title: [Effect of head elevation on intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, and regional cerebral oxygen saturation in patients with cerebral hemorrhage].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects on cerebral dynamics and regional oxygenation (rSO2) of the semi-sitting position, with the head at either 30 degrees or 45 degrees, in surgery for cerebral hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a prospective study of 10 patients undergoing surgery for cerebral hemorrhage under sedation and analgesia and with mechanical ventilation. Intracranial pressure (ICP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), and rSO2 measured using near-infrared spectroscopy were recorded with the head in the supine position (0 degrees) and elevated to an angle of 30 degrees and then 45 degrees, following a stabilization period of 5 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) ICP values were significantly lower in both semi-sitting positions than in the supine position: 2.8 (1.4) mm Hg lower at 30 degrees and 4.4 (1.4) mm Hg lower at 45 degrees. Mean CPP values were fell slightly when the head was elevated to 30 degrees (3.5 [3.1] mm Hg, P=.048); a greater reduction was achieved when the head was elevated 45 degrees (7.1 [4.8] mm Hg, P<.01). The greatest reduction in mean MAP values also occurred with the head elevated to 45 degrees (11.8 [4.6] mm Hg, P<.001). Mean rSO2 values fell when the head was elevated to 30 degrees and 45 degrees; the greatest reduction occurred when the head was elevated to 45 degrees (7% [2%], P<.001). There was a moderate correlation between CPP values and changes in rSO2 (r2=0.45, P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Head elevation significantly reduces ICP and CPP in patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Head elevation also reduces rSO2, to a greater or lesser extent depending on the degree to which the head is elevated.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia. joapal@ono.com
authors.forename: J Hernández
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Palazón
authors.forename: P Doménech
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Asensi
authors.forename: S Burguillos
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: F Pérez
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Bautista
authors.forename: A García
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Candel
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006257:Head; D006801:Humans; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen