title: Apoptotic study in Graves disease treated with thyroid arterial embolization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate apoptosis in the thyroid of Graves disease (GD) induced by thyroid arterial embolization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty one patients with clinically and laboratorily ascertained GD were treated with thyroid arterial embolization and followed up for 3-54 months following embolization. Prior to embolization and at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 36 months following embolization, thyroid autoimmunue antibodies were tested respectively, including thyroid stimulating antibody (TSAb), thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) and thyroid microsomal antibody (TMAb). Thyroid biopsy was performed under the guidance of computed tomography for immunohistochemistry examination using semi-quantity analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive staining of Fas and FasL was mostly in the cytoplasma and cell membrane, the positive expression of Bax was mainly in the cytoplasma, and no positive expression of P53 was detected in the thyroid cells before embolization. After arterial embolziation, the positive cell number and staining degree of these genes were both greater than before embolization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment method of thyroid arterial embolization can effectively enhance the positive expression of pro-apoptotic genes of Fas, FasL, Bax, Bcl-2 and P53 in GD thyroid, thus promoting apoptosis of GD thyroid and helping restore the thyroid size and function to normal conditions.
authors.affiliation: Medical Imaging Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical College, Kunmin, Yunnan Province, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Bu Lang
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Gen Fa
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Cang Zheng
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Hui Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Li Juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Yong Zhong
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dian Ping
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology*; D001158:Arteries; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology*; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D019014:fas Receptor