title: Intra-arterial tirofiban infusion for thromboembolism during endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thromboembolism is one of the most common and serious complications associated with the endovascular embolization of intracranial aneurysms. We report our clinical experiences with intra-arterial tirofiban infusion during aneurysm embolization.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical, radiological, and laboratory data of 24 patients harboring 25 aneurysms (25 procedures) who underwent intra-arterial tirofiban infusion for thromboembolism during the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms were reviewed retrospectively. Thrombi or emboli were resolved by superselective intra-arterial tirofiban infusion via a microcatheter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study cohort comprised 14 unruptured and 11 ruptured aneurysms. Intra-arterially infused tirofiban doses ranged from 0.2 to 1.0 mg (mean +/- standard deviation, 0.64 +/- 0.25 mg). Thromboemboli were resolved, and arteries were recanalized on all occasions except one: a case of distal middle cerebral artery embolism. No hemorrhagic complications related to intra-arterial tirofiban infusion occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intra-arterial tirofiban delivery appears to be a safe and effective treatment modality when thromboembolism is encountered during the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Bae Ju
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Hong Gee
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Hyuk Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jeong Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Moon Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial / Q000379:methods*; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D000077466:Tirofiban; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D014443:Tyrosine; D000077466:Tirofiban