Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a disease characterized by primary hypertrophy of the left (and sometimes right) ventricle. The clinical manifestations of the disease are dyspnea, angina, and a continuum encompassing lightheadedness, presyncope, syncope, and sudden death. Although HCM is often caused by an identifiable mutation in a gene coding for a sarcomeric protein and inherited in an autosomal-dominant pattern, many patients do not have any relatives in whom the disease is manifest. The prevalence of HCM is estimated to be 0.2%, with nearly 600,000 Americans affected. This limited exposure of clinicians to HCM understandably accounts for the uncertainty that prevails regarding this disease and its management.
Ramaraj
Radhakrishnan
R
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA. drkutty2@gmail.com
D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000209:etiology; D001130:Arizona / Q000453:epidemiology; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012518:Sarcomeres / Q000235:genetics; D013575:Syncope / Q000209:etiology