Organotin pollution in China: an overview of the current state and potential health risk.
In recent years, considerable amounts of organotin compounds have entered the environment due to the wide industrial applications in China. Organotins were found in various environmental media. An overview of organotin contamination and distribution in China from various environmental samples, including waters and sediments, is presented to better understand the current state of organotin pollution in China and to improve environmental monitoring and management of organotin contamination. Exposure to organotin contaminated water and sediments induces accumulation of organotins in molluscs and biological effects such as imposex. Potential harmful effects on human health may also result from consumption of contaminated seafoods. Detailed information on distribution, impacts and assessment of risk to human health and marine ecosystems is discussed and monitoring of TBT using biomarkers is described. This review highlights the serious organotin contamination of coastal cities in China and emphasizes the need for long-term monitoring and the development of an effective regulatory program.
Cao
Dandan
D
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
Jiang
Guibin
G
Zhou
Qunfang
Q
Yang
Ruiqiang
R
D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*
D009947:Organotin Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical