title: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 antagonizes renal interstitial fibrosis by promoting catabolism of type I transforming growth factor-beta receptors.
abstract: TGF-beta is a therapeutic target for renal fibrosis. Scientists have long sought ways to antagonize TGF-beta to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily and is highly regulated in the kidney. Thus, the role of BMP-2 was investigated in NRK-49F cells (rat fibroblasts). We showed that TGF-beta1 induces an increase in fibronectin. Treatment with exogenous BMP-2 or pCMV-BMP-2 significantly reversed the TGF-beta1-induced increase in fibronectin concomitant with a significant decrease in type I TGF-beta receptors (TGF-beta RI). Moreover, BMP-2 significantly shortened the half-life of TGF-beta RI. These results are related to proteosomal activation because MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, abolished BMP-2-mediated degradation of TGF-beta RI. This was confirmed because BMP-2 time course dependently enhanced the ubiquitination level of TGF-beta RI. In addition, Smads would seem to be involved in the interaction of BMP-2 and TGF-beta. We demonstrated that BMP-2 significantly reversed the TGF-beta1-induced increase in pSmad2/3 and reversed the TGF-beta1-induced decrease in inhibitory Smad7. Most importantly, Smad7 small interfering RNA abolished the BMP-2-induced decrease in TGF-beta RI. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of BMP-2 using unilateral ureteral obstruction rats. BMP-2 was administered ip for 7 d. In the unilateral ureteral obstruction kidneys, interstitial fibrosis was prominent. However, treatment with BMP-2 dramatically reduced Masson's trichrome staining (collagen) in the interstitial and tubular areas of the kidneys concomitantly with a reduction in TGF-beta RI. These results suggest that BMP-2 acts as a novel fibrosis antagonizing cytokine partly by down-regulating TGF-beta RI and Smads.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan. call0955443221@gmail.com
authors.forename: Yu-Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Shiuan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lea-Yea
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Jinn-Yuh
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Guh
authors.forename: Tao-Chen
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tung-Nan
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Min-Yuan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Tai-An
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Chiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008660:Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D055647:Rats, Transgenic; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; C000625843:Tgfbr1 protein, rat