title: Hypoxia controls CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell homeostasis via hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha.
abstract: Recent data suggest that hypoxia and its principal molecular signature HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducing factor-1) may tune down inflammation by dictating anti-inflammatory programs. We tested the effects of hypoxia and HIF-1alpha on the homeostasis of naturally occurring regulatory T cells (Treg) and their transcriptional activator Foxp3. Hypoxia induced a time-dependent increase in HIF-1alpha in mouse and human T cells. Hypoxia upregulated the expression of Foxp3 in Jurkat T cells, human and murine mononuclear cells. The effects of hypoxia on Foxp3 expression were HIF-1alpha-dependent as they were abolished upon transfection with short-interfering RNAs for HIF-1alpha and promoted by HIF-1alpha overexpression. Hypoxia increased the potency of Treg, as hypoxic CD4(+)CD25(+) lymphocytes were more effective than normoxic cells in suppressing the proliferation of CD4(+)CD25(-) effectors. In vivo expression of HIF-1alpha achieved by hydrodynamic injection of the respective naked DNA similarly induced an increase in Foxp3 expression and an increase in the number of functionally active Foxp3(+)CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg. Thus, hypoxia dictates an anti-inflammatory program by driving expression of HIF-1alpha that acts to increase the number and suppressive properties of naturally occurring CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Cardiology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ben-Shoshan
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maysel-Auslender
authors.forename: Adi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mor
authors.forename: Gad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Keren
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D051379:Mice; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit