A nationwide survey of nonspeech oral motor exercise use: implications for evidence-based practice.
OBJECTIVE
A nationwide survey was conducted to determine if speech-language pathologists (SLPs) use nonspeech oral motor exercises (NSOMEs) to address children's speech sound problems. For those SLPs who used NSOMEs, the survey also identified (a) the types of NSOMEs used by the SLPs, (b) the SLPs' underlying beliefs about why they use NSOMEs, (c) clinicians' training for these exercises, (d) the application of NSOMEs across various clinical populations, and (e) specific tasks/procedures/tools that are used for intervention.


METHODS
A total of 2,000 surveys were mailed to a randomly selected subgroup of SLPs, obtained from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) membership roster, who self-identified that they worked in various settings with children who have speech sound problems. The questions required answers that used both a forced choice and Likert-type scales.


RESULTS
The response rate was 27.5% (537 out of 2,000). Of these respondents, 85% reported using NSOMEs to deal with children's speech sound production problems. Those SLPs reported that the research literature supports the use of NSOMEs, and that they learned to use these techniques from continuing education events. They also stated that NSOMEs can help improve the speech of children from disparate etiologies, and "warming up" and strengthening the articulators are important components of speech sound therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
There are theoretical and research data that challenge both the use of NSOMEs and the efficacy of such exercises in resolving speech sound problems. SLPs need to follow the concepts of evidence-based practice in order to determine if these exercises are actually effective in bringing about changes in speech productions.
Lof
Gregory L
GL
MGH Institute of Health Professions, Boston, MA 02129-4557, USA. glof@mghihp.edu
Watson
Maggie M
MM
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003625:Data Collection; D004401:Dysarthria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D020247:Myofunctional Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013070:Speech Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013066:Speech-Language Pathology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014600:Utilization Review