title: Association study between reward dependence temperament and a polymorphism in the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene in a Japanese female population.
abstract: Cloninger's theory is that specific dimensions of temperament are associated with single neurotransmitter systems, and it is based on neurophysiologic and genetic approaches to the human traits. It suggests that overexpression of temperament could cause psychiatric illness. Based on this theory, we examined the correlation between reward dependence (RD) trait, measured with the Temperament and Character Inventory, and 5 polymorphisms in genes of norepinephrine pathways, ADRB1, COMT, PNMT, SLC18A1, and SLC6A2, in 85 Japanese female nursing students. We found that rs3764351 in PNMT was significantly associated with RD on Fisher's exact test (P = .029, P(corr) = .236). When haplotype analysis was performed for rs3764351 and rs876493 polymorphisms in the 5' flanking region of PNMT, 3 haplotypes were identified. Rs3764351 itself appeared to be correlated with RD in the present study of a specific population, although we could not demonstrate an association between RD and any of the haplotypes. Our findings have implications for the understanding of temperament using neurophysiologic approaches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genome Epidemiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Public Health, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yamano
authors.forename: Tokiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isowa
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto-Tamaoki
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kosugi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D054769:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010625:Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012201:Reward; D013694:Temperament; D050493:Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; C493449:SLC18A1 protein, human; C493227:SLC6A2 protein, human; D050493:Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins; D010625:Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase; D002394:Catechol O-Methyltransferase; C496567:GRK2 protein, human; D054769:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2