title: Marginal adaptation and microleakage of five root-end filling materials: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endodontic surgery consists of several procedures which involve the endodontic space or the root canal and is performed as an alternative to unsuccessful outcomes or complications following endodontic treatments. The aim of the study was to evaluate the sealing ability of five root-end filling materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty human single rooted teeth were treated endodontically; roots were resected at 3 mm from the apex, and root end cavities were prepared with ultrasonic tips. Root ends were filled with one of the following materials: silver amalgam (control group); mineral trioxide aggregate; white Portland cement; Vitremer; and Fuji Ortho. Apical sealing was evaluated by evaluating microleakage of 50% silver nitrate solution. The apical portion of the roots was sectioned to obtain 1-mm thick transversal slices, and epoxy resin replicas of these apical slices were produced. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used for analyses. The Kruskal-Wallis test and a multiple comparisons test were used for statistical data analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results showed microleakage and variable adaptation gaps on the interface between dentin and root-end filling material in all specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All the studied materials exhibited some degree of apical microleakage and marginal gaps. No correlation was found between data obtained from analyses of apical sealing and marginal adaptation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: J B B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerhardt-Oliveira
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C084550:Vitremer; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D012834:Silver; D003723:Dental Amalgam