title: Current controversies in the treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.
abstract: The incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a noninvasive form of breast cancer, has increased markedly in recent decades, and DCIS now accounts for approximately 20% of breast cancers diagnosed by mammography. Laboratory and patient data suggest that DCIS is a precursor lesion for invasive cancer. Controversy exists with regard to the optimal management of DCIS patients. In the past, mastectomy was the primary treatment for patients with DCIS, but as with invasive cancer, breast-conserving surgery has become the standard approach. A mini-review of the management of ductal carcinoma in situ is presented, and the roles and dilemmas of surgery, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Breast Unit, Catholic University of Rome, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Italy. gianlucafranceschini@yahoo.it
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Franceschini
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Terribile
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Magno
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fabbri
authors.forename: Pierfrancesco
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: D'Alba
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiesa
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Leone
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Scafetta
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Masetti
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental / Q000379:methods*; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D013629:Tamoxifen