title: Assessment of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans contribution from different media to surrounding duck farms.
abstract: Since the "Toxic Egg Event" broke out in central Taiwan, the possible sources of the high content of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in eggs have been a serious concern. In this study, the PCDD/F contents in different media (feed, soil and ambient air) were measured. Evaluation of the impact from electric arc furnace dust treatment plant (abbreviated as EAFDT plant), which is site-specific to the "Toxic Egg Event", on the duck total-PCDD/F daily intake was conducted by both Industrial Source Complex Short Term model (ISCST) and dry and wet deposition models. After different scenario simulations, the worst case was at farm A and at 200 g feed and 5 g soil for duck intake, and the highest PCDD/F contributions from the feed, original soil and stack flue gas were 44.92, 47.81, and 6.58%, respectively. Considering different uncertainty factors, such as the flow rate variation of stack flue gas and errors from modelling and measurement, the PCDD/F contribution fraction from the stack flue gas of EAFDT plant may increase up to twice as that for the worst case (6.58%) and become 13.2%, which was still much lower than that from the total contribution fraction (86.8%) of both feed and original soil. Fly ashes contained purposely in duck feed by the farmers was a potential major source for the duck daily intake. While the impact from EAFDT plant has been proven very minor, the PCDD/F content in the feed and soil, which was contaminated by illegal fly ash landfills, requires more attention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wen-Jhy
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shun-I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Hsing-Wang
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Long-Full
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Kuei-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Kueiwan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Lin-Chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-Ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chang-Chien
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D004372:Ducks; D004531:Eggs; D005506:Food Contamination; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C023614:dibenzofuran