title: LPA modulates monocyte migration directly and via LPA-stimulated endothelial cells.
abstract: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lysophospholipid ligand present in oxidized low-density lipoprotein. The effects of LPA were investigated, first separately on endothelial cells (EC) and monocytes. Using Ki16425 (an LPA(1) and LPA(3) receptor antagonist), GW9662 [a peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor (PPARgamma) antagonist], and pertussis toxin (that inhibits G(i/o)), we demonstrate that LPA enhances IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression through a LPA(1)-, LPA(3)-, G(i/o)- and PPARgamma-dependent manner in the EAhy926 cells. The effect of LPA on chemokine overexpression was confirmed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. LPA was able to enhance monocyte migration at concentrations <1 microM and to inhibit their migration at LPA concentrations >1 microM, as demonstrated by using a chemotaxis assay. We then investigated the effects of LPA on the cross-talk between EC and monocytes by evaluating the chemotactic activity in the supernatants of LPA-treated EC. At 1 microM LPA, both cell types respond cooperatively, favoring monocyte migration. At higher LPA concentration (25 microM), the chemotactic response varies as a function of time. After 4 h, the chemotactic effect of the cytokines secreted by the EC is counteracted by the direct inhibitory effect of LPA on monocytes. For longer periods of time (24 h), we observe a monocyte migration, probably due to lowered concentrations of bioactive LPA, given the induction of lipid phosphate phosphatase-2 in monocytes that may inactivate LPA. These results suggest that LPA activates EC to secrete chemokines that in combination with LPA itself might favor or not favor interactions between endothelium and circulating monocytes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Unit of Research on Cellular Biology (URBC), Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium. cindy.gustin@fundp.ac.be
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gustin
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Steenbrugge
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raes
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D049368:Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D047495:PPAR gamma; D049368:Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid; C032881:lysophosphatidic acid