title: Protective effect of hydroxytyrosol and its metabolite homovanillic alcohol on H(2)O(2) induced lipid peroxidation in renal tubular epithelial cells.
abstract: We investigated the capacity of hydroxytyrosol (HT), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol, and homovanillic alcohol (HVA), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenylethanol, to inhibit H(2)O(2) induced oxidative damage in LLC-PK1, a porcine kidney epithelial cell line, studying the effect of H(2)O(2) on specific cell membrane lipid targets, unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol. Exposure to H(2)O(2) induced a significant increase of the level of MDA together with a disruption of the membrane structure, with the loss of unsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol and alpha-tocopherol, and the formation of fatty acids hydroperoxides and 7-ketocholesterol. Pretreatment with HT protected renal cells from oxidative damage: the level of membrane lipids was preserved and there was no significant detection of oxidation products. HVA exerted a comparable activity, thus both HT and HVA were able to prevent in renal cells the lipid peroxidation process that plays a central role in tubular cell injury.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SS 554, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy. mdeiana@unica.it
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deiana
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Incani
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Corona
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atzeri
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Loru
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paola Melis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Assunta Dessì
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D006719:Homovanillic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020011:Protective Agents; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D016877:Oxidants; D020011:Protective Agents; C532664:homovanillic alcohol; C005975:3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol; D012701:Serotonin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002784:Cholesterol; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol; D006719:Homovanillic Acid