title: Chemical synthesis of scyllo-inosamine and catabolism studies in Sinorhizobium meliloti.
abstract: Rhizopines such as scyllo-inosamine (SIA) and L-3-O-methyl-scyllo-inosamine (3-O-MSI) play an intricate role as nutritional mediators during the establishment of the symbiotic relationship between legumes and rhizobia. The mechanism of action is not well understood. One challenge is the availability of rhizopines, which occur in only minute amounts in plant nodules. We herewith report an efficient synthesis of scyllo-inosamine and its biochemical activity in specific bacteria. SIA was prepared in 7 steps and 32% overall yield from readily available myo-inositol. The chemically synthesized SIA was tested to determine whether it can serve as sole carbon and nitrogen source for Sinorhizobium meliloti wild-type strain L5-30 and for strains carrying mutations in the rhizopine degradation (moc) genes. The analysis of the phenotype of the mutant strains revealed that the moc genes previously shown to be essential for the breakdown of the rhizopines isolated from root nodules are also essential for the utilization of the chemically synthesized SIA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Western Michigan University, 3425 Wood Hall, Kalamazoo, MI 49008-5413, USA. elke.schoffers@wmich.edu
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schoffers
authors.forename: Sing R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Gurung
authors.forename: Petra R A
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rossbach
mesh_terms: D000606:Amino Sugars / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D007294:Inositol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016962:Sinorhizobium meliloti / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D000606:Amino Sugars; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C082577:rhizopine; D007294:Inositol