title: Comparison of the effectiveness of solid-phase and ultrasound-mediated liquid-liquid extractions to determine the volatile compounds of wine.
abstract: Two ultrasound-assisted liquid-liquid extraction (LLE-I, LLE-II) methods were compared to a solid-phase extraction (SPE) protocol to assess their effectiveness for the analysis of up to 44 volatile compounds in a synthetic and several commercial white, red and "cream" wines produced in the southwest of Spain. Regardless of the extraction protocol used the highest recoveries corresponded to acids and terpene alcohols and the lowest to lactones and alcohols. In any case, it was concluded that one of the liquid-liquid extraction protocols evaluated led to higher recoveries for a greater number of odorants that could be implicated in the aroma of the wines than the solid-phase extraction. However, the SPE method also presented some advantages that should not be overlooked, like higher repeatability and throughput and lower solvent consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Experimental Science, University of Huelva, Spain.
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hernanz
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: Angeles F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Recamales
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Meléndez-Martínez
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Heredia
mesh_terms: D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D002845:Chromatography / Q000379:methods; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D012997:Solvents