title: An outbreak of acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endophthalmitis is one of the most serious complications of ophthalmic surgery, which includes postoperative cataract extraction. Outbreak of acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery has been reported in Thailand and other countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe an outbreak of acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery that was referred to Chiang Mai University Hospital during March 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case series were made from the records of inpatients and outpatients, who had been referred for treatment of acute postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery at a district hospital in northern Thailand. The surgery was conducted on two consecutive days by volunteer ophthalmologists of a non-profit foundation from Bangkok.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this outbreak, the authors recorded 31 endophthalmitis cases, with 33 eyes (bilateral 2 cases). Of the 33 endophthalmitis eyes, 32 occurred following extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens and one after the secondary intraocular lens implant. Microbiological investigations in the hospital were done with aqueous tapping, vitreous tapping, and vitreous from pars plana vitrectomy. Gram-positive cocci were detected from vitreous tapping in four eyes. Thirty-two cases were managed with intravitreous antibiotics, one with subconjunctival antibiotic only, and all eyes were treated with fortified topical antibiotics. Fifteen eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy Assessment of visual acuity (VA) before and after treatment showed improvement in 75.8% (25/33), decrease of VA in 9.1% (3/33), while visual acuity remained stable in 15.2% (5/33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In high-volume cataract surgery, an outbreak of endophthalmitis is always possible. Prompt and appropriate treatment can improve the visual outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. sausayak@mail.med.cmu.ac.th
authors.forename: Sakarin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ausayakhun
authors.forename: Nimitr
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itthipunkul
authors.forename: Direk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patikulsila
authors.forename: Janejit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choovuthayakorn
authors.forename: Paradee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kunavisarut
authors.forename: Sopa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wattananikorn
authors.forename: Somsanguan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ausayakhun
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014787:Vision Tests; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents