title: How evidence-based is venous leg ulcer care? A survey in community settings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper is a report of a study to describe venous leg ulcer care regarding compression, pain management and lifestyle advice in community settings and to identify factors that predict the provision of lifestyle advice by nurses.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Incongruence between evidence and practice in leg ulcer care has been reported. Little is known about predictive factors related to the provision of lifestyle advice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two focus interviews and a Delphi procedure were used to develop a self-administered questionnaire based on the Graham questionnaire. Nurses employed by community healthcare organizations and independent nurses in private practices participated (n = 789). The data were collected in 2006.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compression was applied in 58.7% of patients with venous ulcers. Pain was present in 82.9%. A third of patients with pain received analgesics, but half of these patients (52.1%) took analgesics as prescribed. Half of the nurses (50.8%) gave lifestyle advice related to the leg ulcer. It was mainly instructions about leg elevation (68.3%), promoting physical activity (39.8%) and optimizing nutrition (16.7%) that were provided. Nurses who perceived themselves to have adequate leg ulcer knowledge and skills were 3.75 times more likely to provide lifestyle advice compared with those lacking such knowledge and skills. Nurses who found leg ulcer care not rewarding, rarely successful or difficult gave statistically significantly less lifestyle advice than those who found it rather rewarding, successful and not difficult.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with leg ulcers receive less than optimum care and patient education. A particular challenge lies in leg ulcer education programmes and pain management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health-Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium. ann.vanhecke@ugent.be
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Hecke
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grypdonck
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beele
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Bacquer
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Defloor
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003152:Community Health Nursing / Q000592:standards*; D003625:Data Collection; D003697:Delphi Technique; D005260:Female; D006699:Home Care Services / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D059408:Pain Management; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000592:standards; D053828:Stockings, Compression; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014647:Varicose Ulcer / Q000628:therapy*