title: [The time-dependent changes of phospho-JNK expression during the skin incised wound healing in mice].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the changes of phospho-JNK (p-JNK) during the incised wound healing of the skin in mice and to explore the rule of the time-dependent change of p-JNK in wound age determination.
  
  
  METHODS
  The changes of p-JNK expression in incised skin wound were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a minimal baseline staining of p-JNK in control mouse skin. Changes of p-JNK expression were mainly detectable in neutrophils in the wound specimens from 3 hours to 12 hours after injury. Afterwards, the p-JNK positive cells were mostly mononuclear cells and fibroblasts between post-injury day 1 and day 5, whereas the p-JNK positive cells were mostly fibroblasts between post-injury day 7 and day 14. Morphometrically, the ratio of the p-JNK positive cells to the total increased gradually in the wound specimens from 3 hours to day 1, and maximized at day 1 with a slight decrease from post-injury day 3 to day 5. The ratio showed a second peak in the specimens of day 7, and then decreased gradually from post-injury day 10 to day 14. The changes of p-JNK expression were observed throughout the wound healing stages by Western blot as well, with a peak expression occurring between 12 hour and day 3 after injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  p-JNK may play a pivotal role in inducing apoptosis of neutrophils, mononuclear cells, and fibroblasts during skin wound healing and meanwhile, p-JNK may be a potentially useful marker for wound age determination.
authors.affiliation: School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
authors.forename: Chang-yan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Da-wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Ji-long
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tian-shui
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Zi-hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Geng-yi
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Bao-li
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011897:Random Allocation; D012867:Skin / Q000201:enzymology / Q000293:injuries*; D013997:Time Factors; D014945:Wound Healing; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases