title: Effects of hyperin, isoquercitrin and quercetin on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitrite production in rat peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: The extract of the root of Acanthopanax chiisanensis Nakai is used for the treatment of inflammation. To analyse the action mechanism of this extract, the effect of hyperin (quercetin-3-O-beta-d-galactose) isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the root of A. chiisanensis on nitrite production and induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 microg/mL)-stimulated rat peritoneal macrophages were examined. The effect of the structurally related compounds, isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-O-beta-d-glucose) and quercetin (an aglycone of the two compounds) isolated from the extract of the leaves of Vaccinium koreanum Nakai was also examined to compare the effect. It was shown that hyperin inhibited the LPS-induced iNOS expression and nitrite production. Of the three compounds, quercetin showed the most potent inhibitory activity. The phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were also inhibited by these compounds. These findings suggested that hyperin in the extract of the root of A. chiisanensis inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production through inhibition of the expression of iNOS by attenuation of p44/p42 MAPK, p38 MAPK and JNK, and thus participates in the antiinflammatory activity of the extract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 456-756, Korea. slee@cau.ac.kr
authors.forename: Sanghyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hee-Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yohko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Notsu
authors.forename: Hyun Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ban
authors.forename: Yong Pil
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Noriyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirasawa
authors.forename: Sang Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Yeon Sil
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soon Sung
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Eun-Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kuk Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seyama
authors.forename: Jangja
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D028001:Eleutherococcus / Q000737:chemistry; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D010936:Plant Extracts; C016527:isoquercitrin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C021304:hyperoside; D011794:Quercetin; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases