title: Whole-brain atrophy rate and CSF biomarker levels in MCI and AD: a longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess associations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker levels and MRI-based whole-brain atrophy rate in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 99 patients (47 AD, 29 MCI, 23 controls) who underwent lumbar puncture at baseline and repeat MRI. A subgroup of 48 patients underwent a second lumbar puncture. CSF levels of beta-amyloid(1-42) (A beta(1-42)), tau and tau phosphorylated at threonine-181 (P-tau(181)), and whole-brain atrophy rate were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Across groups, baseline A beta(1-42) and tau were modestly associated with whole-brain atrophy rate. Adjusted for age, sex and diagnosis, we found no association between A beta(1-42) or tau, and whole-brain atrophy rate. By contrast, high CSF levels of P-tau(181) showed a mild association with a lower whole-brain atrophy rate in AD but not in controls or MCI patients. Finally, whole-brain atrophy rate was associated with change in MMSE, but change in CSF biomarker levels was not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whole-brain atrophy rate and CSF levels of A beta(1-42,) tau or P-tau(181) provide complementary information in patients with MCI and AD.
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Centre and Department of Diagnostic Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. jd.sluimer@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Jasper D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sluimer
authors.forename: Femke H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Bouwman
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vrenken
authors.forename: Marinus A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Blankenstein
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.forename: Wiesje M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: van der Flier
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheltens
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000473:pathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D016875:tau Proteins