title: Relationships between disease activity and serum and fecal biomarkers in patients with Crohn's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The quantitative relationships between instruments and assays that measure clinical, endoscopic, and biologic disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease are poorly characterized. This study evaluated the correlations between the Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI), the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (both phenotype and genotype) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 164 patients with Crohn's disease undergoing colonoscopy were enrolled. The CDAI and SES-CD scores, serum hsCRP and IL-6, CRP and IL-6 genotypes, and fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant associations between the CDAI and SES-CD scores (Spearman rank correlation coefficient, 0.15) or between the CDAI scores and the serum concentrations of hsCRP and IL-6, or the fecal concentrations of calprotectin and lactoferrin. In contrast, the serum hsCRP and IL-6 concentrations and the fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with more severe endoscopic disease activity (SES-CD score > 7 points) (P < .001 for all comparisons). The CRP 717 mutant homozygote and heterozygote status was associated with significantly lower concentrations of hsCRP (P = .02). There was a trend toward higher hsCRP concentrations in the CRP 286 heterozygous adenine mutant-type mutant genotype, but this did not reach statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum and fecal biomarker concentrations are associated with endoscopic but not clinical disease activity in patients with Crohn's disease. Stimulated hsCRP concentration is affected significantly by select genetic polymorphisms.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Edward V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Loftus
authors.forename: Remo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Panaccione
authors.forename: Li-Sheng
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: Linnea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Baudhuin
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.forename: Brian G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Feagan
authors.forename: Scott W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Harmsen
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zinsmeister
authors.forename: Emelie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Helou
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sandborn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology; D003113:Colonoscopy; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000032:analysis; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D007781:Lactoferrin