title: Medical liberty: drugless healers confront allopathic doctors, 1910-1931.
abstract: Education, medicine and psychotherapeutics offer exemplary sites through which liberty and its dreams are realized. This article explores the social history of medical freedom and liberty in North America during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The National League for Medical Freedom (NLMF) and the American Medical Liberty League (AMLL) offered fierce resistance to allopathic power. Allopatic liberties and rights to medical practice in asylums, clinics, courts, hospitals, prisons and schools were never certain. The politics of these liberties and rights represents a fascinating story that neither intellectual nor social historians have fully appreciated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Curriculum and Pedagogy, Technology Studies, University of British Columbia, 2125 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. Stephen.petrina@ubc.ca
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petrina
mesh_terms: D002755:Choice Behavior; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005610:Freedom; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008511:Medicine; D014481:United States; D014611:Vaccination / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data