title: Effects of calcium gluconate and PMSF in the treatment of acute intoxication of chicken by TOCP.
abstract: To examine the efficacy of calcium gluconate (two doses of Ca-Glu 5 mg/kg i.v.) to alleviate the injurious effects of organophosphorus induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN) in the presence or absence of phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF 90 mg/kg i.m.), 14 groups of four isabrown hens were used. To measure the lymphocyte neuropathy target esterase (LNTE)activity, groups receiving just distilled water (control), groups receiving just Tri-orto-cresyl phosphate (TOCP; 500 mg/kg p.o.) (Positive control), and other groups receiving TOCP and Ca-Glu or PMSF simultaneously or 12 hours later following intoxication by TOCP were used. They were sacrificed 12 and 24 hours after the administration of TOCP. To observe a 28-day time course of neurotoxicity scores and calcium plasma concentration, five groups were used. Regarding free Ca(2+)in the plasma, the positive control produced a characteristic profile time course up and down during 28 days, and some hens with maximum score of neurotoxicity in 28 days. The treatment, which prevented greater oscillation in free Ca(2+) in the plasma, presented a decrease in OPIDN in relation to the positive control. Twelve hours after the administration of TOCP, LNTE was 70-80% inhibited when compared with control, whereas the first decrease in the free Ca(2+) in the plasma was significantly different from the control only 24 hours after the administration of TOCP. In summary, the sooner the Ca-Glu is started, the less severe the neuropathy effects.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences UNESP-São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Muzardo
authors.forename: R G P
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: G Honorato
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002125:Calcium Gluconate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002645:Chickens; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy; D010664:Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014317:Tritolyl Phosphates / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D014317:Tritolyl Phosphates; D010664:Phenylmethylsulfonyl Fluoride; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C021859:neurotoxic esterase; D002125:Calcium Gluconate; D002118:Calcium; C025541:tri-o-cresyl phosphate