Evaluation of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in assessing velopharyngeal insufficiency during phonation.
BACKGROUND
Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) expresses the structural and neuromuscular disorder of soft palate and pharyngeal walls inhibiting the normal functions of velopharyngeal (VP) sphincter mechanism. In this study, efficacy of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of VPI is investigated.


METHODS
A total of 32 cases, 16 controls and 16 cleft palates, were included in this study. T1 fast spin echo-weighted imaging during rest, dynamic investigations with True-fast imaging with steady-state precession sequence during /sss/ and /mmm/ phonations were performed.


RESULTS
During /sss/ phonation, complete closure was observed in the control group, whereas mean VP opening was 4.11 cm2 preoperatively and 0.21 cm2 postoperatively in the cleft palate group. In the postoperative period, only 3 patients did not have complete closure. In the second operations, performed 6 months later, only muscle repair was done. All 3 had complete closure.


CONCLUSIONS
In cleft palate cases with delayed diagnosis, appropriate application of muscle repair will be sufficient for anatomic repair of VPI without any extra procedures. In addition, dynamic magnetic resonance imaging is an objective, noninvasive, reliable, and effective modality that may be used in the diagnosis and treatment of VPI without any extra investigations.
Atik
Bekir
B
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey. drbekiratik@yahoo.com
Bekerecioglu
Mehmet
M
Tan
Onder
O
Etlik
Omer
O
Davran
Ramazan
R
Arslan
Halil
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010699:Phonation; D014609:Uvula / Q000473:pathology; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery