Risk communication considerations to facilitate the screening of mass populations for potential contamination with radioactive material.
Experience gained during a field training exercise with a Medical Reserve Corps unit on the screening of large groups of individuals for possible contamination with radioactive material revealed that while exercise participants were generally attentive to the proper use of protective equipment and detectors, they tended to overlook important basic risk communications aspects. For example, drill participants did not actively communicate with the persons waiting in line for screening, a step which would provide re-assurance, possibly minimize apprehension, and would clarify expectations. When questioned on this issue of risk communication, drill participants were often able to craft ad hoc messages, but the messages were inconsistent and likely would not have significantly helped diminish anxiety and maintain crowd control. Similar difficulties were encountered regarding messaging for persons determined to be contaminated, those departing the screening center, and those to be delivered to the media. Based on these experiences, the need for a suggested list of risk communication points was identified. To address this need, a set of risk communication templates were developed that focused on the issues likely to be encountered in a mass screening event. The points include issues such as the importance of remaining calm, steps for minimizing possible intake or uptake, considerations for those exhibiting acute injuries, expected screening wait times, the process to be followed and the information to be collected, the process to be undertaken for those exhibiting contamination, and symptoms to watch for after departure. Drill participants indicated in follow-up discussions that such pre-established risk communication templates would serve to enhance their ability to assist in times of emergency and noted the potential broader applicably of the approach for use in responses for other disasters types as well.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Safety, Health, Environment & Risk Management, Houston, TX 77054, USA. Robert.J.Emery@uth.tmc.edu
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D003142:Communication; D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D033181:Information Dissemination / Q000379:methods*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013781:Texas