The role of molecular methods in the prevention of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clusters in cancer patients.
In 2002, an increased incidence of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in our institution triggered a conventional investigation that failed to identify a common source. Molecular typing of the 70 nosocomial MRSA isolates obtained identified a predominant health care-associated clone A in the first trimester. Aggressive infection control measures led to a significant decrease in the number of isolates per 10,000 hospital days between the first trimester and the last 2 trimesters of 2003 (6.4 vs 3.8; P = .04). This was attributed to a decrease in clone A: SCCmec II, USA100, PVL gene-negative (2.3 per 10.000 patient-days vs 0.1 per 10,000 patient-days; P = .004). However, in 2003, 23% of the nosocomial isolates were SCCmec IV, USA300, PVL gene-positive. At that time, molecular methods allowed the detection and prevention of a nosocomial MRSA outbreak caused by a health care-associated clone; however, the community strains (SCCmec IV) have become a frequent cause of nosocomial infection in our institution.
Ghanem
Ghazi
G
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Hachem
Ray Y
RY
Chemaly
Roy F
RF
Dvorak
Tanya
T
Hulten
Kristen
K
Graviss
Linda
L
Raad
Issam I
II
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000235:genetics; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005098:Exotoxins; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin