title: Epidemiology, treatment and outcome of patients after severe traumatic brain injury in European regions with different economic status.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We hypothesized that the economic status of a region might influence quality of care and outcome of patients with severe brain trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2001 and December 2005, 13 centres enrolled patients with severe brain trauma. Data on accident, treatment and outcomes were collected prospectively. The regions were classified as 'high income' (Austria, five centres), 'upper middle income' (UMI) (Croatia, Slovakia, six centres) or 'lower middle income' (LMI) (Bosnia, Macedonia, two centres). Data on epidemiology, treatment and outcomes were compared according to this classification. Quality of care was assessed using a new scoring system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1172 data sets were analysed. Patients from the wealthier regions were significantly older. Low-level falls and traffic accidents contributed to more than two-third of all cases. Violence-related trauma was significantly more frequent in 'middle income' regions. Treatment quality was significantly different; treatment according to guidelines for brain trauma management was provided most frequently for patients from high-income regions. Compared with expected mortality rates, mortality was 6.5% lower in the 'high-income' centres, 2.4% lower in the 'UMI' centres and 13% higher in the 'LMI' centres. Advanced age, poor neurological status, high trauma severity and poor quality of care were associated with significantly lower odds for survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association between the economic status and outcome of brain trauma patients was due to the quality of care. Successful implementation of guidelines for brain trauma management requires a well-funded health care system.
authors.affiliation: Trauma Hospital "Lorenz Boehler", Vienna, Austria. walter.mauritz@igeh.org
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mauritz
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wilbacher
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majdan
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leitgeb
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Janciak
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brazinova
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rusnak
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data