title: Elevated cerebrospinal fluid levels of prostaglandin E2 and 15-(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that the arachodinic acid metabolites prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 15-(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15(S)-HETE) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are elevated and reflect neuroinflammation and degenerative changes in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured PGE2 and 15(S)-HETE concentrations, as well as markers of axonal and astroglial injury in CSF from 46 MS patients, 46 healthy siblings and 50 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found elevated levels of both PGE2 and 15(S)-HETE in MS compared with the control and sibling groups. Siblings had lower PGE2 levels and higher 15(S)-HETE levels than controls. There were no correlations between either PGE2 or 15(S)-HETE and clinical scores of MS severity or biochemical markers of axonal or astroglial injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest no direct involvement of PGE2 and 15(S)-HETE in the MS disease process. Rather, the elevated levels reflect a general up-regulation of arachidonic acid metabolism and neuroinflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mattsson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yaong
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rosengren
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blennow
authors.forename: J-E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Månsson
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zetterberg
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haghighi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zho
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pratico
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; D015232:Dinoprostone