title: Outflow boundary conditions for arterial networks with multiple outlets.
abstract: Simulation of blood flow in three-dimensional geometrically complex arterial networks involves many inlets and outlets and requires large-scale parallel computing. It should be based on physiologically correct boundary conditions, which are accurate, robust, and simple to implement in the parallel framework. While a secondary closure problem can be solved to provide approximate outflow conditions, it is preferable, when possible, to impose the clinically measured flow rates. We have developed a new method to incorporate such measurements at multiple outlets, based on a time-dependent resistance boundary condition for the pressure in conjunction with a Neumann boundary condition for the velocity. Convergence of the numerical solution for the specified outlet flow rates is achieved very fast at a computational complexity comparable to the widely used Resistance or Windkessel boundary conditions. The method is verified using a patient-specific cranial vascular network involving 20 arteries and 10 outlets.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. lgrinb@dam.brown.edu
authors.forename: Leopold
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grinberg
authors.forename: George Em
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Karniadakis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular