title: Psychiatric comorbidity in older long-term abstinent alcoholics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We compared 89 older abstinent alcoholics (OAA, mean abstinence of 14.8 years), to 53 age and gender-comparable older non-alcoholic controls (ONC) with regard to lifetime and current psychiatric diagnoses, lifetime psychiatric symptom counts, and psychological measures in the mood, anxiety, and externalizing disorder domains. We compared these findings with our previously reported results in analogous middle-aged samples (MAA versus MNC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The methods used were the same as in our previous study of MAA versus MNC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  OAA had more lifetime psychiatric and mood disorder diagnoses than ONC. They also had more lifetime symptoms and psychological test evidence of psychiatric disorder in all domains. However, OAA were less different from ONC than were MAA from MNC on most psychiatric and psychological measures. In both studies, differences between alcoholics and controls were dramatically larger in the externalizing compared with the mood and anxiety domains, and there was little evidence that psychiatric comorbidity measures impacted abstinence duration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding that OAA had less psychiatric illness than MAA may involve a combination of selective survivorship, selection bias, and cohort differences. Although selection bias may be present in clinical studies of samples of any age, it is a more potent problem in older samples. However, given these potential biases, our results underestimate psychiatric comorbidity in OAA, strengthening our finding of increased psychiatric disorder in OAA versus ONC.
authors.affiliation: Neurobehavioral Research, Inc., 2800 Woodlawn DR Ste. 129, Honolulu, HI 96822-1862, USA. george@nbresearch.com
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fein
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Sclafani
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Finn
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shumway
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry) / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015996:Survival Rate; D013695:Temperance / Q000523:psychology*
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