title: Melatonin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation in sleep-deprived mice.
abstract: Sleep disorders are great problems in modern society. Even minimal changes of sleep can affect health. Especially, patients with pulmonary diseases complain of sleep problems such as sleep disturbance and insomnia. Recent studies have shown an association between sleep deprivation (SD) and inflammation, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated whether melatonin protects against acute lung inflammation in SD. Male ICR mice were deprived sleep using modified multiplatform water bath for 3 days. Acute lung inflammation was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 5 mg/kg). Melatonin (5 mg/kg) and LPS was administered in SD mice at day 2. Mice were divided into five groups as control, SD, LPS, LPS + SD, and LPS + SD + melatonin (each group, n = 11). Mice were killed on day 3 after treatment of melatonin and LPS for 24 hr. Lung tissues were collected for histological examination and protein analysis. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level was determined for the effect of oxidative stress. Melatonin restored weight loss in LPS + SD. Histological findings revealed alveolar damages with inflammatory cell infiltration in LPS + SD. Melatonin remarkably attenuated the alveolar damages. In western blot analysis, LPS reduced the levels of Bcl-XL and procaspase-3 in SD mice. After treatment with melatonin, the levels of Bcl-XL and procaspase-3 increased when compared with LPS + SD. LPS treatment showed an increase of TUNEL-positive cells, whereas melatonin prevented the increase of cell death in LPS + SD animals. In lipid peroxidation assay, melatonin significantly reduced the elevated MDA level in LPS + SD. Our results suggest that melatonin attenuates acute lung inflammation during SD via anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative actions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yang-Deok
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ju-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yoon-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Seong-Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ok-Soon
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dae-Yong
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Ji-Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tai-Kyoung
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Baik
authors.forename: Byung-Joon
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Haing-Woon
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Baik
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008550:Melatonin