title: Increased matrix metalloproteinase-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 secretion but unaffected invasiveness of endometrial stromal cells in adenomyosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate cell invasiveness and the production of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-2 in endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) of adenomyosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one women with adenomyosis (study group) and 25 women without adenomyosis (control group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometrial stromal cells were purified from eutopic endometrium and were cultured in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Matrigel invasion assay and measurement of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 concentrations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endometrial stromal cell invasiveness of adenomyosis was not different from that of the control group (0.95 vs. 1, using the latter as the bench mark) in ESCs cultured alone. After the ESCs were cultured with IL-6, anti-IL-6, or GM6001 for 24 hours, the indices of cell invasion were not different between the two groups. MMP-2 (median 7.3 vs. 3.5 ng/mL) and TIMP-1 (median 12.1 vs. 3.9 ng/mL), but not MMP-9 and TIMP-2, secreted by ESCs in women with adenomyosis were much higher than those in women without adenomyosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The formation of adenomyosis does not result from altered invasiveness of ESCs. The concomitant elevation of MMP-2 and TIMP-1 may partially justify why invasiveness was not increased, but other enzymes should also be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jehn-Hsiahn
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ming-Yih
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Mei-Jou
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shee-Uan
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Shih
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hong-Nerng
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D003094:Collagen; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007797:Laminin; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011509:Proteoglycans; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; C059485:matrigel; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D003094:Collagen; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9