title: Antiangiogenic effect of capecitabine combined with ginsenoside Rg3 on breast cancer in mice.
abstract: Capecitabine is a novel fluoropyrimidine carbamate, which has a broader spectrum of antitumor activity than other fluoropyrimidines, such as 5-FU, DFUR, or UFT; it has proved effective over a wide dose range. Recent research has suggested that frequent administration of lower doses of certain chemotherapeutic drugs might enhance their antiangiogenic effect. The present study investigated the antiangiogenic effect of capecitabine on breast cancer. In order to augment its efficacy, we combined capecitabine chemotherapy with ginsenoside Rg3. Our results indicate that a metronomic regimen of capecitabine inhibited angiogenesis in breast cancer, and its antiangiogenic effects may be further enhanced by the concurrent administration of ginsenoside Rg3. As an antiangiogenic method, this regimen presented better antitumor effects, less toxicity, and reduced susceptibility to drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Qingyuan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xinmei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Baofeng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jingxuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069287:Capecitabine; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D036145:Ginsenosides; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D003841:Deoxycytidine; C097367:ginsenoside Rg3; D000069287:Capecitabine; D005472:Fluorouracil