title: Button vesicostomy: a continent urinary stoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A modified technique of vesicostomy is described using a gastrostomy button, which could be used as a continent urinary stoma in children with incomplete voiding.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1998 to 2005, 21 children aged between 4 days and 16 years underwent insertion of button vesicostomy to permit bladder drainage. They had incomplete bladder emptying and clean intermittent urethral catheterization (CIC) could not be established. In six of 23 procedures, the button was placed through a classical vesicostomy (3) or via a suprapubic catheter tract (3). In 17, a standardized technique of button vesicostomy stoma formation was used. The median follow up was 2.5 years (0.75-8 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were selected on the basis of clinical need. Idiopathic hypotonic bladder was the most common indication (9), followed by anorectal malformation (5), neuropathic bladder and posterior urethral valves (2 each), traumatic rupture of urethra (1), visceral myopathy (1) and posterior urethritis (1). Granuloma formation around vesicostomy button was observed in five patients. Local infection was observed in three patients and urinary tract infection in four. No peri-button leakage occurred in the standardized button stomas but was seen in all three of the buttons placed in classical vesicostomies, and transient leakage occurred in one of the three patients with a button placed via a suprapubic catheter tract. The median duration of use of vesicostomy button was 11 months (2-30 months). In eight patients, bladder function improved and intermittent drainage was no longer required. Three patients are still using the button, four progressed to Mitrofanoff, four started CIC per urethra, and two reverted to continuous drainage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Button vesicostomy is a useful addition to the options available for a catheterizable continent urinary stoma in children in the short or medium term. The risk of major complications was low although minor complications were common, and the technique was well accepted by patients and parents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK. rowena.hitchcock@orh.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Rowena Jane
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hitchcock
authors.forename: Mohammad Javaid
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sadiq