T regulatory cells in autoimmune diabetes: past challenges, future prospects.
BACKGROUND
Accumulating evidence suggests that defective regulation is an essential underlying cause of autoimmunity. The development of type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse strain it is a complex process that depends on a fine balance between pathogenic and regulatory pathways.


CONCLUSIONS
We have utilized a series of transgenic and knockout mice to determine the relative importance of regulatory T cells and negative regulatory receptors on the development and progression of type 1 diabetes.


CONCLUSIONS
This review will focus on the origins and function of Treg in peripheral self-tolerance. We will summarize the role of Treg in preventing autoimmune diseases, with a particular focus on Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), and discuss the prospects for Treg-based therapies for autoimmune diseases.
Bluestone
Jeffrey A
JA
UCSF Diabetes Center, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. jbluest@diabetes.ucsf.edu
Tang
Qizhi
Q
Sedwick
Caitlin E
CE
D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D017634:Self Tolerance; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*
D018106:CD28 Antigens