title: The relationship between surgical factors and margin status after breast-conservation surgery for early stage breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study's aim was to identify technical factors that are predictive of negative margins after breast-conserving surgery (BCS).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective, cohort study of patients who underwent BCS for early-stage cancer from 2000 to 2002. Pathological and specific surgical factors were compared with margin status. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred eighty-nine cases were reviewed. The positive margin rate after the initial surgery was 26%. In univariate analysis, lobular histology, size, grade, multifocality, and the presence of EIC and LVI were associated with positive margins (P < .05). The absence of cavity margin dissection and specimen orientation labeling, the absence of a confirmed diagnosis, and smaller volumes of excision were also associated with positive margins (P < .05). In multivariate analysis, confirmed diagnosis, small tumor size, ductal histology, absence of LVI and multifocality, palpability, cavity margin dissection, and larger volumes of excision were predictors of negative margins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that specific surgical factors are predictive of margin status. Both tumor and technical factors should be considered when planning BCS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton Health Sciences, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. lovricsp@mcmaster.ca
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lovrics
authors.forename: Sylvie D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Cornacchi
authors.forename: Forough
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farrokhyar
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garnett
authors.forename: Vicky
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Slobodan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franic
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simunovic
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies