New roles for TIM family members in immune regulation.
Members of the TIM (T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain) protein family are emerging as important regulators of immune responses. As their names imply, the TIM proteins were originally thought to be T-cell-specific molecules that served mainly to regulate T-helper-cell responses. However, the recent discovery that antigen-presenting cells also express TIM molecules and the identification of new TIM-protein ligands has expanded the known roles of the TIM proteins in immune regulation.
Kuchroo
Vijay K
VK
Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. vkuchroo@rics.bwh.harvard.edu
Dardalhon
Valerie
V
Xiao
Sheng
S
Anderson
Ana C
AC
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D000072597:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
C491143:HAVCR1 protein, human; C448908:HAVCR2 protein, human; C442240:Havcr1 protein, mouse; C442241:Havcr2 protein, mouse; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D000072597:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011991:Receptors, Virus; C500399:TIM-4 protein, mouse; C512411:TIMD4 protein, human