Effect of bioaugmentation and nitrogen supplementation on composting of paddy straw.
A composting experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of a hyperlignocellulolytic fungal consortium and different nitrogen amendments on paddy straw composting in terms of changes in physicochemical and biological parameters. A fungal consortium comprising four lignocellulolytic mesophilic fungal cultures was used as inoculum for bioaugmentation of paddy straw in perforated pits. The comparative effect of farmyard manure (FYM), soybean trash, poultry litter and urea on the composting process was evaluated at monthly intervals in terms of physicochemical (pH, EC, available P, C:N ratio and humus content) and biological (enzymatic and microbial activity) parameters. The compost prepared from bioaugmented paddy straw composting mixture, with poultry manure as nitrogen supplement attained desirable C:N ratio in 1 month and displayed least phytotoxicity levels along with higher production of beta-1,4-Exoglucanase. The combined activity of the autochthonous composting microbiota as well as the externally applied fungal inoculum accelerated the composting process of paddy straw. Supplementation of paddy straw with poultry manure in 8:1 ratio was identified as the best treatment to hasten the composting process. This study highlights the importance of application of fungal inoculum and an appropriate N-amendment such as poultry manure for preparation of compost using a substrate having high C:N ratio, such as paddy straw.
Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
Alok Kumar
AK
Pandey
Sunita
S
Gaind
Arif
A
Ali
Lata
L
Nain
D000383:Agriculture; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000201:enzymology; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000201:enzymology; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D043366:Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases / Q000378:metabolism; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000378:metabolism; D005658:Fungi / Q000201:enzymology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D020075:Phanerochaete / Q000201:enzymology; D012621:Seasons; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000201:enzymology; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism
D012987:Soil; C036909:lignocellulose; D008031:Lignin; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; C074775:CelA endoglucanase; D002480:Cellulase; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases; D043366:Cellulose 1,4-beta-Cellobiosidase; D009584:Nitrogen; D019793:Fluorescein