Variation of postprandial PYY 3-36 response following ingestion of differing macronutrient meals in obese females.
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the effect of macronutrient composition of meals on postprandial peptide YY(3-36) (PYY(3-36)) response in obese hyperinsulinemic females.


METHODS
Eight obese females consumed three iso-energetic meals of different macronutrient composition, high carbohydrate (HC; 60% CHO, 20% protein, 20% fat), high fat (HF; 30% CHO, 20% protein, 50% fat) and high protein (HP; 30% CHO, 50% protein, 20% fat), on three separate occasions, 1 month apart. PYY(3-36), insulin and glucose were measured before and 15, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min following each meal.


RESULTS
PYY(3-36) levels increased significantly following the three meals, with the HC meal resulting in a sustained postprandial increase in PYY(3-36) level throughout the experimental period. Comparing the three meals, the HF meal induced a significantly higher increase in postprandial PYY(3-36) levels, at 15 and 30 min as compared to the HP meal (p < 0.05), whereas the postprandial increase following the HP meal became significantly higher than that following the HF meal at 120 min. Postprandial increase in PYY(3-36) was highest in the first hour following the HF meal, while that following the HP meal was delayed by 1 h.


CONCLUSIONS
Increasing both protein and fat content of a meal may induce an immediate and prolonged increase in PYY(3-36), resulting in increased satiety and its maintenance for a longer period of time.
Helou
Nancy
N
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
Obeid
Omar
O
Azar
Sami T
ST
Hwalla
Nahla
N
D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000187:drug effects*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019894:Peptide YY; C061785:peptide YY (3-36)