title: Recent cigarette smoking and assisted reproductive technologies outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association between recent cigarette smoking (CS) in female and male partners and assisted reproduction technology (ART) outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University ART program in Chile.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixty-six couples seeking pregnancy through ART.
  
  
  METHODS
  Follicular fluid (FF) and serum cotinine concentrations were measured in female partners. Self-reported CS data were collected through personal interviews.
  
  
  METHODS
  The association between female recent smoking, assessed by FF and serum cotinine concentrations, and ART outcomes, such as number of ova retrieved and implantation rates, and the association between self-reported male recent smoking and live birth rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant age-adjusted association between increased FF cotinine level and decreased number of ova retrieved was found. The male partner's smoking habit significantly decreased the live birth rate from 21.1% to 7.8%. Serum cotinine concentrations paralleled those of FF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hypothesis of a detrimental effect of recent female smoking over implantation rates is rejected. However, recent male smoking is associated with significantly decreased live birth rates even after adjusting for confounders. Female recent smoking was significantly associated with decreased number of retrieved ova.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Materno-Infantil, University of Chile, San Borja Arriarán Clinical Hospital, Santiago, Chile. fuentesarielster@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barnhart
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Argüello
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pommer
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000328:Adult; D002677:Chile; D003367:Cotinine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D050498:Live Birth; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D054315:Oocyte Retrieval; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple; D011446:Prospective Studies; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D003367:Cotinine