title: [The Y-STR polymorphisms and phylogenetic relationships of two minority populations in Liaoning province].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 11 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STR) loci in 484 male individuals from two minority populations, the Hui and Xibe, of Liaoning province, and to evaluate their forensic application values and genetic relationships with other 15 populations of China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven Y-STR loci in all samples were amplified with PowerPlex Y System, and the PCR products were analyzed by 310 Genetic Analyzer. Cluster analysis and neighbor-joining tree were applied to show the genetic distance among the populations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Hui people, 187 haplotypes were identified, and the overall haplotype diversity value was 0.9990. The gene diversity values (GD) for each locus ranged from 0.4783(DYS437) to 0.9679(DYS385a/b); In Xibe people, 237 haplotypes were identified, and the overall haplotype diversity value was 0.9984. The GD value for each locus ranged from 0.3618(DYS391) to 0.9686(DYS385a/b). Comparing with 15 reference populations, the genetic distance between the Hui and Xibe was the nearest (0.0257), and that between the Hui and Yi was the farthest (0.1046), while the genetic distance between Xibe and Korean was also the farthest (0.0978). The NJ tree was similar to the results of clustering analysis and all the 17 populations were clustered into 3 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genetic distribution of the 11 Y-STR loci in Liaoning Hui and Xibe ethnic groups showed favorable polymorphisms, therefore are suitable for forensic identification and paternity testing in the local area. The study of haplotype diversity among different populations is useful in understanding their origins, migrations and their relationships.
authors.affiliation: China University of Political Science and Law, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100040 People's Republic of China. brf1000cn@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Ru-feng
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Mei-sen
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Xiao-jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Zhi-ya
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Na
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D002681:China; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008913:Minority Groups; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics*