title: Muscle tissue kinetics of oxytetracycline following intramuscular and oral administration at two dosages to giant freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii).
abstract: The giant river shrimp (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), a native species of Thailand, is either exported for commercial purposes or supplied to meet the local requirements in Thailand. Limited pharmacokinetic information of the major antibiotic, oxytetracycline (OTC), is available for this freshwater shrimp. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the muscle tissue kinetics of OTC in M. rosenbergii following either intramuscular (i.m.) or oral (p.o.) administration at two dosages of 11 and 22 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). The concentration of OTC in shrimp tissues was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with a fluorescence detector. Muscle tissue concentrations were below the detection limit (LOD, 0.1 microg/g) after 96 and 120 h, following i.m. and p.o. administration, respectively. Peak muscle concentrations (C(max)) were 3.47 and 1.73 microg/g after i.m. and p.o. administration at a single dose of 11 mg/kg b.w. whereas they were 6.03 and 2.51 microg/g at a single dose of 22 mg/kg b.w., respectively. A noncompartment model was developed to describe the pharmacokinetics of OTC in the giant freshwater shrimp. The terminal half-lives of OTC were 28.68 and 28.09 h after i.m. and p.o. administration at a single dose of 11 mg/kg b.w., but 29.95 and 27.03 h at a single dose of 22 mg/kg b.w., respectively. The relative bioavailability was 82.32 and 64.67% following i.m. and p.o. administration, respectively. Based on the pharmacokinetic data, i.m. and p.o. administration with OTC at a dose of 11 mg/kg b.w. would be appropriate for use in giant freshwater shrimp farming. To avoid the OTC residue in shrimp muscle, it should take at least seven half-lives (8 days) to wash out the drug from the muscle of M. rosenbergii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand. fvetamp@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poapolathep
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poapolathep
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jermnak
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imsilp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wannapat
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugita-Konishi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumagai
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism*; D010118:Oxytetracycline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D033541:Palaemonidae
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010118:Oxytetracycline