Winding up of the wave-function phase by an insulator-to-superfluid transition in a ring of coupled Bose-Einstein condensates.
We study phase transition from the Mott insulator to superfluid in a periodic optical lattice. Kibble-Zurek mechanism predicts buildup of winding number through random walk of BEC phases, with the step size scaling as a third root of transition rate. We confirm this and demonstrate that this scaling accounts for the net winding number after the transition.
Dziarmaga
Jacek
J
Institute of Physics and Centre for Complex Systems Research, Jagiellonian University, Reymonta 4, 30-059 Kraków, Poland and Theory Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
Meisner
Jakub
J
Zurek
Wojciech H
WH