title: Diagnostic and prognostic value of peritoneal cytology in biliary tract cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of peritoneal cytology provides valuable prognostic information in abdominal cancers. The aim of this study is to assess the incidence and the prognostic value of conventional peritoneal cytology in biliary tract cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of consecutive 41 patients with biliary cancers (17 bile duct, 20 gallbladder, 4 ampulla of Vater) underwent surgery between July 2003 and July 2005. Peritoneal cytology was performed in these patients at the beginning of laparotomy. On opening the abdomen, 100mL of normal saline were instilled into the subhepatic space and retrieved. Cytologic analysis was performed using the Papanicolau technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall incidence of positive cytology findings was 9.8% (4/41). When analyzed by disease factors or stage, the prevalence of positive cytology was 0% in T1/T2, 6% in T3, 38% in T4 (p=0.03), 0% in N0, 25% in N1 (p=.03), 3% in M0, 27% in M1 (p=0.02), 0% in Stage I/II and 27% in Stage III/IV cases (p<0.01), respectively. Although survival was worse in patients with positive peritoneal cytology, when adjusting TNM stage the positive peritoneal cytology did not have significant prognostic value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peritoneal cytology associates positively with advanced disease but does not increase prognostic information in biliary tract cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan. ajiki@med.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ajki
authors.forename: Tsunenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Ippei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Yonson
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ku
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000166:cytology*; D010533:Peritoneal Lavage; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis