title: Interaction between Calpain 5, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta genes: a polygenic approach to obesity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity is a multifactorial disorder, that is, a disease determined by the combined effect of genes and environment. In this context, polygenic approaches are needed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possibility of the existence of a crosstalk between the CALPAIN 10 homologue CALPAIN 5 and nuclear receptors of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors family.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, genetic association study and gene-gene interaction analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study sample comprise 1953 individuals, 725 obese (defined as body mass index > or = 30) and 1228 non obese subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the monogenic analysis, only the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) gene was associated with obesity (OR = 1.43 [1.04-1.97], p = 0.027). In addition, we have found a significant interaction between CAPN5 and PPARD genes (p = 0.038) that reduces the risk for obesity in a 55%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that CAPN5 and PPARD gene products may also interact in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genómica Estructural, Neocodex, C/.,Charles Darwin 6, Acc. A, 41092, Sevilla, Spain. mesaez@neocodex.es
authors.forename: María E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sáez
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grilo
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Morón
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manzano
authors.forename: María T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Martínez-Larrad
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Pérez
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serrano-Hernando
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Reposo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Lorca
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serrano-Ríos
mesh_terms: D002154:Calpain / Q000235:genetics*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000235:genetics*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D047494:PPAR delta; D047495:PPAR gamma; D002154:Calpain; C494426:Capn5 protein, human