title: The AtrbohD-mediated oxidative burst elicited by oligogalacturonides in Arabidopsis is dispensable for the activation of defense responses effective against Botrytis cinerea.
abstract: Oligogalacturonides (OGs) are endogenous elicitors of defense responses released after partial degradation of pectin in the plant cell wall. We have previously shown that, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), OGs induce the expression of PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT3 (PAD3) and increase resistance to the necrotrophic fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea independently of signaling pathways mediated by jasmonate, salicylic acid, and ethylene. Here, we illustrate that the rapid induction of the expression of a variety of genes by OGs is also independent of salicylic acid, ethylene, and jasmonate. OGs elicit a robust extracellular oxidative burst that is generated by the NADPH oxidase AtrbohD. This burst is not required for the expression of OG-responsive genes or for OG-induced resistance to B. cinerea, whereas callose accumulation requires a functional AtrbohD. OG-induced resistance to B. cinerea is also unaffected in powdery mildew resistant4, despite the fact that callose accumulation was almost abolished in this mutant. These results indicate that the OG-induced oxidative burst is not required for the activation of defense responses effective against B. cinerea, leaving open the question of the role of reactive oxygen species in elicitor-mediated defense.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale, Università di Roma La Sapienza, 5-00185 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Galletti
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Denoux
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gambetta
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dewdney
authors.forename: Frederick M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ausubel
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Lorenzo
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrari
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D020171:Botrytis / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins; D016897:Respiratory Burst; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000099188:Alternative Oxidase
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005030:Ethylenes; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D054883:Oxylipins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D020156:Salicylic Acid; D000099188:Alternative Oxidase; C007819:galacturonic acid; C011006:jasmonic acid; C036216:ethylene
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