title: Photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolaevulinic acid, dimethylsulfoxide and curettage in basal cell carcinoma: a 6-year clinical and histological follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Long-term follow-up data are needed to evaluate treatment effect after photodynamic therapy (PDT).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate long-term clinical, histological and cosmetic follow-up results in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) after PDT, including treatment response related to patients and lesion characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A longitudinal study of 44 patients with 60 histologically verified BCC tumours, treated with one or two sessions of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-supported 5-aminolaevulinic acid--PDT following curettage, was performed. Lesions in complete remission after 3 months were followed with clinical inspection, histological investigation and evaluation of cosmetic outcome at regular intervals; long-term efficacy assessed as verified recurrence within 72 months after PDT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete remission at 3 months was achieved in 55 lesions from 39 patients. Two patients with one lesion each died. At 72 months, 43 of 53 lesions remained disease-free (81%); 68% remained after one treatment session, and 91% remained after two treatment sessions. Recurrence of tumour occurred at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months in 2, 4, 2 and 2 lesions, respectively; clinical investigation identified 97% of them. Male sex and H-mid-face zone were significantly associated with recurrence. The cosmetic outcome at 72 months was rated as good or excellent by patients and investigators in more than 90% of evaluated cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DMSO-PDT following curettage is an effective treatment for BCC, with favourable long-term clinical, histopathological and cosmetic results. Clinical examination of treated lesions appears to be sufficient for long term follow up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, St. Olav's University Hospital HF, Institute of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway. eidi.christensen@stolav.no
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skogvoll
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Viset
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Warloe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundstrøm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D012074:Remission Induction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide