title: Coping with urbanization: a cardiometabolic risk? The THUSA study.
abstract: An assessment of specific coping styles in rural-urban Africans is done to evaluate its contribution as cardiometabolic risk factor. In total, 608 apparently healthy Africans were included in a cross-sectional comparative study from the North-West Province in South Africa. The adapted and translated COPE Questionnaire classified participants according to their responses into active (AC) or passive (PC) copers. Fasting resting metabolic syndrome (MS) indicators using the WHO definition (glucose, high density lipoproteins, waist/hip ratio, hypertension prevalence, and triglyceride) and associated MS values, i.e. fibrinogen were obtained. The Finapres recorded resting blood pressure continuously. Co-variates for all statistical analyses included age, body mass index (BMI) and lifestyle factors (alcohol consumption, smoking habits and physical activity). The only MS values prevalent in urbanized participants were higher hypertension prevalence rates and fibrinogen (women only) compared to their rural counterparts. Adding coping styles, it was mainly the urbanized AC participants that indicated higher MS values (hypertension prevalence, glucose and fibrinogen) when compared to their rural and PC counterparts. In conclusion, urbanization is associated with enhanced blood pressure and fibrinogen (women) values only. Coping as cardiometabolic risk is accentuated in the urbanized AC group, especially the men. The urbanized AC group with their higher blood pressure values and more MS indicators appears to have behaviorally an AC style but physiologically a dissociated AC style.
authors.affiliation: School for Physiology, Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa. leone.malan@nwu.ac.za
authors.forename: Leoné
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malan
authors.forename: Nicolaas T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Malan
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Wissing
authors.forename: Yackoob K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Seedat