title: Simple gas chromatographic method for furfural analysis.
abstract: A new, simple, gas chromatographic method was developed for the direct analysis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), 2-furfural (2-F) and 5-methylfurfural (5-MF) in liquid and water soluble foods, using direct immersion SPME coupled to GC-FID and/or GC-TOF-MS. The fiber (DVB/CAR/PDMS) conditions were optimized: pH effect, temperature, adsorption and desorption times. The method is simple and accurate (RSD<8%), showed good recoveries (77-107%) and good limits of detection (GC-FID: 1.37 microgL(-1) for 2-F, 8.96 microgL(-1) for 5-MF, 6.52 microgL(-1) for 5-HMF; GC-TOF-MS: 0.3, 1.2 and 0.9 ngmL(-1) for 2-F, 5-MF and 5-HMF, respectively). It was applied to different commercial food matrices: honey, white, demerara, brown and yellow table sugars, and white and red balsamic vinegars. This one-step, sensitive and direct method for the analysis of furfurals will contribute to characterise and quantify their presence in the human diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, CQFB-Requimte, Faculty of Science and Technology, New University of Lisbon, Quinta da Torre, 2825-114 Caparica, Portugal.
authors.forename: Elvira M S M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Gaspar
authors.forename: João F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D005662:Furaldehyde