title: Soybean (Glycine max) allergy in Europe: Gly m 5 (beta-conglycinin) and Gly m 6 (glycinin) are potential diagnostic markers for severe allergic reactions to soy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Soybean is considered an important allergenic food, but published data on soybean allergens are controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to identify relevant soybean allergens and correlate the IgE-binding pattern to clinical characteristics in European patients with confirmed soy allergy.
  
  
  METHODS
  IgE-reactive proteins were identified from a soybean cDNA expression library, purified from natural soybean source, or expressed in Escherichia coli. The IgE reactivity in 30 sera from subjects with a positive double-blind, placebo-controlled soybean challenge (n = 25) or a convincing history of anaphylaxis to soy (n = 5) was analyzed by ELISA or CAP-FEIA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subunits of Gly m 5 (beta-conglycinin) and Gly m 6 (glycinin) were IgE-reactive: 53% (16/30) of the study subjects had specific IgE to at least 1 major storage protein, 43% (13/30) to Gly m 5 , and 36% (11/30) to Gly m 6. Gly m 5 was IgE-reactive in 5 of 5 and Gly m 6 in 3 of 5 children. IgE-binding to Gly m 5 or Gly m 6 was found in 86% (6/7) subjects with anaphylaxis to soy and in 55% (6/11) of subjects with moderate but only 33% (4/12) of subjects with mild soy-related symptoms. The odds ratio (P < .05) for severe versus mild allergic reactions in subjects with specific IgE to Gly m 5 or Gly m6 was 12/1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sensitization to the soybean allergens Gly m 5 or Gly m 6 is potentially indicative for severe allergic reactions to soy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Langen, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Holzhauser
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wackermann
authors.forename: Barbara K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Ballmer-Weber
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bindslev-Jensen
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scibilia
authors.forename: Lorenza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perono-Garoffo
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Utsumi
authors.forename: Lars K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vieths
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D015723:Gene Library; D005916:Globulins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D055314:Seed Storage Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052179:Antigens, Plant; D015415:Biomarkers; D005916:Globulins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D055314:Seed Storage Proteins; D030262:Soybean Proteins; C013894:beta-conglycinin protein, Glycine max; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; C011474:glycinin