title: Short- and long-term prognosis among veterans with neurological disorders and subsequent lower-extremity amputation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although comorbid neurological conditions are not uncommon for individuals undergoing lower-extremity (LE) amputation, short- and long-term prognosis is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cohort study on the survival of United States veterans with LE amputations examined the association between different preexisting neurological conditions and short- and long-term (in-hospital and within 1-year of surgical amputation) mortality. Chi(2) and t test statistics compared baseline characteristics for patients with and without neurological disorders. Multiple logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine short- and long-term survival and identify predictors limited to the subset of those with neurological conditions adjusting for age, amputation level and etiology, and co-morbidities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 4,720 patients, 43.3% had neurological disorders documented. Most prevalent were stroke or hemiparesis (18.3%) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) disorders (20.3%). Among patients with neurological conditions, those with a PNS disorder or spinal cord injury (or paralysis) were significantly less likely to die in hospital and within 1 year (p < 0.05) when compared to the other types of neurological condition groups including stroke (or hemiparesis), cerebral degenerative diseases, movement disorders and autonomic disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of preexisting neurological disorders among LE amputees and the varying effect of different conditions on risk of mortality highlights the need to further characterize the diverseness of this understudied subpopulation. While preexisting spinal cord injury and PNS disorders appear to carry a decreased risk among amputees, those with central nervous system disorders have comparatively greater mortalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. janetpr@nursing.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Janet A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Prvu-Bettger
authors.forename: Barbara E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Douglas E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Bidelspach
authors.forename: Margaret G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Stineman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000671:Amputation, Surgical / Q000639:trends*; D000674:Amputees; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans