title: Phosphodiesterase-4A expression is reduced in cerebella of patients with bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) gene family has four members (PDE4 A, B, C, and D) and is the target of several potential therapeutic inhibitors. Recently, PDE4A5 has been shown to bind with disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), which has been identified as a risk factor for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression. We sought to examine whether PDE4A5 expression was altered in cerebella of patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured protein levels of PDE4A isoforms in cerebella of patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression versus matched controls using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that specific isoforms of PDE4A were reduced in cerebella of patients with bipolar disorder, whereas there was no change in patients with schizophrenia or major depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results are the first to show that PDE4A expression is altered in patients with bipolar disorder and provide potential new therapeutic avenues for treatment of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA. fatem002@umn.edu
authors.forename: S Hossein
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Fatemi
authors.forename: Teri J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Reutiman
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Folsom
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000201:enzymology*; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4