title: Degradation kinetics and safety evaluation of buprofezin residues in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) and three different soils of India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This work was undertaken to determine the preharvest interval (PHI) of buprofezin to minimize its residues in grapes and thereby ensure consumer safety and avoid possible non-compliance in terms of residue violations in export markets. Furthermore, the residue dynamics in three grapevine soils of India was explored to assess its environmental safety.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Residues dissipated following non-linear two-compartment first + first-order kinetics. In grapes, the PHI was 31 days at both treatments (312.5 and 625 g a.i. ha(-1)), with the residues below the maximum permissible intake even 1 h after foliar spraying. Random sampling of 5 kg comprising small bunchlets (8-10 berries) collected from a 1 ha area gave satisfactory homogeneity and representation of the population. A survey on the samples harvested after the PHI from supervised vineyards that received treatment at the recommended dose showed residues below the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 0.02 mg kg(-1) applicable for the European Union. In soil, the degradation rate was fastest in clay soil, followed by sandy loam and silty clay, with a half-life within 16 days in all the soils.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The recommendation of the PHI proved to be effective in minimizing buprofezin residues in grapes. Thus, this work is of high practical significance to the domestic and export grape industry of India to ensure safety compliance in respect of buprofezin residues, keeping in view the requirements of international trade.
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for Grapes, PO Manjri Farm, Pune 412 307, India.
authors.forename: Dasharath P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Oulkar
authors.forename: Kaushik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Sangram H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Ajay K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
authors.forename: Praveen B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Taware
authors.forename: Madhukar B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Deshmukh
authors.forename: Pandurang G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Adsule
mesh_terms: D007194:India; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D013829:Thiadiazines / Q000737:chemistry*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013829:Thiadiazines; C083997:buprofezin