title: [Pediatric cardiac disease: indications for family screening and risk stratification].
abstract: In some forms of cardiac disease in childhood, familial occurrence is frequent. This implies the question whether family members should undergo cardiologic screening examinations. For cardiomyopathies the familiarity is so frequent and morbidity so important that examination by echo of all first degree relatives is recommended. As these cardiomyopathies may develop its phenotype all along a lifetime, repetitive examinations usually are indicated. For the primary electrical diseases the so called channelopathies the same is true, as for the high rate of familial occurrence and the high morbidity. Thus ECG screening of first degree relatives is recommended. In a child with congenital heart disease there are no recommendations with regard to familial screening and cardiological examinations usually are indicated only in case of clinical suspicion for heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Pädiatrische Kardiologie, Medizinische Universitätskinderklinik, Bern. Jean-pierre.pfammatter@insel.ch
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pfammatter
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening