title: Herpes simplex virus 2 infection: a risk factor for HIV infection in heterosexuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genital ulcerative disease is one of the risk factors for acquisition of HIV. As HSV-2 infection is currently the most common cause of genital ulcerative disease, it acts as a potential risk factor for HIV infection. The present study was undertaken to know the seroprevalence of antibodies to HSV-2 in HIV seropositive individuals and in the general population, and to ascertain if HSV-2 is a risk factor for developing HIV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group included one hundred new HIV seropositive persons irrespective of active genital herpes or history of genital herpes. Fifty age- and sex- matched healthy volunteers were included as controls. In all patients and controls, diagnostic serology was done for HSV-2 using HSV-2-specific glycoprotein IgG2 by indirect immunoassay using the ELISA test. Statistical value 'P' was calculated using the Chi-squared test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 100 HIV seropositives, 66 were males and 34 were females with an age range of 20-54 years. In only 22 (19 males and 3 females) of these, positive history of genital herpes was obtained. In 49 out of the 100 HIV seropositives, IgG2 antibodies against HSV-2 were detected. In the control group, 11 out of 50 controls were seropositive for HSV-2 IgG2 antibody. There was a statistically significant association between HSV-2 and HIV seropositivity with 'P' value
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of HSV-2 seropositivity in the HIV-infected group (49%) as compared to normal controls (22%) was statistically significant. Prior HSV-2 infection could be an important risk factor for acquisition of HIV in our patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Anuradha
authors.forename: H Maan
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: K V T
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Gopal
authors.forename: G Raghu
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Rama Rao
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Ramani
authors.forename: Jyothi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Padmaja
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000276:immunology; D020010:Heterosexuality; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G