title: Vibration therapy reduces plasma IL6 and muscle soreness after downhill running.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, the effects of vibration therapy (VT) on delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and associated inflammatory markers after downhill running were determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  29 male recreational runners (33 (8) years; V(O2)peak 57 (6) ml kg(-1) min(-1)) completed a 40-min downhill run and were randomly allocated to a VT group or Control group. For 5 days post-run, the VT group underwent once-daily sessions of VT on the upper and lower legs. DOMS was assessed pre-run and for 5 days post-run by visual analogue scale. Immune cell subsets and plasma inflammatory markers were assessed pre-run, post-run, 24 and 120 h post-run by full differential cell count, and by ELISA and enzyme immunoassay, respectively. Data were analysed as per cent change from pre-run (ANOVA) and the magnitude of the treatment effect (Cohen's effect size statistics).
  
  
  RESULTS
  VT significantly reduced calf pain 96 h post-run (-50% (40%), 90% confidence limits) and gluteal pain 96 h (-50% (40%)) and 120 h post-run (-30% (30%)); decreased interleukin 6 (IL6) 24 h (-46% (31%)) and 120 h post-run (-65% (30%)); substantially decreased histamine 24 h (-40% (50%)) and 120 h post-run (-37% (48%)); substantially increased neutrophils (8.6% (8.1%)) and significantly decreased lymphocytes (-17% (12%)) 24 h post-run. There were no clear substantial effects of VT on other leukocyte subsets and inflammatory markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VT reduces muscle soreness and IL6. It may stimulate lymphocyte and neutrophil responses and may be a useful modality in treating muscle inflammation.
authors.affiliation: School of Human Movement, Recreation and Performance, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia. suzanne.broadbent@vu.edu.au
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Broadbent
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Thorp
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Choate
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rowlands
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010146:Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D014732:Vibration / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003402:Creatine Kinase