title: [Strategy for high cavoatrial tumor thrombus in children with nephroblastoma].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Wilms tumor surgery with intracaval-atrial extension is a challenge. Modern imaging techniques, precise preoperative thrombus location, and multidisciplinary surgical approach is mandatory. We aim to evaluate the outcome of our patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1992 and 2005, 52 patients with nephroblastomas underwent surgery in our institution. Nine of them had renal-caval (RC) or cavo-atrial(CA) thrombus extension. Four patients presenting short RC intravascular extension were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cases were treated with pre-postoperative chemotherapy SIOP protocols. The level of the extension was retrohepatic in 2 cases, atrial in 3 patients and it even reached the ventricle in 2 of them. A multidisciplinary team was necessary to plan surgery and in all patients thrombus and tumor could be removed under cardiopulmonary by-pass in 3 cases (CPBP). One pulmonary tamponade due to thrombus migration (CAV) occurred and was solved by CPBP. Three cases were stage III, one stage IV and 1 stage II. Conclusions. Tumor size can be significantly reduced by preoperative chemotherapy. In case of CA extension, CPBP and right liver displacement to gain access to retro-hepatic cava are mandatory in order to reduce surgical complications.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología y Cardiocirugia Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil La Paz. Madrid. lauraburgos33@hotmail.com
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Burgos
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Martínez Urrutia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lobato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López Santamaría
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aroca
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaureguízar
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery