title: Cost savings from the provision of specific methods of contraception in a publicly funded program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the cost-effectiveness of contraceptive methods dispensed in 2003 to 955,000 women in Family PACT (Planning, Access, Care and Treatment), California's publicly funded family planning program.
  
  
  METHODS
  We estimated the number of pregnancies averted by each contraceptive method and compared the cost of providing each method with the savings from averted pregnancies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More than half of the 178,000 averted pregnancies were attributable to oral contraceptives, one fifth to injectable methods, and one tenth each to the patch and barrier methods. The implant and intrauterine contraceptives were the most cost-effective, with cost savings of more than $7.00 for every $1.00 spent in services and supplies. Per $1.00 spent, injectable contraceptives yielded savings of $5.60; oral contraceptives, $4.07; the patch, $2.99; the vaginal ring, $2.55; barrier methods, $1.34; and emergency contraceptives, $1.43.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All contraceptive methods were cost-effective-they saved more in public expenditures for unintended pregnancies than they cost to provide. Because no single method is clinically recommended to every woman, it is medically and fiscally advisable for public health programs to offer all contraceptive methods.
authors.affiliation: Bixby Center for Global Reproductive Health, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. greened@obgyn.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Diana Greene
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Daria P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Rostovtseva
authors.forename: Claire D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Brindis
authors.forename: M Antonia
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Biggs
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hulett
authors.forename: Philip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Darney
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002140:California; D003267:Contraception / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods*; D003268:Contraception Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003270:Contraceptive Agents / Q000191:economics*; D017046:Cost Savings; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D005380:Financing, Government; D006078:Government Programs / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D049168:Pregnancy, Unplanned; D011634:Public Health / Q000191:economics*; D017150:Public Sector / Q000191:economics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003270:Contraceptive Agents