title: Analysis of Maryland cancer patient participation in national cancer institute-supported cancer treatment clinical trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the relationship of sociodemographic factors, urban/rural residence, and county-level socioeconomic factors on accrual of Maryland patients with cancer to National Cancer Institute (NCI) -sponsored cancer treatment clinical trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were analyzed for the period 1999 to 2002 for 2,240 Maryland patients with cancer accrued onto NCI-sponsored treatment trials. The extent to which Maryland patients with cancer and patients residing in lower socioeconomic and/or rural areas were accrued to cancer trials and were representative of all patients with cancer in Maryland was determined. Data were obtained from several sources, including NCI's Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program for Maryland patients with cancer in Cooperative Group therapeutic trials, Maryland Cancer Registry data on cancer incidence, and United States Census and the Department of Agriculture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For Maryland patients with cancer accrued onto NCI-sponsored treatment trials between 1999 and 2002, subgroups accrued at a higher rate included pediatric and adolescent age groups, white patients, female patients (for sex-specific tumors), patients with private health insurance, and patients residing in the Maryland National Capitol region. Moreover, between 1999 and 2002, there was an estimated annual decline (8.9% per year; P < .05) in the percentage of black patients accrued onto cancer treatment trials. Logistic regression models uncovered different patterns of accrual for female patients and male patients on county-level socioeconomic factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results highlight disparities in the accrual of Maryland patients with cancer onto NCI-sponsored treatment trials based on patient age, race/ethnicity, geography of residence, and county-level socioeconomic factors. Findings provide the basis for development of innovative tailored and targeted educational efforts to improve trial accrual, particularly for the underserved.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore St, Suite 618, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. cbaquet@som.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Claudia R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Baquet
authors.forename: Gary L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Ellison
authors.forename: Shiraz I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Mishra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006078:Government Programs / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008396:Maryland; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D054547:National Cancer Institute (U.S.) / Q000191:economics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018579:Patient Selection; D011336:Probability; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States