title: The effect of radiation dose and chemotherapy on overall survival in 237 patients with Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of radiation dose, chemotherapy, and their interaction in patients with unresectable or medically inoperable Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 237 consecutive Stage III NSCLC patients were evaluated. Median follow-up was 69.0 months. Patients were treated with radiation therapy (RT) alone (n = 106), sequential chemoradiation (n = 69), or concurrent chemoradiation (n = 62). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Radiation dose ranged from 30 to 102.9 Gy (median 60 Gy), corresponding to a bioequivalent dose (BED) of 39 to 124.5 Gy (median 72 Gy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median OS of the entire cohort was 12.6 months, and 2- and 5-year survival rates were 22.4% and 10.0%, respectively. Multivariable Cox regression model demonstrated that Karnofsky performance status (p = 0.020), weight loss < 5% (p = 0.017), chemotherapy (yes vs. no), sequence of chemoradiation (sequential vs. concurrent; p < 0.001), and BED (p < 0.001) were significant predictors of OS. For patients treated with RT alone, sequential chemoradiation, and concurrent chemoradiation, median survival was 7.4, 14.9, and 15.8 months, and 5-year OS was 3.3%, 7.5%, and 19.4%, respectively (p < 0.001). The effect of higher radiation doses on survival was independent of whether chemotherapy was given.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiation dose and use of chemotherapy are independent predictors of OS in Stage III NSCLC, and concurrent chemoradiation is associated with the best survival. There is no interaction between RT dose and chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Candace R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: Lujun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayman
authors.forename: Gregory P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Kalemkerian
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: Kemp
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cease
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Feng-Ming
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012062:Relative Biological Effectiveness; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000077235:Vinorelbine
chemical_list: D014747:Vinblastine; D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D000077235:Vinorelbine