title: Serum and tissue biomarkers as predictive and prognostic variables in epithelial ovarian cancer.
abstract: Tumour stage, residual disease after initial surgery, histological type and tumour grade are the most important clinical-pathological factors related to the clinical outcome of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. In the last years, several investigations have assessed different biological variables in sera and in tissue samples from patients with this malignancy in order to detect biomarkers able to reflect either the response to chemotherapy or survival. The present paper reviewed the literature data about the predictive or prognostic relevance of serum CA 125, soluble cytokeratin fragments, serum human kallikreins, serum cytokines, serum vascular endothelial growth factor and plasma d-dimer as well as of tissue expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-regulatory proteins, human telomerase reverse transcriptase, membrane tyrosine kinase receptors and matrix metalloproteinases. A next future microarray technology will hopefully offer interesting perspectives of translational research for the identification of novel predictive and prognostic biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Procreative Medicine, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Pisa, Via Roma 56, Pisa 56127, Italy. a.gadducci@obgyn.med.unipi.it
authors.forename: Angiolo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gadducci
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cosio
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tana
authors.forename: Andrea Riccardo
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Genazzani
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor