title: Serum selenium and serum lipids in US adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Selenium, an essential micronutrient, has received considerable attention for its antioxidant properties. In addition, selenium may affect several cardiometabolic risk factors, such as glucose homeostasis and lipid concentrations. However, the effects of selenium intake on the lipid profile in selenium-replete populations, such as the United States, are largely unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the relation of serum selenium concentrations with serum lipids in a representative sample of US adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional analysis of 5452 men and women aged >/= 20 y participating in the third National Health and Nutrition Examination survey. Serum selenium was measured by atomic absorption spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The multivariable adjusted differences in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B (apo B), and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) comparing the highest with the lowest quartile of serum selenium were 16.6 mg/dL (95% CI: 11.6, 21.4 mg/dL), 10.9 mg/dL (95% CI: 6.4, 15.4 mg/dL), 3.2 mg/dL (95% CI: 1.6, 5.0 mg/dL), 8.9 mg/dL (95% CI: 5.6, 12.2 mg/dL), and 6.9 mg/dL (95% CI: 1.7, 12.1 mg/dL), respectively. Participants in the highest quartile of serum selenium had 10% higher concentrations of triacylglycerols than did participants in the lowest quartile (ratio of triacylglycerol concentrations: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.17). The difference in the ratios of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol and apo B to apo A-I that compared the highest with the lowest selenium quartiles were 0.11 (95% CI: -0.02, 0.25) and 0.03 (95% CI: 0.00, 0.06), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated serum selenium was associated with elevated serum concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triacylglycerols, apo B, and apo A-I among US adults, a selenium-replete population. Experimental studies are needed to determine cause and effect relations and the potential mechanisms underlying these associations.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Epidemiology and Medicine, the Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bleys
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Navas-Acien
authors.forename: Saverio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stranges
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Menke
authors.forename: Edgar R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Eliseo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guallar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D012643:Selenium