title: Indocyanine green angiography in experimental choroidal circulatory disturbance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how choroidal venous congestion alters the indocyanine green angiograms (ICGA) of monkeys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two vortex veins in each eye of 5 Japanese macaque monkeys were sutured and cauterized at their exit. ICGA and fluorescein angiography (FA) were performed immediately after the occlusions. The FA and ICGA findings were correlated with the histopathological changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ICGA showed a delay in filling the choroidal arteries in the field of the occluded vortex veins, and the choroidal veins were filled retrogradely in a pulsatile manner. The fluorescence intensity of the larger veins was higher in the occluded area. The clearance of the indocyanine green dye was delayed by approximately 15 min. Histology showed that the choroidal veins in the occluded field were engorged with red blood cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ICGA findings in eyes with choroidal venous congestion are a delay in the filling of the choroidal arteries, reflux of venous blood flow, increase in fluorescence intensity of the choroidal veins, and delayed indocyanine green dye clearance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan. nishi-mao@tree.odn.ne.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D007208:Indocyanine Green