title: Cytokine mRNA induction by interleukin-1beta or tumor necrosis factor alpha in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Hypothalamic and cortical mRNA levels for cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are impacted by systemic treatments of IL1beta and TNFalpha. To investigate the time course of the effects of IL1beta and TNFalpha on hypothalamic and cortical cytokine gene expression, we measured mRNA levels for IL1beta, TNFalpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL1 receptor 1, BDNF, NGF, and glutamate decarboxylase-67 in vitro using hypothalamic and cortical primary cultures. IL1beta and TNFalpha mRNA levels increased significantly in a dose-dependent fashion after exposure to either IL1beta or TNFalpha. IL1beta increased IL1beta mRNA in both the hypothalamic and cortical cultures after 2-6 h while TNFalpha mRNA increased significantly within 30 min and continued to rise up to 2-6 h. Most of the other mRNAs showed significant changes independent of dose in vitro. In vivo, intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of IL1beta or TNFalpha also significantly increased IL1beta, TNFalpha and IL6 mRNA levels in the hypothalamus and cortex. IL1beta icv, but not TNFalpha, increased NGF mRNA levels in both these areas. Results support the hypothesis that centrally active doses of IL1beta and TNFalpha enhance their own mRNA levels as well as affect mRNA levels for other neuronal growth factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy, Pharmacology and Physiology, Programs in Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6520, USA.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taishi
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Churchill
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De
authors.forename: Ferenc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Obal
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Krueger
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000166:cytology; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha