title: Segmenting brain tumors using pseudo-conditional random fields.
abstract: Locating Brain tumor segmentation within MR (magnetic resonance) images is integral to the treatment of brain cancer. This segmentation task requires classifying each voxel as either tumor or nontumor, based on a description of that voxel. Unfortunately, standard classifiers, such as Logistic Regression (LR) and Support Vector Machines (SVM), typically have limited accuracy as they treat voxels as independent and identically distributed (iid). Approaches based on random fields, which are able to incorporate spatial constraints, have recently been applied to brain tumor segmentation with notable performance improvement over iid classifiers. However, previous random field systems involved computationally intractable formulations, which are typically solved using some approximation. Here, we present pseudo-conditional random fields (PCRFs), which achieve accuracy similar to other random fields variants, but are significantly more efficient. We formulate a PCRF as a regularized discriminative classifier that relaxes the classification decision for each voxel by considering the labels and features of neighboring voxels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Canada. chihoon@cs.ualberta.ca
authors.forename: Chi-Hoon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shaojun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murtha
authors.forename: Matthew R G
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greiner
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity