[RNase L, a crucial mediator of innate immunity and other cell functions].
The 2-5A/RNase L pathway is one of the first cellular defences against viruses. RNase L is an unusual endoribonuclease which activity is strictly regulated by its binding to a small oligonucleotide, 2-5A. 2-5A itself is very unusual, consisting of a series of 5'- triphosphorylated oligoadenylates with 2'-5' bonds. But RNase L activity is not limited to viral RNA cleavage. RNase L plays a central role in innate immunity, apoptosis, cell growth and differentiation by regulating cellular RNA stability and expression. Default in its activity leads to increased susceptibility to virus infections and to tumor development. RNase L gene has been identified as HPC1 (Hereditary Prostate Cancer 1) gene. Study of RNase L variant R462Q in etiology of prostate cancer has led to the identification of the novel human retrovirus closely related to xenotropic murine leukemia viruses (MuLVs) and named XMRV.
Bisbal
Catherine
C
Inserm ERI25-EA 4202, Muscle et Pathologies, Bâtiment Crastes de Paulet, CHU Arnaud de Villeneuve, 371, avenue du Doyen Gaston Giraud, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. catherine.bisbal@inserm.fr
Salehzada
Tamim
T
D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase / Q000378:metabolism; D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D019281:Dimerization; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000502:physiology; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008322:Mammals / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009843:Oligoribonucleotides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D009843:Oligoribonucleotides; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012367:RNA, Viral; C023505:2',5'-oligoadenylate; D016899:Interferon-beta; D015088:2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase; D004722:Endoribonucleases; C031956:2-5A-dependent ribonuclease