title: Pickering w/o emulsions: drug release and topical delivery.
abstract: The skin absorption from Pickering emulsions as a new dosage form was investigated for the first time. Pickering emulsions are stabilized by adsorbed solid particles instead of emulsifier molecules. They are promising dosage forms that significantly differ from classical emulsions within several features. The skin permeation of a hydrophilic model penetrant (caffeine) was investigated from a w/o Pickering emulsion and compared to a w/o classical emulsion stabilized with an emulsifier. Both emulsions had the same composition and physicochemical properties in order to focus on the effect of the interfacial layer on the drug release and skin absorption processes. The highest permeation rates were obtained from the Pickering emulsion with a pseudo-steady state flux of 25 microg cm(-2)h(-1), threefold higher than from a classical emulsion (9.7 microg cm(-2)h(-1)). After 24h exposure, caffeine was mostly in the receptor fluid and in the dermis; cumulated amounts of caffeine were higher for the Pickering emulsion. Several physicochemical phenomena were investigated for clearing up the mechanisms of enhanced permeation from the Pickering emulsion. Among them, higher adhesion of Pickering emulsion droplets to skin surface was disclosed. The transport of caffeine adsorbed on silica particles was also considered relevant since skin stripping showed that aggregates of silica particles entered deeply the stratum corneum.
authors.affiliation: Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Dermopharmacie et Cosmétologie, Institut des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Lyon F-69003, France.
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frelichowska
authors.forename: Marie-Alexandrine
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bolzinger
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Valour
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mouaziz
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chevalier
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004304:Dosage Forms; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010539:Permeability; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004304:Dosage Forms; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D009821:Oils; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; D002110:Caffeine; D012822:Silicon Dioxide