title: Outcome of 2 different types of operative techniques practiced for chronic subdural hematoma in Malaysia: an analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traumatic chronic subdural hematomas in Malaysia are increasingly common in young patients after road traffic accidents as well as the elderly who fall at home. Most surgeons in this country manage these pathologies without irrigation, with only a drainage system. This has led to criticism that the recurrence rate might be higher when no irrigation is done and that rates are lower with irrigation and drainage. Thus, a study was done to look into the outcome of TCSH operated with and without irrigation, followed by drainage, to guide the surgeons in Malaysia as to what best could be done for these cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2 surgical treatments: burr hole drainage with irrigation and without irrigation based on the internal architecture of chronic subdural hematomas based on CT of the brain and their outcome in relation to their clinical parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 42 patients treated with the burr hole craniotomy without irrigation with drainage were compared to 40 patients with irrigation and drainage. In both groups, univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that good clinical outcome was associated with preoperative Markwalder grade and the presence of postoperative hematoma recurrence. There was no difference in good outcome between the 2 operative methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no significant difference between these 2 operative techniques in relation to outcomes whether good or bad. The recurrence rate was 12.2%. When either technique is done properly, no difference to the outcome is seen. Neurosurgeons or general surgeons in Southeast Asia may choose not to irrigate the chronic subdural space, although drainage placement is necessary afterwards.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia. deptneurosciencesppspusm@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Adam Mohd
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zakaraia
authors.forename: Johari Siregar
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Adnan
authors.forename: Mohamad Saffari Mohamad
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Haspani
authors.forename: Nyi Nyi
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Naing
authors.forename: Jafri Malin
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Abdullah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003399:Craniotomy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D020200:Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020127:Recovery of Function; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D016896:Treatment Outcome