title: Detection of breast cancer metastasis in sentinel lymph nodes using intra-operative real time GeneSearch BLN Assay in the operating room: results of the Cardiff study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intra-operative assessment is not routinely performed in the UK due to poor sensitivity of available methods and overburdened pathology resources. We conducted a prospective clinical feasibility study of the GeneSearch Breast Lymph Node (BLN) Assay (Veridex, LLC, Warren, NJ) to confirm its potential usefulness within the UK healthcare system.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the assay 50% of the lymph node was processed to detect the presence of cytokeratin-19 and mammaglobin mRNA. The assay was calibrated to detect metastases >0.2 mm. Assay results were compared to H&E performed on each face of approximately 2 mm alternating node slabs and 3 additional sections cut at approximately 150 microm interval from each face of the node slab.
  
  
  RESULTS
  124 sentinel lymph nodes were removed from 82 breast cancer patients. The assay correctly identified all 6 patients with sentinel node macrometastases (>2.0 mm), and 2 of 3 patients with sentinel node micrometastases (0.2-2.0 mm). Sentinel lymph nodes in 4 patients were assay positive but histology negative. Two of these four patients had isolated tumor cells seen by histology. The overall concordance with histology was 93.9% (77/82), with sensitivity of 88.9% (8/9, 95% CI 56.5-98%), specificity of 94.6% (69/73, 95% CI 86.7-97.8%), positive predictive value of 66.7% (8/12, 95% CI 39.1-86.2%) and negative predictive value of 98.6% (69/70, 95% CI 92.3-99.7%). The assay was performed in a median time of 32 min (range 26-69 min).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intra-operative assessment of sentinel lymph node can be performed rapidly and accurately using the GeneSearch BLN Assay.
authors: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK. manselre@cf.ac.uk
authors: Robert E
authors: RE
authors: Mansel
authors: Amit
authors: A
authors: Goyal
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Douglas-Jones
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Woods
authors: Sumit
authors: S
authors: Goyal
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: Monypenny
authors: Helen
authors: H
authors: Sweetland
authors: Robert G
authors: RG
authors: Newcombe
authors: Bharat
authors: B
authors: Jasani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001681:Biological Assay; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000235:genetics; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D060785:Mammaglobin A; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D015996:Survival Rate; D014598:Uteroglobin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053539:Keratin-19; D060785:Mammaglobin A; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C556448:SCGB2A2 protein, human; D014598:Uteroglobin