title: Adipokines influencing metabolic and cardiovascular disease are differentially regulated in maintenance hemodialysis.
abstract: Adipokines including leptin, adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, and interleukin (IL)-6 significantly influence energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and cardiovascular health. In the current study, we investigated serum levels of these adipokines in diabetic and nondiabetic patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MD) as compared with controls with a glomerular filtration rate greater than 50 mL/min. Serum leptin, adiponectin, high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, and IL-6 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in control (n = 60) and MD (n = 60) patients and correlated to clinical and biochemical measures of renal function, glucose, and lipid metabolism, as well as inflammation. Adiponectin, visfatin, resistin, and IL-6 were significantly elevated in MD patients as compared with controls. In multivariate analyses, sex and body mass index were independently correlated with serum leptin levels in both controls and MD patients. Furthermore, insulin resistance was independently and negatively associated with adiponectin and HMW adiponectin in both groups. Moreover, circulating resistin levels were independently correlated with serum visfatin concentrations in control and MD patients. However, various independent associations were only found in either controls or patients on MD. Thus, serum IL-6 levels were strongly and independently associated with C reactive protein and resistin in MD patients but not control subjects. We show that levels of various adipokines are significantly increased in MD patients. Furthermore, regulation of adipokines in vivo strongly depends on renal function. Regulation of HMW adiponectin is similar as compared with total adiponectin in the patients studied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ziegelmeier
authors.forename: Anette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seeger
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lossner
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kratzsch
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blüher
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stumvoll
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fasshauer
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D015850:Interleukin-6