title: Magnetic resonance imaging detects differences in migration between primary and immortalized neural stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was performed to evaluate the effect of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent (super paramagnetic iron oxide [SPIO]) on differentiation and migration of primary murine neural stem cells (NSCs) in comparison to a neural stem cell line (C17.2). Because detection of labeled cells depends on the concentration of SPIO particles per imaging voxel, the study was performed at various concentrations of SPIO particles to determine the concentration that could be used for in vivo detection of small clusters of grafted cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Murine primary NSCs or C17.2 cells were labeled with different concentrations of SPIO particles (0, 25, 100, and 250 microg Fe/mL) and in vitro assays were performed to assess cell differentiation. In vivo MRI was performed 7 weeks after neonatal transplantation of labeled cells to evaluate the difference in migration capability of the two cell populations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the primary NSCs and the C17.2 cells differentiated to similar number of neurons (Map2ab-positive cells). Similar patterns of engraftment of C17.2 cells were seen in transplanted mice regardless of the SPIO concentration used. In vivo MRI detection of grafted primary and C17.2 cells was only possible when cells were incubated with 100 microg/mL or higher concentration of SPIO. Extensive migration of C17.2 cells throughout the brain was observed, whereas the migration of the primary NSCs was more restricted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Engraftment of primary NSCs can be detected noninvasively by in vivo MRI, and the presence of SPIO particles do not affect the viability, differentiation, or engraftment pattern of the donor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, B6 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Magnitsky
authors.forename: Raquel M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: Harish
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Poptani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C427127:superparamagnetic blood pool agent; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide
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