title: A multigenic approach to evaluating prostate cancer risk in a systematic replication study.
abstract: Although it is well known that multiple genes may influence prostate cancer risk, most current efforts at identifying prostate cancer risk variants rely on single-gene approaches. In previous work using mostly single-gene approaches, we observed significant associations (P < 0.05) for 6 of 46 polymorphisms in five genes in a Swedish prostate cancer case-control study population. We now report on the higher-order gene-gene interactions among those 46 genetic variants and the combined effect of the six polymorphisms with significant main effects for association with prostate cancer risk in 795 controls and 1,461 cases. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to evaluate higher-order gene-gene interactions. No interactions were confirmed by the result from logistic regressions. For the combined analysis, we tested the hypothesis that individuals carrying multiple copies of risk variants are at increased risk for prostate cancer. Individuals carrying more than eight copies of any risk variant were almost twofold more likely to get prostate cancer (OR = 1.99, P = 0.0014). A significant trend relationship was observed (P < 0.0001). In the present study, additive effects but not multiplicative effects among these six polymorphisms with significant main effects were observed.
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Genomics, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd., Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Fang-Chi
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindström
authors.forename: Jielin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wiklund
authors.forename: Shyh-Huei
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hans-Olov
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Adami
authors.forename: Aubrey R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Wennuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bälter
authors.forename: Jin Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Pär
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stattin
authors.forename: Bao-Li
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Grönberg
authors.forename: S Lilly
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers