title: Predicting transitory mood from physical activity level among people with severe mental illness in two cultures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have indicated that physical activity (PA) is positively related to health-related quality of life and well-being among people with severe mental illness (SMI). Physical activity is broadly defined in this research as any skeletal muscle movement resulting in energy expenditure, including common daily activities such as housework and gardening, as well as walking for transportation and formal exercise. Although the physical health benefits of PA are well documented, evidence suggests that PA provides psychological benefits as well.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to identify if PA level was associated with transitory mood in the everyday lives of people with SMI across two cultures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were drawn through mental health centres in Serbia (n = 12) and the USA (n = 11). Data were collected using both experience sampling methodology and accelerometry. Data were analyzed using hierarchical linear modelling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects demonstrated low levels of PA, which did not differ significantly between groups. Hierarchical analysis indicated that PA remained significantly positively associated with mood after accounting for individual variation, and this was consistent across groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reinforces previous findings that people with SMI demonstrate low PA levels generally. It also supports the consideration of physical activity interventions as a regular part of psychiatric rehabilitation. It appears that increased PA may have the potential to affect both physical health and mood among people with SMI.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University, Bloomington, USA. bmccormi@indiana.edu
authors.forename: Bryan P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: Chien-Tsung
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sanghee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sibthorp
authors.forename: Tomislav
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gajic
authors.forename: Branka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stamatovic-Gajic
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maksimovich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D003469:Culture; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology*; D009043:Motor Activity; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index