title: Activation of P2X7 receptors induces CCL3 production in microglial cells through transcription factor NFAT.
abstract: Microglia are implicated as a source of diverse proinflammatory factors in the CNS. Extracellular nucleotides are well known to be potent activators of glial cells and trigger the release of cytokines from microglia through purinergic receptors. However, little is known about the role of purinoceptors in microglial chemokine release. In this study, we found that high concentrations of ATP evoked release of CC-chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3)/macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha from MG-5 cells, a mouse microglial cell line, and rapid up-regulation of CCL3 mRNA was elicited within 30 min of ATP stimulation. The release of CCL3 was also stimulated by 2'- and 3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl) ATP, an agonist of P2X(7) receptors. Brilliant Blue G, an antagonist of P2X(7) receptors, strongly inhibited this ATP-induced CCL3 release. Similar pharmacological profile was observed in primary microglia. In MG-5 cells, ATP caused de-phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). ATP-induced NFAT de-phosphorylation was also dependent on P2X(7) receptor activation. Furthermore, ATP-induced CCL3 release and production were prevented by a selective inhibitor of NFAT. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate an involvement of NFAT in the mechanism underlying P2X(7) receptor-mediated CCL3 release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and System Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tozaki-Saitoh
authors.forename: Yui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054405:Chemokine CCL3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D004963:Estrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000502:physiology*; D058486:Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004963:Estrenes; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; C546469:P2rx7 protein, mouse; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058486:Receptors, Purinergic P2X7; C060229:1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; C074854:U 73343; D000001:Calcimycin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate