Metabolic syndrome and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in an Italian elderly population: the Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A.) Study.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to explore the association of metabolic syndrome and each of its components with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a general Italian elderly population.


METHODS
Metabolic syndrome, diagnosed by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality, was evaluated in 2,910 subjects aged > or =65 years of the Progetto Veneto Anziani (Pro.V.A.) Study during a mean follow-up time of 4.4 years.


RESULTS
After multivariable adjustment, metabolic syndrome was associated with increased all-cause mortality in all subjects (hazard ratio 1.41 [95% CI 1.16-1.72], P = 0.001), among men (1.42 [1.06-1.89], P = 0.017), and among women (1.47 [1.13-1.91], P = 0.004). High glucose in all subjects (1.27 [1.02-1.59], P = 0.037) and in women (1.61 [1.16-2.24], P = 0.005) and low HDL cholesterol in women (1.48 [1.08-2.02], P = 0.014) were predictors of all-cause mortality, even independently of the interactions of different metabolic syndrome components. After multivariable adjustment, metabolic syndrome was also associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in all subjects (1.60 [1.17-2.19], P = 0.003), among men (1.66 [1.00-2.76], P = 0.051), and among women (1.60 [1.06-2.33], P = 0.025). High glucose (2.17 [1.28-3.68], P = 0.004) and low HDL cholesterol (1.78 [1.07-2.95], P = 0.026) among women predicted higher cardiovascular mortality.


CONCLUSIONS
In this general Italian elderly population, among metabolic syndrome components, all-cause mortality is better predicted by high glucose in all subjects and in women and by low HDL cholesterol in women, whereas cardiovascular mortality is better predicted by high glucose and low HDL cholesterol in women.
Zambon
Sabina
S
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy. sabina.zambon@unipd.it
Zanoni
Silvia
S
Romanato
Giovanna
G
Corti
Maria Chiara
MC
Noale
Marianna
M
Sartori
Leonardo
L
Musacchio
Estella
E
Baggio
Giovannella
G
Crepaldi
Gaetano
G
Manzato
Enzo
E
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D049628:Body Size; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality*; D012727:Sex Characteristics
D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins