title: Leptin-mediated neuroendocrine alterations in anorexia nervosa: somatic and behavioral implications.
abstract: Hypoleptinemia is a key endocrinological feature of anorexia nervosa (AN). Several symptoms in acute AN are related to the low circulating leptin levels including amenorrhea and semi-starvation-induced hyperactivity. The drop in leptin levels results from the loss of fat mass; once leptin levels fall below specific thresholds the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and -thyroid axes are down-regulated; in contrast, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is up-regulated. Hypoleptinemia is the major signal underlying both somatic and behavioral adaptations to starvation. Because the mechanisms involved in this adaptation are similar in rodents and humans, rodent models can be used to investigate the relevant central pathways which underly the respective starvation-induced symptoms. During therapeutically induced weight gain, leptin levels can intermittently increase above normal concentrations. This hyperleptinemia could predispose to renewed weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstrasse 174, 45147 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Timo D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Föcker
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Holtkamp
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Herpertz-Dahlmann
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hebebrand
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000503:physiopathology; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D013217:Starvation / Q000503:physiopathology; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin