title: Concomitant percutaneous nephrolithotomy and transperitoneal laparoscopic pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction complicated by stones.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction and stones can co exist. Therapeutic controversy exists regarding their ideal management. We present our experience of combining Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) with laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP),in patients with UPJ obstruction with multiple secondary, in the same session or staged manner.
  
  
  METHODS
  From November 2006 till April 2008 ten patients underwent PNL with LP at our institution. Two of these patients had recurrent obstruction and stones after PNL and endopyelotomy. All patients had multiple calyceal and pelvic calculi (>10) with sizes ranging from 3 to 24 mm. Mean age of patients was 33 years (17-55). PNL was done in standard manner and was followed by laparoscopic pyeloplasty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete stone clearance could be achieved in all by PNL. Procedure was staged in 2 due to the presence of infected hydronephrosis. 9 patients underwent dismembered pyeloplasty and in 1 Fengerplasty was done. Reduction of baggy pelvis was required in 3 cases. Mean operative time was 3. 9 hours (3-5). Postoperatively the nephrostomy was kept for an average of 2 days (1-3). Drain was removed after an average of 3. 5 days (3-5). Mean hospital stay was 5. 2 days (5-7). None of the patients required blood transfusion. Stent was removed after 4 weeks. At 6 months patients are stone free on ultrasound and show good drainage on renal scan. One year follow-up is available for 5 patients which shows a stone free status and good drainage across UPJ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concomitant PNL and laparoscopic pyeloplasty are feasible and safe for patients with UPJ obstruction complicated by multiple calculi. We did not encounter any intraoperative difficulty during pyeloplasty following PNL.
authors.affiliation: RG Stone Urological Research Institute, New Delhi, India. dranshuman.agarwal@gmail.com
authors.forename: Anshuman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varshney
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Bansal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D012008:Recurrence; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*