Ultra-brief intervention for problem drinkers: research protocol.
BACKGROUND
Helping the large number of problem drinkers who will never seek treatment is a challenging issue. Public health initiatives employing educational materials or mass media campaigns have met with mixed success. However, clinical research has developed effective brief interventions to help problem drinkers. This project will employ an intervention that has been validated in clinical settings and then modified into an ultra-brief format suitable for use as a public health intervention. The major objective of this study is to conduct a randomized controlled trial to establish the effectiveness of an ultra-brief, personalized feedback intervention for problem drinkers.


METHODS
Problem drinkers recruited on a baseline population telephone survey conducted in a major metropolitan city in Canada will be randomized to one of three conditions - a personalized feedback pamphlet condition, a control pamphlet condition, or a no intervention control condition. In the week after the baseline survey, households in the two pamphlet conditions will be sent their respective pamphlets. Changes in drinking will be assessed post intervention at three-month and six-month follow-ups. Drinking outcomes will be compared between experimental conditions using Structural Equation Modeling. The primary hypothesis is that problem drinkers from households who receive the personalized feedback pamphlet intervention will display significantly improved drinking outcomes at three and six-month follow-ups as compared to problem drinkers from households in the no intervention control condition. Secondary hypotheses will test the impact of the intervention on help seeking, and explore the mediating or moderating role of perceived drinking norms, perceived alcohol risks and the problem drinker's social reasons for drinking.


CONCLUSIONS
This trial will provide information on the effectiveness of a pamphlet-based personalized feedback intervention for problem drinkers in a community setting.


BACKGROUND
ClinicalTrials.gov registration #NCT00688584.
Cunningham
John A
JA
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2S1, Canada. john_cunningham@camh.net
Neighbors
Clayton
C
Wild
Cameron
C
Humphreys
Keith
K
D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D002170:Canada; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009864:Ontario; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010174:Pamphlets; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012107:Research Design; D012648:Self Care