title: The HDAC inhibitor 4b ameliorates the disease phenotype and transcriptional abnormalities in Huntington's disease transgenic mice.
abstract: Transcriptional dysregulation has emerged as a core pathologic feature of Huntington's disease (HD), one of several triplet-repeat disorders characterized by movement deficits and cognitive dysfunction. Although the mechanisms contributing to the gene expression deficits remain unknown, therapeutic strategies have aimed to improve transcriptional output via modulation of chromatin structure. Recent studies have demonstrated therapeutic effects of commercially available histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors in several HD models; however, the therapeutic value of these compounds is limited by their toxic effects. Here, beneficial effects of a novel pimelic diphenylamide HDAC inhibitor, HDACi 4b, in an HD mouse model are reported. Chronic oral administration of HDACi 4b, beginning after the onset of motor deficits, significantly improved motor performance, overall appearance, and body weight of symptomatic R6/2(300Q) transgenic mice. These effects were associated with significant attenuation of gross brain-size decline and striatal atrophy. Microarray studies revealed that HDACi 4b treatment ameliorated, in part, alterations in gene expression caused by the presence of mutant huntingtin protein in the striatum, cortex, and cerebellum of R6/2(300Q) transgenic mice. For selected genes, HDACi 4b treatment reversed histone H3 hypoacetylation observed in the presence of mutant huntingtin, in association with correction of mRNA expression levels. These findings suggest that HDACi 4b, and possibly related HDAC inhibitors, may offer clinical benefit for HD patients and provide a novel set of potential biomarkers for clinical assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. bthomas@scripps.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: Paula A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Desplats
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Soragni
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.forename: Fuying
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Kelsey M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Jenna F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Borok
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Geschwind
authors.forename: Joel M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gottesfeld
mesh_terms: D000813:Anilides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D010641:Phenotype; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000813:Anilides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; C533202:N1-(2-aminophenyl)-N7-phenylheptanediamide; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D006655:Histone Deacetylases