title: [Stereotactic biopsy versus spectroscopy in cases of gliomas with a high degree of malignancy. A review of the literature].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-grade malignant gliomas have a high mortality. Stereotactic biopsy is the gold standard technique to obtain diagnostic information about this kind of tumours but it can be dangerous. New technologies as the magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are an alternative option.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We suggest the possibility of replacing stereotactic biopsy for new imaging technologies in patients with high-grade malignant gliomas and a very limited life expectancy due to tumoral irresectability, among other factors. We systematically analyze the literature checking the diagnostic accuracy and complications of stereotactic biopsy as well as of new technologies like the MRS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The average morbidity of stereotactic biopsy is 3.2% and the average mortality is 0.83%. The percentage of cases with a diagnosis (diagnostic yield) is 96%, but accuracy of that diagnosis is 79%. As regards MRS, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for identifying high-grade gliomas are 89.8, 88.2, 95.3 and 79.7%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stereotactic biopsy presents a quite high morbi-mortality with a real accuracy diagnostic of 75.8% after considering the diagnostic yield. With regard to MRS, there are very few studies about accuracy diagnostic but, however; there are many about sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV, being these last values very high. In spite of that, we cannot conclude that stereotactic biopsy can be substituted for the MRS because there are not enough studies to support this conclusion.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurocirugía, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. gonzalez_luibon@gva.es
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Bonet
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009423:Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques