Susto and nervios: expressions for stress and depression.
Folk illnesses that are cultural constructions of psychological distress offer a vehicle for the cross-cultural study of stress and stress-related morbidity. This study explores the relationship between the Latin American folk illnesses susto and nervios and mental health. We hypothesize that these folk illnesses are distinct and that there is a stronger association between current levels of stress and depressive symptoms with past experience of nervios than with susto, because the cultural constructions of these folk illnesses reflect chronic and acute concepts of distress, respectively. Interviews were conducted in Guadalajara, Mexico, where participants responded to questions about their socio-demographic characteristics, stress, depressive symptoms, and whether they had experienced susto or nervios. Susto and nervios are very prevalent and occur across sociodemographic subgroups, with the exception that nervios occurred more often in women (p < 0.05). Susto was significantly associated with stress and depressive symptoms (p < 0.05), but nervios had a much stronger association (p < 0.0001), even after controlling for gender. Susto and nervios were expressions of psychological distress; most of those with depression reported susto and/or nervios. This study validates the link between these folk illnesses and stress and depression and may, ultimately, facilitate cross-cultural research on stress.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1153, USA. sweller@utmb.edu
Susan C
SC
Weller
Roberta D
RD
Baer
Javier
J
Garcia de Alba Garcia
Ana L
AL
Salcedo Rocha
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001290:Attitude; D003469:Culture; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014825:Vocabulary