title: Effect of pre-pregnancy body size on postpartum weight retention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to understand postpartum weight retention among women of different body sizes at pre-pregnancy, and to explore factors influencing this weight retention.
  
  
  METHODS
  a comparative, descriptive study. Pre-pregnancy body mass indices (BMIs) were determined from hospital records. Dependent variables were measured by self-report questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  a 3,900-bed medical centre in northern Taiwan that delivers approximately 4,000 children each year.
  
  
  METHODS
  a systematic sample of 810 women who had delivered children at a medical centre. In total, 602 valid questionnaires were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the average pre-pregnancy and six month postpartum BMIs were 21.5 [standard deviation (S.D.)=3.32] and 22.48 (S.D.=3.39), respectively. Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) increased from 18.27% before pregnancy to 27.57% at six months postpartum. Gestational weight gain (GWG) was 14.36, 14.37, 13.07 and 11.15kg among women in the underweight (UW), normal weight (NW), OW and OB groups, respectively; and six month postpartum weight retention was 3.32, 2.57, 1.67 and -0.29kg. GWG was the most significant predictor of postpartum weight change across groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  women with different body sizes at pre-pregnancy have common and specific risks for postpartum weight retention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  individualised interventions should be developed to manage postpartum weight for women of different body sizes. Interventions should establish criteria for GWG and provide strategies to improve body image and modify lifestyle. The overall goal should be to manage postpartum weight gain and to promote women's health.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Chang-Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan. thuang@mail.cgu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Tzu-Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hsin-Shih
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fong-Tai
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult