title: Gerbil middle-ear sound transmission from 100 Hz to 60 kHz.
abstract: Middle-ear sound transmission was evaluated as the middle-ear transfer admittance H(MY) (the ratio of stapes velocity to ear-canal sound pressure near the umbo) in gerbils during closed-field sound stimulation at frequencies from 0.1 to 60 kHz, a range that spans the gerbil's audiometric range. Similar measurements were performed in two laboratories. The H(MY) magnitude (a) increased with frequency below 1 kHz, (b) remained approximately constant with frequency from 5 to 35 kHz, and (c) decreased substantially from 35 to 50 kHz. The H(MY) phase increased linearly with frequency from 5 to 35 kHz, consistent with a 20-29 micros delay, and flattened at higher frequencies. Measurements from different directions showed that stapes motion is predominantly pistonlike except in a narrow frequency band around 10 kHz. Cochlear input impedance was estimated from H(MY) and previously-measured cochlear sound pressure. Results do not support the idea that the middle ear is a lossless matched transmission line. Results support the ideas that (1) middle-ear transmission is consistent with a mechanical transmission line or multiresonant network between 5 and 35 kHz and decreases at higher frequencies, (2) stapes motion is pistonlike over most of the gerbil auditory range, and (3) middle-ear transmission properties are a determinant of the audiogram.
authors.affiliation: Eaton-Peabody Laboratory, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. mikeravicz@meei.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ravicz
authors.forename: Nigel P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rosowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001489:Basilar Membrane / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001831:Body Temperature; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005849:Gerbillinae; D013016:Sound; D013199:Stapes / Q000033:anatomy & histology