A high-voltage bipolar transconductance amplifier for electrotactile stimulation.
This paper describes a high-performance transconductance amplifier specifically designed for electrotactile (electrocutaneous) stimulation. It enables voltages up to +/-600 V to be produced at the output that will allow the psychophysiological performance associated with stimulation of the fingertip using various stimulation waveforms to be studied more thoroughly. The design has a transconductance of up to 20 mA/V, an 8.8-Momega output resistance, and can provide output currents up to +/-20 mA. A complete schematic diagram is presented along with a discussion of theory of operation and safety issues as well as performance and derating plots from the implemented design.
Schaning
Matthew A
MA
University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. mschaning@gmail.com
Kaczmarek
Kurt A
KA
D000669:Amplifiers, Electronic; D025802:Electric Capacitance; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D005246:Feedback; D005385:Fingers / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects