Discrimination of Ganoderma lucidum according to geographical origin with near infrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and pattern recognition techniques.
A rapid and nondestructive near infrared (NIR) method combined with chemometrics was used to discriminate Ganoderma lucidum according to cultivation area. Raw, first, and second derivative NIR spectra were compared to develop a robust classification rule. The chemical properties of G. lucidum samples were also investigated to find out the difference between samples from six varied origins. It could be found that the amount of polysaccharides and triterpenoid saponins in G. lucidum samples was considerably different based on cultivation area. These differences make NIR spectroscopic method viable. Principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant partial least-squares (DPLS) and discriminant analysis (DA) were applied to classify the geographical origins of those samples. The results showed that excellent classification could be obtained after optimizing spectral pre-treatment. For the discriminating of samples from three different provinces, DPLS provided 100% correct classifications. Moreover, for samples from six different locations, the correct classifications of the calibration as well as the validation data set were 96.6% using the DA method after the SNV first derivative spectral pre-treatment. Overall, NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy using pattern recognition was shown to have significant potential as a rapid and accurate method for the identification of herbal medicines.
Chen
Yi
Y
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China.
Xie
Ming-Yong
MY
Yan
Yan
Y
Zhu
Shang-Bin
SB
Nie
Shao-Ping
SP
Li
Chang
C
Wang
Yuan-Xing
YX
Gong
Xiao-Feng
XF
D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005843:Geography; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012503:Saponins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
D011134:Polysaccharides; D012503:Saponins