[Childhood bacterial meningitis trends in Japan from 2005 to 2006].
We surveyed pediatric bacterial meningitis epidemiology from January 2005 to December 2006 in Japan, with the following results. Bacterial meningitis cases numbered 246 -138 boys and 108 girls-, equivalent to 1.7-1.72 children of 1,000 hospitalized in pediatrics per year. The age distribution for infection was highest in those under 1 year of age and decreased with increasing age, Haemophilus influenzae was the most common infection causing the pathogen, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae, group B streptococcus, and Escherichia coli. The relationship between causative pathogens and age distribution was as follows: group B streptococcus and E. coli were major pathogens in patients under 4 months old and H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae in those over 4 months old. Susceptibility tests at individual facilities showed 59.3% of H. influen- zae isolates and 69.3% of S. pneumoniae isolates in 2004 to be drug-resistant. Ampicillin and cephem antibiotics are effective against GBS, E. coli, and Listeria, so combined of ampicillin and cephem antibiotics are used as first-line antibiotics in many facilities in patients under 4 month old and combined of carbapenem antibiotics effective against PRSP and cephem effective against H. influenzae were the first choice against childhood bacterial meningitis in patients over 4 month old.
Sunakawa
Keisuke
K
Kitasato Institute for Life Science & Graduate School of Infection Control Science, Kitasato University.
Ubukata
Kimiko
K
Chiba
Nahoko
N
Hasegawa
Keiko
K
Nonoyama
Masato
M
Iwata
Satoshi
S
Akita
Hironobu
H
Sato
Yoshitake
Y
D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013997:Time Factors; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015780:Carbapenems; D002511:Cephalosporins; D047090:beta-Lactams; D000667:Ampicillin