title: Randomized phase II trial of a toll-like receptor 9 agonist oligodeoxynucleotide, PF-3512676, in combination with first-line taxane plus platinum chemotherapy for advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed the efficacy of the combination of standard taxane plus platinum chemotherapy with the synthetic Toll-like receptor 9-activating oligodeoxynucleotide PF-3512676 in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Chemotherapy-naive patients with stage IIIB to IV NSCLC were randomly assigned (one to two ratio) to receive four to six cycles of taxane/platinum chemotherapy alone or with 0.2 mg/kg of subcutaneous PF-3512676 on days 8 and 15 of each 3-week cycle. The primary end point was objective response rate (ORR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline demographics were similar between treatment arms, although significantly more patients in the PF-3512676 arm had stage IV disease (85% compared with 62% in the chemotherapy-alone arm). The modified intent-to-treat analysis (n = 111) demonstrated a 38% ORR (confirmed and unconfirmed) in the PF-3512676 arm (n = 74) and 19% in the chemotherapy-alone arm (n = 37) by investigator evaluation. Blinded, independent radiologic review for 90 patients showed a similar trend in confirmed response rate (19% and 11%, respectively). Median survival was 12.3 months in the PF-3512676 arm and 6.8 months in the chemotherapy-alone arm, and 1-year survival was 50% and 33%, respectively. Mild to moderate local injection site reactions and flu-like symptoms were the most common PF-3512676-related adverse events, but grade 3/4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia were all reported more commonly for patients in the PF-3512676 arm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of PF-3512676 to taxane plus platinum chemotherapy for first-line treatment of NSCLC improves objective response and may improve survival. Confirmatory phase III trials are ongoing.
authors: University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany. Prof.Manegold@t-online.de
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Manegold
authors: Donald
authors: D
authors: Gravenor
authors: Donald
authors: D
authors: Woytowitz
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Mezger
authors: Vera
authors: V
authors: Hirsh
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Albert
authors: Mohammed
authors: M
authors: Al-Adhami
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Readett
authors: Arthur M
authors: AM
authors: Krieg
authors: Cynthia Gail
authors: CG
authors: Leichman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000077143:Docetaxel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000819:agonists*
chemical_list: D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; C483020:ProMune; C495371:TLR9 protein, human; D043823:Taxoids; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D000077143:Docetaxel; D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin