title: Circulating glucocorticoid bioactivity during peroral glucocorticoid treatment in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to investigate the changes in circulating glucocorticoid bioactivity (GBA) at the onset of systemic glucocorticoid therapy in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prednisolone (1 mg/kg/d) or budesonide (9 mg/d) was introduced as a single daily dose, and the patients (n=22) were subsequently followed up at 2 to 4 week intervals. The limit for a raised value of serum GBA was defined in pediatric patients (mean+2 SD; 118 nM cortisol equivalents; n=142).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two weeks of prednisolone brought about an increase in serum GBA from 84+/-14 to 336+/-38 nM cortisol equivalents (mean+/-SE; P<0.001). Young patients (<10 y) had similar GBA values to older patients, even though their prednisolone dose was higher (1.3 vs. 0.79 mg/kg; P<0.05). Patients treated with budesonide displayed a minor increase in GBA (151+/-20 vs. 267+/-21 nM cortisol equivalents after 4 wk of treatment; P<0.05; n=3), and when switched to prednisolone (n=2), their GBA level increased 3-fold. GBA levels did not predict the development of glucocorticoid-related side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prednisolone doses used in the treatment of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients elicit a 4-fold increase in serum GBA that is significantly higher than the increase induced by budesonide. The GBA measurement is an additional tool for assessing steroid therapy at an individual level during systemic glucocorticoid treatment.
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Children and Adolescents, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Marianne K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Vihinen
authors.forename: Taneli
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raivio
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verkasalo
authors.forename: Olli A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Jänne
authors.forename: Kaija-Leena
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kolho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D019819:Budesonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D019819:Budesonide; D011239:Prednisolone; D006854:Hydrocortisone