title: Gender differences in treatment outcomes among patients with non-small cell lung cancer given a combination of carboplatin and paclitaxel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It was the aim of this study to investigate gender differences in the outcomes of carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy in patients with unresectable stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Gender, age, performance status, histology, hematological toxicity, tumor responses and survival parameters obtained retrospectively by medical chart review were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 227 patients (147 males and 80 females) were included. The median lowest leukocyte count was 2,900 (range 1,200-12,400)/microl in males and 2,200 (range 600-6,500)/microl in females (p < 0.001). Grade 3-4 leukopenia was noted in 15% of male and in 39% of female patients (p < 0.001). In both genders, the response rate in evaluable patients was 39%. The median progression-free survival was 4.4 months for men and 5.3 months for women (p = 0.0081). After progression of the disease, gefitinib was administered in 64 (44%) male and 45 (56%) female patients, with a median treatment of 35 and 144 days, respectively. The median survival time was 11.9 months for men and 22.2 months for women (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female gender was associated with a favorable prognosis in patients with NSCLC who received carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy, although the response rates did not differ between the genders. Of note, hematological toxicity was more severe in female patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Internal Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Harukaze
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sekine
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nokihara
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kunitoh
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohe
authors.forename: Tomohide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel