Role of the coagulation system in allergic inflammation in the upper airways.
Thrombin has been detected and demonstrated to play a role in the airways of patients with bronchial asthma, but its role in the upper airways including during allergic rhinitis is unknown. This study was conducted to explore whether thrombin is presence in the upper airways and, if so, whether it affects mucin secretion. Fifteen patients with allergic rhinitis were enrolled in the clinical study; primary nasal septum epithelial cells and normal bronchial epithelial cells were used for in vitro evaluation, and rats as animal models. Significant concentrations of thrombin were found in nasal secretion after allergic provocation in allergic patients, and thrombin and its agonistic receptor peptide induced significant secretion of mucin in primary nasal cells and normal bronchial epithelial cells as compared to non-stimulated cells. Increased mucosubstance secretion in septum epithelial cells was also induced after nasal instillation of thrombin in rats. Further, the anticoagulant, activated protein C, significantly inhibited thrombin-induced mucin secretion from septum epithelial cells in rats. The results of this study suggest that activation of the coagulation system occurs during the allergic response and that thrombin plays a crucial role in the regulation of mucin production in the upper airways.
Shimizu
Shino
S
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
Shimizu
Takeshi
T
Morser
John
J
Kobayashi
Tetsu
T
Yamaguchi
Aiko
A
Qin
Liqiang
L
Toda
Masaaki
M
D'Alessandro-Gabazza
Corina
C
Maruyama
Takaya
T
Takagi
Takehiro
T
Yano
Yutaka
Y
Sumida
Yasuhiro
Y
Hayashi
Tatsuya
T
Takei
Yoshiyuki
Y
Taguchi
Osamu
O
Suzuki
Koji
K
Gabazza
Esteban C
EC
D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055271:Mucin 5AC; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism; D011486:Protein C / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1 / Q000502:physiology; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000209:etiology*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000209:etiology*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000502:physiology; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology
C524678:MUC5AC protein, human; C524680:Muc5ac protein, rat; D055271:Mucin 5AC; D009077:Mucins; D011486:Protein C; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1; D013925:Thromboplastin; D013917:Thrombin