title: Evaluation of indigenous plant extracts against larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae).
abstract: This study investigates the larvicidal potential of indigenous plant extracts from commonly used medicinal herbs as an environmentally safe measure to control the filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). The early fourth-instar larvae of C. quinquefasciatus, reared in the laboratory, were used for larvicidal assay with water, hot water, acetone, chloroform, and methanol leaf, stem-bark, and flower extracts of Acacia arabica Willd. Sans, Cedrus deodara Roxb, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Mangifera indica L., Nerium indicum Mill., Nicotiana tabacum Linn., Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre, and Solanum nigrum Linn. All plant extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects after 24 h of exposure at 1,000 ppm; however, the highest larval mortality was found in stem-bark hot water, acetone, and methanol extracts of C. deodara (LC50 = 133.85, 141.60, and 95.19 ppm, LC90 = 583.14, 624.19, and 639.99 ppm) and leaf hot water, acetone, methanol, and chloroform extracts of N. tabacum (LC50 = 76.27, 163.81, 83.38, and 105.85 ppm, LC90 = 334.72, 627.38, 709.51, and 524.39 ppm) against the larvae of C. quinquefasciatus, respectively. This is an ideal ecofriendly approach for the control of lymphatic filariasis vector, C. quinquefasciatus.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Bioactive Natural Products, P.G & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam, 632 509, Tamil Nadu, India. abdulrahuman6@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A Abdul
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rahuman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bagavan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kamaraj
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vadivelu
authors.forename: A Abduz
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zahir
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elango
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pandiyan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003465:Culex / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts