title: Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome after liver transplantation: case report and literature review.
abstract: Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode that causes human infections and whose life cycle has special features, including autoinfection. Strongyloides infection may be asymptomatic for years, owing to a low parasite load. During immunosuppressive therapy, however, if cellular immunity is depressed, autoinfection can occur at a higher rate, resulting in hyperinfection syndrome. In this specific circumstance, it can become a fatal illness. We describe a case of hyperinfection syndrome in a liver transplant recipient and also review the literature.
authors.affiliation: Transplant Unit, Alfa Institute of Gastroenterology, Clinic Hospital, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. evilela@medicina.ufmg.br
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Vilela
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: R R L
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.forename: H O G
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Veloso
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: de Carvalho E Fonseca
authors.forename: M d C
authors.initials: Md
authors.lastname: Franca
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D012008:Recurrence; D017171:Strongyloides stercoralis; D013322:Strongyloidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D015163:Superinfection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents