title: Custirsen (OGX-011): a second-generation antisense inhibitor of clusterin for the treatment of cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clusterin is a stress-induced cytoprotective chaperone protein, regulated by HSF1, and functions similarly to a small heat-shock protein. Clusterin is expressed in a variety of cancers and associated with broad-spectrum treatment resistance. Custirsen (OGX-011) is a 2'-methoxyethyl modified phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide that is complementary to clusterin mRNA; it is currently in clinical trials for patients with cancer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the literature on the role of clusterin in cancer progression and treatment resistance, and to summarize completed and ongoing clinical trials with custirsen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Custirsen is well tolerated in humans and biologically active in inhibiting expression of clusterin in patients with cancer. Randomized trials of custirsen in combination with chemotherapy are planned in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: The Prostate Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, 6th Floor, 2775 Laurel Street, Vancouver, V5Z 1M9, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Kim N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zoubeidi
authors.forename: Martin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gleave
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051152:Clusterin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016373:DNA, Antisense / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D013873:Thionucleotides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D051152:Clusterin; D016373:DNA, Antisense; C503781:OGX-011; D013873:Thionucleotides