title: Involvement of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in gambogic acid induced suppression of MDA-MB-435 human breast carcinoma cell lung metastasis.
abstract: Cancer cell invasion is one of the crucial events in local spreading, growth, and metastasis of tumors. The present study investigated the antiinvasive and antimetastatic action of gambogic acid (GA) in MDA-MB-435 human breast carcinoma cells. GA caused a concentration-dependent suppression of cell invasion through Matrigel and significantly inhibited lung metastases of the cells transplanted in vivo. The potent effects of GA have been attributed to its ability to reduce the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 in vitro and in vivo both at the protein and mRNA levels, which were associated with protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway as supported by the diminished antiinvasive effect of GA in the presence of specific activator of the pathway. Collectively, our data demonstrated that GA exhibited antiinvasion properties on highly invasive cancer cells via PKC mediated MMP-2/9 expression inhibition. This indicated that GA can be served as a potential novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of cancer metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Qi-dong
authors.initials: QD
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Xiaotang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qinglong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000556:secondary; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D044004:Xanthones / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D044004:Xanthones; C052659:gambogic acid; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
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