title: [New antidotes in toxicology].
abstract: New antidotes appeared in the French pharmacopoeia (fomepizole, Viperfav), and old drugs, usually unused in toxicology, saw their indications enlarged in an antidotic activity (glucose and insulin, L-carnitine, octreotide). Fomepizole is an antidote for toxic alcohol and glycol intoxications, which is much easier to handle than ethylic alcohol and as efficient as the classical antidote of this kind of intoxication. Octreotide improves the result of hypertonic glucose infusion in sulfonylurea derivatives intoxications, by blocking insulin release. The glucose-insulin association allows the myocardium to use the main energy substrate necessary for its action in the setting of beta-blocking and calcium channel blocking agents intoxications when they are associated to a cardiogenic shock. Viperfav is a polyvalent antivenom used in European adders envenomations, which showed its effectiveness and safety. Levocarnitine allows to correct the wrong metabolic pathway induced by a deficit in carnitine in valproïc acid intoxications.
authors.affiliation: Unité de surveillance continue polyvalente, clinique mutualiste, 33600 Pessac. regis.bedry@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: Régis
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bédry
mesh_terms: D000931:Antidotes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes