title: [Effects of combination of midazolam and propofol on anterograde amnesia in critical patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effects of sedation with midazolam and propofol on anterograde amnesia in critical patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty selected patients on mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit (ICU) were randomly divided into three subgroups (propofol, midazolam, and midazolam and propofol combination group), with 20 cases in each group. Patients who were awakened from sedation were showed with a card depicted with different colors, figures and numbers. When patients were totally conscious after weaning from mechanical ventilation,the influence of the different methods of sedation on anterograde amnesia of these critically ill patients was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) 70%, 95% and 90% of patients manifested amnesia in propofol, midazolam and the combination group, respectively. All the patients recovered their memory immediately in 30 minutes after withdrawal of the sedatives. (2) When midazolam was compared with propofol and combination group, time of onset was obviously prolonged after an intravenous injection of a load dose in midazolam group [(2.7+/-1.1) minutes and (3.1+/-1.3) minutes vs. (5.1+/-2.8) minutes], also was time of extubation after regaining of consciousness [(0.7+/-0.2) hour and (1.2+/-0.6) hours vs. (2.7+/-0.3) hours, all P<0.01]. There was no significant difference between propofol group and the combination group in time of onset and extubation (both P>0.05). (3) Cost of propofol [(2,100+/-125) yuan] was 75% higher than that of midazolam [(1,200+/-112) yuan, P<0.01], but cost of sedatives in the combination group [(1,300+/-132) yuan] was similar to that in midazolam group (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination of midazolam and propofol can not only ensure anterograde amnesia in critical patients, reduce drug dosage and adverse reactions, but also can help reduce the hospital expenses. This method may be a better sedation program in ICU.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Xuzhou 221009, Jiangsu, China. xujy2001@sohu.com
authors.forename: Ji-yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Mao-qin
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jia-qiong
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Yan-jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ti-jun
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000647:Amnesia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D016638:Critical Illness; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam; D015742:Propofol