title: Results and complications of adolescent varicocele repair with intraoperative sodium morrhuate sclerotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adolescent varicocele has been shown to affect spermatogenesis and correlate with decreased ipsilateral testicular volume, prompting treatment in a select population. We report our experience with 3 varicocele ligation procedures in concordance with sclerotherapy in adolescent patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 120 males underwent varicocele surgery at our institutions during an 8-year period. Sodium morrhuate sclerotherapy was used in 91 patients and 73 adolescent males fulfilled the 6-month followup criteria. The 73 males who were 9 to 17 years old underwent a total of 75 (bilateral in 2) procedures for varicocele treatment. Of the patients 23 underwent subinguinal microscopic varicocelectomy (group 1), 9 underwent loupe assisted subinguinal varicocelectomy (group 2) and 41 underwent loupe assisted inguinal varicocelectomy (group 3). All patients received intraoperative sclerotherapy using sodium morrhuate injection. Outcome measures included recurrence, complications and catch-up growth at a minimum of 6 months of followup.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The varicocele recurrence rate was 2.7% in patients receiving combined surgical ligation and sclerotherapy ablation. Group 1 had 2 recurrent varicoceles and no hydrocele formation, group 2 had no varicocele recurrence and no hydrocele formation, and group 3 had no varicocele recurrence and 2 postoperative hydroceles. Catch-up growth in the ipsilateral testis was seen in 85% of patients. No atrophy or testicular loss was noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary experience with combined surgical ligation and sclerotherapy ablation in the adolescent population resulted in low varicocele recurrence with minimal morbidity. Outcomes of loupe assisted varicocelectomy appear to be improved compared to those in previous studies, alluding to an advantage in the addition of sclerotherapy.
authors: Department of Urology, Temple University Children's Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors: Brett
authors: B
authors: Lebed
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Packer
authors: Douglas
authors: D
authors: Husmann
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Zaontz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012976:Sodium Morrhuate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods*; D014646:Varicocele / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D012976:Sodium Morrhuate