title: Genetic modifier loci linked to intima formation induced by low flow in the mouse carotid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previously we found dramatic strain-dependent differences in a low flow model of vascular remodeling. Specifically, intima formation in the left common carotid artery was approximately 30-fold greater in SJL compared to C3HeB/Fe (C3H/F) mice. We hypothesized that a few genes control intima formation in response to low flow. A C3H/F and SJL backcross resulted in broad range of N2 intima phenotypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using genome-wide scan we identified two highly significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for intima, Im1 (intima modifier 1 locus) on chromosome 2 (Chr2; 77.6 cM, LOD=6.4), and Im2 on Chr11 (17 cM, LOD=5.3). One significant QTL Im3 was found on Chr18 (6 cM, LOD=3.0), and two suggestive QTLs (LOD=1.5 and 1.8) were identified on Chr7 and Chr17, respectively. Interestingly, the intima/media ratio trait mapped to the same QTLs as the intima trait. Haplotype mapping predicted 40 candidate genes. Six of these genes contained SNPs that differed between C3H/F and SJL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have successfully mapped 3 QTLs (Im1, Im2, and Im3) that are associated with carotid intima formation in response to low blood flow. These results may be important in identifying genes that influence carotid intima-media thickening and predict cardiovascular disease in humans.
authors.affiliation: Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Slava_Korshunov@URMC.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Vyacheslav A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Korshunov
authors.forename: Bradford C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Berk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000235:genetics*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000502:physiology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002881:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12; D033481:Chromosomes, Mammalian; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016678:Genome; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000502:physiology*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000502:physiology