Exploring the role of novel agents in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma.
Renal cell carcinoma represents nearly 3% of all cancers, predominantly affecting individuals >or=50 years of age, and until recently, few treatments options were available for metastatic disease. The 5-year median survival for these patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma has been estimated at <10%. This review explores the data of the most relevant trials focusing on new approaches with novel agents, including sunitinib, sorafenib, bevacizumab, temsirolimus, as well as their combinations with traditional agents. We describe mechanisms of action, activity, and toxicity profile of those agents, as well as administration schedules that have been studied in clinical trials.
Maluf
Fernando Cotait
FC
Oncology Center, Sirio Libanês Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil. maluffc@uol.com.br
Fernandes
Gustavo dos Santos
Gdos S
Kann
Ariel Galapo
AG
Aguilar-Ponce
José Luis
JL
de la Garza
Jaime
J
Buzaid
Antonio Carlos
AC
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011379:Prognosis; D011725:Pyridines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077157:Sorafenib; D000077210:Sunitinib; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D007211:Indoles; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D011758:Pyrroles; D009536:Niacinamide; D000068258:Bevacizumab; C401859:temsirolimus; D000077157:Sorafenib; D000077210:Sunitinib; D020123:Sirolimus