title: Topical antioxidant application enhances the effects of facial microdermabrasion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microdermabrasion has been accepted as a reliable, non-invasive method for facial rejuvenation. Recently, there has been interest in combining this technique with other modalities to increase its efficacy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the addition of an antioxidant-based serum enhanced the dermatologic changes seen following microdermabrasion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten female volunteers, aged 38-52 years, underwent a series of six diamond tip crystal-free microdermabrasion facial treatments spaced 7-10 days apart. An antioxidant serum rich in polyphenols was pneumatically applied to half the face immediately after each microdermabrasion treatment. Skin biopsies and skin polyphenolic antioxidant levels, determined by Raman spectroscopy, were obtained prior to and after the study period. Investigator ratings for efficacy were analyzed after the study period and compared to baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the skin treated with microdermabrasion only, the skin treated with microdermabrasion plus antioxidant demonstrated significantly increased epidermal and papillary dermal thickness, and increased fibroblast density (p < 0.01). There was increased hyalinization of the papillary dermis with newly deposited collagen fibers. Skin polyphenolic antioxidant levels increased 32% in the skin treated with the polyphenolic antioxidant serum after microdermabrasion (p < 0.01). Clinical efficacy variables were significantly more improved in the antioxidant group when compared to baseline (p < 0.01). These changes were supported clinically via digital photography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of a polyphenolic antioxidant serum to a facial microdermabrasion regimen enhanced the clinical and histological changes seen following microdermabrasion alone. This combination should strengthen the use of microdermabrasion as a non-invasive facial rejuvenation tool and support the role of topical antioxidants as anti-aging factors.
authors: Plastic Surgery Associates of Northern Virginia, McLean, Virginia, USA. BFreedman58@aol.com
authors: Bruce M
authors: BM
authors: Freedman
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003869:Dermabrasion / Q000379:methods*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010781:Photography; D059808:Polyphenols; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012060:Rejuvenation / Q000502:physiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols