Methods for detection of GMOs in food and feed.
This paper reviews aspects relevant to detection and quantification of genetically modified (GM) material within the feed/food chain. The GM crop regulatory framework at the international level is evaluated with reference to traceability and labelling. Current analytical methods for the detection, identification, and quantification of transgenic DNA in food and feed are reviewed. These methods include quantitative real-time PCR, multiplex PCR, and multiplex real-time PCR. Particular attention is paid to methods able to identify multiple GM events in a single reaction and to the development of microdevices and microsensors, though they have not been fully validated for application.
Marmiroli
Nelson
N
Department of Environmental Sciences, Division of Genetics and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Parma, Viale G.P. Usberti 11A, 43100, Parma, Italy.
Maestri
Elena
E
Gullì
Mariolina
M
Malcevschi
Alessio
A
Peano
Clelia
C
Bordoni
Roberta
R
De Bellis
Gianluca
G
D000818:Animals; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005504:Food Analysis; D020387:Food Chain; D030841:Food, Genetically Modified; D006801:Humans; D015336:Molecular Probe Techniques; D030781:Organisms, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*