title: Tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 increase Bcl-2 levels and inhibit growth of breast carcinoma cells by modulating PI3K/AKT, ERK and IGF-1R pathways independent of ERalpha.
abstract: We recently showed that estrogen withdrawal from the ERalpha(+), high Bcl-2-expressing breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7B) reduced Bcl-2 protein levels while increasing cell-cell adhesion, and junction formation. Here we compared these cells with the ERalpha(+) and low Bcl-2-expressing MCF-7 cells and with the normal mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10-2A not expressing ERalpha or Bcl-2. All cell lines expressed normal HER2. Antiestrogen (Tamoxifen and ICI 182,780) treatment increased Bcl-2 levels in both MCF-7 and -7B cells and led to the formation of acinar structures. This treatment led to the dissociation of junctions and redistribution of junctional components to the cytoplasm in MCF-10-2A and -7 cells, while in MCF-7B cells junctional proteins redistributed to membranes. Antiestrogen treatment decreased PI3K/Akt activation and increased ERK activation regardless of ERalpha status. IGF-1R was inactivated in the antiestrogen-treated MCF-7 cells while it was activated in MCF-7B cells. Our data show that Tamoxifen and ICI 182,780 can induce growth inhibitory effects via the sustained activation/inactivation of signaling pathways that regulate cell survival, cell death and differentiation in the absence of ERalpha. Furthermore, Bcl-2 overexpression may alter the functional interactions among these pathways in response to antiestrogens, which also may provide a potential explanation for the observation that Bcl-2 overexpressing tumors have a better prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, 6-24 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2H7.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Xiuying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Zackie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aktary
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Manijeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pasdar
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D017630:Connexins / Q000187:drug effects; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D006801:Humans; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017630:Connexins; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D013629:Tamoxifen; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D004958:Estradiol; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases