Typhoid vaccination: the Asian experience.
The WHO has recently issued updated recommendations for the programmatic use of new-generation typhoid vaccines in high-risk areas of countries where typhoid fever is still endemic. Countries have subsequently been instructed to discuss how these recommendations can be implemented and to develop plans for targeted typhoid vaccination. These plans can be informed by the experiences with typhoid vaccination that several Asian countries have had. This article reviews past and current typhoid vaccination programs that have taken place in Thailand (using the old whole-cell vaccine) and in China, Vietnam and India (using the new-generation injectable Vi polysaccharide vaccine). This review also describes recent typhoid Vi vaccine demonstration projects that were conducted in five Asian countries.
Social Science Research and Institutional Development, International Vaccine Institute, San 4-8 Bongcheon-7-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-818, Republic of Korea. dderoeck@ivi.int
Denise
D
DeRoeck
R Leon
RL
Ochiai
Jin
J
Yang
Dang Duc
DD
Anh
Vibha
V
Alag
John D
JD
Clemens
D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D022121:Cholera Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D032541:Mass Vaccination; D014195:Travel; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*
D022121:Cholera Vaccines; D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines