Topical management of anterior epistaxis: a national survey.
BACKGROUND
The use of nasal creams and ointments in the conservative management of anterior epistaxis is well documented and supported. This study set out to obtain a national opinion, in order to establish current practice.


METHODS
A survey of all Scotland-based otolaryngology clinicians was conducted. Participants were asked which topical treatment they used in their practice, how often and for how long they advocated its use, and how they advised their patients to apply it.


RESULTS
The overall response rate was 91 per cent. We discuss and compare the varying responses for the questions posed, and discuss the possible reasons for these in greater detail.


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates a high degree of variation in this practice, arising from a lack of concrete evidence and influenced by anecdotal experience and personal preferences. Definitive comparative studies are required if a 'gold standard' topical approach for the management of anterior epistaxis is to emerge.
Department of Otolaryngology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, Scotland, UK.
N
N
Kara
C
C
Spinou
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Q
Gardiner
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000628:therapy*; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016712:Mupirocin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009824:Ointments / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000379:methods; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012606:Scotland; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D009824:Ointments; D016712:Mupirocin; D002710:Chlorhexidine