title: Mirtazapine, a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant, attenuates morphine dependence and withdrawal in Sprague-Dawley rats.
abstract: The effects of mirtazapine, a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant, on morphine withdrawal and morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) were investigated in rats. Our results showed that some morphine withdrawal signs, including teeth chattering, grooming, chewing, and escape attendance, were attenuated by single pretreatments with 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg mirtazapine. Wet-dog shakes, rearing, and grooming were inhibited by daily pretreatment with 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg mirtazapine. The expression of morphine-induced CPP was significantly blocked by mirtazapine (10 or 30 mg/kg, i.p.), while chronic treatment with mirtazapine (1 or 10 mg/kg, i.p. once, daily, for six consecutive days) significantly attenuated the acquisition of morphine CPP. Our results demonstrated that mirtazapine attenuates morphine withdrawal and morphine-induced CPP in rats and suggest that mirtazapine may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of opiate dependence.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. ruoyukang@163.com
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D008297:Male; D008803:Mianserin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D009020:Morphine / Q000009:adverse effects; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D008803:Mianserin; D009020:Morphine; D000078785:Mirtazapine