title: Glial and axonal body fluid biomarkers are related to infarct volume, severity, and outcome.
abstract: Body fluid biomarkers of central nervous system damage may help improve the prognostic and diagnostic accuracy in ischemic stroke. We studied 53 patients. Stroke severity and outcome was rated using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and modified Rankin scale. Ferritin, S100B, and NfH were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum. Infarct volume was calculated from T2W images. CSF S100B (median 1.00 ng/mL) and CSF ferritin (10.0 ng/mL) levels were elevated in patients with stroke compared with control subjects (0.62 ng/mL, P < .0001; 2.34 ng/mL, P < .0001). Serum S100B (0.09 ng/mL) was higher in patients with stroke compared with control subjects (0.01 ng/mL). CSF S100B levels were higher in patients with a cardioembolic stroke (2.88 ng/mL) than in those with small-vessel disease (0.89 ng/mL, P < .05). CSF S100B levels correlated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission (R = 0.56, P < .01) and the stroke volume (R = 0.44, P = .01). CSF S100B and NfH-SMI35 levels correlated with outcome on the modified Rankin scale. CSF S100B levels were related to stroke severity and infarct volume and highest in cardioembolic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Neurology and The Tavistock Intensive Care Unit, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom. a.petzold@ion.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petzold
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stock
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schluep
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001369:Axons / Q000737:chemistry*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D002537:Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications; D020766:Intracranial Embolism / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000737:chemistry*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human; C051774:neurofilament protein H; D005293:Ferritins