title: Immunoenzyme assay of nonylphenol: study of selectivity and detection of alkylphenolic non-ionic surfactants in water samples.
abstract: Immunoenzyme assay (ELISA) is proposed and characterized for determination of alkylphenol ethoxylates, a primary class of manufactured non-ionic surfactants. The assay is based on the obtained polyclonal antibodies against nonylphenol (NP), the main stable intermediate of the decomposition of nonylphenol ethoxylates. A mixture of non-modified branched isomers of NP was applied as hapten coupled to protein carriers by Mannich reaction with the use of formaldehyde. The proposed ELISA format is based on immobilized NP-(soybean trypsin inhibitor) conjugate as a competitor of antigen molecules contained in the tested sample for binding with specific antibodies indirectly labeled via an anti-species immunoperoxidase conjugate. The developed ELISA allows to reveal NP with the limit of detection about 10ngml(-1) and NP-related compounds such as octylphenol, alkylphenoletoxylates, alkylphenolcarboxylates and their halogenated derivatives. The ELISA was applied for assaying polluted water samples, namely influents and effluents from different wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and tap water. ELISA and chromatographic data demonstrate good correlation (r = 0.94), while ELISA gives higher values. Due to endocrine disrupting and other toxic activities of some metabolites of alkylphenolic non-ionic surfactants, the developed assay may be effectively used in ecological monitoring and sanitary control.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Andrey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mart'ianov
authors.forename: Boris B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Dzantiev
authors.forename: Anatoly V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Zherdev
authors.forename: Sergei A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Eremin
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cespedes
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrovic
authors.forename: Damia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barcelo