title: The effects of cannabis abuse on the symptoms of schizophrenia: patient perspectives.
abstract: This study explored explanatory models used by individuals with schizophrenia in relation to continuing cannabis abuse. Cannabis is known to exacerbate positive symptoms, compound the effects of negative symptoms, and lead to relapse, having a negative effect upon quality of life. If this is so, why would people choose to continue the drug use? Most previous studies exploring this phenomenon have used quantitative methodology where the questions asked have been preset by the researchers and the subjective experience of the patient has been minimized. Qualitative methodology was utilized in this study in order to give voice to the patients' perspectives, and contribute to the knowledge of the frameworks of meanings employed by patients. The majority of participants in this study did not perceive that they had a mental illness and they held strong beliefs regarding the usefulness of cannabis. They gave explanations for their continuing cannabis use that expanded the understanding from previous studies. These included that they sought the drug effects of cannabis use for clarity of voices, control of symptoms, to feel normal, perceived improvement in cognitive function, reduced psychological pain and increased energy. These beliefs may influence a person's adherence with treatment and their future cannabis use. This research has implications for clinical practice as clinicians may lack insight into the importance of the phenomenological beliefs of a person with schizophrenia. This lack of insight by the clinician into the phenomenological beliefs may impact on the development of a therapeutic relationship.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. bill.costain@flinders.edu.au
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Costain
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D016294:Models, Nursing; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013850:Thinking