title: Case reports: pediatric PCL insufficiency from tibial insertion osteochondral avulsions.
abstract: Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) insertion-site osteochondral avulsions in children, particularly from the tibia, are not commonly seen by orthopaedic surgeons. Because of the rarity of these injuries, careful attention to the specific physical examination and imaging findings seen with these injuries is necessary so that the proper diagnosis can be made. Osteochondral avulsions of the PCL can be missed on plain radiographs in skeletally immature patients, and therefore magnetic resonance imaging is necessary for proper diagnosis. With this knowledge, clinicians can formulate treatment plans which can return their patients to activities while avoiding potential morbidity resulting from missed diagnoses or improper treatment. We report two rare cases of PCL insufficiency stemming from tibial insertion osteochondral avulsions. Both patients underwent subsequent open reduction and internal fixation of the avulsion using two different fixation methods (bioabsorbable anchors versus cannulated screw and washer) and have returned to full sporting activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Nirav K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Pandya
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Janik
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001863:Bone Screws; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D012421:Rupture; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*