title: Development of dual-class antiretroviral drug resistance in a child coinfected with HIV and tuberculosis: a case report from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
abstract: The treatment of concurrent HIV and tuberculosis (TB) in children <3 years of age has not been well-studied and is complicated by potential drug-drug interactions. The recommended antiretroviral therapy (ART) in coinfected children in South Africa consists of full-strength ritonavir, lamivudine and stavudine. We report on a child initiated on this regimen, during concurrent TB treatment, who promptly developed an adverse reaction, virologic failure and dual-class antiretroviral drug resistance, compromising subsequent salvage ART.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital, and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. richard.murphy@newyork.msf.org
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: France
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sunpath
authors.forename: Michelle L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Vincent C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Marconi
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Kuritzkes
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McIntosh
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral; D013019:South Africa; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral
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