title: Superoxide radicals scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of magnesium lithospermate B from Salvia miltiorrhiza.
abstract: In this study we investigated the superoxide radicals scavenging effect and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity by magnesium lithospermate B, which was originally isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza (also named Danshen or Dansham), an important herb in Oriental medicine. Superoxide radicals were generated both in beta-NADH/PMS system and xanthine/ xanthine oxidase system. Magnesium lithospermate B significantly inhibited the reduction of NBT induced by superoxide radicals with an IC(50) of 29.8 microg/mL and 4.06 microg/mL respectively in the two systems. Further study suggested that magnesium lithospermate B can directly inhibit xanthine oxidase and exhibits competitive inhibition. Magnesium lithospermate B was also found to have the hypouricemic activity in vivo against potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricaemia in mice. After oral administration of magnesium lithospermate B at doses of 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg, there was a significant decrease in the serum urate level when compared to the hyperuricemia control. In addition, magnesium lithospermate B significantly protected HL-60 cells from superoxide radicals-induced apoptosis in the xanthine/ xanthine oxidase reactions. This study provided evidence that magnesium lithospermate B exhibits direct superoxide radicals scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ruohua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yanjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Binghua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Caiguo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D013481:Superoxides; C061091:lithospermate B; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase