title: Airway bypass improves the mechanical properties of explanted emphysematous lungs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  By creating artificial communications through bronchial walls into the parenchyma of explanted lungs (airway bypass), we expect to decrease the amount of gas trapped and to increase the rate and volume of air expelled during forced expirations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the mechanism by which airway bypass improves the mechanical properties of the emphysematous lung.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lung compartments and mechanics were measured before and after airway bypass, which was created by placement of three or four stent-supported fenestrations in 10 emphysematous lungs removed at transplantation surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minimal volume after passive deflation decreased by a mean of 1.54 L (range, 0.7-2.5 L) or 60% (range, 37-86%). Explanted VC increased by 1.30 L or 132% (range, 78-318%). Maximal expiratory flows and volumes increased. Flow resistance decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because these data show that airway bypass improves the mechanics of breathing in severely emphysematous lungs in vitro, there is now strong empirical support that this procedure can improve ventilatory function in patients by reducing gas trapping and flow resistance.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Cliff K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Choong
authors.forename: Peter T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Macklem
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Lutey
authors.forename: Carlo O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Joel D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D001980:Bronchi / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016040:Lung Transplantation; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D015607:Stents