title: Esthesioneuroblastoma: The Princess Margaret Hospital experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Esthesioneuroblastoma is rare. The aim of the study was to review our experience and to evaluate the staging system and treatment that best correlates with the patient outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine patients were identified between 1972 and 2006.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At presentation 10% had cervical metastases. None had distant metastasis. Five were treated with surgery, 2 with chemotherapy, 1 with radiotherapy, and 30 with surgery and radiation. Local disease control was 82.6% at 5 years. Recurrence was seen in 33% with local and regional disease recurrence at 15% and 18%, respectively. The 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 87.9% and 69.2%, respectively. Dulguerov classification correlated most closely to survival and recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dulguerov classification best correlates with the patient's outcome. A combined approach is the preferred treatment. It makes no difference whether radiotherapy is given pre or postsurgical resection. Recurrence can occur even 15 years after treatment. Therefore, long-term follow-up is essential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bachar
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Asheesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: Jolie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ringash
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pond
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gullane
authors.forename: Bayardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perez-Ordonez
authors.forename: Ralph W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Dale H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gentili
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Irish
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D037981:Neck Dissection; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009864:Ontario; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome