title: [Clinical features and significance of negative motor response in intraoperative language mapping during awake craniotomy].
abstract: The negative motor area and anterior and posterior language areas were localized by intraoperative electrical cortical stimulation under the awake condition to evaluate the clinical significance of these areas. Thirty-seven awake craniotomies with language mapping were performed in 36 patients with brain tumors. The negative motor area was determined in 17 cases, and the anterior and posterior language areas were found in 12 and 6 cases, respectively. The negative motor area was located in the precentral gyrus inferior to the orofacial motor area in 16 cases, and in the inferior frontal gyrus anterior to the orofacial motor area in one case. Both the negative motor area and the anterior language area were determined in 8 cases. Anterior language areas in these 8 cases were located anterior and/or inferior to the negative motor areas. The negative motor area is an easily determined, important landmark for intraoperative language mapping.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagamatsu
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumabe
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakasato
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanamori
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sonoda
authors.forename: Teiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tominaga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001931:Brain Mapping; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003399:Craniotomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*