title: Alcohol abuse/dependence symptoms among hospital employees exposed to a SARS outbreak.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine alcohol abuse/dependence symptoms among hospital employees exposed to a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak, and the relationship between types of exposure to the SARS outbreak and subsequent alcohol abuse/dependence symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey was conducted among 549 randomly selected hospital employees in Beijing, China, concerning the psychological impact of the 2003 SARS outbreak. Subjects were assessed on sociodemographic factors and types of exposure to the outbreak, and on symptoms of post-traumatic stress (PTS), alcohol abuse/dependence and depression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Current alcohol abuse/dependence symptom counts 3 years after the outbreak were positively associated with having been quarantined, or worked in high-risk locations such as SARS wards, during the outbreak. However, having had family members or friends contract, SARS was not related to alcohol abuse/dependence symptom count. Symptoms of PTS and of depression, and having used drinking as a coping method, were also significantly associated with increased alcohol abuse/dependence symptoms. The relationship between outbreak exposure and alcohol abuse/dependence symptom count remained significant even when sociodemographic and other factors were controlled for. When the intrusion, avoidance and hyperarousal PTS symptom clusters were entered into the model, hyperarousal was found to be significantly associated with alcohol abuse/dependence symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure to an outbreak of a severe infectious disease can, like other disaster exposures, lead not only to PTSD but also to other psychiatric conditions, such as alcohol abuse/dependence. The findings will help policy makers and health professionals to better prepare for potential outbreaks of diseases such as SARS or avian flu.
authors.affiliation: Mailman School of Public Health, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Unit 43, NY 10032, USA. pw11@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yunyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Cordelia J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Zhongling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Iva J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Litvak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010564:Personnel, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*
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