title: Bovine viral diarrhea virus multiorgan infection in two white-tailed deer in southeastern South Dakota.
abstract: The susceptibility of wild ruminants, especially cervids, to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) has remained an enigma. Two white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) were submitted to the Animal Disease Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ADRDL) in the fall of 2003 by the South Dakota Game Fish and Parks for chronic wasting disease (CWD) testing. Both animals were CWD negative. The animals were necropsied and histopathology, viral antigen detection, and virus isolation were performed. A noncytopathic (NCP) BVDV was isolated from the lungs and several other tissues of both animals. Formalin-fixed ear notches from both animals were positive for BVDV antigen by immunohistochemistry. The BVDV isolates were typed with the use of polymerase chain reaction in 5' untranslated region (UTR) and one isolate was typed a Type 2a and the other a Type 1b. Future field surveys to determine the incidence of BVDV along with experimental studies to determine if white-tailed deer fawns can be persistently infected with BVDV are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Science, PO Box 2175, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, USA. Christopher.Chase@sdstate.edu
authors.forename: Christopher C L
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chase
authors.forename: Lyle J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leslie-Steen
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miskimins
authors.forename: Julia F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ridpath
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000821:virology; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D002417:Cattle; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003670:Deer / Q000821:virology*; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D004423:Ear / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D015995:Prevalence; D013023:South Dakota / Q000453:epidemiology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D004279:DNA, Viral