title: Zyflamend reduces LTB4 formation and prevents oral carcinogenesis in a 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster cheek pouch model.
abstract: Aberrant arachidonic acid metabolism, especially altered cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) activities, has been associated with chronic inflammation as well as carcinogenesis in human oral cavity tissues. Here, we examined the effect of Zyflamend, a product containing 10 concentrated herbal extracts, on development of 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene (DMBA)-induced inflammation and oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A hamster cheek pouch model was used in which 0.5% DMBA was applied topically onto the left cheek pouch of male Syrian golden hamsters either three times per week for 3 weeks (short term) or 6 weeks (long term). Zyflamend was then applied topically at one of three different doses (25, 50 and 100 microl) onto the left cheek pouch three times for 1 week (short-term study) or chronically for 18 weeks. Zyflamend significantly reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, incidence of hyperplasia and dysplastic lesions, bromodeoxyuridine-labeling index as well as number of SCC in a concentration-dependent manner. Application of Zyflamend (100 microl) reduced formation of leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) by 50% compared with DMBA-treated tissues. The reduction of LTB(4) was concentration dependent. The effect of Zyflamend on inhibition of LTB(4) formation was further confirmed with in vitro cell-based assay. Adding LTB(4) to RBL-1 cells, a rat leukemia cell line expressing high levels of 5-LOX and LTA(4) hydrolase, partially blocked antiproliferative effect of Zyflamend. This study demonstrates that Zyflamend inhibited LTB(4) formation and modulated adverse histopathological changes in the DMBA-induced hamster cheek pouch model. The study suggests that Zyflamend might prevent oral carcinogenesis at the post-initiation stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Therapeutics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
authors.forename: Peiying
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Carrie A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Cartwright
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijjeswarapu
authors.forename: Jibin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Xiaoxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Newman
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D010936:Plant Extracts; C519312:Zyflamend; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene