title: Striatal activity underlies novelty-based choice in humans.
abstract: The desire to seek new and unfamiliar experiences is a fundamental behavioral tendency in humans and other species. In economic decision making, novelty seeking is often rational, insofar as uncertain options may prove valuable and advantageous in the long run. Here, we show that, even when the degree of perceptual familiarity of an option is unrelated to choice outcome, novelty nevertheless drives choice behavior. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we show that this behavior is specifically associated with striatal activity, in a manner consistent with computational accounts of decision making under uncertainty. Furthermore, this activity predicts interindividual differences in susceptibility to novelty. These data indicate that the brain uses perceptual novelty to approximate choice uncertainty in decision making, which in certain contexts gives rise to a newly identified and quantifiable source of human irrationality.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, 12 Queen Square, London WC1N3BG, UK. b.wittmann@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Bianca C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Wittmann
authors.forename: Nathaniel D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Daw
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seymour
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dolan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000502:physiology*; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology