title: Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity activities of the medicinal plant Primula macrophylla.
abstract: Primula macrophylla (Primulaceae) is reported as to be useful in asthma, restlessness, insomnia and fish poisoning. Antifungal and toxic activities of crude extract, fractions and a pure isolated compound exhibited statistically significant activities. Excellent antifungal activity was found in the crude extract, benzene and ethyl acetate fractions against T. longifusis and against M. canis with different MIC values. Antileishmanial activity (IC(50) = 50ug/mL) was observed as compared to standard drug Amphotericin B, and cytotoxic activity (LD(50) = 47.919microg/mL) was also found in the chloroform fraction. While pure compound 2-phenylchromone (Flavone) isolated from the chloroform fraction showed good activity (IC(50) = 25microg/mL) against Leishmania and cytotoxicity (LD(50) = 2.0116 microg/mL) in Brine Shrimp experiments. From antileishmanial and cytotoxic activity it can be concluded that 2-phenylchromone is the major compound responsible for these activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, COMSAT Institute of Information Technology, University Road, Abbotabad, NWFP, Pakistan. najam48@ciit.net.pk
authors.forename: Qazi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Najmus-Saqib
authors.forename: Fiaz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Mansoor
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002725:Chloroform / Q000737:chemistry; D002867:Chromones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D031825:Primula / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C525486:2-phenylchromone; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002867:Chromones; D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002725:Chloroform; D000666:Amphotericin B