[100 years of studying poliomyelitis virus and nonpoliomyelitis enteroviruses].
M. P. Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitis, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow The paper deals with the history of discovery of poliomyelitis virus by K. Landsteiner and E. Popper in 1908, the identification of three immunological types of the virus in 1949, the discovery of viral multiplication in the cultures of non-nerve cells with a cytopathogenic effect by A. Anders in 1949, the development of new diagnostic techniques, the design of inactivated poliovirus vaccine by D. Salk in 1953 and its live vaccine by A. Sabin in 1957. The advantages and disadvantages of these vaccines and the prospects for further poliomyelitis control are discussed. The characteristics and role of nonpoliomyelitis enteroviruses are considered. The most important scientific discoveries made in the study of enteroviruses are noted.
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