title: Characterization of human kidney stones using micro-PIXE and RBS: a comparative study between two different populations.
abstract: The micro-PIXE and RBS techniques are used to investigate the matrix as well as the trace elemental composition of calcium-rich human tissues on a microscopic scale. This paper deals with the spatial distribution of trace metals in hard human tissues such as kidney stone concretions, undertaken at the nuclear microprobe (NMP) facility. Relevant information about ion beam techniques used for material characterization will be discussed. Mapping correlation between different trace metals to extract information related to micro-regions composition will be illustrated with an application using proton energies of 1.5 and 3.0 MeV and applied to a comparative study for human kidney stone concretions nucleation region analysis from two different population groups (Sudan and South Africa).
authors: Materials Research Group, iThemba LABS, P.O. Box 722, Somerset West 7129, South Africa. pineda@tlabs.ac.za
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Pineda-Vargas
authors: M E M
authors: ME
authors: Eisa
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Rodgers
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000208:ethnology / Q000473:pathology*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D011522:Protons; D011827:Radiation; D013019:South Africa; D013397:Sudan; D014131:Trace Elements
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D014131:Trace Elements; D002118:Calcium