title: Restrictive left ventricular filling pattern and its effect on the clinical course of systolic heart failure in patients receiving carvedilol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To analyze differences in brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels depending on mitral flow pattern (MFP) and to assess the effects of carvedilol on changes in MFP, left ventricular function and exercise capacity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population consisted of 73 patients with symptomatic heart failure in NYHA classes II and III and LVEF < 40% without prior beta-blockade. In all patients at baseline, before carvedilol, and then at 3 and 12 months after initiation of treatment, the following parameters were assessed: HR(s), serum BNP, echocardiographic parameters, and exercise capacity with gas monitoring during cardiopulmonary stress test. Before carvedilol there was a positive correlation between BNP and E/A (r = 0.17; p = 0.05). BNP was significantly higher in patients with restrictive MFP (rMFP) as compared with nonrestrictive MFP (nrMFP) (541.5 +/- 206.7 vs. 412.6 +/- 207.2; p = 0.009), and lower VO(2peak) in rMFP as compared with nrMFP (12.5 +/- 3.7 vs. 16.5 +/- 4.7; p = 0.001). After initiation of carvedilol, the patients with rMFP had reduced E/A (2.9 vs. 1.4; p = 0.003), and rMFP was changed to nrMFP in 60.8% of patients. Respective BNP concentrations were 342.16 +/- 284.31 vs. 326.40 +/- 264.6; NS. In patients with rMFP VO(2peak) , %N increased significantly from 42.4 +/- 10.2 to 52.4 +/- 14.4; p = 0.012.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with systolic congestive heart failure, the presence of rMFP is related to higher BNP levels and reduced VO(2peak). Chronic treatment with carvedilol replaces rMFP with nrMFP and improves exercise capacity in some patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Coronary Disease, Institute of Cardiology, Kraków, Poland. jnessler@interia.pl
authors.forename: Jadwiga
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nessler
authors.forename: Bohdan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nessler
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitliński
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stepniewski
authors.forename: Wiesława
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Piwowarska
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D054143:Heart Failure, Systolic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D011336:Probability; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002227:Carbazoles; D011412:Propanolamines; D000077261:Carvedilol; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain