title: Extensive ureteral stricture after percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a previously unreported long term complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy for exclusive renal stone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 30-years-old woman underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy for a obstructive pelvic stone, through inferior calix access achieving a stone free status. During the procedure occurred an inadvertent pelvis perforation, but the early evolution was otherwise uneventful. Patient was asymptomatic during the follow-up. However, a urinary ultrasound disclosed important pielocalyceal dilation, and further investigation demonstrated extensive proximal ureteral stricture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ureteral stricture may rarely occur as a late complication of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. A review of the literature of this quite uncommon complication was performed and the authors discuss the possible etiology and preventive measures.
authors.affiliation: Endourology Section, Discipline of Urology, ABC Medical School, Santo André, Brazil. Iopes.neto@superig.com.br
authors.forename: Antonio Corrêa
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lopes Neto
authors.forename: Mário Henrique Elias
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: de Mattos
authors.forename: Matheus Neves Ribeiro
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Eric Roger
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Wroclawski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000628:therapy; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology*