title: Impact of in-hospital revascularization on survival in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome and congestive heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome complicated by congestive heart failure (CHF) have a poor prognosis. The aims of this study were to describe the use of revascularization in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome and CHF and to analyze its impact on survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events, 29 844 patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome were enrolled at 120 hospitals in 14 countries between April 1999 and June 2007; 4953 had CHF at presentation. One fifth of the patients with CHF underwent revascularization versus 35% of those without CHF (P<0.001). Among CHF patients, revascularized patients had lower-risk baseline clinical characteristics than nonrevascularized patients and were more likely to receive evidence-based cardiac medications. Hospital rates were not affected by revascularization (adjusted hazard ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval 0.72 to 1.33, P=0.87). Death from discharge to 6-month follow-up was lower in patients who underwent revascularization than in those who did not (odds ratio 0.51, 95% confidence interval 0.35 to 0.74, P<0.001). This difference persisted after adjustment for GRACE risk score variables, country, and propensity for revascularization (odds ratio 0.58, 95% confidence interval 0.40 to 0.85, P=0.005). When revascularization as a time-varying covariate was taken into account in an adjusted Cox regression, the rate of death was again lower in patients undergoing revascularization (hazard ratio 0.64, 95% confidence interval 0.45 to 0.93, P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This observational study suggests a low use of in-hospital revascularization in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome patients with CHF. The consistent reduction in postdischarge death in revascularized patients suggests that broader application of revascularization in this high-risk group may be beneficial.
authors: INSERM U-698, Recherche Clinique en Athérothrombose, Université Paris VII, Centre Hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75877 Paris, Cedex 18, France. gabriel.steg@bch.aphp.fr
authors: Philippe Gabriel
authors: PG
authors: Steg
authors: Arthur
authors: A
authors: Kerner
authors: Frans
authors: F
authors: Van de Werf
authors: José
authors: J
authors: López-Sendón
authors: Joel M
authors: JM
authors: Gore
authors: Gordon
authors: G
authors: Fitzgerald
authors: Laurent J
authors: LJ
authors: Feldman
authors: Frederick A
authors: FA
authors: Anderson
authors: Alvaro
authors: A
authors: Avezum
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012042:Registries; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate