title: Preoperative neo-adjuvant therapy for curable rectal cancer--reaching a consensus 2008.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to determine the range of neo-adjuvant therapy the multidisciplinary team (MDT) currently offers patients with curable (M(0)) rectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A senior oncologist from each of the four oncology centres in north Wales and the north-west of England (approximate target population 8 million - Glan Clwyd, Clatterbridge, Christie and Preston) reviewed his/her understanding of the current evidence of neo-adjuvant therapy in rectal cancer. Then a representative from each centre was asked to identify which of three neo-adjuvant options (no neo-adjuvant therapy, short-course radiotherapy 25 Gy over five fractions and long-course chemoradiotherapy) he/she would use for a rectal cancer in the upper, middle or lower third of the rectum staged by magnetic resonance imaging as being T(2)-T(4) and/or N(0)-N(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all cases of locally advanced rectal cancer (T(3a) N(1)-T(4)), oncologists from the four oncology centres recommended long-course chemoradiotherapy before rectal resection. This consensus was maintained for cases of lower third T(3a) N(0) cancers. Thereafter, the majority of patients with rectal cancer are offered adjuvant short-course radiotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neo-adjuvant therapy is less likely to be offered if the tumour is early (T(2), N(0)) and/or situated in the upper third of the rectum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Lancashire Teaching Hospital Trust, Preston, UK. nigel.scott@lthtr.nhs.uk
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Susnerwala
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gollins
authors.forename: A Sun
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Myint
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003082:Colectomy / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom