title: Phase I study of flavopiridol in combination with Paclitaxel and Carboplatin in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of escalating doses of flavopiridol/ paclitaxel/carboplatin in patients with advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well as the pharmacokinetics and activity of flavopiridol when used in combination with paclitaxel/carboplatin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible patients aged 18-75 years with previously untreated stage IIIB/IV NSCLC received paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 over 3 hours followed by carboplatin area under the curve (AUC) 5 over 1 hour and flavopiridol 30-85 mg/m2 over 24 hours every 3 weeks for 3 cycles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients were enrolled at 4 sites in the United States and received flavopiridol 30 mg/m2 (n = 3), 50 mg/m2 (n = 6), 70 mg/m2 (n = 3), or 85 mg/m2 (n = 6). No dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) occurred at the 50-mg/m2 or 70-mg/m2 dose levels. Two patients treated at the 85-mg/m2 dose level experienced cardiovascular events that did not meet the criteria for DLT but were fatal in 1 case, prompting no further flavopiridol dose escalations and establishment of 70 mg/m2 as the maximum tolerated dose. The most frequently reported adverse events across all dose levels combined were nausea (89%), asthenia (67%), and diarrhea (56%). Flavopiridol concentrations increased rapidly, reached a plateau, and showed a multiphasic decline after the 24-hour infusion. Of 12 patients evaluable for efficacy, 8 achieved a partial response, and 4 had stable disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Flavopiridol in doses <or= 70 mg/m2 in a 24-hour infusion can safely be combined with a 3-hour infusion of paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and a 1-hour infusion of carboplatin AUC 5.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. georges2@ccf.org
authors.forename: Saby
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Basil S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Kasimis
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cogswell
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schwarzenberger
authors.forename: Geoffrey I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Panos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fidias
authors.forename: Ronald M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bukowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010880:Piperidines; C077990:alvocidib; D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel