title: Randomized controlled trial of motivational interviewing compared with drug information and advice for early intervention among young cannabis users.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the effectiveness of motivational interviewing (MI) in comparison with drug information and advice in opportunistically securing reductions in drug-related risk among young cannabis users not seeking help.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven London Further Education colleges.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 326 students aged 16-19 years who smoked cannabis weekly or more frequently.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were randomized to a single-session intervention of MI or drug information and advice-giving.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cannabis use, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption and harm outcomes were assessed after both 3 and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were found between MI and drug information and advice, although MI fidelity was not high. There were wide-ranging individual practitioner effects on observed outcomes and a practitioner-intervention interaction was detected in relation to cannabis cessation after 3 months. Change over time was more pronounced for cannabis use than for other drug use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further study of the nature and consequences of MI fidelity, and individual practitioner effects more generally, is needed. Advice may be an effective brief intervention with young cannabis users in its own right and should be evaluated further in trials.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. jim.mccambridge@lshtm.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McCambridge
authors.forename: Renee L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Slym
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D009042:Motivation; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult