title: Weak but uniform enrichment of the histone variant macroH2A1 along the inactive X chromosome.
abstract: We studied the enrichment and distribution of the histone variant mH2A1 in the condensed inactive X (Xi) chromosome. By using highly specific antibodies against mH2A1 and stable HEK 293 cell lines expressing either green fluorescent protein (GFP)-mH2A1 or GFP-H2A, we found that the Xi chromosome contains approximately 1.5-fold more mH2A1 than the autosomes. To determine the in vivo distribution of mH2A1 along the X chromosome, we used a native chromatin immunoprecipitation-on-chip technique. DNA isolated from mH2A1-immunoprecipitated nucleosomes from either male or female mouse liver were hybridized to tiling microarrays covering 5 kb around most promoters or the entire X chromosome. The data show that mH2A1 is uniformly distributed across the entire Xi chromosome. Interestingly, a stronger mH2A1 enrichment along the pseudoautosomal X chromosome region was observed in both sexes. Our results indicate a potential role for macroH2A in large-scale chromosome structure and genome stability.
authors.affiliation: Institut Albert Bonniot, INSERM/UJF-U823, Site Santé-BP 170, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Flore
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mietton
authors.forename: Aditya K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sengupta
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molla
authors.forename: Gisele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Picchi
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barral
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heliot
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grange
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wutz
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dimitrov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D021381:Protein Transport; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000378:metabolism*; D049951:X Chromosome Inactivation
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes