title: Mammography screening: views from women and primary care physicians in Crete.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among women and a leading cause of death from cancer in women in Europe. Although breast cancer incidence is on the rise worldwide, breast cancer mortality over the past 25 years has been stable or decreasing in some countries and a fall in breast cancer mortality rates in most European countries in the 1990s was reported by several studies, in contrast, in Greece have not reported these favourable trends. In Greece, the age-standardised incidence and mortality rate for breast cancer per 100.000 in 2006 was 81,8 and 21,7 and although it is lower than most other countries in Europe, the fall in breast cancer mortality that observed has not been as great as in other European countries. There is no national strategy for screening in this country. This study reports on the use of mammography among middle-aged women in rural Crete and investigates barriers to mammography screening encountered by women and their primary care physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  Semi-structured individual interviews.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty women between 45-65 years of age, with a mean age of 54,6 years, and standard deviation 6,8 from rural areas of Crete and 28 qualified primary care physicians, with a mean age of 44,7 years and standard deviation 7,0 serving this rural population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative thematic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most women identified several reasons for not using mammography. These included poor knowledge of the benefits and indications for mammography screening, fear of pain during the procedure, fear of a serious diagnosis, embarrassment, stress while anticipating the results, cost and lack of physician recommendation. Physicians identified difficulties in scheduling an appointment as one reason women did not use mammography and both women and physicians identified distance from the screening site, transportation problems and the absence of symptoms as reasons for non-use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women are inhibited from participating in mammography screening in rural Crete. The provision of more accessible screening services may improve this. However physician recommendation is important in overcoming women's inhibitions. Primary care physicians serving rural areas need to be aware of barriers preventing women from attending mammography screening and provide women with information and advice in a sensitive way so women can make informed decisions regarding breast cancer screening.
authors.affiliation: University of Crete, Head of Department of Social Work, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Martrig1@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trigoni
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsiftsis
authors.forename: Eugenios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Koumantakis
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lionis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008327:Mammography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors