Dexmedetomidine: a useful adjunct to consider in some high-risk situations.
Dexmedetomidine is a relatively selective alpha2 agonist with sympatholytic, sedative, amnestic, and analgesic properties. It is indicated for the short-term sedation of patients needing mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit. Recent reports have been published describing dexmedetomidine as a useful adjunct in both regional and general anesthesia. A few case studies have demonstrated successful use of dexmedetomidine as a replacement agent for opioids in patients in whom airway compromise was a concern. This article will provide the reader with a comprehensive review of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and adverse effects of dexmedetomidine. A thorough understanding of this drug will enable the anesthesia provider to determine situations in which dexmedetomidine may be a useful drug to consider, whether as an adjunct or as a sole agent.
Haselman
Mariann A
MA
Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA. dormir4me@yahoo.com
D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods*; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009719:Nurse Anesthetists
D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D020927:Dexmedetomidine