title: Upper arm anthropometry is not a valid predictor of regional body composition in preterm infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Upper arm anthropometry has been used in the nutritional assessment of small infants, but it has not yet been validated as a predictor of regional body composition in this population.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Validation of measured and derived upper arm anthropometry as a predictor of arm fat and fat-free compartments in preterm infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Upper arm anthropometry, including the upper arm cross-sectional areas, was compared individually or in combination with other anthropometric measurements, with the cross-sectional arm areas measured by magnetic resonance imaging, in a cohort of consecutive preterm appropriate-for-gestational-age neonates, just before discharge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty infants born with (mean +/- SD) a gestational age of 30.7 +/- 1.9 weeks and birth weight of 1,380 +/- 325 g, were assessed at 35.4 +/- 1.1 weeks of corrected gestational age, weighing 1,785 +/- 93 g. None of the anthropometric measurements are reliable predictors (r(2) < 0.56) of the measurements obtained by magnetic resonance imaging, individually or in combination with other anthropometric measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both measured anthropometry and derived upper arm anthropometry are inaccurate predictors of regional body composition in preterm appropriate-for-gestational-age infants.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Dona Estefânia, Lisbon, Portugal. l.pereira.silva@netcabo.pt
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pereira-da-Silva
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abecasis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Virella
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Videira-Amaral
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D001132:Arm / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results