Beyond insulin resistance: Innate immunity in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Obesity is an inflammatory disorder characterized by heightened activity of the innate immune system. Innate immune activation is central to the development of obesity-related insulin resistance; it also plays an important role in obesity-related tissue damage, such as that seen in atherosclerosis. Recent research has implicated the innate immune system in the pathophysiology of obesity-related liver disease. This review summarizes how innate immune processes, occurring both within and outside the liver, cause not only insulin resistance but also end-organ damage in the form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Maher
Jacquelyn J
JJ
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. jmaher@medsfgh.ucsf.edu
Leon
Pablo
P
Ryan
James C
JC
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D015398:Signal Transduction
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators