title: Proliferation and foxp3 expression in virus-specific memory CD8+ T lymphocytes.
abstract: Foxp3 plays a critical role in development of CD4+ regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs). It was originally proposed as a specific marker for Tregs, but recent studies have shown that Foxp3 can be expressed in proliferating CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes. We further investigated the association between Foxp3 expression and proliferation of peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and focused on virus-specific memory CD8+ T lymphocytes. We found that resting peripheral blood bulk and cytomegalovirus- or HIV-1-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes do not normally express Foxp3. However, stimulation in vitro triggered these cells to express Foxp3 as well as CD25, and the addition of interleukin-2 possibly enhanced the expression of Foxp3. These data demonstrate that proliferation itself is sufficient to induce the Treg-like phenotype. Given that others have demonstrated Treg functional activity in such "induced Tregs," these results suggest that virus-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes have the capacity to acquire regulatory functions. Although the implications of Foxp3 expression in virus-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes in the immunologic control of persistent HIV-1 viremia remain to be determined, our results are consistent with Foxp3 expression playing an essential role in regulation of cell proliferation and functional outcomes for HIV-1-specific CD8+ T lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoji
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coro
authors.forename: Hwee L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Beth D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.forename: Otto O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit