title: After injection into the striatum, in vitro-differentiated microglia- and bone marrow-derived dendritic cells can leave the central nervous system via the blood stream.
abstract: The prototypic migratory trail of tissue-resident dendritic cells (DCs) is via lymphatic drainage. Since the central nervous system (CNS) lacks classical lymphatic vessels, and antigens and cells injected into both the CNS and cerebrospinal fluid have been found in deep cervical lymph nodes, it was thought that CNS-derived DCs exclusively used the cerebrospinal fluid pathway to exit from tissues. It has become evident, however, that DCs found in peripheral organs can also leave tissues via the blood stream. To study whether DCs derived from microglia and bone marrow can also use this route of emigration from the CNS, we performed a series of experiments in which we injected genetically labeled DCs into the striata of rats. We show here that these cells migrated from the injection site to the perivascular space, integrated into the endothelial lining of the CNS vasculature, and were then present in the lumen of CNS blood vessels days after the injection. Moreover, we also found these cells in both mesenteric lymph nodes and spleens. Hence, microglia- and bone marrow-derived DCs can leave the CNS via the blood stream.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hochmeister
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeitelhofer
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Eva-Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Nicolussi
authors.forename: Marie-Therese
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Heinke
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Selzer
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lassmann
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bradl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D007267:Injections; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011828:Radiation Chimera; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D055647:Rats, Transgenic; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers