title: The cleavage of neutrophil leukosialin (CD43) by cathepsin G releases its extracellular domain and triggers its intramembrane proteolysis by presenilin/gamma-secretase.
abstract: The highly negatively charged membrane sialoglycoprotein leukosialin, CD43, is shed during neutrophil activation. This is generally thought to enhance cell adhesion. We here describe two novel consequences of this shedding, during neutrophil activation by phorbol esters or by chemoattractants after TNF-alpha priming. CD43 proteolysis was investigated by Western blotting, using a polyclonal antibody to CD43 intracellular domain. Our data emphasize the importance of a juxtamembranous cleavage of about 50% of membrane CD43 molecules by cathepsin G. Indeed, it is inhibited by alpha1-antichymotrypsin and cathepsin G inhibitor I and is reproduced by exogenous purified cathepsin G. The resulting membrane-anchored C-terminal fragment, CD43-CTF, becomes susceptible to presenilin/gamma-secretase, which releases CD43 intracytoplasmic domain: preincubation with three different gamma-secretase inhibitors, before PMN treatment by agonists or by purified cathepsin G, results in the accumulation of CD43-CTF. Because CD43 binds E-selectin, we also investigated the effect of the soluble extracellular domain CD43s, released by cathepsin G juxtamembranous cleavage, on neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells. A recombinant CD43s-Fc fusion protein inhibited neutrophil E selectindependent adhesion to endothelial cells under flow conditions, while it had no effect on neutrophil static adhesion. We thus propose that, in addition to its potential pro-adhesive role, CD43 proteolysis results in: (i) the release, by cathepsin G, of CD43 extracellular domain, able to inhibit the adhesion of flowing neutrophils on endothelial cells and thus to participate to the natural control of inflammation; (ii) the release and/or the clearance, by presenilin/gamma-secretase, of CD43 intracellular domain, thereby regulating CD43-mediated signaling.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U845, the Université René Descartes, Hôpital Necker, 161 Rue de Sèvres, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mambole
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baruch
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nusbaum
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bigot
authors.forename: Misa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lesavre
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Halbwachs-Mecarelli
mesh_terms: D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D056649:Cathepsin G; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000502:physiology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051917:Leukosialin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000502:physiology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism*; D053763:Presenilins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000502:physiology; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D051917:Leukosialin; D053763:Presenilins; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; C465014:SPN protein, human; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D002403:Cathepsins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C534094:CTSG protein, human; D056649:Cathepsin G