title: Changes of bladder activity and glycine levels in the lumbosacral cord after partial bladder outlet obstruction in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the time course of changes in bladder activity as well as in spinal and serum levels of glutamate and glycine after partial bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 36 female rats were divided into six groups: sham operation (control); 3 days, 14 days, and 28 days after BOO; 3 days and 28 days after relief of BOO. Under urethane anesthesia, isovolumetric cystometry was carried out in each group. Then, spinal and serum levels of glutamate and glycine were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interval between bladder contractions was shorter in all of the groups compared with the control group. The amplitude and duration of bladder contractions was decreased at 3 days, 14 days, and 28 days after BOO, and at 3 days after relief of BOO. Spinal and serum glutamate levels showed no changes. However, the spinal glycine level was decreased at 14 days and 28 days after BOO, and at 28 days after relief of BOO. Serum glycine level was also decreased at 28 days after BOO and 28 days after relief of BOO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detrusor overactivity during the chronic phase of partial BOO is partly caused by a decrease of glycinergic neuronal activity in the lumbosacral cord. A 3-day period of BOO produces detrusor overactivity, which might be due to an irreversible decrease of spinal glycinergic neuronal activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Organ-Oriented Medicine, Division of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nakagami-gun, Okinawa, Japan. f040812@med.u-ryukyu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazato
authors.forename: Kimio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugaya
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishijima
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadekawa
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oshiro
authors.forename: Sanehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hokama
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005998:Glycine / Q000032:analysis*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012447:Sacrum; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000737:chemistry*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D005998:Glycine