title: Predictors of early parenting self-efficacy: results of a prospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parenting self-efficacy has been identified as one determinant of positive parenting. The literature is inconsistent regarding the predictors of parenting self-efficacy, and there is limited evidence regarding these predictors in the early postpartum period.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the factors predictive of parenting self-efficacy at 12 to 48 hr after childbirth and at 1 month postpartum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six-hundred fifty-two women were recruited consecutively from the postpartum units of two general hospitals on Prince Edward Island, Canada. Data were collected at 12 to 48 hr postpartum using self-report and chart review. On the basis of scoring positive or negative on their childbirth perceptions, 175 of these mothers were assigned to two cohorts. They were visited at home at 1 month postpartum, where data were collected using self-report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using multiple logistic regression, greater parenting self-efficacy at 12 to 48 hr after childbirth was predicted by multiparity and single marital status and correlated with positive perception of the birth experience, higher general self-efficacy, and excellent partner relationship. Greater parenting self-efficacy at 1 month was predicted by age <or=30 years and multiparity and correlated with excellent partner relationship and maternal perception of infant contentment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Birth perception is a correlate of parenting self-efficacy that is modifiable; therefore, nurses have an opportunity to strive to create a positive birth experience for all women to enhance their early parenting self-efficacy. Nurses can also consider assessing women at risk for suboptimal parenting self-efficacy and intervene through teaching, support, and parenting self-efficacy boosting interventions.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada. jbryanton@upei.ca
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bryanton
authors.forename: Anita J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatem
authors.forename: Celeste
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johnston
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017533:Marital Status; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010298:Parity; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020377:Self Efficacy