title: Periodontal disease and heart disease: are they related?
abstract: This article reviews the literature (with an emphasis on articles published from 2005-2008) regarding a possible association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. Both clinical studies and review papers were included. A number of studies continue to demonstrate such an association; however, none of the studies to date have shown a cause-and-effect relationship between the diseases. Based on the findings of this literature review, dentists still should apply the recommendations made by the American Heart Association in its 2004 statement.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota, Minseapolis, USA.
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Little
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D009909:Oral Health; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications