title: Appreciation of osteoporosis among men with hyperparathyroidism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the scope of bone disease among men referred for parathyroidectomy and to document bone density screening trends in this high-risk population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data were analyzed from a prospectively maintained database of 1000 patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism at the Cleveland Clinic between 2000 and 2006. Information collected included demographics, reason for referral, body mass index, intraoperative findings, preoperative and postoperative laboratory values (serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 24-hour urinary calcium excretion), and preoperative and postoperative dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1000 patients, 243 (24%) were men. As with women, bone health-related issues were the most common reason for referral (32%). In 2000, only 12% of men had preoperative DXA scans; this rose to 42% by 2005. The frequency of prereferral DXA screening increased throughout the study, but even by 2006, referring physicians did not screen most of their male patients. In 2000, the prevalence of bone disease (osteoporosis or osteopenia) in men was 8%, but with improved screening, this increased to 26%, approaching the 34% rate in women. Preoperative and postoperative levels of calcium, parathyroid hormone, phosphorus, 24-hour urinary calcium, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were the same among men with and without bone disease. Analysis of postoperative DXA scans revealed that gains in postparathyroidectomy bone density were significantly greater in men than in women at all anatomic testing sites. In men, lowest T scores improved by a mean +/- SEM of +0.35 +/- 0.09 compared with +0.098 +/- 0.035 in women (P = .009). Men were 4 times less likely than women to have continued bone loss after parathyroidectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical and laboratory parameters cannot identify men with hyperparathyroidism who have bone loss, illustrating the need for routine DXA screening. Despite this, DXA remains underused. Improved screening practices will favorably effect men's health.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Endocrine Surgery Section, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Naveen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ballem
authors.forename: Andrew B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Rikesh T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Parikh
authors.forename: Eren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Berber
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siperstein
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milas
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D; D002118:Calcium