title: Imaging white matter diffusion changes with development and recovery from brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study reviews the application of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to the study of developmental and pathological changes in brain white matter. The ability to measure and monitor such changes in vivo would provide important opportunities for charting disease progression and monitoring response to therapeutic intervention. This study first reviews the use of DTI in studying normal human brain development. It goes on to illustrate how DTI has been used to provide insights into recovery from damage in selected brain disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that potential clinical applications of DTI include: (i) monitoring pathological change, (ii) providing markers that predict recovery and allow for individual targeting of therapy, (iii) providing outcome measures, (iv) providing measures of potentially compensatory structural changes and (v) improving understanding of normal brain anatomy to aid in interpretation of the consequences of localized damage.
authors.affiliation: Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Rose
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bosnell
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giorgio
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Johansen-Berg
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D009421:Nervous System Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity