title: Treatment recommendations for psoriatic arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop comprehensive recommendations for the treatment of the various clinical manifestations of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) based on evidence obtained from a systematic review of the literature and from consensus opinion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Formal literature reviews of treatment for the most significant discrete clinical manifestations of PsA (skin and nails, peripheral arthritis, axial disease, dactylitis and enthesitis) were performed and published by members of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA). Treatment recommendations were drafted for each of the clinical manifestations by rheumatologists, dermatologists and PsA patients based on the literature reviews and consensus opinion. The level of agreement for the individual treatment recommendations among GRAPPA members was assessed with an online questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment recommendations were developed for peripheral arthritis, axial disease, psoriasis, nail disease, dactylitis and enthesitis in the setting of PsA. In rotal, 19 recommendations were drafted, and over 80% agreement was obtained on 16 of them. In addition, a grid that factors disease severity into each of the different disease manifestations was developed to help the clinician with treatment decisions for the individual patient from an evidenced-based perspective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment recommendations for the cardinal physical manifestations of PsA were developed based on a literature review and consensus between rheumatologists and dermatologists. In addition, a grid was established to assist in therapeutic reasoning and decision making for individual patients. It is anticipated that periodic updates will take place using this framework as new data become available.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Research Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 695, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. christopher_ritchlin@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ritchlin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kavanaugh
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Gladman
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Mease
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Helliwell
authors.forename: W-H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Boehncke
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: de Vlam
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fiorentino
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: McHugh
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nash
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015535:Arthritis, Psoriatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha