Protective effects of glycyrrhizin in a gut hypoxia (ischemia)-reoxygenation (reperfusion) model.
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the effects of glycyrrhizin, a potent antioxidant, on tissue injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of the gut.


METHODS
I/R injury of the intestine was caused by clamping both the superior mesenteric artery and the celiac trunk for 45 min followed by release of the clamp allowing reperfusion for 1 or 6 h.


RESULTS
Administration of glycyrrhizin, significantly reduced the (a) fall of mean arterial blood pressure, (b) mortality rate, (c) myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, (d) production of pro-inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)], (e) histological evidence of gut injury, (f) immunoreactivity of nitrotyrosine, (g) poly ADP-ribose (PAR) formation, (h) the expression of ICAM-1 and P-selectin, (i) activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and (j) signal transducer and activator transcription-3 (STAT-3) induced by splanchnic artery occlusion-reperfusion shock.


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that glycyrrhizin exerts multiple protective effects in splanchnic artery occlusion-reperfusion shock.
Di Paola
Rosanna
R
IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Messina, Italy.
Menegazzi
Marta
M
Mazzon
Emanuela
E
Genovese
Tiziana
T
Crisafulli
Concetta
C
Dal Bosco
Martina
M
Zou
Zhenzhen
Z
Suzuki
Hisanori
H
Cuzzocrea
Salvatore
S
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D019007:P-Selectin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; D009195:Peroxidase