Dietary risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract in central and eastern Europe.
OBJECTIVE
The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT: oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus) has been increasing in central and eastern European countries. We investigated the relationship between diet and UADT cancers in these high risk areas.


METHODS
We used data from hospital-based case-control study of 948 UADT cancer cases and 1,228 controls conducted in Romania, Hungary, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, and Czech Republic. Standardized questionnaire were used to collect information on 23 different food items, along with alcohol and tobacco consumptions. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the UADT cancers after adjusting for center, age, sex, tobacco & alcohol intake, and other food groups.


RESULTS
Consumption of dairy product was negatively associated with selected UADT cancers: larynx (OR: 0.38, CI: 0.23-0.62) and esophagus (OR: 0.55, CI: 0.33-0.93). While consumption of yellow/orange vegetables were inversely associated with oral/pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer (OR: 0.53, CI: 0.35-0.81 and OR: 0.62, CI: 0.38-1.00, respectively), preserved vegetable was positively associated with oral/pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk (p (trend) < 0.01 for both).


CONCLUSIONS
Specific dietary components may play a role in the development of UADT cancers in the high-risk region of central and eastern Europe.
Lifestyle, Environment and Cancer Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France.
A
A
Sapkota
C C
CC
Hsu
D
D
Zaridze
O
O
Shangina
N
N
Szeszenia-Dabrowska
D
D
Mates
E
E
Fabiánová
P
P
Rudnai
V
V
Janout
I
I
Holcatova
P
P
Brennan
P
P
Boffetta
M
M
Hashibe
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D018153:Czech Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D003710:Demography; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D005061:Europe, Eastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D008019:Life Style; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012383:Romania / Q000453:epidemiology; D018154:Slovakia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires