title: Multiple sclerosis presented as clinically isolated syndrome: the need for early diagnosis and treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To aid in the timely diagnosis of patients who present with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 25 patients (18 women, 7 men), originally presented in our clinic with a CIS suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). All patients underwent the full investigation procedure including routine tests, serology, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examinations, evoked potentials (EPs), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain and cervical spinal cord. Patients were imaged at baseline, and every three months thereafter up to a year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CIS was consisted of optic neuritis in 12 cases, incomplete transverse myelitis (ITM) in 7 cases, Lhermitte sign in 2 cases, internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) in 2 cases, mild brainstem syndrome in 1 case, and tonic-clonic seizures in 1 case. Using the baseline and three-month scans 18/25 (72%) patients developed definite MS in one year of follow up while 7 (28%) had no further findings during this observation period. Immunomodulatory treatments were applied to all definite MS patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In light of new treatments available, MRIs at 3 month intervals are helpful to obtain the definite diagnosis of MS as early as possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine Greece.
authors.forename: Sigliti-Henrietta
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Pelidou
authors.forename: Sotirios
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giannopoulos
authors.forename: Sotiria
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tzavidi
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lagos
authors.forename: Athanassios P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kyritsis