title: Intermittent oral trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole on two non-consecutive days per week is effective as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis in pediatric patients receiving chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) is a serious complication in patients receiving chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Current recommendations for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) dosing as PCP prophylaxis in immunocompromised patients are based on either daily dosing or dosing three consecutive days per week. We report our experience of prophylaxis with TMP-SMZ twice daily on two non-consecutive days per week in 145 immunocompromised children with hematologic disorders, cancer, or metabolic disorders following chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. There were no breakthrough cases of PCP. We therefore conclude our prophylaxis regimen is effective against PCP in immunocompromised children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohata
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashii
authors.forename: Sadao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tokimasa
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozono
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D016720:Pneumocystis Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011292:Premedication / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination