Role of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines and their correlation with established risk factors in South Indians with coronary artery disease.
Cytokines are responsible for the modulation of immunological and inflammatory processes and play a significant role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. We estimated the levels of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines in South Indian patients with coronary artery disease. The study population comprised of groups 1-3: 100 patients each with acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, and stable angina, respectively, and group 4 (100 healthy controls). Cytokine levels (interleukin-6, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were significantly higher in patients from groups 1 and 2, than in group 3 and controls. Acute myocardial infarction patients exhibited higher serum levels of interleukin-10 compared with other groups and control subjects. Patients with unstable angina had significantly lower interleukin-10 concentrations than those with stable angina. The ratios of pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines in all the study groups increased significantly when patients with unstable angina were compared to other groups. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels showed significant correlation with established risk factors such as body mass index, blood pressure, and lipid levels. Acute myocardial infarction patients show elevation in proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, while unstable angina is associated with low levels of serum interleukin-10. Higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 may be needed to provide protection in unstable angina. These cytokines are markers of coronary artery disease and may be used for the identification of high-risk patients with unstable angina/acute myocardial infarction.
Rajappa
Medha
M
Department of Ocular Biochemistry, Dr. R.P. Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
Sen
S K
SK
Sharma
Alpana
A
D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D044465:White People
D015415:Biomarkers; C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D016207:Cytokines; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10