title: Association between generalized joint hypermobility and signs and diagnoses of temporomandibular disorders.
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze whether generalized joint hypermobility (GJH) is a risk factor for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). We examined 895 subjects (20-60 yr of age) in a population-based cross-sectional sample in Germany for GJH according to the Beighton classification and for TMD according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC/TMD). After controlling for the effects of age, gender, and general joint diseases using multiple logistic regression analyses, hypermobile subjects (with four or more hypermobile joints on the 0-9 scale) had a higher risk for reproducible reciprocal clicking as an indicator for disk displacement with reduction (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.68) compared with those subjects without hypermobile joints. Concurrently, subjects with four or more hypermobile joints had a lower risk for limited mouth opening (< 35 mm; OR = 0.26). The associations between GJH and reproducible reciprocal clicking or limited mouth opening were statistically significant in a trend test. No association was observed between hypermobility and myalgia/arthralgia (RDC/TMD Group I/IIIa). In conclusion, GJH was found to be associated with non-painful subtypes of TMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. christian.hirsch@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: Mike T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult