title: Pediatric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma demonstrates a high proliferation index, frequent c-Myc protein expression, and a high incidence of germinal center subtype: Report of the French-American-British (FAB) international study group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) makes up 10-20% of pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and these patients have a significantly better prognosis than adults with DLBCL. The difference in prognosis may be related to clinical, phenotypic, and/or biological differences between adult and pediatric DLBCL. In adult DLBCL, the germinal center (GC) phenotype is associated with a better prognosis than the activated B-cell (ABC) phenotype. However, a high proliferative index and expression of Bcl2 and c-Myc protein have all been associated with worse outcomes. While multiple studies have addressed the phenotype and expression patterns of adult DLBCL, relatively little is known about these biological variables in pediatric DLBCL. The goal of this study was to investigate the proliferative index, the relative frequencies of the GC and non-GC subtypes, and the expression of Bcl2 and c-Myc protein in a cohort of children with DLBCL treated in a uniform manner.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) for MIB1, CD10, Bcl6, MUM1, Bcl2, and c-Myc on DLBCL tissue from children treated uniformly in the FAB LMB96 trial (SFOP LMB96/CCG5961/UKCCSG/NHL 9600).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to published adult DLBCL studies, pediatric DLBCL demonstrated moderate to high proliferation rates (83%), increased c-Myc protein expression (84%), decreased Bcl2 protein expression (28%), and an increased frequency of the GC phenotype (75%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that there are significant biologic differences between pediatric and adult forms of DLBCL, which may contribute to the superior prognosis seen in the pediatric population relative to adult disease.
authors.affiliation: University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA.
authors.forename: Rodney R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Miles
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raphael
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wotherspoon
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lones
authors.forename: Marie J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Terrier-Lacombe
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Patte
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerrard
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Auperin
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sposto
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Davenport
authors.forename: Mitchell S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cairo
authors.forename: Sherrie L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Perkins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002648:Child; D018858:Germinal Center / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000473:pathology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: C489427:MYC protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc