Evaluating the process of care in nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage: a survey of expert vs. non-expert gastroenterologists.
BACKGROUND
When faced with the same facts, physicians often make different decisions. Aim To perform a survey to measure the process of care and variations in decision-making in nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal tract haemorrhage (NVUGIH) and compare results between experts and non-experts.


METHODS
We administered a vignette survey to elicit knowledge and beliefs about NVUGIH, including 13 'best practice' guidelines. We compared guideline compliance between experts and non-experts.


RESULTS
One hundred and eighty-eight gastroenterologists responded (46%). Experts endorsed more 'best practices' than non-experts (93% vs. 85%; P = 0.002). Non-experts were more likely to endorse incorrectly bolus dosing vs. continuous infusion of intravenous proton pump inhibitors (PPIs; 92% vs. 64%; P = 0.005) and to select standard-channel vs. large-channel endoscopes in high-risk bleeding (100% vs. 85%; P = 0.04). There were wide variations within groups regarding the timing of nasogastric lavage, use of promotility agents, use of hemoclips and appropriateness of snaring clots overlying ulcers.


CONCLUSIONS
Experts are more likely to comply with NVUGIH guidelines. Non-experts diverge from experts in the dosing of PPIs and choice of endoscope in high-risk bleeding. Moreover, there are wide variations in key practices even within groups. This suggests that best practices have been generally well disseminated, but that persistent disconnects exist that should be further investigated.
Esrailian
E
E
VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Gralnek
I M
IM
Jensen
D
D
Laine
L
L
Dulai
G S
GS
Eisen
G
G
Spiegel
B M R
BM
D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D041742:Upper Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000503:physiopathology*