Structural characterisation and biological activities of a unique type beta-D-glucan obtained from Aureobasidium pullulans.
A beta-D-glucan obtained from Aureobasidium pullulans (AP-FBG) exhibits various biological activities: it exhibits antitumour and antiosteoporotic effects and prevents food allergies. An unambiguous structural characterisation of AP-FBG is still awaited. The biological effects of beta-D-glucan are known to depend on its primary structures, conformation, and molecular weight. Here, we elucidate the primary structure of AP-FBG by NMR spectroscopy, and evaluate its biological activities. Its structure was shown to comprise a mixture of a 1-3-beta-D-glucan backbone with single 1-6-beta-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching units every two residues (major structure) and a 1-3-beta-D-glucan backbone with single 1-6-beta-D-glucopyranosyl side-branching units every three residues (minor structure). Furthermore, this beta-D-glucan exhibited immunostimulatory effects such as the accumulation of immune cells and priming effects against enterobacterium. To our knowledge, 1-3-beta-glucans like AP-FBG with such a high number of 1-6-beta-glucopyranosyl side branching have a unique structure; nevertheless, many 1-3-beta-glucans were isolated from various sources, e.g. fungi, bacteria, and plants.
Tada
Rui
R
Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
Tanioka
Asuka
A
Iwasawa
Haruyo
H
Hatashima
Kumi
K
Shoji
Yoshikazu
Y
Ishibashi
Ken-ichi
K
Adachi
Yoshiyuki
Y
Yamazaki
Masatoshi
M
Tsubaki
Kazufumi
K
Ohno
Naohito
N
D000818:Animals; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002452:Cell Count; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D005122:Exudates and Transudates / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000166:cytology; D044967:Serum; D013997:Time Factors; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016207:Cytokines; D047071:beta-Glucans