title: Protective effects of ginsenoside Rd on PC12 cells against hydrogen peroxide.
abstract: Oxidative stress-induced cell damage has been implicated in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. In the current study, we investigated the protective role of ginsenoside Rd against the cytotoxicity induced by exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and the underlying mechanism in the PC12 cell line. The protective effects of ginsenoside Rd (1, 10 microM) on H(2)O(2)-induced cytotoxicity may be ascribed to its antioxidative properties by reducing the intracellular reactive oxygen species level; decreasing malondialdehyde production, a common index of lipid peroxidation; and enhancing the antioxidant enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, ginsenoside Rd could stabilize the mitochondrial membrane potential after H(2)O(2) exposure. These findings suggested that ginsenoside Rd may be considered a potential antioxidant agent and should encourage further research in neurodegenerative diseases to explore the potential neuroprotective effects of ginsenoside Rd.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Ruidong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Junliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Xiangwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Lingzhou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhiren
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000187:drug effects; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D016877:Oxidants; D020011:Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C049863:ginsenoside Rd