title: Prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors by weight status in a population-based sample of Quebec children and adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are few data on the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in population-based samples of overweight and obese youth.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the prevalence of individual and multiple cardiometabolic risk factors across body mass index (BMI) categories in a population-based sample of youth.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1999, a school-based survey of a provincially representative sample of youth nine, 13 and 16 years of age was conducted in Quebec (1778 boys, 1835 girls). Overweight was defined as BMI in the 85th percentile or higher and lower than the 95th percentile of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts, and obesity was defined as BMI in the 95th percentile or higher. Levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, glucose, C-reactive protein and systolic blood pressure were categorized as desirable, borderline or unfavourable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of overweight and obese participants were 14% and 10% in boys, and 14% and 7% in girls, respectively. With the exception of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in girls, and glucose in both sexes, the prevalence of all investigated risk factors (borderline or unfavourable) was significantly higher among overweight and obese participants. Almost one-third of obese participants had unfavourable levels of at least two of seven risk factors (apolipoprotein B, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, glucose, C-reactive protein and systolic blood pressure) compared with 3% of normal weight participants (adjusted OR 15 and 18 in boys and girls, respectively). Thirty-four per cent of obese youth did not have unfavourable levels of any risk factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is marked heterogeneity in the association between excess weight and cardiometabolic risk factors. Nonetheless, the present study highlights a high prevalence of multiple risk factors in a population-based sample of overweight and obese youth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada. marie.lambert@umontreal.ca
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: Edgard E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Delvin
authors.forename: Emile
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Loughlin
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.forename: Tracie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: McGrath
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D011792:Quebec / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007328:Insulin; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002097:C-Reactive Protein