title: Transient bilateral blindness and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a rare complication of enuresis treatment.
abstract: Enuresis is a common paediatric problem which is sometimes treated with anticholinergic drugs. We report a 4-year-old girl who presented with acute bilateral blindness, a focal seizure and hypertension 10 days after commencing oxybutynin to treat enuresis. Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed features of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, a recognised but rare complication of hypertension in children. Discontinuing the oxybutynin leads to complete neurological recovery associated with normalisation of her blood pressure. We believe this case represents a rare complication of anticholinergic therapy. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a treatable and reversible cause of acute encephalopathy with blindness, as long as an early diagnosis is made.
authors.forename: Joceline A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Branson
authors.forename: Russell C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dale
mesh_terms: D001766:Blindness / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004775:Enuresis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054038:Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D008333:Mandelic Acids; C005419:oxybutynin