title: 999 abuse: do mothers know what they are using?
abstract: Many parents purchase topical applications without knowing what they contain, and apply them liberally to their children with dermatological disorders. In one such case, an infant developed fever, diarrhea and a small ulcer near the right labia majora which was treated with a topical cream called '999' containing dexamethasone acetate. The infant subsequently developed extensive necrotizing fasciitis. She required prolonged intravenous antibiotic use and underwent multiple surgical procedures for debridement and reconstruction. Another mother was concerned about therapeutic corticosteroids prescribed to her 11-year old daughter with eczema. She acquired the 999 cream from the Chinese mainland and applied it liberally as an emollient to her daughter's back. When assessed at the clinic, her daughter appeared cushingoid with accelerated growth velocity in BMI and weight but decelerated growth in height. Furthermore, one mother applied a large quantity of 999 on her daughter with mild eczema and another mother applied it on her son with impetigo. None of these mothers knew that they were using potent topical corticosteroids. This report serves to alert the public to avoid applying unknown topical medication on children with skin diseases. The physician caring for patients with skin disease should be aware that even steroidophobic parents might indeed be unknowingly using potent corticosteroids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong. ehon@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: Kam-Lun Ellis
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Hon
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burd
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010290:Parents; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D003907:Dexamethasone; C018038:dexamethasone acetate