Differential proinflammatory and prooxidant effects of bone morphogenetic protein-4 in coronary and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells.
There is increasing evidence that TGF-beta family member cytokine bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 plays different pathophysiological roles in the pulmonary and systemic circulation. Upregulation of BMP-4 has been linked to atherosclerosis and hypertension in the systemic circulation, whereas disruption of BMP-4 signaling is associated with the development of pulmonary hypertension. To test the hypothesis that BMP-4 elicits differential effects in the pulmonary and systemic circulation, we compared the prooxidant and proinflammatory effects of BMP-4 in cultured human coronary arterial endothelial cells (CAECs) and pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs). We found that BMP-4 (from 0.3 to 10 ng/ml) in CAECs increased O(2)(*-) and H(2)O(2) generation, induced NF-kappaB activation, upregulated ICAM-1, and induced monocyte adhesiveness to ECs. In contrast, BMP-4 failed to induce oxidative stress or endothelial activation in PAECs. Also, BMP-4 treatment impaired acetylcholine-induced relaxation and increased O(2)(*-) production in cultured rat carotid arteries, whereas cultured rat pulmonary arteries were protected from these adverse effects of BMP-4. Thus, we propose that BMP-4 exerts prooxidant, prohypertensive, and proinflammatory effects only in the systemic circulation, whereas pulmonary arteries are protected from these adverse effects of BMP-4. The vascular bed-specific endothelial effects of BMP-4 are likely to contribute to its differential pathophysiological role in the systemic and pulmonary circulation.
Csiszar
Anna
A
Dept. of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA.
Labinskyy
Nazar
N
Jo
Hanjoong
H
Ballabh
Praveen
P
Ungvari
Zoltan
Z
D000818:Animals; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014664:Vasodilation; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
C525809:BMP4 protein, human; C525811:Bmp4 protein, rat; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D051785:Smad Proteins; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors