title: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope gp120 induces a stop signal and virological synapse formation in noninfected CD4+ T cells.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected T cells form a virological synapse with noninfected CD4(+) T cells in order to efficiently transfer HIV-1 virions from cell to cell. The virological synapse is a specialized cellular junction that is similar in some respects to the immunological synapse involved in T-cell activation and effector functions mediated by the T-cell antigen receptor. The immunological synapse stops T-cell migration to allow a sustained interaction between T-cells and antigen-presenting cells. Here, we have asked whether HIV-1 envelope gp120 presented on a surface to mimic an HIV-1-infected cell also delivers a stop signal and if this is sufficient to induce a virological synapse. We demonstrate that HIV-1 gp120-presenting surfaces arrested the migration of primary activated CD4 T cells that occurs spontaneously in the presence of ICAM-1 and induced the formation of a virological synapse, which was characterized by segregated supramolecular structures with a central cluster of envelope surrounded by a ring of ICAM-1. The virological synapse was formed transiently, with the initiation of migration within 30 min. Thus, HIV-1 gp120-presenting surfaces induce a transient stop signal and supramolecular segregation in noninfected CD4(+) T cells.
authors.affiliation: VA Medical Center, 423 E. 23rd St., Room 18-124 North, New York, NY 10010, USA.
authors.forename: Gaia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vasiliver-Shamis
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuen
authors.forename: Teresa W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Toby
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Starr
authors.forename: Thomas O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Gurvinder
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Visciano
authors.forename: Hualin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rajnish
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Rais
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Dong P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Dustin
authors.forename: Catarina E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hioe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007107:Immune System; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; C514793:gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1