Chemically responsive nanoporous pigments: colorimetric sensor arrays and the identification of aliphatic amines.
A general method has been developed for the preparation of microspheres of nanoporous pigments, their formulation into chemically responsive pigment inks, and the printing of these inks as colorimetric sensor arrays. Using an ultrasonic-spray aerosol-gel synthesis from chemically responsive dyes and common silica precursors, 16 different nanoporous pigment microspheres have been prepared and characterized. New colorimetric sensor arrays have been created by printing inks of these chemically responsive pigments as primary sensor elements; these arrays have been successfully tested for the detection, identification, and quantitation of toxic aliphatic amines. Among 11 structurally similar amines, complete identification of each analyte without confusion was achieved using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Furthermore, visual identification of ammonia gas was easily made at the IDLH (immediately dangerous to life or health), PEL (permissible exposure limits), and 0.1 PEL concentrations with high reproducibility.
Bang
Jin Ho
JH
School of Chemical Sceinces, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Lim
Sung H
SH
Park
Erwin
E
Suslick
Kenneth S
KS
D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000379:methods*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004867:Equipment Design; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008863:Microspheres; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010858:Pigmentation; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D013499:Surface Properties; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D000588:Amines; D004396:Coloring Agents; D012822:Silicon Dioxide