Regulation of autoimmune arthritis by self-heat-shock proteins.
Heat-shock proteins (hsps) are highly conserved and immunogenic, and they are generally perceived to be attractive initiators or targets of a pathogenic immune response, and as such, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis. However, studies in animal models and arthritis patients have unraveled the disease-regulating attributes of self-hsp65. We propose that the self-hsp65 induces a protective and beneficial immune response because of its ubiquitous distribution, stress inducibility and participation in tolerogenic processes. By contrast, the foreign hsp65 that does not influence the above processes and that resides admixed with microbial ligands for innate receptors generates an inflammatory pathogenic response. The regulatory properties of self-hsps need be fully explored and might be used for therapeutic purposes.
Moudgil
Kamal D
KD
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. kmoud001@umaryland.edu
Durai
Malarvizhi
M
D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000276:immunology; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000276:immunology; D018833:Chaperonins / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D018833:Chaperonins; D016207:Cytokines; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C074119:heat-shock protein 65, Mycobacterium; C060293:HSPD1 protein, human; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins