title: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry as a powerful tool in biomarker discovery and clinical diagnosis: an update of recent developments.
abstract: Proteome analysis has emerged as a powerful technology to decipher biological processes. One of the main goals is to discover biomarkers for diseases from tissues and body fluids. However, the complexity and wide dynamic range of protein expression present an enormous challenge to separation technologies and mass spectrometry (MS). In this review, we examine the limitations of proteomics, and aim towards the definition of the current key prerequisites. We focus on capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry (CE-MS), because this technique continues to show great promise. We discuss CE-MS from an application point of view, and evaluate its merits and vices for biomarker discovery and clinical applications. Finally, we present several examples on the use of CE-MS to determine urinary biomarkers and implications for disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Mosaiques Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Hannover, Germany. mischak@mosaiques-diagnostics.com
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mischak
authors.forename: Joshua J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Coon
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Weissinger
authors.forename: Joost P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Schanstra
authors.forename: Anna F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Dominiczak
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D019937:Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011506:Proteins; D020543:Proteome