title: The relationship between the breast arterial calcification detected by mammography and the hypertensive retinopathy in hypertensive women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the breast arterial calcification (BAC) detected by mammograms and the hypertensive retinopathy (HR) in hypertensive women who underwent ophthalmologic examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Screening mammography was performed in 99 hypertensive women and these women also underwent an ophthalmologic examination. The presence of arterial calcification and the number of calcified blood vessels in each breast were evaluated. The grade of HR was determined. The presence of BAC and the number of blood vessels involved was compared according to the presence of HR and the grade of HR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 99 patients, HR was detected in 70 patients, and of these 70 patients, 42 patients had grade I HR and 28 had grade II HR. BAC was detected in 54 cases. Forty-six patients with HR (66%) and eight patients without HR (27%) were diagnosed with BAC after they underwent mammographic examination. The prevalence of BAC in the subjects who had HR was statistically higher than that in those subjects who did not have HR (p < 0.01). The grade of HR was not significantly associated with BAC (p > 0.05). The positive predictive value of the BAC detected on mammography for HR was 0.80 in those subjects who were > or = 60 years old.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The detection of BAC by mammography is associated with an increased risk of HR, and particularly for patients after the age of 60. The findings of BAC may be related to hypertensive end-organ damage, and performing mammograms might contribute to predicting the presence of ophthalmologic hypertensive complications in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Medical Faculty, Turkey. cuneytcalisir_72@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Cuneyt
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Calisir
authors.forename: Ulas Savas
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Yavas
authors.forename: Nazmiye
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Erol
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D001940:Breast / Q000098:blood supply*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008327:Mammography; D008875:Middle Aged; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000150:complications*