Dynamic dissolution testing to establish in vitro/in vivo correlations for montelukast sodium, a poorly soluble drug.
OBJECTIVE
The objectives of the study was to develop a dissolution test method that can be used to predict the oral absorption of montelukast sodium, and to establish an in vitro/in vivo correlation (IVIVC) using computer simulations.


METHODS
Drug solubility was measured in different media. The dissolution behaviour of montelukast sodium 10 mg film coated tablets was studied using the flow-through cell dissolution method following a dynamic pH change protocol, as well as in the USP Apparatus 2. Computer simulations were performed using GastroPlus. Biorelevant dissolution media (BDM) prepared using bile salts and lecithin in buffers was used as the dissolution media, as well as the USP simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) pH 6.8 and blank FaSSIF pH 6.5. Dissolution tests in the USP Apparatus 2 were performed under a constant pH condition, while the pH range used in the flow through cells was pH 2.0 to 7.5. The in vitro data were used as input functions into GastroPlus to simulate the in vivo profiles of the drug.


RESULTS
The solubility of montelukast sodium was low at low pH, but increased as the pH was increased. There was no significant difference in solubility in the pH range of 5.0 to 7.5 in blank buffers, but the drug solubility was higher in biorelevant media compared with the corresponding blank buffers at the same pH. Using the flow through cells, the dissolution rate was fast in simulated gastric fluid containing 0.1% SLS. The dissolution rate slowed down when the medium was changed to FaSSIF pH 6.5 and increased when the medium was changed to FaSSIF medium at pH 7.5. In the USP Apparatus 2, better dissolution was observed in FaSSIF compared with the USP buffers and blank FaSSIF with similar pH values. Dissolution was incomplete with less than 10% of the drug dissolved in the USP-SIF, and was practically non existent in blank FaSSIF pH 6.5. The in vitro results of the dynamic dissolution test were able to predict the clinical data from a bioavailability study best.


CONCLUSIONS
Dynamic dissolution testing using the flow through cell seems to be a powerful tool to establish in vitro/in vivo correlations for poorly soluble drugs as input function into GastroPlus.
Okumu
Arthur
A
Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
DiMaso
Marie
M
Löbenberg
Raimar
R
D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D006801:Humans; D010316:Particle Size; D011804:Quinolines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013440:Sulfides
D000085:Acetates; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; C093875:montelukast