Saturated and trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease.
Dietary intake of both saturated and trans fatty acids has been associated with an increase in the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Evidence comes mainly from controlled dietary experiments with intermediate end points, such as blood lipoproteins, and from observational studies. A few small, randomized controlled trials with clinical end points have been carried out in which saturated fat was replaced with polyunsaturated fat, leading to a reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and a reduction in CHD risk. However, no such studies exist for trans fatty acids. More high-quality, randomized controlled trials on fatty acids and CHD are required, but public health recommendations to reduce intake of both saturated and trans fatty acids are appropriate based on the current evidence.
Woodside
Jayne V
JV
Nutrition and Metabolism Group, Centre for Clinical and Population Science, Queen's University Belfast, Lower Ground Floor, Pathology Building, Grosvenor Road, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK. j.woodside@qub.ac.uk
McKinley
Michelle C
MC
Young
Ian S
IS
D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000009:adverse effects*
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids