title: [Ejaculatory duct obstruction].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostatic cysts are rare lesions with a reported incidence from 1 to 7.9%. They have been associated with primary infertility. The main characteristic is the benign course and positive prognosis after correct surgical management.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present three clinical cases, two with primary infertility and another with a history of primary infertility who presented with recurrent hemospermia and refractory medical treatment. All patients had hypospermia and alteration of the seminal parameters represented by moderate oligospermia (MOS), asteno- and teratozoospermia, in addition to hemospermia in two patients. Diagnosis was confirmed by transrectal ultrasound. Transurethral resection (TUR) of the cyst was performed in two cases and resection of the veru montanum in one, obtaining improvement in the seminal parameters after 1 month of follow-up and acceptable parameters for spontaneous conception at 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infertility associated with partially obstructed ejaculatory ducts may be suspected clinically by hypospermia. Transrectal ultrasound is essential to confirm the diagnosis. TUR of this lesion reestablishes the free passage of semen in almost all patients, with potential recovery of fertility 6 months after treatment.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Andrología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, D.F.
authors.forename: Héctor Eduardo
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Meza-Vázquez
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez-Cornelio
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Espinoza-Guerrero
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cárdenas-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Efraín
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maldonado-Alcaraz
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Serrano-Brambila
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003560:Cysts / Q000150:complications* / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004543:Ejaculatory Ducts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D051516:Hemospermia / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000209:etiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011247:Pregnancy; D011469:Prostatic Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate; D014463:Ultrasonography; D036761:Ultrasound, High-Intensity Focused, Transrectal; D055815:Young Adult