title: Nocardia exalbida brain abscess in a patient with follicular lymphoma.
abstract: Nocardial brain abscess is a rare but severe complication in patients with malignancy. Nocardia exalbida was isolated in Japan and characterized within the genus Nocardia. We present the first report of N. exalbida brain abscess in a 63-year-old male patient with follicular lymphoma. He developed abnormal neurological findings during follicular lymphoma treatment, brain CT revealed ring-enhancing, multiloculated lesions, and N. exalbida was detected by aspiration of the lesion. He was successfully treated with trimethoprime-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and meropenem without craniotomy or repeat aspirations. It should be noted that such an infection can occur in patients treated with conventional chemotherapy against malignant lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. ykkobaya@ncc.go.jp.
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sung-Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.affiliation: Medical Mycology Research Center (MMRC), Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuzuru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.affiliation: Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kensei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tobinai
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001922:Brain Abscess / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009615:Nocardia; D009617:Nocardia Infections / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012074:Remission Induction; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone