The procyanidin-mediated induction of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells is not dependent on p21(Cip1/WAF1).
Previous studies have shown that the proanthocyanidin-mediated induction of apoptosis and arrest of the cell cycle in cancer cells was associated with up-regulation of p21(Cip1/WAF1) (p21), suggesting that p21 may be the molecular mediator of the observed effects. Here we show that procyanidins induce a rapid and sustained arrest of the cell cycle, and increase apoptosis, concomitant with an increase in p21 expression. However, blocking the PA-induced up-regulation of p21 expression with siRNA did not alter PA-mediated changes in apoptosis and cell cycle, demonstrating that p21 is not responsible for the PA-induced effects.
Institute of Food Research, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UA, UK.
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R
Pierini
P A
PA
Kroon
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S
Guyot
I T
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Johnson
N J
NJ
Belshaw
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002392:Catechin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D044946:Biflavonoids; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C017674:procyanidin; D002392:Catechin