Phase contrast soft x-ray microscopy using Zernike zone plates.
Soft x-ray Zernike phase contrast microscopy was implemented using a "Zernike zone plate" (ZZP) without the use of a separate phase filter in the back focal plane. The ZZP is a single optic that integrates the appropriate +/-pi/2 radians phase shift through selective zone placement shifts in a Fresnel zone plate. Imaging using a regular zone plate, positive ZZP, and negative ZZP was performed at a wavelength of lambda = 2.163 nm. Contrast enhancement with the positive ZZP and contrast reversal with the negative ZZP were observed.
Sakdinawat
Anne
A
1University of California San Francisco and University of California Berkeley Joint Graduate Group in Bioengineering, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. aesakdinawat@lbl.gov
Liu
Yanwei
Y
D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods