title: Transfer profile of intramuscularly administered tetrodotoxin to non-toxic cultured specimens of the pufferfish Takifugu rubripes.
abstract: Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was intramuscularly administered to non-toxic cultured specimens of the pufferfish Takifugu rubripes to investigate TTX transfer/accumulation profiles in the pufferfish body. In two groups of test fish administered either 50MU/individual of TTX standard (purified TTX; PTTX) or crude extract of toxic pufferfish ovary (crude TTX; CTTX), TTX rapidly transferred from the muscle via the blood to other organs. The toxin transfer profiles differed between groups, however, from 4 to 72h. In the PTTX group, little TTX was retained in the liver, and most (>96%) of the toxin remaining in the body transferred/accumulated in the skin after 12h, whereas in the CTTX group, a considerable amount of toxin (15%-23% of the administered toxin or 28%-58% of the remaining toxin) was transferred/retained in the liver for up to 24h, despite the fact that 89% of the remaining toxin transferred/accumulated in the skin at the end of rearing period (168h). The total amount of toxin remaining in the entire body at 1-4h was approximately 60% of the administered toxin in both groups, which decreased at 8-12h, and then increased again to approximately 60%-80% at 24-168h. Immunohistochemical observation revealed that the toxin accumulated in the skin was localized at the basal cells of the epidermal layer.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Emoto
authors.forename: Laymithuna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ngy
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taniyama
authors.forename: Motoaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takatani
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Arakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D023741:Takifugu / Q000378:metabolism*; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013779:Tetrodotoxin