FXR: a metabolic regulator and cell protector.
Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. As a metabolic regulator, FXR plays key roles in bile acid, cholesterol, lipid, and glucose metabolism. Therefore, FXR is a potential drug target for a number of metabolic disorders, especially those related to the metabolic syndrome. More recently, our group and others have extended the functions of FXR to more than metabolic regulation, which include anti-bacterial growth in intestine, liver regeneration, and hepatocarcinogenesis. These new findings suggest that FXR has much broader roles than previously thought, and also highlight FXR as a drug target for multiple diseases. This review summarizes the basic information of FXR but focuses on its new functions.
Wang
Yan-Dong
YD
Department of Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
Chen
Wei-Dong
WD
Moore
David D
DD
Huang
Wendong
W
D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008115:Liver Regeneration / Q000235:genetics; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated
D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002784:Cholesterol; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005947:Glucose; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated