Immunogenicity of orally-delivered lipid-formulated BCG vaccines and protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
Lipid formulations containing BCG strains Danish 1331 or Moreau (Rio de Janeiro) were trialled as oral vaccines in rodent models. In mice, oral-delivery of either strain resulted in BCG colonisation of the alimentary tract lymphatics and induction of gamma-interferon responses. In guinea pigs, both strains provided pulmonary protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis aerosol challenge, as shown by significantly reduced bacterial loads and lung:body weight ratios. Lipid-formulated BCG provided superior protection against M. tuberculosis over unformulated orally-delivered BCG (Moreau), and equivalent protection to sub-cutaneous BCG (Danish) immunisation. Oral-delivery of lipid-formulated BCG may offer a practical alternative to parenteral-route BCG vaccination.
Vipond
Julia
J
Health Protection Agency, Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, United Kingdom. julia.vipond@hpa.org.uk
Cross
Martin L
ML
Lambeth
Matthew R
MR
Clark
Simon
S
Aldwell
Frank E
FE
Williams
Ann
A
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D001500:BCG Vaccine; D008081:Liposomes