title: The tumor necrosis factor family receptors RANK and CD40 cooperatively establish the thymic medullary microenvironment and self-tolerance.
abstract: Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) establish T cell self-tolerance through the expression of autoimmune regulator (Aire) and peripheral tissue-specific self-antigens. However, signals underlying mTEC development remain largely unclear. Here, we demonstrate crucial regulation of mTEC development by receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) and CD40 signals. Whereas only RANK signaling was essential for mTEC development during embryogenesis, in postnatal mice, cooperation between CD40 and RANK signals was required for mTEC development to successfully establish the medullary microenvironment. Ligation of RANK or CD40 on fetal thymic stroma in vitro induced mTEC development in a tumor necrosis factor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)-, NF-kappaB inducing kinase (NIK)-, and IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta)-dependent manner. These results show that developmental-stage-dependent cooperation between RANK and CD40 promotes mTEC development, thereby establishing self-tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cellular and Molecular biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokane-dai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Taishin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimo
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yanai
authors.forename: Junwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: Yuya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asaumi
authors.forename: Juli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kitazawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takayanagi
authors.forename: Josef M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Penninger
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.forename: Yousuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahama
authors.forename: Jun-Ichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D017634:Self Tolerance; D015398:Signal Transduction; D048029:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D048029:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase; C505687:Tnfrsf11a protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse