title: Diet-induced metabolic disturbances as modulators of brain homeostasis.
abstract: A number of metabolic disturbances occur in response to the consumption of a high fat western diet. Such metabolic disturbances can include the progressive development of hyperglycemia, hyperinsulemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Cumulatively, diet-induced disturbances in metabolism are known to promote increased morbidity and negatively impact life expectancy through a variety of mechanisms. While the impact of metabolic disturbances on the hepatic, endocrine, and cardiovascular systems is well established there remains a noticeable void in understanding the basis by which the central nervous system (CNS) becomes altered in response to diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. In particular, it remains to be fully elucidated which established features of diet-induced pathogenesis (observed in non-CNS tissues) are recapitulated in the brain, and identification as to whether the observed changes in the brain are a direct or indirect effect of peripheral metabolic disturbances. This review will focus on each of these key issues and identify some critical experimental questions which remain to be elucidated experimentally, as well as provide an outline of our current understanding for how diet-induced alterations in metabolism may impact the brain during aging and age-related diseases of the nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Pennington Biomedical Research Center/Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808-4124, USA.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Annadora J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bruce-Keller
authors.forename: Kalavathi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dasuri
authors.forename: Anh Thao
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jeffrey N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003704:Dementia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats