title: Current topics and perspectives relating to hormone therapy for prostate cancer.
abstract: Prostate cancer is androgen-dependent, and hormone therapy, mainly achieved by androgen deprivation, has been one of the main treatment modalities in the clinical management of prostate cancer patients for more than six decades. In the 1980s, luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists, which reduce testosterone to castration levels, were introduced Also, after the 1980s, nonsteroidal antiandrogens were developed in addition to steroidal antiandrogens. Since then, so-called maximum androgen blockade (MAB)/combined androgen blockade (CAB), which is a combination of surgical or medical castration and oral antiandrogens, has been developed. More recently, novel treatment modalities have been developed, such as intermittent androgen suppression, nonsteroidal antiandrogen monotherapy, and alternative antiandrogen therapy after relapse from initial MAB/CAB, The present article focuses on these treatment modalities to review current topics and perspectives with respect to hormone therapy for prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. hirosuzu@faculty.chiba-u.jp
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imamoto
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Takanobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsumi
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naya
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
mesh_terms: D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000188:drug therapy; D049451:Nomograms; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor