title: Prophylactic administration of parenteral steroids for preventing airway complications after extubation in adults: meta-analysis of randomised placebo controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether steroids are effective in preventing laryngeal oedema after extubation and reducing the need for subsequent reintubation in critically ill adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Meta-analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Web of Science, and Embase with no limitation on language, study year, or publication status. Selection criteria Randomised placebo controlled trials in which parenteral steroids were compared with placebo for preventing complications after extubation in adults. Review methods Search, application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction, and assessment of methodological quality, independently performed in duplicate. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals, risk difference, and number needed to treat were calculated and pooled.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  laryngeal oedema after extubation. Secondary outcome: subsequent reintubation because of laryngeal oedema.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six trials (n=1923) were identified. Compared with placebo, steroids given before planned extubation decreased the odds ratio for laryngeal oedema (0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.85) and subsequent reintubation (0.29, 0.15 to 0.58), corresponding with a risk difference of -0.10 (-0.12 to -0.07; number needed to treat 10) and -0.02 (-0.04 to -0.01; 50), respectively. Subgroup analyses indicated that a multidose regimen of steroids had marked positive effects on the occurrence of laryngeal oedema (0.14; 0.08 to 0.23) and on the rate of subsequent reintubation (0.19; 0.07 to 0.50), with a risk difference of -0.19 (-0.24 to -0.15; 5) and -0.04 (-0.07 to -0.02; 25). In single doses there was only a trend towards benefit, with the confidence interval including 1. Side effects related to steroids were not found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prophylactic administration of steroids in multidose regimens before planned extubation reduces the incidence of laryngeal oedema after extubation and the consequent reintubation rate in adults, with few adverse events.
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Zeyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xuemei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D020878:Device Removal / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007819:Laryngeal Edema / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D019233:Retreatment; D013256:Steroids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015300:Ventilator Weaning / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids