title: Nucleoredoxin regulates the Wnt/planar cell polarity pathway in Xenopus.
abstract: The Wnt signaling pathway is conserved across species, and is essential for early development. We previously identified nucleoredoxin (NRX) as a protein that interacts with dishevelled (Dvl) in vivo to negatively regulate the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. However, whether NRX affects another branch of the Wnt pathway, the Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, remains unclear. Here we show that NRX regulates the Wnt/PCP pathway. In Xenopus laevis, over-expression or depletion of NRX by injection of NRX mRNA or antisense morpholino oligonucleotide, respectively, yields the bent-axis phenotype that is typically observed in embryos with abnormal PCP pathway activity. In co-injection experiments of Dvl and NRX mRNA, NRX suppresses the Dvl-induced bent-axis phenotype. Over-expression or depletion of NRX also suppresses the convergent extension movements that are believed to underlie normal gastrulation. We also found that NRX can inhibit Dvl-induced up-regulation of c-Jun phosphorylation. These results indicate that NRX plays crucial roles in the Wnt/PCP pathway through Dvl and regulates Xenopus gastrulation movements.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Intracellular Signaling, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Funato
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Michiue
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terabayashi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yukita
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Danno
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asashima
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000235:genetics*; D008845:Microinjections; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014981:Xenopus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C105231:nucleoredoxin