title: Development of tibiofemoral angle in Korean children.
abstract: This study was performed to identify the chronological changes of the knee angle or the tibiofemoral angles in normal healthy Korean children. Full-length anteroposterior view standing radiographs of 818 limbs of 452 Korean children were analyzed. The overall patterns of the chronological changes in the knee angle were similar to those described previously in western or Asian children, but the knee angle development was delayed, i.e., genu varum before 1 yr, neutral at 1.5 yr, increasing genu valgum with maximum a value of 7.8 degrees at 4 yr, followed by a gradual decrease to approximately 5-6 degrees of genu valgum of the adult level at 7 to 8 yr of age. These normative data on chronological changes of knee angles should be taken into consideration when evaluating lower limb alignment in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: In Ho
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Tae-Joon
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Chin Youb
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Won Joon
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yoo