title: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Hispanic vs the non-Hispanic populations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to compare rates of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for Hispanic and non-Hispanic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA) victims in Arizona.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a secondary analysis of consecutive OOHCA victims prospectively enrolled into our statewide OOHCA quality improvement database between November 2004 and November 2006. Continuous data are presented as means +/- SDs and analyzed using t tests; categorical data are presented as frequency of occurrence and analyzed using chi(2). The primary outcome was whether bystander CPR rates were different for Hispanic vs non-Hispanic OOHCA victims. Secondary comparisons were initial cardiac rhythms and survival to hospital discharge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 2411 OOHCA victims during the period of analysis. A total of 952 arrests were excluded because ethnicity was not documented; 80 arrests were excluded because they were traumatic. A total of 1379 arrests were included for analysis, of which 273 (19.8%) were Hispanic. Hispanics were less likely to receive bystander CPR than non-Hispanics (32.2% vs 41.5%; P < .0001). Hispanics and non-Hispanics were dissimilar with respect to age (53.2 +/- 25 vs 64.5 +/- 19.3 years; P = .0001), paramedic response time (5.1 vs 5.5 minutes; P = .0006), initial rhythm asystole (53.8% vs 44.5%; P = .005), and initial rhythm ventricular fibrillation (20.5% vs 26.7%; P = .036). Survival to hospital discharge (8.1% vs 7.1%) was not statistically different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the state of Arizona, significantly fewer Hispanic OOHCA victims receive bystander CPR than non-Hispanics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. vadeboncoeur.tyler@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Tyler F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Vadeboncoeur
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Richman
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darkoh
authors.forename: Vatsal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chikani
authors.forename: Lani
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Bentley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bobrow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001130:Arizona / Q000453:epidemiology; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate