The metabolic headaches.
This review discusses headaches secondary to disorders of homeostasis, formerly known as "headaches associated with metabolic or systemic diseases." They include the headaches attributed to 1) hypoxia and/or hypercapnia (high altitude, diving, sleep apnea); 2) dialysis; 3) arterial hypertension; 4) hypothyroidism; 5) fasting; and 6) cardiac cephalalgia. For each headache type, we discuss the clinical features and diagnosis, as well as therapeutic strategies.
Bigal
Marcelo E
ME
Global Director for Scientific Affairs, Neuroscience, Merck Research Laboratories, One Merck Drive, PO Box 100, Whitehouse Station, NJ 08889, USA. marcelo_bigal@merck.com
Gladstone
Jonathan
J
D006261:Headache / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy