Multiple roles for protein palmitoylation in plants.
Palmitoylation, more correctly known as S-acylation, aids in the regulation of cellular functions including stress response, disease resistance, hormone signalling, cell polarisation, cell expansion and cytoskeletal organization. S-acylation is the reversible addition of fatty acids to proteins, which increases their membrane affinity. Membrane-protein interactions are important for signalling complex formation and signal propagation, protein sequestration and segregation, protein stability, and maintaining polarity within the cell. S-acylation is a dynamic modification that modulates the activity and membrane association of many signalling molecules, including ROP GTPases, heterotrimeric G-proteins and calcium-sensing kinases. Recent advances in methods to study S-acylation are permitting an in-depth examination of its function in plants.
Hemsley
Piers A
PA
School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol, BS8 1UG, UK. piers.hemsley@bristol.ac.uk
Grierson
Claire S
CS
D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D054878:Lipoylation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism
D010940:Plant Proteins; D014404:Tubulin; D000217:Acyltransferases; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases