title: A splice variant of HER2 corresponding to Herstatin is expressed in the noncancerous breast and in breast carcinomas.
abstract: Herstatin (HST) is an alternatively spliced HER2 product with growth-inhibitory properties in experimental cancer systems. The role of HST in adult human tissues and disease remains unexplored. Here, we investigated HST expression at the mRNA and protein (immunohistochemistry [IHC]) level in parallel with parameters reflecting HER activation in 187 breast carcinomas and matched noncancerous breast tissues (NCBT). Noncancerous breast tissues demonstrated the highest HST/HER2 transcript ratios corresponding to a few positive epithelial and stromal cells by IHC. Although HST/HER2 transcript ratios in tumors were inversely associated with HER2 IHC grading (P = .0048 for HER2 IHC-1+ and P = .0006 for HER2 IHC-2+ vs HER2-negative tumors), relative HST expression within the same tumor/NCBT system remained constant. HST/HER2 ratios did not predict the presence of HST protein, which was found in 46 (25%) of 187 tumors. A subgroup of HER2 IHC-3+ tumors exhibited high HST/HER2 transcript ratios, strong HST protein positivity, and cytoplasmic phospho-Akt/PKB and p21(CIP1/WAF1) localization. In conclusion, HST may act as a paracrine factor in the adult breast. Because HST is described as an endogenous pan-HER inhibitor, the presence of this protein in breast carcinomas may portent the inefficiency of exogenous efforts to block HER2 dimerization, whereas its absence may justify such interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Triantafyllia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koletsa
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kostopoulos
authors.forename: Elpida
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Charalambous
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Christoforidou
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nenopoulou
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kotoula
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018734:Genes, erbB-2; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D019899:Paracrine Communication / Q000235:genetics; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C434665:herstatin