title: Determination of fluoride in oxides with the fluoride-ion activity electrode.
abstract: The application of the fluoride-ion activity electrode to the determination of fluoride in various samples has been studied. Samples are decomposed by fusion and the fluoride concentration is determined by a standard-addition or a direct method. The standard-addition method is unsuitable, owing to a positive bias. The direct method, however, is rapid, accurate and precise. The fluoride content of exploration ores, fluorspar, opal glass, phosphate rock and various production samples, has been successfully determined. The success of the direct method depends on the effectiveness of the system used to buffer pH and ionic strength and complex possible interferences (Al(3+), Ca(2+), Fe(3+)). The effect of interferences has been studied and found to be minimal. The procedures are rapid and accurate and may be substituted for the traditional Willard and Winter or pyro hydrolysis methods, with considerable saving of time.
authors.affiliation: Union Carbide Corporation Mining and Metals Division Niagara Falls, New York 14302, U.S.A.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ladd