title: Intravascular leiomyosarcoma of the brachiocephalic region -- report of an unusual tumour localisation: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intravascular leiomyosarcoma is a rare tumour entity originating from venous vessel structures and most frequently affecting the inferior vena cava.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 69-year old patient presented with a biopsy proven leiomyosarcoma of the right supraclavicular region. Tumour resection and histological assessment verified the intravascular tumour origin arising from the internal jugular vein and extending into the surrounding soft tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the presence of a biopsy proven diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma the rare condition of an intravascular tumour origin has to be considered even without signs of venous stases. This may result in an altered surgical strategy. Microthrombembolism and pulmonary metastases may complicate the course of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Center, Hand Center, Sarcoma Reference Center, BG-University-Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany. d.tilkorn@web.de
authors.forename: Daniel-Johannes
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tilkorn
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehnhardt
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Adrien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daigeler
authors.forename: Detlev
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hebebrand
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mentzel
authors.forename: Hans Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Steinau
authors.forename: Cornelius
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuhnen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D016122:Brachiocephalic Trunk; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007601:Jugular Veins; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013350:Subclavian Vein; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016312:Treatment Refusal; D019043:Vascular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods