A brief research note: helplessness, hopelessness, and haplessness as predictors of suicidal ideation: a cross-cultural study.
Scales to measure helplessness and hopelessness were found to have good reliability and were significantly correlated with suicidal ideation in both Turkish and American respondents.
Gençöz
Faruk
F
Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
Vatan
Sevginar
S
Walker
Rheeda
R
Lester
David
D
D000328:Adult; D001293:Attitude to Death / Q000208:ethnology*; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003863:Depression / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012931:Social Environment; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology