title: Risk factors for local recurrence of middle and lower rectal carcinoma after curative resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the risk factors for local recurrence of middle and lower rectal carcinoma after curative resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens of middle and lower rectal carcinoma from 56 patients who received curative resection at the Department of General Surgery of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital were studied. A large slice technique was used to detect mesorectal metastasis and evaluate circumferential resection margin status. The relations between clinicopathologic characteristics, mesorectal metastasis and circumferential resection margin status were identified in patients with local recurrence of middle and lower rectal carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local recurrence of middle and lower rectal carcinoma after curative resection occurred in 7 of the 56 patients (12.5%), and was significantly associated with family history (c2=3.929, P=0.047), high CEA level (c2=4.964, P=0.026), cancerous perforation (c2=8.503, P=0.004), tumor differentiation (c2=9.315, P=0.009) and vessel cancerous emboli (c2=11.879, P=0.001). In contrast, no significant correlation was found between local recurrence of rectal carcinoma and other variables such as age (c2=0.506, P=0.477), gender (c2=0.102, c2=0.749), tumor diameter (c2=0.421, P=0.516), tumor infiltration (c2=5.052, P=0.168), depth of tumor invasion (c2=4.588, P=0.101), lymph node metastases (c2=3.688, P=0.055) and TNM staging system (c2=3.765, P=0.152). The local recurrence rate of middle and lower rectal carcinoma was 33.3% (4/12) in patients with positive circumferential resection margin and 6.8% (3/44) in those with negative circumferential resection margin. There was a significant difference between the two groups (c2=6.061, P=0.014). Local recurrence of rectal carcinoma occurred in 6 of 36 patients (16.7%) with mesorectal metastasis, and in 1 of 20 patients (5.0%) without mesorectal metastasis. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (c2=1.600, P=0.206).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family history, high CEA level, cancerous perforation, tumor differentiation, vessel cancerous emboli and circumferential resection margin status are the significant risk factors for local recurrence of middle and lower rectal carcinoma after curative resection. Local recurrence may be more frequent in patients with mesorectal metastasis than in patients without mesorectal metastasis.
authors: Department of General Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
authors: Ze-Yu
authors: ZY
authors: Wu
authors: Jin
authors: J
authors: Wan
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Zhao
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Peng
authors: Jia-Lin
authors: JL
authors: Du
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Yao
authors: Quan-Fang
authors: QF
authors: Liu
authors: Hua-Huan
authors: HH
authors: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D010375:Pedigree; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen