Drive for leanness: assessment and relationship to gender, gender role and objectification.
Three components of body image - drive for thinness (DT), drive for muscularity (DM), and drive for leanness (DL) - were assessed in 232 college students. A new measure of DL was developed. Data suggested that the new scale yielded valid and reliable scores. The relationships of gender, gender norm endorsement, and self-objectification to DT, DM, and DL were examined. The surveillance subscale of the OBC Scale was related to DL, DT, and DM in men and to DL and DT in women. Gender norm endorsement, specifically romantic relationships, moderated the relationship of surveillance to DT in women. Gender norm endorsement was directly related to DM and DT in men. DLS appeared to measure a distinct component of body image. Feminine gender role was only related to DT while masculine gender role was related to DL, DT, and DM, raising important questions about the gender differences in body image.
Smolak
Linda
L
Department of Psychology, Kenyon College, Gambier, OH 43022, USA. smolak@kenyon.edu
Murnen
Sarah K
SK
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D001828:Body Image; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004328:Drive; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013008:Somatotypes; D013851:Thinness / Q000523:psychology*