title: Di-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (PC-18:1) stimulates paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzymatic and biological activities: in vitro and in vivo studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-associated enzyme which possess anti-atherogenic properties. Our aim was to analyze the effect of HDL phospholipids on HDL-associated paraoxonase (PON1) catalytic and biological activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In HDL isolated from di-oleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (PC-18:1)-enriched serum, HDL-PC-18:1 levels, as well as PON1 lactonase, arylesterase and paraoxonase activities were increased by 23%, 35%, 47% and 63%, respectively, as compared to control HDL (p<0.01). Furthermore, PON1 contribution to HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from J774A.1 macrophages was higher in PC-18:1-enriched HDL in comparison to control HDL. In vivo olive oil consumption by Balb C mice increased HDL phospholipids/protein (30%), and HDL-PON1 arylesterase (150%) and lactonase (94%) activities (p<0.01). Furthermore, in the olive oil-treated mice PON1 contribution to HDL-mediated macrophage cholesterol efflux was higher by 100%, in comparison to placebo mouse HDL (p<0.01). Similarly, olive oil consumption by healthy subjects increased HDL-PC-18:1 levels, HDL-PON1 arylesterase (88%), lactonase (52%), paraoxonase (140%) activities and PON1 stimulatory effect on HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux (53%) as compared to HDL before treatment (p<0.01). PC-18:1 stimulatory effect on recombinant PON1 mutant (lacks 20 amino acids at the N-terminal region) paraoxonase and lactonase activities was lower by 56% and 57%, respectively, in comparison to its effect on wild type PON1 (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intervention to increase PON1 activities by HDL enrichment with PC-18:1 could be proven as a beneficial anti-atherogenic therapy.
authors.affiliation: The Lipid Research Laboratory, Technion Faculty of Medicine, The Rappaport Family Institute for Research in the Medical Sciences, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa 31096, Israel.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Efrat
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenblat
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaya
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aviram
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D002384:Catalysis / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010938:Plant Oils; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human; C017251:1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine