title: Relation of Trp64Arg polymorphism of beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene to adipocytokines and fat distribution in obese patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity has multiple causes and is determined by the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. A genetic factor is a (Trp64Arg) missense mutation in the beta 3-adrenergic receptor. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Trp64Arg polymorphism in the beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene on weight, adipocytokines, insulin resistance, and fat distribution in obese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population of 217 nondiabetic obese Caucasian outpatients was analyzed. Indirect calorimetry and tetrapolar bioimpedance results, blood pressure, nutritional intake with 3-day food records, and biochemical parameters were evaluated. The genotype of beta 3-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism (Trp64Arg) was studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 44.3 +/- 16.4 years, and the mean body mass index was 35.2 +/- 5.2. One hundred and eighty-six patients (52 males and 134 females; 85.8%) had the genotype Trp64/Trp64 (wild-type group), and 31 patients (11 males and 20 females; 14.2%) had the genotype Trp64/Arg64 (mutant group). In the mutant group, body mass index, weight, fat mass, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, and C-reactive protein levels were higher than in the wild-type group. The adipocytokine levels were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patients of the mutant group (Trp64/Arg64) had higher body mass index, weight, waist circumference, fat mass, waist-to-hip ratio, and C-reactive protein values than those of the wild-type group.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, 12D056/0013 Valladolid, Spain. dadluis@yahoo.es
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: de Luis
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aller
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Izaola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonzalez Sagrado
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Conde
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D020738:Leptin; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D052243:Resistin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol