title: Compound K suppresses ultraviolet radiation-induced apoptosis by inducing DNA repair in human keratinocytes.
abstract: Ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage is a crucial molecular trigger for sunburn cell formation and skin cancer. Nucleotide excision repair (NER) is the main mechanism in repairing UVB-induced DNA damage of mammalian cells. The purpose of this study is to investigate the functional role of ginsenoside compound K on HaCaT cells (a keratinocyte-derived permanent cell line) irradiated by UV. Hoechst 33258 staining were performed in analyzing UV-induced apoptosis on keratinocytes which were treated with compound K. ImmunoDotBlot assay was used in detecting cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, the main DNA damage. Western blot analysis was applied for analyzing XPC and ERCC1, two of the NER proteins. Compound K inhibited UV-induced apoptosis of keratinocytes and caused a notable reduction in UV-specific DNA lesions which was due to induction of DNA repair. In agreement with this, compound K induced the expression of particular components of the NER complex, such as XPC and ERCC1. Our results demonstrate that compound K can protect cells from apoptosis induced by UV radiation by inducing DNA repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Bao-Xiang
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xiang-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000378:metabolism; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014983:Xeroderma Pigmentosum / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003503:Cyclobutanes; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004720:Endonucleases; D036145:Ginsenosides; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; C112772:ginsenoside compound K; C071447:ERCC1 protein, human