title: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents are associated with reduced survival in patients with multiple myeloma.
abstract: The impact of erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) on cancer patients' survival has recently become a matter of extensive discussion. Studies in solid tumors demonstrated that ESA adversely affects survival. This issue has not been sufficiently studied in patients with multiple myeloma. In this study, which included 323 multiple myeloma patients followed in our Institution between 1988 and 2007, we demonstrated by using a proportional hazards model including multiple covariates (age, LDH, Hb, platelets, serum creatinine, ISS score, beta2 microglobulin, and ESA administration) that ESA administration is associated with reduced survival (hazards ratio: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.28-2.77). Anemia, which is considered a predictor for survival, platelets, serum creatinine, ISS score, and LDH, were not significant, whereas, age and beta2 microglobulin confirmed their predicting value in the multivariate analysis. With a median follow-up of 31 months (range 1-238), the median survival of patients in the ESA group was 31 months (95% CI: 25-37), whereas in the group without ESA administration it was 67 months (95% CI: 55-79) (P < 0.001). The median progression-free survival for patients in the ESA group was 14 months (95% CI: 12-16), and for the group without ESA it was 30 months (95% CI: 24-36) (P < 0.001). These results indicate that ESA may have a detrimental impact on MM patients' outcomes and, thus, in this context, they should be used with rigorous criteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Theagenion Cancer Center, Thessaloniki, Greece. ikatodritou@otenet.gr
authors.forename: Eirini
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katodritou
authors.forename: Evgenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verrou
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hadjiaggelidou
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gastari
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Laschos
authors.forename: Loukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kontovinis
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kapetanos
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Constantinou
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Terpos
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zervas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006397:Hematinics / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018579:Patient Selection; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006397:Hematinics; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin