Molecular pharmacodynamics, clinical therapeutics, and pharmacokinetics of topiramate.
Topiramate (TPM; TOPAMAX) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug (AED) that is approved in many world markets for preventing or reducing the frequency of epileptic seizures (as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy), and for the prophylaxis of migraine. TPM, a sulfamate derivative of the naturally occurring sugar D-fructose, possesses several pharmacodynamic properties that may contribute to its clinically useful attributes, and to its observed adverse effects. The sulfamate moiety is essential, but not sufficient, for its pharmacodynamic properties. In this review, we discuss the known pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of TPM, as well as its various clinically beneficial and adverse effects.
Shank
Richard P
RP
Research & Early Development, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania 19477-0776, USA.
Maryanoff
Bruce E
BE
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D017661:Receptors, Presynaptic / Q000187:drug effects; D000077236:Topiramate
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D017661:Receptors, Presynaptic; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose