title: Characteristics of early colorectal carcinoma with lymph node metastatic disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic resection may safely and effectively remove early colorectal cancers. However, additional surgical treatment is needed in cases with metastatic lymph nodes for curative treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between lymph node metastasis and various pathological parameters in early colorectal cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinicopathological records of 3,557 colorectal adenocarcinoma patients who underwent surgical resection at the Samsung Medical Center from August 1995 to June 2005 were reviewed. One hundred forty seven tissue samples with early colorectal cancer were used in this study. Various parameters were studied including gender, location, macroscopic appearance, differentiation, lymphatic tumor emboli, and the depth of tumor invasion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty five patients (17.0%) had lymph node metastasis. Male gender, left colon, macroscopically depressed lesions, moderately or poorly differentiated carcinoma, depth of tumor invasion (Sm2 or Sm3), and presence of lymphatic tumor emboli were the risk factors for lymph node metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early colorectal cancers with male gender, location in the left colon, macroscopically depressed lesion, moderate or poor differentiation, depth in Sm2 or Sm3, and the presence of lymphatic tumor emboli have higher risk of lymph node metastasis than those without. The early colorectal cancers with these risk factors should have surgical resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Korea.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Chun
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors