title: Comparison of extraction efficiencies and LC-MS-MS matrix effects using LLE and SPE methods for 19 antipsychotics in human blood.
abstract: Antipsychotic drugs are frequently associated with sudden death investigations. Detection of these drugs is necessary to establish their use and possible contribution to the death. LC-MS(MS) methods are common; however accurate and precise quantification is assured by using validated methods. This study compared extraction efficiency and matrix effects using common liquid-liquid and solid-phase extraction procedures in both ante-mortem and post-mortem specimen using LC-MS-MS. Extraction efficiencies and matrix effects were determined in five different blank blood specimens of each blood type. The samples were extracted using a number of different liquid-liquid extraction methods and compared with a standard mixed-mode solid-phase extraction method. Matrix effects were determined using a post-extraction addition approach-the blank blood specimens were extracted as described above and the extracts were reconstituted in mobile phase containing a known amount of analytes. The extraction comparison of ante-mortem and post-mortem blood showed considerable differences, in particular the extraction efficiency was quite different between ante-mortem and post-mortem blood. Quantitative methods used for determination of antipsychotic drugs in post-mortem blood should establish that there are no differences in extraction efficiency and matrix effects, particularly if using ante-mortem blood as calibrator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, 57-83 Kavanagh St, Southbank, Australia.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saar
authors.forename: Dimitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gerostamoulos
authors.forename: Olaf H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Drummer
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beyer
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000097:blood*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents