title: Insulin and free oestradiol are independent risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: The aetiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to test the insulin, oestradiol and metabolic syndrome hypotheses as promoters of BPH. The design was a risk factor analysis of BPH in which the total prostate gland volume was related to endocrine and anthropometric factors. The participants studied were 184 representative men, aged 72-76 years, residing in Göteborg, Sweden. Using a multivariate analysis, BPH as measured by the total prostate gland volume correlated statistically significantly with fasting serum insulin (beta=0.200, P=0.028), free oestradiol (beta=0.233, P=0.008) and lean body mass (beta=0.257, P=0.034). Insulin and free oestradiol appear to be independent risk factors for BPH, confirming both the insulin and the oestradiol hypotheses. Our findings also seem to confirm the metabolic syndrome hypothesis. The metabolic syndrome and its major endocrine aberration, hyperinsulinaemia, are possible primary events in BPH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden. jan.hammarsten@telia.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hammarsten
authors.forename: J-E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Damber
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Knutson
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ljunggren
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohlsson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peeker
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mellström
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D004958:Estradiol