Effect of allergic rhinitis, asthma and rhinobronchitis on dental malocclusion in adolescents.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the effect of allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, rhinobronchitis (ARB) on dental malocclusion in adolescents.


METHODS
This is a cross-sectional, observational, retrospective and sample descriptive study of 2556 adolescents aged 14-20 years. AR, asthma and ARB were defined by self-reported. Malocclusion was identified by direct physical examination. Data were analyzed by the SPSS 10.0 version statistical program, adjusted OR value (Odds Ratio) using a logistic regression model was determined, ji square was calculated, an 95% Confidence Intervals was used. Equal or smaller values of p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.


RESULTS
Percentage of male sex was 42.7% and female 57.3%. Prevalence of AR was 39.3%, asthma 6.9%, ARB 4.5%, and malocclusion, 37.2%. A higher percentage of malocclusion was found in adolescents with asthma (48.3% vs 36.3%). For the groups of asthma (adjusted OR = 1.78; p = 0.017) and RA (fit OR = 1.20, p = 0.032) were inferred that these pathologies to favor the malocclusion in adolescents, this did not happen with the group of RBA (OR fit = 0.81; p = 0.511). The prevalence of open bite was greater in adolescents with asthma (44.3% vs. 31.3%). For the asthma group (OR fit = 1.66; p = 0.037) we deduced that the development of anterior open bite is favored, this was not thus for the groups of RBA (OR fit = 1.01; p = 0.956) and RA (OR fit = 1.17; p = 0.071). Nor AR, asthma orARB have any effect on posterior open bite.


CONCLUSIONS
Asthma is related to malocclusion in adolescents, particularly to anterior open bite. AR and ARB do not favor the development of malocclusion.
Vázquez Nava
Francisco
F
Department of Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Hospital General núm. 6, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tampico-Madero, Tamaulipas, Mexico. fvazqueznava@yahoo.com.mx
Vázquez Rodríguez
Eliza M
EM
Reyes Guevara
Salomen
S
Barrientos Gómez
María del Carmen
Mdel C
Vázquez Rodriguez
Carlos F
CF
Saldivar González
Atenógenes H
AH
Pérez Martín
Jesús
J
Ochoa
Dolores Lin
DL
Almeida Arvizu
Victor Manuel
VM
D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000453:epidemiology*