title: Rosai-Dorfman disease (sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy) of the pancreas: second case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), originally described as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare histiocytic proliferative disorder with a distinctive microscopic appearance. It formerly was thought to be a process limited to lymph nodes, yet RDD has been documented to occur in many organ systems, notably the bone, skin, soft tissue, central nervous system, eye and orbit, and upper respiratory tract. The digestive system, however, is affected only exceptionally, with this being only the second documented case involving the pancreas.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this case report, we present a case of a 63-year-old African-American female who was found to have a pancreatic head mass and right middle lobe pleural nodule during evaluation for obstructive jaundice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  She underwent a Whipple procedure. Her pathology of both the pancreatic mass and RML lung wedge resection showed sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, along with extensive fibrosis intertwined with nodular mixed inflammatory infiltrate. The histiocytes characteristically showed "emperipolesis," in which lymphocytes had penetrated the cytoplasm and remained viable within the histiocytes (lymphocytes continued to have free movement in the histiocyte). In addition, the histiocytic cells were positive with S-100 protein and CD68, hallmarks of RDD. Although rare, Rosai-Dorfman disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with pancreatic and/or lung nodules, especially when biopsy or cytology results report atypical inflammatory findings.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA. SZivin@lumc.edu
authors.forename: Sean P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Zivin
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atieh
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mosier
authors.forename: Gladell P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Paner
authors.forename: Gerard V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Aranha
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006644:Histiocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015618:Histiocytosis, Sinus / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000150:complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D009418:S100 Proteins; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule