title: Coagulation and fibrinolysis are in balance after moderate exercise in middle-aged participants.
abstract: Increased age is associated with a higher risk of thrombotic events. The aim of this study was to investigate the age-related changes in hemostasis before and after moderate exercise controlled by individual anaerobic threshold as recommended for rehabilitation training. In this study, 24 young (25 +/- 1 years) and 24 middle-aged healthy nonsmokers (48 +/- 1 years) underwent an individualized exercise test with 80% of individual anaerobic threshold (young individuals: 127 +/- 6 W; middle-aged individuals: 128 +/- 5 W; values are expressed as mean +/- standard error of mean) for 60 minutes. The blood samples were collected before and after the exercise. The age-related higher (P < or = .05) levels could be detected in factors II, VII, VIII, IX, XI, XII, prothrombin fragment 1+2, in tissue plasminogen activator antigen and activity, as well as in plasminogen. The relative exercise-induced increases in these parameters were similar in both groups, although beginning at a higher level for those in the middle-aged group.A statistically enhanced increase after exercise in the middle-aged group could be shown in prothrombin fragment 1+2 (young individuals: 98 +/- 6 to 102 +/- 6 pmol/L; middle-aged individuals: 138 +/- 7 to 156 +/- 8 pmol/L) and in thrombin-antithrombin complex (young individuals: 2.2 +/- 0.1 to 3.1 +/- 0.2 microg/L; middle-aged individuals: 2.4 +/- 0.3 to 3.9 +/- 0.6 microg/L); the latter only showing a tendency. The data show the age-related changes with a rise in blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in a healthy middle-aged group compared with younger participants. Moderate exercise leads to comparably relative increases in hemostatic parameters but starting at higher levels. However, the exercise-induced thrombin generation (prothrombin fragment 1+2) is enhanced in the middle-aged participants in comparison with younger participants, but may be compensated by a sufficient fibrinolysis, and therefore the hemostatic system remains in balance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine, Bergische Universität Wuppertal Pauluskirchstr. 7, D-42285 Wuppertal, Germany. kmenzel@uni-wuppertal.de
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Menzel
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hilberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015308:Anaerobic Threshold; D000990:Antithrombin III; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000097:blood; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000378:metabolism; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C046193:antithrombin III-protease complex; C045879:prothrombin fragment 1.2; D000990:Antithrombin III; D011516:Prothrombin; D010958:Plasminogen; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator