title: Effect of a calcium hydroxide-based paste associated to chlorhexidine on RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line culture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)(2)-based paste (Calen) associated or not to 0.4% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) on RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cell viability (MTT assay), immunostimulating properties (NO dosage), and anti-inflammatory properties (NO, TNF-alpha, and IL-1alpha dosage) were evaluated after cell exposure to the materials. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis test at 5% significance level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was low immunostimulating activity of the Calen paste associated or not to 0.4% CHX in the different materials' concentrations evaluated (P > .05). Anti-inflammatory activity with inhibition of NO and cytokine (TNF-alpha and IL1-alpha) release was observed only with Ca(OH)(2) + CHX at the highest concentration (25 microg/mL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As the Calen paste associated to 0.4% CHX did not alter cell viability or the immunostimulating and anti-inflammatory properties, the addition of CHX brought no benefits to the Ca(OH)(2)-based paste with regard to the tested parameters.
authors: Department of Pediatric Clinics, Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors: Raquel Assed Bezerra
authors: RA
authors: da Silva
authors: Mário Roberto
authors: MR
authors: Leonardo
authors: Léa Assed Bezerra
authors: LA
authors: da Silva
authors: Lúcia Helena
authors: LH
authors: Faccioli
authors: Alexandra Ivo
authors: AI
authors: de Medeiros
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C420643:calen; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002710:Chlorhexidine