title: [Angiotensin II induces toll-like receptor 4 expression and myeloperoxidase activity in RAW264.7 cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) on mRNA and protein expressions of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in RAW264.7 cells, and explore its pro-inflammatory and pro-atherosclerotic mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Murine RAW264.7 cells were cultured and stimulated with different concentrations (1, 10, 100 and 1,000 nmol/L) of Ang II or LPS (100 microg/L) for 24 h. TLR4 mRNA levels were analyzed by RT-PCR, and TLR4 protein expression was measured by Western blot. MPO activity in the supernatant was assayed with colorimetry. Then, the cells were pretreated with TLR4 blocker (1 and 5 mg/L) for 1 h prior to stimulation with 100 nmol/L Ang II for 24 h, and MPO activity in the supernatant was detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ang II increased mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 in RAW264.7 cells in concentration-dependent manner (P<0.01), and LPS also induced mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 in RAW264.7 cells (P<0.01). In addition, Ang II concentration-dependently elevated MPO activity in RAW264.7 cells (P<0.01), and LPS also enhanced MPO activity of RAW264.7 cells (P<0.01), but the TLR4 blocker significantly antagonized the effect of Ang II on MPO activity (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ang II upregulates TLR4 expressions, and induces MPO secretion via TLR4 in RAW264.7 cells, which mediate the pro-inflammatory effect of Ang II to contribute formation and development of atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, China.
authors.forename: Yuan-yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Zhi-dong
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun-tian
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009195:Peroxidase