title: Reducing morphological variability of the cervical carotid artery in serial magnetic resonance imaging using a head and neck immobilization device.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate how well a head and neck immobilization device performed in reducing lumen morphology variability in repeated MR imaging of the carotid artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative measures of lumen and plaque characteristics may be important for longitudinal management of carotid atherosclerotic disease. However, quantitative measurements of the carotid artery are limited by their dependence on patient positioning, which can be quite variable. We created a head and neck immobilization device to reduce the variability of patient positioning during MR imaging of the carotid artery. In this article we describe the design and use of the immobilization device and assess how well its use reduced variability in vascular orientation and measurements of the carotid lumen cross-sectional area. Evaluation was based on 15 subjects who were repeatedly imaged without the immobilization device and 14 subjects who were repeatedly imaged with the device.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Use of the immobilization device decreased the orientation variability from 9.1 degrees to 5.3 degrees (P = 0.0006) and the variability (defined as the standard deviation divided by the mean) of the cross-sectional area decreased from 0.24 to 0.18 (P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the immobilization device effectively reduces variability in repeated imaging of the carotid arteries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Meyran Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. chapbe@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Brian E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: Emilee S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Minalga
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: J Rock
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hadley
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006257:Head; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization / Q000295:instrumentation; D053783:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D009333:Neck