title: Autoimmune myasthenia gravis and dysautonomia in a dog.
abstract: A two-year-old male entire border collie dog was evaluated for a short history of mixed bowel diarrhoea, coughing, vomiting and stranguria. Physical examination revealed dyspnoea with increased ventral lung sounds and a flaccidly distended bladder. Neurological examination revealed poor pupillary light reflexes, an absent gag reflex and a poor anal tone. Thoracic radiography was consistent with megaoesophagus and aspiration pneumonia. Clinicopathological testing revealed an elevated muscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antibody titre. The dog was euthanased because of clinical deterioration. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected immediately post-mortem revealed macrophagic pleocytosis. Post-mortem histopathological examination was consistent with dysautonomia. This is the first report of coexisting autoimmune myasthenia gravis and dysautonomia in a non-human species. The concomitant diseases may suggest a common immunopathological aetiology.
authors.affiliation: Dick White Referrals, Station Farm, London Road, Six Mile Bottom, Newmarket, Cambridgeshire CB8 OUH.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gajanayake
authors.forename: S J M
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Niessen
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Cherubini
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Shelton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020274:Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004285:Dogs; D037901:Euthanasia, Animal; D008297:Male; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D054969:Primary Dysautonomias / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*