title: Conversion of failed laparoscopic gastric banding to gastric bypass as safe and effective as primary gastric bypass in morbidly obese patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine whether the medium-term outcome of secondary gastric bypass (SGB) after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is comparable to the outcome of primary gastric bypass (PGB) in morbidly obese patients in terms of complications and weight loss. Controversy exists among bariatric surgeons regarding the choice of primary operation for morbid obesity. Some prefer to start with LAGB as a low-risk operation for all patients and perform revisional surgery in the case of failure. Others prefer to tailor the primary operation to the individual patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 55 patients who had undergone SGB after failed LAGB from 2002 to 2006 were compared with 81 patients who had undergone PGB for morbid obesity during the same period in our hospital by a single surgeon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean operative time in the PGB group was shorter (73 +/- 22 min, range 50-100) compared with the SGB group (99 +/- 32 min, range 55-180; P <.001). The median length of admission did not differ significantly between the PGB and SGB groups (4 +/- 6.6 d, range 3-55, versus 4 +/- 2.9 d, range 3-16, respectively; P = .13). No significant differences were found in the occurrence of complications between the PGB and SGB groups (29.6% versus 30.9%, respectively, P = .87). No patient died. At 2 and 3 years postoperatively, no significant difference was found in percentage of patients treated with good or excellent outcomes using the criteria of MacLean (2 y, PGB 60.0% versus SGB 58.8%, P = .94; 3 y, PGB 75.0% versus SGB 72.7%, P = .91).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this series, gastric bypass as a secondary procedure after failed LAGB was as safe and effective as PGB. Conversion to gastric bypass appears to be the treatment of choice after failed LAGB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sint Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Wouter W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: te Riele
authors.forename: Yuk K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Sze
authors.forename: Marinus J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wiezer
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Ramshorst
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D015391:Gastroplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome