title: Molecular and hematologic analysis of hemoglobin Q-Iran and hemoglobin Setif in Iranian families.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Single nucleotide mutations in alpha1 or alpha2 genes produce abnormal alpha-chain hemoglobins. Hemoglobin Q disorders including hemoglobin Q-Iran, hemoglobin Q-Thailand, and hemoglobin Q-India are important hemoglobin variants. Herein, we report on the presence and hematologic and molecular features of hemoglobin Q-Iran [alpha75 (EF4) Asp-->His] in 20 members of 11 families including nine children and hemoglobin Setif [alpha94 (G1) Asp-->Tyr] in 10 individuals from five families consisting of five children and their affected parents living in western Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  A polymerase chain reaction-RFLP procedure using Ava II restriction enzyme was designed to confirm the presence of two alpha-chain variants. To find the coinheritance with alpha-thalassemia, the presence of deletions of -alpha3.7, -alpha20.5, --MED, --SEA, and nondeletion defects of IVSI (-5 bp) and hemoglobin CS was examined using polymerase chain reaction-based approaches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean+/-SD level of hemoglobin Q-Iran was 20.4+/-4.4%. Three out of 18 individuals with hemoglobin Q-Iran were heterozygous for -alpha3.7 deletion (-alpha3.7/alpha alpha). The coinheritance of hemoglobin Q-Iran and -alpha3.7 deletion resulted in significantly (P=0.002) higher levels of hemoglobin Q-Iran (26.7+/-3.8%). In those heterozygous for hemoglobin Setif, the level of this hemoglobin was 17.8+/-5.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The polymerase chain reaction-RFLP method described here is a simple, rapid, and inexpensive procedure for the diagnosis of abnormal alpha-chains in developing countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. zrahimi@kums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Zohreh
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.forename: Mansour
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: L Nagel
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muniz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006403:Hematologic Tests; D006455:Hemoglobins, Abnormal / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006455:Hemoglobins, Abnormal; C040665:Hemoglobin Setif; C048299:hemoglobin Q Iran