title: Oral disease burden and utilization of dental care patterns among pediatric solid organ transplant recipients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a study among pediatric renal (RTRs) and liver transplant recipients (LTRs) to determine: a) the overall burden of oral disease; and b) the frequency with which this population utilizes dental care services in relation to sociodemographic factors and oral disease burden.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional survey, study procedures included the completion of a standardized questionnaire (by parents/guardians), oral mucosal examination, assessment of caries, gingival enlargement, and plaque index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 142 children (82 RTRs and 60 LTRs) enrolled from April 2002 to November 2005 were predominantly Latino (41 percent) and Caucasian (34 percent). Forty-three percent had at least one carious surface (in either a deciduous or permanent tooth), 19 percent had five or more carious surfaces, and 25 percent had gingival enlargement. We found only one case of oral candidiasis. Even though 72 percent of parents/guardians reported their child had a regular source of dental care, only 49 percent had a dental cleaning and 44 percent had dental radiographs in the past year, reflecting a low prevalence of preventive dental care. Among children with no regular source of dental care, there were statistically significantly higher proportions of Latinos, younger children, and families with an annual household income <$35,000.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the prevalence of oral mucosal disease and gingival enlargement was low, the prevalence of children with caries was high, and there was low use of preventive dental care. Strategies to improve this population's utilization of preventive dental care are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), Box 0422, Room S612, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0422, USA. caroline.shiboski@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Caroline H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Shiboski
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golinveaux
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tornabene
authors.forename: Sumathi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mathias
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Den Besten
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
mesh_terms: D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019140:Dental Care for Children / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017742:Dental Care for Chronically Ill / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003753:Dental Health Surveys; D005260:Female; D005885:Gingival Hyperplasia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D009909:Oral Health; D014180:Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data