Evidence for benefits from treating cervical ectopy: literature review.
OBJECTIVE
Uterine cervical ectopy (cervical erosion) is today considered to be a physiological condition, but there still seems to be a strong tendency towards treating it. The purpose of this study was to review the medical literature for evidence regarding benefits from treating cervical ectopy.


METHODS
The following databases were reviewed: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Excerpta Medica Database (Embase), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) and Cochrane Library databases. In addition, six medical textbooks were consulted.


RESULTS
The review showed that: 1) there is probably an association between ectopy and higher risk of Chlamydia trachomatis, human papillomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus infection; 4) there is probably an association between ectopy and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; 5) there is an association between ectopy and mucous discharge and nocturia; and 6) there is no evidence of an association between ectopy and cervical cancer, or of protection against cervical cancer associated with ectopy treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
1) No data were found in the medical literature to support routine treatment for ectopy; 2) Treatment could be recommended for symptom relief, but more symptoms are attributed to ectopy than could be demonstrated in a controlled study; 3) Further studies to test the hypothesis of protection against cervical cancer associated with treatment are necessary.
Machado Junior
Luís Carlos
LC
Centro de Saúde Escola Samuel Barnsley Pessoa, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. csesbp@usp.br
Dalmaso
Ana Sílvia Whitaker
AS
Carvalho
Heráclito Barbosa de
HB
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D002425:Cautery; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D004564:Electrocoagulation; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000473:pathology; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002579:Uterine Cervical Erosion / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control