title: Mixed herbs drugs: inhibitory effect on growth of the endogenous mycoflora and aflatoxin production.
abstract: Twenty commercial mixed herbal drugs were examined for mycological profile. Aspergillus species were the predominant fungi found in the drugs. Other fungi harboured in the drugs with less frequency were Paecilomyces species, Eurotium species, Monascus species, Acremonium species, Penicillium species, Cladosporium species, Scopulariopsis species, Phialophora species and Fonseceae species. Fungal count was between 1.0 log(10) CFU and 2.4 log(10) CFU per gram of sample. When the drugs were incubated in 85% humidity at 25 degrees C, fungal colonies grew on only two of the drugs. The mixed herbal drugs were extracted with water and the extracts were used to grow Aspergillus parasiticus. All extracts reduced aflatoxin B(1) and aflatoxin G(1) production by 62-97%. All but two of the extracts reduced aflatoxin B(2) and aflatoxin G(2) production by 39-95%. It can be concluded that the commercial powdered mixed herbal drugs contained low number of endogenous fungi, and these drugs are inhibitory to the growth of its endogenous fungi and aflatoxins production by aflatoxigenic fungi.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. fuat@imr.gov.my
authors.forename: Mohd Fuat Abd
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Razak
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Aidoo
authors.forename: A G G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Candlish
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D010936:Plant Extracts