title: Urodynamic evaluation in diabetic patients with prostate enlargement and lower urinary tract symptoms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in men over 50 years of age due to prostate enlargement. Diabetes mellitus is also more prevalent in this group. LUTS may result from bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) secondary to prostate enlargement or bladder dysfunction secondary to diabetes or even from a combination of both.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of BOO and other urodynamic abnormalities in diabetic patients with LUTS and enlarged prostate. A secondary objective was to assess the predictive value of non-invasive tests for BOO diagnosis in this group of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  50 consecutive diabetic patients with enlarged prostate and LUTS were evaluated by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), ultrasonography and urodynamics. BOO diagnosis was based on pressure/flow measurements according to the International Continence Society's standards.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 50 patients in the study, 23 (46%) had BOO. There was no correlation between the IPSS, uroflowmetry, post-voiding residual urine or prostate volume and the presence of BOO (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a relatively low prevalence of BOO in diabetic patients with prostate enlargement and LUTS. Non-invasive tests did not allow the identification of these subjects. Only urodynamic evaluation is able to determine symptom etiology.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Tadeu
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Dib
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trigo-Rocha
authors.forename: Cristiano Mendes
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srougi
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011336:Probability; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014563:Urodynamics