title: Coagulation values in normal ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) using selected methods and reagents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accurate determination of commonly measured coagulation values would be useful in the diagnosis and management of coagulopathies in domestic ferrets (Mustela putorius furo). We are unaware of reports of coagulation times in this species.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine reference values for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT), fibrinogen concentration, and antithrombin (AT) activity in ferrets using selected methods and reagents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples obtained from 18 clinically healthy ferrets were anticoagulated with 0.129 M sodium citrate in a ratio of 9 parts blood to 1 part anticoagulant. Plasma was collected and stored at -70 degrees C until analysis. PT and PTT were measured with a fibrometer and with an ACL 3000 automated system. PTT was measured with and without the addition of ellagic acid. Fibrinogen was assayed by a turbidimetric method. AT activity was determined using a chromogenic assay and pooled ferret plasma (100% activity). Differences in methods and reagents were evaluated using paired t tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PT was significantly longer using the fibrometer (12.3+/-0.3, 11.6-12.7 seconds) compared with the ACL (10.9+/-0.3, 10.6-11.6 seconds) (P<.01). PTT was not significantly different with the fibrometer (18.7+/-0.9, 17.5-21.1 seconds) vs the ACL (18.1+/-1.1, 16.5-20.5 seconds), but was significantly longer on both analyzers when ellagic acid was added (fibrometer 20.4+/-0.8, 18.9-22.3 seconds; ACL 20.0+/-1.0, 18.6-22.1 seconds) (P<.01). Fibrinogen concentration was 107.4+/-19.8 mg/dL (90.0-163.5 mg/dL), and AT activity was 96%+/-12.7% (69.3-115.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These coagulation results for healthy ferrets will be useful in the evaluation of ferrets with coagulopathies, provided similar reagents and methods are used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. kgbenson@sc.rr.com
authors.forename: Keith G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paul-Murphy
authors.forename: Arlene P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Nicholas S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Keuler
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Darien