title: [Two cases of Bacillus infection and immunodepression].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Members of the genus Bacillus are Gram-positive bacilli, ubiquitous in the environment. When isolated in clinical practice, it is frequently considered as due to environmental contamination. Bacillus cereus is the most frequent species isolated in clinical practice, nevertheless other Bacillus spp. are sometimes isolated. Bacillus bacteremia is uncommon, the affected patients are severely ill and frequently immunocompromised with hematological malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two cases of bloodstream infection due to Bacillus species rarely described before are described, one due to Bacillus macerans and the other to Bacillus pumilus. Both patients presented with severe bacteremia and were immunodepressed after recent chemotherapy. They died a few days after admission to our ICU.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The initial report of Bacillus spp. isolated in blood culture in oncohematological patients indicates a potentially severe infection.
authors.affiliation: Service de réanimation médicochirurgicale, institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Farhat
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chachaty
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Antoun
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nitenberg
authors.forename: J-R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Zahar
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001407:Bacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019818:Clavulanic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018805:Sepsis / Q000276:immunology*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D000658:Amoxicillin