Prognostic models and algorithms in renal cell carcinoma.
Although surgical treatment is curative for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 25% of patients present with locally advanced or disseminated disease, and disease will recur systemically in another 20% to 30% of those who have localized disease at presentation. Many clinical, histologic, and molecular factors have been identified that place patients who have localized RCC at greater risk for recurrence and those who have metastatic disease at risk for progression or death. This article reviews the major prognostic factors for RCC and the most commonly used algorithms developed for use before or after nephrectomy and before initiation of systemic therapy. These RCC nomograms allow more accurate counseling of patients regarding their likely clinical course and facilitate treatment planning.
Lane
Brian R
BR
Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, A100, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Kattan
Michael W
MW
D000465:Algorithms; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor