Is TRPV1 a useful target in respiratory diseases?
This review focuses on the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). TRPV1 is a non-selective cation channel predominantly expressed in the cell membranes of sensory afferent fibers, which are activated multi-modally. In the mammalian respiratory system, immunohistochemical and electrophysiological studies have revealed heterogeneous localizations of TRPV1 channels in the airways and their presence in pleural afferents. TRPV1 channels in afferents are not only involved with sensory inputs, but also release several neuropeptides upon stimulation. These processes trigger pathophysiological effects (e.g. reflex bronchoconstriction, hypersecretion, cough, etc.) that cause various symptoms of airway diseases. Recent studies have identified several endogenous and exogenous substances that can activate TRPV1 in the lung. Because of its key role in initiating inflammatory processes, TRPV1 receptor antagonists have been proposed as therapeutic candidates. Therefore, a critical update of recent therapeutic results is also given in this review.
Takemura
Masaya
M
Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Free University Berlin and Humboldt-University Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. masaya.takemura@charite.de
Quarcoo
David
D
Niimi
Akio
A
Dinh
Q Thai
QT
Geppetti
Pierangelo
P
Fischer
Axel
A
Chung
K Fan
KF
Groneberg
David A
DA
D000818:Animals; D016084:Bronchoconstriction; D003371:Cough / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C494484:TRPV1 receptor