title: The Mouse Limb Anatomy Atlas: an interactive 3D tool for studying embryonic limb patterning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The developing mouse limb is widely used as a model system for studying tissue patterning. Despite this, few references are available that can be used for the correct identification of developing limb structures, such as muscles and tendons. Existing textual references consist of two-dimensional (2D) illustrations of the adult rat or mouse limb that can be difficult to apply when attempting to describe the complex three-dimensional (3D) relationship between tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To improve the resources available in the mouse model, we have generated a free, web-based, interactive reference of limb muscle, tendon, and skeletal structures at embryonic day (E) 14.5 http://www.nimr.mrc.ac.uk/3dlimb/. The Atlas was generated using mouse forelimb and hindlimb specimens stained using immunohistochemistry to detect muscle and tendon. Limbs were scanned using Optical Projection Tomography (OPT), reconstructed to make 3D models and annotated using computer-assisted segmentation tools in Amira 3D Visualisation software. The annotated dataset is visualised using Java, JAtlasView software. Users click on the names of structures and view their shape, position and relationship with other structures within the 3D model and also in 2D virtual sections.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Mouse Limb Anatomy Atlas provides a novel and valuable tool for researchers studying limb development and can be applied to a range of research areas, including the identification of abnormal limb patterning in transgenic lines and studies of models of congenital limb abnormalities. By using the Atlas for "virtual" dissection, this resource offers an alternative to animal dissection. The techniques we have developed and employed are also applicable to many other model systems and anatomical structures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London, UK. adelaur@nimr.mrc.ac.uk
authors.forename: April
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delaurier
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baldock
authors.forename: Duncan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Mohun
authors.forename: Malcolm Po
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Logan
mesh_terms: D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000502:physiology*; D005121:Extremities / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology*; D005552:Forelimb / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D020407:Internet; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D051381:Rats; D012984:Software
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