Design and baseline characteristics from the KAN-QUIT disease management intervention for rural smokers in primary care.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the design, implementation, baseline data, and feasibility of establishing a disease management program for smoking cessation in rural primary care.


METHODS
The study is a randomized clinical trial evaluating a disease management program for smoking cessation. The intervention combined pharmacotherapy, telephone counseling, and physician feedback, and repeated intervention over two years. The program began in 2004 and was implemented in 50 primary care clinics across the State of Kansas.


RESULTS
Of eligible patients, 73% were interested in study participation. 750 enrolled participants were predominantly Caucasian, female, employed, and averaged 47.2 years of age (SD=13.1). In addition to smoking, 427 (57%) had at least one additional major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, heart disease or stroke). Participants smoked on average 23.7 (SD=10.4) cigarettes per day, were contemplating (61%) or preparing to quit (30%), were highly motivated and confident of their ability to quit smoking, and reported seeing their physicians multiple times in the past twelve months (Median=3.50; Mean=5.48; SD=6.58).


CONCLUSIONS
Initial findings demonstrate the willingness of patients to enroll in a two-year disease management program to address nicotine dependence, even among patients not ready to make a quit attempt. These findings support the feasibility of identifying and enrolling rural smokers within the primary care setting.
Cox
Lisa Sanderson
LS
University of Kansas School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, MS 1008, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
Cupertino
Ana-Paula
AP
Mussulman
Laura M
LM
Nazir
Niaman
N
Greiner
K Allen
KA
Mahnken
Jonathan D
JD
Ahluwalia
Jasjit S
JS
Ellerbeck
Edward F
EF
D000328:Adult; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007615:Kansas; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011320:Primary Health Care; D016730:Program Development; D012424:Rural Population; D012907:Smoking; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder