title: Prenatal exposure to HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: effects on fetal and neonatal outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Use of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) is becoming increasingly common. However, a recent study based on a series of cases reported to FDA suggests possible teratogenic effects of statins on embryogenesis, such as limb defects and severe central nervous system anomalies.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective, observational cohort study with a comparison group to examine a fetal toxicity risk of statins, we followed 64 pregnant women taking statins, and 64 comparison group women without exposure to known teratogens. The statin group women were exposed to atorvastatin (n=46), simvastatin (n=9), pravastatin (n=6), or rosuvastatin (n=3) during the first trimester.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in the rate of major malformations between the statin group (1/46 live birth: 2.2%) and the comparison group (1/52 live birth: 1.9%, p=0.93). Similarly, there were no statistical differences between the statin and comparison groups in live births (71.9% vs 81.2%), spontaneous abortions (14: 21.9% vs 11: 17.2%), therapeutic abortions (3: 4.7% vs 0: 0%) and stillbirths (1: 1.5% vs 1: 1.6%). Gestational age at birth (38.4+/-2.8 weeks vs 39.3+/-1.3 weeks: M+/-S.D., p=0.04) and birth weight (3.14+/-0.68kg vs 3.45+/-0.42kg, p=0.01) were lower in the statin group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The absolute risk of teratogenicity of statins, if any, appears relatively small. A large-scale study is needed to further characterize the teratogenic potential.
authors.affiliation: The Motherisk Program, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: Evelyn T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hosokawa
authors.forename: Jacquelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Angela Yating
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Myla E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koren
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors