title: Effects of endosulfan on survival and development of Bombina orientalis (Boulenger) embryos.
abstract: The developmental toxicity of endosulfan was examined in the anuran Bombina orientalis embryos. Survival rates of embryos following 50 microM endosulfan treatment was significantly lower than vehicle control at 96 h onward. When the embryos develop to the tail fin circulation stage, embryonic survival was significantly decreased by 10 microM endosulfan treatment. Surviving embryos showed various developmental abnormalities including tail dysplasia at 50 microM. By hampering the embryonic development endosulfan may cause the decline in the natural populations of this frog species breeding on farmland and in the surrounding aquatic environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.
authors.forename: Han Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Myung Chan
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gye
authors.forename: Moon Kyoo
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000196:embryology*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000633:toxicity*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007306:Insecticides; D004726:Endosulfan