title: Influence of induction chemotherapy and class of cytotoxics on pathologic response and survival after preoperative chemoradiation in patients with carcinoma of the esophagus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with localized esophageal cancer (LEC) have diverse outcomes (post-therapy pathologic response, disease-free survival [DFS], and overall survival [OS]) after preoperative chemoradiation (P-CTRT), dictated also by inherent molecular heterogeneity. Whether the type of therapy influences the outcomes remains largely unanswered. It is hypothesized that induction chemotherapy (IC) or the type of cytotoxics used would not influence patient outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective analysis, consecutive patients with LEC who had P-CTRT were analyzed. Data were collected regarding age, sex, baseline clinical stage, location, type of cytotoxics, post-therapy pathology, DFS, and OS. IC and the type of cytotoxics used were found to be correlated with DFS, OS, and post-therapy pathologic response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 180 patients with LEC (119 had IC before P-CTRT, all had received 5-fluorouracil, 87 had received a taxane, and 57 had received a platinol) were analyzed. The median survival (MS) of all patients was 57.7 months and the 3-year and 5-year OS rates were 65.4% and 46.5%, respectively. The type of therapy appeared to have no influence on the outcome: IC versus no IC (P = .58) or platinol versus taxane versus platinol plus taxane (P = .63). Similarly, the type of pathologic response was not found to be influenced by IC (P = .18) or the type of cytotoxics used (P = .42). The data were similar for DFS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IC or the type of cytotoxics used with radiation for patients with LEC does not appear to influence OS, DFS, or the type of pathologic response after therapy, suggesting that a plateau has been reached. It remains to be seen whether the use of biochemoradiotherapy can provide an advantage in outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Heta
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Javeri
authors.forename: Rohan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: Arlene M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: Wayne L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hofstetter
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Zhongxing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Mary F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: McAleer
authors.forename: Dipen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maru
authors.forename: Manoop S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Bhutani
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Swisher
authors.forename: Julie G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Izzo
authors.forename: Jaffer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ajani
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil