title: Expression of antizyme inhibitor 2 in male haploid germinal cells suggests a role in spermiogenesis.
abstract: Recently, we have found that the antizyme inhibitor 2, a novel member of the antizyme binding proteins related to polyamine metabolism, was expressed mainly in the adult testes, although its function in testicular physiology is completely unknown. Therefore, in the present work, the spatial and temporal expression of antizyme inhibitor 2, and other genes related to polyamine metabolism were studied in the mouse testis, in an attempt to understand the role of antizyme inhibitor 2 in testicular functions. For that purpose, the temporal expression of different genes, during the first wave of spermatogenesis in postnatal mice, was studied by real-time RT-PCR, and the spatial distribution of transcripts and protein in the adult testis was examined by both RNA in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. The results indicated that antizyme inhibitor 2 was specifically expressed in the haploid germinal cells, similarly to antizyme 3, the testis specific antizyme. Conversely, ornithine decarboxylase mRNA was mainly found in the outer part of the seminiferous tubules where spermatogonia and spermatocytes are located. Functional transfection assays and co-immunoprecipitation experiments corroborated that antizyme inhibitor 2 counteracts the negative action of antizyme 3 on polyamine biosynthesis and uptake. All these results indicate that the expression of antizyme inhibitor 2 is postnatally regulated and strongly suggest that antizyme inhibitor 2 may have a role in spermiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain. anjoalop@um.es
authors.forename: Andrés J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: López-Contreras
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramos-Molina
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-de-la-Torre
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peñafiel-Verdú
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Puelles
authors.forename: Asunción
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cremades
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peñafiel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D006238:Haploidy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012671:Seminiferous Tubules / Q000378:metabolism; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013093:Spermatogonia / Q000378:metabolism; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C039317:ornithine decarboxylase antizyme inhibitor