Gender differences in help-seeking behavior on two internet forums for individuals with self-reported depression.
BACKGROUND
The published literature reflects differences between the sexes in the help-seeking behavior of individuals with depression. Professional mental health services reach men to a lesser extent than women. Internet forums are considered an option to better reach males specifically.


OBJECTIVE
We investigated gender differences in the active use of the Internet to access English- and German-language information on depression.


METHODS
Analysis differentiated contributors' sex for 200 threads (clusters of responses related to one person seeking advice) followed on 2 Internet forums, www.defeatdepression.org, originating from the United Kingdom, and www.verrueckt.de, originating from Germany. From the qualifying date of January 3, 2007, the investigated threads retrospectively reached 149 days. Using 2 variables, "sex ratio of regular Internet users" and "epidemiologically expected sex ratio," we calculated a hypothetical value for the female-to-male (F:M) ratio of requests for help of 1.23 for the United Kingdom and 1.16 for Germany. Then we compared the actual versus the estimated gender distributions with a 2-sided chi 2 test.


RESULTS
We included 89 queries from www.defeatdepression.org and 97 queries from www.verrueckt.de. On the English-language forum, 46 (52%) of the queries were from women and 43 (48%) from men. On the German-language forum, 67 (69%) of the queries were from women and 30 (31%) from men. The German forum had a significantly higher F:M ratio of contributors compared with the English forum (2.23 vs 1.07, respectively; chi 2 = 5.885; P = 0.015). The actual F:M ratio of contributors for the English forum was similar to the expected calculation (1.07 actual vs 1.23 expected; chi 2 = 0.230; P = 0.652), but was significantly lower than the actual versus the expected F:M ratio of contributors for the German forum (2.23 actual vs 1.16 expected; chi 2 = 4.891; P = 0.027).


CONCLUSIONS
Possible reasons for the German Internet forum having a higher F:M ratio of contributors compared with the English Internet forum are the differences in presentation style, language, and cultural context between the 2 Web sites.
Hausner
Helmut
H
Department of Psychiatry, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. helmut.hausner@medbo.de <helmut.hausner@medbo.de>
Hajak
Göran
G
Spiessl
Hermann
H
D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007255:Information Services; D020407:Internet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008490:Medical Informatics / Q000379:methods*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012657:Self-Help Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D006113:United Kingdom