title: In vivo association between positive coronary artery remodelling and coronary plaque characteristics assessed by intravascular optical coherence tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Positive coronary arterial remodelling has been shown to be associated with unstable coronary syndromes and ex vivo histological characteristics of plaque vulnerability such as a large lipid core and high macrophage content. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vivo association between coronary artery remodelling and underlying plaque characteristics identified by optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT is a unique imaging modality capable of characterizing these important morphological features of vulnerable plaque.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OCT and intravascular ultrasound imaging was performed at corresponding sites in patients undergoing catheterization. OCT plaque characteristics for lipid content, fibrous cap thickness, and macrophage density were derived using previously validated criteria. Thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) was defined as lipid-rich plaque (two or more quadrants) with fibrous cap thickness <65 microm. Remodelling index (RI) was calculated as the ratio of the lesion to the reference external elastic membrane area. A total of 54 lesions from 48 patients were imaged. Positive remodelling compared with absent or negative remodelling was more commonly associated with lipid-rich plaque (100 vs. 60 vs. 47.4%, P = 0.01), a thin fibrous cap (median 40.2 vs. 51.6 vs. 87 microm, P = 0.003) and the presence of TCFA (80 vs. 38.5 vs. 5.6%, P < 0.001). Fibrous cap macrophage density was also higher in plaques with positive remodelling showing a positive linear correlation with the RI (r = 0.60, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary plaques with positive remodelling exhibit characteristic features of vulnerable plaque. This may explain the link between positive remodelling and unstable clinical presentations.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, GRB 800, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Owen Christopher
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Raffel
authors.forename: Faisal M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Merchant
authors.forename: Guillermo J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Tearney
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.forename: Denise Dejoseph
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pomerantsev
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Brett E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Bouma
authors.forename: Ik-Kyung
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Jang
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids