title: Psychological mediators of bupropion sustained-release treatment for smoking cessation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to test simultaneously our understanding of the effects of bupropion sustained-release (SR) treatment on putative mediators and our understanding of determinants of post-quit abstinence, including withdrawal distress, cigarette craving, positive affect and subjective reactions to cigarettes smoked during a lapse. The specificity of bupropion SR effects was also tested in exploratory analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of bupropion SR were submitted to mediation analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, Madison, WI, USA.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 403 adult, daily smokers without contraindications to bupropion SR use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were assigned randomly to receive a 9-week course of bupropion SR or placebo pill and to receive eight brief individual counseling sessions or no counseling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ecological momentary assessment ratings of smoking behavior and putative mediators were collected pre- and post-quit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of structural equation and hierarchical linear models did not support the hypothesis that bupropion SR treatment improves short-term abstinence by reducing withdrawal distress or affecting the subjective effects of a lapse cigarette, but provided partial support for mediation by cigarette craving reduction and enhanced positive affect. Bupropion SR effects on point-prevalence abstinence at 1 month post-quit were also mediated partially by enhanced motivation to quit and self-efficacy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results provided some support for models of bupropion SR treatment and relapse and suggested that motivational processes may partially account for bupropion SR efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, 152 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. demccart@rci.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: Danielle E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Piasecki
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Douglas E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Jorenby
authors.forename: Saul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiffman
authors.forename: Timothy B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000188:drug therapy; D016642:Bupropion / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D012008:Recurrence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D016642:Bupropion
references.citation: Lancet. 2001 May 19;357(9268):1571-5
references.pmid: 11377644
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1994 Jun;62(3):463-76
references.pmid: 8063973
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 2006 Aug;115(3):454-66
references.pmid: 16866586
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2005 Apr;7(2):257-68
references.pmid: 16036283
references.citation: Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1999 Nov;7(4):354-61
references.pmid: 10609970
references.citation: Psychol Methods. 2002 Mar;7(1):83-104
references.pmid: 11928892
references.citation: Clin Ther. 2002 Apr;24(4):540-51
references.pmid: 12017399
references.citation: Nature. 1998 May 7;393(6680):76-9
references.pmid: 9590692
references.citation: Health Psychol. 2000 Jul;19(4):315-23
references.pmid: 10907649
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Rev. 2003 Jun;22(2):203-20
references.pmid: 12850907
references.citation: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Aug;169(1):1-9
references.pmid: 12811464
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1999 Mar 4;340(9):685-91
references.pmid: 10053177
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2004 Feb;6(1):55-61
references.pmid: 14982688
references.citation: JAMA. 2002 Jul 24-31;288(4):468-74
references.pmid: 12132977
references.citation: Psychol Addict Behav. 2006 Mar;20(1):36-43
references.pmid: 16536663
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1997 Oct 23;337(17):1195-202
references.pmid: 9337378
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988 Jun;54(6):1063-70
references.pmid: 3397865
references.citation: J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Oct;295(1):321-7
references.pmid: 10991997
references.citation: J Intern Med. 2003 Aug;254(2):184-92
references.pmid: 12859700
references.citation: Pain. 1996 Jul;66(1):3-8
references.pmid: 8857625
references.citation: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005 Nov;183(1):1-12
references.pmid: 16160876
references.citation: Behav Res Methods. 2007 Aug;39(3):384-9
references.pmid: 17958149
references.citation: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(4):CD000031
references.pmid: 11034670
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 1997 Feb;106(1):104-16
references.pmid: 9103722
references.citation: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2000 Jan;148(1):33-40
references.pmid: 10663415
references.citation: Br J Addict. 1991 Sep;86(9):1119-27
references.pmid: 1932883
references.citation: Psychol Rev. 2004 Jan;111(1):33-51
references.pmid: 14756584
references.citation: BMC Public Health. 2006 Dec 11;6:300
references.pmid: 17156479
references.citation: Addiction. 2004 Jan;99(1):29-38
references.pmid: 14678060
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 2008 Feb;117(1):94-105
references.pmid: 18266488
references.citation: J Clin Psychiatry. 1995 Sep;56(9):395-401
references.pmid: 7665537
references.citation: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 Jul;168(3):347-58
references.pmid: 12698231
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 1997 Feb 10;157(3):335-40
references.pmid: 9040302
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002 Jul 1;67(2):219-23
references.pmid: 12095672
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 2003 Feb;112(1):14-27
references.pmid: 12653410
references.citation: J Subst Abuse Treat. 2008 Mar;34(2):234-41
references.pmid: 17600649
references.citation: Nicotine Tob Res. 2008 Apr;10(4):717-29
references.pmid: 18418793
references.citation: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 May;119(2):171-8
references.pmid: 7659764
references.citation: J Affect Disord. 1998 Dec;51(3):237-54
references.pmid: 10333980
references.citation: Addict Biol. 2005 Sep;10(3):219-31
references.pmid: 16109583
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006 Dec;74(6):1153-61
references.pmid: 17154744
references.citation: Health Psychol. 2000 Jan;19(1S):17-31
references.pmid: 10709945
references.citation: Addiction. 2002 Sep;97(9):1093-108
references.pmid: 12199822
references.citation: Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003 Nov;11(4):276-85
references.pmid: 14599261
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 2003 Nov;112(4):558-77
references.pmid: 14674869