title: Reduced Erlotinib sensitivity of epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant non-small cell lung cancer following cisplatin exposure: a cell culture model of second-line erlotinib treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase inhibitors induce dramatic clinical responses in a subset of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with advanced disease, and such responses are correlated with the presence of somatic activating mutations within the EGFR kinase domain. Consequently, one of these inhibitors, erlotinib, has been Food and Drug Administration-approved as a second- or third-line treatment for chemotherapy-refractory advanced NSCLC. However, responses are typically relatively short-lived due to acquired drug resistance, prompting studies to determine whether first-line treatment with EGFR inhibitors could provide greater clinical benefit. NSCLC-derived cell lines have provided a powerful system for modeling EGFR mutation-correlated sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors and for modeling mechanisms of acquired drug resistance that are observed clinically.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cell culture model of an erlotinib-sensitive EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell line, we tested the hypothesis that prior exposure to platinum agents, a standard component of NSCLC chemotherapy treatment, affects the subsequent response to erlotinib.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Indeed, NSCLC cells initially selected for growth in cisplatin exhibit 5-fold reduced sensitivity to erlotinib, even after propagating the cisplatin-treated cells in the absence of cisplatin for several months. This lingering effect of cisplatin exposure appears to reflect changes in PTEN tumor suppressor activity and persistent EGFR-independent signaling through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT survival pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preclinical findings suggest that first-line chemotherapy treatment of EGFR-mutant NSCLCs may reduce the benefit of subsequent treatment with EGFR kinase inhibitors and should prompt further clinical investigation of these inhibitors as a first-line therapy in NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Therapeutics, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Tan Min
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Margaret P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Quinlan
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Lecia V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Sequist
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Haber
authors.forename: Sreenath V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Settleman
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D011799:Quinazolines; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt; D002945:Cisplatin