title: Quality of clinical aspects of call handling at Dutch out of hours centres: cross sectional national study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the quality of telephone triage by following the consecutive phases of its care process and the quality of the clinical questions asked about the patient's clinical condition, of the triage outcome, of the content of the home management advice, and of the safety net advice given at out of hours centres.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional national study using telephone incognito standardised patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  17 out of hours centres.
  
  
  METHODS
  Percentages of clinical obligatory questions asked and items within home management and safety net advice, both in relation to pre-agreed standards, and of care advice given in relation to the required care advice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The telephone incognito standardised patients presented seven clinical cases three times each over a period of 12 months, making a total of 357 calls. The mean percentage of obligatory questions asked compared with the standard was 21%. Answers to questions about the clinical condition were not always correctly evaluated from a clinical viewpoint, either by triagists or by general practitioners. The quality of information on home management and safety net advice varied, but it was consistently poor for all cases and for all out of hours centres. Triagists achieved the appropriate triage outcome in 58% of calls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In determining the outcome of the care process, triagists often reached a conclusion after asking a minimal number of questions. By analysing the quality of different phases within the process of telephone triage, evaluation of whether an appropriate triage outcome has been arrived at by means of good clinical reasoning or by an educated guess is possible. In terms of enhancing the overall clinical safety of telephone triage, apart from obtaining an appropriate clinical history, adequate home management and safety net advice must also be given.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Practice, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands. hay.derkx@medicinfo.nl
authors.forename: Hay P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Derkx
authors.forename: Jan-Joost E
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rethans
authors.forename: Arno M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Muijtjens
authors.forename: Bas H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Maiburg
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Winkens
authors.forename: Harrie G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: van Rooij
authors.forename: J André
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Knottnerus
mesh_terms: D039602:After-Hours Care / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D008487:Medical History Taking / Q000379:methods; D009426:Netherlands; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D019114:Remote Consultation / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014218:Triage / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
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