Bicarbonate buffered ultrafiltration leads to a physiologic priming solution in pediatric cardiac surgery.
Pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) involves a high ratio of priming blood volume to patient blood volume. The composition of packed red blood cells (RBCs) is very unphysiological in terms of acid-base, electrolyte and metabolite values. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis whether ultrafiltration of the prime and replacement with bicarbonate buffered hemofiltration solution (BB-HS) is sufficient for reducing the metabolic load and reaching a physiologic state. For planned surgery of congenital heart defects with cardiopulmonary bypass, 20 CPB circuits were primed with BB-HS, gelatin and 1 unit of RBCs. The fluid was hemofiltrated using an ultrahemofilter at 300 ml/min until approximately 1000 ml of ultrafiltrate was restored with BB-HS. Blood gas analyses were obtained from the priming blood, once before and once after bicarbonate buffered ultrafiltration (BBUF). The measured substrates decreased significantly (P<0.001) after BBUF (glucose from 13.0+/-2.6 to 6.3+/-1.0 and lactate from 3.8+/-1.5 to 2.3+/-1.0 mmol/l). Acid-base parameters increased (P<0.001) to normal or high normal values (pH from 7.01+/-0.09 to 7.68+/-0.12; HCO(3) from 12.1+/-2.4 to 25.4+/-3.6 mmol/l and BE from -15.4+/-3.6 to -0.8+/-3.7 mmol/l). Even the electrolytes sodium, potassium and calcium changed significantly (P<0.001) toward the physiologic range. BBUF is an efficient method of reducing the metabolic load of priming. After BBUF, even the electrolyte and acid-base balance reached a physiologic state, which is important for minimizing electrolyte and acid-base disturbances after initiation of CPB.
Osthaus
Wilhelm Alexander
WA
Klinik fuer Anaesthesiologie und Intensivmedizin, OE 8050, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany. Osthaus.Alexander@MH-Hannover.de
Sievers
Jan
J
Breymann
Thomas
T
Suempelmann
Robert
R
D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000187:drug effects; D000137:Acid-Base Imbalance / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002021:Buffers; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D006440:Hemofiltration; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D001639:Bicarbonates; D002021:Buffers; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D004573:Electrolytes