The novel antioxidant edaravone: from bench to bedside.
Over the last decade, important advances have been made to support the fact that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated and play a harmful role during the acute and late stages of cerebral ischemia. Several drugs, such as radical scavengers and antioxidants, have been evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. Edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one; Radicut, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation) is a novel antioxidant that is currently used in Japan for the treatment of patients in the acute stage of cerebral infarction. Edaravone scavenges ROS and inhibits proinflammatory responses after brain ischemia in animals and humans. In particular, postischemic inflammation, leading to brain edema and infarction due to neuronal damage and endothelial cell death, can be ameliorated by edaravone. In addition to these antistroke effects, edaravone has also been shown to prevent oxidative damage to various extracerebral organs. Therefore, in addition to its usefulness in the treatment of stroke, edaravone is expected to play an integral role in the treatment of many oxidative stress-related diseases.
Watanabe
Toshiaki
T
Department of REDOX Medicinal Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. twata@phar.kyushu-u-ac-jp
Tahara
Munenori
M
Todo
Satoru
S
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D000077553:Edaravone; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000077553:Edaravone; D000983:Antipyrine