title: Decreased phosphorylation of STAT-1, STAT-4 and cytokine release in MDR-TB patients with primary resistance.
abstract: METHODS
  We recently showed that treatment failure rate was higher among multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients without a previous history of tuberculosis (TB) treatment, or so-called 'primary resistance'.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the phosphorylation levels of signal transducers and activators of transcription-1 (STAT-1) and STAT-4 and the subsequent cytokine release as a possible cause of a poor prognosis in MDR-TB patients with primary resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with successfully treated pulmonary TB without resistance, 12 MDR-TB patients with acquired resistance and 10 MDR-TB patients with primary resistance were enrolled. After 24 h stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-12 (IL-12), purified protein derivative (PPD), or lysate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, flow cytometric analysis of intracellular pSTAT-1 and pSTAT-4 were performed and secretion of IFN-gamma, IL-12p40 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was measured in culture supernatant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean fluorescent intensities of pSTAT-1 and pSTAT-4 in PBMC of MDR-TB patients with primary resistance decreased on stimulation of IFN-gamma, PPD or lysate of M. tuberculosis when compared with patients with acquired resistance. In addition, secretion of IFN-gamma, IL-12p40 and TNF-alpha in these patients decreased on various stimuli.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decreased phosphorylation of STAT-1, STAT-4, and of subsequent cytokine release, might be associated with a poor prognosis in MDR-TB patients with primary resistance.
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Lung Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: H J
authors: HJ
authors: Kim
authors: D H
authors: DH
authors: Chung
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Kim
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Jang
authors: Y W
authors: YW
authors: Kim
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Han
authors: Y-S
authors: YS
authors: Shim
authors: J-J
authors: JJ
authors: Yim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D050797:STAT4 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D050797:STAT4 Transcription Factor; C494090:STAT4 protein, human