title: [Overall burden to society caused by hyperkinetic syndrome (HKS) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this work was to provide an analysis of medical costs for HKS/ADHD on the basis of a cost-of-illness study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic literature review concerning the direct and indirect costs of HKS/ADHD and its related implications was complemented by a special analysis of the German Federal Office of Statistics on ICD-10 F 90.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An analysis of overall medical costs by the Federal Office of Statistics results in expenses of 142 million euro in 2002 corresponding to ca. 630 euro per patient per year. These values are considerably below the values calculated for the USA. Increased indirect costs related to different implications of the indication were stated in international studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A first estimate of the direct costs for HKS/ADHS in Germany has been conducted. A reduction of the difference between the German and the US direct cost values may be expected. An increased level of the indirect costs related to HKS/ADHD may be assumed for Germany and requires further research.
authors: Lehrstuhl für Gesundheitsmanagement, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Schöffski
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Sohn
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Happich
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans