title: High frequency of BF mosaic genomes among HIV-1-infected children from Sao Paulo, Brazil.
abstract: HIV-1 genetic diversity information from a pediatric population is scarce. This study enrolled 128 children living with HIV/AIDS, 103 antiretroviral-treated and 25 naive, from the Sao Paulo metropolitan area. Gag, pol and env regions were amplified, and drug resistance mutations, V3 loop, tropism and viral clades were evaluated. Drug resistance mutations among naïve children infected by vertical transmission were uncommon (4.2%), whereas most ARV-experienced children showed extensive mutation patterns. Clade B predominated at the pol region, but the analysis of the three regions concatenated showed 28% with BF mosaic structures. The most common V3 motif was GPGR, followed by GWGR in clade B samples and GPGQ in clade F samples. A predicted X4 phenotype was observed in 27%, without correlation to HIV clade. These findings expand the limited information on molecular characteristics of HIV-1 among children living with HIV/AIDS in the area and may provide information useful for monitoring the epidemic.
authors: Laboratório de Retrovírus, Serviço de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Cristina Mendes
authors: CM
authors: de Oliveira
authors: Flávia Jacqueline
authors: FJ
authors: Almeida
authors: Rosangela
authors: R
authors: Rodrigues
authors: Marcia
authors: M
authors: Crozatti
authors: Carla Maria Pasquareli
authors: CM
authors: Vazquez
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: do Socorro Carneiro Ferrão
authors: Alexandre Ely
authors: AE
authors: Campeas
authors: Silvia Regina
authors: SR
authors: Marques
authors: Eitan Naaman
authors: EN
authors: Berezin
authors: Luis Fernando
authors: LF
authors: de Macedo Brígido
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D054299:env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus