title: Interobserver agreement in grading activity and site of inflammation in eyes of patients with uveitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the reproducibility of new criteria for grading the site and activity of intraocular inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional agreement study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Grading of 202 eyes of 101 patients with uveitis was conducted by pairs of uveitis subspecialists at three uveitis subspecialty clinics. Agreement in grading location of inflammation, anterior chamber (AC) cells, AC flare, vitreous cells (present or absent), and vitreous haze was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proposed criteria for grading the location of intraocular inflammation had moderate reproducibility (kappa range, 0.49 to 0.61). Reproducibility improved (kappa range, 0.61 to 0.73) when the newly proposed category of anterior and intermediate uveitis was excluded. The ranges of kappa statistics for exact agreement on gradings of AC cells (range, 0.34 to 0.43) demonstrated low to moderate levels of agreement, and gradings of AC flare (range, 0.50 to 0.64), vitreous cells (range, 0.48 to 0.51), and vitreous haze (0.53) were in the moderate agreement range. However, agreement within 1 grade was outstanding for AC cells (kappa range, 0.81 to 1.00) and vitreous haze (kappa, 0.75). For AC flare, a distribution skewed toward low grades within 1 grade made kappa statistics unstable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proposed methods for grading inflammatory activity have moderate reproducibility for exact agreement in most instances. However, agreement within 1 grade is excellent for grading of AC cells and vitreous haze. The method for grading the site of intraocular inflammation also produces moderate levels of agreement, and in our hands was improved by excluding both anterior and intermediate uveitis. Improved methods for grading AC flare and vitreous cells are needed.
authors.affiliation: Center for Preventive Ophthalmologyand Biostatistics, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Suite 700, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. john.kempen@uphs.upenn.edu
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kempen
authors.forename: Sudha K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ganesh
authors.forename: Virender S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Sangwan
authors.forename: Sivakumar R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Rathinam
mesh_terms: D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000473:pathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000145:classification; D015588:Observer Variation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014605:Uveitis / Q000145:classification*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000473:pathology