title: Cell therapy for bone regeneration--bench to bedside.
abstract: The concept of bone tissue engineering, which began in the early 1980s, has seen tremendous growth in the numbers of research studies. One of the key areas of research has been in the field of mesenchymal stem cells, where the challenge is to produce the perfect tissue-engineered bone construct. This practical review summarizes basic and applied state-of-the-art research in the area of mesenchymal stem cells, and highlights the important translational research that has already been initiated. The topics that will be covered include the sources of stem cells in use, scaffolds, gene therapy, clinical applications in nonunions, tumors, osteonecrosis, revision arthroplasties, and spine fusion. Although significant challenges remain, there exists an exceptional opportunity to translate basic research in mesenchymal stem cell technologies into viable clinical treatments for bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California 94305-5326, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Casey K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Nilesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Stuart B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds