title: Comparative study on the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of wild bird isolates of avian paramyxovirus 2, 4, and 6 in chickens.
abstract: Based on the haemagglutination inhibition assay, nine antigenically distinct serotypes of avian paramyxoviruses (APMV) are described. Isolates from APMV 2, 3, 6 and 7 can cause respiratory symptoms and/or problems of the reproductive tract that may produce complications if secondary infections occur, while isolates from APMV 4, 5, 8 and 9 rarely produce clinical signs in species from which they are isolated. Isolates belonging to the APMV 1 subtype induce a wide range of disease symptoms varying from mild symptoms to a disease with devastating consequences as caused by velogenic Newcastle disease virus. In this report, one isolate each of APMV 2, 4, and 6 were isolated from wild birds and subsequently characterized in specific pathogen free chickens. All three isolates caused no clinical symptoms but showed microscopic lesions in the trachea, lungs, gut, and pancreas characteristic for a viral infection. Interestingly, only APMV 2 induced haemagglutination inhibition antibodies, while haemagglutination inhibition antibodies of chickens infected with APMV 4 and 6 were not detected. The replication of the virus in the birds was confirmed by isolation of the virus in embryonated eggs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
authors.forename: Ashwini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Warke
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stallknecht
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Nikki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.forename: Egbert
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mundt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000821:virology; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology; D010179:Pancreas / Q000821:virology; D010252:Paramyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014132:Trachea / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication