title: Applications of Gore-Tex implants in rhinoplasty reexamined after 17 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of GORE-TEX (W. L. Gore & Associates Inc, Flagstaff, Arizona) alloplast in rhinoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 17-year retrospective medical chart review at a teaching hospital, community hospital, and private facial cosmetic surgery center. A total of 521 patients (122 male and 399 female; age range, 13-70 years) were followed for 12 months to 17 years. All patients had undergone GORE-TEX implantation rhinoplasty (685 implants in 158 primary procedures and 508 secondary procedures) performed by 1 surgeon. Patient satisfaction, expressed with respect to desired cosmetic benefit and functional outcome, and physician assessment, based on aesthetic improvement, technical considerations, and complications, were evaluated. Results were assessed according to the follow-up notes in the medical chart reflecting patients' and surgeon's comments and full preoperative and postoperative photographic documentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GORE-TEX alloplasts, 1 to 10 mm thick, implanted in the nasal dorsum (n = 264), lateral nasal wall (n = 252), supratip dorsum (n = 85), and premaxilla (n = 84) showed excellent stability and tissue tolerance. Biological complications that required implant removal occurred in 1.9% of patients and included infection, soft tissue swelling, migration, and extrusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the exception of the nasal tip, columella, or problems in which corrections would require rigidity of the grafted or implanted material, the GORE-TEX alloplast is a safe, inexpensive, and predictable alternative to autografts. In the present series, more than 95% of implants used were 1 to 4 mm thick. In the remaining 5%, 6 implants ranged from 8 to 10 mm thick, and we found them acceptable. It is our opinion that for both primary and secondary rhinoplasty with adequate endonasal and external soft tissue coverage, GORE-TEX should be strongly considered for major and minor corrections of the nasal wall and bridge in properly selected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. lduquette@bellnet.ca
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.forename: Cory Stephen
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Torgerson
authors.forename: Grant S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Gillman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene