Neuroprotectin D1 inhibits retinal ganglion cell death following axotomy.
Neuroprotectin D1 (NPD1), a docosahexaenoic acid-derived autacoid, is an endogenous neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory mediator that is generated in the retina and brain. The effects of exogenous NPD1 on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis and the role of 12/15-lipoxygenase (Alox15) in retina were evaluated after optic nerve transection (ONT). Treatment with NPD1 was associated with significant protection against RGC death. The percentage of RGC survival in NPD1-treated group was 30% at 2 weeks after ONT as compared with 12% of RGC survival in the ONT group without treatment. Endogenous NPD1 was a predominant lipid autocoid in uninjured and axotomized retinas. Alox15 mRNA expression was upregulated in retinas following ONT suggesting that amplification of 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) may represent a neuroprotective response in the rat retina. The density of RGCs was higher in the normal retina of 12/15-LOX-deficient mice as compared with congenic controls. Hence, the resident NPD1 has a potential role in the physiological and pathophysiological responses of the retina.
Qin
Qiong
Q
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy and Ophthalmology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Patil
Kiran A
KA
Gronert
Karsten
K
Sharma
Sansar C
SC
D000818:Animals; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics; D019771:Axotomy; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors
C487679:protectin D1; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase