title: The Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 termination complex interacts with the Ser5-phosphorylated RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain.
abstract: RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can terminate transcription via several pathways. To study how a mechanism is chosen, we analyzed recruitment of Nrd1, which cooperates with Nab3 and Sen1 to terminate small nucleolar RNAs and other short RNAs. Budding yeast contains three C-terminal domain (CTD) interaction domain (CID) proteins, which bind the CTD of the Pol II largest subunit. Rtt103 and Pcf11 act in mRNA termination, and both preferentially interact with CTD phosphorylated at Ser2. The crystal structure of the Nrd1 CID shows a fold similar to that of Pcf11, but Nrd1 preferentially binds to CTD phosphorylated at Ser5, the form found proximal to promoters. This indicates why Nrd1 cross-links near 5' ends of genes and why the Nrd1-Nab3-Sen1 termination pathway acts specifically at short Pol II-transcribed genes. Nrd1 recruitment to genes involves a combination of interactions with CTD and Nab3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 240 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vasiljeva
authors.forename: Minkyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mutschler
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buratowski
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meinhart
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004265:DNA Helicases; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D020365:RNA Helicases; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000737:chemistry*; D020537:RNA, Small Nucleolar / Q000737:chemistry; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012694:Serine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; C090564:NAB3 protein, S cerevisiae; C491211:NRD1 protein, S cerevisiae; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D020537:RNA, Small Nucleolar; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012694:Serine; D012319:RNA Polymerase II; C542347:SEN1 protein, S cerevisiae; D004265:DNA Helicases; D020365:RNA Helicases