title: Methylene blue in place of acridine orange as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy of osteosarcoma.
abstract: We recently established a unique therapeutic modality for musculoskeletal sarcomas, combining acridine orange (AO) with photodynamic surgery (PDS), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and radiodynamic therapy (RDT); excellent results were obtained in the inhibition of local tumor recurrence after intralesional excision. However, AO is not yet approved for clinical use and intravenous injection. Therefore, methylene blue (MB), which has a very similar chemical structure to AO and is already in clinical use for other diseases, was investigated. In vitro studies using mouse osteosarcoma (LM8) cells revealed that MB-PDT had a strong cytocidal effect and that MB was not radiosensitive, showing no effect in RDT. In vivo studies showed that MB did not specifically accumulate in mouse osteosarcoma tissue and that it did not inhibit tumor growth. MB is not a better photosensitizer than AO in PDS, PDT and RDT for osteosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie Postgraduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kusuzaki
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsumine
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satonaka
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shintani
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Atsumasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uchida
mesh_terms: D000165:Acridine Orange / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D015394:Molecular Structure; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D000165:Acridine Orange; D008751:Methylene Blue