title: Mild cognitive impairment and objective instrumental everyday functioning: the everyday cognition battery memory test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the performance subjects with and without mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on an objective measure of everyday or real-world memory and subjective items assessing competency within the same instrumental domains; to determine whether the Everyday Cognition Battery (ECB) can uniquely predict MCI status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Independent-living sample of urban dwelling elders in Baltimore Maryland.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 555 subjects ranging in age from 50 to 95 (mean 68.8 +/- 9.6).
  
  
  METHODS
  Objective performance in three instrumental domains (medication use, financial management, nutrition and food preparation) was assessed using the ECB Memory Test. Subjective performance within the same instrumental domains was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference was found between elderly subjects with and without MCI on the subjective items of instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) competency. A significant multivariate effect for cognitive status group (F(3, 507)=21.88, P<.05, eta(2)=.12) was observed for the objective measure, with participants with MCI performing, on average, significantly worse than those without on all thee instrumental domain subscales. The medicine use (odds ratio (OR)=0.96, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.94-0.99) and financial management (OR=0.93, 95% CI=0.91-0.96) subscales of the ECB Memory Test were unique and significant predictors of MCI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study adds to the growing body of literature suggesting that cognitively complex IADLs might be compromised in elderly people with MCI. Moreover, the ECB Memory Test might be a clinically useful tool in evaluating real-world competency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7801, USA. Jason_Allaire@ncsu.edu
authors.forename: Jason C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Allaire
authors.forename: Alyssa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gamaldo
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ayotte
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sims
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Whitfield
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015142:Baltimore; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D014505:Urban Population