Alterations in the expression, structure and function of progesterone receptor membrane component-1 (PGRMC1) in premature ovarian failure.
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is characterized by hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and amenorrhea before the age of 40. The condition has a heterogeneous background but genetic factors are demonstrated by the occurrence of familial cases. We identified a mother and daughter with POF both of whom carry an X;autosome translocation [t(X;11)(q24;q13)]. RNA expression studies of genes flanking the X-chromosome breakpoint revealed that both patients have reduced expression levels of the gene Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component-1 (PGRMC1). Mutation screening of 67 females with idiopathic POF identified a third patient with a missense mutation (H165R) located in the cytochrome b5 domain of PGRMC1. PGRMC1 mediates the anti-apoptotic action of progesterone in ovarian cells and it acts as a positive regulator of several cytochrome P450 (CYP)-catalyzed reactions. The CYPs are critical for intracellular sterol metabolism, including biosynthesis of steroid hormones. We show that the H165R mutation associated with POF abolishes the binding of cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1) to PGRMC1. In addition, the missense mutation attenuates PGRMC1's ability to mediate the anti-apoptotic action of progesterone in ovarian cells. These findings suggest that mutant or reduced levels of PGMRC1 may cause POF through impaired activation of the microsomal cytochrome P450 and increased apoptosis of ovarian cells.
Mansouri
Mahmoud Reza
MR
Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Schuster
Jens
J
Badhai
Jitendra
J
Stattin
Eva-Lena
EL
Lösel
Ralf
R
Wehling
Martin
M
Carlsson
Birgit
B
Hovatta
Outi
O
Karlström
Per Olof
PO
Golovleva
Irina
I
Toniolo
Daniela
D
Bione
Silvia
S
Peluso
John
J
Dahl
Niklas
N
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X / Q000235:genetics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D055815:Young Adult
D008565:Membrane Proteins; C115296:PGRMC1 protein, human; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
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