title: Development of classification models for early identification of persons at risk for persistent cognitive decline.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop two classification models for use in primary care to aid early identification of persons at risk for persistent cognitive decline.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were used from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA), an ongoing populationbased study. The study sample consisted of 2,021 non-demented men and women aged 58-88 years. Data on relevant predictors of persistent cognitive decline were collected at baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of persistent cognitive decline after three years of follow-up was 4.0 %. In the first model, in which predictors already known or otherwise easily assessed (first set) were included, age was the strongest predictor of persistent cognitive decline, with an increased risk for persons > 75. In addition, having memory problems, low education, and a MMSE score of < or = 24, resulted in a predictive value for persistent cognitive decline of 43.5 %. In the second classification model, in addition to the first set, predictors requiring additional measurement (e.g. markers determined in blood) were included in the analyses. Age was again the strongest predictor of persistent cognitive decline. In persons > 75 years, having a low total cholesterol level (< 5.0 mmol/L) and a MMSE score of < or = 24 resulted in a predictive value of 30.0 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both models lead to a substantial increase of the predictive value for persistent cognitive decline, that is from 4.0 % to 43.5 % and 30.0 %, and may identify to a large extent a different subsample of persons who are at risk for persistent cognitive decline. The developed classification trees could be useful for case-finding of persons at risk for future persistent cognitive decline who are therefore at risk for dementia, in a feasible and cost-effective manner.
authors.affiliation: Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam and EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. tn.vandenkommer@vumc.nl
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: van den Kommer
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Comijs
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Dik
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jonker
authors.forename: D J H
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Deeg
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D003663:Decision Trees; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol