[Present situation of hepatitis B in Chile].
BACKGROUND
Hepatitis B virus infection generates carriers and 8% will evolve to a chronic phase.


OBJECTIVE
To perform a compilation of studies on hepatitis B in Chile and other sources of information to estimate the impact of this disease in our country.


METHODS
Published and unpublished evidence about the infection, in the general population and risk groups in our country, was compiled and reviewed critically. Informal interviews with experts, revision of the mandatory notification book of the Ministry of Health and collection of data from laboratories that study hepatitis B virus, were also carried out.


RESULTS
The seroprevalence of chronic carriers in blood donors is nearly O.3%. Among risk groups such as health care personnel, the figure is O.7%, among homosexuals 29%, among HIV positive patients 30%, among sexual workers 2% and among children with chronic hemodialysis, 9%. Prevalence rate according to notified cases in 2004 was 1.8 x 100,000 inhabitants. Detection of viral hepatitis B surface antigen in laboratories occurs in 0.2% of donors and 1.396 of non donors.


CONCLUSIONS
The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus, the lack of notification, and the introduction of hepatitis B vaccine to our Regular Program of Immunizations, are arguments to develop in Chile a hepatitis B and C surveillance system.
Pereira S
Ana
A
División de Epidemiología, Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. apereira@med.uchile.cl
Valenzuela B
María Teresa
MT
Mora
Judith
J
Vera
Lilian
L