Molecular view of the isothermal transformation of a stable glass to a liquid.
We have used neutron reflectivity to measure translational motion on the nanometer length scale in exceptionally stable glasses of tris(naphthylbenzene). These glasses are prepared by vapor deposition onto a substrate held somewhat below the glass transition temperature (T(g) = 342 K). When the most stable samples are annealed at 345 K, no translational motion is observed on the 12 nm length scale for over 10,000 s and full mixing requires more than 60,000 s. For comparison, the equilibrium supercooled liquid mixes in 1000 s at this temperature and on this length scale. These measurements provide insight into the mechanism by which a stable glass transforms into a liquid. "Melting" of the stable glass appears to occur by the growth of liquid regions into the surrounding glassy matrix, perhaps by a surface-initiated growth process. At 345 K, translational motion in the stable glass is at least 100 times slower than motion in the supercooled liquid.
Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
Stephen F
SF
Swallen
Kenneth L
KL
Kearns
Sushil
S
Satija
Katherine
K
Traynor
Robert J
RJ
McMahon
M D
MD
Ediger