title: Frequent amyloid deposition without significant cognitive impairment among the elderly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the prevalence of amyloid deposition in a clinically unimpaired elderly population, as assessed by Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and its relationship to cognitive function, measured with a battery of neuropsychological tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects underwent cognitive testing and PiB PET imaging (15 mCi for 90 minutes with an ECAT HR+ scanner). Logan graphical analysis was applied to estimate regional PiB retention distribution volume, normalized to a cerebellar reference region volume, to yield distribution volume ratios (DVRs).
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  From a community-based sample of volunteers, 43 participants aged 65 to 88 years who did not meet diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer disease or mild cognitive impairment were included.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regional PiB retention and cognitive test performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 43 clinically unimpaired elderly persons imaged, 9 (21%) showed evidence of early amyloid deposition in at least 1 brain area using an objectively determined DVR cutoff. Demographic characteristics did not differ significantly between amyloid-positive and amyloid-negative participants, and neurocognitive performance was not significantly worse among amyloid-positive compared with amyloid-negative participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amyloid deposition can be identified among cognitively normal elderly persons during life, and the prevalence of asymptomatic amyloid deposition may be similar to that of symptomatic amyloid deposition. In this group of participants without clinically significant impairment, amyloid deposition was not associated with worse cognitive function, suggesting that an elderly person with a significant amyloid burden can remain cognitively normal. However, this finding is based on relatively small numbers and needs to be replicated in larger cohorts. Longitudinal follow-up of these subjects will be required to support the potential of PiB imaging to identify preclinical Alzheimer disease, or, alternatively, to show that amyloid deposition is not sufficient to cause Alzheimer disease within some specified period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Howard Jay
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Aizenstein
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Nebes
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Saxton
authors.forename: Julie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Chester A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mathis
authors.forename: Nicholas D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Tsopelas
authors.forename: Scott K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ziolko
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Beth E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Snitz
authors.forename: Patricia R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Houck
authors.forename: Wenzhu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Ann D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lopresti
authors.forename: Steven T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: DeKosky
authors.forename: Edythe M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Halligan
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Klunk
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012016:Reference Values; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: C475519:2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole; D000682:Amyloid; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D013844:Thiazoles