Coordinating speed and amplitude in G-protein signaling.
G-protein-mediated signaling is intrinsically kinetic. Signal output at steady state is a balance of the rates of GTP binding, which causes activation, and of GTP hydrolysis, which terminates activation. This GTPase catalytic cycle is regulated by receptors, which accelerate GTP binding, and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), which accelerate hydrolysis. Receptors and GAPs similarly control the rates of signal initiation and termination. To allow independent control of signal amplitude and of the rates of turning the signal on and off, the activities of receptors and GAPs must be coordinated. Here, the principles of such coordination and the mechanisms by which it is achieved are discussed.
Ross
Elliott M
EM
Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Programs in Molecular Biophysics and Cell Regulation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6001 Forest Park Road, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041, USA. ross@utsw.swmed.edu
D004789:Enzyme Activation; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D015398:Signal Transduction
D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins
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