Spatial analysis of malaria in Anhui province, China.
BACKGROUND
Malaria has re-emerged in Anhui Province, China, and this province was the most seriously affected by malaria during 2005-2006. It is necessary to understand the spatial distribution of malaria cases and to identify highly endemic areas for future public health planning and resource allocation in Anhui Province.


METHODS
The annual average incidence at the county level was calculated using malaria cases reported between 2000 and 2006 in Anhui Province. GIS-based spatial analyses were conducted to detect spatial distribution and clustering of malaria incidence at the county level.


RESULTS
The spatial distribution of malaria cases in Anhui Province from 2000 to 2006 was mapped at the county level to show crude incidence, excess hazard and spatial smoothed incidence. Spatial cluster analysis suggested 10 and 24 counties were at increased risk for malaria (P < 0.001) with the maximum spatial cluster sizes at < 50% and < 25% of the total population, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The application of GIS, together with spatial statistical techniques, provide a means to quantify explicit malaria risks and to further identify environmental factors responsible for the re-emerged malaria risks. Future public health planning and resource allocation in Anhui Province should be focused on the maximum spatial cluster region.
Zhang
Wenyi
W
Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, PR China. zwy0419@126.com
Wang
Liping
L
Fang
Liqun
L
Ma
Jiaqi
J
Xu
Youfu
Y
Jiang
Jiafu
J
Hui
Fengming
F
Wang
Jianjun
J
Liang
Song
S
Yang
Hong
H
Cao
Wuchun
W
D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors