title: Alum flocculation and bioflocculation of activated sludge for vacuum filtration.
abstract: This study investigated the relationship between sludge loading rate, COD-to-nitrogen ratio of influent waste, and maximum difference in specific resistance as a result of chemical conditioning (DeltaZ). It also related DeltaZ to sludge carbohydrate content, protein content, and surface charge. This research also explored the necessity of chemical conditioning when an activated sludge exhibits excellent bioflocculation characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, University of Missouri at Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Novak