title: Inhibition of picornaviruses by means of RNA interference.
abstract: Picornaviruses are a class of RNA viruses with a single-stranded genome in positive orientation. Since the prospects of treatment are limited, we employ RNA interference (RNAi) as an antiviral tool to inhibit different picornaviruses. We identified small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against the 3D RNA dependent RNA polymerase of coxsackievirus B3 that were capable of efficiently inhibiting the virus. Targeting of the conserved 5' UTR of the virus turned out to be a challenging task since stable structures of this region are detrimental to silencing. We developed a rational strategy to solve this problem and found an siRNA containing locked nucleic acids (LNAs) to possess high antiviral potency. To analyse the mechanism of virus inhibition in more detail, LNAs were incorporated into the siRNA to inactivate either of the siRNA strands. These experiments clearly revealed that only the genomic plus-strand but not the intermediary synthesised minus-strand can be targeted by siRNAs. Furthermore, siRNAs were employed to silence the virus receptor on the host cell and thus prevent viral spread.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Genetics, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rothe
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Werk
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dutkiewicz
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Grunert
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeichhardt
authors.forename: Volker A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Erdmann
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fechner
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kurreck
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000737:chemistry*; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011991:Receptors, Virus; C105941:coxsackievirus B receptor; C477371:locked nucleic acid; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase