Characterization of high purity lycopene from tomato wastes using a new pressurized extraction approach.
In this paper, a method for the extraction of high purity lycopene from tomato wastes is presented. The method is based on a pressurized extraction that uses the Extractor Naviglio, and it is performed in the 0.7-0.9 MPa range. Tomato skin, the byproduct deriving from manufacturing of tomato, in a water dispersion, are used as starting material. Lycopene is transferred, for the effect of the high pressure used, in the form of molecular aggregates into the water as a dispersion, while apolar compounds remain in the matrix. The aggregates are easily purified in a single subsequent step by using methanol, thus, obtaining lycopene at 98% chromatographic purity or higher. A new stationary phase, phenyl-hexyl silicone, and a simple water/acetonitrile gradient were used for HPLC analysis of lycopene. The extract was characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. An average recovery of 2.8 mg lycopene/kg tomato waste can be obtained after 4 hours of extraction and using tap water as the extracting liquid. The recovery percentage was of about 10%. The exhausted tomato byproduct can be easily dried and used in agriculture or as feeding for animals.
Naviglio
Daniele
D
Dipartimento di Scienza degli Alimenti, Universita di Napoli "Federico II", Via Universita 100, 80055 Portici (Napoli), Italy.
Caruso
Tonino
T
Iannece
Patrizia
P
Aragòn
Alejandro
A
Santini
Antonello
A
D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013053:Spectrophotometry
D007220:Industrial Waste; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene