Cardiac death and reinfarction after 1 year in the Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS): a 1-year follow-up study.
BACKGROUND
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction can be complicated by spontaneous or angioplasty-induced embolisation of atherothrombotic material. Distal blockage induces microvascular obstruction and can result in less than optimum reperfusion of viable myocardium. The Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS) found that thrombus aspiration resulted in improved myocardial reperfusion compared with conventional PCI, but whether this benefit improves clinical outcome is unknown. We aimed to investigate whether the early efficacy of thrombus aspiration seen in TAPAS translated into clinical benefit after 1 year.


METHODS
Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction enrolled at the University Medical Centre Groningen were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either thrombus aspiration or conventional treatment, before undergoing initial coronary angiography. Exclusion criteria were rescue PCI after thrombolysis and known existence of a concomitant disease with life expectancy less than 6 months. Of the 1071 patients enrolled between January, 2005, and December, 2006, vital status at or beyond 1 year after randomisation was available for 1060 (99%). The primary endpoint was cardiac death or non-fatal reinfarction after 1 year, and analysis was by intention to treat. The TAPAS trial is registered with Current Controlled Trials number ISRCTN16716833.


RESULTS
Cardiac death at 1 year was 3.6% (19 of 535 patients) in the thrombus aspiration group and 6.7% (36 of 536) in the conventional PCI group (hazard ratio [HR] 1.93; 95% CI 1.11-3.37; p=0.020). 1-year cardiac death or non-fatal reinfarction occurred in 5.6% (30 of 535) of patients in the thrombus aspiration group and 9.9% (53 of 536) of patients in the conventional PCI group (HR 1.81; 95% CI 1.16-2.84; p=0.009).


CONCLUSIONS
Compared with conventional PCI, thrombus aspiration before stenting of the infarcted artery seems to improve the 1-year clinical outcome after PCI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
Vlaar
Pieter J
PJ
Department of Cardiology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Netherlands. p.j.j.vlaar@thorax.umcg.nl
Svilaas
Tone
T
van der Horst
Iwan C
IC
Diercks
Gilles F H
GF
Fokkema
Marieke L
ML
de Smet
Bart J G L
BJ
van den Heuvel
Ad F M
AF
Anthonio
Rutger L
RL
Jessurun
Gillian A
GA
Tan
Eng-Shiong
ES
Suurmeijer
Albert J H
AJ
Zijlstra
Felix
F
D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000379:methods*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D015607:Stents; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors