title: Challenges in the development of an HIV-1 vaccine.
abstract: The development of a safe and effective human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 vaccine is a critically important global health priority. Despite recent advances in our understanding of HIV-1 pathogenesis and immunology, however, major scientific obstacles remain. Prototype HIV-1 vaccine candidates aimed at eliciting humoral and cellular immune responses have so far failed to protect against HIV-1 infection or to reduce viral loads after infection in clinical efficacy studies. A renewed and coordinated commitment to basic discovery research, preclinical studies and clinical trials will therefore be required to overcome the hurdles currently facing the field. Here I review key challenges and future prospects in the quest to develop a prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. dbarouch@bidmc.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Dan H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Barouch
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines