title: Propionyl-L-carnitine prevents early graft dysfunction in allogeneic rat kidney transplantation.
abstract: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is an important cause of graft failure. Because carnitine regulates substrate flux and energy balance across membranes which may be deranged in ischemia we determined whether its use was effective in preventing kidney injury in an allogeneic transplant model. Brown Norway rats received a Lewis rat kidney transplant and were then treated with cyclosporine A to avoid rejection. The grafts were stored in Belzer solution supplemented with propionyl-L-carnitine during the cold ischemia period. Compared to rats receiving untreated kidneys but with equal cold ischemia times, the post-transplant serum creatinine values of the carnitine-treated transplants were significantly lower. Histological evaluation 16 h after transplant showed that propionyl-L-carnitine significantly inhibited tubular necrosis and neutrophil infiltration of the allografts and improved the 3 month graft survival. Treated transplants also had decreased lipid peroxidation, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and protein nitration compared to the untreated grafts. Post-transplant serum creatinine levels were significantly reduced and graft survival was slightly prolonged in rats not receiving cyclosporine A treatment and transplanted with a kidney treated with propionyl-L-carnitine. The efficacy of propionyl-L-carnitine to modulate ischemia-reperfusion injury during transplantation suggests that its use in human transplantation is worth testing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Organ Transplantation, Ospedali Riuniti-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy.
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azzollini
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cugini
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cassis
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pezzotta
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gagliardini
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abbate
authors.forename: Arduino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arduini
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peschechera
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Remuzzi
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002331:Carnitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D007673:Kidney Cortex Necrosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D015427:Reperfusion Injury; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D020011:Protective Agents; C003223:propionylcarnitine; D016572:Cyclosporine; D002331:Carnitine