title: Induction of cementogenesis and periodontal ligament regeneration by recombinant human transforming growth factor-beta3 in Matrigel with rectus abdominis responding cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In primates and in primates only, the transforming growth factor-b proteins induce endochondral bone formation. Transforming growth factor-b3 also induces periodontal tissue regeneration. Two regenerative treatments using human recombinant transforming growth factor-b3 were examined after implantation in mandibular furcation defects of the nonhuman primate, Papio ursinus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Class III furcation defects were surgically created bilaterally in the mandibular first and second molars of two adult Chacma baboons (P. ursinus). Different doses of recombinant transforming growth factor-beta3 reconstituted with Matrigel matrix were implanted in the rectus abdominis muscle to induce heterotopic ossicles for subsequent transplantation to selected furcation defects. Twenty days after heterotopic implantation, periodontal defects were re-exposed, further debrided and implanted with minced fragments of induced heterotopic ossicles. Contralateral class III furcation defects were implanted directly with recombinant transforming growth factor-beta3 in Matrigel matrix with the addition of minced fragments of autogenous rectus abdominis muscle. Treated quadrants were not subjected to oral hygiene procedures so as to study the effect of the direct application of the recombinant morphogen in Matrigel on periodontal healing. Histomorphometric analyses on undecalcified sections cut from specimen blocks harvested on day 60 measured the area of newly formed alveolar bone and the coronal extension of the newly formed cementum along the exposed root surfaces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Morphometric analyses showed greater alveolar bone regeneration and cementogenesis in furcation defects implanted directly with 75 microg of transforming growth factor-beta3 in Matrigel matrix with the addition of minced muscle tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Matrigel matrix is an optimal delivery system for the osteogenic proteins of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, including the mammalian transforming growth factor-beta3 isoform. The addition of minced fragments of rectus abdominis muscle provides responding stem cells for further tissue induction and morphogenesis by the transforming growth factor-beta3 protein.
authors.affiliation: Bone Research Unit, Medical Research Council/University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. ugo.ripamonti@wits.ac.za
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ripamonti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parak
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Petit
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D025021:Cementogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D003094:Collagen; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D017823:Furcation Defects / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007797:Laminin; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D010215:Papio; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000187:drug effects*; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000637:transplantation*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3; C059485:matrigel; D003094:Collagen