Neurocardiogenic syncope complicating pediatric transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Pediatric applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation are rapidly expanding, but lack the safety data established for adults. Transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced neurocardiogenic syncope may represent an age-dependent adverse event that is essentially undescribed in the transcranial magnetic stimulation literature. We report on 2 adolescents (of 10 children studied) with transcranial magnetic stimulation-related neurocardiogenic syncope, identify modifiable risk factors, and suggest measures to improve the safety of future pediatric transcranial magnetic stimulation studies.
Kirton
Adam
A
Division of Neurology, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. adam.kirton@calgaryhealthregion.ca
Deveber
Gabrielle
G
Gunraj
Carolyn
C
Chen
Robert
R
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D012307:Risk Factors; D019462:Syncope, Vasovagal / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects*