title: Overexpression of mitochondrial Hsp70/Hsp75 in rat brain protects mitochondria, reduces oxidative stress, and protects from focal ischemia.
abstract: Mitochondria are known to be central to the cell's response to ischemia, because of their role in energy generation, in free radical generation, and in the regulation of apoptosis. Heat shock protein 75 (Hsp75/Grp75/mortalin/TRAP1) is a member of the HSP70 chaperone family, which is targeted to mitochondria. Overexpression of Hsp75 was achieved in rat brain by DNA transfection, and expression was observed in both astrocytes and neurons. Rats were subjected to 100 mins middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by assessment of infarct volume, neurological score, mitochondrial function, and levels of oxidative stress at 24 h reperfusion. Overexpression of Hsp75 reduced infarct area from 44.6%+/-21.1% to 25.7%+/-12.1% and improved neurological outcome significantly. This was associated with improved mitochondrial function as shown by protection of complex IV activity, marked reduction of free radical generation detected by hydroethidine fluorescence, reduction of lipid peroxidation detected by 4-hydroxy-2-nonenol immunoreactivity, and increased preservation of ATP levels. This suggests that targeting mitochondria for protection may be a useful strategy to reduce ischemic brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5117, USA.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ludmila A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Voloboueva
authors.forename: YiBing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Emery
authors.forename: Rona G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Giffard
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D004579:Electron Transport; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate