title: Stabilization of mitochondrial and microsomal function by polysaccharide of Ulva lactuca on D-Galactosamine induced hepatitis in rats.
abstract: In this study we used liver mitochondrial and microsomal fraction from rats pretreated with seaweed Ulva lactuca polysaccharide extract (ULP - 200mg/kg body weight, daily for 21 days, oral gavage) on D-Galactosamine (500mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) challenge. Effectiveness of ULP was determined based on functional status of trichloro acetic acid (TCA), urea cycle, and microsomal enzymes. The composition of sulfate polysaccharide content such as total sugars, sulfate and uronic acid were examined. In addition the fine ultra structural changes were examined using electron microscopy (EM). We observed significant (p<0.001) mitochondrial and microsomal abnormalities during liver damage by D-Galactosamine, consequently altering enzymes of energy metabolism. Electron microscopy of D-Galactosamine intoxicated rat liver tissue revealed the swelling and loss of mitochondrial cristae. Conversely the rats pretreated with ULP against D-Galactosamine challenge prevented (p<0.05) the significant abnormality of TCA, microsomal enzymes and severity of mitochondria as observed in EM study in rats injected with D-Galactosamine alone. However no effective prevention was observed in urea cycle enzymes among D-Galactosamine and treatment group rats. These results showed the effectiveness of ULP in stabilizing the functional status of mitochondrial and microsomal membrane which might be due to the presence of sulfated polysaccharide that could prevented the oxidative stress induced by D-Galactosamine intoxication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 25, India. devakit@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Thiruvengadam
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Devaki
authors.forename: Arumugam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sathivel
authors.forename: Hanumantha Rao
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: BalajiRaghavendran
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005688:Galactosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D044445:Ulva / Q000737:chemistry*; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid; D005688:Galactosamine; D014508:Urea