title: Microshear bond strength of resin bonding systems to machinable ceramic with different surface treatments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The bond strength and bond durability of two high-viscosity dual-curing resin luting agents with different surface treatments of ceramic were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  GN-I machinable ceramic surfaces were treated with 37% phosphoric acid for 30 s (PA), 5% hydrofluoric acid for 5 s (HF-5), 10 s (HF-10), or 30 s (HF-30), or blasting with 50-microm Al2O3 for 10 s (AB). The roughness of the ceramic surface was measured. Treated ceramic surfaces were bonded with three resin bonding systems (RBS): Ceramic Primer/LinkmaxHV (CP/LMHV), Monobond S/VariolinkIIHV (MBS/VLIIHV), or MBS/Heliobond/VLIIHV (MBS/HB/VLIIHV). A microshear test was used to measure the bond strength after 24 h (TC 0) and subsequent thermocycling (TC 10,000 at 4 degrees C and 60 degrees C). ANOVA was performed for statistical analysis, with significance set at p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For three RBSs, bond strength at TC O was not affected, regardless of ceramic surface treatment (p > 0.05). All combined groups of ceramic surface treatment and resin bonding system decreased after 10,000 thermal cycles, especially groups treated with alumina blasting and bonded with each of three RBSs (p < 0.05). MBS/HB/VLIIHV with each surface treatment did not improve the bond strength and durability compared with MBS/VLIIHV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CP/LMHV and MBS/VLIIHV obtained sufficient bond strength and bond durability to GN-I machinable ceramic by only cleaning with PA; the application of HB may not be necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, The Stomatological Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Xiangfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atsuta
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D045662:Dental Etching; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006801:Humans; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; C470486:Linkmax; C076808:Monobond S; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C103502:Variolink; C040415:heliobond; C030242:phosphoric acid; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid