title: The discriminative stimulus effects of dopamine D2- and D3-preferring agonists in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous research has found the stimulus effects of dopamine D2- and D3-preferring agonists difficult to distinguish in drug discrimination studies. Antagonism studies suggest that the stimulus effects of both types of agonists may be mediated primarily through D2 receptors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study was designed to further assess the receptors mediating the stimulus effects of these agonists and to attempt to train rats to discriminate directly between D2- and D3-preferring dopamine agonists.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four groups of eight rats were trained to discriminate either 0.1 mg/kg of the D3-preferring agonist pramipexole from saline, 1.0 mg/kg of the D2-preferring agonist sumanirole from saline, 0.1 mg/kg pramipexole from either saline or 1.0 mg/kg sumanirole, or 1.0 mg/kg sumanirole from either saline or 0.1 mg/kg pramipexole.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three of eight rats in the 0.1 mg/kg pramipexole vs. 1.0 mg/kg sumanirole or saline failed to meet the training criteria, and the discrimination in this group was tenuous. The D2-preferring antagonist L-741,626 at 1.0 mg/kg was more effective at shifting to the right the pramipexole dose-response curve in pramipexole-trained rats, while 32 mg/kg of the selective D3 antagonist PG01037 had little effect. Quinpirole and 7-OH-DPAT fully or partially substituted for both pramipexole and sumanirole in each group tested, while cocaine did not substitute in any group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antagonist data along with the pattern of training and substitution data suggested that D2 receptor activation is primarily responsible for the stimulus effects of both sumanirole and pramipexole with D3 receptor activation playing little or no role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 1301 MSRB III, 1150 W Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. mickyk@umich.edu
authors.forename: Mikhail N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Koffarnus
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Greedy
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Husbands
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grundt
authors.forename: Amy Hauck
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D003042:Cocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D000077487:Pramipexole; D019257:Quinpirole / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000819:agonists*; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3 / Q000819:agonists*; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D019257:Quinpirole; C108539:U 95666E; D000077487:Pramipexole; D003042:Cocaine; C031349:7-hydroxy-2-N,N-dipropylaminotetralin