title: Effects of early treatment with zofenopril in patients with myocardial infarction and metabolic syndrome: the SMILE Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the early administration of zofenopril in a group of patients with and without metabolic syndrome (MS+ and MS-) and anterior myocardial infarction enrolled in the Survival of Myocardial Infarction Long-Term Evaluation (SMILE) Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized double-blind to zofenopril (n=719) or placebo (n=699) for 6 weeks. The primary end point was the effect of treatment on the 6-week combined occurrence of death and severe congestive heart failure. The secondary end point was the 1-year mortality rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1418 patients included in this post-hoc analysis, 686 (48.3%) had MS. After 6 weeks of treatment zofenopril significantly reduced the incidence of all-cause death and severe congestive failure (risk reduction: 69%, 95% CI: 7-78; 2p=0.002) in MS+ patients. This was the case for 1-year mortality, too (29%, 95% CI: 4-41; 2p=0.048). Zofenopril was effective also in MS- patients but the amount of relative risk reduction was less than in MS+ for both the primary (-11%; 2p=0.61) and secondary endpoint (-19%; 2p=0.025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this post-hoc analysis of the SMILE Study demonstrate the striking benefit of early administration of zofenopril in MS+ patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bologna Bologna, Italy. claudio.borghi@unibo.it
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borghi
authors.forename: Arrigo F G
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Cicero
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ambrosioni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002216:Captopril / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; C044958:zofenopril; D002216:Captopril