title: Effect of spatial design and thermal oxidation on apatite formation on Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb alloy.
abstract: Apatite formation on the surface of titanium and its alloys is effective for inducing osteoconductivity when implanted in bony defects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of thermal oxidation on apatite formation in macro-grooves on Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb. Thermal oxidation at 500 and 600 degrees C in air led to modification of the Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb surface to rutile phase titanium oxide. Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb thermally oxidized at 500 degrees C in air showed no changes in metallographic structure, but not at 600 degrees C. After soaking in a simulated body fluid for 7days, the formation of apatite could be observed on the internal surfaces of macro-grooves 500mum deep and wide on Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb thermally oxidized at 500 and 600 degrees C in air. These results indicate the potential for osteoconductivity of Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb without changing its metallographic structure, by fabricating only the macro-grooves, i.e., spatial design, and by performing thermal oxidation at 500 degrees C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crystalline Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi 464-8603, Japan. a.sugino@nakashima.co.jp
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugino
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohtsuki
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuru
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osaka
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009556:Niobium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D013499:Surface Properties; D013635:Tantalum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D001031:Apatites; D008670:Metals; D009556:Niobium; C009495:titanium dioxide; D013635:Tantalum; D015040:Zirconium; D014025:Titanium; D010100:Oxygen