title: The effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure before starting to smoke on cigarette quitting therapies.
abstract: We aimed to determine the effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure before starting to smoke on cigarette quitting therapies and to determine source environment/individuals for ETS exposure. 230 individuals were contacted. We investigated person/s with ETS exposure before starting to smoke, places/duration of exposure, sources of exposure, therapy methods/durations recommended. Training seminar was also assumed as a therapy method. Those who were administered nicotine replacement and/or bupropion for a minimum of one week, 169 patients who only attended the training programme were evaluated. 68 patients who stopped smoking defined as controls, 101 patients who did not were defined as cases. There was no difference between case and control groups in terms of ages at initiation of smoking, ages at initiation of regular smoking, number of cigarettes per-day, total package-year and nicotine dependence score. 218 patients were found to have ETS exposure before starting to smoke. The highest ETS exposure was determined to be indoors (85.7%) and of paternal origin (77.2%). The rates of cigarette smoke exposure of maternal origin were 32.7% in cases, 25.4% in controls (p= 0.009 OR= 2.8). The mother being a smoker was found to increase the risk of not being able to stop smoking by 2.8 times. The number of people causing ETS exposure was higher in cases compared to controls (p= 0.044). ETS exposure have negative effects on the outcomes of cigarette quitting therapies. Indoor ETS exposure is the leading source of exposure. Therefore, indoor ETS exposure should be prevented, mothers should be trained concerning this matter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey. sibelsahbaz@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahbaz
authors.forename: Oguz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kilinc
authors.forename: Turkan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gunay
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ceylan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine / Q000378:metabolism; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D009538:Nicotine