title: A comparative analysis of two tissue procurement approaches for the genomic profiling of clinical colorectal cancer samples.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The basis for personalized medicine is the creation of a repository of knowledge about the genetic alterations involved in disease processes. Integral to achieving this goal is the querying of well-preserved, high-quality human tissue samples. Making these findings relevant involves the interrogation of large numbers of samples. The pace with which changes have occurred versus the potential pace with which changes can occur may be indicative of problems associated with traditional approaches on collecting biospecimens. Therefore, transforming personalized medicine from concept to reality may require an alternative approach in the field of tissue specimen procurement.
  
  
  METHODS
  "Exfoliation and Enrichment" (EE), a recently described rapid and cost-effective approach for procuring cells, was utilized and assessed relative to a more traditional but temporally and economically comparable approach. Material from the same tumor sample, one collected by EE but the other frozen, were procured, the DNA extracted, and the samples analyzed at the global and gene-specific level by array comparative genomic hybridization and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both approaches resulted in the rapid procurement and retrieval of well-preserved cells and nucleic acids. The presence of "contaminating" normal cells in the more traditional approach masked the significance of genetic gains and losses, findings that were more readily apparent from the material derived by the EE method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The EE approach represents a cost-effective alternative to traditional cell-procurement methods that results in the generation of superior genomic data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 100 High Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA. mojica@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: Wilfrido D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Mojica
authors.forename: Donald E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Sykes
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Conroy
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gaile
authors.forename: Xeuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nowak
mesh_terms: D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization / Q000379:methods; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011309:Preservation, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis / Q000379:methods; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm