title: Gene transfer may be preventive but not curative for a lysosomal transport disorder.
abstract: Cystinosis belongs to a growing class of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) caused by defective transmembrane proteins. The causative CTNS gene encodes the lysosomal cystine transporter, cystinosin. Currently the aminothiol cysteamine is the only drug available for reducing cystine storage but this treatment has non-negligible side effects and administration constraints. In this study, for the first time, we report viral vector-mediated CTNS gene transfer and evaluate the feasibility of this strategy as a complementary treatment. Initially, we transduced human CTNS(-/-) fibroblast cell lines and primary murine Ctns(-/-) hepatocyte cultures in vitro and demonstrated that gene transfer can reduce cystine storage. Because of age-related increase in cystine levels, we transduced hepatocytes from young (</=3 months of age) and older (>/=5 months of age) mice. Our in vitro data suggested that the efficiency of correction was age-dependent. We tested these observations in vivo: short-term (1 week) and long-term (4 weeks) CTNS-transduction significantly reduced hepatic cystine levels in young, but not older, Ctns(-/-) mice. Our data provide the proof-of-concept that gene transfer is feasible for correcting defective lysosomal transport, but suggest that, in the case of cystinosis, it could be preventive but not curative in some tissues.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hippert
authors.forename: Grégor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Disson
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibanes
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jacquet
authors.forename: Reto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schwendener
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Antignac
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kremer
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kalatzis
mesh_terms: D006516:Adenoviruses, Canine / Q000235:genetics; D000367:Age Factors; D026921:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003553:Cystine / Q000378:metabolism*; D003554:Cystinosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
chemical_list: D026921:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; C111445:CTNS protein, human; C534463:cystinosin protein, mouse; D003553:Cystine