title: Uterosacral ligament vaginal vault suspension: anatomy, outcome and surgical considerations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  With aging populations, primary pelvic organ and recurrent pelvic organ prolapse have become a large-scale public health concern. Surgical options for patients include both abdominal and vaginal approaches, each with its own safety and efficacy profiles. This review summarizes the most recent anatomic, surgical and outcome data for uterosacral ligament vault suspension. It offers data on methods to avoid complications and difficult surgical scenarios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Uterosacral ligament suspension allows reattachment of the vaginal vault high within the pelvis. New modifications in technique including the extraperitoneal and laparoscopic approaches allow surgeons more freedom when planning surgery. Five-year data on the durability of the procedure make it a viable surgical option.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a technique widely used by many pelvic reconstructive surgeons, uterosacral ligament vault suspension provides a safe, anatomically correct and durable approach to uterine and vault prolapse. It requires advanced surgical training and an intimate understanding of pelvic anatomy to avoid and identify ureteral injury.
authors.affiliation: Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90509-2910, USA. tyazdany@obgyn.humc.edu
authors.forename: Taji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yazdany
authors.forename: Narender
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhatia
mesh_terms: D003558:Cystoscopy; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006176:Gynecology / Q000379:methods; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012306:Risk; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014513:Ureter / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*; D014621:Vagina / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*