title: Impact of high-pressure carbon dioxide combined with thermal treatment on degradation of red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) pigments.
abstract: A combined high-pressure carbon dioxide (HP-CO 2) and thermal degradation reaction of betanin and isobetanin in aqueous solution was investigated and can be described by a first-order decay. At 45 degrees C, the degradation rate constant ( k) for each pigment component significantly increased (the half-life ( t 1/2) decreased, p < 0.05) with elevated pressure. Furthermore, HP-CO 2 treatment led to lower k values (higher t 1/2 values) than thermal treatment. However, k and t 1/2 values approached those of thermal treatment when the pressure was >30 MPa combined with temperatures exceeding 55 degrees C. Moreover, betanin was more stable than isobetanin under HP-CO 2. E a values ranged from 94.01 kJ/mol for betanin and 97.16 kJ/mol for isobetanin at atmospheric pressure to 170.83 and 142.69 kJ/mol at 50 MPa, respectively. A higher pressure and temperature as well as longer exposure time resulted in higher values of L*, b*, C*, and h degrees . HP-CO 2 induced more degradation products from betanin and isobetanin than thermal treatment with an identical temperature and exposure time.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China. gyxcau@126.com
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yanxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Honggao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D027461:Beta vulgaris / Q000737:chemistry*; D050859:Betacyanins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006207:Half-Life; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007700:Kinetics; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000737:chemistry*; D011312:Pressure; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D050859:Betacyanins; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C020228:betanin