title: Risk factors for local recurrence in patients with pTa/pT1 urinary bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated risk factors for local tumour recurrence, defined as recurrence at the same location in the bladder within 18 months after primary resection in patients with newly diagnosed pTa or pT1 bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 472 patients with newly diagnosed pTa/T1 bladder cancer between 1992 and 2001. The patients were followed prospectively in accordance with a control programme and possible risk factors for tumour recurrence were registered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local tumour recurrence was observed in 164 (35%) patients, another 117 (25%) patients had recurrence at other locations in the bladder (non-local recurrence) and 191 (40%) had no recurrence at all. Tumour size and multiple tumours were significantly associated with a higher risk for developing local recurrence as opposed to non-local recurrence. Tumour category was of borderline statistical significance. Gender and tumour grade were not found to be risk factors for developing local recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tumour size and multiplicity are risk factors for development of recurrence at the same location in the bladder as the primary tumour. Local tumour recurrence may be a result of non-radical primary transurethral resection. One may consider recommending standard re-resection within 6-8 weeks in patients with tumours > 3 cm or those with multiple primary tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden. Georg.Jancke@lio.se
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jancke
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Damm
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosell
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jahnson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003558:Cystoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D047368:Tumor Burden; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine