title: Specific expression of BMP2/4 ortholog in biomineralizing tissues of corals and action on mouse BMP receptor.
abstract: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, and have been identified by their ability to induce bone formation in vertebrates. The biomineral-forming process, called biomineralization, is a widespread process, present in all kingdoms of living organisms and among which stony corals are one of the major groups of calcifying animals. Here, we report the presence of a BMP2/4 ortholog in eight species of adult corals. The synthesis of such a protein by the calcifying epithelium of corals suggests that coral BMP2/4 plays a role in skeletogenesis, making BMP the first common protein involved in biomineralization among Eumetazoans. In addition we show that recombinant coral BMP2/4 is able to inhibit human BMP2-induced osteoblastic differentiation in mesenchymal C2C12 cells. We suggest that this inhibition results from a competition between coral BMP2/4 and human BMP2, indicating conservation of binding affinity of BMP and its receptor during evolution from corals to vertebrates. Further studies are needed to understand interactions between coral BMP2/4 and its receptors, and, thus, the action of BMP2/4 in adult corals.
authors.affiliation: Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Avenue Saint Martin, Monaco, MC, 98000, Monaco. zoccola@centrescientifique.mc
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zoccola
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moya
authors.forename: Guillaume E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Béranger
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tambutté
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Allemand
authors.forename: Georges F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Carle
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tambutté
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors
references.citation: Cell. 1997 May 30;89(5):747-54
references.pmid: 9182762
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2006 Aug 15;296(2):375-87
references.pmid: 16828077
references.citation: Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2002 Aug 15;27(16 Suppl 1):S2-8
references.pmid: 12205411
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 2000 Jul;267(13):3986-93
references.pmid: 10866797
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2002 Sep;24(3):358-65
references.pmid: 12220977
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 2002 Dec;17(12):2106-18
references.pmid: 12469905
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Jun;19(6):947-58
references.pmid: 15125793
references.citation: EMBO J. 2000 Jul 3;19(13):3314-24
references.pmid: 10880444
references.citation: Science. 2004 May 28;304(5675):1335-7
references.pmid: 15131263
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2002 Jun 15;246(2):341-55
references.pmid: 12051820
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 1994 Dec;127(6 Pt 1):1755-66
references.pmid: 7798324
references.citation: Science. 1988 Dec 16;242(4885):1528-34
references.pmid: 3201241
references.citation: Science. 2007 Jul 6;317(5834):86-94
references.pmid: 17615350
references.citation: Curr Top Dev Biol. 2008;80:209-76
references.pmid: 17950376
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 May 10;258(2):457-63
references.pmid: 10329409
references.citation: Nature. 1987 Jan 1-7;325(6099):81-4
references.pmid: 3467201
references.citation: Biotechniques. 2005 Jun;38(6):864, 866, 868
references.pmid: 16018545
references.citation: Biochimie. 2001 May;83(5):423-6
references.pmid: 11368850
references.citation: Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2005 Nov;80(4):543-58
references.pmid: 16221328
references.citation: Evol Dev. 2001 Jul-Aug;3(4):241-50
references.pmid: 11478521
references.citation: Biomaterials. 1995 Oct;16(15):1181-5
references.pmid: 8562796
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 1999 Jun 25;453(3):346-50
references.pmid: 10405173
references.citation: Biomaterials. 1998 Jan-Feb;19(1-3):205-13
references.pmid: 9678869
references.citation: Cell Signal. 2004 Mar;16(3):291-9
references.pmid: 14687659
references.citation: Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2006 Jun;7(1-2):51-65
references.pmid: 17029022
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):8106-11
references.pmid: 12048233
references.citation: Nature. 1998 Apr 30;392(6679):861-2
references.pmid: 9582064
references.citation: Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2004 Jan;30(1):167-77
references.pmid: 15022767
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Sep;21(17):6080-9
references.pmid: 11486045
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Mar;87(6):2220-4
references.pmid: 2315314
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 2003 Oct;18(10):1842-53
references.pmid: 14584895
references.citation: J Cell Biochem. 1999 Apr 1;73(1):114-25
references.pmid: 10088730
references.citation: EMBO J. 1998 Aug 17;17(16):4735-43
references.pmid: 9707432
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Jul 16;320(1):100-7
references.pmid: 15207708
references.citation: Endocr Rev. 2003 Apr;24(2):218-35
references.pmid: 12700180
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 2008 Apr;23(4):564-71
references.pmid: 18021007
references.citation: Biomed Mater Eng. 2002;12(1):15-35
references.pmid: 11847406
references.citation: J Gen Virol. 1977 Jul;36(1):59-74
references.pmid: 886304
references.citation: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2007 Jul;82(1):152-9
references.pmid: 17269146
references.citation: Growth Factors. 1992;7(2):139-50
references.pmid: 1419071
references.citation: Development. 1999 Jan;126(2):241-50
references.pmid: 9847238
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Oct 15;88(20):9214-8
references.pmid: 1924384
references.citation: Mar Biotechnol (NY). 2008 Nov-Dec;10(6):653-63
references.pmid: 18425549
references.citation: Science. 1965 Nov 12;150(3698):893-9
references.pmid: 5319761