title: Evaluating the potential of IP-10 and MCP-2 as biomarkers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of diagnostic tests based on interferon-gamma inducible protein (IP)-10 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-2, and compare the performance with the QuantiFERON TB Gold In-Tube (QFT-IT; Cellestis, Carnagie, Australia) test. IP-10 and MCP-2 were determined in supernatants from whole blood stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens. Samples were obtained from 80 patients with culture- and/or PCR-proven tuberculosis (TB), and 124 unexposed healthy controls: 86 high school students and 38 high school staff. IP-10 and MCP-2 test cut-offs were established based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. TB patients produced significantly higher levels (median) of IP-10 (2158 pg x mL(-1)) and MCP-2 (379 pg x mL(-1)) compared with interferon (IFN)-gamma (215 pg x mL(-1)). The QFT-IT, IP-10 and MCP-2 tests detected 81, 83 and 71% of the TB patients; 0, 3 and 0% of the high school students and 0, 16 and 3% of the staff, respectively. Agreement between tests was high (>89%). By combining IP-10 and IFN-gamma tests, the detection rate increased among TB patients to 90% without a significant increase in positive responders among the students. In conclusion, interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 and monocyte chemotactic protein-2 responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens could be used to diagnose infection. Combining interferon-gamma inducible protein-10 and interferon-gamma may be a simple approach to increase the detection rate of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific in vitro tests.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Infectious Diseases 144, Copenhagen University, Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark. mruhwald@mail.dk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruhwald
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bodmer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jepsen
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Haaland
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eugen-Olsen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ravn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054412:Chemokine CCL8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C515453:CCL8 protein, human; D054412:Chemokine CCL8; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007371:Interferon-gamma