title: Optimizing therapeutic effects in patients with comorbidities: drug-resistant tremor, autonomic dysfunction, psychiatric disorders, and cognitive impairment.
abstract: Parkinsonism is a syndrome characterized by a combination of cardinal features including resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and loss of postural reflexes. The most common presentation of parkinsonism is the idiopathic variety first described by James Parkinson in 1817 now known as Parkinson's disease (PD). This article focuses on identifying the different subtypes of PD, with the recognition that treatment approaches may differ depending on the initial presenting feature. It also addresses issues related to the recognition and treatment of nonmotor comorbidities of PD, such as autonomic dysfunction and neuropsychiatric problems including depression and dementia.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Center for Movement Disorders, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9036, USA. schit1@mednet.swmed.edu
authors.forename: Shilpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chitnis
mesh_terms: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents