title: Removal of immune-stimulatory components from surfaces by plasma discharges.
abstract: Immune-stimulating microbiological components like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and zymosan bound onto surfaces lead to severe problems when brought in contact with the organism via surgical instruments or implants. We have shown, in recent studies, that it is possible to detect different immune-stimulating components directly on the surface, via an indirect detection method, using human whole-blood and the monocyte reaction to measure the inflammatory mediator release (IL-1beta) by ELISA. With regard to the inactivation of pyrogenic substances, we present a method based on the application of a low-pressure microwave plasma discharge working at low temperatures. We found a fast (10 s to a few minutes) removal rate of the immune-stimulating competence for LPS, LTA and zymosan. To mimic the bacterial cell-wall, LPS in combination with muramyl dipeptide was employed and the decreasing rate of the inflammatory signal did not differ from pure LPS.
authors: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, Ispra, Italy.
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Hasiwa
authors: Ondrej
authors: O
authors: Kylián
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Hartung
authors: Francois
authors: F
authors: Rossi
mesh_terms: D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011749:Pyrogens / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015054:Zymosan / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011749:Pyrogens; D013682:Teichoic Acids; C009900:lipoteichoic acid; D015054:Zymosan