title: Quality of life and psychological well-being in patients with various pacing modes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  of the study was to assess the influence of different pacing modes on the quality of life (QOL), anxiety and depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  QOL was assessed in 101 patients (58 men, mean age 69.39 +/- 14.64 years) with implanted pacemaker (35 patients received VVI pacemaker, 17 patients VVIR, 21 patients DDD, 28 patients DDDR). QOL was measured by the SF-36 and Aquarel questionnaires, anxiety by Beck scale and depression by Zung scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences in QOL were observed between patients with single chamber and dual chamber pacing. Patients with rate-adaptive pacing had higher scores in SF 36 scales (physical component summary, mental component summary, vitality and bodily pain), Aquarel (chest pain and dyspnea) and they exhibited lower degree of anxiety and depression compared to non-rate-adaptive pacing. Differences were shown only in a group of dual chamber pacemakers, not in the group of single chamber pacemakers. There was a strong correlation between the degree of anxiety and depression and the QOL in pacemaker patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dual chamber rate-adaptive pacing offered better QOL and psychological profile compared to dual chamber non-rate-adaptive pacing. No differences were observed between single chamber and dual chamber pacing (Tab. 3, Fig. 3, Ref. 24).
authors.affiliation: 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of P.J. Safarik University, L. Pasteur University Hospital, Kosice, Slovakia. p.mitro@kosice.upjs.sk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mitro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotianova
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bodnar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skorodensky
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Valocik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires