title: 'Physical or psychological?'- a comparative study of causal attribution for chronic fatigue in Brazilian and British primary care patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Causal attribution influences symptom experience, help-seeking behaviour and prognosis in chronic fatigue syndrome. We compared causal attribution of patients with unexplained chronic fatigue (UCF) in Brazil and Britain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary care attenders in São Paulo (n = 3914) and London (n = 2459) were screened for the presence of UCF. Those with UCF (São Paulo n = 452; London n = 178) were assessed for causal attribution (physical vs. psychosocial), perceived chronicity (i.e. reported duration of fatigue) and disability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  British UCF patients were more likely to attribute their fatigue to physical causes (adjusted odds ratio 1.70, P = 0.037) and perceived their fatigue to be more chronic (adjusted beta 0.15, P = 0.002). There was no significant difference in current disability (adjusted beta -0.01, P = 0.81).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite similar disability levels, UCF patients in different cultural settings presented different attributions and perceptions about their illness. Sociocultural factors may have an important role in shaping illness attribution and perception around chronic fatigue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. h.cho@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhugra
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wessely
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D015984:Causality; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003469:Culture; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D015673:Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008131:London; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011379:Prognosis; D012657:Self-Help Groups; D018582:Sick Leave; D012803:Sick Role; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires