title: Outcome measures in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with systemic sclerosis.
abstract: SSc is complicated in approximately 10% of the patients by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a rare dyspnoea-fatigue syndrome caused by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. The prognosis of SSc-PAH is particularly poor, with estimated survival rates of approximately 50% at 2 yrs without pulmonary circulation-targeted therapies. Prostacyclins, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors have been shown to be efficacious in PAH, with persistent long-term benefit and approximate doubling of survival rate, and these encouraging results appear transposable to the SSc-PAH subcategory. However, PAH as well as SSc-PAH remain incurable, with insufficient functional improvement in many patients. More progress is needed, and this will require more effective drugs and adapted outcome measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kowal-Bielecka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delcroix
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vonk-Noordegraaf
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Hoeper
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naeije
mesh_terms: D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome