title: Therapeutic potential of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg(3) against streptozotocin-induced diabetic renal damage in rats.
abstract: The inhibitors of advanced glycation endproduct and oxidative stress, as well as N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists have received considerable interest because of their close association with renoprotective effects. The therapeutic potential of 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg(3) (20(S)-Rg(3)), isolated from Panax ginseng, against streptozotocin-induced diabetic renal damage, was investigated in this study. The diabetic rats received 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg body weight/day of 20(S)-Rg(3) orally via gavage for fifteen consecutive days. The physiological abnormalities such as increases in water intake and urine volume of diabetic rats were significantly decreased by the 20 mg/kg body weight of 20(S)-Rg(3) administration. The elevated serum glucose, glycosylated protein, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance levels in diabetic rats were also significantly reduced by the 20(S)-Rg(3) administrations. Moreover, the renal dysfunction of diabetic rats was significantly ameliorated by the 20(S)-Rg(3) administrations in a dose-dependent manner. These beneficial effects on diabetic renal damage were related to the inhibitory effect of 20(S)-Rg(3) against NMDA receptor-mediated nitrosative stress.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Ki Sung
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamabe
authors.forename: Hyun Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong Hill
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokozawa
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004326:Drinking; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006031:Glycosylation; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013311:Streptozocin; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D036145:Ginsenosides; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C097367:ginsenoside Rg3; D013311:Streptozocin