Nursing implications in the application of conversion therapies on gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender clients.
Conversion therapies, also know as reparative therapies, emphasize homosexual orientations as psychopathology in gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender (GLBT) clients and claim these individuals can reverse their sexual orientation through psychiatric counseling and treatment. Although professional medical and nursing organizations have branded psychiatric interventions designed to change an individual's sexual orientation as unethical, an international movement fueled largely by religious organizations promote such therapies for GLBT persons. This article explores the historical perceptions of homosexuality as psychiatric pathology, efficacy of conversion-based therapies in the changing of clients' homosexual orientations to heterosexual, positions of professional medical and nursing organizations regarding the use of conversion therapies, and ethical considerations these types of therapies pose for psychiatric and mental health nurses.
College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816-2210, USA. cwblackw@mail.ucf.edu
Christopher W
CW
Blackwell
D001348:Aversive Therapy; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000523:psychology*; D002835:Christianity / Q000523:psychology; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005783:Gender Identity; D006716:Homosexuality / Q000523:psychology*; D006806:Human Rights; D006801:Humans; D007599:Judaism / Q000523:psychology; D024802:Nurse's Role; D010344:Patient Advocacy / Q000941:ethics; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration; D011573:Psychoanalytic Interpretation; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group; D012945:Social Values; D012955:Societies, Medical / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration; D012956:Societies, Nursing / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration; D014189:Transsexualism / Q000523:psychology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome