Abrasions and lameness in piglets born in different farrowing systems with different types of floor.
BACKGROUND
The quality of the floor is essential to the welfare of piglets as abrasions often are recorded in newborn piglets, and such lesions may lead to lameness. Apart from animal suffering, lameness contributes to losses in form of dead piglets, decreased growth, and increased use of antibiotics and manual labour.


METHODS
In a herd with three different farrowing systems, 37 litters (390 piglets) were studied until the age of 3 weeks with respect to presence of skin wounds and abrasions. Lameness was registered until the age of 7 weeks. Eight lame piglets were sacrificed before medical treatment and subjected to necropsy including histopathological and microbiological examinations. Isolates of streptococci, staphylococci and E. coli were tested with respect to antimicrobial resistance. Mastitis was observed in ten sows.


RESULTS
The most severe abrasions at carpus and soles were seen in the system with a new solid concrete floor with a slatted floor over the dunging area. The lowest magnitude was observed in the deep litter system with peat. Sole bruising was more common in the systems with concrete floor compared to the deep litter system with peat, and the differce in prevalence was significant at all examination days. The lesions decreased with time and about 75% of the treatments for lameness were performed during the first three weeks of life. The overall prevalence of lameness was highest in the system with new solid concrete floor with a slatted floor over the dunging area (9.4%) followed by the old solid concrete floor (7.5%). A lower (p < 0.05) prevalence was seen in the deep litters system with peat (3.3%). No significant relationship between mastitis and abrasions or lameness in the offspring was observed.


CONCLUSIONS
There were large differences in the prevalence of abrasions and lameness between the floor types. The deep litter system with peat provided a soft and good floor for piglets. The overall prevalence of lameness was only diagnosed in every fourth litter in that system compared to in every second litter in the systems with concrete floor. In contrast, the incidence of mastitis in the sows during the first week after farrowing was higher than in the systems with concrete floor.
Zoric
Mate
M
National Veterinary Institute, SVA, 751 89 Uppsala, Sweden. Mate.Zoric@sva.se
Nilsson
Ebba
E
Mattsson
Sigbrit
S
Lundeheim
Nils
N
Wallgren
Per
P
D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006799:Housing, Animal; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000209:etiology*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000209:etiology*