title: Role of real-time three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography for guiding transcatheter patent foramen ovale closure.
abstract: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a relatively common congenital condition which has been implicated in cryptogenic stroke as a result of paradoxical thromboembolism by right-to-left shunting. Many studies have demonstrated that transcatheter PFO closure significantly reduced the incidence of recurrent strokes in a small group of high-risk patients with PFO and atrial septal aneurysm compared with antithrombotic drugs. Two-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography (2D TEE) has become the election technique for guiding patent foramen ovale closure. Real-time Three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) may be potentially superior to 2D TEE in the accurate assessment of the morphology and efficacy of transcatheter closure devices because of a better spacial orientation.
authors: Laboratory of Echocardiography, Department of Cardiology, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, CP 28046, Madrid, Spain. rmartinreyes@yahoo.es
authors: Roberto
authors: R
authors: Martin-Reyes
authors: Teresa
authors: T
authors: López-Fernández
authors: Mar
authors: M
authors: Moreno-Yangüela
authors: Raul
authors: R
authors: Moreno
authors: Miguel Angel
authors: MA
authors: Navas-Lobato
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Refoyo
authors: Gabriela
authors: G
authors: Guzmán
authors: Francisco
authors: F
authors: Domínguez-Melcón
authors: Jose Luis
authors: JL
authors: López-Sendón
mesh_terms: D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome