title: Enteric fever in Mumbai--clinical profile, sensitivity patterns and response to antimicrobials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Enteric fever is endemic in Mumbai and its diagnosis poses several problems. Our main aim was to study the clinical profile, haematological features of culture proven typhoid cases, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates and the time to defervescence with the treatment received.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retospective chart review of all cases of culture proven enteric fever carried out at a tertiary care private hospital in Mumbai over the period January 2003 to September 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Culture positivity in our study was 52.6%. Sixty one percent of the isolates were Salmonella typhi while 39% were Salmonella paratyphi A. An absolute eosinopenia was seen in 76.9% of the patients. Before being admitted to the hospital, 46.2% received antibiotics. The mean time to defervescence in patients who received prior antibiotics was 4.5 days while that in those who did not receive prior antibiotics was 5.1 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high culture positivity despite prior or ongoing antibiotic treatment was seen. Absolute eosinophil count of 0% could be an important marker of typhoid. High prevalence of nalidixic acid resistance, a marker of resistance to fluoroquinolones was observed. Combination treatment was not found to be superior to treatment with a single antibiotic.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Infectious Diseases, P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Veer Savarkar Marg, Mahim, Mumbai 400016, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jog
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soman
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Singhal
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: F D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Dastur
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012482:Salmonella paratyphi A / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents