Biological and potential therapeutic roles of sirtuin deacetylases.
Sirtuins comprise a unique class of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+))-dependent deacetylases that target multiple protein substrates to execute diverse biological functions. These enzymes are key regulators of clinically important cellular and organismal processes, including metabolism, cell division and aging. The desire to understand the important determinants of human health and lifespan has resulted in a firestorm of work on the seven mammalian sirtuins in less than a decade. The implication of sirtuins in medically important areas such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular dysfunction and neurodegenerative disease has further catapulted them to a prominent status as potential targets for nutritional and therapeutic development. Here, we present a review of published results on sirtuin biology and its relevance to human disease.
Taylor
D M
DM
Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland.
Maxwell
M M
MM
Luthi-Carter
R
R
Kazantsev
A G
AG
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004194:Disease; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D037761:Sirtuins; D006655:Histone Deacetylases