title: [Pain-related disability in adolescents suffering from chronic pain. Preliminary examination of the Pediatric Pain Disability Index (P-PDI)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pain-related disability affects many children and adolescents suffering from chronic pain and may exert an impact on all areas of their lives. Reduction of pain-related disability is, therefore, a fundamental aim of treatment; however, no validated means exist to assess pain-related disability in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to translate the Pediatric Pain Disability Index (P-PDI) of Varni into German and to investigate its psychometric qualities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Principal component and item analyses were conducted on outpatient (n=163) and inpatient samples (n=167) of adolescents suffering from chronic pain. Changes in pain-related disability 3 months after starting treatment were analysed in an outpatient sample of 110 adolescents. Correlations between pain-related disability, emotional variables and school absence as well as concordance with parents' ratings were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The P-PDI is a one-dimensional assessment tool with sufficient reliability. There were significant correlations between pain-related disability and pain intensity and school absence but not with pain duration, fear and depression. Parents and adolescents ratings correlated significantly, but 57% of parents underestimated the pain-related disability of their children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is now a validated German version of the P-PDI to measure pain-related disability in adolescents suffering from chronic pain, which can be used in studies investigating treatment effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Vodafone Stiftungsinstitut für Kinderschmerztherapie und Pädiatrische Palliativmedizin, Vestische Kinder- und Jugendklinik Datteln, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Dr.-Friedrich-Steiner-Str. 5, 45711 Datteln, Deutschland.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hübner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hechler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dobe
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Damschen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kosfelder
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Denecke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zernikow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012008:Recurrence