title: Tiotropium does not affect lower urinary tract functions in COPD patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tiotropium is widely used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but it is not usually prescribed for patients with micturition disorder, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), because of the potential to increase the risk of acute urinary retention through its anticholinergic effects. However, no data are available to prove a true causal relationship between tiotropium and lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) using quantitative symptomatic scoring or objective parameters evaluated by uroflowmetry.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the effect of tiotropium on lower urinary tract functions in COPD patients with BPH.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective pilot study comprised 25 male COPD patients with BPH as defined by the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), the quality of life (QOL) index, maximum flow rate (Q-max) in uroflowmetry, and prostate volume. Patients were given tiotropium once a day for 3 months. At baseline and after treatment, lower urinary tract functions were assessed symptomatically by the IPSS and the QOL index, and objectively by urinary parameters, including Q-max, average flow rate (Q-ave), postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), and bladder voiding efficiency (BVE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acute urinary retention was not observed in any patients. Subjectively, no significant difference was found in the IPSS or the QOL index between baseline and after tiotropium treatment. Additionally, tiotropium treatment did not change Q-max, Q-ave, time to Q-max, or overall flow time compared to baseline (Q-max (mL/s), 9.66+/-3.63, 9.11+/-3.68 and 10.51+/-3.88, P=0.15; Q-ave (mL/s), 4.20+/-1.76, 4.14+/-1.55, and 4.71+/-1.81, P=0.31; time to Q-max (s), 12.1+/-8.0, 16.2+/-11.4, and 13.0+/-11.3, P=0.10; flow time (s), 39.4+/-19.6, 40.4+/-20.1, and 38.3+/-19.1; baseline, 1 month after treatment and 3 months after treatment, respectively). No significant increase was found in PVR or BVE (PVR (mL), 57.9+/-51.2, 55.4+/-47.2 and 66.1+/-52.7, P=0.36; BVE (%), 75.8+/-18.4, 73.3+/-19.1 and 73.9+/-17.3, P=0.67; baseline, 1 month after treatment, and 3 months after treatment, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our preliminary study, tiotropium did not adversely affect lower urinary tract functions in COPD patients with BPH, suggesting the possibility that tiotropium can be safely given to those patients. This warrants future studies in a larger series of COPD patients to validate our observations.
authors.affiliation: Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozono
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Yutaro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inui
authors.forename: Hirotoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kingo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chida
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000368:Aged; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide