title: Anterior and posterior urethral valves with subcoronal hypospadias: a rare association.
abstract: Association of the anterior and posterior urethral valve is a rare congenital anomaly which can lead to various urinary tract symptoms. An 8-year-old boy was referred by his primary care physician for urinary dribbling, straining at micturition, and recurrent febrile urinary tract infection since the age of 2 years. Clinically, the bladder was palpable; both testes were normal, and, in addition, he had a subcoronal hypospadias. Diagnosis was confirmed by retrograde urethrogram and voiding cystourethrogram (micturating cystourethrogram) and urethroscopy. Cystoscopic ablation of both valves was done by electrocautery hook using low current at 5 o'clock and 7 o'clock directions. He voided with good flow and to completion. Urinary dribbling had completely subsided and renal function was normal at a follow-up period of 36 months with freedom from recurrent urinary tract infection. Both the anterior and posterior urethral valves develop from different embryological sources; thus, this association is rare. A case with this association has not been reported previously in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India.
authors.forename: Suresh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhagat
authors.forename: Ganesh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gopalakrishnan
authors.forename: Nitin S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kekre
authors.forename: Santosh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D014521:Urethra / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery