title: Aberrant promoter hypermethylation in serum DNA from patients with silicosis.
abstract: It is well established that patients with silicosis are at high risk for lung cancer; however, it is difficult to detect lung cancer by chest radiography during follow-up treatment of patients with silicosis because of preexisting diffuse pulmonary shadows. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of detection of serum DNA methylation for early detection of lung cancer in silicosis. Serum samples from healthy controls (n = 20) and silicosis patients with (n = 11) and without (n = 67) lung cancer were tested for aberrant hypermethylation at the promoters of the DNA repair gene O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), p16(INK4a), ras association domain family 1A (RASSF1A), the apoptosis-related gene death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) and retinoic acid receptor beta (RARbeta) by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. Aberrant promoter methylation in at least one of five tumor suppressor genes was detected more frequently in the serum DNA of silicosis patients with lung cancer than in that of patients without it (P = 0.006). Furthermore, the odds ratio of having lung cancer was 9.77 (P = 0.009) for those silicosis patients with methylation of at least one gene. Extended exposure to silica (>30 years) was correlated with an increased methylation frequency (P = 0.017); however, methylation status did not correlate with age, smoking history or radiographic findings of silicosis. These results suggest that testing for aberrant promoter methylation of tumor suppressor genes using serum DNA may facilitate early detection of lung cancer in patients with silicosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Oncology and Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 7008558, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hiraki
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gemba
authors.forename: Nagio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takigawa
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueoka
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kiura
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Mitsune
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D064550:Death-Associated Protein Kinases; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019853:O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D012829:Silicosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C411762:RASSF1 protein, human; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C082925:retinoic acid receptor beta; D019853:O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase; D064550:Death-Associated Protein Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases