title: Ultrasonography: highly accuracy technique for preoperative localization of parathyroid adenoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluates the accuracy of ultrasonography in guided unilateral parathyroidectomy to treat primary hyperparathyroidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred fifty-three patients with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent preoperative ultrasonography. Two groups were defined. Group 1 included the patients in whom the preoperative cervical ultrasound localized one abnormal parathyroid gland; these patients underwent unilateral surgical exploration of the neck under local anesthesia. Group 2 included the patients who had a bilateral neck exploration under general anesthesia when the preoperative examination was equivocal or failed to localize the lesion, when concomitant thyroid pathology indicated thyroidectomy, and when justified by the surgical findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity and positive predictive value of ultrasonography in detecting abnormal parathyroid gland were 96% and 98%, respectively. Cervical ultrasound correctly identified, 96% and 85% of abnormal glands in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The presence of thyroid nodular disease did not affect ultrasonographic accuracy. Sonographic examination decreased the operative time of parathyroidectomy to an average of 15 minutes. Mediastinal and retroesophageal localizations of abnormal parathyroid gland adversely affected the accuracy of the ultrasound. No cervical hematoma was noted. Transient recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy occurred in four patients. Twenty-three patients required postoperative calcium supplementation for 2 to 4 months, and all were normocalcemic at follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cervical ultrasound is a reliable preoperative exploration allowing parathyroidectomy via unilateral approach under local anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon. dbabboud@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Bassam
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Abboud
authors.forename: Ghassan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sleilaty
authors.forename: Lara
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rabaa
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Daher
authors.forename: Hicham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abou Zeid
authors.forename: Hicham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jabbour
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hachem
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smayra
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*