title: Computerized Provider Order Entry--what are health professionals concerned about? A qualitative study in an Australian hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the main concerns of a broad range of hospital staff about the implementation of a new Computerized Provider Order Entry (CPOE) system for medication management.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in a large Australian teaching hospital using semi-structured interviews (n=20) and focus groups (six focus groups involving a total of 30 participants) from a broad section of health professionals including doctors, nurses, managers, pharmacists and senior health executives. Systematic concurrent analysis of the data was undertaken by a team of researchers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 20 recurrent themes related to nine areas of shared concern including work practices, software/hardware, relationships/communication, education and training, inexperienced staff and de-skilling. A higher level of analysis identified four interrelated constructs that highlight what people are concerned about: (1) Will it help? (2) Will it work? (3) Will we cope? (4) Will it impair existing interaction?
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The research provides a snapshot overview of perceptions from a range of hospital personnel in the lead up to CPOE implementation. Generalizability is limited by the size of the sample and the contextual circumstances of the hospital being studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work contributes valuable evidence about an often-neglected dimension in the evaluation of computer systems in hospitals, namely the pre-implementation concerns of staff. These pre-conceptions can have a significant effect on how technology is implemented and utilised. Acknowledging and addressing people's concerns can contribute to the establishment of durable channels of negotiation and communication. Further research informed by the findings of this study will help advance this process.
authors.affiliation: Health Informatics Research & Evaluation Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, CumberlandCampus, East Street, Lidcombe, NSW 1825, Australia. a.georgiou@usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Georgiou
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ampt
authors.forename: Nerida
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Creswick
authors.forename: Johanna I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Westbrook
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Braithwaite
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D003201:Computers; D004517:Education, Professional; D017144:Focus Groups; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D050316:Medical Order Entry Systems / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009726:Nurses; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D010595:Pharmacists
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations