title: The viral aetiology of croup and recurrent croup.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Historically croup was subdivided into classic "viral" croup with associated viral upper respiratory tract infections, and recurrent or spasmodic croup where asthma and allergies were thought more important.
  
  
  METHODS
  All children admitted to the University Hospital of Wales with croup in 2003 were eligible. Baseline demographics including croup score were recorded and per-nasal swabs taken for virus detection by RT-PCR. Recurrent croup was defined as at least one other admission for croup in the preceding or following 3 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty (29.4%) children entered the study, and a viral pathogen was detected in 41 (68%). There was no significant difference in the rate of virus detection between those with single episode croup and recurrent croup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The aetiologies of viral and recurrent croup appear similar.
authors.affiliation: Child Health, Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wat
authors.forename: O B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Spiller
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gelder
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kotecha
authors.forename: I J M
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Doull
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003440:Croup / Q000821:virology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000821:virology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012008:Recurrence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000821:virology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral