title: Does the expression of fascin-1 and tumor subclassification help to assess the risk of recurrence and progression in t1 urothelial urinary bladder carcinoma?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the prognostic value of T1 subclassification and fascin-1 expression in T1 human urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study with 105 consecutive patients, T1 tumors were subclassified into 2 groups according to the depth of tumor invasion. The tunica muscularis mucosae was used as a landmark. The expression of fascin-1 was examined by using an anti-fascin-1 mouse monoclonal antibody and was evaluated semiquantitatively for both intensity and distribution. The patients were followed up for 27.3 +/- 13.7 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The T1 tumor subclassification was feasible in 99 patients (94%). T1a tumor was detected in 77 patients (73%), T1b tumor in 22 patients (21%). An invasive tumor was found in 5 patients (4.8%) during the restaging transurethral resection of the bladder. The risk of understaging in patients with T1b tumor was 18%. There was not a significant difference in time to the recurrence in the T1a and the T1b group. The progression-free survival rates were significantly different between both groups (p = 0.0034). No correlation was found between fascin-1 positivity and the depth of tumor invasion. Fascin-1 positivity did not correlate with recurrence or the progression-free intervals. In the multivariate analysis, only the extent of lamina propria invasion was an independent predictor of the tumor progression. The fascin positivity was not an independent prognostic factor relating to the risk of recurrence or progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding of T1b tumor was connected with a significantly higher risk of progression and understaging. The fascin-1 expression did not correlate with the depth of tumor invasion or with the tumor recurrence or progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, General Teaching Hospital, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. viktor.soukup@centrum.cz
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Soukup
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Babjuk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dusková
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pesl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szakáczová
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zámecník
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dvorácek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; C020324:fascin