Participation and enjoyment of leisure activities in school-aged children with cerebral palsy.
The objective of this study was to characterize participation in leisure activities in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and identify determinants of greater involvement. Ninety-five children of school age (9y 7mo [SD 2y 1mo]) with CP were recruited, and participation was evaluated with the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment in a subset (67/95; 42 males, 25 females) who could actively participate in completion of the assessment. Most had mild motor dysfunction (Gross Motor Function Classification System: 59% level I, 23% level II, 18% levels III-V) and had a spastic subtype of CP (23 hemiplegia, 17 diplegia, 16 quadriplegia, 11 other). Biomedical, child, family and environmental predictor variables were considered in the analysis. Results demonstrated that these children were actively involved in a wide range of leisure activities and experienced a high level of enjoyment. However, involvement was lower in skill-based and active physical activities as well as community-based activities. Mastery motivation and involvement in rehabilitation services enhanced involvement (intensity and diversity) in particular leisure activities, whereas cognitive and behavioral difficulties, activity limitations, and parental stress were obstacles to participation.
School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. annette.majnemer@mcgill.ca
Annette
A
Majnemer
Michael
M
Shevell
Mary
M
Law
Rena
R
Birnbaum
Gevorg
G
Chilingaryan
Peter
P
Rosenbaum
Chantal
C
Poulin
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D002648:Child; D017281:Cost of Illness; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D019988:Children with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities / Q000145:classification* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000145:classification; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric