title: "Sukeroku sign" and "dent internal-capsule sign"--identification guide for targeting the subthalamic nucleus for placement of deep brain stimulation electrodes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of signs ("Sukeroku sign" and "dent internal-capsule sign") for the recognition of subthalamic nucleus (STN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Five Parkinson's disease cases in which there was a successful placement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes at the STN were retrospectively reviewed. Five radiologists who were not engaged in localization of STNs in clinical practice were asked to locate the STNs before and after instructions on the signs. We evaluated the deviation between the reader-located points and the location of the DBS electrode for which there had been a successful installation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After instruction, there was a significant reduction in the deviation between the reader-located points and the DBS electrode. The time required for localization was also reduced after the instructions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sukeroku sign and dent internal-capsule sign are feasible indicators of STN and seem to be useful in helping to identify the STN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan. ttaoka@naramed-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taoka
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takahama
authors.forename: Nagaaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marugami
authors.forename: Katsutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akashi
authors.forename: Toshiteru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: Toshisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakaki
authors.forename: Kimihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kichikawa