title: Development of modified vaccinia Ankara-5T4 as specific immunotherapy for advanced human cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The tumor-associated antigen 5T4 is expressed on a high percentage of human carcinomas and has limited expression in normal tissues. A recombinant pox virus vector expressing this antigen, modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA)-5T4, has been tested as a cancer vaccine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Treatment with MVA-5T4 has been studied both as a single agent and in combination with standard chemo-, biologic- or targeted-therapies in patients with advanced colorectal cancer, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review summarizes data from clinical studies with MVA-5T4 reported in published manuscripts, meeting abstracts or posted on websites relevant to clinical trials or MVA-5T4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vaccination with MVA-5T4 is well tolerated and elicits 5T4-specific humoral and/or cellular responses in most of the treated patients. Retrospective analyses of Phase II studies have suggested a positive association between immune responses to 5T4 and favorable clinical outcomes. A continuing Phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial seeks to confirm a positive association between vaccination with MVA-5T4 and survival in patients with advanced RCC.
authors.affiliation: Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, 825 Eastlake Avenue East, Mailstop G4-830, Seattle, WA 98109-1023, USA.
authors.forename: Scott S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Tykodi
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000917:Antibody Formation; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; C504058:TroVax; D019444:Vaccines, DNA