title: Multicenter survey of emergency physician management and referral for hyperglycemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Emergency Department (ED), with its high-risk and often disenfranchised patient population, presents a novel opportunity to identify patients as having undiagnosed or uncontrolled diabetes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate Emergency Physician opinion on management and referral for incidental hyperglycemia and on ED-based diabetes screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a web-based survey of all attending and resident Emergency Physicians at three academic EDs. We asked for glucose thresholds to treat and refer non-diabetic and diabetic ED patients for hyperglycemia, comparing physicians' ideal and actual practices. We also inquired about interest in and barriers for active ED-based diabetes screening compared to use of blood glucose values obtained during usual ED care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We contacted 185 physicians, and 152 (85%) completed the survey; 75% of respondents reported routine outpatient referral of non-diabetic patients for random glucose values >or= 200 mg/dL. However, a majority (71%) believed that they should use a lower threshold to refer than they currently use. Nearly all (92%) agreed that Emergency Physicians should inform non-diabetic patients of elevated glucose values; 53% supported and 21% opposed active ED-based screening of asymptomatic patients. The most commonly cited barriers were limited follow-up (69%), insufficient time/resources (51%), and outside scope of practice (36%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emergency Physicians support improved recognition of and referral for hyperglycemia, based on glucose values collected during usual ED care. We plan to develop tools to interpret random ED glucose values in the context of undiagnosed and uncontrolled diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. adit.ginde@ucdenver.edu
authors.forename: Adit A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ginde
authors.forename: Kate E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Delaney
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Pallin
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Camargo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D010820:Physicians; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose