Caspase-mediated cleavage of ATG6/Beclin-1 links apoptosis to autophagy in HeLa cells.
Autophagy is a catabolic process involved in cell death and in cell protective mechanism. Autophagic cell death is differentiated from apoptosis by the presence of double or multiple-membrane enclosed vesicles, and the ATG proteins are essential for the formation of these autophagic vesicles. Here, we show that ATG6/Beclin-1 is a novel caspase substrate. ATG6 is directly cleaved by caspases in a process inhibited by the pan caspase inhibitor, zVAD. Ectopic expression of ATG6 suppresses cell death while reduction of ATG6 levels by siRNA sensitizes cells to TRAIL-induced cell death. Also, the inhibition of caspases leads to an increase in autophagy. These results suggest that caspase-mediated cleavage of ATG6 links the apoptotic and autophagic signaling pathways.
Cho
Dong-Hyung
DH
Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea.
Jo
Yoon Kyung
YK
Hwang
Jung Jin
JJ
Lee
Yoo Mee
YM
Roh
Seon Ae
SA
Kim
Jin Cheon
JC
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001343:Autophagy; D000071186:Beclin-1; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C491997:BECN1 protein, human; D000071186:Beclin-1; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D053148:Caspase 3