title: Intakes of fruit, vegetables, and specific botanical groups in relation to lung cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study.
abstract: Increased fruit and vegetable consumption may protect against lung cancer, although epidemiologic findings are inconclusive. The authors prospectively examined associations between lung cancer risk and intakes of fruit, vegetables, and botanical subgroups in 472,081 participants aged 50-71 years in the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP Diet and Health Study. Diet was assessed at baseline (1995-1996) with a 124-item dietary questionnaire. A total of 6,035 incident lung cancer cases were identified between 1995 and 2003. Total fruit and vegetable intake was unrelated to lung cancer risk in both men and women. Higher consumption of several botanical subgroups, however, was significantly inversely associated with risk, but only in men. For example, the relative risks of lung cancer among men in the highest versus lowest quintiles of intake of rosaceae, convolvulaceae, and umbelliferae were 0.82 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73, 0.91), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.96), and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.78, 0.96), respectively; corresponding relative risks in women were 0.97 (95% CI: 0.85, 1.12), 0.95 (95% CI: 0.83, 1.09), and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.80, 1.06). These results provide support for a protective role of specific botanical subgroups of fruits and vegetables in lung cancer prevention in men, although the findings could also be due to residual confounding by smoking or chance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology (MC 847), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 South Wood Street, Room 130, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. mewright@uic.edu
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Yikyung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Amy F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Subar
authors.forename: Neal D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Freedman
authors.forename: Demetrius
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albanes
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hollenbeck
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Leitzmann
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schatzkin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004032:Diet; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D012306:Risk; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014675:Vegetables
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Aug 1;146(3):231-43
references.pmid: 9247007
references.citation: J Nutr. 1998 Sep;128(9):1450-7
references.pmid: 9732304
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Sep;78(3 Suppl):559S-569S
references.pmid: 12936950
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Nov 3;96(21):1564-5
references.pmid: 15523078
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jan;81(1 Suppl):317S-325S
references.pmid: 15640497
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2003 Jul 1;158(1):1-13
references.pmid: 12835280
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1996 May 2;334(18):1150-5
references.pmid: 8602180
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2007 Sep 1;121(5):1103-14
references.pmid: 17487840
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 1991 Apr 1;133(7):683-93
references.pmid: 2018023
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Jul 21;91(14):1194-210
references.pmid: 10413421
references.citation: Cancer Causes Control. 1995 Jul;6(4):292-302
references.pmid: 7548716
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2003 Dec 20;107(6):1001-11
references.pmid: 14601062
references.citation: Chest. 2003 Jan;123(1 Suppl):21S-49S
references.pmid: 12527563
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2000 Aug 1;152(3):279-86
references.pmid: 10933275
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2001 Dec 15;154(12):1119-25
references.pmid: 11744517
references.citation: J Clin Oncol. 2005 May 10;23(14):3212-8
references.pmid: 15886308
references.citation: Cancer Causes Control. 2000 Feb;11(2):101-15
references.pmid: 10710193
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Dec;78(6):1074-8
references.pmid: 14668266
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Nov 15;92(22):1812-23
references.pmid: 11078758
references.citation: J Am Diet Assoc. 1996 Oct;96(10):1027-39
references.pmid: 8841165
references.citation: Vital Health Stat 10. 2003 Nov;(214):1-83
references.pmid: 15786609
references.citation: Pharmacol Ther. 1997 Sep;75(3):185-97
references.pmid: 9504139
references.citation: J Clin Oncol. 2007 Feb 10;25(5):561-70
references.pmid: 17290066
references.citation: Br J Cancer. 1992 Oct;66(4):673-9
references.pmid: 1419605
references.citation: Appetite. 2004 Apr;42(2):157-66
references.pmid: 15010180
references.citation: Public Health Nutr. 2008 Feb;11(2):183-95
references.pmid: 17610761
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1993 Feb 1;53(3):536-43
references.pmid: 8425185
references.citation: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2003 Apr;12(4):350-8
references.pmid: 12692110
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Feb 15;145(4):358-65
references.pmid: 9054240
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1994 Apr 14;330(15):1029-35
references.pmid: 8127329
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1999 Jan 20;91(2):182-4
references.pmid: 9923861
references.citation: Biomed Pharmacother. 2002 Aug;56(6):296-301
references.pmid: 12224601
references.citation: Cancer Causes Control. 2004 May;15(4):349-57
references.pmid: 15141136
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2004 Jan 10;108(2):269-76
references.pmid: 14639614
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Apr 1;155(7):622-8
references.pmid: 11914189
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Sep 15;156(6):536-47
references.pmid: 12226001