title: Creatine supplementation does not affect clinical health markers in football players.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of 8-week creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation on blood and urinary clinical health markers in football players.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 football players were randomly assigned in a double-blinded fashion to Cre (n = 7) or Pla (n = 7) group. The Cre group ingested 15 g/day of CrM for 7 days and 3 g/day for the remaining 49 days, whereas the Pla group ingested maltodextrin following the same protocol. Football-specific training was performed during the study. Total body mass was determined and blood and urine samples were analysed for metabolic, hepatic, renal and muscular function markers, before and after supplementation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A gain of total body mass was observed after CrM intake, but not with placebo. Blood and urinary markers remained within normal reference values. There were no significant changes in renal and hepatic markers after CrM intake. However, total creatine kinase (CK) activity significantly increased, and uric acid level tended to decrease after CrM use. Likewise, serum glucose decreased in the Cre group following supplementation. No significant differences in urine parameters were found in either group after supplementation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  8 weeks of CrM supplementation had no negative effects on blood and urinary clinical health markers in football players. Properties of CrM may, however, be associated with an increase in CK activity, improving the efficiency for ATP resynthesis, a phenomenon indirectly confirmed by the decreasing tendency in uric acid concentration. Furthermore, CrM seems to slightly influence glucoregulation in trained subjects.
authors.affiliation: Lic. Biochemistry, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. cohanian@netgate.com.uy
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cancela
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohanian
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cuitiño
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hackney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine; D003401:Creatine