title: Effects of protein versus simple sugar intake on weight loss in polycystic ovary syndrome (according to the National Institutes of Health criteria).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of protein vs. simple sugars on weight loss, body composition, and metabolic and endocrine parameters in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-month, free-living, randomized, single-blinded study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University PCOS clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients with PCOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  To achieve a final energy reduction of 450 kcal/day, first the daily energy intake was reduced by 700 kcal; then a 240-kcal supplement containing either whey protein or simple sugars was added.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in weight, fat mass, fasting glucose and insulin, plasma lipoproteins, and sex steroids.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four subjects (13 in the simple sugars group and 11 in the protein group) completed the study. The protein group lost more weight (-3.3 +/- 0.8 kg vs. -1.1 +/- 0.6 kg) and more fat mass (-3.1 +/- 0.9 kg vs. -0.5 +/- 0.6 kg) and had larger decreases in serum cholesterol (-33.0 +/- 8.4 mg/dL vs. -2.3 +/- 6.8 mg/dL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-4.5 +/- 1.3 mg/dL vs. -0.4 +/- 1.3 mg/dL), and apoprotein B (-20 +/- 5 mg/dL vs. 3 +/- 5 mg/dL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with PCOS, a hypocaloric diet supplemented with protein reduced body weight, fat mass, serum cholesterol, and apoprotein B more than the diet supplemented with simple sugars.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of California-Davis, 4150 V Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA. sekarakas@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Sidika E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kasim-Karakas
authors.forename: Rogelio U
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Almario
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cunningham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002151:Calorimetry; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.); D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014481:United States; D015431:Weight Loss; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D020738:Leptin