title: Detection of visual-field deterioration by Glaucoma Progression Analysis and Threshold Noiseless Trend programs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To compare the ability of Glaucoma Progression Analysis (GPA) and Threshold Noiseless Trend (TNT) programs to detect visual-field deterioration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with open-angle glaucoma followed for a minimum of 2 years and a minimum of seven reliable visual fields were included. Progression was assessed subjectively by four masked glaucoma experts, and compared with GPA and TNT results. Each case was judged to be stable, deteriorated or suspicious of deterioration
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 56 eyes of 42 patients were followed with a mean of 7.8 (SD 1.0) tests over an average of 5.5 (1.04) years. Interobserver agreement to detect progression was good (mean kappa = 0.57). Progression was detected in 10-19 eyes by the experts, in six by GPA and in 24 by TNT. Using the consensus expert opinion as the gold standard (four clinicians detected progression), the GPA sensitivity and specificity were 75% and 83%, respectively, while the TNT sensitivity and specificity was 100% and 77%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNT showed greater concordance with the experts than GPA in the detection of visual-field deterioration. GPA showed a high specificity but lower sensitivity, mainly detecting cases of high focality and pronounced mean defect slopes.
authors.affiliation: The Eye Clinic, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen AB25 2ZN, UK.
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Diaz-Aleman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anton
authors.forename: M Gonzalez
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: de la Rosa
authors.forename: Z K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azuara-Blanco
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003196:Computer Graphics; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields