title: Human cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2 participate in detoxication of carcinogenic aristolochic acid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A carcinogenic and nephrotoxic plant alkaloid, aristolochic acid (AA), causes the development of aristolochic acid nephropathy, which is characterized by chronic renal failure, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and urothelial cancer. AA may also cause a similar type of kidney fibrosis with malignant transformation of the urothelium, the Balkan endemic nephropathy. The aim of the study was to resolve which cytochromes P450 (CYP) detoxicate the major component of AA, aristolochic acid I (AAI), to its O-demethylated metabolite, aristolochic acid Ia (AAIa).
  
  
  METHODS
  High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed for separation and characterization of AAI metabolites generated by CYPs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Human, rat and mouse hepatic CYPs oxidize AAI into its detoxication metabolite AAIa. Most of the detoxication of AAI in human hepatic microsomes is mediated by CYP1A2 and 1A1, while other CYPs play a minor role.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data are the first report on identification of human CYP enzymes detoxicating AAI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sistkova
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hudecek
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hodek
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frei
authors.forename: Heinz H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Schmeiser
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stiborova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D034341:Aristolochic Acids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D034341:Aristolochic Acids; D002273:Carcinogens; C000228:aristolochic acid I; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2