title: Patients with long bone fracture have altered Caveolin-1 expression in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fracture triggers a cascade of systemic and local responses including inflammatory mediator signaling, chemotaxis, osteogenic cell recruitment, differentiation and proliferation at the fracture site. Early signaling between immune cells and repair cells in fracture repair is not well understood. Caveolin-1, a 21-24 kDa membrane protein plays key roles in transmembrane signaling. This study was to investigate the expression of caveolin-1 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) following long bone fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  PBMNCs were obtained from healthy volunteers or fracture patients at three time points following fracture by density-gradient-centrifugation procedure. Caveolin-1 gene expression and protein characterization was examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Caveolin-1 mRNA and protein was expressed at low levels in the PBMNCs of non-fracture samples. In contrast, caveolin-1 expression was greatly increased in the PBMNCs of fracture patients 9-12 days and reduced at 16-21 days following long bone fracture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identification of caveolin-1 in PBMNCs and osteoblasts makes this cellular domain a new focus for further investigation. We speculate that caveolin-1 expression in PBMNCs and osteoblasts play an important role in signal transduction during the early stages of fracture healing and may be an indicator for normal or abnormal fracture repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, 28 Fu-Xing Road, 100853, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Pei-Fu
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D021941:Caveolae; D051242:Caveolin 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D051242:Caveolin 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger