title: Testing women for human immunodeficiency virus infection: who, when, and how?
abstract: Obstetrician-gynecologists provide comprehensive primary and preventive care for women and are ideally suited to provide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening for their patients. This paper provides a summary and rationale for the current recommendations for HIV testing among women in the United States, emphasizing recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists [corrected] Who should receive HIV testing, when and how often testing should be conducted, and how testing should be offered are discussed. These recommendations are described separately for general populations (including nonpregnant women) and for pregnant women and their infants.
authors.affiliation: Northrop Grumman Information Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. jill.clark@state.ma.us
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lampe
authors.forename: Denise J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jamieson
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006176:Gynecology / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D006678:HIV / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014481:United States; D016387:Women's Health