title: Patient dose evaluation by means of DICOM images for a direct radiography system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this work was to evaluate the statistical distribution of patient dose for different examinations by using the data stored in a DICOM image archive of a direct digital radiography system.
  
  
  METHODS
  An automatic procedure to extract dose data and exposure parameters from the image archives was implemented. During a 4.5-month period, 8,292 images were collected. Exposure parameters and the air kerma area product (P (KA)) stored in the image DICOM header were examined for each image. The entrance surface air kerma (K (a,e)), a quantity comparable to the current diagnostic reference levels (DRL), was estimated considering the P (KA) and the geometric parameters of each examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  P (KA) and K (a,e ) distributions showed highly variable values. The obtained K (a,e ) values were substantially lower than the DRL. DRL were more than six times the mean value of K (a,e ) distribution for the abdomen anteroposterior (AP) and lumbar spine lateral (LAT) projections, whereas the ratio was equal to 2.7 for posteroanterior (PA) chest examinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method adopted proved to be effective for characterising the dose of each examination by means of the statistical analysis of the dose quantities over extensive samples. The dose values obtained and the comparison with the DRL showed that this radiographic device allows substantial dose savings compared with estimations made for nondigital or for phosphor-based systems.
authors.affiliation: Struttura Complessa Fisica Sanitaria I, Ospedale San Giovanni Battista, Corso Bramante 88/90, 10126 Torino, Italy. orampado@molinette.piemonte.it
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rampado
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zatteri
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Escoffier
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Lucchi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ropolo
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D016008:Statistical Distributions