title: Role of mixed Th1 and Th2 serum cytokines on pathogenesis and prognosis of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.
abstract: The hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is an emerging syndrome in the Americas. The disease results from intense immune activation and changes in vascular permeability. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of serum cytokines in HPS patients looking for correlation with the clinical parameters, severity and outcome of illness. Studying 21 HPS patients, we found that IL-6 may have an important role in the pathogenesis of HPS, being associated with fatal outcome. Our results also support a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response during the course of HPS and that the magnitude of Th1 response effector cytokines is correlated to HPS severity. The decreased levels of TGF-beta observed in HPS patients suggest that immunoregulatory activity could be damaged in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Virology Research Center, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, 14049-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alessandra Abel
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: Gelse Mazzoni
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Marcos Lázaro
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Moreli
authors.forename: Ricardo Luiz
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Moro Souza
authors.forename: Fabiano Pinto
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Saggioro
authors.forename: Glauciane Garcia
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Márcia Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Livonesi
authors.forename: Luiz Tadeu
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Moraes Figueiredo
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006476:Orthohantavirus / Q000472:pathogenicity; D018804:Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007378:Interleukins; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide