title: The geriatric depression scale in palliative care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This research examined the psychometric properties of previously published short forms of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in patients receiving palliative care. It also uses the full form of the GDS to examine the prevalence of nonsomatic symptoms of depression in palliative patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 84 patients with advanced cancer attending palliative care outpatient clinics. Scores for short forms of the GDS were derived from administering the original 30-item scale. Patients also completed the single item numerical analogue scale for depression from the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System and parallel numerical analogue scales for will-to-live and hope. A subset of the sample completed the measures twice. Short forms were judged on the extent to which they captured information gained from the full scale and their internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent and concurrent validity, and their distribution of scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, five short forms showed good psychometric properties at both visits. Two of these forms were very brief. Some nonsomatic symptoms assessed on the full GDS were reported with high frequency. However, few individuals reported a large number of symptoms. At both visits, patients identified as likely to have severe depression gave different responses from other patients on most items on the GDS-30.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several short forms of the GDS may be appropriate for use in palliative care. Patients identified as likely to have severe depression showed many of the same symptoms that characterise depression in other geriatric populations.
authors.affiliation: Lyell McEwin Health Service, Elizabeth Vale, Australia. gregory.crawford@adelaide.edu.au
authors.forename: Gregory B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics