Tolerance of 42 bread wheat genotypes to drought stress after anthesis.
The present research characterized yield and yield components of 42 wheat genotypes after terminal drought stress. The experiment was in twice replicated simple rectangular lattice design, conducted at irrigated and terminal stress conditions during 2006-2007. These study genotypes had significant differences for grain yield at level of 1%. Genotypes 4057, Viking/5/Gds/4.., Sabalan and 5041 respectively with 6.313, 6.159, 5.793 and 5.774 t ha(-1) had the highest yield and Gascogen has the lowest yield with 2.561 t ha(-1). Mean of total grain yield for under study genotypes was 5.628 t ha(-1) in non-stress and 3.305 t ha(-1) in drought stress conditions. Drought stress decreased amount of grain yield 2.323 t ha(-1) that was noticeable. Interaction of Genotype x environmental conditions was significant at probability level of 1% for grain yield. Yield of all genotypes in drought condition was lower than non-stress condition. Genotypes Viking/5/Gds/4/Anza/3/Pi.., Sabalan, 4061,4057 and 4041 had more yield in non-stress condition and MV17/Zrn, Sabalan, Saysonz and 4032 in stress condition. Stress intensity pay attention to total grain yield was 42%. Genotypes Viking/5/Gds/4/.. and Sabalan had high grain yield and was better than other genotypes and controls (Toos and Crosse Shahi), according to GMP, STI and MSTI. And had the most amount of stress tolerance index as compared with other genotypes confirms this subject. Correlation of yield with other traits was not significant in non-stress condition. In drought condition, correlation of grain yield with 1000 grain weight and total number of tillers per plant was positively significant. ANOVA showed significant differences between osmotic pressures for coleoptile length, between genotypes for mean and maximum coleoptile length and between interactions of genotypes x osmotic pressures for mean and maximum coleoptile length. Mean comparisons showed the highest total, mean and maximum coleoptile length in -7 bar PEG+I ml L(-1) potassium humate treatments. Genotypes Sardari and Sabalan had the highest amounts of total, mean and maximum coleoptile length. With due attention to interaction genotype x osmotic pressures, genotypes Sardari, Sabalan and 4057 in -7 bar PEG+1 ml L(-1) potassium humate had the most amounts of noted characters than others. In conditions of this experiment, potassium humate caused increase in tolerance rate of genotypes against drought stress.
Shahryari
Reza
R
Islamic Azad University, Ardabil Branch, Iran.
Gurbanov
Elshad
E
Gadimov
Aladdin
A
Hassanpanah
Davoud
D
D001939:Bread; D018556:Crops, Agricultural; D003681:Dehydration; D005838:Genotype; D018525:Germination; D011897:Random Allocation; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology