title: The effects of pioglitazone and metformin on plasma visfatin levels in patients with treatment naive type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Circulating visfatin levels are altered in insulin resistant states. We evaluated the effects of two insulin-sensitizing hypoglycemic agents on plasma visfatin and adiponectin levels in patients with newly diagnosed and untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four patients with T2DM were randomized to treatment either with pioglitazone (15-45mg/day) or metformin (1000-2000mg/day). Plasma visfatin and adiponectin levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores were determined at baseline and at 12th week of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By the end of the 12th week, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR scores and waist circumferences improved equally in both treatment arms. HDL cholesterol and adiponectin levels increased only in the pioglitazone group (p=0.01 and p=0.003, respectively). On the other hand, metformin treatment had additional regulatory effects on BMI, blood pressure and total and LDL-cholesterol levels (p=0.002, p=0.01, p=0.004, p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Neither pioglitazone nor metformin displayed a significant effect on circulating visfatin concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite improvements in insulin sensitivity and glycemic regulation, either pioglitazone or metformin treatment did not result in any effect on blood visfatin levels in patients with treatment naïve T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Gulhane School of Medicine, GATA Ic Hastaliklari B.D., Etlik 06018, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erdem
authors.forename: Teoman
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dogru
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tasci
authors.forename: Ergun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bozoglu
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Muhsiroglu
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tapan
authors.forename: Cemal Nuri
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Ercin
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sonmez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood*; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008687:Metformin; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones