title: The role of transactive response DNA-binding protein-43 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examine current evidence that the transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP-43) plays a pathogenic role in both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TDP-43 was recently identified as the major pathological protein in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in the most common pathological subtype of frontotemporal dementia, frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions. In these conditions, abnormal C-terminal fragments of TDP-43 are ubiquitinated, hyperphosphorylated and accumulate as cellular inclusions in neurons and glia. Cells with inclusions show absence of the normal nuclear TDP-43 localization. Recently, missense mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43 have been identified in patients with sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The recent discovery of pathological TDP-43 in both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions confirms that these are closely related conditions within a new biochemical class of neurodegenerative disease, the TDP-43 proteinopathies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, British Columbia, Canada. ian.mackenzie@vch.ca
authors.forename: Ian R A
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rademakers
mesh_terms: D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003704:Dementia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins