Molecular assessment of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1 in Brazil: evidence of clonal replacement.
In Brazil, serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most prevalent causes of severe infection. This study investigated the genetic relatedness of 134 serotype 1 isolates obtained from invasive diseases during the period 1977-2005. Molecular typing by PFGE revealed two major lineages using visual inspection and computer analysis. Type A comprised 94 isolates (70.2 %) with four subtypes, whereas type B comprised 40 isolates (29.8 %) with eight subtypes. Subtype A3, the most frequent genotype, accounting for 65 % of the total isolates, was identified as a representative of clone Sweden(1)-40 (ST304). Type B was predominant in the period 1977-1988. In contrast, an increase in the type A lineage was detected from 1990 in Brazil, significantly associated with isolates recovered from pneumonia cases and from young patients. This study clearly established a temporal switch between two lineages of S. pneumoniae serotype 1 in Brazil, with a wide dispersion of clone Sweden(1)-40 in recent years.
Bacteriology Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
Ana-Carolina
AC
Chiou
Division of Infectious Diseases, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Soraya Sgambatti
SS
Andrade
Bacteriology Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
Samanta Cristine G
SCG
Almeida
Bacteriology Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rosemeire Cobo
RC
Zanella
Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil.
Ana-Lúcia
AL
Andrade
Bacteriology Department, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
Maria-Cristina de Cunto
MC
Brandileone
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*