title: Acute toxicity of the pesticide methomyl on the topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva): mortality and effects on four biomarkers.
abstract: In this study, the acute toxicity of the pesticide methomyl on the topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva) was evaluated using mortality and the activity of the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) as endpoints. LC50 values were 1.228, 0.782, 0.538, and 0.425 mg/l at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of exposure, respectively. Methomyl caused a sharp decrease in specific activity of brain AChE around 48% at concentrations between 0.043 and 0.213 mg/l. A reduction higher than 40% in liver GST activity at concentrations between 0.085 and 0.213 mg/l was found, whereas no significant effects were observed in intestinal GST. A significant concentration-dependent decrease of GOT activity was found after 24 h of exposure to the pesticide but not after 96 h. No significant effects on GPT activity were observed. These results indicate that at the concentrations tested, methomyl is acutely toxic to the species P. parva, causing mortality, neurotoxic effects, and changes in some hepatic enzymes.
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Huixian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiwu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xiaojun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Weigang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Ronghua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000502:physiology*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008724:Methomyl / Q000633:toxicity*; D009026:Mortality; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D015996:Survival Rate; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004798:Enzymes; D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008724:Methomyl