title: HDAC6 inhibition enhances 17-AAG--mediated abrogation of hsp90 chaperone function in human leukemia cells.
abstract: Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is a heat shock protein 90 (hsp90) deacetylase. Treatment with pan-HDAC inhibitors or depletion of HDAC6 by siRNA induces hyperacetylation and inhibits ATP binding and chaperone function of hsp90. Treatment with 17-allylamino-demothoxy geldanamycin (17-AAG) also inhibits ATP binding and chaperone function of hsp90, resulting in polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of hsp90 client proteins. In this study, we determined the effect of hsp90 hyperacetylation on the anti-hsp90 and antileukemia activity of 17-AAG. Hyperacetylation of hsp90 increased its binding to 17-AAG, as well as enhanced 17-AAG-mediated attenuation of ATP and the cochaperone p23 binding to hsp90. Notably, treatment with 17-AAG alone also reduced HDAC6 binding to hsp90 and induced hyperacetylation of hsp90. This promoted the proteasomal degradation of HDAC6. Cotreatment with 17-AAG and siRNA to HDAC6 induced more inhibition of hsp90 chaperone function and depletion of BCR-ABL and c-Raf than treatment with either agent alone. In addition, cotreatment with 17-AAG and tubacin augmented the loss of survival of K562 cells and viability of primary acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) samples. These findings demonstrate that HDAC6 is an hsp90 client protein and hyperacetylation of hsp90 augments the anti-hsp90 and antileukemia effects of 17-AAG.
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Georgia (MCG) Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
authors.forename: Rekha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fiskus
authors.forename: Yonghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Pearl
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Rajeshree
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Pravina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandawat
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Atadja
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bradner
authors.forename: Kapil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhalla
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000378:metabolism; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000073864:Histone Deacetylase 6; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016227:Benzoquinones; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C112765:tanespimycin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; C433811:HDAC6 protein, human; D000073864:Histone Deacetylase 6; D006655:Histone Deacetylases