title: Lack of endogenous TRIM5alpha-mediated restriction in rhesus macaque dendritic cells.
abstract: Rhesus macaques are resistant to infection by HIV-1 as a result of an innate cellular restriction mechanism attributable to the expression of rhTRIM5alpha, a member of the large tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family. TRIM5alpha-mediated restriction, which occurs before reverse transcription through targeting of the HIV-1 capsid, has been identified in a number of macaque primary cells and cell lines and is thought to occur in all macaque cell types. We report, however, that rhesus macaque dendritic cells (DCs) lack TRIM5alpha-mediated restriction and are equally permissive to HIV-1 infection as human DCs. Evidence suggests that, although TRIM5alpha RNA levels are normal in these cells, the protein may be dysfunctional. We propose that abrogation of TRIM5alpha-mediated restriction in DCs, although still operative in cells that replicate HIV-1 (macrophages, T lymphocytes), illustrates the need for innate mechanisms to not inhibit adaptive immune responses to ensure an optimal fight against pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Virology and Vectorology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. Nathalie.arhel@uniklinik-ulm.de
authors.forename: Nathalie J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Arhel
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nisole
authors.forename: Laetitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carthagena
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coutant
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Souque
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brussel
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Estaquier
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Charneau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C482587:TRIM5(alpha) protein, rhesus monkey; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases