Nanofabrication of plasmonic structures.
This review focuses on nanofabrication tools, based on soft lithography, which can generate a wide range of noble-metal structures with exceptional optical properties. These techniques offer a scalable and practical approach for producing arrays of complementary plasmonic structures (nanoholes and nanoparticles) and, in addition, expand the possible architectures of plasmonic materials because the metal building blocks can be organized over multiple length scales. We describe the preparation and characterization of five different systems: subwavelength nanohole arrays, finite arrays of nanoholes, microscale arrays of nanoholes, multiscale arrays of nanoparticles, and pyramidal particles. We also discuss how the surface plasmon resonances of these structures can be tuned across visible and near-infrared wavelengths by varying different parameters. Applications and future prospects of these nanostructured metals are addressed.
Henzie
Joel
J
Department of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
Lee
Jeunghoon
J
Lee
Min Hyung
MH
Hasan
Warefta
W
Odom
Teri W
TW
D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013057:Spectrum Analysis