Clinical significance of apolipoprotein A5.
OBJECTIVE
We have examined the evidence from recent human studies examining the role of apolipoprotein A-V in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism and cardiovascular disease risk. Special emphasis was placed on the evidence emerging from the association between genetic variability at the apolipoprotein A5 locus, lipid phenotypes and disease outcomes. Moreover, we address recent reports evaluating apolipoprotein A5 gene-environment interactions in relation to cardiovascular disease and its common risk factors.


RESULTS
Several genetic association studies have continued to strengthen the position of APOA5 as a major gene that is involved in triglyceride metabolism and modulated by dietary factors and pharmacological therapies. Moreover, genetic variants at this locus have been significantly associated with both coronary disease and stroke risks.


CONCLUSIONS
Apolipoprotein A-V has an important role in lipid metabolism, specifically for triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. However, its mechanism of action is still poorly understood. Clinical significance at present comes largely from genetic studies showing a consistent association with plasma triglyceride concentrations. Moreover, the effects of common genetic variants on triglyceride concentrations and disease risk are further modulated by other factors such as diet, pharmacological interventions and BMI. Therefore, these genetic variants could be potentially used to predict cardiovascular disease risk and individualize therapeutic options to decrease cardiovascular disease risk.
Tai
E Shyong
ES
Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Epidemiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Ordovas
Jose M
JM
D000072040:Apolipoprotein A-V; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
C437704:APOA5 protein, human; D000072040:Apolipoprotein A-V; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D014280:Triglycerides