title: Evaluation of a method for determining concentrations of isoeugenol, an AQUI-S residue, in fillet tissue from freshwater fish species.
abstract: AQUI-S is a fish anesthetic/sedative that is approved for use in a number of countries throughout the world and has the potential for use in the United States. The active ingredient in AQUI-S is isoeugenol. A method for determining isoeugenol concentrations in edible fillet tissue is needed for regulatory purposes, including surveillance and potential use in studies fulfilling human food safety data requirements if U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval is pursued. A method was developed and evaluated for determining isoeugenol concentrations in fillet tissue using relatively common procedures and equipment. The method produced accurate and precise results with fillet tissue from 10 freshwater fish species. The percentage of isoeugenol recovered from samples fortified with isoeugenol at nominal concentrations of 1, 50, and 100 microg/g for all species was always >80 and <97%. Within-day precision for samples fortified at those same concentrations was < or =10%, and day-to-day precision was < or =4.0%. Method precision with fillet tissue containing biologically incurred isoeugenol was < or =8.1%. There were no or minimal chromatographic interferences in control fillet tissue extracts from 9 of the 10 species. The method detection limits for all but one species ranged from 0.004 to 0.014 microg/g, and the quantitation limits ranged from 0.012 to 0.048 microg/g.
authors: U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603, USA. jmeinertz@usgs.gov
authors: Jeffery R
authors: JR
authors: Meinertz
authors: Theresa M
authors: TM
authors: Schreier
authors: Jeffry A
authors: JA
authors: Bernardy
mesh_terms: D000777:Anesthetics / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005054:Eugenol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000032:analysis*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; D019155:Veterinary Drugs; D005054:Eugenol; C036643:isoeugenol