title: Characterization of in vivo metabolites of toad venom using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: The structures of in vivo metabolites of marinobufotoxin (marinobufagin 3-suberoylarginine ester), marinobufagin, or bufalin which are typical components of toad venom widely used as the traditional Chinese drug, Ch'an Su, are confirmed using authentic samples based on their liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric behavior. A rat is orally administered 2 mg of the previously mentioned components of toad venom, the serum is collected 30 min after the administration, extracted, and then characterized. Marinobufotoxin is hydrolyzed and further epimerized into 3-epimarinobufagin, but marinobufagin 3-hemisuberate is not detected. After the administration of marinobufagin, 3-epimarinobufagin is detected in both the male and female rats, but marinobufagin 3-sulfate is formed only in the female rats. Bufalin is metabolized to 3-epibufalin, which is found to undergo further conjugation resulting in its 3-glucuronide. Furthermore, 3-epibufalin 3-sulfate is formed only in the female rats.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshimichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyashiro
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Kazutake
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000664:Amphibian Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002025:Bufonidae; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D000664:Amphibian Venoms