Stem cell regulation via dynamic interactions of the nervous and immune systems with the microenvironment.
Physiological interactions between the nervous and immune systems with components of the local microenvironment are needed to maintain homeostasis throughout the body. Dynamic regulation of bone remodeling, hematopoietic stem cells, and their evolving niches via neurotransmitter signaling are part of the host defense and repair mechanisms. This crosstalk links activated leukocytes, neuronal, and stromal cells, which combine to directly and indirectly regulate hematopoietic stem cells. Together, interactions between diverse systems create a regulatory "brain-bone-blood triad," contributing an additional dimension to the concept of the hematopoietic stem cell niche.
Spiegel
Asaf
A
Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel.
Kalinkovich
Alexander
A
Shivtiel
Shoham
S
Kollet
Orit
O
Lapidot
Tsvee
T
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000502:physiology*; D019899:Paracrine Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D055153:Stem Cell Niche / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological