Management of spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma.
BACKGROUND
Management of patients with spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma in a single centre is reported and the diagnosis and treatment are discussed.


METHODS
The clinical presentations, diagnosis and treatment of 28 cases of spontaneous rupture of hepatocellular carcinoma were reviewed.


RESULTS
Twenty-six patients had sudden right upper-quadrant abdominal pain and 53.5% patients were in hypovolaemic shock on admission. The median survival of the patients who received one-stage, two-stage tumour resection and only transarterial embolization was 370, 483.5 and 60 days, respectively. The prognosis of the patients who underwent only conservative treatment or surgical haemostasis was poor.


CONCLUSIONS
Transarterial embolization is the treatment of choice for those who are haemodynamically unstable on admission. Careful evaluations, including functional liver reserve, coagulopathy, tumour size and location should be made before tumour resection.
Wang
Bo
B
First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi province, China. smilebird75@hotmail.com
Lu
Yi
Y
Zhang
Xu-Feng
XF
Yú
Liang
L
Pan
Cheng-En
CE
Wu
Zheng
Z
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous