title: Neonatal nicotine exposure impairs development of auditory temporal processing.
abstract: Accurate temporal processing of sound is essential for detecting word structures in speech. Maternal smoking affects speech processing in newborns and may influence child language development; however, it is unclear how neonatal exposure to nicotine, present in cigarettes, affects the normal development of temporal processing. The present study used the gap-induced prepulse inhibition (gap-PPI) of the acoustic startle response to investigate the effects of neonatal nicotine exposure on the normal development of gap detection, a behavioral testing procedure of auditory temporal resolution. Neonatal rats were injected twice per day with saline (control), 1mg/kg nicotine (N-1 mg) or 5 mg/kg nicotine (N-5 mg) from postnatal day 8-12 (P8-P12). During the first month after birth, rats showed poor gap-PPI in all three groups. At P45 and P60, gap-PPI in control rats improved significantly, whereas rats exposed to nicotine exhibited less improvement. At P60, the gap-detection threshold in the N-5 mg group was significantly higher than in the control group, suggesting that neonatal nicotine exposure affects the normal development of gap-detection acuity. Additionally, 1h after receiving an acute nicotine injection (1 mg/kg), gap-PPI recorded in adult rats from the N-5 mg group showed a temporary significant improvement. These results suggest that neonatal nicotine exposure reduces gap-PPI implying an impairment of the normal development of auditory temporal processing by inducing changes in cholinergic systems.
authors.affiliation: Center for Hearing and Deafness, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA. weisun@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Liyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stolzberg
authors.forename: Kari Suzanne
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kraus
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D009538:Nicotine
references.citation: J Acoust Soc Am. 2001 Jan;109(1):379-84
references.pmid: 11206166
references.citation: J Subst Abuse. 2000;12(4):329-40
references.pmid: 11452837
references.citation: J Acoust Soc Am. 2002 Aug;112(2):740-7
references.pmid: 12186053
references.citation: Brain. 2003 Apr;126(Pt 4):928-45
references.pmid: 12615649
references.citation: Science. 2003 Apr 18;300(5618):498-502
references.pmid: 12702879
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Rev. 2003 Jun;22(2):191-202
references.pmid: 12850906
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2003 Aug;13(8):815-22
references.pmid: 12853367
references.citation: Neuropsychopharmacology. 2004 May;29(5):879-90
references.pmid: 14970833
references.citation: Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 2004 Sep 17;152(2):83-91
references.pmid: 15351495
references.citation: J Neurol. 1982;227(1):21-7
references.pmid: 6176690
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1983 Jan;3(1):237-42
references.pmid: 6822858
references.citation: J Neurol. 1990 Feb;237(1):19-23
references.pmid: 2319264
references.citation: Acta Paediatr. 1992 Dec;81(12):962-5
references.pmid: 1290858
references.citation: Neurotoxicology. 1993 Spring;14(1):83-144
references.pmid: 8361683
references.citation: Behav Neurosci. 1994 Aug;108(4):703-13
references.pmid: 7986364
references.citation: J Speech Hear Res. 1996 Dec;39(6):1315-20
references.pmid: 8959616
references.citation: J Acoust Soc Am. 1998 Oct;104(4):2385-99
references.pmid: 10491702
references.citation: Neuroreport. 2004 Oct 25;15(15):2401-5
references.pmid: 15640764
references.citation: J Acoust Soc Am. 2004 Dec;116(6):3581-93
references.pmid: 15658709
references.citation: Hear Res. 2005 Aug;206(1-2):146-58
references.pmid: 16081005
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Nov 8;102(45):16460-5
references.pmid: 16263924
references.citation: Behav Neurosci. 2005 Dec;119(6):1546-62
references.pmid: 16420158
references.citation: Ear Hear. 2006 Jun;27(3):286-98
references.pmid: 16672797
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2006 Aug;24(3):857-66
references.pmid: 16848798
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2007 Jan 3;27(1):180-9
references.pmid: 17202485
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2007 Feb;97(2):1005-17
references.pmid: 17050830
references.citation: J Cogn Neurosci. 2007 Mar;19(3):376-85
references.pmid: 17335387
references.citation: Hear Res. 2007 Apr;226(1-2):244-53
references.pmid: 16904853
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Apr;115(4):623-9
references.pmid: 17450234
references.citation: Hear Res. 2007 Sep;231(1-2):90-9
references.pmid: 17629425
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2007 Oct;98(4):1941-52
references.pmid: 17699690
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2008 Feb 27;28(9):2043-52
references.pmid: 18305239
references.citation: Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2008 Mar;84(1):30-44
references.pmid: 18383130
references.citation: J Comp Physiol A. 1997 Aug;181(2):161-76
references.pmid: 9251257