title: NUPR1 interacts with p53, transcriptionally regulates p21 and rescues breast epithelial cells from doxorubicin-induced genotoxic stress.
abstract: Nuclear protein 1 (NUPR1/com1/p8) has been shown to interact with transcriptional regulators such as p300, PTIP, estrogen receptor-beta, and SMAD. NUPR1 also has been implicated in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis. An increase in NUPR1 expression has been seen with serum starvation and in response to compounds such as cycloheximide, ceramide, and staurosporine. There are several overtly conflicting reports about the exact role of NUPR1 in tumor biology. This work investigates the nature of the relationship between NUPR1 and the cdk-inhibitor p21 (Waf1/Cip1) expression. We show that the expression of resident and doxorubicin-induced p21 paralleled that of endogenous NUPR1 levels. NUPR1 formed a complex with p53 and p300 and bound the p21 promoter and transcriptionally upregulated p21 expression. Moreover, NUPR1 allowed cells to progress through cell cycle in presence of doxorubicin. Since NUPR1 upregulated p21, concomitant with phosphorylation of Rb and upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-x(L) we propose that NUPR1 expression imparts a cell growth and survival advantage. Importantly, we also report that NUPR1 conferred resistance to two chemotherapeutic drugs, Taxol and doxorubicin.
authors.affiliation: Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, USA.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Aparna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fillmore
authors.forename: Wen G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Rajeev S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Samant
authors.forename: Oystein
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fodstad
authors.forename: Lalita A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Shevde
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D050881:E1A-Associated p300 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016315:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004317:Doxorubicin; D050881:E1A-Associated p300 Protein; D008156:Luciferases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D017239:Paclitaxel; D016315:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051020:bcl-X Protein; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; C491643:NUPR1 protein, human; C495901:TP53 protein, human; C494360:EP300 protein, human