EBUS-TBNA for the diagnosis of central parenchymal lung lesions not visible at routine bronchoscopy.
BACKGROUND
Obtaining a tissue diagnosis of malignancy is challenging in patients with suspected lung cancer presenting with centrally located intrapulmonary masses.


OBJECTIVE
(1) To evaluate the yield of endobronchial ultrasound with real-time guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) for diagnosing centrally located lesions after a non-diagnostic conventional bronchoscopy. (2) To assess the impact of EBUS-TBNA on patient management for this indication.


METHODS
A retrospective analysis of a series of patients with a central parenchymal lung lesion suspected to be lung cancer who had been referred to three university hospitals for EBUS-TBNA to obtain a tissue diagnosis was undertaken. If EBUS-TBNA did not result in a formal pathological diagnosis of malignancy, patients were subsequently referred for a transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy or a surgical diagnostic procedure.


RESULTS
Sixty patients were investigated with EBUS-TBNA. The majority (82%) had a prior (non-diagnostic) flexible bronchoscopy. EBUS-TBNA was performed in an out-patient setting in 97%. With ultrasound, the primary lung lesion was observed in all cases. EBUS-TBNA confirmed lung cancer in 46 (77%). A final reference pathology diagnosis was available in 59 (98%) cases. The sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA for diagnosing lung cancer was 82% (95% confidence intervals (CI) 69-91%) with a negative predictive value of 23% (95%CI 5-53%). Based on the EBUS-TBNA findings, transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy or a surgical diagnostic procedure was cancelled in 47% and 30% of patients, respectively. No serious procedure-related complications were reported.


CONCLUSIONS
EBUS-TBNA is a sensitive tool for the diagnosis of centrally located primary lung cancer not visible at conventional bronchoscopy. Therefore, EBUS-TBNA can impact on patient management in this setting. However, the low negative predictive value indicates that a negative EBUS-TBNA result should be confirmed by other methods.


CONCLUSIONS
EBUS-TBNA can be considered as a diagnostic test in patients with a centrally located lung lesion after a previous non-diagnostic conventional bronchoscopy.
Tournoy
Kurt G
KG
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Lung Oncologic Network, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium. kurt.tournoy@UGent.be
Rintoul
Robert C
RC
van Meerbeeck
Jan P
JP
Carroll
Nicholas R
NR
Praet
Marleen
M
Buttery
Robert C
RC
van Kralingen
Klaas W
KW
Rabe
Klaus F
KF
Annema
Jouke T
JT
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods