title: Carcinosarcoma of the uterus: MR findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the imaging characteristics of carcinosarcomas, which are the most common malignant mixed epithelial and mesenchymal tumors (MEMTs) of the uterus.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed MR findings of 17 histopathologically confirmed cases with carcinosarcomas, including the size, growth pattern, signal intensity, contrast enhancement, and extrauterine spread in each case.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maximum tumor diameter was 11-165 mm (mean 88 mm). Nine cases (53%) showed exophytic with a stalk and eight cases (47%) showed broad-based exophytic growth. None of them showed invasive growth. Fourteen cases (82%) were isointense and three cases (18%) were hyperintense to myometrium on T1-weighted images (T1WI). An extremely high intensity area suggesting intratumoral hemorrhage was seen in only two cases. In 15 cases (88%), more than half of the tumor showed higher signal intensity than the outer myometrium on T2WI. Eight of the 16 cases (50%) had an unenhanced area, whereas 13 cases (81%) had a strongly enhanced area. Extrauterine extension was observed in only two cases (12%) at initial presentation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uterine carcinosarcomas reveal a spectrum of imaging findings with a high signal on T2WI, with a prolonged intense enhancement being the most common imaging feature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. ytanaka@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yumiko O
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002296:Carcinosarcoma / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA