title: Deletion of Dicer in somatic cells of the female reproductive tract causes sterility.
abstract: Dicer is an evolutionarily conserved ribonuclease III that is necessary for microRNA (miRNA) processing and the synthesis of small interfering RNAs from long double-stranded RNA. Although it has been shown that Dicer plays important roles in the mammalian germline and early embryogenesis, the functions of Dicer-dependent pathways in the somatic cells of the female reproductive tract are unknown. Using a transgenic line in which Cre recombinase is driven by the anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 promoter, we conditionally inactivated Dicer1 in the mesenchyme of the developing Müllerian ducts and postnatally in ovarian granulosa cells and mesenchyme-derived cells of the oviducts and uterus. Deletion of Dicer in these cell types results in female sterility and multiple reproductive defects including decreased ovulation rates, compromised oocyte and embryo integrity, prominent bilateral paratubal (oviductal) cysts, and shorter uterine horns. The paratubal cysts act as a reservoir for spermatozoa and oocytes and prevent embryos from transiting the oviductal isthmus and passing the uterotubal junction to enter the uterus for implantation. Deep sequencing of small RNAs in oviduct revealed down-regulation of specific miRNAs in Dicer conditional knockout females compared with wild type. The majority of these differentially expressed miRNAs are predicted to regulate genes important for Müllerian duct differentiation and mesenchyme-derived structures, and several of these putative target genes were significantly up-regulated upon conditional deletion of Dicer1. Thus, our findings reveal diverse and critical roles for Dicer and its miRNA products in the development and function of the female reproductive tract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Ankur K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nagaraja
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andreu-Vieyra
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Lang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Ruihong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Derek Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Huifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Julio E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Agno
authors.forename: Preethi H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Gunaratne
authors.forename: Francesco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: DeMayo
authors.forename: Martin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Matzuk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D005836:Genitalia, Female / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D007246:Infertility / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009865:Oocytes / Q000473:pathology; D010057:Oviducts / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology; D010060:Ovulation / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000235:genetics; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D043244:Ribonuclease III; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; C084621:anti-Mullerian hormone receptor; D004958:Estradiol; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D004722:Endoribonucleases; C509781:Dicer1 protein, mouse; D043244:Ribonuclease III; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases