Major phenolic compounds in olive oil modulate bone loss in an ovariectomy/inflammation experimental model.
This study was conducted to determine whether the daily consumption for 84 days of tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, the main olive oil phenolic compounds, and olive oil mill wastewater (OMWW), a byproduct of olive oil production, rich in micronutrients, may improve bone loss in ovariectomized rats (an experimental model of postmenopausal osteoporosis) and in ovariectomized rats with granulomatosis inflammation (a model set up for senile osteoporosis). As expected, an induced chronic inflammation provoked further bone loss at total, metaphyseal, and diaphyseal sites in ovariectomized rats. Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol prevented this osteopenia by increasing bone formation ( p < 0.05), probably because of their antioxidant properties. The two doses of OMWW extracts had the same protective effect on bone ( p < 0.05), whereas OMWW did not reverse established osteopenia. In conclusion, polyphenol consumption seems to be an interesting way to prevent bone loss.
Puel
Caroline
C
UNH, INRA Clermont-Ferrand/Theix, 63122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France.
Mardon
Julie
J
Agalias
Apostolis
A
Davicco
Marie-Jeanne
MJ
Lebecque
Patrice
P
Mazur
Andre
A
Horcajada
Marie-Noelle
MN
Skaltsounis
Alexios-Leandros
AL
Coxam
Veronique
V
D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010636:Phenols; D010938:Plant Oils; D059808:Polyphenols; C005975:3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol; C011867:4-hydroxyphenylethanol; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol