title: Alpha-lipoic acid and ebselen prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat intestine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), generated during tissue reperfusion, are characteristic of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We conducted this study to evaluate the protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid (alpha-LA) and ebselen against intestinal I/R injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: a sham-operated group; an I/R group, subjected to intestinal ischemia for 45 min and reperfusion for 3 days; an I/R+alpha-LA group; an I/R+ebselen group; and an I/R+alpha-LA+ebselen group. We collected ileal specimens, to measure the tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl content (PCC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and to evaluate the histologic changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant decrease in SOD and GPx levels, with an increase in MDA and PCC levels and intestinal mucosal injury in the intestinal I/R group (P<0.05). Superoxide dismutase and GPx levels were significantly higher, MDA and PCC levels were significantly lower, and intestinal injury was significantly less severe in the I/R+alpha-LA+ebselen group than in the I/R group (P<0.05). Although shortened villi and epithelial lifting were seen in the I/R group, only slight mucosal injury was seen in the treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  alpha-Lipoic acid and ebselen played an important role in attenuating I/R injury of the intestine by scavenging ROS and RNS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Ankara, 06018, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guven
authors.forename: Turan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tunc
authors.forename: Turgut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Topal
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kul
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gundogdu
authors.forename: Onder
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Onguru
authors.forename: Haluk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozturk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001393:Azoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007421:Intestine, Small; D054833:Isoindoles; D008297:Male; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001393:Azoles; D054833:Isoindoles; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; C042986:ebselen; D008063:Thioctic Acid