title: NCBI GEO: archive for high-throughput functional genomic data.
abstract: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is the largest public repository for high-throughput gene expression data. Additionally, GEO hosts other categories of high-throughput functional genomic data, including those that examine genome copy number variations, chromatin structure, methylation status and transcription factor binding. These data are generated by the research community using high-throughput technologies like microarrays and, more recently, next-generation sequencing. The database has a flexible infrastructure that can capture fully annotated raw and processed data, enabling compliance with major community-derived scientific reporting standards such as 'Minimum Information About a Microarray Experiment' (MIAME). In addition to serving as a centralized data storage hub, GEO offers many tools and features that allow users to effectively explore, analyze and download expression data from both gene-centric and experiment-centric perspectives. This article summarizes the GEO repository structure, content and operating procedures, as well as recently introduced data mining features. GEO is freely accessible at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 45 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. barrett@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: Dennis B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Troup
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Wilhite
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ledoux
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rudnev
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.forename: Irene F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soboleva
authors.forename: Maxim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomashevsky
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Katherine H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Phillippy
authors.forename: Patti M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: Rolf N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Muertter
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edgar
mesh_terms: D003196:Computer Graphics; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D023281:Genomics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012984:Software