Drug resistance mutation profile and accumulation kinetics in human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals infected with subtypes B and F failing highly active antiretroviral therapy are influenced by different viral codon usage patterns.
The major human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype circulating in Brazil is B, followed by F and C. We have genotyped 882 samples from Brazilian patients for whom highly active antiretroviral therapy failed, and we found subtype B and the unique recombinant B/F1 forms circulating. Due to codon usage variation, there is a significantly lower incidence of the substitutions L210W, Q151M, and F116Y in subtype F1 isolates than in the subtype B counterparts.
Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
A
A
Waléria-Aleixo
A N
AN
Martins
M B
MB
Arruda
R M
RM
Brindeiro
R M
RM
Da-Silva
F F
FF
Nobre
D B
DB
Greco
A
A
Tanuri
D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001938:Brazil; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D017211:Treatment Failure
D003062:Codon; D012367:RNA, Viral; C514824:reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease