title: Hyaluronan in follicular fluid and embryo implantation following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the concentration of hyaluronan (HA) in follicular fluid predicts implantation success following embryo transfer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Follicular fluids from 170 IVF patients were tested by ELISA for HA concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (standard error) HA concentration in follicular fluids was 158.0 (21.9) ng/ml from women whose embryos did not implant, 220.0 (21.3) ng/ml from women in which one embryo implanted and 239.3 (40.1) ng/ml from women with 2-3 implantations (implantation vs. no implantation p = .019). The HA level was unrelated to maternal age, number of oocytes harvested or fertilized or number of embryos transferred. Follicular fluids from women with an endocrine problem had a lower mean HA level (142.0 ng/ml) as compared to women undergoing IVF due to male factor infertility (257.3 ng/ml) (P = .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HA in follicular fluid is decreased in women with unsuccessful implantation or with an endocrine disorder. A woman's level of HA production may influence the potential for implantation of her embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, Box 35, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babayan
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neuer
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dieterle
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bongiovanni
authors.forename: Steven S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Witkin
mesh_terms: D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid