title: PilF is an outer membrane lipoprotein required for multimerization and localization of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type IV pilus secretin.
abstract: Type IV pili (T4P) are retractile appendages that contribute to the virulence of bacterial pathogens. PilF is a Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipoprotein that is essential for T4P biogenesis. Phenotypic characterization of a pilF mutant confirmed that T4P-mediated functions are abrogated: T4P were no longer present on the cell surface, twitching motility was abolished, and the mutant was resistant to infection by T4P retraction-dependent bacteriophage. The results of cellular fractionation studies indicated that PilF is the outer membrane pilotin required for the localization and multimerization of the secretin, PilQ. Mutation of the putative PilF lipidation site untethered the protein from the outer membrane, causing secretin assembly in both inner and outer membranes. T4P-mediated twitching motility and bacteriophage susceptibility were moderately decreased in the lipidation site mutant, while cell surface piliation was substantially reduced. The tethering of PilF to the outer membrane promotes the correct localization of PilQ and appears to be required for the formation of stable T4P. Our 2.0-A structure of PilF revealed a superhelical arrangement of six tetratricopeptide protein-protein interaction motifs that may mediate the contacts with PilQ during secretin assembly. An alignment of pseudomonad PilF sequences revealed three highly conserved surfaces that may be involved in PilF function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Program in Molecular Structure and Function, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto M5G 1X8, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tammam
authors.forename: Shao-Yang
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Liliana M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sampaleanu
authors.forename: Lori L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Burrows
authors.forename: P Lynne
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Howell
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000502:physiology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009154:Mutation; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D040681:Structural Homology, Protein
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; C102919:PilF protein, Pseudomonas; C084295:pilQ protein, bacteria; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins
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