title: Macleaya cordata extract and Sangrovit genotoxicity. Assessment in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sanguinarine (SG) has been reported to form DNA adducts in vitro and increase the levels of DNA single strand breaks in the blood and bone marrow of mice treated intraperitoneally with SG. Recently, we showed no genotoxic effects of orally administrated 120 mg/kg feed Macleaya cordata extract (a mixture of sanguinarine and chelerythrine) in pigs or rats in 90-day studies. The goal of this paper was to assess the possible genotoxicity of M. cordata extract when included as a dietary admixture to rodents at concentrations providing 600 mg/kg feed and 100, 7000 or 14000 mg/kg feed Sangrovit (natural feed additive containing M. cordata extract and powdered M. cordata) in a 90-day pilot study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rats consumed ad libitum either the standard diet or the diets containing 367 ppm of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in M. cordata extract, and 5, 330, or 660 ppm of total alkaloids in Sangrovit for 90 days. The DNA adducts formation in liver was analyzed by (32)P-postlabeling technique and DNA single strand breaks in lymphocytes were evaluated by Comet assay. The results showed that M. cordata extract and/or Sangrovit induced no DNA damage to rat lymphocytes or hepatocytes after 90-days oral administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data from the studies described in this paper and the fact that Sangrovit given to the rats in our experiments were higher than the recommended dose (50 to 100 mg/kg feed), argue strongly in favour of the use of Sangrovit in live stock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stiborova
authors.forename: Jitka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vostalova
authors.forename: Adela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zdarilova
authors.forename: Jitka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ulrichova
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hudecek
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tschirner
authors.forename: Vilim
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Simanek
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000633:toxicity*; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000187:drug effects*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000633:toxicity*; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D028101:Papaveraceae / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D018736:DNA Adducts; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D007546:Isoquinolines; D010936:Plant Extracts; C005705:sanguinarine; C016299:chelerythrine