title: The Aurora B kinase activity is required for the maintenance of the differentiated state of murine myoblasts.
abstract: Reversine is a synthetic molecule capable of inducing dedifferentiation of C2C12, a murine myoblast cell line, into multipotent progenitor cells, which can be redirected to differentiate in nonmuscle cell types under appropriate conditions. Reversine is also a potent inhibitor of Aurora B, a protein kinase required for mitotic chromosome segregation, spindle checkpoint function, cytokinesis and histone H3 phosphorylation, raising the possibility that the dedifferentiation capability of reversine is mediated through the inhibition of Aurora B. Indeed, here we show that several other well-characterized Aurora B inhibitors are capable of dedifferentiating C2C12 myoblasts. Significantly, expressing drug-resistant Aurora B mutants, which are insensitive to reversine block the dedifferentiation process, indicating that Aurora B kinase activity is required to maintain the differentiated state. We show that the inhibition of the spindle checkpoint or cytokinesis per se is not sufficient for dedifferentiation. Rather, our data support a model whereby changes in histone H3 phosphorylation result in chromatin remodeling, which in turn restores the multipotent state.
authors.affiliation: CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Amabile
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: D'Alise
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iovino
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santaguida
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Musacchio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cortese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064107:Aurora Kinase B; D064127:Aurora Kinases; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000187:drug effects; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; D009025:Morpholines; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D011687:Purines; C576921:AURKB protein, human; C576924:Aurkb protein, mouse; D064107:Aurora Kinase B; D064127:Aurora Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C484369:2-(4-morpholinoanilino)-6-cyclohexylaminopurine