Carbon nanotubes in macrophages: imaging and chemical analysis by X-ray fluorescence microscopy.
X-ray fluorescence microscopy (microXRF) is applied for the first time to study macrophages exposed to unpurified and purified single-walled (SW) and multiwalled (MW) carbon nanotubes (CNT). Investigating chemical elemental distributions allows one to (i) image nanotube localization within a cell and (ii) detect chemical modification of the cell after CNT internalization. An excess of calcium is detected for cells exposed to unpurified SWCNT and MWCNT and related toxicological assays are discussed.
Bussy
Cyrill
C
Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, UMR 8502 CNRS, Universite Paris Sud, Bat. 510, Orsay F-91405, France. bussy@lps.u-psud.fr
Cambedouzou
Julien
J
Lanone
Sophie
S
Leccia
Emilie
E
Heresanu
Vasile
V
Pinault
Mathieu
M
Mayne-L'hermite
Martine
M
Brun
Nathalie
N
Mory
Claudie
C
Cotte
Marine
M
Doucet
Jean
J
Boczkowski
Jorge
J
Launois
Pascale
P