title: Temporal trends of HLA genotype frequencies of type 1 diabetes patients in Sweden from 1986 to 2005 suggest altered risk.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes in 1-18-year-old patients with type 1 diabetes newly diagnosed in 1986-1987 (n = 430), 1996-2000 (n = 342) and in 2003-2005 (n = 171). We tested the hypothesis that the HLA DQ genotype distribution changes over time. Swedish type 1 diabetes patients and controls were typed for HLA using polymerase chain reaction amplification and allele specific probes for DQ A1* and B1* alleles. The most common type 1 diabetes HLA DQA1*-B1*genotype 0501-0201/0301-0302 was 36% (153/430) in 1986-1987 and 37% (127/342) in 1996-2000, but decreased to 19% (33/171) in 2003-2005 (P \ 0.0001). The 0501-0201/0501-0201 genotype increased from 1% in 1986-1987 to 7% in 1996-2000 (P = 0.0047) and to 5% in 2003-2005 (P > 0.05). This study in 1-18-year-old Swedish type 1 diabetes patients supports the notion that there is a temporal change in HLA risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Diabetes and Celiac Disease, University Hospital MAS, CRC/Lund University, Ent 72 Bldg 91 Floor 10, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden. sabina.lindehammer@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Resic-Lindehammer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ortqvist
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cederwall
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cilio
authors.forename: S-A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ivarsson
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Jönsson
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neiderud
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sjöblad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lernmark
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aili
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Bååth
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Edenwall
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forsander
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Granstro
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gustavsson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hanås
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hellenberg
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hellgren
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hörnell
authors.forename: Sten-A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ivarsson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jonsell
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kockum
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lindblad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindh
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludvigsson
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Myrdal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neiderud
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Segnestam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sjöblad
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Skogsberg
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Strömberg
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ståhle
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thalme
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tullus
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuvemo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wallensteen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Westphal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aman