title: Development of the 3-SET 4P questionnaire for evaluating former ICU patients' physical and psychosocial problems over time: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current studies reveal a lack of consensus for the evaluation of physical and psychosocial problems after ICU stay and their changes over time.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to develop and evaluate the validity and reliability of a questionnaire for assessing physical and psychosocial problems over time for patients following ICU recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine patients completed the questionnaire, 17 were retested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The questionnaire was constructed in three sets: physical problems, psychosocial problems and follow-up care. Face and content validity were tested by nurses, researchers and patients. The questionnaire showed good construct validity in all three sets and had strong factor loadings (explained variance >70%, factor loadings >0.5) for all three sets. There was good concurrent validity compared with the SF 12 (r(s)>0.5). Internal consistency was shown to be reliable (Cronbach's alpha 0.70-0.85). Stability reliability on retesting was good for the physical and psychosocial sets (r(s)>0.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 3-set 4P questionnaire was a first step in developing an instrument for assessment of former ICU patients' problems over time. The sample size was small and thus, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. eva.akerman@skane.se
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akerman
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fridlund
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ersson
authors.forename: Anetth
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Granberg-Axéll
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000359:Aftercare / Q000379:methods*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003422:Critical Care / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment / Q000458:organization & administration; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D010865:Pilot Projects; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D013548:Sweden; D013997:Time Factors