Agonist-selective signaling is determined by the receptor location within the membrane domains.
The basis for agonist-selective signaling was investigated by using the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) as a model. In the absence of agonist, MOR located within the lipid raft domains, whereas etorphine, but not morphine, induced the translocation of MOR from lipid raft to nonraft domains, similar to the action of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin. The etorphine-induced MOR translocation required the dissociation of the receptor from Galphai2 first and then the binding of beta-arrestin. In contrast, the low affinity of the morphine-MOR complex for beta-arrestin and the rebinding of Galphai2 after GTP hydrolysis retained the complex within the lipid raft domains. Disruption of the MOR-Galphai2 interaction, either by deleting the (276)RRITR(280) sequence of MOR or knocking down the level of Galphai2, resulted in the translocation of MOR to the nonraft domains. In addition, lipid raft location of MOR was critical for G protein-dependent signaling, such as etorphine- and morphine-mediated inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity and morphine-induced ERK phosphorylation, whereas beta-arrestin-dependent, etorphine-induced ERK phosphorylation required MOR to translocate into the nonraft domains. Thus, agonist-selective signaling is regulated by the location of MOR, which is determined by interactions of MOR with G proteins and beta-arrestin.
Zheng
Hui
H
Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street Southeast, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0217, USA. zhen0091@umn.edu
Chu
Ji
J
Qiu
Yu
Y
Loh
Horace H
HH
Law
Ping-Yee
PY
D000818:Animals; D019390:Arrestins / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005048:Etorphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051960:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000819:agonists*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D000071557:beta-Arrestins; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000494:pharmacology
D019390:Arrestins; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D000071557:beta-Arrestins; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D005576:Colforsin; D005048:Etorphine; D009020:Morphine; D051960:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunit, Gi2; C031215:betadex