title: Vigabatrin in the treatment of childhood epilepsy: a retrospective chart review of efficacy and safety profile.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the efficacy, cognitive outcome and safety profile in children treated with vigabatrin (VGB) for infantile spasms (IS) and partial epilepsies related to tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and other etiologies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of children followed in the Pediatric Epilepsy Program of Massachusetts General Hospital for Children between May 2001 and March 2006 who were treated with VGB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-four children were treated with VGB, 68 of them were treated for IS, and 59 were treated for partial seizures (PS). Etiology (TSC or other) was the only predictive factor for IS control with VGB (p < 0.0003). IS control was achieved in 73% of children with TSC and 27% of children with other etiologies (combined 56%). Partial onset seizures were controlled in 34% of all children, (17% seizure free,17%reduction in seizure frequency >50%) and no predictive factor was found. Shorter time from seizure onset to VGB treatment (p < 0.027) and longer total time on VGB (p < 0.045) was associated with better IQ-developmental quotient (DQ) outcome in children treated for IS, but not with IS control. Adverse events were seen in 13%. Electroretinogram and/or behavioral visual field (VF) testing was done in 52%. VGB was discontinued in one case due to abnormal electroretinogram (ERG) findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We confirm the efficacy of VGB in the treatment of IS and PS in an American population. VGB may improve cognitive outcome in the absence of complete IS control, but this finding is of uncertain clinical significance. VGB was well tolerated, and ophthalmologic side effects were uncommon.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Epilepsy Service, Neurology Department, Massachusettes General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. scamposano@partners.org
authors.forename: Susana E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Camposano
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Major
authors.forename: Elkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Halpern
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Thiele
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D004596:Electroretinography; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D013036:Spasms, Infantile / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D020888:Vigabatrin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D020888:Vigabatrin