title: Effects of smoking abstinence, smoking cues and nicotine replacement in smokers with schizophrenia and controls.
abstract: The mechanisms underlying the low smoking cessation rates among smokers with schizophrenia (SS) are unknown. In this laboratory study, we compared the responses of 21 SS and 21 non-psychiatric controls (CS) to manipulations of 5-hour smoking abstinence, transdermal nicotine replacement (0 mg, 21 mg and 42 mg), and in vivo smoking cues. Results indicate that SS were more sensitive than CS to the effects of acute abstinence on carbon monoxide (CO) boost, but not more sensitive to the effects of abstinence on urge levels or withdrawal symptoms. SS and CS did not differ in urge response to in vivo smoking cues, but SS were less consistent in their reactions. These findings suggest that heightened sensitivity to the effects of abstinence on smoke intake may partially account for the low cessation rates experienced by SS, but other potential mechanisms should be explored using behavioral laboratory models.
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. Jennifer_Tidey@brown.edu
authors.forename: Jennifer W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Tidey
authors.forename: Damaris J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rohsenow
authors.forename: Gary B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Swift
authors.forename: Amy B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Adolfo
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation*
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine; D002248:Carbon Monoxide