title: Privileged coding of convex shapes in human object-selective cortex.
abstract: What is the neural code for object shape? Despite intensive research, the precise nature of object representations in high-level visual cortex remains elusive. Here we use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to show that convex shapes are encoded in a privileged fashion by human lateral occipital complex (LOC), a region that has been implicated in object recognition. On each trial, two convex or two concave shapes that were either identical or different were presented sequentially. Critically, the convex and concave stimuli were the same except for a binocular disparity change that reversed the figure-ground assignment. The fMRI response in LOC for convex stimuli was higher for different than that for identical shape pairs, indicating sensitivity to differences in convex shape. However, when the same stimuli were seen as concave, the response for different and identical pairs was the same, indicating lower sensitivity to changes in concave shape than convex shape. This pattern was more pronounced in the anterior than that in the posterior portion of LOC. These results suggest that convex contours could be important elements in cortical object representations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. haushofer@post.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haushofer
authors.forename: Chris I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Margaret S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Livingstone
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanwisher
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005364:Field Dependence-Independence; D005556:Form Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D015357:Vision Disparity / Q000502:physiology*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen