title: Simvastatin and ezetimibe in addition to nonpharmacological risk factor modification for achieving new low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targets.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Though guidelines emphasize low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering as an essential strategy for cardiovascular risk reduction, achieving target levels may be difficult.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors conducted a prospective, controlled, open-label trial examining the effectiveness and safety of high-dose fluvastatin or a standard dosage of simvastatin plus ezetimibe, both with an intensive guideline-oriented cardiac rehabilitation program, in achieving the new ATP III LDL-C targets in patients with proven coronary artery disease. 305 consecutive patients were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: the simvastatin (40 mg/d) plus ezetimibe (10 mg/d) and the fluvastatin-only group (80 mg/d). Patients in both study groups received the treatment for 21 days in addition to nonpharmacological measures, including advanced physical, dietary, psychosocial, and educational activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 21 days of treatment, a significant reduction in LDL-C was found in both study groups as compared to the initial values, however, the reduction in LDL-C was significantly stronger in the simvastatin plus ezetimibe group: simvastatin plus ezetimibe treatment decreased LDL-C to a mean level of 57.7 +/- 1.7 mg/ml, while fluvastatin achieved a reduction to 84.1 +/- 2.4 mg/ml (p < 0.001). In the simvastatin plus ezetimibe group, 95% of the patients reached the target level of LDL-C < 100 mg/dl. This percentage was significantly higher than in patients treated with fluvastatin alone (75%; p < 0.001). The greater effectiveness of simvastatin plus ezetimibe was more impressive when considering the optional goal of LDL-C < 70 mg/dl (75% vs. 32%, respectively; p < 0.001). There was no difference in occurrence of adverse events between both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Simvastatin 40 mg/d plus ezetimibe 10 mg/d, on the background of a guideline-oriented standardized intensive cardiac rehabilitation program, can reach 95% effectiveness in achieving challenging goals (LDL < 100 mg/dl) using lipid-lowering medication in patients at high cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: The Heart and Vascular Center Bad Segeberg, Segeberger Kliniken GmbH, Bad Segeberg, Germany. branislav.liska@gmail.com
authors.forename: Branislav
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liska
authors.forename: Ahmed A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Khattab
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdel-Wahab
authors.forename: Ronja
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Westphal
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tölg
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Geist
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Richardt
mesh_terms: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001384:Azetidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000069438:Ezetimibe; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001384:Azetidines; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019821:Simvastatin; D000069438:Ezetimibe