Association between genetic polymorphisms in styrene-metabolizing enzymes and biomarkers in styrene-exposed workers.
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in genes of styrene-metabolizing enzymes could modulate biomarker concentrations in blood or urine after exposure to styrene. Ten SNP were analyzed to study their influence on styrene-specific biomarkers in 89 workers of a fiber-reinforced plastic boat building factory. The internal styrene body burden was analyzed in post-shift blood and urine samples. External styrene exposure was measured by passive samplers. Spearman rank correlations between styrene exposure and biomarkers were calculated and distributions of biomarkers were checked for lognormality. Mixed linear models were applied to analyze the influence of genotypes and styrene exposure, on styrene in blood (Monday and Thursday post-shift) and on phenyglyoxylic acid (PGA; adjusted for day of measurement, Monday to Thursday) due to a lognormal distribution, smoking (current, not current), and use of respirators. Stratified analyzes for workers without and with different types of respirators were also performed. The models of both the subgroups revealed a significant influence dependent on the respirator type that workers used for inhalation protection. An influence of the external styrene concentration on the urinary PGA concentration was not observed. After implementation of the SNP into the model significant lower adjusted means of urinary PGA concentrations were found for GSTP1 105IleVal and CYP2E1 -71TT. For styrene levels in blood no significant effect was observed. A significant influence on styrene levels in blood was correlated with external styrene concentration only in workers without use of respirators. The effects of two SNP on urinary PGA decrease indicated a limited modulating SNP effect. The most effective prevention for styrene exposure was obtained with the wearing of respirators.
Rihs
Hans-Peter
HP
BGFA-Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, German Social Accident Insurance, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany.
Triebig
Gerhard
G
Werner
Philipp
P
Rabstein
Sylvia
S
Heinze
Evelyn
E
Pesch
Beate
B
Bruning
Thomas
T
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012134:Respiratory Protective Devices; D020058:Styrene / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D004798:Enzymes; D020058:Styrene