title: Efficacy of nasal Staphylococcus aureus eradication by topical nasal mupirocin in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Staphylococcus aureus (SA) colonization is frequent in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR). Mupirocin has well-recognized antistaphylococcal activity, and its nasal formulation is approved for the eradication of SA nasal colonization.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the frequency of SA nasal carriage, its possible influence on AR severity, and nasal mupirocin's role on AR clinical severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients, aged 5 to 60 years, with AR were included, and 55 healthy individuals served as a control group. Nasal smear specimens were drawn from both nares. A skin prick test to inhalational allergens and a score-graded clinical evaluation of AR were performed. Carriers of SA were treated with topical nasal mupirocin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SA carrier (SAC) state was found in 23 (38%) of the patients with AR and in 8 (15%) of the healthy controls (P = .004). Comparing SACs with AR SA noncarriers, nasal symptom scores (SSs) tended to be higher in the SAC group (mean [SD], 11.09 [2.16] vs 8.86 [1.43]; P < .005). Treatment with topical nasal mupirocin diminished the SAC state to 10% (P = .009) but did not change AR clinical severity, as assessed by the SS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with PAR, the SAC state is more prevalent compared with the healthy population. Topical nasal mupirocin reduces the SAC state but fails to clinically improve PAR, as assessed by the SS.
authors.affiliation: Allergy & Clinical Immunology Unit, Barzilai Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Ashkelon, Israel.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeldin
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Weiler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalinin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlesinger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kidon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Magen
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002353:Carrier State / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016712:Mupirocin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000382:microbiology*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012882:Skin Tests; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D016712:Mupirocin