title: Association of the Kir6.2 E23K variant with reduced acute insulin response in African-Americans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  ATP-sensitive potassium channels are composed of pore-forming (Kir6.x) and regulatory sulfonylurea receptor (SURx) subunits and have been implicated in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Kir6.2 and SUR1 are expressed in a broad range of tissues, and no contemporary studies have addressed the physiological impact of variants in Hispanic-Americans and African-Americans carefully phenotyped for components of glucose homeostasis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate two nonsynonymous variants in Kir6.2 (E23K) and SUR1 (A1369S) and determine their role in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study (IRAS-FS) is a community-based study of Hispanic-Americans (San Antonio, TX, and San Luis Valley, CO) and African-Americans (Los Angeles, CA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,040 Hispanic-Americans and 500 African-American individuals formed the basis of this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary glucose homeostasis phenotypes of interest in this study were derived from the frequently sampled iv glucose tolerance test and included insulin sensitivity (S(I)), acute insulin response, and disposition index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In African-Americans, both variants were associated with a significant reduction in insulin secretion in glucose-tolerant carriers of the minor alleles (additive P = 0.00053). S(I), a measure of insulin sensitivity, was not associated. In Hispanic-Americans, there was no association with measures of glucose homeostasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that variation marked by the Kir6.2 E23K and SUR1 A1369S mutations is associated with alterations in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion but not with other measures of glucose homeostasis in an African-American population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholette D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Carl D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Langefeld
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bryer-Ash
authors.forename: Jerome I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Rotter
authors.forename: Kent D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Donald W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bowden
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000235:genetics*; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000235:genetics; D064233:Sulfonylurea Receptors; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D007328:Insulin; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D064233:Sulfonylurea Receptors; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel; C577507:ABCC8 protein, human
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