title: Palliative surgical bypass for pancreatic and peri-ampullary cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The optimal method of palliation for patients with unresectable pancreatic and peri-ampullary cancer (PAC) is controversial with surgical bypass or endoscopic stenting, each having advantages and disadvantages.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We analysed short term outcomes and survival for all patients undergoing surgical palliative bypass procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients undergoing palliative surgical bypass for unresectable PAC from Aug 1999 to July 2007 were identified from our database. Outcomes analysed were peri-operative morbidity, mortality, and overall survival with comparisons from contemporaneous literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred eight patients (median age 65 (range 36-86) years; male = 61) had palliative surgical bypass procedures for unresectable PAC. Patients underwent combined biliary and gastric bypass (n = 81, 75%), gastric bypass alone (n = 24, 22.2%) or biliary bypass alone (n = 3, 2.8%). Overall mortality was 6.5% and the morbidity was 15.7%. Median hospital stay was 11 (range 4-54) days. Median survival was 6 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.3-7.6) months. No re-explorations for recurrent biliary or gastric obstruction were required. Contemporaneous literature review showed similar results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical bypass performed in a specialist pancreatic center can offer effective palliation for unresectable PAC, with satisfactory outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Barts and the London NHS Trust, Barts and the London HPB Centre, The Royal London Hospital Whitechapel, London, E1 1BB, UK. docsamrat@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Samrat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Hemant M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kocher
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Hutchins
authors.forename: Satyajit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: Ajit T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Abraham
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014670:Ampulla of Vater / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015904:Biliopancreatic Diversion; D003138:Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010166:Palliative Care; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate