title: Effects of training on a simulator of pain care on the quality of pain care for patients with cancer-related pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A computer simulator of pain care provided an environment for residents to learn to (1) rapidly induce pain relief; (2) measure pain scores at appropriate time intervals; (3) use induction doses to estimate, early in care, the long-acting pain medication requirements; and (4) escalate long-acting agents to ensure a smooth and nonvarying pain-control curve. We studied whether lessons learned on the simulator translated into improved pain control for patients with cancer-related pain crises.
  We compared pain scores for 48 hours in 2 groups: 20 patients admitted consecutively, solely because of an acute exacerbation of pain, prior to training our residents on a simulator and 20 patients post-training. Training at the beginning of an oncology rotation consisted of education about pain control followed by practice on simulated cases of patients with cancer-related pain crises. Outcome measures were average pain scores compared using linear regression and the frequency of using long-acting agents early in a patient's care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pain control in the first 48 hours of care improved in the postintervention period; the slope of the pain scores actually increased in the preintervention period and declined in the postintervention period (P < .0005). Residents used long-acting agents early in patients' care in 35% (7/20) in the preperiod and 90% (18/20) in the postperiod (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Residents developed pain care treatment skills on a computer-based simulator that translated into improved control of acute, cancer-related pain.
authors.affiliation: Patient Safety Committee, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Harting
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasler
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Odwazny
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McNutt
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011787:Quality of Health Care