Oral administration of cilnidipine to patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in the acute stage: significance and role of an N-type calcium channel blocker.
BACKGROUND
Elevated blood pressure (BP) causes rebleeding or enlargement of intracerebral hematomas.


OBJECTIVE
How a long-acting oral calcium channel blocker, cilnidipine, could control BP in the acute stage of cerebral hemorrhage was evaluated.


RESULTS
Cilnidipine given within 3 days of hospitalization has more benefit than cilnidipine given after 4 days of hospitalization; it can reduce the amount of intravenous nicardipine, and it can help to maintain the BP below 80% of the initial BP. Surgical removal of the hematoma has no benefit in reducing the amount of intravenous nicardipine and maintaining the BP below 80% of the initial BP.


CONCLUSIONS
In order to reduce the total amount of intravenous nicardipine and to maintain the BP below 80% of the initial BP, oral administration of a long-acting N-type calcium channel blocker, cilnidipine, is useful and important, independent of whether the hematomas are surgically removed.
Matsuno
A
A
Department of Neurosurgery, Teikyo University Chiba Medical Center, Anesaki, Ichihara, Chiba, Japan. akirakun@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp
Ide
F
F
Tanaka
H
H
Asano
S
S
Miyawaki
S
S
Uno
T
T
Tanaka
J
J
Nakaguchi
H
H
Sasaki
M
M
Murakami
M
M
Fuke
N
N
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type / Q000187:drug effects; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D020299:Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type; D004095:Dihydropyridines; C065927:cilnidipine; D009529:Nicardipine