title: High prevalence of dementia and cognitive impairment in Indigenous Australians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of dementia and cognitive impairment among older Indigenous Australians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 363 Indigenous Australians aged over 45 years from the Kimberley region in the far north of Western Australia were assessed with the Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment (KICA). All those scoring less than 37 on the KICA and a percentage of those scoring 37 or more were reviewed by specialist clinicians and DSM-IV consensus diagnoses were obtained from two other specialists blinded to KICA results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of dementia was 12.4%, substantially higher than in the Australian general population. The prevalence of cognitive impairment not dementia was 8.0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of dementia among Indigenous Australians is substantially higher than that found in non-Indigenous Australians and all other studied populations.
authors.affiliation: Western Australian Centre for Health and Ageing, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flicker
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Lautenschlager
authors.forename: O P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dwyer
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: LoGiudice
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D044382:Population Groups; D012307:Risk Factors; D014904:Western Australia / Q000453:epidemiology