title: Novel targets for HIV therapy.
abstract: There are currently 25 drugs belonging to 6 different inhibitor classes approved for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, new anti-HIV agents are still needed to confront the emergence of drug resistance and various adverse effects associated with long-term use of antiretroviral therapy. The 21st International Conference on Antiviral Research, held in April 2008 in Montreal, Canada, therefore featured a special session focused on novel targets for HIV therapy. The session included presentations by world-renowned experts in HIV virology and covered a diverse array of potential targets for the development of new classes of HIV therapies. This review contains concise summaries of discussed topics that included Vif-APOBEC3G, LEDGF/p75, TRIM 5alpha, virus assembly and maturation, and Vpu. The described viral and host factors represent some of the most noted examples of recent scientific breakthroughs that are opening unexplored avenues to novel anti-HIV target discovery and validation, and should feed the antiretroviral drug development pipeline in the near future.
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Warner C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Zeger
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Debyser
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Eric O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Freed
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stephens
authors.forename: Wes
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yonemoto
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Buckheit
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Esté
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cihlar
mesh_terms: D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000090103:Antiviral Restriction Factors; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006678:HIV / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins
chemical_list: D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000090103:Antiviral Restriction Factors; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase; D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; C504649:PSIP1 protein, human; C514859:vpu protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins; C477346:TRIM5 protein, human; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human