title: Second-line therapy with dorzolamide/timolol or latanoprost/timolol fixed combination versus adding dorzolamide/timolol fixed combination to latanoprost monotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate open-angle glaucoma patients, who were insufficiently controlled on latanoprost monotherapy, to determine the 24 h intraocular pressure (IOP) efficacy and safety when changing them to dorzolamide/timolol (DTFC) or latanoprost/timolol fixed combination (LTFC) or adding DTFC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, observer-masked, placebo-controlled, crossover, comparison. Consecutive adults with primary open-angle or exfoliative glaucoma who exhibit a mean baseline IOP >21 mm Hg on latanoprost monotherapy were randomised for 3 months to: DTFC, LTFC or DTFC and latanoprost. Patients were then crossed over to the next treatment for periods 2 and 3. At the end of the latanoprost run-in and after each 3-month treatment period, patients underwent 24 h IOP monitoring.
  
  
  RESULTS
  31 patients completed this study. All three adjunctive therapies significantly reduced the IOP at each time point and for the mean 24 h curve, except at 18:00 and 02:00 with DTFC and 02:00 with LTFC. When the three treatments were compared directly, the DTFC and latanoprost therapy demonstrated lower IOPs versus the other treatment groups, including: the mean 24 h pressure, maximum as well as minimum levels and individual time points following a modified Bonferroni correction (p<0.0032).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed DTFC, LTFC and the addition of DTFC to latanoprost significantly decrease the IOP compared with latanoprost alone, but the latter therapy regime yields the greatest IOP reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department Ophthalmology, Glaucoma Unit, 1st University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: A G P
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Konstas
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mikropoulos
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Dimopoulos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moumtzis
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000077338:Latanoprost; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013999:Timolol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013876:Thiophenes; D000077338:Latanoprost; D013999:Timolol; C062765:dorzolamide