title: Antagonism of nitric oxide toward the inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase by carbon monoxide and cyanide.
abstract: The principle mitochondrial target where the respiratory inhibitors CO, CN(-), and NO act in the execution of their acute toxic effects is complex IV of the electron-transport chain, cytochrome c oxidase. However, there is a paucity of studies in the literature regarding the concerted effects of such poisons. Accordingly, the combined inhibitory effects of CO + CN(-), NO + CN(-), and NO + CO on the activity of cytochrome c oxidase preparations are reported. Only in the case of CO + CN(-) do the effects of the two inhibitors seem to be additive as expected. NO appears to be antagonistic toward the effects of the other two inhibitors; that is, the effects of both CO an CN(-) on enzyme activity are ameliorated by NO when present. To further clarify these observations, the ligand substitutions of heme-bound CN(-) by NO in cytochrome c oxidase and hemoglobin have also been briefly investigated. These results suggest that displacement of CN(-) from the ferric hemoproteins by NO is rate-limited by heme reduction-and in the case of the enzyme, the presence of nonligand-binding electron-transfer centers facilitates the reaction. The findings are discussed in relation to the idea that NO does not behave as a classic reversible (by dissociation) inhibitor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, The University of Pittsburgh, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA. jpp16@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Linda L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: Elisenda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lopez Manzano
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martinez-Bosch
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D002417:Cattle; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011190:Potassium Cyanide / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D011190:Potassium Cyanide; D010100:Oxygen