In vivo imaging of oskar mRNA transport reveals the mechanism of posterior localization.
oskar mRNA localization to the posterior of the Drosophila oocyte defines where the abdomen and germ cells form in the embryo. Although this localization requires microtubules and the plus end-directed motor, kinesin, its mechanism is controversial and has been proposed to involve active transport to the posterior, diffusion and trapping, or exclusion from the anterior and lateral cortex. By following oskar mRNA particles in living oocytes, we show that the mRNA is actively transported along microtubules in all directions, with a slight bias toward the posterior. This bias is sufficient to localize the mRNA and is reversed in mago, barentsz, and Tropomyosin II mutants, which mislocalize the mRNA anteriorly. Since almost all transport is mediated by kinesin, oskar mRNA localizes by a biased random walk along a weakly polarized cytoskeleton. We also show that each component of the oskar mRNA complex plays a distinct role in particle formation and transport.
Zimyanin
Vitaly L
VL
The Gurdon Institute and the Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, CB2 1QN Cambridge, UK.
Belaya
Katsiaryna
K
Pecreaux
Jacques
J
Gilchrist
Michael J
MJ
Clark
Alejandra
A
Davis
Ilan
I
St Johnston
Daniel
D
D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009865:Oocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D034443:RNA Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014335:Tropomyosin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C107372:Mago protein, Drosophila; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; C490776:Tm1 protein, Drosophila; D014335:Tropomyosin; C433983:btz protein, Drosophila; C091675:osk protein, Drosophila; C069927:stau protein, Drosophila
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