title: Identification of immunohistochemical factors that predict the synchronous or metachronous development of bladder tumors in patients with upper urinary tract tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify markers that predict the synchronous or metachronous development of bladder cancer in patients with upper urinary tract (UUT) tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 2001 and December 2005, we identified 38 consecutive patients who had been histologically diagnosed as having transitional cell carcinoma in the renal pelvis and ureter. These patients were divided into 2 groups (n = 19 per group): group 1 patients with metachronous or synchronous bladder cancer, and group 2 patients with UUT tumors only. We analyzed the differences between the 2 groups with respect to the expression of various biomarkers (p53, Rb, Ki-67, PTEN, and bcl-2) and in terms of clinical parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 2 groups differed significantly in terms of multiplicity (p = 0.029), papillary configuration (p = 0.001), the presence of lymphovascular emboli (p = 0.019), and Ki-67 overexpression (p = 0.029) in UUT tumors. Multivariate analysis revealed that Ki-67 overexpression in UUT tumor tissues significantly predicts bladder cancer development (HR 6.440; 95% CI 1.121-37.014; log rank p = 0.037).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ki-67 overexpression in UUT tumor tissues was found to be an independent predictor of the development of bladder cancer in UUT tumor patients.
authors.affiliation: Urologic Oncology Clinic, Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Joung
authors.forename: Seung Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: In Gab
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Kyung Seok
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ho Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Jinsoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Weon Seo
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Geon Kook
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kang Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000032:analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000032:analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis; D014516:Ureteral Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human