title: Chronic corticosterone administration does not potentiate unconditioned freezing to the predator odor, trimethylthiazoline.
abstract: Chronic high levels of corticosterone (CORT) are known to facilitate learning and memory of aversive events. Whether this effect of chronic CORT also generalizes to unconditioned or unlearned fear behavior is not known. The present study investigated whether high levels of chronic CORT enhance unconditioned fear to a predator odor, trimethylthiazoline (TMT), an innate fear stimulus to rodents. TMT induces a dose-related freezing response, a prototypical behavior to fearful stimuli, in rats. The first experiment demonstrated that dose-related freezing to repeated exposures of TMT does not habituate, sensitize or produce contextually conditioned fear, and therefore can be used to measure the effects of chronic CORT on unconditioned fear to repeated exposures of TMT. In Experiment 2, 21-day release corticosterone pellets (200mg) were implanted subcutaneously in male, Sprague-Dawley rats. Control rats received sham implantation. On days when TMT was not present, chronic CORT rats froze significantly more than sham rats. However, while TMT-induced freezing in both chronic CORT and sham rats, freezing during exposure to TMT was not further enhanced in chronic CORT rats. Thus, chronic CORT appears to increase fear as measured by freezing, possibly by enhancing vigilance, but does not facilitate fear behavior induced by the innate fear stimulus, TMT.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, United States. jrosen@udel.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Melanie P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Donley
authors.forename: Dione
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schulkin
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects*; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005239:Fear / Q000187:drug effects*; D046352:Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C451263:2,4,5 trimethylthiazoline; D013844:Thiazoles; D003345:Corticosterone