title: Prevalence, symptom impact and predictors of chronic prostatitis-like symptoms in Canadian males aged 16-19 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the prevalence and examine the extent that pain, urinary symptoms, depression and pain catastrophizing predict the quality of life (QoL) in Canadian male adolescents, as the prevalence and impact of chronic prostatitis (CP)-like symptoms in adolescents is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants completed the National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), the Patient Health Questionnaire-depression screen (PHQ-D), and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). CP-like case identification was based on NIH-CPSI report of pain/discomfort in perineum and/or with ejaculation and NIH-CPSI total pain score (0-20) of >or=4 (mild) and >or=8 (moderate-severe). The point prevalence was estimated and regressions used to examine predictors of diminished QoL gathered from the NIH-CPSI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of at least mild CP-like symptoms in 264 Canadian adolescents aged 16-19 years (mean age 17.5, sd 1.1) was 8.3%, with 3% reporting moderate-severe CP-like symptoms. Pain, urinary symptoms, depression and catastrophizing were correlated with diminished QoL. Additionally, catastrophizing predicted diminished QoL when the variance of pain, urinary symptoms and depression were simultaneously considered in the analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Similar to that reported by older cohorts, these data provide the first point-prevalence estimate of CP-like symptoms in adolescents. These findings suggest increased vigilance to a potential diagnosis of adolescent CP syndrome and indicate that psychological features (i.e. catastrophizing) are significant in diminished QoL. Adolescent male chronic pelvic pain is an important and understudied area for future investigations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. dean.tripp@queensu.ca
authors.forename: Dean A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Tripp
authors.forename: J Curtis
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Nickel
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mullins
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stechyson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult