Evaluation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins for porcine torque teno virus DNAs.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether commercial Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins sold for use in swine contain porcine torque teno virus (TTV).


METHODS
22 commercially available M hyopneumoniae bacterins.


METHODS
Direct and nested PCR assays for genogroup-specific TTV DNAs were performed on serials of M hyopneumoniae bacterins by use of published and custom-designed primer pairs at 3 laboratories in North America and Europe.


RESULTS
Of the 22 bacterins tested by use of direct and nested PCR assays, 7 of 9 from the United States, 2 of 5 from Canada, and 4 of 8 from Europe contained genogroup 1- and genogroup 2-TTV DNAs. In some bacterins, the TTV DNAs were readily detected by use of direct PCR assays.


CONCLUSIONS
Analysis of these data indicated that many of the commercially available M hyopneumoniae bacterins were contaminated with TTV DNA. It is possible that some of these bacterins could inadvertently transmit porcine TTV infection to TTV-naïve swine.
Krakowka
Steven
S
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Ringler
Susan S
SS
Arumugam
Prakash
P
McKillen
John
J
McIntosh
Kathy
K
Hartunian
Catherine
C
Hamberg
Alexander
A
Rings
Michael
M
Allan
Gordon
G
Ellis
John A
JA
D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000821:virology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004340:Drug Contamination; D045705:Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000635:transmission; D022783:Torque teno virus / Q000235:genetics*
D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D004279:DNA, Viral