[A brain-like computer involving emotion and volition].
This paper outlines the concept of "Associative Interacting Intelligence" with regard to a brain-like computer that evolves by learning the relationship between sensory input and behavioral output through active interaction with the real-world environment. We developed the architecture of this intelligent system by using hypotheses based on the established features of brain function. Our central hypotheses are as follows: (1) intellect, emotion, and volition are processed by interactions between parts of the new brain, the old brain, and the body, (2) the heterogeneous hardware architecture of the brain is ontogenically developed, (3) the anatomically modular hardware structure of the brain, (4) reinforcement learning in the brain is motivation-based, and (5) the firing properties of neurons vary. The 2 different levels of our model, which challenges our concepts of the old brain, were proposed using these hypotheses. The spiking neuron model of the basal ganglia circuitry demonstrated the capability of our model to perform probabilistic selections of behavior. In addition, the model also indicated that the selection probability and execution time could be modulated. The parallel modular neural network model for reinforcement learning illustrated the effectiveness of rich internal state representation and internal rewards for achieving a goal in a reduced number of trials. The results of the models showed their potential toward the "Associative Interacting Intelligence", especially regarding efficiency, flexibility, and adaptability. However, many issues, have yet to be addressed and resolved. Our models, which are yet to be tested in detail, must be morphed to a human body in order to demonstrate the ability of these models to reproduce learned abilities. The future success of our study will depend on multidisciplinary collaborations and advances in allied research areas.
Tsujino
Hiroshi
H
Honda Research Institute Japan Co., Ltd., 8-1 Honcho, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0188, Japan.
Shouno
Osamu
O
Takeuchi
Johane
J
D000818:Animals; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D004644:Emotions; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D014836:Volition