title: Chromosome 3 intratumor heterogeneity in uveal melanoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the presence of focal or diffuse heterogeneity of monosomy 3 in uveal melanoma, by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Direct interphase FISH in a series of 151 uveal melanomas revealed 82 tumors with loss of chromosome 3. Tumors with monosomy 3 were suspected to be heterogeneous if there were low percentages of monosomy 3, triploid clones, inconsistencies between FISH on centromere 3 and the long arm of chromosome 3, or discrepancies between fine-needle-aspiration biopsies (FNABs) and the main tumor. These tumors (n=16), all choroidal melanomas, were selected and analyzed for intratumor heterogeneity by using FISH on paraffin-embedded tissue sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Different sections of each tumor were evaluated with FISH: 6 tumors showed monosomy 3 in the same percentage throughout the tumor, and 10 showed multiple clones with different percentages of monosomy 3. However, these tumors did not show focal heterogeneity with respect to chromosome 3 status, and differences in monosomy 3 distribution between the base and apex of the tumor could not be identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a small number of uveal melanomas show heterogeneity for chromosome 3, it does not affect survival. In the presence of triploid clones, the loss of chromosome 3 is more difficult to interpret. In general, tumor biopsies in uveal melanoma provide an accurate prediction of the patient's prognosis.
authors.affiliation: The Rotterdam Eye Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hanneke W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Mensink
authors.forename: Jolanda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaarwater
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kiliç
authors.forename: Nicole C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Naus
authors.forename: Neeltje
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mooy
authors.forename: Gre
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luyten
authors.forename: Hennie T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Brüggenwirth
authors.forename: Dion
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paridaens
authors.forename: Annelies
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Klein
mesh_terms: D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002893:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009006:Monosomy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis