Activation of transcription factors and gene expression by oxidized low-density lipoprotein.
It is well recognized that oxidized LDL (OxLDL) plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Many biological effects of OxLDL are mediated through signaling pathways, especially via the activation of transcription factors, which in turn stimulate the expression of genes involved in the inflammatory and oxidative stress response or in cell cycle regulation. In this review, we will discuss the various transcription factors activated by OxLDL, the studied cell types, the active compounds of the OxLDL particle, and the downstream genes when identified. Identification of the transcription factors and some of the downstream genes regulated by OxLDL has helped us understand the molecular mechanism involved in generation of the atherosclerotic plaque.
Mazière
Cécile
C
Biochemistry Laboratory, North Hospital, University of Picardie-Jules Verne, and INSERM, ERI 12, Amiens F-80000, France. maziere.cecile@chu-amiens.fr
Mazière
Jean-Claude
JC
D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D016328:NF-kappa B; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein