title: Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale: correlations and incremental validity of a cross-cultural measure developed in Iran and the United States.
abstract: The authors used Iranian (N = 723) and American (N = 900) samples to develop an Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale for measuring a temporally integrated understanding of processes within the self. They administered this new instrument, the Mindfulness Scale (K. W. Brown & R. M. Ryan, 2003), the Reflective and Experiential Self-Knowledge Scales (N. Ghorbani, M. N. Bing, P. J. Watson, H. R. Davison, & D. L. Lebreton, 2003), and additional sample-specific measures to 3 separate groups of university students in each society. The Integrative Self-Knowledge Scale displayed internal reliability and measurement equivalence, along with convergent, criterion, discriminant, and incremental validity. This new instrument may be useful in promoting cross-cultural research in positive psychology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghorbani
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hargis
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001364:Awareness; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D011581:Psychological Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D014481:United States