title: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided needle aspiration in the non-small cell lung cancer staging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the diagnostic yield of the endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-NA) in the mediastinal staging in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive NSCLC patients with enlarged or normal mediastinal nodes on CT scans underwent EBUS-NA. All patients with negative EBUS-NA subsequently underwent the transcervical extended bilateral mediastinal lymphadenectomy (TEMLA) as a confirmatory test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and twenty-six patients underwent EBUS-NA between 1.02.07 and 30.04.08. There were 320 mediastinal lymph nodes biopsied (stations: 2R - 8, 4R - 83, 2L - 1, 4L - 61, 7 - 167). EBUS-NA revealed metastatic lymph node involvement in 129/226 patients (57.1%) and in 171/320 biopsies (53.4%). In 97 patients with negative EBUS-NA, who underwent subsequent TEMLA, metastatic nodes were diagnosed in 16 patients (7.1%) - in 12 (5.3%) in stations accessible for EBUS-NA (stations: 4R - 3, 4L - 2, 7 - 8) and in 4 (1.8%) in stations not accessible for EBUS-NA (stations: 5 - 4, 6 - 1). All positive N2 nodes diagnosed by the TEMLA contained only small metastatic deposits. A diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of EBUS-NA were 89.0%, 100%, 92.9%, 100% and 83.5%, respectively. No complications of EBUS-NA were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) EBUS-NA is an effective and safe technique for mediastinal staging in NSCLC patients. (2) In patients with negative results of EBUS-NA, surgical exploration of the mediastinum should be performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sokołowski Pulmonary Hospital, Zakopane, Poland.
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szlubowski
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuzdzał
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kołodziej
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soja
authors.forename: Juliusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pankowski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obrochta
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kopiński
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zieliński
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods