title: Psychometric testing of the Leadership and Management Inventory: a tool to measure the skills and abilities of first-line nurse managers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the validity and reliability of the Leadership and Management Inventory, a tool to measure the skills and abilities of first-line nurse managers.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The decision to develop an inventory reflects the need for an instrument that can measure the various skills and abilities first-line nurse managers should possess.
  
  
  METHODS
  Factor analysis was conducted and internal consistency initially estimated on data from 149 registered nurses; a second sample of 197 health care personnel was used to test these results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Principal component analysis of the first sample resulted in a preferred three-factor solution that explained 65.8% of the variance; Cronbach's alpha coefficient varied between 0.90 and 0.95. Analysis of the second sample also resulted in a three-factor solution that explained 64.2% of the variance; Cronbach's alpha coefficient varied from 0.88 to 0.96. For both samples, the factors were labelled 'interpersonal skills and group management', 'achievement orientation' and 'overall organizational view and political savvy'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate that estimates of validity and reliability for the Leadership and Management Inventory can be considered acceptable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Leadership and Management Inventory can be used when first-line nurse managers' leadership and management skills and abilities are to be measured.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research & Development, Uppsala University, Sweden. beeskt@hig.se
authors.forename: Bernice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Skytt
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: Birgitta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ljunggren
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Engström
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003142:Communication; D004650:Employee Performance Appraisal / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007857:Leadership; D009718:Nurse Administrators / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology / Q000592:standards; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000592:standards*; D011057:Politics; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011361:Professional Competence / Q000592:standards; D011594:Psychometrics; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012647:Self-Assessment; D013548:Sweden