Validation of a food frequency questionnaire measurement of dietary acrylamide intake using hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide.
OBJECTIVE
Acrylamide, a probable human carcinogen, is formed during high-heat cooking of many common foods. The validity of food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) measures of acrylamide intake has not been established. We assessed the validity of acrylamide intake calculated from an FFQ using a biomarker of acrylamide exposure.


METHODS
We calculated acrylamide intake from an FFQ in the Nurses' Health Study II. We measured hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and its metabolite, glycidamide, in a random sample of 342 women. Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between acrylamide intakes and adducts.


RESULTS
The correlation between acrylamide intake and the sum of acrylamide and glycidamide adducts was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.20-0.41), adjusted for laboratory batch, energy intake, and age. Further adjustment for BMI, alcohol intake, and correction for random within-person measurement error in adducts gave a correlation of 0.34 (CI: 0.23-0.45). The intraclass correlation coefficient for the sum of adducts was 0.77 in blood samples collected 1-3 years apart in a subset of 45 women. Intake of several foods significantly predicted adducts in multiple regression.


CONCLUSIONS
Acrylamide intake and hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide were moderately correlated. Within-person consistency in adducts was high over time.
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA. kwilson@hsph.harvard.edu
Kathryn M
KM
Wilson
Hubert W
HW
Vesper
Paula
P
Tocco
Laura
L
Sampson
Johan
J
Rosén
Karl-Erik
KE
Hellenäs
Margareta
M
Törnqvist
Walter C
WC
Willett
D020106:Acrylamide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
D015415:Biomarkers; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D006454:Hemoglobins; D020106:Acrylamide; C071834:glycidamide