The functional-organic dichotomy: postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease-irritable bowel syndrome.
Gastroenterologists often encounter situations when the clinical and pathophysiological features that typically distinguish functional from organic disorders overlap. This "blurring of boundaries" can occur with post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS), a subset of IBS and a newly described entity IBD-IBS. The key associating features include pain and usually diarrheal symptoms that are disproportionate to the observed pathology, microscopic inflammation, and often a co-association with psychological distress. A previous initiating gastrointestinal infection is required for PI-IBS and assumed for IBD-IBS. Using this perspective we discuss the clinical and pathophysiological features of PI-IBS and IBD-IBS and the growing evidence for the overlapping features of these two disorders in terms of alteration of gut flora, immune dysregulation, and role of stress. A unifying model of PI-IBS and IBD-IBS is proposed that may have important clinical and research implications. It obligates us to reframe our understanding of illness and disease from the dualistic biomedical model into a more integrated biopsychosocial (BPS) perspective.
Grover
Madhusudan
M
Center for Functional GI and Motility Disorders, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7080, USA.
Herfarth
Hans
H
Drossman
Douglas A
DA
D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*