title: Heterogeneity of embryonic and adult stem cells.
abstract: New studies suggest that stem cells of embryonic, neural, and hematopoietic origin are heterogeneous, with cells moving between two or more metastable states. These cell states show a bias in their differentiation potential and correlate with specific patterns of transcription factor expression and chromatin modifications.
authors.affiliation: Center for Genomic Regulation, ICREA and Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. thomas.graf@crg.es
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stadtfeld
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000235:genetics; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D019899:Paracrine Communication / Q000502:physiology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055153:Stem Cell Niche / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; C466105:DPPA3 protein, human; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C486780:NANOG protein, human; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D011506:Proteins