title: Benfotiamine attenuates nicotine and uric acid-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction in the rat.
abstract: The study has been designed to investigate the effect of benfotiamine, a thiamine derivative, in nicotine and uric acid-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) in rats. Nicotine (2 mg kg(-1)day(-1), i.p., 4 weeks) and uric acid (150 mg kg(-1)day(-1), i.p., 3 weeks) were administered to produce VED in rats. The development of VED was assessed by employing isolated aortic ring preparation and estimating serum and aortic concentration of nitrite/nitrate. Further, the integrity of vascular endothelium was assessed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of thoracic aorta. Moreover, the oxidative stress was assessed by estimating serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and aortic superoxide anion generation. The administration of nicotine and uric acid produced VED by impairing the integrity of vascular endothelium and subsequently decreasing serum and aortic concentration of nitrite/nitrate and attenuating acetylcholine-induced endothelium dependent relaxation. Further, nicotine and uric acid produced oxidative stress, which was assessed in terms of increase in serum TBARS and aortic superoxide generation. However, treatment with benfotiamine (70 mg kg(-1)day(-1), p.o.) or atorvastatin (30 mg kg(-1)day(-1) p.o., a standard agent) markedly prevented nicotine and uric acid-induced VED and oxidative stress by improving the integrity of vascular endothelium, increasing the concentration of serum and aortic nitrite/nitrate, enhancing the acetylcholine-induced endothelium dependent relaxation and decreasing serum TBARS and aortic superoxide anion generation. Thus, it may be concluded that benfotiamine reduces the oxidative stress and consequently improves the integrity of vascular endothelium and enhances the generation of nitric oxide to prevent nicotine and uric acid-induced experimental VED.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Pharmacology Division, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga 142001, Punjab, India. pbala2006@gmail.com
authors.forename: Pitchai
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Balakumar
authors.forename: Ramica
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Manjeet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009538:Nicotine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000633:toxicity*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013831:Thiamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000652:urine; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D011758:Pyrroles; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D013481:Superoxides; D009599:Nitroprusside; D014527:Uric Acid; D009538:Nicotine; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D013831:Thiamine; C013835:benphothiamine