title: Sildenafil inhibits human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation by decreasing capacitative Ca2+ entry.
abstract: Ca(2+) is a pivotal signal in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation. Capacitative Ca(2+) entry (CCE) via the store-operated channel (SOC), which encoded by the transient receptor potential (TRP) gene, is an important mechanism for regulating intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in PASMCs. Sildenafil, a potent type 5 nucleotide-dependent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, has been proposed as a therapeutic tool to treat or prevent pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); however, the mechanism of its antiproliferative effect on PASMCs remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the possible antiproliferative mechanism of sildenafil on human PASMCs, namely, its effect on the Ca(2+)-signal pathway. Cultured normal PASMCs were treated with endothelin-1 (ET-1) or ET-1 plus sildenafil separately. Cell number and viability were determined with a hemocytometer or MTT assay. [Ca(2+)](i) was measured by loading PASMCs with fura 2-AM. Expression of the TRPC1 gene and protein was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The results show that sildenafil dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of PASMCs, the enhancement of basal [Ca(2+)](i) level, increase of CCE, and upregulation of TRPC expression induced by ET-1. These results suggest that sildenafil potently inhibits ET-1-induced PASMCs proliferation and downregulation of CCE and TRPC expression may be responsible for its antiproliferative effect.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Cong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yuexiu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Luping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050052:TRPC Cation Channels / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D050052:TRPC Cation Channels; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C096351:transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 1; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D002118:Calcium