title: The association of elevated reactive oxygen species levels from neutrophils with low-grade inflammation in the elderly.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including free radicals, oxygen ions, and peroxides, are implicated in cell damage. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the spontaneous production of ROS from neutrophils changes with age and is associated with the conventional inflammatory markers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-seven elderly subjects (median age, 87, range 70-95 years) and 22 young subjects (median age, 26, range 21-37 years) participated in this study. Circulating levels of C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and heat shock protein (HSP)70 were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated ROS of neutrophils were quantified by flow cytometry. Both spontaneous ROS production and circulating levels of inflammatory markers were higher in the elderly group than in the younger group. In addition, spontaneous ROS production by neutrophils was negatively associated with HSP70 in plasma. We could not find the association between spontaneous ROS production by neutrophils and the other inflammatory markers including cytokines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that spontaneous ROS production from neutrophils may increase with age and represent the different aspect of age-associated immune dysregulation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.|Research Team for Social Participation and Health Promotion, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
authors.forename: Kishiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.|Faculty of Sports Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.|Consolidated Research Institute for Advanced Science and Medical Care, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho Sinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.affiliation: Consolidated Research Institute for Advanced Science and Medical Care, Waseda University, 513 Wasedatsurumakicho Sinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okutsu
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Human Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Social Participation and Health Promotion, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinkai