Human metapneumovirus small hydrophobic protein inhibits NF-kappaB transcriptional activity.
Human metapneumovirus, a leading cause of respiratory tract infections in infants, encodes a small hydrophobic (SH) protein of unknown function. In this study, we showed that infection of airway epithelial cells or mice with recombinant human metapneumovirus lacking SH expression (rhMPV-DeltaSH) enhanced secretion of proinflammatory mediators, including interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-8, encoded by two NF-kB-dependent genes, compared to infection with wild-type rhMPV. RhMPV-DeltaSH infection resulted in enhanced NF-kB-dependent gene transcription and in increased levels of phosphorylated and acetylated NF-kB without affecting its nuclear translocation, identifying a possible novel mechanism by which paramyxovirus SH proteins modulate NF-kB activation.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Xiaoyong
X
Bao
Deepthi
D
Kolli
Tianshuang
T
Liu
Yichu
Y
Shan
Roberto P
RP
Garofalo
Antonella
A
Casola
D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D015682:Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic; C056150:small hydrophobic protein, virus