title: Attachment, proliferation and osteogenic response of osteoblast-like cells cultured on titanium treated by a novel multiphase anodic spark deposition process.
abstract: A new bioactive titanium surface treatment, labeled Ti-ASD, was developed using the electrochemical anodic spark deposition (ASD) technique and results in a thickened titanium oxide layer with higher levels of calcium and phosphorus typical of newly deposited mineral phase. This study was aimed at extending the knowledge on Ti-ASD treatment, by means of evaluation of the attachment, morphology, proliferation, metabolic activity, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblast-like cells (SaOS-2) after growth on Ti-ASD treated titanium compared with nontreated titanium (Ti) and with chemically etched titanium (Ti-ETC). This novel type of titanium coating supported cell attachment, cell proliferation, and mineralization, revealing no cytotoxicity effects. The expression of differentiation markers on Ti-ASD treated titanium shows that genes related to the proliferation phase (Collagen type I, Coll I; Cbfa-1) were early expressed, whereas genes related to the mineralization phase (alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, bone sialo protein) increased in a time-related way. Mineralization occurred on all analyzed surfaces, but on Ti-ASD the number of bone-like nodules and the amount of mineralized area was higher. In conclusion, Ti-ASD resulted to be a good surface for osteoblast attachment and proliferation, also promoting the maintenance of cell differentiation and matrix mineralization, a fundamental requirement for sustain the osseointegration and the clinical success of dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. elena.deangelis@unipr.it
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Angelis
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ravanetti
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cacchioli
authors.forename: Attilio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corradi
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Candiani
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chiesa
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gabbi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Borghetti
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C546871:IBSP protein, human; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D053495:Osteopontin; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C022616:thiazolyl blue