title: Fruitless and doublesex coordinate to generate male-specific neurons that can initiate courtship.
abstract: Biologists postulate that sexual dimorphism in the brain underlies gender differences in behavior, yet direct evidence for this has been sparse. We identified a male-specific, fruitless (fru)/doublesex (dsx)-coexpressing neuronal cluster, P1, in Drosophila. The artificial induction of a P1 clone in females effectively provokes male-typical behavior in such females even when the other parts of the brain are not masculinized. P1, located in the dorsal posterior brain near the mushroom body, is composed of 20 interneurons, each of which has a primary transversal neurite with extensive ramifications in the bilateral protocerebrum. P1 is fated to die in females through the action of a feminizing protein, DsxF. A masculinizing protein Fru is required in the male brain for correct positioning of the terminals of P1 neurites. Thus, the coordinated actions of two sex determination genes, dsx and fru, confer the unique ability to initiate male-typical sexual behavior on P1 neurons.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biology, Iwamizawa Campus, Hokkaido University of Education, Iwamizawa 068-8642, Japan. kimura@iwa.hokkyodai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hachiya
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koganezawa
authors.forename: Tatsunori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tazawa
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004330:Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D019849:Sex Determination Processes; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C070369:DSX protein, Drosophila; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C103226:fru protein, Drosophila; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins