Suitable reference genes for the analysis of direct hyperplasia in mice.
The liver is capable of undergoing a proliferative growth, known as direct hyperplasia, in which the naïve liver increases in size due to stimulation with primary mitogens. To produce accurate gene expression data, housekeeping genes (HKGs) that are stably expressed need to be determined. In the present study, liver regeneration was promoted via the direct hyperplasia mode by inducing mice with 1,4-bis[2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene. Gene expression levels of nine commonly used HKGs were analyzed in the liver of different timing during the regeneration. The stability of gene expression was assessed using two different analysis programs, geNorm and NormFinder. Using these analyses, we identified that PPIA and RPL4 showed the most stable expression regardless of the status of the liver regeneration. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the use of PPIA and RPL4 were the most optimal in providing reliable normalization of gene expression when assessing liver regeneration attributed to direct hyperplasia.
Takagi
Soichi
S
Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
Ohashi
Kazuo
K
Utoh
Rie
R
Tatsumi
Kohei
K
Shima
Midori
M
Okano
Teruo
T
D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005819:Genetic Markers; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase / Q000235:genetics; D011725:Pyridines / Q000633:toxicity; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D005819:Genetic Markers; D011725:Pyridines; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; C056368:ribosomal protein L4; C028474:1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase