Does a functional activity programme improve function, quality of life, and falls for residents in long term care? Cluster randomised controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effectiveness of an activity programme in improving function, quality of life, and falls in older people in residential care.


METHODS
Cluster randomised controlled trial with one year follow-up.


METHODS
41 low level dependency residential care homes in New Zealand.


METHODS
682 people aged 65 years or over.


METHODS
330 residents were offered a goal setting and individualised activities of daily living activity programme by a gerontology nurse, reinforced by usual healthcare assistants; 352 residents received social visits.


METHODS
Function (late life function and disability instruments, elderly mobility scale, FICSIT-4 balance test, timed up and go test), quality of life (life satisfaction index, EuroQol), and falls (time to fall over 12 months). Secondary outcomes were depressive symptoms and hospital admissions.


RESULTS
473 (70%) participants completed the trial. The programme had no impact overall. However, in contrast to residents with impaired cognition (no differences between intervention and control group), those with normal cognition in the intervention group may have maintained overall function (late life function and disability instrument total function, P=0.024) and lower limb function (late life function and disability instrument basic lower extremity, P=0.015). In residents with cognitive impairment, the likelihood of depression increased in the intervention group. No other outcomes differed between groups.


CONCLUSIONS
A programme of functional rehabilitation had minimal impact for elderly people in residential care with normal cognition but was not beneficial for those with poor cognition. Trial registration Australian Clinical Trials Register ACTRN12605000667617.
Kerse
Ngaire
N
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1001, New Zealand. n.kerse@auckland.ac.nz
Peri
Kathy
K
Robinson
Elizabeth
E
Wilkinson
Tim
T
von Randow
Martin
M
Kiata
Liz
L
Parsons
John
J
Latham
Nancy
N
Parsons
Matthew
M
Willingale
Jane
J
Brown
Paul
P
Arroll
Bruce
B
D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life