Incidence and risk factors for verrucae in women.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the incidence and risk factors for verrucae in HIV-infected and uninfected women.


METHODS
A prospective study of 1790 HIV-infected and 772 uninfected women. Skin examinations and interviews were performed every 6 months over an 8-year study period. Data collected at each visit included antiretroviral therapy use since the prior visit, CD4 counts, HIV RNA loads, and location, description, and diagnosis of verrucae. Incidence rates of cutaneous and anogenital warts were determined.


RESULTS
Unadjusted cumulative incidence of cutaneous warts for HIV-uninfected women was 6.6%, 6.7% for HIV-infected women who initiated HAART, and 8.4% for HIV-infected, HAART-naïve women. The unadjusted cumulative incidence of anogenital verrucae for HIV-uninfected women was 9.3%, 28.4% for HIV-infected women who initiated HAART, and 25.1% for HIV-infected women who were HAART-naïve. Multivariate proportional hazard models revealed the following significant factors for the development of cutaneous verrucae among HIV-infected women: Black race [relative hazard (RH) = 0.50] and Hispanic ethnicity (RH = 0.38), compared to White race. Risk factors for anogenital verrucae were: more recent recruitment (RH = 0.63), human papillomavirus infection at baseline (RH = 1.85), decade of age (RH = 0.82), current smoker (RH = 1.40), lowest CD4 count (per 100 cells/microl) in the past 4 years (RH = 0.85), and log10 higher HIV viral load at the prior visit (RH = 1.34).


CONCLUSIONS
HIV-infected women had a significantly increased cumulative incidence of anogenital verrucae compared to HIV-uninfected women. Although HAART did not alter the risk of developing skin or anogenital warts, those with higher CD4 cell counts and lower HIV RNA levels had a lower risk of developing anogenital warts.
University of California, San Francisco, California 94122, USA.
Jacqueline C
JC
Dolev
Toby
T
Maurer
Gayle
G
Springer
Marshall J
MJ
Glesby
Howard
H
Minkoff
Casey
C
Connell
Mary
M
Young
Karlene
K
Schowalter
Christopher
C
Cox
Nancy A
NA
Hessol
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014860:Warts / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*
D012367:RNA, Viral