Intrathecal analgesia for refractory cancer pain.
The use of intrathecal analgesics is an important treatment consideration for many patients with chronic cancer pain. This review describes the various opioid and nonopioid analgesics that have been used in this setting, including morphine, hydromorphone, fentanyl, meperidine, methadone, sufentanil, local anesthetics, clonidine, ketamine, baclofen, midazolam, betamethasone, and octreotide. We discuss available evidence for their analgesic and adverse effects.
Newsome
Scott
S
Albany Medical College; Comprehensive Pain Program, The Neurosciences Institute, Albany Medical Center, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-70, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Frawley
Bridget K
BK
Argoff
Charles E
CE
D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010148:Intractable Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
D000700:Analgesics