title: Frequency of discussing HIV prevention and care topics with patients with HIV: influence of physician gender, race/ethnicity, and practice characteristics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because people living with HIV now have greater life expectancy and reduced morbidity, there is a greater need for physicians to discuss HIV transmission risk reduction with these patients. Very limited data are available examining how frequently this discussion is held.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the frequency of discussing HIV prevention and HIV care topics, as well as the associations of gender, race/ethnicity, and practice characteristics of physicians caring for persons with HIV.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 4-city (Miami, Atlanta, Baltimore, Los Angeles) survey, 417 licensed physicians who primarily cared for patients with HIV were mailed a 58-item questionnaire about how frequently they discussed HIV transmission risk reduction, adherence to HIV antiretroviral treatment (ART), adherence to opportunistic infection (OI) prophylaxis, and how to take medicines. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between physician gender, race/ethnicity, and practice characteristics, and the frequency of discussing these topics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 317 physicians responded to the mailed questionnaire. Less than 40% of the physicians reported always discussing HIV transmission risk reduction with patients. In contrast, 83.9% and 65.0% reported always discussing adherence to ART and to OI prophylaxis, respectively. Of these physicians, 65.1% strongly agreed or somewhat agreed that they had sufficient time to provide the care and information needed to their patients. In multivariate analysis, the frequency of discussing HIV transmission risk reduction was higher for physicians who were Hispanic (P = 0.03) or Asian/Pacific Islander (P = 0.001), for physicians who reported they had enough time to provide care and information to patients (P = 0.003), and for physicians who cared for fewer patients (P = 0.05). The frequency of discussing HIV transmission risk reduction was suggestive of a higher rate for female physicians, but did not quite reach statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observed a lower frequency of discussing the topic of HIV prevention compared with that of HIV care among the physicians surveyed. This infrequent discussion with patients with HIV represents a missed opportunity, and physicians should be encouraged to include discussion of prevention as a standard of care.
authors: Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. lig0@cdc.gov
authors: Lytt I
authors: LI
authors: Gardner
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Metsch
authors: Steffanie A
authors: SA
authors: Strathdee
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: del Rio
authors: Pamela
authors: P
authors: Mahoney
authors: Scott D
authors: SD
authors: Holmberg
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D000328:Adult; D015142:Baltimore; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida; D005845:Georgia; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires