title: Estradiol valerate as a possible endocrine reproductive disruptor: evidence from an in vivo rat model.
abstract: We used an in vivo rat model to demonstrate that low-dose intradermal exposure to E(2) valerate has an inverse effect on the female's estrus cycle pattern and can significantly reduce litter size. These results suggest that, under certain circumstances, environmental exposure to exogenous estrogens may play a role as an endocrine disruptor and adversely affect reproductive outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, both affiliated with Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. dseidman@post.tau.ac.il
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Seidman
authors.forename: Alek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Itsekson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alesker
authors.forename: Mati
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zolti
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Carp
authors.forename: Igal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wolman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003270:Contraceptive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004971:Estrus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D008098:Litter Size / Q000187:drug effects; D023421:Models, Animal; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D003270:Contraceptive Agents; D004958:Estradiol