title: [Ocular disturbances in neuromuscular disorders].
abstract: Compared with other skeletal muscles, extraocular muscles have fundamentally distinct properties that make them selectively vulnerable to certain neuromuscular disorders. When the oculomotor signs are predominant, their temporal progression allows the clinician to make the distinction between a muscular disease (mitochondrial disorder, oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy...) and a disorder of the neuromuscular junction (myasthenia gravis, botulism...). In other instances, such as myotonic dystrophy or facioscapulohumeral dystrophy, the ocular signs are not in the forefront but must be recognized by the ophthalmologist as hallmarks of a muscular disorder. In all cases, the collaboration between the neurologist and the ophthalmologist is fruitful.
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence maladies neuromusculaires de Nantes-Angers, département de neurologie, centre hospitalier universitaire d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France. ispenisson-besnier@chu-angers.fr
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pénisson-Besnier
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lamirel
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000209:etiology; D001906:Botulism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D049970:Graves Ophthalmopathy / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007625:Kearns-Sayre Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017240:Mitochondrial Myopathies / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009886:Ophthalmoplegia / Q000209:etiology*