title: A human ferritin iron oxide nano-composite magnetic resonance contrast agent.
abstract: Macrophages play important roles in the immunological defense system, but at the same time they are involved in inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. Therefore, imaging macrophages is critical to assessing the status of these diseases. Toward this goal, a recombinant human H chain ferritin (rHFn)-iron oxide nano composite has been investigated as an MRI contrast agent for labeling macrophages. Iron oxide nanoparticles in the form of magnetite (or maghemite) with narrow size distribution were synthesized in the interior cavity of rHFn. The composite material exhibited the R(2) relaxivity comparable to known iron oxide MRI contrast agents. Furthermore, the mineralized protein cages are readily taken up by macrophages in vitro and provide significant T2* signal loss of the labeled cells. These results encourage further investigation into the development of the rHFn-iron oxide contrast agent to assess inflammatory disease status such as macrophage-rich atherosclerotic plaques in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59715, USA.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terashima
authors.forename: Charles H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: Yoriyasu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Willits
authors.forename: Ann F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Willis
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: Michael V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Douglas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D005293:Ferritins / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C000499:ferric oxide; D005293:Ferritins