The diagnostic utility of the Heston index in gated SPECT to detect multi-vessel coronary artery disease.
OBJECTIVE
Although the Heston index, derived left ventricular (LV) volumetric analysis, is reported to best represent transient LV dilation on non-gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), its diagnostic performance has not been proven to identify extensive coronary artery disease (CAD) as assessed by coronary angiogram. Accordingly, we sought to evaluate the diagnostic utility of Heston index to detect multi-vessel CAD.


METHODS
Post-stress and resting electrocardiogram-gated 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT was performed in 223 patients with suspected or known CAD. All of the patients underwent coronary angiography within 3 months of gated SPECT. The summed stress, summed rest, and summed difference scores were calculated using a 20-segment model. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and ejection fraction (EF) were calculated automatically with the QGS program. In addition, stress-to-rest ratios of EDV, ESV, and (ESVx5+EDV) were calculated; the latter was defined as Heston index.


RESULTS
In the 104 patients with multi-vessel CAD, the summed stress score (17.5+/-10.0 vs. 11.7+/-9.2, p<0.001), the summed difference score (9.1+/-6.3 vs. 4.3+/-4.2, p<0.0001), the Heston index (1.17+/-0.15 vs. 1.02+/-0.13, p<0.0001), the stress-to-rest ratio of EDV (1.05+/-0.10 vs. 0.99+/-0.09; p<0.0001), and that of ESV (1.23+/-0.21 vs. 1.04+/-0.17; p<0.0001, respectively) were greater than in the 119 patients with one-vessel CAD or insignificant lesion. The best cut-off value was determined as 1.09 for Heston index, giving a sensitivity of 76%, specificity of 77% for detection of multi-vessel CAD. Multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that Heston index >or =1.09, summed stress score > or =14, and summed difference score > or =9 were the independent predictors of detecting multi-vessel CAD, yielding a sensitivity of 76% and specificity of 77% (global chi 2, 88.8).


CONCLUSIONS
The Heston index is simple and achieves higher diagnostic value in the detection of multi-vessel CAD, compared with conventional analysis alone.
Tanaka
Hirokazu
H
Department of Cardiology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. htanaka7@tokyo-med.ac.jp <htanaka7@tokyo-med.ac.jp>
Chikamori
Taishiro
T
Hida
Satoshi
S
Igarashi
Yuko
Y
Miyagi
Manabu
M
Ohtaki
Yuka
Y
Shiba
Chie
C
Hirose
Ken-ichi
K
Hatano
Tsuguhisa
T
Usui
Yasuhiro
Y
Yamashina
Akira
A
D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013318:Stroke Volume; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods
D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi