title: Effect of short-term lycopene supplementation and postprandial dyslipidemia on plasma antioxidants and biomarkers of endothelial health in young, healthy individuals.
abstract: The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the effect of a high-fat meal (HFm) on plasma lipid-soluble antioxidants and biomarkers of vascular oxidative stress and inflammation would be attenuated by short-term lycopene supplementation in young healthy subjects. Following restriction of lycopene-containing foods for 1-wk (LYr), blood was collected in a fasting state and 3 h after a HFm and a low-fat meal (LFm) in N = 18 men aged 23 +/- 2 years, and after a HFm only in N = 9 women aged 23 +/- 1 years. Blood was also sampled pre- and post-meals following 1-wk of 80 mg/day lycopene supplementation (LYs) under continued dietary LYr. In the fasting state, LYs compared with LYr not only evoked a >2-fold increase in plasma lycopene but also increased plasma beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol (p < 0.01), though LYs did not affect plasma nitrate/nitrite (biomarker of nitric oxide), malondialdehyde (biomarker of lipid oxidative stress), vascular- and intercellular-adhesion molecules or C-reactive protein (biomarkers of inflammation). Contrary to the hypothesis, the HFm-induced dyslipidemic state did not affect plasma malondialdehyde, C-reactive protein, or adhesion molecules in either LYr or LYs. Both the HFm and LFm were associated with decreases in the nitric oxide metabolites nitrate/nitrite and lipid-soluble antioxidants (p < 0.05). The data revealed that 1-wk of LYs increased plasma lycopene, beta-carotene, and alpha-tocopherol yet despite these marked changes to the plasma lipid-soluble antioxidant pool, biomarkers of vascular oxidative stress and inflammation were unaffected in the fasted state as well as during dyslipidemia induced by a HFm in young healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Denniss
authors.forename: Thomas D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Haffner
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kroetsch
authors.forename: Sara R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: James W E
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hughson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D019518:Postprandial Period
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D004041:Dietary Fats; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene