title: [Occult chronic kidney disease in patients with stable coronary heart disease].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases cardiovascular risk mainly in subjects with coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of occult CKD (OCKD) in stable coronary heart disease patients and to study the factors associated in order to improve its detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional study of 7,884 patients who had had a coronary event requiring hospitalization in the previous 6 months to 10 years. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by means of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation. CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate lower than 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), and OCKD when, in addition, serum creatinine was < 133 mmol/l in men and < 124 mmol/l in women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 65.3 years, 73.7% male and 22.4% had CKD, 68.3% of them with normal serum creatinine. In subjects with OCKD the prevalence of risk factors and cardiovascular diseases associated was intermediate between subjects without CKD and subjects with CKD and high serum creatinine. Age, female sex, hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral artery disease were significantly and independently associated with OCKD in the multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Almost one in 4 subjects with stable coronary heart disease had CKD, most of them with normal serum creatinine, mainly women and older patients.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. clahoz.hciii@salud.madrid.org
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lahoz
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mostaza
authors.forename: María Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mantilla
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taboada
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tranche
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín-Jadraque
authors.forename: Isidro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: López-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Zamorano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence