title: Topiramate and vitamin e modulate antioxidant enzyme activities, nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation levels in pentylenetetrazol-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that generation of free radicals is increased following pentylenetetrazol kindling, due to increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations. Topiramate, a voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitor, has an evident effect in the treatment of childhood epilepsy; however, topiramate may cause nephrotoxicity. We investigated the effects of topiramate and vitamin E administration on pentylenetetrazol-induced nephrotoxicity in rats by evaluation of lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase values. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five equal groups. Group 1 was used as control and group II received a single dose of pentylenetetrazol. Fifty and 100 mg/kg topiramate daily were intragastrically administered to rats in groups III and IV for 7 days, respectively. Intragastric 100 mg topiramate (daily for 7 days) and intraperitoneal vitamin E (150 mg/kg, daily for 3 days) combination were given to animals in group V before a single-dose pentylenetetrazol administration. Serum and kidney samples were taken after 3 hr of pentylenetetrazol administration. Pentylenetetrazol resulted in a significant increase in nitric oxide levels of serum and kidney, and lipid peroxidation levels of kidney although superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the kidney was reduced by pentylenetetrazol administration. The lipid peroxidation levels in serum and kidneys and the nitric oxide levels in kidneys of groups III, IV and V were decreased by topiramate although the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the kidneys were increased. Lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide levels were reduced by the topiramate and vitamin E combination compared to only topiramate. Glutathione peroxidase activity was not affect by pentylenetetrazol, topiramate and vitamin E administrations. In conclusion, topiramate and vitamin E have protective effects on pentylenetetrazol-induced nephrotoxicity by inhibition of free radicals and by support of the antioxidant redox system.
authors.affiliation: Deaprtment of Urology, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparata, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Armagan
authors.forename: Süleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kutluhan
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Nigar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bülbül
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vural
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soyupek
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naziroglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D000077236:Topiramate; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000975:Antioxidants; D000077236:Topiramate; D014810:Vitamin E; D005632:Fructose; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole