title: Ribbon modulates apical membrane during tube elongation through Crumbs and Moesin.
abstract: Although the formation and maintenance of epithelial tubes are essential for the viability of multicellular organisms, our understanding of the molecular and cellular events coordinating tubulogenesis is relatively limited. Here, we focus on the activities of Ribbon, a novel BTB-domain containing nuclear protein, in the elongation of two epithelial tubes: the Drosophila salivary gland and trachea. We show that Ribbon interacts with Lola Like, another BTB-domain containing protein required for robust nuclear localization of Ribbon, to upregulate crumbs expression and downregulate Moesin activity. Our ultrastructural analysis of ribbon null salivary glands by TEM reveals a diminished pool of subapical vesicles and an increase in microvillar structure, cellular changes consistent with the known role of Crumbs in apical membrane generation and of Moesin in the cross-linking of the apical membrane to the subapical cytoskeleton. Furthermore, the subapical localization of Rab11, a small GTPase associated with apical membrane delivery and rearrangement, is significantly diminished in ribbon mutant salivary glands and tracheae. These findings suggest that Ribbon and Lola Like function as a novel transcriptional cassette coordinating molecular changes at the apical membrane of epithelial cells to facilitate tube elongation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Bilal E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Kerman
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cheshire
authors.forename: Monn Monn
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Myat
authors.forename: Deborah J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Andrew
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D016764:Cell Polarity; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014132:Trachea / Q000196:embryology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000099193:rab11 GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins; D000099193:rab11 GTP-Binding Proteins; C064360:crb protein, Drosophila; C121765:lola protein, Drosophila; C099886:moesin, Drosophila; C115864:rib protein, Drosophila