title: A novel Sartan derivative with very low angiotensin II type 1 receptor affinity protects the kidney in type 2 diabetic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antihypertensive angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) protect the kidney, at least in part, independently of blood pressure lowering. Still, the extent to which blood pressure lowering is related to renoprotection remains unclear.
  
  
  RESULTS
  139 newly synthesized ARB-derivatives were assayed for inhibition of advanced glycation (AGEs). The 9 most powerful compounds were then tested for transition metal chelation, angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) affinity, and pharmacokinetic parameters. R-147176 was eventually selected as it strongly inhibits advanced glycation but is 6700 times less effective than olmesartan in AT1R binding. It is orally bioavailable and toxicologically safe. Despite a minimal blood pressure lowering effect, it provides significant renoprotection in 3 experimental rat models with renal injury, ie, obese, hypertensive, type 2 diabetic rats (SHR/NDmcr-cp), normotensive type 2 diabetic rats (Zucker diabetic fatty), and remnant kidney rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  R-147176 retains renal protective properties despite a minimal blood pressure-lowering effect. Clearly, the renal benefits of ARBs do not necessarily depend on blood pressure lowering and AT1R affinity, but rather on the inhibition of AGEs and oxidative stress inherent to their chemical structure. R-147176 opens new avenues in the treatment of cardiovascular and kidney diseases.
authors.affiliation: Center for Translational and Advanced Research, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izuhara
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sada
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanagisawa
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtomo
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dan
authors.forename: Sadayoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Masaomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nangaku
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Ypersele de Strihou
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyata
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002614:Chelating Agents; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007093:Imidazoles; C532154:R 147176; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D045162:Thiazolidinediones