Thermodynamic evidence for nanoscale bose-einstein condensation in (4)He confined in nanoporous media.
We report the measurements of the heat capacity of (4)He confined in nanoporous Gelsil glass that has nanopores of 2.5-nm diameter at pressures up to 5.3 MPa. The heat capacity has a broad peak at a temperature much higher than the superfluid transition temperature obtained using the torsional oscillator technique. The peak provides definite thermodynamic evidence for the formation of localized Bose-Einstein condensates on nanometer length scales. The temperature dependence of the heat capacity is described well by the excitations of phonons and rotons, supporting the existence of localized Bose-Einstein condensates.
Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan.
Keiichi
K
Yamamoto
Yoshiyuki
Y
Shibayama
Keiya
K
Shirahama