Non-pharmacological management of antipsychotic-induced weight gain: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
BACKGROUND
Antipsychotic-induced weight gain is a major concern in the treatment of psychosis. The efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions as well as the optimal intervention approach for this side-effect remain unclear.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions and specific treatment approaches to control antipsychotic-induced weight gain in patients with first-episode or chronic schizophrenia.


METHODS
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.


RESULTS
Ten trials were included in the meta-analysis. Adjunctive non-pharmacological interventions, either individual or group interventions, or cognitive-behavioural therapy as well as nutritional counselling were effective in reducing or attenuating antipsychotic-induced weight gain compared with treatment as usual, with treatment effects maintained over follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Non-pharmacological weight-management interventions should be a priority, particularly during the early stages of antipsychotic treatment. Preventive approaches have the potential to be more effective, acceptable, cost-efficient and beneficial.
Alvarez-Jiménez
Mario
M
ORYGEN Research Centre, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. malvarez@unimelb.edu.au
Hetrick
Sarah E
SE
González-Blanch
César
C
Gleeson
John F
JF
McGorry
Patrick D
PD
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy; D015430:Weight Gain
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents