title: COX-2 expression correlates with survival in patients with osteosarcoma lung metastases.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a correlation exists between tumor cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression and disease-specific survival in patients with osteosarcoma lung metastases. Thirty-six patients diagnosed with osteosarcoma lung metastases between the years 1990 and 2001 were included in this retrospective study. The majority of the patients (72%) presented newly -diagnosed osteosarcoma lung metastases whereas the remaining patients (28%) presented recurrent disease. Clinicopathologic parameters were obtained from patients' clinical records. Tissue samples were obtained at the time of resection of the lung metastases and stained for COX-2 using immunohistochemistry. Samples were graded according to the intensity of COX-2 staining (grade 0: negative, grade 1: very weak, grade 2: weak, grade 3: moderate, and grade 4: strong). COX-2 staining was correlated with disease-specific survival and clinicopathologic parameters using the Jonckheere-Terpstra and the Kruskal-Wallis tests. All patients with grade 3 or 4 COX-2 expression died of osteosarcoma lung metastases. Ten percent of patients with grade 2 COX-2 expression and 29% of patients with grade 1 expression were alive and free of disease at the last follow-up. By contrast, 60% of the patients with grade 0 COX-2 expression were alive and free of disease at the last follow-up. No association between COX-2 expression and clinicopathologic parameters was found. However, COX-2 expression correlated inversely with disease-specific survival in patients with osteosarcoma lung metastases. Our data indicate that COX-2 expression in metastatic osteosarcoma may have prognostic significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Cancer Hospital, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. nrodrigu@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Nidra I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: William Keith
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Hoots
authors.forename: Nadezhda V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Koshkina
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Morales-Arias
authors.forename: Carola A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Arndt
authors.forename: Carrie Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Inwards
authors.forename: Douglas S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Mark F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Munsell
authors.forename: Eugenie S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kleinerman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000032:analysis*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000201:enzymology; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D002945:Cisplatin; D008727:Methotrexate
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