title: Analysis of nonadditive protein accumulation in young primary roots of a maize (Zea mays L.) F(1)-hybrid compared to its parental inbred lines.
abstract: Heterosis describes the superior performance of heterozygous F(1)-hybrids compared to their homozygous parental inbred lines. Heterosis is already manifested during early maize (Zea mays L.) primary root development. In this study, the most abundant soluble proteins have been investigated before the phenotypic manifestation of heterosis in 3.5-day-old primary roots in the flint inbred line UH002, the dent inbred line UH301 and the corresponding hybrid UH301 x UH002. In CBB-stained 2-DE gels, 150 of 304 detected proteins (49%) were accumulated in a nonadditive fashion in the hybrid compared to the average of their parental inbred lines (Student's t-test: p < 0.05). Remarkably, expression of 51% (76/150) of the nonadditively accumulated proteins exceeded the high parent or was below the low parent. ESI-MS/MS identified 75 of the 76 proteins that belonged to these expression classes. The most abundant functional classes among the 75 proteins that were encoded by 60 different genes were metabolism (58%) and disease and defense (19%). Nonadditive protein accumulation in primary roots of maize hybrids might be associated with heterosis manifestation. Identification of these proteins could therefore contribute to the better understanding of the molecular basis of heterosis.
authors.affiliation: ZMBP, Center for Plant Molecular Biology, Department of General Genetics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hoecker
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lamkemeyer
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sarholz
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paschold
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fladerer
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Madlung
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wurster
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stahl
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Piepho
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nordheim
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hochholdinger
mesh_terms: D006823:Hybrid Vigor; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins