title: Improving the efficiency of insemination with sex-sorted spermatozoa.
abstract: The sorting of X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa by flow cytometry is nowadays one of the most apt assisted-reproduction technologies in livestock production. Potential economic and biological benefits, as well as those related to easier management of herds, have been reported arising out of the application of this technique, especially in cattle. Yet, the sex-sorting procedure induces damage to spermatozoa, affecting their function and fertilizing ability. Different species present varying degrees of susceptibility to damage from the sorting process and each has its own requirements for sex-sorted insemination procedures. Thus, several new protocols and strategies have been designed for the handling of sorted spermatozoa, with the main objective of optimizing their fertilizing ability and the consequent application of flow-cytometric sex-sorting technology. This article reviews current advances in this technology, pointing out the components to be improved before this technology may be widely applied in different domestic species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. vazquez@um.es
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Parrilla
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuello
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roca
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D012743:Sex Preselection / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004247:DNA