title: Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis dam mutant induces low NOS-2 and COX-2 expression in macrophages via attenuation of MAPK and NF-kappaB pathways.
abstract: Although dam mutants of Salmonella have been proposed as live vaccines, their capacity to trigger cell inflammatory cascades has not been fully elucidated. We investigated in detail the ability of Salmonella enterica dam mutant to activate the signalling pathways of the inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. Apoptosis in macrophages treated with Salmonella dam mutant was low. Similarly, the expression of both NOS-2 and COX-2 and subsequently the production of NO and PGE(2) was significantly reduced. Also, Salmonella dam mutant induced an attenuated activation of the inflammatory signalling pathway as indicated by the reduced degradation of IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta and the low IkappaBalpha phosphorylation found. In addition, translocation of p65 to the nucleus was notably impaired and the amount of phosphorylated p44, p42 and p38 MAPKs was clearly reduced in extracts from dam-infected macrophages. These results indicate that the lack of ERK and p38 phosphorylation at the proper time in dam-infected cells notably reduces the engagement of subsequent signalling pathways involved in the full activation of NF-kappaB in response to infection. Taken together, these results suggest that Salmonella activation of both signalling cascades in the inflammatory response is a mechanism requiring Dam protein participation.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos (CEFYBO-CONICET-UBA), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina. ccerquetti@fmed.uba.ar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cristina Cerquetti
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hovsepian
authors.forename: Sebastian H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sarnacki
authors.forename: Nora B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Goren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D015265:Site-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific) / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C058693:Dam methyltransferase; D015265:Site-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific); D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D015232:Dinoprostone