title: Determination of orthophosphates using a macro segmented flow analyzer (MSFA) based on colorimetric detection.
abstract: Fabrication of a macro segmented flow analysis (MSFA) system based on reconfiguration of the manifold by adjustment of the sample/reagent ratio, has been found to produce a sensitive method for orthophosphate analysis based on colorimetric detection at 880nm. Optimization of sample tube length, reaction temperature and molybdate concentration in the carrier solutions has been carried out. The larger sample tube internal diameter led to the combined advantages of better sensitivities, wider working range and higher sample throughput over most existing methods. Using the optimized conditions of 50.0cm sample tube length (1.6mm i.d.), 37.0 degrees C reaction temperature and 0.0113M molybdate concentration in the carrier solution, the calibration model for orthophosphate standard solutions was found to be linear (y = 0.04895x + 0.003561; correlation coefficient, r(2)=0.9970) over the working range 0.01-2.00mgl(-1) orthophosphate. The volume of the sample injected was 1.396ml at a flow rate of 6.0mlmin(-1). The sample throughput of this MSFA method was 40 samples per an hour, with a detection limit of 4.0mugl(-1), and %R.S.D.'s below 5%. The MSFA method was successfully applied to analysis of water and wastewater samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Botswana, Private Bag 0704, Gaborone, Botswana.
authors.forename: J R E
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Thabano
authors.forename: C Tjell
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Jens
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Sawula