title: Can compassion be taught? Let's ask our students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Medical educators act on the belief that students benefit from formal and informal educational experiences that foster virtues such as compassion, altruism, and respect for patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to examine fourth year medical students' perspectives on how, where, and by whom they believe the virtues associated with good physicianhood have been taught to them.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourth year students were assigned a two- to three-page essay that asked them to reflect on how their medical education had "fostered and hindered" their conceptions of compassion, altruism, and respect for patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 112 students completed this assignment, and 52 (46%) gave us permission to use their essays for this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  An inductive, qualitative approach was used to develop themes derived from students' essays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Students' thoughts were organized around the idea of influences in three areas to which they consistently referred. Foundational influences included parents and "formative years," religious faith, and other experiences preceding medical school. Preclinical education influences comprised formal classroom experiences (both positive and negative effects). Clinical education influences included role modeling (both positive and negative) and the clinical environment (notable for emphasis on efficiency and conflicting cues). Students' essays drew most heavily on the effects of role modeling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Medical students arrive at our doors as thoughtful, compassionate people. Positive role models and activities to promote critical self-reflection may help nurture these attitudes.
authors.affiliation: NEOUCOM, Rootstown, OH, USA. dw@neoucom.edu
authors.forename: Delese
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wear
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zarconi
mesh_terms: D000533:Altruism; D001290:Attitude; D003479:Curriculum; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate; D004645:Empathy; D006801:Humans; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*