title: Analysis of fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation after pancreaticoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas: results of a large, prospectively collected database at the Johns Hopkins Hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the efficacy of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC) in patients undergoing resection at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH; Baltimore, MD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between August 30, 1993, and February 28, 2005, a total of 908 patients underwent PD for PC at JHH. A prospective database was reviewed to determine which patients received fluorouracil (FU) -based CRT. Excluded patients had metastatic disease, died 60 or fewer days after PD, received preoperative therapy, an experimental vaccine, adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation alone. The final cohort includes 616 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median follow-up was 17.8 months (interquartile range, 9.7 to 33.5 months). Overall median survival was 17.9 months (95% CI, 16.3 to 19.5 months). Groups were similar with respect to tumor size, nodal status, and margin status, but the CRT group was younger (P < .001), and less likely to present with a severe comorbid disease (P = .001). Patients with carcinomas larger than 3 cm (P = .001), grade 3 and 4 (P < .001), margin-positive resection (P = .001), and complications after surgery (P = .017) had poor long-term survival. Patients receiving CRT experienced an improved median (21.2 v 14.4 months; P < .001), 2-year (43.9% v 31.9%), and 5-year (20.1% v 15.4%) survival compared with no CRT. After controlling for high-risk features, CRT was still associated with improved survival (relative risk = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.89).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that adjuvant concurrent FU-based CRT significantly improves survival after PD for PC when compared with patients not receiving CRT. These data support the use of combined adjuvant CRT for PC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology & Molecular Radiation Sciences, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. jherma15@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Swartz
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: Timothy M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Pawlik
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sugar
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Laheru
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaffee
authors.forename: Ralph H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Hruban
authors.forename: Kurtis A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wolfgang
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Asrari
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Donehower
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Schulick
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005472:Fluorouracil