[Complete (R0) resection is the only valid prognostic factor in abdominoperineal resection for recurrent cancer of the anal canal (a consecutive series of 95 patients)].
BACKGROUND
When radiation therapy fails to control cancer of the anal canal, the only therapeutic alternative is salvage abdomino-perineal resection (APR). Its role remains debatable since very few long-term survivals have been reported. No prognostic factors have yet been identified in the limited series of reported cases.


METHODS
95 APR's performed over a 20 year period are reviewed and analyzed.


RESULTS
Median follow-up was 5.5 years. Only one prognostic factor was identified: an R0 resection (n=76) versus either R1 (n=9) or R2 (n=9) resection. Median survival for R0 APR was more than 10 years versus 1 year for R1 and R2 resections (p=0.001). There was no prognostic difference between salvage APR for disease progression (n=55) or for late recurrence (n=40). The sub-group of women<45 years of age (n=5) had a particularly poor prognosis with no survivors beyond 2 years.


CONCLUSIONS
When anal cancer recurs after radiation therapy, a salvage APR is indicated. If an R0 resection can be achieved, median survival is greater than 10 years. However, the justification for APR when only an R1 or R2 resection can be achieved is much less clear; in such cases there was no survival beyond 3 years.
Rouquie
D
D
Département de chirurgie oncologique, Institut Gustave-Roussy - Villejuif.
Lasser
P
P
Castaing
M
M
Boige
V
V
Goéré
D
D
Pignon
J-P
JP
Ducreux
M
M
Elias
D
D
Pocard
M
M
D000005:Abdomen; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery*; D010502:Perineum; D011379:Prognosis; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors