title: Induced pluripotent stem cells generated without viral integration.
abstract: Pluripotent stem cells have been generated from mouse and human somatic cells by viral expression of the transcription factors Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. A major limitation of this technology is the use of potentially harmful genome-integrating viruses. We generated mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from fibroblasts and liver cells by using nonintegrating adenoviruses transiently expressing Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc. These adenoviral iPS (adeno-iPS) cells show DNA demethylation characteristic of reprogrammed cells, express endogenous pluripotency genes, form teratomas, and contribute to multiple tissues, including the germ line, in chimeric mice. Our results provide strong evidence that insertional mutagenesis is not required for in vitro reprogramming. Adenoviral reprogramming may provide an improved method for generating and studying patient-specific stem cells and for comparing embryonic stem cells and iPS cells.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Center for Regenerative Medicine, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stadtfeld
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagaya
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Utikal
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hochedlinger
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming; D002678:Chimera; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D016259:Genes, myc; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013724:Teratoma / Q000209:etiology; D019076:Transgenes; D016662:Virus Integration
chemical_list: C000715467:KLF4 protein, human; C000715468:Klf4 protein, mouse; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; C494174:Pou5f1 protein, mouse; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; C527783:Sox2 protein, mouse