title: Toxoplasma gondii isolates from free-range chickens from the northeast region of Brazil.
abstract: The prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in free-ranging chickens is a good indicator of the prevalence of T. gondii oocysts in the soil because chickens feed from the ground. The prevalence of T. gondii in 152 free-range chickens (Gallus domesticus) from 22 municipalities in 7 northeastern states (Pernambuco, Rio Grande do Norte, Maranhão, Bahia, Ceará, Sergipe, and Alagoas) of Brazil was determined. Antibodies to T. gondii were assayed by the modified agglutination test (MAT); 81 (53.3 %) chickens had titers of 1:5 in 26, 1:10 in 9, 1:20 in 4, 1:40 in 1, 1:80 in 6, 1:160 in 6, 1:320 in 13, 1:640 in 6, 1:1,280 in 3, 1:2,560 in 6, and 1:5,120 or higher in 1. Hearts and brains of 81 seropositive chickens were bioassayed individually in mice. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from 23 chickens with MAT titers of 1:5 or higher; the isolates were designated TgCKBr165-187. Five isolates killed all infected mice. Results indicate widespread contamination of rural environment in Brazil with T. gondii oocysts.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Costa Junior
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: de Melo
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ramos Silva
authors.forename: C M L
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bevilaqua
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Muradian
authors.forename: D A F V
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gennari
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002645:Chickens / Q000469:parasitology*; D051379:Mice; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D015995:Prevalence; D012987:Soil / Q000469:parasitology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D012987:Soil