title: Mitochondria targeting delivery of nucleic acids.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mitochondria are intracellular organelles involved in energy production, which play important roles in metabolism. Consequently, mutation in mitochondrial DNA may have adverse effects on the host organism. This hypothesis is supported by increasing number of reports that associate various diseases with the mutation of the mitochondrial genome. Therefore, new therapy methods for targeting mitochondria genome should be developed for the treatment of these diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current progress in mitochondrial targeting gene delivery is discussed and future direction is suggested.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recent research progress in this field is briefly introduced, and successes and obstacles in research are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Delivery of antisense DNA using lipophilic cation showed possible therapeutic effect in vitro. Delivery of tRNA is also another possible approach to correct tRNA mutations. However, research into the delivery of protein expression system using liposome and polymer has been very limited. The results suggest that more research is required to address the problems in mitochondrial targeting gene delivery. Here, we suggest 'multifunctional multilamella vesicular or multifunctional multi-vesicular (MMV)' for efficient mitochondrial targeting DNA delivery.
authors: Hanyang University, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
authors: Minhyung
authors: M
authors: Lee
authors: Joon Sig
authors: JS
authors: Choi
authors: Kyung Soo
authors: KS
authors: Ko
mesh_terms: D016373:DNA, Antisense / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011108:Polymers; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D016373:DNA, Antisense; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D008081:Liposomes; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D011108:Polymers; D012343:RNA, Transfer