title: Optimum level of salt in French-type bread. Influence of income status, salt level in daily bread consumption, and test location.
abstract: The objectives of the present study were to measure the ideal salt concentration in French-type bread among Argentine consumers in a home-usage-test (HUT) considering income status and salt content of daily bread consumption as covariables, and to compare the ideal salt concentrations measured in a HUT and a central-location test (CLT). For the HUT, 420 consumers each received a sample of bread with a single salt concentration, and for the CLT, 100 consumers each received 7 samples with different salt concentrations. For each sample, consumers responded if they found the bread "not-salty-enough,""okay," or "too-salty." Neither income level nor salt content of daily bread influenced probability of rejection. The optimum sodium concentrations (milligrams per 100 g of bread dry basis) +/- 95% confidence limits for the HUT and CLT were 980 +/- 74 and 1157 +/- 87, respectively. These values are substantially higher than 628, the mean sodium content of the bread sampled from the bakery shops where consumers bought their daily bread.
authors.affiliation: ISETA (6500) Nueve de Julio, Buenos Aires and Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas (1900) La Plata, Argentina.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sosa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hough
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Apro
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ferreyra
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Orbea
mesh_terms: D001118:Argentina; D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis*; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D016014:Linear Models; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride