title: Protective immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by chemokine and cytokine conditioned CFP-10 differentiated dendritic cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dendritic cells (DCs) play major roles in mediating immune responses to mycobacteria. A crucial aspect of this is the priming of T cells via chemokines and cytokines. In this study we investigated the roles of chemokines RANTES and IP-10 in regulating protective responses from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) 10 kDa Culture Filtrate Protein-10 (CFP-10) differentiated DCs (CFP10-DCs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infection of CFP10-DCs with mycobacteria down-modulated RANTES and IP-10 levels. Pathway specific microarray analyses showed that in addition to RANTES and IP-10, mycobacteria infected CFP10-DCs showed reduced expression of many Th1 promoting chemokines and chemokine receptors. Importantly, T cells co-cultured with RANTES and IP-10 conditioned CFP10-DCs mediated killing of mycobacteria from infected macrophages. Similarly, T cells recruited by RANTES and IP-10 conditioned CFP10-DCs mediated significant killing of mycobacteria from infected macrophages. IFN-gamma treatment of CFP10-DCs restored RANTES and IP-10 levels and T cells activated by these DCs mediated significant killing of virulent M. tb inside macrophages. Adoptive transfer of either RANTES and IP-10 or IL-12 and IFN-gamma conditioned CFP10-DCs cleared an established M. tb infection in mice. The extent of clearance was similar to that obtained with drug treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that chemokine and cytokine secretion by DCs differentiated by M. tb antigens such as CFP-10 play major roles in regulating protective immune responses at sites of infection.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Nasir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salam
authors.forename: Shashank
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Shweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pahujani
authors.forename: Aprajita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Rajiv K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: Krishnamurthy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Natarajan
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000494:pharmacology; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000276:immunology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C489634:CFP-10 protein (71-85), Mycobacterium tuberculosis; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D010446:Peptide Fragments