title: Initial experience of using the filter protection device during carotid artery stenting in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  No filter protection devices for carotid artery stenting (CAS) have been formally approved for use in Japan; however, as of April 2008, the Angioguard XP (AGXP) was approved. This article describes our initial results using the AGXP during CAS for the treatment of carotid artery stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of 15 patients (14 men) with a mean age of 72.3 years (range 53-81 years) were treated by CAS using the AGXP. Among them, 10 were symptomatic with >50% stenosis of the common or internal carotid artery (ICA), and 5 were asymptomatic with >70% stenosis. The rates of technical success, periprocedural stroke, ICA flow impairment, filter movement, and development of new ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CAS using the AGXP was successful in all cases. There was one minor stroke, and flow impairment occurred in six patients. Filter movement averaged 1.9 vertebral bodies. DWI showed new ipsilateral ischemic lesions in eight of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Initial clinical experience using the AGXP for CAS has been generally sufficient. However, attention must be paid to three problems when using the AGXP: the filter may move after placement; the filter may disturb blood flow in the ICA; and debris may pass around the filter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Ishinkai Yao General Hospital, 1-41 Numa, Yao 581-0036, Japan, takayamaneuroivs@par.odn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Katsutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taoka
authors.forename: Toshiteru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Myouchin
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukusumi
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Kimihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kichikawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005374:Filtration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015607:Stents