title: Differential recognition of double-stranded RNA by RIG-I-like receptors in antiviral immunity.
abstract: Retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I-like receptors (RLRs) are cytosolic RNA helicases that sense viral RNA and trigger signaling pathways that induce the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. RLRs recognize distinct and overlapping sets of viruses, but the mechanisms that dictate this specificity were unknown. A new study now provides evidence for size-based discrimination of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) by RLRs and suggests how host cells recognize a variety of RNA viruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072640:Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1; D051379:Mice; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054243:Vesicular Stomatitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018116:Vesiculovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012367:RNA, Viral; C503356:Ddx58 protein, mouse; C510592:Ifih1 protein, mouse; D000071457:DEAD Box Protein 58; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000072640:Interferon-Induced Helicase, IFIH1