title: Urinary trypsin inhibitor ameliorates renal tissue oxygenation after ischemic reperfusion in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to determine the mechanism of the protective effect of a urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) on renal ischemic reperfusion injury, we measured the tissue oxygen partial pressure pO2 in both the renal cortex and medulla in rats, using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry.
  
  
  METHODS
  We allocated the rats to three groups: normal saline (NS) group, a UTI 50,000 U x kg(-1) (LD) group, and a UTI 150,000 U x kg(-1) (HD) group, with the normal saline and UTI being administered 30 min before ischemia. Renal ischemia was achieved by inflating the balloon of a vascular occluder that had been placed around the abdominal aorta just above the bifurcation of the renal artery. Cortical and medullary pO2 were measured every 10 min during ischemia (30 min) and reperfusion (60 min) by EPR oximetry; also, systemic cardiopulmonary parameters were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pO2 in the cortex and medulla decreased to less than 2 mmHg during ischemia in all groups. At 60 min after reperfusion, the pO2 values in the NS group were not fully restored, whereas those in the LD and HD groups were completely restored to the pre-ischemic values. There were no significant differences between the HD and LD groups. There were no differences between any groups in cardiopulmonary parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because UTI improved renal oxygenation after reperfusion without changing cardiopulmonary parameters, the pharmacological properties of UTI, such as its renal protection and anti-shock activity, may be explained in part, by this improvement in tissue oxygenation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Emergency Medicine, Kagawa University, School of Medicine, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taie
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chujo
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asaga
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwanaga
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maekawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000187:drug effects*; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors