title: Combined use of starter cultures and preservatives to control production of biogenic amines and improve sensorial profile in low-acid salami.
abstract: The combined effect of starter culture, nitrites, and nitrates has been studied in low-acidity salamis, typical products of northern Italy. Nine batches have been prepared, combining three different inoculations of starter cultures (control, Lactobacillus plantarum , and Lactobacillus plantarum together with Kocuria varians ) with three different preservatives (control, sodium nitrate, and sodium nitrite). All of the batches showed a good fermentation process with a proper pH decrease, which was quicker in batches inoculated with L. plantarum. The use of starter cultures and in particular the use of nitrites allowed the control of the proliferation of Enterobacteriaceae and enterococci. The accumulation of biogenic amines, especially putrescine, cadaverine, tryptamine, and tyramine, in salami ready for consumption (60 days of ripening) was strongly affected by the presence of Enterobacteriaceae and enterococci. Results obtained showed that the combined use of adequate preservatives and starter cultures allows the production of safer products with improved sensorial profile.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti Alma Mater Studiorum, Universita di Bologna, Reggio Emilia, Italy. fabio.coloretti@unibo.it
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coloretti
authors.forename: Cristiana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiavari
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Armaforte
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carri
authors.forename: Gian Battista
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Castagnetti
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007558:Italy; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology*; D008835:Micrococcaceae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D001679:Biogenic Amines; D005520:Food Preservatives; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites