Expression of the ZEB1 (deltaEF1) transcription factor in human: additional insights.
The zinc finger E-box binding transcription factor ZEB1 (deltaEF1/Nil-2-a/AREB6/zfhx1a/TCF8/zfhep/BZP) is emerging as an important regulator of the epithelial to mesenchymal transitions (EMT) required for development and cancer metastasis. ZEB1 promotes EMT by repressing genes contributing to the epithelial phenotype while activating those associated with the mesenchymal phenotype. TCF8 (zfhx1a), the gene encoding ZEB1, is induced by several potentially oncogenic ligands including TGF-beta, estrogen, and progesterone. TGF-beta appears to activate EMT, at least in part, by inducing ZEB1. However, our understanding of how ZEB1 contributes to signaling pathways elicited by estrogen and progesterone is quite limited, as is our understanding of its functional roles in normal adult tissues. To begin to address these questions, a human tissue mRNA array analysis was done. In adults, the highest ZEB1 mRNA expression is in bladder and uterus, whereas in the fetus highest expression is in lung, thymus, and heart. To further investigate the regulation of TCF8 by estrogen, ZEB1 mRNA was measured in ten estrogen-responsive cell lines, but it is only induced in the OV266 ovarian carcinoma line. Although high expression of ZEB1 mRNA is estrogen-dependent in normal human ovarian and endometrial biopsies, high expression is estrogen-independent in late stage ovarian and endometrial carcinomas, raising the possibility that deregulated expression promotes cancer progression. In contrast, TCF8 is at least partially deleted in 4 of 5 well-differentiated, grade I endometrial carcinomas, which may contribute to their non-aggressive phenotype. These data support the contention that high ZEB1 encourages gynecologic carcinoma progression.
Hurt
Elaine M
EM
Cancer Stem Cell Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Saykally
Jessica N
JN
Anose
Bynthia M
BM
Kalli
Kimberly R
KR
Sanders
Michel M
MM
D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism; D018628:Gene Dosage; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071799:Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1
D004967:Estrogens; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; C486307:ZEB1 protein, human; D000071799:Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1