title: Immunohistochemical detection and localization of somatostatin receptor subtypes in prostate tissue from patients with bladder outlet obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Scant information on the cellular distribution of the five somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes in the normal prostate and in neoplasms of the prostate has been reported in very few studies in which techniques, such as in situ hybridization histochemistry, autoradiography, and more recently immunohistochemistry, have been applied. The aim of the study was to examine immunohistochemically the distribution and localization of these 5 subtypes in the various tissue components in normal prostate.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in 14 surgical specimens of normal prostate tissue from adenomectomy specimens from patients with bladder outlet obstruction. The distribution and localization of the 5 somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtypes was investigated with an immunohistochemical technique. Specificity of the antibodies against the 5 receptor subtypes was preliminarily investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Close to 90% of secretory cells showed a weak positivity in the cytoplasm, the proportion ranging from 86.3% (SSTR4) to 89.9% (SSTR5). Strong immunoreactivity was seen in a small proportion of cells, ranging from 0.8% (SSTR3) to 3.2% (SSTR1). For the subtypes 1 and 3 the greatest proportion of basal cells showed a moderate intensity (42.5 and 41.4%, respectively), strong immunoreactivity being observed only in 18.1 and 15.8% of cells, respectively. For the subtypes 2, 4 and 5, the majority of cells showed a weak intensity (72.3, 65.7 and 65.1%, respectively). Subtype 1 showed a strong immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm in 60% of the smooth muscle cells. With subtypes 2, 3 and 4 the greatest proportion of cells showed a weak intensity (63.4, 89.8 and 81.7%, respectively). With the subtype 5 the majority of cells (59.8%) were negative. Subtype 1 showed a strong immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm in 98.6% of the endothelial cells. With subtypes 3 and 4 the greatest proportion of cells showed a weak intensity (73.5 and 56.4%, respectively). With the subtype 2 and 5 the majority of cells were negative (59.1 and 50.7%, respectively).
authors.affiliation: Section of Pathological Anatomy, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, School of Medicine, United Hospitals, Ancona, Italy. r.montironi@univpm.it
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montironi
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazzucchelli
authors.forename: Doriana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morichetti
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stramazzotti
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santinelli
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moroncini
authors.forename: Andrea B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Galosi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muzzonigro
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Comeri
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lovisolo
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cosciani-Cunico
authors.forename: Aldo V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Bono
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin; C103631:somatostatin receptor 3; C098681:somatostatin receptor subtype-4; C101130:somatostatin receptor type 1; C094573:somatostatin receptor 5; C093733:somatostatin receptor 2