title: Antineoplastic 31-norcycloartanones from Solanum cernuum vell.
abstract: Triterpenoids with 31-norcycloartanone structure were isolated for the first time from the Solanum genus. Cycloeucalenone and 24-oxo-31-norcycloartanone were the main constituents of the dichloromethane extract of Solanum cernuum Vell. leaves [7% (w/w) and 1.47% (w/w)]. Both triterpenoids were tested against human tumour cell lines, and 24-oxo-31-norcycloartanone was significantly active and selective against the lung tumour cell line NCI-H460 with total growth inhibition at 1.10 microg/mL, growth inhibition 50 at 0.19 microg/mL and lethal concentration 50 at 8.43 microg/mL, while cycloeucalenone showed poor activity. A homologous series of alkanes (C25-C34), beta-sitosterol, and the xanthophyll lutein were also identified. The antiulcer activity was assayed for the dichloromethane extract. In the gastric ulcer model induced by 95% ethanol, administration of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/po dichloromethane extract gave ulcer lesion indices of, respectively, 38.2, 61.0 and 81.9%, while carbenoxolone inhibited 88.9% at 200 mg/kg. In the gastric ulcer model induced by indomethacin the dichloromethane extract showed a small percentage of lesion inhibition. The ethanol extract was also analyzed and was mainly composed of glycoalkaloids, peptides and disaccharides.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, Rodovia do Açúcar Km 156, 13400-911 Taquaral, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rogério
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grando
authors.forename: Marcia A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Antônio
authors.forename: Carlos E P
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: João E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lourenço
authors.forename: Luciane C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014315:Triterpenes; C472599:cycloeucalenone