title: Dynamic thermoregulation of the sample in flow cytometry.
abstract: Fine control of temperature is an important capability for any analytical platform. A circulating water bath has been the traditional means of maintaining constant temperature in the sample chamber of a flow cytometer, but this approach does not permit rapid changes in sample temperature. This unit explains the use of Peltier modules for regulation of sample temperature. The heat pumping generated by the passage of current through properly matched semiconductors, known as the Peltier effect, makes it possible for these thermoelectric modules to both heat and cool. The authors describe the construction of a Peltier module based thermoregulation unit in step-by-step detail and present a demonstration of flow cytometry measurements as a function of temperature.
authors.affiliation: Los Alamos National Laboratories, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA.
authors.forename: Steven W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Graves
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Habbersett
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Nolan
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012996:Solutions; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012996:Solutions