title: Electrophysiological responses from neurons of antennal taste sensilla in the polyphagous predatory ground beetle Pterostichus oblongopunctatus (Fabricius 1787) to plant sugars and amino acids.
abstract: The responses of antennal contact chemoreceptors, in the polyphagous predatory ground beetle Pterostichus oblongopunctatus, to twelve 1-1,000 mmol l(-1) plant sugars and seven 10-100 mmol l(-1) amino acids were tested. The disaccharides with an alpha-1.4-glycoside linkage, sucrose and maltose, were the two most stimulatory sugars for the sugar-sensitive neuron innervating these contact chemosensilla. The firing rates they evoked were concentration dependent and reached up to 70 impulses/s at 1,000 mmol l(-1). The stimulatory effect of glucose on this neuron was approximately two times lower. This can be partly explained by the fact that glucose exists in at least two anomeric forms, alpha and beta. These two forms interconvert over a timescale of hours in aqueous solution, to a final stable ratio of alpha:beta 36:64, in a process called mutarotation. So the physiologically active alpha-anomere forms only 36% of the glucose solution which was reflected in its relatively low dose/response curve. Due to the partial herbivory of P. oblongopunctatus these plant sugars are probably involved in its search for food, for example, for conifer seeds. Several carbohydrates, in addition to glucose, such as cellobiose, arabinose, xylose, mannose, rhamnose and galactose are known as components of cellulose and hemicelluloses. They are released by brown-rot fungi during enzymatic wood decay. None of them stimulated the antennal sugar-sensitive neuron. They are therefore not implicated in the search for hibernation sites, which include rotting wood, by this beetle. The weak stimulating effect (below 3 impulses/s) of some 100 mmol l(-1) amino acids (methionine, serine, alanine, glutamine) to the 4th chemosensory neuron of these sensilla was characterized as non-specific, or modulating the responses of non-target chemosensory neurons.
authors.affiliation: Estonian University of Life Sciences, 1 Kreutzwaldi Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia. Enno.Merivee@emu.ee
authors.forename: Enno
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Merivee
authors.forename: Helina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Märtmann
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Must
authors.forename: Marit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milius
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Marika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mänd
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids; D000818:Animals; D002241:Carbohydrates; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000502:physiology*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D028321:Plant Preparations; D012679:Sense Organs / Q000502:physiology; D013649:Taste
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D002241:Carbohydrates; D028321:Plant Preparations