title: Influence of resident training on anaesthesia induction times.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect of resident training in anaesthesiology on operating room (OR) economics is an issue of debate. Comparisons of anaesthesia process times between residents and consultants might be systematically skewed by interactions of anaesthesia technique and patient factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, observational study, we analysed anaesthesia process times in 599 cases performed for four different surgical services in a University hospital. The following factors were recorded for each case and used in multivariate analyses of process times: age, American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) status, BMI, emergency status, the educational level of the anaesthetist, and the anaesthesia technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the non-adjusted comparison, only for two of seven anaesthetic techniques did resident cases have statistically significant longer induction times than consultant cases: general anaesthesia with placement of a central venous catheter [mean (sd) anaesthesia time for resident cases 38.2 (17.0) vs 22.3 (10.0) min for consultant cases, P=0.001] and general anaesthesia with a laryngeal mask airway [resident cases 11.3 (5.5) vs consultant cases 7.3 (5.0) min, P=0.003]. Anaesthetic technique had the greatest effect on anaesthesia induction time. Educational level of the anaesthetist and age of the patients had small, but significant effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anaesthesia cases performed by residents have in some, but not in all, anaesthesia techniques increased process times compared with cases performed by consultants. This limits a possible negative impact on OR economics by resident education. Patient-based factors including ASA status, BMI, and emergency status have minimal or no effect on anaesthesia process times.
authors: Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. martin.schuster@charite.de
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Schuster
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kotjan
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Fiege
authors: A E
authors: AE
authors: Goetz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000193:education*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005858:Germany; D006302:Health Services Research / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000592:standards; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors