The presence of endogenous morphine signaling in animals.
Recent empirical findings have contributed valuable mechanistic information in support of a regulated de novo biosynthetic pathway for chemically authentic morphine and related morphinan alkaloids within animal cells. Importantly, we and others have established that endogenously expressed morphine represents a key regulatory molecule effecting local circuit autocrine/paracrine cellular signaling via a novel mu(3) opiate receptor coupled to constitutive nitric oxide production and release. The present report provides an integrated review of the biochemical, pharmacological, and molecular demonstration of mu(3) opiate receptors in historical linkage to the elucidation of mechanisms of endogenous morphine production by animal cells and organ systems. Ongoing research in this exciting area provides a rare window of opportunity to firmly establish essential biochemical linkages between dopamine, a morphine precursor, and animal biosynthetic pathways involved in morphine biosynthesis that have been conserved throughout evolution.
Stefano
George B
GB
Neuroscience Research Institute, State University of New York-College at Old Westbury, P.O. Box 210, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA. gstefano@sunynri.org
Cadet
Patrick
P
Kream
Richard M
RM
Zhu
Wei
W
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009020:Morphine / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009020:Morphine
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 1999 Dec 10;74(1-2):242-6
10640698
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2002 Feb 28;99(1):26-33
11869805
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1987 Aug;242(2):583-7
3497260
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1989 Nov;251(2):461-8
2553920
Cell Signal. 1999 Mar;11(3):189-93
10353693
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2001 Jan 31;86(1-2):184-8
11165385
Endothelium. 2000;7(3):185-91
10912912
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2000 May 5;77(2):267-9
10837921
Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Aug 16;201(1):121-2
1665419
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2005 Apr;26(2):89-97
15855878
J Biol Chem. 2002 Sep 13;277(37):33711-9
12093814
J Neurosci Res. 1997 Nov 1;50(3):450-6
9364330
Nature. 1977 Jun 9;267(5611):495-9
195217
Med Sci Monit. 2004 Jun;10(6):MS1-5
15173678
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jun 14;102(24):8495-500
15937106
Adv Neuroimmunol. 1994;4(2):57-67
7952829
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2005 Jul;5(7):893-906
16018736
Med Sci Monit. 2004 Dec;10(12):BR433-9
15567973
Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Apr 1;255(1-3):33-7
8026553
Med Sci Monit. 2005 May;11(5):MS1-5
15874894
Life Sci. 1993;53(1):PL1-5
7685846
J Immunol. 2005 Dec 1;175(11):7357-62
16301642
Med Sci Monit. 2004 Oct;10(10):BR351-5
15448587
Brain Res. 1994 Dec 26;667(2):229-37
7697360
Peptides. 1990 Mar-Apr;11(2):311-31
2162533
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Aug 28;249(3):838-43
9731223
Med Sci Monit. 2006 Oct;12(10):RA207-19
17006413
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998 Jun;31(6):862-8
9641470
Life Sci. 1987 Jan 19;40(3):301-6
3796227
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Oct 22;129(1-2):117-23
15469888
Trends Neurosci. 2000 Sep;23(9):436-42
10941194
J Immunol. 2007 Nov 1;179(9):5839-44
17947657
J Immunol. 2003 May 15;170(10):5118-23
12734358
Med Sci Monit. 2007 Aug;13(8):BR163-7
17660719
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Oct 1;89(19):9316-20
1329092
J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 24;281(12):8082-9
16434406
Immunopharmacology. 1992 Jan-Feb;23(1):57-61
1314788
J Immunol. 1994 Jun 15;152(12):5845-52
8207211
Neuropharmacology. 1994 Feb;33(2):189-92
7518573
Brain Res. 1997 Jul 18;763(1):63-8
9272829
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2002 Apr;96(3):309-16
12061977
Med Sci Monit. 2001 Nov-Dec;7(6):1123-8
11687719
J Immunol. 1995 Feb 1;154(3):1323-30
7822801
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1993 Mar;14(3):84-6
8387705
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998 Jun;31(6):813-20
9641464
Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1998 Sep;19(5):403-7
10375796
Gen Pharmacol. 1997 Jul;29(1):39-47
9195191
Int J Mol Med. 2001 Apr;7(4):419-22
11254885
J Biol Chem. 1995 Dec 22;270(51):30290-3
8530450
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9784-8
3467337
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006 Feb-Apr;27(1-2):21-33
16648819
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Jun;73(6):2132-6
1064881
Int J Mol Med. 2003 Oct;12(4):485-92
12964024
Life Sci. 1993;52(23):PL255-60
8502118
Med Sci Monit. 2007 Dec;13(12):SC5-6
18049446
Med Sci Monit. 2006 Sep;12(9):HY21-31
16940938
Int J Cardiol. 1998 Apr 30;64 Suppl 1:S61-6
9687094
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002 Aug;23(4):329-34
12195236
Life Sci. 1994;54(11):695-702
8107518
Biochem Pharmacol. 1986 Feb 1;35(3):361-4
3004499
Semin Cancer Biol. 2008 Jun;18(3):190-8
18191410
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Sep 28;101(39):14091-6
15383669
Med Sci Monit. 2004 Jun;10(6):MS6-17
15173679
Ann Thorac Surg. 1997 Apr;63(4):1063-9
9124906
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(12):4566-7
3459191
J Neurochem. 1998 Jan;70(1):147-52
9422357
J Infect Dis. 1983 Oct;148(4):656-66
6355311
Crit Rev Immunol. 1996;16(2):109-44
8879941
Int J Cardiol. 1997 Dec 19;62(3):191-7
9476677
Biochemistry. 2001 Nov 27;40(47):14215-23
11714275
Med Sci Monit. 2005 May;11(5):MS31-34
15874897
J Neuroimmunol. 1993 Sep;47(2):189-97
8370770
Med Sci Monit. 2005 Nov;11(11):BR397-404
16258388
Brain Res. 1996 May 25;722(1-2):125-31
8813357
Life Sci. 1997;60(3):237-43
9000648
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1984 Jul 18;122(1):265-9
6331446
Brain Res. 1995 Jul 24;686(2):239-48
7583289
J Neuroimmunol. 1998 Mar 15;83(1-2):70-6
9610675
Int J Mol Med. 2001 Aug;8(2):165-9
11445868
Science. 1978 Jan 27;199(4327):447-8
339350
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Feb;85(4):1267-71
3422490
Med Sci Monit. 2008 Jun;14(6):CS45-49
18509280
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(15):5203-7
3860854
Brain Res. 1998 Apr 20;790(1-2):236-44
9593913
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2000 Sep 30;81(1-2):177-80
11000489
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6181-5
6273857
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Mar;82(6):1852-4
3920656
Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1996 Mar;113(3):369-73
8697194
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Mar;55(1 Pt 2):279-88
15082884
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2002 Feb;23(1):21-6
11880858
Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Feb 6;273(3):R5-6
7737324
NIDA Res Monogr. 1990;105:96-102
1652096
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2001 Mar 31;88(1-2):155-60
11295241
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1991 May;257(2):647-50
2033511
J Parasitol. 2004 Feb;90(1):15-22
15040662
Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2003 Sep 10;117(1):83-90
14499484
J Immunol. 2000 Jul 1;165(1):339-43
10861070
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Dec 1;90(23):11099-103
8248214
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Sep 13;91(19):9180-4
8090788
Brain Res. 1993 Nov 12;627(2):210-5
8298964
Semin Cancer Biol. 2008 Jun;18(3):199-210
18203618
Med Sci Monit. 2007 Jun;13(6):RA91-102
17534245
Neurosci Lett. 2000 Oct 27;293(2):135-8
11027852
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2004 Oct;25(5):323-30
15580165
Adv Neuroimmunol. 1994;4(2):83-92
7952831