title: Patient-centered interviewing and student performance in a comprehensive clinical skills examination: is there an association?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Communication skills, including patient-centered interviewing (PCI), have become a major priority for educational and licensing organizations in the United States. While patient-centered interviewing is associated with positive patient outcomes and improved diagnostic accuracy, it is unknown if an association exists between patient-centered interviewing and student performance in high-stakes clinical skills assessment (CSA) examinations. The purpose of this study was to determine if generic communication skills and patient-centered interviewing skills were associated with students' overall student performance on a multi-station clinical skills assessment (CSA) examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study to assess student performance with standardized patients (SPs). We conducted a retrospective review of 30 videotaped SP encounters of Third year medical students (class of 2006) at the University of Kansas School of Medicine. We measured correlations between observed PCI scores, overall CSA scores and CSA interpersonal and communication (ICS) skills scores of student-SP encounters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCI scores, as measured with the Four Habits Coding Scheme, a measurement tool of patient-centered communication, were not correlated with either overall CSA scores or ICS scores. Students' PCI scores were lower than the ICS scores (57% vs. 85% of correct items). The students performed poorly (30% mean score of correct items) in eliciting patient perspectives, compared to three other domains (Invest in the beginning, Demonstrate empathy, and Invest in end) of patient-centered interviewing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study failed to demonstrate any association between student performance and patient-centered interviewing skills (PCI) in the setting of a comprehensive in-house CSA examination. Third-year medical students in our study did not practice some elements of patient-centered interviewing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given the increasing importance of patient-centered communication, the high-stakes in-house clinical skills examinations may consider assessing patient-centered interviewing using a more comprehensive and valid checklist.
authors.affiliation: Section of General Internal Medicine, Geriatric and Hospital Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Medicine, 2411 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA. roufe@umkc.edu
authors.forename: Emran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rouf
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chumley
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dobbie
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003479:Curriculum; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007615:Kansas; D008297:Male; D016544:Patient Simulation; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D015203:Reproducibility of Results