What underlies appraisals? Experimentally testing a Knowledge-and-Appraisal Model of Personality Architecture among smokers contemplating high-risk situations.
We tested a theoretical model of personality structures underlying patterns of intra-individual variability in contextualized appraisals. The KAPA (Knowledge-and-Appraisal Personality Architecture) model was tested experimentally among smokers appraising their efficacy to resist the urge to smoke in high-risk situations. In a novel design, we assessed self-knowledge and situational beliefs idiographically and employed cognitive priming to manipulate the accessibility of self-knowledge experimentally. The results confirmed the unique KAPA-model prediction that priming would affect appraisals in a contextualized manner. Priming positively valenced self-knowledge enhanced self-efficacy appraisals specifically within that subset of situations that were relevant to the primed knowledge. The results were consistent with the hypothesis that systems of self- and situational knowledge underlie consistency and variability in appraisals.
Cervone
Daniel
D
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607-7137, USA. dcervone@uic.edu
Caldwell
Tracy L
TL
Fiori
Marina
M
Orom
Heather
H
Shadel
William G
WG
Kassel
Jon D
JD
Artistico
Daniele
D
D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010552:Personality Assessment; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D020377:Self Efficacy; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D012932:Social Facilitation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires