title: Confocal microwave imaging for breast cancer detection: delay-multiply-and-sum image reconstruction algorithm.
abstract: A new image reconstruction algorithm, termed as delay-multiply-and-sum (DMAS), for breast cancer detection using an ultra-wideband confocal microwave imaging technique is proposed. In DMAS algorithm, the backscattered signals received from numerical breast phantoms simulated using the finite-difference time-domain method are time shifted, multiplied in pair, and the products are summed to form a synthetic focal point. The effectiveness of the DMAS algorithm is shown by applying it to backscattered signals received from a variety of numerical breast phantoms. The reconstructed images illustrate improvement in identification of embedded malignant tumors over the delay-and-sum algorithm. Successful detection and localization of tumors as small as 2 mm in diameter are also demonstrated.
authors: Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 117528, Singapore. limhb@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg
authors: Hooi Been
authors: HB
authors: Lim
authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyet
authors: NT
authors: Nhung
authors: Er-Ping
authors: EP
authors: Li
authors: Nguyen Duc
authors: ND
authors: Thang
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008872:Microwaves; D011825:Radar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity