title: Multiple Kv1.5 targeting to membrane surface microdomains.
abstract: Surface expression of voltage-dependent K(+) channels (Kv) has a pivotal role in leukocyte physiology. Although little is known about the physiological role of lipid rafts, these microdomains concentrate signaling molecules and their ion channel substrates. Kv1.3 associates with Kv1.5 to form functional channels in macrophages. Different isoform stoichiometries lead to distinct heteromeric channels which may be further modulated by targeting the complex to different membrane surface microdomains. Kv1.3 targets to lipid rafts, whereas Kv1.5 localization is under debate. With this in mind, we wanted to study whether heterotetrameric Kv1.5-containing channels target to lipid rafts. While in transfected HEK-293 cells, homo- and heterotetrameric channels targeted to rafts, Kv1.5 did not target to rafts in macrophages. Therefore, Kv1.3/Kv1.5 hybrid channels are mostly concentrated in non-raft microdomains. However, LPS-induced activation, which increases the Kv1.3/Kv1.5 ratio and caveolin, targeted Kv1.5 back to lipid rafts. Moreover, Kv1.5 did not localize to low-buoyancy fractions in L6E9 skeletal myoblasts, which also coexpress both channels, heart membranes or cardiomyocyes. Coexpression of a Cav3(DGV)-mutant confined Kv1.5 to Cav3(DGV)-vesicles of HEK cells. Contrarily, coexpression of Kvbeta2.1 impaired the Kv1.5 targeting to raft microdomains in HEK cells. Our results indicate that Kv1.5 partnership interactions are underlying mechanisms governing channel targeting to lipid rafts.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martínez-Mármol
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Villalonga
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Solé
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Tamkun
authors.forename: Concepció
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soler
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Felipe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051244:Caveolin 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002469:Cell Separation; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051664:Kv1.3 Potassium Channel / Q000378:metabolism; D051666:Kv1.5 Potassium Channel / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D051244:Caveolin 3; D051664:Kv1.3 Potassium Channel; D051666:Kv1.5 Potassium Channel; D021122:Protein Subunits; D002784:Cholesterol