title: Genetic influences on the difference in variability of height, weight and body mass index between Caucasian and East Asian adolescent twins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Twin studies are useful for investigating the causes of trait variation between as well as within a population. The goals of the present study were two-fold: First, we aimed to compare the total phenotypic, genetic and environmental variances of height, weight and BMI between Caucasians and East Asians using twins. Secondly, we intended to estimate the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to differences in variability of height, weight and BMI between Caucasians and East Asians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Height and weight data from 3735 Caucasian and 1584 East Asian twin pairs (age: 13-15 years) from Australia, China, Finland, Japan, the Netherlands, South Korea, Taiwan and the United States were used for analyses. Maximum likelihood twin correlations and variance components model-fitting analyses were conducted to fulfill the goals of the present study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The absolute genetic variances for height, weight and BMI were consistently greater in Caucasians than in East Asians with corresponding differences in total variances for all three body measures. In all 80 to 100% of the differences in total variances of height, weight and BMI between the two population groups were associated with genetic differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Height, weight and BMI were more variable in Caucasian than in East Asian adolescents. Genetic variances for these three body measures were also larger in Caucasians than in East Asians. Variance components model-fitting analyses indicated that genetic factors contributed to the difference in variability of height, weight and BMI between the two population groups. Association studies for these body measures should take account of our findings of differences in genetic variances between the two population groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea. ymhur@snu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Y-M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaprio
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Iacono
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Boomsma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGue
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Silventoinen
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luciano
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Visscher
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ooki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: C C H
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Lajunen
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Cornes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.forename: C E M
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: van Beijsterveldt
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Cherny
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D001827:Body Height / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
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