title: Intraocular pressure elevation after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection in a Chinese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence and risk factors of intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation and refractory IOP elevation after a single 4 mg intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) injection in a Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, observational case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review of all the patients who received an IVTA injection at one medical center from January 2003 through June 2005. A postoperative IOP increase of more than 6 mm Hg was defined as an IOP elevation. Postoperative IOP elevation that could not be controlled by glaucoma medications was defined as refractory IOP elevation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-four (43.5%) of the 147 enrolled patients experienced IOP elevation. Males had a higher risk of IOP elevation, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.17 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38 to 7.27; P = .006), after adjusting for age, glaucoma history, and diagnosis of retinal disease. Patients 55 years of age and younger had a larger magnitude of IOP elevation than those older than 55 years (11.2 +/- 10.1 mm Hg vs 7.3 +/- 7.7 mm Hg; P = .020). Ten patients (6.8%) had refractory IOP elevation, and those 55 years of age or younger had a higher risk of refractory IOP elevation compared with those older than 55 years, with an OR of 8.16 (95% CI, 1.67 to 39.81; P = .009), after adjusting for preoperative IOP and diagnosis of retinal disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated IOP after IVTA injection is common in this Chinese population. Male patients have a higher risk of IOP elevation. Younger patients should be monitored carefully after IVTA injection because they exhibit a greater magnitude of IOP elevation and have an increased chance of developing refractory IOP elevation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ling-Ing
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Kuan-Chieh
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fenq-Lih
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shih-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Chieh
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Catherine Jui-Ling
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000208:ethnology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide