title: Safety of a live attenuated Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae vaccine for swine.
abstract: Infection with Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae has a significant economic impact on pig production systems worldwide. Both inactivated and attenuated vaccines are available to prevent development of clinical signs of swine erysipelas. The ability of a live attenuated E. rhusiopathiae strain to become persistently established in pigs after intranasal exposure and its potential to cause clinical signs consistent with swine erysipelas after being administered directly into the nasopharynx of healthy pigs was evaluated. Five, E. rhusiopathiae-negative pigs were vaccinated by deep intranasal inoculation then followed for 14 days. Nasal swabs were collected daily for 5 days and clinical observations were made daily for 14 days post-vaccination. Nasal swabs were cultured for E. rhusiopathiae with the intent of back-passaging any recovered organisms into subsequent replicates. No organism was recovered from nasal swabs in the first vaccination replicate. A second replicate including 10 pigs was initiated and followed in an identical manner to that described above. Again, no E. rhusiopathiae was recovered from any pigs. No pigs in either replicate showed any signs of clinical swine erysipelas. The live attenuated E. rhusiopathiae strain evaluated in this study did not appear to become persistently established in pigs post-vaccination, did not cause any local or systemic signs consistent with swine erysipelas, and was therefore unlikely to revert to a virulent state when used in a field setting.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, College of Sciences, Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. e.neumann@massey.ac.nz
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grinberg
authors.forename: Kathryn N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Bonistalli
authors.forename: Hamish J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Lehrbach
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gibson
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001831:Body Temperature; D004888:Erysipelothrix / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004889:Erysipelothrix Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D009666:Nose / Q000382:microbiology; D012449:Safety; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014774:Virulence; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated