title: Informal work, unemployment and health in Brazilian metropolitan areas, 1998 and 2003.
abstract: This study investigates whether employment with no social security, as well as short and long term unemployment are associated with worse health among Brazilians. The representative study sample was taken from two National Health Surveys and included men aged between 15 and 64 who lived in one of the eight metropolitan regions of Brazil in 1998 (n = 31,870) and 2003 (n = 32,887). Both surveys showed that full and part time workers with no social security, as well as those in short and long term (> 12 months) unemployment had worse health indicators, regardless of age or schooling, when compared with full-time workers (> 40 hours/week) who had some form of social security through their employment. Hepatic cirrhosis was the disease most strongly associated with labor market status. Its prevalence was higher among individuals in long term unemployment and those with no social security. Labor market status was also negatively associated with the use of health care services, especially medical visits. The present study shows that the absence of social security at work, unemployment and length of unemployment, characterize heterogeneous groups of individuals in relation to health. Results reinforce the need to incorporate labor market status in research into health inequalities.
authors.affiliation: Gerência de Epidemiologia, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, Brasil. luanagiatti@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Luana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giatti
authors.forename: Sandhi Maria
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Barreto
authors.forename: Cibele Comini
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: César
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health; D012935:Social Justice; D012943:Social Security / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014478:Unemployment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult