title: The toxicity of soil samples containing TNT and other ammunition derived compounds in the enchytraeid and collembola-biotest.
abstract: The effect of ammunition-like compounds and armament waste on the mortality and reproduction of terrestrial invertebrates was assayed by using two biotests: the enchytraeid-biotest with Enchytraeus crypticus and the collembola-biotest with Folsomia Candida. Toxicity was investigated by using standard soil (Lufa 2.2) spiked with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-l,3,5-trinitro-l,3,5-triazine (hexogen, RDX), octahydro-l,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7-tetrazocine (octogen, HMX) and 2,4,6-triaminotoluene (TAT). Ecotoxicity was investigated with ammunition-contaminated soil material from the former ammunition plant "Tanne" at Clausthal-Zellerfeld (CTNTla) and the Brandplatz (incineration site) in Torgau-Elsnig (TETNT1a), Germany. TNT increased mortality and reduced reproduction of both test organisms corresponding to the concentrations used, whereas hexogen, octogen and TAT had no effect in the tested concentrations (1000-2000 mg/kg). From the two soil materials, TETNT1a was much more toxic than CTNT1a. The LC50(7d) in the enchytraeid-biotest was 570 mg TNT/kg and the EC50(28d) 369 mg TNT/kg soil material (dw). In the collembola-biotest the LC50(7d) was 185 mg TNT/kg and the EC50(28d) 110 mg TNT/kg soil matter (dw).
authors.affiliation: Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Okotoxikologie & Biochemie, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Achazi