Impending paradoxical embolism. When and how to treat?
Impending paradoxical embolism (IPDE) is the presence of an entrapped thrombus through the patent foramen ovale (PFO). Usually IPDE are diagnosed by echocardiography or thoracic CT-scan performed during the evaluation of patient presenting with a suspicion of pulmonary embolism (PE). We report the case of a 73-year-old patient presenting with a very large IPDE successfully treated with cardiac surgery and we focus our discussion on the treatment modalities of this rare entity (anticoagulation alone, fibrinolytic regimens, cardiac surgery, percutaneous thrombectomy) and on PFO management after IPDE.
Bonvini
R F
RF
Angiology and Hemostasis Division, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. robert.bonvini@hcuge.ch
Robert-Ebadi
H
H
Fontana
P
P
Fassa
A
A
Myers
P
P
Licker
M
M
Boehlen
F
F
Righini
M
M
D000368:Aged; D019320:Embolism, Paradoxical / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans