title: Type II hydride transferases from different microorganisms yield nitrite and diarylamines from polynitroaromatic compounds.
abstract: Homogenous preparations of XenB of Pseudomonas putida, pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase of Enterobacter cloacae, and N-ethylmaleimide reductase of Escherichia coli, all type II hydride transferases of the Old Yellow Enzyme family of flavoproteins, are shown to reduce the polynitroaromatic compound 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The reduction of this compound yields hydroxylaminodinitrotoluenes and Meisenheimer dihydride complexes, which, upon condensation, yield stoichiometric amounts of nitrite and diarylamines, implying that type II hydride transferases are responsible for TNT denitration, a process with important environmental implications for TNT remediation.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Protección Ambiental, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Dillewijn
authors.forename: Rolf-Michael
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Wittich
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: Juan-Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ramos
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D016972:Enterobacter cloacae / Q000201:enzymology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D005420:Flavoproteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D009603:Nitroso Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D016958:Pseudomonas putida / Q000201:enzymology; D014166:Transferases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005420:Flavoproteins; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; D009573:Nitrites; D009603:Nitroso Compounds; C122135:XenB protein, Pseudomonas; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C040723:alpha,beta-ketoalkene reductase; C098939:pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase; D014166:Transferases
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