title: The inhibitory effect of quercitrin gallate on iNOS expression induced by lipopolysaccharide in Balb/c mice.
abstract: Quercetin 3-O-beta-(2(")-galloyl)-rhamnopyranoside (QGR) is a naturally occurring quercitrin gallate, which is a polyphenolic compound that was originally isolated from Persicaria lapathifolia (Polygonaceae). QGR has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of QGR on nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) expression in LPS-stimulated Balb/c mice. To accomplish this, 10 mg/kg of QGR was administered via gavage once a day for 3 days. iNOS was then induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS. Six hours after the LPS treatment the animals were sacrificed under ether anethesia. The serum levels of NO were then measured to determine if QGR exerted an inhibitory effect on NO production in vivo. LPS induced an approximately 6 fold increase in the expression of NO. However, oral administration of QGR reduced the LPS induced increase in NO by half. Furthermore, RT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed that the increased levels of iNOS expression that occurred in response to treatment with LPS were significantly attenuated in response to QGR pretreatment. Histologically, LPS induced the infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils in portal veins and sinusoids and caused the formation of a large number of necrotic cells; however, pretreatment with QGR attenuated these LPS induced effects. Taken together, these results indicate that QGR inhibits iNOS expression in vivo as well as in vitro and has antiinflammatory potentials.
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea.
authors: Hyun Ye
authors: HY
authors: Jo
authors: Youngsoo
authors: Y
authors: Kim
authors: Sang Yoon
authors: SY
authors: Nam
authors: Beom Jun
authors: BJ
authors: Lee
authors: Yun Bae
authors: YB
authors: Kim
authors: Young Won
authors: YW
authors: Yun
authors: Byeongwoo
authors: B
authors: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017931:DNA Primers; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C012526:quercitrin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011794:Quercetin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II