title: BT-11 improves stress-induced memory impairments through increment of glucose utilization and total neural cell adhesion molecule levels in rat brains.
abstract: In Oriental medicine, roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willdenow have been known to be an important herb that exhibits sedative effects in insomnia, palpitation with anxiety, restlessness, and disorientation in humans. We previously reported that BT-11, extracted from those roots, improved scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats and inhibited acetylcholinesterase activities in vitro. Therefore, we proposed that BT-11 could remedy stress-induced memory deficits in rats. In this study, the stress-induced memory impairments in rats were significantly reversed almost to the control level by BT-11 treatment. To seek an active component of BT-11 that plays an important role in antipsychotic effects, we compared BT-11 with 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA), which is a constituent of those root extracts. However, the effects of TMCA were less or were not consistent with those of BT-11 in some of tests. In particular, BT-11 reversed the stress-induced reduction of glucose utilization by [(18)fluorodeoxyglucose]FDG-PET and the levels of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) in rat brains to the control levels, whereas TMCA did not. Therefore, BT-11 improved stress-induced memory impairments through increment of glucose utilization and total NCAM levels in rat brains. In conclusion, BT-11 may be strongly effective against stress-induced amnesia in rats, through the combined effects of TMCA and other active components of BT-11.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Creative Research Initiative Center for Alzheimer's Dementia and Neuroscience Research Institute, MRC, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ki Young
authors: KY
authors: Shin
authors: Beom Young
authors: BY
authors: Won
authors: Chaejeong
authors: C
authors: Heo
authors: Hee Jin
authors: HJ
authors: Kim
authors: Dong-Pyo
authors: DP
authors: Jang
authors: Cheol Hyoung
authors: CH
authors: Park
authors: Seonghan
authors: S
authors: Kim
authors: Hye-Sun
authors: HS
authors: Kim
authors: Young-Bo
authors: YB
authors: Kim
authors: Hyung Gun
authors: HG
authors: Lee
authors: Sang Hyung
authors: SH
authors: Lee
authors: Zang-Hee
authors: ZH
authors: Cho
authors: Yoo-Hun
authors: YH
authors: Suh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003514:Cyclohexylamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D031801:Polygala / Q000737:chemistry*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: C421445:1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trimethoxycyclohexane; D003514:Cyclohexylamines; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose