title: A double blind, randomized, placebo controlled study of the efficacy and safety of 5-Loxin for treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  5-Loxin is a novel Boswellia serrata extract enriched with 30% 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA), which exhibits potential anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme. A 90-day, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5-Loxin in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five OA patients were included in the study. The patients received either 100 mg (n = 25) or 250 mg (n = 25) of 5-Loxin daily or a placebo (n = 25) for 90 days. Each patient was evaluated for pain and physical functions by using the standard tools (visual analog scale, Lequesne's Functional Index, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) at the baseline (day 0), and at days 7, 30, 60 and 90. Additionally, the cartilage degrading enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-3 was also evaluated in synovial fluid from OA patients. Measurement of a battery of biochemical parameters in serum and haematological parameters, and urine analysis were performed to evaluate the safety of 5-Loxin in OA patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy patients completed the study. At the end of the study, both doses of 5-Loxin conferred clinically and statistically significant improvements in pain scores and physical function scores in OA patients. Interestingly, significant improvements in pain score and functional ability were recorded in the treatment group supplemented with 250 mg 5-Loxin as early as 7 days after the start of treatment. Corroborating the improvements in pain scores in treatment groups, we also noted significant reduction in synovial fluid matrix metalloproteinase-3. In comparison with placebo, the safety parameters were almost unchanged in the treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  5-Loxin reduces pain and improves physical functioning significantly in OA patients; and it is safe for human consumption. 5-Loxin may exert its beneficial effects by controlling inflammatory responses through reducing proinflammatory modulators, and it may improve joint health by reducing the enzymatic degradation of cartilage in OA patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  (
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN05212803.).
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Biology Division, Laila Impex R&D Center, Jawahar Autonagar, Vijayawada, India.
authors.forename: Krishanu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sengupta
authors.forename: Krishnaraju V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Alluri
authors.forename: Andey Rama
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Satish
authors.forename: Simanchala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Trimurtulu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Golakoti
authors.forename: Kadainti Vs
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Sarma
authors.forename: Dipak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.forename: Siba P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Raychaudhuri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029743:Boswellia; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C534870:5-Loxin; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3