Percutaneous coronary intervention and the use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis: a single center experience.
Patients on dialysis constitute a major healthcare burden with high prevalence of coronary artery disease frequently requiring coronary revascularization. Prior studies have reported high complications rates with revascularization in patients on dialysis. However, information on the use glycoprotein and direct thrombin inhibitors in this patient population undergoing percutaneous revascularization is limited. We retrospectively analyzed the procedural success and in-hospital outcomes of percutaneous coronary revascularization in 56 consecutive patients on dialysis compared with 524 patients without renal failure, between January 2001 and August 2007 at our facility. Additionally, we also analyzed the off-label use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GP IIb/IIIa) inhibitors during revascularization in this high-risk group of patients to evaluate for possible increased bleeding complications. In the study group, 7 interventions were performed on peritoneal dialysis and 49 on hemodialysis patients. Sixty-one percent of these patients had diabetes mellitus. A total of 72 lesions were intervened upon; 12 underwent angioplasty and 60 underwent stenting. Four of 72 interventions were not successful, giving a procedural success rate of 94%. There were 6 immediate complications (10.7%), but no deaths. Thirty-two patients (57%) received GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors while direct thrombin inhibitors were used during percutaneous coronary intervention in 11(20%) patients. There were no bleeding complications with use of either GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors or direct thrombin inhibitors. In our experience, percutaneous coronary intervention has high procedural success in dialysis patients and concomitant use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors is not associated with any major bleeding complications, making this a feasible, safe and effective revascularization option for patients on dialysis; however, this merits further study in a randomized prospective trial.
Khaja
Azam
A
Division of Cardiology, Department of Biostatistics, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA. khaja73@gmail.com
Garg
Rajeev
R
Govindarajan
Gurushanker
G
Madsen
Richard
R
Aggarwal
Kul
K
D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006629:Hirudins; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000925:Anticoagulants; D000991:Antithrombins; D006629:Hirudins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C074619:bivalirudin