title: [Clinical study of pulmonary infection in kidney transplantation recipients taking new immunosuppressant].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the etiopathogenesis, therapy and incidence of pulmonary infection in kidney transplantation recipients taking new immunosuppressant.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data from 752 kidney transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed, who were divided into 3 groups according to the immunosuppressants administered, namely group A (CsA+MMF+Pred, n=226), group B (FK506+MMF+Pred, n=386) and group C (FK506+Rap+Pred, n=140). The incidence and mortality of pulmonary infection were recorded and the analysis of etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of pulmonary infection were carried out in the 3 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three patients acquired post-transplant pulmonary infection. The incidence of pulmonary infection was 7.08% (16/226) in group A, 7.25% (28/386) in group B and 6.43% (9/140) in group C. One patient died in group A and 2 in group B. Among the 53 patients, 24 had simple bacterial infection, 9 had cytomegalovirus infection, 1 had mycotic infection, 17 had combined infection, and 2 had unidentified pathogen infection. Of the pathogenic bacteria detected, 68.35% were Gram-negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gram-negative bacteria are most likely responsible for pulmonary infection after kidney transplantation, which most possibly occurs within 6 months after kidney transplantation. Early diagnosis and early treatment are critical for decreasing the mortality of severe pneumonia and for improving the survival rate of the patients and grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organ Transplantation, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. zhangyanxuan@xxmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Yan-Xuan
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li-Xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Shao-Jie
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Jun-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xiao-You
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D016559:Tacrolimus