title: In ovo treatment with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides decreases colonization of Salmonella enteriditis in broiler chickens.
abstract: Induction of the innate immune response in newly hatched chickens is important for limiting infections with bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica serovar Enteriditis (SE). CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) can stimulate the innate immune response of young chickens. Therefore, we examined the effectiveness of CpG-ODN administered in ovo on intestinal colonization by SE and the ability to modulate the function of heterophils in young chickens. Heterophils were isolated from 2-day-old chickens and were stimulated with heat-killed SE (HK-SE) or PMA for oxidative burst and HK-SE or live SE for degranulation assays. CpG-ODN treatment had no effect on heterophil oxidative burst when stimulated with HK-SE or PMA. However, HK-SE and live SE increased degranulation (P<0.01) in heterophils from CpG-ODN-treated birds compared to PBS-treated controls. In a second experiment, chickens were orally infected with SE on day 10 post-hatch and cecal contents were collected 6 days later for assessment of SE intestinal colonization. CpG-ODN treatment reduced SE colonization by greater than 10-fold (P<0.001) compared to PBS-injected control birds. Overall, we show for the first time that CpG-ODN given in ovo stimulates innate immune responsiveness of chicken heterophils and increases resistance of young chickens to SE colonization.
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, 2881 F&B Road, College Station, TX 77845, United States. kmackinn@vt.edu
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Mackinnon
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Swaggerty
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: McReynolds
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Genovese
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Duke
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Nerren
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kogut
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis
chemical_list: C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides