[New therapies for diabetes: beyond injectable insulin and oral antidiabetics].
New medicines for the therapy of the type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been incorporated in the list of traditional drugs: oral agents and injectable insulin. These treatment alternatives have a new mechanism of action that takes advantage of the antidiabetic properties of certain peptides such as amylin and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), whose levels are wanting or insufficient in diabetes. This is attained through amylin and GLP-1 analogues, although it can also be achieved by inhibiting the enzyme that degrades the latter. Furthermore, a new system to administer insulin in a noninvasive way through inhalation has become available in the market. This paper summarizes the most important and updated findings on the action mechanism, efficacy, adverse effects and indications of these innovative drugs.
Alfonso
John Edwin Feliciano
JE
División de Lípidos y Diabetes, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. jefelicianoa@yahoo.com
Ariza
Iván Darío Sierra
ID
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000682:Amyloid / Q000819:agonists; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide
D000682:Amyloid; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1