title: Topical substance P increases inflammatory cell density in genetically diabetic murine wounds.
abstract: The neuropeptide substance P (SP) is a known inflammatory mediator released from cutaneous peripheral nerve terminals. SP effects on cellular composition in the cutaneous response to injury remain unclear. Based on our previous observations about SP effects on wound repair, we hypothesized that topical SP increases inflammatory cell density infiltration early after injury. A full-thickness 1.5 x 1.5 cm(2) wound was created on the dorsum of 8-9-week-old C57BL/6J-m+Lepr(db) mice (db/db). Wounds were treated daily with 300 muL of either normal saline (0.9% NaCl) or 10(-9) M SP for 7 days. Three wounds from each group were harvested at 2, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. Samples underwent enzymatic digestion and were incubated with fluorescent-labeled antibodies. Using flow cytometry, cellular content and density for each sample was derived. Masson Trichrome stained histology specimens were prepared to confirm results. Cell density in the SP-treated wounds (11.3 x 10(7) cells/g tissue, standard deviation [SD]+/-1.5 x 10(7)) was greater than in NaCl-treated wounds (7 x 10(7) cells/g tissue, SD+/-2.3 x 10(7), p<0.05) at day 7 postwounding. SP significantly increased the density of leukocytes (2.1 x 10(7), SD +/-3.6 x 10(6) vs. 1.8 x 10(7), SD+/-4.9 x 10(5), p<0.02) 3 days after wounding and the density of macrophages (2.9 x 10(7), SD+/-7.5 x 10(6) vs. 1.3 x 10(7), SD+/-1.4 x 10(6), p<0.05) 7 days after wounding. There were no significant differences in endothelial cell, leukocyte, or macrophage density at later time points. Topical SP treatment increases early inflammatory density in the healing wounds of db/db mice. These data support a role for nerve-mediated inflammation in cutaneous wound repair.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Richard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Pornprom
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muangman
authors.forename: F Frank
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Isik
authors.forename: Chengyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Nicole S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Gibran
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011897:Random Allocation; D012867:Skin / Q000293:injuries; D013373:Substance P / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D013373:Substance P