Francisella tularensis: an arthropod-borne pathogen.
Arthropod transmission of tularemia occurs throughout the northern hemisphere. Few pathogens show the adaptability of Francisella tularensis to such a wide array of arthropod vectors. Nonetheless, arthropod transmission of F. tularensis was last actively investigated in the first half of the 20th century. This review will focus on arthropod transmission to humans with respect to vector species, modes of transmission, geographic differences and F. tularensis subspecies and clades.
Petersen
Jeannine M
JM
Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Disease, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Ft. Collins, CO 80521, USA. nzp0@cdc.gov
Mead
Paul S
PS
Schriefer
Martin E
ME
D000818:Animals; D001179:Arthropod Vectors / Q000382:microbiology*; D001181:Arthropods / Q000382:microbiology*; D005604:Francisella tularensis / Q000502:physiology*; D014406:Tularemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology