title: Sacral nerve stimulation to treat nonobstructive urinary retention in women.
abstract: Nonobstructive urinary retention is an uncommon finding in women that may represent a difficult management problem for urologists and patients. Pharmacotherapy and urethral dilatation are rarely successful, and clean intermittent catheterization may be cumbersome. Those patients who cannot self-catheterize may be subjected to an indwelling catheter. Sacral nerve stimulation is a minimally invasive treatment for nonobstructive urinary retention, with 10 years of data documenting its long-term safety and efficacy. This minimally invasive treatment can restore satisfactory voiding in most patients and should be a routine part of treatment for this rare but important condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. ccomiter@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Craig V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Comiter
mesh_terms: D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D012447:Sacrum / Q000294:innervation*; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014563:Urodynamics