title: Guidelines for the derivation of Biomonitoring Equivalents: report from the Biomonitoring Equivalents Expert Workshop.
abstract: Biomonitoring Equivalents (BEs) are defined as the concentration of a chemical (or metabolite) in a biological medium (blood, urine, human milk, etc.) consistent with defined exposure guidance values or toxicity criteria including reference doses and reference concentrations (RfD and RfCs), minimal risk levels (MRLs), or tolerable daily intakes (TDIs) [Hays, S.M., Becker, R.A., Leung, H.W., Aylward, L.L., Pyatt, D.W., 2007. Biomonitoring equivalents: a screening approach for interpreting biomonitoring results from a public health risk perspective. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 47(1), 96-109]. The utility of the BE is to provide a screening tool for placing biomonitoring data into a health risk context. A Panel of experts took part in the Biomonitoring Equivalents Expert Workshop to discuss the various technical issues associated with calculating BEs and developed a set of guidelines for use in the derivation of BEs. Issues addressed included the role of the point of departure (POD) in BE derivation, the appropriate application of human and animal kinetic data and models, consideration of default uncertainty factor components in the context of internal dose-based extrapolations, and relevance of mode of action to technical choices in kinetic modeling and identification of screening values. The findings from this Expert Panel Workshop on BE derivation are presented and provide a set of guidelines and considerations for use in BE derivation.
authors.affiliation: Summit Toxicology, LLP, 165 Valley Road, Lyons, CO 80540, USA. shays@summittoxicology.com
authors.forename: Sean M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hays
authors.forename: Lesa L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Aylward
authors.forename: Judy S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: LaKind
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.forename: Hugh A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Boogaard
authors.forename: Conrad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brunk
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: DiZio
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dourson
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lipscomb
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kilpatrick
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krewski
authors.forename: Kannan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nordberg
authors.forename: Miles
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okino
authors.forename: Yu-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Viau
authors.forename: Janice W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Yager
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D023421:Models, Animal; D008954:Models, Biological; D011634:Public Health; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D015262:Xenobiotics