title: Different effects of two N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists on seizures, spontaneous behavior, and motor performance in immature rats.
abstract: Typical N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists exhibit anticonvulsant action and unwanted effects, even in developing rats. Therefore, we studied the actions of the low-affinity, noncompetitive antagonist memantine and the NR2B-specific antagonist ifenprodil. Seizures (minimal clonic and generalized tonic-clonic) were elicited with pentylenetetrazol (100mg/kg subcutaneously) in rats 7, 12, 18, and 25 days old pretreated with memantine (2.5-40 mg/kg intraperitoneally) or ifenprodil (10-60 mg/kg intraperitoneally). The effects of both drugs were studied in open field and motor performance tests in 12-, 18-, and 25-day-old rats. Memantine suppressed generalized tonic-clonic seizures in all age groups; minimal seizures were potentiated. Ifenprodil abolished the tonic phase of generalized tonic-clonic seizures in 7-, 12-, and 18-day-old rats only; minimal seizures remained untouched. Memantine induced locomotor hyperactivity and compromised motor performance in all age groups. Ifenprodil exerted these effects only in 12-day-old rats; older animals were less active in open field tests. Memantine exhibits both anti- and pro-convulsant and behavioral effects typical of NMDA antagonists. Ifenprodil exerted the same effects in 12-day-old rats, but its anticonvulsant action in 18-day-old rats was accompanied by a decrease in locomotion.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic. maresp@biomed.cas.cz
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mares
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikulecká
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D003292:Convulsants / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000523:psychology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008559:Memantine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009949:Orientation / Q000187:drug effects; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000187:drug effects; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003292:Convulsants; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D010880:Piperidines; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; C010739:ifenprodil; D008559:Memantine; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole