title: Distribution and determinants of myocardial perfusion grade following late mechanical recanalization of occluded infarct-related arteries postmyocardial infarction: a report from the occluded artery trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the distribution and determinants of myocardial perfusion grade (MPG) following late recanalization of persistently occluded infarct-related arteries (IRA).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  MPG reflects microvascular integrity. It is an independent prognostic factor following myocardial infarction, but has been studied mainly in the setting of early reperfusion. The occluded artery trial (OAT) enrolled stable patients with persistently occluded IRAs beyond 24 hr and up to 28 days post-MI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myocardial blush was assessed using TIMI MPG grading in 261 patients with TIMI 3 epicardial flow following IRA PCI. Patients demonstrating impaired (0-1) versus preserved (2-3) MPG were compared with regard to baseline clinical and pre-PCI angiographic characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Impaired MPG was observed in 60 of 261 patients (23%). By univariate analysis, impaired MPG was associated with failed fibrinolytic therapy, higher heart rate, lower systolic blood pressure, lower ejection fraction, LAD occlusion, absence of collaterals (P < 0.01) and ST elevation MI, lower diastolic blood pressure, and higher systolic sphericity index (P < 0.05). By multivariable analysis, higher heart rate, LAD occlusion, absence of collaterals and higher systolic sphericity index (P < 0.01), and lower systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05) were independently associated with impaired MPG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preserved microvascular integrity was present in a high proportion of patients following late recanalization of occluded IRAs post-MI. Presence of collaterals was independently associated with preserved MPG and likely accounted for the high frequency of preserved myocardial perfusion in this clinical setting. Impaired MPG was associated with baseline clinical and angiographic features consistent with larger infarct size.
authors.affiliation: Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jorapur
authors.forename: Terje K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Steigen
authors.forename: Christopher E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Buller
authors.forename: Vladimír
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dzavík
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Bradley H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: Eunice E S
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Yeoh
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kurray
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sokalski
authors.forename: Mauricio C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Shari S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kronsberg
authors.forename: Gervasio A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lamas
authors.forename: Judith S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hochman
authors.forename: G B John
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mancini
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D002932:Cineangiography; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D054318:No-Reflow Phenomenon / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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