Karyotypic analysis of bone marrow cells in pyodermic lesions associated with myelodysplastic syndrome.
BACKGROUND
Recalcitrant pyodermic lesions and neutrophilic dermatoses are often associated with subclinical myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In this case series, we assessed the diagnostic importance of karyotypic analysis of bone marrow cells in 4 patients with MDS-associated pyodermic eruptions treated at our university hospital. Karyotypic analysis was performed in bone marrow cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes obtained. Serum levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were measured.


METHODS
Four patients with pyodermic eruptions or neutrophilic dermatosis had chromosomal abnormalities in bone marrow cells, including del(20)(q11;q13.3) in 2 patients, trisomy 8 in 1 patient, and t(11;22)(q23;q11) in 1 patient. Three patients without morphologic findings suggestive of MDS were diagnosed as having refractory anemia. One female patient had refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts associated with del(20). Two patients with refractory anemia had a normal karyotype in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Two patients with elevated serum levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor had more active or widespread cutaneous diseases.


CONCLUSIONS
Karyotypic analysis of bone marrow cells, but not of peripheral blood lymphocytes, is essential in proving a diagnosis of MDS-associated pyodermic lesions. The overexpression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which may compensate for impaired hematopoiesis in patients with MDS, seems to be a key cytokine leading to neutrophilic infiltration.
Hamada
Toshihisa
T
Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. keijiiwa@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp
Matsuura
Hironori
H
Oono
Takashi
T
Morizane
Shin
S
Yamasaki
Osamu
O
Asagoe
Kenji
K
Yamamoto
Takenobu
T
Tsuji
Kazuhide
K
Iwatsuki
Keiji
K
D000328:Adult; D000740:Anemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000150:complications*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D011711:Pyoderma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014314:Trisomy
D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor