title: Chronic granulomatous disease as a risk factor for autoimmune disease.
abstract: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is characterized by recurrent infections and granuloma formation. In addition, we have observed a number of diverse autoimmune conditions in our CGD population, suggesting that patients with CGD are at an elevated risk for development of autoimmune disorders. In this report, we describe antiphospholipid syndrome, recurrent pericardial effusion, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, IgA nephropathy, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, and autoimmune pulmonary disease in the setting of CGD. The presence and type of autoimmune disease have important treatment implications for patients with CGD.
authors.affiliation: National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-1456, USA. sderavin@niaid.nih.gov
authors.forename: Suk See
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: De Ravin
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naumann
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Cowen
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Friend
authors.forename: Dianne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hilligoss
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marquesen
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Balow
authors.forename: Karyl S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Barron
authors.forename: Maria L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: John I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Gallin
authors.forename: Harry L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Malech
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006105:Granulomatous Disease, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors