title: The role of renal resistive index measures in the diagnostic work up of congenital hydronephrosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of renal resistive index (RI) measures in the diagnostic work up of congenital hydronephrosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen neonatal pigs were randomized to either left-sided partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (n=12) or sham operation (n=5) at 2 weeks of age. Serial investigations including B-mode ultrasound, RI measures and combined clearance/renographic evaluations were performed at 4, 12 and 24 weeks of age under light sedation. Results were analysed statistically, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated in order to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of RI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 15 animals completed the study protocol. In the obstructed group, hydronephrosis and significant compromise of renal function developed on the subject side, whereas sham-operated pigs had stable renal morphology and function throughout the study. There were however no significant differences in RI or DeltaRI between the two groups at any age, or between right and left RIs in the obstructed group at any point. RI and DeltaRI had no prognostic or diagnostic value as judged by ROC curve analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RI and DeltaRI were not affected by partial unilateral ureteral obstruction induced in the immature neonatal porcine kidney. The results of this study do not support the clinical use of Doppler ultrasound studies in the diagnostic work up of congenital hydronephrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. yazan@ki.au.dk
authors.forename: Yazan F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Rawashdeh
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hørlyck
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.forename: Jorgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frokiaer
authors.forename: Jens C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Djurhuus