Innate immunity and myocardial adaptation to ischemia.
Myocardial adaptation to ischemia in the form of ischemic preconditioning is clinically attractive, but not directly usable until molecular mimics are discovered. A growing body of evidence indicates that events underlying myocardial adaptation to ischemia may either involve, or be parallel to, signaling of the innate immune response. Preconditioning-like protection of the heart can be evoked through giving cytokines or fragments of bacterial walls. A possible role for cytokines, toll-like receptors, and nuclear factor kappa B for evoking ischemic preconditioning are discussed. Through stimulating innate immunity, there is potential to bring preconditioning into the clinics in a reasonable time frame. The possibility that the underlying protective response may involve adaptive immunity through danger signaling is briefly reviewed.
Valeur
Hanne Støre
HS
Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway.
Valen
Guro
G
D000064:Acclimatization; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial / Q000009:adverse effects; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000502:physiology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology
D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha