title: CD36 gene promoter polymorphisms are associated with low density lipoprotein-cholesterol in normal twins and after a low-calorie diet in obese subjects.
abstract: Common polymorphisms of the CD36 fatty acid transporter gene have been associated with lipid metabolism and cardiovascular disease. Association of a CD36 promoter single nucleotide polymorphism genotype with anthropometry and serum lipids was investigated in normal subjects, and in obese subjects during an 8-week low calorie diet and 6-month weight-maintenance period. 2728 normal female Twins UK subjects (mean body mass index 24.8 +/- 4.4 kg/m2; age 47.3 +/- 12.5 y) and 183 obese male and female Spanish subjects (mean body mass index 30.6 +/- 3.0 kg/m2; age 35.0 +/- 5.0 y) were genotyped for the CD36-22674 T/C (rs2151916) promoter single nucleotide polymorphism. In the Twins UK full cohort, the C-allele was associated with lower low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = .02, N = 2396). No associations were found in the obese Spanish subjects at baseline, but 6 months after the end of the low-calorie diet, the C-allele was associated with lower total- (p = .03) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = .01) and higher high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p = .01). Intake of saturated fatty acids was lower in carriers of the C-allele at baseline, but not significantly so (p = .11). However, 6 months after the end of the low-calorie diet, elements of the lipid profile were correlated with saturated fatty acid intake: total cholesterol r = .21, p = .060; low density lipoprotein-cholesterol: r = .25, p = .043; high density lipoprotein-cholesterol: r = -.26, p = .007. CD36 promoter SNP allele -22674C is therefore associated with lower serum low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol in normal female twins and with improved lipid profile during weight loss and maintenance in obese subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Food Science, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Spain.
authors.forename: Estibaliz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goyenechea
authors.forename: Laura J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parra
authors.forename: Gaifen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Snieder
authors.forename: Ramasamyiyer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.forename: Tim D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Spector
authors.forename: J Alfredo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Sandra D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: O'Dell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D014427:Twins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018955:CD36 Antigens; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL