title: CsPLDalpha1 and CsPLDgamma1 are differentially induced during leaf and fruit abscission and diurnally regulated in Citrus sinensis.
abstract: Understanding leaf and fruit abscission is essential in order to develop strategies for controlling the process in fruit crops. Mechanisms involved in signalling leaf and fruit abscission upon induction by abscission agents were investigated in Citrus sinensis cv. 'Valencia'. Previous studies have suggested a role for phospholipid signalling; hence, two phospholipase D cDNA sequences, CsPLDalpha1 and CsPLDgamma1, were isolated and their role was examined. CsPLDalpha1 expression was reduced in leaves but unaltered in fruit peel tissue treated with an ethylene-releasing compound (ethephon), or a fruit-specific abscission agent, 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazole (CMNP). By contrast, CsPLDgamma1 expression was up-regulated within 6 h (leaves) and 24 h (fruit peel) after treatment with ethephon or CMNP, respectively. CsPLDalpha1 expression was diurnally regulated in leaf blade but not fruit peel. CsPLDgamma1 exhibited strong diurnal oscillation in expression in leaves and fruit peel with peak expression around midday. While diurnal fluctuation in CsPLDalpha1 expression appeared to be light-entrained in leaves, CsPLDgamma1 expression was regulated by light and the circadian clock. The diurnal expression of both genes was modulated by ethylene-signalling. The ethephon-induced leaf abscission and the ethephon- and CMNP-induced decrease in fruit detachment force were enhanced by application during rising diurnal expression of CsPLDgamma1. The results indicate differential regulation of CsPLDalpha1 and CsPLDgamma1 in leaves and fruit, and suggest possible roles for PLD-dependent signalling in regulating abscission responses in citrus.
authors.affiliation: University of Florida/IFAS, Horticultural Sciences Department, Citrus Research and Education Center, 700 Experiment Station Road, Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA.
authors.forename: Anish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malladi
authors.forename: Jacqueline K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Burns
mesh_terms: D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism; D005638:Fruit / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000528:radiation effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000528:radiation effects; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D005030:Ethylenes; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; C036216:ethylene; D010739:Phospholipase D; C005073:ethephon
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