Endocrine regulation of calcium transport in epithelia.
1. Calcium (re)absorption occurs in epithelia, including the intestine, kidney, mammary glands, placenta and gills (in the case of fish). 2. Calcium is transported across epithelia by two transport mechanisms, paracellular and transcellular, and the movement is regulated by a complex array of transport processes that are mediated by hormonal, developmental and physiological factors involving the gastrointestinal tract, bone, kidney and the parathyroids. 3. Clear understanding of the calcium transport pathways and their endocrine regulation is critical for minimizing various metabolic and health disorders at different physiological stages. Here, we first briefly review the calcium transport mechanisms before discussing in detail the endocrine factors that regulate calcium transport in the epithelia.
Khanal
Ramesh C
RC
Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arizona, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA.
Nemere
Ilka
I
D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000502:physiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans
D002118:Calcium