title: Comparison of serum VEGF and its soluble receptor sVEGFR1 with serum cell-free DNA in patients with breast tumor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The observed elevated levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), its soluble receptor (sVEGFR1) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the serum of patients with various cancers have attracted much attention to the possibility of using these agents as biomarkers for cancers. We wanted to find out whether VEGF, VEGFR1 or cfDNA is a biomarker for breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to examine the levels of serum VEGF and VEGFR1 in 23 patients with benign tumors, 19 patients with breast cancer and 32 age-matched healthy females. The levels of circulating cell-free DNA were measured using TaqMan real-time PCR analysis for the glyceraldehydes 3 phosphate dehydrogenase gene (GAPDH), We compared the serum levels of VEGF and its soluble receptors with those of the cell-free serum DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In terms of serum levels of either VEGF or its soluble receptors VEGFR1, we found no significant difference between healthy individuals and women with benign breast tumors and breast cancer. However, there was a significant increase in circulating cell-free DNA in women with both benign and malignant breast tumors when compared with the corresponding healthy control group. We also found a significant negative correlation between VEGF and its soluble receptor VEGFR1 (r=-0.328 and p=0.004), and a significant positive correlation between VEGF and cell-free serum DNA (r=0.241 and p=0.033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We can conclude that quantitative analysis of circulating cell-free DNA in serum may provide molecular biological understanding of breast tumors in women. It would also suggest that serum levels of VEGF and VEGFR1 have less significance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Prenatal Medicine and Gynaecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital/Department Research, University of Basel, Room 416, Hebelstrasse 20, CH4031 Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Shereen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El Tarhouny
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seefeld
authors.forename: Alex Xiu-Cheng
authors.initials: AX
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Sinuhe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Holzgreve
authors.forename: Xiao Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood*; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D004247:DNA; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1