title: [Digital gigantism of the foot: a clinical study of 12 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the clinical characteristic and outcome of digital gigantism of the foot.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospectively analyze the clinical documents of cases of digital gigantism of the foot. Twelve 12 cases with 13 feet in this study included 8 male and 4 female with an average 4.6-years-old. All the deformities were found at birth. Multiple toes involved were more than single toe, and tibial toe involved more than fibular. Forefoot was enlarged. All the phalanges involved and partial metatarsal bones were enlarged. Marked increase in subcutaneous fat was found in all cases in the operation which infiltrated interossei and articular capsules. The appearance of the nerves and its branches in the foot were normal and fat infiltrating was not discovered. The operation types included debulking, epiphyseal arrest, amputation, nerve stripping and anastomosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven cases were followed up with mean periods 25.6 months. Functional evaluation according to a criterion formulated by author revealed a result of 2 excellent, 2 good and 3 fair.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Digital gigantism of the foot is an uncommon congenital deformity of the foot characterized by overgrowth of both the soft-tissue and the osseous elements of the enlarged toe and forefoot. Surgical treatment is the unique method, and the goal is to reduce the size of the foot to allow fitting regular shoes and walking readily. There are several types of operations which to be chosen. The indication, the timing of operative intervention and the selection of operation type should be paid more attention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hand Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, China.
authors.forename: Hai-hua
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guang-lei
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: You-le
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jun-hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005532:Foot Deformities, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D005545:Forefoot, Human / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014034:Toes / Q000002:abnormalities*; D016896:Treatment Outcome