title: Polyomavirus infection of the urinary tract presenting as hemorrhagic cystitis in an immunocompetent five-year-old boy.
abstract: Human polyomavirus infection, which can be detected morphologically on Pap-stained routine urine cytology specimens, is most commonly encountered in immunocompromised patients and is a well-described complication of renal transplantation. We present a case of an immunocompetent 5-year-old boy with a sudden onset of dysuria and hematuria due to a self-limited polyomavirus urinary tract infection detected on routine urine cytology and confirmed with real-time PCR. Although rare cases of nonhemorrhagic cystitis have been reported, to the best of our knowledge this is the first case of hemorrhagic cystitis occurring in this setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756-0001, USA. jorge.gonzalez@hitchcock.org
authors.forename: Jorge L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Suellen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balestra
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Schned
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Gutmann
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Tsongalis
mesh_terms: D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003556:Cystitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine / Q000821:virology; D006417:Hematuria / Q000175:diagnosis; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011120:Polyomavirus / Q000472:pathogenicity; D027601:Polyomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine / Q000821:virology; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D014556:Urine / Q000166:cytology