title: Treatment mapping--a systematic methodology to assess quality, efficiency and variability in the hemodialysis delivery process.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radical thinking about the design of industrial processes has greatly improved the quality and efficiency of manufacturing and services. Applying similar methods in healthcare to deliver quality care at lower costs would be valuable.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have developed and validated a methodology--Treatment Mapping--to analyze the hemodialysis (HD) delivery as an operational process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The methodology was well applicable in the 26 Gambro Healthcare clinics studied (Europe, Taiwan, USA). Monitor process, patient process and dialysis treatment times (mean +/- SD) were 324.4 +/- 46.0, 272.2 +/- 34.5 and 221.6 +/- 28.8 min, respectively. In general, significant variability in process cycle times was found in the clinics studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HD delivery is a complex process influenced by patient characteristics, monitor/disposables design, staff skills and clinic practices and physical layout. The Treatment Mapping methodology is a useful tool to analyze the HD delivery from a process quality and process operational perspective.
authors.affiliation: Medical and Safety Office, Gambro AB, Lund, Sweden. maria.alquist@gambro.com
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alquist
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bosch