title: The anti-inflammatory effect of bradykinin preconditioning in coronary artery bypass grafting (bradykinin and preconditioning).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of exogenous administration of bradykinin (BK) in cardiac surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients who were scheduled for isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were randomized into Control group and BK group. BK patients received 25 microg bradykinin infusion for 7 minutes before the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Release of cardiac specific troponin I (TnI) and creatine kinase cardiac isoenzyme (CK-MB) was recorded. Perioperative circulating cytokine interleukin (IL)-6, 8 and 10 were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in TnI between groups. However, BK patients released significantly less CK-MB than the controls (p =0.043). Systemic plasma levels of IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 increased significantly after reperfusion in both groups as compared with baseline (p <0.05). The ratio of IL-8 to IL-10 was significantly lower in BK groups than in controls (p =0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that exogenous administration of BK prior to CPB in CABG patients attenuates ischemic myocardial injury. It also shifts the circulating inflammatory cytokine balance towards the anti-inflammatory direction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Minxin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuukasjärvi
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laurikka
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rinne
authors.forename: Eeva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moilanen
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarkka
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D007378:Interleukins; D019210:Troponin I; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D001920:Bradykinin