title: Chronic tension-type headache in adolescents. Clinical and psychological characteristics analyzed through self- and parent-report questionnaires.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the relation between the symptoms reported by adolescents with chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) and their perception of their emotional and behavioral functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of adolescents (clinical group, n = 48; control group, n = 135) and their parents (clinical group, n = 42; control group, n = 128) were studied, respectively, with the Youth Self-Report Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist. Moreover, a secondary analysis was performed, identifying another subgroup of adolescents who reported having headaches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical group of adolescents obtained higher scores than the control group in Internalizing Syndrome; Aggressive Behavior for Externalizing Syndrome; Social, Thought, and Attention Problems; and in all Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV)-oriented scales (except conduct problems). Differences between the two groups of parents were found in all the scales. The controls reporting headaches obtained interesting intermediate scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescents with CTTH show greater emotional and behavioral problems than their healthy peers. Consequently, clinical approaches for proper diagnosis and treatment need to adopt a multidisciplinary prospective.
authors.affiliation: Child Neurology and Psychiatry Ward, Department of Pediatric, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Battistutta
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aliverti
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montico
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zin
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrozzi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D020773:Headache Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D010290:Parents; D010465:Perception; D012650:Self Disclosure; D012919:Social Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D018781:Tension-Type Headache / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*