Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope gp120 induces a stop signal and virological synapse formation in noninfected CD4+ T cells.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected T cells form a virological synapse with noninfected CD4(+) T cells in order to efficiently transfer HIV-1 virions from cell to cell. The virological synapse is a specialized cellular junction that is similar in some respects to the immunological synapse involved in T-cell activation and effector functions mediated by the T-cell antigen receptor. The immunological synapse stops T-cell migration to allow a sustained interaction between T-cells and antigen-presenting cells. Here, we have asked whether HIV-1 envelope gp120 presented on a surface to mimic an HIV-1-infected cell also delivers a stop signal and if this is sufficient to induce a virological synapse. We demonstrate that HIV-1 gp120-presenting surfaces arrested the migration of primary activated CD4 T cells that occurs spontaneously in the presence of ICAM-1 and induced the formation of a virological synapse, which was characterized by segregated supramolecular structures with a central cluster of envelope surrounded by a ring of ICAM-1. The virological synapse was formed transiently, with the initiation of migration within 30 min. Thus, HIV-1 gp120-presenting surfaces induce a transient stop signal and supramolecular segregation in noninfected CD4(+) T cells.
Vasiliver-Shamis
Gaia
G
VA Medical Center, 423 E. 23rd St., Room 18-124 North, New York, NY 10010, USA.
Tuen
Michael
M
Wu
Teresa W
TW
Starr
Toby
T
Cameron
Thomas O
TO
Thomson
Russell
R
Kaur
Gurvinder
G
Liu
Jianping
J
Visciano
Maria Luisa
ML
Li
Hualin
H
Kumar
Rajnish
R
Ansari
Rais
R
Han
Dong P
DP
Cho
Michael W
MW
Dustin
Michael L
ML
Hioe
Catarina E
CE
D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007107:Immune System; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D015398:Signal Transduction
D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; C514793:gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1