title: Histomorphometric analysis of the osseointegration of four different implant surfaces in the femoral epiphyses of rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The surface properties of titanium dental implants are key parameters for rapid and intimate bone-implant contact. The osseointegration of four implant surfaces was studied in the femoral epiphyses of rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Titanium implants were either grit-blasted with alumina or biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic particles, coated with a thin octacalcium phosphate (OCP) layer, or prepared by large-grit sand blasting and acid-etched (SLA). After 2 and 8 weeks of implantation, the bone-implant contact and bone growth inside the chambers were compared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profilometry showed distinct microtopographies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The alumina-Ti, BCP-Ti and OCP-Ti groups had similar average surface roughness in the 1-2 mum range whereas the SLA surface was significantly higher with a roughness averaging 4.5 microm. Concerning the osseointegration, the study demonstrated a significantly greater bone-to-implant contact for both the SLA and OCP-Ti surfaces as compared with the grit-blasted surfaces, alumina- and BCP-Ti at both 2 and 8 weeks of healing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this animal model, a biomimetic calcium phosphate coating gave similar osseointegration to the SLA surface. This biomimetic coating method may enhance the apposition of bone onto titanium dental implants.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U791, Laboratory for Osteo-Articular and Dental Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Dental Surgery, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Le Guehennec
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goyenvalle
authors.forename: Marco-Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lopez-Heredia
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Amouriq
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Layrolle
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000818:Animals; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004838:Epiphyses / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; C022045:octacalcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium