Body mass index and nutritional intake in patients with HIV and chronic diarrhea: a secondary analysis.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in nutritional intake and body mass index (BMI) in HIV patients with chronic diarrhea via secondary analysis of patients' nutritional diaries. A secondary purpose was to evaluate the quality of diets against national dietary guidelines.


METHODS
Seventy-five ambulatory patients with HIV were included in this study. Patients were categorized using baseline BMI as normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2), and obese (BMI >or=30.0 kg/m2). Seven-day nutritional diaries were used to estimate diet in terms of dietary fats, cholesterol, fiber, protein, and sugar. A one-way analysis of variance was conducted to evaluate the relationship between BMI and mean nutritional intake from fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, cholesterol, fiber, and sugar.


CONCLUSIONS
39.7% and 13.3% of participants were overweight and obese, respectively. The mean intake of fat, saturated fat, and cholesterol was higher than the recommended levels by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP), while the mean intake of monounsaturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, and fiber was below the NCEP guideline. Although the results were not statistically different between groups, grams of fiber intake were lowest for individuals with BMI >or=30.0 kg/m2.


CONCLUSIONS
Advanced practice nurses should encourage increased physical activity and healthy diets at each visit for individuals living with HIV. The continued use of nutritional supplements to boost weight should also be reviewed at each visit to prevent the consumption of unnecessary calories.
Capili
Bernadette
B
Center for AIDS Research, Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, New York 10032, USA. bc42@columbia.edu
Anastasi
Joyce K
JK
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015930:Diet Records; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D019247:HIV Wasting Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D009722:Nurse Practitioners; D024802:Nurse's Role; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012885:Skinfold Thickness