title: Inverse association between insulin resistance and frequency of milk consumption in low-income Argentinean school children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the association between milk consumption, lifestyle, components of the metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance in school children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students (n = 365 [175M]) age 10 +/- 2.3 years from 2 poor suburbs of Buenos Aires were examined for body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and Tanner stage in April 2007. Fasting concentrations of lipids, insulin, and glucose were determined. Mothers completed questionnaires about their children's lifestyle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately 14.0% of the children were obese, and 12.1% were overweight by use of norms from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Half were at Tanner I. Mean values of waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, insulin resistance, and insulin were higher as subjects consumed more glasses of milk. Multiple regression analysis with insulin resistance as the dependent variable showed that there was a significant and positive association with triglyceridemia (beta = 0.007) and waist circumference (beta = 0.024), and a negative association with milk consumption (beta = -0.135) adjusted for blocks walked daily, TV viewing, soft drink consumption, parental educational level, sex, age, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure (R(2) = 0.27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased milk consumption was associated with greater insulin sensitivity, suggesting that it might reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Diabetes Department, Hospital Durand, Argentina. vhirschler@intramed.net
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hirschler
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oestreicher
authors.forename: Matin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beccaria
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maccallini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001118:Argentina; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013690:Television; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data