title: Racial differences in arthritis-related stress, chronic life stress, and depressive symptoms among women with arthritis: a contextual perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the effects of arthritis-related stress and chronic life stress on depressive symptoms among African Americans and Whites with arthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 175 African American and White women (aged 45-90) who completed structured questionnaires assessing arthritis-related stress (i.e., pain, functional impairment, perceived stress), chronic life stress (i.e., discrimination, financial stress, life stressors), and well-being (i.e., depressive symptoms).
  
  
  RESULTS
  African Americans reported more functional impairment and lower perceived arthritis stress, but more life stressors, financial stress, and discrimination, than Whites. Arthritis-related stress accounted for similar proportions of variance in depressive symptoms across African Americans (DeltaR2=.16, p<.001) and Whites (DeltaR2=.24, p<.001). However, chronic life stressors explained significantly more variance among African Americans (DeltaR2=.20, p<.001, vs DeltaR2=.06, p<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings demonstrate the importance of considering contextual factors influencing women's health and well-being, particularly for those women with a chronic illness, including arthritis. Although arthritis-related stressors may be the predominant factors affecting well-being for Whites with arthritis, well-being in African Americans with arthritis is also closely tied to broader life stressors. Results suggest the importance of looking beyond illness-specific stressors when studying aging and health.
authors.affiliation: School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Avenue, MHC1318, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. mcilvane@cas.usf.edu
authors.forename: Jessica M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McIlvane
authors.forename: Tamara A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Chivon A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mingo
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001168:Arthritis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005431:Florida / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology*