title: Sexually transmitted infection among adolescents receiving special education services.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To estimate the relative risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among children identified as having learning disabilities through the special education system.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study used special education data and Medicaid data from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for calendar year 2002. The sample comprised 51,234 Medicaid-eligible children, aged 12-17 years, 8015 of whom were receiving special education services. Claims associated with diagnoses of STIs were abstracted, and logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of STI among children in different special education categories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 3% of males and 5% of females who were treated for an STI through the Medicaid system in 2002. Among females, those in the mental retardation (MR) category were at greatest risk (6.9%) and those in the emotionally disturbed or "no special education" category at lowest risk (4.9% each). Among males, STIs were most prevalent among those classified as mentally gifted (6.7%) and lowest among those in the MR category (3.0%). In adjusted analyses, males with specific learning disabilities and females with MR or who were academically gifted were at excess risk for STIs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding that children with learning disabilities are at similar or greater risk for contracting STIs as other youth suggests the need to further understand their risk behaviors and the potential need to develop prevention programs specific to their learning needs.
authors.affiliation: Center for Mental Health Policy and Services Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3535 Market St, 3rd Floor, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. mandelld@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Mandell
authors.forename: Catharine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Eleey
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cederbaum
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Noll
authors.forename: M Katherine
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
authors.forename: Loretta S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Jemmott
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Blank
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002672:Child, Gifted; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019988:Children with Disabilities; D004519:Education, Special; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015143:Philadelphia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*