title: Reversal of compromised bonding in bleached enamel using antioxidant gel.
abstract: Many studies have shown a considerable reduction in the enamel bond strength of resin composite restorations when the bonding procedure is carried out immediately after bleaching. These studies claim that a certain waiting period is needed prior to performing the restoration in order to attain the original bond strength values. This study determined the most effective time duration for the application of sodium ascorbate prepared in gel form. The labial surfaces of 70 bovine incisors were polished with 600-grit silicon carbide paper on a water-irrigated metallurgical polishing wheel. The specimens were randomly divided into seven groups: 1) bleaching (10% Rembrandt Xtra-Comfort +) immersed in artificial saliva for seven days, 2) bonded immediately after bleaching, 3) bleaching + 10% sodium ascorbate (SA) gel for 10 minutes, 4) bleaching + 10% SA gel for 60 minutes, 5) bleaching + 10% SA gel for 120 minutes, 6) bleaching + 10% SA gel for 240 minutes and 7) bleaching + 10% SA gel for 480 minutes. After preparation, a standard-shaped resin composite was applied to all specimens. The teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours and a universal testing machine determined their shear bond strength. The data were evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey tests. Antioxidant gel proved to be effective for increasing the shear bond strength of the resin composite to enamel. For maximum effectiveness, antioxidant gel should be applied to enamel for at least 60 minutes. As the application period of the antioxidant increased, the bond strength of the composite on enamel tissue also increased. The increase noticed in Groups 5, 6 and 7 was statistically significant (p<0.05). Application of the antioxidant gel by the patient shortens the time spent in the clinic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Ege University, School of Dentistry, Izmir, Turkey. draysegulkaya@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Aysegül Demirbas
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Türkün
authors.forename: Mesut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arici
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D005782:Gels; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D016877:Oxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C112828:Clearfil AP-X; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D005782:Gels; D008689:Methacrylates; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D019279:Resin Cements; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C529988:rembrant xtra comfort; D014867:Water; D001205:Ascorbic Acid