title: Acitretin induces apoptosis through CD95 signalling pathway in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-1.
abstract: Skin cancers are by far the most common human malignancies. Retinoids have shown promising preventive and therapeutic effects against a variety of human malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the apoptosis-inducing effect of acitretin on human skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) SCL-1 cells. We found that acitretin preferentially inhibited the growth of SCL-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but not of non-malignant keratinocyte HaCaT cells. This inhibition appeared to be due to induction of apoptosis as revealed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. AnnexinV/propidium iodide assay and morphological observation confirmed the pro-apoptotic effect of acitretin on SCL-1 cells. We further demonstrated that apoptosis was induced within 1-2 days and involved activation of caspases-8, -9, -3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Caspase-8 inhibitor effectively suppressed acitretin-induced apoptosis whereas caspase-9 inhibitor did not. Acitretin increased the levels of CD95 (Fas), CD95-ligand and Fas-associated death domain. Neutralizing ZB4 anti-Fas antibody significantly inhibited the apoptosis in SCL-1 cells induced by acitretin. These results suggest that acitretin is able to induce apoptosis in skin cancer cells possibly via death receptor CD95 apoptosis pathway without affecting the viability of normal keratinocyte.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital of China Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Health (China Medical University), Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-Ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chun-Di
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ya-Kun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kai-Bo
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Hua-Chen
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Hong-Duo
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D017255:Acitretin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053200:Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C505533:FADD protein, human; C491901:FAS protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D053200:Fas-Associated Death Domain Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019014:fas Receptor; D020169:Caspases; D017255:Acitretin