title: Case studies in forensic soil examinations.
abstract: The examination and comparison of forensic soil samples is discussed. The origin of a simple and easy to learn procedure used and modified by the authors is reviewed. The process begins with a preliminary observation, removal of artifacts, and sieving of each specimen. A specific size fraction is split into three fractions for color matching, polarized light microscopy (PLM) examination (particle counting) and optional gradient comparison. Next, several cases are reviewed in which the modified method was used to evaluate the likelihood of common origin for questioned and known specimens.
authors.affiliation: New York City Police Department Crime Laboratory, Trace Evidence Unit, 150-14 Jamaica Avenue, Jamaica, NY 11432, United States. nlp101648@aol.com
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petraco
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kubic
authors.forename: Nicholas D K
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Petraco
mesh_terms: D003116:Color; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D010316:Particle Size; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014131:Trace Elements