title: Molecular biology of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A: a cosmetic perspective.
abstract: Cosmetic use of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) involves low doses of toxin administered for facial wrinkles and hyperhidrosis. The structural and functional properties of BoNT/A can affect the degree and duration of effect. Actively using the injected muscle is favorable as it exposes more receptors to BoNT/A. Divided doses of BoNT/A at an interval of more than 3 days may be longer lasting than single dose by blocking nascent neuronal sprouts. Antibodies are unlikely to be effective in BoNT/A neutralization because of the large area of receptor interaction. Several commonly used drugs including zinc and chloroquine can interact with BoNT/A, necessitating dosage adjustment for optimum effect. Serotype E (BoNT/E) can emerge as an antidote for BoNT/A for cosmetic use.
authors.affiliation: Kaya Skin Clinic, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. admin@dermatologist.co.in
authors.forename: Bell Raj
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Eapen
mesh_terms: D001505:Beauty Culture / Q000639:trends*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics*; D005145:Face; D006801:Humans; D006945:Hyperhidrosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A