title: Bioaccumulation of heavy metals and two organochlorine pesticides (DDT and BHC) in crops irrigated with secondary treated waste water.
abstract: Four crop plants Oryza sativa (rice), Solanum melongena (brinjal), Spinacea oleracea (spinach) and Raphanus sativus (radish) were grown to study the impact of secondary treated municipal waste water irrigation. These plants were grown in three plots each of 0.5 ha, and irrigated with secondary treated waste water from a sewage treatment plant. Sludge from the same sewage treatment plant was applied as manure. Cultivated plants were analyzed for accumulation of heavy metals and pesticides. Results revealed the accumulation of six heavy metals cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) as well as two pesticides [1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane; DDT] and benzene hexa chloride (BHC). Order of the plants for the extent of bioaccumulation was S. oleracea > R. sativus > S. melongena > O. sativa. The study has shown the secondary treated waste water can be a source of contamination to the soil and plants.
authors.affiliation: Pollution Ecology Research Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India. virendra78@gmail.com
authors.forename: Virendra K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Alka R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Tripathi
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism; D002857:Chromium / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009532:Nickel / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism; D031224:Raphanus / Q000378:metabolism; D032323:Solanum melongena / Q000378:metabolism; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000378:metabolism; D014240:Trichloroethanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C521793:1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014240:Trichloroethanes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D002857:Chromium; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D003300:Copper; D009532:Nickel; D015032:Zinc