title: Effects of different kinds of fluorides on enolase and ATPase activity of a fluoride-sensitive and fluoride-resistant Streptococcus mutans strain.
abstract: Enolase and ATPase are sensitive to fluoride. It is unclear whether this sensitivity differs for F-sensitive and F-resistant cells or for different types of fluoride. Permeabilized cells of the fluoride-sensitive strain Streptococcus mutans C180-2 and its fluoride-resistant mutant strain C180-2 FR were preincubated at pH 7 or 4 with NaF, the amine fluorides Olaflur and Dectaflur and amine chloride controls. After preincubations, enolase and ATPase activities of the cells were assessed. Enolase activity was more inhibited after preincubation at pH 7 with NaF than with Olaflur. Amine chloride stimulated, although not with statistical significance, the enolase activity of both strains. After preincubation at pH 4 the enolases were strongly inactivated, but the fluoride-resistant strain's enolase to a lesser extent. The results suggested that amine acts to protect enolase activity against the detrimental low pH effect. Gene sequencing showed that the enolase genes of the fluoride-resistant and fluoride-sensitive strain were identical. ATPase activity was not reduced after NaF preincubation at either pH 7 or pH 4. The amine fluorides and their chloride controls in the preincubation mixture reduced the ATPase activity significantly at both pH values. In conclusion, our results showed that preincubation with amine fluoride did not inhibit enolase activity more effectively than NaF. The amine part of the molecule may protect enolase activity against preincubations at low pH. ATPase activity was not inhibited by NaF preincubation but was significantly inhibited after preincubation with amine fluorides and amine chlorides.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Endodontology, Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. c.van.loveren@acta.nl
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Loveren
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hoogenkamp
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: ten Cate
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000187:drug effects*; D000588:Amines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D003959:Diamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005459:Fluorides / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002712:Chlorides; D003959:Diamines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C495399:Olaflur; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D005459:Fluorides; C008703:oleylamine