title: In vivo assessment of mitochondrial toxicity.
abstract: Drug effects on mitochondrial function are frequently characterized in vitro. Whether these findings are relevant pharmacologically or toxicologically is generally unclear. Methods for in vivo assessment of mitochondrial function would help establish biological significance, but none is widely accepted or readily available. Ideally, these methods would be sensitive and specific, noninvasive, predictive of efficacy or toxicity, translatable from preclinical to clinical studies and localizable to the target organ. Although not fully developed or validated, several approaches to in vivo mitochondrial assessment show promise. Collaboration between scientists from academia, the pharmaceutical industry, and regulatory agencies will be required to develop and apply these methods.
authors.affiliation: GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3398, USA. brad.f.hamilton@gsk.com
authors.forename: Bradley F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Alan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: Rick R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Adler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001944:Breath Tests; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers