NK gene complex dynamics and selection for NK cell receptors.
Natural killer (NK) cells play important roles in innate defense against infectious agents particularly viruses and also tumors. They mediate their effects through direct cytolysis, release of cytokines and regulation of subsequent adaptive immune responses. NK cells are equipped with sophisticated arrays of inhibitory and activation receptors that regulate their function. In this review we illustrate some of the major evolutionary relationships between NK cell receptors among different animal species and what some of the major mechanisms are that give rise to this diversity in receptor families, including the potential roles of pathogens such as viruses in driving receptor evolution.
Brown
Michael G
MG
Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States.
Scalzo
Anthony A
AA
D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006239:Haplotypes; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D055650:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A / Q000235:genetics; D055630:Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like / Q000235:genetics; D055607:Receptors, Natural Killer Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology
D055650:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A; D055630:Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like; D055607:Receptors, Natural Killer Cell