Land use in Korean tidal wetlands: impacts and management strategies.
The coastal landscapes in southwestern Korea include a diverse array of tidal wetlands and salt marshes. These coastal zones link the ecological functions of marine tidal wetlands and freshwater ecosystems with terrestrial ecosystems. They are rich in biological diversity and play important roles in sustaining ecological health and processing environmental pollutants. Korean tidal wetlands are particularly important as nurseries for economically important fishes and habitats for migratory birds. Diking, draining, tourism, and conversion to agricultural and urban uses have adversely affected Korean tidal wetlands. Recent large development projects have contributed to further losses. Environmental impact assessments conducted for projects affecting tidal wetlands and their surrounding landscapes should be customized for application to these special settings. Adequate environmental impact assessments will include classification of hydrogeomorphic units and consideration of their responses to biological and environmental stressors. As is true worldwide, Korean laws and regulations are changing to be more favorable to the conservation and protection of tidal wetlands. More public education needs to be done at the local level to build support for tidal wetland conservation. Some key public education points include the role of tidal wetlands in maintaining healthy fish populations and reducing impacts of nonpoint source pollution. There is also a need to develop procedures for integrating economic and environmental objectives within the overall context of sustainable management and land uses.
Hong
Sun-Kee
SK
Institute of Island Culture, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam, Korea. skhong@mokpo.ac.kr
Koh
Chul-Hwan
CH
Harris
Richard R
RR
Kim
Jae-Eun
JE
Lee
Jeom-Sook
JS
Ihm
Byung-Sun
BS
D044822:Biodiversity; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000379:methods*; D005843:Geography; D033161:Government Regulation; D056127:Hydrobiology; D056910:Republic of Korea; D055871:Tidal Waves; D053833:Wetlands