title: 13-year experience of carpal tunnel release using the Indiana Tome technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the reliability and morbidity rate of carpal tunnel release with the Indiana Tome technique via a small palmar incision when used by experienced hand surgeons.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed of 1332 carpal tunnel releases using the Indiana Tome performed by 2 fellowship-trained hand surgeons at university hospitals from July 1993 to August 2006. Chart review focused on complications with this technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients returned to preoperative activities, in employment or otherwise. Nonmanual laborers resumed regular job tasks between 2 days and 3 weeks. The 2 surgeons experienced 11 complications in 1332 cases, for an overall complication rate of 0.83%. The most common complication, in 8 cases, was numbness and hypersensitivity in the third common digital nerve distribution; 2 of these 8 patients had normal 2-point discrimination and the other 6 had persistently 2-point discrimination greater than 10 mm despite resolution of preoperative paresthesia symptoms. In the latter group, 3 patients had repeat exploration, with findings of fascicular injury and scarring in 2 patients and normal nerve in the third (who ultimately had normalized 2-point discrimination by 6 weeks after surgery). The 3 patients without re-exploration had their 2-point discrimination returned to normal by 11 months after surgery. Ultimately, only 2 patients (0.15%) had persistently increased 2-point discrimination. The remaining complications (3 cases) were transient neuropraxia of the entire median nerve (1 patient), an incomplete release (1 patient) requiring repeat surgery, and a recurrence of carpal tunnel syndrome (1 patient) with perineural scar noted at 8 months after surgery, treated successfully with a hypothenar fat pad flap.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the largest retrospective review of the Indiana Tome technique to date. This technique can be used by experienced hand surgeons and offers early resumption of preoperative activities and a low complication rate. The most common complication was neurapraxia in the third common digital nerve distribution. The overall complication rate was 0.83% (11 in 1332).
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic IV.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. Leewpa@upmc.edu
authors.forename: W P Andrew
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Bret M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Schipper
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Goitz