title: Liver enzymes improve over twenty-four months of first-line non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based therapy in rural Uganda.
abstract: We studied hepatic transaminases among rural Ugandans initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and assessed the impact of positive serology for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and coadministration of therapy for tuberculosis. From July 2003 to December 2004, persons with symptomatic HIV disease or a CD4 count less than 250 cells/mm(3) and who had alanine transferase (ALT) or aspartate transferase (AST) less than 5 times the upper limit of normal were started on HAART including nevirapine (96%) or efavirenz (4%). Repository sera from a subset of 596 participants were analyzed for hepatic transaminase levels. A transaminase elevation was present before therapy for 249 (42%) of 596, at 3 months for 140 (25%) of 553, 12 months for 59 (11%) of 520, and 24 months for 67 (13%) of 508. In multivariate analyses, a transaminase elevation at 3 months was associated with male gender (odds ratio [OR], 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-2.35), body mass index less than 18 kg/m(2) (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.34-3.30), transaminase elevation at baseline (OR, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.30-2.99), and treatment for tuberculosis (OR, 4.68; 95% CI, 2.28-9.59). HBsAg status was not associated with transaminase elevations at baseline or while on HAART. The prevalence of hepatic transaminase elevations decreased during non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral therapy in this cohort of HIV-infected persons in rural Uganda.
authors.affiliation: Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. pweidle@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Weidle
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mermin
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buchacz
authors.forename: Willy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Were
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Downing
authors.forename: Aminah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kigozi
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ndazima
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012306:Risk; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D000637:Transaminases