title: Thalidomide inhibits epidermal growth factor-induced cell growth in mouse and human monocytic leukemia cells via Ras inactivation.
abstract: The effect of thalidomide on epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced cell growth was examined. Thalidomide inhibited EGF-induced cell growth in mouse and human monocytic leukemia cells, RAW 264.7, U937 and THP-1. Thalidomide inhibited EGF-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, but not p38 and stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK)/JNK. The phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and Raf at Ser 338 as the upstream molecules of ERK 1/2 was also prevented by thalidomide. Further, it inhibited EGF-induced Ras activation through preventing the transition to GTP-bound active Ras. Thalidomide inhibited the Ras activation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as well as EGF. There was no significant difference in the expression and function of EGF receptor between thalidomide-treated and non-treated cells. Therefore, thalidomide was suggested to inhibit EGF-induced cell growth via inactivation of Ras.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.
authors.forename: Abu Shadat M
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Noman
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Imtiaz I-E
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Khuda
authors.forename: Jargalsaikhan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dagvadorj
authors.forename: Gantsetseg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tumurkhuu
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naiki
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokochi
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D013792:Thalidomide; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins