title: An efficient impedance method for induced field evaluation based on a stabilized Bi-conjugate gradient algorithm.
abstract: This paper presents a stabilized Bi-conjugate gradient algorithm (BiCGstab) that can significantly improve the performance of the impedance method, which has been widely applied to model low-frequency field induction phenomena in voxel phantoms. The improved impedance method offers remarkable computational advantages in terms of convergence performance and memory consumption over the conventional, successive over-relaxation (SOR)-based algorithm. The scheme has been validated against other numerical/analytical solutions on a lossy, multilayered sphere phantom excited by an ideal coil loop. To demonstrate the computational performance and application capability of the developed algorithm, the induced fields inside a human phantom due to a low-frequency hyperthermia device is evaluated. The simulation results show the numerical accuracy and superior performance of the method.
authors.affiliation: School of Information Technology & Electric Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crozier
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000295:instrumentation; D008954:Models, Biological; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging