Oncolytic virotherapy as a personalized cancer vaccine.
Oncolytic virotherapy has demonstrated multimodal antitumor mechanisms in both preclinical and clinical settings for cancer treatment, including antitumor immunity. Compared with conventional immunotherapy, oncolytic viruses have the advantages of simultaneous cytoreduction and conferring personalized anticancer immunity, but without the need of personalized manufacture. Additionally, oncolytic viruses can be further engineered to delete immunosuppressive viral components and to insert transgenes that enhance antitumor immunity. Finally, combination with new immunomodulating agents (e.g., cyclophosphamide) or cell therapy approaches will likely further augment specific antitumor immunity of virotherapy. Virotherapy could become a new paradigm for potent, safe and practical therapeutic vaccines for cancer.
Li
Qi-Xiang
QX
iTherX Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 10790 Roselle Street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. li@itherx.com
Liu
Guohong
G
Wong-Staal
Flossie
F
D000818:Animals; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000494:pharmacology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D050130:Oncolytic Virotherapy / Q000379:methods; D019076:Transgenes / Q000276:immunology; D015854:Up-Regulation
D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide