title: Modified and unmodified electroconvulsive therapy: a comparison of attitudes between psychiatrists in Beijing and Hong Kong.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Unmodified electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is still widely practiced in many psychiatric institutions in China. The study reported herein aimed to explore the attitudes of psychiatrists in Beijing toward unmodified and modified ECT and compare them with those of psychiatrists in Hong Kong, where only modified ECT has been used during the past 40 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred five psychiatrists of a university-affiliated psychiatric hospital in Beijing and all psychiatrists (n = 238) currently practicing in Hong Kong were invited to complete a questionnaire exploring their attitudes toward unmodified and modified ECT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Beijing respondents had significantly more experience with unmodified ECT than their Hong Kong counterparts. Although 56% of the Beijing respondents preferred modified to unmodified treatment, 81% of them regarded unmodified ECT as safe and associated with minimal morbidity and mortality. Patient choice, financial status, and safety considerations were the main factors that dictated the choice of mode of ECT in Beijing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It seems that unmodified ECT still has a role as an effective psychiatric treatment in developing countries such as China. Any initiative to replace unmodified with modified treatment should take into account economic conditions, the sociocultural context, and the psychiatric traditions of the particular regions of the country.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Chi-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Yu-Tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Jia-Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hui-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Marcella L Y
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fok
authors.forename: Gabor S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Ungvari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002681:China; D003625:Data Collection; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires