title: Determination of the effective dose rate for monepantel (AAD 1566) against adult gastro-intestinal nematodes in sheep.
abstract: Monepantel (AAD 1566) is the first compound from the recently discovered amino-acetonitrile derivative (AAD) class of anthelmintics to be developed for use in sheep. Three dose determination studies were conducted in Australia and Europe to identify the therapeutic dose of monepantel, when formulated for the oral treatment of sheep, to control adult gastro-intestinal nematodes. In each study, sheep infected with various nematode species were treated with either 1.25, 2.5 or 5.0mg monepantel/kg bodyweight. Following euthanasia and worm counting, their worm burdens were compared with those from untreated control groups. At a dose rate of 1.25mg/kg, monepantel showed efficacy above 91.9% against all major nematode species, with the exception of Chabertia ovina and Oesophagostomum venulosum. Efficacy against these two species was 93.6% and 94.0%, respectively, at a dose of 2.5mg/kg. At this dose, efficacy was above 99.2% against nine other nematode species including Haemonchus contortus, Teladorsagia circumcincta, Trichostrongylus spp. and Nematodirus spp. It was concluded that 2.5mg/kg would be a suitable dose rate for a commercial product.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Centre de Recherche Santé Animale SA, CH-1566 St-Aubin, Switzerland. ronald.kaminsky@novartis.com
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaminsky
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mosimann
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sager
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hosking
mesh_terms: D000607:Aminoacetonitrile / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000818:Animals; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D009348:Nematoda / Q000187:drug effects; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D000607:Aminoacetonitrile; C533978:monepantel