title: Gastrojejunal stomal reduction with the T-tag device in porcine models (with videos).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is the most commonly performed bariatric operation in the United States. Gastrojejunal (GJ) stomal dilatation associated with weight regain is a late complication. Surgical revision is usually required for stomal or pouch reduction.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose was to evaluate the technical feasibility, efficacy, and safety of stomal reduction with endoscopic T-tag devices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective nonsurvival studies were conducted in pigs (n = 2, 110 pounds each).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three GJ stomas were created in each pig through a midline laparotomy by using circular staplers. Endoscopic GJ stomal reduction/revision was performed on these newly created stomas with an Olympus T-tag device. Necropsy was performed to examine the deployed T-tag locations and procedure-related adjacent tissue/organ injury and to assess the effectiveness of stomal reduction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endoscopic stomal revision was performed on 5 stomas with moderate stomal reduction. One GJ stoma could not be accessed easily by endoscopy because of the small size of the gastric pouch. An average of 4 T-tag devices was deployed around each stoma. The procedural time was about 61 +/- 12 minutes for each stomal reduction. Overall, 26 of 39 (66.7%) T-bars were deployed in accepted locations. The stomas were reduced from 1.60 +/- 0.21 mm x 1.44 +/- 0.14 mm to 1.28 +/- 0.29 mm x 0.98 +/- 0.17 mm and the percentage of stomal reduction was 27.3% +/- 13.3%. In the end, a therapeutic gastroscope could not be advanced through the reduced stomas. In 2 stomas, 5 of 39 (12.8%) T-bars injured or attached to the adjacent organs: isolated stomach and abdominal wall.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonsurvival pig studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic stomal reduction with T-tag device is technically feasible and effective in two thirds of trials. However, it is associated with a small risk of adjacent organ/tissue injury with the current prototype device and deployment method.
authors.affiliation: Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9151, USA.
authors.forename: Shou-Jiang
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Christopher O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Olukoga
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Provost
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hogg
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Livingston
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D000713:Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery; D054047:Surgical Stomas; D013552:Swine; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014741:Video Recording