title: Influence of early antioxidant supplements on clinical evolution and organ function in critically ill cardiac surgery, major trauma, and subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxidative stress is involved in the development of secondary tissue damage and organ failure. Micronutrients contributing to the antioxidant (AOX) defense exhibit low plasma levels during critical illness. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of early AOX micronutrients on clinical outcome in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with conditions characterized by oxidative stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-center trial in patients admitted to a university hospital ICU with organ failure after complicated cardiac surgery, major trauma, or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stratification by diagnosis was performed before randomization. The intervention was intravenous supplements for 5 days (selenium 270 microg, zinc 30 mg, vitamin C 1.1 g, and vitamin B1 100 mg) with a double-loading dose on days 1 and 2 or placebo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred patients were included (102 AOX and 98 placebo). While age and gender did not differ, brain injury was more severe in the AOX trauma group (P = 0.019). Organ function endpoints did not differ: incidence of acute kidney failure and sequential organ failure assessment score decrease were similar (-3.2 +/- 3.2 versus -4.2 +/- 2.3 over the course of 5 days). Plasma concentrations of selenium, zinc, and glutathione peroxidase, low on admission, increased significantly to within normal values in the AOX group. C-reactive protein decreased faster in the AOX group (P = 0.039). Infectious complications did not differ. Length of hospital stay did not differ (16.5 versus 20 days), being shorter only in surviving AOX trauma patients (-10 days; P = 0.045).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The AOX intervention did not reduce early organ dysfunction but significantly reduced the inflammatory response in cardiac surgery and trauma patients, which may prove beneficial in conditions with an intense inflammation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Clinical Trials.gov RCT Register: NCT00515736.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine & Burns Centre, University Hospital (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, CHUV), Rue du Bugnon 46, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. Mette.Berger@chuv.ch
authors.forename: Mette M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Ludivine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Soguel
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shenkin
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Revelly
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pinget
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baines
authors.forename: René L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Chioléro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D020214:Cerebrovascular Trauma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants