title: IL-6, TNFalfa, IL-10 in the seminal plasma of patients with bacterial male accessory gland infections after sequential therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In previous studies the authors have demonstrated a worse spermatic outcome associated to overproduction of ROS in infertile patients with urogenital infections extended to more glands (prostato-vesciculitis, PV) compared to what observed in patients with prostatitis (P) (cat II according to the National Institutes of Health [NIH]). Among the reasons of an inadequate post-therapeutical response, the duration of each therapeutical phase could be the only bias of empirism entrusted only to the monitoring of obvious ''traditional'' end-points, resulting underrated for various reasons (costs, lacking methodological standardization, choice of the cytokines to be monitored). The evaluation of other therapeutical endpoints (cytokine dosage in the seminal plasma; analysis of ROS) is therefore all important.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to evaluate how to optimize the therapeutic response in infertile patients with P o PV chronic-bacterial, the authors wanted to monitor the pattern of the pro-oxidants cytokines TNFalfa, IL-6 in the seminal plasma (met. sandwich ELISA high sensitivity <0.039 pg/mL, R&D System Europe Ltd, UK) and of IL-10 (chosen as antioxidant cytokine) after sequential therapy (antibiotic - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs antioxidant).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modifications of the levels of TNFalfa, IL-6 ed IL-10 recorded in the present study during the sequential therapy for P or PV microbic offer some issues for reflection for interesting clinical-diagnostical implications: 1) possible revision of sequences and/or duration of the therapeutical phases in course of PV; and 2) the role to assign to the IL-10 (assumed as anti-inflammatory cytokine).
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Section, Andrology and Internal Medicine, Biomedical Science Department, Garibaldi Hospital (Centre), University of Catania, Catania, Italy. sandrolavignera@email.it
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: La Vignera
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Calogero
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castiglione
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: D'Agata
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Giammusso
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Condorelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vicari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D012661:Semen / Q000737:chemistry*; D012669:Seminal Vesicles; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10