Self-eating from an ER-associated cup.
Since the first morphological description of autophagosomes in the early 1960s, two critical questions have been a matter of intense investigation and debate: what is the origin of the autophagosomal membrane and how is it formed? A study by Axe et al. (E.L. Axe, S.A. Walker, M. Manifava, P. Chandra, H.L. Roderick, A. Habermann, G. Griffiths, and N.T. Ktistakis. 2008. J. Cell Biol. 182:685-701) provides evidence that cup-shaped protrusions from the endoplasmic reticulum, named omegasomes, serve as platforms for autophagosome biogenesis in mammalian cells.
Simonsen
Anne
A
Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Stenmark
Harald
H
D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; C426003:ZFYVE1 protein, human; C055525:phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate