title: A cost-effectiveness model comparing endovascular repair to open surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms in Canada.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary risk of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is rupture, which is associated with a high mortality rate. Elective surgical options for AAA include open repair (OR) and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). EVAR is less invasive than OR, and therefore may have less surgical risk than OR. However, the graft used for EVAR is much more expensive then the graft used for OR.
  
  
  METHODS
  A decision model with a 10-year time horizon was used to assess the cost-effectiveness of EVAR versus OR. The primary outcome measure was quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). The model incorporated the costs and benefits of both perioperative outcomes and postoperative outcomes. A systematic review was conducted to derive clinical outcome rates. Cost and utility model variables were based on various literature sources and data from a recent Canadian observational study. Parameter uncertainty was assessed using probabilistic sensitivity analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the base-case model, the incremental cost per QALY of EVAR was estimated to be $268,337, whereas the incremental cost per life-year was found to be $444,129. The incremental cost per QALY of EVAR remained above $295,715 under different assumptions of cohort age and model time horizon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on commonly quoted willingness-to-pay thresholds, EVAR was not found to be cost-effective compared to OR.
authors.affiliation: Program for Assessment of Technology in Health (PATH) Research Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. blackhou@mcmaster.ca
authors.forename: Gord
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blackhouse
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Rose
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Novick
authors.forename: Jean-Eric
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Tarride
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goeree
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000191:economics*; D002170:Canada; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D018803:Models, Economic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011336:Probability; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data