title: Comparative study between bupivacaine heavy vs pethidine intrathecally to study early haemodynamic changes and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing caesarean section.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study early hemodynamic changes and duration of postoperative analgesia between two study groups of intrathecal pethidine and bupivacaine heavy in patients undergoing caesarean section.
  
  
  METHODS
  Total number of 60 patients of ASA I and II, undergoing caesarean section were enrolled in the study. All the patients were divided into two groups: Pethidine and Bupivacaine heavy. The dose of pethidine for subarachnoid block was 1mg/kg and in Bupivacaine group 2.2 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine heavy was given intrathecally. Heart rate and blood pressure of all the patients were recorded before subarachnoid block. After giving spinal anesthesia, the heart rate and blood pressure were monitored and recorded in different time intervals. The duration of postoperative analgesia in all patients was recorded in postoperative ward. The APGAR Scores of the babies were recorded in 1 and 5 minutes after delivery. The data were statistically compared using independent sample t-test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hemodynamic parameters (HR & BP) were compared in different time intervals. The difference in heart rate and blood pressure at different time intervals in the two study groups were statistically insignificant as (p > 0.05). The total duration of postoperative analgesia in patients receiving sole intrathecal pethidine was 8 hours and 30 minutes. Where as, in Bupivacaine group the duration was 2 hrs and 36 minutes. This has been found statistically significant (p<0.05).
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and ICU, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal. barashrestha@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Maharjan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thapa
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001034:Apgar Score; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008614:Meperidine; D002045:Bupivacaine