title: Recruitment of activation receptors at inhibitory NK cell immune synapses.
abstract: Natural killer (NK) cell activation receptors accumulate by an actin-dependent process at cytotoxic immune synapses where they provide synergistic signals that trigger NK cell effector functions. In contrast, NK cell inhibitory receptors, including members of the MHC class I-specific killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) family, accumulate at inhibitory immune synapses, block actin dynamics, and prevent actin-dependent phosphorylation of activation receptors. Therefore, one would predict inhibition of actin-dependent accumulation of activation receptors when inhibitory receptors are engaged. By confocal imaging of primary human NK cells in contact with target cells expressing physiological ligands of NK cell receptors, we show here that this prediction is incorrect. Target cells included a human cell line and transfected Drosophila insect cells that expressed ligands of NK cell activation receptors in combination with an MHC class I ligand of inhibitory KIR. The two NK cell activation receptors CD2 and 2B4 accumulated and co-localized with KIR at inhibitory immune synapses. In fact, KIR promoted CD2 and 2B4 clustering, as CD2 and 2B4 accumulated more efficiently at inhibitory synapses. In contrast, accumulation of KIR and of activation receptors at inhibitory synapses correlated with reduced density of the integrin LFA-1. These results imply that inhibitory KIR does not prevent CD2 and 2B4 signaling by blocking their accumulation at NK cell immune synapses, but by blocking their ability to signal within inhibitory synapses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schleinitz
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: March
authors.forename: Eric O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D018801:CD2 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002469:Cell Separation; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007107:Immune System; D007313:Insecta; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008954:Models, Biological; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D000071176:Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018801:CD2 Antigens; C084093:CD244 protein, human; D008024:Ligands; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D000071176:Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family