title: Migration of gastrointestinal nematode larvae from cattle faecal pats onto grazable herbage.
abstract: This study investigated the effect of successive harvests of grazable herbage around cattle faecal pats on the population dynamics of infective gastrointestinal nematode larvae (L(3)). Faecal material, collected from naturally infected calves, was deposited as pats during summer, autumn and winter on three different topographical aspects within a moist, temperate region of New Zealand. Herbage was harvested four times (22-248 days) from around the faecal pats to a height of 2cm in three radial zones (0-20cm, 20-35cm and 35-45cm from the centre of the faecal pat) and L(3) extracted. Harvest date was determined by herbage mass to simulate grazing events. L(3) extracted from herbage were predominantly Cooperia spp. More L(3) were recovered from faeces deposited in summer and autumn, than those deposited during winter. L(3) concentration on herbage was highest (P<0.001) in the zone nearest the pat for all except the fourth harvest. Mean concentrations of L(3) on herbage were 11,447, 3154, 337 and 102 L(3)/kg dry matter herbage, for the four successive harvests, respectively. Microclimate differences as affected by aspect had a marked effect on herbage growth, but did not significantly affect L(3) concentration on herbage. In this study, L(3) remained aggregated close to the faecal pats they emerged from even after two successive harvests and significant rainfall. Successive harvests simulated the effect of repeated grazing events by a non-infective stock class. Two such grazings and the associated time, reduced L(3) presence on grazable herbage to <3% of the original population. Grazing strategies to generate clean pasture for vulnerable cattle are discussed in relation to these results.
authors.affiliation: AgResearch Ruakura, Hamilton, New Zealand.
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Boom
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Sheath
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000469:parasitology; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D002980:Climate; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D007814:Larva / Q000502:physiology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009348:Nematoda / Q000502:physiology*; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors