Chronic lung disease in newborns.
Chronic lung disease (CLD) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) occurs in preterm infants who require respiratory support in the first few days of birth. Apart from prematurity, oxygen therapy and assisted ventilation, factors like intrauterine/postnatal infections, patent ductus arteriosus, and genetic polymorphisms also contribute to its pathogenesis. The severe form of BPD with extensive inflammatory changes is rarely seen nowadays; instead, a milder form characterized by decreased alveolar septation due to arrest in lung development is more common. A multitude of strategies, mainly pharmacological and ventilatory, have been employed for prevention and treatment of BPD. Unfortunately, most of them have not been proved to be beneficial. A comprehensive protocol for management of BPD based on the current evidence is discussed here.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
M Jeeva
MJ
Sankar
Ramesh
R
Agarwal
Ashok K
AK
Deorari
Vinod K
VK
Paul
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D004232:Diuretics; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D007213:Indomethacin