title: A common intronic variant of CXCR3 is functionally associated with gene expression levels and the polymorphic immune cell responses to stimuli.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CXCR3 is a chemokine receptor that plays important roles in mediating chemotactic signals and modulating the activation of lymphocytes. We have previously conducted a case-control study by using a candidate gene approach to investigate the association of CXCR3 polymorphisms with the risk of asthma. Results from the epidemiologic study showed that a common nucleotide variant in the CXCR3 intron (rs2280964G>A) was associated with disease susceptibility (1006 cases and 384 control subjects; odds ratio, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69-0.94; P = .007).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to evaluate the epidemiologic study and provide functional evidence for the association of rs2280964G>A with asthma by investigating the effects of intronic variant on chemokine-mediated phenotypes of human-derived T cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used cell line-based in vitro and human primary T cell-based ex vivo studies to examine the functional consequences of the intronic polymorphism, focusing on the regulation of gene expression, splicing, and immune responsiveness toward activating signals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present functional evidence indicating that the rs2280964A allele significantly correlates with decreased CXCR3 gene expression, which would lead to variation in immune cell responses to chemokine-cytokine signals in vitro and ex vivo that includes a decrease in chemotactic activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings, in conjunction with those of our previous epidemiologic studies, might implicate a functional link between a common nucleotide variant of a chemokine receptor gene, CXCR3, and a cause for a complex-trait disease, asthma.
authors.affiliation: Center for Genome Science, the National Institute of Health, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jung-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Choon-Sik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Minyoung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hye-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Hun Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Seong Gyu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Bok-Ghee
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Kuchan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimm
authors.forename: Hyung Lae
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bermseok
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Yeonjung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C515187:CXCR3 protein, human; D018925:Chemokines; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3