Placenta weight in pre-eclampsia.
OBJECTIVE
Preterm and term pre-eclampsia may differ in etiology. This could be reflected in differences in placenta weight. Therefore, we compared placenta weight in pregnancies with preterm or term pre-eclampsia to placenta weight in pregnancies without pre-eclampsia.


METHODS
Population study.


METHODS
Medical Birth Registry of Norway.


METHODS
All singleton pregnancies in Norway from 1999 through 2004 delivered at or after 21 weeks' gestation (n=317,688).


METHODS
Placenta weight in pregnancies without pre-eclampsia (n=304,875) was compared to placenta weight in pregnancies with preterm pre-eclampsia (delivery before week 37 of pregnancy, n=3,070) and term pre-eclampsia (delivery on or after week 37 of pregnancy, n=9,743). Placenta weight z-scores were calculated to adjust for offspring sex and length of gestation, and grouped in tenths. Placenta weight according to pre-eclampsia status is presented as proportions within each tenth.


METHODS
Pre-eclampsia status.


RESULTS
In preterm pre-eclampsia, placentas were over-represented in the two lowest (33.8%; 95% CI 32.1-35.5) and under-represented in the two highest (13.1%; 95% CI 11.9-14.3) tenths of placenta weight compared to pregnancies without pre-eclampsia (20%). In term pre-eclampsia, placentas were over-represented in the two lowest (22.0%; 95% CI 21.2-22.8) and the two highest (22.7%; 95% CI 21.9-23.6) placenta weight groups. Mean placenta weight z-score was higher in term pre-eclampsia compared to pregnancies without pre-eclampsia.


CONCLUSIONS
Small placentas were associated with pre-eclampsia, and more strongly with preterm than term pre-eclampsia. In term pre-eclampsia, the association with placenta weight was u-shaped, yielding higher proportions of both low and high placenta weight compared to pregnancies without pre-eclampsia.
Dahlstrøm
Berit
B
Faculty Division Akershus University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway. berit.dahlstrom@ahus.no
Romundstad
Pål
P
Øian
Pål
P
Vatten
Lars J
LJ
Eskild
Anne
A
D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009929:Organ Size; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth; D047929:Term Birth