Plasmacytoid precursor dendritic cells from NOD mice exhibit impaired function: are they a component of diabetes pathogenesis?
OBJECTIVE
Plasmacytoid precursor dendritic cell facilitating cells (p-preDC FCs) play a critical role in facilitation of syngeneic and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) engraftment. Here, we evaluated the phenotype and function of CD8(+)/TCR(-) FCs from NOD mice.


METHODS
The phenotype of CD8(+)/TCR(-) FCs was analyzed by flow cytometry using sorted FCs from NOD, NOR, or B6 mice. The function of NOD FCs was evaluated by colony-forming cell (CFC) assay in vitro and syngeneic or allogeneic HSC transplantation in vivo.


RESULTS
We report for the first time that NOD FCs are functionally impaired. They fail to facilitate engraftment of syngeneic and allogeneic HSCs in vivo and do not enhance HSC clonogenicity in vitro. NOD FCs contain subpopulations similar to those previously described in B6 FCs, including p-preDC, CD19(+), NK1.1(+)DX5(+), and myeloid cells. However, the CD19(+) and NK1.1(+)DX5(+) subpopulations are significantly decreased in number in NOD FCs compared with disease-resistant controls. Removal of the CD19(+) or NK1.1(+)DX5(+) subpopulations from FCs did not significantly affect facilitation. Notably, Flt3 ligand (FL) treatment of NOD donors expanded FC total in peripheral blood and restored facilitating function in vivo.


CONCLUSIONS
These data demonstrate that NOD FCs exhibit significantly impaired function that is reversible, since FL restored production of functional FCs in NOD mice and suggest that FL plays an important role in the regulation and development of FC function. FCs may therefore be linked to diabetes pathogenesis and prevention.
Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
Yiming
Y
Huang
Isabelle J
IJ
Fugier-Vivier
Thomas
T
Miller
Mary J
MJ
Elliott
Hong
H
Xu
Larry D
LD
Bozulic
Paula M
PM
Chilton
Suzanne T
ST
Ildstad
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000378:metabolism; D000950:Antigens, Ly; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D055651:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D018941:Antigens, CD19; D000950:Antigens, Ly; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015415:Biomarkers; D039481:CD11b Antigen; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; C527211:Klrb1c protein, mouse; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D055651:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; C084881:flt3 ligand protein