[Antiviral immunity in drosophila].
Viral diseases represent a constant threat and an important cause of mortality worldwide. We have developed a model to study the response to RNA virus infection in the fruit-fly drosophila. This insect is a good model to study the genetic bases of innate immunity, which constitutes the first level of host-defense in animals. We have shown that viral infection in drosophila triggers a response different from that to bacterial or fungal infections. Our data at this stage point to the existence of at least two types of antiviral defense mechanisms. On one hand, viral infection triggers a JAK-STAT dependent transcriptional response that leads to the expression of antiviral molecules that remain to be characterized. On the other hand, viral RNAs are recognized by Dicer-2 and degraded in siRNAs, thus inducing RNA interference and degradation of viral RNAs. Strikingly, the drosophila antiviral response evokes by some aspects the interferon response in mammals (JAK-STAT pathway) and antiviral defenses in plants (RNA interference).
Galiana-Arnoux
Delphine
D
UPR9022 CNRS Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire 15, rue René Descartes F-67000 Strasbourg.
Deddouche
Safia
S
Imler
Jean-Luc
JL
D000818:Animals; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000276:immunology; D004330:Drosophila / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007304:Insect Viruses / Q000276:immunology*; D053612:Janus Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D020365:RNA Helicases / Q000502:physiology; D034622:RNA Interference; D020871:RNA Stability; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000276:immunology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D043244:Ribonuclease III / Q000502:physiology; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D053612:Janus Kinases; C085845:hop protein, Drosophila; C478069:DCR-2 protein, Drosophila; D043244:Ribonuclease III; D020365:RNA Helicases