title: Awareness of driving disability in people with stroke tested in a simulator.
abstract: The aim of this study was to explore and describe awareness of driving disability in people with driving difficulties after stroke. The study comprised a consecutive sample of 38 participants with stroke who showed difficulties in a technically advanced, interactive driving simulator. Driving ability in the simulator was measured using Performance Analysis of Driving Ability (P-Drive). Awareness of driving disability was measured using a modified version of Assessment of Awareness of Disability (AAD), measuring the discrepancy between observed driving actions and self-reported disability after a driving evaluation in a simulator. A majority of the participants (n = 36) demonstrated driving ability that was below the cut-off criterion for P-Drive. Furthermore, a majority of the items measuring awareness of driving disability were scored low, indicating that participants with stroke who did not pass a driving evaluation also had limited awareness of driving disability. A General Linear Model analysis indicated that awareness of driving disability and cognitive screening outcome explained 74% of the variance in driving ability. This study indicated that a majority of the people with stroke who fail a driving evaluation also have limited awareness of their disability, which indicates the need to address awareness in driving evaluations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. ann-helen.patomella@ki.se
authors.forename: Ann-Helen
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Patomella
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kottorp
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tham
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D001364:Awareness; D003071:Cognition; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011581:Psychological Tests; D020521:Stroke / Q000523:psychology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis