title: Development and validation of the childhood narcissism scale.
abstract: In this article, we describe the development and validation of a short (10 item) but comprehensive self-report measure of childhood narcissism. The Childhood Narcissism Scale (CNS) is a 1-dimensional measure of stable individual differences in childhood narcissism with strong internal consistency reliability (Studies 1-4). The CNS is virtually unrelated to conventional measures of self-esteem but is positively related to self-appraised superiority, social evaluative concern and self-esteem contingency, agentic interpersonal goals, and emotional extremity (Study 5). Furthermore, the CNS is negatively related to empathic concern and positively related to aggression following ego threat (Study 6). These results suggest that childhood narcissism has similar psychological and interpersonal correlates as adult narcissism. The CNS provides researchers a convenient tool for measuring narcissism in children and young adolescents with strong preliminary psychometric characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, VU University, The Netherlands. s.thomaes@uu.nl
authors.forename: Sander
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomaes
authors.forename: Hedy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stegge
authors.forename: Brad J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bushman
authors.forename: Tjeert
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Olthof
authors.forename: Jaap
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Denissen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D004645:Empathy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009289:Narcissism; D009426:Netherlands; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011594:Psychometrics; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*