title: [Soft tissue coverage of the distal third of the tibia with fasciocutaneous propeller flaps].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The distal third of the tibia is often only amenable to free tissue transfer to cover exposed bone, tendons and neurovascular structures. Using relatively constant perforators of the tibial and peroneal vessels, soft tissue coverage can be achieved with so-called propeller flaps.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 patients presenting with post-traumatic defects over the lateral malleolus and the Achilles tendon were included in this study. A propeller flap based on perforators from the peroneal or tibial artery was used to cover the defect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One case of partial flap necrosis was encountered in a diabetic patient. Transient venous congestion of the flap tip was witnessed in two instances, which resolved without further intervention. No other complications occurred. All patients were fully ambulatory within 8 weeks, except for 1 patient, who required a below-knee amputation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The propeller flap has proven to be a versatile and elegant method to obtain soft tissue coverage with local tissue. Contrary to conventional rotation flaps, direct closure of the donor site is possible. Patients are not impaired by bulky flaps and may wear normal shoes. Even in the elderly, this flap was successful.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Hand-, Plastische- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Switzerland. rafael.jakubietz@kssg.ch
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Jakubietz
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Jakubietz
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Grünert
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Kloss
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000293:injuries*; D000368:Aged; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D001158:Arteries / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D013529:Surgical Wound Dehiscence / Q000601:surgery; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods