title: Increased plasma S100A12 (EN-RAGE) levels in hemodialysis patients with atherosclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  S100A12, also known as EN-RAGE (extracellular newly identified receptor for advanced glycation end products binding protein) is a ligand for RAGE, and has been proposed to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. In this study, we examined the plasma S100A12 concentration in patients with ESRD and undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and evaluated the relation between S100A12 level and carotid intimal media thickness (IMT) by ultrasound.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured plasma S100A12 concentration in 72 HD patients and 42 control subjects. IMT of the carotid artery was measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography in 46 HD patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean plasma S100A12 level was 2.3-fold higher in HD patients than in control subjects (25.0 +/- 2.32 vs. 10.7 +/- 0.97 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis identified circulating white blood cell count as a positive independent determinant and total cholesterol and serum albumin levels as negative independent determinants of plasma S100A12 concentration. The maximum IMT was positively correlated with plasma S100A12 level. Stepwise multiple regression analysis also identified plasma S100A12 as a significant independent determinant of the maximum IMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that S100A12 protein is involved in the acceleration of atherosclerosis in HD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology and Nephrology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan. moriy@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasukiyo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kosaki
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Tatsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Fumitaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagahara
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urakami
authors.forename: Toshiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaka
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsubara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D000067616:S100A12 Protein; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D008024:Ligands; D009418:S100 Proteins; D000067616:S100A12 Protein; C090441:S100A12 protein, human; D002784:Cholesterol