The brief resilience scale: assessing the ability to bounce back.
BACKGROUND
While resilience has been defined as resistance to illness, adaptation, and thriving, the ability to bounce back or recover from stress is closest to its original meaning. Previous resilience measures assess resources that may promote resilience rather than recovery, resistance, adaptation, or thriving.


OBJECTIVE
To test a new brief resilience scale.


METHODS
The brief resilience scale (BRS) was created to assess the ability to bounce back or recover from stress. Its psychometric characteristics were examined in four samples, including two student samples and samples with cardiac and chronic pain patients.


RESULTS
The BRS was reliable and measured as a unitary construct. It was predictably related to personal characteristics, social relations, coping, and health in all samples. It was negatively related to anxiety, depression, negative affect, and physical symptoms when other resilience measures and optimism, social support, and Type D personality (high negative affect and high social inhibition) were controlled. There were large differences in BRS scores between cardiac patients with and without Type D and women with and without fibromyalgia.


CONCLUSIONS
The BRS is a reliable means of assessing resilience as the ability to bounce back or recover from stress and may provide unique and important information about people coping with health-related stressors.
Smith
Bruce W
BW
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-1161, USA. bwsmith@unm.edu
Dalen
Jeanne
J
Wiggins
Kathryn
K
Tooley
Erin
E
Christopher
Paulette
P
Bernard
Jennifer
J
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012803:Sick Role; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards