Translation at the single-molecule level.
Decades of studies have established translation as a multistep, multicomponent process that requires intricate communication to achieve high levels of speed, accuracy, and regulation. A crucial next step in understanding translation is to reveal the functional significance of the large-scale motions implied by static ribosome structures. This requires determining the trajectories, timescales, forces, and biochemical signals that underlie these dynamic conformational changes. Single-molecule methods have emerged as important tools for the characterization of motion in complex systems, including translation. In this review, we chronicle the key discoveries in this nascent field, which have demonstrated the power and promise of single-molecule techniques in the study of translation.
Marshall
R Andrew
RA
Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. andrew.marshall@stanford.edu
Aitken
Colin Echeverría
CE
Dorywalska
Magdalena
M
Puglisi
Joseph D
JD
D001671:Biochemistry / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D052898:Optical Tweezers; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors
D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D012343:RNA, Transfer