title: Nutritional intervention in patients with periodontal disease: clinical, immunological and microbiological variables during 12 months.
abstract: The role of nutrition in onset, progression and treatment of periodontitis has not been thoroughly evaluated. In the present prospective clinical study, we investigated the influence of a nutritional intervention on changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological periodontal variables during a period of 12 months in patients with the metabolic syndrome and chronic periodontitis. Twenty female subjects with the metabolic syndrome and mild to moderate chronic periodontitis participated in a guided nutritional intervention programme. Examinations were assessed before, and at 2 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months after intervention. Clinical measurements included probing depth, Löe and Silness gingival index and Quigley-Hein plaque index. In gingival crevicular fluid, periodontopathogens, levels of IL-1beta and IL-6 as well as the activity of granulocyte elastase were determined. In stimulated saliva, antioxidative and oxidative variables were measured. After 12 months the following significant changes could be observed: reduction of clinical probing depth (2.40 v. 2.20 mm; P < 0.001), reduction of gingival inflammation (gingival index 1.13 v. 0.9; P < 0.001), reduced concentrations of IL-1beta (4.63 v. 1.10 pg/ml per site; P < 0.001) as well as IL-6 (1.85 v. 0.34 pg/ml per site; P = 0.022) in gingival crevicular fluid. Bacterial counts in gingival crevicular fluid as well as oxidative and antioxidative variables in saliva showed no significant changes. Only salivary catalase showed a tendency to lower values. These findings indicate that in patients with the metabolic syndrome wholesome nutrition might reduce inflammatory variables of periodontal disease and promote periodontal health.
authors: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 57, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. axel.jenzsch@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
authors: Axel
authors: A
authors: Jenzsch
authors: Sigrun
authors: S
authors: Eick
authors: Fausi
authors: F
authors: Rassoul
authors: Regina
authors: R
authors: Purschwitz
authors: Holger
authors: H
authors: Jentsch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016866:Bacteroidaceae Infections / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D044623:Nutrition Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase