title: Influence of synthetic surfactants on the uptake of Pd, Cd and Pb by the marine macroalga, Ulva lactuca.
abstract: Uptake of Pd, Cd and Pb by the marine macroalga, Ulva lactuca, has been studied in the presence of an anionic (sodium dodecyl sulphate, SDS), cationic (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide; HDTMA) and non-ionic (Triton X-100; TX) surfactant. Compared with the surfactant-free system, metal sorption was reduced in the presence of SDS or TX. Neither surfactant, however, had any measurable impact on cell membrane permeability, determined by leakage of dissolved free amino acids (DFAA), or on metal internalisation. We attribute these observations to the stabilisation of aqueous Cd and Pb by SDS and the shielding of otherwise amenable sorption sites by TX. Presence of HDTMA resulted in a reduction in the extent of both sorption and internalisation of all metals and a significant increase in the leakage of DFAA. Thus, by enhancing membrane permeability, HDTMA exerts the greatest influence on metal behaviour in the presence of U. lactuca.
authors.affiliation: School of Earth, Ocean and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL48AA, UK.
authors.forename: Kanaji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masakorala
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Murray T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000077286:Cetrimonium; D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007854:Lead / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017830:Octoxynol / Q000494:pharmacology; D010165:Palladium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000378:metabolism*; D044445:Ulva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002593:Cetrimonium Compounds; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014131:Trace Elements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D010165:Palladium; D017830:Octoxynol; D000077286:Cetrimonium