title: Whitening activity of luteolin related to the inhibition of cAMP pathway in alpha-MSH-stimulated B16 melanoma cells.
abstract: To examine the possibility of luteolin as a whitening agent, we measured antioxidant activity using DPPH assay, NBT/XO assay and intracellular ROS scavengning assay and depigmenting activity using tyrosinase assay, alpha-MSH-induced melanin production in B-16 cells. Luteolin showed dose-dependent anti-oxidant activity in DPPH, NBT/XO and intracellular ROS assay. Also, luteolin directly inhibited xanthine oxidase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Although luteolin did not directly inhibit tyrosinase activity, it dose-dependently inhibited both tyrosinase activity and melanin production in B16 melanoma cells stimulated by 1 microM alpha-MSH. Luteolin dose-dependently inhibited cAMP levels in B16 melanoma cells stimulated by 1 microM alpha-MSH and 1 microM forskolin, which suggest that luteolin directly inhibits adenyl cyclase in B16 melanoma cells. Therefore, these results suggest that whitening activity of luteolin may be due to the inhibition of adenyl cyclase involved in the signal pathway of alpha-MSH in B16 melanoma cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Ho Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hyun Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Sang Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sim
mesh_terms: D001104:Arbutin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D047311:Luteolin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008543:Melanins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000521:alpha-MSH / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008543:Melanins; D010851:Picrates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D005576:Colforsin; D000521:alpha-MSH; D001104:Arbutin; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D047311:Luteolin