Are automated blood pressure monitors accurate enough to calculate the ankle brachial pressure index?
OBJECTIVE
Conventional sphygmomanometers are being replaced by automated devices; can they be used to accurately calculate ABPI?


METHODS
Thirty-six volunteers (72 legs) attending a vascular clinic had their ankle, brachial blood pressure and ABPIs calculated using each of these 3 methods. (1) Conventional aneuroid BP cuff with hand held doppler. (2) OMRON HEM 705CP portable automated BP monitor. (3) The hand held doppler to determine systolic BP measured by the OMRON.


RESULTS
Conventional doppler readings for brachial and ankle pressures were generally higher than those obtained digitally by less than 3 mmHg but this was not statistically significant. This did not translate into a significant difference in ABPIs obtained using all 3 techniques; the correlation coefficient of conventional ABPI with automated ABPI (method 2) was 0.746, this was improved to 0.899 using method 3. The OMRON failed to detect a signal in 16 of the 72 legs, 11 of these legs had ABPIs <0.66.


CONCLUSIONS
Conventional doppler measurements give higher readings for systolic blood pressure but there is no significant difference when calculating ABPI. A normal digital ABPI excludes significant vascular disease and a low digital ABPI indicates disease. If no blood pressure is recordable a doppler should be used to confirm the true result. Automated oscillometric BP monitors may be used to accurately measure ABPI in non-diabetics in the community without teaching clinicians to use a doppler, thus removing observer error. This may be of particular use in the community to exclude significant arterial disease in venous ulcer patients and assess general cardiovascular risk.
MacDonald
Euan
E
Arrowe Park Hospital, Upton, Wirral, UK. euanmacdonald@nhs.net
Froggatt
Paul
P
Lawrence
Gwen
G
Blair
Stephen
S
D055109:Ankle Brachial Index / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D009991:Oscillometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity