title: Cytotoxicity evaluation of four endodontic sealers.
abstract: This study evaluated in vitro the cytotoxicity of four root canal sealers (Topseal, EndoRez, TubliSeal and Kerr Pulp Canal Sealer E.W.T.) and their effects on reactive oxygen/nitrogen intermediate induction by mouse peritoneal macrophages. Thioglycollate-induced cells were obtained from Swiss mice by peritoneal lavage with 5 mL 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline, washed twice and resuspended (10(6) cells/mL) in appropriate medium for each test. Cytotoxicity was determined by the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) by the peroxidase-dependent oxidation of phenol red and Griess reaction, respectively. Sealer suspensions were obtained in two different concentrations from each material: 18 mg/mL and 9 mg/mL, established according to compatibility parameters following MTT assay. Comparing the sealers, H2O2 release at concentrations of 9 mg/mL and 18 mg/mL was similar: Topseal > positive control (medium + cells + 5 mg/mL zimozan solution) > EndoRez > TubliSeal > Kerr Pulp E.W.T. > negative control (medium + cells). NO release at concentration of 9 mg/mL was: positive control (medium + cells + 10 microg/mL LPS solution) > Topseal > Kerr Pulp E.W.T. > TubliSeal = EndoRez > negative control (medium + cells); at concentration of 18 mg/mL was: positive control > Topseal > Kerr Pulp E.W.T > TubliSeal > EndoRez > negative control. Based on the results, it may be concluded that Topseal presented the highest cytotoxicity among the tested sealers, releasing higher concentrations of NO and H2O2 in macrophage culture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Araraquara, State University of São Paulo, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Tadeu
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Fernanda Geraldes
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Pappen
authors.forename: Erick Miranda
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: João Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Idomeo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bonetti Filho
authors.forename: Iracilda Zepponi
authors.initials: IZ
authors.lastname: Carlos
authors.forename: Renato Toledo
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Leonardo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000032:analysis; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D016877:Oxidants / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; C481259:EndoRez; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D016877:Oxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C115110:Topseal; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C048769:tubliseal; C076543:Kerr Pulp Canal Sealer; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C022616:thiazolyl blue