title: Functional organization of inferior parietal lobule convexity in the macaque monkey: electrophysiological characterization of motor, sensory and mirror responses and their correlation with cytoarchitectonic areas.
abstract: The general view on the functional role of the monkey inferior parietal lobule (IPL) convexity mainly derives from studies carried out more than two decades ago and does not account for the functional complexity suggested by more recent neuroanatomical findings. We investigated this issue by recording multi- and single units in the IPL convexity of two monkeys and characterizing their somatosensory, visual and motor responses, using a naturalistic (ethologically relevant) approach. These properties were then matched with IPL cytoarchitectonic parcellation. A further aim of this study was to describe the general properties and the localization of IPL mirror neurons, until now not investigated in detail. Results showed that each studied cytoarchitectonic subdivision of the IPL (PF, PFG, PG) is characterized by specific sensory and motor properties. A key feature of the recorded motor neurons is that of coding goal-directed motor acts. Motor responses are somatotopically organized in a rostro-caudal fashion, with mouth, hand and arm represented in PF, PFG and PG, respectively, with a certain degree of overlap between adjacent representations. In each subdivision the motor activity is associated with specific somatosensory and visual responses, suggesting that each area organizes motor acts in different space sectors. Mirror neurons have been found mainly in area PFG and their general features appear to be very similar to those of ventral premotor mirror neurons. The present data suggest that the IPL plays an important role in both action organization and action understanding and should be considered part of the motor system.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Parma, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rozzi
authors.forename: Pier Francesco
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bonini
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rizzolatti
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fogassi
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001132:Arm / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D008254:Macaca nemestrina; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D009055:Mouth / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D011434:Proprioception / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012677:Sensation / Q000502:physiology*; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D055698:Touch Perception / Q000502:physiology