title: Growth outcomes and complications after radiologic gastrostomy in 120 children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Enteral feeding is ideal for children with low caloric intake. It can be provided through different methods, including nasogastric, nasojejunal, gastrostomy, or gastrojejunostomy tubes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess growth outcomes of pediatric patients following retrograde percutaneous gastrostomy (RPG) and compare complications with those following other gastrostomy methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 120 random RPG patients from 2002 to 2003 (mean follow-up, 2.7 years). Patient weights and growth percentiles were recorded at insertion, and at 0-5 months, 6-12 months, and 18-24 months after insertion, and then compared using a Student's t-test. Complications and tube maintenance issues (TMIs) were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gastrostomy tube insertion was successful in all 120 patients (59 boys, 61 girls; mean age 4.3 years). The most common underlying diagnosis was neurologic disease (29%, 35/120) and the main indication was inadequate caloric intake (24%, 29/120). Significant increases in growth percentile for the entire population were demonstrated between insertion and 0-5 months (18.7-25.3; P<0.001) and between insertion and 18-24 months (18.7-25.8; P<0.001). In boys and girls significant growth increases occurred between insertion and 0-5 months (boys P=0.004; girls P=0.01). There were 11 major postprocedural complications, 100 minor complications and 169 TMIs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RPG provides long-term enteral nutrition in the pediatric population and increases growth significantly 6 and 24 months after insertion. Minor complications and TMIs are frequent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Evan Cole
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Bairbre
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Temple
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Chait
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: Joao G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Amaral
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012189:Retrospective Studies