title: Enhanced negative feedback responses in remitted depression.
abstract: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by hypersensitivity to negative feedback that might involve frontocingulate dysfunction. MDD patients exhibit enhanced electrophysiological responses to negative internal (errors) and external (feedback) cues. Whether this dysfunction extends to remitted depressed (RD) individuals with a history of MDD is currently unknown. To address this issue, we examined the feedback-related negativity in RD and control participants using a probabilistic punishment learning task. Despite equivalent behavioral performance, RD participants showed larger feedback-related negativities to negative feedback relative to controls; group differences remained after accounting for residual anxiety and depressive symptoms. The present findings suggest that abnormal responses to negative feedback extend to samples at increased risk for depressive episodes in the absence of current symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Diane L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Santesso
authors.forename: Katherine T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bogdan
authors.forename: Avram J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Christen M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Deveney
authors.forename: Tiffany M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Meites
authors.forename: Diego A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Pizzagalli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D003265:Contingent Negative Variation / Q000502:physiology; D003863:Depression / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005246:Feedback / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011337:Probability Learning; D011930:Reaction Time; D013997:Time Factors