title: Adipokines and insulin resistance.
abstract: Obesity is associated with an array of health problems in adult and pediatric populations. Understanding the pathogenesis of obesity and its metabolic sequelae has advanced rapidly over the past decades. Adipose tissue represents an active endocrine organ that, in addition to regulating fat mass and nutrient homeostasis, releases a large number of bioactive mediators (adipokines) that signal to organs of metabolic importance including brain, liver, skeletal muscle, and the immune system--thereby modulating hemostasis, blood pressure, lipid and glucose metabolism, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. In the present review, we summarize current data on the effect of the adipose tissue-derived hormones adiponectin, chemerin, leptin, omentin, resistin, retinol binding protein 4, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, vaspin, and visfatin on insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rabe
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehrke
authors.forename: Klaus G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Parhofer
authors.forename: Uli C
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Broedl
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D052243:Resistin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase