title: [Postoperative application of amphotericin B nasal spray in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Can recidive polyposis be prevented?].
abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis affects 1-4% of the adult population. The aetiology of this multifactorial, chronic disease, which leads to a significant impairment of the quality of life, often accompanied by nasal polyposis, is not fully understood. In the past decade it was presumed that the disease, which causes characteristic eosinophilic infiltration of the nasal mucosa, is triggered by an enhanced (but not classical allergic IgE type) immune response.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  If this supposition is correct, then it appears obvious that the administration of amphotericin B nasal spray in adequate concentration following endoscopic polypectomy should be advantageous for these patients, and might even reduce the number of recurrent cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  To check on this assumption, the authors conducted a prospective randomized placebo-controlled trial involving 33 patients, 30 of whom remained in the study throughout. Patients with nasal polyposis were operated on with an endoscopic technique between 1 November 2005 and 1 October 2006; one group of them (group A, 14 randomly selected patients) was treated with a nasal spray containing 5 mg/ml amphotericin B, while the placebo group (group B, 16 randomly selected patients) received a nasal spray lacking amphotericin B. The results were evaluated with the aid of a modified Lund-Mackay CT score, the SNAQ-11 test (which evaluates changes in the symptoms), the life-quality test and endoscopy. The SPSS 14.0 for Windows program was utilized to process the data of examinations performed preoperatively and one year postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CT scores of the group A patients exhibited wide scattering without signs of recovery one year after the operation. The CT scores of the group B patients indicated a slight improvement, though this did not prove significant in relation to group A. Both the SNAQ-11 test and the life-quality test revealed a significant improvement in each group, but the degrees of change in these tests did not significantly differ between the two groups of patients. The endoscopic findings indicated a slight improvement to the advantage of the amphotericin B-treated group 12 months after the operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results lead to the conclusion that the administration of amphotericin B nasal spray to patients operated on for nasal polyposis does not give rise to a significant alteration in CT scores, clinical symptoms, or quality of life. The more favourable clinical aspects observed in the amphotericin B-treated group during the endoscopic follow-up did not correspond to an improvement in the symptoms. In connection with the conclusions drawn from this study the authors discuss the available data on the fungal theory. They critically analyse the contradictory observations of 7 recent clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Orvos- és Egészségtudományi Koordinációs Központ, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar Fül-Orr-Gégészeti és Fej-Nyak Sebészeti Klinika, Pécs, Munkácsy utca 2. 7621. i.gerlinger@freemail.hu
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gerlinger
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fittler
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patzkó
authors.forename: Fruzsina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fónay
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pytel
authors.forename: Lajos
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Botz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000336:Aerosols; D000368:Aged; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B