Hydrogen-rich pure water prevents superoxide formation in brain slices of vitamin C-depleted SMP30/GNL knockout mice.
Hydrogen is an established anti-oxidant that prevents acute oxidative stress. To clarify the mechanism of hydrogen's effect in the brain, we administered hydrogen-rich pure water (H(2)) to senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) mice, which cannot synthesize vitamin C (VC), also a well-known anti-oxidant. These KO mice were divided into three groups; recipients of H(2), VC, or pure water (H(2)O), administered for 33 days. VC levels in H(2) and H(2)O groups were <6% of those in the VC group. Subsequently, superoxide formation during hypoxia-reoxygenation treatment of brain slices from these groups was estimated by a real-time biography imaging system, which models living brain tissues, with Lucigenin used as chemiluminescence probe for superoxide. A significant 27.2% less superoxide formed in the H(2) group subjected to ischemia-reperfusion than in the H(2)O group. Thus hydrogen-rich pure water acts as an anti-oxidant in the brain slices and prevents superoxide formation.
Sato
Yasunori
Y
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
Kajiyama
Shizuo
S
Amano
Akiko
A
Kondo
Yoshitaka
Y
Sasaki
Toru
T
Handa
Setsuko
S
Takahashi
Ryoya
R
Fukui
Michiaki
M
Hasegawa
Goji
G
Nakamura
Naoto
N
Fujinawa
Hikohito
H
Mori
Toyotaka
T
Ohta
Mitsuhiro
M
Obayashi
Hiroshi
H
Maruyama
Naoki
N
Ishigami
Akihito
A
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008954:Models, Biological; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013481:Superoxides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000975:Antioxidants; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C513324:Rgn protein, mouse; D014867:Water; D013481:Superoxides; D006859:Hydrogen; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C020579:gluconolactonase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid