title: Guideline-consistent antidepressant treatment patterns among veterans with diabetes and major depressive disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study estimated guideline-consistent antidepressant treatment of depression among veterans with diabetes and examined its variation by patient-level demographic characteristics, socioeconomic characteristics, access to care, and health status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were retrospectively analyzed from Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and Medicare claims of VHA clinic users with diabetes and major depressive disorder (N=3,953). Major depression was identified by using ICD-9-CM codes 296.2 and 296.3. Incident episode was identified by using 120-day negative diagnosis and medication history on or before the first depression diagnosis date in fiscal year 1999. Guideline-consistent depression treatment was defined as the receipt of antidepressants for at least 90 days within a period of six months after the onset of depression. Chi square tests and logistic regressions were used to analyze patterns of guideline-consistent antidepressant treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 51% received any antidepressant treatment for diagnosed major depression; among patients using any antidepressants, 62% received guideline-consistent antidepressant treatment. VHA users who received care from a mental health specialist were more likely to have guideline-consistent treatment than those who were not receiving care from a mental health specialist. African Americans, older veterans, and those with substance use disorders were less likely to have guideline-consistent antidepressant treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Guideline-consistent depression care was lower for certain subgroups of individuals. Further research is necessary to evaluate the reasons for this finding, so that targeted care coordination strategies could be developed to improve antidepressant treatment. Increased contact with mental health specialty staff, which is now being implemented in the VHA, may increase antidepressant treatment among VHA users with diabetes and major depression.
authors.affiliation: Health Services Research and Development Center for Health Care Knowledge and Management, New Jersey Health Care System, Department of Veteran Affairs (VA), East Orange, NewJersey 07018, USA.
authors.forename: Anjali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Mangala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pogach
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olfson
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sambamoorthi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents