title: Myocardial ischemic postconditioning against ischemia-reperfusion is impaired in ob/ob mice.
abstract: Ischemic postconditioning (IPCD) significantly reduces infarct size in healthy animals and protects the human heart. Because obesity is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, the effects of IPCD were investigated in 8- to 10-wk-old leptin-deficient obese (ob/ob) mice and compared with wild-type C57BL/6J (WT) mice. All animals underwent 30 min of coronary artery occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion associated or not with IPCD (6 cycles of 10-s occlusion, 10-s reperfusion). Additional mice were killed at 10 min of reperfusion for Western blotting. IPCD reduced infarct size by 58% in WT mice (33+/-1% vs. 14+/-3% for control and IPCD, respectively, P<0.05) but failed to induce cardioprotection in ob/ob mice (53+/-4% vs. 56+/-5% for control and IPCD, respectively). In WT mice, IPCD significantly increased the phosphorylation of Akt (+77%), ERK1/2 (+41%), and their common target p70S6K1 (+153% at Thr389 and +57% at Thr421/Ser424). In addition, the phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-to-total AMPK ratio was also increased by IPCD in WT mice (+64%, P<0.05). This was accompanied by decreases in phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), MAP kinase phosphatase (MKP)-3, and protein phosphatase (PP)2C levels. In contrast, IPCD failed to increase the phosphorylation state of all these kinases in ob/ob mice, and the level of the three phosphatases was significantly increased. Thus, although IPCD reduces myocardial infarct size in healthy animals, its cardioprotective effect vanishes with obesity. The lack of enhanced phosphorylation by IPCD of Akt, ERK1/2, p70S6K1, and AMPK might partly explain the loss of cardioprotection in this experimental model of obese mice.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U841, Equipe 3, Université Paris 12, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bouhidel
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Souktani
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zini
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berdeaux
authors.forename: Bijan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ghaleh
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D054642:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000378:metabolism; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C; D054642:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 6; C517036:Dusp6 protein, mouse; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C487757:Pten protein, mouse