Histone deacetylase inhibitors augment antitumor efficacy of herpes-based oncolytic viruses.
Replication-conditional (oncolytic) mutants of herpes simplex virus (HSV), are considered promising therapeutic alternatives for human malignancies, and chemotherapeutic adjuvants are increasingly sought to augment their efficacy. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are a new class of antineoplastic agents because of their potent activity in growth arrest, differentiation, and apoptotic death of cancer cells. The ability of the HDAC inhibitors to upregulate exogenous transgene expression and inhibit interferon (IFN) responses prompted our exploration of their use in improving the antitumor efficacy of oncolytic HSV. We discovered that the yield of viral progeny increased significantly when cultured glioma cells were treated with HDAC inhibitors before viral infection. Valproic acid (VPA), a commonly used antiepileptic agent with HDAC inhibitory activity, proved most effective when used to treat glioma cells before viral infection, but not concomitantly with viral infection. Pretreatment with VPA inhibited the induction of several IFN-responsive antiviral genes, augmented the transcriptional level of viral genes, and improved viral propagation, even in the presence of type I IFNs. Moreover, VPA pretreatment improved the propagation and therapeutic efficacy of oncolytic HSV in a human glioma xenograft model in vivo. These findings indicate that HDAC inhibitors can improve the efficacy of tumor virotherapies.
Otsuki
Akihiro
A
Dardinger Laboratory for Neuro-oncology and Neurosciences, Department of Neurological Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center and James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio, 43210 USA.
Patel
Ankita
A
Kasai
Kazue
K
Suzuki
Masataka
M
Kurozumi
Kazuhiko
K
Chiocca
E Antonio
EA
Saeki
Yoshinaga
Y
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D002087:Butyrates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D050504:Oncolytic Viruses; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002087:Butyrates; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014635:Valproic Acid; D016899:Interferon-beta; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a