title: Pituitary autoimmunity: 30 years later.
abstract: Pituitary autoimmunity encompasses a spectrum of conditions ranging from histologically proven forms of lymphocytic hypophysitis to the presence of pituitary antibodies in apparently healthy subjects. Hypophysitis is a rare but increasingly recognized disorder that typically presents as a mass in the sella turcica. It mimics clinically and radiologically other non-functioning sellar masses, such as the more common pituitary adenoma. Hypophysitis shows a striking temporal association with pregnancy, and it has been recently described during immunotherapies that block CTLA-4. Several candidate pituitary autoantigens have been described in the last decade, although none has proven useful as a diagnostic tool. This review summarizes the advances made in the field since the publication of the first review on pituitary autoimmunity, and the challenges that await clarification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States. pcat@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Patrizio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caturegli
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lupi
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landek-Salgado
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Noel R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000276:immunology*; D010907:Pituitary Hormones / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D010907:Pituitary Hormones
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