title: Neuroimaging and cognitive changes during déjà vu.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The cause or the physiological role of déjà vu (DV) in healthy people is unknown. The pathophysiology of DV-type epileptic aura is also unresolved. Here we describe a 22-year-old woman treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the left internal globus pallidus for hemidystonia. At certain stimulation settings, DBS elicited reproducible episodes of DV.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neuropsychological tests and single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed during DBS-evoked DV and during normal DBS stimulation without DV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SPECT during DBS-evoked DV revealed hyperperfusion of the right (contralateral to the electrode) hippocampus and other limbic structures. Neuropsychological examinations performed during several evoked DV episodes revealed disturbances in nonverbal memory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results confirm the role of mesiotemporal structures in the pathogenesis of DV. We hypothesize that individual neuroanatomy and disturbances in gamma oscillations or in the dopaminergic system played a role in DBS-elicited DV in our patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Pecs, Pecs, Hungary. kovacsnorbert06@gmail.com
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kovacs
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Auer
authors.forename: Istvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Balas
authors.forename: Kazmer
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karadi
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zambo
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwarcz
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klivenyi
authors.forename: Hennric
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jokeit
authors.forename: Krisztina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.forename: Ferenc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Jozsef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janszky
mesh_terms: D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D003690:Deja Vu / Q000523:psychology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime