title: In vitro sensitivity of probiotics to human pancreatic juice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The resistance of gut flora with probiotic activity to pancreatic juice is usually tested with artificial pancreatic fluid. Previous studies evaluated the sensitivity of diverse probiotics to human gastric and biliary secretion; none tested the resistance of probiotics to human pancreatic juice. As most bacteria sensitive to artificial pancreatic fluid in vitro have a high rate of isolation from feces, the resistance to human pancreatic juice could be higher.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity of different strains of probiotics to artificial and human pancreatic juice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The viability of 8 strains of Lactobacillus and 4 strains of Bifidobacterium was tested with standard artificial and human pancreatic juice withdrawn from 16 patients during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure. The mortality rate (%) of various bacteria was measured after 5, 30, and 60 minutes contact time. The results were normalized for mortality rate induced by hypotonic condition and time exposure to 37 degrees C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When incubated with artificial and human pancreatic juice, the mortality rate of all strains of Lactobacillus at 5, 30, and 60 minutes was 10.1 versus 7.6, 20.5 versus 19.7, and 28.6 versus 29.8, respectively; whereas the mortality rate of all strains of Bifidobacterium was 8.0 versus 9.2, 33.3 versus 28.9, and 42.2 versus 44.4, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All the tested strains were sensitive to artificial and human pancreatic juice depending on time contact. Bifidobacterium strains seem to be more sensitive than Lactobacillus strains in particular at higher time contact. There is no significant difference between sensitivity to simulated and human pancreatic juice. For this reason, probiotics activity may be tested with artificial pancreatic fluid using a standardized, easier, and less costly procedure.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Piano
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Strozzi
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barba
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Allesina
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Deidda
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lorenzini
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carmagnola
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pagliarulo
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balzarini
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ballarè
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orsello
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montino
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garello
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Capurso
mesh_terms: D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010189:Pancreatic Juice / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019936:Probiotics; D013997:Time Factors