Multi-level effects of sulphur-iron interactions in freshwater wetlands in The Netherlands.
Although sulphur deposition rates in Europe have considerably decreased over the last decades, sulphate concentrations in freshwater wetlands are still high, as a result of drainage, nitrate pollution, and increased sulphur loads in rivers. High sulphur fluxes may cause sulphide toxicity and eutrophication, and strongly interfere with the biogeochemical cycling of iron and phosphorus. In the present study the ecotoxicological interactions between sulphur, phosphate, iron, and trace metals in freshwater wetlands are reviewed.
van der Welle
Marlies E W
ME
Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 1, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands. m.vanderwelle@royalhaskoning.com
Roelofs
Jan G M
JG
Lamers
Leon P M
LP
D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D009426:Netherlands; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D053833:Wetlands
D013455:Sulfur; D007501:Iron