title: Changes in the chemical composition of reduced cooked musts during the heating process.
abstract: Cooked must is the starting raw material in Aceto Balsamico Tradizionale di Modena (ABTM) production, and the cooking process is a crucial step to ensure quality and safety standards. In particular, the furfural content has to be strictly monitored. In this study, we followed, directly at the production plant, nine cooking processes, differing for grape type and process conditions in order to monitor the actual variability in cooked must reduction. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and furfural contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique and glucose, fructose, and tartaric and malic acids by gas chromatography (GC) technique. Furthermore, some bulk properties, such as the water content, refractive index, density, and total acidity, were also measured. The obtained results show that the product undergoes, in the worse operating conditions, remarkable degradation, leading to extremely high levels of furfurals (5-HMF and furfural), corresponding to a water content lower than 40%. On the basis of these results, a first draft of an optimal heating protocol may be suggested in order to guarantee the safety and quality of the final product.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 183, 41100 Modena, Italia.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cocchi
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Consonni
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Durante
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grandi
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manzini
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sighinolfi
mesh_terms: D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014867:Water; C008046:5-hydroxymethylfurfural; D005662:Furaldehyde