title: Kinetics of cytokine profile during intraperitoneal inoculation of Japanese encephalitis virus in BALB/c mice model.
abstract: Infection with Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is mostly asymptomatic/subclinical in 90% of the individuals. Host immune response during subclinical JEV infection is poorly understood. We assessed iNOS, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-10 and IL-4 production in spleen, brain and sera of intraperitoneally challenged BALB/c mice by RT-PCR and ELISA along with brain histopathology at different days post inoculation (d.p.i.). In spleen of virus infected mice, expression of all cytokines including iNOS mRNA were upregulated till 5d.p.i. followed by decline. At 5d.p.i., IL-10 expression outcompeted TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-4. However, in the virus infected mice sera, IL-4 production predominated over TNF-alpha and IL-10 at 5d.p.i. Conversely, cytokines expression and iNOS mRNA remained unchanged in the brain of virus infected mice from 1 to 7d.p.i. A significant increase in the cytokine expression was observed at 11d.p.i. (P<0.05) in virus infected mice brain, with the predominance of IL-10 along with the presence of meningeal inflammation and viral RNA by histology and RT-PCR, respectively. We report a biased pattern of cytokine production in sera, brain and spleen of mice intraperitoneally challenged with JEV. IL-10 exerts neuroprotective function during JEV and regulates deleterious effects of proinflammatory cytokines; however, its mechanism needs further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226 014, India.
authors.forename: Vandana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: Asha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.forename: Narendra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krishnani
authors.forename: Tapan N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Dhole
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000097:blood; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse