title: Molecular mechanisms of action of imatinib mesylate in human ovarian cancer: a proteomic analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland) is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor with activity against ABL, BCR-ABL, c-KIT, and PDGFR alpha. Several clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of imatinib in patients with ovarian carcinoma who have persistent or recurrent disease following front-line platinum/taxane based chemotherapy. However, there is limited pre-clinical and clinical data on the molecular targets and action of imatinib in ovarian cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human ovarian cancer cells (A2780) were treated with imatinib mesylate for either 6 or 24 h. We employed a 2D (two-dimensional) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach to identify protein expression patterns and signaling pathways that were altered in response to imatinib. Cells were analyzed for PDGFR alpha and AKT expression, which were then correlated with imatinib sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using 2D gel electrophoresis of overlapping pH ranges from pH 4 to 11, about 4,000 protein spots could be analyzed reproducibly. Proteins whose levels changed between twofold to 30 fold were grouped according to whether changes were in the same direction at both time points of treatment with respect to the control, or changed their levels only at one of the time points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differentially regulated proteins following imatinib treatment of A2780 cells involved the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, metabolic pathways, cell cycle, cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell junctions, and signal transduction. Thus, exposure of cells to imatinib produces complex changes in the cell that require further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Basic Science, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111-2497, USA.
authors.forename: Bhavinkumar B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Yin A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xin-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frolov
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vanderveer
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: Russell J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schilder
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Mehren
authors.forename: Andrew K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Godwin
authors.forename: Anthony T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Yeung
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt