title: [Proliferation apoptotic influence of crocin on human bladder cancer T24 cell line].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the proliferation, apoptosis and mechanisms on T24 cell of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (TCCB) by crocin.
  
  
  METHODS
  MTT assay was used to evaluate the proliferation of T24 cells. The changes of cell cycle and cell apoptotic percentage were measured by flow cytometry. T24 cells were inoculated into BALB/c nude mice to establish model of carcinoma of bladder. The mice were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. After treatment with 50 mmol x L(-1) crocin, the inhibited growth of tumor was observed. Electronic microscope was used to observe the morphological changes. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, Survivin and Cyclin D1 were detected by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The growth of T24 cells was remarkably inhibited after treatment of crocin. Flow cytometric profiles revealed that crocin led to the increase of the cells in G0/G1 phase, the percentage of cell apoptosis was also increased. Crocin could inhibit the growth of BALB/c xenograft tumor. The morphology changes of cell apoptosis were observed. Bcl-2, Cyclin D1 and survivin expressions determined by immunohistochemical staining were down-regulated after treatment with Bax expression up-regulated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Crocin exerts both in vitro and in vivo anti-cancer effect on TCCB T24 cell line. The mechanisms may change tumour cell cycle and induce tumour cell apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2, Survivin, Cyclin D1 and up-regulating the expression of Bax.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Pei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Chun-li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xiao-hou
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hong-bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Chun-fang
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Hui-ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000077022:Survivin; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: C117749:Birc5 protein, mouse; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000077022:Survivin; D019938:Cyclin D1; D002338:Carotenoids; C029036:crocin