title: Demographic effects of canine parvovirus on a free-ranging wolf population over 30 years.
abstract: We followed the course of canine parvovirus (CPV) antibody prevalence in a subpopulation of wolves (Canis lupus) in northeastern Minnesota from 1973, when antibodies were first detected, through 2004. Annual early pup survival was reduced by 70%, and wolf population change was related to CPV antibody prevalence. In the greater Minnesota population of 3,000 wolves, pup survival was reduced by 40-60%. This reduction limited the Minnesota wolf population rate of increase to about 4% per year compared with increases of 16-58% in other populations. Because it is young wolves that disperse, reduced pup survival may have caused reduced dispersal and reduced recolonization of new range in Minnesota.
authors.affiliation: US Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, North Dakota 58401-7317, USA. david_mech@usgs.gov
authors.forename: L David
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Mech
authors.forename: Sagar M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Wesley E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Newton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000254:growth & development / Q000821:virology; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000821:virology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D017993:Parvovirus, Canine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D019596:Wolves / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral