title: Circulating cytokines after hip and knee arthroplasty: a preliminary study.
abstract: Several studies show cytokine concentrations in the peripheral blood are associated with inflammatory activity and surgical trauma. Cytokine concentrations have more rapid increase and quicker return to normal values than either C-reactive protein or erythrocyte sedimentation rate - a matter of hours rather than weeks; some studies suggest they are better predictors of postoperative infection than C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Threshold levels of interleukin-6 after joint arthroplasty have been determined, but levels of other potentially useful cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-8, interleukin-10, etc) are not known. We measured the serum levels of 25 different cytokines before and after hip and knee arthroplasties and identified those associated with surgical trauma. Peripheral venous blood samples (one preoperative and three postoperative) from 49 patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty were analyzed by laser chromatography. Three of the 25 cytokines had a relationship with postsurgical trauma, which included one deep infection. Serum levels of these three cytokines might be useful to identify periprosthetic infections during the early postoperative period when C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate remain elevated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level II, prognostic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, UK. bonecutter@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Kalpesh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Aslam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Sanjeev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Angus
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McFadyen
authors.forename: R M D
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Meek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines