title: Spray pattern and droplet size analyses for high-shear viscosity determination of aqueous suspension corticosteroid nasal sprays.
abstract: Aqueous suspension corticosteroid nasal sprays exhibit the rheological property of shear thinning, meaning they exhibit a decrease in viscosity upon application of shear. Most rheological methods are limited in the amount of shear that can be applied to samples (approximately 1,000 s(-1)) and thus can only approximate the viscosities at the high-shear conditions of nasal spray devices (approximately 10(5)-10(6) s(-1)). In the current work, spray area and droplet size were shown to demonstrate viscosity dependence. Three Newtonian fluids were used to determine equations to approximate viscosity at the spray nozzle from correlations to spray area and droplet size using a standard 100 microL Pfeiffer nasal spray pump. Several shear-thinning solutions, including four commercial aqueous suspension corticosteroid nasal sprays and three aqueous Avicel (1, 2, and 3%, wt/wt) samples, were analyzed to demonstrate the ability of spray area and droplet size analysis to estimate high-shear viscosities. The calculated viscosity values trend in accordance with the rheometer data along with the ability to distinguish differences between all samples analyzed.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Respiratory Product Development, Schering Plough Research Institute, Summit, NJ 07901, USA.
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pennington
authors.forename: Preetanshu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tat
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Willson
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Donovan
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D010316:Particle Size; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013535:Suspensions; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D013535:Suspensions; D002482:Cellulose