title: The curse of normalization.
abstract: Despite its enormous promise to further our understanding of cellular processes involved in the regulation of gene expression, microarray technology generates data for which statistical pre-processing has become a necessity before any interpretation of data can begin. The process by which we distinguish (and remove) non-biological variation from biological variation is called normalization. With a multitude of experimental designs, techniques and technologies influencing the acquisition of data, numerous approaches to normalization have been proposed in the literature. The purpose of this short review is not to add to the many suggestions that have been made, but to discuss some of the difficulties we encounter when analysing microarray data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Control Systems Centre, UMIST, Manchester M60 1QD, UK. o.wolkenhauer@umist.ac.uk
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wolkenhauer
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Möller-Levet
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Cabo