title: Respiratory depression after neuraxial opioids in the obstetric setting.
abstract: Neuraxial opioids have contributed significantly to improved labor and postcesarean delivery analgesia. In the obstetric population, epidural and intrathecal opioids are associated with a very low risk of clinically significant respiratory depression. Although rare, respiratory depression is a serious risk; patients may die or suffer permanent brain damage as a consequence. This review discusses the mechanism and incidence, as well as the prevention, detection, and management of respiratory depression with morphine, extended-release epidural morphine, and lipophilic opioids in the labor and cesarean delivery setting.
authors: Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. bcarvalho@stanford.edu
authors: Brendan
authors: B
authors: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000379:methods*; D010146:Pain; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D011247:Pregnancy; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology*; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine