title: The Mll partial tandem duplication: differential, tissue-specific activity in the presence or absence of the wild-type allele.
abstract: The partial tandem duplication of MLL (MLL-PTD) is found in 5% to 10% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and normal cytogenetics. Its expression in leukemic blasts is coincident with a silenced wild-type (WT) MLL allele. We therefore generated mice expressing the Mll-PTD in the absence of Mll-WT. These Mll(PTD/-) mice die at birth unlike the normal life expectancy of Mll(PTD/WT), Mll(WT/-), and Mll(WT/WT) mice. Using Mll(WT/WT) fetal liver cells (FLC) as baseline, we compared Mll(PTD/-) with Mll(PTD/WT) FLC and found both had increased HoxA gene expression and granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming progenitor cells (CFU-GM); in contrast, only Mll(PTD/WT) FLC had increased pluripotent hemopoietic progenitors (CFU-GEMM). The similarities between Mll(PTD/WT) and Mll(PTD/-) mice suggest that the Mll-PTD mutation can up-regulate target genes in a dominant, gain-of-function fashion. The differences between these 2 genotypes suggest that in select tissues the Mll-PTD requires cooperation with the Mll-WT in the genesis of the observed abnormality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
authors.forename: Adrienne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dorrance
authors.forename: Shujun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pulley
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nemer
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guimond
authors.forename: Weifeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Susan P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Whitman
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marcucci
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Caligiuri
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D005333:Fetus; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007938:Leukemia / Q000209:etiology; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein; C088144:HoxA protein