title: S acylation of the hemagglutinin of influenza viruses: mass spectrometry reveals site-specific attachment of stearic acid to a transmembrane cysteine.
abstract: S acylation of cysteines located in the transmembrane and/or cytoplasmic region of influenza virus hemagglutinins (HA) contributes to the membrane fusion and assembly of virions. Our results from using mass spectrometry (MS) show that influenza B virus HA possessing two cytoplasmic cysteines contains palmitate, whereas HA-esterase-fusion glycoprotein of influenza C virus having one transmembrane cysteine is stearoylated. HAs of influenza A virus having one transmembrane and two cytoplasmic cysteines contain both palmitate and stearate. MS analysis of recombinant viruses with deletions of individual cysteines, as well as tandem-MS sequencing, revealed the surprising result that stearate is exclusively attached to the cysteine positioned in the transmembrane region of HA.
authors.affiliation: A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
authors.forename: Larisa V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Kordyukova
authors.forename: Marina V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Serebryakova
authors.forename: Ludmila A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Baratova
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veit
mesh_terms: D000215:Acylation; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009982:Gammainfluenzavirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D013229:Stearic Acids; C483468:hemagglutinin, human influenza A virus; C031183:stearic acid; D003545:Cysteine