title: Analysis of queries sent to PubMed at the point of care: observation of search behaviour in a medical teaching hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of PubMed to answer daily medical care questions is limited because it is challenging to retrieve a small set of relevant articles and time is restricted. Knowing what aspects of queries are likely to retrieve relevant articles can increase the effectiveness of PubMed searches. The objectives of our study were to identify queries that are likely to retrieve relevant articles by relating PubMed search techniques and tools to the number of articles retrieved and the selection of articles for further reading.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective observational study of queries regarding patient-related problems sent to PubMed by residents and internists in internal medicine working in an Academic Medical Centre. We analyzed queries, search results, query tools (Mesh, Limits, wildcards, operators), selection of abstract and full-text for further reading, using a portal that mimics PubMed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PubMed was used to solve 1121 patient-related problems, resulting in 3205 distinct queries. Abstracts were viewed in 999 (31%) of these queries, and in 126 (39%) of 321 queries using query tools. The average term count per query was 2.5. Abstracts were selected in more than 40% of queries using four or five terms, increasing to 63% if the use of four or five terms yielded 2-161 articles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Queries sent to PubMed by physicians at our hospital during daily medical care contain fewer than three terms. Queries using four to five terms, retrieving less than 161 article titles, are most likely to result in abstract viewing. PubMed search tools are used infrequently by our population and are less effective than the use of four or five terms. Methods to facilitate the formulation of precise queries, using more relevant terms, should be the focus of education and research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. a.hoogendam@AIG.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Arjen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoogendam
authors.forename: Anton F H
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Stalenhoef
authors.forename: Pieter F de Vries
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Robbé
authors.forename: A John P M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Overbeke
mesh_terms: D000043:Abstracting and Indexing; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007388:Internal Medicine; D007396:Internship and Residency; D046650:Medical Subject Headings / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019370:Observation; D010506:Periodicals as Topic; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011446:Prospective Studies; D039781:PubMed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014584:User-Computer Interface