title: [Lymphadenitis due to atypical mycobacteria].
abstract: Cervical lymphadenitis is common in childhood and is a frequent source of consultation at the pediatrician's or ENT's office. It is usually caused by a viral upper respiratory tract infection and is self limited. In children with subacute or chronic cervical lymphadenitis which fails to respond to conventional antibiotics, infection due to atypical mycobacteria should always be considered. Infections occur predominantly in an otherwise healthy child of 1 to 5 years of age. The early diagnosis is essential as the treatment of choice is early surgical excision before skin necrosis and fistula occur. This article reviews the specific clinical manifestations, diagnostic tools and treatment of lymphadenitis due to atypical mycobacteria.
authors.affiliation: Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne. barbara.hauler@chuv.ch
authors.forename: Barbara F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Hauler
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Monnier
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cherpillod
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Waridel
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D003475:Curettage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008199:Lymphadenitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy