title: Scrophularia buergeriana regulates cytokine production in vitro.
abstract: The Scrophularia buergeriana (SB) has long been used to treat various diseases an account of its antimicrobial and anti-virus activity. However, it is unclear how SB regulates the immune responses. This study investigated the effect of SB on the production of cytokines in a human T-cell line, MOLT-4 cells, and mouse peritoneal macrophages. The MOLT-4 cells were cultured for 24 h in the presence or absence of SB plus concanavalin (con) A. SB plus con A significantly increased the level of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma production compared with that of con A alone (approximately 1.79-fold for IL-2, 2-fold for IL-4, and 1.85-fold for IFN-gamma, p < 0.05). SB plus recombinant IFN-gamma (rIFN-gamma) increased the level of IL-12 and NO production compared with rIFN-gamma alone. In addition, SB plus rIFN-gamma increased the level the iNOS expression on mouse peritoneal macrophages. Overall, SB may have an immune-enhancement effect through cytokine production.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan-city, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong-Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Noh-Yil
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Myung
authors.forename: Phil-Dong
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: In-Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyo-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Na-Hyung
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ho-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Dong-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min-cheol
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nyeon-Hyoung
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Il-Kwang
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Joo-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Um
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung-Heon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032266:Scrophularia / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003208:Concanavalin A; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II