title: Involvement of nuclear factor-kappaB in macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene transcription up-regulation induced by interleukin- 1 beta in ectopic endometrial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the involvement of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in the interleukin (IL)-1 beta-mediated macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene activation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human reproduction research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine women with endometriotic lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometriotic lesions were obtained during laparoscopic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MIF protein secretion was analyzed by ELISA, MIF mRNA expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), NF-kappaB translocation into the nucleus by electrophoresis mobility shift assay, I kappaB phosphorylation and degradation by Western blot, and human MIF promoter activity by transient cell transfection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study showed a significant dose-dependent increase of MIF protein secretion and mRNA expression, the NF-kappaB translocation into the nucleus, I kappaB phosphorylation, I kappaB degradation, and human MIF promoter activity in endometriotic stromal cells in response to IL-1 beta. Curcumin (NF-kappaB inhibitor) significantly inhibited all these IL-1 beta-mediated effects. Analysis of the activity of deletion constructs of the human MIF promoter and a computer search localized two putative regulatory elements corresponding to NF-kappaB binding sites at positions -2538/-2528 bp and -1389/-1380 bp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests the involvement of the nuclear transcription factor NF-kappaB in MIF gene activation in ectopic endometrial cells in response to IL-1 beta and identifies a possible pathway of endometriosis-associated inflammation and ectopic cell growth.
authors: Unité d'Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Centre de Recherche, Hôpital Saint-François d'Assise, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors: Véronique
authors: V
authors: Veillat
authors: Catherine Herrmann
authors: CH
authors: Lavoie
authors: Christine N
authors: CN
authors: Metz
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Roger
authors: Yves
authors: Y
authors: Labelle
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Akoum
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger