Tissue-based research in kidney cancer: current challenges and future directions.
The past several years have seen unprecedented advances in the application of various therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with renal cancer. The availability of active immunotherapy, antiangiogenic therapy, and targeted therapy for this disease has brought front and center issues related to choosing the appropriate treatment for particular patient populations. It is increasingly evident that the most promising treatment selection strategies will incorporate identifying specific features of the tumor itself. To facilitate this move toward personalized medicine, it is critically important to establish some standard principles for renal cancer tissue collection, preparation, and analysis for translational research studies. In this article, we identify and discuss some critical issues related to tissue-based kidney cancer research. We focus on five major areas as follows: (a) surgical and image-guided techniques for tissue collection; (b) quality control of specimen collection, processing, storage, and review; (c) issues related to analysis of paraffin embedded tissues; (d) genomic studies; and (e) assessment of reproducibility of assays across institutions. In addition, some practical implementation strategies are proposed. Although many of the topics discussed are specific for renal cancer, several are also relevant to tissue based biomarker investigations in a broad array of malignancies.
Signoretti
Sabina
S
Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. ssignoretti@partners.org
Bratslavsky
Gennady
G
Waldman
Frederick M
FM
Reuter
Victor E
VE
Haaga
John
J
Merino
Maria
M
Thomas
George V
GV
Pins
Michael R
MR
Libermann
Towia
T
Gillespie
John
J
Tomaszewski
Joseph E
JE
Compton
Carolyn C
CC
Hruszkewycz
Andrew
A
Linehan
W Marston
WM
Atkins
Michael B
MB
D000465:Algorithms; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008954:Models, Biological; D016612:Paraffin Embedding / Q000379:methods; D011786:Quality Control; D012107:Research Design; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D014015:Tissue Banks; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor