title: Multicenter prospective randomized, double-blind comparative study between lanthanum carbonate and calcium carbonate as phosphate binders in Japanese hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of lanthanum carbonate as a phosphate binder for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia has been reported, but not from a double-blind, comparator-controlled comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The safety and efficacy of lanthanum carbonate and calcium carbonate on serum phosphate and calcium levels in Japanese hemodialysis patients were assessed by a randomized, double-blind, comparator-controlled, parallel group, multicenter study. This study is the first study using a randomized, double-blind method to compare lanthanum carbonate and calcium carbonate as phosphate binders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the double-blind phase, the changes in the serum phosphate level were similar in the lanthanum carbonate and calcium carbonate groups. The differences in the corrected serum calcium level or the calcium x phosphate products between the 2 groups were not statistically significant. However, the mean change in the corrected serum calcium level from baseline to the last outpatient visit was significantly lower in the lanthanum carbonate group than in the calcium carbonate group. The incidence of hypercalcemia in the lanthanum carbonate group was also significantly lower than in the calcium carbonate group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both compounds show similar efficacy on the serum phosphate level in patients undergoing hemodialysis when the dose is managed in a dose-variable and double-blind manner. However, lanthanum carbonate is superior in terms of lowering the incidence of hypercalcemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Blood Purification Medicine, Department of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, School of Medicine, Wakayama City, Japan. taki@wakayama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shigematsu
mesh_terms: D000863:Antacids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D054559:Hyperphosphatemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007564:Japan; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000863:Antacids; D010710:Phosphates; C119467:lanthanum carbonate; D007811:Lanthanum; D002119:Calcium Carbonate