title: Intradermal sterile water injections for the relief of low back pain in labour -- a systematic review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To search literature published on the administration of intradermal sterile water injections to women in labour who experience severe low back pain, and to critically evaluate the evidence for therapeutic merit.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of six randomised controlled trials from countries including Canada, Denmark, Iran, Sweden and Thailand was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant findings (p<0.0001) of relief of low back pain in labour lasting from 10 min to 2 h post-administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intradermal injections of sterile water possess powerful analgesic benefits for women experiencing low back pain in labour and their use in this therapeutic setting is justifiable.
authors.affiliation: UNSW Rural Clinical School, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia. Vikki.Fogarty@ncahs.health.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Vikki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fogarty
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007492:Iran; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013548:Sweden; D013785:Thailand; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D014867:Water