title: Potential for cost-savings in the care of hospitalized low-risk community-acquired pneumonia patients in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The cost of treating community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in China is a heavy economic burden for the society.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the costs of hospitalization of low-risk CAP patients and how hospitalization costs can be reduced through proper usage of hospital resources.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred thirty-six patients with low-risk CAP who were hospitalized between January 2000 and December 2005 in a 1161-bed tertiary care teaching hospital were included in a retrospective cohort study. Their hospitalization costs and antibiotic therapy were analyzed. General linear model was utilized to determine correlative variables associated with total hospital costs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median length of hospital stay was 12 days and the median duration of intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy was 10 days, they were correlated significantly (P = 0.000, r = 0.81). The median total hospital cost was $556.50 (mean $705.60), of which 48.9% was for drugs, 21.9% for laboratory tests, 8.6% for radiology, 6.5% for medical staff, 6.3% for hospital beds, and 5.3% for examination. General linear model analysis determined that duration of IV antibiotic therapy, Pneumonia Severity Index class, age, and initial empirical antibiotic therapy failure were correlative factors of total hospital costs. Pathogens were identified in 106 patients (44.9%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the most common pathogen (19.9%), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (8.5%), and Haemophilus influenza (5.5%). The majority of patients accepted initial empirical beta-lactam (37.3%) or fluoroquinolone (30.9%) monotherapy, the empirical treatment failure rates were 20.5% and 5.5%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Efforts to reduce duration of IV antibiotic therapy will have the most profound effect on reducing total hospital costs of low-risk CAP. The atypical pathogens should be considered for initial empirical antibiotics in low-risk CAP therapy in China.
authors.affiliation: Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Qing-tao
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics*; D002681:China; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000191:economics; D017046:Cost Savings; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics*; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000191:economics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010346:Patient Care Management / Q000191:economics; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents