Linking the cellular functions of BRCA genes to cancer pathogenesis and treatment.
Single-gene disorders that predispose to cancer afford a unique window into the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. I argue that the instability in chromosome structure and number provoked by inactivation of the breast cancer-susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 arises from the distinct functions served by their products in DNA repair or mitosis, explains many features of cancer pathogenesis in this setting, and has important implications for treatment. The chromosomal instability model proposed here suggests a conceptual framework for the connections between chromosomal aberrations and cancer.
Venkitaraman
Ashok R
AR
Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, and the Medical Research Council Cancer Cell Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Center, Cambridge, UK. arv@hutchison-mrc.cam.ac.uk
D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D024682:BRCA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D043171:Chromosomal Instability; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C118024:BLID protein, human; D019313:BRCA1 Protein; C492913:BRCA1 protein, human; D024682:BRCA2 Protein; C551750:BRCA2 protein, human