Periodontal disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Serbia.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to evaluate periodontal health in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Serbia.


METHODS
Periodontal disease was clinically assessed and compared in 187 children and adolescents (6 to 18 years of age) with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 178 control subjects without diabetes.


RESULTS
Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus had significantly more plaque, gingival inflammation, and periodontal destruction than control subjects. The main risk factors for periodontitis were diabetes (odds ratio [OR] = 2.78; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.42 to 5.44), bleeding/plaque ratio (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.48), and age (OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.21). In case subjects, the number of teeth affected by periodontal destruction was associated with mean hemoglobin A1c (regression coefficient 0.17; P = 0.026), duration of diabetes (regression coefficient 0.19; P = 0.021), and bleeding/plaque ratio (regression coefficient 0.17; P = 0.021).


CONCLUSIONS
Compared to children and adolescents without diabetes, periodontal disease is more prevalent and widespread in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and depends on the duration of disease, metabolic control, and the severity of gingival inflammation. Gingival inflammation in young patients with diabetes is more evident and more often results in periodontal destruction.
Department of Dental Medicine, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.
Dragana
D
Dakovic
Milos D
MD
Pavlovic
D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000150:complications; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D015022:Yugoslavia
D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008055:Lipids; D013972:Thyrotropin