title: Analysis of near full-length genomic sequences of drug-resistant HIV-1 spreading among therapy-naïve individuals in Nagoya, Japan: amino acid mutations associated with viral replication activity.
abstract: We analyzed a total of 12 near full-length genomes of drug-resistant HIV-1 spreading among therapy-naïve individuals in Nagoya, Japan. Genomes comprised seven protease inhibitor (PI)-resistant viruses possessing an M46I (n = 6) or L90M mutation (n = 1) and five non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant viruses possessing a K103N mutation. All 12 viruses conserved both an H87Q mutation in the cyclophilin A-binding site of Gag p24 (capsid) and a T23N mutation in the cysteine-rich domain of Tat protein. PI-resistant viruses commonly possessed two cleavage site mutations in the p6(Pol)/protease of Pol polyprotein (F48L in p6(Pol)) and the anchor/core domains of Nef protein (L57V). These amino acid mutations represent candidates for enhancing replication activity of drug-resistant viruses and supporting expansion of such viruses in therapy-naïve individuals.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Tokai Area Central Hospital for AIDS Treatment and Research, Nagoya, Aichi 460-0001, Japan.
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibe
authors.forename: Urara
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Shigemi
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawaki
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujisaki
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yokomaku
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mamiya
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.forename: Tsuguhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneda
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000235:genetics*; D024921:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids