title: Cognitive behaviour therapy for violent men with antisocial personality disorder in the community: an exploratory randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little information exists on treatment effectiveness in antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). We investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of carrying out a randomized controlled trial of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in men with ASPD who were aggressive.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an exploratory two-centre, randomized controlled trial in a community setting. Fifty-two adult men with a diagnosis of ASPD, with acts of aggression in the 6 months prior to the study, were randomized to either treatment as usual (TAU) plus CBT, or usual treatment alone. Change over 12 months of follow-up was assessed in the occurrence of any act of aggression and also in terms of alcohol misuse, mental state, beliefs and social functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The follow-up rate was 79%. At 12 months, both groups reported a decrease in the occurrence of any acts of verbal or physical aggression. Trends in the data, in favour of CBT, were noted for problematic drinking, social functioning and beliefs about others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CBT did not improve outcomes more than usual treatment for men with ASPD who are aggressive and living in the community in this exploratory study. However, the data suggest that a larger study is required to fully assess the effectiveness of CBT in reducing aggression, alcohol misuse and improving social functioning and view of others. It is feasible to carry out a rigorous randomized controlled trial in this group.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Gartnavel Royal Hospital, Glasgow, UK. k.davidson@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tyrer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tata
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gumley
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bezlyak
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seivewright
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Crawford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003156:Community Mental Health Services; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012917:Social Adjustment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*