Impact of five annual rounds of mass drug administration with diethylcarbamazine and albendazole on Wuchereria bancrofti infection in American Samoa.
American Samoa began a territory-wide mass drug administration (MDA) program with diethylcarbamazine and albendazole in 2000 after baseline surveys indicated that 16.5% of 2,989 residents were infected with Wuchereria bancrofti based on tests for circulating filarial antigen. Follow-up surveys were conducted in 2001, 2003, and 2006, using convenience samples of residents of sentinel villages. Antigenemia prevalence in 2001 (11.5%) and 2003 (13.5%) showed no change. After the 2003 sentinel assessment, improvements were made in the social mobilization and drug distribution strategies. In 2006, after a total of 5 years of MDA and 3 years of improved MDA participation, the antigenemia prevalence dropped from 11.5% (2001) to 0.95% (2006) (P < 0.0001). In 2006, antigenemia prevalence was greater in males (1.5%) than females (0.4%) (P = 0.04). The decline in antigenemia prevalence shows the effectiveness of MDA and changes made in social mobilization and drug distribution.
Liang
Jennifer L
JL
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. JLiang@cdc.gov
King
Jonathan D
JD
Ichimori
Kazuyo
K
Handzel
Thomas
T
Pa'au
Molisamoa
M
Lammie
Patrick J
PJ
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015766:Albendazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018948:American Samoa / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004049:Diethylcarbamazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005368:Filariasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D014958:Wuchereria bancrofti / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D000871:Anthelmintics; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D015766:Albendazole; D004049:Diethylcarbamazine