Mixture for controlling insecticide-resistant malaria vectors.
The spread of resistance to pyrethroids in the major Afrotropical malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae s.s. necessitates the development of new strategies to control resistant mosquito populations. To test the efficacy of nets treated with repellent and insecticide against susceptible and insecticide-resistant An. gambiae mosquito populations, we impregnated mosquito bed nets with an insect repellent mixed with a low dose of organophosphorous insecticide and tested them in a rice-growing area near Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. During the first 2 weeks posttreatment, the mixture was as effective as deltamethrin alone and was more effective at killing An. gambiae that carried knockdown resistance (kdr) or insensitive acetylcholinesterase resistance (Ace1R) genes. The mixture seemed to not kill more susceptible genotypes for the kdr or Ace1R alleles. Mixing repellents and organophosphates on bed nets could be used to control insecticide-resistant malaria vectors if residual activity of the mixture is extended and safety is verified.
Pennetier
Cédric
C
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Cotonou, Bénin, France. c.pennetier@sussex.ac.uk
Costantini
Carlo
C
Corbel
Vincent
V
Licciardi
Séverine
S
Dabiré
Roch K
RK
Lapied
Bruno
B
Chandre
Fabrice
F
Hougard
Jean-Marc
JM
D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D002050:Burkina Faso; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D003671:DEET / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D017344:Genes, Insect / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology
D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007302:Insect Repellents; D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010880:Piperidines; D011722:Pyrethrins; D003671:DEET; C014153:pirimiphos methyl; C017180:decamethrin; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; C483506:picaridin