title: The relationship between health-related quality of life and social networks among Japanese family caregivers for people with disabilities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine HRQOL depending on whether the participants have family members with disabilities or not. In addition, we examined the relationship between HRQOL and social networks among family caregivers in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study has a cross-sectional design. Survey forms were distributed to 9205 people aged 30 and older who visited a dispensing pharmacy within fifteen areas of Japan. We collected data on gender, age, job status, and care giving status for persons with disabilities. Moreover, we assessed support size, social support, and HRQOL. Out of the 2029 questionnaires returned, 1763 (male: 663, female: 1100, mean age = 63.06 +/- 13.34) were valid for statistical analyses (the available response rate was 19.15%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant difference in HRQOL was identified between family caregivers and non-family caregivers. Further, in males (N = 101), the results confirmed that only social support predicted the PCS and MCS scores, while other variables did not predict either score. On the other hand, in females (N = 144), it was found from the second step of hierarchical multiple regression analysis that only age explained the PCS score, while job status and support size explained the MCS score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is reasonable to conclude that the HRQOL of family caregivers was lower than that of non-family caregivers, and that the HRQOL of family caregivers was estimated by their social networks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Psychology, Osaka University of Human Sciences, Osaka, Japan. ICB53570@nifty.com
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Miwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagatsuka
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirai