title: Comparison of different adult stem cell types for treatment of myocardial ischemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A comparative analysis of the efficacy of different cell candidates for the treatment of heart disease remains to be described. This study is designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of 4 cell types in a murine model of myocardial infarction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bone marrow mononuclear cells (MN), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), skeletal myoblasts (SkMb), and fibroblasts (Fibro) expressing firefly luciferase (Fluc) and green fluorescence protein (GFP) were characterized by flow cytometry, bioluminescence imaging (BLI), and luminometry. Female FVB mice (n=70) underwent LAD ligation and intramyocardially received one cell type (5x10(5)) or PBS. Cell survival was measured by BLI and by TaqMan PCR. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography and invasive hemodynamic measurements. Fluc expression correlated with cell number in all groups (r(2)>0.93). In vivo BLI revealed acute donor cell death of MSC, SkMb, and Fibro within 3 weeks after transplantation. By contrast, cardiac signals were still present after 6 weeks in the MN group, as confirmed by TaqMan PCR (P<0.01). Echocardiography showed significant preservation of fractional shortening in the MN group compared to controls (P<0.05). Measurements of left ventricular end-systolic/diastolic volumes revealed that the least amount of ventricular dilatation occurred in the MN group (P<0.05). Histology confirmed the presence of MN, although there was no evidence of transdifferentiation by donor MN into cardiomyocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to show that compared to MSC, SkMB, and Fibro, MN exhibit a more favorable survival pattern, which translates into a more robust preservation of cardiac function.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5324, USA.
authors.forename: Koen E A
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: van der Bogt
authors.forename: Ahmad Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schrepfer
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hoyt
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Katherine J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ransohoff
authors.forename: Rutger-Jan
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Swijnenburg
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pearl
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fischbein
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Contag
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: Joseph C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002470:Cell Survival; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000637:transplantation; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D049409:Luciferases, Firefly / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D032448:Myoblasts, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D049409:Luciferases, Firefly