title: Serial (1)H-MRS of thalamus during deep brain stimulation of bilateral globus pallidus internus for primary generalized dystonia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The physiological mechanisms of deep brain stimulation (DBS) are not completely clear. Our understanding of them may be facilitated with the use of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial (1)H-MRS of both thalami was performed during the course of DBS of bilateral globus pallidus internus in a patient with primary generalized dystonia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two days after microelectrode implantation, a pulse frequency of 185 Hz was applied for stimulation. It resulted in relief of symptoms and a decrease of Burke-Fahn-Marsden dystonia rating scale (BFMDRS) scores, and was accompanied by a prominent increase of N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/choline-containing compounds (Cho) ratio, a mild increase of NAA/creatine (Cr) ratio, and a moderate decrease of Cho/Cr ratio. Two weeks later, for a search of the optimal stimulation mode, the pulse frequency was switched to 60 Hz, which resulted in clinical deterioration and significant increase of BFMDRS scores. At that time, all investigated (1)H-MRS-detected metabolic parameters had nearly returned to the pretreatment levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of serial (1)H-MRS investigations of various brain structures during DBS in cases of movement disorders permits detailed evaluation of the treatment response, has a potential for its possible prediction, and may facilitate understanding of the physiological mechanisms of stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. m_chernov@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mikhail F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Chernov
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Takaomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taira
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Ryoichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muragaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iseki
authors.forename: Tomokatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Kintomo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takakura
mesh_terms: D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D005917:Globus Pallidus; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013788:Thalamus / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001224:Aspartic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline