title: Live 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography initial experience using the fully-sampled matrix array probe.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our study goals were to evaluate the 3-dimensional matrix array transesophageal echocardiographic (3D-MTEE) probe by assessing the image quality of native valves and other intracardiac structures.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Because 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography with gated rotational acquisition is not used routinely as the result of artifacts, lengthy acquisition, and processing, a 3D-MTEE probe was developed (Philips Medical Systems, Andover, Massachusetts).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 211 patients, 3D-MTEE zoom images of the mitral valve (MV), aortic valve, tricuspid valve, interatrial septum, and left atrial appendage were obtained, followed by a left ventricular wide-angled acquisition. Images were reviewed and graded off-line (Xcelera with QLAB software, Philips Medical Systems).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Excellent visualization of the MV (85% to 91% for all scallops of both MV leaflets), interatrial septum (84%), left atrial appendage (86%), and left ventricle (77%) was observed. Native aortic and tricuspid valves were optimally visualized only in 18% and 11% of patients, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of 3D-MTEE imaging, which is feasible in most patients, provides superb imaging of native MVs, which makes this modality an excellent choice for MV surgical planning and guidance of percutaneous interventions. Optimal aortic and tricuspid valve imaging will depend on further technological developments. Fast acquisition and immediate online display will facilitate wider acceptance and routine use in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiology), University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. lsugeng@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Lissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sugeng
authors.forename: Stanton K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Shernan
authors.forename: Ivan S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Salgo
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weinert
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shook
authors.forename: Jai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raman
authors.forename: Valluvan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jeevanandam
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dupont
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Settlemier
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Savord
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mor-Avi
authors.forename: Roberto M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013997:Time Factors