Expression and localization of two-pore domain K(+) channels in bovine germ cells.
Two-pore domain K(+) (K(2P)) channels that help set the resting membrane potential of excitable and nonexcitable cells are expressed in many kinds of cells and tissues. However, the expression of K(2P) channels has not yet been reported in bovine germ cells. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that K(2P) channels are expressed in the reproductive organs and germ cells of Korean cattle. RT-PCR data showed that members of the K(2P) channel family, specifically KCNK3, KCNK9, KCNK2, KCNK10, and KCNK4, were expressed in the ovary, testis, oocytes, embryo, and sperm. Out of these channels, KCNK2 and KCNK4 mRNAs were abundantly expressed in the mature oocytes, eight-cell stage embryos, and blastocysts compared with immature oocytes. KCNK4 and KCNK3 were significantly increased in eight-cell stage embryos. Immunocytochemical data showed that KCNK2, KCNK10, KCNK4, KCNK3, and KCNK9 channel proteins were expressed at the membrane of oocytes and blastocysts. KCNK10 and KCNK4 were strongly expressed and distributed in oocyte membranes. These channel proteins were also localized to the acrosome sperm cap. In particular, KCNK3 and KCNK4 were strongly localized to the post-acrosomal region of the sperm head and the equatorial band within the sperm head respectively. These results suggest that K(2P) channels might contribute to the background K(+) conductance of germ cells and regulate various physiological processes, such as maturation, fertilization, and development.
Hur
Chang-Gi
CG
CHO-A Biotechnology Research Institute, CHO-A Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Seoul, South Korea.
Choe
Changyong
C
Kim
Gyu-Tae
GT
Cho
Seong-Keun
SK
Park
Jae-Yong
JY
Hong
Seong-Geun
SG
Han
Jaehee
J
Kang
Dawon
D
D020101:Acrosome Reaction / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009865:Oocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D010053:Ovary / Q000737:chemistry; D024683:Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013075:Sperm Capacitation / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D013737:Testis / Q000737:chemistry
D017931:DNA Primers; D024683:Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C103742:potassium channel protein TREK-1