Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in serum and synovial fluid after regional intravenous perfusion in the distal portion of the hind limb of adult cows.
OBJECTIVE
To define the pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in synovial fluid (SYNF) and serum from central venous (CV) and digital venous (DV) blood samples following regional IV perfusion (RIVP) of the distal portion of the hind limb in cows.


METHODS
6 healthy adult cows.


METHODS
In each cow, IV catheters were placed in the dorsal common digital vein (DCDV) and the plantar vein of the lateral digit, and an indwelling catheter was placed in the metatarsophalangeal joint of the left hind limb. A pneumatic tourniquet was applied to the midmetatarsal region. Florfenicol (2.2 mg/kg) was administered into the DCDV. Samples of DV blood, SYNF, and CV (jugular) blood were collected after 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 hours, and the tourniquet was removed; additional samples were collected at intervals for 24 hours after infusion. Florfenicol analysis was performed via high-performance liquid chromatography.


RESULTS
In DV blood, CV blood, and SYNF, mean +/- SD maximum florfenicol concentration was 714.79 +/- 301.93 microg/mL, 5.90 +/- 1.37 microg/mL, and 39.19 +/- 29.42 microg/mL, respectively; area under the concentration versus time curve was 488.14 +/- 272.53 h*microg*mL(1), 23.10 +/- 6.91 h*microg*mL(1), and 113.82 +/- 54.71 h*microg*mL(1), respectively; and half-life was 4.09 +/- 1.93 hours, 4.77 +/- 0.67 hours, and 3.81 +/- 0.81 hours, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Following RIVP, high florfenicol concentrations were achieved in DV blood and SYNF, whereas the CV blood concentration remained low. In cattle, RIVP of florfenicol may be useful in the treatment of infectious processes involving the distal portion of limbs.
Gilliam
John N
JN
Department of Clinical Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Streeter
Robert N
RN
Papich
Mark G
MG
Washburn
Kevin E
KE
Payton
Mark E
ME
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000378:metabolism*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D013839:Thiamphenicol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C035534:florfenicol; D013839:Thiamphenicol