CpG Immunotherapy in Chenopodium album sensitized mice: The comparison of IFN-gamma, IL-10 and IgE responses in intranasal and subcutaneous administrations.
BACKGROUND
Mucosal-based immunotherapy has been already used as an alternative form of allergen delivery. In asthma, the poor success rate of immune modulation could be a consequence of inadequate immune modulation in the airways. Previously, we have found that subcutaneous (S.C) co-administration of a homemade allergenic extract from Chenopodium album (Ch.a) pollen and Guanine-Cytosine containing deoxynucleotides (CpG-ODNs) is effective to prevent the inflammatory responses in mouse. In this study we used CpG/Ch.a for immunotherapy of Ch.a-induced asthma and compared the intranasal (I.N) and S.C routes of administration concerning IFN-gamma, IL-10 and total IgE responses.


METHODS
Ch.a sensitized mice were treated intranasaly or subcutaneously using CpG and Ch.a. extract. IFN-gamma, IL-10 and total IgE were measured in supernatant culture of splenocytes and bronchoalveolor lavage (BAL) fluids by ELISA. Student's t test was used in the analysis of the results obtained from the test and control mice.


RESULTS
We found that I.N administration of CpG/Ch.a in sensitized mice significantly increased the production of systemic and mucosal IFN-gamma and IL-10 compared to phosphate buffered saline (PBS), Ch.a alone and control ODNs treated sensitized mice (P </= 0.001). On the other hand, S.C. route induced the systemic and mucosal IFN-gamma in the lower levels than in I.N one, and failed to increase systemic IL-10 induction (P = 0.06). Total serum IgE in CpG/Ch.a treated mice in both routes showed significant decreases compared to three control groups (P </= 0.01). The amounts of IgE in BAL fluids were not measurable in all groups.


CONCLUSIONS
According to the results of this experiment we concluded that immunotherapy via the I.N co-administration of CpG/Ch.a in comparison with S.C route is more effective to stimulate the mucosal and regulatory responses in Ch.a induced asthma.
Mousavi
Tahereh
T
Department of Immunology, Iran University of medical sciences, Shahid Hemmat highway 14496, Tehran, Iran. mousavi36@yahoo.com.
Tajik
Nader
N
Moradi
Maziar
M
Radjabzadeh
Masoomeh Fallah
MF
Respir Res. 2007 Feb 28;8:17
17328813
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005 Dec;116(6):1202-5
16337446
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2004 Sep;4(9):1533-40
15335319
J Immunol. 2000 Mar 1;164(5):2701-10
10679111
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2006 Nov;13(11):1278-86
16928885
Int Immunopharmacol. 2007 Jan;7(1):46-54
17161816
Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Feb;29(2):385-7
16462052
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2003 Jun;2(2):107-9
17301365
Laryngoscope. 2002 Oct;112(10):1819-26
12368622
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008 Mar;7(1):1-6
18322305
Am J Rhinol. 2006 Mar-Apr;20(2):212-8
16686392
Vaccine. 2008 Jan 10;26(2):224-33
18063448
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2003 Nov;285(5):L1137-46
12857672
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2003 Jun;28(6):655-63
12760963
J Immunol. 2003 Mar 1;170(5):2367-73
12594259
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2007 Feb;136(2):246-51
17275548
Nat Immunol. 2003 Jul;4(7):687-93
12766768
Annu Rev Immunol. 2002;20:709-60
11861616
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2002 Nov;9(6):1260-9
12414759
Antisense Nucleic Acid Drug Dev. 1998 Apr;8(2):181-4
9593061
Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy. 2003 Jun;2(2):175-86
14561171
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2000 Apr;278(4):L667-74
10749743
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002 Mar;109(3):455-62
11897991
J Clin Immunol. 2001 May;21(3):175-82
11403224