title: Laparoscopic fundoplication in patients with a hypertensive lower esophageal sphincter.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A small proportion of patients evaluated with manometry prior to a fundoplication have a high-pressure lower esophageal sphincter (LES). This paper examines the outcome of laparoscopic fundoplication for these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 1991 and December 2006, 1,886 patients underwent primary laparoscopic fundoplication. Those with a high-pressure LES on preoperative manometry (LESP > or = 30 mm Hg at end expiration) were identified from a prospective database. Long-term outcomes were determined using analogue symptom scores (0-10) for heartburn, dysphagia, and patient satisfaction and compared to those of a matched control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients (1.6%), nine men and 21 women, median age 51 years, had a hypertensive LES (mean, 36 mmHg; range, 30-55). Median follow-up after fundoplication was 99 (12-182) months. These patients had similar mean symptom scores to 30 matched controls for heartburn (2.3 vs. 2.2, P = 0.541), dysphagia (2.7 vs. 3.1, P = 0.539), and satisfaction (7.4 vs. 7.6, P = 0.546). Five patients required revision for dysphagia compared to no control patients (P = 0.005). These patients had a higher preoperative dysphagia score (6.6 vs. 3.1, P = 0.036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic fundoplication can be performed with good long-term results for patients with reflux and a hypertensive LES. However, those with preoperative dysphagia have a higher failure rate.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Surgery, University of Adelaide, Level 5, Eleanor Harrald Building, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: Jennifer C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Glyn G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Jamieson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D050782:Esophageal pH Monitoring; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000379:methods*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011312:Pressure; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
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