title: Bone responses to titanium implants surface-roughened by sandblasted and double etched treatments in a rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate bone responses to titanium implants surface-roughened by sandblasted and double-etched treatments in a rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty implants of 10 mm in length (30 machined and 30 roughened) were inserted into femurs of 30 rabbits and 30 implants of 8 mm in length (15 machined and 15 roughened) were inserted into tibias of 15 rabbits. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks postimplantation, femurs and tibias were retrieved and prepared for removal torque tests (RTQ) and histomorphometric evaluation, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The roughened implants showed 66.21%, 89.06%, and 115.00% greater RTQ values than did the machined implants at 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated the roughened implants significantly increased bone-implant contact and peri-implant bone formation during all observation periods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest this surface-roughened approach provides the implant surface with a considerable osteoconductive potential promoting a high level of bone integration with bone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Li
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Fu-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiao-Xiang
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shi-Fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D003775:Dental Polishing; D020878:Device Removal; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D013499:Surface Properties; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery; D014025:Titanium; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium