title: Prospective comparison of sorafenib and sunitinib for second-line treatment of cytokine-refractory kidney cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It was the aim of this study to investigate the clinical differences between the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) sorafenib and sunitinib as second-line treatment for cytokine-refractory kidney cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty consecutive patients received continuous treatment of oral sorafenib at a dose of 400 mg twice daily in 6-week cycles. Sunitinib was administered to the remaining 20 patients at 50 mg once daily in repeated 6-week cycles consisting of daily therapy for 4 weeks, followed by a 2-week off-treatment period. We correlated best treatment responses and progression-free survival (PFS) with either TKI treatment. Adverse events were evaluated and differences were compared between both treatment groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the sorafenib group, 2 (10%) patients showed a partial response (PR) and 4 (20%) patients had progressive disease (PD) versus 6 (30%) PRs and 3 (15%) PDs in the sunitinib group, respectively (p = 0.195). The median PFS was 6.4 months for sorafenib and 7.4 months for sunitinib (p = 0.969). In contrast to gender, age and the number of prior cytokine therapy cycles, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (p = 0.024) and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center risk groups for second-line treatments (p = 0.015) were independent predictive parameters of PFS. Gastrointestinal symptoms were found to occur with greater frequency in the sunitinib group (p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both TKIs showed comparable clinical benefits. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status and the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center risk groups can help determine which patients might benefit from alternative drug treatments.
authors: Department of Urology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors: Edwin
authors: E
authors: Herrmann
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Bierer
authors: Joachim
authors: J
authors: Gerss
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Köpke
authors: Lothar
authors: L
authors: Hertle
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Wülfing
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018401:Sample Size; D000077157:Sorafenib; D000077210:Sunitinib; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D007211:Indoles; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D011758:Pyrroles; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib; D000077210:Sunitinib