title: Advances in neutrophil biology: clinical implications.
abstract: Many lung diseases are characterized by neutrophil-dominated inflammation; therefore, an understanding of neutrophil function is of considerable importance to respiratory physicians. This review will focus on recent advances in our understanding of how neutrophils are produced, how these cells leave the circulation, the molecular events regulating neutrophil activation and, ultimately, how these cells die and are removed. The neutrophil is now recognized as a highly versatile and sophisticated cell with significant synthetic capacity and an important role in linking the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response. One of the key challenges in conditions such as COPD, bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, and certain forms of asthma is how to manipulate neutrophil function in a way that does not compromise antibacterial and antifungal capacity. The possession by neutrophils of a unique repertoire of surface receptors and signaling proteins may make such targeted therapy possible.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's and Papworth Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Cowburn
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's and Papworth Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Alison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Condliffe
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's and Papworth Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Farahi
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's and Papworth Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's and Papworth Hospitals, Cambridge, UK. Electronic address: erc24@cam.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Edwin R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Chilvers
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000502:physiology
references.citation: Crit Care Med. 2005 Aug;33(8):1741-8
references.pmid: 16096451
references.citation: J Appl Physiol (1985). 1993 Jun;74(6):3040-5
references.pmid: 8366005
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 May 21;318(1):32-7
references.pmid: 15110749
references.citation: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2007 Aug;37(2):135-43
references.pmid: 17363778
references.citation: Trends Immunol. 2007 Aug;28(8):340-5
references.pmid: 17627888
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006 Sep 1;174(5):566-70
references.pmid: 16741151
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008 Jan 15;177(2):148-55
references.pmid: 17947611
references.citation: J Immunol. 1995 Apr 15;154(8):4157-65
references.pmid: 7535822
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 May 1;175(9):958-66
references.pmid: 17322108
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2006 Nov 27;203(12):2613-25
references.pmid: 17101731
references.citation: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 May;119(5):1065-71
references.pmid: 17270263
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2002 Jan;109(1):41-50
references.pmid: 11781349
references.citation: Chest. 1984 Sep;86(3):383-6
references.pmid: 6467999
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2005 May 1;118(Pt 9):2067-76
references.pmid: 15840647
references.citation: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2006 Oct;35(4):407-14
references.pmid: 16690986
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Mar 21;416(6878):291-7
references.pmid: 11907569
references.citation: Chest. 2007 Jul;132(1):98-105
references.pmid: 17550933
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 May 1;175(9):896-904
references.pmid: 17272787
references.citation: Thorax. 2002 Aug;57(8):709-14
references.pmid: 12149532
references.citation: Pediatr Pulmonol. 2006 Feb;41(2):177-83
references.pmid: 16372352
references.citation: Blood. 2006 Dec 15;108(13):3976-8
references.pmid: 16926288
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2006 Jun 12;203(6):1519-32
references.pmid: 16754715
references.citation: Lancet. 1993 Mar 13;341(8846):643-7
references.pmid: 8095568
references.citation: J Immunol. 2007 Sep 15;179(6):4110-24
references.pmid: 17785850
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997 Feb;155(2):449-53
references.pmid: 9032177
references.citation: Nat Med. 2005 Sep;11(9):936-43
references.pmid: 16127437
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2005 Jan 3;201(1):105-15
references.pmid: 15630139
references.citation: Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2007 Nov;7(6):464-8
references.pmid: 17986378
references.citation: Eur J Immunol. 2007 Sep;37(9):2627-34
references.pmid: 17668902
references.citation: J Leukoc Biol. 2007 Jul;82(1):111-23
references.pmid: 17438263
references.citation: Science. 2004 Mar 5;303(5663):1532-5
references.pmid: 15001782
references.citation: J Immunol. 1999 Jul 15;163(2):995-9
references.pmid: 10395697
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2007 Sep 24;178(7):1279-93
references.pmid: 17875742
references.citation: Intern Med. 2007;46(11):699-704
references.pmid: 17541219
references.citation: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2004 Apr;30(4):576-84
references.pmid: 14565940
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006 Sep 15;174(6):689-98
references.pmid: 16741152
references.citation: Nat Med. 2007 Dec;13(12):1423-30
references.pmid: 18059279
references.citation: Immunity. 2003 Oct;19(4):583-93
references.pmid: 14563322
references.citation: Nat Med. 2006 Sep;12(9):1056-64
references.pmid: 16951685
references.citation: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Jul;112(1):58-63
references.pmid: 12847480
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2007 Sep;7(9):678-89
references.pmid: 17717539
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 1999 Jun;112 ( Pt 12):1937-45
references.pmid: 10341212
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2006 Apr 17;203(4):857-63
references.pmid: 16567384
references.citation: Science. 2000 Feb 11;287(5455):1049-53
references.pmid: 10669418
references.citation: Blood. 2004 Apr 15;103(8):2973-80
references.pmid: 15070673
references.citation: Blood. 2005 Aug 15;106(4):1432-40
references.pmid: 15878979