Crystal structure of the ligand-free G-protein-coupled receptor opsin.
In the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) rhodopsin, the inactivating ligand 11-cis-retinal is bound in the seven-transmembrane helix (TM) bundle and is cis/trans isomerized by light to form active metarhodopsin II. With metarhodopsin II decay, all-trans-retinal is released, and opsin is reloaded with new 11-cis-retinal. Here we present the crystal structure of ligand-free native opsin from bovine retinal rod cells at 2.9 ångström (A) resolution. Compared to rhodopsin, opsin shows prominent structural changes in the conserved E(D)RY and NPxxY(x)(5,6)F regions and in TM5-TM7. At the cytoplasmic side, TM6 is tilted outwards by 6-7 A, whereas the helix structure of TM5 is more elongated and close to TM6. These structural changes, some of which were attributed to an active GPCR state, reorganize the empty retinal-binding pocket to disclose two openings that may serve the entry and exit of retinal. The opsin structure sheds new light on ligand binding to GPCRs and on GPCR activation.
Park
Jung Hee
JH
Institut für Medizinische Physik und Biophysik (CC2), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
Scheerer
Patrick
P
Hofmann
Klaus Peter
KP
Choe
Hui-Woog
HW
Ernst
Oliver Peter
OP
D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002417:Cattle; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D008024:Ligands; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017510:Protein Folding; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D012172:Retinaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000737:chemistry; D017299:Rod Opsins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
D008024:Ligands; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D017299:Rod Opsins; D012243:Rhodopsin; D012172:Retinaldehyde