title: Application of mode-of-action considerations in human cancer risk assessment.
abstract: The distinction between carcinogens with DNA-reactive and epigenetic modes of action and the application of mode-of-action considerations to risk assessment is reviewed. A bioindicator-based risk assessment strategy is described. This approach involves the use of mechanistic data to establish a "toxicologically insignificant daily intake".
authors.affiliation: New York Medical College, Pathology Department, BSB Room no. 413, Valhalla, NY, USA. gary_williams@nymc.edu
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D004247:DNA