title: Opposite effects of two resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) tetramers, vitisin A and hopeaphenol, on apoptosis of myocytes isolated from adult rat heart.
abstract: It has been reported that resveratrol (trans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) from Vitis plants has various cardioprotective effects. Vitis plants also include various resveratrol tetramers. The aim of our study is to clarify the pharmacological properties of resveratrol tetramers. We isolated two resveratrol tetramers as major products of Vitis plants. One is vitisin A, a complex of two resveratrol dimers, (+)-epsilon-viniferin and ampelopsin B, and the other is hopeaphenol, composed of 2 mol ampelopsin B. Vitisin A (30-300 nM) unexpectedly dose-dependently facilitated swelling and depolarization of mitochondria and cytochrome c release from mitochondria, which are indices of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, vitisin A induced apoptosis in the primary culture of adult rat ventricular myocytes. On the other hand, hopeaphenol (1-10 microM) dose-dependently inhibited Ca(2+) (30 microM)-induced mitochondrial depolarization and cytochrome c release from mitochondria but had not affected mitochondrial swelling. Moreover, hopeaphenol inhibited vitisin A-induced apoptosis. In structural and functional studies, we further confirmed that vitisin B, one of the resveratrol tetramers having (+)-epsilon-viniferin unit, induces mitochondrial swelling and cytochrome c release from mitochondria like vitisin A and that vitisifuran A, one of the resveratrol tetramers having the ampelopsin B unit, inhibits Ca(2+)-induced cytochrome c release from mitochondria like hopeaphenol. These results show that resveratrol tetramers have at least two opposite effects on cardiomyocytes; the one having the (+)-epsilon-viniferin unit induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and the other having ampelopsin B but not (+)-epsilon-viniferin unit inhibits it.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seya
authors.forename: Kouta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanemaru
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Teruko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeo
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Motomura
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitahara
authors.forename: Masatake
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: Yoshiteru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D008933:Mitochondrial Swelling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001572:Benzofurans; D010636:Phenols; D013267:Stilbenes; C518233:hopeaphenol; C412469:vitisin A; D045304:Cytochromes c; D000077185:Resveratrol; D002118:Calcium