Two-log increase in sensitivity for detection of norovirus in complex samples by concentration with porcine gastric mucin conjugated to magnetic beads.
Human histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) have been identified previously as candidate receptors for human norovirus (NOR). Type A, type H1, and Lewis HBGA in humans have been identified as major HBGA for NOR binding. We have found that pig stomach (gastric) mucin (PGM) contains blood group A, H1, and Lewis b HBGA and binds to multiple strains of NOR more broadly than do specific antibodies to NOR. Both genogroup I (GGI) and GGII NOR strains were recovered by PGM-conjugated magnetic beads. A fecal sample containing GGII NOR was detected at a dilution of 1:1,000,000 by the standard RNA extraction procedure, whereas NOR in a 1:100,000,000 dilution could be concentrated by PGM-conjugated magnetic beads and NOR in spiked food samples (e.g., oyster extract, strawberry, raspberry, and lettuce) was captured by PGM, thus minimizing the reverse transcription-PCR inhibitors in food and increasing sensitivity.
Tian
Peng
P
Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, WRRC, ARS, USDA, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710-1105, USA. ptian@pw.usda.gov
Engelbrektson
Anna
A
Mandrell
Robert
R
D000818:Animals; D001789:Blood Group Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D049896:Crassostrea / Q000821:virology; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D031985:Fragaria / Q000821:virology; D005752:Gastric Mucins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018189:Immunomagnetic Separation / Q000379:methods*; D018545:Lactuca / Q000821:virology; D008863:Microspheres; D029322:Norovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D034421:Sus scrofa
D001789:Blood Group Antigens; D005752:Gastric Mucins; D012367:RNA, Viral