Nocardiosis: an overview and additional report of 28 cases in cattle and dogs.
Phenotypic characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and clinical-epidemiological features of 28 Nocardia strains isolated from 19 cases of bovine mastitis, eight cutaneous-subcutaneous lesions and one case of pneumonia in dogs were evaluated. Microbiological, biochemical, cytological and scanning electron microscopy methods were used in diagnosis. Nocardia asteroides type IV, Nocardia otitidiscaviarum,Nocardia nova (type III) and Nocardia farcinica (type V) were isolated from bovine milk, bronchial lavage and/or cutaneous-subcutaneous abscesses in dogs. Nocardial bovine mastitis was diagnosed predominantly in clinical cases, in dairy herds with poor environmental hygienic conditions between milking and inappropriate intramammary therapy. Canine nocardiosis was observed commonly in animals co-infected with distemper virus. Sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim (92.8%), amikacin (92.8%) and ceftiofur (92.8%) were the most effective drugs in 28 isolates. Multiple drug resistance to three or more and five or more antimicrobials was observed in ten (35.7%) and three (10.7%) strains, respectively, predominantly with use of cloxaxillin, cefoperazone and ampicillin. The species (type) classification, clinical-epidemiological characteristics, diagnosis, multiple-drug resistance and public health considerations in Nocardia strains isolated from cattle and dogs in Brazil are discussed, with special reference to report of bovine mastitis by N. otitidiscaviarum by first time in Brazil and the similarity between Nocardia species isolated from human and animal origin.
Departamento de Higiene Veterinária e Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. mgribeiro@fmvz.unesp.br
Márcio Garcia
MG
Ribeiro
Tatiana
T
Salerno
Ana Luiza de
AL
Mattos-Guaraldi
Thereza Cristina Ferreira
TC
Camello
Hélio
H
Langoni
Amanda Keller
AK
Siqueira
Antonio Carlos
AC
Paes
Marta Catarina
MC
Fernandes
Gustavo Henrique Batista
GH
Lara
D000038:Abscess / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001938:Brazil; D002417:Cattle; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000382:microbiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009615:Nocardia / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009617:Nocardia Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents