title: Comparison of manikin versus porcine models in cricothyrotomy procedure training.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the usefulness for training of a porcine model (larynx, trachea, and pig skin) and a manikin model using a Portex cricothyrotomy kit (PCK).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective randomised crossover trial, participants in the airway workshop performed crico-thyrotomy using a PCK on the porcine and manikin models (Tracheostomy Trainer and Case). The porcine model was made with larynxes and trachea from freshly slaughtered pigs and covered with a piece of thinned pigskin stapled to a wooden board. Participants were asked to assess the following: reality of skin turgor; difficulty with skin penetration, landmark recognition and procedure; reality of the model; and preference for each model using a visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0-10 cm. The VAS scores for each model were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  49 participants were included in the study. Mean (SD) VAS scores for the reality of skin turgor, degree of difficulty with skin penetration and landmark recognition were higher with the porcine model than with the manikin model (7.0 (2.1) vs 4.7 (2.0), 6.4 (2.4) vs 3.6 (2.2), 5.1 (2.2) vs 4.2 (2.5), respectively). There was no difference between the models in the difficulty of the procedure (5.0 (2.4) vs 4.7 (3.2)). The porcine model had a higher VAS score for overall reality and preference of the model (7.1 (2.0) vs 4.8 (2.3) and 7.1 (2.0) vs 4.8 (2.2), respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The porcine model is a more useful training tool than the manikin model for cricothyrotomy with PCK because of its reality and similarity to human anatomy.
authors.affiliation: DDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003413:Cricoid Cartilage / Q000601:surgery*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000193:education*; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D008348:Manikins; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education*; D023421:Models, Animal; D013552:Swine; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods