title: Gene expression profiling of multiple leiomyomata uteri and matched normal tissue from a single patient.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify differentially expressed genes between fibroid and adjacent normal myometrium in an identical hormonal and genetic background.
  
  
  METHODS
  Array analysis of three leiomyomata and matched adjacent normal myometrium in a single patient.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of Colorado Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single female undergoing medically indicated hysterectomy for symptomatic fibroids.
  
  
  METHODS
  mRNA isolation and microarray analysis, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in mRNA and protein levels in leiomyomata and matched normal myometrium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of 197 genes was increased and 619 decreased significantly by at least twofold, in leiomyomata relative to normal myometrium. Expression profiles between tumors were similar and normal myometrial samples showed minimal variation. Changes in, and variation of, expression of selected genes were confirmed in additional normal and leiomyoma samples from multiple patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analysis of multiple tumors from a single patient confirmed changes in expression of genes described in previous, apparently disparate, studies, and identified novel targets. Gene expression profiles in leiomyomata are consistent with increased activation of mitogenic pathways and inhibition of apoptosis. Down-regulation of genes implicated in invasion and metastasis, of cancers, was observed in fibroids. This expression pattern may underlie the benign nature of uterine leiomyomata and may aid in the differential diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Irina K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Dimitrova
authors.forename: Jennifer K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Richer
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rudolph
authors.forename: Nicole S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Spoelstra
authors.forename: Elaine M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Reno
authors.forename: Theresa M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Bradford
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D053507:Matrix Metalloproteinase 11 / Q000235:genetics; D009215:Myometrium / Q000473:pathology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000099317:Hippo Kinases
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D053507:Matrix Metalloproteinase 11; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; C430908:STK26 protein, human; D000099317:Hippo Kinases