title: Tissue distribution and depuration of the extracted hepatotoxic cyanotoxin microcystins in crucian carp (Carassius carassius) intraperitoneally injected at a sublethal dose.
abstract: An acute toxicity experiment was conducted by intraperitoneal injection with a sublethal dose of extracted microcystins (MCs), 50 microg MC-LR (where L = leucine and R = arginine) equivalent/kg body weight (BW), to examine tissue distribution and depuration of MCs in crucian carp (Carassius carassius). Liver to body weight ratio increased at 3, 12, 24, and 48 h postinjection compared with that at 0 h (p < 0.05). MC concentrations in various tissues and aquaria water were analyzed at 1, 3, 12, 24, 48, and 168 h postinjection using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The highest concentration of MCs (MC-RR + MC-LR) was found in blood, 2-270 ng/g dry weight (DW), followed by heart (3-100 ng/g DW) and kidney (13-88 ng/g DW). MC levels were relatively low in liver, gonad, intestine, spleen, and brain. MC contents in gills, gallbladder, and muscle were below the limit of detection. Significant negative correlation was present between MC-RR concentration in blood and that in kidney, confirming that blood was important in the transportation of MC-RR to kidney for excretion. Rapid accumulation and slow degradation of MCs were observed in gonad, liver, intestine, spleen, and brain. Only 0.07% of injected MCs were detected in liver. The recovery of MCs in liver of crucian carp seemed to be dose dependent.
authors.affiliation: Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China. kakalhh@yahoo.cn
authors.forename: Hehua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gaodao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D052998:Microcystins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D052998:Microcystins