title: [Effects of HS1-associated protein X-1 on the lupus activities: experiment with MRL/lpr lupus-like mice].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of HS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) on the lupus activity of MRL/lpr lupus-like mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen MRL/lpr mice were divided into 3 equal groups: Group A, injected with phosphate-buffered saline, Group B, injected intraperitoneally with control virus AdEGFP and Group C, injected intraperitoneally with recombinant AdHAX-1 twice a week for 4 weeks. Peripheral blood samples were collected before the injection, and 2 and 4 weeks after the injection to be detected the white blood cell count, antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-double strand-DNA antibodies, circulating immune complex (CIC), anti-histone antibodies, and interferon (IFN)-gamma. The level of urine protein was measured, too. Then the mice were killed, a kidney underwent direct immunofluorescence (DIF) to observe the deposition of Immune complexes, and the other kidney underwent periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining and pathological examination. MTT method was used to detect the proliferation of the lymphocytes in the spleen. Splenocytes were isolated from the other 15 MRL/lpr mice and then divided into 4 groups: Group, transfected with DMRIE-C without plasmid; Group E, as negative control group; Group F, transfected with blank plasmid pGenesil-1; and Group G, transfected with pGenesil-HAX-1. Forty-eight hours later MTT method was used to detect the proliferation rateof the spleen lymphocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The urine protein level of Group C was significantly higher than those of Groups A and B (both P < 0.01). Four weeks later the levels of ANA, anti-double strand DNA antibodies, and IFN-gamma were all significantly higher than those of Groups A and B (all P < 0.01). Hypercellularity and increased deposition of IgG in glomeruli were also observed in Group C. The score of glomeruli lesion of Group C (1.50 +/- 0.34) was significantly higher than those of Groups A (0.67 +/- 0.14) and Groups B (0.81 +/- 0.26) (both P < 0.01). MTT method showed that the growth curve of the spleen lymphocytes of Group C was higher than those of Groups A and B. The spleen lymphocyte proliferation rate and the levels of IFN-gamma of Group G was significantly lower than that of Group F (both P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One of the important factors in apoptosis regulation of SLE, HAX-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, and the silence of HAX-1 may be beneficial for the improvement of SLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Fang
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Chun-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Bai-Yu
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Jun-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ao
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hao
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000097:blood; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D019463:Mice, Inbred MRL lpr; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D001323:Autoantibodies; C491295:Hs1bp1 protein, mouse; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011506:Proteins