title: Comparison of the antibacterial activity of different self-etching primers and adhesives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of different one-step and two-step self-etching primer/adhesives on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Lactobacillus casei (L. casei), and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus).
  
  
  METHODS
  The antibacterial effects of Clearfil Protect Bond Primer and Bonding agent; AdheSE Primer and Bonding agent; Adper Prompt L-Pop; Futurabond NR; Clearfil Tri S Bond; and Cervitec (positive control, 1% chlorhexidine varnish) were tested against standard strains of S. mutans, L. Casei, and L. acidophilus using the disk diffusion method. Standard filter paper disks (n=5) impregnated with 20 microL of each material were prepared. After incubation at 37 masculineC for 48 hours in a 5-10% CO2 atmosphere, the diameter of inhibition zones were measured in millimeters. Data were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Duncan's Multiple Range Test was used for pairwise comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The size of inhibition zones produced by primer/adhesives varied among the brands. AdheSE Primer: S. mutans (20.6+/-1.51); L. casei (14.8+/-1.78); L. acidophilus (11.4+/-0.54). Adper Prompt L-Pop: S. mutans (19.6+/-1.51); L. casei (13.8+/-1.64); L. acidophilus (13.8+/-1.09). Cervitec: S. mutans (23+/-0.00); L. casei (27+/-0.70); L. acidophilus (22.4+/-0.54). Clearfil Protect Bond Primer: S. mutans (17+/-0.00); L. casei (17.6+/-0.54); L. acidophilus (22.4+/-0.54). Futurabond NR was found effective only against S. mutans (14.6+/-1.67). Of all the materials tested, AdheSE Bonding agent, Clearfil Protect Bond Bonding agent, and Clearfil Tri S Bond exhibited no inhibition zone (-) for all bacteria tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the adhesives tested Clearafil Protect Bond Primer based upon monomer methacryloyloxydodecylpyridiniium bromide (MDPB) was found to be the most potent material against L. acidophilus and L. casei. AdheSE Primer and Adper Prompt L-Pop are highly effective against S. mutans.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with other adhesive systems, Clearfil Protect Bond Primer (containing MDPB) showed a high antibacterial effect against all microorganizms tested. Two-step, self-etching primer/adhesive system Clearfil Protect Bond might be a suitable choice under minimally invasive restorations. The recently developed one-step, self-etching system Clearfil Tri S Bond showed no antibacterial effect against microorgazims tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. yoncako@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Yonca
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozalp
authors.forename: Nuray
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Attar
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000269:Adhesives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D019279:Resin Cements