Larvicidal and adulticidal activities of some medicinal plants against the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi (Liston).
The present study was undertaken to test the efficacy of 11 commonly available medicinal plants and compare its efficacy in relation to larvicidal and mosquitocidal activities against larvae and adults of Anopheles stephensi (Liston). All the medicinal plants and the mixture were effective against larvae of A. stephensi as evidenced by low lethal concentration and lethal time. The lethality varied in adults and plant extracts of mixture; Eucalyptus globulus, Cymbopogan citratus, Artemisia annua, Justicia gendarussa, Myristica fragrans, Annona squamosa, and Centella asiatica were found to be most effective. Larval mortality between 80% and 100% was observed in mixture treatment, C. asiatica and E. globulus. The adults that emerged from all the treatments were malformed. Further, the treated larvae showed significant decrement in the levels of protein, carbohydrate, and lipids and affect negatively the presence of certain amino acids. The present findings have important implications in the practical control of mosquito larvae and adults in the aquatic ecosystem as the medicinal plants studied are commonly available in large quantities. These plant extracts are easy to prepare, inexpensive, and safe for mosquito control which might be used directly as larvicidal and mosquitocidal agents in small volume aquatic habitats or breeding sites of around human dwellings.
Senthilkumar
N
N
Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796 009 Mizoram, India. kumarsysu@hotmail.com
Varma
Pushkala
P
Gurusubramanian
G
G
D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D016019:Survival Analysis
D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts
Bioresour Technol. 2006 Sep;97(14):1599-604
16356712
Bioresour Technol. 2001 Feb;76(3):287-8
11198185
J Vector Ecol. 2004 Dec;29(2):340-6
15707293
Parasitol Res. 2006 Sep;99(4):466-72
16642386
J Vector Borne Dis. 2007 Jun;44(2):145-8
17722869
Parasitol Res. 2006 Sep;99(4):478-90
16642384
J Biol Chem. 1957 May;226(1):497-509
13428781
Indian J Med Res. 1996 Jan;103:26-45
8926025
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2006 Sep;37(5):915-31
17333734
Parasitol Res. 2008 Jun;103(1):223-9
18392726
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2004 Aug;57(4):176-7
15329451
Parasitol Res. 2006 Sep;99(4):491-9
16642383
J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265-75
14907713