Genotoxic and endocrine activities of bis(hydroxyphenyl)methane (bisphenol F) and its derivatives in the HepG2 cell line.
Human can be exposed to bis(hydroxyphenyl)methane (bisphenol F or BPF) and its derivatives as environment and food's contaminants. This study was investigated to identify and to compare toxic potency of BPF, BFDGE, and two of BPF metabolites using in vitro methods. BPF did not induce any genic mutation in bacteria when the Ames test was performed according to the OECD guideline. In contrast, using Human cell lines and Comet assay, we demonstrated that BPF and Bisphenol F Diglycidyl Ether (BFDGE) were effective on HepG2 cell DNA fragmentation at non-cytotoxic concentrations. DHB was also positive but at higher concentrations, near its limit of solubility. Neither BPF, nor DHB induced a positive response in the micronucleus assay. The increase of micronuclei observed when cells were exposed to BFDGE was mostly due to a cytotoxic effect. Concerning endocrine activities, BPF increased the luciferase activity in HepG2 cells transiently transfected with a concentration dependant pattern, DHB also induced a positive response but at highest concentrations. Estrogenic responses in the HepG2 cells differed with the estrogen receptor (ER) involved. Using MDA-kb2 cell line stably transfected with pMMTV-neo-Luc, only BPF was anti-androgenic at the highest concentration (10(-5)M). Then, we demonstrated using human cell lines, especially HepG2, BPF was the most toxic compound in term of genotoxicity and endocrine activities compared to DHB and BPF-OH, the free metabolites identified in rat urine when BPF was administrated to rats.
Cabaton
Nicolas
N
ENSBANA, UMR FLAVIC 1129, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France.
Dumont
Coralie
C
Severin
Isabelle
I
Perdu
Elisabeth
E
Zalko
Daniel
D
Cherkaoui-Malki
Mustapha
M
Chagnon
Marie-Christine
MC
D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D014162:Transfection; D000098833:Bisphenol F Compounds
D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D009153:Mutagens; C008745:4,4'-bisphenol F; D000098833:Bisphenol F Compounds