title: Comparison of the efficiencies of permanent maxillary tooth removal performed with single buccal infiltration versus routine buccal and palatal injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether articaine/HCl administered alone as a single buccal infiltration in maxillary tooth removal provided favorable palatal anesthesia as compared to buccal and palatal injection, for a surgical procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 71 patients for removal of bilateral permanent maxillary teeth were enrolled in the present study. For the experimental side, 1.7 mL of 4% articaine/HCl was injected into the buccal vestibule of the tooth. After 5 minutes, tooth extraction was performed. On the control side a similar protocol was applied with the addition of a palatal injection. All patients completed a 100-mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Verbal Response Scale (VRS) after both injection and then extraction, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the VAS scores, the pain of injection between buccal infiltration without a separate palatal injection and routine administration with additional palatal injection was statistically significant (P < .05). However, the VAS scores for permanent maxillary tooth removal showed no significant difference between the 2 types of injection (P > .05). All patients described both extractions as "acceptable" and no patient requested an additional palatal injection to ensure comfortable extraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The routine use of a palatal injection for the removal of permanent maxillary teeth may not be required when articaine/HCl is used as the local anesthetic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Wei-liang
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhao-hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhi-quan
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000278:Administration, Buccal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002355:Carticaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019229:Dentition, Permanent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D021362:Palate, Hard; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D019564:Unnecessary Procedures; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002355:Carticaine