title: Atrial gap junctions, NF-kappaB and fibrosis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery: the relationship with postoperative atrial fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the role of atrial gap junctions, NF-kappaB and fibrosis in the occurrence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients with sinus rhythm were randomly assigned to the beating heart (n = 22) or cardioplegic cardiac arrest (n = 23) technique for surgery. Of them, 14 patients experienced post-CABG AF. Atrial samples taken before and after CABG surgery were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During surgery, Cx43 and Cx40 proteins were significantly reduced (both p < 0.05) in the arrested heart group, but only mildly decreased in the beating heart group. However, the change of either connexin was not associated with AF. In contrast, patients with AF had a higher baseline expression of NF-kappaB and more fibrosis compared to those without AF (both p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CABG surgery with the beating heart technique attenuated the reduction of atrial Cx43 and Cx40 compared to the cardioplegic cardiac arrest technique. Atrial inflammation and fibrosis status before surgery, but not the changes of connexins during surgery, were associated with the occurrence of post-CABG AF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Jiun-Yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Hung-I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Chia-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Shye-Jao
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Fang-Yue
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000378:metabolism; D017630:Connexins / Q000378:metabolism; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000097003:Gap Junction alpha-5 Protein
chemical_list: D018031:Connexin 43; D017630:Connexins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000097003:Gap Junction alpha-5 Protein; C500216:GJA1 protein, human