Is there a role for second-look capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure GI bleeding after a nondiagnostic first test?
BACKGROUND
Long-term follow-up data on patients with obscure GI bleeding subjected to capsule endoscopy (CE) are missing.


OBJECTIVE
Our purpose was to follow up patients with a nondiagnostic test and determine whether a second-look CE would be beneficial.


METHODS
We enrolled 293 subjects. CE studies were classified as diagnostic (positive findings) or nondiagnostic (findings of uncertain significance/no findings). Patients were followed up for a mean (SD) 24.8 (5.2) months. Outcome was defined as continued or complete resolution of bleeding.


METHODS
Patients with a nondiagnostic test were subjected to a repeat CE if they manifested a new bleeding episode or a drop in hemoglobin >or=2 g/dL.


RESULTS
Positive findings, findings of uncertain significance, and no findings were identified in 41.6%, 16.0%, and 42.3% of our patients, respectively. Therapeutic intervention was possible in 72.1% of those with positive findings and in 30% of those with findings of uncertain significance. Complete resolution of bleeding occurred more often in patients with a diagnostic test (65.2%) compared with those with a nondiagnostic test (35.4%, P < .001). Second-look CE was performed in a subgroup of our patients (n = 76) and was diagnostic in those whose presentation changed from occult to overt or those whose hemoglobin dropped >or=4 g/dL.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with obscure GI bleeding, a diagnostic CE leads to therapeutic interventions and a favorable outcome. Patients with a nondiagnostic test would definitely benefit from a second-look CE if the bleeding presentation changes from occult to overt or if the hemoglobin value drops >or=4 g/dL.
Viazis
Nikos
N
Second Department of Gastroenterology, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece. Nikos.Viazis@gmail.com
Papaxoinis
Kostis
K
Vlachogiannakos
John
J
Efthymiou
Alkiviadis
A
Theodoropoulos
Ioannis
I
Karamanolis
Dimitrios G
DG
D053704:Capsule Endoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results