Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus among Kuwaiti children and adolescents.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among 6- to 18-year-old Kuwaiti children.


METHODS
Children with type 2 diabetes were identified at 182 schools (50 primary, 63 intermediate, and 69 secondary) randomly selected using the 2000/2001 educational districts' registers as a sampling frame. Prevalence rates were adjusted to the 2002 Kuwaiti population. Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes was based on the World Health Organization and the American Diabetes Association criteria.


RESULTS
Type 2 diabetes was identified in 45 of the 128,918 children surveyed, thereby giving an overall prevalence of 34.9 per 100,000 [95% confidence interval (CI) 24.7-45.1]. There was a significant difference in prevalence between males (47.3, 95% CI 28.7-65.8) and females (26.3, 95% CI 14.8-37.8) at p = 0.05 and a significant trend for an increase in prevalence of type 2 diabetes with age (p = 0.026). The overall age-adjusted prevalence rate in the 2002 Kuwaiti population was 33.2 (95% CI 26.6-39.9), 41.6 (95% CI 31.2-52.0) in male and 24.6 (95% CI 16.4-32.7) in female children; the difference was significant at p = 0.013. There was no significant difference in prevalence between regions. Children with type 2 diabetes had a significantly higher frequency (51.1%) of a positive family history of diabetes than children of a similar age without type 2 diabetes (22.2%) (p = 0.004).


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adult Kuwaitis is spreading to children and adolescents, making it an emergency public health problem. Efforts need to be initiated to address prevention strategies of type 2 diabetes in youth.
Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait. amoussa@hsc.edu.kw
Mohamed A A
MA
Moussa
Mayra
M
Alsaeid
Nabila
N
Abdella
Thanaa M K
TM
Refai
Nashami
N
Al-Sheikh
Joseph E
JE
Gomez
D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn; D006801:Humans; D007730:Kuwait / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors