title: Exposure to Hurricane Katrina, post-traumatic stress disorder and birth outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the effects of natural disasters on pregnancy outcomes. We studied mental health and birth outcomes among women exposed to Hurricane Katrina.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected data prospectively from a cohort of 301 women from New Orleans and Baton Rouge. Pregnant women were interviewed during pregnancy about their experiences during the hurricane, and whether they had experienced symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and/or depression. High hurricane exposure was defined as having 3 or more of the 8 severe hurricane experiences, such as feeling that one's life was in danger, walking through floodwaters, or having a loved one die.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of low birth weight was higher in women with high hurricane exposure (14.0%) than women without high hurricane exposure (4.7%), with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.3; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13-9.89; P < 0.01. The frequency of preterm birth was higher in women with high hurricane exposure (14.0%) than women without high hurricane exposure (6.3%), with aOR: 2.3; 95% CI: 0.82-6.38; P > 0.05. There were no significant differences in the frequency of low birth weight or preterm birth between women with PTSD or depression and women without PTSD or depression (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women who had high hurricane exposure were at an increased risk of having low birth weight infants. Rather than a general exposure to disaster, exposure to specific severe disaster events and the intensity of the disaster experience may be better predictors of poor pregnancy outcomes. To prevent poor pregnancy outcomes during and after disasters, future disaster preparedness may need to include the planning of earlier evacuation of pregnant women to minimize their exposure to severe disaster events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112-2715, USA. xxiong@tulane.edu
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Emily W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Harville
authors.forename: Donald R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Mattison
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elkind-Hirsch
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pridjian
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buekens
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D004189:Disaster Planning; D004190:Disasters; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008145:Louisiana; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology