title: Physiological levels of insulin and IGF-1 synergistically enhance the differentiation of mesenteric adipocytes.
abstract: Visceral adipose tissue, particularly mesenteric adipose tissue, is important in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Here, we present a physiologically relevant differentiation system of rat mesenteric-stromal vascular cells (mSVC) to mesenteric-visceral adipocytes (mVAC). We optimized the insulin concentration at levels comparable to those in vivo ( approximately 0.85 ng/ml) by including physiological concentrations of IGF-1. We found that the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and insulin worked synergistically, since IGF-1 alone could induce CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) and adipocyte lipid binding protein (aP2) mRNA expression but not lipid droplet accumulation associated with maturation. Using real-time PCR analyses on 180 adipocyte-related genes, we identified a dramatic effect by IGF-1 plus insulin. We also demonstrated the state of insulin resistance at pathologically high insulin concentrations. This culture system will contribute to understanding the physiological differentiation process and the patho/physiology of mVAC.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashige
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagafuku
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taira
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Jin-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Inokuchi
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004357:Drug Synergism; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008643:Mesentery / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; C524662:FABP4 protein, rat; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I