title: Palatinose and oleic acid act together to prevent pancreatic islet disruption in nondiabetic obese Zucker rats.
abstract: We showed previously that 8-wk consumption of a diet containing palatinose (P, a slowly-absorbed sucrose analogue) and oleic acid (O) ameliorates but a diet containing sucrose (S) and linoleic acid (L) aggravates metabolic abnormalities in Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rats. In this study, we aimed to identify early changes in metabolism in rats induced by certain combinations of carbohydrates and fatty acids. Specifically, male Zucker fatty rats were fed an isocaloric diet containing various combinations of carbohydrates (P; S) and fatty acids (O; L). After 4 wk, no significant differences in body weight, visceral fat mass, plasma parameters (glucose, insulin, lipids, and adipokines), hepatic adiposity and gene expression, and adipose inflammation were observed between dietary groups. In contrast, pancreatic islets of palatinose-fed (PO and PL) rats were smaller and less fibrotic than sucrose-fed (SO and SL) rats. The abnormal alpha-cell distribution and sporadic staining of active caspase-3 common to islets of linoleic-acid-fed rats were not observed in oleic-acid-fed (PO and SO) rats. Accordingly, progressive beta-cell loss was seen in SL rats, but not in PO rats. These findings suggest that pancreatic islets may be initial sites that translate the effects of different combinations of dietary carbohydrates and fats into metabolic changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazusa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Yui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukaya
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uebanso
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koganei
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Tadatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taketani
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007534:Isomaltose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D019301:Oleic Acid; D013395:Sucrose; D007534:Isomaltose; C008189:isomaltulose