title: Radioguided breast surgery for occult lesion localization - correlation between two methods.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The detection of sub-clinical breast lesions has increased with screening mammography. Biopsy techniques can offer precision and agility in its execution, as well as patient comfort. This trial compares radioguided occult lesion localization (ROLL) and wire-guided localization (WL) of breast lesions. We investigate if a procedure at the ambulatorial level (ROLL) could lead to a better aesthetic result and less postoperative pain. In addition, we intend to demonstrate the efficacy of radioguided localization and removal of occult breast lesions using radiopharmaceuticals injected directly into the lesions and correlate radiological and histopathological findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty patients were randomized into two groups (59 WL and 61 ROLL). The patients were requested to score the cosmetic appearance of their breast after surgery, and a numerical rating scale was used to measure pain on the first postoperative day. Clearance margins were considered at > or = 10 mm for invasive cancer, > or = 5 mm for ductal carcinoma in situ, and > or = 1 mm for benign disease. Patients were subsequently treated according to the definitive histological result. When appropriate, different statistical tests were used in order to test the significance between the two groups, considering a P value < 0.05 as statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  WL and ROLL located all the occult breast lesions successfully. In the ROLL group, the specimen volume was smaller and there were more cases with clear margins (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in mean time of hospital stay between WL and ROLL (21.42 vs. 2.56 hours), but not in operative time (39.4 vs. 29.9 minutes). There were significant differences in the subjective ease of the procedures as rated by the patients (cosmetic outcomes and postoperative pain).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ROLL is an effective method for the excision of non-palpable breast lesions. It enables more careful planning of the cutaneous incision, leading to better aesthetic results, less postoperative symptoms, and smaller volumes of excised tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Medicine School, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. moreno@unochapeco.edu.br
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Janete Eunice
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wiltgen
authors.forename: Benito
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bodanese
authors.forename: Ricardo Ludwig
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gutfilen
authors.forename: Lea Mirian Barbosa
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: da Fonseca
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging