title: Protein adsorption and cell adhesion on nanoscale bioactive coatings formed from poly(ethylene glycol) and albumin microgels.
abstract: Late-term thrombosis on drug-eluting stents is an emerging problem that might be addressed using extremely thin, biologically active hydrogel coatings. We report a dip-coating strategy to covalently link poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to substrates, producing coatings with approximately <100 nm thickness. Gelation of PEG-octavinylsulfone with amines in either bovine serum albumin (BSA) or PEG-octaamine was monitored by dynamic light scattering (DLS), revealing the presence of microgels before macrogelation. NMR also revealed extremely high end-group conversions prior to macrogelation, consistent with the formation of highly crosslinked microgels and deviation from Flory-Stockmayer theory. Before macrogelation, the reacting solutions were diluted and incubated with nucleophile-functionalized surfaces. Using optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy (OWLS) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), we identified a highly hydrated, protein-resistant layer with a thickness of approximately 75 nm. Atomic force microscopy in buffered water revealed the presence of coalesced spheres of various sizes but with diameters less than about 100 nm. Microgel-coated glass or poly(ethylene terephthalate) exhibited reduced protein adsorption and cell adhesion. Cellular interactions with the surface could be controlled by using different proteins to cap unreacted vinylsulfone groups within the coating.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering and Center for Materials Innovation, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1097, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO 63105, USA.
authors.forename: Evan A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: Lee H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Cordova
authors.forename: Brandon J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Young-Shin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Elbert
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D005782:Gels; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005782:Gels; D011506:Proteins; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D005340:Fibrinogen
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2007 Nov;8(11):3682-6
references.pmid: 17929970
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2005 Nov-Dec;6(6):3388-96
references.pmid: 16283770
references.citation: Langmuir. 2007 Sep 11;23(19):9760-8
references.pmid: 17691829
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jun 21;91(13):5967-71
references.pmid: 8016098
references.citation: Nat Med. 1996 Sep;2(9):1022-7
references.pmid: 8782461
references.citation: Biophys J. 2008 Jan 1;94(1):273-85
references.pmid: 17827231
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2006 Apr;27(12):2534-41
references.pmid: 16364431
references.citation: Biophys J. 2004 Jul;87(1):553-61
references.pmid: 15240488
references.citation: Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1969 Dec;47(12):1043-5
references.pmid: 5360363
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2006 Mar;27(8):1209-15
references.pmid: 16157371
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2006 Apr;7(4):1335-43
references.pmid: 16602758
references.citation: Macromol Biosci. 2007 Aug 7;7(8):1010-23
references.pmid: 17674362
references.citation: Langmuir. 2006 Jun 20;22(13):5760-9
references.pmid: 16768506
references.citation: J Biomed Mater Res. 1995 Feb;29(2):207-15
references.pmid: 7738068
references.citation: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2005 Sep 15;74(4):607-17
references.pmid: 16035061
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2007 Feb;28(5):851-60
references.pmid: 17056106
references.citation: Biosens Bioelectron. 2004 Oct 15;20(3):553-61
references.pmid: 15494239
references.citation: J Chem Phys. 2007 Oct 28;127(16):164905
references.pmid: 17979392
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2001 Dec 15;73(24):5796-804
references.pmid: 11791547
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2001 Apr 1;73(7):1560-6
references.pmid: 11321309
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2005 May;26(15):2467-77
references.pmid: 15585249
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2007 Oct;8(10):3271-5
references.pmid: 17877399
references.citation: Biotechnol Bioeng. 1994 Apr 5;43(8):772-80
references.pmid: 18615801
references.citation: J Invasive Cardiol. 2006 Sep;18(9):423-6; discussion 427
references.pmid: 16954581
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2005 Jul-Aug;6(4):2032-9
references.pmid: 16004442
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2005 Jan-Feb;6(1):290-301
references.pmid: 15638532
references.citation: J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2006;17(9):985-96
references.pmid: 17094637
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2001 Summer;2(2):430-41
references.pmid: 11749203
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2001 Spring;2(1):85-94
references.pmid: 11749159
references.citation: J Biomed Mater Res. 1992 Apr;26(4):415-39
references.pmid: 1601898
references.citation: Langmuir. 2005 Mar 29;21(7):3076-83
references.pmid: 15779987
references.citation: J Biomed Mater Res A. 2006 Dec 15;79(4):788-803
references.pmid: 16883583
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1987;516:78-95
references.pmid: 3326491
references.citation: J Biomed Mater Res. 2000 Jun 5;50(3):331-9
references.pmid: 10737874
references.citation: Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs. 1971;17:6-9
references.pmid: 5158137