title: Relationship between severity of sleep-disordered breathing and craniofacial morphology in Japanese male patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess the influence of factors of obesity and craniofacial morphology on the degree of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in Japanese individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 138 adult male patients who visited the Clinic for Snoring & Obstructive Sleep Apnea at Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital with chief complaints of snoring and apnea. Standardized lateral cephalograms were taken at the first visit, and overnight polysomnography was carried out for evaluation of each subject before treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate factors affecting the severity of OSAS. These analyses showed that obesity, skeletal conditions such as short mandibular body and mandibular retreat, size of the tongue and position of the hyoid bone, and shape of the airway were associated with the severity of OSAS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Japanese male OSAS patients, skeletal abnormalities are thought to be the factors that most greatly affect severity of OSAS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Course for Oral Life Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Keishi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.forename: Tadaharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002508:Cephalometry; D006801:Humans; D006928:Hyoid Bone / Q000473:pathology; D007564:Japan; D016015:Logistic Models; D008260:Macroglossia / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008844:Micrognathism / Q000150:complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000473:pathology; D010614:Pharynx / Q000473:pathology; D017286:Polysomnography; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000150:complications; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D012913:Snoring / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult