title: Review article: gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and psychological comorbidity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A growing number of studies have shown the impact of psychological comorbidities on gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients' symptom reports and healthcare-seeking behaviour.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the reported relationship between GERD and psychological comorbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of the literature on GERD and psychological comorbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychological comorbidity is common among GERD patients and appears to afflict all GERD phenotypes. Sexual and physical abuse is also common in GERD patients. Stress enhances perception of oesophageal acid exposure. Treatment for GERD, especially in those who are not responsive to antireflux treatment, may require further evaluation for psychological comorbidity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychological comorbidity is very common in GERD patients and is likely to play an important role in response, or failure of response, to proton pump inhibitor treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Southern Arizona VA Health Care System and University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ 85723-0001, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mizyed
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Fass
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fass
mesh_terms: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors