Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome after liver transplantation: case report and literature review.
Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that causes human infections and whose life cycle has special features, including autoinfection. Strongyloides infection may be asymptomatic for years, owing to a low parasite load. During immunosuppressive therapy, however, if cellular immunity is depressed, autoinfection can occur at a higher rate, resulting in hyperinfection syndrome. In this specific circumstance, it can become a fatal illness. We describe a case of hyperinfection syndrome in a liver transplant recipient and also review the literature.
Vilela
E G
EG
Transplant Unit, Alfa Institute of Gastroenterology, Clinic Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. evilela@medicina.ufmg.br
Clemente
W T
WT
Mira
R R L
RR
Torres
H O G
HO
Veloso
L F
LF
Fonseca
L P
LP
de Carvalho E Fonseca
L R
LR
Franca
M d C
Md
Lima
A S
AS
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D012008:Recurrence; D017171:Strongyloides stercoralis; D013322:Strongyloidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D015163:Superinfection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
D000871:Anthelmintics; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents