Pharmacokinetics of new 625 mg nelfinavir formulation during pregnancy and postpartum.
OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir (NFV) (625 mg tablets) 1250 mg twice daily during pregnancy and postpartum.


METHODS
The participants were HIV-1-infected pregnant women enrolled in P1026s and receiving NFV (625 mg tablets) 1250 mg twice daily as part of routine clinical care. Intensive steady-state 12-h NFV pharmacokinetic profiles were performed during pregnancy and postpartum. The target NFV area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-12)) was >or=10th percentile NFV AUC(0-12) in non-pregnant historical controls (18.5 microg h/mL).


RESULTS
Of 27 patients receiving NFV, pharmacokinetic data were available for four (second trimester), 27 (third trimester) and 22 (postpartum) patients. The NFV maximum concentration (C(max)), 12-h post-dose concentration (C(12)) and AUC(0-12) were significantly lower during the third trimester compared to postpartum (P<or=0.03). The metabolite hydroxyl-tert-butylamide (M8) AUC(0-12) and the M8/NFV AUC ratio were lower during the third trimester compared to postpartum (P<0.01). The NFV AUC(0-12) exceeded the AUC(0-12) target for 15/27 (56%) and 21/22 (95%) of third trimester and postpartum patients, respectively. The minimum concentration (C(min)) was above the suggested minimum trough concentration (0.8 mug/mL) in 15% (third trimester) and 18% (postpartum). The plasma viral load was <400 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL in 81% of patients at delivery.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that higher doses of NFV should be considered during pregnancy.
Read
J S
JS
Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7510, USA. jennifer_read@nih.gov
Best
B M
BM
Stek
A M
AM
Hu
C
C
Capparelli
E V
EV
Holland
D T
DT
Burchett
S K
SK
Smith
M E
ME
Sheeran
E C
EC
Shearer
W T
WT
Febo
I
I
Mirochnick
M
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019888:Nelfinavir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D011645:Puerperal Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D012367:RNA, Viral; D019888:Nelfinavir
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