title: Reading virtual slide using web viewers: results of subjective experience with three different solutions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Virtual slides are viewed using interactive software that enables the user to simulate the behaviour of a conventional optical microscope, like adjusting magnifications and navigating to any portion of the image. Nowadays, information about the performance and features of web-based solutions for reading slides in real environments is still scarce. The objective of this study is analyzing the subjective experience of pathologists with virtual slides, comparing the time needed to read slides using different web viewers and different network connections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight slides were randomly selected (4 biopsies and 2 cytologies) from Hospital General de Ciudad Real (HGCR) archives. Three different virtual slide web-viewing solutions were analyzed: Aperio web server, Olympus NetImage Server, and Aurora mScope. Five pathologists studied to time needed to access images of each virtual slide, selecting a panoramic view, 10 low magnification fields, and 20 high magnification fields.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aperio viewer is very efficient in overview images. Aurora viewer is especially efficient in lower magnifications (10x). For larger magnifications (20x and 40x) no significant differences were found between different vendors. Olympus was found to be the most user-friendly interface. When comparing Internet with intranet connections, despite being slower, users also felt comfortable using virtual slides through Internet connection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Available web solutions for virtual slides have different advantages, mainly in functionalities and optimization for different magnifications. Pathologists should select the solutions adapted to their needs.
authors.affiliation: Hospital General de Ciudad Real, Calle Tomelloso s/n, Ciudad Real, Spain. marcial@cim.es.
authors.forename: Marcial García
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Rojo
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gallardo
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peces
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murillo
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sacristán