title: Transnasal endoscopic repair of acquired posterior choanal stenosis and atresia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are congenital and acquired choanal atresias and many approaches have been used for their repair. We assessed the clinical effect of power instrument, endoscopic repair of acquired choanal stenosis and atresia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen patients, aged from 32 to 61 years, with acquired choanal stenosis and atresia (from trauma in 5 cases and from radiotherapy after nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 14; 6 bilateral and 13 unilateral cases), underwent transnasal endoscopic repair of choanal stenosis and atresia. No patient had stenting. Antibiotic and local glucocorticoid were administered postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients remained free of symptoms for 12 - 40 months after the surgery, and the diameter of the neochoana was more than 1 cm after the procedure. One patient required revision surgery and recovered completely with no restenosis at 12 months after the second surgery. There were no postoperative complications. Histology of the resected tissue revealed respiratory epithelial-lined stromal tissue with chronic inflammation, edema and fibrosis, but no tumor cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transnasal endoscopic approach is a useful procedure for the repair of acquired choanal stenosis and atresia: it is highly successful, safe and effective with swift recovery and short time of hospitalization. It is very important in postoperative care to remove any granulation or polyps at the site of the neochoana at that time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China. huxl324@163.com
authors.forename: Qin-ying
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shen-qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hai-hong
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002754:Choanal Atresia / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000601:surgery; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome