title: Giant olfactory groove meningioma: ophthalmological and cognitive outcome after bifrontal microsurgical approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Olfactory groove meningiomas arise in the midline along the dura of the cribriform plate and may reach a large size before producing symptoms. We conducted a retrospective study of patients with these lesions focused on pre- and post-operative investigations for ophthalmological, personality and cognitive disturbances.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors reviewed 36 patients with giant olfactory groove meningiomas surgically treated via a bifrontal approach. Ophthalmological evaluation included visual acuity, fundoscopy and visual fields while psychological evaluation included a Mini-Mental State Examination. Data was collected before, 1 and 12 months after surgery. Formal pre- and post-operative ophthalmological examinations discovered visual deficits in 55.5% of the patients. Within the first month after surgery, improvement of visual acuity and of visual field deficits was observed. In post-operative neuropsychological testing, higher mental functions showed improvement. The most frequent post-operative complication was persistent rhinorrhoea in two patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results at longest follow up indicate that cognitive changes and visual deficits will improve in patients with giant olfactory groove meningiomas after a bifrontal approach, without additional neurological deficits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via O. Tommasini 13, 00162, Rome, Italy. robertogazzeri@gmail.com
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gazzeri
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galarza
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gazzeri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D035262:Cranial Fossa, Anterior / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008579:Meningioma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D020221:Optic Nerve Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control