title: Skin reactions induced by experimental exposure to setae from larvae of the northern pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pinivora).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Moth larvae that carry noxious hairs (setae) are spread worldwide. A population of the northern pine processionary moth (Thaumetopoea pinivora, TP) is present on the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea. This study aimed to evaluate the local skin reactions following experimental exposure to TP setae.
  
  
  METHODS
  A drop of setae suspension was applied on the volar forearm of six volunteers. The local skin reactions were studied by microscopy and skin perfusion using laser Doppler (LD) scanning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Setae penetrated into the skin, and LD scanning showed marked increase in blood perfusion in all subjects. In two, with a history of severe symptoms, microscopic vacuoles developed around setae, followed by desquamation and severe symptoms. Remaining individuals, with only light symptoms during previous exposure, exhibited only mild reactions that disappeared within 3 weeks. In none of the volunteers, immunoglobulin (Ig) E or IgG4 antibodies to larval antigens were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Experimental skin exposure to TP setae induces local inflammatory reactions independent of earlier exposure to TP. The degree of reaction correlated well with the magnitude of symptoms during natural exposure. The initial reaction mimics a 'foreign body reaction' that varies depending on individual predisposition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, S-17176 Stockholm, Sweden. fag.ben@telia.com
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fagrell
authors.forename: Gun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jörneskog
authors.forename: Ann-Christin
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Salomonsson
authors.forename: Stig
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Go Ran
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Holm
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D008853:Microscopy; D009036:Moths / Q000276:immunology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012882:Skin Tests; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007073:Immunoglobulin E