BioCapacitor--a novel category of biosensor.
This research reports on the development of an innovative biosensor, known as BioCapacitor, in which biological recognition elements are combined with a capacitor functioning as the transducer. The analytical procedure of the BioCapacitor is based on the following principle: a biocatalyst, acting as a biological recognition element, oxidizes or reduces the analyte to generate electric power, which is then charged into a capacitor via a charge pump circuit (switched capacitor regulator) until the capacitors attains full capacity. Since the charging rate of the capacitor depends on the biocatalytic reaction of the analyte, the analyte concentration can be determined by monitoring the time/frequency required for the charge/discharge cycle of the BioCapacitor via a charge pump circuit. As a representative model, we constructed a BioCapacitor composed of FAD-dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FADGDH) as the anodic catalyst, and attempted a glucose measurement. Charge/discharge frequency of the BioCapacitor increased with the increasing glucose concentration, exhibiting good correlation with glucose concentration. We have also constructed a wireless sensing system using the BioCapacitor combined with an infrared light emitting diode (IRLED), an IR phototransistor system. In the presence of glucose, the IRLED signal was observed due to the discharge of the BioCapacitor and detected by an IR phototransistor in a wireless receiver. Therefore, a BioCapacitor employing FADGDH as its anodic catalyst can be operated as a self-powered enzyme sensor.
Hanashi
Takuya
T
Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan.
Yamazaki
Tomohiko
T
Tsugawa
Wakako
W
Ferri
Stefano
S
Nakayama
Daisuke
D
Tomiyama
Masamitsu
M
Ikebukuro
Kazunori
K
Sode
Koji
K
D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D025802:Electric Capacitance; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D042843:Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D042843:Glucose 1-Dehydrogenase; D005947:Glucose