title: Parent based language intervention for 2-year-old children with specific expressive language delay: a randomised controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to evaluate the effectiveness of a short, highly structured parent based language intervention group programme for 2-year-old children with specific expressive language delay (SELD, without deficits in receptive language).
  
  
  METHODS
  61 children with SELD (mean age 24.7 months, SD 0.9) were selected between October 2003 and February 2006 during routine developmental check-ups in general paediatric practices, using a German parent-report screening questionnaire (adapted from the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories). Standardised instruments were used to assess the language and non-verbal cognitive abilities of these children and of 36 other children with normal language development (reference group; mean age 24.6 months, SD 0.8). 58 children with SELD were sequentially randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 29) or a 12-month waiting group (n = 29). In the intervention group, mothers participated in the 3-month Heidelberg Parent-based Language Intervention (HPLI). All children were reassessed 6 and 12 months after pretest. Assessors were blind to allocation and previous results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  47 children were included in the analysis. At the age of 3 years, 75% of the children in the intervention group showed normal expressive language abilities in contrast to 44% in the waiting group. Only 8% of the children in the intervention group versus 26% in the waiting group met the criteria for specific language impairment (t score < or =35).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By applying the short, highly structured HPLI in children with SELD, the rate of treatment for language impairment at the age of 3 years can be significantly reduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 150, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. anke.buschmann@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buschmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jooss
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rupp
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Feldhusen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pietz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Philippi
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D016487:Parenting