title: Laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch anal anastomosis: a comparative observational study on long-term functional results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Long-term results after laparoscopic ileal pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) have not been thoroughly evaluated. Our study prospectively compares short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic and open IPAA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2002 and November 2007, 73 laparoscopic and 106 open IPAA patients were enrolled. Patient- and disease-specific characteristics and short- and long-term outcomes were prospectively collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences in demographics, treatment, indication, duration of surgery, and diversion between groups. Laparoscopic patients had faster return of flatus (p = 0.008), faster assumption of a liquid diet (p < 0.001), and less blood loss (p = 0.026). While complications were similar, the incidence of incisional hernias was lower in the laparoscopic group (p = 0.011). Mean follow-up was 24.8 months. Average number of bowel movements was 6.8 +/- 2.8/day for laparoscopy and 6.3 +/- 1.7 for open (p = 0.058). Overall, 68.4% of patients were fully continent at 1 year, up to 83.7% long term without differences between groups. Other indicators of defecatory function and quality of life remain similar overtime.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic IPAA confers excellent functional results. Most patients are fully continent and have an average of six bowel movements/day. When present, minor incontinence improves over time. Laparoscopy mirrors the results of open IPAA and is a valuable alternative to open surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, MC 5095, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. afichera@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fichera
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Silvestri
authors.forename: Roger D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hurst
authors.forename: Michele A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Michelassi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000601:surgery*; D039021:Colonic Pouches; D003672:Defecation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D016737:Proctocolectomy, Restorative / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome