title: Reduction of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity and neuroprotective effects of ibuprofen.
abstract: We examined changes in nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) in the striatum in methamphetamine (METH)-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity, and also examined effects of treatment with drugs possessing PPAR gamma agonistic properties. The marked reduction of nuclear PPAR gamma-expressed cells was seen in the striatum 3 days after METH injections (4 mg/kg x 4, i.p. with 2-h interval). The reduction of dopamine transporter (DAT)-positive signals and PPAR gamma expression, and accumulation of activated microglial cells were significantly and dose-dependently attenuated by four injections of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and a PPAR gamma ligand, ibuprofen (10 or 20 mg/kg x 4, s.c.) given 30 min prior to each METH injection, but not by either a low or high dose of aspirin. Either treatment of ibuprofen or aspirin, that showed no effects on METH-induced hyperthermia, significantly blocked the METH-induced striatal cyclooxygenase (COX) expression. Furthermore, the treatment of an intrinsic PPAR gamma ligand 15d-PG J2 also attenuated METH injections-induced reduction of striatal DAT. Therefore, the present study suggests the involvement of reduction of PPAR gamma expression in METH-induced neurotoxicity. Taken together with the previous report showing protective effects of other PPAR gamma ligand, these results imply that the protective effects of ibuprofen against METH-induced neurotoxicity may be based, in part, on its anti-inflammatory PPAR gamma agonistic properties, but not on its COX-inhibiting property or hypothermic effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asanuma
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Ko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000633:toxicity*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000819:agonists* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C477819:15-deoxyprostaglandin J2; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D047495:PPAR gamma; D008694:Methamphetamine; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse; D001241:Aspirin; D015230:Prostaglandin D2; D007052:Ibuprofen