title: Mechanisms and implications of adaptive immune responses after traumatic spinal cord injury.
abstract: Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) in mammals causes widespread glial activation and recruitment to the CNS of innate (e.g. neutrophils, monocytes) and adaptive (e.g. T and B lymphocytes) immune cells. To date, most studies have sought to understand or manipulate the post-traumatic functions of astrocytes, microglia, neutrophils or monocytes. Significantly less is known about the consequences of SCI-induced lymphocyte activation. Yet, emerging data suggest that T and B cells are activated by SCI and play significant roles in shaping post-traumatic inflammation and downstream cascades of neurodegeneration and repair. Here, we provide neurobiologists with a timely review of the mechanisms and implications of SCI-induced lymphocyte activation, including a discussion of different experimental strategies that have been designed to manipulate lymphocyte function for therapeutic gain.
authors.affiliation: Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Biomedical Research Tower-Room 786, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Ankeny
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Popovich
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D009187:Myelitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000276:immunology; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000276:immunology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology