title: Furoxan-, alkylnitrate-derivatives and related compounds as anti-trypanosomatid agents: mechanism of action studies.
abstract: A series of over a hundred furoxans, alkylnitrates and related compounds were studied as growth inhibitors of the two major kinetoplastids of Latin America, Trypanosoma cruziand Leishmania spp., in in vitro assays. The most active compounds showed 50% inhibitory doses of the same order of that of Nifurtimox and Miltefosine, reference drugs used to treat Chagas Disease and Leishmaniasis respectively. Among the studied compounds derivative 4, presenting excellent inhibitory activity against the tryposmastigote and amastigote forms of T. cruzi, has emerged as a lead compound. Mechanism of action seems to involve mitochondrial dehydrogenases as a distinct effect with respect to Nifurtimox. Excreted metabolites, studied by NMR, showed a significant decrease in succinate, confirming the observed effect on the mitochrondrial dehydrogenases.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Qui mica Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de Qui mica, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boiani
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aguirre
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cerecetto
authors.forename: Agustina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chidichimo
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cazzulo
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertinaria
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guglielmo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009573:Nitrites / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: C528141:1,2,5-oxadiazole 2-oxide; D009573:Nitrites; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents