title: Mandibular distraction osteogenesis in the pediatric patient.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a concise review of recent advances in mandibular distraction osteogenesis as it applies to the field of pediatric otolaryngology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The successful use of mandibular distraction osteogenesis is becoming well established in the literature. Large case series with long-term follow-up are lending strong evidence in support of mandibular distraction osteogenesis in the management of airway obstruction and craniofacial deformities resulting from mandibular deficiency. These recent publications offer refinements in patient selection as well as expanding indications for this surgical intervention. At the same time, an emphasis on reduction of complications and better patient compliance has led to a search for improved device technology. Additionally, there has been an increased interest in understanding of the basic science of distraction osteogenesis at a molecular level. Numerous researchers are investigating the cellular mechanisms involved in distraction osteogenesis bone healing and are attempting to manipulate these factors to improve patient outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The field of pediatric distraction osteogenesis continues to advance with active research and study. As clinical experience increases, new models of device design and molecular manipulation have emerged on the scene, promising improved patient outcomes and fewer complications.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric ENT Association, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55404, USA. btibesar@pedsent.com
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Tibesar
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sidman
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D019186:Mandibular Advancement; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction