title: Microarray transfection analysis of conserved genomic sequences from three immediate early genes.
abstract: In an effort to define novel transcriptional regulatory elements, microarray cotransfection was used to functionally characterize conserved non-coding sequences (CNSs) of three immediate early genes: c-fos, JunB and EGR-1. Cotransfection of fluorescent CNS reporter constructs and expression vectors for constitutively active signaling proteins demonstrated that many of the CNSs alter both the basal and regulated expressions of reporter constructs, but the effects of these CNSs were usually specific for their homologous promoter. One CNS located in the first intron of the c-fos gene conferred regulation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) and Raf. Mutagenesis and cotransfection experiments showed that PKA regulation of this c-fos intronic element was mediated by two adjacent CRE-like sequences and the transcription factor CREB. In the context of a reporter containing previously characterized regulatory elements, the novel intronic sequence contributed 50% of the transcriptional response to PKA. These studies suggest that microarray transfection studies may be useful in functional characterization of conserved genomic sequences on a larger scale.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Uhler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005091:Exons; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early / Q000235:genetics*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015894:Genome, Human; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D049409:Luciferases, Firefly / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D049409:Luciferases, Firefly; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases