title: Participants' perspective on maintaining behaviour change: a qualitative study within the European Diabetes Prevention Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The European Diabetes Prevention Study (EDIPS) is an RCT of diet and exercise interventions in people with impaired glucose tolerance. We undertook a qualitative study, nested within the EDIPS in Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK, aiming to understand the experience of participants who maintained behaviour change, in order to inform future interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were purposively sampled, according to success criteria for diet and physical activity change maintenance, and invited to attend individual semi-structured interviews. Fifteen participants completed an interview and reflected on their experience over three to five years. We used the Framework method to analyse the transcribed data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Main themes were identified as factors that help (props) and those that hinder (burdens) behaviour change maintenance at different organisational levels: individual (both physical and psychological), social and environmental. Pre-existing physical conditions (such as arthritis) and social demands (such as caring for an ageing relative) hindered, whereas the benefits of becoming fitter and of having social and professional support helped, participants in maintaining behaviour change. Participants' long term experiences highlighted the salience of the continuous change in their physical, social and environmental conditions over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The construct of props and burdens facilitates a holistic view of participants' behaviour. Efforts to encourage behaviour change maintenance should take account of context and the way this changes over time, and should include strategies to address these issues. The experience of participants who maintain behaviour change highlights the challenges for the wider implementation of diabetes prevention strategies.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  (ISRCTN 15670600).
authors.affiliation: Public Health Research Programme, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. l.d.penn@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Penn
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moffatt
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005060:Europe; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012931:Social Environment