title: Synthesis and degradation of nucleic acid components by formamide and iron sulfur minerals.
abstract: We describe the one-pot synthesis of a large panel of nucleic bases and related compounds from formamide in the presence of iron sulfur and iron-copper sulfur minerals as catalysts. The major products observed are purine, 1H-pyrimidinone, isocytosine, adenine, 2-aminopurine, carbodiimide, urea, and oxalic acid. Isocytosine and 2-aminopurine may recognize natural nucleobases by Watson-Crick and reverse Watson-Crick interactions, thus suggesting novel scenarios for the origin of primordial nucleic acids. Since the major problem in the origin of informational polymers is the instability of their precursors, we also investigate the effects of iron sulfur and iron-copper sulfur minerals on the stability of ribooligonucleotides in formamide and in water. All of the iron sulfur and iron-copper sulfur minerals stimulated degradation of RNA. The relevance of these findings with respect to the origin of informational polymers is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Agrobiologia ed Agrochimica, Università della Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy. saladino@unitus.it
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saladino
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Crestini
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Costanzo
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graciotti
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Mauro
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D005559:Formamides / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D005559:Formamides; D008903:Minerals; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D014867:Water; D013455:Sulfur; D003300:Copper; D007501:Iron