Nuclear receptors of the enteric tract: guarding the frontier.
In addition to its classical role in mineral homeostasis, the vitamin D receptor has been implicated in diverse physiologic and pathophysiologic processes including immunoregulation and cancer. Interestingly, the vitamin D receptor has been evolutionarily and functionally linked to a select group of nuclear receptors based on a common organism-wide tissue expression profile. These members of the nuclear receptor superfamily, which include the bile acid receptor, xenobiotic receptors, and several orphan nuclear receptors, comprise a transcriptional regulatory network that functions in nutrient uptake, xenobiotic metabolism, and mucosal protection. The major homeostatic functions of the enteric nuclear receptor network are the topic of this review.
The Department of Pharmacology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9050, USA.
Daniel R
DR
Schmidt
David J
DJ
Mangelsdorf
D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000502:physiology*
D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D014807:Vitamin D