Outcomes after endarterectomy for chronic mesenteric ischemia.
OBJECTIVE
A retrospective study was performed to identify optimal factors affecting outcomes after open revascularization for chronic mesenteric ischemia.


METHODS
All patients who underwent open surgery for chronic mesenteric ischemia from 1987 to 2006 were reviewed. Patients with acute mesenteric ischemia or median arcuate ligament syndrome were excluded. Mortality, recurrent stenosis, and symptomatic recurrence were analyzed using logistic regression, and univariate and multivariate analysis.


RESULTS
We identified 80 patients (69% women, 31% men). Mean age was 64 years (range, 31-86 years). Acute-on-chronic symptoms were present in 26%. Presenting symptoms included postprandial pain (91%), weight loss (69%), and food fear and diarrhea (25%). Preoperative imaging demonstrated severe (>70%) stenosis of the superior mesenteric artery in 75 patients (24 occluded), the celiac axis in 63 (20 occluded), and the inferior mesenteric artery in 53 (20 occluded). Multivessel disease was present in 72 patients (90%), and 40 (50%) underwent multivessel reconstruction. Revascularization was achieved by endarterectomy in 37 patients, mesenteric bypass in 29, and combined procedures in 14. Concurrent aortic reconstruction was required in 13 patients (16%). Three hospital deaths occurred (3.8%). Mean follow-up was 3.8 years (range, 0-17.2 years). One- and 5-year survival was 92.2% and 64.5%. Mortality was associated with age (P = .019) and renal insufficiency (P = .007), but not by clinical presentation. Symptom-free survival was 89.7% and 82.1% at 1 and 5 years, respectively. Symptoms requiring reintervention occurred in nine patients (11%) at a mean of 29 months (range, 5-127 months). Multivariate analysis showed that freedom from recurrent symptoms correlated with endarterectomy for revascularization (5.2% vs 27.6%; hazard ratio, 0.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.92; P = .02).


CONCLUSIONS
For open surgical candidates, endarterectomy appears to provide the most durable long-term symptom relief in patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia.
Mell
Matthew W
MW
Section of Vascular Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
Acher
Charles W
CW
Hoch
John R
JR
Tefera
Girma
G
Turnipseed
William D
WD
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002445:Celiac Artery / Q000601:surgery; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D004691:Endarterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D017537:Mesenteric Artery, Inferior / Q000601:surgery; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior / Q000601:surgery; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome