Trends in cigarette smoking: the Minnesota Heart Survey, 1980-1982 through 2000-2002.
This paper reports population-based secular trends in smoking prevalence and tobacco exposure among smokers. The Minnesota Heart Survey (MHS) assessed smoking in probability samples in the seven-county Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. Five surveys were conducted in 1980-1982, 1985-1987, 1990-1992, 1995-1997, and 2000-2002 using similar sampling strategies and consistent protocols. Participants were metropolitan area residents of Minnesota, aged 25-74 years, with the addition of 75-84-year-olds in the last three surveys. In men, age-adjusted self-reported prevalence of current smoking steadily declined from 32.9% in 1980-1982, to 23.0% in 1995-1997, and to 20.6% in 2000-2002. In women, self-reported smoking was 31.8% in 1980-1982, 18.5% in 1995-1997, and 19.5% in the latest survey. Age-adjusted self-reported quantity of cigarettes consumed among smokers declined over the same period. Changes from 1995-1997 to 2000-2002 were not significant. Compared with Whites, Black participants had higher levels of smoking and later onset of the decline in smoking prevalence. A decline in smoking prevalence seems to have leveled off or reversed between the two most recent survey periods (1995-1997 through 2000-2002). Focus on smoking cessation should continue, especially in the subpopulation that smokes more than the majority.
Duval
Sue
S
University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN 55454-1015, USA. duval@epi.umn.edu
Jacobs
David R
DR
Barber
Cheryl
C
Lando
Harry A
HA
Steffen
Lyn M
LM
Arnett
Donna K
DK
Luepker
Russell V
RV
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000639:trends*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000097:blood; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
D013861:Thiocyanates