title: Estimating the costs of conflict and containment on adult acute inpatient psychiatric wards.
abstract: Researchers sought to estimate the costs of different types of conflict and containment in the United Kingdom using events from 136 adult acute inpatient psychiatric wards in the United Kingdom and unit costs from a sample of 15 wards. Researchers study sought to obtain and observe actual staff time managing conflict and containment by means of a new method of estimating costs arising from the development of an interview schedule to use with key staff. The estimated mean annual cost for conflict is pounds 145,177, and for containment pounds 212,316. The total estimated annual costs in England for all conflict is pounds 72.5 million and for containment is pounds 106 million (see Table 1). The most expensive conflict behavior to manage was verbal abuse with a mean cost per ward of pound 21.2k and a total of pounds 10.5 million nationally. Self-harm had a mean cost of pounds 8.2k per ward and pounds 4 million nationally in England. Intermittent and special observation cost pounds 45 million and pounds 35 million respectively (see Table 1). This study also suggests that approximately half of all nursing resources are expended in managing conflict and deploying containment.
authors.affiliation: City University, London, England.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flood
authors.forename: Len
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parkin
mesh_terms: D032763:Behavior Control; D003363:Cost Control; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000191:economics* / Q000451:nursing*; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D015401:Nursing Administration Research; D006113:United Kingdom; D014754:Violence / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control*