title: Change in N-terminal-pro-B-type-natriuretic-peptide and the risk of sudden death, stroke, myocardial infarction, and all-cause mortality in diabetic dialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  N-terminal-pro-B-type-natriuretic-peptide (NT-pro-BNP) concentrations are altered in renal failure. This study examined the effect of baseline and change from baseline NT-pro-BNP on cardiovascular outcome and mortality in haemodialysis patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the basis of the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study, which evaluated atorvastatin in 1255 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) haemodialysis patients (median follow-up 4 years), the impact of NT-pro-BNP on pre-specified, adjudicated endpoints was investigated: sudden death (SD; n = 160), stroke (n = 99), myocardial infarction (MI; n = 200), cardiovascular events (CVEs: cardiac death, MI, stroke; n = 465), all-cause mortality (n = 612). Patients with baseline NT-pro-BNP ≥ 9252 pg/mL (fourth quartile) exhibited a more than four-fold risk of stroke [hazard ratio (HR) 4.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-8.4] and a more than two-fold risk of SD (HR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.3), CVE (HR 2.0; 95% CI 1.5-2.7), and mortality (HR 2.1; 95% CI 1.6-2.7) compared with patients with baseline NT-pro-BNP ≤ 1433 pg/mL (first quartile). Change in NT-pro-BNP was strongly associated with SD, CVE, and mortality. Doubling of NT-pro-BNP increased the risk of death by 46% (95% CI 1.1-2.0). Neither baseline nor change in NT-pro-BNP was significantly associated with MI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing NT-pro-BNP is a risk factor for SD, CVE, and mortality in haemodialysis patients with T2DM. Whether NT-pro-BNP-guided treatment improves outcome needs to be evaluated prospectively.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany. karl.winkler@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wanner
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drechsler
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lilienthal
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: März
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krane
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000401:mortality*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000401:mortality*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality*; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000401:mortality*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain