Trends in cigarette smoking: the Minnesota Heart Survey, 1980-1982 through 2000-2002.
This paper reports population-based secular trends in smoking prevalence and tobacco exposure among smokers. The Minnesota Heart Survey (MHS) assessed smoking in probability samples in the seven-county Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. Five surveys were conducted in 1980-1982, 1985-1987, 1990-1992, 1995-1997, and 2000-2002 using similar sampling strategies and consistent protocols. Participants were metropolitan area residents of Minnesota, aged 25-74 years, with the addition of 75-84-year-olds in the last three surveys. In men, age-adjusted self-reported prevalence of current smoking steadily declined from 32.9% in 1980-1982, to 23.0% in 1995-1997, and to 20.6% in 2000-2002. In women, self-reported smoking was 31.8% in 1980-1982, 18.5% in 1995-1997, and 19.5% in the latest survey. Age-adjusted self-reported quantity of cigarettes consumed among smokers declined over the same period. Changes from 1995-1997 to 2000-2002 were not significant. Compared with Whites, Black participants had higher levels of smoking and later onset of the decline in smoking prevalence. A decline in smoking prevalence seems to have leveled off or reversed between the two most recent survey periods (1995-1997 through 2000-2002). Focus on smoking cessation should continue, especially in the subpopulation that smokes more than the majority.
University of Minnesota, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, Minneapolis, MN 55454-1015, USA. duval@epi.umn.edu
Sue
S
Duval
David R
DR
Jacobs
Cheryl
C
Barber
Harry A
HA
Lando
Lyn M
LM
Steffen
Donna K
DK
Arnett
Russell V
RV
Luepker
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000639:trends*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000097:blood; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
D013861:Thiocyanates