Albumin lavage does not improve the outcome of meconium aspiration syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
Meconium aspiration syndrome is still a serious condition with high mortality and morbidity. No specific treatment is yet available, although surfactant is known to reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and surfactant lavage has shown promising results in animal studies. Our group has previously shown reduced oxygenation index in an experimental model of meconium aspiration syndrome in newborn pigs when mixing albumin with meconium before endotracheal instillation. Lung compliance increased when albumin was instilled after meconium as a rescue. The aim of this study was to combine the effect of albumin and lavage.


METHODS
Sixteen newborn pigs (six in the meconium-albumin group, six in the meconium group, and four control animals) were anesthetized and tracheotomized. Meconium 4 mL/kg was instilled endotracheally. After five minutes, albumin 15 mL/kg was instilled in the meconium-albumin group followed by endotracheal suctioning. The observation time was six hours. Respiratory and hemodynamic parameters were measured. The terminal complement complex and proinflammatory cytokines were analyzed in plasma.


RESULTS
Oxygenation index, ventilatory index, and the terminal complement complex (sC5b-9) increased significantly in both groups, but significantly more in the meconium-albumin group. Compliance decreased, but significantly more in the meconium-albumin group. The terminal sC5b-9 complex increased in both groups, but significantly more in the meconium-albumin group. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)- 1beta, and IL-6 increased significantly in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Albumin-lavage did not improve the outcome of experimental meconium aspiration syndrome.
Salvesen
Bodil
B
Department of Pediatric Research, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo and Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. bodil.salvesen@medisin.uio.no
Mollnes
Tom Eirik
TE
Saugstad
Ola Didrik
OD
D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D000418:Albumins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage / Q000379:methods*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008170:Lung Compliance / Q000187:drug effects; D008471:Meconium Aspiration Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000662:veterinary; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000418:Albumins