Is there a clear link between overweight/obesity and sleep disordered breathing in children?
The proportion of children who are overweight or obese has risen steadily in recent decades and approaches a quarter of all children in Western countries. This global epidemic of excess weight and adiposity in humans is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially related to diabetes and poor cardiovascular health. It would appear that obesity is also generally accepted to be an important risk factor in the development of sleep disordered breathing (SDB), in children as well as adults. The article, "The prevalence, anatomical correlates and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing in obese children and adolescents", by Verhulst et al., also in this issue, reviews evidence supporting the view that obese children are at higher risk of developing SDB. We believe, however, that the available studies do not support a straightforward association of overweight or obesity with increased prevalence of SDB. Rather, the available data is clearly equivocal mainly due to methodological differences between the previous studies. This review nonetheless examines the factors which may modulate the relationship between overweight or obesity and prevalence of SDB, particularly ethnicity and age.
Kohler
Mark J
MJ
Children's Research Centre, Discipline of Paediatrics, University of Adelaide, Women's and Children's Hospital, 72 King William Road, North Adelaide, South Australia 5006, Australia. mark.kohler@adelaide.edu.au
van den Heuvel
Cameron J
CJ
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010845:Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D020182:Sleep Apnea, Central / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012913:Snoring / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012931:Social Environment; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology