title: Tetrandrine suppresses LPS-induced astrocyte activation via modulating IKKs-IkappaBalpha-NF-kappaB signaling pathway.
abstract: Astrocyte activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many neurological diseases. These reactive astrocytes are capable of producing a variety of proinflammatory mediators and potentially neurotoxic compounds, such as nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta). In this study, we examined the suppressive effects of Tetrandrine (TET) on astrocyte activation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. We found that TET decreased the release of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1beta in LPS-activated astrocytes. Also mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were inhibited in TET pretreated astrocytes. Such suppressive effects might be resulted from the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation through downregulating IkappaB kinases (IKKs) phosphoration, which decreased inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappaB-alpha (IkappaBalpha) phosphoration and degradation. Our results suggest that TET acted to regulate astrocyte activation through inhibiting IKKs-IkappaBalpha-NF-kappaB signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Shu-Ting
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: De-Chun
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ling-Yun
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054405:Chemokine CCL3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D044182:Benzylisoquinolines; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606206:Nfkbia protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; C009438:tetrandrine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase