title: A cross-talk between the androgen receptor and the epidermal growth factor receptor leads to p38MAPK-dependent activation of mTOR and cyclinD1 expression in prostate and lung cancer cells.
abstract: In androgen sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells, the proliferation induced by the epidermal growth factor (EGF) involves a cross-talk between the EGF receptor (EGFR) and the androgen receptor (AR). In lung cancer the role of the EGF-EGFR transduction pathway has been documented, whereas androgen activity has received less attention. Here we demonstrate that in LNCaP and A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), AR and EGFR are required for either 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or EGF-stimulated cell growth. Only EGF activated ERK signaling and up-regulated early gene expression, while DHT triggered the expression of classical AR-responsive genes with the exception of the EGF-induced PSA transcript in A549 cells. DHT and EGF up-regulated cyclinD1 (CD1) at both mRNA and protein levels in A549 cells, while in LNCaP cells each mitogen increased only CD1 protein expression. In both cell contexts, CD1 up-regulation was prevented by selective inhibitors as well as by knock-down of either AR or EGFR and also inhibiting p38MAPK and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. Interestingly, p38MAPK and mTOR repression prevented the activation of the mTOR target ribosomal p70S6 kinase induced by DHT and EGF, indicating that p38MAPK acts as an upstream mTOR regulator. In addition, the proliferative effects promoted by both DHT and EGF in LNCaP and A549 cancer cells were no longer observed blocking either p38MAPK or mTOR activity. Hence, our data suggest that p38MAPK-dependent activation of the mTOR/CD1 pathway may represent a mechanism through which AR and EGFR cross-talk contributes to prostate and lung cancer progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaco-Biology, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
authors.forename: Anna Grazia
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Recchia
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Musti
authors.forename: Marilena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lanzino
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Panno
authors.forename: Ermanna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Turano
authors.forename: Rachele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zumpano
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belfiore
authors.forename: Sebastiano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andò
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maggiolini
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D019938:Cyclin D1; D011494:Protein Kinases; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases