A novel CD4-conjugated ultraviolet light-activated photocatalyst inactivates HIV-1 and SIV efficiently.
In this study, we found that the electric potential derived from the redox reaction of ultraviolet (UV)-illuminated CD4-conjugated titanium dioxide (TiO2) inactivated a wide range of high-titered primary HIV-1 isolates, regardless of virus co-receptor usage or genetic clade. In vitro incubation of HIV-1 isolates with CD4-conjugated TiO2 (CD4-TiO2) followed by UV illumination led to inhibition of viral infectivity in both H9 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells as well as to the complete inactivation of plasma virions from HIV-1-infected individuals. Treatment with a newly established extra-corporeal circulation system with the photocatalyst in rhesus macaques completely inactivated plasma virus in the system and effectively reduced the infectious plasma viral load. Furthermore, plasma viremia and infectious viral loads were controlled following a second therapeutic photocatalyst treatment during primary SIV(mac239) infection of macaques. Our findings suggest that this therapeutic immunophysical strategy may help control human immunodeficiency viral infection in vivo.
Yamaguchi
Koushi
K
Department of Perinatology, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan. yamaguchi-k@ncchd.go.jp
Sugiyama
Takahiro
T
Kato
Shinji
S
Kondo
Yoichi
Y
Ageyama
Naohide
N
Kanekiyo
Masaru
M
Iwata
Misao
M
Koyanagi
Yoshio
Y
Yamamoto
Naoki
N
Honda
Mitsuo
M
D000818:Animals; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D014025:Titanium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D015704:CD4 Antigens; D004279:DNA, Viral; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium