title: Speciation of iron and manganese in dam water particles using electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA).
abstract: The speciation of iron and manganese compounds retained by membrane filtration of dam water samples was studied by use of electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). Samples were taken at various depths and times of year from North Pine Dam near Brisbane, Australia. Both surface and bulk properties of samples representative of the water column profile were investigated. ESCA results showed that iron(III) compounds were found to predominate in the whole water column in any season of the year while the significance of iron(II) species varied in the hypolimnion (the bottom layer). In summer, although various ratios of manganese(II), manganese(III) and manganese(IV) compounds were found to occur down the water column, manganese(IV) compounds were predominant in the epilimnion (the top layer), while both manganese(II) and (IV) compounds predominated in the metalimnion (the middle layer) and the hypolimnion. The majority of Mn(IV) compounds were found throughout the water column after heavy rain and winter season. The ratios of atomic concentrations of iron and manganese as determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and ESCA are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Science Programme, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization, Private Mail Bag 1, Menai, NSW 2234, Australia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaw
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chiswell