title: Increased frequency of chromosome translocations associated with diagnostic x-ray examinations.
abstract: Informative studies of cancer risks associated with medical radiation are difficult to conduct owing to low radiation doses, poor recall of diagnostic X rays, and long intervals before cancers occur. Chromosome aberrations have been associated with increased cancer risk and translocations are a known radiation biomarker. Seventy-nine U.S. radiologic technologists were selected for blood collection, and translocations were enumerated by whole chromosome painting. We developed a dose score to the red bone marrow for medical radiation exposure from X-ray examinations reported by the technologists that they received as patients. Using Poisson regression, we analyzed translocations in relation to the dose scores. Each dose score unit approximated 1 mGy. The estimated mean cumulative red bone marrow radiation dose score was 42 (range 1-265). After adjustment for age, occupational radiation, and radiotherapy for benign conditions, translocation frequencies significantly increased with increasing red bone marrow dose score with an estimate of 0.007 translocations per 100 CEs per score unit (95% CI, 0.002 to 0.013; P = 0.01). Chromosome damage has been linked with elevated cancer risk, and we found that cumulative radiation exposure from medical X-ray examinations was associated with increased numbers of chromosome translocations.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. bhattip@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Parveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.forename: Michele M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Doody
authors.forename: Dale L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kampa
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ron
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Weinstock
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Alan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Alice J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sigurdson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000488:Allied Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011859:Radiography / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014481:United States