title: The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor on spermatogenesis and apoptosis in experimentally varicocele-induced adolescent rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injection into the testes on spermatogenesis and apoptosis in a varicocele-induced adolescent rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital urology research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 32).
  
  
  METHODS
  The rats were divided into six groups: control group (n = 6), sham operated group (n = 6), left varicocele-induced group (n = 6), varicocele + varicocelectomy group (n = 6), varicocele + VEGF-injected group (n = 4), and varicocele + varicocelectomy + VEGF-injected group (n = 4).
  
  
  METHODS
  Johnsen's score and apoptotic cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean Johnsen's score was lower in the varicocele group compared with in the control and sham groups. The mean apoptotic index was significantly higher in the varicocele group compared with in the control and sham groups. Compared with the varicocele group, the mean apoptotic index was significantly lower in the varicocele + varicocelectomy, varicocele + VEGF, and varicocele + varicocelectomy + VEGF groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Varicocele may cause a decrease in spermatogenesis and an increase in the apoptotic index. VEGF may play a positive role in improving testicular damage and may also play a significant role in decreasing apoptosis in a varicocele-induced adolescent rat model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Mersin School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mesut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tek
authors.forename: Selahittin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cayan
authors.forename: Nejat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Izzet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Oğuz
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erdem
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akbay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004210:Dissection; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000601:surgery; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D014646:Varicocele / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A