Clinical and psychological correlates of two domains of hopelessness in schizophrenia.
Hopelessness is a widely observed barrier to recovery from schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Yet little is known about how clinical, social, and psychological factors independently affect hope. Additionally, the relationships that exist between these factors and different kinds of hope are unclear. To explore both issues, we correlated two aspects of hope, expectations of the future and agency, with stigma, clinical symptoms, anxiety, and coping preferences in 143 persons with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Multiple regressions revealed that hope for the future was predicted by lesser alienation, lesser preference for ignoring stressors, and lesser emotional discomfort and negative symptoms, accounting for 43% of the variance. A greater sense of agency was linked to lesser endorsement of mental illness stereotypes, fewer negative symptoms, lesser social phobia, and lesser preference for ignoring stressors, accounting for 44% of the variance. Implications for research and interventions are discussed.
Lysaker
Paul H
PH
Richard L. Roudebush Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center (VAMC), Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. plysaker@iupui.edu,paul.lysaker@med.va.gov
Salyers
Michelle P
MP
Tsai
Jack
J
Spurrier
Linda Yorkman
LY
Davis
Louanne W
LW
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013240:Stereotyping; D014728:Veterans