Achilles tendon problems: not just an orthopaedic issue.
OBJECTIVE
To review the current concepts on Achilles tendon involvement in various pathological conditions.


METHODS
A literature search was conducted to trace relevant literature on Achilles tendon problems in general pathologies.


RESULTS
The Achilles tendon can be involved in inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, genetically determined collagen abnormalities, infectious diseases, tumours, and neurological conditions which are not of a primary surgical nature.


CONCLUSIONS
Although Achilles tendon problems are classically considered frequent in active individuals from overuse or a single acute episode, problems in the Achilles tendon can be a consequence of several conditions.
Ames
Paul Richard Julian
PR
Immunoclot Ltd, Leeds, UK.
Longo
Umile Giuseppe
UG
Denaro
Vincenzo
V
Maffulli
Nicola
N
D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003240:Connective Tissue Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000503:physiopathology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000503:physiopathology