title: Evaluation of antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extracts from Aloe saponaria Haw.
abstract: Aloe species are traditionally prescribed for hypertension, burning, and rheumatoid arthritis. To elucidate the mechanism of the antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory activities of this herb, the ethanol fraction from A. saponaria Haw. was evaluated for antioxidative activity using xanthine-xanthine oxidase (XO) assay, 2,2-Diphenyl-lpicrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cell, and antinociceptive activity using a tail-flick assay and hind paw pressure assay in cisplatin-treated hyperalgesic rats. The ethanol fraction displayed potent antioxidative activities in XO assay. In addition, ethanol fractions showed potent scavenging effects in DPPH assay. We next examined whether ethanol fractions showed anti-inflammatory activities. Ethanol fractions significantly suppressed NO production from LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. As expected, ethanol fractions dose-dependently inhibited the messenger RNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS). Moreover, ethanol fractions potently suppressed the expression of cycloxygenase (COX)-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which are stimulated by LPS in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, ethanol fractions significantly blocked cisplatin-induced hyperalgesia using tail-flick assay and hind paw pressure test in rats. Taken altogether, ethanol extracts of aloe may be useful as a functional food or as a drug against reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated diseases.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiology & Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Ah
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Sung Dae
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Whi Min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hwa Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Youl
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Wongi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Man Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D000504:Aloe / Q000737:chemistry*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002460:Cell Line; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D002945:Cisplatin