title: Drug-free remission, functioning and radiographic damage after 4 years of response-driven treatment in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the occurrence of drug-free remission, functional ability and radiological damage after 4 years of response-driven treatment according to four different treatment strategies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with recent-onset, active RA (n = 508) were randomly assigned to four different treatment strategies: (1) sequential monotherapy; (2) step-up combination therapy; (3) initial combination therapy with prednisone and (4) initial combination therapy with infliximab. Treatment was adjusted based on 3-monthly disease activity score (DAS) assessments, aiming at a DAS < or =2.4. From the third year, patients with a sustained DAS <1.6 discontinued treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 43% of patients were in remission (DAS <1.6) at 4 years and 13% were in drug-free remission: 14%, 12%, 8% and 18% of patients in groups 1-4, respectively. The absence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, male gender and short symptom duration were independently associated with drug-free remission. Functional ability and remission were maintained in all four groups with the continuation of DAS-driven treatment, without significant differences between the groups. Significant progression of joint damage was observed in 38% and 31% of patients in groups 3 and 4 versus 51% and 54% of patients in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05, group 4 versus groups 1 and 2, group 3 versus group 2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with recent-onset active RA, drug-free remission was achieved in up to 18% of patients. DAS-driven treatment maintained clinical and functional improvement, independent of the treatment strategy. Joint damage progression remained significantly lower after initial combination therapy compared with initial monotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands. smvanderkooij@lumc.nl
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: van der Kooij
authors.forename: Y P M
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Goekoop-Ruiterman
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: de Vries-Bouwstra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Güler-Yüksel
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zwinderman
authors.forename: P J S M
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kerstens
authors.forename: P A H M
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: van der Lubbe
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: de Beus
authors.forename: B A M
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Grillet
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ronday
authors.forename: T W J
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Huizinga
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Breedveld
authors.forename: B A C
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Dijkmans
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Allaart
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001175:Arthrography; D018450:Disease Progression; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D007596:Joints / Q000503:physiopathology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012074:Remission Induction; D012460:Sulfasalazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D012460:Sulfasalazine; D000069285:Infliximab; D011241:Prednisone; D008727:Methotrexate