title: Fulminant myocarditis.
abstract: Fulminant myocarditis is an inflammatory process that occurs in the myocardium and causes acute-onset heart failure. If patients with fulminant myocarditis are aggressively supported in a timely manner, nearly all can have an excellent recovery. In this Review, we discuss the clinical and histological distinguishing features of fulminant myocarditis and contrast this disease entity with nonfulminant myocarditis. The epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, methods of diagnosis, management options and prognosis of fulminant myocarditis are reviewed in detail.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA.
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Markham
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Drazner
authors.forename: Pradeep Pa
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Mammen
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D018450:Disease Progression; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications