title: Interleukin-2 inhalation therapy in renal cell cancer: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy of the kidney. One third of RCC presents metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis, usually leading to a fatal outcome. Small response rates were seen with most cytotoxic agents including gemcitabine and vinorelbine, whereas systemic therapy with high doses of interleukin 2 (IL-2) has been shown to provide durable complete remissions. However, in consideration of its severe toxicity, IL-2 immunotherapy is restricted to selected patients. Aerosol IL-2 has been introduced as an alternative therapy in cancer patients. However, only very few data are available on its use in patients with pulmonary metastatic RCC. This paper briefly summarizes current clinical experience with the use of inhaled IL-2 therapy, either as a single therapy or in combination with other treatments. In addition, we report on a male patient with pulmonary metastasized RCC who achieved a durable complete response to combined gemcitabine/vinorelbine and interleukin-2 inhalation therapy.
authors: Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Tor Vergata Clinical Center, Rome, Italy.
authors: Girolamo
authors: G
authors: Del Monte
authors: Patrizia
authors: P
authors: Ferroni
authors: Sabrina
authors: S
authors: Mariotti
authors: Emanuela
authors: E
authors: Fossile
authors: Fiorella
authors: F
authors: Guadagni
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Roselli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000077235:Vinorelbine; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D014747:Vinblastine; D000077235:Vinorelbine; D000093542:Gemcitabine