title: Microbial growth inhibition by alternating electric fields.
abstract: Weak electric currents generated using conductive electrodes have been shown to increase the efficacy of antibiotics against bacterial biofilms, a phenomenon termed "the bioelectric effect." The purposes of the present study were (i) to find out whether insulated electrodes that generate electric fields without "ohmic" electric currents, and thus are not associated with the formation of metal ions and free radicals, can inhibit the growth of planktonic bacteria and (ii) to define the parameters that are most effective against bacterial growth. The results obtained indicate that electric fields generated using insulated electrodes can inhibit the growth of planktonic Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and that the effect is amplitude and frequency dependent, with a maximum at 10 MHz. The combined effect of the electric field and chloramphenicol was found to be additive. Several possible mechanisms underlying the observed effect, as well as its potential clinical uses, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: NovoBiotics Limited, Matam Advanced Technology Centre, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giladi
authors.forename: Yaara
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Porat
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blatt
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wasserman
authors.forename: Eilon D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Kirson
authors.forename: Erez
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dekel
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Palti
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004560:Electricity; D004566:Electrodes; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D008954:Models, Biological; D010933:Plankton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002701:Chloramphenicol