title: A potential role of alkaloid extracts from Salsola species (Chenopodiaceae) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: From the aerial parts of Salsola oppositofolia, S. soda and S. tragus an alkaloid extract was obtained and tested to evaluate antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activities. The in vitro study of the antioxidant activity by the DPPH method revealed a significant activity of Salsola alkaloid extracts with IC(50) values ranging from 16.30 microg/mL for S. oppositifolia to 26.17 microg/mL for S. tragus. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitory activities were evaluated. S. tragus alkaloid extract exerted the highest inhibitory activity against AChE (IC(50) of 30.2 microg/mL) and BChE (IC(50) of 26.5 microg/mL). Interestingly, S. soda and S. oppositifolia exhibited a selective inhibitory activity against BChE with IC(50) values of 34.3 microg/mL and 32.7 microg/mL, respectively. Tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids were identified and quantified by GC/MS analysis.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutritional and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87030, Rende (CS), Italy. tundis@unical.it
authors: Rosa
authors: R
authors: Tundis
authors: Federica
authors: F
authors: Menichini
authors: Filomena
authors: F
authors: Conforti
authors: Monica R
authors: MR
authors: Loizzo
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Bonesi
authors: Giancarlo
authors: G
authors: Statti
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Menichini
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000378:metabolism; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D031248:Salsola / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase