title: MRI measures of temporoparietal regions show differential rates of atrophy during prodromal AD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MRI studies have demonstrated differential rates of atrophy in the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus during the prodromal phase of Alzheimer disease (AD). The current study was designed to determine whether a broader set of temporoparietal regions show differential rates of atrophy during the evolution of AD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen regions of interest (ROIs) were analyzed on MRI scans obtained at baseline and follow-up in 66 subjects comprising three groups: controls = individuals who were cognitively normal at both baseline and follow-up; nonconverters = subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at both baseline and follow-up; converters had MCI at baseline but had progressed to AD at follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Annualized percent change was analyzed with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), covaried for age. The MANOVA demonstrated an effect of group (p = 0.004). Post hoc comparisons demonstrated greater rates of atrophy for converters vs nonconverters for six ROIs: hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, temporal pole, middle temporal gyrus, fusiform gyrus, and inferior temporal gyrus. Converters showed differentially greater rates of atrophy than controls in five of the same ROIs (and inferior parietal lobule). Rates of change in clinical status were correlated with the atrophy rates in these regions. Comparisons between controls and nonconverters demonstrated no differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that temporoparietal regions show differential rates of atrophy on MRI during prodromal Alzheimer disease (AD). MRI data correlate with measures of clinical severity and cognitive decline, suggesting the potential of these regions of interest as antemortem markers of prodromal AD.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Desikan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fischl
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.forename: C R G
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Guttmann
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blacker
authors.forename: B T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Hyman
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Killiany
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001284:Atrophy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors