Investigation of reperfusion injury and ischemic preconditioning in microsurgery.
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is inevitable in many vascular and musculoskeletal traumas, diseases, free tissue transfers, and during time-consuming reconstructive surgeries in the extremities. Salvage of a prolonged ischemic extremity or flap still remains a challenge for the microvascular surgeon. One of the common complications after microsurgery is I/R-induced tissue death or I/R injury. Twenty years after the discovery, ischemic preconditioning has emerged as a powerful method for attenuating I/R injury in a variety of organs or tissues. However, its therapeutic expectations still need to be fulfilled. In this article, the author reviews some important experimental evidences of I/R injury and preconditioning-induced protection in the fields relevant to microsurgery.
Wang
Wei Zhong
WZ
Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA. wwang@medicine.nevada.edu
D000818:Animals; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008833:Microcirculation; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D015424:Reperfusion / Q000379:methods; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome