title: Either or neither, but not both: locating the effects of masked primes.
abstract: Execution of a response that has been primed by a backward-masked stimulus is inhibited (negative compatibility effect; NCE). Three experiments investigated the locus of this inhibition. Masked primes (left- or right-pointing arrows) were followed either by an arrow or a circle target. Arrow targets always required a left- or right-hand response, but the experiments differed in the response required to circles: press neither, either or both response keys (i.e. nogo, free choice and bimanual, respectively). Arrow targets showed the usual NCEs. Circle targets showed NCEs in the form of a response bias away from the primed response in the nogo and free-choice tasks; primes and targets differed on these trials, ruling out a perceptual explanation of the NCE. The bimanual task showed no such bias, suggesting that the NCE is located at a level of abstract response codes rather than specific muscle commands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. f.schlaghecken@warwick.ac.uk
authors.forename: Friederike
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schlaghecken
authors.forename: Stuart T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Klapp
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Maylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D010470:Perceptual Masking; D011930:Reaction Time