title: Occurrence and characterization of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar 9,12:l,v:- strains from Bulgaria, Denmark, and the United States.
abstract: In 2006, Salmonella enterica serovar I 9,12:l,v:- emerged in Bulgaria. The aim of this study was to characterize Salmonella serovar I 9,12:l,v:- isolates from Bulgaria, Denmark, and the United States. We compared isolates of Salmonella I 9,12:l,v:- and diphasic serovars with similar antigenic formulas by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and antimicrobial susceptibility. The phase 2 flagellin gene (fljB) was also sequenced for selected isolates. By PFGE, the Salmonella I 9,12:l,v:- isolates from Bulgaria were indistinguishable from the isolate from the United States and distinct from isolates from Denmark; furthermore, several Salmonella I 9,12:l,v:- were indistinguishable from an isolate of Salmonella serovar Goettingen. Sequence analysis showed 100% sequence identity with known H:e,n,z15 sequences of Salmonella Goettingen, which has the antigenic formula I 9,12:l,v:e,n,z15. The study indicated that Salmonella I 9,12:l,v:- is a monophasic variant of Salmonella Goettingen and is present in different countries and on different continents.
authors.affiliation: National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria. petrov_pk2003@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petrov
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hendriksen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kantardjiev
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Asseva
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fields
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mikoleit
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Whichard
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McQuiston
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torpdahl
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Aarestrup
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Angulo
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002031:Bulgaria / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005408:Flagellin / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012703:Serotyping; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D005408:Flagellin