title: Phenotypic and functional reversal within the early human hematopoietic compartment.
abstract: The fate of phenotypically defined human hematopoietic stem cells (hHSCs) in culture and the link between their surface marker expression profile and function are still controversial. We studied these aspects of hHSC biology by relating the expression of the early lineage markers (ELM) CD33, CD38, and CD71 on the surface of human umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34(+) cells to their long-term nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mouse repopulation activity (LT-SRA). In uncultured UCB samples, LT-SRA was largely confined to the small CD34(+)ELM(-) cell fraction. CD34(+) cells expressing ELM markers at their surface usually lacked LT-SRA. After culturing UCB CD34(+) cells for 6 days in serum-free medium and on a feeder layer of Rat2 cells, the number of CD34(+)ELM(-) cells stayed roughly the same or showed a slight increase and the LT-SRA was preserved, suggesting a close association between LT-SRA and the CD34(+)ELM(-) phenotype. Indeed, transplantation of CD34(+)ELM(-) cells isolated from cultured UCB CD34(+) cells resulted in long-term hematopoietic reconstitution of conditioned NOD/SCID mice, whereas CD34(+)ELM(+) cells derived from the same cultures were devoid of LT-SRA. Remarkably, roughly 1% of the cells recovered from cultures initiated with isolated CD34(+)ELM(+) cells had lost ELM surface expression. Concurrently, the cultured CD34(+)ELM(+) cells acquired LT-SRA, suggesting that hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) may arise by the dedifferentiation of early hematopoietic progenitor cells. The latter finding challenges the paradigm of unidirectional hematopoietic differentiation and opens new opportunities for HSC expansion prior to transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Virus and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. s.knaan@lumc.nl
authors.forename: Shoshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knaän-Shanzer
authors.forename: Ietje
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: van der Velde-van Dijke
authors.forename: Marloes J M
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van de Watering
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: de Leeuw
authors.forename: Dinko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valerio
authors.forename: Dirk W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: van Bekkum
authors.forename: Antoine A F
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free / Q000378:metabolism; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D006413:Hematopoietic System; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008954:Models, Biological; D010641:Phenotype; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; C571163:CD33 protein, human; C068126:CD71 antigen; C571165:Cd33 protein, mouse; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1