Discrete-Event Models of Mixed-Phenotype Plasmodium falciparum Malaria.
We extend our basic discrete-event model of Plasmodium falciparum malaria to encompass circumstances in which multiple phenotypic variants of the parasite circulate within interacting human and mosquito populations, and we compare a version in which variants behave independently to one in which they interact through shared host immune responses. Relative to the standard hypothesis of statistical independence, frequencies of mixed-phenotype infection in humans were as expected in the independent-immunity version and much less than expected in the cross-immunity version; in both versions, however, such frequencies in mosquitoes were much greater than expected.
McKenzie
F Ellis
FE
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, and Division of Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, E-mail:  infdis@deas.harvard.edu.
Wong
Roger C
RC
Bossert
William H
WH