title: Homologous recombination evidence in human and swine influenza A viruses.
abstract: Dynamic gene mutation and the reassortment of genes have been considered as the key factors responsible for influenza A virus virulence and host tropism change. This study reports several significant evidence demonstrating that homologous recombination also takes place between influenza A viruses in human and swine lineages. Moreover, in a mosaic descended from swine H1N1 subtype and human H2N2, we found that its minor putative parent might be a derivative from the human cold-adapted vaccine lineage, which suggests that live vaccine is capable of playing a role in genetic change of influenza A virus via recombination with circulating viruses. These results would be important for knowing the molecular mechanism of mammal influenza A virus heredity and evolution.
authors: College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China. hchqiang@yahoo.com.cn
authors: Cheng-Qiang
authors: CQ
authors: He
authors: Guan-Zhu
authors: GZ
authors: Han
authors: Dong
authors: D
authors: Wang
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Liu
authors: Guo-Rong
authors: GR
authors: Li
authors: Xi-Ping
authors: XP
authors: Liu
authors: Nai-Zheng
authors: NZ
authors: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D053121:Influenza A Virus, H2N2 Subtype / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000821:virology