Excessive daytime sleepiness of the Brazilian emperor Dom Pedro II probably due to sleep apnea syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
To show that the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) was the probable cause of D. Pedro II's excessive daytime sleepiness.


METHODS
Research of historical documents and bibliographical.


RESULTS
The excessive daytime sleepiness of D. Pedro II (1825-1891) was well known and bitterly criticized behavior by oppositionist magazines; it was also recognized by his peers. He would fall asleep in public places such as the theater and while attending lectures. As a youth, he was of normal complexion, putting on weight (obesity) at middle years.


CONCLUSIONS
The possibility of this diagnosis is particularly relevant in this case because it points to an organic cause for D. Pedro II daytime naps and excessive daytime sleepiness. It could be the result of OSAS and not "disinterest" as erroneously assumed at that time.
Reimão
Rubens
R
Division of Clinical Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. reimaorubensneuro@yahoo.com
Gomes
Marleide da Mota
Mda M
Maranhão-Filho
Péricles
P
D001938:Brazil; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000209:etiology / Q000266:history*; D005197:Famous Persons; D049672:History, 19th Century; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000266:history*