title: Physiologic deformational loading does not counteract the catabolic effects of interleukin-1 in long-term culture of chondrocyte-seeded agarose constructs.
abstract: An interplay of mechanical and chemical factors is integral to cartilage maintenance and/or degeneration. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is present at elevated concentrations in osteoarthritic joints and initiates the rapid degradation of cartilage when cultured in vitro. Several short-term studies have suggested that applied dynamic deformational loading may have a protective effect against the catabolic actions of IL-1. In the current study, we examine whether the long-term (42 days) application of dynamic deformational loading on chondrocyte-seeded agarose constructs can mitigate these catabolic effects. Three studies were carried out using two IL-1 isoforms (IL-1alpha and IL-1beta) in chemically defined medium supplemented with a broad range of cytokine concentrations and durations. Physiologic loading was unable to counteract the long-term catabolic effects of IL-1 under any of the conditions tested, and in some cases led to further degeneration over unloaded controls.
authors.affiliation: Materials Characterization Laboratory, Cooper Union, 51 Astor Place, New York, NY 10003, USA.
authors.forename: Eric G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Andrea R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Timon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Liming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Gerard A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Ateshian
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Clark T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000276:immunology*; D008660:Metabolism; D012685:Sepharose / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D012685:Sepharose