title: Recruiting a diverse group of middle school girls into the trial of activity for adolescent girls.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  School-based study recruitment efforts are both time consuming and challenging. This paper highlights the recruitment strategies employed by the national, multisite Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls (TAAG), a study designed to measure the effectiveness of an intervention to reduce the decline of physical activity levels among middle school-aged girls. TAAG provided a unique opportunity to recruit large cohorts of randomly sampled girls within 36 diverse middle schools across the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Key elements of the formative planning, coordination, and design of TAAG's recruitment efforts included flexibility, tailoring, and the use of incentives. Various barriers, including a natural disaster, political tension, and district regulations, were encountered throughout the recruitment process, but coordinated strategies and frequent communication between the 6 TAAG sites were helpful in tailoring the recruitment process at the 36 intervention and control schools.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Progressively refined recruitment strategies and specific attention to the target audience of middle school girls resulted in overall study recruitment rates of 80%, 85%, and 89%, for the baseline, posttest, and follow-up period, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The steady increase in recruitment rates over time is attributed to an emphasis on successful strategies and a willingness to modify less successful methods. Open and consistent communication, an increasingly coordinated recruitment strategy, interactive recruitment presentations, and participant incentives resulted in an effective recruitment campaign.
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA. jelder@mail.sdsu.edu
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Elder
authors.forename: Laverne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shuler
authors.forename: Stacey G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Moe
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grieser
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hingle
authors.forename: Julie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pickrel
authors.forename: Brit I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Saksvig
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schachter
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: Elizabeth K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Guth Bothwell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D009043:Motor Activity; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic / Q000379:methods; D018579:Patient Selection; D012107:Research Design; D012574:Schools; D014481:United States