title: Differential immunogenicity of vaccinia and HIV-1 components of a human recombinant vaccine in mucosal and blood compartments.
abstract: Mucosal immune responses induced by HIV-1 vaccines are likely critical for prevention. We report a Phase 1 safety and immunogenicity trial in eight participants using the vaccinia-based TBC-3B vaccine given subcutaneously to determine the relationship between HIV-1 specific systemic and gastrointestinal mucosal responses. Across all subjects, detectable levels of blood vaccinia- and HIV-1-specific antibodies were elicited but none were seen mucosally. While the vaccinia component was immunogenic for CD8(+) T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in both blood and mucosa, it was greater in blood. The HIV-1 component of the vaccine was poorly immunogenic in both blood and mucosa. Although only eight volunteers were studied intensively, the discordance between mucosal and blood responses may highlight mechanisms contributing to recent vaccine failures.
authors.affiliation: Center for Prevention Research and the UCLA AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, USA. panton@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Anton
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ibarrondo
authors.forename: W John
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Boscardin
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Elissa J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Hwee L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hausner
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: Patricia M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Hultin
authors.forename: Lance E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Hultin
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fuerst
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Johnson T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Otto O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Beth D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Jamieson
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D001769:Blood / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic