Strain differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated from sputum of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.
OBJECTIVE
This study represents an early attempt to determine the diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Egypt, particularly of drug-resistant strains.


METHODS
We characterized 45 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from sputum samples of Egyptian patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, in order to establish a database of strain types and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.


RESULTS
One Mycobacterium bovis and 44 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates were identified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the oxyR gene. Twenty-five (56.8%) of the 44 MTB isolates were susceptible in vitro to all anti-tuberculosis drugs tested; five (11.4%) were mono-resistant to isoniazid or streptomycin (four were resistant to streptomycin and only one was resistant to isoniazid) and 14 (31.8%) were resistant to more than one drug (multidrug-resistant, MDR). Among the 44 MTB isolates tested by RFLP analysis in this study, 40 different RFLP patterns were obtained. The number of IS6110 copies ranged from 5 to 16. Studying the IS6110 RFLP patterns indicated that the 44 isolates did not cluster together but were generally scattered. None of the 14 MDR isolates were clustered. Twenty-two different spoligotypes were identified among the 44 MTB isolates, of which 13 were unique. The remaining 31 isolates were grouped into nine clusters of strains sharing identical spoligotypes.


CONCLUSIONS
We have demonstrated evidence of diversity among the drug-susceptible and resistant MTB strains. Continued surveillance for strains of MTB involved in pulmonary tuberculosis in Egypt, and especially for drug-resistant strains, is warranted.
Abbadi
Said
S
Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Circuit Road, Ismailia 41111, Egypt. saidabbadi@hotmail.com
El Hadidy
G
G
Gomaa
N
N
Cooksey
Robert
R
D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013045:Species Specificity; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*
D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009841:Oligonucleotides