Risk factors of thrombosis in abdominal veins.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the prevalence of inherited and acquired thrombophilic risk factors in patients with abdominal venous thrombosis and to compare the risk factor profiles between Budd-Chiari syndromes (BCS) and splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT).


METHODS
In this retrospective study, 36 patients with abdominal venous thrombosis were studied. The patients were divided into Budd-Chiari group (hepatic vein, IVC thrombosis) and splanchnic venous thrombosis group (portal, splenic, superior mesenteric veins) based on the veins involved. Hereditary and acquired thrombophilic risk factors were evaluated in all patients.


RESULTS
Twenty patients had SVT, 14 had BCS, and 2 had mixed venous thrombosis. Ten patients (28%) had hereditary and 10 patients (28%) acquired thrombophilic risk factors. The acquired risk factors were significantly more common in the SVT group (SVT vs BCS: 45% vs 7%, c2 = 5.7, P = 0.02) while hereditary risk factors did not show significant differences between the two groups (SVT vs BCS: 25% vs 36%, c2 = 0.46, P = 0.7). Multiple risk factors were present in one (7%) patient with BCS and in 3 patients (15%) with SVT. No risk factors were identified in 57% of patients with BCS and in 45% of patients with SVT.


CONCLUSIONS
Hereditary and acquired risk factors play an important role in the etiopathogenesis of abdominal venous thrombosis. Acquired risk factors are significantly more common in SVT patients while hereditary factors are similar in both groups.
Dutta
Amit-Kumar
AK
Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore 632 004, India.
Chacko
Ashok
A
George
Biju
B
Joseph
Joseph Anjilivelil
JA
Nair
Sukesh Chandran
SC
Mathews
Vikram
V
D000005:Abdomen / Q000098:blood supply*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006502:Budd-Chiari Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006503:Hepatic Veins / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013152:Splanchnic Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D013162:Splenic Vein / Q000503:physiopathology; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult