title: Does peak intraocular pressure measured by water drinking test reflect peak circadian levels? A pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine whether there is a correlation between peak intraocular pressure (IOP) measured after water drinking test (WDT) and patient's peak daytime IOP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who were diagnosed with glaucoma, ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma-like discs were enrolled in this prospective observational pilot study. All subjects underwent daytime IOP measurement by a single observer using a Goldmann Applanation Tonometer at 3-h intervals. Subjects were then given 10 mL/kg body weight of water to drink over 5 min; IOP was measured every 15 min for an hour. Correlations between peak IOP and IOP fluctuations as measured by the two methods were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five patients were recruited for the study. There were 16 males and 9 females. The mean age was 68.8 +/- 8.7 years (50-82 years), and 48% had primary open angle glaucoma. The mean peak IOP measured by diurnal testing (15.52 +/- 3.6 mm Hg) was not statistically different from that measured by WDT (15.92 +/- 3.2 mm Hg) (P = 0.7). The mean fluctuation in IOP measured during the day (2.32 +/- 1.3 mm Hg) was also not significantly different from that measured by WDT (2.24 +/- 1.2 mm Hg) (P = 0.8). Though peak IOP measured during diurnal testing showed strong correlation with peak IOP during WDT (r = 0.876), IOP fluctuation measured by the two tests showed poor correlation (r = -0.0789).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  WDT may provide a satisfactory alternative measure of peak IOP in a clinic setting. A larger sample is required to assess whether it is a good measure of IOP fluctuation.
authors.affiliation: Glaucoma Services, Sydney Hospital and Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Rajesh S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Maria Hannah Pia
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: de Guzman
authors.forename: Poh Yan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004326:Drinking; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013997:Time Factors; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular