title: Randomized trial of preemptive local analgesia in vaginal surgery.
abstract: Preemptive analgesia in vaginal surgery has had conflicting efficacy reported in the existing literature. This study was designed to clarify the usefulness of preemptive local analgesia (PLA) in patients undergoing vaginal hysterectomy. A prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial of PLA in 90 women undergoing vaginal hysterectomy was conducted. PLA consisted of 20 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine injected in a paracervical-type fashion. Total narcotic use and pain (using a visual analog scale (VAS)) was recorded at 30 min, 3, 12, and 24 h postoperatively. The mean total dose of narcotic was significantly less in the PLA group versus the placebo group (P = 0.009) at every time point postoperatively. Additionally, the mean pain VAS 30 min and 3 h postoperatively was 43% (P = 0.003) and 33% (P = 0.02) lower, respectively, in the PLA group. PLA with bupivacaine prior to vaginal hysterectomy is associated with significantly lower pain scores and a reduction in narcotic use postoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA.
authors.forename: Jaime B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Rhonda J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Eiland
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hentz
authors.forename: Pamela A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mergens
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Magtibay
authors.forename: Rosanne M C
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kho
authors.forename: Javier F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Magrina
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cornella
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007045:Hysterectomy, Vaginal / Q000379:methods*; D007267:Injections; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002045:Bupivacaine; D004837:Epinephrine