title: Laboratory methods for assessing vaccine potency retained in aerosol outputs from nebulizers: application to World Health Organization measles aerosol project.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laboratory methods for measuring vaccine potency of nebulized aerosol are required to support clinical trials of measles aerosol vaccination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measles vaccine containing the Edmonston Zagreb virus strain was reconstituted in sodium fluoride as tracer and nebulized from three devices. Emitted aerosol was collected using an impinger. Aliquots were removed from the impinger chamber for vaccine virus plaque assay and for fluoride measurement to determine aerosol output.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vaccine potency retention results were adjusted to take into account the effect of aerosol output on estimates. Adjusted potency of nebulized vaccine ranged from 88% to 102%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New laboratory methods to measure aerosol vaccine potency retention were reliable and accurate. The results demonstrated that Edmonston Zagreb vaccine remains robust during aerosolisation and imply that this is a viable candidate for further evaluation in the measles aerosol project.
authors.affiliation: Virus Reference Department, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, United Kingdom. Bernard.cohen@hpa.org.uk
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Parry
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Dennis
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000336:Aerosols / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008457:Measles / Q000517:prevention & control; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000592:standards*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D050296:Microbial Viability; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay / Q000379:methods*; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D008458:Measles Vaccine