title: Liesegang rings in fine needle aspirate of breast cysts with predominance of apocrine cells: a study of 14 cases.
abstract: Fine needle aspirate (FNA) from 14 cases (age range 17-84 years), with Liesegang rings (LR's) in breast cysts seen over a period of 26 years comprised the material of this study from more than 38,000 FNA's of the breast which had been done for a variety of breast lesions. In six of the 14 cases, the aspirate was obtained under ultrasound guidance whereas in the remaining cases it was collected from a palpable lesion. The aspiration was performed using a 22 gauge needle and the syringe and needle contents were washed in a cytology container with 30% ethyl alcohol in physiologic saline. The cytologic preparations from half of the sample were made on a 5 micron Schleicher and Schuell filter and stained by Papanicolaou method whereas from the remainder of the sample a cell block was made and sections cut, stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and used for immunohistochemical study.Filter preparations and cell blocks revealed cyanophilic, spherical, ring-like structures of various sizes and shape mostly with double walls, and striations with amorphous material in the lumen and under polarized light were nonrefractile. Seen also were several apocrine cells and some macrophages and the LR's were found to be negative on immunostains for EMA and CK, and a panel of other special stains (Table I). Since LR's can be mistaken for ova, larvae, or parasites, it is important to be aware of their potential presence in aspirate samples of breast cysts to avoid a misdiagnosis. The exact mechanism of formation of LR's is not fully understood and certain views as proposed are discussed in this presentation.
authors.affiliation: Cytology Unit, Aotea Pathology, Wellington, New Zealand. raj.gupta@xtra.co.nz
authors.forename: Raj K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle / Q000379:methods; D047688:Breast Cyst / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D022083:Cytoplasmic Structures / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D016591:Histocytological Preparation Techniques / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged