title: Regulatory subunits of PKA define an axis of cellular proliferation/differentiation in ovarian cancer cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The regulatory subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) exists in two isoforms, RI and RII, which distinguish the PKA isozymes, type I (PKA-I) and type II (PKA-II). Evidence obtained from a variety of different experimental approaches has shown that the relative levels of type I and type II PKA in cells can play a major role in determining the balance between cell growth and differentiation. In order to characterize the effect of PKA type I and type II regulatory subunits on gene transcription at a global level, the PKA regulatory subunit genes for RIalpha and RIIbeta were stably transfected into cells of the ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  RIalpha transfected cells exhibit hyper-proliferative growth and RIIbeta transfected cells revert to a relatively quiescent state. Profiling by microarray revealed equally profound changes in gene expression between RIalpha, RIIbeta, and parental OVCAR cells. Genes specifically up-regulated in RIalpha cells were highly enriched for pathways involved in cell growth while genes up-regulated in RIIbeta cells were enriched for pathways involved in differentiation. A large group of genes (~3600) was regulated along an axis of proliferation/differentiation between RIalpha, parental, and RIIbeta cells. RIalpha/wt and RIIbeta/wt gene regulation was shown by two separate and distinct gene set analytical methods to be strongly cross-correlated with a generic model of cellular differentiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overexpression of PKA regulatory subunits in an ovarian cancer cell line dramatically influences the cell phenotype. The proliferation phenotype is strongly correlated with recently identified clinical biomarkers predictive of poor prognosis in ovarian cancer suggesting a possible pivotal role for PKA regulation in disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Cellular Biochemistry Section, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, USA. ccheadl1@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheadle
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nesterova
authors.forename: Tonya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: Kathleen C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Antony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Kevin G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Yoon S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cho-Chung