Detection of respiratory pathogens in air samples from acutely infected pigs.
Pathogens causing significant respiratory disease in growing pigs include Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, Porcine circovirus 2, swine influenza virus, porcine respiratory coronavirus, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and Bordetella bronchiseptica. The objective of this research was to characterize the respiratory excretion of these pathogens by acutely infected pigs. Pigs were inoculated under experimental conditions with 1 pathogen. Samples were collected from the upper respiratory tract and exhaled air. All pathogens were detected in swabs of the upper respiratory tract, but only M. hyopneumoniae and B. bronchiseptica were detected in expired air from individually sampled, acutely infected pigs. These findings suggest either that the acutely infected pigs did not aerosolize the viruses or that the quantity of virus excreted was below the detection threshold of current sampling or assay systems, or both, at the individual-pig level.
Hermann
Joseph R
JR
Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-1250, USA.
Brockmeier
Susan L
SL
Yoon
Kyoung-Jin
KJ
Zimmerman
Jeffrey J
JJ
D000391:Air Microbiology; D000818:Animals; D016950:Bordetella bronchiseptica / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002353:Carrier State; D017925:Circovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D045705:Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D045722:Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology
Can J Vet Res. 2006 Oct;70(4):297-301
17042383
Am J Vet Res. 1984 Oct;45(10):1899-905
6497088
Can J Vet Res. 2007 Jan;71(1):23-7
17193878
J Virol. 1968 Aug;2(8):778-86
5701819
Vet Microbiol. 2002 Nov 6;89(4):267-75
12383636
Vet Rec. 2004 Mar 6;154(10):294-7
15053136
J Virol. 2002 Jan;76(2):541-51
11752145
Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 1991 Dec;98(12):448-50
1790763
Can J Vet Res. 2002 Apr;66(2):117-21
11989733
Vet Microbiol. 2008 Apr 1;128(1-2):36-47
18022332
Lett Appl Microbiol. 1991 Jun;12(6):249-53
1368700
J Virol Methods. 1999 Jun;80(1):69-75
10403678
Can J Vet Res. 2008 Oct;72(5):440-3
19086377
Vet Microbiol. 1992 Apr;31(1):11-8
1319623
Arch Virol. 1993;133(3-4):477-83
8257302
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Jul;72(7):4811-8
16820475
Vet Rec. 2005 Jul 23;157(4):105-8
16040942
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 Mar;60(3):861-70
16349217