title: Optimizing clinical practice with case-based reasoning approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Learning through experience is an important approach that humans employ to comprehend new problems. The knowledge of physicians does not only consist of rules, but of a mixture of textbook knowledge and experience. Medical treatment is facing a challenge of knowledge discovery from the growing volume of information.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-based reasoning (CBR) matches the natural reasoning model of human. This approach is similar to that used by physicians when they are thinking: 'I have seen a patient like this', and provides instant recollection of past cases that may be relevant to the present case. In fact, CBR is an approach for solving problems based on solutions of similar past cases. Unlike other forms of reasoning such as rule-based reasoning, CBR does not draw conclusions by chaining together generalized rules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of CBR to medical databases can be powerful techniques to aid physicians in making decisions about the management of their patients, in various types of medical units. CBR is an effective reasoning strategy for optimizing clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Military teaching hospital Desgenettes, Hospital Pharmacy, Lyon, France. dussart.claude@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dussart
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pommier
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Siranyan
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grelaud
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dussart
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D002983:Clinical Competence; D015510:Clinical Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003625:Data Collection; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005103:Expert Systems; D006801:Humans; D019359:Knowledge; D008128:Logic; D008568:Memory; D010347:Patient Care Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011340:Problem Solving; D018794:Problem-Based Learning; D013850:Thinking