title: Application of probe electrospray to direct ambient analysis of biological samples.
abstract: Recently, we have developed probe electrospray ionization (PESI) that uses a solid needle. In this system, the probe needle moves up and down along the vertical axis by a motor-driven system. At the highest position of the probe needle, electrospray is generated by applying a high voltage. In this study, we applied PESI directly to biological samples such as urine, mouse brain, mouse liver, salmon egg, and fruits (orange, banana, etc.). Strong ion signals for almost all the samples were obtained. The amount of liquid sample picked up by the needle is as small as pL or less, making PESI a promising non-invasive technique for detecting biomolecules in living systems such as cells. Therefore, PESI may be useful as a versatile and ready-to-use semi-online analytical tool in the fields of medicine, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food science, etc.
authors.affiliation: Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi, Takeda- 4, Kofu 400-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Lee Chuin
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishidate
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Daiki
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Asakawa
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001695:Biology / Q000379:methods*; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002417:Cattle; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000737:chemistry; D004531:Eggs / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006096:Gramicidin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry; D012474:Salmon / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D006096:Gramicidin