Calcium silicate coating derived from Portland cement as treatment for hypersensitive dentine.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the in vitro effectiveness on dentine permeability and dentine morphology of a calcium silicate treatment based on Portland cement (DSC).


METHODS
The experimental treatment consisted of a calcium silicate paste based on Portland cement that was applied on dentine surface for 3 min. A professional re-mineralizing treatment (GC Tooth Mousse), two in office desensitizing agents (D/Sense Crystal, and By Sealant) and a commercial toothpaste Dentosan S were studied as comparison materials. All materials were applied accordingly with manufacturer directions on wet dentine. The quantitative changes in the hydraulic conductance i.e., permeability through tubules of dentine discs samples produced by treatment were quantified in vitro using a hydrostatic device working at 6.9 kPa. SEM/EDX analyses of dentine were carried out to obtain qualitative information on dentine morphology and surface deposits and to study their relationship with the hydraulic conductance. After treatment, each dentine sample was immersed in artificial saliva and permeability re-evaluated. Finally, each sample was exposed to 0.02 M citric acid solution and the final permeability was assessed.


RESULTS
The experimental treatment and both oxalate-based products (D/Sense Crystal and By Sealant) significantly decreased dentine permeability and created crystals and precipitates on the dentine surface that reduced the diameter of dentinal tubules. Artificial saliva immersion and citric acid challenge increased dentine permeability and partially modified the treated surfaces. Dentosan S and GC Tooth Mousse treatments partially reduced dentine permeability and created small amount of precipitates that were removed by saliva immersion and citric acid exposure. EDX revealed the presence of calcium-rich layer after DSC experimental treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
The application of the experimental calcium silicate paste and oxalate-based treatments was determined to be effective on dentine permeability reduction and tubules occlusion. The clinical use as desensitizing agent of materials derived from Portland cement as desensitizing agent should be considered for dentine hypersensitivity treatment.
Gandolfi
Maria Giovanna
MG
Center of Biomineralogy, Crystallography and Biomaterials, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Italy. mgiovanna.gandolfi@unibo.it
Silvia
Farascioni
F
H
Pashley David
PD
Gasparotto
Giorgio
G
Carlo
Prati
P
D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D003460:Crystallization; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003741:Dental Deposits / Q000737:chemistry; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003806:Dentin Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000628:therapy*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D006801:Humans; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D017942:Nitric Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010070:Oxalates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010710:Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000494:pharmacology; D017640:Silicates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D014089:Tooth Remineralization; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use
D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002254:Carbonates; D002364:Caseins; C474197:D-Sense 2; C578268:D-Sense Crystal; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010070:Oxalates; D010710:Phosphates; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D017640:Silicates; D014100:Toothpastes; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; D019343:Citric Acid; D017942:Nitric Acid; C031293:calcium silicate; D002118:Calcium