A genomic island of an extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli Strain enables the metabolism of fructooligosaccharides, which improves intestinal colonization.
Prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are increasingly being used in some countries for improving human and animal health and as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in animals, with various degrees of success. It has been observed that FOS stimulate the proliferation of probiotic bacteria and, at the same time, decrease the population of bacteria associated with disease. This observation assumes that pathogenic bacteria do not metabolize FOS and, therefore, lose their competitive advantage over beneficial bacteria. Here we present evidence that some pathogenic Escherichia coli strains can metabolize FOS and show that this property helps the bacterium colonize the intestine. These findings highlight the potential risk that a high level of prebiotic usage could lead to the emergence of well-adapted pathogenic strains that metabolize prebiotic substances.
Schouler
Catherine
C
INRA, UR1282, Animal Infectiology and Public Health Unit, Bacterial Pathogenicity Laboratory, Tours Research Center, F-37380 Nouzilly, France. catherine.schouler@tours.inra.fr
Taki
Ahmed
A
Chouikha
Iman
I
Moulin-Schouleur
Maryvonne
M
Gilot
Philippe
P
D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000503:physiopathology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000382:microbiology*; D016762:Genes, fos; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006027:Glycosides / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010957:Plasmids; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology
D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006027:Glycosides; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D005632:Fructose