Image integration in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.
Over the past few years, integration of different imaging modalities to guide catheter ablation procedures for atrial fibrillation has become possible. Various strategies are nowadays available that allow integration of the anatomical information provided by fluoroscopy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or intracardiac echocardiography with the information provided by electroanatomic mapping. This review discusses the different image integration techniques, and an overview of the clinical experience with these systems will be provided. In addition, factors that may affect the accuracy of the image integration process will be addressed. Finally, the effect of image integration on procedural characteristics and outcome will be reviewed.
Tops
Laurens F
LF
Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA. l.f.tops@lumc.nl
Schalij
Martin J
MJ
den Uijl
Dennis W
DW
Abraham
Theodore P
TP
Calkins
Hugh
H
Bax
Jeroen J
JJ
D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D018780:Body Surface Potential Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018511:Systems Integration