Does team training work? Principles for health care.
Teamwork is integral to a working environment conducive to patient safety and care. Team training is one methodology designed to equip team members with the competencies necessary for optimizing teamwork. There is evidence of team training's effectiveness in highly complex and dynamic work environments, such as aviation and health care. However, most quantitative evaluations of training do not offer any insight into the actual reasons why, how, and when team training is effective. To address this gap in understanding, and to provide guidance for members of the health care community interested in implementing team training programs, this article presents both quantitative results and a specific qualitative review and content analysis of team training implemented in health care. Based on this review, we offer eight evidence-based principles for effective planning, implementation, and evaluation of team training programs specific to health care.
Salas
Eduardo
E
Department of Psychology and the Institute for Simulation and Training, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA. esalas@ist.ucf.edu
DiazGranados
Deborah
D
Weaver
Sallie J
SJ
King
Heidi
H
D003142:Communication; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D007721:Knowledge of Results, Psychological; D007857:Leadership; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D011361:Professional Competence; D013192:Staff Development; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis