title: [Pseudoinfectious endocarditis].
abstract: Nonbacterial thrombotic (noninfectious, pseudoinfectious--PIE) endocarditis is characterized by precipitation of thrombus, not containing bacteria, on the valve cusps. Mitral and aortal valves are affected most frequently. Vegetations, as a rule, do not exceed 6-7 mm and have a high inclination to embolism. Hypercoagulation plays a leading role in PIE pathogenesis. The most frequent acquired causes of sterile vegetation forming are malignant tumors and rheumatic diseases (especially systemic lupus erythematosus--SLE and antiphospholipid syndrome--APS). Valve pathology is most frequent lesion of heart in APS patients. It is supposed, that antibodies to phospholipids (aPL) have a special importance in valve lesion pathogenesis at APS, besides, changes in valve apparatus at SLE are associated exactly with aPL. Main problems of PIE patients are recurrent thromboembolism, development of valve dysfunction with clinical signs of heart failure (4-6% cases), difficulties in differential diagnostics: PIE is hard to diagnose if basic disease is accompanied by fever (diffuse diseases of connective tissue etc.). Transesophageal echocardiography is a leading method in PIE diagnostics. The main therapeutic option in PIE treatment is anticoagulant therapy: nonfractional or subcutaneous heparin in presence of systemic or pulmonary embolism, in patients with disseminated malignant tumors--complete doses of nonfractional heparin.
authors: A A
authors: AA
authors: Demin
authors: N N
authors: NN
authors: Chapaeva
authors: M A
authors: MA
authors: Trifonova
mesh_terms: D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology