title: Post-sphincterotomy transampullary balloon dilation is a safe and effective technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and efficacy of performing ampullary balloon dilation (ABD) following endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of patients that underwent ABD at Thomas Jefferson University from 2000 to 2007. In all cases, dilation was performed with Hurricane RX hydrostatic balloons (Boston Scientific, Natick MA) or CRE esophageal dilating balloons (Boston Scientific, Natick MA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  ABD following ES was performed in 69 patients. The procedure was performed for choledocholithiasis in 58%, abnormal imaging in 26%, and abnormal liver enzymes in 23% of patients. ABD following ES was 86% successful in achieving the intended therapeutic goal of the procedure. Pancreatitis (2.9%) post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) occurred in two individuals, with one case of hemorrhage (1.5%) and one perforation (1.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ABD following ES is a safe and effective alternative to ES alone, particularly for the extraction of large common bile duct (CBD) stones.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 132 S 10th Street, Suite 480 Main Building, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: Rahul A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nathwani
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Assis
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salese
authors.forename: Kuldip
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Banwait
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Loren
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D042883:Choledocholithiasis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D016896:Treatment Outcome