Characterization of high purity lycopene from tomato wastes using a new pressurized extraction approach.
In this paper, a method for the extraction of high purity lycopene from tomato wastes is presented. The method is based on a pressurized extraction that uses the Extractor Naviglio, and it is performed in the 0.7-0.9 MPa range. Tomato skin, the byproduct deriving from manufacturing of tomato, in a water dispersion, are used as starting material. Lycopene is transferred, for the effect of the high pressure used, in the form of molecular aggregates into the water as a dispersion, while apolar compounds remain in the matrix. The aggregates are easily purified in a single subsequent step by using methanol, thus, obtaining lycopene at 98% chromatographic purity or higher. A new stationary phase, phenyl-hexyl silicone, and a simple water/acetonitrile gradient were used for HPLC analysis of lycopene. The extract was characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. An average recovery of 2.8 mg lycopene/kg tomato waste can be obtained after 4 hours of extraction and using tap water as the extracting liquid. The recovery percentage was of about 10%. The exhausted tomato byproduct can be easily dried and used in agriculture or as feeding for animals.
Dipartimento di Scienza degli Alimenti, Universita di Napoli "Federico II", Via Universita 100, 80055 Portici (Napoli), Italy.
Daniele
D
Naviglio
Tonino
T
Caruso
Patrizia
P
Iannece
Alejandro
A
Aragòn
Antonello
A
Santini
D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013053:Spectrophotometry
D007220:Industrial Waste; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene