[Toxic effects of Hg2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ on cell membrane system of Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray].
By the observation with electron- and confocal laser scanning microscopy and the determination of physiological and biochemical reactions, the toxic effects of Hg2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ on the cell membrane system of Cabomba caroliniana A. Gray were investigated. The results showed that under the actions of the three heavy metal ions, the contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in C. caroliniana leaf cells increased, activities of protective enzymes were in disorder, and lipid peroxidation happened. The cell membrane was damaged, membrane permeability increased, and plasmolysis occurred. Meanwhile, the chloroplast swelled or even disintegrated. The excitement of photosynthetic pigments on thylakoids membrane by light was inhibited, and the auto-fluoresent intensity was decreased. The cristae of mitochondria swelled and decreased, mitochondria membrane was damaged, and nuclear membrane was broken. The effects of Hg2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ on the cell membrane system of C. caroliniana showed a definite dose-effect correlation, and the stability of membrane system played a key role in the resistance of C. caroliniana to the toxic effects of heavy metals. C. caroliniana was sensitive to Hg2+, and the lethal concentration of Hg2+ was ranged from 0.3 to 0.5 mg L(-1). C. caroliniana had relatively higher endurance to Cd2+ and Cu2+, and could be used as the resistant plant for biological control.
Gu
Wei
W
College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China. guwei9926@yahoo.com.cn
Shi
Guo-Xin
GX
Chao
Jian-Guo
JG
Wu
Qi-Nan
QN
Zhang
Chao-Ying
CY
Du
Kai-He
KH
Xu
Qin-Song
QS
D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008628:Mercury / Q000633:toxicity; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D003300:Copper; D008628:Mercury