title: Immunogenicity of pneumococcal vaccination in renal transplant recipients and hemodialysis patients: a comparative controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this study were: to assess and compare the antibody responses of renal allograft recipients and dialysis patients to pneumococcal vaccination.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 stable dialysis patients as well as 37 kidney transplant recipients were eligible for inclusion in this trial. Participated patients receive a single 0.5-mL of 23-valent vaccine Pneumovax administered intramuscularly in the upper extremities. The efficacy of vaccination was evaluated by measuring the antibody response to the whole vaccine. Sera were obtained prior to vaccination and 4 weeks, 6 months and 1 year after the vaccination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prior to vaccination, mean IgG and IgG2 titers were equivalent in Dx and KTx patients (p>0.1 in both). Four weeks after vaccination, 49 out of 51 participated patients (96%) represented an increase in their anti pneumococcal IgG levels (mean 99+/-66) compared to 48 out of 51 (94%) for month 6 (mean 90+/-59), and 38 out of 45 (85%) for the first year after vaccination (mean 73+/-69). KTx patients kept significantly more serum IgG2 levels at months 6 and 12 after vaccination (p=0.001, p=0.03, respectively; Table 1). Mean IgG values for month 6 was 9+/-41 units lesser than month 1 post vaccination serum IgG levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that patients with renal failure on hemodialysis and kidney transplantation well respond to immunization by anti pneumococcal vaccination. But, they rapidly loss their serum antibody levels during the one year after vaccination. Specifying protective levels for serum IgG and IgG2 levels in these patients would help us to more precisely follow these patients and to consider a revaccination when they failed to save the protective serum antibody level.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Research Center, Tehran, Iran. Pourfarziani@gmail.com
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pourfarziani
authors.forename: Mohammad Bagher
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ramezani
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Izadi
authors.forename: Behzad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Einollahi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000917:Antibody Formation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines