The adult human brain in preclinical drug development.
Neurodegenerative disorders are caused by the death and dysfunction of brain cells, but despite a huge worldwide effort, no neuroprotective treatments that slow cell death currently exist. The failure of translation from animal models to humans in the clinic is due to many factors including species differences, human brain complexity, age, patient variability and disease-specific phenotypes. Additional methods are therefore required to overcome these obstacles in neuroprotective drug development. Incorporating target validation using human brain-tissue microarray screening and direct human brain-cell testing at an early preclinical stage to isolate molecules that protect the human brain may be an effective strategy.
Dragunow
Mike
M
Department of Pharmacology and the National Research Centre for Growth and Development, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. m.dragunow@auckland.ac.nz
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015195:Drug Design; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends