title: Cerebrospinal fluid-optimized two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) facilitates the differential diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
abstract: So far only the detection of 14-3-3 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is included in the diagnostic criteria for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). However, this assay cannot be used for screening because of the high rate of false positive results in sCJD, and often negative results in variant CJD. To facilitate the differential diagnosis of CJD, we applied 2-D differential gel-electrophoresis (2-D DIGE) as a quantitative proteomic screening system for CSF proteins. We compared 36 patients suffering from sCJD with 30 patients suffering from other neurodegenerative diseases. Sample preparation was optimized in consideration of the fact that CSF is composed of blood- and brain-derived proteins, and an improved 2-D DIGE protocol was established. Using this method in combination with protein identification by MALDI-TOF-MS, several known surrogate markers of sCJD like 14-3-3 protein, neuron-specific enolase, and lactate dehydrogenase were readily identified. Moreover, a not yet identified protein with an approximate molecular mass of 85 kDa was found as marker for sCJD with high diagnostic specificity and sensitivity. We conclude that our proteomic approach is useful to differentiate CJD from other neurodegenerative diseases and expect that CSF-optimized 2-D DIGE will find broad application in the search for other brain derived proteins in CSF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurodegeneration and Restorative Research, Center of Neurological Medicine, University of Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brechlin
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jahn
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steinacker
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cepek
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kratzin
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jesse
authors.forename: Brit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mollenhauer
authors.forename: Hans A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kretzschmar
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiltfang
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otto
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D018260:Gelsolin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D006801:Humans; D020961:Lewy Body Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D011228:Prealbumin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014168:Transferrin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D018260:Gelsolin; D011228:Prealbumin; D014168:Transferrin; D016875:tau Proteins