title: Bedside glue blepharorrhaphy for recalcitrant exposure keratopathy in immobilized patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the practical use and the effectiveness of cyanoacrylate glue blepharorrhaphy in immobilized patients with recalcitrant exposure keratopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series. Temporal two thirds of upper eyelid eyelashes were glued to lower eyelid skin with tissue adhesive n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (histoacryl blue) after application of a contact lens. The systemic condition for immobilization; duration of exposure signs in the ocular surface; location, depth, and dimensions of the corneal ulcer; duration of effective blepharorrhaphy; and the time to heal were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve eyes of nine patients were treated. The reasons for immobilization were coma due to malignancy (3 patients), ischemic encephalopathy (2 patients), subarachnoid hemorrhage (2 patients), head trauma (1 patient), coma and hypotony of unknown cause (1 patient). All of the corneal ulcers healed within 4 to 11 days (mean: 5.5 days). Blepharorrhaphy opened spontaneously in 4 to 21 days (mean: 8.6 days).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bedside glue blepharorrhaphy with tissue adhesive n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate is a practical, economic, and effective procedure in the treatment of exposure keratopathy in immobilized patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey. drbarissonmez@gmail.com
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sonmez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozarslan
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Beden
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Erkan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005140:Eyelashes / Q000187:drug effects*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D004659:Enbucrilate