title: Gene expression in CD4+ T-cells reflects heterogeneity in infant wheezing phenotypes.
abstract: Although a marked increase in the reporting of wheezing symptoms since the mid-1970s has been described, the underlying immunopathology of the different wheezing phenotypes has not been clarified. Since differences in gene expression might be involved, the objective of the present study was to identify gene expression profiles in CD4+ T-cells from two distinct infant wheezing phenotypes. The gene expression profiles of peripheral CD4+ T-cells were compared by means of microarray analysis of six transient wheezers, six persistent wheezers and seven healthy controls. The differentially expressed genes were subsequently validated by RT-PCR. The differential gene expression profiles reflected common immunological pathways involved in apoptosis or proliferation of T-cells. Furthermore, both wheezing phenotypes showed decreased expression of the complement component 5 receptor 1 gene, a gene involved in the regulation of bronchial responsiveness. Moreover, differences in gene expression profiles were found in genes involved in the immune response against respiratory syncytial virus, such as those encoding signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 and an inflammatory mediator showing enhanced production in asthma (prostaglandin E(2) receptor 2). The present findings suggest that clinical symptoms of wheeze are reflected in common immunological pathways, whereas differences between wheezing phenotypes are, in part, reflected in distinct gene expression profiles.
authors.affiliation: Dept of General Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kapitein
authors.forename: M O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.forename: E H J
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Nijhuis
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hijnen
authors.forename: H G M
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Arets
authors.forename: J L L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kimpen
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Knol
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E / Q000378:metabolism; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E