title: CD138/syndecan-1 and SSEA-1 mark distinct populations of developing ciliary epithelium that are regulated differentially by Wnt signal.
abstract: Ciliary epithelium (CE), which consists of nonpigmented and pigmented layers, develops from the optic vesicle. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CE development have not been closely examined, in part because cell-surface markers suitable for specific labeling of subregions of the retina were unknown. Here, we identified CD138/syndecan-1 and stage specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1) CD15 as cell-surface antigens marking nonpigmented and pigmented CE, respectively. During retinal development, both CD138 and SSEA-1 were expressed in the early stage, and segregation of these markers in the tissue began at around embryonic day (E) 10. As a result, CD138-positive (CD138+) cells were found at the most distal tip of the retina, and SSEA-1+ cells were found in the periphery adjacent to the area of CD138 expression. In vitro characterization of isolated CD138+ or SSEA-1+ cell subpopulations revealed that CD138+ cells lose their retinal progenitor characteristics between E13 and E16, suggesting that they commit to becoming nonpigmented CE cells within this period. By in vivo mouse models, we found that stabilized beta-catenin expanded the area of CD138+ nonpigmented CE and that elimination of beta-catenin inhibited development of nonpigmented CE cells. These findings are the first to use cell-surface markers to ascertain the spatial and temporal transitions that occur in developing CE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koso
authors.forename: Atsumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Mark M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Taketo
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D016256:Lewis X Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D053668:Syndecan-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016256:Lewis X Antigen; D053668:Syndecan-1; D051153:Wnt Proteins