title: Solid-liquid transfer of biophenols from olive leaves for the enrichment of edible oils by a dynamic ultrasound-assisted approach.
abstract: A continuous approach assisted by ultrasound for direct enrichment of edible oils (olive, sunflower, and soya) with the main phenols in olive leaves (i.e., oleuropein, verbascoside, apigenin-7-glucoside, and luteolin-7-glucoside) has been developed. Multivariate methodology was used to carry out a detailed optimization of the enrichment, and quantitation of the transferred compounds was based on LC-MS-MS in multiple reaction monitoring optimizing the most sensitive transition for each biophenol. Under the optimal working conditions, only 20 min is necessary to enrich the edible oils with 14.45-9.92 microg/mL oleuropein, 2.29-2.12 microg/mL verbascoside, 1.91-1.51 microg/mL apigenin-7-glucoside, and 1.60-1.42 microg/mL luteolin-7-glucoside. The enrichment method is carried out at room temperature and is organic-solvent-free; thus, the healthy properties of the edible oils improve as does their quality. Also, the low acquisition and maintenance costs of an ultrasound source and its application in a dynamic system make advisable the industrial implementation of the proposed method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Córdoba, Campus of Rabanales, Annex C-3, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Japón-Luján
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Janeiro
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Luque de Castro
mesh_terms: D047310:Apigenin / Q000032:analysis; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis*; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000032:analysis*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D047311:Luteolin / Q000032:analysis; D031658:Olea / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D011714:Pyrans / Q000032:analysis; D014465:Ultrasonics; D059808:Polyphenols
chemical_list: D047310:Apigenin; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005960:Glucosides; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D047311:Luteolin; D010636:Phenols; D011714:Pyrans; C002769:oleuropein; C058956:acteoside; D059808:Polyphenols; C057792:apigetrin; C066408:luteolin-7-glucoside