title: Vesicular trafficking and secretion of matrix metalloproteinases-2, -9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 in neuronal cells.
abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases that cleave matrix, soluble and membrane-bound proteins and are regulated by their endogenous inhibitors the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs). Nothing is known about MMP/TIMP trafficking and secretion in neuronal cells. We focussed our attention on the gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9, and their inhibitor TIMP-1. MMPs and TIMP-1 fused to GFP were expressed in N2a neuroblastoma and primary neuronal cells to study trafficking and secretion using real time video-microscopy, imaging, electron microscopy and biochemical approaches. We show that MMPs and TIMP-1 are secreted in 160-200 nm vesicles in a Golgi-dependent pathway. These vesicles distribute along microtubules and microfilaments, co-localise differentially with the molecular motors kinesin and myosin Va and undergo both anterograde and retrograde trafficking. MMP-9 retrograde transport involves the dynein/dynactin molecular motor. In hippocampal neurons, MMP-2 and MMP-9 vesicles are preferentially distributed in the somato-dendritic compartment and are found in dendritic spines. Non-transfected hippocampal neurons also demonstrate vesicular secretion of MMP-2 in both its pro- and active forms and gelatinolytic activity localised within dendritic spines. Our results show differential trafficking of MMP and TIMP-1-containing vesicles in neuronal cells and suggest that these vesicles could play a role in neuronal and synaptic plasticity.
authors.affiliation: Neurobiologie des Interactions Cellulaires et Neurophysiopathologie (NICN), UMR 6184 CNRS-Université de la Méditerranée, Faculté de Médecine, IFR Jean Roche, Bd Pierre Dramard, 13916 Marseille Cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Oualid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sbai
authors.forename: Lotfi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferhat
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Yatma
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gueye
authors.forename: Adlane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ould-Yahoui
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thiolloy
authors.forename: Eliane
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Charrat
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Charton
authors.forename: Evelyne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Risso
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Chauvin
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Arsanto
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khrestchatisky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9