title: Esophageal cancer: current and emerging therapy modalities.
abstract: During the last few years, there has been a gradual increase in treatment options for patients with esophageal malignancies. Several clinical studies have been performed, covering not only radiation and chemotherapy, but also the introduction of novel biological agents into the treatment arsenal. Patients with esophageal carcinoma are now offered second-line and sometimes even third-line treatments, and the number of research protocols is increasing. Despite the newly awakened interest in this malignancy, the overall 5-year survival rate has remained at approximately 10% since the 1980s. This review contains a compilation of available studies of esophageal malignancies and discusses current treatment options as well as newly developed therapies targeted at growth factor receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Uppsala University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. simon.ekman@onkologi.uu.se
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekman
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dreilich
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lennartsson
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wallner
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brattström
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sundbom
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bergqvist