title: The solute carrier (SLC) complement of the human genome: phylogenetic classification reveals four major families.
abstract: Solute carriers (SLCs) is the largest group of transporters, embracing transporters for inorganic ions, amino acids, neurotransmitters, sugars, purines and fatty acids among other substrates. We mined the finished assembly of the human genome using Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) obtaining a total of 384 unique SLC sequences. Detailed clustering and phylogenetic analysis of the entire SLC family showed that 15 of the families place into four large phylogenetic clusters with the largest containing eight SLC families, suggesting that many of the distinct families of SLCs have a common evolutionary origin. This study represents the first overall genomic roadmap of the SLCs providing large sequence sets and clarifies the phylogenetic relationships among the families of the second largest group of membrane proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Unit of Functional Pharmacology, Uppsala University, BMC, Uppsala SE 75124, Sweden. robert.fredriksson@neuro.uu.se
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fredriksson
authors.forename: Karl J V
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Nordström
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stephansson
authors.forename: Maria G A
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hägglund
authors.forename: Helgi B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Schiöth
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D008390:Markov Chains; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins