title: Life-threatening toxicities in a patient with UGT1A1*6/*28 and SLCO1B1*15/*15 genotypes after irinotecan-based chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To explore severe toxicities induced by irinotecan-based chemotherapy and UGT1A1*6/*28 and SLCO1B1*15/*15 genotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 66-year-old Japanese male diagnosed with left pharyngeal carcinoma (T2N2bM0, stage IVA) was treated with irinotecan (70 mg/m(2)) on days 1, 8 and 15 in combination with docetaxel (60 mg/m(2)) on day 1 of a 28-day cycle. After the first cycle, he suffered marked toxicities, including grade 4 diarrhea and febrile grade 4 neutropenia. Plasma concentrations of irinotecan, SN-38 and SN-38G were measured, and extensive accumulation of SN-38 was observed. Genotyping of UGT1A1 and OATP1B1 proteins showed UGT1A1*6/*28 and SLCO1B1*15/*15, respectively, which are known to lead to extremely low glucuronidation and transport activities of substrate drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The severe toxicities in this patient are attributable to the extensive accumulation of SN-38, which may result from a synergistic or additive effect of low metabolic (UGT1A1*6/*28) and transport (SLCO1B1*15/*15) capabilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takane
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moriki
authors.forename: Kazuyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moriki
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Otsubo
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ieiri
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005838:Genotype; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D027381:Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1; D008297:Male; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters / Q000235:genetics*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D002166:Camptothecin; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D000077146:Irinotecan; D027381:Liver-Specific Organic Anion Transporter 1; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme; C503999:SLCO1B1 protein, human