title: Distinct apical and basolateral membrane requirements for stretch-induced membrane traffic at the apical surface of bladder umbrella cells.
abstract: Epithelial cells respond to mechanical stimuli by increasing exocytosis, endocytosis, and ion transport, but how these processes are initiated and coordinated and the mechanotransduction pathways involved are not well understood. We observed that in response to a dynamic mechanical environment, increased apical membrane tension, but not pressure, stimulated apical membrane exocytosis and ion transport in bladder umbrella cells. The exocytic response was independent of temperature but required the cytoskeleton and the activity of a nonselective cation channel and the epithelial sodium channel. The subsequent increase in basolateral membrane tension had the opposite effect and triggered the compensatory endocytosis of added apical membrane, which was modulated by opening of basolateral K(+) channels. Our results indicate that during the dynamic processes of bladder filling and voiding apical membrane dynamics depend on sequential and coordinated mechanotransduction events at both membrane domains of the umbrella cell.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Epithelial Cell Biology and Renal Electrolyte Division of the Department of Medicine, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: Weiqun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Puneet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khandelwal
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Apodaca
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D051381:Rats; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019459:Urothelium / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels