title: Determination of epichlorohydrin in water and sewage samples.
abstract: The simple, quick and effective methods for the analysis of epichlorohydrin (ECH) in water and sewage samples with the use of gas chromatography have been presented. From among all the methods developed, the procedures for monitoring drinking-water quality and the methods which allow the determination of epichlorohydrin in sewage samples have been selected. The limits of ECH detection have been determined by direct aqueous injection (DAI) into the chromatographic column and an analysis with the application of a flame ionization detector (FID), a mass spectrometry detector (MS), an electron capture detector (ECD) and atomic emission detection (AED) detectors. The method allows the determination of ECH in water samples at the concentration level of 0.1mgl(-1). Moreover, the developed methods of water samples preparation for chromatographic analysis using the following extraction methods: headspace (HS), stripping with adsorption on solid phase, liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid phase extraction (SPE) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) have been evaluated. The limits of ECH detection for each procedure with the application of gas chromatography (GC) combined with various detectors have been determined and their statistical evaluation has been presented. The SPME method allowed us to determine ECH in water samples at the concentration levels of 1.0ngl(-1). The results of studies on the choice of the selective methods allowing ECH analysis in sewage samples have been demonstrated. The applied SPME method was found to be a quick and effective technique to determine micro trace amounts of ECH in samples containing high amounts of various organic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, University of Technology and Agriculture in Bydgoszcz, 3 Seminaryjna St., 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gaca
authors.forename: Grazyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wejnerowska