title: Sperm nuclear histone H2B: correlation with sperm DNA denaturation and DNA stainability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between sperm DNA damage and sperm nuclear histone (H2B) staining.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated sperm samples from 14 consecutive asthenoteratozoospermic infertile men and six consecutive fertile controls. Sperm nuclear histone (H2B) staining and sperm chromatin integrity (assessed by sperm chromatin structure assay and expressed using the percentage of (i) DNA fragmentation index [% DFI] and (ii) high DNA stainability [% HDS)]) were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histone H2B immunocytochemistry demonstrated two nuclear staining patterns: (i) focal punctate staining; and (ii) diffuse staining. Infertile men had a higher mean percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting diffuse H2B staining than did fertile men (7.7% +/- 4.6% vs. 1.6% +/- 1.2%, respectively, P < 0.01). We observed significant relationships between the proportion of spermatozoa with diffuse nuclear histone staining and both sperm % DFI (r = 0.63, P < 0.01) and sperm %HDS (r = 0.63, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data demonstrate that infertile men have a higher proportion of spermatozoa with diffuse histone H2B than do fertile men and suggest that sperm DNA damage might, at least in part, be due to abnormally high histone H2B levels.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1M5, Canada. ziniarmand@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Armand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zini
authors.forename: Xiaoyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: San Gabriel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009691:Nucleic Acid Denaturation; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; C081018:histone H2B type 1-A; D004247:DNA