title: Unilateral hypoplastic breast in a male-to-female transsexual with Poland syndrome after gender reassignment--reconstructive considerations.
abstract: Gender reassignment procedures are performed more frequently nowadays due to a multidisciplinary approach and improved techniques and selection process. Many male-to-female patients require bilateral breast augmentation as part of the transformation following the gender reassignment if they fail to develop female breast features after hormonal treatment. We report on a very rare incidence of male-to-female gender reassignment in a patient with Poland syndrome. A male-to-female transsexual on hormonal therapy for gender reassignment developed one normal female-shaped breast whereas the other breast remained hypoplastic. As a male, he was not aware of his chest wall deformity but it became a major issue after successful gender reassignment surgery. Our experience with the specific reconstructive considerations and recommendations regarding our surgical approach to this complex reconstructive problem are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, City Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Majdak-Paredes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shafighi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fatah
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001828:Body Image; D001940:Breast / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D011045:Poland Syndrome / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D035441:Thoracic Wall / Q000601:surgery*; D014189:Transsexualism / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome