Constitutively activated barley ROPs modulate epidermal cell size, defense reactions and interactions with fungal leaf pathogens.
RHO-like monomeric G-proteins of plants (ROPs, also called RACs), are involved in plant development and interaction with the environment. The barley (Hordeum vulgare) ROP protein HvRACB has been shown to be required for entry of the biotrophic powdery mildew fungus Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Bgh) into living host cells. To get a deeper insight into evolutionarily conserved functions of ROPs in cell polarity and pathogen responses, we stably expressed constitutively activated (CA) mutant variants of different barley ROPs (HvRACB, HvRAC1, HvRAC3) in barley. CA HvROPs induced epidermal cell expansion and/or abolished polarity in tip growing root hairs. All three CA HvROPs enhanced susceptibility of barley to penetration by Bgh whereas only CA HvRAC1 supported whole cell H(2)O(2) production in non-penetrated cells. Despite increasing penetration by Bgh, CA HvRAC1 promoted callose deposition at sites of fungal attack and resistance to penetration by Magnaporthe oryzae. The data show an involvement of ROPs in polar growth processes of the monocot barley and in responses to fungal pathogens with different life style.
Pathuri
Indira Priyadarshini
IP
Lehrstuhl für Phytopathologie, Technische Universität München, Freising, Germany.
Zellerhoff
Nina
N
Schaffrath
Ulrich
U
Hensel
Götz
G
Kumlehn
Jochen
J
Kogel
Karl-Heinz
KH
Eichmann
Ruth
R
Hückelhoven
Ralph
R
D001203:Ascomycota / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001483:Base Sequence; D048429:Cell Size; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D017343:Genes, Plant; D001467:Hordeum / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology*; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified
D017931:DNA Primers; D018744:DNA, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins
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