title: Meningomyelitis in dogs: a retrospective review of 28 cases (1999 to 2007).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterise dogs with meningomyelitis and to compare signalment, body temperature and vaccination status to a representative control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs with meningomyelitis were identified retrospectively. Signalment, history, vaccination status, body temperature, severity of neurological dysfunction (modified Frankel score), diagnostic procedures, aetiology, survival to discharge and long-term survival were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Affected dogs were younger (P<0.05) and more frequently hound or toy breeds (P<0.05) when compared with controls. Hound and toy breed dogs less than or equal to three years of age had a 13 times higher odds of meningomyelitis compared with other breeds (P<0.001). General proprioceptive ataxia, limb paresis and paraspinal hyperaesthesia were the most common clinical signs. Meningomyelitis of unknown aetiology and granulomatous meningomyelitis were the most common diagnoses. The median time to death or continued follow-up in dogs alive at discharge was 213 days. Meningomyelitis resulted in death or euthanasia in 14 of 28 dogs. Clinical signs improved or resolved in seven of 28 dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meningomyelitis is a differential diagnosis for dogs with clinical signs of myelopathy. Young dogs and toy or hound breeds seem to be predisposed. Clinical signs of meningomyelitis improve or resolve in some dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Fosgate
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009187:Myelitis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary