title: Liver resection with bipolar radiofrequency device: Habib 4X.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intraoperative blood loss has been shown to be an important factor correlating with morbidity and mortality in liver surgery. In spite of the technological advances in hepatic parenchymal transection devices, bleeding remains the single most important complication of liver surgery. The role of radiofrequency (RF) in liver surgery has been expanded from tumour ablation to major hepatic resections in the last decade. Habib 4X, a new bipolar RF device designed specifically for liver resection is described here.
  
  
  METHODS
  Habib 4X is a bipolar, handheld, disposable RF device and consists of two pairs of opposing electrodes which is introduced perpendicularly into the liver, along the intended transection line. It produces controlled RF energy between the electrodes and the heat produced seals even major biliary and blood vessels and enables resection of the liver parenchyma with a scalpel without blood loss or biliary leak.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and eleven patients underwent 384 liver resections from January 2002 to October 2007 with this device. There were 109 major resections and none of the patients had vascular inflow occlusion (Pringle's manoeuvre). Mean intraoperative blood loss was 305 ml (range 0-4300) ml, with less than 5% (n=18) rate of transfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Habib 4X is an additional device for hepatobiliary surgeons to perform liver resections with minimal blood loss and low morbidity and mortality rates.
authors.affiliation: HPB unit, Hammersmith Hospital, Division of Surgery, Oncology, Reproductive Biology and Anaesthesia, Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Madhava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: Long R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Shirin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khorsandi
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Canelo
authors.forename: Duncan R C
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Spalding
authors.forename: Nagy A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Habib
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