title: K-complex-induced seizures in autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine in detail the relations between seizures and K-complexes in autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prolonged continuous video-EEG recording and analysis of 30 seizures in an 18-year-old woman suffering from ADNFLE with a CHRNA4 gene mutation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven of 30 recorded seizures started just after a K-complex. In nine cases a sound induced a K-complex that was immediately followed by the seizure. Most seizures preceded repetitive and brief ictal restarts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three new characteristics have been observed in this ADNFLE patient: a K-complex is almost invariably present at seizure onset; sounds trigger some seizures; ictal restarts occur often.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These new observations--the presence of K-complexes at seizure onset and occurrence of sound-triggered seizures--support the view that ADNFLE seizures may be initiated by K-complexes.
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Epileptology Unit, Neurology 1 Department, La Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: El Helou
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Depienne
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fedirko
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: LeGuern
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baulac
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: An-Gourfinkel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adam