title: Intractable hiccups as a presenting symptom of Chiari I malformation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hiccups as the only presenting symptom in neurosurgical practice is uncommon.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of a 22-year-old man who was evaluated for a 9-month history of intractable hiccups. He was diagnosed with a case of Chiari malformation type I.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical decompression improved the symptoms of the patient. The cause and pathogenesis of hiccups are discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chiari malformation should be considered in patients with intractable hiccups, who are otherwise asymptomatic for any neurological problems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, Neurosciences Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Ponniah
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vanamoorthy
authors.forename: Prachi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kar
authors.forename: Hemanshu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
mesh_terms: D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003388:Cranial Fossa, Posterior / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006606:Hiccup / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D012008:Recurrence; D012125:Respiratory Center / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013595:Syringomyelia / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult