title: Distinct interactions of human beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptors with isoproterenol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine.
abstract: Fluorescence studies with purified human beta(2)-adrenoceptor (beta(2)AR) revealed that the endogenous catecholamines, (-)-epinephrine (EPI), (-)-norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DOP), stabilize distinct active receptor conformations. However, the functional relevance of these ligand-specific conformations is as yet poorly understood. We addressed this question by studying fusion proteins of the beta(1)-adrenoceptor (beta(1)AR) and beta(2)AR with the short and long splice variants of G(s)alpha (G(s)alpha(S) and G(s)alpha(L)), respectively. Fusion proteins ensure efficient receptor/G-protein coupling and defined stoichiometry of the coupling partners. EPI, NE, DOP, and the prototypical synthetic betaAR agonist, (-)-isoproterenol (ISO), showed marked differences in their efficacies at stabilizing the high-affinity ternary complex at beta(1)AR-G(s)alpha and beta(2)AR-G(s)alpha fusion proteins. Ternary complex formation was more sensitive to disruption by GTP with the beta(2)AR than with the beta(1)AR. Generally, in steady-state GTPase assays, ISO, EPI, and NE were full agonists, and DOP was a partial agonist. Exceptionally, at beta(1)AR-G(s)alpha(L), NE was only a partial agonist. Generally, in adenylyl cyclase assays, ISO, EPI, and NE were full agonists, and DOP was a partial agonist. At beta(2)AR-G(s)alpha(L), NE was only a partial agonist. There was no correlation between efficacy at stabilizing the ternary complex and activating GTPase, and there were also dissociations between K(i) values for high-affinity agonist binding and EC(50) values for GTPase activation. In contrast to synthetic partial agonists, DOP did not exhibit increased efficacy at betaAR-G(s)alpha(L) versus betaAR-G(s)alpha(S) fusion proteins. In conclusion, our data with betaAR-G(s)alpha fusion proteins show that endogenous catecholamines and ISO stabilize distinct conformations in the beta(1)AR and beta(2)AR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weitl
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seifert
mesh_terms: D058665:Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Agonists; D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004298:Dopamine; D004837:Epinephrine; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009638:Norepinephrine; D011487:Protein Conformation / Q000187:drug effects; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins
chemical_list: D058665:Adrenergic beta-1 Receptor Agonists; D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D002395:Catecholamines; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D007545:Isoproterenol; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine