title: Assessment and management of hospitalized suicidal patients.
abstract: Suicide in inpatient psychiatric settings is a critical problem. A comprehensive literature review was performed to determine risk factors for inpatient suicide, instruments for assessing suicide, and treatment of hospitalized suicidal patients. Findings suggested that root causes of inpatient suicide were factors related to the treatment environment, failure to assess patient behavioral characteristics, and staff reliance on no-suicide contracts. Recommendations include assessing suicide risk regularly throughout hospitalization, including on admission, during changes in a patient's mental or physical status, after a change in observation level, and before discharge. Orientation and inservice education for all staff and additional research on the psychometric properties of available suicide assessment instruments are also essential.
authors.affiliation: National Naval Medical Center, In-Patient Behavioral Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Mark Anthony
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Patricia B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Peggy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: El-Mallakh
authors.forename: Joanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Matthews
mesh_terms: D002423:Cause of Death; D015897:Comorbidity; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000401:mortality / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010358:Patient Participation; D018579:Patient Selection; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011594:Psychometrics; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017751:Safety Management; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D035502:Trust; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology