Circulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 is an independent correlate of proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease.
OBJECTIVE
Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) has been implicated in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease. However, there is no knowledge about the correlations between serum levels of MMP-2, proteinuria and atherosclerosis in patients with CKD. We investigated whether serum MMP-2 levels were associated with proteinuria, intima media thickness (IMT), and the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaque in CKD patients.


METHODS
CKD patients without hemodialysis (n = 99) were enrolled. MMP-2 levels were measured by an ELISA system. IMT and carotid atherosclerotic plaque were evaluated by a high-resolution ultrasonography.


RESULTS
Multivariate analyses revealed that low-density lipoprotein (p < 0.001), MMP-2 (p = 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (p = 0.011) were independent correlates of proteinuria. Age- and serum creatinine-adjusted MMP-2 levels were significantly increased (p = 0.001) in proportion to the increasing levels of proteinuria. Further, age (p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.015) and MMP-2 levels (p = 0.042) were independent correlates of IMT. MMP-2 levels were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in patients with atherosclerotic plaque than those without it.


CONCLUSIONS
The present study demonstrated that serum levels of MMP-2 were one of the independent correlates of proteinuria and IMT in patients with CKD. Our results suggest that serum MMP-2 levels may be one of the risk factors for renal damage and atherosclerosis in CKD patients.
Nagano
Makio
M
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
Fukami
Kei
K
Yamagishi
Sho-ichi
S
Ueda
Seiji
S
Kaida
Yusuke
Y
Matsumoto
Takafumi
T
Yoshimura
Junko
J
Hazama
Takuma
T
Takamiya
Yoshimi
Y
Kusumoto
Takuo
T
Gohara
Shojiro
S
Tanaka
Hideharu
H
Adachi
Hisashi
H
Okuda
Seiya
S
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D015415:Biomarkers; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2