Acute effects of three high-fat meals with different fat saturations on energy expenditure, substrate oxidation and satiety.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the acute effects of three fatty meals with different fat quality on postprandial thermogenesis, substrate oxidation and satiety.


METHODS
Twenty-nine healthy men aged between 18 and 30 years participated in a randomised crossover trial comparing the thermogenic effects of three isocaloric meals: high in polyunsaturated fatty acids from walnuts, high in monounsaturated fatty acids from olive oil, and high in saturated fatty acids from fat-rich dairy products. Indirect calorimetry was used to determine resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient, 5-h postprandial energy expenditure and substrate oxidation. Satiety was estimated by using visual analogue scales and measuring caloric intake in a subsequent ad libitum meal.


RESULTS
Five-h postprandial thermogenesis was higher by 28% after the high-polyunsaturated meal (p=0.039) and by 23% higher after the high-monounsaturated meal (p=0.035) compared with the high-saturated meal. Fat oxidation rates increased nonsignificantly after the two meals rich in unsaturated fatty acids and decreased nonsignificantly after the high-saturated fatty acid meal. Postprandial respiratory quotient, protein and carbohydrate oxidation, and satiety measures were similar among meals.


CONCLUSIONS
Fat quality determined the thermogenic response to a fatty meal but had no clear effects on substrate oxidation or satiety.
Casas-Agustench
P
P
Human Nutrition Unit, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
López-Uriarte
P
P
Bulló
M
M
Ros
E
E
Gómez-Flores
A
A
Salas-Salvadó
J
J
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003611:Dairy Products; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D031324:Juglans; D008297:Male; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010938:Plant Oils; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000187:drug effects*; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
D004041:Dietary Fats; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils