Trends of mortality and causes of death among HIV-infected patients in Taiwan, 1984-2005.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to analyse the trends of mortality and causes of death among HIV-infected patients in Taiwan from 1984 to 2005.


METHODS
Registered data and death certificates for HIV-infected patients from Taiwan Centers for Disease Control were reviewed. Mortality rate and causes of deaths were compared among patients whose HIV diagnosis was made in three different study periods: before the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) (pre-HAART: from 1 January 1984 to 31 March 1997), in the early HAART period (from 1 April 1997 to 31 December 2001), and in the late HAART period (from 1 January 2002 to 31 December 2005). A subgroup of 1161 HIV-infected patients (11.4%) followed at a university hospital were analysed to investigate the trends of and risk factors for mortality.


RESULTS
For 10 162 HIV-infected patients with a mean follow-up of 1.97 years, the mortality rate of HIV-infected patients declined from 10.2 deaths per 100 person-years (PY) in the pre-HAART period to 6.5 deaths and 3.7 deaths per 100 PY in the early and late HAART periods, respectively (P<0.0001). For the 1161 patients followed at a university hospital (66.8% with CD4 count <200 cells/microL), HAART reduced mortality by 89% in multivariate analysis, and the adjusted hazard ratio for death was 0.28 (95% confidence interval 0.24, 0.33) in patients enrolled in the late HAART period compared with those in the pre-HAART period. Seventy-six per cent of the deaths in the pre-HAART period were attributable to AIDS-defining conditions, compared with 36% in the late HAART period (P<0.0001). The leading causes of non-AIDS-related deaths were sepsis (14.7%) and accidental death (8.3%), both of which increased significantly throughout the three study periods. Compared with patients acquiring HIV infection through sexual contact, injecting drug users were more likely to die from non-AIDS-related causes.


CONCLUSIONS
The mortality of HIV-infected patients declined significantly after the introduction of HAART in Taiwan. In the HAART era, AIDS-related deaths decreased significantly while deaths from non-AIDS-related conditions increased.
Yang
C-H
CH
Third Division, Centers for Disease Control, Department of Health, Taipei, Taiwan.
Huang
Y-F
YF
Hsiao
C-F
CF
Yeh
Y-L
YL
Liou
H-R
HR
Hung
C-C
CC
Yang
S-Y
SY
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000401:mortality; D002423:Cause of Death / Q000639:trends; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents