title: The structure of Fcp1, an essential RNA polymerase II CTD phosphatase.
abstract: Kinases and phosphatases regulate mRNA synthesis and processing by phosphorylating and dephosphorylating the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. Fcp1 is an essential CTD phosphatase that preferentially hydrolyzes Ser2-PO(4) of the tandem YSPTSPS CTD heptad array. Fcp1 crystal structures were captured at two stages of the reaction pathway: a Mg-BeF(3) complex that mimics the aspartylphosphate intermediate and a Mg-AlF(4)(-) complex that mimics the transition state of the hydrolysis step. Fcp1 is a Y-shaped protein composed of an acylphosphatase domain located at the base of a deep canyon formed by flanking modules that are missing from the small CTD phosphatase (SCP) clade: an Fcp1-specific helical domain and a C-terminal BRCA1 C-terminal (BRCT) domain. The structure and mutational analysis reveals that Fcp1 and Scp1 (a Ser5-selective phosphatase) adopt different CTD-binding modes; we surmise the CTD threads through the Fcp1 canyon to access the active site.
authors.affiliation: Structural Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Agnidipta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Stewart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shuman
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020449:Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D012319:RNA Polymerase II; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; C116022:carboxy-terminal domain phosphatase