title: Computerized physician order entry of medications and clinical decision support can improve problem list documentation compliance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The problem list is a key and required element of the electronic medical record (EMR). Problem lists may contribute substantially to patient safety and quality of care. Physician documentation of the problem list is often lower than desired. Methods are needed to improve accuracy and completeness of the problem list.
  
  
  METHODS
  An automated clinical decision support (CDS) intervention was designed utilizing a commercially available EMR with computerized physician order entry (CPOE) and CDS. The system was based on alerts delivered during inpatient medication CPOE that prompted clinicians to add a diagnosis to the problem list. Each alert was studied for a 2-month period after implementation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measures included alert validity, alert yield, and accuracy of problem list additions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At a 450 bed teaching hospital, the number of medication orders which triggered alerts during all 2-month study periods was 1011. For all the alerts, the likelihood of a valid alert (an alert that occurred in patients with one of the predefined diagnoses) was 96+/-1%. The alert yield, defined as occuring when an alert led to addition of a problem to the problem list, was 76+/-2%. Accurate problem list additions, defined as additions of problems when the problem was determined to be present by expert review, was 95+/-1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CDS problem list mechanism was integrated into the process of medication order placement and promoted relatively accurate addition of problems to the EMR problem list.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States. billg@uic.edu
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Galanter
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Hier
authors.forename: Chiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jao
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarne
mesh_terms: D020000:Decision Support Systems, Clinical / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D004282:Documentation; D004360:Drug Therapy, Computer-Assisted; D055695:Electronic Prescribing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050316:Medical Order Entry Systems / Q000592:standards*; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008510:Medication Systems, Hospital; D010820:Physicians; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D017751:Safety Management