title: Timing of referral for vascular access placement: a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review was conducted to determine the optimal timing for referring patients with end-stage renal disease to vascular surgery for access placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of the electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Current Contents, Cochrane CENTRAL and Web of Science) was conducted through March 2007. Randomized and observational studies were eligible if they compared an early referral cohort with a late referral cohort in terms of patient-important outcomes such as death, access-related sepsis, and hospitalization related to access complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no studies that fulfilled eligibility criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At the present time, the optimal timing for referral to vascular surgery for vascular access placement is based on expert opinion and choices made by patients and physicians.
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. Murad.Mohammad@mayo.edu
authors.forename: M Hassan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Murad
authors.forename: Anton N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Sidawy
authors.forename: Mohamed B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Elamin
authors.forename: Adnan Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Rizvi
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: Finnian R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: McCausland
authors.forename: Martina M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Danny H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Vo
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: El-Zoghby
authors.forename: Edward T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.forename: Audra A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Michal J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tracz
authors.forename: Patricia J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Erwin
authors.forename: Victor M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Montori
mesh_terms: D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000592:standards*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D013997:Time Factors; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*