Posterior segment manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
Ocular manifestations can occur in up to 50% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and posterior segment involvement is the most common presentation. The posterior segment manifestations of AIDS can be divided into four categories: retinal vasculopathy, opportunistic infections, unusual malignancies and neuro-ophthalmologic abnormalities. Retinal microvasculopathy and cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis are the most common manifestations, even in the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Highly active anti-retroviral therapy has been shown to cause regression of CMV retinitis, reduce the incidence of CMV-related retinal detachments, and prolong patient survival. Immune recovery uveitis is a new cause of vision loss in patients on HAART. Diagnosis and treatment are guided by the particular conditions and immune status of the patient.
Banker
Alay S
AS
Banker's Retina Clinic and Laser Centre, 5 Subhash Society, Behind Ishvar Bhuvan, Ahmedabad 380 009, India. alay.banker@gmail.com
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006678:HIV; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D011379:Prognosis; D015866:Uveitis, Posterior / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents