title: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand promotes migration of human bone marrow multipotent stromal cells.
abstract: Adult multipotent stromal cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stem cells, represent an important source of cells for the repair of a number of damaged tissues. Both bone marrow (BM)-derived and amniotic MSCs expressed detectable surface levels of two (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 [TRAIL-R2] and TRAIL-R4) of four transmembrane TRAIL receptors. Although the best-characterized activity of TRAIL-R2 is the transduction of apoptotic signals, neither recombinant TRAIL (rTRAIL) nor infection with an adenovirus-expressing TRAIL induced cytotoxic effects on MSCs. Moreover, whereas rTRAIL did not affect proliferation or differentiation of MSCs along the osteogenic and adipogenic lineages, it significantly promoted the migration of human MSCs in range of concentrations comparable to that of soluble TRAIL in human plasma (100 pg/ml). Since rTRAIL induced the rapid phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in MSC cultures and pretreatment with pharmacological inhibitors of the ERK1/2 pathway efficiently counteracted the rTRAIL-induced human MSC migration, these data indicate that ERK1/2 is involved in mediating the ability of rTRAIL to stimulate MSC migration. Taking into consideration that the soluble factors able to induce MSC migration have not been extensively characterized, our current data indicate that the TRAIL/TRAIL-R system might play an important role in the biology of MSCs. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
authors.affiliation: aDepartment of Morphology and Embryology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Secchiero
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Melloni
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corallini
authors.forename: Antonio Paolo
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Beltrami
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alviano
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milani
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Aurizio
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: di Iasio
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cesselli
authors.forename: Gian Paolo
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Bagnara
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zauli
mesh_terms: D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505639:TNFRSF10B protein, human; C451501:TNFRSF10D protein, human; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases