title: [Palliative care patients in an advanced state of disease. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and determination of death].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prehospital emergency teams will be confronted with the specific needs of resuscitation in palliative patients in whom a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) could be found significantly less frequently than in other emergency situations. The present investigation aims to show medical and judicial problems related to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), external examination of the corpse and death certification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over a 12-month period all emergency cases involving physicians in an out-of-hospital resuscitation setting in cancer patients were retrospectively analysed for indications for emergency call, situation on-site and prehospital treatment by emergency physicians, external examination of the corpse and determination of death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the period mentioned 164 (2.7% of the total) emergency calls by cancer patients or their relatives were identified. In the following study 43 patients (26.2%) could be included. In 20 cases (46.5%) the emergency physicians attempted to resuscitate the patient by performing CPR. In the majority of cases (36; 83.7%) death certification and external examination of the corpse were necessary at the scene.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to a reduced rate of ROSC in palliative patients, death certification and external examination of the corpse are more often necessary than in other emergency situations. Therefore every emergency physician should be familiar with the ethics of resuscitation of patients in palliative care and with external examination of the corpse to do justice to patients and their caregivers.
authors.affiliation: Zentrum Anaesthesiologie, Rettungs- und Intensivmedizin, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. cwiese@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: C H R
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wiese
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Duttge
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Hanekop
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000941:ethics / Q000639:trends*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D002423:Cause of Death; D003643:Death; D003644:Death Certificates; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000941:ethics / Q000639:trends*; D010820:Physicians; D016414:Resuscitation Orders