title: Red/near-infrared boron-dipyrromethene dyes as strongly emitting fluorophores.
abstract: We present an overview of the state of the art in long-wavelength boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) fluorophores, focusing on strategies to shift the absorption and emission bands into the red/near-infrared (NIR) range of the spectrum. This report also discusses chemical modifications of the chromophoric core to obtain analyte-responsive fluorophores, including examples of pH and metal ion indicators. Finally, we present a new series of phenanthrene-fused BODIPY dyes, emitting with high efficiency in the red/NIR region of the spectrum, as well as discussing potential applications thereof as probes.
authors.affiliation: Division I.5, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Str. 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany. ana.descalzo@bam.de
authors.forename: Ana B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Descalzo
authors.forename: Hai-Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rurack
mesh_terms: D001895:Boron / Q000737:chemistry*; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D008956:Models, Chemical; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011162:Porphobilinogen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: C095489:4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene; D001896:Boron Compounds; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D012997:Solvents; C507544:dipyrromethene; C031181:phenanthrene; D011162:Porphobilinogen; D001895:Boron