Impact of perforator mapping using multidetector-row computed tomographic angiography on free thoracodorsal artery perforator flap transfer.
BACKGROUND
The preoperative localization of thoracodorsal artery perforators has been a challenge because of their topographic variation.


METHODS
From November of 2005 to January of 2007, 25 patients underwent free thoracodorsal artery perforator flap transfer for reconstruction of the lower extremities (22 flaps) and the head and neck (three flaps). All of the patients underwent multidetector-row computed tomographic angiography for preoperative perforator mapping. The computed tomographic findings were compared with the acoustic Doppler flowmetric and intraoperative findings. Surgical outcomes were compared with those of a historical group of patients treated before the adoption of computed tomography-based perforator mapping.


RESULTS
The flap sizes ranged from 3 x 5 cm to 27 x 13 cm. One to four perforators (mean, 2.2) were marked on the three-dimensional computed tomographic image for each patient and the locations correlated with the handheld Doppler examination. Intraoperatively, all perforators marked were confirmed, and three additional perforators that had not been identified on the computed tomographic images were observed. All of the flaps survived, with the exception of two cases with marginal necrosis. Concrete planning based on knowledge of the precise location of the perforators allowed a shorter harvest time, minimized the incision for flap harvest, particularly with small flaps, and enabled the planned use of multiple perforators for better perfusion or complex designs.


CONCLUSIONS
Perforator mapping with preoperative multidetector-row computed tomographic angiography is valuable for both planning and executing thoracodorsal artery perforator flap transfer. The targeted perforator flap harvesting allows a safe and straightforward harvest and an elegant reconstruction, with less donor-site morbidity.
Mun
Goo-Hyun
GH
Seoul, South Korea From the Department of Plastic Surgery and the Department of Radiology and Imaging Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine.
Kim
Hyung-Joon
HJ
Cha
Myung-Kyu
MK
Kim
Wan-Yuk
WY
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D013895:Thoracic Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed