title: Immunogenic oxidized low-density lipoprotein/beta2-glycoprotein I complexes in the diagnostic management of atherosclerosis.
abstract: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) promotes atherosclerosis through a complex interaction of inflammatory and immunologic factors that lead to macrophage lipid uptake and foam cell formation. OxLDL interacts with beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) forming oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes. These complexes may be formed in the arterial intima during atherogenesis and released into the circulation. Autoantibodies against oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes have been demonstrated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and/or antiphospholipid syndrome, and shown to be significantly associated with arterial thrombosis. The observation that monoclonal autoantibodies against oxLDL/beta2GPI complexes significantly increased the oxLDL uptake by macrophages strongly suggests that such IgG autoantibodies are pro-atherogenic. In this article, we review the recent progress in our understanding of LDL oxidation, oxLDL/beta2GPI complex formation, and immune regulation of atherogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Corgenix, Inc., Broomfield, CO 80020, USA. llopez@corgenix.com
authors.forename: Luis R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yukana
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsunami
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matsuura
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D015551:Autoimmunity; D005487:Foam Cells; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein