title: Concurrent infection with ranavirus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, and Aeromonas in a captive anuran colony.
abstract: Four species (Dendrobates auratus, Phyllobates terribilis, Pyxicephalus adspersus, and Rhacophorus dennysi) of captive anurans with a clinical history of lethargy and inappetence were found dead and were submitted for necropsy. Gross lesions included irregular patches of sloughed skin and rare dermal ulcerations. Histologic findings included epidermal proliferation that was most pronounced on the digits and that included intracytoplasmic chytrid organisms. Bacteria were often associated with the epidermal lesions. Intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were observed in hepatocytes. Real-time polymerase chain reaction yielded positive results for both Ranavirus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Bacterial culture of internal organs yielded Aeromonas hydrophila. This is the first report of concurrent infections in anurans by Ranavirus and Bd and A. hydrophila.
authors.affiliation: The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic and Investigational Laboratory, Tifton, Georgia 31793, USA. millerdl@uga.edu
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Sreekumari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajeev
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brookins
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Whittington
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Baldwin
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura / Q000382:microbiology*; D008411:Chytridiomycota / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D017995:Ranavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013045:Species Specificity