Head and neck cutaneous melanoma: a retrospective observational study on 146 patients.
BACKGROUND
Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is a novel staging technique in cutaneous melanoma, but it is more challenging in the head and neck (H&N) than in the trunk and extremities. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility of SNB in patients with clinical stage I-II H&N cutaneous melanoma, with emphasis on disease outcome.


METHODS
Twenty five patients with H&N melanoma of >1.0 mm in Breslow depth underwent SNB and were compared to 121 historic H&N melanoma patients, who had either undergone routine prophylactic neck dissection or had been observed without any invasive nodal staging.


RESULTS
Sixteen percent of the SNB patients were sentinel-positive and there have been no false-negative cases. In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, there were no significant differences between the study groups in melanoma-specific overall survival. Among the entire cohort, melanoma-specific overall survival rate was 67.1% at 5 years and 61.9% at 10 years. Predictive factors for worsen survival were nodal micrometastases, male sex, scalp location, thick primary lesion and ulceration.


CONCLUSIONS
SNB is a reliable and mini-invasive approach for the nodal staging of H&N cutaneous melanoma. Traditional neck dissection is recommended only for therapeutic purposes in clinically node-positive or sentinel-positive patients.
Koskivuo
Ilkka O
IO
Department of Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. ilkka.koskivuo@tyks.fi
Kinnunen
Ilpo A J
IA
Suominen
Erkki A
EA
Talve
Lauri A I
LA
Vihinen
Pia P
PP
Grénman
Reidar A
RA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult