Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and conservative surgery for stage IB1 cervical cancer.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effectiveness of chemo-surgical conservative therapy for stage IB1 cervical tumors in patients desiring to preserve fertility.


METHODS
From 1995 to April 2007 51 nulliparous patients with tumor <or=3 cm, aged <or=40 years with no uterine and lymphnode neoplastic involvement were evaluated. Three courses with cisplatin 75 mg/m(2), paclitaxel 175 mg/m(2) and ifosfamide 5 g/m(2) (epirubicin 80 mg/m(2) in adenocarcinoma) were followed by cold-knife conization and pelvic lymphadenectomy. When intraoperative frozen section revealed massive neoplastic cervical persistence a radical total hysterectomy was performed.


RESULTS
Thirty women (59%) did not accept the conservative approach. In the remaining 21 patients median age was 30 years and median tumor size was 15 mm (range 10-30 mm). Adenocarcinoma was present in 12 cases (57%) and indifferentiated neoplasia in 10 (48%). Following neoadjuvant treatment, pathological complete response was observed in 5 cases, in situ or microinvasive residue in 12 and stromal invasion >3 mm in 4. Four women deemed ineligible for conservative surgery after chemotherapy and one refusing to preserve her genital apparatus underwent radical hysterectomy. After a median follow-up of 69 months no relapses were observed. Nine women attempted to conceive: ten pregnancies occurred in 6 patients and 9 live babies have been born, while one woman experienced a first-trimester miscarriage.


CONCLUSIONS
The high rate of pathological response confirms the effectiveness of the preoperative treatment for reducing the tumor volume allowing the removal only of a cervical cone instead of the entire cervix with cardinal ligaments as needed by radical trachelectomy. Successful pregnancies are possible after such integration.
Maneo
Andrea
A
Department of Gynecologic Oncology, S Gerardo Hospital, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy. a.maneo@hsgerardo.org
Chiari
Stefania
S
Bonazzi
Cristina
C
Mangioni
Costantino
C
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D019092:Conization; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
D015251:Epirubicin; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide