title: 2/4-Substituted-9-fluorenones and their O-glucosides as potential immunomodulators and anti-herpes simplex virus-2 agents. Part 5.
abstract: In pursuing a research on the antiviral and immunomodulatory activity of tilorone congeners, two new series of compounds were prepared and pharmacologically explored: 9-fluorenone carboxyhydroxyesters, indicated as AG, and 9-fluorenone carboxyhydroxamides, indicated as MG. Two of them, AG17 and MG3, were used as sugar acceptors in the transglycosylation reactions performed by alpha- and beta-glucosidases extracted from the marine mollusc Aplysia fasciata providing different alpha- and beta-, mono- and oligosaccharides. Then aglycons and saccharides were assayed for cytotoxicity, for anti-herpes virus-2 properties on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and for their capability to trigger human cells to produce antiviral cytokines such as IFNalpha and TNFalpha. Some promising compounds were individuated whereas the utility of the biocatalytic procedures in the preparation of pure anomeric material was further focused.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Discipline Chirurgiche, Sezione Microbiologia, Policlinico Universitario G. Martino, 98123 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: Rosella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ciurleo
authors.forename: Ambra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Gregorio
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maccari
authors.forename: Rosaria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ottana'
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pavone
authors.forename: Annabella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tramice
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trincone
authors.forename: Maria Gabriella
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Vigorita
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D005449:Fluorenes; D005960:Glucosides; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha