title: Use of overinflated tissue expanders in the surgical repair of head and neck scars.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Successful inflation of a tissue expander (TE) and coverage of the face with tissue of similar colour and texture is usually limited by the amount of skin generated during the reconstruction process. Overexpanding the TE device generates an increased flap size and an overall better reconstructive outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 86 TEs were inserted into 48 burn patients with head and neck burn scars. In each case, a TE was inserted with subsequent overexpansion to 2-4 times the manufacturer's stated maximum volume.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the above technique, we gained more transferable skin, which was then used to cover the defects. The rates of major and minor complications were the same as those obtained in previous studies. Illustrations of several representative cases are also included.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overinflation of smaller TEs minimises complication rates typically associated with this procedure. Cutaneous overexpansion can usually achieve the desired flap dimensions by overinflation of the implant well beyond the manufacturer's stated maximum volume, thus ensuring its success and allowing for better coverage of the defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, ST Fatima Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. info@drhafezi.com
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hafezi
authors.forename: Bijan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Naghibzadeh
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pegahmehr
authors.forename: Amirhossein
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nouhi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004954:Esthetics; D005151:Facial Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D011379:Prognosis; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D015626:Tissue Expansion / Q000379:methods; D015625:Tissue Expansion Devices; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult