title: Laboratory studies of near-grazing impulsive sound propagating over rough water.
abstract: Acoustic impulses due to an electrical spark source (main acoustic energy near 15 kHz) have been measured after propagating near to the water surface in a shallow container resting on a vibrating platform. Control of the platform vibration enabled control of water wave amplitudes. Analysis of the results reveals systematic variations in the received acoustic waveforms as the mean trough-to-crest water wave amplitude is increased up to 7 mm. The amplitudes of the peaks corresponding to specular reflections are reduced and the variability in the tails of the waveforms is increased.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Sergei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lukaschuk
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Attenborough
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D017097:Electric Impedance; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013016:Sound; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013997:Time Factors; D014732:Vibration; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014867:Water