Multi-jurisdictional investigation of interactive fountain-associated cryptosporidiosis and salmonellosis outbreaks.
Interactive water fountains are established sources of gastrointestinal infections yet most health codes fail to regulate their design and operation. This report describes multi-agency, concurrent interactive fountain-associated cryptosporidiosis and salmonellosis outbreak investigations and highlights the need for the adoption of appropriate regulations for interactive fountains.
City and County of San Francisco Department of Public Health, Environmental Health Section, San Francisco, CA 94102, USA. michelle.kirian@sfdph.org
M L
ML
Kirian
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G
Meregillano
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D
Gennette
J M
JM
Weintraub
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003140:Communicable Disease Control; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014871:Water Microbiology