title: The cell signaling adaptor protein EPS-8 is essential for C. elegans epidermal elongation and interacts with the ankyrin repeat protein VAB-19.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The epidermal cells of the C. elegans embryo undergo coordinated cell shape changes that result in the morphogenetic process of elongation. The cytoskeletal ankyrin repeat protein VAB-19 is required for cell shape changes and localizes to cell-matrix attachment structures. The molecular functions of VAB-19 in this process are obscure, as no previous interactors for VAB-19 have been described.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In screens for VAB-19 binding proteins we identified the signaling adaptor EPS-8. Within C. elegans epidermal cells, EPS-8 and VAB-19 colocalize at cell-matrix attachment structures. The central domain of EPS-8 is necessary and sufficient for its interaction with VAB-19. eps-8 null mutants, like vab-19 mutants, are defective in epidermal elongation and in epidermal-muscle attachment. The eps-8 locus encodes two isoforms, EPS-8A and EPS-8B, that appear to act redundantly in epidermal elongation. The function of EPS-8 in epidermal development involves its N-terminal PTB and central domains, and is independent of its C-terminal SH3 and actin-binding domains. VAB-19 appears to act earlier in the biogenesis of attachment structures and may recruit EPS-8 to these structures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EPS-8 and VAB-19 define a novel pathway acting at cell-matrix attachments to regulate epithelial cell shape. This is the first report of a role for EPS-8 proteins in cell-matrix attachments. The existence of EPS-8B-like isoforms in Drosophila suggests this function of EPS-8 proteins could be conserved among other organisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Ryan S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Emily C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hardin
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Chisholm
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000254:growth & development*; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000254:growth & development*; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C495310:EPS-8 protein, C elegans; C480839:VAB-19 protein, C elegans