title: Efficacy and safety comparison of liraglutide, glimepiride, and placebo, all in combination with metformin, in type 2 diabetes: the LEAD (liraglutide effect and action in diabetes)-2 study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy and safety of adding liraglutide (a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist) to metformin were compared with addition of placebo or glimepiride to metformin in subjects previously treated with oral antidiabetes (OAD) therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this 26-week, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group trial, 1,091 subjects were randomly assigned (2:2:2:1:2) to once-daily liraglutide (either 0.6, 1.2, or 1.8 mg/day injected subcutaneously), to placebo, or to glimepiride (4 mg once daily). All treatments were in combination therapy with metformin (1g twice daily). Enrolled subjects (aged 25-79 years) had type 2 diabetes, A1C of 7-11% (previous OAD monotherapy for > or =3 months) or 7-10% (previous OAD combination therapy for > or =3 months), and BMI < or =40 kg/m(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A1C values were significantly reduced in all liraglutide groups versus the placebo group (P < 0.0001) with mean decreases of 1.0% for 1.8 mg liraglutide, 1.2 mg liraglutide, and glimepiride and 0.7% for 0.6 mg liraglutide and an increase of 0.1% for placebo. Body weight decreased in all liraglutide groups (1.8-2.8 kg) compared with an increase in the glimepiride group (1.0 kg; P < 0.0001). The incidence of minor hypoglycemia with liraglutide ( approximately 3%) was comparable to that with placebo but less than that with glimepiride (17%; P < 0.001). Nausea was reported by 11-19% of the liraglutide-treated subjects versus 3-4% in the placebo and glimepiride groups. The incidence of nausea declined over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In subjects with type 2 diabetes, once-daily liraglutide induced similar glycemic control, reduced body weight, and lowered the occurrence of hypoglycemia compared with glimepiride, when both had background therapy of metformin.
authors.affiliation: Diabeteszentrum Bad Lauterberg, Harz, Germany. nauck@diabeteszentrum.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nauck
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frid
authors.forename: Kjeld
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hermansen
authors.forename: Nalini S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Tsvetalina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tankova
authors.forename: Ismail H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Mitha
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zdravkovic
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Düring
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Matthews
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D010919:Placebos; D012449:Safety; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008687:Metformin; D010919:Placebos; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; C057619:glimepiride