title: Efficient genetic method for establishing Drosophila cell lines unlocks the potential to create lines of specific genotypes.
abstract: Analysis of cells in culture has made substantial contributions to biological research. The versatility and scale of in vitro manipulation and new applications such as high-throughput gene silencing screens ensure the continued importance of cell-culture studies. In comparison to mammalian systems, Drosophila cell culture is underdeveloped, primarily because there is no general genetic method for deriving new cell lines. Here we found expression of the conserved oncogene Ras(V12) (a constitutively activated form of Ras) profoundly influences the development of primary cultures derived from embryos. The cultures become confluent in about three weeks and can be passaged with great success. The lines have undergone more than 90 population doublings and therefore constitute continuous cell lines. Most lines are composed of spindle-shaped cells of mesodermal type. We tested the use of the method for deriving Drosophila cell lines of a specific genotype by establishing cultures from embryos in which the warts (wts) tumor suppressor gene was targeted. We successfully created several cell lines and found that these differ from controls because they are primarily polyploid. This phenotype likely reflects the known role for the mammalian wts counterparts in the tetraploidy checkpoint. We conclude that expression of Ras(V12) is a powerful genetic mechanism to promote proliferation in Drosophila primary culture cells and serves as an efficient means to generate continuous cell lines of a given genotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America. simcox.1@osu.edu
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simcox
authors.forename: Sayan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Truesdell
authors.forename: Litty
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Butchar
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Justiniano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002460:Cell Line / Q000145:classification; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004330:Drosophila / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005838:Genotype; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D015689:Oncogene Protein p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D011494:Protein Kinases; C093503:wts protein, Drosophila; D015689:Oncogene Protein p21(ras)