title: The cortical dynamics in building syntactic structures of sentences: an MEG study in a minimal-pair paradigm.
abstract: The importance of abstract syntactic structures and their crucial role in analyzing sentences have long been emphasized in contemporary linguistics, whereas the linear order model, in which next-coming words in a sentence are claimed to be predictable based on lexico-semantic association or statistics alone, has also been proposed and widely assumed. We examined these possibilities with magnetoencephalography (MEG) and measured cortical responses to a verb with either object-verb (OV) or subject-verb (SV) sentence structures, which were tested in a minimal-pair paradigm to compare syntactic and semantic decision tasks. Significant responses to the normal OV sentences were found in the triangular part of the left inferior frontal gyrus (F3t) at 120-140 ms from the verb onset, which were selective for explicit syntactic processing. The earliest left F3t responses can thus be regarded as predictive effects for the syntactic information of the next-coming verb, which cannot be explained by associative memory or statistical factors. Moreover, subsequent responses in the left insula at 150-170 ms were selective for the processing of the OV sentence structure. On the other hand, responses in the left mediofrontal and inferior parietal regions at 240-280 ms were related to syntactic anomaly and verb transitivity, respectively. These results revealed the dynamics of the multiple cortical regions that work in concert to analyze hierarchical syntactic structures and task-related information, further elucidating the top-down syntactic processing that is crucial during on-line sentence processing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Kuniyoshi L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007802:Language; D008037:Linguistics / Q000379:methods*; D015225:Magnetoencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012660:Semantics; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult