title: Plasmodium pre-erythrocytic stages: what's new?
abstract: The pre-erythrocytic (PE) phase of malaria infection, which extends from injection of sporozoites into the skin to the release of the first generation of merozoites, has traditionally been the 'black box' of the Plasmodium life cycle. However, since the advent of parasite transfection technology 13 years ago, our understanding of the PE phase in cellular and molecular terms has dramatically improved. Here, we review and comment on the major developments in the field in the past five years. Progress has been made in many diverse areas, including identifying and characterizing new proteins of interest, imaging parasites in vivo, understanding better the cell biology of hepatocyte infection and developing new vaccines against PE stages of the parasite.
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie et Génétique du Paludisme, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France. robert.menard@pasteur.fr
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ménard
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Heussler
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuda
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nussenzweig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D017780:Malaria Vaccines; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017780:Malaria Vaccines; D015800:Protozoan Proteins