In vivo and in vitro glucocorticoid sensitivity in obese people with cushingoid appearance.
Clinical similarities between Cushing's syndrome and obesity/metabolic syndrome have led to speculation of a role for glucocorticoids (GCs) in the etiopathogenesis of obesity. People with idiopathic obesity have normal circulating cortisol concentrations. However, there may be considerable interindividual variation in GC sensitivity. The objective of this study was to determine whether enhanced GC sensitivity in the absence of GC excess was a characteristic of obese people with cushingoid features. We studied 12 obese subjects with cushingoid features in the absence of Cushing's syndrome and six slim control participants. Data recorded included BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, glucose and insulin response to 75 g oral glucose challenge, and low-dose (0.25 mg) overnight dexamethasone (DEX) suppression test (ODST-0.25 mg). To study GC-sensitivity in vitro, we performed dose-response studies of DEX-induced suppression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion in skin fibroblast cultures. Seven obese subjects were normosensitive and five subjects hypersensitive to GCs in vitro. ODST-0.25 mg resulted in a median suppression of cortisol from baseline of 32% in normosensitive and 60% in hypersensitive obese subjects (P < 0.004). No other clinical or biochemical measures were discriminatory between these two groups. These data from two independent measures of GC sensitivity suggest that enhanced GC sensitivity may characterize a substantial proportion of obese people with cushingoid appearance.
Syed
Akheel A
AA
Department of Endocrinology, Newcastle University Teaching Hospitals, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Redfern
Christopher P F
CP
Weaver
Jolanta U
JU
D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood; D050154:Adiposity; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003907:Dexamethasone; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D042341:Gonadal Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
D054392:Adipokines; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D042341:Gonadal Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D003907:Dexamethasone; D011388:Prolactin; D006854:Hydrocortisone