title: Host ranges of Listeria-specific bacteriophages from the turkey processing plant environment in the United States.
abstract: Even though at least 400 Listeria phages have been isolated from various sources, limited information is available on phages from the food processing plant environment. Phages in the processing plant environment may play critical roles in determining the Listeria population that becomes established in the plant. In this study, we pursued the isolation of Listeria-specific phages from environmental samples from four turkey processing plants in the United States. These environmental samples were also utilized to isolate Listeria spp. Twelve phages were isolated and classified into three groups in terms of their host range. Of these, nine (group 1) showed a wide host range, including multiple serotypes of Listeria monocytogenes, as well as other Listeria spp. (L. innocua, L. welshimeri, L. seeligeri, and L. ivanovii). The remaining phages mostly infected L. monocytogenes serotype 4b as well as L. innocua, L. ivanovii, and/or L. welshimeri. All but one of the strains of the serotype 4b complex (4b, 4d, 4e) from the processing plant environment could be readily infected by the wide-host-range phages isolated from the environment of the processing plants. However, many strains of other serotypes (1/2a [or 3a] and 1/2b [or 3b]), which represented the majority of L. monocytogenes strains isolated from the environmental samples, were resistant to infection by these phages. Experiments with two phage-resistant strains showed reduced phage adsorption onto the host cells. These findings suggest that phage resistance may be an important component of the ecology of L. monocytogenes in the turkey processing plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7624, USA.
authors.forename: Jae-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Robin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Siletzky
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kathariou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D019649:Food Industry; D005516:Food Microbiology; D008087:Listeria / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014422:Turkeys; D014481:United States; D053585:Virus Attachment
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jun;56(6):1912-8
references.pmid: 2116763
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Dec;69(12):7336-42
references.pmid: 14660383
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Mar;74(5):1464-8
references.pmid: 18192428
references.citation: Fed Regist. 2016 Apr 15;81(73):22176-83
references.pmid: 27101640
references.citation: Int J Food Microbiol. 2006 Nov 1;112(2):153-61
references.pmid: 16843563
references.citation: Microbiology (Reading). 1996 Apr;142 ( Pt 4):985-992
references.pmid: 8936325
references.citation: Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2005 Fall;2(3):192-200
references.pmid: 16156700
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Nov;66(11):5083-6
references.pmid: 11055967
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Mar;74(5):1653-5
references.pmid: 18192405
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 2000 Jan;35(2):312-23
references.pmid: 10652092
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Jul;72(7):5073-6
references.pmid: 16820508
references.citation: Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Dec;43(3):301-12
references.pmid: 16188359
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Apr 28;32(8):2386-95
references.pmid: 15115801
references.citation: Lett Appl Microbiol. 2005;41(3):291-6
references.pmid: 16108923
references.citation: Int J Food Microbiol. 1989 Jun;8(3):251-7
references.pmid: 2518382
references.citation: J Food Prot. 2004 Aug;67(8):1682-6
references.pmid: 15330534
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995 Jun;61(6):2139-44
references.pmid: 7793936
references.citation: J Appl Bacteriol. 1996 Apr;80(4):395-401
references.pmid: 8849641
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2001 Apr;69(4):2054-65
references.pmid: 11254558
references.citation: J Food Prot. 2005 Feb;68(2):426-37
references.pmid: 15726992
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 Mar;57(3):882-4
references.pmid: 2039238
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Aug;42(8):3819-22
references.pmid: 15297538
references.citation: J Food Prot. 2002 Nov;65(11):1811-29
references.pmid: 12430709
references.citation: Intervirology. 1994;37(1):31-5
references.pmid: 7928287
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Aug;69(8):4519-26
references.pmid: 12902237