Fewer infections and lower infection-related mortality following non-myeloablative versus myeloablative conditioning for allotransplantation of patients with lymphoma.
Non-myeloablative (NMA) allogeneic donor SCT for patients with relapsed lymphoma is associated with lower treatment-related mortality (TRM). However, the impact of conditioning intensity on post transplant infections remains unclear. We evaluated infections in 141 consecutive patients with lymphoma who were allografted using NMA (n=76) or myeloablative (MA; n=65) conditioning regimens. Using infection incidence density per 1000 patient days, we accounted for all infectious episodes during the first post transplant year. Before neutrophil engraftment, the NMA cohort had a 53% lower rate of bacterial infection (relative risk=0.47; P=0.06), whereas after engraftment the density of bacterial infections was similar in the two groups. In the first month, both invasive fungal infections and viral infections were twofold less frequent (P=0.22; P=0.06) in NMA patients. Late viral and fungal infections as well as CMV reactivation were infrequent after either conditioning intensity. The 1-year infection-related mortality was significantly lower after NMA conditioning (NMA 9% (3-16%) vs MA 22% (11-40%); P=0.03). NMA allogeneic transplantation for lymphoma patients results in substantially fewer early infections and lower infection-related deaths, although the similar frequency of later infections suggests that immune reconstitution is delayed with either conditioning intensity.
Bachanova
V
V
Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. bach0173@umn.edu
Brunstein
C G
CG
Burns
L J
LJ
Miller
J S
JS
Luo
X
X
Defor
T
T
Young
J-A H
JA
Weisdorf
D J
DJ
Tomblyn
M
M
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*