title: A new approach to the blocking of alloreactive T cell-mediated graft-versus-host disease by in vivo administration of anti-CXCR3 neutralizing antibody.
abstract: Chemokines and chemokine receptors play critical roles in directing the migration of alloreactive donor T cells into graft-vs-host disease (GVHD) target organs. However, blockade of GVHD by antagonist Ab against chemokine receptors remains an elusive goal. Using a mouse model of human GVHD, we demonstrate that in vivo administration of anti-CXCR3 Ab for 21 days (long-term), but not for 7 days (short-term), inhibits alloreactive CD8(+) T cell-mediated GVHD. During a graft-vs-host reaction, infused donor CD8(+) T cells generate two subsets of potent inducers of GVHD: CXCR3(+)CD8(+) and CXCR3(-)CD8(+) T cells. Compared with CXCR3(+)CD8(+) T cells, CXCR3(-)CD8(+) T cells produce less granzyme B, Fas ligand, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha. Interestingly, stimulation with either dendritic cells or IL-2 induces a dynamic conversion between CXCR3(+)CD8(+) and CXCR3(-)CD8(+) T cells. Short-term anti-CXCR3 Ab treatment inhibits only CXCR3(+)CD8(+) T cell-mediated GVHD, but not the disease induced by CXCR3(-)CD8(+) T cells. Prolonged in vivo administration of anti-CXCR3 Ab significantly reduces the infiltration of alloreactive CD8(+) T cells into GVHD target organs and inhibits GVHD mediated by either CXCR3(+)CD8(+) or CXCR3(-)CD8(+) T cells. Thus, we have established a novel and effective approach with the potential to give rise to new clinical methods for preventing and treating GVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Sciences and Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Jianqing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.forename: Jingwu Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Hailiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Emerson
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yanyun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000276:immunology; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D053804:Granzymes / Q000276:immunology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C515188:Cxcr3 protein, mouse; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D053804:Granzymes; C509214:Gzmb protein, mouse