title: Pneumonectomy after chemotherapy: morbidity, mortality, and long-term outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Results of pneumonectomy after chemotherapy are controversial, and the procedure is often considered as potentially dangerous.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of patients who underwent pneumonectomy after chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer in a single institution in a 6-year period were reviewed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred eighteen patients had pneumonectomy after chemotherapy. Indications for preoperative chemotherapy were N2 disease, 74; potentially resectable T4 disease, 17; doubtful resectability, 18; stage IV disease (nodule on another ipsilateral lobe), 4; and participation in a randomized trial on induction chemotherapy in initial stages, 5. Chemotherapy protocols were platinum-based. Imaging reevaluation showed complete, partial, minor response, and disease stability in 0, 24, 39, and 55 patients, respectively. Operative mortality was 5.9% (7 of 118), consisting of 4 of 54 after pneumonectomy, and 3 of 64 after left pneumonectomy. Bronchopleural fistula caused one death. No factor among those evaluated (sex, age, comorbidities, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, symptoms, side and location of tumor; indication for operation, number of cycles, and response to chemotherapy; extent of resection, TNM status, pathologic stage) predicted postoperative death. Median and overall 5-year survival was 22 months and 23.7%, respectively. At univariate analysis, pathologic stage, T status, and the occurrence of postoperative complications influenced 5-year survival. At multivariate analysis, T status (p = 0.0054), the occurrence of postoperative complications (p = 0.0015), and clinical response to induction chemotherapy (p = 0.028) were identified as independent predictors of 5-year survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pneumonectomy after chemotherapy has acceptable mortality. Long-term results are encouraging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France. marcoalifano@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alifano
authors.forename: Mohamed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Boudaya
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvi
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Collet
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dinu
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Camilleri-Broët
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Régnard
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005602:France; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000401:mortality*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016190:Carboplatin; D002945:Cisplatin