title: Osmophobia in juvenile primary headaches.
abstract: This study was planned to investigate the prevalence of osmophobia in juvenile headache sufferers and to analyse the diagnostic utility of osmophobia in order to distinguish migraine without aura from episodic tension-type headache. We examined 305 consecutive patients presenting at our Paediatric Headache Centre. A semistructured questionnaire was given to 275 selected patients affected by migraine or tension-type headache. The prevalence of osmophobia during attacks was 18.5%, mainly in migraine patients (25.1%) vs. those with tension-type headache (8.3%). Osmophobia showed more specificity than phonophobia or photophobia in the differential diagnosis between migraine and tension-type headache. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that osmophobia resulted in a symptom with poor sensitivity (27.1%) but high specificity (92%) that could become a supportive diagnostic criterion even in children for the differential diagnosis between migraine without aura and tension-type headache.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Juvenile Headache Centre, Paediatric Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Corletto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dal Zotto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Resos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tripoli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zanchin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bulfoni
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Battistella
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009812:Odorants; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D018781:Tension-Type Headache / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*