Association between dietary fiber and markers of systemic inflammation in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.
OBJECTIVE
Systemic inflammation may play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. Few studies have comprehensively assessed the direct relations between dietary fiber and inflammatory cytokines, especially in minority populations. Using baseline data from 1958 postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study, we examined cross-sectional associations between dietary fiber intake and markers of systemic inflammation (including serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], interleukin-6 [IL-6], and tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor-2 [TNF-alpha-R2]) in addition to differences in these associations by ethnicity.


METHODS
Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the relation between fiber intake and makers of systemic inflammation.


RESULTS
After adjustment for covariates, intakes of dietary fiber were inversely associated with IL-6 (P values for trend were 0.01 for total fiber, 0.004 for soluble fiber, and 0.001 for insoluble fiber) and TNF-alpha-R2 (P values for trend were 0.002 for total, 0.02 for soluble, and <0.001 for insoluble fibers). Although the samples were small in minority Americans, results were generally consistent with those found among European Americans. We did not observe any significant association between intake of dietary fiber and hs-CRP.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings lend support to the hypothesis that a high-fiber diet is associated with lower plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-alpha-R2. Contrary to previous reports, however, there was no association between fiber and hs-CRP among postmenopausal women. Future studies on the influence of diet on inflammation should include IL-6 and TNF-alpha-R2 and enroll participants from ethnic minorities.
Ma
Yunsheng
Y
Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA. Yunsheng.Ma@umassmed.edu
Hébert
James R
JR
Li
Wenjun
W
Bertone-Johnson
Elizabeth R
ER
Olendzki
Barbara
B
Pagoto
Sherry L
SL
Tinker
Lesley
L
Rosal
Milagros C
MC
Ockene
Ira S
IS
Ockene
Judith K
JK
Griffith
Jennifer A
JA
Liu
Simin
S
D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000097:blood*; D014481:United States
D015415:Biomarkers; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D015850:Interleukin-6; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D002097:C-Reactive Protein