title: Functionalization of glassy carbon with diazonium salts in ionic liquids.
abstract: The paper reports on the chemical functionalization of glassy carbon electrodes with 4-bromobenzene (4-BBDT) and 4-(4'-nitrophenylazo)benzene diazonium tetrafluoroborate (4-NAB) salts in ionic liquids. The reaction was carried out at room temperature in air without any external electrical bias in either hydrophobic (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) or hydrophilic (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate) ionic liquids. The resulting surfaces were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. Electrochemical reduction of the terminal nitro groups allowed the determination of surface coverage and formation of an amine-terminated carbon surfaces. The results were compared to glassy carbon chemically modified in an aqueous solution in the presence of 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with the same diazonium salt. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy coupled with electrochemical measurements allowed to distinguish between the reduction of -NO2 to -NH2 group and the -N=N- to -NH-NH- bond.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Electrochimie et de Physicochimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces, CNRS-INPG-UJF, 1130 Rue de la Piscine, BP 75, 38402 St. Martin d'Hères Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Actis
authors.forename: Guilain
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caulliez
authors.forename: Galyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shul
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Opallo
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mermoux
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marcus
authors.forename: Rabah
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boukherroub
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szunerits