title: An extracellular matrix scaffold for esophageal stricture prevention after circumferential EMR.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  EMR is an accepted treatment for early esophageal cancer and high-grade dysplasia. One of the limitations of this technique is that extensive mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection may be required to obtain complete removal of the neoplasm, which may result in significant stricture formation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy of an endoscopically deployed extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold material for prevention of esophageal stenosis after circumferential EMR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten mongrel dogs were subjected to surgical plane anesthesia and circumferential esophageal EMR by the cap technique. In 5 animals, an ECM scaffold material was endoscopically placed at the resection site; the remaining 5 animals were subjected to circumferential esophageal EMR without ECM placement. Follow-up endoscopy was performed at 4 and 8 weeks; necropsy with histologic assessment was performed at 8 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Circumferential esophageal EMR by the cap technique, followed by endoscopic placement of an ECM scaffold material.
  
  
  METHODS
  Degree of esophageal stricture and histologic assessment of remodeled esophageal tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 5 control dogs had endoscopic evidence of esophageal stenosis. Three required early euthanasia because of inability to tolerate oral intake. Incomplete epithelialization and inflammation persisted at the EMR site in control animals. Endoscopic placement of an ECM scaffold material prevented clinically significant esophageal stenosis in all animals. Histologic assessment showed near-normal esophageal tissue with a lack of inflammation or scar tissue at 8 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic placement of an ECM scaffold material prevented esophageal stricture formation after circumferential EMR in this canine model during short-term observation.
authors.affiliation: McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, USA.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nieponice
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Beckman
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Luketich
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Badylak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000601:surgery; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D004285:Dogs; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005109:Extracellular Matrix; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000601:surgery; D011182:Postoperative Care; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds