title: Electrochemical stripping determination of traces of copper, lead, cadmium and zinc in zirconium metal and zirconium dioxide.
abstract: Procedures have been developed for the determination of copper, lead, cadmium and zinc in zirconium metal and zirconium dioxide, at concentrations of 1 ppm or less. Zirconium metal was dissolved in suphuric acid, and zirconium dioxide decomposed under pressure with hydrofluoric acid. Sample solutions were prepared in dilute sulphuric acid. For the stripping determination, the sample solution was either mixed with a complexing tartrate base electrolyte or the pre-electrolysis was carried out in acid solution, with the acid solution being exchanged for a pure base electrolyte (e.g. an acetate buffer) for the stripping step. The stripping step was monitored by d.c., differential pulse and Kalousek commutator voltammetry and the three methods were compared. A stationary mercury-drop electrode can generally be used for all the methods, whereas a mercury-film electrode is suitable only for the d.c. voltammetric determination of copper, lead and cadmium, as pulse measurements with films are poorly reproducible and the electrodes are easily damaged. The relative standard deviation does not exceed 20%. Some samples contained relatively large amounts of copper, which is best separated by electrodeposition on a platinum electrode.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Charles University, Albertov 2030, 128 40 Prague 2, Czechoslovakia.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stulík
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beran
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dolezal
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Opekar