title: Feasibility of gadofosveset-enhanced steady-state magnetic resonance angiography of the peripheral vessels at 3 Tesla with Dixon fat saturation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the feasibility and image quality of gadofosveset-enhanced steady-state peripheral MR-angiography using Dixon fat saturation in comparison to spectral fat saturation.
  
  
  METHODS
  After Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval, 10 healthy volunteers underwent peripheral MR-angiography at 3.0 T during the steady state 50 minutes after gadofosveset injection. A steady-state-adapted volume interpolated breathhold examination sequence with an isotropic spatial resolution of 1 mm was acquired with 2-point Dixon fat saturation (DixFS, acquisition time 52 seconds) and with conventional, spectral fat saturation (SFS, acquisition time 58 seconds). The quality of the images was rated on an ordinal 4-point scale (4, very good) by 2 radiologists in consensus. The signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of the vessels, the fat, and the muscles as well as the contrast-to-noise-ratio (CNR) between vessels, fat, and muscle were determined. Paired P tests were performed for statistical analysis with a significance level of P < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnostic image quality was achieved in all examinations. The image quality of the DixFS images was rated superior (median 4) over the SFS images (median 3; P = 0.03). The SNR of muscles and vessels was 40% higher with DixFS (P < 0.008), whereas the SNR of fat was decreased by 40.3% from 40.7 with SFS to 22.4 with DixFS (P < 0.0001). The CNR (fat/muscle) of the DixFS images of 84.1/71.7 was significantly higher than the CNR of the SFS images of 47.7/47.4 (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two-point Dixon fat suppression for MR-angiography during the steady state after the administration of gadofosveset is feasible with superior image quality and more than 50% increase in CNR (fat/muscle) compared with spectral fat saturation without an additional time penalty.
authors: Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. henrik.michaely@rad.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors: Henrik J
authors: HJ
authors: Michaely
authors: Ulrike I
authors: UI
authors: Attenberger
authors: Olaf
authors: O
authors: Dietrich
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Schmitt
authors: Kambiz
authors: K
authors: Nael
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Kramer
authors: Maximilian F
authors: MF
authors: Reiser
authors: Stefan O
authors: SO
authors: Schoenberg
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Walz
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000328:Adult; D001158:Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D005682:Gadolinium; C109932:gadofosveset trisodium