title: Effect of HF addition on the microwave-assisted acid-digestion for the determination of metals in coal by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry.
abstract: The microwave-assisted acid-digestion for the determination of metals in coal by ICP-AES was investigated, especially focusing on the necessity of adding HF. By testing five certified reference materials, BCR-180, BCR-040, NIST-1632b, NIST-1632c, and SARM-20, it was found that the two-stage digestion without HF (HNO(3)+H(2)O(2) was used) was very effective for the pretreatment of ICP-AES measurement. Both major metals (Al, Ca, Fe, and Mg) and minor or trace metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in coal gave good recoveries for their certified or reference values. The possibility of 'HF-memory effect' was cancelled by the use of a set of vessels which had been never contacted with HF. Twenty-four Japanese standard coals (SS coals) were analyzed by the present method, and the concentrations of major metals measured by the present method provided very high accordance with those from the authentic JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard) method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, College of Urban Construction and Safety & Environmental Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Jiangsu, PR China.
authors.forename: Yan-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwashita
authors.forename: Tsunenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takanashi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohki