title: Amniocentesis and mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission in the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales French Perinatal Cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to investigate whether performing an amniocentesis increased mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 (MTCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied HIV -1 infected mothers and their children enrolled in the multicenter French Perinatal HIV Cohort from 1985 to 2006.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred sixty-six amniocenteses were performed among 9302 singleton pregnancies, the proportion increasing from 1.0% before 2001 to 4.7% in 2005-2006. Use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was more frequent in the amniocentesis group (58.4% vs 33.2%). MTCT tended to be higher in the amniocentesis group, among mothers who received no antiretroviral agents (25.0%; 3/12 vs 16.2%; 343/2113; P = .41) as well as among mothers receiving zidovudine monotherapy or a double-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor combination (6.1%; 3/49 vs 3.3%; 117/3556; P = .22), but the difference was not significant. Among 81 mothers receiving HAART, there was no case of MTCT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that amniocentesis is not a major risk factor for mother-to-child transmission in mothers treated with effective antiretroviral therapy.
authors.affiliation: Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Gynecologie-Obstetrique, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Colombes, and Université Paris 7-Diderot, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mandelbrot
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jasseron
authors.forename: Dieudonné
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ekoukou
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Batallan
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bongain
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pannier
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blanche
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tubiana
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rouzioux
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warszawski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000649:Amniocentesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult