title: Quality management and patient safety: survey results from 102 Hungarian hospitals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to describe the development of quality management systems in Hungarian hospitals. It also aims to answer the policy question, whether a separate patient safety policy should be created additional to quality policies, on national as well as hospital level.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2005, a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the existing quality management systems in all Hungarian hospitals. The relationship between the level of the development of quality management systems, the certification status and the current level of patient safety activities was investigated using linear regression. Quality was measured with the quality management system development score (QMSDS), and patient safety by the number of patient safety activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  102 of 134 (76%) of the hospitals have returned the questionnaire. The average hospital has 24.5 of 35 core quality activities, and 4 of 11 patient safety activities. There is a statistically significant but weak relationship between the QMSDS and the number of patient safety activities, explaining 12% of the latter's variance. Certification (International Standards Organisation (ISO) and professional standard based) is not significantly related to patient safety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study quality by QMSDS is weakly related; however, certification is not significantly related to patient safety. We conclude that separate patient safety policies seem worthwhile to be created for the hospital sector in addition to the ongoing quality improvement efforts in Hungary.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University of Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands. p.makai@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Makai
authors.forename: Niek
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Klazinga
authors.forename: Cordula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Boncz
authors.forename: Lászlo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gulacsi
mesh_terms: D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006761:Hospitals / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D016134:Organizational Policy; D017751:Safety Management; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017749:Total Quality Management / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*