Quantitative evaluation of waste prevention on the level of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs).
Waste prevention is a principle means of achieving the goals of waste management and a key element for developing sustainable economies. Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) contribute substantially to environmental degradation, often not even being aware of their environmental effects. Therefore, several initiatives have been launched in Austria aimed at supporting waste prevention measures on the level of SMEs. To promote the most efficient projects, they have to be evaluated with respect to their contribution to the goals of waste management. It is the aim of this paper to develop a methodology for evaluating waste prevention measures in SMEs based on their goal orientation. At first, conceptual problems of defining and delineating waste prevention activities are briefly discussed. Then an approach to evaluate waste prevention activities with respect to their environmental performance is presented and benchmarks which allow for an efficient use of the available funds are developed. Finally the evaluation method is applied to a number of former projects and the calculated results are analysed with respect to shortcomings and limitations of the model. It is found that the developed methodology can provide a tool for a more objective and comprehensible evaluation of waste prevention measures.
Laner
David
D
Vienna University of Technology, Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management, A-1040 Vienna, Karlsplatz 13/226, Austria. d.laner@iwa.tuwien.ac.at
Rechberger
Helmut
H
D002516:Ceramics; D002614:Chelating Agents; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005898:Glass; D007221:Industry; D010209:Paper; D010969:Plastics; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D014934:Wood
D002614:Chelating Agents; D010969:Plastics