Production and detailed characterization of bean husk-based carbon: efficient cadmium (II) removal from aqueous solutions.
We report the production of a modified carbon by heat treating bean husk (Phaseolus vulgaris) at 270 degrees C in Ar, followed by chemical activation using HNO(3). The material was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared spectroscopy (IRS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), elemental mapping, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cd(2+) sorption studies with this material were carried out at different concentrations. It was found that cadmium (II) is effectively removed by the modified material obtained from bean husk (180 mg/g). The sorption mechanism is discussed in terms of the activated surface properties. A relationship between the oxygen content and sorption was found in this novel material. Commercial activated carbon (AC) (F400) was used for comparison.
Chávez-Guerrero
Leonardo
L
Advanced Materials Department, IPICYT, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Col. Lomas 4a. sección, San Luis Potosí, México. ichavez@ipicyt.edu.mx
Rangel-Méndez
René
R
Muñoz-Sandoval
Emilio
E
Cullen
David A
DA
Smith
David J
DJ
Terrones
Humberto
H
Terrones
Mauricio
M
D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D012996:Solutions; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
D012996:Solutions; D002104:Cadmium; D002244:Carbon