title: The actual incidence of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Brazil may not be as high as inferred--an estimate based on a public neonatal screening program in the state of Goiás.
abstract: The incidence of 21-hydroxylase deficiency (CYP21 D) congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in Brazil is purportedly one of the highest in the world (1:7,533). However, this information is not based on official data. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of CYP21 D CAH in the state of Goiás, Brazil, based on the 2005 results of government-funded mandatory screening. Of the live births during this period, 92.95% were screened by heel-prick capillary 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP). Of these, 82,343 were normal, 28 were at high risk for CAH and 232 at low risk for CAH. Eight cases, all from the high risk group, were confirmed. Eight asymptomatic children at 6-18 months of age still have high 17-OHP levels and await diagnostic definition. Based on the number of confirmed CYP21 D CAH cases among the 82,603 screened, the estimated annual incidence of the disease was 1:10,325, lower than the previously reported rate in Brazil.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil.
authors.forename: Elizabeth Lemos
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.forename: Eliane Pereira
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Tânia A S
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Bachega
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: van der Linden Nader
authors.forename: Jorge Luiz
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Regina Helena
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Elnecave
mesh_terms: D019326:17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone / Q000097:blood; D000312:Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013255:Steroid 21-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019326:17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone; D013255:Steroid 21-Hydroxylase