Non-classical genomic estrogen receptor (ER)/specificity protein and ER/activating protein-1 signaling pathways.
17beta-estradiol binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) to activate gene expression or repression and this involves both genomic (nuclear) and non-genomic (extranuclear) pathways. Genomic pathways include the classical interactions of ligand-bound ER dimers with estrogen-responsive elements in target gene promoters. ER-dependent activation of gene expression also involves DNA-bound ER that subsequently interacts with other DNA-bound transcriptions factors and direct ER-transcription factor (protein-protein) interactions where ER does not bind promoter DNA. Ligand-induced activation of ER/specificity protein (Sp) and ER/activating protein-1 [(AP-1); consisting of jun/fos] complexes are important pathways for modulating expression of a large number of genes. This review summarizes some of the characteristics of ER/Sp- and ER/AP-1-mediated transactivation, which are dependent on ligand structure, cell context, ER-subtype (ERalpha and ERbeta), and Sp protein (SP1, SP3, and SP4) and demonstrates that this non-classical genomic pathway is also functional in vivo.
Safe
Stephen
S
Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4466, USA. ssafe@cvm.tamu.edu
Kim
Kyounghyun
K
Kim
Kyoungkim
K
D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D008024:Ligands; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D004958:Estradiol
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 May 8;104(19):8173-7
17470805
Endocrinology. 2006 Feb;147(2):899-911
16254027
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Jan;88(1):53-9
15026083
Endocrinology. 2000 Jul;141(7):2439-49
10875244
Endocrinology. 1999 Jun;140(6):2501-8
10342835
Endocrinology. 2000 Jun;141(6):2266-74
10830317
Mol Endocrinol. 2006 Aug;20(8):1707-14
16396959
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007 May 15;461(2):200-10
17306756
Mol Endocrinol. 2000 May;14(5):753-60
10809237
Endocrinology. 2003 Jun;144(6):2325-35
12746293
J Biol Chem. 2005 Jan 7;280(1):347-54
15509581
J Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Feb;34(1):77-89
15691879
J Biol Chem. 1992 Sep 5;267(25):17944-8
1381357
Endocrinology. 2001 Mar;142(3):1000-8
11181512
Mol Endocrinol. 1994 Jun;8(6):693-703
7935485
Mol Endocrinol. 2008 Jan;22(1):10-22
17901129
J Mol Endocrinol. 2007 Oct;39(4):289-304
17909268
Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Aug 1;27(15):2991-3000
10454592
Cancer Res. 2001 May 15;61(10):4143-54
11358838
Science. 1986 Oct 3;234(4772):47-52
3529394
Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Dec;18(12):2937-49
15358836
Biochem J. 2000 Dec 15;352 Pt 3:763-72
11104684
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2002 Sep 30;195(1-2):27-38
12354670
Eur J Cancer. 2005 Nov;41(16):2438-48
16209919
Vitam Horm. 2001;62:231-52
11345900
Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Jun 15;10(12 Pt 1):4109-17
15217947
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 May;92(5):1920-6
17311863
Endocrinology. 2007 Nov;148(11):5288-94
17673514
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2000 Nov 30;74(5):311-7
11162939
Endocrinology. 1998 Apr;139(4):1981-90
9528985
Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Dec;17(12):2613-29
12947046
J Biol Chem. 2007 Sep 14;282(37):27478-27492
17635926
J Biol Chem. 1998 Feb 20;273(8):4360-6
9468485
Endocrinology. 2007 Oct;148(10):4821-8
17656465
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 May;110(1-2):104-15
18400491
Nat Genet. 2006 Nov;38(11):1289-97
17013392
J Biol Chem. 2006 Jul 7;281(27):18825-36
16651265
Exp Cell Res. 2005 Jan 1;302(1):96-107
15541729
Science. 1997 Sep 5;277(5331):1508-10
9278514
Endocrinology. 2003 Nov;144(11):4894-904
12960079
Genomics. 2005 May;85(5):551-6
15820306
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2003 Mar 28;201(1-2):165-75
12706304
Cancer Res. 2005 Feb 1;65(3):1007-17
15705902
Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Nov 1;12(21):6395-402
17085651
J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 27;276(17):13615-21
11278408
J Biol Chem. 2000 Feb 25;275(8):5379-87
10681512
Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jul;27(14):5090-104
17515612
Mol Cell Biol. 1995 Dec;15(12):6710-9
8524236
Mol Endocrinol. 2003 Feb;17(2):287-99
12554755
Endocrinology. 2005 Feb;146(2):760-8
15528301
J Cell Physiol. 2001 Aug;188(2):143-60
11424081
J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 10;269(23):16433-42
8206951
Endocrinology. 2001 Aug;142(8):3493-501
11459795
PLoS Genet. 2007 Jun;3(6):e87
17542648
EMBO J. 1991 Dec;10(12):3839-49
1935903
Oncogene. 1992 Aug;7(8):1587-94
1630819
Endocrinology. 2007 Apr;148(4):1902-10
17204553
Endocrinology. 2002 Dec;143(12):4583-91
12446585
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jan 1;90(1):203-7
8419924
Endocrinology. 2000 Aug;141(8):2829-36
10919269
J Biol Chem. 1994 Nov 18;269(46):28955-62
7961858
J Biol Chem. 2002 Jan 18;277(3):1669-79
11700319
J Biol Chem. 1993 Jul 5;268(19):14103-8
8314777
Endocrinology. 1999 Jan;140(1):219-27
9886828
Cell. 1990 Dec 21;63(6):1267-76
2124518
J Endocrinol. 2006 Dec;191(3):605-12
17170218
Mol Endocrinol. 1997 Oct;11(11):1569-80
9328340
Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Dec;5(12):1983-92
1791843
Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Apr;19(4):843-54
15637147
Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 2004;77:1-36
15196889
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2007 Feb 2;353(1):86-91
17161377
Oncogene. 2003 Jul 31;22(31):4875-81
12894229
BMC Cancer. 2002 Dec 10;2:35
12475396
Mol Endocrinol. 2001 Nov;15(11):1906-17
11682622
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Apr 4;303(2):660-8
12659870
Endocrinology. 2006 Jul;147(7):3285-95
16574784
Cancer Res. 2003 Jun 1;63(11):2820-8
12782587
J Biol Chem. 2001 Aug 17;276(33):30853-61
11410592
Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Oct;13(10):1672-85
10517669
Nature. 1985 Aug 29-Sep 4;316(6031):774-8
4041012
EMBO J. 1991 Aug;10(8):2237-45
1906001
J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 13;276(15):11590-8
11145955
J Biol Chem. 1994 Jun 3;269(22):15912-7
8195246
Mol Endocrinol. 2003 May;17(5):804-17
12576490
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 Jun;110(3-5):197-206
18508261
Mol Endocrinol. 2007 Jul;21(7):1617-29
17456793
Mol Endocrinol. 2008 Feb;22(2):388-402
18006642
J Biol Chem. 2001 Feb 9;276(6):3827-32
11060287
Dev Biol. 1996 Jun 15;176(2):284-99
8660867
J Biol Chem. 2004 Apr 2;279(14):13911-24
14726517
Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 15;60(6):1546-51
10749121
Mol Endocrinol. 1998 Jun;12(6):882-90
9626663
J Biol Chem. 2006 Sep 8;281(36):26683-92
16847062
Cell. 1997 May 16;89(4):619-28
9160753
Mol Endocrinol. 2000 Jul;14(7):972-85
10894148
J Biol Chem. 2000 Aug 18;275(33):25781-90
10829018
Mol Pharmacol. 2002 Jun;61(6):1273-83
12021387
Mech Dev. 2001 Aug;106(1-2):77-83
11472836
Chem Biol. 2001 May;8(5):427-36
11358690
Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Dec 15;9(17):6371-80
14695137
Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Feb;19(2):362-78
15514030
Mol Endocrinol. 1995 Apr;9(4):443-56
7659088
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2008 Jan 16;281(1-2):9-18
18022314
J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 13;277(50):48479-83
12411447
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2005 Dec 21;245(1-2):53-9
16298037
Oncogene. 2004 Feb 5;23(5):1052-63
14647449
Mol Endocrinol. 1990 Nov;4(11):1720-6
2126340
J Biol Chem. 1997 Jul 18;272(29):18250-60
9218463
Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Aug;13(8):1373-87
10446910
Mol Endocrinol. 2002 Oct;16(10):2188-201
12351685
Cell Growth Differ. 1996 Mar;7(3):351-9
8838865
Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):79-87
6313230
Mol Endocrinol. 1996 Nov;10(11):1371-8
8923463
Cancer Res. 2007 Nov 15;67(22):11001-11
18006846
Int J Oncol. 2004 Aug;25(2):461-8
15254745
Genes Cells. 2001 Aug;6(8):689-97
11532028
J Biol Chem. 1998 Apr 24;273(17):10696-701
9553133
J Biol Chem. 1999 Nov 5;274(45):32099-107
10542244
J Cell Biochem. 2001;84(1):156-72
11746525
Endocrinology. 2003 May;144(5):1675-85
12697671
J Mol Endocrinol. 2000 Jun;24(3):329-38
10828826
J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 28;275(30):22769-79
10816575
Endocrinology. 1999 Jun;140(6):2517-25
10342837
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2002 Jun 7;294(2):384-94
12051724
Genome Biol. 2006;7(9):R82
16961928
Gynecol Oncol. 2006 Nov;103(2):417-24
16690106