title: The Helicobacter pylori duodenal ulcer promoting gene, dupA in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prevalence of H. pylori is as high as 60-70% in Chinese population. Although duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer are both caused by H. pylori, they are at opposite ends of the spectrum and as such are considered mutually exclusive. Duodenal ulcer promoting (dupA) gene was reported to be associated with duodenal ulcer development. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dupA gene of Helicobacter pylori in patients with various gastroduodenal diseases and to explore the association between the gene and other virulence factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  H. pylori were isolated from gastric biopsies of patients with chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer (DU), gastric ulcer (GU), or non-cardia gastric carcinoma. The dupA, cagA, vacA, iceA and babA2 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Histological features of gastric mucosal biopsy specimens were graded based on the scoring system proposed by the updated Sydney system. IL-1beta polymorphism was investigated using restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Isolates from 360 patients including 133 with chronic gastritis, 101 with DU, 47 with GU, and 79 with non-cardia gastric carcinoma were examined. The dupA gene was detected in 35.3% (127/360) and the prevalence DU patients was significantly greater than that in gastric cancer or GU patients (45.5% vs. 24.1% and 23.4%, P < 0.05). Patients infected with dupA-positive strains had higher scores for chronic inflammation compared to those with dupA-negative strains (2.36 vs. 2.24, p = 0.058). The presence of dupA was not associated with the cagA, vacA, iceA and babA 2 genotypes or with IL-1beta polymorphisms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In China the prevalence of dupA gene was highest in DU and inversely related to GU and gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, PR China. zhang73715@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Zhiyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shudong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Wenzhong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002681:China; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D005756:Gastritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013270:Stomach / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C528428:DupA protein, Helicobacter pylori; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D037521:Virulence Factors