title: Integrated survey on toxic effects of lindane on neotropical fish: Corydoras paleatus and Jenynsia multidentata.
abstract: We report the effect of lindane on fish experimentally exposed to lindane. Sublethal toxicity was assessed through (a) changes in histopathology; (b) the activity of GST in different organs; and (c) bioaccumulation in exposed fish. We present a survey on toxic effects of lindane at these three levels, proposing a sequence of dose-dependent effects. Physiological damage was reversible at lowest doses, but severe at the highest, including damage consistent with fibrosis in liver and karyolitic nucleus in brain of both studied species. Exposure of Jenynsia multidentata above 6 microg L(-1) caused activation a GST in liver and gills, followed by inhibition at 75 microg L(-1). Interestingly, the bioaccumulation rate was suddenly increased when GST was inhibited. Corydoras paleatus exposed to 6.0 microg L(-1) lindane did not present significant changes in GST activity; however, enzymatic inhibition was observed above 25 microg L(-1). The bioaccumulation rate in C. paleatus remained constant throughout the experiments. All in all, these results evidence that C. paleatus is more sensitive to lindane than J. multidentata.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Nacional de Córdoba-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dto. Bioquímica Clínica-CIBICI, Medina Allende esq., Haya de La Torre, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: Silvia F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Pesce
authors.forename: Jimena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cazenave
authors.forename: Magdalena V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Monferrán
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frede
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wunderlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005618:Fresh Water; D005880:Gills / Q000737:chemistry; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D013045:Species Specificity; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014329:Tropical Climate; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D005982:Glutathione Transferase