Vitamin D requirement and setting recommendation levels: long-term perspectives.
Target intakes of vitamin D to prevent rickets and osteomalacia are difficult to estimate because of the dual sources of vitamin D with dermal production and absorption from the intestine. However, vitamin D deficiency is associated with other diseases, e.g., myopathy, falls, fractures, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and malignancies, which underlines the necessity of redefining recommendations. A plasma level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) <50 nmol/L increases the risk of secondary hyperparathyroidism, whereas levels between 75 and 100 nmol/L appear optimal for maintaining general health. In adults, a minimum dietary intake of 17.5-25 microg/day is necessary to achieve these levels. Perspectives of future research are outlined here.
Mosekilde
Leif
L
The Department of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism C, Aarhus University Hospital, DK 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. leif.mosekilde@as.aaa.dk
D001682:Biological Availability; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D014815:Vitamins; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D