title: A quality improvement project to improve admission temperatures in very low birth weight infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the results of a quality improvement (QI) project to improve admission temperatures of very low birth weight inborn infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The neonatal intensive care unit at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital underwent a QI project to address hypothermic preterm newborns by staff education and implementing processes such as polyethylene wraps and chemical warming mattresses. We performed retrospective chart review of all inborn infants with birth weight <1500 g during the 18 months prior to (n=134) and 15 months after (n=170) the implementation period. Temperatures were compared between periods. Multivariable logistic regression was used to account for potential confounding variables. We compared mortality rates and grade 3 or 4 intraventricular hemorrhage rates between periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean temperature rose from 35.4 to 36.2 degrees C (P<0.0001) after the QI project. The improvement was consistent and persisted over a 15-month period. After risk adjustment, the strongest predictor of hypothermia was being born in the period before implementation of the QI project (odds ratio 8.12, 95% confidence interval 4.63, 14.22). Although cesarean delivery was a strong risk factor for hypothermia prior to the project, it was no longer significant after the project. There was no significant difference in death or intraventricular hemorrhage detected between periods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a significant improvement in admission temperatures after a QI project, which persisted beyond the initial implementation period. Although there was no difference in mortality or intraventricular hemorrhage rates, we did not have sufficient power to detect small differences in these outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94143, USA. LeeHC@peds.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Q T
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Rhine
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008485:Medical Audit; D019982:Organizational Case Studies; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care