title: Results by motor cortex stimulation in treatment of focal dystonia, Parkinson's disease and post-ictal spasticity. The experience of the Italian Study Group of the Italian Neurosurgical Society.
abstract: Extradural motor cortex stimulation has been employed in cases of Parkinson's disease (PD), fixed dystonia (FD) and spastic hemiparesis (SH) following cerebral stroke. Symptoms of PD are improved by EMCS: results were evaluated on the basis of the UPDRS and statistically analysed. In PD EMCS is less efficacious than bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN) stimulation, but it may be safely employed in patients not eligible for deep brain stimulation (DBS). The most rewarding effect is the improvement, in severely affected patients, of posture and gait. FD, unresponsive to bilateral pallidal stimulation, has been relieved by EDMS. In SH reduction of spasticiy by EMCS allows improvement of the motor function.
authors.affiliation: carloalberto.pagni@fastwebnet.it
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pagni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albanese
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bentivoglio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Broggi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Canavero
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cioni
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Simone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franzini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lavano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Landi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meglio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modugno
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Romanelli
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Romito
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sturiale
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Valzania
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeme
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zenga
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000628:therapy*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome