title: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) polymorphisms and prostate cancer in the CPS-II Nutrition Cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The HDL-associated enzyme paraoxonase 1 acts to decrease oxidative stress, which is thought to contribute to cancer development. PON1, which encodes paraoxonase 1, has two common, nonsynonymous SNPs that alter the activity of this enzyme and may influence cancer risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the association the nonsynonymous SNPs, Q192R and L55M, with prostate cancer risk in a nested case-control analysis of 1,268 cases and 1,268 matched controls from the American Cancer Society CPS-II Nutrition Cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both the Q192R and L55MSNPs, the presence of the variant allele was associated with an increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer that approached statistical significance. The genotype combination that included one variant allele from both SNPs (QR/LM) was associated with an increased risk of more than twofold (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.31, 3.64).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the Q129R and the L55M SNP may be associated with increased risk of aggressive prostate, perhaps through attenuation of paraoxonase l activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Surveillance Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. victoria.stevens@cancer.org
authors.forename: Victoria L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Talbot
authors.forename: Alexandre L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Pavluck
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Thun
authors.forename: Eugenia E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Calle
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000570:American Cancer Society; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human