title: The epidemiology of mandibular fractures treated at Chiang Mai University Hospital: a review of 198 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mandibular fractures constitute a substantial proportion of maxillo-facial trauma cases in Chiang Mai. The present study investigated the prevalence, sex, age group, alcohol consumption, crash helmet use, causes, site, treatment, and postoperative result of mandibular fractures at Chiang Mai University Hospital, Thailand.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records and radiographs of 198 patients treated for mandibular fracture at Chiang Mai University Hospital over a 1.5 year period (from 1 January 2005 to 30 June 2006) were reviewed Data on the patients' age, sex, alcohol and helmet use, mechanism of injury, site of fracture, treatment modality, and post-operative result were recorded and assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Men of 21 to 30 years of age sustained the most mandibular fractures. The ratio of males to females was 5:1. Most fractures were caused by motorcycle accidents (MCA) (75.75%), followed by body assault (13.63%), and falls (4.54%). Alcohol consumption was a contributing factor at the time of injury in 79% of fractures according to the information available. The most common fracture sites were, in descending order the parasymphysis (45.3%), angle (19.51%), condyle (15.68%), symphysis (13.24%), body (3.83%), and ramus (2.09%). Nearly 3/4 of all cases were treated by open reduction (76%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence and causes of mandibular fracture reflect trauma patterns within the community and can provide a guide to the design of programs geared toward prevention and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. wsirimah@mail.med.cmu.ac.th
authors.forename: Wimon
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sirimaharaj
authors.forename: Kasemsak
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pyungtanasup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology*; D008338:Mandibular Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications*