title: Trichophyton species susceptibility to green and red propolis from Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The in vitro antifungal activity of Brazilian green and red propolis was tested against different species of Trichophyton.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The antifungal activity of the Brazilian aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the green propolis and the alcoholic extract of red propolis was observed against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton mentagrohytes samples, using as controls itraconazole and terbinafine. The minimal inhibitory concentration was determined following the microdilution method indicated by the 'Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute'. The minimal fungicide concentration was determined by the absence of growth in liquid sabouraud culture medium. The data obtained showed that the green propolis alcoholic extract's antifungal activity was from 64 to 1024 microg ml(-1), whereas the red propolis alcoholic extract was from 8 to 1024 microg ml(-1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The antifungal activity of the red propolis alcoholic extract was more efficient than the green propolis alcoholic extract for all three species studied. The T. rubrum samples were shown to be more sensitive to the antifungal activity of the alcoholic extracts of the propolis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The antifungal potential of the alcoholic extracts of green and red propolis demonstrated suggest an applicable potential as an alternative treatment for dermatophytosis caused by these species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mycology, Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife-PE, Brazil. absiqueira@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A B S
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cambuim
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Souza-Motta
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de Queiroz
authors.forename: A L F
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Porto
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D011429:Propolis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077291:Terbinafine; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009281:Naphthalenes; D017964:Itraconazole; D011429:Propolis; D000077291:Terbinafine