title: Urinary tract infection: finding an answer when conventional testing is not helpful.
abstract: Children who present with urinary tract infections (UTIs) and a fever, and who had negative radioloogical tests for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), are often tested further with a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG). If the VCUG is negative, health care providers and parents become frustrated, as the search for a definitive diagnosis becomes more elusive. If conventional tests do not provide the expected diagnosis of VUR, it is essential for nurses and other health care providers to be aware of alternative methods for further evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.
authors.forename: Dawn Diaz
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Saldano
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D003911:Dextrans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005334:Fever / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008487:Medical History Taking; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D010808:Physical Examination; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016482:Urinalysis; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D014563:Urodynamics; D014567:Urography; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003911:Dextrans; C094535:deflux; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid