title: The effect of stress on craving for methadone depends on the timing of last methadone dose.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined the extent to which the timing of last methadone dose moderates the influence of a laboratory stressor on craving for methadone in a sample of methadone maintenance patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Methadone maintenance patients (N=41) completed a computerized stress manipulation with two levels (low and high stress) on two separate days: (1) immediately following the administration of their standard daily methadone dose and (2) immediately prior to receiving their standard daily dose. The impact of stress, timing of methadone dose and their interaction were examined on self-report measures of stress and craving for methadone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Craving ratings varied according to the timing of last methadone dose. Immediately following methadone dose (i.e., day 1), there was no effect for stress on craving (0.12; p=0.30). However, prior to receiving methadone dose (i.e., day 2), the high stress effect on craving was significant (1.51; p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings indicate that patients currently receiving methadone maintenance treatment may be particularly vulnerable to stress-related relapse immediately prior to daily methadone dosing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs, Serious Mental Illness Treatment, Research, and Evaluation Center, 2215 Fuller Road (11H), Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA. marki@umich.edu
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ilgen
authors.forename: Anuja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Hyungjin Myra
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jodie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Trafton
mesh_terms: D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D006556:Heroin Dependence / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008691:Methadone