[Causes and mechanisms of systemic vasculitides].
Multiple mechanisms contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic vasculitides: 1. vasculitides resulting from the deposition of circulating immune complexes, comprising polyarteritis nodosa associated with hepatitis B virus infection, cryoglobulinemia associated systemic with vasculitides, mainly the consequence of hepatitis C virus infection, and Schonlein Henoch purpura, which results from the deposition in the mesangium and vessels of IgA forming complexes; 2. vasculitides associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA), comprising Wegener's granulomatosis associated with anti-proteinase 3 ANCA, and microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss syndrome, associated with anti-myeloperoxydase ANCA. The pathogenic role of ANCA has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo in the case of anti-myéloperoxydase antibodies, whereas it has only been demonstrated in vitro in the case of anti-proteinase 3 antibodies; 3. polyarteritis nodosa unrelated to viral infection results from rheologic phenomenon that explain the localisation of vasculitis lesions at the bifurcation of arteries and the presence of microaneurysm.
Mouthon
Luc
L
Pôle de médecine interne, UPRES EA 4058, Université Paris Descartes, hôpital Cochin, Paris. luc.mouthon@cch.aphp.fr
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003449:Cryoglobulinemia / Q000150:complications; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004727:Endothelium / Q000502:physiology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000502:physiology; D014890:Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D011695:IgA Vasculitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D007223:Infant; D051379:Mice; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D010488:Polyarteritis Nodosa / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications
D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines