title: Regional anesthesia in anesthetized or heavily sedated patients.
abstract: The American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine (ASRA) Practice Advisory on Neurologic Complications in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine includes an evidence- and expert opinion-based section on performing procedures on anesthetized or heavily sedated patients. This practice advisory is based on existing scientific literature, pathophysiological principles, and expert opinion. The advisory panel examined the ability of anesthetized or heavily sedated patients to recognize and report intravascular injection of local anesthetic or impending neurologic injury. The advisory panel also considered whether or not the ability to recognize and report symptoms could actually affect the occurrence of nerve injury or local anesthetic systemic toxicity. The advisory contains recommendations pertaining to both adult and pediatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98101-2756, USA. chrisb@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bernards
authors.forename: Admir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hadzic
authors.forename: Santhanam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suresh
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Neal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000506:poisoning*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local