title: Clinical utility of the PCA3 urine assay in European men scheduled for repeat biopsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Prostate CAncer gene 3 (PCA3) assay has shown promise as an aid in prostate cancer (pCA) diagnosis in identifying men with a high probability of a positive (repeat) biopsy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the clinical utility of the PROGENSA PCA3 assay.
  
  
  METHODS
  This European prospective, multicentre study enrolled men with one or two negative biopsies scheduled for repeat biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  After digital rectal examination (DRE), first-catch urine was collected to measure PCA3 mRNA concentration and to calculate the PCA3 score. The PCA3 score was compared to biopsy outcome. The diagnostic accuracy of the PCA3 assay was compared to percent of free prostate-specific antigen (%fPSA).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In 463 men, the positive repeat biopsy rate was 28%. The higher the PCA3 score, the greater the probability of a positive repeat biopsy. The PCA3 score (cut-off of 35) had a greater diagnostic accuracy than %fPSA (cut-off of 25%). The PCA3 score was independent of the number of previous biopsies, age, prostate volume, and total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. Moreover, the PCA3 score was significantly higher in men with high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) versus those without HGPIN, clinical stage T2 versus T1, Gleason score >or=7 versus <7, and "significant" versus "indolent" (clinical stage T1c, PSA density [PSAD] <0.15ng/ml, Gleason score in biopsy <or=6, and percent positive cores <or=33%) pCA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The probability of a positive repeat biopsy increases with rising PCA3 scores. The PCA3 score was superior to %fPSA for predicting repeat prostate biopsy outcome and may be indicative of clinical stage and significance of pCa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Clinic Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. haese@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haese
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Taille
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Poppel
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marberger
authors.forename: Arnulf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stenzl
authors.forename: Peter F A
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Mulders
authors.forename: Hartwig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huland
authors.forename: Clément-Claude
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Abbou
authors.forename: Mesut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Remzi
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tinzl
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feyerabend
authors.forename: Alexander B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Stillebroer
authors.forename: Martijn P M Q
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: van Gils
authors.forename: Jack A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schalken
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine*; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000652:urine*; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; C479341:prostate cancer antigen 3, human