title: Maxillary sinus floor elevation using a tissue-engineered bone complex with OsteoBone and bMSCs in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of maxillary sinus floor elevation by a tissue-engineered bone complex with OsteoBone(trade mark) and bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) in rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Autologous bMSCs from adult New Zealand rabbits were cultured and combined with OsteoBone(trade mark) at a concentration of 20 x 10(6) cells/ml in vitro. Twenty-four animals were used and randomly allocated into groups. For each time point, 16 maxillary sinus floor elevation surgeries were made bilaterally in eight animals and randomly repaired by bMSCs/material (i.e. OsteoBone), material, autogenous bone and blood clot (n=4 per group). A polychrome sequential fluorescent labeling was also performed post-operatively. The animals were sacrificed 2, 4 and 8 weeks after the procedure and evaluated histologically as well as histomorphometrically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  New bone area significantly decreased from weeks 2 to 8 in the blood clot group, while bone area in the autologous bone reduced from weeks 4 to 8. In both groups, a significant amount of fatty tissue appeared at week 8. Accordingly, augmented height in both groups was also significantly decreased from weeks 2 to 8. The bone area in the material-alone group as well as in the bMSCs/material group, on the other hand, increased over time. Significantly more newly formed bone area and mineralization was observed in the center of the raised space in the bMSCs/material group than in the material-alone group. The augmented height was maintained in these two groups throughout the course of this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that OsteoBone can successfully be used as a bone graft substitute and that the combination of this material with bMSCs can effectively promote new bone formation in sinus elevation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: X-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Z-Yuan
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: S-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gittens
authors.forename: X-Quan
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: L Lee
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chou
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D017690:Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000637:transplantation; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes