title: Changes in LDL fatty acid composition as a response to olive oil treatment are inversely related to lipid oxidative damage: The EUROLIVE study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to assess the changes in the fatty acid composition of low density lipoproteins (LDL) after sustained consumption of olive oil at real-life doses (25 mL/day) and their relationship with lipid oxidative damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multi-center randomized, cross-over, clinical trial with 3 similar types of olive oils, but with differences in the phenolic content, was conducted on 200 healthy European subjects. Intervention periods were of 3 weeks separated by 2-week washout periods. The LDL fatty acid content was measured in samples drawn at baseline and after the last intervention period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After olive oil ingestion oleic acid concentration in LDL increased (1.9%; p < 0.001) and those of linoleic (1.1%; p < 0.002) and arachidonic acid (0.5%; p < 0.001) decreased. Monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fatty acid and oleic/linoleic acid ratios in LDL increased after olive oil consumption. An inverse relationship between the oleic/linoleic acid ratio and biomarkers of oxidative stress was observed. One unit increase in the oleic/linoleic acid ratio was associated with a decrease of 4.2 microg/L in plasma isoprostanes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consumption of olive oil at real-life doses improved the fatty acid profile in LDL, the changes being associated with a reduction of the oxidative damage to lipids.
authors.affiliation: GC Descovich Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Disease Research Unit, Internal Medicine, Aging and Kidney Diseases Dept., University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy. afgcicero@cardionet.it
authors.forename: Arrigo F G
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cicero
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nascetti
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: López-Sabater
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elosua
authors.forename: Jukka T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Salonen
authors.forename: Kristiina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nyyssönen
authors.forename: Henrik E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim F
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zunft
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiesewetter
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: de la Torre
authors.forename: María-Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Covas
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaikkonen
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mursu
authors.forename: Corina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koenbick
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bäumler
authors.forename: Antonio V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Gaddi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000097:blood; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D002784:Cholesterol