title: Vitamin D3 modulates the expression of bile acid regulatory genes and represses inflammation in bile duct-ligated mice.
abstract: Vitamin D receptor (VDR), a nuclear receptor that regulates calcium homeostasis, has been found to function as a receptor for secondary bile acids. Because the in vivo role of VDR in bile acid metabolism remains unknown, we investigated the effect of VDR activation in a mouse model of cholestasis. We treated mice with 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D(3) [1alpha(OH)D(3)] after bile duct ligation (BDL) and examined mRNA expression and cytokine levels. 1alpha(OH)D(3) treatment altered the expression of genes involved in bile acid synthesis and transport in the liver, kidney, and intestine but did not decrease bile acid levels in the plasma and liver of BDL mice. 1alpha(OH)D(3) treatment suppressed mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the liver and strongly decreased the plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines in BDL mice. These findings indicate that 1alpha(OH)D(3) regulates a network of bile acid metabolic genes and represses proinflammatory cytokine expression in BDL mice. VDR ligands have the potential to prevent the cholestasis-induced inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Michitaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Michiyasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishizawa
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Sadanori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Sadao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amano
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makishima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D002762:Cholecalciferol