Treatment of experimental periodontal disease by photodynamic therapy in rats with diabetes.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to evaluate histologically and histometrically the influence of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjuvant treatment on induced periodontitis in rats with diabetes.


METHODS
Two hundred forty rats were divided evenly into two groups: non-diabetic (ND; n = 120) and alloxan diabetic (D; n = 120). Periodontal disease was induced in both groups at the first mandibular molar. After 7 days, the ligature was removed, and all animals underwent scaling and root planing (SRP) and were divided according to the following treatments: irrigation with saline solution (SRP); irrigation with a phenothiazinium dye (100 microg/ml) (TBO); laser irradiation (660 nm, 24 J) (LLLT); and PDT (TBO and laser irradiation). Ten animals in each experimental group and treatment subgroup were euthanized at 7, 15, and 30 days. The histometric values were analyzed statistically (P <0.05).


RESULTS
In the ND group, the animals treated by PDT showed less bone loss (0.33 +/- 0.05 mm(2), 0.35 +/- 0.06 mm(2), and 0.27 +/- 0.07 mm(2) at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively; P <0.05) at all experimental periods than the SRP group (1.11 +/- 0.11 mm(2), 0.84 +/- 0.12 mm(2), and 0.97 +/- 0.13 mm(2) at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively), the TBO group (0.51 +/- 0.12 mm(2), 0.70 +/- 0.13 mm(2), and 0.64 +/- 0.08 mm(2) at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively), and the LLLT group (0.59 +/- 0.03 mm(2), 0.61 +/- 0.04 mm(2), and 0.60 +/- 0.03 mm(2) at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively). In the D group, the animals treated by PDT showed less bone loss (0.29 +/- 0.03 mm(2), 0.24 +/- 0.02 mm(2), and 0.27 +/- 0.06 mm(2) at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively; P <0.05) at all experimental periods than the SRP group (2.27 +/- 0.47 mm(2), 3.23 +/- 0.34 mm(2), and 2.82 +/- 0.75 mm(2) at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively), the TBO group (0.51 +/- 0.15 mm(2), 0.44 +/- 0.07 mm(2), and 0.57 +/- 0.13 mm(2) at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively), and the LLLT group (0.37 +/- 0.05 mm(2), 0.35 +/- 0.09 mm(2), and 0.39 +/- 0.12 mm(2) at 7, 15, and 30 days, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
PDT was a beneficial adjuvant treatment for periodontal diseases induced by bacterial plaque and systemically modified by diabetes mellitus.
de Almeida
Juliano Milanezi
JM
Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
Theodoro
Leticia Helena
LH
Bosco
Alvaro Francisco
AF
Nagata
Maria José Hitomi
MJ
Bonfante
Samara
S
Garcia
Valdir Gouveia
VG
D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017823:Furcation Defects / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010640:Phenothiazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D010640:Phenothiazines; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents