title: Survival and an overview of decision-making in patients with cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholangiocarcinoma is rare, accounting for approximately 3% of all gastrointestinal cancers. This study aimed to identify the survival rate among surgically treated and palliated patients, and secondly to identify parameters that could predict a curative resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 121 patients, 55 men and 66 women, median age 70 years (range 31-91), who had been treated for cholangiocarcinoma in the period of 1990-2005 were evaluated retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Curative resection was performed in 40 patients (33%), whereas 81 received palliative treatment (67%). 16% (19 of 121) of the patients had an explorative laparotomy without tumour resection. Age above 65 years (OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.4-8.4; P=0.008), weight loss (OR 8.5; 95% CI 1.5-46; P=0.01) or tumour location (The resection rate of hilar cholangiocarcinoma was lower than that of intrapancreatic cancer.) (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.7-4.5; P=0.001) predicted palliative treatment. The adjusted 5-year survival rate of patients who received tumour resection and palliative treatment was 30% and 1.2 %, respectively (P<0.001). The survival rate of patients who were subjected to hepatectomy (70%) was better than that of patients who had a local or distal resection (20%) (P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In few patients with a resectable cholangiocarcinoma, an explorative laparotomy is often necessary to evaluate resectability. However, long-term survival is significantly better in patients who received radical surgical resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. havard.forsmo@helse-bergen.no
authors.forename: Havard Mjorud
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Forsmo
authors.forename: Arild
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Asgaut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viste
authors.forename: Dag
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoem
authors.forename: Kjell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ovrebo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000601:surgery*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010166:Palliative Care; D018579:Patient Selection; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome