title: Direct costs associated with the disease management of patients with unresectable advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in The Netherlands.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Disease management and costs of treatment of patients with unresectable advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in The Netherlands are not well known.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective medical chart review was performed by collecting data from the time of diagnosis until the time of death or the end of the evaluation period. In addition to the demographic data, information was collected on the overall management of the patient. Hospital resource utilisation data collected included number of outpatient specialist visits, number and length of hospitalisation, type and number of diagnostic and laboratory procedures, type and number of radiotherapy cycles and detailed information on chemotherapy. To evaluate the economic impact of second-line treatment, a distinction was made between patients who received only best supportive care (BSC, group A) and those who received chemotherapy as a second-line treatment in addition to BSC (group B). The study was performed from the hospital perspective and reports on 2005 costs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 102 patients, 74 belonged to group A and 28 to group B. Patient management included a multidisciplinary approach, the extent of which depended on symptoms of the disease and presence of metastases. The average total treatment cost per patient per year of unresectable advanced NSCLC in The Netherlands was euro32,840 in group A and euro31,187 in group B. In both groups, hospitalisation was the major cost driver. In group B second-line chemotherapy was the second largest contributor of the costs. In spite of the difference in numbers of treatment lines provided to patients in groups A and B the total average costs per patient per year were comparable. Overall, the management of unresectable advanced NSCLC appeared to conform with current guidelines in The Netherlands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These patients show high medical resource consumption, with hospitalisation being the main cost driver in both groups. As economic arguments are becoming increasingly important in medical decision making on both national and local levels, this information is relevant for both policy makers and specialists. These data can also be used in future research to evaluate the economic impact of new therapies in NSCLC, especially of those that aim to treat patients in an outpatient setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Commercial Affairs, Roche Netherlands BV, Woerden, The Netherlands. marjolein.pompen@roche.com
authors.forename: Marjolein
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pompen
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gok
authors.forename: Annoesjka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Novák
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Wuijtswinkel
authors.forename: Bonne
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Biesma
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schramel
authors.forename: Jos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stigt
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Postmus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate