title: Rapid periapical bone destruction during endodontic treatment of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease with an unknown etiology. Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. This case report describes the rapid periapical bone destruction that occurred during the endodontic treatment of a rheumatoid arthritis patient taking azathioprine and a corticosteroid. The cause of the rapid destruction is unclear. However, severe side effects can occur after administering azathioprine to rheumatoid arthritis patients. Therefore, dentists should check the patient's medical state thoroughly in order to prevent side effects when performing endodontic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Won-Mann
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: In-Nam
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Ho-Hyun
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Yun-Chan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010483:Periapical Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D011282:Pregnenediones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011670:Pulpectomy; D011671:Pulpitis / Q000628:therapy; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013492:Suppuration
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011282:Pregnenediones; C021988:deflazacort; D001379:Azathioprine