title: Team approach to ERCP-directed single-brush cytology for the diagnosis of malignancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical usefulness of single-brush cytology performed at ERCP as initial method for detecting pancreatobiliary malignancy, ensuring a very close relationship between endoscopists, cytotechnicians, and cytopathologists.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 125 cytodiagnoses considered in this study correspond to the first brushing for each patient, collected by one of the three members of a fixed team of endoscopists in the presence of the same cytotechnician. Smears were fixed immediately with Merckofix spray, stained with Papanicolau, and analyzed by the same cytopathologist in a laboratory exclusively devoted to gastrointestinal cytopathology located at the endoscopy unit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 125 cytological diagnoses 94 were considered benign, 4 suspicious, and 27 malignant. These findings were compared to the final diagnosis of 45 malignant and 80 benign lesions obtained either by surgical pathology or after at least one year of clinical follow-up. The comparison yielded 30 true positives, 78 true negatives, 1 false positive and 16 false negative results, which corresponds to a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of 65.2, 98.7, 96.8, 83, and 86.4%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results seem to confirm the usefulness of an effective team approach to ERCP-directed brush cytology for the diagnosis of pancreatobiliary malignancy. However, sensitivity continues to be rather low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Medicine School, University of Coimbra, Portugal. martaurbano@huc-saude.pt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urbano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Calhau
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leitão
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*