title: Increased granulysin expression in peripheral blood cells of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and its clinical implications.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Granulysin is a cytotoxic molecule involved in cellular immune reactions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The levels of granulysin mRNA in the peripheral blood and serum granulysin of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The expression of granulysin mRNA and serum protein in PBC was increased compared to the controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of granulysin mRNA or serum protein showed close associations, respectively, with natural killer cell population in PBC patients. Serum granulysin was down-regulated by steroid and ursodeoxycholic therapy for PBC according to the improvement of severity of PBC. In addition, the expression of serum granulysin were related to serum total bilirubin and Mayo Clinic risk score. The serum granulysin reflected the cellular immune status of patients with PBC, and the expression correlated with the severity of PBC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, there is a clinical benefit to monitoring granulysin as a biomarker of the prognosis of patients with PBC.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Center of PLA, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Fengyang Road 415, Shanghai 200003, China. qiancheng824@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Sunxiao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Dingkang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Chuanyong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tingwang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jinshan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ke
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Mingli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Anmei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Renqian
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D015415:Biomarkers; C075005:GNLY protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001663:Bilirubin