title: Immunohistochemical detection of oxidative stress biomarkers, dityrosine and N(epsilon)-(hexanoyl)lysine, and C-reactive protein in rabbit atherosclerotic lesions.
abstract: Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that C-reactive protein (CRP) is associated with oxidative stress; however, the precise co-localization between CRP and oxidative stress markers in atherosclerotic lesions is not fully established. In this study, we focused on two oxidative stress markers, dityrosine (DY) and N(epsilon)-(hexanoyl)lysine (HEL), which had not previously been investigated in relation to CRP in atherosclerotic lesions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the production and localization of DY, HEL, and CRP in early-stage and moderately progressed fatty lesions of cholesterol-fed rabbits by immunohistochemistry using specific monoclonal antibodies to examine the co-localization between CRP and oxidative stress in atherosclerotic lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbit atherosclerotic specimens were obtained from New Zealand White rabbits fed a diet containing 1.0% cholesterol for 12 weeks. All specimens were fixed in formalin for histological examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CRP-positive cells in rabbit early-stage and moderately progressed fatty lesions were detected mostly in the macrophage-derived foam cell-rich areas. Both DY and HEL were also detected in foam cell-rich areas in both lesions, where they were primarily co-localized with CRP-positive cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the generation of oxidative stress markers, DY and HEL, may be mediated by CRP in atherosclerotic lesions, and that CRP may be associated with oxidative stress in rabbit atherosclerotic lesions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition & Health, School and Graduate School of Life Studies, Sugiyama Jogakuen University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuchi
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nabeno
authors.forename: Yoji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osawa
authors.forename: Michitaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011817:Rabbits; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C120589:N(epsilon)-hexanoyllysine; D014443:Tyrosine; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; C007543:dityrosine; D008239:Lysine