Crohn's disease: Comparison of in vitro ultrasonographic images and histology.
OBJECTIVE
To examine some typical histological findings in Crohn's disease using high-frequency ultrasound and to define the echo properties of these findings.


METHODS
Bowel resection specimens from 14 patients operated on for Crohn's disease were examined with a 10 MHz linear array ultrasound transducer in a saline reservoir. Needles were placed in the specimen corresponding to the ultrasound plane. After formalin fixation, histological sections were taken according to these markings. Fifty-eight ultrasonographic images with 123 regions of interest were compared with corresponding histology.


RESULTS
A thickened muscularis mucosae (>0.3 mm) was found in 48 of 69 regions of interest on histology. Submucosa with slight to moderate fibrosis was imaged as an echo-rich layer with sporadic, echo-poor elements (36/56), while severe fibrosis was seen as an echo-rich layer with diffuse, echo-poor elements (40/55). Muscularis propria with slight to moderate fibrosis was seen as an echo-poor layer with sporadic, echo-rich elements (49/66) while severe fibrosis was seen as an echo-poor layer with diffuse, echo-rich elements (17/22). Crohn's rosary was seen as echo-poor extensions of the 4th echo layer (31/50).


CONCLUSIONS
Typical histological findings in Crohn's disease such as a thickened muscularis mucosae and Crohn's rosary can be imaged with high-frequency ultrasound in vitro. Fibrosis in the submucosa and muscularis propria is associated with decreasing and increasing echogenicity, respectively.
National Centre for Ultrasound in Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine. Kim.nylund@med.uib.no
Kim
K
Nylund
Sabine
S
Leh
Heike
H
Immervoll
Knut
K
Matre
Arne
A
Skarstein
Trygve
T
Hausken
Odd Helge
OH
Gilja
Lars
L
Birger Nesje
Svein
S
Ødegaard
D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D007422:Intestines / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography