title: Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and other abnormalities of glucose tolerance in young adults aged 20-40 years in North India (Kashmir Valley).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other abnormalities of glucose tolerance in young-adult (20-40 years) men and non-pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prevalence of diagnosed T2DM, undiagnosed T2DM and other abnormalities of glucose tolerance studied in 3032 subjects from Kashmir Valley of India. The study included a questionnaire, anthropological measurements, blood sampling, and a standard OGTT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight (0.3%) of surveyed subjects were previously diagnosed to have diabetes. Of 3024 subjects screened, prevalence of diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and impaired fasting glycemia [IFG, World Health Organization, Definition, Diagnosis, and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus and its Complications. Part 1. Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus, World Health Organization, Geneva, 1999], IFG [American Diabetes Association, Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus, Diabetes Care 27 (Suppl. 1) (2004) S5-S10] was 2.5%, 2.0%, 11.9% and 26.7%, respectively. Overall, age-adjusted prevalence of T2DM (known plus unknown), IGT, IFG (WHO) and IFG (ADA) was 2.4% (95% CI: 1.9-3.0), 1.6% (95% CI: 1.3-2.2), 11.1% (95% CI: 10.0-12.3), and 25.2% (95% CI: 23.7-26.8), respectively. The difference in diabetes prevalence was significant by age, habitat, family history of diabetes and BMI. The ratio of known-to-unknown diabetes was 1:10.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first large scale study from North India on prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the younger age group of 20-40 years. Abnormal glucose tolerance including undiagnosed T2DM is common in young adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir, India. zargarah123@gmail.com
authors.forename: Abdul Hamid
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Zargar
authors.forename: Abdul Ahad
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.forename: Bashir Ahmad
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Laway
authors.forename: Shariq Rashid
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Masoodi
authors.forename: Arshad Iqbal
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.forename: Mir Iftikhar
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Bashir
authors.forename: Farooq Ahmad
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Dar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence