title: Iloprost and pentoxifylline attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury in skeletal muscle in rabbit model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the effects of iloprost and pentoxifylline on skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty New Zealand white rabbits were grouped into four. In Group 1, iloprost was continuously infused starting half an hour before the reperfusion following a 2-hour ischemia formed by abdominal aortic occlusion, and it was continued during the 4-hour reperfusion period. Group 2 was treated with pentoxifylline, and Group 3 received saline solution. Group 4 was the sham group. Malondialdehyde levels and edema scores in gastrocnemius muscle were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Edema score was significantly lower in Group 1 when compared with the control group (Group 1 vs Group 3, p=0.040; Group 2 vs Group 3, p=0.145; Group 1 vs Group 2, p=0.580). Malondialdehyde levels of the medicated groups were significantly lower when compared with the control group (Group 1: 60+/-11 nmol/g tissue, Group 2: 74+/-11 nmol/g tissue, Group 3: 95+/-10 nmol/g tissue; Group 1 vs Group 2, p=0.010; Group 1 vs Group 3, p<0.001; Group 2 vs Group 3, p<0.001; Group 1 vs Group 4, p<0.001; Group 2 vs Group 4, p<0.001; Group 3 vs Group 4: p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acute skeletal muscle ischemia is a common problem. We are of the opinion that in the early phase of skeletal muscle ischemia, iloprost and pentoxifylline medication may reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Medicine Faculty of Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey. bilginemrecan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Bilgin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Emrecan
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tulukoğlu
authors.forename: Sahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bozok
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aksun
authors.forename: Serhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yağdi
authors.forename: Ali Vefa
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saçar
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gürbüz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016285:Iloprost / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D016285:Iloprost; D010431:Pentoxifylline