The effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 on the aging cardiovascular system and its progenitor cells.
Aging is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Aging is also associated with a decline in the growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis. This axis impacts endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell biology, as well as cardiac function. The number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) also decreases with age and is emerging as a surrogate measurement of vascular senescence. Studies suggest that EPCs impact vascular health by modulating vascular repair and function. Current evidence demonstrates that EPC number and function is restored with a GH-mediated increase in serum IGF-1. Modulation of the GH and IGF-1 system may therefore provide a useful therapy in the prevention of age-associated changes in the cardiovascular system and in future regenerative cell-based therapies.
Devin
Jessica K
JK
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Young
Pampee P
PP
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000502:physiology*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012306:Risk; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*
D007211:Indoles; D013141:Spiro Compounds; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone; C094817:ibutamoren mesylate