title: Involuntary smoking and head and neck cancer risk: pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium.
abstract: Although active tobacco smoking has been identified as a major risk factor for head and neck cancer, involuntary smoking has not been adequately evaluated because of the relatively low statistical power in previous studies. We took advantage of data pooled in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium to evaluate the role of involuntary smoking in head and neck carcinogenesis. Involuntary smoking exposure data were pooled across six case-control studies in Central Europe, Latin America, and the United States. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated for 542 cases and 2,197 controls who reported never using tobacco, and the heterogeneity among the study-specific ORs was assessed. In addition, stratified analyses were done by subsite. No effect of ever involuntary smoking exposure either at home or at work was observed for head and neck cancer overall. However, long duration of involuntary smoking exposure at home and at work was associated with an increased risk (OR for >15 years at home, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.12-2.28; P(trend) < 0.01; OR for >15 years at work, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.04-2.30; P(trend) = 0.13). The effect of duration of involuntary smoking exposure at home was stronger for pharyngeal and laryngeal cancers than for other subsites. An association between involuntary smoking exposure and the risk of head and neck cancer, particularly pharyngeal and laryngeal cancers, was observed for long duration of exposure. These results are consistent with those for active smoking and suggest that elimination of involuntary smoking exposure might reduce head and neck cancer risk among never smokers.
authors: Lifestyle, Environment and Cancer Group, IARC, 150 cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon, France.
authors: Yuan-Chin Amy
authors: YC
authors: Lee
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Boffetta
authors: Erich M
authors: EM
authors: Sturgis
authors: Qingyi
authors: Q
authors: Wei
authors: Zuo-Feng
authors: ZF
authors: Zhang
authors: Joshua
authors: J
authors: Muscat
authors: Philip
authors: P
authors: Lazarus
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Matos
authors: Richard B
authors: RB
authors: Hayes
authors: Deborah M
authors: DM
authors: Winn
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Zaridze
authors: Victor
authors: V
authors: Wünsch-Filho
authors: Jose
authors: J
authors: Eluf-Neto
authors: Sergio
authors: S
authors: Koifman
authors: Dana
authors: D
authors: Mates
authors: Maria Paula
authors: MP
authors: Curado
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Menezes
authors: Leticia
authors: L
authors: Fernandez
authors: Alexander W
authors: AW
authors: Daudt
authors: Neonila
authors: N
authors: Szeszenia-Dabrowska
authors: Eleonora
authors: E
authors: Fabianova
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Rudnai
authors: Gilles
authors: G
authors: Ferro
authors: Julien
authors: J
authors: Berthiller
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Brennan
authors: Mia
authors: M
authors: Hashibe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution