title: Regulatory mechanisms of C4b-binding protein (C4BP)alpha and beta expression in rat hepatocytes by lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-6.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  C4b-binding protein (C4BP), a multimeric protein structurally composed of alpha chains (C4BPalpha) and a beta chain (C4BPbeta), regulates the anticoagulant activity of protein S (PS). Patients with sepsis have increased levels of plasma C4BP, which appears to be induced by interleukin (IL)-6. However, it is not fully understood how lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and IL-6 affect the plasma C4BP antigen level and C4BPalpha and C4BPbeta expression in hepatocytes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of LPS and IL-6 on plasma C4BP, PS-C4BP complex levels, PS activity, and C4BP expression by rat liver in vivo and on C4BP expression by isolated rat hepatocytes in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma C4BP antigen level transiently decreased from 2 to 12 h after LPS (2 mg kg(-1)) injection, and then it abruptly increased up to 24 h after LPS injection. Plasma C4BP antigen level increased until 8 h after IL-6 (10 microg kg(-1)) injection, and then gradually decreased up to 24 h after IL-6 injection. LPS significantly decreased the protein and mRNA expression of both C4BPalpha and C4BPbeta in rat hepatocytes, and this effect was inhibited by NFkappaB and MEK/ERK inhibitors. IL-6 mediated increase in C4BPbeta expression in rat hepatocytes, which leads to increased plasma PS-C4BP complex level and to decreased plasma PS activity, was inhibited by inhibition of STAT-3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LPS decreases both C4BPalpha and C4BPbeta expression via the NFkappaB and MEK/ERK pathways, whereas IL-6 specifically increases C4BPbeta expression via the STAT-3 pathway, causing an increase in plasma PS-C4BP complex, and thus decreasing the anticoagulant activity of PS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu-city, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kishiwada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishioka
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authors.lastname: Akita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
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authors.lastname: Ido
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Gabazza
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isaji
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki