Gluten binds cytotoxic compounds generated in heated frying oil.
Male Wistar rats, age 10 weeks, were fed for 11 weeks a commercial powdered diet (no fat) containing 7 wt% fresh frying oil and 0.1 wt% gluten heated in oil at 180 degrees C for 10 h followed by filtration. The animals appeared to grow normally and had the same serum levels of glucose, triacylglycerol, phospholipids, and cholesterol as those of a control group fed a diet containing 7 wt% fresh oil. However, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were significantly higher in the test group, and many dark-red patches due to bleeding were observed on the livers of this group. In contrast, rats fed for 11 weeks a diet containing 7 wt% of oil obtained by filtration after the heating described above did not show any damage to the liver or kidneys and showed no gross symptoms. Rats fed a diet containing 7 wt% fresh frying oil and 0.1 wt% gluten heated in a tube at 180 degrees C for 10 h did not show any differences from the control group. Analyses of low-molecular-weight compounds in the filtered oil revealed that gluten obviously reduced the level of all the low-molecular-weight compounds (except ethanol) of the oil heated at 180 degrees C for 10 h. Thus, it was suggested that gluten reacted with/adsorbed thermally oxidized oil/decomposition products and kept the cytotoxic low-molecular-weight compounds in the chemical structure even after filtration.
Totani
Nagao
N
Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe-Gakuin University, Kobe, Japan. totani@nutr.kobegakuin.ac.jp
Burenjargal
Munkhjargal
M
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005374:Filtration; D005511:Food Handling; D005526:Food, Formulated; D005983:Glutens / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012015:Reference Standards; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D001786:Blood Glucose; D003603:Cytotoxins; D009821:Oils; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D005983:Glutens; D002784:Cholesterol; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase