title: [Efficacy of interventions aimed at the main carers of dependent individuals aged more than 65 years old. A systematic review].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In our environment, care of the dependent elderly is usually provided by family members, thereby ensuring autonomy and avoiding institutionalization of the dependent adult. Thirty-three percent of Spanish caregivers have acknowledged the importance of acquiring the knowledge and skills necessary for daily care. Consequently, several interventions have been developed by health professionals from distinct disciplines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to systematically review and evaluate the efficacy of published interventions for the caregivers of dependent elderly individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic review of the literature on interventions in the caregivers of the dependent elderly (older than 65 years old) published between 1996 and 2006. The inclusion criteria included controlled clinical trials with outcome measures related to effectiveness in reducing caregiver burden, anxiety and depression. Our search yielded 15 reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interventions produced statistically significant reductions in burden (40%), anxiety (50%) and depression (90%). Interventions requiring active participation by caregivers and those based on cognitive-behavioral therapy were more effective than those focused on knowledge acquisition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Due to the heterogeneity of caregiving interventions, evaluation of both the clinical and statistical significance of these interventions is essential. Reducing the chronic stress experienced by caregivers is difficult to achieve. Consequently, future experimental designs should take into account the needs reported by caregivers as well as promote active participation.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallés, Barcelona, España. azabaleg@csc.unica.edu
authors.forename: Adelaida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zabalegui Yárnoz
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarro Díez
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cabrera Torres
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gallart Fernández-Puebla
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bardallo Porras
authors.forename: Encarna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Higueras
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gual García
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández Capo
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Argemí Remon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000628:therapy; D017028:Caregivers; D003863:Depression / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016526:Workload