title: HLA class I typing in Egyptian childhood minimal change nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reports on the association between human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and childhood minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) are variable. The association between HLA class I and MCNS has not been tested among Egyptian children.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied such associations in a group of steroid-responsive MCNS Egyptian children (n=37) in comparison to a group of healthy Egyptians (n=100). Typing was performed using standard lymphocytotoxicity assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of HLA-B27 was remarkably higher among MCNS children (18.9%) compared with the control group (1%) (p<0.001, risk ratio [RR] = 3.76, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.5-5.66). Additionally, MCNS children had a significantly higher frequency of HLA-A11 (16.2% vs. 3%) and HLA-B13 (13.5% vs. 2%) (p=0.012 and p=0.016; RR=2.75 and RR=2.9; 95% CI, 1.58-4.79 and 1.66-5.06; respectively). With multivariate analysis, the previous 3 loci were still significant in addition to HLA-B12 (p=0.001, p=0.005, p=0.013 and p=0.033, for HLA-B27, HLA-B13, HLA-A11 and HLA-B12, respectively). The frequency of HLA haplotypes was comparable in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that associations of HLA class I with childhood MCNS in Egypt have both similarities and dissimilarities to those in other populations. HLA-B27, which has not been reported before, has the strongest association. However, similar to studies from other populations, HLA-A11, HLA-B13 and HLA-B12 loci were also associated with MCNS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura - Egypt. afdonia@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ahmed Farouk
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Donia
authors.forename: Amani Moustafa
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Fatma El-Husseini
authors.initials: Fel-H
authors.lastname: Moustafa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D015234:HLA-A Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D059870:HLA-A11 Antigen; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D059908:HLA-B13 Antigen; D015796:HLA-B27 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009402:Nephrosis, Lipoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D015234:HLA-A Antigens; D059870:HLA-A11 Antigen; D015235:HLA-B Antigens; D059908:HLA-B13 Antigen; D015796:HLA-B27 Antigen; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; C020876:Crismel