Effects of verum acupuncture compared to placebo acupuncture on quantitative EEG and heart rate variability in healthy volunteers.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this single-blind randomized crossover study was to evaluate specific effects of manual acupuncture on central and vegetative nervous system activity measured by quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) and heart rate variability (HRV).


METHODS
Twenty (20) healthy volunteers (mean: 25.2 +/- 3.6 years) were monitored simultaneously using a qEEG system and a 12-channel electrocardiogram recorder during verum acupuncture (VA) at acupuncture point Large Intestine 4 (Hegu) (LI4) or placebo acupuncture (PA) at a sham point.


RESULTS
In the EEG conduction of the occipital area, needle stimulation in VA increased alpha1-frequency significantly, and the ratio alpha1/theta was shifted to the benefit of alpha1 over all electrodes. The HRV parameters showed a significant increase of the low frequency/high frequency (HF) ratio during the first minute of stimulation in VA, indicating an initial increase of sympathetic activation. However, an increase of HF power in the minute after stimulation followed by a decrease in heart rate suggests delayed vagal activation. De qi (a sensation that is typical of acupuncture needling) occurred in 16 subjects during VA and in 9 volunteers during PA (80% versus 45%).


CONCLUSIONS
Manual stimulation on LI4 seems to lead to specific changes in alpha EEG-frequency and in HRV parameters. A linear relationship between the HRV parameters and the alpha EEG band might point to a specific modulation of cerebral function by vegetative effects during acupuncture.
Clinic of Anesthesiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Konrad
K
Streitberger
Jochen
J
Steppan
Christoph
C
Maier
Holger
H
Hill
Johannes
J
Backs
Konstanze
K
Plaschke
D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015990:Placebo Effect; D012016:Reference Values; D016037:Single-Blind Method