title: Alterations in phospholipid and fatty acid lipid profiles in primary neocortical cells during oxidant-induced cell injury.
abstract: Specific phospholipids and fatty acids altered during oxidant-induced neuronal cell injury were determined using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and ion trapping. The oxidants hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2), 0-1000 microM) and tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP, 0-400 microM) induced time- and concentration-dependent increases in reactive oxygen species in primary cultures of mouse neocortical cells as determined by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate staining and thiobarbituric acid formation. ESI-MS analysis of 26 m/z values, representing 42 different phospholipids, demonstrated that H(2)O(2) and TBHP increased the abundance of phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids, but had minimal affect on those containing mono- or di-unsaturated fatty acids. These increases correlated to time-dependent increase in 16:1-20:4, 16:0-20:4, 18:1-20:4 and 18:0-20:4 phosphatidylcholine. Oxidant exposure also increased mystric (14:0), palmitic (16:0), and stearic (18:0) acid twofold, oleic acid (18:1) two- to threefold, and arachidonic acid (20:4) fourfold, compared to controls. Increases in arachidonic acid levels occurred prior to increases in the phospholipids, but after increases in ROS, and correlated to increases in oxidized arachidonic acid species, specifically [20:4-OOH]-H(2)O-, 20:4-OH-, and Tri-OH-20:4-arachidonic acid. Treatment of cells with methyl arachidonyl flourophosphonate an inhibitor of Group IV and VI PLA(2), decreased oxidant-induced arachidonic acid release, while bromoenol lactone, an inhibitor of Group VI PLA(2), did not. Collectively, these data identify phospholipids and fatty acids altered during oxidant treatment of neurons and suggest differential roles for Group IV and VI PLA(2) in oxidant-induced neural cell injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2352, United States.
authors.forename: Brianna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Kyndra
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stovall
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Monian
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: Brian S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cummings
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D019579:Neocortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011753:Pyrones / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D009281:Naphthalenes; D063065:Organophosphonates; D016877:Oxidants; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010743:Phospholipids; D011753:Pyrones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C104810:methyl arachidonylfluorophosphonate; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; C068314:6-(bromomethylene)tetrahydro-3-(1-naphthaleneyl)-2H-pyran-2-one; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010741:Phospholipases A