title: Imatinib mesylate treatment of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effectiveness of imatinib mesylate in the treatment of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease and NSF were treated with oral imatinib mesylate at a dosage of 400 mg/day. Skin thickening and tethering were assessed using the modified Rodnan skin thickness score (MRSS), and knee joint flexion contractures were measured with a goniometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each patient displayed progressive reduction of skin thickening and tethering, with a steady decrease in the MRSS, following the initiation of imatinib mesylate treatment. The patient who had knee joint contractures achieved increased knee extension with passive range-of-motion exercises once his skin thickening and tethering had begun to decrease. Within weeks of stopping imatinib mesylate, the skin changes recurred in each patient. Recurrent skin thickening and tethering again improved in the patient who resumed taking imatinib mesylate for longer than 2 weeks. Skin biopsies performed both before and after initial dosing of that patient revealed less fibrosis and less staining for type I procollagen after imatinib mesylate treatment, but essentially unchanged tissue gadolinium content.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Imatinib mesylate treatment decreases fibrosis and results in the relatively rapid and steady improvement of skin changes and knee joint contractures in patients with stage 5 chronic kidney disease and NSF, despite the persistence of gadolinium in the tissues. Because skin changes recurred after discontinuation of imatinib mesylate, the duration for which treatment may be required is undetermined.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA. jkay@partners.org
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: Whitney A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: High
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001549:Benzamides; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate