Induction of apoptosis in HT-29 colon cancer cells by crude saponin from Platycodi Radix.
This study examined the apoptotic effects of crude saponins acquired from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum (SPR) in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. SPR decreased HT-29 cell proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manners by inducing apoptosis via DNA fragmentation and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. The apoptosis induced by SPR was associated with the activation of initiator caspases-8 and -9, as well as the effector caspase-3. SPR stimulated Bid cleavage, indicating that the apoptotic action of caspase-8-mediated Bid cleavage leads to the activation of caspase-9. SPR increased the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein, Bax, and decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. SPR also increased the expression of the caspase-independent mitochondrial apoptosis factor, AIF, in HT-29 cells. These results indicate that SPR inhibits HT-29 cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis, which may be mediated via both caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
Kim
Jae-Yong
JY
Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
Park
Kyoung-Wuk
KW
Moon
Kwang-Deog
KD
Lee
Mi-Kyung
MK
Choi
Jina
J
Yee
Sung-Tae
ST
Shim
Ki-Hwan
KH
Seo
Kwon-Il
KI
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D031238:Platycodon / Q000737:chemistry*; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D012503:Saponins; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D020169:Caspases