Successful twin birth following blastocyst culture of embryos derived from the immotile ejaculated spermatozoa from a patient with primary ciliary dyskinesia: a case report.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the ultrastructure of spermatozoa from a patient with complete asthenozoospermia that resulted in live births following blastocyst culture.


METHODS
Analyses of spermatozoa from a 36 year old patient were performed using light and electron microscopy. The hypo-osmotic swelling test was used to select spermatozoa for intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Embryos were cultured to the blastocyst stage.


RESULTS
100% of the spermatozoa had dynein arm deficiency with secondary defects varying from 3-17%. Six oocytes were injected; five fertilized normally and one was digynic. All five zygotes formed good quality blastocysts. Three blastocysts were cryopreserved and two blastocysts were transferred. Twin females were born at 37 weeks.


CONCLUSIONS
The hypo-osmotic swelling test can be used to select viable immotile ejaculated spermatozoa from a patient with dynein arm deficiency and can produce excellent fertilization rates and blastocyst development resulting in live births.
Kordus
Richard J
RJ
Advanced Fertility and Reproductive Endocrinology Institute, LLC, 2728 Sunset Blvd, Suite 305, West Columbia, SC 29169, USA. rkordus@ivfwecare.com
Price
Robert L
RL
Davis
Jeffrey M
JM
Whitman-Elia
Gail F
GF
D000328:Adult; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology*; D004398:Dyneins / Q000378:metabolism; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005407:Flagella / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D007619:Kartagener Syndrome / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D055101:Semen Analysis; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014427:Twins
D004398:Dyneins