage is a rare but potentially fatal condition in children. Previously described therapeutic approaches include high-frequency oscillation ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Infants with pulmonary hemorrhage and respiratory distress may benefit from a trial of surfactant before escalating care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Tara M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Neumayr
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wylam
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouellette
mesh_terms: D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants