title: Molecular characterization, phylogeny, and expression of c-type and g-type lysozymes in brill (Scophthalmus rhombus).
abstract: Lysozymes are key proteins of the innate immune system against bacterial infections. In this study we report the molecular cloning and characterization of the c-type and g-type lysozymes in brill (Scophthalmus rhombus). Catalytic and other conserved residues required for functionality were identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed distinct evolutionary histories for each lysozyme type. Expression profiles of both lysozyme genes were studied in juvenile tissues using a real-time PCR approach. c-Type lysozyme was expressed mainly in stomach and liver, whereas the g-type was detected in all tissues with highest mRNA levels observed in the spleen. Induction experiments revealed that g-type transcripts increased significantly in head kidney after lipopolysaccharide (25- and 23-fold at 12 and 24h, respectively) and Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (17-fold at 24h) treatments. In contrast, no induction was observed for c-type lysozyme. All these data suggest that g-type lysozyme is involved in the response against bacterial infections, whereas c-type lysozyme may also play a role in digestion.
authors.affiliation: IFAPA Centro El Toruño, Consejería de Innovación Ciencia y Empresa, Junta de Andalucía, Molecular Biology Laboratory, Camino Tiro de pichón s/n, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Cantizano
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Infante
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martin-Antonio
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ponce
authors.forename: Ismael
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hachero
authors.forename: Jose Ignacio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Navas
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manchado
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D005412:Flatfishes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009113:Muramidase / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D010776:Photobacterium / Q000276:immunology; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009113:Muramidase