title: Simultaneous determination of hydrolysis and mutarotation rates during the enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose.
abstract: An experiment is described in which a custom-made glucose electrode is used to directly monitor the enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose to glucose. The transient profile of beta- d-glucose can be used to simultaneously determine the rate constants for mutarotation and for enzymatic hydrolysis by applying a dynamic nonlinear regression routine. Due to differences in the mutarotation rate constants between lactose and glucose, the beta- d-glucose concentration "overshoots" equilibrium under certain conditions, which can be modeled mathematically. This overshoot can be observed reliably and used to quantify the differences in mutarotational equilibria between glucose and lactose. These observations may be important for the analysis of dairy products and commercial lactase preparations and illustrate an unusual kinetic phenomenon caused by intramolecular forces. This approach may also be important for the accurate determination of a variety of oligosaccharides such as glycogen, which tend to be composed primarily of one stereoisomer.
authors: Room 218, Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, 1955 East West Rosd, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA. danielje@hawaii.edu
authors: Daniel M
authors: DM
authors: Jenkins
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: Teruel
authors: José I
authors: JI
authors: Reyes-de-Corcuera
authors: Owen
authors: O
authors: Young
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004566:Electrodes; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D043322:Lactase / Q000378:metabolism; D007785:Lactose / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010984:Platinum; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D010984:Platinum; D043322:Lactase; D005947:Glucose; D007785:Lactose