[Endothelial mitochondria--a novel target for pharmacology of endothelial dysfunction].
Vascular endothelium the inside layer of the cardiovascular system is presently looked upon as an important paracrine, autocrine and endocrine organ that determines the health of the cardiovascular system. In fact, healthy endothelium is essential for homeostasis of cardiovascular system, while endothelial dyfunction leads to cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes and heart failure. Endothelial dysfunction is tightly linked to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species, development of oxidant stress and inflammatory response of endothelium. Mitochondria of the vascular endothelium seem to be an important player in these processes. In contrast to numerous cell types, synthesis of ATP in endothelium occurs in major part via a glycolytic pathway and endothelium seem to be relatively independent of the mitochondrial pathway of energy supply. However, as evident from recent studies, mitochondrial pathways of free radicals production tighly linked to mitochondrial and cytosol changes in the ion homeostasis play an important role in the regulation of endothelial inflammatory response, in the development of oxidative stress and apoptosis of vascular endothelium. Therefore, endothelial mitochondria appears critical in the regulation of endothelial functions and represent a novel target in pharmacology of endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases.
Wrzosek
Antoni
A
Pracownia Wewnatrzkomórkowych Kanałów Jonowych, Instytut Biologii Doświadczalnej PAN im. M. Nenckiego, Warszawa.
Łojek
Agnieszka
A
Stanisławska
Iwona
I
Chmura-Skirlińska
Antonina
A
Dołowy
Krzysztof
K
Chłopicki
Stefan
S
Szewczyk
Adam
A
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate