title: Pilot proteomic profile of differentially regulated proteins in right atrial appendage before and after cardiac surgery using cardioplegia and cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although highly protective, cardiac surgery using cardioplegia and cardiopulmonary bypass (CP/CPB) subjects myocardium to hypothermic reversible ischemic injury that can impair cardiac function which results in a greatly enhanced risk of mortality. Acute changes in myocardial contractile activity are likely regulated via protein modifications. We performed the following study to determine changes in the protein profile of human myocardium following CP/CPB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Right atrial appendage was collected from 8 male patients pre and post-CP/CPB. Atrial tissue lysates were subjected to 2-dimensional electrophoresis, total protein staining, gel averaging, and quantitative densitometry. Ten prominent spots regulated in response to CP/CPB were identified using mass spectrometry. Two hundred twenty-five and 256 protein spots were reliably detected in 2D-gels from pre- and post-CP/CPB patients, respectively. Five unique (ie, not detected post-CP/CPB) and 17 significantly increased spots were detected pre-CP/CPB. Thirty-four unique and 25 significantly increased spots were detected in the post-CP/CPB group. Identified proteins that changed after CP/CPB included: MLC-2a, ATP-synthase delta chain and Enoyl-CoenzymeA hydratase, glutathione-s-transferase omega, alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein, and phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac surgery results in multiple consistent changes in the human myocardial protein profile. CP/CPB modifies specific cytoskeletal, metabolic, and inflammatory proteins potentially involved in deleterious effects of CP/CPB.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, LMOB 2A, 110 Francis St, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Clements
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smejkal
authors.forename: Neel R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Sodha
authors.forename: Alexander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Asara
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazarev
authors.forename: Shiva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gautam
authors.forename: Venkatachalam
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Senthilnathan
authors.forename: Kamal R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Khabbaz
authors.forename: Cesario
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Frank W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Sellke
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020517:Atrial Appendage / Q000378:metabolism*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D006325:Heart Atria; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins