title: Risk factors and consequences of delayed graft function in deceased donor renal transplant patients receiving antithymocyte globulin induction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Induction rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) is largely used in renal allograft recipients at risk for delayed graft function (DGF) and immunologic rejection. The purpose of our study was to characterize risk factors and outcomes associated with DGF when it occurs in recipients undergoing routine rATG induction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed our experience in a predominantly high-risk population receiving modern immunosuppressive regimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 231 deceased-donor transplants, high-risk characteristics included African American race (68%), retransplants (12%), peak panel reactive antibody of atleast 20% (19%), expanded criteria donor kidney (15%), and cold ischemia time exceeding 24 hr (27%). DGF occurred in 29% of patients. rATG was continued to a dose of 7.3 mg/kg in DGF patients and 5 mg/kg in non-DGF patients (P<0.0001). Risk factors for DGF were recipient body mass index greater than 30 kg/m(2) (odds ratio [OR]=1.5, P=0.02), female donor/male recipient pairings (OR=1.5, P=0.033), sirolimus use (OR=1.7, P=0.003), and donor creatinine more than 1.5 mg/dL (OR=1.6, P=0.016). One-year patient survival (99% non-DGF, 91% DGF; P=0.001) and acute rejection incidence through 36 months (11% non-DGF, 22.4% DGF; P=0.025) differed between groups. DGF patients experienced a higher rejection rate during the second and third years posttransplant. Death-censored graft survival was similar throughout 36 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In kidney transplantation with routine rATG induction, DGF was related to size and gender, donor creatinine, and immunosuppressive protocol. Despite low first-year rejection rates, DGF was associated with inferior patient survival. Importantly, patients with DGF continued to be at risk for rejection beyond the first year. Donor and recipient selection impacts short-term outcomes, and induction alone may not confer a long-term advantage without further modification of baseline therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA. spatel2@tmhs.org
authors.forename: Samir J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Benjamin T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Duhart
authors.forename: Amy G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Krauss
authors.forename: Linda W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Maria F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Egidi
authors.forename: Hosein-Shokouh
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Amiri
authors.forename: Lillian W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Gaber
authors.forename: A Osama
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Gaber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum / Q000378:metabolism*; D001706:Biopsy; D015992:Body Mass Index; D051799:Delayed Graft Function; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents