title: Serum S-100beta response to exercise-heat strain before and after acclimation.
abstract: Exercise alone or in combination with environmental heat stress can elevate blood S-100beta protein concentrations. However, the explanatory power of exercise with marked environmental heat stress on the appearance of S-100beta is questionable. It is possible that the process of heat acclimation might afford additional insight.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Determine the S-100beta response to moderate-intensity exercise with heat strain before and after heat acclimation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine healthy male volunteers completed 10 consecutive days of heat acclimation consisting of up to 100 min of treadmill walking (1.56 m x s(-1), 4% grade) in the heat (45 degrees C, 20% relative humidity). Changes in HR, rectal temperature (T(re)), and sweat rate (SR) were examined to determine successful acclimation. Area under the curve (AUC) for T(re) greater than 38.5 degrees C was calculated to assess cumulative hyperthermia. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise on days 1 and 10 and were analyzed for serum osmolality and S-100beta concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects displayed physiological adaptations to heat acclimation including a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in final HR (161 to 145 bpm) and T(re) (39.0 to 38.4 degrees C), as well as a modest (approximately 10%) increase in SR (1.10 to 1.20 L x h(-1); P = 0.09). No differences were observed in pre- to postexercise serum S-100beta concentrations on day 1 or 10, and no differences were observed in S-100beta values between days 1 and 10. No significant correlations were found between S-100beta values and any variable of interest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S-100beta concentrations do not necessarily increase in response to exercise-heat strain, and no effect of heat acclimation on S-100beta could be observed despite other quantifiable physiological adaptations.
authors.affiliation: US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760-5007, USA. samuel.cheuvront@na.amedd.army.mil
authors.forename: Samuel N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Cheuvront
authors.forename: Troy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Chinevere
authors.forename: Brett R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Ely
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Kenefick
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: McClung
authors.forename: Michael N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Sawka
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation; D005080:Exercise Test; D005334:Fever; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins