title: Survival rates and cause of death in 174 patients with chronic pancreatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The natural history after surgery for chronic pancreatitis is rarely reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1970 and 1999, 174 patients underwent surgery for chronic pancreatitis and were followed until December 2006. They were divided in four groups: (1) resection 62; (2) drainage 82; (3) external drainage 7; (4) non-pancreas-directed surgery 23. A second procedure was required by 25 patients and a third by four: group 1 = 6 + 0, group 2 = 10 + 2, group 3 = 3 + 1, group 4 = 6 + 1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hospital mortality was four of 174 (2.3%). Fifty-seven patients are alive; 49 of 170 developed cancer, and 38 died: lung (22), oral, pharynx, larynx (eight), esophagus, kidney, pancreas, colon, liver (two each), breast, stomach, mediastinum, prostate, melanoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia, squamous cancer of the auricle (one each), liver metastasis from unknown primary (two). Fifteen patients died of liver cirrhosis, 13 of myocardial infarction/decompensation, six of vascular problems, five each of acute renal insufficiency or cerebral diseases, four each of acute pancreatitis, accidental trauma, complications of diabetes, bronchopneumonia, and 19 of other causes. The overall 5-, 10-, 15-, 20-, 25-, and 30-year survival rate was 84.7, 65.6, 51.6, 38.0, 28.1, and 23.5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incidence of pancreatic cancer was 1.2%. The high incidence of smoking cancers (18.8%) is explained by the smoking habits of almost 100% of our patients. Eliminating smoking and increasing tests on organs at risk may prolong survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Clinica Chirurgica IV, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padova, Italy. sergio.pedrazzoli@unipd.it
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pedrazzoli
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guzzinati
authors.forename: Mattia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berselli
authors.forename: Cosimo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sperti