Organelle-targeted nanocarriers: specific delivery of liposomal ceramide to mitochondria enhances its cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo.
To further increase the therapeutic activity of drugs known to act on intracellular target sites, in vivo drug delivery approaches must actively mediate the specific delivery of drug molecules to the subcellular site of action. We show here that surface modification of nanocarriers with mitochondriotropic triphenylphosphonium cations facilitates the efficient subcellular delivery of a model drug to mitochondria of mammalian cells and improves its activity in vitro and in vivo.
Boddapati
Sarathi V
SV
Northeastern University, Bouve College of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
D'Souza
Gerard G M
GG
Erdogan
Suna
S
Torchilin
Vladimir P
VP
Weissig
Volkmar
V
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002518:Ceramides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*
D002518:Ceramides; D008081:Liposomes