title: Incidence and predictors of delayed chronic kidney disease in long-term survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors investigated the risk of delayed chronic kidney disease (CKD) in 1190 adult hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) survivors who underwent HCT for hematologic malignancies or aplastic anemia between 1976 and 1997 and survived for at least 1 year.
  
  
  METHODS
  CKD was defined as a sustained elevation of serum creatinine that indicated a glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL per minute per 1.73 m2 for > or =3 months. The median age at HCT was 35 years (range, 18.1-68.6 years), and the median length of follow-up was 7.1 years after HCT (range, 1-24.3 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty patients with CKD were identified, resulting in a cumulative incidence of 4.4% at 5 years (autologous HCT, 3.8%; matched-sibling HCT, 4.5%; unrelated donor HCT, 10%; P = .09 compared with autologous HCT). Older age at HCT (relative risk [RR] per 5-year increment, 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-1.5), exposure to cyclosporine without tacrolimus (RR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.1-3.4) or with tacrolimus (RR, 4.59; 95% CI, 1.8-11.5), and a primary diagnosis of multiple myeloma (RR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.1-5.6) were associated with an increased risk of delayed CKD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, the authors identified a subpopulation of patients who underwent HCT and remained at increased risk for CKD. The current findings set the stage for appropriate long-term follow-up of vulnerable patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Population Sciences, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Can-Lan
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Seira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurian
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Liton
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Francisco
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Forman
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhatia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000628:therapy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D017741:Survivors; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous