title: Flow cytometric analysis of T cell subsets in paired samples of cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood from patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders.
abstract: Recent studies suggest inflammatory mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of major psychiatric disorders (MPD). T cells play a major role during inflammation, but little is known about T cell subpopulations in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We investigated the frequency of cells positive for the surface markers CD4, CD8, CD25, CD45, CD69, and CD127 in 45 paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood (PB) samples by multiparameter flow cytometry from patients with MPD of the schizophrenic and affective spectrum with normal CSF cell counts and compared them with those from patients with non-inflammatory (NIND), chronic inflammatory (CIND) neurological disorders, and meningitis (MEN). In MEN patients, CD4+ cell frequency in PB, but not in CSF, was significantly increased as compared to CIND and NIND. No difference between patient groups was observed for CD8+. CD4+CD45RO+ double positive cells in PB were significantly lower in CIND than in MEN or NIND. The frequency of CD4+CD25+ cells in PB was significantly higher in MEN than in MPD or CIND. For CSF, the percentage of CD4+CD127(dim) cells was significantly lower in MEN than in MPD. CD4+CD127(dim) in PB and CSF showed overlapping characteristic clusters between MPD and CIND and MEN patients. Overall, the hypothesis of low degree inflammation in a subgroup of MPD is supported. The analysis of lymphocyte subsets in PB and CSF constitutes a novel promising tool to understand underlying pathomechanisms in psychiatric and neurological disorders on an individual case level.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy II, Ulm University, Ludwig Heilmeyer Str. 2, D-89312 Guenzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Horst-G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Maxeiner
authors.forename: Markus Thomas
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Rojewski
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Hayrettin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tumani
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bechter
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmitt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000341:Affective Disorders, Psychotic / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000379:methods; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053699:Interleukin-7 Receptor alpha Subunit; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D000099192:CD69 Antigens