title: Expression pattern of sonic hedgehog and effect of topical mitomycin C on its expression in human ocular surface neoplasms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine if the cells of human ocular surface neoplasms express sonic hedgehog (Shh) and the effects of topical mitomycin C on its expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Conjunctival tissues obtained from two normal subjects, two patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the ocular surface (conjunctiva), and one patient with ocular epithelial dysplasia were used in this study. Histological sections were processed for light microscopic immunohistochemical analysis for Shh.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Faint immunoreactivity for Shh was detected in basal epithelial cells of limbus, bulbar, and palpebral conjunctival epithelial cells. On the other hand, squamous cell carcinoma cells markedly expressed Shh with positive staining for Patched 1(Ptc), the cell surface receptor of Shh. Similar marked expression of Shh was detected in the patient with ocular epithelial dysplasia, and this Shh expression was almost eliminated following topical mitomycin C treatment. A cell culture experiment was conducted to examine the effect of mitomycin C on Shh expression in a cultured squamous cell carcinoma cell line.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conjunctival epithelium constitutively expresses a low level of Shh, and its expression increases during malignant conversion of epithelial cells. Reduction of Shh expression might be involved in the therapeutic efficacy of topical mitomycin C for ocular surface epithelial neoplasms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan. kyoko@wakayama-med.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Shizuya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saika
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003230:Conjunctival Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; C509239:SHH protein, human; D016685:Mitomycin