First-generation epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer: clinical impact of the epidermal growth factor receptor fluorescence in situ hybridization assay.
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors have been proven to improve survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients, even after failure of previous chemotherapy. However, how to identify the patients, who will benefit from this treatment, is still not known. Clinical and demographic factors, i.e., females, never-smokers, patients with Asian ethnicity, or histology of adenocarcinoma, seem all to be favorable factors for clinical outcome, but not sufficient for patient selection. Increased EGFR gene copy number detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization has consistently been shown in several retrospective studies to be a good predictive "marker," especially for EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Nevertheless, most of the data obtained so far are retrospective, and prospective validation is ongoing. The current review summarizes the clinical data based on the first generation EGFR inhibitors and discusses future strategies for exploring the role of EGFR fluorescence in situ hybridization as a selection marker for EGFR inhibitor therapy in non-small cell lung cancer.
Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO, USA. Fred.Hirsch@UCHSC.edu
Fred R
FR
Hirsch
Rafal
R
Dziadziuszko
Marileila
M
Varella-Garcia
Wilbur A
WA
Franklin
David R
DR
Gandara
Paul A
PA
Bunn
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors