title: Differential development of learning strategies on a Pictorial Verbal Learning Test (PVLT) in primary-school children.
abstract: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that developmental differences exist in the use of learning strategies in primary school children. Serial and subjective clustering in a multitrial Pictorial Verbal Learning Test (PVLT) were compared in 79 children aged 6-12. Correlation analyses indicated that serial clustering yielded better performance when information was presented on the initial trials of the test. Subjective clustering was superior when information was presented repeatedly, i.e., after three or more trials. Analyses of variance indicated that subjective clustering was used more often in older children with repeated presentations. On the other hand, there was no increase in the use of serial clustering with age and with repeated presentations. The findings imply that training in the use of proper strategies could have benefit for children who use an inefficient learning strategy and/or have a learning problem. In addition, they point to the importance of the factor "age" in relation to the way information is presented to children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychology & Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology & Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands. c.meijs@psychology.unimaas.nl
authors.forename: C J C
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Meijs
authors.forename: P P M
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Hurks
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kalff
authors.forename: D I E
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Slaats-Willemse
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rozendaal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jolles
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001245:Association Learning; D002648:Child; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012016:Reference Values; D012153:Retention, Psychology; D012691:Serial Learning; D014706:Verbal Learning; D014825:Vocabulary