title: Gray matter deficits in young adults with narcolepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate gray matter volume changes in narcolepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  An optimized voxel-based morphometry was conducted for 17 young adults with a sole diagnosis of human leukocyte antigen DQB(1) 0602 positive narcolepsy with cataplexy (26.6 +/- 5.2 years old) and 17 comparison subjects (24.6 +/- 4.9 years old) using 3 Tesla scanner. Gray matter volumes in the bilateral hypothalamic voxel of interests (VOI) were also calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the comparison subjects, narcoleptic patients had gray matter volume decrease in the right hypothalamus and other regions including subcortical, prefrontal, limbic and occipital areas. Narcoleptic patients also had lower gray matter volume on predefined VOI at the bilateral hypothalamus, which correlated with the Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current findings suggest that narcoleptic patients have structural abnormalities in hypothalamus, which might be related to the clinical manifestation of narcolepsy with cataplexy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, South Korea.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Lyoo
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: D-U
authors.initials: DU
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000002:abnormalities; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D009290:Narcolepsy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010487:Periaqueductal Gray / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult