title: Quantitative visualization of passive transport across bilayer lipid membranes.
abstract: The ability to predict and interpret membrane permeation coefficients is of critical importance, particularly because passive transport is crucial for the effective delivery of many pharmaceutical agents to intracellular targets. We present a method for the quantitative measurement of the permeation coefficients of protonophores by using laser confocal scanning microscopy coupled to microelectrochemistry, which is amenable to precise modeling with the finite element method. The technique delivers well defined and high mass transport rates and allows rapid visualization of the entire pH distribution on both the cis and trans side of model bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs). A homologous series of carboxylic acids was investigated as probe molecules for BLMs composed of soybean phosphatidylcholine. Significantly, the permeation coefficient decreased with acyl tail length contrary to previous work and to Overton's rule. The reasons for this difference are considered, and we suggest that the applicability of Overton's rule requires re-evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Organisation and Assembly in Cells Doctoral Training Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: John M A
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Grime
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Nicola C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Rudd
authors.forename: Patrick R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Unwin
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D019793:Fluorescein
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