Dendritic cell vaccines in acute leukaemia.
There is a need for novel treatment for acute leukaemia as relapse rates remain unacceptably high. Immunotherapy aims to stimulate the patient's immune responses to recognize and destroy leukaemia cells whilst activating immune memory. The qualities of the most potent professional antigen-presenting cell, the dendritic cell (DC), can be used to stimulate leukaemia-specific cytotoxic T cells. DCs can be loaded with leukaemia antigens, or leukaemia blasts can be modified to express DC-like properties for use in vaccine therapy. This chapter will review the rationale for DC vaccine therapy, the preclinical and clinical trials to date, the barriers to successful DC vaccine therapies and the role of immune adjuncts to improve outcomes.
Duncan
Caroline
C
Department of Haematology, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK. caroduncan75@hotmail.com
Roddie
Huw
H
D000208:Acute Disease; D019264:Adoptive Transfer / Q000379:methods; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D007938:Leukemia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D019496:Cancer Vaccines