Weak but uniform enrichment of the histone variant macroH2A1 along the inactive X chromosome.
We studied the enrichment and distribution of the histone variant mH2A1 in the condensed inactive X (Xi) chromosome. By using highly specific antibodies against mH2A1 and stable HEK 293 cell lines expressing either green fluorescent protein (GFP)-mH2A1 or GFP-H2A, we found that the Xi chromosome contains approximately 1.5-fold more mH2A1 than the autosomes. To determine the in vivo distribution of mH2A1 along the X chromosome, we used a native chromatin immunoprecipitation-on-chip technique. DNA isolated from mH2A1-immunoprecipitated nucleosomes from either male or female mouse liver were hybridized to tiling microarrays covering 5 kb around most promoters or the entire X chromosome. The data show that mH2A1 is uniformly distributed across the entire Xi chromosome. Interestingly, a stronger mH2A1 enrichment along the pseudoautosomal X chromosome region was observed in both sexes. Our results indicate a potential role for macroH2A in large-scale chromosome structure and genome stability.
Mietton
Flore
F
Institut Albert Bonniot, INSERM/UJF-U823, Site Santé-BP 170, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
Sengupta
Aditya K
AK
Molla
Annie
A
Picchi
Gisele
G
Barral
Sophie
S
Heliot
Laurent
L
Grange
Thierry
T
Wutz
Anton
A
Dimitrov
Stefan
S
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D021381:Protein Transport; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000378:metabolism*; D049951:X Chromosome Inactivation
D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes