title: Patching fellow eyes during subjective night does not prevent disruption to minus lens compensation in constant light-reared chicks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study re-examined an earlier claim that monocular patching during subjective night (i.e. patched at the usual time that night would occur) in the chicks reared in continuous lighting (CL), offered unpatched eyes some protection from the ocular effects of CL. It also examined whether this monocular patching protected unpatched eyes against the disruptive effect of CL on compensation to minus lenses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hatchling White-Leghorn chicks were reared in either constant or diurnal lighting conditions (n=28) for 2 weeks. Some CL chicks had their right eyes patched every night during the entire study. Lenses of either +10 or -10D power were fitted to the unpatched eyes of some patched chicks at the beginning of the second week. Retinoscopy, IR photo-keratometry and high-frequency A-scan ultrasonography were used to track refractions, corneal radius of curvature and ocular axial dimensions respectively; data were collected on experimental days 0, 7, 9 and 14.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patched eyes were completely protected from the ocular growth effects of CL, i.e. accelerated posterior segment (vitreous chamber) growth and inhibited anterior segment growth. Although the unpatched eyes showed no protection from the anterior chamber effects of CL, they were completely protected from the effects of CL on vitreous chamber growth. Nonetheless, the response to the -10D lenses was disrupted in unpatched eyes, which responded in the wrong direction for compensation (+5.5+/-0.25D more hyperopic than no lens-unpatched eyes). The response to the +10D lenses was preserved (+9.25+/-0.25D more hyperopic than no lens-unpatched eyes).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide further support for local control of emmetropization, as reflected in compensatory lens responses, but point to additional influences on eye growth as reflected in CL-induced ocular changes.
authors.affiliation: School of Optometry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-2020, USA. varuna_p@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Varuna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Padmanabhan
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Christine F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Wildsoet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D002645:Chickens; D002829:Choroid / Q000473:pathology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005123:Eye / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D007909:Lenses; D008029:Lighting; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012683:Sensory Deprivation; D015349:Vision, Monocular; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology