title: Abnormal connectivity in the posterior cingulate and hippocampus in early Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brain imaging studies of early Alzheimer's disease (AD) have shown decreased metabolism predominantly in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), medial temporal lobe, and inferior parietal lobe. This study investigated functional connectivity between these regions, as well as connectivity between these regions and the whole brain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies were performed in subjects with early AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and normal controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data indicate both decreased fiber connections and disrupted connectivity between the hippocampus and PCC in early AD. The MCI group showed reduced fiber numbers derived from PCC and hippocampus to the whole brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fMRI and DTI results confirmed decreased connectivity from both the PCC and hippocampus to the whole brain in MCI and AD and reduction in connectivity between these two regions, which plausibly represents an early imaging biomarker for AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Yongxia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Dougherty
authors.forename: Karl F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Hubner
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Rex L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: R Kent
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Hutson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000473:pathology*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000473:pathology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000473:pathology*