Transcriptional switches in the control of macronutrient metabolism.
This review shows how some transcription factors respond to alterations in macronutrients. Carbohydrates induce enzymes for their metabolism and fatty acid synthesis. Fatty acids reduce carbohydrate processing, induce enzymes for their metabolism, and increase both gluconeogenesis and storage of fat. Fat stores help control carbohydrate uptake by other cells. The following main transcription factors are discussed: carbohydrate response element-binding protein; sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, cyclic AMP response element-binding protein, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma.
Wise
Alan
A
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences at The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, United Kingdom. alan.wise@rgu.ac.uk
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014157:Transcription Factors