title: Efficacy and safety of lisinopril for mild childhood IgA nephropathy: a pilot study.
abstract: Even in children with mild immunoglobulin (Ig)A nephropathy (IgA-N) showing minimal/focal mesangial proliferation, persistent proteinuria seems to be a risk factor for progression of the disease, indicating the need for an effective and safe treatment even in such cases. Studies carried out to date have indicated that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) reduce urinary protein excretion and preserve renal function in adult IgA-N. However, no prospective study of ACEI only for childhood IgA-N has yet been carried out. In this prospective single-arm pilot trial, we administered lisinopril (0.4 mg/kg per day) as therapeutic treatment to 40 children with mild IgA-N with proteinuria [morning urinary protein/creatinine ratio (uP/Cr) >or= 0.2 g/g]. Thirty-three patients reached the primary endpoint (uP/Cr < 0.2) during the 2-year treatment period. The cumulative disappearance rate of proteinuria determined by the Kaplan-Meier method was 80.9%. Mean uP excretion was reduced from 0.40 to 0.18 g/m(2)/day (p < 0.0001). Of the 40 patients treated, five (12.5%) showed dizziness, and four of these five needed the lisinopril dose reduced. However, lisinopril therapy was continued in all patients during the 2-year treatment period. No other side effect, such as cough, was observed. We conclude that the efficacy and safety of lisinopril is seemingly acceptable for the treatment of children with mild IgA-N.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan. knakanis@wakayama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Kazumoto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikura
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hataya
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Awazu
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sako
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Norishige
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004244:Dizziness / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D017706:Lisinopril / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D017706:Lisinopril