title: Use of concept of chemotherapy-equivalent biologically effective dose to provide quantitative evaluation of contribution of chemotherapy to local tumor control in chemoradiotherapy cervical cancer trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To express the magnitude of the contribution of chemotherapy to local tumor control in chemoradiotherapy cervical cancer trials in terms of the concept of the biologically effective dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  The local control rates of both arms of each study (radiotherapy vs. radiotherapy plus chemotherapy) reported from randomized controlled trials of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer were reviewed and expressed using the Poisson model for tumor control probability (TCP) as TCP = exp(-exp E), where E is the logarithm of cell kill. By combining the two TCP values from each study, we calculated the chemotherapy-related log cell kill as Ec = ln[(lnTCP(Radiotherapy))/(lnTCP(Chemoradiotherapy))]. Assuming a range of radiosensitivities (alpha = 0.1-0.5 Gy(-1)) and taking the calculated log cell kill, we calculated the chemotherapy-BED, and using the linear quadratic model, the number of 2-Gy fractions corresponding to each BED. The effect of a range of tumor volumes and radiosensitivities (alpha Gy(-1)) on the TCP was also explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The chemotherapy-equivalent number of 2-Gy fractions range was 0.2-4 and was greater in tumors with lower radiosensitivity. In those tumors with intermediate radiosensitivity (alpha = 0.3 Gy(-1)), the equivalent number of 2-Gy fractions was 0.6-1.3, corresponding to 120-260 cGy of extra dose. The opportunities for clinically detectable improvement are only available in tumors with intermediate radiosensitivity with alpha = 0.22-0.28 Gy(-1). The dependence of TCP on the tumor volume decreases as the radiosensitivity increases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study have shown that the contribution of chemotherapy to the TCP in cervical cancer is expected to be clinically detectable in larger and less-radiosensitive tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Plataniotis
authors.forename: Roger G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Dale
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin