title: Effects of diesel on survival, growth, and gene expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry.
abstract: Diesel spills are all too frequent disturbances of freshwater ecosystems, largely as a result of the quantities transported and consumed. Assessing the risk that such events may pose to aquatic life remains a difficult process, because of the complexity of this hydrocarbon mixture and our limited knowledge of its toxicity. A diesel spike experiment with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry was carried out to fill this knowledge gap. Survival, growth, and gene expression changes were assessed and toxicity thresholds were determined. Whereas the biological end points were consistent in the determination of (sub)lethal doses, microarrays supplied additional information on the mechanism of toxicity (oxygen deprivation) and potential long-term effects (feminization, immune system alterations) of diesel exposure on salmonids. Hemoglobins, prostaglandins, cytochromes, and gluthathion-S-transferases were among the molecular biomarkers proposed for use in future risk assessments based on microarray results. By bridging traditional toxicity testing with recent microarray technologies, this study shows the potential of genomics tools in ecotoxicity studies as well as industrial applications, including risk assessment, in the near future.
authors.affiliation: Hemmera, Fourth Floor 19 Bastion Square, Victoria BC V8W 1J1 Canada. LMos@Hemmera.com
authors.forename: Lizzy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mos
authors.forename: Glenn A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Kerrie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Serben
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Ben F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Koop
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity; D005742:Gasoline / Q000633:toxicity*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects; D007814:Larva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000254:growth & development*; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D005742:Gasoline