title: The splice variants of UBF differentially regulate RNA polymerase I transcription elongation in response to ERK phosphorylation.
abstract: The mammalian architectural HMGB-Box transcription factor UBF is ubiquitously expressed in two variant forms as the result of a differential splicing event, that in the UBF2 deletes 37 amino acid from the second of six HMGB-boxes. Several attempts to define a function for this shorter UBF2 protein have been less than satisfactory. However, since all mammals appear to display similar levels of the longer and shorter UBF variants, it is unlikely that UBF2 is simply nonfunctional. Previously we showed that phosphorylation of UBF by the MAP-kinase ERK regulates chromatin folding and transcription elongation, explaining the rapid response of the ribosomal RNA genes to growth factors. Here we have investigated the roles the UBF variants play in the response of these genes to ERK activity. We demonstrate that the variant HMGB-box 2 of UBF2 has lost the ability to bind bent DNA and hence to induce chromatin folding. As a result it is significantly less effective than UBF1 at arresting RNAPI elongation but at the same time is more responsive to ERK phosphorylation. Thus, UBF2 functionally simulates a hemi-phosphorylated UBF whose expression may provide a means by which to tune the response of the ribosomal RNA genes to growth factor stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Centre and Department of Medical Biology of Laval University, Centre de Recherche de l'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, 9 rue McMahon, G1R 3S3 Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Victor Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Stefanovsky
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D024742:HMG-Box Domains; D024002:HMGB Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D035463:Pol1 Transcription Initiation Complex Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012318:RNA Polymerase I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D012326:RNA Splicing; D051381:Rats; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D024002:HMGB Proteins; D035463:Pol1 Transcription Initiation Complex Proteins; C063844:transcription factor UBF; D004247:DNA; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D012318:RNA Polymerase I