title: Comparison of the partitioning of pesticides relative to the survival and behaviour of exposed amphipods.
abstract: Pesticides sprayed on farmlands can end up in rivers and be transported into estuaries, where they could affect aquatic organisms in freshwater and marine habitats. A series of experiments were conducted using the amphipod Corophium volutator Pallas (Amphipoda, Corophiidae) and single pesticides, namely atrazine (AT), azinphos-methyl (AZ), carbofuran (CA) and endosulfan (EN) that were added to sediments and covered with seawater. Our goal was to compare the concentrations affecting the survival of the animals relative to potential attractant or repellent properties of sediment-spiked pesticides. The avoidance/preference of contaminated/reference sediments by amphipods was examined after 48 and 96 h of exposure using sediments with different organic carbon content. The octanol-water partition coefficients (log K(ow)) ranked the pesticides binding to sediments as EN > AZ > AT > CA. LC(50) and LC(20) covered a wide range of nominal concentrations and ranked toxicity as CA-AZ > EN > AT. Under the experimental set up, only EN initiated an avoidance response and the organic carbon normalised concentration provided consistent results. Using the present data with wide confidence limits, >20% of a population of C. volutator could perish due to the presence of EN before relocation or detecting CA or AZ in sediments by chemical analysis.
authors.affiliation: Fisheries and Oceans, Dartmouth, NS, Canada. Hellouj@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hellou
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: Art
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Doe
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dunphy
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jackman
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.forename: Joanna Mills
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Flemming
mesh_terms: D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001280:Atrazine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D001387:Azinphosmethyl / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D002235:Carbofuran / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001387:Azinphosmethyl; D002244:Carbon; D004726:Endosulfan; D001280:Atrazine; D002235:Carbofuran
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