title: Ribavirin targets eIF4E dependent Akt survival signaling.
abstract: The eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E is dysregulated in many cancers. eIF4E, through its mRNA export and translation functions, combinatorially modulates the expression of genes involved in Akt dependent survival signaling. For these activities, eIF4E must bind the 7-methyl guanosine (m(7)G) cap moiety on the 5'-end of mRNAs. We demonstrate that a physical mimic of the m(7)G cap, ribavirin, inhibits eIF4E dependent Akt survival signaling. Specifically, ribavirin impairs eIF4E mediated Akt activation via inhibiting the production of an upstream activator of Akt, NBS1. Consequently, ribavirin impairs eIF4E dependent apoptotic rescue. A ribavirin analog with distinct physico-chemical properties, tiazofurin, does not impair eIF4E activity indicating that only analogs that mimic the m(7)G cap will inhibit eIF4E function. Ribavirin represents a first-in-class strategy to inhibit eIF4E dependent cancers, through competition for m(7)G cap binding. Thus, ribavirin coordinately impairs eIF4E dependent pathways and thereby, potently inhibits its biological effects.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que., Canada H4M 1J6.
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Culjkovic
authors.forename: Abdellatif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amri
authors.forename: Katherine L B
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Borden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D039561:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018085:Regulon / Q000187:drug effects; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D039561:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E; C112156:NBN protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012254:Ribavirin; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C033706:tiazofurin