title: The importance of auricular prostheses for speech recognition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of an auricular prosthesis on sound levels at the entrance of the ear canal by measuring the auricular prosthesis transfer function (APTF) and to determine the effect of the prosthesis on speech recognition in noisy hearing conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight prostheses were used to measure the APTF. A microphone at the entrance of the ear canal measured sound pressure levels with the prosthesis present or absent while the head was rotated 360 degrees at 30 degrees increments. The Hearing in Noise Test was modified by the APTF to simulate the absence of an auricular prosthesis. Speech recognition was measured by testing 11 subjects with the unmodified Hearing in Noise Test and the modified Hearing in Noise Test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The APTF changed with the head's position relative to the speaker. The mean (SD) maximal gain provided by an auricular prosthesis was 8.1 (2.7) dB at 4.6 (1.0) kHz and 9.7 (1.7) dB at 11.5 (0.9) kHz at 0 degrees rotation. During speech testing, the auricular prosthesis improved the mean (SD) signal to noise ratio by 1.7 (1.7) dB at 0 degrees (P< .001), 0.9 (2.2) dB at 90 degrees (P=.04), and 0.5 (2.3) dB at 180 degrees (P=.52).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The acoustic gain provided by an auricular prosthesis increases speech recognition in noisy environments. Auricular prostheses not only restore aesthetics but also improve hearing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Searle Bldg, Room 12-569, 303 E Chicago Ave, Chicago, IL 60611-3008, USA.
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dougherty
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Reisberg
authors.forename: Edward L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Applebaum
authors.forename: Chirag
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.forename: Claus-Peter
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Richter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004431:Ear, External; D006801:Humans; D009622:Noise; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*