title: Acute changes in arginine vasopressin, sweat, urine and serum sodium concentrations in exercising humans: does a coordinated homeostatic relationship exist?
abstract: The parallel response of sweat rate and urine production to changes in plasma osmolality and volume support a role for arginine vasopressin (AVP) as the main endocrine regulator of both excretions. A maximal test to exhaustion and a steady-state run on a motorised treadmill were both completed by 10 moderately trained runners, 1 week apart. Sweat, urine and serum sodium concentrations ([Na+]) were evaluated in association with the plasma concentrations of cytokines, neurohypophyseal and natriuretic peptides, and adrenal steroid hormones. When data from both the high-intensity and steady-state runs were combined, significant linear correlations were noted between: sweat [Na+] versus postexercise urine [Na+] (r=0.80; p<0.001), postexercise serum [Na+] versus both postexercise urine [Na+] (r=0.56; p<0.05) and sweat [Na+] (r=0.64; p<0.01) and postexercise urine [Na+] versus postexercise plasma arginine vasopressin concentration ([AVP](P)) (r=0.48; p<0.05). A significant positive correlation was noted between postexercise [AVP](P) and sweat [Na+] during the steady-state condition only (r=0.66; p<0.05). These correlations suggest that changes in serum [Na+] during exercise may evoke corresponding changes in sweat and urine [Na+], which are likely regulated coordinately by changes in [AVP](P) to preserve body fluid homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA. tamara.hew@overhydration.org
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hew-Butler
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Noakes
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Soldin
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Verbalis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D013542:Sweat / Q000737:chemistry; D013546:Sweating / Q000502:physiology; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D012964:Sodium
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