title: Long-term efficacy and safety profile of lanthanum carbonate: results for up to 6 years of treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lanthanum carbonate (LC, FOSRENOL) is an effective phosphate binder for which tolerability and a safety profile have been reported in haemodialysis patients. Patients from previous studies entered a 2-year extension, enabling assessment of efficacy and safety for up to 6 years of LC monotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients from four previous trials entered this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-three patients started the extension, with 22 entering a sixth year of LC treatment. Two-thirds of all patients received LC doses of 2,250 or 3,000 mg/day. Reductions in serum phosphate and calcium x phosphate product were maintained for up to 6 years. There were no new or unexpected adverse events (AEs), and no increase in the incidence of events with increasing treatment exposure. Over the complete duration of therapy, treatment-related AEs occurred in 25.8% of patients and were primarily gastrointestinal in nature. No clinically relevant changes in liver function tests were observed and there was no evidence of adverse effects on the liver, bone or the central nervous system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LC monotherapy was effective and well tolerated for up to 6 years with no evidence of safety concerns or increased frequency of AEs.
authors.affiliation: Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK. alastair.hutchison@cmmc.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Alastair J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hutchison
authors.forename: M Edwina
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Rolfdieter
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Jonathan T C
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: Ghodrat A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Siami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D054559:Hyperphosphatemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D010758:Phosphorus; C119467:lanthanum carbonate; D007811:Lanthanum