title: The Flight Anxiety Situations Questionnaire and the Flight Anxiety Modality Questionnaire: norms for people with fear of flying.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Flight Anxiety Situations Questionnaire (FAS) and the Flight Anxiety Modality Questionnaire (FAM) are widely used in clinical practice and research studies. The aim of this study was to derive norms for people suffering from fear of flying completing the FAS and FAM.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample is composed of 2072 individuals suffering from fear of flying and 1012 non-patients. Means, standard deviations and percentile ranks for raw FAS and FAM subscale scores will be presented. Normative data are provided enabling the comparison of individual scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed a conspicuous difference between the patient and non-patient samples. As a whole the patient group scored higher on the scale assessing the level of anxiety experienced in different flight or flight-related situations and on the scale measuring the symptoms of anxiety or anticipatory anxiety in flight situations than the normal controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study suggest that the FAS and FAM questionnaires can be applied in the investigation of fearful flyers and the normal population. A considerable number of flying phobics obtained scores in the clinically significant range on the subscales assessing anticipatory anxiety, in-flight anxiety, generalized flight anxiety, somatic complaints and cognitive complaints.
authors.affiliation: VALK Foundation, P.O. Box 110, 2300 AC Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Aikaterini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nousi
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van Gerwen
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spinhoven