title: MRI-based anatomical model of the human head for specific absorption rate mapping.
abstract: In this study, we present a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based, high-resolution, numerical model of the head of a healthy human subject. In order to formulate the model, we performed quantitative volumetric segmentation on the human head, using T1-weighted MRI. The high spatial resolution used (1 x 1 x 1 mm(3)), allowed for the precise computation and visualization of a higher number of anatomical structures than provided by previous models. Furthermore, the high spatial resolution allowed us to study individual thin anatomical structures of clinical relevance not visible by the standard model currently adopted in computational bioelectromagnetics. When we computed the electromagnetic field and specific absorption rate (SAR) at 7 Tesla MRI using this high-resolution model, we were able to obtain a detailed visualization of such fine anatomical structures as the epidermis/dermis, bone structures, bone-marrow, white matter and nasal and eye structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Neurology and Radiology Services, Center for Morphometric Analysis, HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Makris
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Angelone
authors.forename: Seann
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tulloch
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sorg
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bonmassar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic