title: Biophysical characteristics of skin in diabetes: a controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cutaneous complications are common in diabetes. Previous assays suggest that hyperglycemia and decreased insulin signal are involved in the impairment of skin function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biophysical characteristics of skin in patients with diabetes mellitus and compares them with healthy non-diabetic controls.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure biophysical characteristic of skin including transepidermal water loss (TEWL), water content, sebum and skin elasticity in patients with diabetes mellitus and compare them with healthy non-diabetic controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study was conducted on 38 patients with diabetes and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy people. The biophysical properties of skin including stratum corneum (SC) hydration, sebum content, TEWL and skin elasticity were measured and compared between the two groups at three different locations of the body.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The measurement of SC hydration and TEWL showed no significant difference between diabetics and controls. The skin surface lipids on the forehead but not other sites were significantly lower in the diabetics than in the controls. Acoustic wave propagation speed, a measurement related to skin elasticity, was significantly lower in forearm and forehead of diabetics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes affects some functional properties of epidermis and dermis that may responsible for many cutaneous manifestations of diabetes. These results suggest that patients with diabetes mellitus tend to show a normal hydration state of the SC together with decreased sebaceous gland activity and impaired skin elasticity, without any impairment of the SC barrier function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Razi Hospital, University of Tehran/Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seirafi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Farsinejad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Firooz
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Davoudi
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Robati
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hoseini
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ehsani
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sadr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001703:Biophysics; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*