title: Quantitative analysis of the color change after iodine staining for diagnosing esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite its high sensitivity for detecting esophageal cancer, chromoendoscopy with iodine staining has low specificity and requires many biopsy specimens, which is undesirable. Dramatic color change after iodine staining (initially whitish yellow and then pink 2 to 3 minutes later) has come to be recognized as the pink-color sign in cancerous lesions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to verify the accuracy of the pink-color sign for diagnosing esophageal squamous neoplasms by a quantitative analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A quantitative analysis of endoscopic images was performed by using prospectively pooled data.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cancer referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  From December 2003 to September 2005, consecutive patients who underwent a procedure by an experienced endoscopist and had iodine-unstained lesions measuring 5 to 20 mm in diameter without obvious protrusions or ulcers were prospectively enrolled.
  
  
  METHODS
  The diagnostic ability of the quantitative assessment of the color change at 2 minutes after iodine staining (late phase) was investigated by using a receiver operating characteristic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 45 iodine-unstained lesions in 32 patients were included in the study. Among these, 22 of 23 pink-color-positive lesions were diagnosed as high-grade intraepithelial neoplasias or invasive cancers, whereas 19 of 22 pink-color-negative lesions were diagnosed as nonneoplastic lesions or low-grade intraepithelial neoplasias. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.94, indicating excellent validity of the test. A sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 95% were obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single-center retrospective analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We verified the accuracy of the pink-color sign for diagnosing esophageal squamous neoplasms by a quantitative analysis.
authors: Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, Japan. isihara-ry@mc.pref.osaka.jp
authors: Ryu
authors: R
authors: Ishihara
authors: Takuya
authors: T
authors: Yamada
authors: Hiroyasu
authors: H
authors: Iishi
authors: Motohiko
authors: M
authors: Kato
authors: Shunsuke
authors: S
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Sachiko
authors: S
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Eriko
authors: E
authors: Masuda
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Tatsumi
authors: Yoji
authors: Y
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Higashino
authors: Noriya
authors: N
authors: Uedo
authors: Masaharu
authors: M
authors: Tatsuta
authors: Shingo
authors: S
authors: Ishiguro
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D003116:Color; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007455:Iodine