title: Development and immunogenicity of recombinant Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine strain ts-11 expressing chicken IFN-gamma.
abstract: Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a poultry pathogen that causes respiratory disease and loss of egg production worldwide. A live attenuated vaccine, ts-11, has been used for the control of MG in several countries. To improve the functionality of the vaccine and investigate its potential as a delivery vector for host immune molecules and foreign antigens, we have developed ts-11 as a vector to express and secrete chicken IFN-gamma (ts-11 C3) using a transposon-based delivery vector. Following administration of ts-11 C3 in chickens by eye drop, up to 2 weeks post-vaccination, neither significant systemic IFN-gamma expression nor an antibody response as determined by the rapid serum agglutination (RSA) could be detected, while moderate RSA scores were detected in birds vaccinated with ts-11. However, the MG-specific IFN-gamma response in spleen cultures was significantly enhanced in ts-11 C3 vaccinated chickens and, more interestingly, significant heterophil infiltration was detected in the tracheal epithelium in ts-11 C3 vaccinated birds, but not in ts-11 vaccinated birds. These results indicate that the IFN-gamma expressed by ts-11 C3 enhanced host cellular immunity rather than humoral immunity and may also have stimulated mucosal heterophil infiltration. These results also suggest that ts-11 is a promising vector for protective antigens of other chicken respiratory pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, Veterinary Preclinical Centre, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. ymuneta@affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muneta
authors.forename: Indu S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Panicker
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kanci
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Craick
authors.forename: Amir H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Noormohammadi
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bean
authors.forename: Glenn F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Browning
authors.forename: Philip F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Markham
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics*; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007114:Immunization; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D045686:Mycoplasma gallisepticum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D014132:Trachea / Q000473:pathology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D007371:Interferon-gamma