Cytokine production by M-CSF- and GM-CSF-induced mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages upon coculturing with late apoptotic cells.
Recently, we found that resident peritoneal macrophages produce MIP-2, one of the major chemokines for neutrophils, upon coculturing with late apoptotic cells, and that intraperitoneal injection of late apoptotic cells into the peritoneal cavity causes neutrophil infiltration via MIP-2. It is not known, however, whether or not macrophages are heterogeneous in such MIP-2 production. In this study, we examined changes in the surface phenotype during the differentiation of bone marrow cells into macrophages due to M-CSF and GM-CSF, and then examined the production of cytokines, namely IL-12 p40, MIP-2, IL-10, and TGF-beta, following phagocytosis of late apoptotic cells with these macrophages or LPS stimulation of these macrophages. GM-CSF and M-CSF induced macrophage populations with distinct but overlapping cell surface phenotype. Although these macrophages phagocytosed late apoptotic cells to a similar extent, they produced either IL-12 p40 or IL-10, whereas they produced MIP-2 to a similar extent after the coculture, raising the possibility that late apoptotic cells may induce neutrophil infiltration in any organs, such as the liver and lungs, where the macrophages are differentiated by either M-CSF or GM-CSF, respectively.
Department of Biomolecular Science, Division of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Science, Toho University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan.
Takahiro
T
Yamazaki
Kisaburo
K
Nagata
Yoshiro
Y
Kobayashi
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology*; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology
D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; C404915:Cxcl2 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016753:Interleukin-10; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor