title: Chemistry, antioxidant and antimicrobial investigations on essential oil and oleoresins of Zingiber officinale.
abstract: The essential oil and oleoresins (ethanol, methanol, CCl(4) and isooctane) of Zingiber officinale were extracted respectively by hydrodistillation and Soxhlet methods and subjected to GC-MS analysis. Geranial (25.9%) was the major component in essential oil; eugenol (49.8%) in ethanol oleoresin, while in the other three oleoresins, zingerone was the major component (33.6%, 33.3% and 30.5% for, methanol, CCl(4) and isooctane oleoresins, respectively). The antioxidant activity of essential oil and oleoresins were evaluated against mustard oil by peroxide, anisidine, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging methods. They were found to be better antioxidants than butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). The antimicrobial properties were also studied using various food-borne pathogenic fungal and bacterial species. The essential oil and CCl(4) oleoresin showed 100% zone inhibition against Fusarium moniliforme. For other tested fungi and bacteriae, the essential oil and all oleoresins showed good to moderate inhibitory effects. Though, both essential oil and oleoresins were found to be effective, essential oil was found to be better than the oleoresins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273 009, India. gsingh4us@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gurdip
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: I P S
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: Pratibha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Carola S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: de Heluani
authors.forename: Marina P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: de Lampasona
authors.forename: Cesar A N
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Catalan
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils; C018620:oleoresins