title: Induction of triggering receptors of myeloid cell (TREM-1) expression in fetal membranes and higher concentration of soluble TREM-1 in amniotic fluid with spontaneous preterm birth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document triggering receptors of myeloid cells (TREM-1) expression in fetal membranes and to estimate soluble TREM-1 (sTREM-1) concentrations in the amniotic fluid (AF) from spontaneous preterm birth (PTB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fetal membranes at term not in labor placed in an organ explant system were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Membranes were also collected from PTB with and without microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC).TREM-1 expression and sTREM-1 concentration (in culture media and in AF from PTB) were documented using RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPS and preterm labor induced fetal membrane TREM-1 expression. Higher sTREM-1 concentration was documented in membranes stimulated with LPS compared with unstimulated controls. In AF,sTREM-1 concentration was higher in PTB than normal term deliveries. PTB with MIAC had higher sTREM-1 concentration compared with PTB with no MIAC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TREM-1 is inducible in amniochorion by LPS and preterm labor. Higher sTREM-1 in PTB and in cases with MIAC suggests a role for TREM in infection-associated PTB.
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Research Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37203, USA. fortunat@edge.net
authors.forename: Ramkumar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fortunato
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C408842:TREM1 protein, human; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1