title: Spatial three-player prisoners' dilemma.
abstract: This paper extends traditional two-player prisoners' dilemma (PD) to three-player PD. We have studied spatial patterns of cooperation behaviors, growth patterns of cooperator clusters and defector clusters, and cooperation frequency of the players. It is found while three-player PD exhibits many properties similar to two-player PD, some new features arise. Specifically, (i) a new region appears, in which neither a 3x3 cooperator cluster nor a 3x3 defector cluster could grow; (ii) more growth patterns of cooperator clusters and defector clusters are identified; (iii) multiple cooperation frequencies exist in the region that exhibits dynamic chaos. Some theoretical analysis of these features is presented.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Mao-Bin
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Yong-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qing-Song
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Wu