title: Risk factors for nosocomial rotavirus infection in a paediatric hospital: the potential role for rotavirus vaccine use.
abstract: To analyze the incidence and risk factors (RF) of nosocomial infection (NI) in a paediatric teaching hospital, a retrospective cohort study was conducted in Salvador, Brazil. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention definitions were used. The detection of the rotavirus antigen in stool was performed using a rapid latex agglutination test. The study group comprised 2978 admissions that accounted for 32,924 patient-days. The incidence of NI was 8.3/1000 patient-days and 9.2/100 admissions. Of the 274 NI episodes, the most common illness and causative agent were gastroenteritis (125; 45.6%) and rotavirus (59; 21.5%), respectively. The RF for rotavirus NI was young age (10+/-8 months vs. 27+/-33 months; mean difference 17 months, 95% CI 15-20 months, p < 0.001). The temporal distribution of community-acquired and NI rotavirus showed similar trends. The universal use of rotavirus vaccine is a potential tool to control NI among children.
authors.affiliation: Infection Control Service of the Professor Hosannah de Oliveira Paediatric Centre, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
authors.forename: Licia L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Eduardo M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Netto
authors.forename: Cristiana M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nascimento-Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines