title: Clinical implications of thymidylate synthetase, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and orotate phosphoribosyl transferase activity levels in colorectal carcinoma following radical resection and administration of adjuvant 5-FU chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A number of studies have investigated whether the activity levels of enzymes involved in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) metabolism are prognostic factors for survival in patients with colorectal carcinoma. Most reports have examined thymidylate synthetase (TS) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) in unresectable or metastatic cases, therefore it is unclear whether the activity of these enzymes is of prognostic value in colorectal cancer patients treated with radical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study examined fresh frozen specimens of colorectal carcinoma from 40 patients who had undergone curative operation and were orally administered adjuvant tegafur/uracil (UFT) chemotherapy. TS, DPD and orotate phosphoribosyl transferase (OPRT) activities were assayed in cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue and their association with clinicopathological variables was investigated. In addition, the relationships between TS, DPD and OPRT activities and patient survival were examined to determine whether any of these enzymes could be useful prognostic factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While there was no clear relationship between pathological findings and TS or DPD activity, OPRT activity was significantly lower in tumors with lymph node metastasis than in tumors lacking lymph node metastasis. Postoperative survival was significantly better in the groups with low TS activity and/or high OPRT activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TS and OPRT activity levels in tumor tissue may be important prognostic factors for survival in Dukes' B and C colorectal carcinoma with radical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy with UFT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, National Kochi Hospital, Kochi, Japan. masa1192@tokushima-med.jrc.or.jp
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyauchi
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D042943:Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP) / Q000378:metabolism*; D004358:Drug Therapy; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D009962:Orotate Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D042943:Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP); D013940:Thymidylate Synthase; D009962:Orotate Phosphoribosyltransferase; D005472:Fluorouracil