title: Estimating the market for tuberculosis drugs in industrialized and developing nations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The successful introduction of new drugs into low- and middle-income countries requires an understanding of the existing market size and market dynamics for the therapeutic area of interest. The drug markets in these countries are, however, less well understood than those in high-income countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  The global market for tuberculosis (TB) drugs was estimated by studying in detail six high-burden countries and four high-income countries, followed by extrapolation. Data were derived from existing pharmaceutical audit databases and interviews with government officials, medical staff and suppliers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of qualitative inputs to inform the collection of quantitative information, notably to identify where the major flows of TB drugs are located, allowed a confident estimate of the global market for first-line TB drugs. Final ranges were US$261-316 million or US$310-418 million, depending on whether case notification rates or incidence were used for extrapolations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An estimation of the global TB drug market is made more reliable by a qualitative understanding of TB drug distribution pathways, which differ greatly among countries. The understanding of this structure in key high-burden countries provides the basis for a simpler update of the market estimate in the future.
authors.affiliation: Global Alliance for TB Drug Development, New York, New York 10005, USA.
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Schwalbe
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Geaneotes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Forcellina
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dicola
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Ignatius
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raafat
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019049:Developed Countries; D003906:Developing Countries; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000191:economics*; D004363:Drug Utilization; D006801:Humans; D008389:Marketing of Health Services; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents