title: Virtual patient model for multi-person virtual medical environments.
abstract: We describe the architecture of a virtual patient model, the Virtual ED Patient, for scenarios in emergency medicine. The model is rule-based, and uses four vital signs as a representation of its state. The model is used in a multi-person learning environment based on online gaming technology. The efficacy of the model and the Virtual ED learning environment is evaluated in a study where advanced medical students and first year residents manage six trauma cases. Pre and post-test performance results show significant learning, with results comparable to those obtained in human manikin simulators. Some future directions for development of the model are also presented.
authors.affiliation: Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Parvati
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dev
authors.forename: W LeRoy
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Heinrichs
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Youngblood
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kusumoto
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hendrick
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D016544:Patient Simulation; D014584:User-Computer Interface