Warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage.
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most serious complication of oral anticoagulant therapy (OAT), with mortality in excess of 50%. Major risk factors are advanced patient age, elevated systolic blood pressure, intensity of anticoagulation, and previous cerebral ischemia. A number of acute treatments are available, but all have significant side effects and no randomized clinical trials assessing clinical outcome have been performed. Future trials will have to address choice and dose of agent, the timing of its administration, and the risk of side effects.
Cavallini
Anna
A
UC Malattie Cerebrovascolari/Stroke Unit IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C. Mondino, Via Mondino 2, 27100, Pavia, Italy. anna.cavallini@mondino.it
Fanucchi
Simona
S
Persico
Alessandra
A
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003029:Coagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D014859:Warfarin / Q000009:adverse effects*
D000925:Anticoagulants; D003029:Coagulants; D014859:Warfarin