title: Increased prevalence of migraine in Marfan syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A high prevalence of migraine has been described in various forms of congenital heart disease, with and without shunt. In this study we investigated the prevalence of migraine in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS).
  
  
  METHODS
  All 457 adult patients with MFS from the participating centres and 194 controls received a validated questionnaire about headache. Migraine was diagnosed according to the International Headache Society criteria, by three independent neurologists, blinded to patient files.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Response rate was 68% and 56% in Marfan patients and controls, respectively. Forty percent of the 309 responding MFS patients (mean age 40+/-14 years; 51% females) and 28% of the 102 controls (mean age 43+/-15 years; 58% females), suffered from migraine (p=0.03). The prevalence of migraine with aura (MA) was 22% in MFS patients and 14% in controls (p=0.06). We found MFS to be an independent risk factor for having overall migraine (OR 1.7; 95%CI 1.1-2.8), also after adjustment for age and gender (OR 1.9; 95%CI 1.1-3.1; p=0.02) and for MA after adjustment for gender (OR 2.0; 95%CI 1.1-3.7; p=0.04). In patient with MFS, previous aortic root surgery appeared to be an independent risk factor for having MA (OR 2.2; 95%CI; 1.2.-4.0, p=0.01) adjusted for gender.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MFS is an independent risk factor for having overall migraine and MA. Moreover, we found that a history of aortic root surgery seems to be associated with an increased risk of MA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jeroen C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Vis
authors.forename: Janneke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Timmermans
authors.forename: Martijn C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Budts
authors.forename: Marc A A M
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schepens
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thijs
authors.forename: Wouter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Schonewille
authors.forename: Rob M A
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: de Bie
authors.forename: Herbert W M
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Plokker
authors.forename: Jan G P
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Tijssen
authors.forename: Barbara J M
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Mulder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008382:Marfan Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020325:Migraine with Aura / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires