title: In vitro and in vivo activity of aurintricarboxylic acid preparations against Cryptosporidium parvum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the effect of commercial aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) against Cryptosporidium parvum.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anticryptosporidial effect of ATA was evaluated in vitro using cell culture and double fluorogenic staining, and in vivo in experimentally infected neonatal C57BL/6 mice. Mice were orally treated for 9 consecutive days starting on the day of infection with daily ATA doses of 50 and 100 micromol/kg. Paromomycin (100 mg/kg) was used as a positive control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both in vitro models, ATA at concentrations of 100 and 10 micromol/L completely inhibited sporozoites within 10 and 60 min, respectively. Viability of oocysts exposed to 100 micromol/L and assessed by flow cytometry and in cell culture was reduced by 65% and 61%, respectively. The treatment of neonatal mice with a daily ATA dose of 100 micromol/kg led to 97-99% inhibition of infection without any observable negative effects on the animals. In comparison, the mean reduction of infection for paromomycin was 79-84%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ATA exerted high anticryptosporidial activity and should be considered for further study.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Science, Praha 10, Uhrineves, Czech Republic. pavel.klein@seznam.cz
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cirioni
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacometti
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scalise
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001312:Aurintricarboxylic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002452:Cell Count; D002470:Cell Survival; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D001312:Aurintricarboxylic Acid