title: Immunohistochemical expression of GCIP in breast carcinoma: relationship with tumour grade, disease-free survival, mucinous differentiation and response to chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Grap2 and cyclin-D interacting protein (GCIP) is a putative tumour suppressor in human cancer. The aim was to investigate its prognostic significance in human breast carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemical analysis of breast carcinoma specimens from 107 female patients was performed. Decreased cytoplasmic expression of GCIP was detected in breast carcinomas compared with normal ductal epithelium (P < 0.001). Higher GCIP scores were observed in patients with lower histological grade, mucinous carcinomas and better clinical outcome (P < 0.05). Disease-free survival was significantly longer in patients with high GCIP scores than in those with low GCIP scores (P = 0.010). However, GCIP expression was independent of the status of oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, Her-2/neu and cancer stage. Moreover, in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, those with higher GCIP scores showed potentially more reduction of tumour size compared with those with lower GCIP scores (borderline significance, P = 0.053).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current data provide evidence that decreased expression of GCIP in vivo is present in human breast carcinoma and indicate that GCIP is a potential indicator of good prognosis. In patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, it may also have predictive value for the chemotherapeutic response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College and Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: W-C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: P-F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Y-T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: M-C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: T-W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D014157:Transcription Factors; C485815:CCNDBP1 protein, human