Cortical reorganization in children with cochlear implants.
Congenital deafness leads to atypical organization of the auditory nervous system. However, the extent to which auditory pathways reorganize during deafness is not well understood. We recorded cortical auditory evoked potentials in normal hearing children and in congenitally deaf children fitted with cochlear implants. High-density EEG and source modeling revealed principal activity from auditory cortex in normal hearing and early implanted children. However, children implanted after a critical period of seven years revealed activity from parietotemporal cortex in response to auditory stimulation, demonstrating reorganized cortical pathways. Reorganization of central auditory pathways is limited by the age at which implantation occurs, and may help explain the benefits and limitations of implantation in congenitally deaf children.
Gilley
Phillip M
PM
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Science, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2501 Kittredge Loop Rd., 409 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0409, USA. phillip.gilley@colorado.edu
Sharma
Anu
A
Dorman
Michael F
MF
D000293:Adolescent; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003638:Deafness / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory; D006801:Humans; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors
J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2003 Jun;4(2):235-49
12943375
Brain. 1984 Mar;107 ( Pt 1):115-31
6697149
J Cogn Neurosci. 2002 Jul 1;14(5):687-701
12167254
J Nucl Med. 2008 Jan;49(1):60-7
18077520
Neurosci Lett. 2001 Aug 3;308(2):107-10
11457571
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1986 Sep;65(5):344-60
2427326
Audiol Neurootol. 2002 Mar-Apr;7(2):71-99
12006736
Science. 2005 Dec 2;310(5753):1490-2
16322457
Cereb Cortex. 2003 Jan;13(1):100-13
12466221
Clin Neurophysiol. 2002 Mar;113(3):407-20
11897541
Pediatr Clin North Am. 2003 Apr;50(2):341-61, viii
12809327
Neural Comput. 1995 Nov;7(6):1129-59
7584893
Exp Brain Res. 2007 Apr;178(3):296-307
17051378
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Apr 24;104(17):7295-300
17404220
Ear Hear. 2006 Dec;27(6):628-44
17086075
Ear Hear. 2002 Dec;23(6):532-9
12476090
Nature. 2001 Jan 11;409(6817):149-50
11196628
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg. 2003;57(4):227-36
14714940
Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2002 Nov;14(3):422-34
12421665
Clin Neurophysiol. 2007 Jun;118(6):1274-85
17462945
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl. 2002 May;189:38-41
12018346
Neuroimage. 2004 Jul;22(3):1173-81
15219589
J Neurosci. 2001 Nov 15;21(22):8931-42
11698604
J Neurocytol. 2003 Mar;32(3):229-43
14724386
Nucl Med Commun. 2004 May;25(5):521-5
15100513
Clin Neurophysiol. 2008 Mar;119(3):576-586
18164659
Cereb Cortex. 2000 Jul;10(7):714-26
10906318
J Neurosci. 2000 Sep 1;20(17):RC93
10952732
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1985 Jan;62(1):32-44
2578376
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 1999 Feb 15;47(2):131-6
10206360
Clin Neurophysiol. 2001 Aug;112(8):1400-7
11459679
Psychophysiology. 2008 Jan;45(1):20-4
17910729
J Am Acad Audiol. 2005 Sep;16(8):564-73
16295243
Neuroreport. 1996 Dec 20;8(1):61-5
9051753
J Cogn Neurosci. 2005 Oct;17(10):1621-37
16269101
Neuroreport. 1994 Dec 20;5(18):2697-701
7535122
Adv Otorhinolaryngol. 2006;64:66-88
16891837
Neuroreport. 2002 Jul 19;13(10):1365-8
12151804
Acta Otolaryngol. 2007 Dec;127(12):1283-91
17851933
J Neurophysiol. 1965 Nov;28(6):1060-72
5883732
Hear Res. 2001 Apr;154(1-2):32-44
11423213
Science. 1999 Sep 10;285(5434):1729-33
10481008
Brain Res Rev. 2007 Nov;56(1):259-69
17950463
Exp Brain Res. 2000 Mar;131(1):144-8
10759180
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl. 2002 May;189:69-73
12018353
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2002;24 Suppl D:5-12
12575463
Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Aug;117(8):1772-82
16807102
Cereb Cortex. 2005 May;15(5):552-62
15319310
Clin Neurophysiol. 2002 May;113(5):702-12
11976050
Neuropediatrics. 2002 Oct;33(5):239-41
12536365
J Comp Neurol. 1986 Jun 1;248(1):36-56
3722452
Acta Otolaryngol. 2003 Jan;123(2):249-52
12701751
Nat Neurosci. 2001 Dec;4(12):1171-3
11704763
Hear Res. 1992 Aug;61(1-2):1-11
1526882
Laryngoscope. 2005 Mar;115(3):445-9
15744155
Hum Brain Mapp. 2008 Jun;29(6):696-710
17598163
Cereb Cortex. 2002 Aug;12(8):797-807
12122028
J Neurosci Methods. 2004 Mar 15;134(1):9-21
15102499