title: Health related quality of life in 10-year-old schoolchildren.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the health related quality of life (HRQL) in a total cohort of general school children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of the children starting 4th grade (age 9-10) in Finnish primary schools in autumn 2004 (n = 1,346) and their parents in a city of 175,000 inhabitants. Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL 4.0) was used for assessment of HRQL. The response rate was 81% for the children (n = 1,091). Most children had parents who participated (n = 999).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The children reported highest HRQL mean values in physical (85.00, SD 10.95) and social (84.71, SD 14.28), and lowest in school (78.89, SD 14.53) and emotional (75.43, SD 15.67), functioning scales. Girls reported significantly lower emotional (t = -2.43, P = 0.02) functioning than boys. Child self reports show lower social (t = -2.57, P = 0.01) and school (t = -3.44, P = 0.0006) functioning, and higher emotional (t = 5.82, P < 0.0001) and physical (t = 4.79, P < 0.0001) functioning than their parent-proxy assessments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions aiming at supporting the emotional and school functioning of the school children are recommended. Parents may overestimate the social and school functioning and underestimate the physical and emotional functioning compared to their children's own perceptions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Science, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. camilla.laaksonentu@utu.fi
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laaksonen
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aromaa
authors.forename: Olli J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Koivusilta
authors.forename: Pasi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koski
authors.forename: Sakari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suominen
authors.forename: Tero
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vahlberg
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salanterä
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012572:School Health Services; D012574:Schools; D012938:Social Perception; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
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