[Induction of apoptosis of the human leukemia cells by arctigenin and its mechanism of action].
This study investigated the effect of arctigenin (ARG) on the induction of apoptosis and the putative pathways of its action in HL-60 and K562 cells. MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxic effect of ARG in HL-60 and K562 cells. The apoptosis was observed by Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis. Caspase-3 enzyme activity was measured by caspase-3 enzyme activity detection kit. The expression of related protein was analyzed by Western blotting and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ARG-treated HL-60 cells and K562 cells exhibited growth inhibition and displayed several features of apoptosis, including DNA fragmentation and DNA laddering by agarose gel electrophoresis. It was observed that poly-(ADP-ribose) polymeras (PARP) were cleaved to smaller molecules and ARG induced upregulation of bax and downregulation of bcl-2 protein expression. However, it had no effect on VEGF levels. Taken together, this study demonstrated that ARG is a potent inducer of apoptosis and this was accompanied by caspase-3 activation and upregulation of bax/bcl-2, which offers a potential mechanism for the apoptosis-inducing activity of ARG.
Wang
Lu
L
School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
Zhao
Feng
F
Liu
Ke
K
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D031170:Arctium / Q000737:chemistry; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005663:Furans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D017705:Lignans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism*
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005663:Furans; D017705:Lignans; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D053148:Caspase 3; C071942:arctigenin