title: The FTO gene is associated with adulthood obesity in the Mexican population.
abstract: Common polymorphisms in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) have shown strong association with obesity in several populations. In the present study, we explored the association of FTO gene polymorphisms with obesity and other biochemical parameters in the Mexican population. We also assessed FTO gene expression levels in adipose tissue of obese and nonobese individuals. The study comprised 788 unrelated Mexican-Mestizo individuals and 31 subcutaneous fat tissue biopsies from lean and obese women. FTO single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs9939609, rs1421085, and rs17817449 were associated with obesity, particularly with class III obesity, under both additive and dominant models (P = 0.0000004 and 0.000008, respectively). These associations remained significant after adjusting for admixture (P = 0.000003 and 0.00009, respectively). Moreover, risk alleles showed a nominal association with lower insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment of B-cell function (HOMA-B), and with higher homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-S) only in nonobese individuals (P (dom) = 0.031, 0.023, and 0.049, respectively). FTO mRNA levels were significantly higher in subcutaneous fat tissue of class III obese individuals than in lean individuals (P = 0.043). Risk alleles were significantly associated with higher FTO expression in the class III obesity group (P = 0.047). In conclusion, FTO is a major risk factor for obesity (particularly class III) in the Mexican-Mestizo population, and is upregulated in subcutaneous fat tissue of obese individuals.
authors: Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors: Marisela
authors: M
authors: Villalobos-Comparán
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Teresa Flores-Dorantes
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Teresa Villarreal-Molina
authors: Maricela
authors: M
authors: Rodríguez-Cruz
authors: Ana C
authors: AC
authors: García-Ulloa
authors: Lorena
authors: L
authors: Robles
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Huertas-Vázquez
authors: Nubia
authors: N
authors: Saucedo-Villarreal
authors: Mardia
authors: M
authors: López-Alarcón
authors: Fausto
authors: F
authors: Sánchez-Muñoz
authors: Aarón
authors: A
authors: Domínguez-López
authors: Ruth
authors: R
authors: Gutiérrez-Aguilar
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Menjivar
authors: Ramón
authors: R
authors: Coral-Vázquez
authors: Gabriel
authors: G
authors: Hernández-Stengele
authors: Victor S
authors: VS
authors: Vital-Reyes
authors: Victor
authors: V
authors: Acuña-Alonzo
authors: Sandra
authors: S
authors: Romero-Hidalgo
authors: Doris G
authors: DG
authors: Ruiz-Gómez
authors: Daniela
authors: D
authors: Riaño-Barros
authors: Miguel F
authors: MF
authors: Herrera
authors: Francisco J
authors: FJ
authors: Gómez-Pérez
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Froguel
authors: Eduardo
authors: E
authors: García-García
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Teresa Tusié-Luna
authors: Carlos A
authors: CA
authors: Aguilar-Salinas
authors: Samuel
authors: S
authors: Canizales-Quinteros
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000737:chemistry; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human