title: Self-setting bioactive calcium-magnesium phosphate cement with high strength and degradability for bone regeneration.
abstract: Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been successfully used in clinics as bone repair biomaterial for many years. However, poor mechanical properties and a low biodegradation rate limit any further applications. Magnesium phosphate cement (MPC) is characterized by fast setting, high initial strength and relatively rapid degradation in vivo. In this study, MPC was combined with CPC to develop novel calcium-magnesium phosphate cement (CMPC). The setting time, compressive strength, phase composition of hardened cement, degradation in vitro, cells responses in vitro by MG-63 cell culture and tissue responses in vivo by implantation of CMPC in bone defect of rabbits were investigated. The results show that CMPC has a shorter setting time and markedly better mechanical properties than either CPC or MPC. Moreover, CMPC showed significantly improved degradability compared to CPC in simulated body fluid. Cell culture results indicate that CMPC is biocompatible and could support cell attachment and proliferation. To investigate the in vivo biocompatibility and osteogenesis, the CMPC samples were implanted into bone defects in rabbits. Histological evaluation showed that the introduction of MPC into CPC enhanced the efficiency of new bone formation. CMPC also exhibited good biocompatibility, biodegradability and osteoconductivity with host bone in vivo. The results obtained suggest that CMPC, having met the basic requirements of bone tissue engineering, might have a significant clinical advantage over CPC, and may have the potential to be applied in orthopedic, reconstructive and maxillofacial surgery.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Fangping
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Changsheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D001826:Body Fluids; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D019245:Compressive Strength; D006801:Humans; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D011817:Rabbits; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; C030781:magnesium phosphate; C020243:calcium phosphate