title: Incidence and risk factors for surgical intervention after uterine artery embolization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence and risk factors for surgical intervention after uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electronic medical records of all patients who underwent uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine leiomyomata were reviewed. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for any surgical intervention and for hysterectomy alone after uterine artery embolization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Uterine artery embolization was performed in 454 patients during the study period, with a median follow-up time (range) of 14 (0-128) months. Overall, 99 patients (22%) underwent any surgical intervention after uterine artery embolization in the operating room. Risk factors for any surgical intervention included younger age (P < .003), bleeding as an indication for uterine artery embolization (P < .01), presence of significant collateral ovarian vessel contribution to the uterus (P < .01), or use of 355-500 mum particles (P < .008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients undergoing uterine artery embolization have a 22% risk for requiring additional surgical intervention, but overall uterine artery embolization is an effective minimally invasive option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Amy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Justin C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bohrer
authors.forename: Linda D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Gouri B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Diwadkar
authors.forename: Eunice
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: J Eric
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Jelovsek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D015994:Incidence; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011336:Probability; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017211:Treatment Failure; D055357:Uterine Artery Embolization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy