title: [Application of ESR imaging technique in studying of skin-penetration properties of nitroxide free radical].
abstract: A set of L-band electron spin resonance imaging (ESRI) equipment suitable for biological species was developed and an ESRI experiment model for viable skin samples was established. The mechanic process of nitroxide free radical TEMPO (2,2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy) penetrating through skin sample and the spin density distribution of TEMPO after it interacted with skin sample were detected by the developed ESRI method. Skin samples were extracted from mice back. The experimental samples were prepared by cutting the skin pieces into square shape of 2 x 2 cm2 and then the samples were divided into three groups by treating them with three different methods: Method A, simple treatment by simply cutting the hair; method B, 8% Na2S depilation treatment for 10 min; method C, 8% Na2S depilation and then 5% pancreatic digestion treatment for 2 hours. The liposoluble solvent DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) and distilled water were used as two kinds of solvent for the TEMPO liquor. The results indicated that the skin-penetration properties of TEMPO were significantly different among samples treated with different methods and the surface cornifin of skin offered remarkable resistance to TEMPO. The TEMPO liquor of water could hardly penetrate through skins, whereas about 20%-30% of the original TEMPO compounds that solved in liposoluble solvent DMSO could penetrate through the skin sample treated with method C after 16 hours of interaction. Furthermore, the penetration rate of TEMPO through the skin tissue was a strong time dependent process. The preliminary application results suggested that ESRI technique could provide an effective and applicable method for dynamically researching skin-penetration properties of some special kinds of materials such as paramagnetic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yingguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cong
authors.forename: Qingjun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Changzhen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xian
authors.forename: Cunpu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051379:Mice; D010880:Piperidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000502:physiology*; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: C528764:2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010880:Piperidines; D013113:Spin Labels; C003959:TEMPO; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide