title: Effects of rehabilitation treatment on thyroid function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of an intensive rehabilitation programme on thyroid metabolism, the relationship between disability and thyroid hormone level, and the occurrence of nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) before and after rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a clinical prospective study. Orthopaedic surgery patients (n = 82) were classified into two groups: patients in whom early active mobilization and walking were possible (walking group, WG, n = 45), and patients in whom these were not recommended (nonwalking group, NWG, n = 37). Levels of free T3 (fT3), fT4, TSH and rT3 were measured before and after surgery, and then at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 30 days from the beginning of rehabilitation. Personal, nutritional and clinical data were acquired for all patients. The Barthel Index (BI) was used to assess disability before and after rehabilitation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediately after surgery, both groups of patients showed a significant decrease in mean fT3 concentrations and a significant increase in rT3; mean fT4 values decreased significantly only in NWG patients. Once rehabilitation had been completed, fT3 and rT3 levels returned to baseline values in WG patients. In NWG patients mean fT3 and fT4 levels continued to decrease significantly and rT3 values remained significantly high until the end of rehabilitation. NTIS occurred in 38% of the NWG patients. No significant changes in TSH levels were observed in either group. Finally, we observed a direct correlation between fT3 levels and the BI in WG patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that early patient mobilization and physical activity during an active and intensive rehabilitation programme induce recovery of thyroid function and avoid occurrence of NTIS.
authors: Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Centro S Maria della Pace, Rome, Italy. iaprile@dongnocchi.it
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Aprile
authors: Federica
authors: F
authors: Romitelli
authors: Diana Barbara
authors: DB
authors: Piazzini
authors: Luca
authors: L
authors: Padua
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Lancellotti
authors: Loredana
authors: L
authors: Maggi
authors: Cecilia
authors: C
authors: Zuppi
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Bertolini
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Di Stasio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005067:Euthyroid Sick Syndromes / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000097:blood / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000502:physiology*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine