title: The dimethylthiourea-induced attenuation of cisplatin nephrotoxicity is associated with the augmented induction of heat shock proteins.
abstract: Dimethylthiourea (DMTU), a potent hydroxyl radical scavenger, affords protection against cisplatin (CDDP)-induced acute renal failure (ARF). Since the suppression of oxidative stress and the enhancement of heat shock proteins (HSPs) are both reported to protect against CDDP-induced renal damage, we tested whether increased HSP expression is involved in the underlying mechanisms of the DMTU-induced renal protection. We examined the effect of DMTU treatment on the expression of HSPs in the kidney until day 5 following a single injection of CDDP (5 mg/kg BW). DMTU significantly inhibited the CDDP-induced increments of serum creatinine, the number of 8-hydroxyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)- and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labeling (TUNEL)-positive tubular cells, and tubular damage score (p<0.05). CDDP significantly increased renal abundances of HO-1, HSP60, HSP72 and HSP90 at days 1, 3, and 5. DMTU significantly augmented only the expression of HSP60 expression mainly in the cytoplasm of the proximal tubular cells at days 1 and 3 in CDDP-induced ARF. DMTU also inhibited the CDDP-induced increment of Bax, a pro-apoptotic protein, in the fraction of organelles/membranes at day 3. The findings suggest that DMTU may afford protection against CDDP-induced ARF, partially through the early induction of cytoplasmic HSP60, thereby preventing the Bax-mediated apoptosis in renal tubular cells.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan. tsu@hama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyaji
authors.forename: Jinghui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Yukitoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakao
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujigaki
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hishida
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013890:Thiourea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C038983:1,3-dimethylthiourea; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D013890:Thiourea; D002945:Cisplatin