title: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) regulates LPS-induced cytokine production and reduces mortality in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the immunoregulatory effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D(3) Von dominant Th1 response in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty adult Lewis rats were randomized into three groups. Rats in group 1 (n=25) were treated with 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) first and then challenged with LPS, rats in group 2 (n=25) were treated with vehicle first and then challenged with LPS. Ten animals in groups 1 and 2 were preserved for mortality observation. The remaining animals were injected (i.p) with endotoxin, 24 h after the last administration of 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) and vehicle. Rats in group 3 (n=10) were treated with 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) only. Serum IL-12, IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-4 levels were measured and target gene of 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) on Th cells was studied after 6 h. Gene abundance was verified by real-time quantitative PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No death occurred in rats pretreated with 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) after LPS injection. Death occurred 9 h after LPS injection in rats pretreated with the vehicle, and the number of deaths was 5 within 24 h, with a mortality rate of 50%. There was no change in the number of deaths within 96 h. Six hours after endotoxin stimulation, serum IL-12 and IFN-gamma levels decreased significantly in rats pretreated with 1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) as compared with those in rats pretreated with the vehicle. The serum content of these two cytokines was very low in rats not challenged by endotoxin, and there was a significant difference as compared with the previous two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1,25-(OH)(2)D(3) attenuates injury induced by the lethal dose of LPS, regulates Th1 and Th2 cells at the transcription level, and dominantly responds to cytokine production in rats.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Department of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, China. billc.cn@gmail.com
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jie-Shou
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D023421:Models, Animal; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014815:Vitamins; D018664:Interleukin-12; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D002117:Calcitriol