title: Transforming growth factor-beta1 increases cell migration and beta1 integrin up-regulation in human lung cancer cells.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) plays a crucial role in adhesion and migration of human cancer cells. Besides, integrins are the major adhesive molecules in mammalian cells. Here we found that TGF-beta1 increased the migration and cell surface expression of beta1 integrin in human lung cancer cells (A549 cells). TGF-beta1 stimulation increased phosphorylation of p85alpha subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Ser(473) of Akt was determined. Besides, we performed that PI3K inhibitor (Ly294002) or Akt inhibitor suppressed the TGF-beta1-induced migration activities of A549 cells. Treatment of A549 cells with NF-kappaB inhibitor (PDTC) or IkappaB protease inhibitor (TPCK) also repressed TGF-beta1-induced cells migration and beta1 integrins expression. In addition, treatment of A549 cells with TGF-beta1 induced IkappaB kinase alpha/beta (IKKalpha/beta) phosphorylation, IkappaB phosphorylation, p65 Ser(536) phosphorylation, and kappaB-luciferase activity. Furthermore, the TGF-beta1-mediated increases in IKKalpha/beta, IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and p65 Ser(536) phosphorylation were inhibited by Ly294002 and Akt inhibitor. Co-transfection with p85alpha and Akt mutants also reduced the TGF-beta1-induced kappaB-luciferase activity. Taken together, our results suggest that TGF-beta1 acts through PI3K/Akt, which in turn activates IKKalpha/beta and NF-kappaB, resulting in the activations of beta1 integrins and contributing the migration of human lung cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chin
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: Sheng-Feng
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Chien-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Te-Mao
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shung-Te
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Fuu-Jen
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Wen-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shan-Chi
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chi-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chih-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D019012:Integrin beta1; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D008156:Luciferases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase