title: [Alpha-foetoprotein assessment in amniotic fluid for the detection of neural tube defects: limited added value beyond week 20 ultrasound; retrospective study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic additional value of routine alpha-foetoprotein (AFP) assessment in amniotic fluid for the detection of neural tube defects (NTDs), compared with week 20 ultrasonographic examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively determined AFP concentrations in amniotic fluid obtained from 7981 women who had undergone amniocentesis for karyotyping and AFP assessment. An AFP concentration greater than 2.5 times the median was considered abnormal. Women were categorised into 4 groups based on the indication for invasive prenatal diagnostic assessment: advanced maternal age (group I; n = 6179), increased risk of foetal NTDs (group II; n = 258), ultrasonographically confirmed foetal NTDs (group III; n = 55) or other indications (group IV; n = 1489).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group I, 18 of 6179 samples had increased AFP levels (0.3%), 2 of which were associated with NTDs. In group II, 2 of 258 samples had increased AFP levels (0.8%); both were associated with NTDs. Increased AFP levels were found in 44 of 55 samples from group III (80%), and 223 of 1489 samples from group IV (15.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine assessment of AFP in amniotic fluid based on advanced maternal age provides little additional value in the detection of NTDs beyond that of week 20 ultrasound.
authors.affiliation: Universitair Medisch Centrum St Radboud, Nijmegen. a.kooper@antrg.umcn.nl
authors.forename: A J A
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kooper
authors.forename: A P T
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Smits
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Feuth
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: van der Burgt
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Zondervan
authors.forename: R W P
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Quartero
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Boekkooi
authors.forename: R J P
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Rijnders
authors.forename: J W T
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Creemers
authors.forename: C M G
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Thomas