title: Effect of birch (Betula spp.) and associated rhizoidal bacteria on the degradation of soil polyaromatic hydrocarbons, PAH-induced changes in birch proteome and bacterial community.
abstract: Two birch clones originating from metal-contaminated sites were exposed for 3 months to soils (sand-peat ratio 1:1 or 4:1) spiked with a mixture of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; anthracene, fluoranthene, phenanthrene, pyrene). PAH degradation differed between the two birch clones and also by the soil type. The statistically most significant elimination (p < or = 0.01), i.e. 88% of total PAHs, was observed in the more sandy soil planted with birch, the clearest positive effect being found with Betula pubescens clone on phenanthrene. PAHs and soil composition had rather small effects on birch protein complement. Three proteins with clonal differences were identified: ferritin-like protein, auxin-induced protein and peroxidase. Differences in planted and non-planted soils were detected in bacterial communities by 16S rRNA T-RFLP, and the overall bacterial community structures were diverse. Even though both represent complex systems, trees and rhizoidal microbes in combination can provide interesting possibilities for bioremediation of PAH-polluted soils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, University of Kuopio, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. arja.tervahauta@uku.fi
authors.forename: Arja I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Tervahauta
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fortelius
authors.forename: Marjo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuomainen
authors.forename: Marja-Leena
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Akerman
authors.forename: Kimmo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rantalainen
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sipilä
authors.forename: Satu J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lehesranta
authors.forename: Kaisa M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Koistinen
authors.forename: Sirpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kärenlampi
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yrjälä
mesh_terms: D000873:Anthracenes / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D029662:Betula / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D017753:Ecosystem; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000378:metabolism; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000378:metabolism; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020543:Proteome / Q000187:drug effects; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D005449:Fluorenes; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D020543:Proteome; D011721:Pyrenes; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C007738:fluoranthene; C031181:phenanthrene; C030984:pyrene; C034020:anthracene