title: Gender-violence against the female nursing staff of a Brazilian hospital in São Paulo City.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the occurrence of psychological, physical and sexual violence among female nursing staff.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross sectional study, conducted with a sample of 179 professionals (50 nurses and 129 nursing aides / nurse technicians) in a general hospital in the municipality of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, 2005-2006. A validated questionnaire was applied in face to face interviews with these professionals, conducted by trained interviewers. Psychological, physical and sexual forms of violence were addressed, involving both male and female aggressors who were classified as: intimate partners, family members and other aggressors such as acquaintances and strangers. A descriptive analysis was undertaken, in which the frequency of the occurrence of the different types of violence was calculated with a 95% confidence interval.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequent form of violence was intimate partner violence (63.7%; 95% CI: 55.7;70.4), followed by violence perpetrated by others (45.8%; 95% CI: 38.3;53.4) including patients and people accompanying them, colleagues within the field of health, head nurses, acquaintances and strangers. Family members occupied the third place as aggressors, (41.3%; 95% CI: 34.0;48.9), and the majority of these were fathers, brothers, uncles and cousins. In general, the nursing staff did not seek help frequently when acts of aggression occurred: only 29.7% of those who suffered intimate partner violence; 20.3% whose aggressors were others and 29.3% whose aggressors were family members sought help. Those who did not perceive their experience as a form of violence represented 31.9% of the subjects interviewed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rates of gender violence among female health professionals were important, particularly with respect to violence committed by intimate partners and family members. However, the proportion of these women who sought help was low, considering the fact that this group has a significant educational level.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brasil.
authors.forename: Ane R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Ana Flávia P L
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: D'Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018585:Battered Women / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016272:Occupational Health; D012737:Sex Factors; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012747:Sexual Partners / Q000523:psychology; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014505:Urban Population; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult