Screening for marijuana and cocaine abuse by immunoanalysis and gas chromatography.
Drug abuse among college students is characterized by lower academic performance and long-term negative consequences. Screening to detect students at high risk of consuming drugs is of primary importance to insure early identification and appropriate levels of care. As a result, this study aimed to determine the current or past use of drug abuse through a questionnaire applied to a student population at the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos. The results were confirmed by immunoanalysis and gas chromatography of urine. We interviewed 181 students aged 15 to 21 (gender was not considered in this study), and urine samples were collected for analytical analysis. For detection of metabolites Delta9-THCA-A and benzoylecgonine from marijuana and cocaine, respectively, a homogenous enzymatic inmmunoanalysis was used; subsequent samples were analyzed by a mass spectrometer with quadrupole detector. Seven samples of the total (181) did not completely fit the inclusion criteria and were eliminated. The results showed 0.50% and 1.16% positive samples for benzoylecgonine and Delta9-THCA-A, respectively. These results are not different from those of the National Questionnaire on Addiction. We can establish a program for detecting drug consumption in our students. This kind of study is important in order to implement programs that can help us to decrease the abuse of drugs in our college population.
Garcia-Jimenez
Sara
S
Facultad de Farmacia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. saragarcia@uaem.mx
Heredia-Lezama
Karina
K
Bilbao-Marcos
Fernando
F
Fuentes-Lara
Griselda
G
Monroy-Noyola
Antonio
A
Deciga-Campos
Myrna
M
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008403:Mass Screening; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult
C005618:benzoylecgonine; D013759:Dronabinol; D003042:Cocaine