Vitamin D and skin cancer: a meta-analysis.
A comprehensive bibliographic search of the literature was conducted to identify studies on Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma (CMM) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), Vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms, Vitamin D intake and 25(OH)D serum levels. Fully adjusted risk estimates were found and extracted for the two polymorphisms FokI and BsmI and Vitamin D intake. Ten studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 6805 skin cancer cases. We found an association with CMM for both polymorphisms. The summary relative risks (SRR) for the studies on CMM were: 1.21 (1.03-1.42) and 1.21 (0.95-1.54) for the Ff and ff versus wild-type of FokI, respectively. The SRR for ff versus wild-type became significant with the inclusion of NMSC. The SRR for the studies on CMM were: 0.78 (0.65-0.92) and 0.75 (0.59-0.95) for the Bb and BB versus wild-type of BsmI, respectively. There is also a slight indication of a role of dietary Vitamin D in CMM development. In conclusion, this meta-analysis suggests a possible significant role of VDR FokI and BsmI polymorphism in CMM and NMSC risk. The association with Vitamin D intake is less clear and further studies could be useful to clarify the role of diet.
Gandini
Sara
S
Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy. sara.gandini@ieo.it
Raimondi
Sara
S
Gnagnarella
Patrizia
P
Doré
Jean-Francois
JF
Maisonneuve
Patrick
P
Testori
Alessandro
A
D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D014807:Vitamin D; C053864:endodeoxyribonuclease BsmI; C035042:endodeoxyribonuclease FokI; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific