title: Prevalence of congenital heart defects in metropolitan Atlanta, 1998-2005.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine an accurate estimate of the prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHD) using current standard diagnostic modalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We obtained data on infants with CHD delivered during 1998 to 2005 identified by the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, an active, population-based, birth defects surveillance system. Physiologic shunts in infancy and shunts associated with prematurity were excluded. Selected infant and maternal characteristics of the cases were compared with those of the overall birth cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1998 to 2005 there were 398 140 births, of which 3240 infants had CHD, for an overall prevalence of 81.4/10 000 births. The most common CHD were muscular ventricular septal defect, perimembranous ventricular septal defect, and secundum atrial septal defect, with prevalence of 27.5, 10.6, and 10.3/10 000 births, respectively. The prevalence of tetralogy of Fallot, the most common cyanotic CHD, was twice that of transposition of the great arteries (4.7 vs 2.3/10 000 births). Many common CHD were associated with older maternal age and multiple-gestation pregnancy; several were found to vary by sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study, using a standardized cardiac nomenclature and classification, provides current prevalence estimates of the various CHD subtypes. These estimates can be used to assess variations in prevalence across populations, time, or space.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Reller
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Strickland
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Riehle-Colarusso
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Mahle
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Correa
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005845:Georgia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D008499:Medical Records; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D015995:Prevalence; D014505:Urban Population