title: Genetic correlates of olanzapine-induced weight gain in schizophrenia subjects from north India: role of metabolic pathway genes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Olanzapine is an efficacious drug often used as a first-line medication in the treatment for schizophrenia. However, weight gain is a notable adverse drug reaction of this medication in a proportion of patients and a major cause of noncompliance. Several hypotheses, including a contribution from hormonal, physiological and environmental factors, have been postulated. In this study, we aimed to analyze a possible association of genetic polymorphisms at four important candidate genes involved in appetite regulation and antipsychotic-induced metabolic syndrome with olanzapine-induced weight gain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 154 schizophrenia subjects were recruited in a systematic, 6-week, open-label trial of olanzapine. We investigated the contribution of 14 polymorphisms from four genes, namely, leptin, lipoprotein lipase, tri-acyl-glycerol lipase and citrate lyase using a binary logistic regression analysis towards olanzapine-induced weight gain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  rs 4731426 C/G SNP, a variant in the leptin gene, was moderately associated with median weight gain (Delta weight(m); [p = 0.05; OR: 2.2; 95% CI: 0.99-4.90]) and significantly associated with extreme weight gain (Delta weight(e) [p = 0.019; OR: 11.43; 95% CI: 1.49-87.55]) when average drug dose was included in a regression model. Using in silico analysis, we found that this associated intronic SNP in the leptin gene alters the binding of zinc finger 5, a transcription factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The leptin gene may be a promising candidate for olanzapine-induced weight gain. As the associations are modest, replicate studies are warranted. This approach may facilitate rationalized drug regimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi 110021, India.
authors.forename: Vibhuti
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Smita N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: Vishwajit L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Nimgaonkar
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lerer
authors.forename: Bk
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thelma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D020738:Leptin / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine