title: Reactivity of retinal blood flow to 100% oxygen breathing after lipopolysaccharide administration in healthy subjects.
abstract: Administration of low doses of Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS) to humans enables the study of inflammatory mechanisms. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the retinal vascular reactivity after LPS infusion. In a randomized placebo-controlled cross-over study, 18 healthy male volunteers received 20 IU/kg LPS or placebo as an intravenous bolus infusion. Outcome parameters were measured at baseline and 4h after LPS/placebo administration. At baseline and at 4h after administration a short period of 100% oxygen inhalation was used to assess retinal vasoreactivity to this stimulus. Perimacular white blood cell velocity, density and flux were assessed with the blue-field entoptic technique, retinal branch arterial and venous diameters were measured with a retinal vessel analyzer and red blood cell velocity in retinal branch veins was measured with laser Doppler velocimetry. LPS is associated with peripheral blood leukocytosis and increased white blood cell density in ocular microvessels (p<0.001). In addition, retinal arterial (p=0.02) and venous (p<0.01) diameters were increased. All retinal hemodynamic parameters showed a decrease during 100% oxygen breathing. This decrease was significantly blunted by LPS for all retinal outcome parameters except venous diameter (p=0.04 for white blood cell velocity, p=0.0002 for white blood cell density, p<0.0001 for white blood cell flux, p=0.01 for arterial diameter, p=0.02 for red blood cell velocity and p=0.006 for red blood cell flux). These data indicate that LPS-induced inflammation induces vascular dysregulation in the retina. This may provide a link between inflammation and vascular dysregulation. Further studies are warranted to investigate whether this model may be suitable to study inflammation induced vascular dysregulation in the eye.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kolodjaschna
authors.forename: Fatmire
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berisha
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lasta
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Polska
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fuchsjäger-Mayrl
authors.forename: Leopold
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schmetterer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry / Q000379:methods; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008833:Microcirculation; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010100:Oxygen