title: Respiratory movement patterns during vocalizations at 7 and 11 months of age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present investigation was designed to study the modulation of abdomen and rib cage movements during vocalization over a period of development associated with rapid decreases in the compliance of the chest wall.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rib cage and abdominal kinematics were recorded during spontaneous vocalizations in 7- and 11-month old infants. Principal component analysis was used to represent each infant's abdomen and rib cage traces as the weighted sum of a small number of principal component (PC) waveforms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fundamental periods of infants' PC waveforms in the 11-month group were significantly shorter than those in the 7-month group. In addition, the variance contributed by PCs describing unidirectional patterns of respiratory movement decreased in the 11-month group, whereas the variances contributed by PCs describing modulated patterns of movement increased. Lastly, the extent to which abdomen and rib cage movements predicted the duration of corresponding vocalizations also increased significantly in the 11-month group compared with the 7-month group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the present study were consistent with the hypothesis that decreases in the compliance of the chest wall result in more rapid modulation of chest wall movements and greater control of those movements by the developing neuromuscular system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. k.reilly@neu.edu
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002663:Child Language; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007830:Larynx / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D010699:Phonation / Q000502:physiology*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D012272:Ribs / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*