Taiwanofungus camphoratus activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and induces hypotriglyceride in hypercholesterolemic rats.
Taiwanofungus camphoratus (T. camphoratus), a fungus and a Taiwan-specific, well-known traditional Chinese medicine, has long been used to treat diarrhea, hypertension, itchy skin, and liver cancer. To gain a large amount of T. camphoratus, several culture techniques have been developed, including solid-state culture and liquid-state fermentation. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) has been described as a hypoglycemic agent that increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues and results in reduced blood glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels in insulin-resistant animals and in type-2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. In this study, we investigate the possibility that T. camphoratus might activate PPARgamma in vitro and hypolipidemic activity in vivo. The results show that an aqueous extract of the wild fruiting bodies of T. camphoratus was able to increase the PPARgamma activity in cells transfected with the PPARgamma expression plasmid and the AOx-TK reporter plasmid. Based on the cell experiment, we examined the hypolipidemic effect of wild fruiting bodies (WFT) and a solid-state culture (SST) of T. camphoratus on SD rats fed on a high-cholesterol (HC) diet. The results show that WFT significantly decreased the serum triglyceride level, but could not affect the cholesterol level. SST only slightly decreased the serum triglyceride level. In addition, both WFT and SST significantly decreased the serum alanine transaminase (ALT) level and protected against the liver damage induced by the HC diet from the results of a histological examination. These results suggest that T. camphoratus might contain PPARgamma ligands and result in a hypotriglyceridemic effect, and that it also exhibits a liver protective activity.
Suk
Fat-Moon
FM
Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital & Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, 11014, Taiwan.
Lin
Shyr-Yi
SY
Chen
Chien-Ho
CH
Yen
Shish-Jung
SJ
Su
Ching-Hua
CH
Liu
Der-Zen
DZ
Hou
Wen-Chi
WC
Hung
Ling-Fang
LF
Lin
Pei-Jung
PJ
Liang
Yu-Chih
YC
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D020011:Protective Agents; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
D002457:Cell Extracts; D047495:PPAR gamma; D020011:Protective Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D000410:Alanine Transaminase