title: Evaluation of sE-Selectin and sICAM-1 as parameters for renal function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In order to monitor acute renal failure, intensive care patients were examined, and routine as well as specialized parameters were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients at the Surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were examined daily over the entire period for which they stayed in the ICU. The patients were retrospectively classified as being either with or without acute renal failure. Group 1 consisted of 22 patients who resided in the ICU for 11-15 (median 14) days without ARF. Group 2 consisted of 11 patients who developed an ARF during their stay of 13-18 (median 16) days in the ICU. In addition to the routine parameters of diuresis, serum creatinine/urea, and clearance of creatinine, specialized parameters for kidney function, including the excretion rates of alpha1-microglobulin, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, and total protein, were compared with the excretion rate of soluble ICAM-1 and sE-Selectin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diuresis, serum creatinine, urea, and enzyme elimination were pathological among patients with ARF. Already on the day of admission, raised elimination rates of sICAM-1 were found in the urine of patients who had developed an ARF. While high values were still shown upon discharge, levels kept falling among patients without ARF. Clearly raised values were also shown for sE-Selectin compared to patients without ARF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  sICAM-1 and sE-Selectin as supplementary parameters indicating renal function revealed early signs of kidney damage. These parameters may play a major role in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for ARF (antibodies against ICAM-1 or sE-Selectin).
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Pain Therapy, Hospital Wittlich, Wittlich, Germany. mg.dehne@verbund-krankenhaus.de
authors.forename: Marius G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Dehne
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sablotzki
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mühling
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Röhrig
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meister
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000652:urine*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000652:urine*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019040:E-Selectin; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1