Clinical and laboratory evaluations of non-surgical periodontal treatment in subjects with diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory changes 3 months after full-mouth scaling and root planing in subjects with and without diabetes mellitus.


METHODS
This study was performed using 10 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who required insulin therapy (DM) and 10 healthy adult control subjects (NDM) with generalized chronic periodontal disease. Both groups were treated with full-mouth scaling and root planing and given oral hygiene instructions. Clinical parameters, including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL), were measured at four sites per tooth. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from sites with the deepest PD (> or =5 mm) and with furcations in each subject. Samples were also tested for the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis) by polymerase chain reaction. Glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] and fasting glucose levels) and clinical and microbiologic assessments were recorded at baseline and 3 months after periodontal treatment.


RESULTS
Data revealed statistical changes (P < or =0.05; analysis of variance [ANOVA]) in clinical variables (PI, GI, PD, GR, and CAL) between baseline and 3 months in both groups. Conversely, no improvement in the fasting glucose level or glycosylated hemoglobin (P < or =0.05; ANOVA) was found after treatment. Besides some reduction in the bacterial frequency 3 months after treatment, no statistically significant difference was found between the groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Clinical and laboratory responses were similar in DM and NDM groups 3 months after full-mouth scaling and root planing.
da Cruz
Gabriela Alessandra
GA
Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. gabyccruz@fop.unicamp.br
de Toledo
Sergio
S
Sallum
Enilson Antonio
EA
Sallum
Antonio Wilson
AW
Ambrosano
Gláucia Maria Bovi
GM
de Cássia Orlandi Sardi
Janaina
J
da Cruz
Sérgio Eduardo Braga
SE
Gonçalves
Reginaldo Bruno
RB
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017823:Furcation Defects / Q000628:therapy; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000628:therapy; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000628:therapy; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000628:therapy; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016745:Root Planing
D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin