title: Molar incisor hypomineralization in Hong Kong Chinese children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most prevalence studies on molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) were carried out in European countries, and data from the East-Asian populations were lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of MIH in Hong Kong Chinese children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since 2006, charting of teeth with MIH was included into the routine dental examination in a school dental clinic. The dental records of grade 6 primary school children who attended annual check-up in this clinic in 2006 were subsequently reviewed retrospectively. The records were selected for this study if the charting indicated that the children were affected by MIH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2635 records were reviewed and 73 cases of MIH were identified. The prevalence of MIH in this group of children was 2.8%. Their mean age was 12, and the male-to-female ratio was 1 : 1.2. The mean decayed, missing, or filled permanent teeth value of those affected was 1.5, which was higher than that of the general Hong Kong Chinese children aged 12 years old (0.8). A total of 192 teeth were affected. The most commonly affected teeth were permanent maxillary first molars, followed by mandibular first molars and maxillary central incisors. Dental fillings and fissure sealants were found in 52 (38%) and 65 (47%) permanent first molars with hypomineralization, respectively. Medical histories were unremarkable in 60 children, whereas early childhood diseases were reported in 13 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of MIH in the permanent dentition of Hong Kong Chinese children was 2.8%. Children with MIH showed higher caries experience in the permanent dentition than the general population of similar age.
authors.affiliation: School Dental Care Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong. rony_cho@dh.gov.hk
authors.forename: Shiu-Yin
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ki
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044466:Asian People; D002648:Child; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology; D019229:Dentition, Permanent; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology