title: The association of intrauterine growth abnormalities in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus complicated by vasculopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to test whether vasculopathy in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with fetal growth abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with type 1 DM (n = 340) were enrolled in a prospective study of diabetes in pregnancy and classified according to vascular status: NV (no vasculopathy, n = 181), HBR (hypertension or background retinopathy, n = 79), PR (proliferative retinopathy only, n = 16), NEP (nephropathy only, n = 40), and PRN (proliferative retinopathy and nephropathy, n = 24). Association of vascular status with low birthweight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) infants was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The odds ratios for delivery of a LBW infant compared to women without vasculopathy after controlling for maternal age, gestational age and race were: HBR 1.0, PR 2.2, NEP 3.7, and PRN 5.5. The odds ratios for delivery of a SGA infant were: HBR 0.7, PR 10.4, NEP 1.9, and PRN 9.9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetic vasculopathy is associated with increased odds for delivery of low-birthweight or SGA infants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA. SinaHaeri@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haeri
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.forename: Oormila
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kovilam
authors.forename: Menachem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miodovnik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015897:Comorbidity; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008423:Maternal Age; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology