title: A periodicity of approximately 1 hour in X-ray emission from the active galaxy RE J1034+396.
abstract: Active galactic nuclei and quasars are thought to be scaled-up versions of Galactic black hole binaries, powered by accretion onto supermassive black holes with masses of 10(6)-10(9) M[symbol: see text], as opposed to the approximately 10 M [symbol: see text] in binaries (here M [symbol: see text] is the solar mass). One example of the similarities between these two types of systems is the characteristic rapid X-ray variability seen from the accretion flow. The power spectrum of this variability in black hole binaries consists of a broad noise with multiple quasi-periodic oscillations superimposed on it. Although the broad noise component has been observed in many active galactic nuclei, there have hitherto been no significant detections of quasi-periodic oscillations. Here we report the discovery of an approximately 1-hour X-ray periodicity in a bright active galaxy, RE J1034+396. The signal is highly statistically significant (at the 5.6 sigma level) and very coherent, with quality factor Q > 16. The X-ray modulation arises from the direct vicinity of the black hole.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. marek.gierlinski@durham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gierliński
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Done