title: Altering the regioselectivity of the subterminal fatty acid hydroxylase P450 BM-3 towards gamma- and delta-positions.
abstract: Cytochrome P450 BM-3 monooxygenase from Bacillus megaterium (CYP102A1) catalyzes the subterminal hydroxylation of fatty acids with a chain length of 12-22 carbons. Wild-type P450 BM-3 oxidizes saturated fatty acids at subterminal positions producing a mixture of omega-1, omega-2 and omega-3 hydroxylated products. Using a rational site-directed mutagenesis approach, three new elements have been introduced into the substrate binding pocket of the monooxygenase, which greatly changed the product pattern of lauric acid hydroxylation. Particularly, substitutions at positions S72, V78 and I263 had an effect on the enzyme regioselectivity. The P450 BM-3 mutants V78A F87A I263G and S72Y V78A F87A were able to oxidize lauric acid not only at delta-position (14% and 16%, respectively), but also produced gamma- and beta-hydroxylated products. delta-Hydroxy lauric and gamma-hydroxy lauric acid are important synthons for the production of the corresponding lactones.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Technical Biochemistry, Universität Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: Tuan Anh
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Rolf D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pleiss
authors.forename: Vlada B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Urlacher
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007850:Lauric Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013379:Substrate Specificity / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007850:Lauric Acids; C030358:lauric acid; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase; C052423:flavocytochrome P450 BM3 monoxygenases