The five D's of botulinum toxin: doses, dilution, diffusion, duration and dogma.
The purpose of this review is to update cosmetic dermatologists and surgeons on the latest information about botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of the face and neck and to provide a practical guide to effective and safe technique. We review indications, recommended doses and dilutions, storage recommendations and injection techniques.
de Sa Earp
Ana Paula
AP
The Mount Sinai Medical Center, Dermatology, New York, NY, USA. ana_earp@yahoo.com
Marmur
Ellen S
ES
D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004356:Drug Storage; D005145:Face; D006801:Humans; D009333:Neck; D018579:Patient Selection; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*
D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A