[Causes and mechanisms of systemic vasculitides].
Multiple mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic vasculitides: 1. vasculitides resulting from the deposition of circulating immune complexes, comprising polyarteritis nodosa associated with hepatitis B virus infection, cryoglobulinemia associated systemic with vasculitides, mainly the consequence of hepatitis C virus infection, and Schonlein Henoch purpura, which results from the deposition in the mesangium and vessels of IgA forming complexes; 2. vasculitides associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA), comprising Wegener's granulomatosis associated with anti-proteinase 3 ANCA, and microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss syndrome, associated with anti-myeloperoxydase ANCA. The pathogenic role of ANCA has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo in the case of anti-myéloperoxydase antibodies, whereas it has only been demonstrated in vitro in the case of anti-proteinase 3 antibodies; 3. polyarteritis nodosa unrelated to viral infection results from rheologic phenomenon that explain the localisation of vasculitis lesions at the bifurcation of arteries and the presence of microaneurysm.
Pôle de médecine interne, UPRES EA 4058, Université Paris Descartes, hôpital Cochin, Paris. luc.mouthon@cch.aphp.fr
Luc
L
Mouthon
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003449:Cryoglobulinemia / Q000150:complications; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004727:Endothelium / Q000502:physiology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000502:physiology; D014890:Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D011695:IgA Vasculitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D007223:Infant; D051379:Mice; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D010488:Polyarteritis Nodosa / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications
D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines