title: Effect of cervicitis on visual inspection with acetic acid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine whether the presence of cervicitis influenced the accuracy of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a pilot study, 502 women from rural El Salvador were screened for cervical cancer using methods including colposcopy and VIA. The presence of cervicitis was assessed by grading the amount of inflammation on each woman's cervical biopsy. Data from 495 women found to be free of cervical neoplasia were analyzed for the present study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study population, 74% of women were classified as having cervicitis. Both the result of visual inspection and the result of colposcopy were highly associated with the presence of cervicitis (p =.007 and p =.006, respectively). Women with cervicitis were twice as likely to have a positive VIA result as women without cervicitis (odds ratio = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0-3.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of cervicitis may influence the accuracy of results obtained from colposcopy and VIA. This observation may be of particular importance in low-resource settings such as El Salvador where visual inspection methods are more commonly used in screening for cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Davis-Dao
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cremer
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Felix
authors.forename: Victoria K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Cortessis
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003127:Colposcopy; D015897:Comorbidity; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002575:Uterine Cervicitis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D019342:Acetic Acid