title: Opioids for nonmalignant pain.
abstract: Pain is the most common symptom in the world for which patients seek professional help. Opioids offer an appropriate and safe treatment for some but not all patients with nonmalignant chronic pain. Potential risks, including drug abuse and intolerable side effects, appear to be manageable or even preventable in most cases. Patients with persistent rheumatic pain who have failed traditional treatments should be considered for long-acting opioids. Opioids are best administered in the framework of weighing the good against the bad in each patient, recognizing the potential morbidity and sometimes mortality in untreated patients who have severe and disabling pain daily.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Warren A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid