Effect of a low-resource-intensive lifestyle modification program incorporating gymnasium-based and home-based resistance training on type 2 diabetes risk in Australian adults.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a low-resource-intensive lifestyle modification program incorporating resistance training and to compare a gymnasium-based with a home-based resistance training program on diabetes diagnosis status and risk.


METHODS
A quasi-experimental two-group study was undertaken with 122 participants with diabetes risk factors; 36.9% had impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG) at baseline. The intervention included a 6-week group self-management education program, a gymnasium-based or home-based 12-week resistance training program, and a 34-week maintenance program. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h plasma glucose, blood lipids, blood pressure, body composition, physical activity, and diet were assessed at baseline and week 52.


RESULTS
Mean 2-h plasma glucose and FPG fell by 0.34 mmol/l (95% CI -0.60 to -0.08) and 0.15 mmol/l (-0.23 to -0.07), respectively. The proportion of participants with IFG or IGT decreased from 36.9 to 23.0% (P = 0.006). Mean weight loss was 4.07 kg (-4.99 to -3.15). The only significant difference between resistance training groups was a greater reduction in systolic blood pressure for the gymnasium-based group (P = 0.008).


CONCLUSIONS
This intervention significantly improved diabetes diagnostic status and reduced diabetes risk to a degree comparable to that of other low-resource-intensive lifestyle modification programs and more intensive interventions applied to individuals with IGT. The effects of home-based and gymnasium-based resistance training did not differ significantly.
Payne
Warren R
WR
University of Ballarat, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
Walsh
Kerry J
KJ
Harvey
Jack T
JT
Livy
Michelle F
MF
McKenzie
Kylie J
KJ
Donaldson
Alex
A
Atkinson
Meredith G
MG
Keogh
Jennifer B
JB
Moss
Robert S
RS
Dunstan
David W
DW
Hubbard
Wendy A
WA
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003151:Community Health Centers; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D055070:Resistance Training; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior
D001786:Blood Glucose
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