title: Characterization of nonspecific crossover in split-flow thin channel fractionation.
abstract: Split-flow thin channel (SPLITT) fractionation is a technique for continuous separation of particles or macromolecules in a fluid stream into fractions according to the lateral migration induced by application of a field perpendicular to the direction of flow. Typical applications have involved isolation of different fractions from a polydisperse sample. Some specialized applications involve the separation of the fraction influenced by the transverse field from the fraction that is not. For example, immunomagnetically labeled biological cells may be separated from nonlabeled cells with the application of a transverse magnetic field gradient. In such cases, it may be critically important to minimize contamination of the labeled cells with nonlabeled cells while at the same time maximizing the throughput. Such contamination is known as nonspecific crossover (NSC) and refers to the real or apparent migration of nonmobile particles or cells across stream lines with the mobile material. The possible mechanisms for NSC are discussed, and experimental results interpreted in terms of shear-induced diffusion (SID) caused by viscous interactions between particles in a sheared flow. It is concluded that SID may contribute to NSC, but that further experiments and mathematical modeling are necessary to more fully explore the phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. willias3@ccf.org
authors.forename: P Stephen
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoyos
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kurowski
authors.forename: Dorra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salhi
authors.forename: Lee R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zborowski
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D004058:Diffusion; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D012822:Silicon Dioxide