title: Active Chinese mistletoe lectin-55 enhances colon cancer surveillance through regulating innate and adaptive immune responses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the potential role of active Chinese mistletoe lectin-55 (ACML-55) in tumor immune surveillance.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, an experimental model was established by hypodermic inoculating the colon cancer cell line CT26 (5 x 10(5) cells) into BALB/c mice. The experimental treatment was orally administered with ACML-55 or PBS, followed by the inoculation of colon cancer cell line CT26. Intracellular cytokine staining was used to detect IFN-gamma production by tumor antigen specific CD8+ T cells. FACS analysis was employed to profile composition and activation of CD4+, CD8+, gammadelta T and NK cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed, compared to PBS treated mice, ACML-55 treatment significantly delayed colon cancer development in colon cancer-bearing Balb/c mice in vivo. Treatment with ACML-55 enhanced both Ag specific activation and proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and increased the number of tumor Ag specific CD8+ T cells. It was more important to increase the frequency of tumor Ag specific IFN-gamma producing-CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, ACML-55 treatment also showed increased cell number of NK, and gammadeltaT cells, indicating the role of ACML-55 in activation of innate lymphocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that ACML-55 therapy can enhance function in immune surveillance in colon cancer-bearing mice through regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Yan-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wei-Zhi
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: An-Lun
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Qi-Wen
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ji-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chao-Ying
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xue-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Dong-Qing
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D014784:Mistletoe / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D015166:Monitoring, Immunologic; D008517:Phytotherapy; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D037121:Plant Lectins; D007371:Interferon-gamma
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