title: Virus entry inhibition by chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose versus induction of antiviral interferon by poly(I:C).
abstract: Unlike polyribonucleotides, such as poly(I:C), chlorite-oxidized oxyamylose (COAM) has been poorly characterized as a polyanionic antiviral. COAM possesses a controversial interferon (IFN)-inducing capacity and its mechanism of action has not been elucidated. In this study, COAM was biochemically characterized and fractionated according to molecular mass. In comparison with a strong IFN induction and upregulation of the helicase RIG-I and MDA-5 mRNAs by poly(I:C), COAM did not enhance IFN-alpha or -beta and IFN-inducible RNA helicases in mouse fibroblastoid cells. Instead, COAM inhibited virus entry by blocking the attachment to the cells. These results suggest that COAM can alter the outcome of infection, not by IFN induction and in turn modifying the cellular antiviral state, but through inhibition of virus entry into cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dillen
authors.forename: Philippe E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Van den Steen
authors.forename: Ghislain
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Opdenakker
mesh_terms: D000688:Amylose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics; D008574:Mengovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D053586:Virus Internalization / Q000187:drug effects*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; C002668:oxyamylose; D016899:Interferon-beta; D000688:Amylose; D011070:Poly I-C