Buprofezin susceptibility survey, resistance selection and preliminary determination of the resistance mechanism in Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae).
BACKGROUND
Buprofezin has been used for many years to control Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Assessment of susceptibility change in the insect is essential for maintaining control efficiency and resistance management.


RESULTS
Eleven-year surveys showed that most field populations were susceptible before 2004. However, substantially higher levels of resistance (up to 28-fold) were found in most of the rice fields in China after 2004. A field population was collected and periodically selected for buprofezin resistance in the laboratory. After 65 generations (56 were selected), the colony successfully obtained 3599-fold resistance to buprofezin. Synergism tests showed that O,O-diethyl-O-phenyl phosphorothioate (SV1), piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and diethyl maleate (DEM) increased buprofezin toxicity in the resistant strain by only 1.5-1.6 fold, suggesting that esterases, P450-monooxygenases and glutathione S-transferases had no substantial effect on buprofezin resistance development.


CONCLUSIONS
The results from this study indicate that N. lugens has the potential to develop high resistance to buprofezin. A resistance management program with rotation of buprofezin and other pesticides may efficiently delay or slow down resistance development in the insect. Further investigation is also necessary to understand the resistance mechanisms in N. lugens.
Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Plant Disease and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture/Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
Yanhua
Y
Wang
Congfen
C
Gao
Zhiping
Z
Xu
Yu Cheng
YC
Zhu
Jiushuang
J
Zhang
Wenhong
W
Li
Dejiang
D
Dai
Youwei
Y
Lin
Weijun
W
Zhou
Jinliang
J
Shen
D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D006430:Hemiptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007300:Insect Control; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D013829:Thiadiazines / Q000494:pharmacology*
D013829:Thiadiazines; C083997:buprofezin