title: Comparison of the adjuvanticity of aluminum salts and their combination in hepatitis B recombinant protein vaccine in assessed mice.
abstract: Several adjuvants have been evaluated for vaccine formulations but aluminum salts will continue to be used for many years due to their safety, low cost and adjuvanticity with different antigens. Two commonly used aluminum adjuvants, aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate have different adjuvanticity properties. Commercial recombinant protein hepatitis B vaccines containing aluminum hydroxide is facing low induction of immunity in some sections of the vaccinated population.
  
  
  
  In this study, to follow the current global efforts in finding more potent hepatitis B vaccine formulations, adjuvanticity of aluminum phosphate, aluminum hydroxide and their combinations has been evaluated.
  
  
  
  The formulated vaccines were administered intra-peritoneally (i.p.) to BALB/c mice and the titer of antibody was determined after 28 days using ELISA technique. The geometric mean of antibody titer (GMT, mIU/ml), seroconversion and seroprotection rates, ED50 (ng) and relative potency (microg/dose) of different formulations were determined.
  
  
  
  GMT of antibody titer, seroconversion and seroprotection rates showed significantly higher adjuvanticity for aluminum phosphate than other formulations. The ED50 of aluminum phosphate was approximately two fold less than other formulations.
  
  
  
  Aluminum phosphate showed more adjuvanticity than aluminum hydroxide and their combinations in hepatitis B protein vaccine. The use of aluminum phosphate as adjuvant leads to higher immunity which may result in more protective response in vaccinated groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahboubi
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Fazeli
authors.forename: Rasoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dinarvand
authors.forename: Nasrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Samadi
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharifzadeh
authors.forename: Houshmand
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ilka
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azadi
authors.forename: Roya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soleimanian
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kalkouei
authors.forename: Rasoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hajikhanmirzaei
authors.forename: Mahboubeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valadkhani
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010710:Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D012698:Serologic Tests
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D010710:Phosphates; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; C012714:aluminum phosphate