title: Effectiveness of clinical ultrasound parameters on changing intramuscular temperature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Researchers have recommended certain ultrasound treatment parameters for deep heating; however, we observed different parameters in the clinical setting.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the treatment effect of using observed clinical parameters (OCP) from 8 clinicians to the treatment effect of using the recommended parameters (RP) sited in research.
  
  
  METHODS
  2 x 2 repeated measures design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sports injury research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two 1 MHz treatment, 1 RP treatment (1.5 W/cm2, 10-min, area-2 to 3 x ERA), and 1 OCP treatment (1.3 W/cm2, 8-min, area 3.9 X ERA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Tricep surae temperature 3 cm below superficial tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RP treatment increase temperature from 36.4 +/- 1.0 to 40.3+/- 2.0 degrees C, which was a greater change than the OCP (36.5 +/- 1.2 to 38.2 +/- 1.6 degrees C).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The OCP treatment resulted in a lower heating affect than the RP. Small change in treatment area, intensity, and duration can have a large effect on temperature change.
authors: Athletic Training Department, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, IN, USA. tdemchak@indstate.edu
authors: Timothy J
authors: TJ
authors: Demchak
authors: Marcus B
authors: MB
authors: Stone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult