Incidence of bacterial enteropathogens among hospitalized diarrhea patients from Orissa, India.
Bacteriological analysis of 1,551 stool/rectal swabs from all age groups of diarrhea patients of different hospitals of Orissa from January 2004 to December 2006 was carried out using standard procedures. Among all enteropathogens isolated in 886 culture-positive samples, Escherichia coli constituted 75.5%, including 13.2% pathogenic E. coli; Vibrio cholerae O1 constituted 17.3%; V. cholerae O139, 1%; Shigella spp., 4.5% (Shigella flexneri type 6, 2.9%, S. dysenteriae type I, 0.7%, S. sonnei, 0.6%, and S. boydii, 0.3%); Salmonella spp., 0.7%; and Aeromonas spp., only 2.0%. The isolation of bacterial enteropathogens was highest during July, 2005, followed by September, 2006. The prevalence of shigellosis in this region was relatively low. Cholera cases were more frequent during the rainy seasons. The dominance of V. cholerae O1 Inaba over Ogawa serotypes was observed in 2005, whereas this trend was reversed in 2006. The resistance profile of V. cholerae O1 was co-trimoxazole (Co), furazolidone (Fr), and nalidixic acid (Na); for Aeromonas spp., it was ampicillin (A), Fr, ciprofloxacin (Cf), Na, norfloxacin (Nx), and Co. Pathogenic E. coli strains were resistant to A, Fr, Co, streptomycin (S), Cf, Na, Nx, and neomycin (N); Shigella spp. were resistant to Fr, Na, Co, and S; and Salmonella spp. were resistant to A and Fr. Active surveillance should be continued among diarrhea patients to look for different enteropathogens and to define the shifting antibiogram patterns in this region.
Samal
Surya Kanta
SK
Regional Medical Research Centre, Orissa, India.
Khuntia
Hemant Kumar
HK
Nanda
Prafulla Kumar
PK
Satapathy
Chandra Sekhar
CS
Nayak
Sudeep Ranjan
SR
Sarangi
Ashok Kumar
AK
Sahoo
Nilamani
N
Pattnaik
Sanjay Kumar
SK
Chhotray
Guru Prasad
GP
Pal
Bhibhuti Bhusan
BB
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002771:Cholera / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012621:Seasons; D041241:Vibrio cholerae O1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D041242:Vibrio cholerae O139 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents