title: Determination of ginsenoside-Rg(1) in human plasma and its application to pharmacokinetic studies following intravenous administration of 'Shenmai' injection.
abstract: 'Shenmai' injection is derived from traditional Chinese medicine 'Shenmaisan' and made from Radix ginseng Rubra and Radix Ophiopogonis. Ginsenoside-Rg(1), as a major constituent of Radix ginseng Rubra, is considered responsible for the efficacy of this injection. A rapid, simple and accurate method has been established for determination of ginsenoside-Rg(1) in Shenmai injection and human plasma using LC-ESI-MS/MS, and to study the pharmacokinetics of Rg(1) in ten healthy volunteers after intravenous single dosing of 60 mL of Shenmai injection. Following solid-phase extraction (SPE), samples were separated on a C(18) column coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The protonated analyte was quantified by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) with a quadruple mass spectrometer in positive mode. Linearity was confirmed in the concentration range of 1 to 1000 ng/mL for Rg(1), and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ, S/N > 10) was 1 ng/mL. The intraday and interday RSDs were within 15% and mean extraction recoveries ranged from 98.6% to 104.9%. The pharmacokinetics of Rg(1) in healthy volunteers conforms to the two-compartment open model. The main pharmacokinetics parameters were as follows: t(1/2beta), 2.09 +/- 1.89 h; CL, 0.03 +/- 0.01 L kg(-1) h(-1); AUC (0 approximately infinity), 124.4 +/- 35.9 2 ng mL(-1) h and AUC (0 approximately infinity), 127.9 +/- 37.2 ng mL(-1) h, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, PR China. yangliume@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shun-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhi-Feng
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000097:blood* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D036145:Ginsenosides; C009252:fructus schizandrae, radix ginseng, radix ophiopogonis drug combination; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1