High-speed, miniaturized fluorescence microscopy in freely moving mice.
A central goal in biomedicine is to explain organismic behavior in terms of causal cellular processes. However, concurrent observation of mammalian behavior and underlying cellular dynamics has been a longstanding challenge. We describe a miniaturized (1.1 g mass) epifluorescence microscope for cellular-level brain imaging in freely moving mice, and its application to imaging microcirculation and neuronal Ca(2+) dynamics.
Flusberg
Benjamin A
BA
James H. Clark Center for Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Stanford University, 318 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Nimmerjahn
Axel
A
Cocker
Eric D
ED
Mukamel
Eran A
EA
Barretto
Robert P J
RP
Ko
Tony H
TH
Burns
Laurie D
LD
Jung
Juergen C
JC
Schnitzer
Mark J
MJ
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008904:Miniaturization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors