title: New methods for the identification of efflux mediated MDR bacteria, genetic assessment of regulators and efflux pump constituents, characterization of efflux systems and screening for inhibitors of efflux pumps.
abstract: We have developed a number of methods that identify efflux pump mediated multi-drug resistant bacteria, characterize efflux systems and screen for inhibitors of efflux pumps. These approaches were complemented by the quantification of the expression of genes that regulate and code for constituents of efflux pumps. The methods described are easy to use, reproducible and for the most part, require instrumentation normally present in a clinical bacteriology laboratory. Because each method provides good reproducibility, they lend themselves for inter-laboratory use.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Mycobacteriology, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (IHMT/UNL), Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viveiros
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Couto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spengler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Molnar
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Amaral
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008828:Microbiological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins