Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-associated apolipoprotein C-III production is stimulated by plasma free fatty acids in humans.
OBJECTIVE
Insulin resistant states are associated with increased fatty acid flux to liver and intestine, which stimulates the production of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL). ApoC-III production and plasma and TRL concentrations are increased in insulin resistance and may contribute to the hypertriglyceridemia of these conditions. The mechanism underlying that increase is not known, but because apoC-III and VLDL production are closely linked we hypothesized that FFAs may stimulate TRL apoC-III production.


RESULTS
We used Intralipid/heparin (IH) to raise plasma FFA in 12 healthy men in the fed state, and stable isotopes to examine apoC-III metabolism. TRL apoC-III concentration was significantly higher in the IH study, and this increase was associated with higher production (PR) and fractional catabolic rate (FCR). The increase in production was greater than in FCR (90% versus 30%, respectively), accounting for the elevated concentration. Glycerol infusion had no effect on apoC-III concentration, PR, or FCR compared to saline, indicating that the effect was not attributable to glycerol released from intralipid.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings confirm that TRL apoC-III production is stimulated by an acute elevation of plasma FFAs, suggesting a novel regulatory pathway that may play a role in the overproduction of TRL apoC-III in insulin resistant states.
Pavlic
Mirjana
M
Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada.
Valéro
René
R
Duez
Hélène
H
Xiao
Changting
C
Szeto
Linda
L
Patterson
Bruce W
BW
Lewis
Gary F
GF
D000328:Adult; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III / Q000097:blood*; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D006493:Heparin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008066:Lipolysis; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011897:Random Allocation; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D015854:Up-Regulation
D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D006493:Heparin; D005990:Glycerol