title: Racial and ethnic disparities in detection and treatment of depression and anxiety among psychiatric and primary health care visits, 1995-2005.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent evidence questions whether formerly documented disparities in care for common mental disorders among African Americans and Hispanics still remain. Also, whether disparities exist mainly in psychiatric settings or primary health care settings is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To comprehensively examine time trends in outpatient diagnosis and treatment of depression and anxiety among ethnic groups in primary care and psychiatric settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analyses of office-based outpatient visits from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Study from 1995-2005 (n = 96,075).
  
  
  METHODS
  Visits to office-based primary care physicians and psychiatrists in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnosed with depression or anxiety, received counseling or a referral for counseling, received an antidepressant prescription, and any counseling or antidepressant care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In these analyses of 10-year trends in treatment of common mental disorders, disparities in counseling/referrals for counseling, antidepressant medications, and any care vastly improved or were eliminated over time in psychiatric visits. Continued disparities in diagnoses, counseling/referrals for counseling, antidepressant medication, and any care are found in primary care visits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disparities in care for depression and anxiety among African Americans and Hispanics remain in primary care. Quality improvement efforts are needed to address cultural and linguistic barriers to care.
authors.affiliation: UCLA Semel Institute Health Services Research Center; Los Angeles, California 90024, USA. sstockdale@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Stockdale
authors.forename: Isabel T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Lagomasino
authors.forename: Juned
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siddique
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miranda
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys / Q000379:methods; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services; D008875:Middle Aged; D009819:Office Visits / Q000639:trends*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D014481:United States; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology