title: Isolated limb perfusion with tumor necrosis factor and melphalan for non-resectable soft tissue sarcomas: long-term results on efficacy and limb salvage in a selected group of patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Isolated limb perfusion with TNF-alpha and melphalan (TM-ILP) is a limb salvage therapy for non-resectable soft tissue sarcomas (STS) of the extremities. It is indicated for patients for whom amputation or debilitating surgery is the only alternative. It can be used either as an exclusive therapy (in palliation) or as a neo-adjuvant treatment, followed by marginal resection of tumor remnants with minimal functional impairment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between February 1992 and March 2006, 57 TM-ILPs were performed on 51 patients with 88% high grade and 84% advanced stage tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean follow-up is 38.9 months (4-159, median 22 months). Twenty-one percent patients had significant early complications, with 3 major re-operations, and 23% suffered long-lasting complications. Complete response was observed in 25%, partial response in 42%, stable disease in 14% and progressive disease in 14%. Resection of the tumor remnants was possible in 65%. A complementary treatment was necessary in 31%, mostly radiation therapy. A local recurrence was observed in 35%, after a mean of 20.3 months (2-78), and distant relapse was seen in 45%, after a mean of 13.4 months (5-196). Mean Disease-free survival was 14.9 months, and overall 5-year-survival 43.5%. Amputation rate at 5 years was 24%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TM-ILP is a conservative treatment with a high complications rate, but it can be successful even for the most severe STS of extremities. As a consequence the limb can be spared from amputation or debilitating surgery on the long term in about 75% of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. stephane.cherix@chuv.ch
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cherix
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Speiser
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matter
authors.forename: Wassim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Raffoul
authors.forename: Danièle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liénard
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Theumann
authors.forename: Elyazid
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mouhsine
authors.forename: René-Olivier
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Mirimanoff
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leyvraz
authors.forename: Ferdy J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Lejeune
authors.forename: Pierre-François
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Leyvraz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010478:Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D023821:Limb Salvage; D008297:Male; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012074:Remission Induction; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008558:Melphalan