title: mRNA levels of TLR4 and TLR5 are independent of H pylori.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the presence H pylori or its virulence affect toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and TLR5 mRNA expression levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the in vivo assays, gastric biopsies were obtained from 40 patients and H pylori status was determined. For the in vitro assays, human gastric adenocarcinoma mucosal cells (AGS) were cultured in the presence or absence of twelve selected H pylori strains. H pylori strains isolated from culture-positive patients and selected strains were genotyped for cagA and vacA. The cDNA was obtained from mRNA extracted from biopsies and from infected AGS cells. TLR4 and TLR5 mRNA levels were examined by real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of H pylori did not affect the mRNA levels of TLR4 or TLR5 in gastric biopsies. The mRNA levels of both receptors were not influenced by the vacA status (P > 0.05 for both receptors) and there were no differences in TLR4 or TLR5 mRNA levels among the different clinical presentations/histological findings (P > 0.05). In the in vitro assay, the mRNA levels of TLR4 or TLR5 in AGS cells were not influenced by the vacAs1 status or the clinical condition associated with the strains (P > 0.05 for both TLR4 and TLR5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study show that the mRNA levels of TLR4 and TLR5 in gastric cells, both in vivo and in vitro, are independent of H pylori colonization and suggest that vacA may not be a significant player in the first step of innate immune recognition mediated by TLR4 or TLR5.
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Microbiologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Av. Madero y Dr. Aguirre s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico. elvira_garza_gzz@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garza-González
authors.forename: Virgilio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bocanegra-García
authors.forename: Francisco-Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Bosques-Padilla
authors.forename: Juan-Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Flores-Gutiérrez
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Guillermo-Ignacio
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Perez-Perez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000235:genetics*; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; C495346:TLR5 protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2003 Jun;71(6):3496-502
references.pmid: 12761134
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2001 Apr;107(7):767-73
references.pmid: 11285290
references.citation: Cancer. 1999 Jun 15;85(12):2506-11
references.pmid: 10375095
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2003 Mar 1;187(5):829-36
references.pmid: 12599057
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2003 Aug 29;278(35):32552-60
references.pmid: 12807870
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2004 Nov;72(11):6446-54
references.pmid: 15501775
references.citation: Science. 2000 Feb 25;287(5457):1497-500
references.pmid: 10688800
references.citation: Int J Med Microbiol. 2005 Jun;295(3):179-85
references.pmid: 16044857
references.citation: Helicobacter. 2005;10 Suppl 1:14-20
references.pmid: 16178966
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Jun;136(3):521-6
references.pmid: 15147355
references.citation: J Biomol Tech. 2004 Sep;15(3):155-66
references.pmid: 15331581
references.citation: Mol Immunol. 2005 May;42(8):879-85
references.pmid: 15829277
references.citation: J Mol Endocrinol. 2000 Oct;25(2):169-93
references.pmid: 11013345
references.citation: Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2000 Dec;29(4):879-84
references.pmid: 11190072
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1995 Jul 28;270(30):17771-7
references.pmid: 7629077