The IL-33/ST2 pathway: therapeutic target and novel biomarker.
For many years, the interleukin-1 receptor family member ST2 was an orphan receptor that was studied in the context of inflammatory and autoimmune disease. However, in 2005, a new cytokine--interleukin-33 (IL-33)--was identified as a functional ligand for ST2. IL-33/ST2 signalling is involved in T-cell mediated immune responses, but more recently, an unanticipated role in cardiovascular disease has been demonstrated. IL-33/ST2 not only represents a promising cardiovascular biomarker but also a novel mechanism of intramyocardial fibroblast-cardiomyocyte communication that may prove to be a therapeutic target for the prevention of heart failure.
Kakkar
Rahul
R
GRB-804, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachussetts 02114, USA. rkakkar@partners.org
Lee
Richard T
RT
D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
D015415:Biomarkers; C079241:IL1RL1 protein, human; C506536:IL33 protein, human; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface