title: Interaction of the cytochrome P4501A2, SULT1A1 and NAT gene polymorphisms with smoking and dietary mutagen intake in modification of the risk of pancreatic cancer.
abstract: Aromatic amines, N-nitroso compounds and heterocyclic amines are suspected human pancreatic carcinogens. Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2, N-acetyltransferase (NAT) 1, NAT2 and sulfotransferase (SULT) are enzymes involved in the metabolism of these carcinogens. To test the hypothesis that genetic variations in carcinogen metabolism modify the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC), we investigated the effect of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CYP1A2, NAT1, NAT2 and SULT1A1 gene on modification of the risk of PC in a hospital-based study of 755 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and 636 healthy frequency-matched controls. Smoking and dietary mutagen exposure information was collected by personal interviews. Genotypes were determined using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and Taqman methods. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis. We observed no significant main effects of any of these genes on the risk of PC. The CYP1A2 and NAT1 but not SULT1A1 and NAT2 genotypes showed significant interactions with heavy smoking in women not men. In contrast, a significant interaction between NAT1 genotype and dietary mutagen intake on modifying the risk of PC were observed among men but not women. The OR (95% CI) of PC was 2.23 (1.33-3.72) and 2.54 (1.51-4.25) for men having the NAT1*10 and a higher intake of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and benzo[a]pyrene, respectively, compared with individuals having no NAT1*10 or a lower intake of these dietary mutagens. These data suggest the existence of gender-specific susceptibility to tobacco carcinogen and dietary mutagen exposure in PC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Doll
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Manal M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Rena S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bondy
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Abbruzzese
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D015239:Arylsulfotransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000209:etiology; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000235:genetics*; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009153:Mutagens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009153:Mutagens; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C089384:N-acetyltransferase 1; C478900:NAT2 protein, human; D015239:Arylsulfotransferase; C117544:SULT1A1 protein, human