title: From efficacy to effectiveness: the trajectory of the treatment literature for children with PTSD.
abstract: This review summarizes efficacious treatments for preschoolers, children and adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder, with a focus on the advances made within the last 5 years. There is considerable support for the use of trauma-specific cognitive-behavioral interventions, in both individual and group formats. The research on psychopharmacological treatments lags behind that of psychotherapy and is currently inconclusive. Limitations of the studies are discussed and treatments that warrant further consideration are reviewed. The authors also review current advances in effectiveness and suggest future directions that are important in generalizing the interventions to underserved and hard to reach populations. The article concludes with the authors' projections for the evolution of the field within the upcoming 5 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Marillac Hall, Rm 409, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA. vnikulina@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nikulina
authors.forename: Jeanean M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hergenrother
authors.forename: Elissa J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Megan E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.forename: Beryl J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Filton
authors.forename: Gabrielle S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Carson
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000639:trends*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000639:trends*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome