Hyponatremia in heart failure.
Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte abnormality found in hospitalized patients with heart failure. It may occur in patients who have hypovolemic, hypervolemic, or euvolemic state. It is usually not corrected by available therapies. It is a major predictor of prognosis, and correction of hyponatremia can be effectively accomplished by vasopressin antagonists. However, it still remains to be seen whether the normalization of serum sodium with vasopressin antagonists will also lead to an improved long-term prognosis.
Farmakis
Dimitrios
D
Second Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece. dimitrios_farmakis@yahoo.com
Filippatos
Gerasimos
G
Parissis
John
J
Kremastinos
Dimitrios Th
DT
Gheorghiade
Mihai
M