Targeted optical probing of neuronal circuit dynamics using fluorescent protein sensors.
Interest in non-invasive methods for optical probing of neuronal electrical activity has been ongoing for several decades and methods for imaging the activity of single or multiple individual neurons in networks composed of thousands of neurons have been developed. Most widely used are techniques that use organic chemistry-based dyes as indicators of calcium and membrane potential. More recently a new generation of probes, genetically encoded fluorescent protein sensors, have emerged for use by physiologists studying the operation of neuronal circuits. In this review we describe the advance of these emerging optical techniques and compare them with more conventional approaches.
Qiu
De-Lai
DL
Laboratory for Neuronal Circuit Dynamics, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako City, Saitama, Japan.
Akemann
Walther
W
Chu
Chun-Ping
CP
Araki
Rikita
R
Knöpfel
Thomas
T
D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000032:analysis; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis*; D005470:Fluorometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D055096:Optical Devices; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
D002147:Calmodulin; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins