title: Chemical constituents isolated from Polygala japonica leaves and their inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production in vitro.
abstract: A methanolic extract of dried leaves of Polygala japonica Houtt (Polygalaceae) significantly attenuated nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-simulated BV2 microglia. Five anthraquinones chrysophanol (1), emodin (2), aloe-emodin (3), emodin 8-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4) and trihydroxy anthraquinone (5), and four flavonoids kaempferol (6), chrysoeriol (7), kaempferol 3-gentiobioside (8) and isorhamnetin (9) were isolated from the methanolic extract using bioactivity-guided fractionation. Among them, compounds 1-4, 6 and 7 showed significant inhibitory effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in BV2 microglia at the concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 100.0 microM.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Life Science, ElcomScience Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seung Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sin-Duk
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Ki Yong
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Young Choong
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D017628:Microglia; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D031801:Polygala / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D005419:Flavonoids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide