title: 11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 reductase activity is dependent on a high ratio of NADPH/NADP(+) and is stimulated by extracellular glucose.
abstract: To assess the impact of the NADPH/NADP(+) ratio and the influence of extracellular glucose on 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11beta-HSD1) activity, we applied microsomal preparations and intact HEK-293 cells expressing 11beta-HSD1 in the presence or absence of hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (H6PDH). A NADPH/NADP(+) ratio of ten or higher was required for efficient microsomal 11beta-HSD1 reductase activity. Measurements in intact cells suggested that the ER-luminal NADPH concentration is highly sensitive to fluctuating extracellular glucose levels. Lowering glucose in the culture medium dose-dependently decreased 11beta-HSD1 reductase activity and diminished the cortisol/cortisone ratio measured after 24h of incubation. Coexpression with H6PDH potentiated 11beta-HSD1 reductase activity at high glucose. This effect was significantly decreased at low glucose, with concomitantly increased 11beta-HSD1 dehydrogenase activity. In contrast, 11beta-HSD1 reductase activity in H4IIE liver cells and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was less sensitive to changes in the medium. 11beta-HSD1 dehydrogenase activity was observed in H4IIE cells only at subphysiological glucose levels, indicating a highly efficient supply of substrate for H6PDH and NADPH generation in the ER-lumen. Our results suggest significant cell type-specific differences in ER-luminal NADPH generation that might allow a fine-tuned regulation of glucocorticoid action.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anna A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Dzyakanchuk
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Balázs
authors.forename: Lyubomir G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Nashev
authors.forename: Kurt E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Amrein
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Odermatt
mesh_terms: D043205:11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D009249:NADP; D043205:11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1; D005947:Glucose