title: Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis following alpha-glucosidase inhibitor treatment: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: A 69-year-old man was diagnosed as having myasthenia gravis (MG) in September 2004, and treated with thymectomy and prednisolone. He was then diagnosed as having steroid-induced diabetes mellitus, and received sulfonylurea (SU) therapy in May 2005. An alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (alphaGI) was added in March 2006, resulting in good glycemic control. He experienced symptoms of abdominal distention, increased flatus, and constipation in October 2007, and was admitted into our hospital in late November with hematochezia. Plain abdominal radiography revealed small linear radiolucent clusters in the wall of the colon. Computed tomography (CT) showed intramural air in the sigmoid colon. Colonoscopy revealed multiple smooth surfaced hemispherical protrusions in the sigmoid colon. The diagnosis of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) was made on the basis of these findings. As the alphaGI voglibose was suspected as the cause of this patient's PCI, treatment was conservative, ceasing voglibose, with fasting and fluid supplementation. The patient progressed well, and was discharged 2 wk later. Recently, several reports of PCI associated with alphaGI therapy have been published, predominantly in Japan where alphaGIs are commonly used. If the use of alphaGIs becomes more widespread, we can expect more reports of this condition on a global scale. The possibility of PCI should be considered in diabetic patients complaining of gastrointestinal symptoms, and the gastrointestinal tract should be thoroughly investigated in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara 634-8522, Japan. tat-tyan@xa2.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shioyama
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moriya
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawaratani
authors.forename: Yasuyo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Masahisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toyohara
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mitoro
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamao
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukui
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007294:Inositol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D011006:Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007294:Inositol; C102817:voglibose