Epithelial morphogenesis and intestinal cancer: new insights in signaling mechanisms.
In this review, the major signal transduction pathways that have been shown to play an important role in intestinal homeostasis are highlighted. Each of them, the Wnt, Notch, Hedgehog, and Bone Morphogenetic Protein, as well as growth-factor regulated Receptor Tyrosine Kinases are depicted with a special emphasis through their involvement in stem cell maintenance and their role in intestinal tumorigenesis. Finally, we discuss recent data on the final steps of tumor progression, notably the formation of distant metastases. This multistep process is highly complex and still far from being understood while being of major importance for the survival of patients with digestive cancer.
Fre
Silvia
S
UMR144 Curie/CNRS, Institut Curie, Paris, France.
Vignjevic
Danijela
D
Schoumacher
Marie
M
Duffy
Shannon L
SL
Janssen
Klaus-Peter
KP
Robine
Sylvie
S
Louvard
Daniel
D
D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase