title: The value of hysterosalpingography in the diagnosis of tubal pathology among infertile patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of hysterosalpingography in the diagnosis of tubal pathology among infertile patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cross-sectional study in Kaunas University of Medicine Hospital within the period of 18 months was performed. Consecutive infertile women formed the study group according to defined criteria. Hysterosalpingography was performed in the preovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle. Laparoscopy and dye test was performed within one - three months after hysterosalpingography. General tubal pathology, tubal occlusion, and peritubal adhesions detected at hysterosalpingography were compared with general tubal pathology, tubal occlusion, and peritubal adhesions detected at laparoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population comprised 149 infertile women. The sensitivity of 81.4% and specificity of 47.8% the likelihood ratio of a positive test result of 1.6 and a negative test result of 0.4 for hysterosalpingography while evaluating general tubal pathology was determined. Sensitivity of 84.1% and specificity of 59.1% and likelihood ratios of 2.1 and 0.3, respectively, were calculated, when tubal occlusion was defined as any abnormality of tubal patency. When definition of tubal occlusion was limited to two-sided occlusion, the sensitivity and specificity were 89.5% and 90% and likelihood ratios 9.0 and 0.1, respectively. As a test of peritubal adhesions, hysterosalpingography had sensitivity of 35.5% and specificity of 81.3% and likelihood ratios of 1.9 and 0.8, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diagnostic performance of hysterosalpingography in the diagnosis of general tubal pathology and peritubal adhesions is poor. Hysterosalpingography is more accurate in the diagnosis of tubal occlusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Eiveniu 2, 50009 Kaunas, Lithuania. e.tvarijonaviciene@delfi.lt
authors.forename: Egle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tvarijonaviciene
authors.forename: Rūta Jolanta
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Nadisauskiene
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010535:Laparoscopy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors