title: Effects of treatment on soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor type 1 and 2 in chronic periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We reported that soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor type 2 (sTNFR2)/type 1 (sTNFR1) ratios in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) decreased as the severity of chronic periodontitis (CP) increased. This study investigated the effects of the periodontal treatment on TNF-alpha, sTNFR1 and R2 in GCF and serum of CP patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five serum and 90 GCF samples were obtained from 35 CP patients (23 non-smokers and 12 smokers) at baseline and after treatment. The levels of TNF-alpha, sTNFR1 and R2 in serum and GCF were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were found in the serum levels of TNF-alpha, sTNFR1 and R2 and the ratio of sTNFR2/R1 between baseline and after treatment. After treatment, sTNFR1 and R2 levels in GCF of non-smokers and smokers were significantly decreased compared with baseline. However, the sTNFR2/R1 ratio was significantly increased (non-smoker: 0.56+/-0.03-0.84+/-0.03, p<0.0001; smoker: 0.59+/-0.06-0.85+/-0.04, p=0.0019). There were no significant differences between non-smoking and smoking CP groups in serum and GCF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ratio of sTNFR2/R1 in GCF significantly increased after treatment, and could be related to the clinical state of CP.
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuyo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ikezawa-Suzuki
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Yasutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hiromasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshie
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D012534:Dental Scaling; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D012907:Smoking; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha