title: Estrogen stimulates the human endometrium to express a factor(s) that promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration as an early step in microvessel remodeling.
abstract: Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration is a pivotal early step in blood vessel remodeling; however, very little is known about the regulation of this process in the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle. In this study, explants of human endometrium were incubated with estradiol and/or progesterone and the conditioned medium (CM) applied to cultures of VSMC to test the hypothesis that estrogen and progesterone stimulate endometrial cells to secrete a factor(s) that promotes VSMC migration. Endometrial explants were composed of highly organized glands and stroma. VSMC migration (cells migrated in 21 h/mm(2) fibronectin-coated semipermeable membrane) in the presence of CM from human endometrial explants obtained in the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle and incubated for 24 h with estradiol was approximately threefold greater (P < 0.001) than with medium alone and greater (P < 0.05) than with CM from explants treated with estradiol plus progesterone or progesterone. It is concluded, therefore, that estrogen stimulates endometrial secretion of a factor(s) that promotes VSMC migration as an early step in vessel remodeling within the endometrium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Bressler Research Laboratories, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffery S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Babischkin
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Bonagura
authors.forename: Laurence C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Udoff
authors.forename: Christine O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Vergara
authors.forename: Harry W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Robert O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Atlas
authors.forename: Gerald J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Pepe
authors.forename: Eugene D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Albrecht
mesh_terms: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005498:Follicular Phase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D055806:Microvessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C467630:ANGPT1 protein, human; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004958:Estradiol