title: Blood flow and glucose metabolism in stage IV breast cancer: heterogeneity of response during chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to compare early changes in blood flow (BF) and glucose metabolism (MRglu) in metastatic breast cancer lesions of patients treated with chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven women with stage IV cancer and lesions in breast, lymph nodes, liver, and bone were scanned before treatment and after the first course of chemotherapy. BF, distribution volume of water (Vd), MRglu/BF ratio, MRglu and its corresponding rate constants K1 and k3 were compared per tumor lesion before and during therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, mean BF and MRglu varied among different tumor lesions, but mean Vd was comparable in all lesions. After one course of chemotherapy, mean MRglu decreased in all lesions. Mean BF decreased in breast and node lesions and increased in bone lesions. Vd decreased in breast and nodes, but did not change in bone lesions. The MRglu/BF ratio decreased in breast and bone lesions and increased in node lesions. In patients with multiple tumor lesions BF and MRglu response could be very heterogeneous, even within similar types of metastases. BF and MRglu increased in lesions of patients who experienced early disease progression or showed no response during clinical follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BF and MRglu changes separately give unique information on different aspects of tumor response to chemotherapy. Changes in BF and MRglu parameters can be remarkably heterogeneous in patients with multiple lesions.
authors: Radiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. n.krak@erasmusmc.nl
authors: Nanda
authors: N
authors: Krak
authors: Jacobus
authors: J
authors: van der Hoeven
authors: Otto
authors: O
authors: Hoekstra
authors: Jos
authors: J
authors: Twisk
authors: Elsken
authors: E
authors: van der Wall
authors: Adriaan
authors: A
authors: Lammertsma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose