title: Effect of calcium ionophore A23187 on prostaglandin synthase type 2 and 15-hydroxy-prostaglandin dehydrogenase expression in human chorion trophoblast cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostaglandins induce parturition in humans. Prostaglandin output is regulated by the synthetic and metabolic enzymes, prostaglandin synthase type 2 (PTGS2) and 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH). The role of calcium in regulating PTGS2 and PGDH expression was investigated in chorion trophoblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cells were treated with calcium ionophore A23187 in the presence or absence of calcium chelators; changes in messenger ribonucleic acid expression were measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction and analyzed with analysis of variance. Protein expression was evaluated with Western blot and dual immunofluorescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A23187 stimulated PTGS2 and suppressed PGDH expression. Effects of A23187 were reversed by calcium chelators. PTGS2 had perinuclear and cytosolic distribution, whereas PGDH was cytosolic. Some cells expressed both enzymes, some neither enzyme, and some either PTGS2 or PGDH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chorion cells showed heterogeneity in the expression of PTGS2 and PGDH. Calcium influx regulates PTGS2 and PGDH expression, thereby promoting coordinated increased prostaglandin output in circumstances such as term and preterm labor.
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine, European Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Casciani
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Premyslova
authors.forename: Daochun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marinoni
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moscarini
authors.forename: Romolo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Iorio
authors.forename: John R G
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Challis
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002823:Chorion / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D006911:Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000032:analysis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D048348:Reverse Transcription / Q000502:physiology; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D007476:Ionophores; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000001:Calcimycin; D006911:Hydroxyprostaglandin Dehydrogenases; C038661:15-hydroxyprostaglandin-D dehydrogenase (NADP+); D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D002118:Calcium