title: Effect of Ramadan fasting on markers of oxidative stress and serum biochemical markers of cellular damage in healthy subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ramadan is a holy month for Muslims during which they abstain from eating, drinking and smoking from dawn to sunset. This makes Ramadan a unique model for studying the effects of altered meal patterns in humans. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Ramadan fasting on markers of oxidative stress and serum biochemical markers of cellular damage in healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen healthy volunteers (9 men and 5 women aged 25-58 years) who fasted during Ramadan participated in the study. Blood sampling was conducted 2 days before Ramadan and on days 14 and 28 of Ramadan. The following were measured: (1) in serum, malondialdehyde (MDA), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, total proteins, uric acid, albumin, glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol; (2) in plasma, protein-bound carbonyls, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, retinol, vitamin C and carotenoids, and (3) in erythrocytes, MDA, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase and catalase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Erythrocyte MDA, serum glucose and triglycerides and plasma total carotenoids were significantly lower (p<0.05) on day 28 of Ramadan compared to before Ramadan. The rest of the variables were not significantly altered by Ramadan fasting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained indicate that with the exception of a slight reduction in lipid peroxidative damage in erythrocytes, Ramadan fasting does not alter oxidative stress parameters or biochemical markers of cellular damage in healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health, College of Food and Agriculture, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates. wibrahim@uaeu.ac.ae
authors.forename: Wissam H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Hosam M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Habib
authors.forename: Amjad H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Jarrar
authors.forename: Samer A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Al Baz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002338:Carotenoids; D008315:Malondialdehyde