title: Stromal-cell-derived factor 1alpha /CXCL12 modulates high-threshold calcium currents in rat substantia nigra.
abstract: Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra constitutively express the CXCR4 receptor for the chemokine stromal-cell-derived factor 1alpha (CXCL12) but, to date, no direct effect of CXCR4 activation by CXCL12 on membrane conductance of dopaminergic neurons has been demonstrated. We tested the effects of CXCL12 on whole-cell currents of dopaminergic neurons recorded in patch clamp in substantia nigra slices and showed that CXCL12 (0.01-10 nm) increased the amplitude of total high-voltage-activated (HVA) Ca currents through CXCR4 activation. This effect was reversibly reduced by varpi-conotoxin-GVIA, suggesting that CXCL12 acted on N-type Ca currents, known to be involved in dopamine (DA) release. We therefore investigated the effects of CXCL12 on DA release from cultured dopaminergic neurons from the rat mesencephalon. In basal conditions, CXCL12 alone had no effect on DA release. When neurons were depolarized with KCl (20 mm), and thus when HVA Ca currents were activated, low CXCL12 concentrations (1-50 nm) increased DA release via CXCR4 stimulation. These data strongly suggest that the chemokine CXCL12 can act directly as a neuromodulator of dopaminergic neuronal electrical activity through the modulation of HVA currents.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UNSA-CNRS UMR 6097, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France. alice.guyon@ipmc.cnrs.fr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guyon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Skrzydelski
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rovère
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Apartis
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rostène
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kitabgi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mélik Parsadaniantz
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nahon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020916:Conotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D020916:Conotoxins; C113586:alpha-conotoxin GVIIIA; D004298:Dopamine