title: Electromyographical recording of the electrically elicited stapedius reflex via a bipolar hook electrode.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prove the feasibility of recording stapedius reflexes by bipolar electromyography intra-operatively during cochlea implant via a bipolar hook needle electrode.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults receiving a MED-EL cochlear implant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stapedius reflex responses can be recorded by electromyography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A double hook electrode could be inserted into the muscle tissue via the natural opening of the pyramid process along with the stapedius tendon. In 7 out of 10 patients supplied with MED-EL CIs (PULSARCI100 or SONATATI100), electrically elicited stapedius reflex potentials were recorded after eliminating stimulation artifacts caused by electromagnetic fields during electrical stimulation by low pass filtering.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative stapedius reflex recording by bipolar electromyography via a hook electrode is feasible. Further research will show whether these signals may be used for establishing a self-adjusting speech processor.
authors.affiliation: ENT Department, Medical School, University of Rostock, Austria. hans-wilhelm.pau@med.uni-rostock.de
authors.forename: Hans Wilhelm
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Pau
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zehlicke
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sievert
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schaudel
authors.forename: Detlef
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Behrend
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dahl
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004566:Electrodes; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009339:Needles; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012022:Reflex, Acoustic / Q000502:physiology*; D013198:Stapedius / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult