title: Partial breastfeeding protects Bedouin infants from infection and morbidity: prospective cohort study.
abstract: The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding for health in infants have been widely described. The goal of this study was to determine whether partial breastfeeding has protective effects against enteric infection and associated morbidity in population where early addition of supplementation is common. In this prospective study 238 Bedouin infants were followed from birth to age 18 months. Exclusive breastfeeding was protective against infection and morbidity at ages 0 to 3 months. In the age range of 4 to 6 months, partial versus non breastfeeding was associated with lower rates of infection with Cryptosporidium spp (Odds Ratio OR 0.34, 95% confidence interval CI 0.18; 0.65), and Campylobacter spp (OR 0.58, CI 0.35; 0.98), lower rates of ear infections (OR 0.47, CI 0.24; 0.90) and of asthma (OR 0.33, CI 0.13; 0.81). In older children (10-12 month age range) partial breastfeeding as compared to none, protected against infections with Cryptosporidium spp (OR 0.57, CI 0.36; 0.91) and Giardia lamblia (OR 0.92, CI 0.85; 0.99). In Bedouins, and possibly in other populations, even partial breastfeeding, especially at ages 4 to 6 months offers protection against infection. Thus, encouraging mothers to continue to at least partially breastfeed past age 3 months may help reduce infections and morbidity in infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Evaluation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, POBox 653, Beer Sheva, 84105, Israel. natalya@bgu.ac.il
authors.forename: Natalya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bilenko
authors.forename: Rohini
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Deckelbaum
authors.forename: Drora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fraser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000276:immunology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors