title: Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector C is reduced by caloric restriction and regulates adipocyte lipid metabolism.
abstract: Members of the cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector (CIDE) gene family have been shown to regulate lipid metabolism. In this article, we report that the third member of the human CIDE family, CIDEC, is down-regulated in response to a reduced caloric intake. The down-regulation was demonstrated by microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue in 2 independent studies on obese patients undergoing treatment with a very low calorie diet. By analysis of CIDEC expression in 65 human tissues, we conclude that human CIDEC is predominantly expressed in subcutaneous adipocytes. Together, these observations led us to investigate the effect of decreased CIDEC expression in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of CIDEC resulted in an increased basal release of nonesterified fatty acids, decreased responsiveness to adrenergic stimulation of lipolysis, and increased oxidation of endogenous fatty acids. Thus, we suggest that CIDEC is a regulator of adipocyte lipid metabolism and may be important for the adipocyte to adapt to changes in energy availability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden. bjorn.magnusson@wlab.gu.se
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Magnusson
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gummesson
authors.forename: Camilla A M
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Glad
authors.forename: Julia H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Goedecke
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jernås
authors.forename: Theodore C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lystig
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fagerberg
authors.forename: Lena M S
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: Per-Arne
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Svensson
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C472088:CIDEC protein, human; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011506:Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D007545:Isoproterenol