[Immunitary response in tuberculosis and the role of Mycobacterium tuberculosis secretion antigens in its protection, pathology and diagnosis. Review].
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the main causes of death by M. tuberculosis infection in humans worldwide and, it is worrying that the number of cases have been increasing in recent years, largely due to HIV infection. Since the diagnostic methods for detecting the disease are not totally effective because of their lack of specificity and sensitivity, efforts are being made to characterize the M. tuberculosis antigens associated with protection and, thereby develop better diagnostic methods. Among the antigens which are secreted by M. tuberculosis--and which have been described as inducers of the secretion of mediators associated with protection--are CPF-10, ESAT-6, 27 kDa and 38 kDa, which induce the production of IFN-gamma; TNF-alpha and nitric oxide. By means of the study of the functions and composition of these antigens, which are mainly secreted by the bacteria, efforts are being made to find more effective methods of diagnosing the disease in its different stages of evolution. The present review aims to describe the antigens which have been reported as being relevant in the case of M. tuberculosis, since they participate in the immune response to infection and therefore, may be important in terms of diagnosis.
Araujo
Zaida
Z
Laboratorio de Inmunología de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Biomedicina, Caracas, Venezuela. zaraujogarcia@yahoo.com
Acosta
Mariana
M
Escobar
Hemir
H
Baños
Ricardo
R
Fernández de Larrea
Carlos
C
Rivas-Santiago
Bruno
B
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D016207:Cytokines
Respuesta inmunitaria en tuberculosis y el papel de los antígenos de secreción de mycobacterium tuberculosis en la protección, patología y diagnóstico. Revisión.