title: Potential application of N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine amidohydrolase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 for beta-amino acid production.
abstract: An N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine amidohydrolase of industrial interest from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 (beta car(At)) has been characterized. Beta car(At) is most active at 30 degrees C and pH 8.0 with N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine as a substrate. The purified enzyme is completely inactivated by the metal-chelating agent 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid (HQSA), and activity is restored by the addition of divalent metal ions, such as Mn(2+), Ni(2+), and Co(2+). The native enzyme is a homodimer with a molecular mass of 90 kDa from pH 5.5 to 9.0. The enzyme has a broad substrate spectrum and hydrolyzes nonsubstituted N-carbamoyl-alpha-, -beta-, -gamma-, and -delta-amino acids, with the greatest catalytic efficiency for N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine. Beta car(At) also recognizes substrate analogues substituted with sulfonic and phosphonic acid groups to produce the beta-amino acids taurine and ciliatine, respectively. Beta car(At) is able to produce monosubstituted beta(2)- and beta(3)-amino acids, showing better catalytic efficiency (k(cat)/K(m)) for the production of the former. For both types of monosubstituted substrates, the enzyme hydrolyzes N-carbamoyl-beta-amino acids with a short aliphatic side chain better than those with aromatic rings. These properties make beta car(At) an outstanding candidate for application in the biotechnology industry.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química-Física, Bioquímica y Química Inorgánica, Edificio CITE I, Universidad de Almería, La Cañada de San Urbano, E-04120 Almería, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana Isabel
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Martínez-Gómez
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martínez-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Joaquín
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pozo-Dengra
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tessaro
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Servi
authors.forename: Josefa María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Clemente-Jiménez
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Vico
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Las Heras-Vázquez
mesh_terms: D016960:Agrobacterium tumefaciens / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000494:pharmacology; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019281:Dimerization; D020536:Enzyme Activators / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000494:pharmacology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D015125:Oxyquinoline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D015091:beta-Alanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002413:Cations, Divalent; D002614:Chelating Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D020536:Enzyme Activators; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008670:Metals; D015091:beta-Alanine; C035122:N-carbamoyl-beta-alanine; D015125:Oxyquinoline; C013053:8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid; D000581:Amidohydrolases; C021590:beta-ureidopropionase