title: Distraction osteogenesis for correction of three-dimensional deformities with shortening of lower limbs by Taylor Spatial Frame.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical results of correction of three-dimensional deformities with shortening of lower limbs by simple two-ring system of Taylor Spatial Frame have been reported. The deformities were caused by various kinds of skeletal disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten cases were successfully corrected using distraction osteogenesis, being one case showed recurrence of deformity due to the nature of the disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ranges of corrected deformities were 5 degrees-55 degrees in coronal angulation, 2 degrees-47 degrees in sagittal angulation, and 5 degrees-40 degrees in rotational deformities. Amount of lengthening ranged from 1.2 to 6.0 cm. Pin-site infection occurred in five cases, being no other complications. External fixation index was longer in a group of rotational correction over 10 degrees.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current report seems the first series of cases with four-dimensional deformities treated by distraction osteogenesis by TSF and may help to determine the indication of use of TSF in case of treatment of patients suffering from deformities in the lower limbs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hoshigaokakouseinenkin Hospital, 4-8-1, Hohigaoka, Hirakata, 573-8511, Japan. tnakase@ff.iij4u.or.jp
authors.forename: Takanobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakase
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Chikahisa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004867:Equipment Design; D016267:External Fixators; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D018889:Ilizarov Technique / Q000295:instrumentation; D007870:Leg Length Inequality / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D017880:Limb Deformities, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction; D011859:Radiography; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013977:Tibia / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult