title: Cardiac performance during exercise in patients with Fabry's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fatigability and dyspnoea on effort are present in many patients with Fabry's disease. We assessed the determinants of cardiac performance during exercise in patients with Fabry's disease and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction at rest.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients with Fabry's disease and 16 control subjects underwent radionuclide angiography at rest and during exercise, tissue Doppler echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging at rest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The exercise-induced change in stroke volume was +25 +/- 14% in controls and +5.8 +/- 19% in patients with Fabry's disease (P < 0.001). In 10 patients (group 1), the stroke volume increased (+19 +/- 10%), and in 6 patients (group 2) it decreased (-16 +/- 9%) with exercise. Patients of group 2 were older, had worse renal function, higher left ventricular mass and impaired diastolic function compared to group 1. The abnormal stroke volume response to exercise in group 2 was associated with a decrease in end-diastolic volume (P < 0.001) and a lack of reduction of end-systolic volume (P < 0.01) compared with both controls and group 1. The ratio of peak early-diastolic velocity from mitral filling to peak early-diastolic mitral annulus velocity was the only independent predictor of exercise-induced change in stroke volume (B -0.44; SE 0.119; beta-0.70; P < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of patients with Fabry's disease were able to augment stroke volume during exercise by increasing end-diastolic volume, whereas patients with more advanced cardiac involvement may experience the inability to increase cardiac output by the Frank Starling mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spinelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nicolai
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Acampa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imbriaco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pisani
authors.forename: M A E
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scopacasa
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cianciaruso
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuocolo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D000795:Fabry Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*