title: Transforming growth factor beta isoforms (TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3) messenger RNA expression in laryngeal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cancerogenesis is a multistage process controlled by many cytokines, including growth factors. The aim of the study was the comparison of transcriptional activity of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) genes in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and adjacent nonneoplastic tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissues samples were obtained from 32 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in histologic grades G1 to G3 who underwent surgical treatment at the ENT Clinics of Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland. Quantification of gene expression was performed by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In tumor cells, expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 isoforms (P < .001) was higher than in normal tissues. There was a positive correlation between the expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 genes in tumors (R = 0.78, P = .0000) and adjacent normal tissues (R = 0.77, P = .0000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2 messenger RNAs may be useful as molecular markers in distinguishing cancer from nonneoplastic tissues in laryngeal area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Silesia, Sosnowiec, Poland. mkapral@slam.katowice.pl
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kapral
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Strzalka
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kowalczyk
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jurzak
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mazurek
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gierek
authors.forename: Jaroslaw
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paluch
authors.forename: Jaroslaw
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Markowski
authors.forename: Longina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Swiatkowska
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weglarz
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000235:genetics*; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3