title: Association study of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 and arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase polymorphisms with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in Han Chinese.
abstract: METHODS
  A genetic association study of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 gene (TPH1) and arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase gene(AANAT) with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) in Han Chinese.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To access whether TPH1 and AANAT polymorphisms are associated with the predisposition, gender, and/or severity of AIS.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Studies have shown that AIS is a multifactorial inheritance disease, but the etiology is still unknown. In addition, several lines of evidence show that melatonin deficiency is closely associated with AIS, although there are still doubts and debates. Some polymorphisms in TPH1 and AANAT, the genes of 2 critical enzymes involved in melatonin biosynthesis, may contribute to variability of melatonin production in pineal glands.
  
  
  METHODS
  We genotyped 16 reported single nuclear polymorphisms (SNPs) present in TPH1 and AANAT in 103 AIS patients and 108 controls with matched sex and age. The data of 6 SNPs with minor allele frequence (MAF) above 5% were analyzed by the allelic and genotypic association analysis, the genotype-phenotype (gender and Cobb angle) association analysis, and the haplotype analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The single SNP analysis showed that rs10488682, located in the promoter region of TPH1, was related with the occurrence of AIS (P < 0.05). No SNP was found to be correlated with gender or Cobb angle. Two makers (rs8176799 and rs2108977) in TPH1 were found to be in strong LD [ D' = 1.0 (95% CI, 0.9-1.0), gamma = 0.501, LOD = 18.93] in the controls. Both global haplotype analysis and individual haplotype analysis showed that there was no haplotype significantly associated with AIS in this LD block.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TPH1 polymorphisms were associated with AIS but not with gender and Cobb angle in AIS patients. AANAT polymorphisms were not associated with AIS. These results suggested that TPH1 was an AIS predisposition gene, and there was a close relationship between the dyssynthesis of melatonin and AIS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qianyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yipeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yaozhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Guixing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D047068:Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011859:Radiography; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C497467:TPH1 protein, human; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase; D047068:Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase