title: Repeat pelvic osteotomy in cloacal exstrophy: applications and outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pelvic osteotomies have been shown to enhance success rates for classic exstrophy patients when closed primarily or secondarily after initial failure. Primary closure of cloacal exstrophy also benefits from osteotomy but this has yet to be shown for re-closure of cloacal exstrophy failures. This study looks at the applications, complications, and long-term success rates in this very select group of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We extracted from an institutionally approved exstrophy database 15 patients who had undergone repeat pelvic osteotomy and analyzed patient history, complications and orthopedic outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients who underwent reclosure at our institution remain closed. Major complications were seen in two patients and minor complications in four patients. Urinary continence was achieved in 10 patients with augmentation and continent stoma formation, urinary diversion was performed in two patients and three patients await a continence procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeat pelvic osteotomy in cloacal exstrophy is successful and the complication rate is low. Pelvic osteotomy is associated with enhanced success rates of primary and secondary closure with better cosmesis of the abdominal wall and genitalia. Intrasymphyseal plates along with gradual reduction of the extreme diastasis utitlizing an external fixation device can be beneficial prior to further genitourinary surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 149 Marburg, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: R Brandon
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Schartz
authors.forename: Jeremy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: J Todd
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Purves
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Sponseller
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gearhart