title: Müller cells do not influence leukocyte adhesion to retinal endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diabetic retinopathy is associated with inflammation. The authors investigated the influence of Müller cells on leukocyte adhesion to retinal endothelial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  ICAM-1 levels were assessed by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Leukocyte adhesion was quantified using a fluorescence assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High glucose and oxidative/nitrosative stress conditions increased ICAM-1 levels in endothelial cells and leukocyte adhesion. Under the influence of Müller cells (co-cultures/conditioned medium), the effects were comparable to those found when endothelial cells were exposed, alone, to similar conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that Müller cells do not influence leukocyte adhesion under the in vitro conditions used in this study.
authors: Center of Ophthalmology, IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors: Ermelindo C
authors: EC
authors: Leal
authors: Célia A
authors: CA
authors: Aveleira
authors: Aurea F
authors: AF
authors: Castilho
authors: Filipa I
authors: FI
authors: Baptista
authors: António F
authors: AF
authors: Ambrósio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology*; D009603:Nitroso Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: C093285:NOC 18; D009603:Nitroso Compounds; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005947:Glucose