title: Treatment of intrauterine growth restriction with maternal growth hormone supplementation in sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to investigate whether maternal growth hormone supplementation in pregnant sheep could reverse intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) induced by placental embolization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animals were randomized into control, intrauterine growth restriction + saline or intrauterine growth restriction + growth hormone (twice daily injections of 0.1 mg/kg growth hormone) groups. Intrauterine growth restriction was induced by twice daily placental embolization between 93 and 99 days' gestation, and treatment was from 100-128 days' gestation (term = 147 days' gestation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Embolization reduced fetal growth rate and body weight but increased brain-to-liver weight ratio. Growth hormone treatment significantly increased fetal growth rates and fat deposition, and improved fetal body weight and length, but not liver weight. Growth hormone treatment produced hydranencephalic brain lesions in some fetuses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal growth hormone treatment partially reversed intrauterine growth restriction caused by placental insufficiency. However, the possible connection between growth hormone treatment and fetal brain injury requires further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Services, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Hendrina A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: de Boo
authors.forename: Simona C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Eremia
authors.forename: Frank H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Bloomfield
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Harding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004617:Embolism; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000196:embryology; D010920:Placenta / Q000098:blood supply; D011247:Pregnancy; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone