title: Green tea seed oil reduces weight gain in C57BL/6J mice and influences adipocyte differentiation by suppressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma.
abstract: Given that tea contains a number of chemical constituents possessing medicinal and pharmacological properties, green tea seed is also believed to contain many biologically active compounds such as saponin, flavonoids, vitamins, and oil materials. However, little is known about the physiologic functions of green tea seed oil. The aim of this study is to investigate the anti-obesity effects of green tea seed oil in C57BL/6J mice and in preadipocyte 3T3L-1 cell lines. In vivo, three groups of mice were fed with a standard diet, a high-fat diet containing 30% shortening, or 30% of green tea seed oil based on a standard diet for 85 days. The levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, and alanine aminotransferase in blood were analyzed at the end of the study. The mice given green tea seed oil gained less weight compared to mice given the shortening diet (p < 0.01). The plasma level of total cholesterol was decreased by a significant level of 32.4% in mice given the green tea seed oil compared to the mice given the shortening diet (p < 0.01). In addition, 3T3-L1 cells were treated for 2 days to evaluate effects of green tea seed oil on adipocyte differentiation. Green tea seed oil inhibited expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma(2) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-alpha in adipocytes and adipose tissue from the experimental animals. These results indicate that the anti-obesity effects of green tea seed oil might be, in part, through suppression of transcription factors related to adipocyte differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Na-Hyung
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun-Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Phil-Dong
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Hun-Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: In-Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Ho-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Hyo-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Noh-Yil
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Myung
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Um
authors.forename: Seung-Heon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D028241:Camellia sinensis; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; D004041:Dietary Fats; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010938:Plant Oils; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D000410:Alanine Transaminase