[Type 1 Arnold Chiari malformation, syringomielia, syringobulbia and IV ventricle entrapment].
Arnold-Chiari Malformation (ACM) was first described by Hans Chiari in 1890. Four types of this malformation are recognized, of those, type I is the most common among adults. It is caused by an elongation of the cerebellum into the conic projections that accompany the brain stem within the spinal channel. It is mostly congenital but "acquired" forms can be seen in the context of infections or posterior fossa tumors. Clinically, it can present as an asymptomatic finding, but it can produce brain stem compression. Syringomielia--cavitation of the brain stem central areas--is associated with MAC type I in 75 to 85% of cases. Clinical signs include pain, weakness, extremity parestesia. A shunt to the lateral ventricles can produce IV ventricle entrapment and is associated with cerebrospinal fluid blockage. We describe a case of MAC type I associated with the presence of syringomielia, syringobulbia and IV ventricle entrapment.
Carrillo-Esper
Raúl
R
Unidad de Terapia Intensiva, Fundación Clínica Médica Sur, México DF, México. seconcapcma@mail.medinet.net.mx
Vázquez-Elizondo
Genaro
G
Gutiérrez-Delgado
Linda G
LG
Guevara-Arnal
Luis
L
Méndez-Sánchez
Nahum
N
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000328:Adult; D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001933:Brain Stem; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013595:Syringomyelia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*