title: [Ambulatory, CT-assisted lumbar sympathicolysis in patients with severe peripheral artery disease: influence on peripheral blood flow and clinical outcome].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The clinical improvements reported by patients after lumbar sympathicolysis have been verified and quantified by colour-coded duplex sonography (CCDS) in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  CT-assisted lumbar sympathicolysis was performed on 136 patients (105 men, 31 women; mean age 66.1; range: 43-82 years) with PAOD (Fontaine stage II b-IV) on an outpatient basis after exhaustive surgical and interventional therapy. Puncture was performed via a dorsolateral approach, a 22 G Seibel-Grönemeyer Chiba biopsy needle was placed intercavovertebrally or interaortovertebrally at the level of the arch pedicle of the third lumbar vertebral body. A medication mixture consisting of 96% alcohol, 0.5% Carbostesin and added amounts of contrast medium was administered when the needle was correctly positioned. An average of 10 mL (6-12 mL) of the sympathicolytic agent was administered; in all cases only one side was treated per sitting. Before and around 120 min after the intervention, and 6 months post-intervention, the systolic and end-diastolic flow velocities, and blood volumes per minute were determined by CCDS. Additionally, the retroperitoneal space was examined by ultrasound after 6 months. The clinical outcome and the complications were assessed by a standardised questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients, sympathicolysis was performed without technical complications. Starting on day 1 post-intervention, 4 patients complained of dysaesthesia in the inguinal and thigh area, another patient developed an erectile dysfunction although all these complications were completely reversible. 131/136 (96%) of the patients showed a significant increase in peripheral circulation immediately after the intervention, whereby a significant persistent effect was also seen in 120/136 (88%) after 6 months. In particular, patients in PAOD stages III and IV gained a clinical benefit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lumbar sympathicolysis is a therapeutic option in severe PAOD that is low in complications, effective, minimally invasive and can be performed on an outpatient basis; it should be considered after angiographic-interventional and surgical measures have been exhausted. The significant clinical improvements can be explained in part by the improvement in perfusion as verified by CCDS.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Bildgebende Diagnostik und Interventionelle Radiologie, KMG Klinikum Güstrow, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Universität Rostock. je.nickel@asklepios.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nickel
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Brinckmann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andresen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000792:Angiography; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D013563:Sympathectomy, Chemical / Q000379:methods*; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color