title: Distinct patterns of electrical stimulation of the basolateral amygdala influence pentylenetetrazole seizure outcome.
abstract: Our working hypothesis is that constant interpulse interval (IPI) electrical stimulation would resonate with endogenous epileptogenic reverberating circuits, inducing seizures, whereas a random interinterval electrical stimulation protocol would promote desynchronization of such neural networks, producing an anticonvulsant effect. Male Wistar rats were stereotaxically implanted with a bipolar electrical stimulation electrode in the amygdala. Pentylenetetrazole (10mg/ml/min) was continuously infused through an intravenous catheter to induce seizures while four different patterns of temporally coded electrical stimulation were applied: periodic stimulation (PS), pseudo-randomized IPI stimulation (LH), restrictively randomized IPI stimulation (IH), and bursts of 20-ms IPIs (burst). PS decreased the pentylenetetrazole threshold to forelimb clonus, whereas IH increased the threshold to forelimb clonus and to generalized tonic-clonic seizures. We hypothesize that PS facilitates forelimb clonus by reverberating with epileptogenic circuits in the limbic system, whereas IH delays forelimb clonus and generalized tonic-clonic seizures by desynchronizing the epileptic neural networks in the forebrain-midbrain-hindbrain circuits.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Internacional de Neurociências de Natal Edmond e Lily Safra, Natal-RN, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vinícius Rosa
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Cota
authors.forename: Daniel de Castro
authors.initials: Dde C
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: Maura Regina Silva da Páscoa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Vilela
authors.forename: Maria Carolina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Doretto
authors.forename: Márcio Flávio Dutra
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Moraes
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D003292:Convulsants; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D003292:Convulsants; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole