title: Increased reverse triiodothyronine is associated with shorter survival in independently-living elderly: the Alsanut study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increased reverse tritiodothyronine (T(3)) used to be described as a part of euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS). It was demonstrated to be associated with increased mortality in acutely ill patients. It can also be found with low or normal T(3) in non-severely ill subjects but its significance remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Alsanut study included a representative sample of 440 independently-living subjects aged 65 or over constituted between January 1988 and September 1989. Past and current medical history and nutritional data were collected at inclusion. Baseline thyroid hormone (TSH, FT(4), FT(3) and rT(3)) serum levels were measured. Life status was determined on 1 December 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 374 elderly subjects included in the final analysis, 52 had abnormal TSH (43 with hyperthyroidism, nine with hypothyroidism) and 80.7% had died by 1 December 2005. There was no statistical difference in survival between subjects according to thyroid function (P=0.54). Of the 322 elderly subjects with normal TSH, mortality rate was 81.1%. ESS was found in 3.4%, whereas 8.1% of the participants displayed elevated rT(3) with normal FT(3). Time to death was strongly related to rT(3) (P<0.0001) and FT(3) (P<0.0001) in a univariate analysis. After adjusting for other confounding variables, rT(3) was the only thyroid hormone associated with shorter survival (P=0.014).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RT(3) was the only thyroid hormone associated with shorter survival in a representative population of independently-living elderly. In these subjects, isolated elevated rT(3) might be an equivalent of ESS, reflecting declining health.
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine Interne et Nutrition, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Avenue Molière, 67098 Strasbourg Cedex, France.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Forestier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vinzio
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sapin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Schlienger
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Goichot
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005067:Euthyroid Sick Syndromes / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D011277:Pregnanediones; D015995:Prevalence; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood; D014285:Triiodothyronine, Reverse / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D011277:Pregnanediones; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D014285:Triiodothyronine, Reverse; D013972:Thyrotropin; C084598:hydroxydione; D013974:Thyroxine