title: Targeted therapy in renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A better understanding of renal cell carcinoma biology has led to a new era of targeted therapy in the management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  New phase II and phase III clinical data on both Food and Drug Administration approved and investigational targeted agents are now available, widening the choice of therapies in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We provide a review of the data to facilitate effective evidence-based clinical practice and also aim to give a perspective for future clinical and translational research in renal cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Solid Tumor Oncology and Urology, Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Bhanu K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Vakkalanka
authors.forename: Brian I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Rini
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000819:agonists*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077157:Sorafenib; D000077210:Sunitinib; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D007211:Indoles; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D011758:Pyrroles; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D009536:Niacinamide; D000068258:Bevacizumab; C401859:temsirolimus; D000077157:Sorafenib; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; D000077210:Sunitinib; D020123:Sirolimus