title: Burden of depression among impoverished HIV-positive women in Peru.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In resource-poor settings, the mental health burden among HIV-positive women is exacerbated by poverty. We sought to describe the extent, risk factors, and experience of depression among impoverished HIV-positive women living in Lima, Peru.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a case series of 78 HIV-positive women in Lima, Peru. We measured depression, stigma, and social support and performed a multivariable analysis to identify factors associated with depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 78 HIV-positive patients, 68% were depressed. Depression and suicidal ideation were rarely diagnosed by providers. In multivariable analysis, HIV-related stigma and food scarcity were associated with depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our cohort of HIV-positive women in Lima, Peru, poverty and socioeconomic vulnerability contributed to depression. Findings highlight the heavy burden of depression in this cohort of poor women and the need to incorporate mental health services as an integral component of HIV care.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University Hospital, USA.
authors.forename: Diana Ying
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Munoz
authors.forename: Betty
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Espiritu
authors.forename: Jhon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zeladita
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Callacna
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arevalo
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caldas
authors.forename: Sonya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D011203:Poverty; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014505:Urban Population