title: Effective bladder preservation strategy with low-dose radiation therapy and concurrent intraarterial chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the toxicity and response, bladder preservation, and survival of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer treated with multimodality therapy consisting of low-dose radiation therapy (RT) and concurrent intraarterial chemotherapy (IACT).
  
  
  METHODS
  . Between November 1999 and July 2005, a total of 27 consecutive, previously untreated patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer underwent transurethral bladder tumor resection followed by concurrent low-dose RT and IACT. Patients who achieved a complete response (CR) were followed up closely without further therapy, and patients who did not achieve a CR underwent further treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete response was achieved in 22 of 27 patients (81%). Of these 22 patients, 7 developed recurrences, and 3 died of their disease. In five patients who did not achieve CR, one died from bone metastases. The 3-year overall survival rate was 81%, with a median follow-up time of 27 months; and 22 of 27 patients (81%) with a preserved bladder were tumor-free at the last follow-up. Three patients (11%) developed grade 3 acute hematological toxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multimodality therapy consisting of low-dose RT and concurrent IACT for muscle-invasive bladder cancer can achieve survival rates similar to those in patients treated with radical cystectomy, with successful bladder preservation and minimal adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Tokushima, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan. ikushima@clin.med.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikushima
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Kyohsuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Osaki
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furutani
authors.forename: Kyoh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawanaka
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takegawa
authors.forename: Takaharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kudoh
authors.forename: Hiroomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanayama
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishitani
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015653:Cystectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery