title: Effect of enzyme addition on the nutritive value of high oleic acid sunflower seeds in chicken diets.
abstract: Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of enzyme addition in chicken diets containing high oleic acid sunflower seeds (HOASS). In the first experiment (4 to 21 d of age), enzyme addition (lipase, phospholipase, and a combination of these) was used at the inclusion level of 1 g/kg in diets containing HOASS (250 g/kg) compared with a control corn-soybean diet. Weight gain, feed consumption, relative liver weight, fat digestibility, and amylase, lipase, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activities were reduced, and feed conversion, relative duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ceca lengths, plasma uric acid, cholesterol, and glucose concentrations were increased in the unsupplemented HOASS diet compared with the control diet. The addition of enzymes to the HOASS diet increased weight gain, feed consumption, relative pancreas and liver weights, fat digestibility, amylase and lipase activities, plasma uric acid, calcium, serum LDH and CPK, and total protein concentration and reduced feed conversion, relative spleen weight, relative duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ceca lengths, plasma cholesterol, and glucose compared with the unsupplemented HOASS diet. In the second experiment (0 to 21 d of age), the same enzymes (0.5 g/kg each) were included in diets containing 150 g/kg of HOASS compared with a conventional sunflower meal diet (150 g/kg). The HOASS diet did not affect performance but reduced relative pancreas and abdominal fat weights and relative duodenum and ceca lengths, and increased crude fat, CP, and essential and nonessential amino acid digestibilities (except Ser, which was reduced) compared with the control diet. The addition of enzymes in the HOASS diet increased weight gain, feed consumption, and relative pancreas weight and reduced feed conversion, CP, and essential and nonessential amino acid digestibilities compared with the unsupplemented HOASS diet. In conclusion, the addition of 250 g of HOASS/kg in the diets caused a negative effect on performance, digestive organ sizes, fat and protein digestibilities, and pancreatic enzymes and modified blood parameters. However, the inclusion of HOASS at 150 g/kg improved some of these parameters and amino acid digestibilities. The enzyme addition counteracted some of these effects.
authors.affiliation: Instituto del Frío, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Departamento de Metabolismo y Nutrición, José Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain. abrenes@if.csic.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brenes
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Centeno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viveros
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arija
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006368:Helianthus; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008049:Lipase / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D009753:Nutritive Value; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019301:Oleic Acid; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D010740:Phospholipases; D008049:Lipase