Aquaporin 2 mutations in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Water reabsorption in the renal collecting duct is regulated by the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin (AVP). When the vasopressin V2 receptor, present on the basolateral site of the renal principal cell, becomes activated by AVP, aquaporin-2 (AQP2) water channels will be inserted in the apical membrane, and in this fashion, water can be reabsorbed from the pro-urine into the interstitium. The essential role of the vasopressin V2 receptor and AQP2 in the maintenance of body water homeostasis became clear when it was shown that mutations in their genes cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, a disorder in which the kidney is unable to concentrate urine in response to AVP. This review describes the current knowledge on AQP2 mutations in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Department of Physiology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Anne J M
AJ
Loonen
Nine V A M
NV
Knoers
Carel H
CH
van Os
Peter M T
PM
Deen
D000818:Animals; D051399:Aquaporin 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D018500:Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D005808:Genes, Recessive; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation
D051399:Aquaporin 2