title: Case report: Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus: a new cause of human infection, inducing bacteremia in a patient on hemodialysis.
abstract: Paenibacilli are gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that are related to Bacilli but differ in the DNA encoding their 16S rRNA. Until recently, these organisms were not known to cause human disease. There are now several reports of human infection caused by a few members of this genus, most commonly by P. alvei. We report a human infection in a patient with a permacath for chronic hemodialysis who was found to have bacteremia caused by P. thiaminolyticus, which is an environmental bacterium that has never been found to cause human disease. We identified this bacterium by biochemical tests, cloning, sequencing the genomic DNA encoding its 16S rRNA, growth characteristics, and electron microscopic studies. This constitutes the first report of a human infection caused by this organism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11209, USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Zhiheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lutwick
authors.forename: Sharvari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dalal
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cassai
authors.forename: Kuldip
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sandhu
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: Rosemary L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Wieczorek
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bluth
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pincus
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S