title: Contegra conduit for reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract: a review of published early and mid-time results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The valved conduit Contegra (bovine jugular vein) has being implanted for more than 7 years in the right ventricular outflow tract and it is noted that the available reports have been mixed. The aim of this study is to review the reported evidence in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Search of the relevant literature for the primary endpoints of operative mortality and morbidity and secondary endpoints of follow-up haemodynamic performance including severe stenosis, regurgitation and need for reintervention are presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We selected and analysed 17 series including 767 patients. Commonest indication was Fallot's tetralogy. Operative mortality was 2.6%. Operative morbidity was 13.9%. In follow-up, the incidence of intraconduit stenosis was 10.9% (incidence of stenosis for the 12 millimetre conduit was 83.3% in one series) and that of at least moderate regurgitation was 6.3%.The aspirin users had a stenosis incidence of 10.5% compared to the non-users had a stenosis incidence of 9.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A dissent on the performance of the Contegra is discussed, while results are satisfactory in the majority of studies apart for the smallest conduits (12 and 14 millimetre), suggesting an association to compromised run-off. The role of aspirin as antithrombotic modulator remains controversial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Imperial College London, St, Mary's Hospital, London, UK. aristotelis.protopapas02@imperial.ac.uk
authors.forename: Aristotle D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Protopapas
authors.forename: Thanos
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Athanasiou
mesh_terms: D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000601:surgery*; D014694:Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D001241:Aspirin