Angiotensin II receptor blockade administered after injury improves muscle regeneration and decreases fibrosis in normal skeletal muscle.
BACKGROUND
Several therapeutic agents have been shown to inhibit fibrosis and improve regeneration after injury in skeletal muscle by antagonizing transforming growth factor-beta1. Angiotensin receptor blockers have been shown to have a similar effect on transforming growth factor-beta1 in a variety of tissues.


OBJECTIVE
Systemic treatment of animals after injury of skeletal muscle with an angiotensin receptor blocker may decrease fibrosis and improve regeneration, mainly through transforming growth factor-beta1 blockade, and can be used to improve skeletal muscle healing after injury.


METHODS
Controlled laboratory study.


METHODS
Forty mice underwent bilateral partial gastrocnemius lacerations. Mice were assigned randomly to a control group (tap water), a low-dose angiotensin receptor blocker group (losartan, 0.05 mg/mL), or a high-dose angiotensin receptor blocker group (0.5 mg/mL). The medication was dissolved in tap water and administered enterally. Mice were sacrificed 3 or 5 weeks after injury, and the lacerated muscles were examined histologically for muscle regeneration and fibrosis.


RESULTS
Compared with control mice at 3 and 5 weeks, angiotensin receptor blocker-treated mice exhibited a histologic dose-dependent improvement in muscle regeneration and a measurable reduction in fibrous tissue formation within the area of injury.


CONCLUSIONS
By modulating the response to local and systemic angiotensin II, angiotensin receptor blocker therapy significantly reduced fibrosis and led to an increase in the number of regenerating myofibers in acutely injured skeletal muscle. The clinical implications for this application of angiotensin receptor blockers are potentially far-reaching and include not only sports- and military-related injuries, but also diseases such as the muscular dystrophies and trauma- and surgery-related injury.


CONCLUSIONS
Angiotensin receptor blockers may provide a safe, clinically available treatment for improving healing after skeletal muscle injury.
Bedair
Hany S
HS
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Karthikeyan
Tharun
T
Quintero
Andres
A
Li
Yong
Y
Huard
Johnny
J
D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019808:Losartan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation
D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D019808:Losartan