title: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty for ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the lower moiety in a completely duplicated collecting system: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are only a few reports on laparoscopic pyeloplasty in kidney abnormalities and only one case for laparoscopic pyeloplasty in a duplicated system. Increasing experience in laparoscopic techniques allows proper treatment of such anomalies. However, its feasibility in difficult cases with altered kidney anatomy such as that of duplicated renal pelvis still needs to be addressed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a case of a 22-year-old white Caucasian female patient with ureteropelvic junction obstruction of the lower ureter of a completely duplicated system that was managed with laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Crossing vessels were identified and transposed. The procedure was carried out successfully and the patient's symptoms subsided. Follow-up studies demonstrated complete resolution of the obstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since laparoscopic pyeloplasty is still an evolving procedure, its feasibility in complex cases of kidney anatomic abnormalities is herein further justified.
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, 'Laiko' General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece. kgstravod@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Konstantinos G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Stravodimos
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Anastasiou
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adamakis
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kapetanakis
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koritsiadis
authors.forename: Constantinos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Constantinides