title: Agricultural waste from the tequila industry as substrate for the production of commercially important enzymes.
abstract: Approximately 1 million tons of Agave tequilana plants are processed annually by the Mexican Tequila industry generating vast amounts of agricultural waste. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of Agave tequilana waste as substrate for the production of commercially important enzymes. Two strains of Aspergillus niger (CH-A-2010 and CH-A-2016), isolated from agave fields, were found to grow and propagate in submerged cultures using Agave tequilana waste as substrate. Isolates showed simultaneous extracellular inulinase, xylanase, pectinase, and cellulase activities. Aspergillus CH-A-2010 showed the highest production of inulinase activity (1.48 U/ml), whereas Aspergillus niger CH-A-2016 produced the highest xylanase (1.52 U/ml) and endo-pectinase (2.7U/ml) activities. In both cases production of enzyme activities was significantly higher on Agave tequilana waste than that observed on lemon peel and specific polymeric carbohydrates. Enzymatic hydrolysis of raw A. tequilana stems and leaves, by enzymes secreted by the isolates yielded maximum concentrations of reducing sugars of 28.2 g/l, and 9.9 g/l respectively. In conclusion, Agave tequilana waste can be utilized as substrate for the production of important biotechnological enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Molecular y Biotecnologia, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Circuito Escolar S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico. huitron@correo.biomedicas.unam.mx
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huitron
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lappe
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rocha Zavaleta
mesh_terms: D027882:Agave / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000383:Agriculture; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007220:Industrial Waste; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011096:Polygalacturonase / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D007220:Industrial Waste; D011134:Polysaccharides; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D014995:Xylosidases; D011096:Polygalacturonase; D002480:Cellulase; C023086:inulinase