title: Signaling pathway for TNF-alpha-induced MMP-9 expression: mediation through p38 MAP kinase, and inhibition by anti-cancer molecule magnolol in human urinary bladder cancer 5637 cells.
abstract: We investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and the inhibition of MMP expression by magnolol in 5637 human urinary bladder cancer cells. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulated the secretion of MMP-9 in 5637 cells, as shown by zymography and promoter assay. The transcription factor nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) binding site was identified by gel-shift assay to be a cis-element for TNF-alpha activation of the MMP-9 promoter. Our results also demonstrated that TNF-alpha stimulates MMP-9 expression via the p38 MAP kinase signaling pathway in 5637 cells. Moreover, p38 MAP kinase-mediated MMP-9 gene regulation in response to TNF-alpha is involved in the NF-kappaB response element in 5637 cells. In addition, magnolol inhibited TNF-alpha-induced expression of the MMP-9, as determined by zymography and immunoblot, in 5637 cells. The TNF-alpha-induced invasion and migration of cells was inhibited by magnolol, as assessed by a modified boyden chamber and wound-healing assays, respectively. Finally, magnolol blocked MMP-9 expression, at least in part, by decreasing the binding of transcription factor NF-kappaB to DNA. In conclusion, TNF-alpha induced MMP-9 expression in 5637 cells by activating the transcription factor NF-kappaB, which is involved in the p38 MAP kinase-mediated control of MMP-9 regulation. Magnolol inhibited MMP-9 expression through the transcription factor NF-kappaB in TNF-alpha-induced 5637 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Biotechnology, Chungju National University, Chungju, Chungbuk 380-702, South Korea.
authors.forename: Se-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ung-Soo
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wun-Jae
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung-Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Moon
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D017705:Lignans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; D017705:Lignans; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011725:Pyridines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase; C005498:magnolol; C093642:SB 203580