title: Neural basis of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol: effects during response inhibition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined the effect of Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on brain activation during a motor inhibition task.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioural measures were recorded while 15 healthy volunteers performed a Go/No-Go task following administration of either THC or CBD or placebo in a double-blind, pseudo-randomized, placebo-controlled repeated measures within-subject design.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relative to placebo, THC attenuated activation in the right inferior frontal and the anterior cingulate gyrus. In contrast, CBD deactivated the left temporal cortex and insula. These effects were not related to changes in anxiety, intoxication, sedation, and psychotic symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that THC attenuates the engagement of brain regions that mediate response inhibition. CBD modulated function in regions not usually implicated in response inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, United Kingdom. s.borgwardt@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Stefan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Borgwardt
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Sagnik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fusar-Poli
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Crippa
authors.forename: Marc L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Seal
authors.forename: Valter
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fraccaro
authors.forename: Zerrin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Atakan
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martin-Santos
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Carroll
authors.forename: Katya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rubia
authors.forename: Philip K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: McGuire
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002185:Cannabidiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003657:Decision Making / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D002185:Cannabidiol; D013759:Dronabinol; D010100:Oxygen