title: Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw camel milk samples.
abstract: In the present study 320 milk samples collected from 160 apparently healthy camels of three different locations in Sudan were investigated for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus resulting in the isolation of this bacterial pathogen from 28 milk samples from 24 camels. Twenty-five S. aureus were identified phenotypically and by PCR mediated amplification of species-specific genes or gene segments. Investigation of the S. aureus for toxinogenic potential revealed that three S. aureus strains were positive for the enterotoxin encoding gene sec and the genes seg, sei, sem, sen and seo, representing the egc gene cluster. In addition all 25 S. aureus were positive for the superantigen-like encoding gene ssl7 (set1). Partial sequencing of gene sec of the three S. aureus strains yielded an almost complete sequence identity to the sequence of the sec variant sec2. However, all three sec2 genes of the present study showed a deletion of one base causing a frame shift and a corresponding earlier stop codon. According to the present results, the raw camel milk collected from three locations in Sudan seems to be, at least at this stage, of minor importance as vector causing staphylococcal food poisoning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Nyala, Southern Darfur, Nyala, Sudan.
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Shuiep
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanbar
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eissa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alber
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lämmler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zschöck
authors.forename: I E M
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: El Zubeir
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002162:Camelus / Q000382:microbiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004768:Enterotoxins; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S