Serology of paracoccidioidomycosis.
This review provides the background for understanding the role of a battery of diagnostic methods in paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). This systemic mycosis is a disease endemic in many regions of Latin America, with sporadic cases also occurring throughout the world (mycosis of importation). Although excellent laboratory methods for diagnosis are available, there are deficiencies that must be met by continued research. Understanding the uses and limitations of a battery of laboratory methods is essential to diagnose PCM. Clinicians and laboratory directors must be familiar with the uses and limitations of a battery of serologic and mycological tests to accurately diagnose of PCM. Antibody and antigen detections are valuable adjuncts to histopathology and culture. More recently, the gp43 and gp70 antigen detection assay have improved the methodology of diagnosis of this mycosis, which improves reproducibility and facilitates monitoring antigen clearance during antifungal treatment. Furthermore, detection of antigen in cerebrospinal fluid and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increases the sensitivity for diagnosis of PCM in central nervous system and in pulmonary infections, respectively.
de Camargo
Zoilo Pires
ZP
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Cellular Biology Division, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 862/8 andar, Sao Paulo, SP 04023-062, Brazil. zoilo@ecb.epm.br
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000276:immunology*; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods
C103180:43 kDa protein, Paracoccidioides; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1998 May-Jun;40(3):155-64
9830729
Mycopathologia. 1984 Oct 30;88(1):31-7
6392888
J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Feb;30(2):381-5
1537906
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1997 Sep-Oct;39(5):261-9
9661304
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1984 Sep-Oct;26(5):285-7
6533751
J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Jun;29(6):1202-5
1907608
J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Oct;32(10):2377-81
7814469
Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris). 1970 Sep;119(3):338-46
4991255
J Med Vet Mycol. 1989;27(6):407-12
2628560
J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Oct;42(10):4480-6
15472297
J Med Vet Mycol. 1995 Mar-Apr;33(2):113-6
7658301
J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Jun;36(6):1723-8
9620407
J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Feb;32(2):554-6
8150974
J Med Vet Mycol. 1987 Feb;25(1):5-18
3553526
Appl Microbiol. 1972 Jul;24(1):132-7
4626903
J Med Vet Mycol. 1996 Jun-Jul;34(3):155-61
8803794
J Clin Microbiol. 1989 Dec;27(12):2842-5
2592544
Sabouraudia. 1985 Feb;23(1):23-9
3922069
J Clin Microbiol. 1993 Mar;31(3):671-6
8458961
J Clin Microbiol. 1988 Oct;26(10):2147-51
3141460
J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Jul;20(1):103-8
6746881
Sabouraudia. 1966 Feb;4(4):223-30
4959861
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2003 Sep;10(5):802-7
12965908
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1991 Jul-Aug;33(4):277-80
1844949
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1987 Sep-Oct;29(5):327-8
3136535
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1990 Aug;43(2):200-6
2389824
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2006 Dec;13(12):1363-6
17035512
Medicina (B Aires). 1976;36(5):510-2
1004209
J Clin Microbiol. 1997 Dec;35(12):3278-83
9399534
J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Aug;41(8):3675-80
12904374
J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Mar;19(3):404-7
6425358
J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Aug;29(8):1610-5
1722220
J Clin Microbiol. 2005 Sep;43(9):4680-3
16145126
Arq Cir Clin Exp. 1955 Sep-Dec;18(5-6):197-254
13363721
Sabouraudia. 1977 Mar;15(1):79-85
404719
Acta Cient Venez. 1992;43(6):355-9
1343747
J Clin Microbiol. 1985 Jul;22(1):39-43
2410446
J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Jun;42(6):2419-24
15184413
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1987 Sep-Oct;29(5):276-83
3136529
Am J Ophthalmol. 2002 Sep;134(3):456-9
12208267