title: Assessing sperm DNA fragmentation in the field: an adaptation of sperm chromatin dispersion technology.
abstract: The sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) test is a new technique that allows assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) in different species. The application of this technique, like other techniques, is restricted to the laboratory. Our investigation was aimed at exploring the possibilities of extending SCD methodology for use in the field, where electric powered facilities such as freezers, microscopes or heaters are not available. Our results showed that SCD methodology, with minor modifications to the standard protocol, can be performed readily in the field, offering reliable information about SDF. An Light Emitting Diode (LED)-equipped microscope attached to a laptop, a gas heater and a CO(2) spray for cooling are sufficient to assess the quality of sperm DNA. The results obtained after assessing 10 different semen samples under different conditions (30 degrees C in the laboratory and at 17 degrees C and 4 degrees C in the field) showed that except after processing the slides at 4 degrees C, the results of SDF in different animals showed no significant differences. With the modifications suggested here, the SCD technique can be used to assess SDF in the wild. In particular, the DNA quality of spermatozoa obtained from animals post mortem can be assessed in the field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. jaime.gosalvez@uam.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gosálvez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gosálbez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arroyo
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López-Fernández
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D005821:Genetic Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D006041:Goats; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000737:chemistry; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004247:DNA