title: Incidence of bacterial enteropathogens among hospitalized diarrhea patients from Orissa, India.
abstract: Bacteriological analysis of 1,551 stool/rectal swabs from all age groups of diarrhea patients of different hospitals of Orissa from January 2004 to December 2006 was carried out using standard procedures. Among all enteropathogens isolated in 886 culture-positive samples, Escherichia coli constituted 75.5%, including 13.2% pathogenic E. coli; Vibrio cholerae O1 constituted 17.3%; V. cholerae O139, 1%; Shigella spp., 4.5% (Shigella flexneri type 6, 2.9%, S. dysenteriae type I, 0.7%, S. sonnei, 0.6%, and S. boydii, 0.3%); Salmonella spp., 0.7%; and Aeromonas spp., only 2.0%. The isolation of bacterial enteropathogens was highest during July, 2005, followed by September, 2006. The prevalence of shigellosis in this region was relatively low. Cholera cases were more frequent during the rainy seasons. The dominance of V. cholerae O1 Inaba over Ogawa serotypes was observed in 2005, whereas this trend was reversed in 2006. The resistance profile of V. cholerae O1 was co-trimoxazole (Co), furazolidone (Fr), and nalidixic acid (Na); for Aeromonas spp., it was ampicillin (A), Fr, ciprofloxacin (Cf), Na, norfloxacin (Nx), and Co. Pathogenic E. coli strains were resistant to A, Fr, Co, streptomycin (S), Cf, Na, Nx, and neomycin (N); Shigella spp. were resistant to Fr, Na, Co, and S; and Salmonella spp. were resistant to A and Fr. Active surveillance should be continued among diarrhea patients to look for different enteropathogens and to define the shifting antibiogram patterns in this region.
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Research Centre, Orissa, India.
authors.forename: Surya Kanta
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Samal
authors.forename: Hemant Kumar
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Khuntia
authors.forename: Prafulla Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Chandra Sekhar
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Satapathy
authors.forename: Sudeep Ranjan
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: Ashok Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sarangi
authors.forename: Nilamani
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sahoo
authors.forename: Sanjay Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Pattnaik
authors.forename: Guru Prasad
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chhotray
authors.forename: Bhibhuti Bhusan
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Pal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002771:Cholera / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012621:Seasons; D041241:Vibrio cholerae O1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D041242:Vibrio cholerae O139 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents