Migration of bisphenol A into water from polycarbonate baby bottles during microwave heating.
A comprehensive migration database was established for bisphenol A from polycarbonate baby bottles into water during exposure to microwave heating. Eighteen different brands of polycarbonate baby bottles sold in Europe were collected. Initial residual content of bisphenol A and migration after microwave heating were determined. Residual content of bisphenol A in the polycarbonate baby bottles ranged from 1.4 to 35.3 mg kg(-1). Migration of bisphenol A was determined by placing a polycarbonate bottle filled with water in a microwave oven and heating to 100 degrees C; the level of bisphenol A in the water was analysed by GC-MS. The procedure of microwave heating and analysis was repeated twice for the same bottle and, thus, three migration extracts were prepared for each test specimen. Migration of bisphenol A into water ranged from <0.1 to 0.7 microg l(-1). There was no correlation between the amount of residual content of bisphenol A in the bottles and the migration of bisphenol A into water. Furthermore, there was no correlation between the amounts of bisphenol A in consecutive migration extracts. Data show that during three microwave-heating cycles of a baby bottle made from polycarbonate, microwave radiation had no effect on the migration of bisphenol A into water from polycarbonate. All levels found were well below the specific migration limit of 0.6 mg kg(-1) specified for bisphenol A in Commission Directive 2004/19/EC.
TNO Quality of Life, Zeist, The Netherlands. karl.ehlert@tno.nl
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Ehlert
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Beumer
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Groot
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001903:Bottle Feeding; D003297:Cooking and Eating Utensils; D005060:Europe; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D018857:Food Packaging; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000737:chemistry*; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; C005506:polycarbonate; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds