title: Bond strength of 4 orthodontic adhesives used with a caries-protective resin sealant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the shear peel bond strength (SPBS) and resin remnant retention after removal of orthodontic brackets bonded with 1 of 4 orthodontic adhesives (Transbond XT [3M/Unitek, Monrovia, Calif], Blugloo [Ormco Corp, Glendora, Calif], Light Bond [Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Ill], and APC Plus [3M/Unitek]) applied over a filled, resin sealant (ProSeal [Reliance Orthodontic Products]).
  
  
  METHODS
  Extracted premolars were first acid etched and then coated with the sealant used as a primer. This was followed by cementation of a stainless steel orthodontic bracket to the buccal surface with 1 of the 4 adhesive systems. Two adhesive systems (Transbond XT and Blugloo), without the filled sealant applied, were used as references. All specimens were stored in deionized water at 37 degrees C for 30 days, thermocycled for 24 hours at 30-second intervals between 10 degrees C and 50 degrees C water baths, and debonded with a universal testing machine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 4 adhesive-sealant combination groups had mean SPBS values slightly lower than the 2 adhesive-only reference systems, but all were greater than 10 MPa (range, 10.1-15.9 MPa), which is considered a clinically acceptable bond strength. ANOVA showed a statistically significant difference (P <0.05) in mean SPBS among the 4 adhesive-sealant combinations. The most frequent site of bond failure at debonding for the adhesive-sealant combinations was within the adhesive.
authors.affiliation: Aspen Orthodontics, PO Box 246, Rigby, ID 83442, USA. drlowder@earthlink.com
authors.forename: Phillip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Lowder
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Banting
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D017005:Dental Debonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets / Q000009:adverse effects; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D033081:Shear Strength; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019279:Resin Cements