title: Effects of an antagonist of the bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide receptor on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of RC-3095 in clinical and histopathologic parameters and inflammatory mediators on complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis (CFA).
  
  
  METHODS
  The arthritis was induced by injection of CFA into the left hind footpad. The animals were divided into control, vehicle injected control, placebo group (saline subcutaneously 50ml/kg, once daily for 8 days after modeling), treatment group (0.3mg/kg of RC-3095 subcutaneously, once daily for 8 days after induction). Clinical evaluation was accomplished daily, through scoring of the paw edema. The animals were sacrificed 15 days after induction for collection of hind foot joints for histology. We used a histological scoring system which was previously described, and interferon (INF)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6 and interleukin (IL)-10 were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant inhibition of joint histological findings in the RC-3095 treated group, including synovial inflammatory infiltration and hyperplasia, cartilage and bone erosion. IFN-gamma, IL-1beta, TNF, IL-6 and IL-10 serum levels were significantly lower in the treated group. Paw swelling and subcutaneous inflammation, evaluated clinically, were not different between CFA-induced groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RC-3095 was able to improve experimental arthritis, attenuate joint damage and decrease serum levels of IFN-gamma, IL-1beta, TNF, IL-6 and IL-10. These data indicate that interference with GRP pathway is a potential new strategy for the treatment of RA that needs further investigational studies.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Brazil.
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Brenol
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Edelweiss
authors.forename: J C T
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Brenol
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petronilho
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roesler
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dal-Pizzol
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schwartsmann
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Xavier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D001839:Bombesin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018004:Receptors, Bombesin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013643:Tarsus, Animal / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010919:Placebos; D018004:Receptors, Bombesin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; C071363:bombesin (6-14), Tpi(6)-Leu(13)-psi(CH2NH)-Leu(14)-; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D001839:Bombesin