title: Evaluating the role of contingency in differentially reinforced tic suppression.
abstract: The current study evaluated the effects of tokens delivered on differential reinforcement of zero-rate behavior (DRO) schedules or noncontingently on tic suppression in 4 children with tics. Tic frequency was lower in 3 of 4 children when tokens were delivered contingent on the absence of tics than when tokens were delivered noncontingently.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA. michael.himle@und.edu
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Himle
authors.forename: Douglas W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Liviu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bunaciu
mesh_terms: D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D012931:Social Environment; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior; D014040:Token Economy; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*