Prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific antigen derivatives as predictors of benign prostatic hyperplasia progression.
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common urologic affliction in aging men, leading to adverse clinical outcomes in a significant proportion of the population. Serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been established as a marker for prostate cancer for the past two decades but more recently has been recognized as an equally important marker of BPH presence and progression. Over this time, the discovery and study of multiple isoforms of PSA have led to even more sensitive and specific methods to differentiate BPH from prostate cancer. Herein we review the expression, processing, and biochemistry of PSA and its derivatives and discuss the potential of these isoforms, both individually and in combination, to serve as determinants of BPH severity and progression.
Levitt
Jonathan M
JM
The Baylor Prostate Center, Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, 6560 Fannin Street, Suite 2100, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Slawin
Kevin M
KM
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen