title: Fast projective carotid MR angiography using arterial spin-labeled balanced SSFP.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether pulsed arterial spin-labeled (pulsed ASL) balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) imaging allows for rapid projective depiction of the carotid arteries without electrocardiographic (ECG) gating.
  
  
  METHODS
  The carotid arteries of six volunteers were scanned at 1.5 T using an ASL two-dimensional bSSFP sequence. Three configurations were tested, with and without ECG gating: (a) full field-of-view (FOV) acquisition (scan time=48 s), (b) full-FOV acquisition with parallel acceleration of 2 (24 s), and sequence C (half-FOV acquisition (24 s). Vessel-to-background contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) and vessel lengths were compared between sequence configurations. Vessel caliber measurements were compared with those obtained from three-dimensional time-of-flight (TOF) angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The carotid arteries were seen over extensive lengths with ASL two-dimensional bSSFP. Projected vessel length and vessel-to-background CNR did not differ with ECG gating (P=NS). Nonaccelerated full-FOV and half-FOV scans provided larger apparent vessel-to-background CNR and slightly longer vessel lengths than the parallel-accelerated scans (P<0.01). Carotid diameter measurements were in agreement with those obtained from three-dimensional TOF (intraclass correlation coefficient=0.810; P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  pulsed ASL bSSFP is a fast technique for projective carotid angiography that may not require ECG gating. Acquisition time may be decreased with reduced FOV or parallel imaging strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare, Evanston, Illinois 60201, USA. jkoktzoglou@enh.org
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Koktzoglou
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Edelman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels