title: Development and evaluation of lorazepam microemulsions for parenteral delivery.
abstract: The objective of this investigation was to develop lorazepam (LZM) microemulsions as an alternative to the conventional cosolvent based formulation. Solubility of LZM in various oils and Tween 80 was determined. The ternary diagram was plotted to identify area of microemulsion existence and a suitable composition was identified to achieve desired LZM concentration. The LZM microemulsions were evaluated for compatibility with parenteral fluids, globule size, in vitro hemolysis and stability of LZM. Capmul MCM demonstrated highest solubilizing potential for LZM and was used as an oily phase. LZM microemulsions were compatible with parenteral dilution fluids and exhibited mean globule size less than 200 nm. The in vitro hemolysis studies indicated that microemulsions were well tolerated by erythrocytes. The LZM microemulsions containing amino acids exhibited good physical and chemical stability when subjected to refrigeration for 6 months.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, India.
authors: Amit A
authors: AA
authors: Kale
authors: Vandana B
authors: VB
authors: Patravale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008140:Lorazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D008140:Lorazepam