After-effects of goal shifting and response inhibition: a comparison of the stop-change and dual-task paradigms.
In the present study, we tested three hypotheses that account for after-effects of response inhibition and goal shifting: the goal-shifting hypothesis, the reaction time (RT) adjustment hypothesis, and the stimulus-goal association hypothesis. To distinguish between the hypotheses, we examined performance in the stop-change paradigm and the dual-task paradigm. In the stop-change paradigm, we found that responding on no-signal trials slowed down when a stop-change signal was presented on the previous trial. Similarly, in the dual-task paradigm, we found that responding on no-signal trials slowed down when a dual-task signal was presented on the previous trial. However, aftereffects of unsuccessful inhibition or dual-task performance were observed only when the stimulus of the previous trial was repeated. These results are consistent with stimulus--goal association hypothesis, which assumes that the stimulus is associated with the different task goals on signal trials; when the stimulus is repeated, the tasks goal are retrieved, and interference occurs.
Verbruggen
Frederick
F
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA. frederick.verbruggen@ugent.be
Logan
Gordon D
GD
D001307:Auditory Perception; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D011930:Reaction Time; D014796:Visual Perception