A randomized, placebo-controlled trial to assess the safety and acceptability of use of carraguard vaginal gel by heterosexual couples in Thailand.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the safety and acceptability of use of Carraguard, a carrageenan-derived candidate microbicide gel, during sexual intercourse in women and men.


METHODS
We conducted a 6-month randomized, placebo-controlled trial among sexually active, couples at relatively lower risk for HIV infection in northern Thailand.


METHODS
Women inserted 1 applicator of study gel vaginally every time the couple had sex. Safety was assessed by symptom report and genital examination of both partners and by changes in vaginal flora. Acceptability was assessed by participant interview.


RESULTS
Overall, 55 couples were randomized, 28 to Carraguard use and 27 to the methyl-cellulose placebo gel group. Retention and study gel use were similarly high in both study groups; use of gel without condoms was reported in more than 95% of vaginal sex acts. The 2 study groups were similar in the proportions of women and men with symptoms or with genital findings without epithelial disruption, of men with findings with epithelial disruption, and of women with abnormal genital flora, whereas more women in the placebo group had findings with epithelial disruption. Women and men in both groups reported that the gel and applicator were acceptable.


CONCLUSIONS
Carraguard can safely be used an average of 2 to 3 times per week during sex and is acceptable to Thai women and men.
Kilmarx
Peter H
PH
National Center for HIV, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. pbk4@cdc.gov
Blanchard
Kelly
K
Chaikummao
Supaporn
S
Friedland
Barbara A
BA
Srivirojana
Nucharee
N
Connolly
Cathy
C
Witwatwongwana
Paisit
P
Supawitkul
Somsak
S
Mock
Philip A
PA
Chaowanachan
Thanyanan
T
Tappero
Jordan
J
D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D020010:Heterosexuality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D008517:Phytotherapy; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies; D002351:Carrageenan