title: Real-time simulation of 4D lung tumor radiotherapy using a breathing model.
abstract: In this paper, we present a real-time simulation and visualization framework that models a deformable surface lung model with tumor, simulates the tumor motion and predicts the amount of radiation doses that would be deposited in the moving lung tumor during the actual delivery of radiation. The model takes as input a subject-specific 4D Computed Tomography (4D CT) of lungs and computes a deformable lung surface model by estimating the deformation properties of the surface model using an inverse dynamics approach. Once computed, the deformable model is used to simulate and visualize lung tumor motion that would occur during radiation therapy accounting for variations in the breathing pattern. A radiation treatment plan for the lung tumor is developed using one of the 4D CT phases. During the simulation of radiation delivery, the dose on the lung tumor is computed for each beam independently.
authors.affiliation: College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, USA. anand.santhanam@orhs.org
authors.forename: Anand P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Santhanam
authors.forename: Twyla
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Willoughby
authors.forename: Amish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Sanford
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meeks
authors.forename: Jannick P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rolland
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kupelian
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003199:Computer Systems; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009038:Motion; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D011881:Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity