title: Safety of contrast-enhanced echocardiography within 24 h after acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Contrast-enhanced echocardiography is widely used to enhance left ventricular (LV) endocardial border delineation in stable patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, accurate assessment of LV function and size is important, but data on the safety of contrast-enhanced echocardiography in the early stage of myocardial infarction (within 24 h) are lacking. In the current study, the experience on the safety of contrast-enhanced echocardiography within 24 h of acute myocardial infarction is reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 115 consecutive patients (58 +/- 11 years; 77% male) admitted to the coronary care unit for ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction underwent clinically indicated contrast-enhanced echocardiography within 24 h of hospital admission to assess LV size and function. Perflutren (Luminity, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma, Bruxelles, Belgium) was used as contrast agent. Safety was determined evaluating vital signs, physical examination, ECG, and adverse events. On contrast-enhanced echocardiography, the mean LV ejection fraction was 44 +/- 11%, and 56% of patients had an LV ejection fraction </=45%. Administration of echo contrast did not induce any significant change in vital signs, physical examination, and ECG. Major adverse events were not observed whereas minor events occurred in 4% of patients (hypersensitivity at the injection site in three and transient back pain in two).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide evidence on the safety of contrast-enhanced echocardiography in the first 24 h of myocardial infarction; larger patient cohorts are needed to confirm these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nucifora
authors.forename: Nina Ajmone
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Marsan
authors.forename: Hans-Marc J
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Siebelink
authors.forename: Jacob M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: van Werkhoven
authors.forename: Joanne D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Schuijf
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schalij
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poldermans
authors.forename: Eduard R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Holman
authors.forename: Jeroen J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bax
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003325:Coronary Care Units; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012306:Risk; D012449:Safety; D013997:Time Factors; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005466:Fluorocarbons; C042852:perflutren