title: Infection with Parvovirus B19 and Herpes viruses in early pregnancy and risk of second trimester miscarriage or very preterm birth.
abstract: We investigated whether infections with Parvovirus B19 and Herpes viruses in early pregnancy increase risks of second trimester miscarriage or delivery before 32 gestational weeks. Blood samples taken in early pregnancy were analyzed for Parvovirus B19 or Herpes viruses. Viremia was found in blood samples of 11 (4.7%) women with second trimester miscarriage and 10 (3.7%) women with very preterm birth, compared to 5 (1.7%) women who delivered at term, corresponding to adjusted odds ratios [95% CI] of 3.32 [0.93, 11.8] and 2.21 [0.71, 6.84], respectively. In stratified analyses, Parvovirus B19 viremia was associated with adjusted odds ratios of 3.76 [0.77, 18.3] for second trimester miscarriage and 2.66 [0.64, 11.1] for very preterm birth. Corresponding odds ratios for Human Herpes virus 6 viremia was 2.52 [0.33, 19.5] and 1.08 [0.14, 8.08], respectively. In conclusion, this study lends some support to the hypothesis that women with viremia in early pregnancy may face an increased risk of second trimester miscarriage or very preterm birth. Studies with larger sample sizes are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buchmayer
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harlid
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iliadou
authors.forename: Malin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sjöholm
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grillner
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Norman
authors.forename: Pär
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sparén
authors.forename: Joakim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dillner
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cnattingius
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human; D006801:Humans; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000209:etiology*; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000150:complications*