Enhanced pro-apoptotic and anti-adipogenic effects of genistein plus guggulsterone in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
Genistein (G), an isoflavone, and guggulsterone (GS), the active substance in guggulipid, have been reported to possess therapeutic effects for obesity. In the present study, we investigated the effects of combinations of G plus GS on apoptosis and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. In mature adipocytes, G and GS individually caused apoptosis, but combination of G plus GS significantly increased apoptosis, more than either compound alone. Furthermore, G plus GS caused a greater increase in procaspase-3 cleavage, Bax expression, cytochrome c release, and proteolytic cleavage of PARP than either compound alone. In maturing preadipocytes G and GS each suppressed lipid accumulation, but the combination potentiated the inhibition of lipid accumulation. These results suggest that combination of genistein and guggulsterone may exert anti-obesity effects by inhibiting adipogenesis and inducing apoptosis in adipocytes.
Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2771, USA.
Jeong-Yeh
JY
Yang
Mary Anne
MA
Della-Fera
Srujana
S
Rayalam
Suresh
S
Ambati
Clifton A
CA
Baile
D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004357:Drug Synergism; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D011282:Pregnenediones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
D011282:Pregnenediones; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D045304:Cytochromes c; C023617:pregna-4,17-diene-3,16-dione; D019833:Genistein; C499321:Parp1 protein, mouse; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D053148:Caspase 3