title: [The effect of smoking status upon occurrence of impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes in Korean men].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether smoking and the smoking status are predictors of the incident impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or type 2 diabetes in Korean men.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 1,717 Korean men without IFG or diabetes, who underwent annual periodic health examinations for 4 years (2002-2006), were retrospectively investigated. IFG and diabetes were defined as a serum fasting glucose concentration of 100-125 mg/dL and more than 126 mg/dL, respectively. Cox's proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between smoking and development of IFG or type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 558 cases (32.5%) of incident IFG and 50 cases (2.9%) of diabetes occurred. After controlling for the potential predictors of diabetes, the relative risk for IFG, compared with the never smokers, was 1.02 (95% CI=0.88 to 1.19) for the ever-smokers, 0.96 (95% CI=0.79-1.16) for those who smoked 1-9 cigarettes/d, 1.15 (95% CI=1.01 to 1.30) for those who smoked 10-19 cigarettes/d, and 1.31 (95% CI=1.10 to 1.57) for those who smoked 20 or more cigarettes/d (the P value for the current smokers was only p<0.002). The respective multivariate adjusted relative risks for type 2 diabetes, compared with the never-smokers, were 1.07 (95% CI=0.64 to 1.92), 1.47 (95% CI=0.71 to 3.04), 1.84 (95% CI=0.92-3.04), and 1.87 (95% CI=1.13-3.67), respectively (the P value for the current smokers was only p=0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The smoking status and the number of cigarettes smoked daily are associated with an increased risk for developing IFG or type 2 diabetes in Korean men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine.
authors.forename: Chang-Hae
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyuk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ga
authors.forename: Jong-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Leem
authors.forename: Seung-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Hwan-Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015438:Health Behavior; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose