title: The perception and intention to adopt female-focused healthcare applications (FHA): a comparison between healthcare workers and non-healthcare workers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore differences in perception and acceptance levels of Female-focused Healthcare Applications (FHA). This study will focus on the different demographic data between female healthcare and non-healthcare workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires were used in a revised technology acceptance model entitled as the Female-focused Acceptance Model (FAM) to examine the perception and acceptance of the test subjects, using a quantitative method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within Singapore 1071 females participated in the study (71.4% response rate). The sample comprised of 241 healthcare workers (HC) and 830 non-healthcare (NHC) workers. The questionnaires were distributed to participants, by research administrators across the country, such as the National University Hospital Women's Clinics and the National Healthcare Group polyclinics. Regression analyses were performed to explain how different predictors may be correlated to each other in terms of significance. Both groups of women who believe that FHA is easy to use are confident that it will have beneficiary outcomes (p<0.001) and intend to use FHA (HC: p=0.012, NHC: p<0.001). The HC group who were in education to the university level intend to use FHA (p=0.047). The NHC group who have a good impression of current healthcare technologies (p<0.001) or were in education to a higher level (p=0.025) intend to use FHA. NHC who are not influenced by their family and friend's views of FHA feel that the devices would be useful (p=0.013). NHC who are satisfied with current healthcare technologies (p=0.048), or have previous experience of using medical devices (p=0.033) think FHA would be easy to use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that FAM works well for detecting social variables which may influence "female" acceptance (with the R square values of the FAM ranging from 54% to 68%). It presents design implications for future FHA - The direct support from HC coupled with the user-friendly personal device ensures that the technology is an effective enabler for personal well-being and self-managed healthcare. In order to encourage women to adopt and use these applications, there is a need to communicate the potential usefulness of the applications to women. To encourage the pregnant women to use FHA (in the area of prenatal care), issues such as their experience with medical devices and social status should be considered. The findings and their implications presented here were obtained from a single study that targeted a possible user group in Singapore. Further research could be carried out in the future to access similar issues across broader cultural and social horizons.
authors.affiliation: School of Design and Environment, NUS, Department of Architecture, 4 Architecture Drive, Singapore 117566, Singapore. g0500826@nus.edu.sg
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lishan
authors.forename: Yen Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chiuan
authors.forename: Mahesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Choolani
authors.forename: Chan Hock
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chuan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires