title: Apple polyphenol extracts prevent aspirin-induced damage to the rat gastric mucosa.
abstract: Aspirin causes gastroduodenal ulcers and complications. Food bioactive compounds could exert beneficial effects in the gastrointestinal tract. We evaluated whether apple polyphenol extract (APE) reduced aspirin-induced injury to the rat gastric mucosa. Rats were treated with APE (10(-4) m catechin equivalent) before oral aspirin (200 mg/kg). Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) and heparin-binding epidermal-growth-factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) mRNA and protein expression were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively; malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined by HPLC; gastric secretion was evaluated in pylorus-ligated rats. APE decreased acute and chronic aspirin injury both macroscopically and microscopically (approximately 50 % decrease in lesion score; P < 0.05). Aspirin up-regulated mRNA and protein expression of COX-2 and HB-EGF, but not of TGF alpha; APE reduced aspirin-induced mRNA and protein over-expression of COX-2 and HB-EGF; aspirin significantly increased gastric MDA and this effect was counteracted by APE pre-treatment. APE did not significantly affect gastric acid secretion. In conclusion, APE reduces aspirin-induced gastric injury independently of acid inhibition. We speculate that APE might be of therapeutic use in the prophylaxis of aspirin-related gastropathy.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Sperimentale, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy. dargenio@unina.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Argenio
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mazzone
authors.forename: Concetta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tuccillo
authors.forename: Ilenia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grandone
authors.forename: Antonietta G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Gravina
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Graziani
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fogliano
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D001682:Biological Availability; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D066257:Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005419:Flavonoids; C587885:Hbegf protein, rat; D066257:Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C489691:Ptgs2 protein, rat; D001241:Aspirin