title: Diagnostic dilemmas and clinical correlates of mixed states in bipolar disorder.
abstract: Patients with bipolar disorder frequently have varying degrees of mixed states rather than pure episodic manic and depressive episodes. However, DSM-IV-TR and ICD-10 criteria do not fully account for patients' varying presentations; currently, there is no consensus on whether mixed states is a distinct, categorically different type of mania or whether it is a transitional state between depression and mania. Inconsistent diagnostic criteria can be problematic for clinicians when treating patients.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Frye
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D032921:Consensus; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases