title: Apolipoprotein E and paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms are associated with lower serum thyroid hormones in postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Autoimmune thyroiditis and overt or subclinical hypothyroidism have been associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional investigation of the association between gene polymorphisms related to CVD with thyroid function and autoimmunity.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total 84 healthy postmenopausal women aged 49-69 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  FT3, FT4, anti-TPO and anti-TG were assessed in the sera of participants. The following polymorphisms were assessed from peripheral lymphocyte DNA: Apolipoprotein E E2/E3/E4, paraoxonase 1 A/B, Glycoprotein IIIa leu33pro, MTHFR ala222val, ApoBarg3500gln, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 4G/5G, cholesterol 7-alpha hydroxylase A204C and cholesterol ester transfer protein B1/B2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant correlation was found between Apolipoprotein E and paraoxonase 1 polymorphisms and serum thyroid hormones: carriers of the E2 or E4 allele of the ApoE gene had lower levels of FT4 (P = 0.0005) than women with the E3/E3 genotype. Carriers of the B allele of paraoxonase 1 gene had lower levels of FT3 compared to women with the wild-type genotype (P = 0.047). A statistically significant positive association (P = 0.049) was also observed between anti-TG antibodies and the presence of the E2 allele of the Apolipoprotein E gene.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphisms of apolipoprotein E and paraoxonase 1 are associated with different levels of thyroid hormone and anti-Tg antibody levels in the study population in this pilot study. The mechanism underlying this association remains to be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece. ilambrinoudaki@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lambrinoudaki
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaparos
authors.forename: Demetrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rizos
authors.forename: Fotini
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galapi
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alexandrou
authors.forename: Theodoros N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Sergentanis
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Creatsa
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Christodoulakos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kouskouni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Botsis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase