Mumps vaccination coverage and vaccine effectiveness in a large outbreak among college students--Iowa, 2006.
Following implementation of a routine childhood two-dose measles-mumps-rubella vaccination strategy, mumps disease levels dropped dramatically in the US and an elimination goal was set for 2010. However, a 2006 epidemic involved >5700 cases nationwide, with many reported among fully vaccinated college students. In an outbreak in two Iowa colleges, we investigated: (1) vaccination coverage using electronic records verified by provider records and (2) vaccine effectiveness assessed by comparison of dose-specific attack rates. Mumps was classified as typical (parotitis/orchitis) or atypical (parotid tenderness or submandibular/sublingual adenitis). Two-dose mumps vaccination coverage was 90% both for the student population (2128/2363) and case-students (97/108). Two-dose vaccine effectiveness was 76-88% with no significant difference for attack rates between one and two doses. Among two-dose vaccine recipients, 74% of the population (1482/2009) and 79% of the case-students (75/95) had received the second dose >10 years before. A large mumps outbreak occurred despite high two-dose vaccination coverage in a population most of whom had received the second dose >10 years before. Two-dose vaccine effectiveness was similar to previous one-dose estimates. Further studies are needed to examine the persistence of two-dose mumps vaccine-induced immunity and to determine whether US mumps elimination can be achieved with the current vaccination strategy.
Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, NE, MS A-47, Atlanta, GA, United States. mmarin@cdc.gov
Mona
M
Marin
Patricia
P
Quinlisk
Tom
T
Shimabukuro
Charu
C
Sawhney
Cedric
C
Brown
Charles W
CW
Lebaron
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007484:Iowa / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009107:Mumps / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D009108:Mumps Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D013334:Students; D013997:Time Factors
D009108:Mumps Vaccine