title: Magnetic resonance imaging findings in acute canine distemper virus infection.
abstract: Demyelination is the prominent histopathological hallmark in the acute stage of canine distemper virus infection. Magnetic resonance imaging is an important diagnostic tool in human beings to determine demyelination in the brain, for example in multiple sclerosis. Five young dogs with clinically suspected canine distemper virus infection were subjected to magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Hyperintense lesions and loss of contrast between grey and white matter were detected in T2-weighted images in the cerebellum and/or in the brainstem of three dogs, which correlated with demyelination demonstrated in histopathological examination. Furthermore, increased signal intensities in T2-weighted images were seen in the temporal lobe of four dogs with no evidence of demyelination. Magnetic resonance imaging seems to be a sensitive tool for the visualisation of in vivo myelination defects in dogs with acute canine distemper virus infection. Postictal oedema and accumulation of antigen positive cells have to be considered an important differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bathen-Noethen
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Puff
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Baumgaertner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tipold
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000473:pathology; D002452:Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D004216:Distemper / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004217:Distemper Virus, Canine / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004285:Dogs; D037901:Euthanasia, Animal; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins