title: [Early recurrence after the resection of hepatocellular carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the precise time of the recurrence after resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to further explore the risk factors associated with postoperative recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totally 94 patients who had undergone resection of HCC were divided into three groups based on the time of recurrence, which was indicated by the digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination: recurrence between 1 to 6 months, recurrence between 7 to 12 months, and tumor-free after 12 months. Patients with intra-hepatic recurrence were treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and confirmed by CT scans after embolization, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The recurrence rates of 6 months and 1 year were 30.9% and 36.2%, respectively. No statistically significant difference between 6-month and 1-year recurrence rates was observed. Nine (26.5%) patients with recurrence and five (8.3%) patients free of tumor had previously presented as multifocal HCC, which showed a statistical significance (P = 0.032). The diagnostic accuracy of DSA was 87.2%, which was eventually confirmed by the other investigations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most recurrences occure within the first six months postoperatively and multifocal carcinogenesis is one of the risk factors associated with early recurrence after liver resection for advanced HCC. DSA is an important surveillance for early detection of intra-hepatic recurrence after surgery; meanwhile, it also provides information for early management to control the disease progression and for future active therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Surgery, PUMC Hospital, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing 100730, China. luxinln@public.bta.net.cn
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hai-tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yi-lei
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Xin-ting
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.forename: Yi-yao
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Shun-da
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Hai-feng
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Tian-yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Zhi-ying
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shou-xian
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Jie-fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011184:Postoperative Period; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed