title: Biodegradable quantum dot nanocomposites enable live cell labeling and imaging of cytoplasmic targets.
abstract: Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) offer great promise as the new generation of fluorescent probes to image and study biological processes. Despite their superior optical properties, QDs for live cell monitoring and tracking of cytoplasmic processes remain limited due to inefficient delivery methods available, altered state or function of cells during the delivery process and the requirement of surface-functionalized QDs for specific labeling of subcellular structures. Here, we present a noninvasive method to image subcellular structures in live cells using bioconjugated QD nanocomposites. By incorporating antibody-coated QDs within biodegradable polymeric nanospheres, we have designed a bioresponsive delivery system that undergoes endolysosomal to cytosolic translocation via pH-dependent reversal of nanocomposite surface charge polarity. Upon entering the cytosol, the polymer nanospheres undergo hydrolysis thus releasing the QD bioconjugates. This approach facilitates multiplexed labeling of subcellular structures inside live cells without the requirement of cell fixation or membrane permeabilization. As compared to conventional intracellular delivery techniques, this approach allows the high throughput cytoplasmic delivery of QDs with minimal toxicity to the cell. More importantly, this development demonstrates an important rational strategy for the design of a multifunctional nanosystem for biological applications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada.
authors.forename: Betty Y S
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oreopoulos
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Rutka
authors.forename: Warren C W
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D045663:Quantum Dots
chemical_list: D015335:Molecular Probes