title: Genetic admixture of eight Mexican indigenous populations: based on five polymarker, HLA-DQA1, ABO, and RH loci.
abstract: This study explores the genetic admixture of eight Mexican indigenous populations (Otomi-Ixmiquilpan, Otomi-Actopan, Tzeltales, Nahua-Milpa-Alta, Nahua-Xochimilco, Nahua-Zitlala, Nahua-Ixhuatlancillo, and Nahua-Coyolillo) on the basis of five PCR-based polymorphic DNA loci (LDLR, GYPA, HBGG, D7S8, GC), HLA_DQA1, and the blood groups ABO and Rh (CcDEe). Among the indigenous populations, the highest gene frequencies for O and D were 0.9703 and 1.000 for Zitlala (State of Guerrero) and 0.9955 and 0.9414 for Tzeltales (State of Chiapas), respectively. Maximum likelihood estimates of admixture components yield a trihybrid model with Amerindian (assuming that Nahua-Zitlala is the most representative indigenous population), Spanish, and African ancestry with the admixture proportions: 93.03, 6.03, and 0.94 for Tzeltales, and 28.99, 44.03, and 26.98 for Coyolillo. A contribution of the ancestral populations of Ixhuatlancillo, Actopan, Ixmiquilpan, Milpa-Alta, and Xochimilco were found with the following average of admixture proportions: 75.84, 22.50, and 1.66. The findings herein demonstrate that the genetic admixture of the Mexican indigenous populations who at present speak the same Amer-Indian language can be differentiated and that the majority of them have less ancestral indigenous contribution than those considered as Mestizo populations.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico District Federal, Mexico.
authors.forename: Leonora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buentello-Malo
authors.forename: Rosenda I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Peñaloza-Espinosa
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salamanca-Gómez
authors.forename: Ricardo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cerda-Flores
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000235:genetics*; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059848:HLA-DQ alpha-Chains; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D008800:Mexico; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059848:HLA-DQ alpha-Chains; C069050:HLA-DQA1 antigen; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System