[Programs destined to decrease the chronic malnutrition. A review in Latin American].
Stunting affects 16% of children under 5 years old, in Latin America. This is a cumulative effect of poor diets and repeated episodes of infectious diseases. Our aim was to analyze the impact of nutrition programs oriented to increase food availability at the family level on the growth of under fives in Latin America. We included all evaluated and published interventions on food availability. An electronic and manual search of papers published between 1995-2005 in PUBMED, LILACS, SCIELO and international organizations, was performed. Three type of programs were identified: Conditioned Economical Transference Programs (CETP) (n= ), Complementary Feeding Programs (CFP) (n= ), and Food Security Programs (FSP) (n=). Operational deficiencies were reported, some of them being participants attrition, non acceptance of the food supplement or its dilution among other members of the family. Beneficiaries of CETP (<36 months) gained up to 1 cm while the CFP registered impact but only in the low socioeconomic children. Conversely, the (FSP) did not show the expected effects on growth. This reduced impact is understandable because in order to permit the development of the children's growth potential interventions should be directed to strike on poverty as the main mechanism of the children's hampered growth. Hence, the best results are obtained by coordinated programs that combat poverty optimizing the intervention's continuity and management and give priority to the most vulnerable groups.
Galván
Marcos
M
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, México.
Amigo
Hugo
H
D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009313:National Health Programs; D015397:Program Evaluation