title: Structural insight into the recognition of the H3K4me3 mark by the TFIID subunit TAF3.
abstract: Trimethylation of lysine residue K4 of histone H3 (H3K4me3) strongly correlates with active promoters for RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes. Several reader proteins, including the basal transcription factor TFIID, for this nucleosomal mark have been identified. Its TAF3 subunit specifically binds the H3K4me3 mark via its conserved plant homeodomain (PHD) finger. Here, we report the solution structure of the TAF3-PHD finger and its complex with an H3K4me3 peptide. Using a combination of NMR, mutagenesis, and affinity measurements, we reveal the structural basis of binding affinity, methylation-state specificity, and crosstalk with asymmetric dimethylation of R2. A unique local structure rearrangement in the K4me3-binding pocket of TAF3 due to a conserved sequence insertion underscores the requirement for cation-pi interactions by two aromatic residues. Interference by asymmetric dimethylation of arginine 2 suggests that a H3R2/K4 "methyl-methyl" switch in the histone code dynamically regulates TFIID-promoter association.
authors.affiliation: Bijvoet Centre for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Ingen
authors.forename: Frederik M A
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: van Schaik
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wienk
authors.forename: Joost
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ballering
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rehmann
authors.forename: Annemarie C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Dechesne
authors.forename: John A W
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kruijzer
authors.forename: Rob M J
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Liskamp
authors.forename: H Th Marc
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Timmers
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boelens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008745:Methylation; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000737:chemistry; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035381:TATA-Binding Protein Associated Factors; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D010455:Peptides; D021122:Protein Subunits; C432689:TAF3 protein, human; D035381:TATA-Binding Protein Associated Factors; C532029:Taf3 protein, mouse; D035362:Transcription Factor TFIID