Recent advances in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive disorder caused by a combination of insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. It is associated with an increased and premature risk of cardiovascular disease as well as specific microvascular complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. In the last 5 years new glucose lowering drugs acting on novel pathways have been developed, licensed and launched, such as the glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) agonists (exenatide) and dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-IV) inhibitors such as sitagliptin and vildagliptin. This review looks at these new agents in terms of their mode of action, pharmacokinetics and use in clinical practice. This review also includes new agents in the area of weight loss that may have a positive effect for glucose management-for example, rimonabant.
Srinivasan
B T
BT
Department of Diabetes Research, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Jarvis
J
J
Khunti
K
K
Davies
M J
MJ
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004152:Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054795:Incretins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077285:Rimonabant
D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D054795:Incretins; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D004152:Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases; D000077285:Rimonabant