title: Silencing of choline acetyltransferase expression by lentivirus-mediated RNA interference in cultured cells and in the adult rodent brain.
abstract: RNA interference (RNAi) is a potent mechanism for local silencing of gene expression and can be used to study loss-of-function phenotypes in mammalian cells. We used RNAi to knockdown specifically the expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the enzyme of acetylcholine biosynthesis, both in cultured cells and in the adult brain. We first identified a 19-nucleotide sequence in the coding region of rat and mouse ChAT transcripts that constitutes a target for potent silencing of ChAT expression by RNAi. We generated a lentiviral vector that produces both a small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting ChAT mRNAs and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter protein to facilitate identification of transduced cells. In the cholinergic cell line NG108-15, there was at least 90% less of the ChAT protein, as measured by assaying its enzymatic activity, 3 days postinfection with this vector than in cells infected with a control vector. The vector was used to transduce cholinergic neurons in vivo and reduced ChAT expression strongly and specifically in the cholinergic neurons of the medial septum in adult rats, without affecting the expression of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter. This lentiviral vector is thus a powerful tool for specific inactivation of cholinergic neurotransmission and can therefore be used to study the role of cholinergic nuclei in the brain. This lentiviral-mediated RNAi approach will also allow the development of new animal models of diseases in which cholinergic neurotransmission is specifically altered.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7091, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santamaria
authors.forename: Olfa
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khalfallah
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sauty
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brunet
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sibieude
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mallet
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berrard
authors.forename: Marie-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lecomte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014161:Transduction, Genetic / Q000379:methods*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase