title: Circulating levels of resistin and risk of type 2 diabetes in men and women: results from two prospective cohorts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of circulating resistin levels in the development of type 2 diabetes using two prospective cohorts of well-characterized men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted two prospective case-control studies nested in the Women's Health Study (WHS) and Physicians' Health Study II (PHS II). In the WHS, during a median of 10-years of follow-up, 359 postmenopausal women, who were apparently healthy at baseline and later developed type 2 diabetes, were prospectively matched with 359 healthy control subjects. In the PHS II, with 8 years of total follow-up, 170 men, who were apparently healthy at baseline and later developed type 2 diabetes, were matched with 170 healthy control subjects. Control subjects were matched by age, race, and time of blood draw.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resistin levels at baseline were significantly higher in women than in men (P = 0.003) and in case patients than in control subjects for both women (P < 0.001) and men (P = 0.07). After adjustment for matching factors, physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking, and family history of diabetes, the relative risk of type 2 diabetes comparing the highest to the lowest quartile of resistin in women was 2.22 ([95% CI 1.32-3.73]; Ptrend = 0.002). This association was attenuated after further adjustment for BMI (1.51 [0.86-2.65]; Ptrend = 0.20) or C-reactive protein (1.18 [0.68-2.07]; Ptrend = 0.60). A similar but weaker pattern was observed in men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated levels of circulating resistin were significantly related to increased risk of type 2 diabetes, which appears to be partially accounted for by adiposity and the inflammatory process.
authors.affiliation: Program on Genomics and Nutrition, Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Brian H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yiqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Eric L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Christian K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: JoAnn E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Manson
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rifai
authors.forename: Julie E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Buring
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gaziano
authors.forename: Simin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D049628:Body Size; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D011446:Prospective Studies; D044469:Racial Groups; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012016:Reference Values; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood*; D012306:Risk; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D052243:Resistin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein