title: [Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and risk of hip fracture in Chilean elderly women].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoporotic hip fractures are devastating events in older women. There is a genetic modulation of bone phenotypic parameters including bone density (BMD) and bone fragility fractures. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms explain a small part of the genetic influence on BMD, whereas their effect on fractures remains uncertain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the contributions of VDR genotypes to the susceptibility to hip fracture in elderly Chilean women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 126 women (67 with fractures and 59 without) from Bio-Bio Region, Chile, aged 65 to 94 years. Genotyping for Bsm-l, Apa-1, Taq-1 and Fok-1 VDR polymorphisms was performed using polymerase chain reaction methods. All hip fractures were confirmed by X-ray.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The allele frequencies were 0.49 for B, 0.57 for A, 0.60 for T and 0.65 for F in the Bsm-l, Apa-1, Taq-1 and Fok-1 polymorphisms respectively. The prevalence of these VDR gene polymorphisms in women with fractures were 16% BB, 69% Bb, 15% bb for Bsm-l; 30% AA, 46% Aa, 14% aa for Apa-1; 17% TT, 34 Tt, 8% tt for Taq-1 and 43%FF, 41% Ff, 16% ff for Fok-1. All VDR genotype frequencies did not differ from Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Allele or genotype frequencies did not differ between women with or without fractures. These results did not change when analysis was adjusted by age weight, height or gynecologic history.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genotype frequencies of the VDR polymorphisms are in accordance with the frequencies of other Hispanic and Caucasian populations. Our results suggest that VDR polymorphisms are not associated with the risk of hip fracture in older women of this Region of Southern Chile.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Medicina Molecular, Dirección de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Santiago, Chile. equevedo@udec.cl
authors.forename: Iván
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Quevedo L
authors.forename: Milka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez B
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castillo N
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rivera F