title: Three case reports of laparoscopic management of granulosa cell tumor with intraoperative rupture and subsequent upstaging.
abstract: Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) of the ovary account for 2% to 5% of all ovarian tumors and typically demonstrate an indolent clinical course. For a young woman with stage IA disease who wishes to preserve fertility, conservative surgery with laparoscopic techniques can be a safe and effective method. Three patients with clinical presumptive stage IA GCT of the ovary were initially treated with conservative laparoscopic surgery with intraoperative rupture of the tumor. On repeat surgical exploration, all 3 patients were found to have peritoneal disease. Postoperative chemotherapy was required. Several important aspects of laparoscopic management of adnexal masses are highlighted by these 3 case reports. A thorough knowledge about GCT is important. Complete and clean removal of an unknown adnexal mass is imperative.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. rsalani1@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Ritu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salani
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goodrich
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Francis C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Grumbine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001964:Bromhexine; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005047:Etoposide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006106:Granulosa Cell Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000601:surgery; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000601:surgery*; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous
chemical_list: D001761:Bleomycin; D005047:Etoposide; D001964:Bromhexine; D002945:Cisplatin