title: A randomized controlled trial of team-based care: impact of physician-pharmacist collaboration on uncontrolled hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluate the effectiveness of collaborative management of hypertension by primary care-pharmacist teams in community-based clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-month prospective, single-blind, randomized, controlled trial in the Providence Primary Care Research Network of patients with hypertension and uncontrolled blood pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  As compared to usual primary care, intervention consisted of pharmacy practitioners participating in the active management of hypertension in the primary care office according to established collaborative treatment protocols. At baseline, there was no significant difference in blood pressure between groups. Primary outcome measures were the differences in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures between arms at study end. Secondary measures included blood pressure goal attainment (<140/90 mmHg), hypertension-related knowledge, medication adherence, home blood pressure monitoring, resource utilization, quality of life, and satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 463 subjects were enrolled (n = 233 control, n = 230 intervention). Subjects receiving the intervention achieved significantly lower systolic (p = 0.007) and diastolic (p = 0.002) blood pressures compared to control (137/75 mmHg vs. 143/78 mmHg). In addition, 62% of intervention subjects achieved target blood pressure compared to 44% of control subjects (p = 0.003). The intervention group received more total office visits (7.2 vs. 4.9, p < 0.0001), however had fewer physician visits (3.2 vs. 4.7, p < 0.0001) compared to control. Intervention subjects were prescribed more antihypertensive medications (2.7 vs. 2.4, p = 0.02), but did not take more antihypertensive pills per day (2.4 vs. 2.5, p = 0.87). There were minimal differences between groups in hypertension-related knowledge, medication adherence, quality of life, or satisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients randomized to collaborative primary care-pharmacist hypertension management achieved significantly better blood pressure control compared to usual care with no difference in quality of life or satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Providence Physician Division, Beaverton, OR, USA.jacquelyn.hunt@providence.org
authors.forename: Jacquelyn S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siemienczuk
authors.forename: Ginger
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pape
authors.forename: Yelena
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rozenfeld
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: MacKay
authors.forename: Benjamin H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Touchette
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000639:trends; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000639:trends; D010820:Physicians / Q000639:trends; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method