Prognostic significance of immunohistochemical RhoA expression on survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a high-throughput analysis.
Among all human carcinomas, pancreatic cancer has one of the worst survival rates. Most patients will die of this cancer shortly after diagnosis, and currently, surgery is the only potential cure. Ductal adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic type. The search for prognostic parameters has progressed from mere physical or histomorphological tumor properties to molecular parameters. These, in turn, might point toward new therapeutic strategies. The K-ras oncogene is known to play a role in early stages of ductal adenocarcinoma carcinogenesis, and ras homologues are differentially expressed in cancerous versus normal ductal cells. RhoA belongs to a family of ras homologues comprising RhoA, RhoB, and RhoC. It is a guanosine triphosphatase associated with the cytoskeleton that seems to be involved in epithelial mesenchymal transition, a process of dedifferentiation. Immunohistologic RhoA expression was studied in a tissue microarray of 94 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and correlated with clinicopathologic parameters and follow-up. RhoA protein expression, measured as labeling intensity or evaluated as percentage of reactive tumor cells, correlated with overall survival. A multivariate analysis demonstrated that RhoA protein expression is independent from other known prognostic parameters such as tumor size or grade. Moreover, a score combining RhoA expression with tumor size and grade resulted in a highly significant increase in the prognostic value for the overall survival of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Dittert
Dag-Daniel
DD
Department of Pathology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, D 01307 Dresden, Germany. dag.dittert@uniklinikum-dresden.de
Kielisch
Christian
C
Alldinger
Ingo
I
Zietz
Christian
C
Meyer
Wolfdietrich
W
Dobrowolski
Frank
F
Saeger
Hans-Detlev
HD
Baretton
Gustavo Bruno
GB
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C066737:RHOA protein, human; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein