title: Therapeutic uses of Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae) in southern Africa.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The African-Arabian succulent genus Aloe L. (Aloaceae/Asphodelaceae) is represented by approximately 120 infrageneric taxa in southern Africa, including A. ferox Mill., a species long used in commercial natural products.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the documented ethnobotanical knowledge and biocultural value of utility in the genus in southern Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey of over 350 multidisciplinary publications was undertaken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local uses for medicine and wellbeing were identified for over half the species of Aloe occurring in the Flora of Southern Africa region. The most frequently cited medicinal uses were the treatment of infections and internal parasites, digestive ailments and injuries. Numerous species were recorded for their social uses, notably as ingredients in tobacco snuff.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The exceptional infrageneric diversity of Aloe, and extensive therapeutic uses in southern Africa, indicate its cultural importance in the subcontinent. These factors highlight the need for the conservation of the species as well as their potential as a source of natural products.
authors.affiliation: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Surrey TW9 3AB, United Kingdom. o.grace@kew.org.uk
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Grace
authors.forename: M S J
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Simmonds
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: van Wyk
mesh_terms: D000353:Africa, Southern; D000504:Aloe / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010939:Plant Poisoning; D012919:Social Behavior; D013019:South Africa