Our experience with surgical treatment of lesions of nervus facialis.
OBJECTIVE
The study presents the results of reconstruction surgery of lesions on n. facialis with n. hypoglossus and n. accessorius performed in our clinic.


METHODS
10 patients were treated by anastomosis of n. facialis with n. hypoglossus (HFA), 1 patient by anastomosis of n. facialis with n. accessorius (AFA). All operations were performed under the microscope; HFA and AFA anastomoses were sewed without tension at perineurium. The techique of suturation of facial nerves did not differ from the suturation of peripheral nerves in extremities. For the connection of n. VII-XII was not used plasma pasting. We did not use end to side anastomosis or reconstruction of n. VIIVII in pontocerebellar angle, in pyramid, or symetrical anastomoses of n. VII-VII, in any case. The results were objectivized by a VI grade Brudny's modification of House-Brackman classification introduced originally for scaling of the outcome of HFA anastomosis. In this study, this classification has been used for the objectivization of AFA anastomosis results.


RESULTS
Reconstruction surgery by HFA and AFA resulted in all cases in grade III of the scale. Glossal hemiatrophy or atrophy of m. sternocleidomastoideus and m. trapesius were observed in patients treated by cross anastomosis with n. hypoglossus or n. accessorius. In patients treated by HFA and even more pronounced in patient with AFA anastomosis, minute synkineses in the region of labial angle, chin, also in the region of lower eyelid, occurred in the excited emotional state or during a long-lasting speech. Major diskincses were not observed in any of reported treatments. Recovery in older patients up to 60 years was coming more slowly, in one case after 6 months.


CONCLUSIONS
Compared to AFA anastomosis, HFA anastomoses resulted in improved mimics and synkineses present here were finer. We prefer HFA anastomosis also because the discomfort caused by atrophy of ni. trapesius and ni. sternocleidomastoideus was apparently more perceived by patient treated by AFA than the negative effects of hemiatrophy reported by patients treated by FIFA.
Matejcík
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V
Department of Neurosurgical Clinic of the Medical Faculty of Comenius University Academician L, Dérer Faculty Hospital, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Pénzesová
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G
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D004576:Electromyography; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007002:Hypoglossal Nerve / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*