title: Lipoatrophy among HIV-infected patients is associated with higher levels of depression than lipohypertrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine the association between body morphology abnormalities and depression, examining lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy separately.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational cross-sectional study of 250 patients from the University of Washington HIV Cohort was carried out. Patients completed an assessment including measures of depression and body morphology. We used linear regression analysis to examine the association between lipoatrophy or lipohypertrophy and depression. Analysis of variance was used to examine the relationship between mean depression scores and lipoatrophy and lipohypertrophy in 10 body regions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 250 patients, 76 had lipoatrophy and 128 had lipohypertrophy. Mean depression scores were highest among patients with moderate-to-severe lipoatrophy (16.4), intermediate among those with moderate-to-severe lipohypertrophy (11.7), mild lipohypertrophy (9.9) and mild lipoatrophy (8.5), and lowest among those without body morphology abnormalities (7.7) (P=0.002). After adjustment, mean depression scores for subjects reporting moderate-to-severe lipoatrophy were 9.2 points higher (P<0.001), scores for subjects with moderate-to-severe lipohypertrophy were 4.8 points higher (P=0.02), and scores for subjects with mild lipohypertrophy were 2.8 points higher (P=0.03) than those for patients without body morphology abnormalities. Facial lipoatrophy was the body region associated with the most severe depression scores (15.5 vs. 8.9 for controls; P=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to long-term cardiovascular implications, body morphology has a more immediate effect on depression severity.
authors.affiliation: Center for AIDS and STD Research, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. hcrane@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grunfeld
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Uldall
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Ciechanowski
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kitahata