Chemokine decoy receptors: new players in reproductive immunology.
Chemokines are multifunctional molecules with roles in leukocyte trafficking and developmental processes. Both fetal and maternal components of the placenta produce chemokines, which control leukocyte trafficking observed in the placenta. Thus, chemokines play roles in the balance between protection of the developing embryo/fetus and tolerance of its hemiallogeneic tissues. Recently, a group of chemokine receptors, which include D6, DARC, and CCX-CKR, have been described as "silent" receptors by virtue of their inability to activate signal transduction events leading to cell chemoattraction. Here we review in vitro and in vivo evidence indicating that chemokine "silent" receptors regulate innate and adaptive immunity behaving as decoy receptors that support internalization and degradation of chemotactic factors, and discuss available information on their potential role in reproductive immunology.
Borroni
Elena Monica
EM
Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, Rozzano, Italy.
Bonecchi
Raffaella
R
Buracchi
Chiara
C
Savino
Benedetta
B
Mantovani
Alberto
A
Locati
Massimo
M
D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology; D004375:Duffy Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010920:Placenta / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D021041:Placental Circulation / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000276:immunology*; D054447:Receptors, CCR10 / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018456:Reproductive Medicine; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D000097628:Chemokine Receptor D6
D018925:Chemokines; D004375:Duffy Blood-Group System; D054447:Receptors, CCR10; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000097628:Chemokine Receptor D6; C473745:ACKR1 protein, human; C091671:XCR1 protein, human