title: Drug abuse and intracranial hemorrhage.
abstract: The rate of strokes among amphetamine and cocaine abusers is increasing. The exact mechanism remains unclear. Many factors could be involved including vasospasm, cerebral vasculitis, enhanced platelet aggregation, cardioembolism, and hypertensive surges. Around 40% of patients have pre-existing lesions (aneurysms, artero-venous malformations). Cerebral angiographic examination is recommended in cases of cocaine-related intracerebral hemorrhage, especially if the hemorrhage is lobar or intraventricular.
authors.affiliation: SC Neurologia, A.O. Niguarda P.za Ospedale Maggiore 3, 20162, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pozzi
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roccatagliata
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sterzi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000009:adverse effects; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D003042:Cocaine; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine