[AIDS: ethics and scientific investigation on human beings].
The experimentation on human beings of one or several therapeutic molecules discovered in laboratory is necessary and important because it helps to find new treatments or new diagnostic methods. But, it presents serious ethical problems. In this article we are analysing the example of the HIV infection. We are succinctly describing the research methods in laboratory for therapeutic molecules, first the experimentation on animals and then on human being in clinical trials. We will then try to show, with several examples, how during these last 25 years of HIV infection, the research of new molecules has not always respected the ethical rules set out in Helsinki declaration, "Code de la santé publique" or "Guide de bonnes pratiques cliniques-ICH" etc. We are discussing here the way to avoid these irregularities.
Guedj
R
R
Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Laboratoire de chimie des molécules bioactives et aromes, UMR 6001 CNRS, SA, Nice cedex 2, France. guedj@unice.fr
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000225:Adenine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000941:ethics* / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003226:Congresses as Topic; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003906:Developing Countries; D004050:Ditiocarb / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D028744:Ethics Committees, Research; D006805:Human Experimentation / Q000941:ethics* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000941:ethics / Q000592:standards; D008402:Mass Media; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018119:Stavudine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068698:Tenofovir; D013873:Thionucleotides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D063065:Organophosphonates; D013873:Thionucleotides; D016572:Cyclosporine; D000068698:Tenofovir; D004050:Ditiocarb; C079996:GEM91; D018119:Stavudine; D000225:Adenine; D001379:Azathioprine