title: Intramural and subserosal echogenic foci on US in large-bowel intussusceptions: prognostic indicator for reducibility?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In large-bowel intussusceptions, several US signs are known to indicate a lower likelihood of reducibility by enema. US can demonstrate echogenic dots or lines (foci) in the bowel wall, which might indicate an ischemic bowel.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the presence of echogenic intramural and subserosal foci in large-bowel intussusceptions and to evaluate the degree of correlation with reducibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2001 and 2008, 74 consecutive US examinations were retrospectively evaluated by two pediatric radiologists for intramural and subserosal echogenic foci, or trapped gas, in the intussusception. The degree of correlation between the sonographic findings and reducibility was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 73 intussusceptions examined by US, 56 (76%) were reducible and 17 (23%) were not reducible. Out of 10 intussusceptions with intramural gas, 11 with subserosal gas, and 14 with intramural and subserosal gas, 8 (80%), 6 (56%), 9 (64%), respectively, were not reducible. The presence of intramural gas or subserosal gas or both predicted a lower chance of reduction, but with regard to the effect of these findings together, intramural gas was the only significant predictor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Having intramural gas in large-bowel intussusception significantly decreases the chance of reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Inselspital Berne (University Hospital of Berne), CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland. enno.stranzinger@insel.ch
authors.forename: Enno
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stranzinger
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dipietro
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yarram
authors.forename: Shokoufeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khalatbari
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Strouse
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007420:Intestine, Large; D007443:Intussusception / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media