title: Simultaneous double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with autogenous hamstring tendons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of simultaneous double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed arthroscopic reconstruction in 21 cases of combined ACL/PCL rupture, 14 chronic and 7 acute, with autogenous hamstring tendons in 1 stage, both in a double-bundle and 4-tunnel manner. The semitendinosus tendon and gracilis tendon from the uninjured leg were used to make two 4-stranded grafts to reconstruct the PCL, and those from the injured leg were used to make two 4-stranded grafts to reconstruct the ACL. The grafts were suspended with a mini-plate and buttons. The patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years and evaluated according to the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Lysholm rating scale. The anterior-posterior knee laxity was assessed by KT-1000 examination (MEDmetric, San Diego, CA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the last follow-up, all patients showed normal knee extension. One patient had a 10 degrees flexion limitation, and four had a 5 degrees flexion limitation. KT-1000 examination showed that the side-to-side difference in overall anterior-posterior laxity at 70 degrees flexion was 0 to 2 mm in 16 patients, 3 to 5 mm in 4 patients, and 6 to 10 mm in 1 patient; the side-to-side difference in overall anterior-posterior laxity at 25 degrees flexion was 0 to 2 mm in 14 patients, 3 to 5 mm in 6 patients, and 6 to 10 mm in 1 patient. The IKDC subjective, Lysholm, and Tegner scores were 85.5 +/- 5.8, 91.9 +/- 4.2, and 5.0 +/- 1.9, respectively. According to the last IKDC evaluation, the results were graded as normal in 13 patients (61.9%), nearly normal in 7 patients (33.3%), and abnormal in 1 patient (4.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Simultaneous double-bundle ACL and PCL reconstruction with autogenous hamstring tendons can yield normal results in 61.9% of patients and nearly normal results in 33.3% at a minimum of 2 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level IV, therapeutic case series.
authors.affiliation: Department of Arthroscopic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. zhaojinzhong@vip.163.com
authors.forename: Jinzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiaoqiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huangfu
authors.forename: Yaohua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xingguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery* / Q000637:transplantation; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017888:Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee / Q000601:surgery; D009043:Motor Activity; D017847:Patellar Ligament / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery* / Q000637:transplantation; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery* / Q000637:transplantation; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous