title: Translation termination reinitiation between open reading frame 1 (ORF1) and ORF2 enables capsid expression in a bovine norovirus without the need for production of viral subgenomic RNA.
abstract: A generally accepted view of norovirus replication is that capsid expression requires production of a subgenomic transcript, the presence of capsid often being used as a surrogate marker to indicate the occurrence of viral replication. Using a polymerase II-based baculovirus delivery system, we observed capsid expression following introduction of a full-length genogroup 3 norovirus genome into HepG2 cells. However, capsid expression occurred as a result of a novel translation termination/reinitiation event between the nonstructural-protein and capsid open reading frames, a feature that may be unique to genogroup 3 noroviruses.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Microbiology Group, University of Southampton Medical School, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom. cjm@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Salim
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Lambden
authors.forename: Ian N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016367:Baculoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology; D002417:Cattle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003062:Codon; D006801:Humans; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D049410:Luciferases, Renilla / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D029322:Norovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000737:chemistry; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; D012367:RNA, Viral; D008156:Luciferases; D049410:Luciferases, Renilla