title: Gemcitabine based combination chemotherapy in advanced pancreatic cancer-indirect comparison.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent meta-analyses have found a survival advantage with gemcitabine based combinations over single agent gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. There is paucity of evidence in the form of direct head-to-head randomised controlled trials to determine which combinations are to be preferred.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the adjusted indirect comparison method proposed by Bucher et al, we have assessed randomised controlled trials of four gemcitabine based combinations namely gemcitabine plus a platinum compound or 5-fluorouracil or irinotecan or capecitabine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No particular combination was significantly superior to another, but the indirect evidence suggests some important trends.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The strongest trends on indirect comparison are towards favouring gemcitabine plus capecitabine or gemcitabine plus a platinum compound over gemcitabine plus irinotecan, and to a lesser degree, over gemcitabine plus 5-fluorouracil.
authors.affiliation: CRUK Liverpool Cancer Trials Unit, Cancer Research Centre, 200 London Road, Liverpool L3 9TA, UK. asmasul@liv.ac.uk
authors.forename: Asma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghaneh
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: Naureen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Starling
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Neoptolemos
authors.forename: Catrin Tudur
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000069287:Capecitabine; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D010984:Platinum / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D010984:Platinum; D000069287:Capecitabine; D000077146:Irinotecan; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin; D000093542:Gemcitabine