title: The effect of exercise and oxidant-antioxidant intervention on the levels of neurotrophins and free radicals in spinal cord of rats.
abstract: METHODS
  This study was designed to investigate the effects of oxidant and antioxidant treatment, as well as regular exercise, on neurotrophin levels in the spinal cord of rats.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a role in neurodegenerative diseases, but ROS at moderate levels could stimulate biochemical processes through redox-sensitive transcription.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exercised or sedentary animals were injected subcutaneously with hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), N-tert butyl-alpha-phenyl nitrone (PBN) or saline for the last 2 weeks of a 10-week experimental period to challenge redox balance. Free radical (FR) concentration was evaluated in the spinal cord by electron spin resonance, protein carbonyls, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) levels and the mRNA expression of BDNF receptor and tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrKB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Research Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise or PBN decreased the concentration of FR, whereas the carbonyl content did not change. BDNF was significantly decreased in exercised sham and sedentary PBN-treated groups, and its content correlated with the level of FR. GDNF was significantly increased in sedentary H(2)O(2)-treated groups. No differences were observed in TrkB mRNA expression among groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that regular exercise alone and PBN in sedentary animals can successfully decrease FR levels in the spinal cord. Redox alteration seems to affect the levels of GDNF and BDNF, which might have clinical consequences, as neurotrophins play an important role in cellular resistance and regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Institute of Sport Science, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siamilis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jakus
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nyakas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mihalik
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falus
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Radak
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D005609:Free Radicals; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D016877:Oxidants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C029217:phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide