title: Interleukin-10 is an essential modulator of mucoid metaplasia in a mouse otitis media model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inflammatory cytokines are involved in the development of mucous cell metaplasia and hyperplasia (MCM) in otitis media (OM). However, which cytokines play an essential role in the MCM of OM is not clear at the moment.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we hypothesized that interleukin-10 (IL-10) played an indispensable role in the MCM of bacterial OM, and we used IL-10 knockout mice to test this hypothesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In wild-type mice, both Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae triggered the development of MCM in the middle ear mucosa. In IL-10 knockout mice, the number of goblet cells and mucin-producing cells in the middle ear was significantly reduced after bacterial middle ear infection compared with that in wild-type mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that IL-10 plays an essential role in the MCM of bacterial OM. Interleukin-10 is a potential target for the treatment of MCM in OM.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota Otitis Media Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komori
authors.forename: Qing Yin
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferrieri
authors.forename: Jizhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004428:Ear Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000150:complications; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000150:complications; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae
chemical_list: D009077:Mucins; D016753:Interleukin-10
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