title: Acceptance and compliance of clean intermittent catheterization among Saudi patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the applicability, acceptance, and compliance of the option of clean intermittent catheterization CIC when needed by patients in our society.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the files of all patients for whom CIC was conducted at King Khalid University Hospital and Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 1998, and 2006. We considered primary pathology, indication of CIC, age at CIC initiation, and who administered the CIC. We also documented the acceptance and compliance levels of the procedure by the patient over time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 280 patients, of which 118 (42%) were female and 162 (58%) were male in this study. The main pathology was myelodysplasia in 196 (70%) patients, posterior urethral valve in 52 (18.6%) patients, and non-neuropathic bladder sphincter dysfunction in 32 (11.4%) patients. The mean age was 6.49 +/- 4.25 years. Two hundred and fifty-seven (91.7%) families and their children accepted the idea of CIC, and 248 (88.6%) continued with the CIC program. Mothers were responsible for carrying out the procedure in 204 (72.9%) patients. However, in 76 (27.1%) cases, the patient was doing the procedure independently and the average age for a child to master the technique was 8 years. During the last 3 years, an urotherapist took over the educational services and performed outpatient education instead of our previous inpatient education.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clean intermittent catheterization is an appropriate method of treatment for our group of patients. They showed excellent acceptance of and compliance with the procedure, however, we suggest that for complete success, proper education, teaching, and follow-up should be conducted.
authors.affiliation: Urology Division, Department of Surgery (37), King Khalid University Hospital, PO Box 7805, Riyadh 11472, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. kfouda@ksu.edu.sa
authors.forename: Khalid Fouda
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Neel
authors.forename: Mahmoud A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Salem
authors.forename: Sherif M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.forename: Hamdan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Al-Hazmi
authors.forename: Abdulmonem B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Gomha
authors.forename: Amenah A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khatab
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000523:psychology*