Differential blockade of CRF-evoked behaviors by depletion of norepinephrine and serotonin in rats.
BACKGROUND
Central administration of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) elicits a specific pattern of behavioral responses resembling a stress-like state and is anxiogenic in rodent models of anxiety.


OBJECTIVE
Specific behaviors evoked by the administration of CRF were measured. The roles of CRF receptor subtypes and that of serotonergic and noradrenergic systems in mediating these responses were studied.


METHODS
Burying, grooming, and head shakes were quantified in rats following intracerebroventricular administration of CRF and urocortin II and after pretreatment with antagonists. The role of forebrain norepinephrine in the behavioral responses to CRF (0.3 microg) was examined following pretreatment with the neurotoxin DSP-4 and that of serotonin after depletion using systemic administration of para-chlorophenylalanine (p-CPA).


RESULTS
CRF at 0.3 and 3.0 microg caused robust increases in burying, grooming, and head shakes, but urocortin II was ineffective. Pretreatment with either antalarmin or propranolol significantly attenuated the CRF-evoked behaviors. Destruction of forebrain norepinephrine pathways blocked spontaneous burying behavior elicited by CRF and conditioned burying directed towards an electrified shock probe. In contrast, depletion of 5-HT selectively attenuated CRF-evoked grooming.


CONCLUSIONS
Overt behavioral responses produced by CRF, burying, grooming, and head shakes appeared to be mediated through the CRF(1) receptor. Spontaneous burying behavior evoked by CRF or conditioned burying directed towards a shock probe was disrupted by lesion of the dorsal noradrenergic bundle and may represent anxiety-like behavior caused by CRF activation of the locus ceruleus. In contrast, CRF-evoked increases in grooming were dependent on serotonin.
Howard
Owen
O
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, 125 South 31st Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Carr
Gregory V
GV
Hill
Tiffany E
TE
Valentino
Rita J
RJ
Lucki
Irwin
I
D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001596:Benzylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006120:Grooming / Q000187:drug effects; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008125:Locus Coeruleus / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000187:drug effects; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012919:Social Behavior; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D001596:Benzylamines; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D015016:Yohimbine; D012701:Serotonin; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; C012102:DSP 4; D009638:Norepinephrine