title: Laser exposure incidents: pilot ocular health and aviation safety issues.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A database of aviation reports involving laser illumination of flight crewmembers has been established and maintained at the Civil Aerospace Medical Institute. A review of recent laser illumination reports was initiated to investigate the significance of these events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reports that involved laser exposures of civilian aircraft in the United States were analyzed for the 13-month period (January 1, 2004, through January 31, 2005).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 90 reported instances of laser illumination during the study period. A total of 53 reports involved laser exposure of commercial aircraft. Lasers illuminated the cockpit in 41 (46%) of the incidents. Of those, 13 (32%) incidents resulted in a visual impairment or distraction to a pilot, including 1 incident that reportedly resulted in an ocular injury. Nearly 96% of these reports occurred in the last 3 months of the study period. There were no aviation accidents in which laser light illumination was found to be a contributing factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Operational problems have resulted from laser illumination incidents in the national airspace system. Eye care practitioners, to provide effective consultations to their pilot patients, should be familiar with the problems that can occur with laser exposure.
authors: Vision Research Team, AAM-630, FAA/CAMI, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73105, USA. van.nakagawara@faa.gov
authors: Van B
authors: VB
authors: Nakagawara
authors: Kathryn J
authors: KJ
authors: Wood
authors: Ron W
authors: RW
authors: Montgomery
mesh_terms: D001359:Aviation; D005123:Eye / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007834:Lasers / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology