title: Morphogenic bone splitting: description of an original technique and its application in esthetically significant areas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article presents a regenerative technique, morphogenic bone splitting (MBS), which overcomes the limitations associated with expansion techniques described to date.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors propose a method whereby the bone-mucosa-gingival complex (BMGC) is displaced in its entirety, establishing a new focus for a secondary hinge located in the coronal reaches of the osteotomy. Depending on clinical needs, this approach modifies or eliminates the facially inclined hinge displacement characteristic of ridge expansion techniques. By exploiting the inherent capacity for second intention healing, the regenerative MBS technique avoids the use of graft material, membranes, or mechanical devices. It effectively harnesses the intrinsic regenerative capabilities of the treated site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MBS technique is performed in a single operation. By permitting the insertion of implants of an appropriate size in the optimum position for esthetic and functional requirements, it achieves the desired 3-dimensional reshaping of the BMGC and thereby restores the anatomy of the implant site. This reshaping includes: root prominences, keratinized gingiva, papillae, fornix, and the mucogingival junction. In addition to these esthetically significant issues, it permits implants to be placed at a functionally favorable axial inclination.
authors.affiliation: studioscipioni@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scipioni
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Calesini
authors.forename: Costanza
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Micarelli
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coppè
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scipioni
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000601:surgery*; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005881:Gingiva / Q000601:surgery; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*