Influence of urea, isopropanol, and propylene glycol on rutin in vitro release from cosmetic semisolid systems estimated by factorial design.
Rutin, one of the major flavonoids found in an assortment of plants, was reported to act as a sun protection factor booster with high anti-UVA defense, antioxidant, antiaging, and anticellulite, by improvement of the cutaneous microcirculation. This research work aimed at evaluating the rutin in vitro release from semisolid systems, in vertical diffusion cells, containing urea, isopropanol and propylene glycol, associated or not, according to the factorial design with two levels with center point. Urea (alone and in association with isopropanol and propylene glycol) and isopropanol (alone and in association with propylene glycol) influenced significant and negatively rutin liberation in diverse parameters: flux (microg/cm(2).h); apparent permeability coefficient (cm/h); rutin amount released (microg/cm(2)); and liberation enhancement factor. In accordance with the results, the presence of propylene glycol 5.0% (wt/wt) presented statistically favorable to promote rutin release from this semisolid system with flux = 105.12 +/- 8.59 microg/cm(2).h; apparent permeability coefficient = 7.01 +/- 0.572 cm/h; rutin amount released = 648.80 +/- 53.01 microg/cm(2); and liberation enhancement factor = 1.21 +/- 0.07.
Baby
Andre Rolim
AR
Laboratory of Cosmetology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Haroutiounian-Filho
Carlos Alberto
CA
Sarruf
Fernanda Daud
FD
Pinto
Claudineia Aparecida Sales de Oliveira
CA
Kaneko
Telma Mary
TM
Velasco
Maria Valeria Robles
MV
D019840:2-Propanol / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry*; D004058:Diffusion; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D010539:Permeability; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D012431:Rutin / Q000737:chemistry*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014508:Urea / Q000737:chemistry
D003358:Cosmetics; D005079:Excipients; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D012431:Rutin; D014508:Urea; D019840:2-Propanol