title: Atypical furunculosis vaccines for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua); vaccine efficacy and antibody responses.
abstract: Atypical furunculosis caused by atypical Aeromonas salmonicida, is an emerging problem in farming of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Norway, and vaccines are needed. Atypical A. salmonicida comprises a heterogeneous group of bacteria differing in surface antigens such as the A-layer protein and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Except for one of the experimental oil-adjuvanted whole cell vaccines based on various isolates they all resulted in moderate protection. No clear correlation between vaccine efficacies and the A-protein group or LPS type of the vaccine isolates was revealed, while a correlation between efficacy and the presence of cross-reacting LPS-specific antibodies is indicated.
authors.affiliation: Nofima Marine, N-9291 Tromsø, Norway. vera.lund@nofima.no
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Jan Arne
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Arnesen
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mikkelsen
authors.forename: Kjersti
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gravningen
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Merete B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Schrøder
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D048409:Aeromonas salmonicida / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005667:Furunculosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D048389:Gadus morhua / Q000276:immunology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides