title: Microbiology in the post-genomic era.
abstract: Genomics has revolutionized every aspect of microbiology. Now, 13 years after the first bacterial genome was sequenced, it is important to pause and consider what has changed in microbiology research as a consequence of genomics. In this article, we review the evolving field of bacterial typing and the genomic technologies that enable comparative analysis of multiple genomes and the metagenomes of complex microbial environments, and address the implications of the genomic era for the future of microbiology.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, 53100 Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Duccio
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Medini
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Serruto
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parkhill
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Relman
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donati
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moxon
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Falkow
authors.forename: Rino
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rappuoli
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004782:Environmental Health; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D023281:Genomics / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008829:Microbiology / Q000639:trends*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial