title: Spatial targeted vector control is able to reduce malaria prevalence in the highlands of Burundi.
abstract: In a highland province of Burundi, indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal net distribution were targeted in the valley, aiming also to protect the population living on the hilltops. The impact on malaria indicators was assessed, and the potential additional effect of nets evaluated. After the intervention--and compared with the control valleys--children 1-9 years old in the treated valleys had lower risks of malaria infection (odds ratio, OR: 0.55), high parasite density (OR: 0.48), and clinical malaria (OR: 0.57). The impact on malaria prevalence was even higher in infants (OR: 0.14). Using nets did not confer an additional protective effect to spraying. Targeted vector control had a major impact on malaria in the high-risk valleys but not in the less-exposed hilltops. Investment in targeted and regular control measures associated with effective case management should be able to control malaria in the highlands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium. nprotopopoff@itg.be
authors.forename: Natacha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Protopopoff
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van Bortel
authors.forename: Tanguy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marcotty
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Herp
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.forename: Dismas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baza
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: D'Alessandro
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coosemans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D001512:Bedding and Linens; D002063:Burundi / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005651:Fumigation / Q000379:methods*; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007303:Insect Vectors; D007306:Insecticides; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D034101:Sporozoites; D019371:Topography, Medical
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides