The vomeronasal organ and adjacent glands express components of signaling cascades found in sensory neurons in the main olfactory system.
The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is a sensory organ that influences social and/or reproductive behavior and, in many cases, the survival of an organism. The VNO is believed to mediate responses to pheromones; however, many mechanisms of signal transduction in the VNO remain elusive. Here, we examined the expression of proteins involved in signal transduction that are found in the main olfactory system in the VNO. The localization of many signaling molecules in the VNO is quite different from those in the main olfactory system, suggesting differences in signal transduction mechanisms between these two chemosensory organs. Various signaling molecules are expressed in distinct areas of VNO sensory epithelium. Interestingly, we found the expressions of groups of these signaling molecules in glandular tissues adjacent to VNO, supporting the physiological significance of these glandular tissues. Our finding of high expression of signaling proteins in glandular tissues suggests that neurohumoral factors influence glandular tissues to modulate signaling cascades that in turn alter the responses of the VNO to hormonal status.
Lee
Sang Jin
SJ
Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Mammen
Alex
A
Kim
Esther J
EJ
Kim
So Yeun
SY
Park
Yun Ju
YJ
Park
Mira
M
Han
Hyung Soo
HS
Bae
Yong-Chul
YC
Ronnett
Gabriele V
GV
Moon
Cheil
C
D000818:Animals; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019147:Vomeronasal Organ / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*