title: Fundamental locomotive activity time efficiency with differently positioning drive-axis wheelchairs among elders.
abstract: This study examined time efficiency in wheelchair locomotive activities among four different wheelchairs propelled by elders with arms and/or legs. Sixteen elder manual wheelchair users propelled her/his own wheelchair and three wheelchairs (the main drive-axis wheels positioning in front, middle, and rear, respectively) in the test of seven wheelchair locomotive activities of daily living. A Mixed-Model ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test (p < .05) were employed to determine the time efficiency among four wheelchairs and three groups. The results demonstrated better time efficiency resulted from propelling the mid drive-axis and/or rear drive-axis wheelchairs; using arms and legs simultaneously propelling wheelchairs was more time efficient than using the arms or legs only in the selected locomotive activities.
authors.affiliation: Physical Therapy Department, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA. ywang2@gsu.edu
authors.forename: Yong Tai
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Randy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Clint
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cope
authors.forename: Li-Shan
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Weerawat
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Limroongreungrat
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sprigle
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004526:Efficiency; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D014910:Wheelchairs