title: The M235T variant of the angiotensinogen gene is related to development of self-reported hypertension during pregnancy: the Prospect-EPIC cohort study.
abstract: Angiotensinogen gene (AGT) M235T polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of hypertension. It is unknown whether this mutation also leads to an increased risk of development of high blood pressure (BP) in pregnancy. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of this polymorphism with elevated blood pressure during pregnancy in a population of healthy Dutch women. We studied a randomly selected sample of 1,736 middle-aged women who participated in a prospective cohort study of 17,357 Dutch women. After excluding those who had never been pregnant or those with missing data, 429 women with and 921 women without a history of elevated BP during pregnancy remained for further analyses. History of hypertension in pregnancy was assessed using a questionnaire, and confirmed cases varied in severity from mild blood pressure elevation to pre-eclampsia. Individuals with the TT genotype were more likely to have had a history of elevated BP during pregnancy than those with the MM genotype (odds ratio [OR] = 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-2.01; p = 0.04). In heterozygote individuals (MT) an increased risk was found, which did not reach statistical significance (OR = 1.24; 95% CI, 0.96-1.60; p = 0.11). Under both dominant and additive genetic models, the M235T polymorphism was associated with a history of elevated blood pressure during pregnancy, with ORs of 1.29 (95% CI, 1.01-1.64; p = 0.04) and 1.20 (95% CI, 1.02-1.42; p = 0.03), respectively. The findings of this study among Caucasian Dutch women, aged 49 to 70 years, demonstrated that the presence of the T allele of the M235T polymorphism in the AGT is associated with self-reported hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, Str 6.131, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hadi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zafarmand
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franx
authors.forename: Siamak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabour
authors.forename: Yvonne T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: van der Schouw
authors.forename: Diederick E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Grobbee
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: de Leeuw
authors.forename: Michiel L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bots
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000808:Angiotensinogen