title: Structural details and composition of Trichomonas vaginalis lipophosphoglycan in relevance to the epithelial immune function.
abstract: Trichomonas vaginalis causes the most common non-viral sexually transmitted infection linked to increased risk of premature birth, cervical cancer and HIV. This study defines molecular domains of the parasite surface glycoconjugate lipophosphoglycan (LPG) with distinct functions in the host immunoinflammatory response. The ceramide phospho-inositol glycan core (CPI-GC) released by mild acid had Mr of approximately 8,700 Da determined by MALDI-TOF MS. Rha, GlcN, Gal and Xyl and small amounts of GalN and Glc were found in CPI-GC. N-acetyllactosamine repeats were identified by endo-beta-galactosidase treatment followed by MALDI-MS and MS/MS and capLC/ESI-MS/MS analyses. Mild acid hydrolysis led to products rich in internal deoxyhexose residues. The CPI-GC induced chemokine production, NF-kappaB and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 activation in human cervicovaginal epithelial cells, but neither the released saccharide components nor the lipid-devoid LPG showed these activities. These results suggest a dominant role for CPI-GC in the pathogenic epithelial response to trichomoniasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
authors.forename: Bibhuti N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: Nelly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Viseux
authors.forename: Ekaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mirgorodskaya
authors.forename: Radiana T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Trifonova
authors.forename: Rosaria Rita S
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Sassi
authors.forename: Catherine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: Raina N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Fichorova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008297:Male; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000276:immunology; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000276:immunology; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014247:Trichomonas Vaginitis / Q000276:immunology*; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D006028:Glycosphingolipids; C008290:lipophosphonoglycan; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3