title: Vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein impairs CD1d-mediated antigen presentation through activation of the p38 MAPK pathway.
abstract: Natural killer T (NKT) cells are unique T lymphocytes that recognize CD1d-bound lipid antigens and play an important role in both innate and acquired immune responses against infectious diseases and tumors. We have already shown that a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infection results in the rapid inhibition of murine CD1d-mediated antigen presentation to NKT cells. In the present study, it was found that the VSV matrix (VSV-M) protein is an important element in this decrease in antigen presentation postinfection. The VSV-M protein altered the intracellular distribution of murine CD1d molecules, resulting in qualitative (but not quantitative) changes in cell surface CD1d expression. The M protein was distributed throughout the infected cell, and it was found to activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 very early postinfection. Infection of CD1d(+) cells with a temperature-sensitive VSV-M mutant at the nonpermissive temperature both substantially reversed the inhibition of antigen presentation by CD1d and delayed the activation of p38. Thus, the VSV-M protein plays an important role in permitting the virus to evade important components of the innate immune response by regulating specific MAPK pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Walther Oncology Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202-5181, USA.
authors.forename: Gourapura J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Renukaradhya
authors.forename: Masood A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shaji
authors.forename: Randy R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Brutkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology*; D055610:Antigens, CD1d / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D051379:Mice; D021381:Protein Transport; D018116:Vesiculovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D055610:Antigens, CD1d; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases