title: [Factors associated to heavy bleeding during heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the risk factors related to bleeding in patients subjected to cardiac surgery using an extracorporeal circulation pump.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study of cases and controls was designed performed in adults, matched by age and gender with indication of elective cardiac surgery using an extracorporeal circulation pump. Those patients with hepatic failure or blood coagulation disorders were excluded. Results were analyzed by Student t test, chi-square, and logistic regression analysis, considering p values significant at <0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients with functional class III or IV of the CCS presented more bleeding (p = 0.006), although there were no differences when comparing the ejection fraction in both. Obesity, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension were identified as risk factors. The coronary artery bypass graft, multivessels bypass surgery, and prolonged surgical times are associated to the complication (p < 0.05). According to the discriminant function analysis, the cardiopulmonary derivation time, weight, aortic clamp time, and heparin doses are the factors that better discriminate the possibility of hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heavy bleeding is related to ischemic patients, longer cardiac surgery time, overweight, and heparin doses during surgery.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología Clinica, UMAE 1, IMSS.
authors.forename: Martha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hernández-González
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solorio
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luna-Quintero
authors.forename: Aurelio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Araiza-Guerra
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cruz-Cervantes
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luna-Ramírez
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murillo-Ortiz
authors.forename: Luis Mariano
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Cruz-Márquez-Rico
mesh_terms: D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index