title: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
abstract: Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) literally means to have episodes of hemoglobin in the urine during the night. It is a Coomb's negative rare hemolytic disorder characterized by non-malignant clonal expansion of haemopoietic stem cells due to acquired genetic mutations. A 30 years old male patient presented with 5 years history of transfusion dependent anemia with intermittent episodes of passing dark colored urine in the morning. Blood complete picture showed decreased hemoglobin and reticulocytosis upto 30%. Coomb's test was negative with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and markedly raised serum LDH. Urine analysis showed marked hemosiderinuria and flow cytometry revealed 60% RBCs deficient for CD-59, confirming the diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. The management of the patient depends on whether anemia is due to hemolysis or as consequence of impaired erythropoiesis. Corticosteroids at a dose of 0.25-1 mg/kg/day was selected as it is amongst the various treatment options in patients with predominant hemolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalnagar, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Asad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehmood
authors.forename: Muhammad Ashraf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.forename: Badar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murtaza
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D003298:Coombs Test; D006457:Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones