title: The association between APOE genotype and memory dysfunction in subjects with mild cognitive impairment is related to age and Alzheimer pathology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Memory problems are a main feature of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and may be related to the apolipoprotein E (APOE) epsilon4 allele. We investigated whether the effect of the APOE genotype on memory in subjects with MCI was dependent on age and underlying Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with MCI (n = 180) were selected from a memory clinic setting. Subjects with at least one APOE epsilon4 allele (n = 83) were compared to non-carriers on several memory measures. Subjects were reassessed 5-10 years later in order to identify those who developed AD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the middle-aged subgroup, the APOE epsilon4 allele was most strongly related to decreased subjective organization and in the old subgroup to a decreased delayed recall. After excluding subjects with incipient AD (n = 33), results remained similar in the middle-aged subgroup, but in the old subgroup the APOE genotype was no longer associated with memory dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of the APOE epsilon4 allele is associated with impaired memory functioning in both middle-aged and old subjects with MCI, although the memory function affected varies with age. Its effect on memory function may be dependent on underlying AD pathology in elderly subjects, but not in middle-aged subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Institute of Brain and Behaviour, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: I H G B
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Ramakers
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aalten
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bekers
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sleegers
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: van Broeckhoven
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jolles
authors.forename: F R J
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Verhey
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4