title: Intranasal transmission of hepatitis C virus: virological and clinical evidence.
abstract: Intranasal transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) via contaminated drug-sniffing implements is a potential but unconfirmed source of viral infection. We demonstrate the virological plausibility of intranasal transmission by confirming that blood and HCV RNA are present in the nasal secretions and drug-sniffing implements of HCV-infected intranasal drug users recruited from a community health clinic in New York City.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Virology Division, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Institute for Health Sciences/Columbia University.
authors.forename: Sagiv
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aaron
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milano
authors.forename: Leilani
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clatts
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tortu
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mildvan
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simm