The effect of supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on markers of oxidative stress in elderly exposed to PM(2.5).
BACKGROUND
The mechanisms of particulate matter (PM)-induced health effects are believed to involve inflammation and oxidative stress. Increased intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) appears to have anti-inflammatory effects.


OBJECTIVE
As part of a trial to evaluate whether n-3 PUFA supplementation could protect against the cardiac alterations linked to PM exposure, we measured biomarkers of response to oxidative stimuli [copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, lipoperoxidation (LPO) products, and reduced glutathione (GSH)] and evaluated the impact of supplementation on plasma levels.


METHODS
We recruited residents from a nursing home in Mexico City chronically exposed to PM < or = 2.5 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(2.5)) and followed them from 26 September 2001 to 10 April 2002. We randomly assigned subjects in a double-blind fashion to receive either fish oil (n-3 PUFA) or soy oil. We measured PM(2.5) levels indoors at the nursing home, and measured Cu/Zn SOD activity, LPO products, and GSH at different times during presupplementation and supplementation phases.


RESULTS
Supplementation with either fish or soy oil was related to an increase of Cu/Zn SOD activity and an increase in GSH plasma levels, whereas exposure to indoor PM(2.5) levels was related to a decrease in Cu/Zn SOD activity and GSH plasma levels.


CONCLUSIONS
Supplementation with n-3 PUFA appeared to modulate the adverse effects of PM(2.5) on these biomarkers, particularly in the fish oil group. Supplementation with n-3 PUFA could modulate oxidative response to PM(2.5) exposure.
Romieu
Isabelle
I
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. iromieu@correo.insp.mx
Garcia-Esteban
Raquel
R
Sunyer
Jordi
J
Rios
Camilo
C
Alcaraz-Zubeldia
Mireya
M
Velasco
Silvia Ruiz
SR
Holguin
Fernando
F
D000368:Aged; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010316:Particle Size
D000393:Air Pollutants; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005978:Glutathione
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