title: Phylogenetic and molecular analysis of HTLV-1 isolates from a medium sized town in northern of Brazil: tracing a common origin of the virus from the most endemic city in the country.
abstract: Salvador-Bahia has the highest prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in Brazil; about 2% of the population is infected. In this city, the prevalence of HTLV in pregnant women is 1%. There is no data of the HTLV-1 prevalence in others cities of the Bahia's Recôncavo, where the population has similar social and demography characteristics to those from Salvador. Our aim was to evaluate the seroprevalence of HTLV in pregnant women in Cruz das Almas-Bahia, a medium-sized city from the Bahia's Recôncavo. All individuals were tested for HTLV (ELISA) and the positive samples were confirmed by Western Blot. Phylogenetic analyses of the total LTR region were performed in all positive samples. We tested 408 samples (45.4% of the estimate pregnant women population) between June 1st and October 31, 2005. The prevalence of HTLV-1 infection was 0.98%. In addition, all isolated virus were grouped in the subtype HTLV-1a, in the Latin American group. Our results suggest that the introduction of HTLV-1 occurred after the slave trade into Salvador. In addition, HTLV-1-infection should be screened during the pregnancy in women originating from HTLV-1 endemic areas.
authors.affiliation: Bahia School of Medicine and Public Health/Bahia Foundation for Development of Science, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Themístocles
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: Aline Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mota-Miranda
authors.forename: Luiz Carlos Junior
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Alcantara
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Olavarria
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Galvão-Castro
authors.forename: Maria Fernanda
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Rios-Grassi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011247:Pregnancy; D037841:Pregnant People; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies