title: Heterogeneous in vitro effects of doxorubicin on gene expression in primary human liposarcoma cultures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Doxorubicin is considered one of the most potent established chemotherapeutics in the treatment of liposarcoma; however, the response rates usually below 30%, are still disappointing. This study was performed to identify gene expression changes in liposarcoma after doxorubicin treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cells of 19 primary human liposarcoma were harvested intraoperatively and brought into cell culture. Cells were incubated with doxorubicin for 24 h, RNA was isolated and differential gene expression was analysed by the microarray technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A variety of genes involved in apoptosis were up and down regulated in different samples revealing a heterogeneous expression pattern of the 19 primary tumor cell cultures in response to doxorubicin treatment. However, more than 50% of the samples showed up-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes such as TRAIL Receptor2, CDKN1A, GADD45A, FAS, CD40, PAWR, NFKBIA, IER3, PSEN1, RIPK2, and CD44. The anti-apoptotic genes TNFAIP3, PEA15, Bcl2A1, NGFB, and BIRC3 were also up-regulated. The pro-apoptotic CD14, TIA1, and ITGB2 were down-regulated in more than 50% of the tumor cultures after treatment with doxorubicin, as was the antiapoptotic YWHAH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite a correlation of the number of differentially regulated genes to the tumor grading and to a lesser extent histological subtype, the expression patterns varied strongly; however, especially among high grade tumors the responses of selected apoptosis genes were similar. The predescribed low clinical response rates of low grade liposarcoma to doxorubicin correspond to our results with only little changes on gene expression level and also divergent findings concerning the up- and down-regulation of single genes in the different sarcoma samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Burn Center, Hand surgery, Sarcoma Reference Center, BG-University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789 Bochum, Germany. adrien.daigeler@rub.de
authors.forename: Adrien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daigeler
authors.forename: Ludger
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Klein-Hitpass
authors.forename: Michael Ansgar
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Chromik
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Heinz-Herbert
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Homann
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Steinau
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehnhardt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008080:Liposarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D004317:Doxorubicin