title: Outcomes following active surveillance of men with localized prostate cancer diagnosed in the prostate specific antigen era.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We gained insights concerning outcomes associated with men who elect active surveillance for the management of localized prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective case series analysis of 40 patients diagnosed with localized prostate cancer since 1990 who elected active surveillance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 31 patients remained on active surveillance for a median of 48 months (range 12 to 168). The 5-year probability of remaining on active surveillance was 74%. Most patients who abandoned this strategy did so within 33 months of diagnosis (range 12 to 84). An increasing prostate specific antigen and anxiety were the 2 most common reasons. A delay in treatment did not appear to compromise subsequent outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Men with low grade prostate cancer can elect active surveillance and have excellent long-term results.
authors: Division of Urology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-3955, USA.
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Ercole
authors: Sarah R
authors: SR
authors: Marietti
authors: Judith
authors: J
authors: Fine
authors: Peter C
authors: PC
authors: Albertsen
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D019370:Observation / Q000379:methods; D011336:Probability; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen