Stability of asthma control with regular treatment: an analysis of the Gaining Optimal Asthma controL (GOAL) study.
BACKGROUND
Uncontrolled asthma is characterized by variability. Current asthma guidelines recommend focussing on the achievement and maintenance of control but few studies have examined in detail, using composite measures of control, the stability and potential duration of control once achieved. In this post-hoc analysis of the results of the Gaining Optimal Asthma controL (GOAL) study, we examine the association between the level of asthma control achieved during the step-up phase of the study and the stability of control experienced during the maintenance phase.


METHODS
GOAL was a 1-year, randomized, stratified, double-blind study of 3421 patients with uncontrolled asthma, which compared salmeterol/fluticasone propionate combination with fluticasone propionate in achieving two composite, guideline-based measures of control: totally controlled and well-controlled asthma. We analysed the proportion and duration of time spent in control, the effect of treatment on asthma stability, and the impact of asthma control stability on unscheduled use of healthcare resources.


RESULTS
In patients achieving well-controlled or totally controlled asthma, at least well-controlled asthma was maintained for a median of almost 3 and 6 months, and for more than 85% and 95% of weeks of follow-up, respectively. A high level of stability was confirmed in a Markov analysis investigating transitional probability of change in control status. Variability in control was associated with increased probability of an unscheduled healthcare resource use (odds ratio: 1.06, P < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Most patients achieving guideline-defined control can maintain at least a similar level of control with regular, stable dosing, with little likelihood of losing control.
Bateman
E D
ED
Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Bousquet
J
J
Busse
W W
WW
Clark
T J H
TJ
Gul
N
N
Gibbs
M
M
Pedersen
S
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000420:Albuterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000068298:Fluticasone; D000068297:Fluticasone-Salmeterol Drug Combination; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D013997:Time Factors
D000730:Androstadienes; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000068297:Fluticasone-Salmeterol Drug Combination; D000068298:Fluticasone; D000420:Albuterol