title: Post-consumer use efficacies of preservatives in personal care and topical drug products: relationship to preservative category.
abstract: Ninety-six used personal care and topical OTC drug items collected from consumers in the USA were examined for the presence of microbial contaminants. Of the eye and face product type containing global preservative chemistries (i.e., acceptable for use in Japan without major restrictions), 55% yielded numbers of microorganisms in excess of 500 CFU/g (P < 0.1814). For the mascara products with global preservative chemistries, 79% yielded numbers of microorganisms in excess of 500 CFU/g (P < 0.024). Products containing global preservative chemistries accounted for 88% (n = 14) of the products that had microbial contents above 10(4) CFU/g (P < 0.001). Prominent contaminants were species of Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and yeast. In general, under the stress of consumer use, products preserved with global preservative chemistries did not maintain as adequate preservation as products with non-global preservatives.
authors.affiliation: Constella Group, An SRA International Company, 3 Corporate Boulevard, Suite 600, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. tim_ravita@sra.com
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Ravita
authors.forename: Ralph S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tanner
authors.forename: Donald G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Ahearn
authors.forename: Erin L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Arms
authors.forename: Patrick W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Crockett
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry; D004340:Drug Contamination; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006795:Household Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs / Q000737:chemistry; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D011310:Preservatives, Pharmaceutical