title: Sex differences in nicotine reinforcement and reward: influences on the persistence of tobacco smoking.
authors.affiliation: Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. perkinska@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Perkins
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D001245:Association Learning; D003463:Cues; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012201:Reward; D012646:Self Administration; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000523:psychology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine