title: Automated resolution of dichlorvos and methylparaoxon pesticide mixtures employing a Flow Injection system with an inhibition electronic tongue.
abstract: An amperometric biosensor array has been developed to resolve pesticide mixtures of dichlorvos and methylparaoxon. The biosensor array has been used in a Flow Injection system, in order to operate automatically the inhibition procedure. The sensors used were three screen-printed amperometric biosensors that incorporated three different acetylcholinesterase enzymes: the wild type from Electric eel and two different genetically modified enzymes, B1 and B394 mutants, from Drosophila melanogaster. The inhibition response triplet was modelled using an Artificial Neural Network which was trained with mixture solutions that contain dichlorvos from 10(-4) to 0.1 microM and methylparaoxon from 0.001 to 2.5 microM. This system can be considered an inhibition electronic tongue.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Química Analítica, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, C.P. 09340, Mexico D.F., Mexico.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valdés-Ramírez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Valle
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Silva
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Marty
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000737:chemistry*; D032701:Biomimetics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000032:analysis; D004006:Dichlorvos / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004581:Electronics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010261:Paraoxon / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014059:Tongue
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D010575:Pesticides; D004006:Dichlorvos; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D010261:Paraoxon; C008480:methylparaoxon