title: Effects of amburoside A and isokaempferide, polyphenols from Amburana cearensis, on rodent inflammatory processes and myeloperoxidase activity in human neutrophils.
abstract: The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of amburoside A (a phenol glucoside) and isokaempferide (a flavonol) isolated from the trunk bark of Amburana cearensis, a medicinal plant used in northeast Brazil for the treatment of asthma. Animals (male Wistar rats or Swiss mice) pre-treated with amburoside A (25 and 50 mg/kg) or isokaempferide (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg), orally or intraperitoneally, showed a significant inhibition of the paw oedema induced by carrageenan (1%), prostaglandin E(2) (30 nmol/paw), histamine (200 microg/paw) or serotonin (200 microg/paw). Histological and morphometric evaluations of the rat paw oedema induced by carrageenan showed that amburoside A and isokaempferide also inhibited the accumulation of inflammatory cells. Amburoside A reduced significantly the paw oedema and the increase in vascular permeability induced by dextran, as related to the control group. Similar results were observed with the isokaempferide pre-treatment. Furthermore, amburoside A or isokaempferide inhibited both leucocyte and neutrophil migrations, in mouse peritoneal cavity, after the carrageenan injection. The polyphenols were not cytotoxic and blocked N-formyl-methyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced myeloperoxidase release and activity in human neutrophils. In addition, amburoside A and isokaempferide at 50 and 100 microg/ml concentrations reduced significantly the lipopolysaccharide-mediated increase in tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels. These results provide, for the first time, evidence to support the anti-inflammatory activity of amburoside A and isokaempferide that seems to be related to an inhibition of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-alpha, as well as histamine, serotonin and prostaglandin E(2), besides leucocyte infiltration in a dose- or concentration-dependent manner. These anti-inflammatory effects can be explained, at least in part, by the ability of these compounds to reduce neutrophil degranulation, myeloperoxidase activity, mediators as well as TNF-alpha secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil. kalyne@ufc.br
authors.forename: Luzia Kalyne Almeida Moreira
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Kirley Marques
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Canuto
authors.forename: Kassiane Cristine
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: da Silva Costa
authors.forename: Hélio Vitoriano
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Nobre-Júnior
authors.forename: Silvânia Mendes
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Vasconcelos
authors.forename: Edilberto Rocha
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.forename: Márcia Valéria Pitombeira
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Juvênia Bezerra
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Fontenele
authors.forename: Geane Matos
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Glauce Socorro
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: de Barros Viana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C530765:amburoside A; C511208:isokaempferide; D009195:Peroxidase