title: [The role of group II and III metabotropic glutamate receptors in modulation of miniature synaptic activity in frog spinal cord motoneurons].
abstract: The results of present work demonstrate significant modulating effects mediated by group II and III mGluRs on miniature postsynaptic potentials (mPSP) of the frog spinal motoneurons. The mode of group II and III mGluRs ligands influences, i. e. the changes in the mPSPs average frequency without significant changes in their average amplitude, suggests the presynaptic mechanism of modulation by the change in transmitter release. Selective antagonists of group II and III mGluRs (EGLU and MAP4) increased the average frequency of mPSPs by 52.8 +/- 30.2% (in 4 of 6 motoneurons) and by 54.7 +/- 23.7% (in all 7 motoneurons), respectively. Application of the group III mGluRs agonist LAP4 decreased the mPSPs frequency by 21.8 +/- 5.2% in 3 of 5 motoneurons. The efficiency of the antagonist usage and comparative low efficiency of the agonist suggest that presynaptic mGluRs at motoneuronal synapses under normal condition possess some level of tonic activity. The lack of group II mGluR antagonist effect on some motoneurons appears to be explained by specific localization of the group II mGluRs in preterminal area which is distant from the transmitter release site. The hetero-receptor modulation of pharmacologically isolated inhibitory miniature activity and its glycine- and GABAergic fractions by group III mGluRs was investigated. MAP4 application has been shown to increase the glycine-mediated mlPSPs frequency more than GABA-mediated mlPSPs frequency: in average by 97.6 +/- 20.7% (n = 7) and 54.6 +/- 20.8% (n = 5), respectively. This difference may be due to the segregation of the postsynaptic glycine- and GABA-receptors. The preliminary examination of the convergence of the presynaptic mGluRs and metabotropic GABA(B) receptors influences on GABA-mediated IPSPs was undertaken. It has been shown that presynaptic GABA(B) receptors are tonically active under normal condition. Under condition of GABA(B) receptor blockage by phaclofen, the application of group III mGluR agonist L-AP4 elicited typical effect which was completely taken off by subsequent application of the group III mGluRs antagonist MAP4. This result is in accordance with the assumption that the effects mediated by GABA(B) receptors and mGluRs are independent.
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Karamian
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Kozhanov
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Masalov
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Chmykhova
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Veselkin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011895:Rana ridibunda; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005971:Glutamates; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; C017302:alpha-ethylglutamic acid