title: Risk factors for cesarean delivery in preterm, term and post-term patients undergoing induction of labor with an unfavorable cervix.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors for cesarean delivery in patients with an unfavorable cervix undergoing an indicated induction of labor.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a secondary analysis of combined data from three prospective randomized trials comparing cervical ripening methods in singleton pregnancies with an unfavorable cervix seeking to identify risk factors for cesarean delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine hundred and five women underwent an induction of labor for a variety of indications. Gestational age ranged from 27.0-42.8 weeks (mean of 37.8 weeks) and initial Bishop's score from 0-6 (mean 2.5). There were 613 vaginal deliveries (67.7%) and 292 cesarean deliveries (32.2%). Factors associated with an increased risk for cesarean delivery included nulliparous status, Bishop's score <or=1, body mass index >40 and diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk factors for cesarean delivery in women undergoing an indicated induction include a low Bishop's score, high BMI, nulliparity and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Va., USA. chrisennen@mac.com
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ennen
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bofill
authors.forename: Everett F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Magann
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bass
authors.forename: Suneet P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Morrison
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020070:Cervical Ripening / Q000502:physiology; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008423:Maternal Age; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011273:Pregnancy, Prolonged; D047928:Premature Birth; D011336:Probability; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D047929:Term Birth