Short-term dietary intake of C18:1 trans fatty acids decreases the function of cellular immunity in healthy young men.
OBJECTIVE
In this study, we tested the impact of short-term intake of increased amounts of C18:1 trans fatty acids (TFAs) on parameters of cellular and humoral immunity in healthy young men.


METHODS
Twenty-seven healthy young men were subsequently exposed to a standard diet for 7 days and an experimental TFA-enriched diet for 4 days. The mean energy content of these diets was 2,453 and 2,455 kcal/day, with 10, 35 and 55% of energy from proteins, fats and carbohydrates, respectively. Standard diet contained about 0.8 g and experimental diet 10.4 g TFAs. Plasma levels of C18:1 TFAs and immunological parameters were measured.


RESULTS
The 4-day increased consumption of C18:1 TFAs led to a significant decrease in mitogen-induced CD69 expression on CD8+ T cells as well as decreased phagocytic activity on neutrophils. After returning to the participants' habitual diet (1 week after the end of the experimental diet), we observed a significant decrease in the mean level of circulating immune complexes. Concentrations of plasma immunoglobulins remained unchanged throughout the study.


CONCLUSIONS
Acute impact of higher dietary C18:1 TFA intake on phagocytosis and cell-mediated immunity seems to be suppressive. This finding differs from results describing proinflammatory effects associated with long-term exposure to TFAs.
Dlouhý
P
P
Department of Nutrition, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. pavel.dlouhy@lf3.cuni.cz
Kucera
P
P
Kraml
P
P
Pompachová
A
A
Potocková
J
J
Smejkalová
V
V
Mokrejs
P
P
Jacek
M
M
Andel
M
M
D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
D044242:Trans Fatty Acids