title: A gene-specific cerebral types 1, 2, and 3 RyR protein knockdown induces an antidepressant-like effect in mice.
abstract: Elevation of baseline intracellular calcium levels was observed in platelets or lymphoblasts of patients with bipolar affective disorders suggesting an altered intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis in the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The role of supraspinal endoplasmic ryanodine receptors (RyRs), which allow mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) stores, in the modulation of depressive states was, then, investigated. Ryanodine and FK506 reduced the immobility time in the mouse forced swimming test showing an antidepressant-like profile comparable with that produced by amitriptyline and clomipramine. We generated types 1, 2, and 3 RyR knockdown mice by using selective antisense oligonucleotides (aODN) to investigate the role of each RyR isoform. A gene-specific cerebral RyR protein level reduction in knockdown animals was demonstrated by immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemical experiments. Repeated intracerebroventricular administration of aODNs complementary to the sequence of the types 1, 2, or 3 RyR produced an antidepressant-like response in the forced swimming test. The aODN-induced reduction of immobility time was temporary and reversible and did not impair motor coordination, spontaneous mobility, and exploratory activity. These findings identify cerebral RyRs as critical targets underlying depressive states and should facilitate the comprehension of the pathophysiology of mood disorders and help developing of new therapeutical strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, Viale G. Pieraccini, Florence, Italy. nicoletta.galeotti@unifi.it
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Galeotti
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vivoli
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bartolini
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ghelardini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D012433:Ryanodine; D016559:Tacrolimus