The role of ace gene polymorphism in the development of angioedema secondary to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers.
BACKGROUND
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) may cause angioedema, with an incidence of 0.1 % to 1 %, which may be life-threatening. ACEi induce angioedema by increasing the levels of bradykinin. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ATRB), have a pharmacological profile similar to ACEi. The polymorphism of the ACE gene is based on the presence or absence of a 287-bp element on intron 16 on chromosome 17. The plasma level of ACE is related to gene polymorphism. ACE level in genotype DD is double that in genotype II.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the relationship between ACE gene polymorphism and ACEi induced angioedema is present or not.


METHODS
ACE gene polymorphism was investigated in patients with angioedema due to the use of ACEi or ATRB (n:32, group 1), in patients receiving ACEi or ATRB without angioedema (n:46, group 2), and healthy controls (n:96, group 3).


RESULTS
ID polymorphism was the most frequent genotype in all groups, without any significant difference among the groups (p:0.868). ACE gene polymorphism was not related with the drugs used (ACEi or ATRB), localisation of angioedema, and female sex, in group 1.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed that ACE gene polymorphism has no effect on ACEi or ATRB induced angioedema.
Gulec
M
M
Department Internal Medicine and Division of Allergy. Gülhane Military Medical Academy and Medical School, Ankara, Turkey. gulec_mustafa@yahoo.com
Caliskaner
Z
Z
Tunca
Y
Y
Ozturk
S
S
Bozoglu
E
E
Gul
D
D
Erel
F
F
Kartal
O
O
Karaayvaz
M
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000799:Angioedema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000804:Angiotensin II; C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A