title: Bone turnover markers are correlated with quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus: 5-year longitudinal data.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Associations between bone turnover markers and calcaneal ultrasound (quantitative ultrasound, QUS) were studied in a population-based sample of 810 elderly women. Baseline bone turnover markers correlated with baseline QUS as well as with 5-year prospective changes in QUS.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Bone turnover markers are associated with areal bone mineral density, but the knowledge on the association with QUS is limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight hundred ten women, all 75 years old, were investigated at baseline. Five hundred six completed a 5-year follow-up. Bone turnover markers and calcaneal QUS [speed of sound (SoS), broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), stiffness] were investigated at baseline. QUS was investigated at follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All bone turnover markers were correlated with baseline QUS [standardized regression (Beta(std)) values from -0.07, p < 0.05 to -0.23, p < 0.001], with the exception of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (S-Bone ALP) which was not correlated with BUA and stiffness index. When the correlations between baseline bone turnover markers and 5-year changes in QUS were analyzed, three serum osteocalcins were correlated with changes of SoS and stiffness index (Beta(std) = -0.11, p < 0.05 to -0.17, p < 0.001). Also S-CTX-I correlated with changes of SoS and stiffness index (Beta(std) = -0.10 and -0.09, respectively, p < 0.05). S-TRACP5b, urinary deoxypyridinoline/crea, and U-MidOC/crea correlated with changes of SoS (Beta(std) = -0.10 and p < 0.05 for all). S-Bone ALP did not correlate with change of QUS. None of the bone turnover markers correlated with changes of BUA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bone turnover markers correlate with concomitantly assessed QUS as well as with longitudinal change in QUS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden. Robolge.Lenora@med.lu.se
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lenora
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gerdhem
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Obrant
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ivaska
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000368:Aged; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D002111:Calcaneus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D024042:Collagen Type I; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009929:Organ Size; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D010455:Peptides; D017698:Postmenopause; D011347:Procollagen / Q000097:blood; D013548:Sweden; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D011347:Procollagen; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; C036020:deoxypyridinoline; D003404:Creatinine; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase