title: Purification, characterization, and gene cloning of Ceriporiopsis sp. strain MD-1 peroxidases that decolorize human hair melanin.
abstract: Ceriporiopsis sp. strain MD-1, isolated from forest soil, produced several extracellular enzymes that decolorized human hair melanin. Among them, three enzymes (E1, E2-1, and E2-2) were purified to homogeneity and characterized. The enzymes required hydrogen peroxide in their enzyme reactions and, typical of other fungal peroxidases, oxidized various phenol compounds such as guaiacol, but not 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol. The spectra of the three enzymes showed an absorption maximum at 406 nm, indicating that they were heme proteins. However, the A(406)/A(280) values of the enzymes were below 0.4, which was lower than those of other peroxidases. E2-1 and E2-2 were similar to each other in their molecular and catalytic properties, and they possibly represent products of posttranslational modifications and/or allelic variants of the same gene, mdcA. The corresponding cDNA was cloned and sequenced; the deduced amino acid sequence showed high identities to the manganese peroxidases from other microorganisms. The specific activities and K(m) values of E2-1 and E2-2 for synthetic and human hair melanins were much higher than those of Phanerochaete chrysosporium manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Rokko, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagasaki
authors.forename: Masaro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
authors.forename: Shuichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006197:Hair / Q000378:metabolism*; D006200:Hair Color; D006420:Hemeproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D020072:Polyporales / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006420:Hemeproteins; D008543:Melanins; D008345:Manganese; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010544:Peroxidases