title: Neanderthal exploitation of marine mammals in Gibraltar.
abstract: Two coastal sites in Gibraltar, Vanguard and Gorham's Caves, located at Governor's Beach on the eastern side of the Rock, are especially relevant to the study of Neanderthals. Vanguard Cave provides evidence of marine food supply (mollusks, seal, dolphin, and fish). Further evidence of marine mammal remains was also found in the occupation levels at Gorham's Cave associated with Upper Paleolithic and Mousterian technologies [Finlayson C, et al. (2006) Nature 443:850-853]. The stratigraphic sequence of Gibraltar sites allows us to compare behaviors and subsistence strategies of Neanderthals during the Middle Paleolithic observed at Vanguard and Gorham's Cave sites. This evidence suggests that such use of marine resources was not a rare behavior and represents focused visits to the coast and estuaries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paleontology, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Stringer
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Finlayson
authors.forename: R N E
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fernández-Jalvo
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cáceres
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Sabin
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Currant
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Vidal
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giles-Pacheco
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Riquelme-Cantal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001519:Behavior; D005399:Fishes; D005502:Food; D005580:Fossils; D005843:Geography; D005876:Gibraltar; D049690:History, Ancient; D015186:Hominidae; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals; D008386:Marine Biology; D008974:Mollusca; D013672:Technology