title: The application of a mulch biofilm barrier for surfactant enhanced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioremediation.
abstract: Lab scale mulch biofilm barriers were constructed and tested to evaluate their performance for preventing the migration of aqueous and surfactant solubilized PAHs. The spatial distribution of viable PAH degrader populations and resultant biofilm formation were also monitored to evaluate the performance of the biobarrier and the prolonged surfactant effect on the PAH degrading microorganism consortia in the biobarrier. Sorption and biodegradation of PAHs resulted in stable operation of the system for dissolved phenanthrene and pyrene during 150 days of experimentation. The nonionic surfactant could increase the solubility of phenanthrene and pyrene significantly. However, the biobarrier itself couldn't totally prevent the migration of micellar solubilized phenanthrene and pyrene. The presence of surfactant and the resultant highly increased phenanthrene or pyrene concentration didn't appear to cause toxic effects on the attached biofilm in the biobarrier. However, the presence of surfactant did change the structural composition of the biofilm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati, 765 Baldwin Hall, PO Box 210071, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0071, USA.
authors.forename: Youngwoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Woo-Hyung
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sorial
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Bishop
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018441:Biofilms; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D008823:Micelles; D017830:Octoxynol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D010944:Plants; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011721:Pyrenes; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D012995:Solubility; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008823:Micelles; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011721:Pyrenes; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C031181:phenanthrene; D017830:Octoxynol; C030984:pyrene