title: Neighborhood-level correlates of consistent condom use among men who have sex with men: a multi-level analysis.
abstract: There is growing evidence that the neighborhood environment influences sexual behavior and related outcomes, but little work has focused specifically on men who have sex with men (MSM). Using interview data from a probability sample of 385 young MSM living in New York City, recruited at public venues in 1999 and 2000 as part of the Young Men's Survey-New York City, and data on neighborhood characteristics obtained from the U.S. Census 2000, we conducted multi-level analyses of the associations between neighborhood-level characteristics and consistent condom use during anal intercourse, while controlling for individual-level sociodemographic and other factors. After adjusting for individual-level factors, neighborhood-level gay presence remained significantly and positively associated with consistent condom use during anal intercourse. This finding suggests that neighborhoods with a significant gay presence may have norms that act to discourage high risk sexual activity.
authors: Urban Public Health Program, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, USA. vfrye@hunter.cuny.edu
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Frye
authors: Beryl
authors: B
authors: Koblin
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Chin
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Beard
authors: Shannon
authors: S
authors: Blaney
authors: Perry
authors: P
authors: Halkitis
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Vlahov
authors: Sandro
authors: S
authors: Galea
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055361:Multilevel Analysis; D009519:New York City; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult