Five-fold increase in pediatric parapneumonic empyema since introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
A retrospective review of medical records for all pediatric parapneumonic empyema (PPE) patients admitted to our hospital from 1996 to 2006 revealed that PPE increased 5-fold in the post-heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) period (2001-2005) relative to the pre-PCV7 period (1996-2000), from 13 cases to 65. Most of this increase was associated with culture-negative empyema, which accounted for 61% of all post-2000 cases; 19% was culture-positive pneumococcal empyema. Our analysis indicates that non-PCV7 serotypes became more prevalent at our institution after introduction of the vaccine.
Hendrickson
Debra J
DJ
Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA. debrasrb@aol.com
Blumberg
Dean A
DA
Joad
Jesse P
JP
Jhawar
Sanjay
S
McDonald
Ruth J
RJ
D000293:Adolescent; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012703:Serotyping; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification
D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines