title: New thermoreversible liquid embolic agent for embolotherapy: technical report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate potential feasibility of new liquid embolic agent, thermoreversible gelation polymer (TGP), for embolotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  TGP is a liquid polymer that was originally developed as a cell culture medium for tissue engineering. TGP becomes liquid at temperatures lower than the sol-gel transition temperature (TT) and becomes a gel at temperatures higher than the TT. The TT can be adjusted from 10 degrees C to 40 degrees C, allowing gelation at body temperature without solvent. The renal arteries in six swine were embolized with TGP. Angiographic evaluations were obtained 0, 3 h, and 14 days after embolization. The animals were sacrificed at day 14 after angiogram.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All renal arteries were successfully embolized with TGP using cooling catheter. No acute and chronic clinical complication was observed. Follow-up angiogram demonstrated complete or near complete occlusion of renal arteries. No untoward inflammatory response was observed in acute and chronic specimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This embolic material has potential feasibility to be used in the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations, aneurysms, or hyper vascular tumors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endovascular Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. takao@jikei.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takao
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebara
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saguchi
authors.forename: Koreaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vinuela
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D012996:Solutions; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D006490:Hemostatics; D012996:Solutions