title: Effect of botulinum toxin-A in myofascial pain patients with or without functional disc displacement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of botulinum toxin-A in the treatment of patients who have myofascial pain with or without functional disc displacement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned to the study by using Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. All patients were informed about botulinum toxin-A, and were required to give informed consent. Before the injections, patients were asked to fill out a Biobehavioral Questionnaire to evaluate their pain and psychological status, and afterward, electromyography of the right and left masseter and anterior temporal muscles was recorded. Saline was injected into the masseter and anterior temporal muscles in the placebo group, and botulinum toxin-A was used in the study group. On days 14 and 28, patients were asked to fill out a Biobehavioral Questionnaire again, and electromyography of the right and left masseter and anterior temporal muscles was recorded again.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study group showed improvement in pain and psychological status. Although a decrease in the action potentials of the masseter muscles on day 14 was followed by an increase on day 28, the reduction of pain scores and improvement in psychological status continued on day 28.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The injection of botulinum toxin-A decreases the muscle action potential in 14 days. The patients also show improvement in pain and psychological status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kurtoglu
authors.forename: Osman Hayri
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Gur
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurkcu
authors.forename: Yasar
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sertdemir
authors.forename: Fusun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guler-Uysal
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uysal
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003863:Depression / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010919:Placebos; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000187:drug effects; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000187:drug effects*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D013706:Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D010919:Placebos; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A