title: [Empyema: bacterial epidemiology and antibiotic resistance].
abstract: It is essential to know the epidemiology and resistance to antibiotics of the main pathogens responsible for children empyema because the bacteriological diagnosis is reached in less than half the cases. This diagnosis can be improved when using sophisticated methods of investigation, such as antigens detection, PCR... The main species involved is Streptococcus pneumoniae, then followed by Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus. The pneumococcal serotypes most often involved in France are 1, 19A, 14 and 3. If some of them remain susceptible to penicillin (1,3), others may be resistant (19A, 14) and the majority are not included in the 7 valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Service de Microbiologie, Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, 26 av Dr Arnold Netter, 75012 Paris, France. Hoang.vuthien@trs.aphp.fr
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vu-Thien
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004653:Empyema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D009177:Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D011019:Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / Q000188:drug therapy; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012703:Serotyping; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D010406:Penicillins