title: Overexpression of EGFR and absence of C-KIT expression correlate with poor prognosis in salivary gland carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prognostic impact of expression of receptor tyrosine kinases epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, and C-KIT in relation to established clinicopathological parameters in salivary gland carcinomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemistry for EGFR, HER2, C-KIT and the proliferation marker Ki67 was performed in 101 cases of salivary gland carcinoma and related to long-term clinical follow-up. Immunopositivity of C-KIT was common in adenoid cystic carcinoma (92%). Lack of C-KIT expression occurred in salivary duct carcinoma (P < 0.001) and was associated with high-grade tumours (P = 0.002), positive lymph nodes (P = 0.002) and high expression of Ki67 (P = 0.001). HER2 was typically expressed in salivary duct carcinomas (83%), but was not associated with any other parameter. EGFR overexpression occurred independently of histological type and clinical parameters. On univariate survival analysis, overexpression of EGFR (P = 0.011) and lack of C-KIT (P = 0.014) were associated with worse prognosis, whereas HER2 was of no prognostic significance. On multivariate analysis, the strongest negative predictor of survival was high proliferative activity measured by Ki67 (P = 0.002), followed by presence of residual tumour (P = 0.006), overexpression of EGFR (P = 0.026) and advanced tumour stage (P = 0.041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of receptor tyrosine kinases confers additional prognostic impact on disease-specific survival. EGFR overexpression is an independent negative prognostic factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ettl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kleinsasser
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Reichert
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Driemel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000378:metabolism*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D066246:ErbB Receptors; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases