title: Anti-inflammatory activities of new succinic and maleic derivatives from the fruiting body of Antrodia camphorata.
abstract: Six new compounds, trans-3-isobutyl-4-[4-(3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)phenyl]pyrrolidine-2,5-dione (1), trans-1-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-isobutylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione (2), cis-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-isobutyldihydrofuran-2,5-dione (3), 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-isobutyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (4), 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-isobutylfuran-2,5-dione (5), and dimethyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-isobutylmaleate (6), together with one known compound, 3-isobutyl-4-[4-(3-methyl-2-butenyloxy)phenyl]furan-2,5-dione (7), were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Antrodia camphorata. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data. To investigate the immunomodulatory potential of the compounds, RAW264.7 macrophage cells were treated with the compounds. Compound 1 significantly increased spontaneous TNF-alpha secretion from unstimulated RAW264.7 cells but suppressed IL-6 production [50% inhibition concentration value (IC50) = 10 microg/mL] in LPS-stimulated cells. Compounds 3, 4, and 6 also suppressed IL-6 production with IC50 values of 17, 18, and 25 microg/mL, respectively, suggesting that these four compounds may have an anti-inflammatory effect on macrophage-mediated responses. Of the six compounds, compound 1 was the most effective, exerting both immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory effects.
authors.affiliation: Tsuzuki Institute for Traditional Medicine, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shih-Chang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Miaw-Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hsiou-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Yao-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Bi-Fong
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yueh-Hsiung
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008298:Maleates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D020072:Polyporales / Q000737:chemistry*; D013386:Succinates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008298:Maleates; D013386:Succinates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha