Zygomatic fractures managed by closed reduction: an analysis with postoperative computed tomography follow-up evaluating the degree of reduction and remaining dislocation.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate possible associations between the degree of reduction, remaining dislocation (mm), fracture type, and the sequelae from which the patient may suffer postoperatively in patients with zygomaticomaxillary fracture managed by closed reduction.


METHODS
A 3-year retrospective audit was undertaken to identify all patients who had sustained a fractured zygoma and were operated on by closed reduction at the Ear, Nose, and Throat Department, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden. Patients were followed up by mail questionnaire and postoperative computed tomography (CT).


RESULTS
The odds of having symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 4.26, confidence interval [CI] 1.09-18.44) was significantly higher in the group with a reduction less than 100% (n = 34) compared with the group with 100% reduction (n = 17) (P = .035). The odds of having symptoms (OR 9.91, CI 0.89->500) was higher in the group with remaining dislocation 6 to 10 mm compared with the group with no remaining dislocation (P = .069). The type of fracture (A, B, or C) also influenced the patients' postoperative symptoms. The odds of having symptoms was 48.40 (CI 4.60->500) times higher having fracture C compared with fracture A (P < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
The degree of reduction and remaining dislocation of zygomaticomaxillary fractures is important to achieve a good postoperative result, that is, reducing the patient's postoperative symptoms. Furthermore, the type of fracture also influences the patient's long-term sequelae.
af Geijerstam
Birgitta
B
Department of Clinical Science, Division of Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. birgitta.afgeijerstam@karolinska.se
Hultman
Galina
G
Bergström
Jakob
J
Stjärne
Pär
P
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D017759:Fractures, Malunited / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000209:etiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020886:Somatosensory Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*