Salvage chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation are inferior for relapsed or refractory primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma compared with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMLCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with distinct clinical and gene expression profiles. Outcomes of salvage chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for relapsed or refractory disease (RR) have not been well characterised. We retrospectively identified 180 consecutive RR patients (37 PMLCL and a control group of 143 DLBCL) that underwent salvage chemotherapy. The overall response rate (ORR) to salvage chemotherapy (25% vs. 48%, p = 0.01) and 2-year OS after diagnosis of RR disease (15% vs. 34%, p = 0.018) was inferior in PMLCL patients. The 2-year post-ASCT OS (67% PMLCL vs. 53%, p = 0.78) and PFS (57% PMLCL vs. 36%, p = 0.64) were similar. RR PMLCL had an inferior ORR and survival compared with DLBCL but chemosensitive PMLCL and DLBCL patients have similar outcomes post-ASCT. Strategies for PMLCL should focus on identifying poor risk patients to test novel induction and salvage strategies.
Kuruvilla
John
J
Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada. john.kuruvilla@uhn.on.ca
Pintilie
Melania
M
Tsang
Richard
R
Nagy
Tracy
T
Keating
Armand
A
Crump
Michael
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome