title: William S. Halsted and Harvey W. Cushing: reflections on their complex association.
abstract: William Stewart Halsted, the father of modern surgery, and Harvey Williams Cushing, the father of neurosurgery, are remembered for their countless innovations and contributions to the discipline of surgery. Between 1896 and 1912, they worked together at Johns Hopkins Hospital making many of their respective achievements possible. In the later years, their complex relationship, somewhat strained during Cushing's residency, grew into a mutual respect and deep appreciation for one another. In this offering, the authors attempt to elucidate the evolution of this complex relationship.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Voorhees
authors.forename: R Shane
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tubbs
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nahed
authors.forename: Aaron A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Cohen-Gadol
mesh_terms: D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000266:history*; D005197:Famous Persons; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors / Q000266:history*; D009493:Neurosurgery / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States