title: Biological toxicities of emissions from an unmodified engine fueled with diesel and biodiesel blend.
abstract: Conventional diesel and palm oil methyl esters were blended in 6 ratios (0, 10, 30, 50, 75 and 100% of biodiesel by volume) and fed into an unmodified 4-stroke engine with a constant output power. The semi-volatile and particulate products in the exhaust were collected separately and their biological toxicities evaluated by both Microtox test and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The Microtox test indicates that the TUVs (toxicity unit per liter exhaust sampled, TU/L-exhaust) in the semi-volatile extracts were 3 to 5 times those of the particulate extracts. Diesel particulates had the highest unit toxicity, TUW (toxicity unit per microg soluble organic fraction of particulate, TU/microg particle SOF) of all of the other biodiesel blends. According to the Microtox tests results, the effect of biodiesel blending in MTT assay demonstrated higher toxicity in the semi-volatile products than the particulates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yu-Yin
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ta-Chang
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ying-Jan
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei-Lun
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri / Q000187:drug effects; D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D002460:Cell Line; D005742:Gasoline; D006801:Humans; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000032:analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D005742:Gasoline; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D002248:Carbon Monoxide