Phenylephrine versus norepinephrine for initial hemodynamic support of patients with septic shock: a randomized, controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Previous findings suggest that a delayed administration of phenylephrine replacing norepinephrine in septic shock patients causes a more pronounced hepatosplanchnic vasoconstriction as compared with norepinephrine. Nevertheless, a direct comparison between the two study drugs has not yet been performed. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to investigate the effects of a first-line therapy with either phenylephrine or norepinephrine on systemic and regional hemodynamics in patients with septic shock.


METHODS
We performed a prospective, randomized, controlled trial in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit in a university hospital. We enrolled septic shock patients (n = 32) with a mean arterial pressure below 65 mmHg despite adequate volume resuscitation. Patients were randomly allocated to treatment with either norepinephrine or phenylephrine infusion (n = 16 each) titrated to achieve a mean arterial pressure between 65 and 75 mmHg. Data from right heart catheterization, a thermodye dilution catheter, gastric tonometry, acid-base homeostasis, as well as creatinine clearance and cardiac troponin were obtained at baseline and after 12 hours. Differences within and between groups were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance for repeated measurements with group and time as factors. Time-independent variables were compared with one-way analysis of variance.


RESULTS
No differences were found in any of the investigated parameters.


CONCLUSIONS
The present study suggests there are no differences in terms of cardiopulmonary performance, global oxygen transport, and regional hemodynamics when phenylephrine was administered instead of norepinephrine in the initial hemodynamic support of septic shock.


BACKGROUND
ClinicalTrial.gov NCT00639015.
Morelli
Andrea
A
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University of Rome, La Sapienza, Viale del Policlinico 155, Rome 00161, Italy. andrea.morelli@uniroma1.it
Ertmer
Christian
C
Rehberg
Sebastian
S
Lange
Matthias
M
Orecchioni
Alessandra
A
Laderchi
Amalia
A
Bachetoni
Alessandra
A
D'Alessandro
Mariadomenica
M
Van Aken
Hugo
H
Pietropaoli
Paolo
P
Westphal
Martin
M
D000368:Aged; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D010656:Phenylephrine; D009638:Norepinephrine