title: Junctional adhesion molecule C mediates leukocyte adhesion to rheumatoid arthritis synovium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Leukocyte infiltration into the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium is a multistep process in which leukocytes leave the bloodstream and invade the synovial tissue (ST). Leukocyte transendothelial migration and adhesion to RA ST requires adhesion molecules on the surface of endothelial cells and RA ST fibroblasts. This study was undertaken to investigate the role of junctional adhesion molecule C (JAM-C) in mediating leukocyte recruitment and retention in the RA joint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistologic analysis was performed on RA, osteoarthritis (OA), and normal ST samples to quantify JAM-C expression. Fibroblast JAM-C expression was also analyzed using Western blotting, cell surface enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunofluorescence. To determine the role of JAM-C in leukocyte retention in the RA synovium, in vitro and in situ adhesion assays and RA ST fibroblast transmigration assays were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  JAM-C was highly expressed by RA ST lining cells, and its expression was increased in OA ST and RA ST endothelial cells compared with normal ST endothelial cells. JAM-C was also expressed on the surface of OA ST and RA ST fibroblasts. Furthermore, we demonstrated that myeloid U937 cell adhesion to both OA ST and RA ST fibroblasts and to RA ST was dependent on JAM-C. U937 cell migration through an RA ST fibroblast monolayer was enhanced in the presence of neutralizing antibodies against JAM-C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results highlight the novel role of JAM-C in recruiting and retaining leukocytes in the RA synovium and suggest that targeting JAM-C may be important in combating inflammatory diseases such as RA.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Medical School, Department of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Rabquer
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pakozdi
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: Bansari S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Gujar
authors.forename: G Kenneth
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.forename: Beat A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Imhof
authors.forename: Alisa E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C448000:JAM3 protein, human