title: Association between atherosclerosis and urothelial tumors of the renal pelvis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An association between the prevalence of general and local atherosclerosis and various types of cancer has previously been reported. The present study therefore aimed to morphometrically compare atherosclerotic changes in kidneys with urothelial carcinomas of the renal pelvis and tumor-negative renal tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  The intima-to-media ratio (IMR), which is the most sensitive marker for the degree of atherosclerosis, was evaluated in arteries (n = 492) of non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma (n = 128), invasive urothelial carcinoma (n = 168) and tumor-negative renal specimens (n = 196).
  
  
  RESULTS
  IMR was significantly higher and more often exceeded 1 in invasive and non-invasive urothelial carcinomas than in tumor-negative specimens. Furthermore, in invasive urothelial carcinomas IMR was significantly higher in immediately peritumorous arteries than in more distant arteries. Moreover, IMR correlated weakly with age and renal parenchymal inflammation but not with peritumorous inflammation, coronary heart disease (CHD) or gender.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local atherosclerosis was more pronounced in tumor-positive than in tumor-negative renal specimens. IMR > 1 was significantly associated with urothelial tumors and the overall odds of having a urothelial tumor were significantly greater for patients with an IMR > 1 than for patients with an IMR < or = 1, supporting the view that patients with local atherosclerotic lesions are at elevated risk for urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020, Salzburg, Austria. hager.martina@gmx.at
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hager
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mikuz
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haufe
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kolbitsch
authors.forename: Katharina B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Moser
authors.forename: Patrizia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Moser
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy; D015995:Prevalence; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000473:pathology