title: Options for upper lip reconstruction: a survey-based analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical factors such as size and location, but also surgeon experience and comfort level, may influence decisions in reconstructive methods.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To survey a select group of surgeons for their reconstructive choices for a moderate-sized upper lip defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surveys were mailed to 313 facial plastic surgeons. Survey recipients were asked to rank reconstructive preferences for a specific upper lip defect. Response choices were correlated to predictor variables such as surgeon experience and comfort level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survey response was 45.6%. Cheek advancement flap was the first choice in 34.4%, followed by Abbé flap (31.2%), myocutaneous rotation flap (20.5%), and nasolabial flap (13.9%), with the nasolabial flap being statistically the least popular (p<.01). For surgeons with more than 20 years' experience and those with less than 10 years' experience, the Abbé flap was the most common first choice (38.9% and 32.4%, respectively). For surgeons with 11 to 20 years experience, the cheek advancement flap was the most common first choice (46.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A poll of a select group of surgeons demonstrated variability in their choice of upper lip reconstruction options, although the nasolabial flap was found to be the least-chosen option. Trends in choices based upon experience and comfort level were demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology & Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Yinghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013518:Surgery, Plastic; D013524:Surgical Flaps