Determination of chlorine containing species in explosive residues using chip-based isotachophoresis.
A new method has been developed to allow the determination of the chlorate, chloride and perchlorate anions in inorganic explosive residues to be made using isotachophoresis (ITP). To enable a good separation of these species to be achieved the method involves the use of two complexing agents. Indium(III) is used to allow the determination of chloride whilst using nitrate as the leading ion and alpha-cyclodextrin is used to allow the separation of chlorate and perchlorate. Separations were carried out using a miniaturised poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) separation device. The method was applied to analysing both model samples and actual inorganic explosive containing residue samples. Successful determinations of these samples were achieved with no interference from other anions typically found in inorganic explosive residues. Limits of detection (LOD) for the species of interest were calculated to be 0.80 mg l(-1) for chloride, 1.75 mg l(-1) for chlorate and 1.40 mg l(-1) for perchlorate.
School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. j.prest@manchester.ac.uk
Jeff E
JE
Prest
Matthew S
MS
Beardah
Sara J
SJ
Baldock
Sean P
SP
Doyle
Peter R
PR
Fielden
Nicholas J
NJ
Goddard
Bernard J Treves
BJ
Brown
D002704:Chlorates / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002712:Chlorides / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002713:Chlorine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007204:Indium / Q000737:chemistry; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D047391:alpha-Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry
D002704:Chlorates; D002712:Chlorides; D053834:Explosive Agents; D010472:Perchlorates; D047391:alpha-Cyclodextrins; D007204:Indium; D002713:Chlorine; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; C494474:perchlorate; C032613:alpha-cyclodextrin