title: Spinel LiMn2O4 nanorods as lithium ion battery cathodes.
abstract: Spinel LiMn2O4 is a low-cost, environmentally friendly, and highly abundant material for Li-ion battery cathodes. Here, we report the hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystalline beta-MnO2 nanorods and their chemical conversion into free-standing single-crystalline LiMn2O4 nanorods using a simple solid-state reaction. The LiMn2O4 nanorods have an average diameter of 130 nm and length of 1.2 microm. Galvanostatic battery testing showed that LiMn2O4 nanorods have a high charge storage capacity at high power rates compared with commercially available powders. More than 85% of the initial charge storage capacity was maintained for over 100 cycles. The structural transformation studies showed that the Li ions intercalated into the cubic phase of the LiMn2O4 with a small change of lattice parameter, followed by the coexistence of two nearly identical cubic phases in the potential range of 3.5 to 4.3 V.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Do Kyung
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muralidharan
authors.forename: Hyun-Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruffo
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Candace K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Hailin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Huggins
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry; D008094:Lithium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D007477:Ions; D010087:Oxides; C488552:lithium manganese oxide; D008345:Manganese; D008094:Lithium