Insulator and Ovo proteins determine the frequency and specificity of insertion of the gypsy retrotransposon in Drosophila melanogaster.
The gypsy retrovirus of Drosophila is quite unique among retroviruses in that it shows a strong preference for integration into specific sites in the genome. In particular, gypsy integrates with a frequency of > 10% into the regulatory region of the ovo gene. We have used in vivo transgenic assays to dissect the role of Ovo proteins and the gypsy insulator during the process of gypsy site-specific integration. Here we show that DNA containing binding sites for the Ovo protein is required to promote site-specific gypsy integration into the regulatory region of the ovo gene. Using a synthetic sequence, we find that Ovo binding sites alone are also sufficient to promote gypsy site-specific integration into transgenes. These results indicate that Ovo proteins can determine the specificity of gypsy insertion. In addition, we find that interactions between a gypsy provirus and the gypsy preintegration complex may also participate in the process leading to the selection of gypsy integration sites. Finally, the results suggest that the relative orientation of two integrated gypsy sequences has an important role in the enhancer-blocking activity of the gypsy insulator.
Labrador
Mariano
M
Department of Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
Sha
Ky
K
Li
Alice
A
Corces
Victor G
VG
D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001483:Base Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D038101:Insulator Elements / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D018626:Retroelements; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D019076:Transgenes / Q000502:physiology
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018626:Retroelements; D014157:Transcription Factors; C089512:ovo protein, Drosophila; C408048:yellow-B protein, Drosophila
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