Multimodality nanotracers for cardiovascular applications.
Targeted imaging and therapeutics is becoming a field of prime importance in the study and treatment of cardiovascular disease; it promises to enable early diagnosis, promote improved understanding of pathology, and offer a way to improve therapeutic efficacy. Agents, particularly for cardiovascular disease, have been reported to permit the in vivo imaging, by multiple modalities, of macrophages, vascular targets such as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, and markers for angiogenesis such as alpha(v)beta(3) integrin. In this Article, we first discuss the general concept of multimodality nanoparticles and then focus in greater depth on their clinical application for molecular imaging and therapy. Lastly, several examples of cardiovascular applications are discussed, including combined imaging and therapy approaches.
Mulder
Willem J M
WJ
Sinai Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute and Imaging Science Laboratories, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. willem.mulder@mountsinai.org
Cormode
David P
DP
Hak
Sjoerd
S
Lobatto
Mark E
ME
Silvera
Stephane
S
Fayad
Zahi A
ZA
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry