title: Retinal area and optic disc rim area in amblyopic, fellow, and normal hyperopic eyes: a hypothesis for decreased acuity in amblyopia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Defects in visual functions in amblyopic eyes may have a neuroretinal explanation. The retinal area to optic disc rim area ratios of hyperopic normal, amblyopic, and fellow eyes were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 293 patients with amblyopia and bilateral hyperopia and 77 non-amblyopic bilaterally hyperopic patients without strabismus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Disc areas were measured using magnification correction formulas developed by Bengtsson and Krakau. Axial lengths were determined by ultrasound biometry or laser interferometry with a Zeiss AOL Master (Carl Zeiss Co., Oberkochen, Germany). The visual area of the retina was calculated using axial length measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  Optic disc rim areas, corrected for magnification, retinal areas, and a derived ratio, retinal area/disc rim area (RetA/DRimA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RetA/DRimA for the amblyopic eyes was significantly greater than that of the fellow and normal eyes, indicating that amblyopic eyes have larger retinal receptor areas than fellow or normal eyes. The RetA/DRimA of the fellow eyes was smaller than for the amblyopic but larger than that of the normal eyes. These differences were due to smaller optic disc rim areas in the amblyopic and fellow eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amblyopic and their fellow eyes, when compared with normal eyes, have reduced innervations of comparable retinal areas. These differences can be attributed to a paucity of nerve fibers, as indicated by the smaller neuroretinal rim areas.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA. eyechartplus@aol.com
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lempert
mesh_terms: D000550:Amblyopia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007368:Interferometry; D007834:Lasers; D008027:Light; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D010684:Philosophy; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*