Cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily in axonal regeneration and neural repair.
Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) play important roles in cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in both mature and developing nervous system. During development, they are involved in cell migration, axon guidance, target recognition, and synapse formation; while in the mature nervous system, they maintain synaptic connections, cell-cell contacts, and neuron-glial interactions. Injuries to the nervous systems break the stable state of the tissues and the repair of damaged tissues and regeneration of axons require the participation of CAMs both as adhesion molecules and as signal transduction molecules. One group of the well-studied CAMs in the nervous system is the immunoglobulin superfamily including L1 and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). This review will be focussed on the involvement of L1, NCAM, and polysialylated NCAM in neural repair and axon regeneration after nerve injury and their potential applications in the treatment of CNS injury.
Zhang
Yi
Y
Neuroscience Centre, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, 4 Newark Street, Whitechapel, London E1 2AT, UK. yi.zhang@qmul.ac.uk
Yeh
John
J
Richardson
Peter M
PM
Bo
Xuenong
X
D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism*; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D020439:Growth Cones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
D007136:Immunoglobulins; D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules