title: Grape seed extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colon carcinoma cells.
abstract: One approach to control colorectal cancer (CRC) is its preventive intervention by dietary agents or those consumed as supplements. However, because most of these products are often consumed by patients as an complementary and alternative medicine practice, a scientific base such as efficacy, mechanism, and standardized preparation needs to be developed. Grape seed extract (GSE) is one such supplement widely consumed by humans for its several health benefits. We reported recently that GSE inhibits CRC cell HT29 growth in culture and nude mice xenograft. Because GSE is available commercially through different vendors, here we assessed whether GSE from 2 different manufacturers produces comparable biological effects in a panel of human CRC cell lines. Our results show that irrespective of source, GSE strongly inhibits LoVo, HT29, and SW480 cell growth, with a G1 arrest in LoVo and HT29 cells but an S and/or G2/M arrest in SW480 cell cycle progression. GSE also induced Cip/p21 levels in all 3 cell lines. Furthermore, an induction of apoptosis was observed in all 3 cell lines by GSE. Taken together, our findings suggest that GSE could be an effective CAM agent against CRC possibly due to its strong growth inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Manjinder
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Reinuka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mandair
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Chapla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Agarwal
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000032:analysis; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000502:physiology; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D010936:Plant Extracts; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27