Cellular entry and nuclear targeting by a highly anionic molecular umbrella.
A fluorescently labeled, persulfated molecular umbrella ( 1) has been synthesized from cholic acid, lysine, spermine, and Coumarin 343 and found capable of entering live HeLa cells. The distributions of 1 throughout the cytoplasm and the nucleus were diffuse and punctate, respectively. This finding, together with its ability to cross liposomal membranes by passive diffusion, suggests that passive diffusion plays a significant role in the ability of 1 to enter cells. The fact that 1 is concentrated at the nucleus raises the possibility that molecular umbrellas of this type could be used for the nuclear targeting of drugs.
Mehiri
Mohamed
M
Departments of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA.
Jing
Bingwen
B
Ringhoff
Danielle
D
Janout
Vaclav
V
Cassimeris
Lynne
L
Regen
Steven L
SL
D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D000838:Anions; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008081:Liposomes; D010455:Peptides; D014867:Water