Staphylococcal enterotoxin C injection in combination with ascorbic acid promotes the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts in vitro.
Staphylococcal enterotoxin C injection is established as a clinical therapy for delayed healing or disunion of bone fractures. In the present study, the effects of staphylococcal enterotoxin C injection in combination with ascorbic acid (SEC-AA) on the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their influences on the mineralization of osteoblasts were investigated. SEC-AA treatment induced increased levels of alkaline phosphatase activity in MSCs and increased numbers of alizarin red-stained calcified nodules, indicating enhanced differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts. The findings demonstrated that SEC-AA promoted the differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts and accelerated the cytopoiesis of osteoblasts. Our data provide a cytological model for bone fracture therapy aimed at shortening the time required for healing and improving the clinical outcome, and also provide a theoretical basis for inducible differentiation of MSCs, mineralization of osteoblasts and reconstruction of bone tissues.
Wan
Xiao-Chen
XC
Institute of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China.
Liu
Cui-Ping
CP
Li
Meng
M
Hong
Dun
D
Li
Dong-Mei
DM
Chen
Hai-Xiao
HX
Li
Ji-Cheng
JC
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000188:drug therapy; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D000880:Anthraquinones; D004768:Enterotoxins; C034959:enterotoxin C, staphylococcal; C004468:Alizarin Red S; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid