title: High-affinity Na+/K+-dependent glutamate transporter EAAT4 is expressed throughout the rat fore- and midbrain.
abstract: Excitatory amino acid transporter 4 (EAAT4), a member of the high-affinity Na+/K+-dependent glutamate transporter family, is highly enriched in Purkinje cells of the cerebellum, although it is not restricted to these cells. The detailed expression of EAAT4 protein in different adult rat fore- and midbrain regions was examined. Despite moderate expression levels compared with the cerebellum, EAAT4 protein was omnipresent throughout the fore- and midbrain. With antibodies raised against the N-terminal mouse EAAT4 sequence, the highest protein expression levels were observed in the substantia nigra pars compacta, ventral tegmental area, paranigral nucleus, habenulo-interpeduncular system, supraoptic nucleus, lateral posterior thalamic nucleus, subiculum, and superficial layers of the superior colliculus. Relatively high levels of EAAT4 protein were also detected in the hippocampal principal cells, in the glutamatergic, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic, dopaminergic and most likely cholinergic cells of all nuclei of the basal ganglia, and in neurons of layers II/III and V of the cerebral cortex. The expression of EAAT4 was confirmed at the mRNA level in some important fore- and midbrain structures by in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and estimated to range from 6.7 to 1.6% of the amount in the cerebellum as measured by real-time PCR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Analysis, Research Group of Experimental Pharmacology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Massie
authors.forename: Lieselotte
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cnops
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smolders
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McCullumsmith
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kooijman
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Lutgarde
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arckens
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Michotte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050581:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D050581:Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 4; C493389:Slc1a6 protein, rat