title: Otitis externa: the analysis of relationship between particular signs/symptoms and species and genera of identified microorganisms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate a relationship between the etiological factor of external otitis and occurrence of particular signs/symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A special questionnaire was designed and completed by all patients covering personal details, medical history, results of otolaryngological examination and bacteriological and mycological investigations.
  
  
  METHODS
  249 patients of the Outpatient Department of Laryngology at the Regional Hospital in Bełchatów with symptoms of external otitis. For analysis of relationships between particular signs/symptoms and species/genera of microorganisms, statistical tests were used: chi2 test, chi2 test with Yate's modification, C-Pearson index, and Fisher exact test for very small samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There is a statistical dependence between discharge, hearing loss, swelling of skin, scant, dried discharge with fetid odour and bacteria isolated from the external ear canal. Similar dependence exists between pain, hearing loss, no smelly discharge or wet, black plug of fetid odour and fungi. Also there is a statistical dependence between pruritus, red skin and grey, fetid discharge and mixed flora.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some of symptoms and signs are connected with definite etiological factors which is important not only for correct diagnosis but also for institution of appropriate and effective treatment. On the basis of some characteristic symptoms and signs it is possible to make a tentative diagnosis as to the etiological pathogen responsible for external otitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Medical Parasitology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland. pkurnatowski@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kurnatowski
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Filipiak
mesh_terms: D001230:Aspergillus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D006801:Humans; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D010032:Otitis Externa / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011537:Pruritus / Q000209:etiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires