[Preeclampsia: main maternal risk factor for low weight in preterm newborn].
BACKGROUND
In 3 to 8% of pregnancies there are preeclampsia, and it is considered an irreversible disease that affects several organs, and causes injuries in fetus and mother alike.


OBJECTIVE
To identify maternal risk factors related to low birth weight in preterm newborns born at Hospital de Ginecología-Pediatría con Medicina Familiar no. 31 from IMSS, at Mexicali, BC, Mexico.


METHODS
Case-control study (1:2 ratio) made in 114 prematures (38 cases and 76 controls) who were evaluated for socioeconomic and biological maternal risk factors influencing low birth weight in preterm newborns. Odds ratio and confidence intervals of 95% were used to calculate epidemiologic correlation, and logistic regression to specific importance of risks.


RESULTS
Preeclampsia persists as a risk factor for low birth weight: OR 3.16 (95% CI 3.15-8.40, p = 0.00). In logistic regression meaningful variables were: preeclampsia 5.27 (95% CI 1.45-19.14, p = 0.01), and in premature newborn: thrombocytopenia 6.0 (95% CI 1.2-11.2, p = 0.00), and neonatal sepsis 4.31 (95% CI 1.73-10.70, p = 0.00).


CONCLUSIONS
Preeclampsia was the major risk factor related to low birth weight and was associated with thrombocytopenia in preterm newborn. Neonatal sepsis is secondary to low birth weight. We need to observe and obey prenatal care of pregnant women in our hospital to reduce negative impact of low birth weight in preterm newborns.
Martínez Contreras
Angélica María
AM
Neonatóloga del Hospital de Gineco-Pediatría con Medicina Familiar número 31 del IMSS, Mexicali, BC, México. angy1040n@prodigy.net.mx
Soria Rodríguez
Carmen Gorety
CG
Prince Vélez
Roberto
R
Clark Ordoñez
Isadora
I
Medina Ramírez
María Concepción Rosa
MC
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors