title: Chlorbromuron urea herbicide removal by electro-Fenton reaction in aqueous effluents.
abstract: The removal of low concentration of chlorbromuron herbicide in aqueous systems was carried out by electro-Fenton process comprised of three-electrode divided and undivided cell with a reticulated vitreous carbon cathode and platinum anode. The electro-Fenton was also carried out in a two-electrode undivided cell in which ferrous ion forms from a sacrificial iron anode. It was observed that the total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency was influenced by the cell voltage, the pH of the solution and initial herbicide concentration during the electro-Fenton treatment with a stainless steel anode. The Fe(2+)/Fe(3+) activity in the Fenton chemistry (regardless if it is hydroxyl radical or ferryl ion) was improved by the electrochemical catalysis leading to a TOC analysis below the detection limit (0.2 mg l(-1)) corresponding to a TOC removal over 98%. It was found that TOC removal during chlorbromuron degradation followed apparent first order kinetics. The rate constant was increased by decreasing the initial concentration of chlorbromuron.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. ssilva@uaem.mx
authors.forename: Susana Silva
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Cristina Lizama
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Bahena
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon; D004560:Electricity; D004566:Electrodes; D006540:Herbicides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008782:Methylurea Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry*; D014508:Urea / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D008782:Methylurea Compounds; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D012996:Solutions; C014401:chlorbromuron; D002244:Carbon; D014508:Urea; D010100:Oxygen