title: Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in serum and synovial fluid after regional intravenous perfusion in the distal portion of the hind limb of adult cows.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in synovial fluid (SYNF) and serum from central venous (CV) and digital venous (DV) blood samples following regional IV perfusion (RIVP) of the distal portion of the hind limb in cows.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 healthy adult cows.
  
  
  METHODS
  In each cow, IV catheters were placed in the dorsal common digital vein (DCDV) and the plantar vein of the lateral digit, and an indwelling catheter was placed in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the left hind limb. A pneumatic tourniquet was applied to the midmetatarsal region. Florfenicol (2.2 mg/kg) was administered into the DCDV. Samples of DV blood, SYNF, and CV (jugular) blood were collected after 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 hours, and the tourniquet was removed; additional samples were collected at intervals for 24 hours after infusion. Florfenicol analysis was performed via high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In DV blood, CV blood, and SYNF, mean +/- SD maximum florfenicol concentration was 714.79 +/- 301.93 microg/mL, 5.90 +/- 1.37 microg/mL, and 39.19 +/- 29.42 microg/mL, respectively; area under the concentration versus time curve was 488.14 +/- 272.53 h*microg*mL(1), 23.10 +/- 6.91 h*microg*mL(1), and 113.82 +/- 54.71 h*microg*mL(1), respectively; and half-life was 4.09 +/- 1.93 hours, 4.77 +/- 0.67 hours, and 3.81 +/- 0.81 hours, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Following RIVP, high florfenicol concentrations were achieved in DV blood and SYNF, whereas the CV blood concentration remained low. In cattle, RIVP of florfenicol may be useful in the treatment of infectious processes involving the distal portion of limbs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Gilliam
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Streeter
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Papich
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Washburn
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Payton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000378:metabolism*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D013839:Thiamphenicol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C035534:florfenicol; D013839:Thiamphenicol