title: Distinct TRP channels are required for warm and cool avoidance in Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: The ability to sense and respond to subtle variations in environmental temperature is critical for animal survival. Animals avoid temperatures that are too cold or too warm and seek out temperatures favorable for their survival. At the molecular level, members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of cation channels contribute to thermosensory behaviors in animals from flies to humans. In Drosophila melanogaster larvae, avoidance of excessively warm temperatures is known to require the TRP protein dTRPA1. Whether larval avoidance of excessively cool temperatures also requires TRP channel function, and whether warm and cool avoidance use the same or distinct TRP channels has been unknown. Here we identify two TRP channels required for cool avoidance, TRPL and TRP. Although TRPL and TRP have previously characterized roles in phototransduction, their function in cool avoidance appears to be distinct, as neither photoreceptor neurons nor the phototransduction regulators NORPA and INAF are required for cool avoidance. TRPL and TRP are required for cool avoidance; however they are dispensable for warm avoidance. Furthermore, cold-activated neurons in the larvae are required for cool but not warm avoidance. Conversely, dTRPA1 is essential for warm avoidance, but not cool avoidance. Taken together, these data demonstrate that warm and cool avoidance in the Drosophila larva involves distinct TRP channels and circuits.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Behavioral Genomics, Department of Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02458, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenzweig
authors.forename: Kyeongjin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Garrity
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007473:Ion Channels; D007814:Larva / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009154:Mutation; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; D050052:TRPC Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D000074025:TRPA1 Cation Channel; D050052:TRPC Cation Channels; D050051:Transient Receptor Potential Channels; C475684:TrpA1 protein, Drosophila; C063169:trp protein, Drosophila; C074192:trpl protein, Drosophila
references.citation: Cell. 1988 Aug 26;54(5):723-33
references.pmid: 2457447
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Jul 10;454(7201):217-20
references.pmid: 18548007
references.citation: Mol Pain. 2005 Apr 22;1:16
references.pmid: 15847696
references.citation: Science. 2002 Jun 14;296(5575):2046-9
references.pmid: 12016205
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2004 Jul 14;24(28):6410-5
references.pmid: 15254097
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2003 Mar;6(3):267-73
references.pmid: 12563263
references.citation: Pflugers Arch. 2005 Oct;451(1):250-63
references.pmid: 16075243
references.citation: Cell. 2006 Mar 24;124(6):1269-82
references.pmid: 16564016
references.citation: Cell. 2002 Mar 8;108(5):705-15
references.pmid: 11893340
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2002 Jun 15;16(12):1568-81
references.pmid: 12080094
references.citation: Genes Brain Behav. 2006 Nov;5(8):602-13
references.pmid: 17081265
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2002 Aug 1;22(15):6408-14
references.pmid: 12151520
references.citation: Cell. 2003 Mar 21;112(6):819-29
references.pmid: 12654248
references.citation: Brain Res. 2007 Jul 30;1160:39-46
references.pmid: 17588549
references.citation: Behav Genet. 2000 Jan;30(1):59-69
references.pmid: 10934800
references.citation: Science. 2000 Jun 16;288(5473):2013-8
references.pmid: 10856208
references.citation: Nat Genet. 2005 Mar;37(3):305-10
references.pmid: 15731759
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 13;277(37):33884-9
references.pmid: 12107168
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Nov 9;96(23):13474-9
references.pmid: 10557345
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Jul 11;418(6894):181-6
references.pmid: 12077604
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1995 Jun 2;270(22):13271-6
references.pmid: 7768926
references.citation: Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2003 Aug;13(4):487-92
references.pmid: 12965298
references.citation: Cell. 2003 Apr 18;113(2):261-73
references.pmid: 12705873
references.citation: Genetics. 1990 Feb;124(2):293-302
references.pmid: 2106470
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2005 Feb 15;19(4):419-24
references.pmid: 15681611
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1995 Jul 15;9(14):1694-708
references.pmid: 7622034
references.citation: Neuron. 2004 Mar 25;41(6):849-57
references.pmid: 15046718
references.citation: Nature. 1989 Aug 17;340(6234):531-6
references.pmid: 2770860
references.citation: Neuron. 2006 Apr 20;50(2):277-89
references.pmid: 16630838
references.citation: Annu Rev Neurosci. 2006;29:135-61
references.pmid: 16776582
references.citation: Nature. 1997 Oct 23;389(6653):816-24
references.pmid: 9349813
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2005 Aug 9;15(15):1352-63
references.pmid: 16085487
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Nov 6;104(45):17730-4
references.pmid: 17968007
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Dec 15;438(7070):1022-5
references.pmid: 16355226
references.citation: J Comp Physiol A. 2001 Apr;187(3):235-42
references.pmid: 11401203
references.citation: Nature. 2003 Jun 19;423(6942):822-3
references.pmid: 12815418
references.citation: Sci STKE. 2005 Feb 22;2005(272):re3
references.pmid: 15728426
references.citation: Nature. 2003 Dec 4;426(6966):517-24
references.pmid: 14654832
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Jul 11;418(6894):186-90
references.pmid: 12077606
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1999 Aug 1;19(15):6599-609
references.pmid: 10414987
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Jun 11;93(12):6079-84
references.pmid: 8650222
references.citation: Neuron. 2005 Jan 20;45(2):293-300
references.pmid: 15664180
references.citation: J Neurogenet. 1995 Nov;10(2):119-35
references.pmid: 8592272
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Mar 7;416(6876):52-8
references.pmid: 11882888
references.citation: J Physiol. 2007 Jan 1;578(Pt 1):9-24
references.pmid: 16990401
references.citation: Nature. 1999 Apr 1;398(6726):436-41
references.pmid: 10201375
references.citation: Neuron. 1995 Feb;14(2):341-51
references.pmid: 7857643
references.citation: Development. 2002 Mar;129(6):1443-53
references.pmid: 11880353