Azithromycin pulses in the treatment of inflammatory and pustular acne: efficacy, tolerability and safety.
BACKGROUND
Azithromycin is an azalide analogous to erythromycin; it has an anti-inflammatory action that prevents the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, a major microorganism involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory acne.


METHODS
An open, multicentric, non-comparative study was performed with 57 patients to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and safety of azithromycin in the treatment of grade 2 inflammatory vulgar acne, using a regimen of three monthly pulses of 500 mg for 3 consecutive days. The efficacy was evaluated using the Physician's Global Evaluation of Clinical Response Scale. The drug's safety was monitored by standard laboratory analyses and by the incidence of adverse events.


RESULTS
Azithromycin showed a significant statistical reduction of the number of lesions in the different regions of the face between the basal and final visits (p<0.001). The laboratory changes associated with the treatment with azithromycin were not clinically significant. The majority of adverse events reported were related to the gastrointestinal and central nervous systems, and were classified as mild or moderate. Only two patients had to be withdrawn from the study due to adverse events.


CONCLUSIONS
Three monthly pulses of azithromycin 500 mg for 3 consecutive days is safe, well tolerated, effective and promotes increased patient adhesion to the treatment.
Antonio
João Roberto
JR
Dermatology Service of Dermatology School Hospital, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. dr.joao@pelle.com.br
Pegas
José Roberto
JR
Cestari
Tânia Ferreira
TF
Do Nascimento
Leninha Valéria
LV
D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020551:Pulse Therapy, Drug; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017963:Azithromycin