title: Neonatal outcome after vitrified day 3 embryo transfers: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare and evaluate the neonatal outcome in infants born after vitrified day 3 embryo transfers with that of fresh day 3 embryo transfers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private assisted reproductive center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine women, who delivered 89 babies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surplus day 3 cleavage stage embryos were vitrified using ethylene glycol-based solution by cryoloop carrier system and transferred after warming.
  
  
  METHODS
  Post-thaw survival of embryos, implantation and pregnancy rates (PR), neonatal outcome, and congenital birth defects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 907 vitrified day 3 embryos from 285 cycles were warmed and 817 survived (90.37%), which were used for embryo transfer. The pregnancy, implantation, miscarriage, and live birth rates achieved were 36.84%, 18.11%, 7.71%, and 24.21%, respectively. Of the 69 deliveries, singleton, twins, and triplets comprised of 72.46%, 26.08%, 1.44%, respectively, and 8 (11.59%) were preterm deliveries. The mean Apgar scores were 8.3, 9.2, 9.4 at 1, 5, and 10 minutes. The congenital birth defect rate was 1.18%. These results were comparable with pregnancies using fresh embryo transfers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary study shows that vitrification is an efficient method of cryopreservation of human day 3 embryos with neonatal outcome comparable to fresh embryo transfers.
authors.affiliation: Krishna IVF Clinic, Krishna nagar, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. krishnaivf@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gottumukkala Achyuta
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rama Raju
authors.forename: Gomedhikam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jaya Prakash
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murali Krishna
authors.forename: Kalagara
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Madan
mesh_terms: D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005615:Freezing; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D050498:Live Birth; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013696:Temperature