title: Family and racial factors associated with suicide and emotional distress among latino students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Latino youth experience disproportionate rates of mental health problems including suicide and depression. Better understanding of underlying risk and protective factors on the part of school-based health professionals, teachers, and health care providers in their lives is warranted. The aims of this secondary analysis of 2004 Minnesota Student Survey data were to (1) describe the mental health status of a statewide sample of Latino 9th- and 12th-grade students; (2) explore relationships of family protective factors (communication, caring, and connection) with suicidal ideation, suicidal attempts, and emotional distress; and (3) highlight similarities and differences in family protective factors among subgroups of Latino students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parallel analyses were completed for Latino-only and Latino-mixed students. Bivariate logistic regression models were used to examine associations between each family variable and each study outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly 1 in 5 Latino high school students have had suicidal thoughts in the past year; past year suicide attempts ranged from 6% to 18.5% across grade and gender subgroups. Most concerning are ninth-grade Latino girls, a group in which 30-40% reported suicidal thoughts and 14-19% reported attempting suicide in the past year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An important study finding is the high rate of suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and emotional distress among students who self-identified as being of mixed ethnicity. Study findings can be used to inform mental health promotion initiatives and culturally tailor interventions with Latino students.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. garcia@umn.edu
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skay
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sieving
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naughton
authors.forename: Linda H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Bearinger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012307:Risk Factors; D012572:School Health Services; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology