title: Protective effects of protopine on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury of PC12 cells via Ca(2+) antagonism and antioxidant mechanisms.
abstract: Calcium and lipid peroxidation play important roles in oxidative stress-induced cellular injury and apoptosis, which ultimately cause cell death. In this study we examined whether protopine had a neuroprotection against H(2)O(2)-induced injury in PC12 cells. Pretreatment of PC12 cells with protopine improved the cell viability, enhanced activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, and decreased malondialdehyde level in the H(2)O(2) injured cells. Protopine also reversed the increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and the reduced mitochondrial membrane potential caused by H(2)O(2) in the cells. Furthermore, protopine was able to inhibit caspase-3 expression and cell apoptosis induced by H(2)O(2). In summary, this study demonstrates that protopine is able to relieve H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cells, at least in part, by Ca(2+) antagonism and antioxidant mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianghua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Juntian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jingwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chaoyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D016877:Oxidants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D053148:Caspase 3; D002118:Calcium; C009093:protopine