title: Cryptosporidium species and subtypes and clinical manifestations in children, Peru.
abstract: To determine whether clinical manifestations are associated with genotypes or subtypes of Cryptosporidium spp., we studied a 4-year longitudinal birth cohort of 533 children in Peru. A total of 156 infection episodes were found in 109 children. Data from first infections showed that C. hominis was associated with diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, general malaise, and increased oocyst shedding intensity and duration. In contrast, C. parvum, C. meleagridis, C. canis, and C. felis were associated with diarrhea only. C. hominis subtype families were identified (Ia, Ib, Id, and Ie); all were associated with diarrhea. Ib was also associated with nausea, vomiting, and general malaise. All C. parvum specimens belonged to subtype family IIc. Analysis of risk factors did not show associations with specific Cryptosporidium spp. genotypes or subtypes. These findings strongly suggest that Cryptosporidium spp. and subtypes are linked to different clinical manifestations in children.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
authors.forename: Vitaliano A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Cama
authors.forename: Caryn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bern
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Sterling
authors.forename: Ynes
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gilman
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors