title: Long-term outcome in women who underwent anti-reflux surgery in childhood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of ureterocystoneostomy to correct vesicoureteral reflux is to thereby prevent recurrent febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs). The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of UTI in adult women who underwent reimplantation as children, with the emphasis on infections during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included in the study were women over 20 years of age who underwent surgery for primary reflux between 1969 and 2004. A total of 392 patients were identified and information on their case history, surgery and follow-up was collected from the medical records. A questionnaire, requesting information on their present state of health, and occurrences of lower or upper UTI since the age of 16 and during any pregnancies, was sent to 337 of these patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 242 (84%) of the questionnaires were returned. UTIs had occurred in 42% of the women before they had any sexual activity; thereafter the frequency increased to 61%. In 113 of the 282 women, 242 pregnancies were recorded. UTI occurred during 59 pregnancies (24%): 19% lower, 5% upper. Risk factors for UTI during pregnancy were infections as adults or decreased differential renal function (< or = 30%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is an ongoing risk of UTI in adult women after anti-reflux surgery in childhood. During pregnancy, these women represent a population at risk who should be observed very closely.
authors.affiliation: Klinik Siloah, 3073 Gümligen, Switzerland. monique.marchand@gmx.ch
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marchand
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kuffer
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tönz