title: Nasopharyngeal turbinates in brachycephalic dogs and cats.
abstract: This retrospective study reports the presence and incidence of nasal turbinates in the nasopharynx (nasopharyngeal turbinates) in a population of brachycephalic dogs and cats exhibiting signs of upper respiratory disease. Medical records were reviewed for 53 brachycephalic dogs and 10 brachycephalic cats undergoing upper airway endoscopy. Nasopharyngeal turbinates were identified in 21% of brachycephalic animals, including 21% of dogs and 20% of cats. Pugs accounted for 32% of all dogs in the study population and 82% of dogs with nasopharyngeal turbinates. The presence of nasopharyngeal turbinates may play a role in upper airway obstruction in the brachycephalic airway syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of Wisconsin, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ginn
authors.forename: M S A
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Brendan C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: McKiernan
authors.forename: Barbara E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Powers