title: Differentiation of osteoblasts on pectin-coated titanium.
abstract: The gold standard for implant metals is titanium, and coatings such as collagen-I, RGD-peptide, chondroitin sulfate, and calcium phosphate have been used to modify its biocompatibility. We investigated how titanium coated with pectins, adaptable bioactive plant polysaccharides with anti-inflammatory effects, supports osteoblast differentiation. MC3T3-E1 cells, primary murine osteoblasts, and human mesenchymal cells (hMC) were cultured on titanium coated with rhamnogalacturonan-rich modified hairy regions (MHR-A and MHR-B) of apple pectin. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and activity, calcium deposition, and cell spreading were investigated. MHR-B, but not MHR-A, supports osteoblast differentiation. The MHR-A surface was not mineralized, but on MHR-B, the average mineralized area was 14.0% with MC3T3-E1 cells and 26.6% with primary osteoblasts. The ALP activity of hMCs on MHR-A was 58.3% at day 7 and 9.3% from that of MHR-B at day 10. These data indicate that modified pectin nanocoatings may enhance the biocompatibility of bone and dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Oulu, Post Office Box 5000, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kokkonen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cassinelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verhoef
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morra
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Schols
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuukkanen
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000737:chemistry; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C042492:rhamnogalacturonan II; D010368:Pectins; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D013752:Tetracycline; D002118:Calcium