title: White matter diffusion alterations in normal women at risk of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Increased white matter mean diffusivity and decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) has been observed in subjects diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to determine whether similar alterations of white matter occur in normal individuals at risk of AD. Diffusion tensor images were acquired in 42 cognitively normal right-handed women with both a family history of dementia and at least one apolipoprotein E4 allele. These were compared with images from 23 normal women without either AD risk factor. Group analyses were performed using tract-based spatial statistics. Reduced FA was observed in the fronto-occipital and inferior temporal fasciculi (particularly posteriorly), the splenium of the corpus callosum, subcallosal white matter and the cingulum bundle. These findings demonstrate that specific white matter pathways are altered in normal women at increased risk of AD years before the expected onset of cognitive symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA. csmith@mri.uky.edu
authors.forename: Charles D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Himachandra
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chebrolu
authors.forename: Anders H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lovell
authors.forename: Shuling
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Gold
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008875:Middle Aged; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4
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