The effect of bed age and shear stress on the particle morphology of eroded cohesive river sediment in an annular flume.
Erosion experiments were conducted in an annular flume to determine the effect of bed age and shear stress on the particle morphology (fractal dimensions D, D(1), and D(k)) of eroded cohesive river sediment. Sediment beds were deposited under low shear and left to consolidate for one, two and seven days. Fractal data and photomicrographs show particle morphology changed with shear stress and bed age. During the one-day experiment, flocs were highly branched and particle geometry became more complex with increasing shear. Microflocs present in suspension at low shear, formed larger more loosely bound flocs at moderate shear due to flocculation. At higher shear, larger flocs were less prevalent due to particle breakup. As bed age increased, less sediment was eroded and particles appeared less porous and more angular in shape for a given shear stress. Changes in floc morphology and eroded sediment mass at various shear stresses may be related to bed age-associated biostabilization of bed deposits.
Stone
Micheal
M
School of Planning and Department of Geography, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1. mstone@fes.uwaterloo.ca
Krishnappan
Bommanna G
BG
Emelko
Monica B
MB
D018441:Biofilms; D005427:Flocculation; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D010316:Particle Size; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors; D014872:Water Movements