The potential and challenges of nanopore sequencing.
A nanopore-based device provides single-molecule detection and analytical capabilities that are achieved by electrophoretically driving molecules in solution through a nano-scale pore. The nanopore provides a highly confined space within which single nucleic acid polymers can be analyzed at high throughput by one of a variety of means, and the perfect processivity that can be enforced in a narrow pore ensures that the native order of the nucleobases in a polynucleotide is reflected in the sequence of signals that is detected. Kilobase length polymers (single-stranded genomic DNA or RNA) or small molecules (e.g., nucleosides) can be identified and characterized without amplification or labeling, a unique analytical capability that makes inexpensive, rapid DNA sequencing a possibility. Further research and development to overcome current challenges to nanopore identification of each successive nucleotide in a DNA strand offers the prospect of 'third generation' instruments that will sequence a diploid mammalian genome for approximately $1,000 in approximately 24 h.
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. dbranton@harvard.edu
Daniel
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Branton
David W
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Deamer
Andre
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Marziali
Hagan
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Bayley
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Benner
Thomas
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Butler
Massimiliano
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Di Ventra
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Garaj
Andrew
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Hibbs
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Huang
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Jovanovich
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Lindsay
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Meller
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Tabard-Cossa
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