title: Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter isolates from commercial poultry suppliers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Campylobacter jejuni isolated from broiler and layer chickens from registered abattoirs in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, were tested for their susceptibility to eight antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using agar dilution, susceptibility to eight antibiotics was determined for C. jejuni recovered from the caeca.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 155 isolates were collected of which 77 were identified as C. jejuni (broilers n = 56 and layers n = 21). Resistance was highest to tetracycline (broilers 98.2% and layers 100%) and ceftriaxone (broilers 96.4% and layers 100%). High susceptibility was found to ciprofloxacin (broilers 91% and layers 76%) and gentamicin (broilers 98% and layers 81%). Susceptibilities to each of the antibiotics for the broilers and layers, respectively, were: 50% and 57% for erythromycin, 45% and 24% for clarithromycin, 68% and 43% for ampicillin and 64% and 48% for nalidixic acid. Statistically significant differences were detected for the MIC(50) of gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline between broilers and layers (P < 0.001) with the MIC(90) of gentamicin also of significant difference (P = 0.01). Multiresistance was detected in 23% and 43% of the isolates from broiler and layer chickens, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mass therapy procedures used in animal husbandry have a potential impact on antibiotic resistance development in C. jejuni.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Resource Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bester
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Essack
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013019:South Africa
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents