title: Generalized arteriosclerosis and changes of the cochlea in young adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To disclose the histopathologic findings of the cochlea in young adults with generalized arteriosclerosis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  It is well known that arteriosclerosis begins and progresses during childhood. Although the relationship between arteriosclerosis and auditory function in elderly people was examined in many reports, the histopathologic effect of arteriosclerosis on the cochlea in young adults has not been studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved quantitative analysis, including the number of spiral ganglion cells, the loss of cochlear outer hair cells, and the areas of stria vascularis and spiral ligament. It included 10 temporal bones from 6 subjects with generalized arteriosclerosis and 10 age-matched normal control temporal bones from 7 subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean number of spiral ganglion cells in the cochlea with generalized arteriosclerosis was significantly lower than that in normal controls in the basal turn. The mean loss of outer hair cells in the cochlea with generalized arteriosclerosis was significantly greater than that of normal controls in the basal and apical turns. The stria vascularis and spiral ligament were severely atrophic, with generalized arteriosclerosis in the basal turn. There was no significant difference in the thickness of the spiral modiolar artery between generalized arteriosclerosis and normal controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Degeneration of the cochlea, especially in the basal turn, was already apparent in young adults with generalized arteriosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Otitis Media Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nomiya
authors.forename: Shigenobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nomiya
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kariya
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Sebahattin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cureoglu
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Schachern
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishizaki
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Paparella
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000473:pathology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D003051:Cochlea / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D015834:Cochlear Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D013136:Spiral Ganglion / Q000473:pathology; D055493:Spiral Ligament of Cochlea / Q000473:pathology; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000473:pathology