From natural bone grafts to tissue engineering therapeutics: Brainstorming on pharmaceutical formulative requirements and challenges.
Tissue engineering is an emerging multidisciplinary field of investigation focused on the regeneration of diseased or injured tissues through the delivery of appropriate molecular and mechanical signals. Therefore, bone tissue engineering covers all the attempts to reestablish a normal physiology or to speed up healing of bone in all musculoskeletal disorders and injuries that are lashing modern societies. This article attempts to give a pharmaceutical perspective on the production of engineered man-made bone grafts that are described as implantable tissue engineering therapeutics, and to highlight the importance of understanding bone composition and structure, as well as osteogenesis and bone healing processes, to improve the design and development of such implants. In addition, special emphasis is given to pharmaceutical aspects that are frequently minimized, but that, instead, may be useful for formulation developments and in vitro/in vivo correlations.
Baroli
Biancamaria
B
Dip. Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università di Cagliari, Via Ospedale, 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D019737:Transplants / Q000592:standards
D006133:Growth Substances