The physiological basis of intracrine stem cell regulation.
Intracrine peptides and proteins participate in the regulation of adult and pleuripotential embryonic-like stem cells. Included among these factors are VEGF, dynorphin, the readthrough form of acetylcholinesterase, Oct3/4, Pdx-1, Pax-6, and high-mobility group protein B1, among others. In some cases, the establishment of intracrine feedback loops can be shown to be relevant to this regulation, consistent with previously proposed principles of intracrine action. Here the role of intracrines in stem cell regulation is reviewed, with particular attention to the intracrine regulation of cardiac stem cells. The reprogramming of cells to restore the pleuripotent phenotype and the possible role of stem/progenitor cells in neoplasia are also discussed.
Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA. rre@ochsner.org
Richard N
RN
Re
Julia L
JL
Cook
D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors