title: Toxicity of water and sediment from stormwater retarding basins to Hydra hexactinella.
abstract: Hydra hexactinella was used to assess the toxicity of stormwater and sediment samples from three retarding basins in Melbourne, Australia, using an acute test, a sublethal test, and a pulse test. Stormwater from the Avoca St retarding basins resulted in a LC50 of 613 ml/L, NOEC and LOEC values of 50 ml/L and 100 ml/L, while the 7h pulse exposure caused a significant increase in the mean population growth rate compared to the control. Water samples from the two other retarding basins were found non-toxic to H. hexactinella. This is the first study to employ sediment tests with Hydra spp. on stormwater sediments and a lower population growth rate was observed for organisms exposed to sediment from the Avoca St retarding basins. The behavioral study showed that H. hexactinella tended to avoid the sediment-water interface when exposed to sediment from all retarding basins, compared to the reference sediment. Further work is needed to determine the long-term effects of stormwater polluted sediments and acute effects due to organism exposure to short-term high concentrations during rain events.
authors.affiliation: Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental Engineering, Miljoevej, Building 113, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. rtr@env.dtu.dk
authors.forename: Rikke T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Rosenkrantz
authors.forename: Carmel A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pollino
authors.forename: Dayanthi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nugegoda
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D006829:Hydra / Q000254:growth & development*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D011891:Rain; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical