Procollagen I COOH-terminal fragment induces VEGF-A and CXCR4 expression in breast carcinoma cells.
The COOH-terminal fragment of procollagen type I (C3) is produced in tissues with high synthesis of collagen I, such as in breast cancer stroma and in bone. We previously demonstrated that C3 is chemoattractant for breast carcinoma and endothelial cells, and that in tumor cells it induces expression and activation of metalloproteinases (MMP) -2 and -9. Here we demonstrate that C3 induces expression of vascular-endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and of CXCR4, the receptor of the CXCL12/SDF-1 chemokine, in MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells. We show that the changes in gene expression and motility induced by C3 occur in a timely succession and are mediated by multiple and different signaling pathways. C3 induces early phosphorylation of p38/MAPK. Induction of VEGF expression requires continual activity of p38/MAPK and of Protein Kinase C (PKC). Pro-MMP-2 and -9 are induced through a signaling pathway involving G0alpha.i protein, and cell migration requires the activity of a combination of these signaling pathways. Our results suggest that C3 acts as a stromal-derived, cancer-promoting agent active in inducing the migratory phenotype and the survival of cancer cells and determining timely changes in their gene expression that establish conditions promoting tumor angiogenesis and invasion.
Palmieri
D
D
Laboratorio di Genetica, Dip. Biologia, Università di Genova, Italy.
Astigiano
S
S
Barbieri
O
O
Ferrari
N
N
Marchisio
S
S
Ulivi
V
V
Volta
C
C
Manduca
P
P
D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000502:physiology; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D039942:Neuropilin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011347:Procollagen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D024042:Collagen Type I; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011347:Procollagen; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D039942:Neuropilin-1; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go