title: The accuracy of transrectal ultrasonography supplemented with computer-aided ultrasonography for detecting small prostate cancers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the extent to which computer-aided ultrasonography of the prostate (HistoScanning, Advanced Medical Diagnostics, Waterloo, Belgium) can identify tumour foci that correspond to a volume of >or=0.50 mL.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between September 2004 and February 2006, 29 men were HistoScanned before scheduled radical prostatectomy. The three-dimensional raw (grey-scaled) data required for HistoScanning analysis were acquired by transrectal ultrasonography, and analysed using organ-specific tissue-characterization algorithms which form the core of the HistoScanning technology. The HistoScanning analysis results were compared with the histology of the whole-mounted prostate, step-sectioned sagittally at 5-mm intervals, and each slide analysed by 5 x 5 mm grid analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 29 patients, 13 had histology unknown to those evaluating the HistoScanning data. With 0.50 mL as the lower threshold for delineating and visualizing cancer volume, HistoScanning correctly predicted the presence of all 12 lesions that were subsequently confirmed to occupy >or=0.50 mL. In addition three lesions were predicted as being present and of >or=0.50 mL. These three lesions were subsequently confirmed to be present but were <or=0.50 mL on histopathological review. Thus, using the clinically accepted volume threshold of 0.50 mL, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of HistoScanning were 12/12, 13/16 (82%), 12/15 (80%) and 12/12, respectively, for the cancer foci analysed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this preliminary study, HistoScanning accurately detected cancer foci of >or=0.50 mL; these encouraging results will need to be verified in a larger group of patients.
authors: UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit, Brussels, Belgium.
authors: Johan
authors: J
authors: Braeckman
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Autier
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Soviany
authors: Rina
authors: R
authors: Nir
authors: Dror
authors: D
authors: Nir
authors: Dirk
authors: D
authors: Michielsen
authors: Karien
authors: K
authors: Treurnicht
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Jarmulowicz
authors: Harry
authors: H
authors: Bleiberg
authors: Senthil
authors: S
authors: Govindaraju
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Emberton
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography