title: Estimating the prevalence of schizophrenia among New Zealand Maori: a capture-recapture approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to estimate the 12 month prevalence of schizophrenia in the Maori population of New Zealand.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mental health data from two national sources were obtained for the period 2000-2003. A simple count of unique individuals with schizophrenia was used to estimate contact prevalence and a four-list capture-recapture procedure to estimate population prevalence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contact prevalence was significantly lower than the estimated population prevalence for both groups. The estimated 12 month prevalence of schizophrenia for Maori (0.97%) was significantly higher than for non-Maori (0.32%), even after adjustment for age, case under-ascertainment, and socioeconomic deprivation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of schizophrenia among Maori appears to be elevated, although limitations in diagnostic reliability and recording of ethnicity must be considered. This adds further evidence of worldwide variation in the prevalence of schizophrenia. Capture-recapture provides a reliable cost-effective alternative to epidemiological surveys for estimating the prevalence of low-prevalence disorders such as schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, Newton, Wellington, New Zealand. tai.kake@otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Tai R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Kake
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Pete
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015982:Bias; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011610:Psychosocial Deprivation; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult