title: Multiple evolutionarily conserved enhancers control expression of Eya1.
abstract: Eya1 is a homolog of eyes absent in Drosophila, and essential for various organ formations in vertebrates. Mouse and chick Eya1 shows dynamic expression pattern in early development. We identified ten independent Eya1 enhancers by screening evolutionarily conserved sequences. They exhibited enhancer activities in Hensen's node, neural tube, migrating neural crest cells, otic vesicle, olfactory placode, cranial ganglia, and somites at HH6-17 of chick embryo. The sum of the enhancer activities of the enhancers covers the endogenous expression domains of Eya1 common to chick and mouse. Enhancer activities were also observed in species-specific expression domains such as trigeminal ganglia and brain. Mutational study of one of the enhancers revealed that the enhancer is composed of positive and negative cis-regulatory elements. Thus, we successfully identified a comprehensive group of enhancers around Eya1 locus, which are probably involved in the control of the complex expression pattern of Eya1 in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yajima
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawakami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000502:physiology; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000502:physiology*; D019170:Somites / Q000196:embryology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C104381:EYA1 protein, human; C501156:Eya1 protein, mouse; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases