Multiple kinesin motors coordinate cytoplasmic RNA transport on a subpopulation of microtubules in Xenopus oocytes.
RNA localization is a widely conserved mechanism for generating cellular asymmetry. In Xenopus oocytes, microtubule-dependent transport of RNAs to the vegetal cortex underlies germ layer patterning. Although kinesin motors have been implicated in this process, the apparent polarity of the microtubule cytoskeleton has pointed instead to roles for minus-end-directed motors. To resolve this issue, we have analyzed participation of kinesin motors in vegetal RNA transport and identified a direct role for Xenopus kinesin-1. Moreover, in vivo interference and biochemical experiments reveal a key function for multiple motors, specifically kinesin-1 and kinesin-2, and suggest that these motors may interact during transport. Critically, we have discovered a subpopulation of microtubules with plus ends at the vegetal cortex, supporting roles for these kinesin motors in vegetal RNA transport. These results provide a new mechanistic basis for understanding directed RNA transport within the cytoplasm.
Messitt
Timothy J
TJ
Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Box G-L268, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Gagnon
James A
JA
Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Box G-L268, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Kreiling
Jill A
JA
Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Box G-L268, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Pratt
Catherine A
CA
Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Box G-L268, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Yoon
Young J
YJ
Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Box G-L268, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Mowry
Kimberly L
KL
Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Brown University, Box G-L268, Providence, RI 02912, USA. Electronic address: kimberly_mowry@brown.edu.
D000818:Animals; D016764:Cell Polarity; D016547:Kinesins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D034443:RNA Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D038621:Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D020033:Protein Isoforms; D038621:Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid; D012313:RNA; D016547:Kinesins
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