title: Exposure of Ancistrus multispinis (Regan, 1912, Pisces, Teleostei) to deltamethrin: effects on cellular immunity.
abstract: The objective of this study performed in Ancistrus multispinis was to evaluate whether sublethal doses of deltamethrin (DM) could affect lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity and the production of nitric oxide (NO) by kidney macrophages exposed to LPS and/or DM. For cell migration studies, 10 fish were exposed to DM 0.1 or 0.3 mg kg(-1) or vehicle for 96 h. After this period, each group received LPS (0.1 microg kg(-1)) or saline and the cells were collected after 4h. For the production of NO, kidney macrophages were isolated from eight fish and the cells were incubated for 24 or 48 h with LPS (10 microg mL(-1)) and DM (0.3 and 1 microg mL(-1)). The results were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons test. A small leukocyte population (530+/-30.8 cells microL(-1)) was naturally observed in the peritoneal cavity, however after inoculation of LPS, the number of leukocytes was increased by 157%. For the fish treated with DM 0.1 and 0.3 mg kg(-1), total leukocytes had increased by 100 and 162%, respectively. The combination of LPS with the higher dose of DM showed a potentiating or additive effect. The production of NO was increased in all the treated groups in relation to the control group. The group DM 1 microg mL(-1) was also increased in relation to other groups. The "in vitro" method can be used to evaluate the potential effects of toxic agents on the fish immune system. Therefore, we can conclude that DM could increase the NO production of A. multispinis.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós graduação em Processos Biotecnológicos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cláudia Turra
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Pimpão
authors.forename: Aleksander Roberto
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zampronio
authors.forename: Helena Cristina
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Silva de Assis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002397:Catfishes / Q000276:immunology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009570:Nitriles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C017180:decamethrin; D009569:Nitric Oxide