The RNase E of Escherichia coli is a membrane-binding protein.
RNase E is an essential endoribonuclease involved in RNA processing and mRNA degradation. The N-terminal half of the protein encompasses the catalytic domain; the C-terminal half is the scaffold for the assembly of the multienzyme RNA degradosome. Here we identify and characterize 'segment-A', an element in the beginning of the non-catalytic region of RNase E that is required for membrane binding. We demonstrate in vitro that an oligopeptide corresponding to segment-A has the propensity to form an amphipathic alpha-helix and that it avidly binds to protein-free phospholipid vesicles. We demonstrate in vitro and in vivo that disruption of segment-A in full-length RNase E abolishes membrane binding. Taken together, our results show that segment-A is necessary and sufficient for RNase E binding to membranes. Strains in which segment-A has been disrupted grow slowly. Since in vitro experiments show that phospholipid binding does not affect the ribonuclease activity of RNase E, the slow-growth phenotype might arise from a defect involving processes such as accessibility to substrates or interactions with other membrane-bound machinery. This is the first report demonstrating that RNase E is a membrane-binding protein and that its localization to the inner cytoplasmic membrane is important for normal cell growth.
Khemici
Vanessa
V
Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaire, UMR 5100, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France.
Poljak
Leonora
L
Luisi
Ben F
BF
Carpousis
Agamemnon J
AJ
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002151:Calorimetry; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D011117:Polyribonucleotide Nucleotidyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D020365:RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010743:Phospholipids; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; C111244:degradosome; D011117:Polyribonucleotide Nucleotidyltransferase; D004722:Endoribonucleases; C022537:ribonuclease E; D020365:RNA Helicases