New trends in pharmacogenomic strategies against resistance development in microbial infections.
This review summarizes some of the new trends in the fight against drug resistant bacteria. We review Gram-positive (e.g., S.aureus) and Gram-negative (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Helicobacter pylori) bacteria, the current antibiotic resistance situation, as well as resistance spread and some recently discovered resistance mechanisms, such as those based on integrons and complex transposons. We then summarize several current routes to identify new drugs such as cationic antimicrobial peptides, novel acyldepsipeptides, RNA aptamers and lipopeptides. New drug strategies to treat resistant pathogens include eliciting growth in dormant bacteria, or a new way to attack efflux systems. Typical approaches from pharmacogenomics combined with systems biology and bioinformatics support these routes (simulations, metagenomics and metabolic network modeling), as well as the patient treatment (e.g., haplotyping and immune response).
Ohlsen
Knut
K
Universität Würzburg, Molekulare Infektionsbiologie, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
Dandekar
Gudrun
G
Schwarz
Roland
R
Dandekar
Thomas
T
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents