title: Parkinsonism during cyclosporine treatment in liver transplantation: an unusual case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cyclosporine (CyA) has been associated with various neurological reactions but parkinsonism is not generally recognized as a nervous system side effect. We describe herein a rare case, in that the patient developed parkinsonism with rest tremor after receiving CyA following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient was a 42-year-old man who had liver cirrhosis with hepatitis C. We performed OLT because of liver failure and started immunosuppressive therapy with CyA + methylprednisolone + CD25 antibody. Ten days after OLT, he developed parkinsonism with a rest tremor. The patient did not have a pre-existent neurological disorder, and had not received significant amounts of dopamine-blocking drugs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We administered levodopa with marked improvement. Three days after that event, the neurologist suggested the possibility of drug-induced parkinsonism. We converted the immunosuppressive drug from CyA to tacrolimus. After that, the symptom disappeared. At 75 days after OLT, he was discharged with no neurological medication and now he is completely recovered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We think that parkinsonism may be an occasional consequence of CyA because of its relation to withdrawal of the drug and the lack of another evident cause.
authors.affiliation: Division of Transplantation, Reconstruction and Endoscopic Surgery, Tohoku University, Sendai. msmsmiyagi@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyagi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekiguchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawagishi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akamatsu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimori
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satomi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007980:Levodopa; D016572:Cyclosporine