Comparison of different adult stem cell types for treatment of myocardial ischemia.
BACKGROUND
A comparative analysis of the efficacy of different cell candidates for the treatment of heart disease remains to be described. This study is designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of 4 cell types in a murine model of myocardial infarction.


RESULTS
Bone marrow mononuclear cells (MN), mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), skeletal myoblasts (SkMb), and fibroblasts (Fibro) expressing firefly luciferase (Fluc) and green fluorescence protein (GFP) were characterized by flow cytometry, bioluminescence imaging (BLI), and luminometry. Female FVB mice (n=70) underwent LAD ligation and intramyocardially received one cell type (5x10(5)) or PBS. Cell survival was measured by BLI and by TaqMan PCR. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography and invasive hemodynamic measurements. Fluc expression correlated with cell number in all groups (r(2)>0.93). In vivo BLI revealed acute donor cell death of MSC, SkMb, and Fibro within 3 weeks after transplantation. By contrast, cardiac signals were still present after 6 weeks in the MN group, as confirmed by TaqMan PCR (P<0.01). Echocardiography showed significant preservation of fractional shortening in the MN group compared to controls (P<0.05). Measurements of left ventricular end-systolic/diastolic volumes revealed that the least amount of ventricular dilatation occurred in the MN group (P<0.05). Histology confirmed the presence of MN, although there was no evidence of transdifferentiation by donor MN into cardiomyocytes.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to show that compared to MSC, SkMB, and Fibro, MN exhibit a more favorable survival pattern, which translates into a more robust preservation of cardiac function.
van der Bogt
Koen E A
KE
Laboratory of Cardiothoracic Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5324, USA.
Sheikh
Ahmad Y
AY
Schrepfer
Sonja
S
Hoyt
Grant
G
Cao
Feng
F
Ransohoff
Katherine J
KJ
Swijnenburg
Rutger-Jan
RJ
Pearl
Jeremy
J
Lee
Andrew
A
Fischbein
Michael
M
Contag
Christopher H
CH
Robbins
Robert C
RC
Wu
Joseph C
JC
D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002470:Cell Survival; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000637:transplantation; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D049409:Luciferases, Firefly / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D032448:Myoblasts, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D049409:Luciferases, Firefly