The multienzyme architecture of eukaryotic fatty acid synthases.
Eukaryotic fatty acid synthases (FASs) are huge multifunctional enzymes that carry out all enzymatic steps essential for fatty acid biosynthesis. Recent crystallographic studies provide new insights into the architecture of the two distinct eukaryotic FAS systems, the 2.6 MDa heterododecameric fungal and the 540 kDa dimeric animal FAS. In this review, we compare the fundamentally different organization of these two megasynthases and discuss the structural principles of enzyme integration and substrate shuttling in FAS multienzymes.
Leibundgut
Marc
M
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Maier
Timm
T
Jenni
Simon
S
Ban
Nenad
N
D000818:Animals; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000737:chemistry; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D006836:Hydro-Lyases / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010204:Pantetheine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014166:Transferases / Q000737:chemistry
D005656:Fungal Proteins; D010204:Pantetheine; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D014166:Transferases; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D006836:Hydro-Lyases; C003129:4'-phosphopantetheine