Management of over-retained mandibular deciduous second molars with and without permanent successors.
The objective of this article is to describe the various clinical situations of prolonged retention of mandibular deciduous second molars. Indications for orthodontic space closure in the absence of permanent successors and treatment alternatives in space opening, including retaining the deciduous molars, are described. Periodic monitoring, composite buildups, and indications and timing of extraction of infraoccluded and ankylosed deciduous molars with and without permanent successors are reviewed.
Sabri
Roy
R
Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. roysabri@dm.net.lb
D000848:Anodontia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible; D008963:Molar / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000379:methods; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography; D020254:Tooth Ankylosis; D014080:Tooth Exfoliation; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*