title: Predicting 6-year mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to create a tool that predicts the risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was based on a cohort of 33,067 patients with type 2 diabetes identified in the Cleveland Clinic electronic health record (EHR) who were initially prescribed a single oral hypoglycemic agent between 1998 and 2006. Mortality was determined in the EHR and the Social Security Death Index. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was created using medication class and 20 other predictor variables chosen for their association with mortality. A prediction tool was created using the Cox model coefficients. The tool was internally validated using repeated, random subsets of the cohort, which were not used to create the prediction model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up in the cohort ranged from 1 day to 8.2 years (median 28.6 months), and 3,661 deaths were observed. The prediction tool had a concordance index (i.e., c statistic) of 0.752.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We successfully created a tool that accurately predicts mortality risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. The incorporation of medications into mortality predictions in patients with type 2 diabetes should improve treatment decisions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arrigain
authors.forename: Changhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wayne A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Rosenkrans
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Kattan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018570:Risk Assessment