title: Systemic targeting of CpG-ODN to the tumor microenvironment with anti-neu-CpG hybrid molecule and T regulatory cell depletion induces memory responses in BALB-neuT tolerant mice.
abstract: We have shown that neu transgenic mice are immunotolerant and that immunizations with dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with neu-derived antigens were not able to control tumor growth in these animals. We tested whether, by modulating the tumor microenvironment with Toll-like receptor ligands, it could be possible to induce the activation of antitumor responses in neu mice. Our results indicate that only intratumoral (i.t.) injections of CpG-ODN induce an antitumor response in neu mice. To target the CpG-ODN to the tumor site anywhere within the body, we chemically conjugated an anti-Her-2/neu monoclonal antibody (mAb) with CpG-ODN. The anti-neu-CpG hybrid molecule retained its ability to bind to Her-2/neu(+) tumors, activate DCs, and induce antitumor responses. Our results indicated that injections of anti-neu-CpG induced the rejection of primary tumors in 100% of BALB/c mice and only in approximately 30% of BALB-neuT mice. After challenging the BALB/c and BALB-neuT mice, we observed that BALB/c mice developed a protective memory response; in contrast, BALB-neuT mice succumbed to the challenge. After injections of anti-neu-CpG, T regulatory cells (T-reg) were drastically reduced at the tumor site, but a large number were still present in the lymphoid organs. When BALB-neuT mice were treated with anti-neu-CpG plus anti-GITR mAb, but not with anti-CD25 mAb, 100% of the BALB-neuT mice rejected the primary tumor and developed a protective memory response indicating the critical role of T-regs in regulating the repertoire against self antigens. Taken together, these results indicate that CpG-ODN-targeted therapy and depletion of T-regs optimally activate a primary response and generate a protective memory response against self-tumor antigens.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, USA.
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Ana Lucia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dominguez
authors.forename: Soraya Zorro
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Manrique
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: Shimon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lustgarten
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; C524056:Erbb2 protein, mouse
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