title: Additive effect of pneumococcal vaccine and influenza vaccine on acute exacerbation in patients with chronic lung disease.
abstract: To determine the clinical efficacy of combined vaccination with 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PV) and influenza vaccine (IV) against pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic lung diseases (CLD), we conducted an open-label, randomized, controlled study among 167 adults with CLD over a 2-year period. Subjects were randomly assigned to a PV+IV group (n=87) or an IV group (n=80). The number of patients with CLD experiencing infectious acute exacerbation (P=0.022), but not pneumonia (P=0.284), was significantly lower in the PV+IV group compared with the IV group. When these subjects were divided into subgroups, an additive effect of PV with IV in preventing infectious acute exacerbation was significant only in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (P=0.037). In patients with CLD, the Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated a significant difference for infectious acute exacerbation (P=0.016) between the two groups. An additive effect of PV with IV on infectious acute exacerbation was found during the first year after vaccination (P=0.019), but not during the second year (P=0.342), and was associated with serotype-specific immune response in sera of these patients who used PV during the same period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Akitsugu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furumoto
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohkusa
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sueyasu
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwanaga
authors.forename: Hisamichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagatake
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines