High frequency of BF mosaic genomes among HIV-1-infected children from Sao Paulo, Brazil.
HIV-1 genetic diversity information from a pediatric population is scarce. This study enrolled 128 children living with HIV/AIDS, 103 antiretroviral-treated and 25 naive, from the Sao Paulo metropolitan area. Gag, pol and env regions were amplified, and drug resistance mutations, V3 loop, tropism and viral clades were evaluated. Drug resistance mutations among naïve children infected by vertical transmission were uncommon (4.2%), whereas most ARV-experienced children showed extensive mutation patterns. Clade B predominated at the pol region, but the analysis of the three regions concatenated showed 28% with BF mosaic structures. The most common V3 motif was GPGR, followed by GWGR in clade B samples and GPGQ in clade F samples. A predicted X4 phenotype was observed in 27%, without correlation to HIV clade. These findings expand the limited information on molecular characteristics of HIV-1 among children living with HIV/AIDS in the area and may provide information useful for monitoring the epidemic.
de Oliveira
Cristina Mendes
CM
Laboratório de Retrovírus, Serviço de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Almeida
Flávia Jacqueline
FJ
Rodrigues
Rosangela
R
Crozatti
Marcia
M
Vazquez
Carla Maria Pasquareli
CM
do Socorro Carneiro Ferrão
Maria
M
Campeas
Alexandre Ely
AE
Marques
Silvia Regina
SR
Berezin
Eitan Naaman
EN
de Macedo Brígido
Luis Fernando
LF
D000293:Adolescent; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
D012367:RNA, Viral; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus