title: Endothelial EphA receptor stimulation increases lung vascular permeability.
abstract: Mediators of angiogenesis such as VEGFs and angiopoietins may regulate pulmonary vascular permeability under normal and pathological conditions. Ephrin family receptor tyrosine kinases are expressed in the vasculature and also regulate angiogenesis under some circumstances, but whether they also modulate lung vascular permeability is unknown. We hypothesized that stimulation of lung endothelial EphA receptors with ephrin-a1 ligand would alter pulmonary vascular permeability and tested this idea in vivo and in vitro. We found that ephrin-a1 ligand and EphA2 receptors are expressed in distal normal lung vasculature and that their expression is increased in injured lung, suggesting a link to mechanisms of increased permeability. Intravenous injection of ephrin-a1 caused a large increase in the leakage of labeled albumin into the lungs of rats within 30 min (293 +/- 27 vs. 150 +/- 6 ng/mg dry lung, P < 0.01), along with histological evidence of the formation of endothelial disruptions. In cultured lung vascular endothelial cells, stimulation with ephrin-a1 increased monolayer permeability by 44% (P < 0.01), a permeability change similar to that seen with VEGF stimulation of the same cells. Ephrin-a1 stimulation in vivo and in vitro was associated with histological evidence for disruptions of tight and adherens junctions. These observations describe a novel role for ephrin-a1 and EphA receptors in the regulation of vascular permeability in the lung.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Lung Biology Laboratory, Box B-131, Univ. of Colorado School of Medicine, 4200 East 9th Ave., Denver, CO 80262, USA.
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Stacey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schomberg
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Todd C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Carpenter
mesh_terms: D022005:Adherens Junctions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D062507:Claudin-5; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D036382:Ephrin-A1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D036104:Receptor, EphA2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D036081:Receptors, Eph Family / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000099152:Cadherin 5
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015820:Cadherins; D062507:Claudin-5; D017931:DNA Primers; D036382:Ephrin-A1; D008024:Ligands; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D036104:Receptor, EphA2; D036081:Receptors, Eph Family; D000099152:Cadherin 5; C491510:Cldn5 protein, rat