Livin may serve as a marker for prognosis of bladder cancer relapse and a target of bladder cancer treatment.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the expression of Livin in bladder cancer, investigate its clinical and prognostic implications, and explore the effect of gene Livin transfection on the proliferation and apoptosis in bladder cancer cells.


METHODS
The expression of Livinalpha and beta was detected in 48 bladder cancer samples (G(1) in 23 cases, G(2) in 17 cases, and G(3) in 8 cases. Of the 48 cases, 17 developed relapse) and 15 non-tumor bladder tissues by Western blot and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Livinalpha-pcDNA3.1(+) was constructed and transfected into T24, BIU-87 and EJ bladder cancer cells. The clone activity of the transfected cells was detected by colony formation analysis. MTT was used to determine the cell proliferation assay. Flow cytometry and acridine orange staining were used to examine apoptosis. Caspase 3 activity assay was also measured.


RESULTS
Expression of Livinalpha, but not beta, was detected in 19 of the 48 bladder cancer samples; G(1) was 39.13%, G(2) and G(3) were 41.18% and 37.50%, respectively, which showed no significant (P > 0.05), but not in 15 non-tumor bladder tissues. The positive rate of Livinalpha was significant higher in relapse tumors (58.82%) than in primary tumors (29.03%) (P < 0.05). By the end of 2 years follow-up, the relapse rate in Livin positive patients was 68.42%, and 37.93% in Livin negative group. The difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). Additionally, overexpression of Livinalpha clearly stimulated cell proliferation and inhibited chemical induced apoptosis in bladder cancer cells.


CONCLUSIONS
Livin may serve as a promising marker to identify the relapse risk in bladder cancer, and targeting Livin could offer a therapeutic benefit in apoptosis-inducing treatment.
Department of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Hai-Bo
HB
Liu
Chui-Ze
CZ
Kong
Yu
Y
Zeng
Xian-Kui
XK
Liu
Jian-Bin
JB
Bi
Yuan-Jun
YJ
Jiang
Sheng
S
Han
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C419866:BIRC7 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053148:Caspase 3