Significance of cigarette smoking among youths with bipolar disorder.
Cigarette smoking among adults with bipolar disorder (BP) correlates with psychosis, substance use disorders (SUD), and suicidality. Little is known regarding smoking among youths with BP. Youths with BP (n = 441) were divided into three smoking groups: Never, Ever, and Daily. Twenty-five percent reported any smoking (11% daily, 14% ever). Ever and Daily subjects had significantly greater lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts, physical abuse, conduct disorder, and SUD compared to Never subjects. Daily heavy smokers had greater prevalence of SUD and suicide attempts, and worse depression versus daily light smokers. Smoking among youths with BP is independently associated with suicide attempts and SUD.
Goldstein
Benjamin I
BI
Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. goldsteinbi@upmc.edu
Birmaher
Boris
B
Axelson
David A
DA
Goldstein
Tina R
TR
Esposito-Smythers
Christianne
C
Strober
Michael A
MA
Hunt
Jeffrey
J
Leonard
Henrietta
H
Gill
Mary Kay
MK
Iyengar
Satish
S
Grimm
Colleen
C
Yang
Mei
M
Ryan
Neal D
ND
Keller
Martin B
MB