The slippery slope: prediction of successful weight maintenance in anorexia nervosa.
BACKGROUND
Previous research has found that many patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) are unable to maintain normal weight after weight restoration. The objective of this study was to identify variables that predicted successful weight maintenance among weight-restored AN patients.


METHODS
Ninety-three patients with AN treated at two sites (Toronto and New York) through in-patient or partial hospitalization achieved a minimally normal weight and were then randomly assigned to receive fluoxetine or placebo along with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for 1 year. Clinical, demographic and psychometric variables were assessed after weight restoration prior to randomization and putative predictors of successful weight maintenance at 6 and 12 months were examined.


RESULTS
The most powerful predictors of weight maintenance at 6 and 12 months following weight restoration were pre-randomization body mass index (BMI) and the rate of weight loss in the first 28 days following randomization. Higher BMI and lower rate of weight loss were associated with greater likelihood of maintaining a normal BMI at 6 and 12 months. An additional predictor of weight maintenance was site; patients in Toronto fared better than those in New York.


CONCLUSIONS
This study found that the best predictors of weight maintenance in weight-restored AN patients over 6 and 12 months were the level of weight restoration at the conclusion of acute treatment and the avoidance of weight loss immediately following intensive treatment. These results suggest that outcome might be improved by achieving a higher BMI during structured treatment programs and on preventing weight loss immediately following discharge from such programs.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto General Hospital, Ontario, Canada. allan_Kaplan@camh.net
A S
AS
Kaplan
B T
BT
Walsh
M
M
Olmsted
E
E
Attia
J C
JC
Carter
M J
MJ
Devlin
K M
KM
Pike
B
B
Woodside
W
W
Rockert
C A
CA
Roberto
M
M
Parides
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D001828:Body Image; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York; D009864:Ontario; D010919:Placebos; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
D005473:Fluoxetine; D010919:Placebos; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors