title: Recurrence of anal adenocarcinoma after local excision and adjuvant chemoradiation therapy: report of a case and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumors arising from the anal canal are rare, comprising 1.5% of all gastrointestinal tumors in the USA. The vast majority of these anal cancers are epidermoid (cloacogenic/basaloid and squamous cell carcinomas), while adenocarcinomas reportedly occur 5% to 19% of the time. Because of its rarity, reports about anal adenocarcinoma are limited to small retrospective studies and case reports. Moreover, no series has directly compared outcomes between patients undergoing the various available treatment options, making it difficult to determine the optimal treatment for this aggressive cancer. Current management of this cancer remains controversial, with some authors believing abdominoperineal resection with permanent colostomy should be considered the standard treatment. Others propose that combined chemoradiation be adopted as a possible treatment in certain patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a case of recurrent anal adenocarcinoma after conservative management with local excision and adjuvant chemoradiation therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA. JiLee116@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Marvin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corman
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D001706:Biopsy; D003082:Colectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents