title: Protective effects of salidroside against acetaminophen-induced toxicity in mice.
abstract: The protective effect of salidroside (SDS) isolated from Rhodiola sachalinensis A. BOR. (Crassulaceae), was investigated in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatic toxicity mouse model in comparison to N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Drug-induced hepatotoxicity was induced by an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 300 mg/kg (sub-lethal dose) of APAP. SDS was given orally to mice at a dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg 2 h before the APAP administration in parallel with NAC. Mice were sacrificed 12 h after the APAP injection to determine aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in serum and glutathione (GSH) depletion, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and caspase-3 expression in liver tissues. SDS significantly protected APAP-induced hepatotoxicity for SDS improved mouse survival rates better than NAC against a lethal dose of APAP and significantly blocked not only APAP-induced increases of AST, ALT, and TNF-alpha but also APAP-induced GSH depletion and MDA accumulation. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses also demonstrated that SDS could reduce the appearance of necrosis regions as well as caspase-3 and hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) expression in liver tissue. Our results indicated that SDS protected liver tissue from the APAP-induced oxidative damage via preventing or alleviating intracellular GSH depletion and oxidation damage, which suggested that SDS would be a potential antidote against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Organism Functional Factors of the Changbai Mountain, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Jilin Province, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Dong-Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: Xue-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ji-Xing
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Nan
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029771:Rhodiola / Q000737:chemistry; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D005960:Glucosides; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D010636:Phenols; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000082:Acetaminophen; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D053148:Caspase 3; D005978:Glutathione; C009172:rhodioloside