title: hPMC2 is required for recruiting an ERbeta coactivator complex to mediate transcriptional upregulation of NQO1 and protection against oxidative DNA damage by tamoxifen.
abstract: In the presence of ERbeta, trans-hydroxytamoxifen (TOT) protects cells against 17beta-estradiol (E(2))-induced oxidative DNA damage (ODD) and this correlates with increased expression of the antioxidative enzyme quinone reductase (QR). Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism responsible for ERbeta-mediated protection against ODD. We observe constitutive interaction between ERbeta and the novel protein hPMC2. Using a combination of breast epithelial cell lines that are either positive or negative for ERalpha, we demonstrate TOT-dependent recruitment of both ERbeta and hPMC2 to the EpRE (electrophile response element)-regulated antioxidative enzyme QR. We further demonstrate TOT-dependent corecruitment of the coactivators Nrf2, PARP-1 (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1) and topoisomerase IIbeta, both in the presence and absence of ERalpha. However, absence of either ERbeta or hPMC2 results in nonrecruitment of PARP-1 and topoisomerase IIbeta, loss of antioxidative enzyme induction and attenuated protection against ODD by TOT even in the presence of Nrf2 and ERalpha. These findings indicate minor role for Nrf2 and ERalpha in TOT-dependent antioxidative gene regulation. However, downregulation of PARP-1 attenuates TOT-dependent antioxidative gene induction. We conclude that ERbeta and hPMC2 are required for TOT-dependent recruitment of coactivators such as PARP-1 to the EpRE resulting in the induction of antioxidative enzymes and subsequent protection against ODD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Sripathy
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chaplin
authors.forename: N W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Gaikwad
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Rogan
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Montano
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004249:DNA Damage; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements / Q000187:drug effects; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D013629:Tamoxifen; C016601:afimoxifene; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C447479:NQO1 protein, human; C499320:PARP1 protein, human; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II