title: Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome: a consideration in patients with hydrocephalus.
abstract: Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome is a rare neurological manifestation of intermittent hemodialysis. Urea removal occurs more slowly across the blood-brain barrier than from the plasma, generating an osmotic gradient that promotes water movement into the brain and cerebral edema. The authors report the development of dialysis disequilibrium syndrome in a patient with spina bifida and an adequately functioning shunt.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hospitals Belfast Trust, Belfast, Ireland. tomflannery@fsmail.net
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Flannery
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shoakazemi
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Alistair
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Woodman
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cooke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D013577:Syndrome