title: Application of poly ethylene glycol hydrogel to overcome latex urinary catheter related problems.
abstract: Urinary catheterization is a routine procedure in an intensive care unit (ICU) for monitoring the urine output of critically ill patients. The catheters which are most often used to help with urinary incontinence and retention also face problems like blockage, leakage and infection. These problems are due to proteins that adhere to the catheter surface and quickly build up on each other forming a protein layer. As the layers build up they can crystallize, providing the major source of blockage and leakage. Current strategies to avoid these problems include coating a catheter with silver alloy to reduce bacteria on the catheter surface. However, silver alloy coatings can lead to increased silver resistance for bacteria. Since silver is already used as an antibacterial agent in many places in a hospital, it is even more possible that resistance can develop. An alternative solution is presented involving coating latex, a common urinary catheter material with a micro layer (5-100 microns) of polyethylene glycol. This hydrogel is applied using an interfacial photopolymerization process with ethyl eosin as the photoinitiator. A 25 ppm concentration of ethyl eosin provided the strongest gel to surface adhesion and significantly lowered protein adhesion when compared to an uncoated latex substrate.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Department, Sathyabama University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. sriram8587@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sriram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sankar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rajalakshmi
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS) / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D007840:Latex / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D020100:Hydrogels; D007840:Latex; D011506:Proteins; C532486:ethyl eosin; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS)