title: Serum biomarkers provide an accurate method for diagnosis of atrophic gastritis in a general population: The Kalixanda study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Serological biomarkers can be used for non-invasive diagnosis of gastritis and atrophic gastritis. The aim of this study was to compare the validity of serum levels of pepsinogen I (PGI) and II (PGII), gastrin-17 (G-17) and Helicobacter pylori antibodies (Hpab) with that of the gold standard histology for diagnosis of atrophic gastritis in a population sample from Northern Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 1000 subjects underwent endoscopies with biopsies. Serum biomarkers were available in 976 subjects for independent diagnosis of gastric mucosal status using a predetermined diagnostic algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall agreement between histology and serological biomarkers in diagnosing corpus atrophy was 96% (CI 95%: 95-97%). Sensitivity and specificity of markers for atrophic gastritis were 71% (CI 68-74%) and 98% (CI 97-99%) respectively, corresponding to 69% (CI 95%: 66-72%) and 98% (95% CI 97-99%) positive and negative predictive values. The positive likelihood ratio was 35.5 (95% CI: 35.0-36.0%). In subgroups with normal stomachs, H. pylori non-atrophic gastritis and H. pylori-negative gastritis by histology, the prevalence of corpus atrophy diagnosed with the biomarkers was 0.8% and 4.9%, respectively. In total, 6.6% of subjects in the study population had corpus atrophy according to the serological biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS. Serological biomarkers show a high degree of accuracy as a non-invasive method to diagnose corpus atrophy, which is common in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Family and Community Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. tom.storskrubb@nll.se
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Storskrubb
authors.forename: Pertti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aro
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ronkainen
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sipponen
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nyhlin
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Talley
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Engstrand
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stolte
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vieth
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Agréus
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005755:Gastrins / Q000097:blood; D005757:Gastritis, Atrophic / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020116:Pepsinogen A / Q000097:blood*; D020115:Pepsinogen C / Q000097:blood*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D015415:Biomarkers; D005755:Gastrins; C013550:gastrin 17; D020115:Pepsinogen C; D020116:Pepsinogen A