title: Periodontal health status and smoking among young adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to evaluate the periodontal status and present smoking habits among a representative sample of young adult Israelis and to investigate possible associations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A representative sample of young adult Israelis was examined and interviewed on the day of release from compulsory military service. Collected data included demographic background (gender, education level, family size and father's country of origin) and current smoking habits. Clinical examination included the recording of periodontal health status according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven thousand and fifty-six young adults were examined. Sixteen per cent were classified as CPI 0, 78% as CPI 1-2 and 6% as CPI 3-4. In total, 36% of the sample reported a current smoking habit. Periodontal status was significantly improved among non-smokers, females and children of fathers born in Israel or Western countries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only 7% of the participants demonstrated signs of periodontitis and most young adults did not smoke; a dose-response association was revealed between present smoking habits and periodontal disease.
authors.affiliation: Department Community Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Yuval
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Vered
authors.forename: Alon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Livny
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zini
authors.forename: Harold D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Sgan-Cohen
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D003728:Dental Calculus / Q000145:classification; D004522:Educational Status; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000145:classification; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000208:ethnology; D012907:Smoking; D055815:Young Adult