title: [Repeated operation for removement of polyacrylamide hydrogel from breast].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the technique of repeated operation for removement of polyacrylamide hydrogel from breast.
  
  
  METHODS
  17 cases after uncomplete removement of PHG were reoperated through inferior periareolar incision. The PHG and affected denatured muscle and gland tissue were removed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative MRI or CT showed PHG distributed diffusely in muscle and gland. There was only minimal residual PHG after operation. Histological examination showed PHG distributed in the denatured and proliferative fibrous tissue, including giant cells, many neutrophilic cells infiltration, and foreign body granuloma. The symptoms, such as intramammary pump or nodule, chest and back pain, infection, were relieved after operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Blinded suction technique can not remove PHG completely and can also result in malposition of PHG and make the tissue denaturation worse. We suggest open approach to remove the PHG and denatured tissue completely through periareolar incision.
authors: Plastic Surgery Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100144, China.
authors: Da-Li
authors: DL
authors: Mu
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Luan
authors: Lan-Hua
authors: LH
authors: Mu
authors: Ling-Yu
authors: LY
authors: Wang
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Liu
authors: Ke-Ming
authors: KM
authors: Wang
authors: Zhuo-Qi
authors: ZQ
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000328:Adult; D018427:Breast Implants; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000295:instrumentation; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C016680:polyacrylamide gels