title: Headspace sorptive extraction using silicone tubes for the determination of chlorobenzenes in water.
abstract: A new approach for headspace sorptive extraction is presented and demonstrated for the determination of 12 chlorobenzenes in water samples. It consists of a silicone tube (15-mm length) arranged around a stainless steel rod. This device is fixed on a septum cap and exposed to the headspace of 50 mL of a salt-saturated water sample. After extraction (60-min optimized extraction time), thermodesorption is carried out by direct insertion of the silicone tube into the thermodesorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry system. Desorption of the analytes is performed at 250 degrees C for 5 min with a gas flow of 50 mL/min. Repeatability (relative standard deviation 5-10%), extraction yields (9-46%), enrichment factors (129-657), and detection limits (0.002-0.012 microg/L) were determined and four real water samples were analyzed with the headspace tube extraction. The results were verified by standard addition. A comparison of headspace tube extraction with other headspace enrichment techniques underlined the high extraction capacity of the proposed method. A big advantage of tube extraction is the low cost of the silicone material. The tubes can be discarded after single use, avoiding carryover problems and cross-contamination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig/Halle, Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany. manuela.schellin@ufz.de
authors.forename: Manuela Schellin
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: van Pinxteren
authors.forename: Larisse
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jäsch
authors.forename: Heidrun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Paschke
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Popp
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002722:Chlorobenzenes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012828:Silicones / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014835:Volatilization; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002722:Chlorobenzenes; D012828:Silicones; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical