Primary percutaneous coronary intervention in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest with ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction: a single-center experience in Florence.
OBJECTIVE
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention is currently known as the most effective reperfusion strategy in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. There are no formal recommendations from the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology and European Society of Cardiology guidelines regarding the treatment of comatose patients with signs of ST-elevation myocardial infarction after reestablishment of spontaneous circulation.


METHODS
We assessed prognosis in 31 consecutive comatose ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients admitted to our intensive cardiac care unit after early percutaneous coronary intervention from 1 January 2005 to 30 June 2006.


RESULTS
During intensive cardiac care unit stay, eight patients died (8/23, 34.7%). In comparison between patients who died and those who survived, the former were older (P = 0.049), showed a higher incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and had a shorter intensive cardiac care unit length of stay (P = 0.001). No differences were detectable in the two subgroups regarding angiographic characteristics. The incidence of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction grade 3 postpercutaneous coronary intervention was higher in patients who survived (P = 0.0437). Patients who died showed higher latency times, both symptoms-to-basic life support and symptoms-emergency-team (P = 0.0171 and 0.0116, respectively). Patients who survived showed a higher ejection fraction than those who died, as well as lower values of peak troponin I, leukocytes and glycemia (P = 0.01, 0.001 and 0.05, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
According to our data, comatose survivors undoubtedly present a high-risk subgroup of ST-elevation myocardial infarction population in which percutaneous coronary intervention shows a procedural efficacy similar to conscious ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients and whose prognosis seems to be related both to infarct size and to neurological status. Further studies need to be performed in this high-risk subgroup investigating the effects of mild hypothermia (mainly on the neurological outcome) as well as the feasibility, safety and outcome of assistance device.
Valente
Serafina
S
Intensive Cardiac Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy. seravalente@hotmail.com
Lazzeri
Chiara
C
Saletti
Elisa
E
Chiostri
Marco
M
Gensini
Gian Franco
GF
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D003128:Coma / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome