title: Serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms in patients with chronic tension-type headache: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study is designed to understand the pathophysiology of one of the most serious health problems, chronic tension-type headache (CTTH). Two polymorphic sites in serotonin transporter protein gene attracted much interest. These are: the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) and 5'-flanking promoter region (5-HTTLPR).
  
  
  METHODS
  VNTR and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms were investigated in 126 CTTH patients and 138 healthy control subjects. The patients were being treated with amitripytyline or citalopram or sertraline (SSRI). The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used to investigate the polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter protein gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant results based on the 5-HTTLPR gene alleles, however, STin 2.12/12 genotype and STin 2.12 allele were seen to predominate the control group. In order to investigate the combined effect of the two polymorphic loci on the 5-HTT gene expression, samples were separated into nine groups. Genotypes (S/S-12/10) and (L/S-12/10) displayed statistically significant frequency in the CTTH group than in the control group. No significant differences were noticed between the 5-HTTLPR and VNTR haplotype groups and success in treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to make reliable comparisons and hypothesis about the homozygous and/or heterozygous presence of S and STin 12/10 alleles which may be in interaction with CTTH. On the other hand, the presence of homozygous L and STin12 alleles may play a protective role against CTTH. It is also possible that heterogeneity among diseases showing the same clinical research will require a lot of effort for individual identification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Gaziantep University, School of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey.
authors.forename: Akcali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aylin
authors.forename: Tataroglu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cengiz
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Emin
authors.forename: Aydin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neriman
authors.forename: Pehlivan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sacide
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018781:Tension-Type Headache / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins