title: ADBP-1 regulates an ADAR RNA-editing enzyme to antagonize RNA-interference-mediated gene silencing in Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) mediate gene silencing through evolutionarily conserved pathways. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the siRNA/miRNA pathways are also known to affect transgene expression. To identify genes that regulate the efficiencies of the siRNA/miRNA pathways, we used the expression level of a transgene as an indicator of gene silencing and isolated a transgene-silencing mutant, adbp-1 (ADR-2 binding protein). The adbp-1 mutation caused transgene silencing in hypodermal and intestinal cells in a cell-autonomous manner, depending on the RNA interference (RNAi) machinery. The adbp-1 gene encodes a protein with no conserved domains that is localized in the nucleus. Yeast two-hybrid screening and co-immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that ADBP-1 physically interacts with ADR-2, an RNA-editing enzyme from the ADAR (adenosine deaminase acting on dsRNA) family. In the adbp-1 mutant, as previously shown in adr-2 mutants, A-to-I RNA editing was not detected, suggesting that ADBP-1 is required for the RNA-editing activity of ADR-2. We found that ADBP-1 facilitates the nuclear localization of ADR-2. ADBP-1 may regulate ADR-2 activity and the consequent RNA editing and thereby antagonize RNAi-mediated transgene silencing in C. elegans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Life Science, Sojo University, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Manabi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Yasumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishihara
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D017393:RNA Editing; D034622:RNA Interference; D018510:RNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: C533988:ADBP-1 protein, C elegans; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018510:RNA, Helminth; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; C469736:Adr-2 protein, C elegans
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2002 Aug 6;12(15):1317-9
references.pmid: 12176360
references.citation: Science. 2003 Sep 12;301(5639):1545-7
references.pmid: 12970568
references.citation: Neuron. 1991 Nov;7(5):729-42
references.pmid: 1660283
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Dec;5(12):3484-96
references.pmid: 3837845
references.citation: Science. 2002 May 17;296(5571):1319-21
references.pmid: 12016316
references.citation: Science. 2007 Feb 23;315(5815):1137-40
references.pmid: 17322061
references.citation: EMBO J. 1991 Dec;10(12):3959-70
references.pmid: 1935914
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2006 May;2(5):e74
references.pmid: 16710447
references.citation: Nature. 1997 May 15;387(6630):303-8
references.pmid: 9153397
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2005 Apr 1;19(7):782-7
references.pmid: 15774721
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2002 Jun 15;246(2):418-28
references.pmid: 12051826
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2647-51
references.pmid: 2704740
references.citation: Science. 2004 Jan 23;303(5657):540-3
references.pmid: 14704431
references.citation: Nature. 1998 Oct 29;395(6705):854
references.pmid: 9804418
references.citation: Curr Genet. 2006 Aug;50(2):81-99
references.pmid: 16691418
references.citation: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2006 Jan;13(1):13-21
references.pmid: 16369484
references.citation: Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2006 Apr;16(2):203-8
references.pmid: 16503132
references.citation: Science. 2005 May 20;308(5725):1164-7
references.pmid: 15790806
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2003 May 13;13(10):807-18
references.pmid: 12747828
references.citation: Gene. 1991 Dec 15;108(2):193-9
references.pmid: 1660837
references.citation: Neuron. 2000 Jan;25(1):139-49
references.pmid: 10707979
references.citation: Genome Biol. 2006;7(4):R27
references.pmid: 16594986
references.citation: Mol Cell. 2002 Oct;10(4):809-17
references.pmid: 12419225
references.citation: Genetics. 2004 Mar;166(3):1313-21
references.pmid: 15082550
references.citation: Cell. 1993 Dec 31;75(7):1361-70
references.pmid: 8269514
references.citation: Genetics. 2001 Apr;157(4):1611-22
references.pmid: 11290717
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Jul 28;436(7050):593-7
references.pmid: 16049496
references.citation: Nature. 2005 Aug 18;436(7053):1044-7
references.pmid: 16107852
references.citation: Cell. 1999 Oct 15;99(2):133-41
references.pmid: 10535732
references.citation: Cell. 1999 Oct 15;99(2):123-32
references.pmid: 10535731
references.citation: Genetics. 1974 May;77(1):71-94
references.pmid: 4366476
references.citation: EMBO J. 2001 Aug 1;20(15):4243-52
references.pmid: 11483527
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 May 25;96(11):6048-53
references.pmid: 10339539
references.citation: Cell. 1993 Aug 13;74(3):515-27
references.pmid: 8348618
references.citation: Science. 2002 Jun 21;296(5576):2235-8
references.pmid: 12077420
references.citation: RNA. 2006 Apr;12(4):589-97
references.pmid: 16489184
references.citation: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Dec;7(12):919-31
references.pmid: 17139332
references.citation: Development. 1998 Jul;125(13):2451-6
references.pmid: 9609828
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2001 Oct 15;15(20):2654-9
references.pmid: 11641272
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2003 May 1;116(Pt 9):1805-18
references.pmid: 12665561
references.citation: EMBO J. 2002 Nov 15;21(22):6025-35
references.pmid: 12426375
references.citation: Cell. 2006 Jan 27;124(2):343-54
references.pmid: 16439208
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Jun 11;99(12):7906-11
references.pmid: 12048240
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1999 Nov 15;13(22):2958-70
references.pmid: 10580003
references.citation: Nat Genet. 2001 Jun;28(2):160-4
references.pmid: 11381264
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2005 Feb 4;280(5):3946-53
references.pmid: 15556947