Acetylation in the globular core of histone H3 on lysine-56 promotes chromatin disassembly during transcriptional activation.
Promoter chromatin disassembly is a widely used mechanism to regulate eukaryotic transcriptional induction. Delaying histone H3/H4 removal from the yeast PHO5 promoter also leads to delayed removal of histones H2A/H2B, suggesting a constant equilibrium of assembly and disassembly of H2A/H2B, whereas H3/H4 disassembly is the highly regulated step. Toward understanding how H3/H4 disassembly is regulated, we observe a drastic increase in the levels of histone H3 acetylated on lysine-56 (K56ac) during promoter chromatin disassembly. Indeed, promoter chromatin disassembly is driven by Rtt109 and Asf1-dependent acetylation of H3 K56. Conversely, promoter chromatin reassembly during transcriptional repression is accompanied by decreased levels of histone H3 acetylated on lysine-56, and a mutation that prevents K56 acetylation increases the rate of transcriptional repression. As such, H3 K56 acetylation drives chromatin toward the disassembled state during transcriptional activation, whereas loss of H3 K56 acetylation drives the chromatin toward the assembled state.
Williams
Stephanie K
SK
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Truong
David
D
Tyler
Jessica K
JK
D000107:Acetylation; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000235:genetics*; D019281:Dimerization; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics*
C109731:ASF1 protein, S cerevisiae; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D006657:Histones; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; C488916:PHO5 protein, S cerevisiae; D008239:Lysine