title: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is more effective than traditional transanal excision for resection of rectal masses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transanal endoscopic microsurgery, developed by Buess in the 1980s, has become increasingly popular in recent years. No large studies have compared the effectiveness of transanal endoscopic microsurgery with traditional transanal excision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1990 and 2005, 171 patients underwent traditional transanal excision (n = 89) or transanal endoscopic microsurgery (n = 82) for rectal neoplasms. Medical records were reviewed to determine type of surgery, resection margins, specimen fragmentation, complications, recurrence, lesion type, stage, and size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The groups were similar with respect to age, sex, lesion type, stage, and size. Mean follow-up was 37 months. There was no difference in the complication rate between the groups (transanal endoscopic microsurgery 15 percent vs. traditional transanal excision 17 percent, P = 0.69). Transanal endoscopic microsurgery was more likely to yield clear margins (90 vs. 71 percent, P = 0.001) and a nonfragmented specimen (94 vs. 65 percent, P < 0.001) compared with transanal excision. Recurrence was less frequent after transanal endoscopic microsurgery than after traditional transanal excision (5 vs. 27 percent, P = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is the technique of choice for local excision of rectal neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Fletcher Allen Health Care/University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05403, USA.
authors.forename: Jesse S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cataldo
authors.forename: Turner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osler
authors.forename: Neil H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Hyman
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome