Chemokines and neuromodulation.
Chemokines are not only mediators of the immune system and expressed in inflammatory situations. They are also constitutively expressed in the brain in both glial cells and neurons. Several recent evidence suggest that they can have a neurotransmitter/neuromodulatory role on brain functions similar to several neuropeptides reported so far. The aim of this short review is to illustrate that point using two chemokine systems, SDF-1/CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 and MCP-1/CCL2 and its receptor CCR2.
Mélik-Parsadaniantz
Stéphane
S
Unité mixte 732 INSERM, UPMC Paris 06, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France. parsadan@st-antoine.inserm.fr
Rostène
William
W
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000502:physiology*; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D054390:Receptors, CCR2 / Q000502:physiology*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000502:physiology*
D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4