Pathogenesis, management, and consequences of primary graft dysfunction.
Primary graft dysfunction continues to be a major contributing factor to morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. This condition is presumed to be the result of ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is associated with the release of endogenous substances that can activate the innate immune system. Primary graft dysfunction has been shown to be an independent risk factor for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome indicating that it can shape alloimmune responses. In this review, we focus on the classification, pathogenesis, possible prevention strategies, management and consequences of primary graft dysfunction.
Carter
Yvette M
YM
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63110-1013, USA.
Gelman
Andrew E
AE
Kreisel
Daniel
D
D001989:Bronchiolitis Obliterans / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors