title: Timely awareness and prevention of emerging chemical and biochemical risks in foods: proposal for a strategy based on experience with recent cases.
abstract: A number of recent food safety incidents have involved chemical substances, while various activities aim at the early identification of emerging chemical risks. This review considers recent cases of chemical and biochemical risks, as a basis for recommendations for awareness and prevention of similar risks at an early stage. These cases include examples of unapproved genetically modified food crops, intoxications with botanical products containing unintentionally admixed toxic herbs, residues of unapproved antibiotics and contaminants in farmed aquaculture species such as shrimp and salmon; and adverse effects of chemical and biological pesticides of natural origin. Besides case-specific recommendations for mitigation of future incidents of the same nature, general inferences and recommendations are made. It is recommended, for example, to establish databases for contaminants potentially present within products. Pro-active reconnaissance can facilitate the identification of products potentially contaminated with hazardous substances. In international trade, prevention and early identification of hazards are aided by management systems for product quality and safety, rigorous legislation, and inspections of consignments destined for export. Cooperation with the private sector and foreign authorities may be required to achieve these goals. While food and feed safety are viewed from the European perspective, the outcomes also apply to other regions.
authors.affiliation: RIKILT - Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 230, NL-6700 AE Wageningen, The Netherlands. gijs.kleter@wur.nl
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kleter
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Groot
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poelman
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: H J P
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Marvin
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000592:standards*; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000592:standards; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005523:Food Supply / Q000592:standards*; D030841:Food, Genetically Modified; D006801:Humans; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011358:Product Surveillance, Postmarketing; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues