title: Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of a series of 2,4-syn-functionalized (S)-glutamate analogues: new insight into the structure-activity relation of ionotropic glutamate receptor subtypes 5, 6, and 7.
abstract: ( S)-Glutamic acid (Glu) is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) activating the plethora of ionotropic Glu receptors (iGluRs) and metabotropic Glu receptors (mGluRs). In this paper, we present a chemo-enzymatic strategy for the enantioselective synthesis of five new Glu analogues 2a- f ( 2d is exempt) holding a functionalized substituent in the 4-position. Nine Glu analogues 2a- j are characterized pharmacologically at native 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid (AMPA), kainic acid (KA), and N-methyl- d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors in rat synaptosomes as well as in binding assays at cloned rat iGluR5-7 subtypes. A detailed in silico study address as to why 2h is a high-affinity ligand at iGluR5-7 ( K i = 3.81, 123, 57.3 nM, respectively), while 2e is only a high affinity ligand at iGluR5 ( K i = 42.8 nM). Furthermore, a small series of commercially available iGluR ligands are characterized in iGluR5-7 binding.
authors.affiliation: Departement de Chimie, Universite Blaise Pascal, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Emanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sagot
authors.forename: Darryl S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pickering
authors.forename: Xiaosui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umberti
authors.forename: Tine B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Stensbøl
authors.forename: Birgitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chapelet
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bolte
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gefflaut
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bunch
mesh_terms: D000586:Amination; D000818:Animals; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051381:Rats; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D018698:Glutamic Acid