title: Evaluation of the tablet core factors influencing the release kinetics and the loadability of push-pull osmotic systems.
abstract: Push-pull osmotic systems have been developed to deliver poorly soluble drugs in a modified-release fashion. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the tablet core factors on the drug release kinetics and loadability. The release kinetics was efficiently modulated by varying either the proportion of osmotic agent or the drug layer polymer grade as an alternative to change the membrane characteristics. High osmotic agent proportions and viscous-grade polymers were recommended to formulate high drug loads up to 20% without losing both the release completeness and the zero-order drug release kinetics.
authors.affiliation: Novartis Pharma AG, Technical R&D, Basel, Switzerland. vincent.malaterre@novartis.com
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Malaterre
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ogorka
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Loggia
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gurny
mesh_terms: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D004355:Drug Stability; D004867:Equipment Design; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D017275:Isradipine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility; D013607:Tablets; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005079:Excipients; D013607:Tablets; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017275:Isradipine