title: Endoscopic resection of superficial gastrointestinal tumors.
abstract: Therapeutic endoscopy plays a major role in the management of gastrointestinal (GI) neoplasia. Its indications can be generalized into four broad categories; to remove or obliterate neoplastic lesion, to palliate malignant obstruction, or to treat bleeding. Only endoscopic resection allows complete histological staging of the cancer, which is critical as it allows stratification and refinement for further treatment. Although other endoscopic techniques, such as ablation therapy, may also cure early GI cancer, they can not provide a definitive pathological specimen. Early stage lesions reveal low frequency of lymph node metastasis which allows for less invasive treatments and thereby improving the quality of life when compared to surgery. Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are now accepted worldwide as treatment modalities for early cancers of the GI tract.
authors.affiliation: Endoscopic Unit, Paoli-Calmettes Institute, 232 Bd. St-Marguerite, Cedex 13273, France. uemco@marseille.fnclcc.fr
authors.forename: Giovannini
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marc
authors.forename: Cesar Vivian
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D004379:Duodenal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000601:surgery; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000601:surgery