title: Ca2+ oscillation frequency regulates agonist-stimulated gene expression in vascular endothelial cells.
abstract: A physiological membrane-receptor agonist typically stimulates oscillations, of varying frequencies, in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Whether and how [Ca2+]i oscillation frequency regulates agonist-stimulated downstream events, such as gene expression, in non-excitable cells remain unknown. By precisely manipulating [Ca2+]i oscillation frequency in histamine-stimulated vascular endothelial cells (ECs), we demonstrate that the gene expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) critically depends on [Ca2+]i oscillation frequency in the presence, as well as the absence, of histamine stimulation. However, histamine stimulation enhanced the efficiency of [Ca2+]i-oscillation-frequency-regulated VCAM1 gene expression, versus [Ca2+]i oscillations alone in the absence of histamine stimulation. Furthermore, a [Ca2+]i oscillation frequency previously observed to be the mean frequency in histamine-stimulated ECs was found to optimize VCAM1 mRNA expression. All the above effects were abolished or attenuated by blocking histamine-stimulated generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), another intracellular signaling pathway, and were restored by supplementary application of a low level of H2O2. Endogenous NF-kappaB activity is similarly regulated by [Ca2+]i oscillation frequency, as well as its co-operation with ROS during histamine stimulation. This study shows that [Ca2+]i oscillation frequency cooperates with ROS to efficiently regulate agonist-stimulated gene expression, and provides a novel and general strategy for studying [Ca2+]i signal kinetics in agonist-stimulated downstream events.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases of Ministry of Health of China. qinghuaa@mails.tjmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yougen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Taoxiang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Fengrong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D020013:Calcium Signaling; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D006632:Histamine