title: A combination therapy of whole lung lavage and GM-CSF inhalation in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
abstract: Systemic and inhalation therapy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is usually effective in controlling autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), but some cases are refractory to GM-CSF therapy and subjected to whole lung lavage (WLL). A 9-year-old girl developed severe respiratory failure due to autoimmune PAP was treated with inhalational 250 microg of GM-CSF daily, however, it was ineffective. Unilateral WLL was performed three times and subsequent GM-CSF inhalation therapy yielded marked physiological and radiological improvement and was continued for 1 year.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Etsuro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Hiroatsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Agata
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kandatsu
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Seiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Tomonari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Awaya
authors.forename: Ryuta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishikomori
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsurusawa
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakata
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D011649:Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor