title: Incidence of endophthalmitis related to intravitreal injection of bevacizumab and ranibizumab.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the overall incidence of endophthalmitis associated with office based intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and ranibizumab.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective, consecutive, multicenter case series involving four large clinical sites. Included were all patients receiving at least one injection of intravitreal bevacizumab or intravitreal ranibizumab. Follow-up after each injection was at least 4 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 12,585 injections of intravitreal bevacizumab and 14,320 injections of intravitreal ranibizumab were given during the study period. Infectious endophthalmitis developed in three patients after administration of bevacizumab and in three patients after administration of ranibizumab. Four of these patients were culture positive. Rates of endophthalmitis were 0.02% and 0.02%, respectively, with an overall rate of 0.02%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of endophthalmitis associated with intravitreal bevacizumab and ranibizumab is low, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 4,500 injections.
authors.affiliation: Barnes Retina Institute, St. Louis, Missouri 63144, USA.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Fintak
authors.forename: Gaurav K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Blinder
authors.forename: Carl D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Regillo
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pollack
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Heier
authors.forename: Hussein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hollands
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007267:Injections; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069579:Ranibizumab; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D034361:Streptococcus mitis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D034363:Viridans Streptococci / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000069579:Ranibizumab