Diagnosis and treatment of secondary anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis in a red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis).
Anticoagulant rodenticides inhibit the activation of vitamin K-ependent clotting factors, resulting in fatal hemorrhage. Nontarget species are exposed to these rodenticides primarily by direct consumption of baits or secondarily by consumption of poisoned prey. The diagnosis of anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis is more challenging in birds than in mammals because of the limited availability of laboratory tests to evaluate avian coagulation. In addition, the presenting signs in birds may differ from those commonly seen in mammals. Treatment for acute blood loss and therapy with vitamin K1 can result in a favorable outcome in birds. This report describes the presenting signs, diagnosis, and successful treatment of a red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis) with secondary anticoagulant rodenticide toxicosis.
Wildlife Clinic, Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
Maureen
M
Murray
Florina
F
Tseng
D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000506:poisoning*; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D046428:Hawks; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D011041:Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D012378:Rodenticides / Q000506:poisoning*; D010837:Vitamin K 1 / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000925:Anticoagulants; D012378:Rodenticides; D010837:Vitamin K 1