title: Coumarin, anthroquinone and stilbene derivatives with anticholinesterase activity.
abstract: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are the key enzymes in pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is characterized by a deficit in central cholinergic transmission. In the current study, AChE and BChE inhibitory activities of seven coumarin derivatives [umbelliferone (1), 4-methylumbelliferone (2), 4-hydroxycoumarin (3), scopoletin (4), 8-methoxypsoralen (5), bergapten (6), and iso-bergapten (7)], a furanocoumarin mixture obtained from Heracleum crenatifolium Boiss. (Umbelliferae), as well as of two anthroquinone derivatives [rhein (8) and aloe-emodine (9)] and one stilbene, rhapontin (10), were tested by the spectrophotometric method of Ellman using an ELISA microplate-reader at 1 mg mL(-1). Among them, the furanocoumarin mixture [(68.8 +/- 0.76)%], bergapten [(62.4 +/- 0.74)%], aloe-emodine [(57.2 +/- 1.32)%], scopoletin [(53.1 +/- 0.83)%], and 4-methylumbelliferone [(62.3 +/- 1.03)%] showed over 50% inhibition against AchE, while umbelliferone [(54.3 +/- 0.23)%], 4-methylumbelliferone [(80.9 +/- 1.17)%], scopoletin [(73.5 +/- 1.01)%], 8-methoxypsoralen [(67.1 +/- 0.98)%], as well as the furanocoumarin mixture [(76.7 +/- 0.95)%] had a notable anti-BChE effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey. iorhan@gazi.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ilkay
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Orhan
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tosun
authors.forename: Bilge
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sener
mesh_terms: D000078223:5-Methoxypsoralen; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003374:Coumarins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011564:Furocoumarins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D030002:Heracleum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008730:Methoxsalen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012603:Scopoletin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D003374:Coumarins; D011564:Furocoumarins; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D013267:Stilbenes; D000078223:5-Methoxypsoralen; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase; C023538:rhapontin; D012603:Scopoletin; D008730:Methoxsalen