title: Attenuation of porcine circovirus 2 in SPF piglets by abrogation of ORF3 function.
abstract: Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), open reading frame 3 (ORF3) codes a 105 amino acid protein that causes apoptosis of PCV2 infected cells. In infected cells, the ORF3 causes the accumulation of p53 by interacting with pPirh2 and possibly by disrupting the association of p53 and pPirh2 (J.Virol.81(2007)9560). Mutant PCV2 lacking the expression of ORF3 are infectious and replicate in cells in vitro, but do not cause apoptosis of the infected cells. The ORF3 of PCV2 has been shown to be involved in pathogenesis of the virus in mice model (J. Virol. 80(2006)5065). Here we report the experimental inoculation of ORF3 deficient PCV2 in its natural host, the piglets. The pathogenicity of the ORF3 deficient virus is attenuated in the piglets. The mutant virus did not cause any observable disease or perturbation of the lymphocyte count in the inoculated piglets and elicited an efficient immune response. When compared with the wildtype virus infection, the mutant virus infection was characterized by mild viremia and absence of pathological lesions. The findings highlight the role of ORF3 in the pathogenesis of PCV2 infection in its host.
authors.affiliation: Animal Health Biotechnology Group, Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, The National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Anbu K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Karuppannan
authors.forename: Ming Hwa
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Jong
authors.forename: Shu-Hwae
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Madhan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Selvaraj
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D018173:Circoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D017925:Circovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014766:Viremia; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors