title: On-line flow injection-cloud point preconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: Cloud point methodology has been used to develop a novel preconcentration and an analytical method for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil sample. The nonionic surfactant Tergitol 15-S-7 was successfully used as the surfactant-mediated extractant in both ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extractions. Over 90% of recoveries for various PAHs in soil were obtained under the optimal experimental conditions. The extracts were then preconcentrated and analyzed by our proposed on-line coupling method "flow injection-cloud point preconcentration-high-performance liquid chromatography" (FI-CPP-HPLC) equipped with a fluorescence detector and an excitation/emission wavelength program. The preconcentration system and optimal working conditions were established. The limit of detection of the FI-CPE-HPLC system ranges from 0.101 to 0.456 microg/L for the selected PAHs, i.e., phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo[k]fluoranthene and benzo[a]pyrene. Our proposed technique provides a reliable, simple and automatic analytical method for the determination of PAHs in environmental soil samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, 224 Waterloo Road, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
authors.forename: Cheuk Fai
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jonathan W C
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Carmen W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Huie
authors.forename: Martin M F
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000645:Ammonium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000645:Ammonium Sulfate