title: Directed assembly of cell-laden microgels for fabrication of 3D tissue constructs.
abstract: We present a bottom-up approach to direct the assembly of cell-laden microgels to generate tissue constructs with tunable microarchitecture and complexity. This assembly process is driven by the tendency of multiphase liquid-liquid systems to minimize the surface area and the resulting surface free energy between the phases. We demonstrate that shape-controlled microgels spontaneously assemble within multiphase reactor systems into predetermined geometric configurations. Furthermore, we characterize the parameters that influence the assembly process, such as external energy input, surface tension, and microgel dimensions. Finally, we show that multicomponent cell-laden constructs could be generated by assembling microgel building blocks and performing a secondary cross-linking reaction. This bottom-up approach for the directed assembly of cell-laden microgels provides a powerful and highly scalable approach to form biomimetic 3D tissue constructs and opens a paradigm for directing the assembly of mesoscale materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Shamsher
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khademhosseini
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002470:Cell Survival; D002477:Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008899:Mineral Oil; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D013816:Thermodynamics; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D020100:Hydrogels; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D008899:Mineral Oil