Antifungal resistance of Candida glabrata vaginal isolates and development of a quantitative reverse transcription-PCR-based azole susceptibility assay.
A multiplex quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay was developed to detect azole resistance in Candida glabrata, an important opportunistic pathogen that develops resistance rapidly. Resistance was defined as a >or=3-fold increase in CDR1 expression by this assay, which proved to be 100% sensitive and 95% specific in comparison to the gold standard broth microdilution assay.
Gygax
Scott E
SE
Department of Research and Development, Antimicrobial Resistance Division, Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, LLC, 2439 Kuser Road, Hamilton, NJ 08690, USA. sgygax@mdlab.com
Vermitsky
John-Paul
JP
Chadwick
Sean G
SG
Self
Matthew J
MJ
Zimmerman
Jessica A
JA
Mordechai
Eli
E
Adelson
Martin E
ME
Trama
Jason P
JP
D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D041221:Candida glabrata / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000382:microbiology; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001393:Azoles; C094693:CDR1 protein, Candida albicans; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D015725:Fluconazole