title: The comparison of in vivo antigenotoxic and antioxidative  capacity of two propylene glycol extracts of Calendula  officinalis (marigold) and vitamin E in young growing pigs.
abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the protective effect of Calendula officinalis propylene glycol extracts against oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation induced by high polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake in young growing pigs. Forty young growing pigs were assigned to five treatment groups: control; oil (linseed oil supplementation); C. officinalis 1 and 2 groups (linseed oil plus 3 ml/day of C. officinalis propylene glycol extracts); and vitamin E group (linseed oil plus 100 mg/kg of vitamin E). Lymphocyte DNA fragmentation and 24-h urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) excretion were measured to determine DNA damage. Lipid peroxidation was studied by analysing plasma and urine malondialdehyde (MDA), and urine isoprostane concentrations (iPF2α-VI), total antioxidant status of plasma and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) assays. C. officinalis 1 (extract from petals) effectively protected DNA from oxidative damage. It indicated a numerical trend towards the reduction of plasma MDA and urinary iPF2α-VI excretion. Its effect was comparable with that of vitamin E. C. officinalis 2 (extract from flower tops) showed less antioxidant potential than the extract from petals. We can conclude that the amount of C. officinalis extracts proposed for internal use by traditional medicine protects the organism against DNA damage induced by high PUFA intake.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Animal Science, University of Ljubljana, Domzale, Slovenia.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frankic
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Salobir
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salobir
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020838:Calendula / Q000737:chemistry*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019946:Propylene Glycol / Q000737:chemistry*; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014810:Vitamin E; D019946:Propylene Glycol