title: Miniaturized rotating disk intrinsic dissolution rate measurement: effects of buffer capacity in comparisons to traditional wood's apparatus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to investigate the feasibility of using a miniaturized disk intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) apparatus to determine the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) solubility class, and to develop an approach where IDR measurements performed in media of different buffer capacity could be compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  The disk IDR values of 14 model drugs were determined at 37 degrees C in US Pharmacopeia buffers at pH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8. As little as 5 mg of drug were compressed in a die, with surface area of 0.071 cm(2), with the die assembly rotated at 100 rpm in 10 mL media. Drug concentration was measured by an in situ fiber optic ultraviolet method. The solubilities and pK(a)s were determined, and used to simulate dissolution profiles with a convective-diffusion-with-chemical-reaction model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The disk IDR values spanned six orders of magnitude (0.00014 to 114 mg min(-1) cm(-2)). The comparison of the miniaturized disk IDR values to published results using traditional dissolution bath apparatus indicated r (2) = 0.99.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate that using 100-fold less drug does not sacrifice the quality of the measurement, and lends support to an earlier study Yu et al. (Int. J. Pharm. 270:221-227, 2004) that the disk IDR measurement may possibly serve as a surrogate for the BCS solubility classification.
authors.affiliation: PION INC, 5 Constitution Way, Woburn, Massachusetts 01801, USA. aavdeef@pion-inc.com
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avdeef
authors.forename: Oksana
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tsinman
mesh_terms: D001702:Biopharmaceutics / Q000145:classification*; D002021:Buffers; D004058:Diffusion; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007741:Labetalol / Q000737:chemistry; D010208:Papaverine / Q000737:chemistry; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000737:chemistry; D012399:Rotation; D012995:Solubility; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D010894:Piroxicam; D010208:Papaverine; D007741:Labetalol