Iron states and cognitive abilities in young adults: neuropsychological and neurophysiological assessment.
Many investigators found that iron deficiency anemia (IDA) had a great influence on cognitive functions in infants and children. However, studies of such topic in adults are few and controversial. We prospectively assessed the possible influence of IDA and iron supplementation (for 3 months) on cognitive function and intelligence of 28 young adults with IDA. We used group of hematological, cognitive, neurophysiological tests for assessment including: mini-mental state examination (MMSE), Wechsler memory scale-revised (WMS-R), Wechsler adult intelligence scale-revised (WAIS-R), event-related potentials (ERPs), and electroencephalography (EEG). Compared to controls, patients demonstrated lower scores of different cognitive tests (MMSE, WMS-R, and WAIS-R), which showed significant improvement after treatment. Prolongation of ERPs latencies (N200 and P300) and reduction in their amplitudes (P200 and P300) were identified with significant increase in amplitude occurred after treatment. EEG abnormalities were observed in 55% of patients which showed improvement in 35% after treatment. Positive correlation was identified before and after treatment between hemoglobin levels and MMSE (P=0.01, 0.05), total verbal (P=0.04) and performance (P=0.05, 0.04) IQ scores. Negative correlation was identified between before and after treatment between P300 latency and total IQ of WAIS-R (P=0.03, 0.008) and hemoglobin level (P=0.4, 0.01). Positive correlation was found before and after treatment between P300 amplitude and total IQ (P=0.028, 0.01) and serum iron (P=0.01, 0.001). In conclusion, IDA is a significant factor in cognitive performance in adult population, which can be partially reversed by treatment.
Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Assiut University Hospital, P.O. Box 71516, Assiut, Egypt.
Eman
E
Khedr
Sherifa A
SA
Hamed
Esam
E
Elbeih
Hala
H
El-Shereef
Yousreyia
Y
Ahmad
Safaa
S
Ahmed
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009482:Neurophysiology / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009484:Neuropsychology / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014888:Wechsler Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D006454:Hemoglobins; D014131:Trace Elements; D007501:Iron; C031621:ferrous fumarate