title: Alcohol increases homocysteine and reduces B vitamin concentration in healthy male volunteers--a randomized, crossover intervention study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have examined the effect of alcohol consumption on total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of an 8-week intervention with vodka or red wine on plasma tHcy and B vitamin concentrations in healthy male volunteers. To assess the effect on tHcy according to methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T genotype.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled crossover intervention study measuring tHcy and serum folate and vitamin B(12) concentrations was conducted in 78 male subjects (21-70 years). Following a 2-week washout period during which no alcohol was consumed, all subjects consumed 24 g alcohol (either 240 ml red wine or 80 ml vodka)/day for a 2-week period. Following a further 2-week washout, participants consumed the alternate intervention for 2 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant increase in plasma tHcy was observed after the 2-week red wine intervention (5%, P = 0.03), and a non-significant increase in tHcy with vodka intervention (3%, P = 0.09). When the two interventions were compared, the change in tHcy did not differ between the vodka and red wine interventions (P = 0.57). There were significant decreases in serum vitamin B(12) and folate concentrations, and this decrease did not differ between interventions. The increase in tHcy observed in both interventions did not vary by MTHFR 677C>T genotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 2-week alcohol intervention resulted in a decrease in folate and vitamin B(12) status and an increase in plasma tHcy. The effect of alcohol intervention on tHcy, folate and vitamin B(12) concentrations did not differ between the red wine and vodka intervention groups.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical and Population Science, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Woodside
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Sharpe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mercer
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: McKinley
authors.forename: L A J
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kluijtmans
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Whitehead
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000378:metabolism*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005838:Genotype; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006710:Homocysteine; D005492:Folic Acid; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D014805:Vitamin B 12
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