title: Reliability and validity of the Test of In-Hand Manipulation in children ages 5 to 6 years.
abstract: The Test of In-Hand Manipulation (TIHM; Case-Smith, 2000) is a five-task test that uses a 9-hole pegboard to examine 2 key components of in-hand manipulation: rotation and translation with stabilization. The authors used Rasch modeling to examine the TIHM's construct validity, interrater reliability, and test-retest reliability in 45 typically developing children ages 5.5 years to 6.5 years. A version of the test, revised using Rasch modeling, was found to have evidence for adequate construct validity and excellent interrater reliability. However, test-retest reliability over a 2-week retest period was not supported. The TIHM demonstrates potential as a clinically useful assessment of in-hand manipulation. The test does not examine all aspects of in-hand manipulation, however, and it may have limited sensitivity to the performance of finger-to-palm and palm-to-finger translation. Further validation of the test is needed before the TIHM can confidently be used in occupational therapy practice.
authors: School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors: Karina
authors: K
authors: Pont
authors: Margaret
authors: M
authors: Wallen
authors: Anita
authors: A
authors: Bundy
authors: Jane
authors: J
authors: Case-Smith
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity