title: Impact of allergic rhinitis on asthma: effects on bronchodilation testing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A remarkable relationship exists between the upper and lower airways. Bronchial obstruction is a paramount feature of asthma, and its reversibility is considered a main step in asthma diagnosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the degree of bronchodilation and possible risk factors related to it in patients with moderate-severe persistent allergic rhinitis alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 375 patients with moderate-severe persistent allergic rhinitis and 115 controls were prospectively and consecutively evaluated by means of clinical examination, skin prick testing, spirometry, and bronchodilation testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with rhinitis showed a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV) after bronchodilation testing compared with basal values and levels in controls (P < .001). Two-thirds of the rhinitic patients had reversibility (> or = 12% basal levels). Patients with reversibility had lower FEV1 levels, longer rhinitis duration, and mite and tree allergies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights the close link between the upper and lower airways and the relevance of performing bronchodilation testing in patients with moderate-severe persistent allergic rhinitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino, Genoa, Italy. gio.cip@libero.it
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ciprandi
authors.forename: Ignazio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cirillo
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pistorio
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: La Grutta
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tosca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012882:Skin Tests; D013147:Spirometry
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens