title: Neurotrophin receptor activation and expression in human postmortem brain: effect of suicide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The physiological functions of neurotrophins occur through binding to two receptors: pan75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) and a family of tropomyosin receptor kinases (Trks A, B, and C). We recently reported that expression of neurotrophins and TrkB were reduced in brains of suicide subjects. This study examines whether expression and activation of Trk receptors and expression of p75(NTR) are altered in brain of these subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression levels of TrkA, B, C, and of p75(NTR) were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot in prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus of suicide and normal control subjects. The activation of Trks was determined by immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting using phosphotyrosine antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In hippocampus, lower mRNA levels of TrkA and TrkC were observed in suicide subjects. In the PFC, the mRNA level of TrkA was decreased, without any change in TrkC. However, the mRNA level of p75(NTR) was increased in both PFC and hippocampus. Immunolabeling studies showed similar results as observed for the mRNAs. In addition, phosphorylation of all Trks was decreased in hippocampus, but in PFC, decreased phosphorylation was noted only for TrkA and B. Increased expression ratios of p75(NTR) to Trks were also observed in PFC and hippocampus of suicide subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest not only reduced functioning of Trks in brains of suicide subjects but also that increased ratios of p75(NTR) to Trks indicate possible activation of pathways that are apoptotic in nature. These findings may be crucial in the pathophysiology of suicide.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. ydwivedi@psych.uic.edu
authors.forename: Yogesh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.forename: Hooriyah S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Rizavi
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Amal C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mondal
authors.forename: Rosalinda C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Conley
authors.forename: Ghanshyam N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Pandey
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000506:poisoning / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D018075:RNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020917:Receptor, trkA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020813:Receptor, trkB / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020812:Receptor, trkC / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology*; D013405:Suicide
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018075:RNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D020917:Receptor, trkA; D020813:Receptor, trkB; D020812:Receptor, trkC