title: Effects of safflower seed extract supplementation on oxidation and cardiovascular risk markers in healthy human volunteers.
abstract: We previously demonstrated that safflower seed extract (SSE) and its major antioxidant constituents, serotonin hydroxycinnamic acid amides, suppressed LDL oxidation in vitro, decreased plasma autoantibody titres to oxidized LDL and attenuated atherosclerotic lesion formation in apoE-deficient mice. In this report, we examined whether SSE, rich in serotonin derivatives, could affect markers of oxidative stress, inflammation and aortic stiffness in healthy human subjects. Twenty Japanese male volunteers were studied at baseline, after 2.1 g SSE supplementation daily (providing 290 mg serotonin derivatives/d) for 4 weeks, and after a 4-week washout period. Significant reductions in circulating oxidized LDL, autoantibody titres to malondialdehyde-modified LDL, the soluble form of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and urinary 8-isoprostane were observed after a 4-week intervention. Although there were no statistically significant differences in blood pressure or brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), an index of arterial stiffness, baPWV was lower than baseline in eleven of twenty subjects and was accompanied by a reduction in blood pressure. Statistically significant negative correlations were observed between the extent of initial cardiovascular risk markers (autoantibody titres, 8-isoprostane, sVCAM-1 and baPWV) and the effect of intervention. This suggested that individuals with elevated oxidative stress, inflammation, and/or arterial stiffness may receive more benefit from SSE supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Health Fundamentals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-8681, Japan. naoto_koyama@ajinomoto.com
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arisaka
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Kanna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuribayashi
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sukegawa
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D028421:Isoprostanes / Q000652:urine; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011674:Pulse; D012307:Risk Factors; D012450:Safflower Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000097:blood; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D028421:Isoprostanes; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; C502964:malondialdehyde-low density lipoprotein, mouse; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D012701:Serotonin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D012450:Safflower Oil