title: Development of an enzyme membrane reactor for treatment of cyanide-containing wastewaters from the food industry.
abstract: Cyanidase, an immobilized enzyme preparation for hydrolyzing cyanide to ammonia and formate, was applied for the treatment of cyanide-containing waste waters from the food industry. Apricot seed extract was chosen as a model effluent. The enzymatic hydrolysis of pure amygdalin, the main cyanogenic glycoside in the extract, and the degradation of the cyanide formed was investigated and compared with the behavior of the real extract in a batch slurry reactor. A diffusional-type, flat-membrane reactor with immobilized cyanidase was developed, where the enzyme is effectively protected from adverse effects of high molecular components contained in the extract. For monitoring continuous-membrane reactor operation, a new unsegmented ammonia measurement system was developed and applied. In continuous operation the cyanidase retained its original activity for more than 400 hours on steam.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH-Z), Chemical Engineering Department (TCL), CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basheer
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Kut
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Prenosil
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bourne