Shear banding and yield stress in soft glassy materials.
Shear localization is a generic feature of flows in yield stress fluids and soft glassy materials but is incompletely understood. In the classical picture of yield stress fluids, shear banding happens because of a stress heterogeneity. Using recent developments in magnetic resonance imaging velocimetry, we show here for a colloidal gel that even in a homogeneous stress situation shear banding occurs, and that the width of the flowing band is uniquely determined by the macroscopically imposed shear rate rather than the stress. We present a simple physical model for flow of the gel showing that shear banding (localization) is a flow instability that is intrinsic to the material, and confirm the model predictions for our system using rheology and light scattering.
Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, F-75231 France.
P C F
PC
Møller
S
S
Rodts
M A J
MA
Michels
Daniel
D
Bonn