title: In vivo antiplaque efficacy of combined antimicrobial dentifrice and rinse hygiene regimens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate using digital plaque image analysis the antiplaque efficacy of oral care regimens including use of antimicrobial toothpaste in combination with antimicrobial mouthrinse.
  
  
  METHODS
  16 subjects completed the study protocol including: (1) initial treatment phase, all subjects used a standard sodium fluoride dentifrice with 2x/day brushing, (2) second treatment phase, subjects were randomized to two treatment groups: stannous fluoride/sodium hexametaphosphate dentifrice or sodium fluoride triclosan/copolymer dentifrice; (3) third treatment phase, the group using stannous fluoride dentifrice rinsed with alcohol-free cetylpyridinium chloride mouthrinse and the group using triclosan dentifrice rinsed with essential oil mouthrinse. During each phase, plaque levels were assessed in the morning before toothbrushing (AM), post-brushing in the morning (PB) and in the afternoon (PM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stannous fluoride dentifrice was superior to triclosan dentifrice in plaque growth inhibition between toothbrushing. Both mouthrinses provided additional plaque prevention benefits when used with antimicrobial dentifrices. The cetylpyridinium chloride mouthrinse and stannous fluoride dentifrice regimen was particularly effective, building accretive efficacy over time. Average plaque reductions exceeded 50% vs. sodium fluoride dentifrice alone. Chemotherapeutic dentifrices and rinses increase plaque control used alone and particularly in combination. The stannous fluoride-cetylpyridinium chloride regimen showed the greatest benefits.
authors.affiliation: Procter & Gamble Company, Mason Business Center, OH 45040, USA. white.dj.1@pg.com
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klukowska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002594:Cetylpyridinium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010710:Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023861:Photography, Dental; D012459:Salicylates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012824:Silicic Acid; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013729:Terpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014002:Tin Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014100:Toothpastes; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014260:Triclosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D045424:Complex Mixtures; C510825:Crest Pro-Health Dentifrice; C505193:Crest Pro-Health mouthrinse; D003802:Dentifrices; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009067:Mouthwashes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010710:Phosphates; D012459:Salicylates; D013729:Terpenes; D014002:Tin Fluorides; D014100:Toothpastes; C546060:hydrated silica gel-based toothpaste; D012824:Silicic Acid; C005035:hexametaphosphate; D014260:Triclosan; C057473:Listerine; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D002594:Cetylpyridinium; D005459:Fluorides