title: Supercritical fluid extraction as an on-line clean-up technique for determination of riboflavin vitamins in food samples by capillary electrophoresis with fluorimetric detection.
abstract: An automatic method for the separation and determination of riboflavin (RF) vitamins (RF, flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide) in food samples (chicken liver, tablet and powder milk) is proposed. The method is based on the on-line coupling of a supercritical fluid extractor (SFE) with a continuous flow-CE system with guided optical fiber fluorimetric detection (CF-CE-FD). The whole SFE-CF-CE-FD arrangement allowed the automatic treatment of food samples (clean-up of the sample followed by the extraction of the analytes), and the direct introduction of a small volume of the extracted plug to the CE-FD system for the determination of RF vitamins. Fluorescence detection introduced an appropriated sensitivity and contributed to avoid interferences of nonfluorescent polar compounds coming from the matrix samples in the extracted plug. Electrophoretic responses were linear within the 0.05-1 microg/g range, whereas the detection limits of RF vitamins were in the 0.036-0.042 microg/g range. The proposed arrangement opens up interesting prospects for the direct determination of polar analytes in complex samples with a good throughput and high level of automation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zougagh
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ríos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide / Q000032:analysis*; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000032:analysis*; D005470:Fluorometry / Q000379:methods*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D009862:Online Systems; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000032:analysis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D013607:Tablets; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide; D012256:Riboflavin