title: Alpha-fetoprotein-producing transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a case report.
abstract: We report a 76-year-old man with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Although the serum level of AFP was 1,428 ng/ml, and he was anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) antibody-positive, liver tumors were not detected by either a computed tomography (CT) scan or a hepatic angiography. However, removal of a bladder tumor by transurethral resection and subsequent pathological examination revealed a grade III transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Furthermore, immunohistochemical detection of AFP was diffuse-positive. After the tumor partially responded to concomitant chemoradiotherapy, the serum AFP levels decreased to 966 ng/ml. However, the tumor eventually progressed with multiple lung metastases, and serum AFP levels increased to 3,906 ng/ml. In conclusion, AFP-producing TCC of urinary bladder is rare, and the nature and pathophysiology remains unclear and warrants further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Gang Gung Memorial Hospital, Jiayi, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chang-Hsien
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Wen-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Yu-Shin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Kun-Yun
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Swei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: Chuang-Chi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Liaw