title: [A comparison of localization by ductoscopy-guided wire and conventional methods in terminal duct excision for women with pathological nipple discharge].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare localization by ductoscopy-guided wire with localization by conventional methods in the terminal duct excision for women with pathological nipple discharge.
  
  
  METHODS
  Breast terminal duct excision were performed in 174 consecutive patients with intraductal lesions diagnosed by mammary ductoscopy. Sixty-eight of those underwent ductoscopy-guided wire localization for more accurate ductal excision. The patients received mammary ductoscopy and a hooked wire was anchored at the intraductal lesions under endoscopic surveillance just before the operation. Then a biopsy resection of wire-guided terminal duct and frozen section were done. Tbe other 106 patients received terminal duct excision under localization with conventional methods without ductoscopy either by puncturing a needle or injection of blue dye through the duct with pathological discharge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 68 patients with ductoscopy-guided duct excision, 64 had intraductal papillomas and 4 duct carcinoma in situ proved by pathology. All the lesions in these 68 patients were completely resected during biopsy without extra extended resection, and the concordance rate of the pathological result with ductoscopic diagnosis was 100.0%. None of them developed a postoperative breast distortion. In the conventional method localization group, there were 96 intraductal papilloma, 6 duct carcinoma in situ and 4 adenosis. Only 77.4% of the lesions were excised in the primary biopsy, and 22.6% needed extended resection. The concordance rate of the pathological diagnosis with ductoscopic diagnosis was 96.2%. Twenty-six patients had a deformed breast postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ductoscopy-guided wire localization is superior to the conventional localization method in the surgical terminal duct excision for women with spontaneous nipple discharge. It is not only helpful for more accurate localization and resection as well as pathologic sampling, but also is minimally invasive. Further studies are still required and this method may deserve to be popularized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, Cancer Hospital (Institute), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Zhou
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhong-Zhao
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bo-Lin
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong-Tu
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yan-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Bao-Ning
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Zhang