title: Correlation between migraine subtypes and depression.
abstract: This study has evaluated depression in patients with episodic migraine (n=98), chronic migraine without medication overuse (n=23), and chronic migraine with medication overuse (n=57). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms in these three groups. The mean BDI score obtained in all patients was higher than that observed in asymptomatic subjects (episodic migraine=16.09+/-11.79, chronic migraine with medication overuse=18.91+/-12.53, chronic migraine without medication overuse=19.83+/-14.79). This finding corroborates previous studies suggesting a co-morbid association between migraine and depression. Depression did not seem to be crucial in the transformation of migraine as the median BDI scores did not differ significantly between patients with episodic and chronic migraine. The median BDI scores of the patients with chronic migraine with medication overuse and that patients with chronic migraine without medication overuse were similar as well. Therefore, medication overuse behavior may not be related with depression.
authors.affiliation: Headache Clinic, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde de Vitória, Vitória, ES, Brazil. renan-domingues@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Renan Barros
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: Esther Angélica Coelho
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Ariovaldo da
authors.initials: Ad
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Simone Aires
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: Juliana Cardoso
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Rodrigo Santiago
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: Antônio Lúcio
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics