title: Using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity to associate arterial stiffness with cardiovascular risks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and conventional cardiovascular risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 192 subjects with low to intermediate risk was enrolled in a cardiovascular evaluation program. A multiple regression model was built to find significant cardiovascular biomarkers for predicting baPWV. A logistic regression model was developed to associate baPWV and other biomarkers with the risk of cardiac diastolic dysfunction. A total of 123 men (mean age: 52.6+/-12.0) and 69 women (mean age: 51.7+/-10.4) was included. Age, blood pressure, C-reactive protein, serum homocysteine, heart rate, and blood urea nitrogen were positively predictive of increased pulse wave velocity. In turn, baPWV increased the risk (odds ratio: 1.257 for each m/s, 95% CI: 1.105 approximately 1.430, p<0.001) and high-density lipoprotein decreased the risk for cardiac diastolic dysfunction (0.962 for each mg/dl, 95% CI: 0.925 approximately 1.000, p=0.05). The correlation between baPWV and Framingham 10-year risk was moderate (men: r=0.306, p=0.002; women r=0.548, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that baPWV is a composite risk factor for early atherosclerotic change and a predictor for the development of diastolic dysfunction and long-term cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Dou-Liou City, Taiwan.
authors.forename: C-S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: J-W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: C-N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: H-M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: R-Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Y-F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: J-J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D006710:Homocysteine; D002097:C-Reactive Protein