title: Violence against women in Pakistan: a framework for analysis.
abstract: Understanding violence against women is as complex as its process. As a perusal of literature shows that most of the explanations were contextually and culturally based, this review attempts to analyze the issue of violence against women using theories applicable within the Pakistani context. Literature examining the issue of violence against women and its various theories was reviewed. A framework using the determinants of violence against women as proposed, include intrinsic and extrinsic factors within the people, the socio-economic-political and cultural system of Pakistan and the influences of surrounding countries. The Pakistani scenario has been described and the theoretical bases were presented. Each determinant has been discussed with supporting literature. Further studies are needed to strengthen the framework; however, it provided a modest view of violence against women in Pakistan. The framework would help the policy and decision makers to understand the dynamics of violence against women and may move them to action to bring about improvements in women's' lives.
authors.affiliation: University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Parveen Azam
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Maria Irma Bustamante
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Gavino
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression; D018585:Battered Women / Q000145:classification* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D010154:Pakistan; D011057:Politics; D015985:Precipitating Factors; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016387:Women's Health