title: An investigation into the origins of a series of PM10 anomalies at a remote location in NW England.
abstract: Throughout 2004, PM(10) concentrations were measured at 10 min intervals at Hazelrigg, a remote location in NW England. The annual mean concentration was 6.1 microg m(-3) and likely origins were determined using directional and particle size characteristics. The fine temporal resolution of the monitoring also allowed several short periods (< 20 h) of persistently high PM(10) concentration to be identified and then 'typed' by event start time, duration, wind direction and particle size characteristics. A series of night time PM(10) anomalies (concentration < 465 microg m(-3)) of no obvious source were identified, and by elimination assumed to have originated from a ground-based fire of particle-rich fodder. A novel methodology combining Stokes' Law with systematic and rigorous modelling of source strength (using ADMS3.2) was developed to locate a possible burn site. The process was limited by the lack of previous modelling studies related to ground-based fires, and also by the capacity of ADMS3.2 to model sub-hourly time-varying emissions and fluctuations in wind speed and direction in the near field. However, modelling did suggest the source was located <400 m SSE of Hazelrigg, and investigation of this area revealed a burn site where tyres and plastic bags were piled nearby. Few studies have combined directional analysis and modelling to locate a source based on sampled data. This innovative methodology could be used by regulatory bodies to investigate the origins of unidentified PM(10) observed within the particle record.
authors: Department of Geography, Lancaster Environment Centre, Farrer Avenue, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UKLA1 4YQ. e.ferranti@lancaster.ac.uk
authors: Emma J S
authors: EJ
authors: Ferranti
authors: James Duncan
authors: JD
authors: Whyatt
authors: Brian
authors: B
authors: Davison
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D004739:England; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants