title: Comparison of measures of left ventricular function from electrocardiographically gated 82Rb PET with contrast-enhanced CT ventriculography: a hybrid PET/CT analysis.
abstract: Because of the ultrashort tracer half-life and high positron energy of (82)Rb, PET images acquired with this tracer are noisier and of lower resolution than those obtained with other PET tracers. The validity of electrocardiographic gating using (82)Rb for assessment of left ventricular (LV) function is not well established. To support feasibility, we compared functional parameters from gated (82)Rb PET with simultaneous high-resolution contrast-enhanced CT ventriculography, obtained as a byproduct a CT coronary angiography during hybrid cardiac PET/CT.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 patients underwent PET/CT, consisting of rest and dipyridamole (82)Rb perfusion studies and contrast-enhanced CT angiography, using a 64-slice scanner, for the workup of coronary artery disease. From gated PET images, LV ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), and end-systolic volume (ESV) were calculated using 2 commercial products. For functional CT analysis, commercial software using endocardial contour detection was applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inter- and intraobserver agreement was good for all methods. On CT, EF was 66% +/- 13%, ESV was 41 +/- 29 mL, and EDV was 115 +/- 36 mL. On PET, EF during dipyridamole was 56% +/- 15% and 52% +/- 15% using the 2 commercial products (P < 0.05 vs. CT), ESV was 36 +/- 28 and 47 +/- 35 mL (P = not significant vs. CT), and EDV was 75 +/- 30 and 91 +/- 33 mL (P < 0.05 vs. CT). Correlations with CT were 0.85 and 0.87 for EF using commercial software, 0.76 and 0.88 for ESV, and 0.60 and 0.68 for EDV (P < 0.01 for all). Bland-Altman analysis confirmed systematic underestimation of EF and EDV by PET versus CT but did not show a significant deviation from linearity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Global LV function can be measured reproducibly from gated (82)Rb PET, using different available software products. However, underestimation of EF by (82)Rb PET, compared with CT ventriculography, is present, which is a result of underestimation of EDV from count-poor ED frames. This underestimation needs to be considered for clinical interpretation of (82)Rb PET.
authors.affiliation: Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Ankit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chander
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Riikka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lautamäki
authors.forename: Corina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Voicu
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Merrill
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Bengel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000790:Angiocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000494:pharmacology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012414:Rubidium Radioisotopes