title: The prognostic relevance of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and PCNA/VEGF expression in patients with Wilms' tumour.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Wilms' tumour is the most frequent renal tumour in children. Based on the SIOP strategy, children with Wilms' tumour may benefit from preoperative chemotherapy, but few publications address the effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) on patients with Wilms' tumours. The aims of this study were to investigate the prognostic relevance of preoperative TACE followed by tumour resection, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in patients with Wilms' tumours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two therapeutic strategies including tumour resection only and TACE, followed by tumour resection were conducted in a cohort of 44 patients with Wilms' tumours. Clinical and follow-up data was analysed. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to explore PCNA and VEGF expression in the Wilms' tumour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two years tumour-free survival of the patients in the TACE group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the control group (P < 0.001) and recurrence and cases of death within one year in the TACE group was markedly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001). Fifty-five percent of patients in the control group were PCNA-positive vs. 4.17% of patients in the TACE group (P < 0.001). Fifty percent of patients in the control group were VEGF-positive vs. 29.17% of patients in the TACE group (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with Wilms' tumours benefited from preoperative TACE treatment. PCNA expression was significantly lower in patients in the TACE group than those in the control group. There was no significant difference on VEGF expression between the patients in TACE and control groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ 310003, PR China.
authors.forename: W-G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: W-Z
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Y-B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: H-F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: M-J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: W-X
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A