title: IL-3 is required for increases in blood basophils  in nematode infection in mice and can enhance  IgE-dependent IL-4 production by basophils  in vitro.
abstract: Basophils represent potential effector and immunoregulatory cells, as well as a potential source of IL-4, during the immune response elicited by infection with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (N.b.), and in other settings. However, the factors which regulate the numbers of blood basophils in mice, or the ability of these cells to produce IL-4, are not fully understood. We found that infection of mice with the nematodes N.b. or Strongyloides venezuelensis (S.v.) induced substantial increases in the numbers of blood basophils (to as high as 18% of circulating blood leukocytes). Experiments in IL-3-/- vs IL-3+/+ mice, and in IL-3-treated IL-3-/- mice, showed that essentially all of the increases in blood or bone marrow basophils during N.b. or S.v. infection were IL-3 dependent. Many of the blood, bone marrow or liver-derived basophils from IL-3-/- or IL-3+/+ mice expressed intracellular IL-4 upon stimulation with anti-IgE in vitro. However, after incubation of the cells with exogenous IgE in vitro, blood- or liver-derived basophils from IL-3+/+ mice exhibited higher levels of intracellular IL-4 after stimulation with anti-IgE than did basophils derived from IL-3-/- mice. Thus, IL-3 is a major regulator of the marked increases in blood basophil levels observed during infection of mice with N.b. or S.v. and also can enhance levels of intracellular IL-4 upon activation of basophils with anti-IgE in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Chris S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lantz
authors.forename: Booki
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Mindy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Devavani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chatterjea
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dranoff
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Galli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001491:Basophils / Q000276:immunology*; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology*; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000276:immunology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009559:Nippostrongylus; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000276:immunology; D017206:Strongylida Infections / Q000276:immunology; D013322:Strongyloidiasis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007377:Interleukin-3; D017455:Receptors, IgE; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E