title: Cerebrospinal IL-10 concentration is elevated in non-survivors as compared to survivors after severe traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The intrathecal posttraumatic inflammation contributes to secondary brain damage as well as to the induction of neuroreparative mechanisms. In this context release of interleukin-10 (IL-10) has been reported to play a major role. However, initial IL-10 concentration in CSF remains incompletely characterized. Therefore, the aim was to analyze Il-10 in CSF and serum of patients early after TBI.
  
  
  METHODS
  For control, 10 volunteers receiving spinal puncture were enrolled. In patients with severe TBI (GCS<8 pts.), CSF and serum was drawn within 90+/-45 min after intraventricular catheter insertion (0 h), as well as 12 h, 24 h and 48 h after TBI. Albumin for assessing Blood-Brain-Barrier (BBB) function and IL-10 (IMMULITE, DPC Biermann, Bad Nauheim, Germany) were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  23 patients were enrolled. 15 survived and 8 deceased within 24h. In controls, CSF IL-10 was below detection limit (<5 pg/ml). In contrast, IL-10 was elevated significantly in non-survivors at 0 h vs. survivors and controls (30+/-6 vs. 9+/-1 vs. <5 pg/mL). This was accompanied by a significant increase of serum IL-10 in both groups at 0 h vs. controls (survivors: 30+/-6 pg/mL, non-survivors: 48+/-8 pg/mL, controls: 10+/-7 pg/mL, p<0.001). Survivors revealed signs of a mild BBB dysfunction during the entire observation period. In contrast, non-survivors presented a severe BBB breakage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated an analysis of IL-10 CSF and serum concentration after TBI. These data support an intrathecal IL-10 synthesis. Although the significant increase of IL-10 might indicate a bad outcome of TBI, responsible mechanisms still have to be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Sportorthopädie, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Conollystrasse 32, 80809 München, Germany. Chlodwig.Kirchhoff@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kirchhoff
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buhmann
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bogner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stegmaier
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Leidel
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Braunstein
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mutschler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Biberthaler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D016753:Interleukin-10