A new electromagnetic exposure metric: high frequency voltage transients associated with increased cancer incidence in teachers in a California school.
BACKGROUND
In 2003 the teachers at La Quinta, California middle school complained that they had more cancers than would be expected. A consultant for the school district denied that there was a problem.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the cancer incidence in the teachers, and its cause.


METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study of cancer incidence in the teachers' cohort in relationship to the school's electrical environment.


RESULTS
Sixteen school teachers in a cohort of 137 teachers hired in 1988 through 2005 were diagnosed with 18 cancers. The observed to expected (O/E) risk ratio for all cancers was 2.78 (P = 0.000098), while the O/E risk ratio for malignant melanoma was 9.8 (P = 0.0008). Thyroid cancer had a risk ratio of 13.3 (P = 0.0098), and uterine cancer had a risk ratio of 9.2 (P = 0.019). Sixty Hertz magnetic fields showed no association with cancer incidence. A new exposure metric, high frequency voltage transients, did show a positive correlation to cancer incidence. A cohort cancer incidence analysis of the teacher population showed a positive trend (P = 7.1 x 10(-10)) of increasing cancer risk with increasing cumulative exposure to high frequency voltage transients on the classroom's electrical wiring measured with a Graham/Stetzer (G/S) meter. The attributable risk of cancer associated with this exposure was 64%. A single year of employment at this school increased a teacher's cancer risk by 21%.


CONCLUSIONS
The cancer incidence in the teachers at this school is unusually high and is strongly associated with high frequency voltage transients, which may be a universal carcinogen, similar to ionizing radiation.
Washington State Department of Health, Tumwater, Washington, USA. smilham2@comcast.net
Samuel
S
Milham
L Lloyd
LL
Morgan
D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005178:Faculty; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies