title: Cystatin C as a marker of cognitive function in elders: findings from the health ABC study.
abstract: We determined whether serum cystatin C, a novel measure of kidney function that colocalizes with brain beta-amyloid, is associated with cognition among 3,030 elders. Those with high cystatin C (n = 445; 15%) had worse baseline scores on Modified Mini-Mental State Examination or Digit Symbol Substitution Test (p <or= 0.02) compared with those with intermediate/low level and 7 years greater decline (p <or= 0.04). Incident cognitive impairment (decline >or=1.0 standard deviation) was greatest among those with high cystatin C (Modified Mini-Mental State Examination: 38 vs 25%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.37-2.69; Digit Symbol Substitution: 38 vs 26%; odds ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.15).
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. kristine.yaffe@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Kristine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yaffe
authors.forename: Karla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lindquist
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Shlipak
authors.forename: Eleanor
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simonsick
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosano
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satterfield
authors.forename: Hal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: B Gwen
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Windham
authors.forename: Manjula
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurella-Tamura
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D044469:Racial Groups; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins