title: Extracellular matrix gene expression after vocal fold injury in a rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-9, collagen types I and III, and fibronectin from rabbit vocal folds after injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty rabbits were involved in this study. Five animals were assigned to each time period. Noninjured vocal fold specimens were collected as a control. Gene expression was analyzed at 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours after injury by use of real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to 2 hours after injury, MMP-1 expression was increased at 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Compared to 4 hours, MMP-1 expression was increased at 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Compared to the control specimens, MMP-9 expression was increased at 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Compared to 2 hours, MMP-9 expression was increased at 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Compared to 2 and 4 hours, collagen type I expression was increased at 72 hours. Collagen type III expression was increased at 72 hours compared to 2, 4, and 8 hours. Compared to 2 hours, fibronectin expression was increased at 24, 48, and 72 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results revealed time-dependent changes in expression of MMP-1, MMP-9, collagen types I and III, and fibronectin from rabbit vocal folds after injury. Future experiments are planned to investigate the effects of phonation on expression of these genes after injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Bill Wilkerson Center for Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-4480, USA.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.forename: Ping Jiang
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Tsunehisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Lesley C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Thibeault
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000150:complications; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000293:injuries*; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1
references.citation: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2006 Dec;115(12):921-9
references.pmid: 17214268
references.citation: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2002 Apr;111(4):302-9
references.pmid: 11991580
references.citation: Laryngoscope. 2004 Mar;114(3):548-56
references.pmid: 15091233
references.citation: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2002 Mar;3(3):207-14
references.pmid: 11994741
references.citation: J Voice. 2003 Sep;17(3):377-83
references.pmid: 14513960
references.citation: Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2005 Feb;37(2):283-8
references.pmid: 15474975
references.citation: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2008 Feb;117(2):145-52
references.pmid: 18357839
references.citation: J Voice. 2004 Mar;18(1):116-24
references.pmid: 15070231
references.citation: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2004 Oct;113(10):767-76
references.pmid: 15535138
references.citation: Laryngoscope. 2004 Apr;114(4):760-4
references.pmid: 15064637
references.citation: Laryngoscope. 2003 Jun;113(6):966-72
references.pmid: 12782806
references.citation: Clin Plast Surg. 2000 Oct;27(4):489-500
references.pmid: 11039884
references.citation: Arch Dermatol Res. 1998 Jul;290 Suppl:S24-9
references.pmid: 9710380
references.citation: Laryngoscope. 2003 Apr;113(4):620-7
references.pmid: 12671417
references.citation: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2006 Apr;115(4):285-92
references.pmid: 16676825
references.citation: J Voice. 2002 Mar;16(1):96-104
references.pmid: 12002893
references.citation: J Wound Care. 2002 Jul;11(7):253-61
references.pmid: 12192844
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 1993 Mar;142(3):793-801
references.pmid: 8456940
references.citation: J Biomech. 2004 Oct;37(10):1521-9
references.pmid: 15336927
references.citation: Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008 Jan;138(1):62-8
references.pmid: 18164995
references.citation: J Voice. 2002 Sep;16(3):310-6
references.pmid: 12395983
references.citation: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2005 Jan;114(1 Pt 1):19-24
references.pmid: 15697158
references.citation: Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1995 Oct;7(5):728-35
references.pmid: 8573349
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 1981 Mar;76(3):181-9
references.pmid: 7240787
references.citation: Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000 Feb;105(2):638-47
references.pmid: 10697171