title: Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the aqueous extract of Acacia karroo stem bark in experimental animals.
abstract: The aqueous extract of the stem bark of Acacia karroo Hayne was investigated for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in animal models. The extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg reduced significantly the formation of oedema induced by carrageenan and histamine. In the acetic acid-induced writhing model, the extract showed a good analgesic effect characterized by a significant reduction in the number of writhes with two doses (100 and 200 mg/kg) used when compared to the untreated control group. In the tail immersion test, the extract at the doses used (100 and 200 mg/kg) increased reaction time to pain after 30 min. of oral administration of the extract. Indomethacin at 10 mg/kg served as reference drug in all these tests. The results gave a scientific basis to the traditional uses of Acacia karroo mainly for wound poultices, eye treatments and cold remedies.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
authors.forename: Adeolu A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adedapo
authors.forename: Margaret O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Sofidiya
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Masika
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Afolayan
mesh_terms: D000045:Acacia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010147:Pain Measurement; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D007213:Indomethacin