title: Murine pancreatic duct ligation induces stress kinase activation, acute pancreatitis, and acute lung injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute lung injury is a major determinant of outcomes in acute pancreatitis. We evaluated acute lung injury and stress kinase activation in ligation-induced acute pancreatitis in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice with duct ligation or sham operation were killed after 24 or 48 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In addition to acute pancreatitis, duct ligation was associated with pulmonary morphologic changes indicative of acute lung injury (alveolar septal thickening, congestion, and neutrophil infiltration). Furthermore, immunoblotting showed stress kinase activation in the pancreas and lung after ligation. Although mortality was observed in the ligated group, that is consistent with severe lung injury, it requires further evaluation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bile and pancreatic duct ligation in the mouse is associated with pancreatic and pulmonary stress kinase activation and acute inflammatory changes consistent with early acute pancreatitis and acute lung injury. Our findings are important as acute lung injury increases mortality in clinical acute pancreatitis and stress kinases are established proinflammatory signal transducers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Meyerholz
authors.forename: Deborah E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Williard
authors.forename: Ana-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Grittmann
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Samuel
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000201:enzymology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008026:Ligation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000601:surgery*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000201:enzymology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D010770:Phosphotransferases