Impact of five annual rounds of mass drug administration with diethylcarbamazine and albendazole on Wuchereria bancrofti infection in American Samoa.
American Samoa began a territory-wide mass drug administration (MDA) program with diethylcarbamazine and albendazole in 2000 after baseline surveys indicated that 16.5% of 2,989 residents were infected with Wuchereria bancrofti based on tests for circulating filarial antigen. Follow-up surveys were conducted in 2001, 2003, and 2006, using convenience samples of residents of sentinel villages. Antigenemia prevalence in 2001 (11.5%) and 2003 (13.5%) showed no change. After the 2003 sentinel assessment, improvements were made in the social mobilization and drug distribution strategies. In 2006, after a total of 5 years of MDA and 3 years of improved MDA participation, the antigenemia prevalence dropped from 11.5% (2001) to 0.95% (2006) (P < 0.0001). In 2006, antigenemia prevalence was greater in males (1.5%) than females (0.4%) (P = 0.04). The decline in antigenemia prevalence shows the effectiveness of MDA and changes made in social mobilization and drug distribution.
Division of Parasitic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. JLiang@cdc.gov
Jennifer L
JL
Liang
Jonathan D
JD
King
Kazuyo
K
Ichimori
Thomas
T
Handzel
Molisamoa
M
Pa'au
Patrick J
PJ
Lammie
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015766:Albendazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018948:American Samoa / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004049:Diethylcarbamazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005368:Filariasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D014958:Wuchereria bancrofti / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D000871:Anthelmintics; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D015766:Albendazole; D004049:Diethylcarbamazine