title: Effect of opium addiction on diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 2 diabetes is a common disorder that is recognized as a major health problem in Iran. Diabetes is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and economic burden to the society. Some people believe that smoking opium can reduce serum glucose and lipids in diabetes mellitus. This study was designed to compare blood glucose and lipids in opium addicts with non-addicts among patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case, control study subjects were chosen from type 2 diabetic patients. Twenty-three males with type 2 diabetes and addicted to opium were selected as the case group, and 46 patients with no addiction to opioid drugs were chosen as control group. Blood Sugar (BS), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), lipids and microalbumin in urine were measured in two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed that the mean FBS and 2-hour post prandial were significantly different between two groups. (P = .04). No significant difference was observed in HbA1C, triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL between the two groups (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our finding showed that while opium might decrease blood glucose temporarily, it had no clear and long-lasting effects on blood glucose, as it had no significant effect on HbA1c.
authors.affiliation: Yazd Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadougdi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Laila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Azod
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rashidi
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afkhami-Ardekani
authors.forename: Golchehr
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kiani
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khoshkam
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000187:drug effects; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009294:Narcotics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D009892:Opium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D009294:Narcotics; D009892:Opium; D014280:Triglycerides