The novel polyamine analogue CGC-11093 enhances the antimyeloma activity of bortezomib.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy. The recent successes of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in MM therapy have prompted investigations of its efficacy in combination with other anticancer agents. Polyamines play important roles in regulating tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis and represent an important therapeutic target. CGC-11093 is a novel polyamine analogue that has completed a phase I clinical trial for the treatment of cancer. Here, we report that CGC-11093 selectively augments the in vitro and in vivo antimyeloma activity of bortezomib. Specifically, the combination of CGC-11093 and bortezomib compromised MM viability and clonogenic survival, and increased drug-induced apoptosis over that achieved by either single agent. Xenografts of MM tumors treated with this combination had marked increases in phospho-c-Jun-NH(2)-kinase (JNK)-positive cells and apoptosis, and corresponding reductions in tumor burden, tumor vasculature, and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and the proangiogenic cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor. Furthermore, inhibition of JNK with a pharmacologic inhibitor or by selective knockdown blunted the efficacy of CGC-11093 and bortezomib. Therefore, CGC-11093 enhances the anticancer activity of bortezomib by augmenting JNK-mediated apoptosis and blocking angiogenesis. These findings support the study of the use of the combination of bortezomib and CGC-11093 in MM patients that fail to respond to frontline therapy.
Carew
Jennifer S
JS
Departments of Biochemistry, Oncology, and Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
Nawrocki
Steffan T
ST
Reddy
Venudhar K
VK
Bush
Dorothy
D
Rehg
Jerold E
JE
Goodwin
Andrew
A
Houghton
Janet A
JA
Casero
Robert A
RA
Marton
Laurence J
LJ
Cleveland
John L
JL
D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069286:Bortezomib; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors / Q000378:metabolism; D011073:Polyamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D000097667:Polyamine Oxidase; D000099228:Diamine N-Acetyltransferase
D000123:Acetyltransferases; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001897:Boronic Acids; D000069286:Bortezomib; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; D011073:Polyamines; D011719:Pyrazines; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000097667:Polyamine Oxidase; D000099228:Diamine N-Acetyltransferase; C515676:CGC 11093