title: Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Solanum fastigiatum (false "Jurubeba") against paracetamol-induced liver damage in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Solanum fastigiatum is a medicinal plant widely distributed in the south of Brazil and has been used mainly to treat hepatitis, spleen disorders, uterine tumors, irritable bowel syndrome and chronic gastritis. The present research was aimed to evaluate the potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extracts of leaves using in vitro and in vivo models to validate the folkloric use of the plant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antioxidant activity was evaluated by different assays, including thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), total antioxidant, 2,2-diphenlyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and metal ion-chelating activities. The hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous extracts was studied on mice liver damage induced by paracetamol (250mg/kg) by monitoring biochemical parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The extract showed inhibition against TBARS, induced by 10microM FeSO(4) and 5microM sodium nitroprusside in rat liver, brain and phospholipid homogenates from egg yolk. The plant exhibited strong antioxidant activity in the DPPH (IC(50), 68.96+/-1.25microg/ml) assay. The aqueous extract also showed significant hepatoprotective activity that was evident by enzymatic examination and brought back the altered levels of TBARS, non-protein thiol and ascorbic acid to near the normal levels in a dose dependent manner. Acute toxicity studies revealed that the LD(50) value of the extract is more than the dose 4g/kg body weight of mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that this plant possesses potential antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties and has therapeutic potential for the treatment of liver diseases.
authors.affiliation: University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Faculty of Agriculture Rawalakot, 12350 A.K., Pakistan. mubashersabir@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sabir
authors.forename: J B T
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D001938:Brazil; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D000082:Acetaminophen