title: Analyses of subjects with hypokalemic metabolic alkolosis, Gitelman's and Bartter's syndrome.
abstract: The two most common forms of inherited normotensive hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis are Bartter's and Gitelman's syndromes. Bartter's is mostly seen in children, while Gittelman's is mostly seen in adolescents and adults. We analyze three subjects of adult-onset Gitelman's and Bartter's syndrome. The patients applied to our hospital due to severe hypokalemia with little clinical expression (paresthesia, cramp, polyuria, polydipsia, and/or weakness). All had normal blood pressure, hypokalemia, hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism, and a decrease in the fractional chloride reabsorption. Key elements in differential diagnosis of chronic hypokalemia are blood pressure assessment, acid base equilibrium, serum calcium concentration, and 24-hour urine potassium and calcium excretion.
authors.affiliation: GATA Haydarpasa Teaching Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. yalonem@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Yalcin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Onem
authors.forename: Yasar
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kucukardali
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sahan
authors.forename: Enes Murat
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Atasoyu
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ipcioğlu
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terekeci
authors.forename: Emrullah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Solmazgul
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Top
authors.forename: Cagatay
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oktenli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000471:Alkalosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D001477:Bartter Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D053579:Gitelman Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007008:Hypokalemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D011189:Potassium Chloride; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D011188:Potassium; D007213:Indomethacin