Evaluation of immune responses and protective efficacy in a goat model following immunization with a coctail of recombinant antigens and a polyprotein of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
The protective efficacy of four recombinant antigens (85A, 85B, superoxide dismutase [SOD], and a fusion polypeptide [Map74F]) of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) along with the adjuvant dimethydioctadecyl ammonium bromide (DDA) was assessed in a goat challenge model. Animals were immunized with the four antigens with adjuvant DDA (Group I, eight goat kids) or without the adjuvant (Group II, eight goat kids) or adjuvant only (Group III, nine goat kids). Animals were boostered 3 weeks after the primary vaccination and challenged 3 weeks after the booster. Significant antigen-specific lymphoproliferation was observed in the immunized animals 3 weeks after the booster immunization. This response increased further at 4 weeks after the booster. Similarly, antigen-specific IFN-gamma responses increased in the immunized animals 3 weeks after the booster. The response was significantly higher for 85A and Map74F at 10 weeks after primary vaccination (APV) in Group I animals compared to the other two groups. CD4+ T-cell populations were higher in the vaccinated animals from 6 to 10 weeks APV than those of the control animals. A significant increase in recombinant antigen-specific IFN-gamma gene expression was detected in the vaccinated animals. At necropsy (38 weeks APV), our multicomponent subunit vaccine imparted a significant protection in terms of reduction of MAP burden in target organs as compared to sham-immunized goats. This study indicates that our multicomponent subunit vaccine induced a good Th1 response and conferred protection against MAP infection in a goat challenge model.
Kathaperumal
Kumanan
K
Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, UpTwoer Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Kumanan
Vijayarani
V
McDonough
Sean
S
Chen
Li-Hsuen
LH
Park
Sung-Un
SU
Moreira
Maria A S
MA
Akey
Bruce
B
Huntley
John
J
Chang
Chao-Fu
CF
Chang
Yung-Fu
YF
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006041:Goats; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020815:Polyproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D020815:Polyproteins; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic