A recombinant subunit vaccine formulation protects against lethal Nipah virus challenge in cats.
Nipah virus (NiV) and Hendra virus (HeV) are closely related deadly zoonotic paramyxoviruses that have emerged and re-emerged over the last 10 years. In this study, a subunit vaccine formulation containing only recombinant, soluble, attachment glycoprotein from HeV (sG(HeV)) and CpG adjuvant was evaluated as a potential NiV vaccine in the cat model. Different amounts of sG(HeV) were employed and sG-induced immunity was examined. Vaccinated animals demonstrated varying levels of NiV-specific Ig systemically and importantly, all vaccinated cats possessed antigen-specific IgA on the mucosa. Upon oronasal challenge with NiV (50,000TCID50), all vaccinated animals were protected from disease although virus was detected on day 21 post-challenge in one animal. The ability to elicit protective systemic and mucosal immunity in this animal model provides significant progress towards the development of a human subunit vaccine against henipaviruses.
CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia.
Jennifer A
JA
McEachern
John
J
Bingham
Gary
G
Crameri
Diane J
DJ
Green
Tim J
TJ
Hancock
Deborah
D
Middleton
Yan-Ru
YR
Feng
Christopher C
CC
Broder
Lin-Fa
LF
Wang
Katharine N
KN
Bossart
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D002415:Cats; D005260:Female; D045464:Henipavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000821:virology; D045405:Nipah Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014556:Urine / Q000821:virology; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins