The status of the world's land and marine mammals: diversity, threat, and knowledge.
Knowledge of mammalian diversity is still surprisingly disparate, both regionally and taxonomically. Here, we present a comprehensive assessment of the conservation status and distribution of the world's mammals. Data, compiled by 1700+ experts, cover all 5487 species, including marine mammals. Global macroecological patterns are very different for land and marine species but suggest common mechanisms driving diversity and endemism across systems. Compared with land species, threat levels are higher among marine mammals, driven by different processes (accidental mortality and pollution, rather than habitat loss), and are spatially distinct (peaking in northern oceans, rather than in Southeast Asia). Marine mammals are also disproportionately poorly known. These data are made freely available to support further scientific developments and conservation action.
Schipper
Jan
J
International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Programme, IUCN, 28 Rue Mauverney, 1196 Gland, Switzerland. jan.schipper@iucn.org
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Katariya
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Ana S L
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Helen J
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Patricia Ann
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Penny
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Patricia D
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D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D049628:Body Size; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D016208:Databases, Factual; D017753:Ecosystem; D053476:Extinction, Biological; D008322:Mammals / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology; D008386:Marine Biology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012623:Seawater