title: Gamete cytogenetic study in couples with implantation failure: aneuploidy rate is increased in both couple members.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Implantation failure is known to be associated with an increased risk of aneuploidy in embryos, a situation leading to a pre-implantation genetic screening, not allowed in different countries like France. Our aim was to evaluate the gamete aneuploidy incidence in this context, using first polar body and spermatozoa aneuploidy screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups were considered: 11 couples with pregnancy obtained after IVF for female infertility (group 1); 20 couples with pregnancy obtained after IVF for male infertility (group 2); and 35 couples with implantation failure (group 3). In group 3, 28 couples treated by ICSI volunteered for first polar body analysis (PB1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spermatozoa aneuploidy rate was increased in groups 2 (1.6%) and 3 (2.1%) in comparison to group 1 (0.6%). PB1 aneuploidy rate was 35.4% in group 3. Finally, eight couples (32%) had no particular chromosomal risk in gametes, 15/25 (60%) presented an increased spermatic (>2%) or oocyte (>1/3) aneuploidy rate, and 2/25 (8%) had both.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Those results confirm that implantation failure has a heterogeneous origin, that gamete chromosome abnormality rate is one of the major contributing factors, and that 1st Polar body and spermatozoa aneuploidy screening or pre-implantation genetics screening may be indicated for these couples.
authors.affiliation: Department of reproductive biology, CHI Poissy-St-Germain, 78303, Poissy, France. fvialard@hotmail.com
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vialard
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hammoud
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Molina-Gomes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wainer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bergere
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bailly
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Mazancourt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Selva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000782:Aneuploidy; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D013076:Sperm Count; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000235:genetics; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure