title: Determination of carbamate, phenylurea and phenoxy acid herbicide residues by gas chromatography after potassium tert-butoxide/dimethyl sulphoxide/ethyl iodide derivatization reaction.
abstract: The usefulness of the potassium tert-butoxide/dimethyl sulphoxide/ethyl iodide reaction with carbamate and phenylurea herbicides, and its application to phenoxy acids as a way to prevent hazards and toxicity of the sodium hydride/dimethyl sulphoxide/methyl iodide reaction was studied. Using factorial design optimization of this reaction was carried out. A solid-phase extraction method using dimethyl sulphoxide as eluent on-line with this reaction was developed to determine these herbicides in water samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Relative standard deviation values were lower than 10% for most of the herbicides in multicomponent trace determinations. Detection limits were in the 0.110-0.652 ng L(-1) concentration range. The validity of the method was confirmed by recovery studies from natural water samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Crespo-Corral
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Santos-Delgado
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Polo-Díez
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Soria
mesh_terms: D000440:Butanols / Q000737:chemistry*; D002219:Carbamates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000440:Butanols; D002219:Carbamates; D006540:Herbicides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C077664:tert-butoxide, potassium; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide