title: Redox regulation of cellular stress response by ferulic acid ethyl ester in human dermal fibroblasts: role of vitagenes.
abstract: Skin is one of the main targets for reactive oxygen species; thus, reactive oxygen species-induced damage and protein and lipid modifications occur, and skin can undergo a wide array of diseases, from photosensitivity to cancer. In this study, human dermal fibroblasts exposed to hydrogen peroxide (0-1000 micromol/L) exhibited a marked increase in both protein carbonyls and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, which are indices of protein and lipid oxidation, respectively. An amount of 25 micromol/L ferulic acid ethyl ester, a well-known nutritional antioxidant, significantly counteracted both protein and lipid oxidation and reduced the loss in cell viability elicited by 500 micromol/L of hydrogen peroxide. A common way for cells to react to oxidative stress is up-regulation of vitagenes. To the vitagene family belong the heat shock proteins heme oxygenase-1 and heat shock protein-70, which are involved in the cellular defense against oxidative stress by different mechanisms. The administration of 25 micromol/L ferulic acid ethyl ester significantly decreased hydrogen peroxide-induced protein and lipid oxidation. Dermal fibroblasts exposed to 25 micromol/L ferulic acid ethyl ester in the presence of 500 micromol/L hydrogen peroxide showed an increased level of both heme oxygenase-1 and heat shock protein-70 compared with dermal fibroblasts treated with hydrogen peroxide alone. These findings provide evidence for the protective role of vitagenes in free radical-induced skin damage and highlight the potential protective use of nutritional antioxidants, such as ferulic acid and its derivatives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, 95100 Catania, Italy. calabres@mbox.unict.it
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Calafato
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Puleo
authors.forename: Carolin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cornelius
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sapienza
authors.forename: Pierfrancesco
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morganti
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mancuso
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C099085:ethyl ferulate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1