title: Characterization of fowl adenoviruses isolated in Ontario and Quebec, Canada.
abstract: Fowl adenoviruses (FAdV) are generally considered ubiquitous, but certain serotypes and strains are known to be associated with primary diseases, such as inclusion body hepatitis (IBH). Fifty-two FAdV isolates were collected from the provinces of Ontario and Quebec over a 4-year period. These 2 provinces have the largest poultry industries in Canada. Except for one virus, which originated from a guinea fowl, all other viruses were isolated from chicken samples. Most of these were from broilers, although some were from broiler breeders, and one was from layer pullets. Thirty-four isolates were from clinical IBH cases with the final laboratory diagnosis of IBH; however, for 18 isolates, the varied case diagnosis was seemingly unrelated to FAdV. All IBH-associated viruses had deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) profiles compatible with FAdV species E (28 cases) or species D (6 cases), and the DNA fragment profiles of 26 species E viruses were indicative of serotype 8. Two viruses were serotype 6, as confirmed by virus neutralization. All species D viruses had a DNA profile similar to that of FAdV-2. The number of serotype 8 virus isolations has increased over the years, and by 2001 serotype 8 had become the dominant serotype in Ontario, and continues to be so. Moreover, this virus (FAdV-8) has shown a strong association with IBH.
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Laboratory, Laboratory Services Division, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario NIG 2W1.
authors.forename: Davor
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ojkić
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Krell
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuboly
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nagy
mesh_terms: D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D025681:Fowl adenovirus A / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006524:Hepatitis, Viral, Animal / Q000821:virology; D007181:Inclusion Bodies, Viral / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D009864:Ontario; D010802:Phylogeny; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D011792:Quebec
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral