title: Bacterial endotoxin (LPS)-induced DNA damage in preimplanting embryonic and uterine cells inhibits implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced DNA damage in preimplanting embryonic and uterine cells during preimplantation period of pregnancy that may ultimately inhibit the process of implantation in mouse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic research environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty four Park strain female mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The "minimum dose" (MD) of LPS was injected intraperitoneally in the pregnant females on day 0.5 of pregnancy, and individual embryos and uterine cells were assessed by comet assay on days 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.375 of the preimplantation period of pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Percentage of embryos and uterine cells with tail, mean comet tail length, percentage of fragmented DNA in tail.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly higher numbers of embryos with higher mean comet tail length and percentage of fragmented DNA in tail were observed in the LPS-treated compared with control animals as the period of pregnancy approaches the stage of implantation. At the same time, DNA damage was also significantly higher in the uterine cells of LPS-treated compared with control animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MD of LPS can induce DNA damage in the preimplantation-stage embryos and uterine cells, which causes poor embryonic development and improper preparation of uterine horns during the preimplantation period of pregnancy, which may ultimately inhibit the process of implantation in mouse.
authors: Molecular Biology and Reproductive Immunology Laboratory, School of Studies in Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India. jaiswalyk@gmail.com
authors: Yogesh Kumar
authors: YK
authors: Jaiswal
authors: Mukesh Kumar
authors: MK
authors: Jaiswal
authors: Varkha
authors: V
authors: Agrawal
authors: Madan Mohan
authors: MM
authors: Chaturvedi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004971:Estrus / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011247:Pregnancy; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides