title: Synergistic effect of gene-electro transfer and adjuvant cytokines in increasing the potency of hepatitis C virus genetic vaccination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gene electro-transfer (GET) increases DNA uptake and expression by muscle cells following intramuscular plasmid injection. This technology has been used to increase the production of therapeutic proteins, such as cytokines and growth factors, and to improve immunization efficiency following the injection of antigen-encoding plasmids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hepatitis C virus (HCV) E2 and cytokine encoding plasmids were co-injected in the mouse quadriceps with or without GET and vaccination outcome was monitored by analysis of antigen-specific cellular-mediated or antibody-mediated immunity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GET co-injection of cytokine-encoding and HCV E2-encoding plasmids strongly enhanced T- or B-cell responses to various levels, depending on the particular combination used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose that a cocktail of plasmids followed by GET can be the most efficient and fine-tunable approach for genetic immunization.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare P. Angeletti (IRBM), Pomezia, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arcuri
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cappelletti
authors.forename: Immacolata
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zampaglione
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aurisicchio
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicosia
authors.forename: Gennaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ciliberto
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fattori
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D018274:Electroporation; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018936:Hepatitis C Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D007372:Interferons / Q000235:genetics; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016207:Cytokines; D018936:Hepatitis C Antigens; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007372:Interferons