title: Treatment of 46 cats with porcine lente insulin--a prospective, multicentre study.
abstract: This prospective, multicentre, non-blinded, open study followed 46 cats with diabetes mellitus during treatment with porcine lente insulin (also known as porcine insulin zinc suspension, Caninsulin, Intervet) for 16+/-1 weeks (stabilization phase), with additional monitoring of some cats (n=23) for a variable period. At least three of the following were present at initial presentation: appropriate history of clinical signs consistent with diabetes mellitus, glucosuria, blood glucose greater than 15 mmol/l and fructosamine greater than 380 micromol/l. Insulin treatment was started at a dose rate of 0.25-0.5 IU/kg body weight twice daily, with a maximum starting dose of 2 IU/injection. Twenty-eight of the cats were classed as reaching clinical stability during the study, in 23 of these cats this was during the stabilization phase. Seven cats went into remission during the stabilization phase and one of the cats in week 56. Clinical signs of hypoglycaemia, significantly associated with a dose of 3 units or 0.5 IU/kg or more per cat (twice daily), were observed in nine of the 46 cats during the stabilization phase and concomitant biochemical hypoglycaemia was recorded in most cases. Biochemical hypoglycaemia, recorded in 6% of the blood glucose curves performed during the stabilization phase, was significantly associated with a dose rate of 0.75 IU/kg or more twice daily. This further highlights the need for cautious stepwise changes in insulin dose. The protocol used in the present study is suitable for and easy to use in practice. This study confirmed the efficacy and safety of porcine lente insulin (Caninsulin) in diabetic cats under field conditions.
authors.affiliation: Pathologie Médicale des Petits Animaux, Boulevard de Colonster 20, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michiels
authors.forename: Claudia E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Reusch
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boari
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Petrie
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mandigers
authors.forename: Isabelle G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Thollot
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: Carmel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mooney
authors.forename: Ugo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bonfanti
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Font
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sparkes
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bewig
authors.forename: Cecile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clercx
authors.forename: Asger L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Linda J I
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Horspool
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D012449:Safety; D013552:Swine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting