title: Increased expressions of cannabinoid receptor-1 and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 in human prostate carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recently, functional cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1) and vanilloid receptor-1 (TRPV1) have been described in human prostate and prostate cancer-derived cell lines where the activation of the receptors resulted in inhibition of cellular growth. We, however, lack the description of the expression of these molecules in human prostate cancer (PCC) and in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Therefore, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and quantitative "real-time Q-PCR were performed to define the expressions of CB1 and TRPV1 in healthy and diseased prostate tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CB1 was identified in epithelial and smooth muscle cells types of the human prostate, whereas TRPV1 was exclusively localized to the mucosal cells. We also found that the expression of CB1 and TRPV1 (both at the protein and mRNA levels) were significantly up-regulated in PCC. However, while the increased expression of TRPV1 showed a proper correlation with increasing PCC tumor grades, such phenomenon was not observed with CB1. In addition, we also measured markedly elevated CB1 levels in BPH tissues whilst the expression of TRPV1 was not altered when compared to healthy control prostate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings strongly argue for that (1) the CB1 and TRPV1 molecules as well as their ligands may indeed possess a promising future role in the treatment of PCC; (2) TRPV1 may also serve as a prognostic factor in PCC; and (3) CB1 may act as a potential target molecule in the therapeutic management of BPH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical and Health Science Center, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Czifra
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nyeste
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marincsák
authors.forename: Balázs I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Tóth
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kovács
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kovács
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bíró
mesh_terms: D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000235:genetics*; D012016:Reference Values; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C494482:TRPV1 protein, human