title: Prevalence of hepatitis D virus infection in hepatitis B surface antigen-positive subjects in Golestan province, northeast Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a defective RNA virus dependent on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection for its replication and expression. It is known that coexistent infection with HDV tends to aggravate the course of HBV-associated liver disease. This study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of HDV among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive individuals in the northeast part of Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  139 HBsAg-positive subjects detected from a population-based single stage cluster sampling in Golestan province of Iran were enrolled. All cases were evaluated for the presence of anti-HDV antibodies using commercially available enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay kits. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between independent variables and HDV seropositivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 139 cases, 68 were males (48.9%) and 71 were females (51.1%). The mean age was 41.9 +/- 11.3 years (range, 25-64 years). Anti-HDV antibody was positive in 8 subjects (5.8%), with a female predominance (9.9% vs 1.5%, p=0.06; odds ratio, 7.32; 95% confidence interval, 0.87-61.23). No significant relationship was seen between anti-HDV seropositivity and demographic factors such as age, place of residence and marital status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings show that HDV infection is endemic in Golestan province (northeast) of Iran. Seroprevalence of anti-HDV in the present study was higher than in some previous studies from other parts of Iran. Our results suggest that the prevalence of HBV/HDV coinfection in Golestan province of Iran has increased during the last decade. Therefore, practitioners and health care managers should be made aware of the risk of dual infection with HBV and HDV.
authors.affiliation: Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran. roshandel_md@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roshandel
authors.forename: Shahryar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Semnani
authors.forename: Nafiseh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdolahi
authors.forename: Sima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Besharat
authors.forename: Abbas Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Keshtkar
authors.forename: Hamidreza
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Joshaqani
authors.forename: Abdolvahab
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moradi
authors.forename: Khodaberdi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalavi
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jabbari
authors.forename: Mohammad Javad
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kabir
authors.forename: Seyed Ahmad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.forename: Seyed Mehdi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sedaqat
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Danesh
authors.forename: Danyal
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roshandel
authors.forename: Seyed Mohammad
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hedayat-Mofidi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D003699:Hepatitis D / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens