title: Activation of endocannabinoid transmission induces antidepressant-like effects in rats.
abstract: Recent reports indicate that endocannabinoid (eCB) system may be involved in depression and in the antidepressant-like activity demonstrated in experimental models. The present study examined the effects of the eCB uptake inhibitor 4-hydroxyphenyl-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenamide (AM404; 0.1-3 mg/kg), the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor cyclohexylcarbamic acid 3-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester (URB597; 0.03-0.3 mg/kg), the cannabinoid CB(1) receptor agonist (-)-cis-3-[2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl) phenyl]-trans-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)-cyclohexanol (CP55,940; 0.03-0.3 mg/kg) and the CB(1) receptor antagonist rimonabant (0.3-3 mg/kg) on immobility time in the forced swim test (FST) in rats. Moreover, the effects of AM404, CP55,940 and URB597 on the antidepressant-like activity of imipramine and citalopram in the FST were also examined. We found that AM404 (0.3-3 mg/kg), CP55,940 (0.1 mg/kg) and URB597 (0.1-0.3 mg/kg) reduced the immobility time of rats, while rimonabant (0.3-3 mg/kg) was inactive in this respect. We also observed that the anti-immobility effects of AM404 (1 mg/kg), CP55,940 (0.1 mg/kg) and URB597 (0.3 mg/kg), but not of imipramine (30 mg/kg), were blocked by rimonabant (3 mg/kg). In another set of experiments we showed that the inactive dose of AM404 (0.1 mg/kg) potentiated the effects of the inactive doses of imipramine (15 mg/kg) or citalopram (30 mg/kg), while CP55,940 (0.03 mg/kg) and URB597 (0.03 mg/kg) enhanced the effect of imipramine only. None of the drugs studied, given alone or in combination, increased the basal locomotor activity of rats. Our results indicate that activation of the eCB system induces antidepressant-like effects in the FST in rats, and that these effects are mediated by CB(1) receptors. Moreover, they also indicate that agents activating eCB transmission enhance the anti-immobility responses to antidepressant drugs.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Adamczyk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gołda
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: McCreary
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filip
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Przegaliński
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D002219:Carbamates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D007103:Immobilization / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D001549:Benzamides; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; D002219:Carbamates; D063388:Endocannabinoids; C500528:cyclohexyl carbamic acid 3'-carbamoylbiphenyl-3-yl ester; C107594:N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)arachidonylamide