title: Substantial detrusor overactivity in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats with hyperactive behaviour.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) is a useful model for studying the mechanisms of detrusor overactivity (DO). However, owing to their confounding phenotypic characteristics of hyperactive behaviour, there could be some problems with the interpretation of cystometric data, which is significantly confused by abdominal straining (AS), causing changes in intravesical pressure (IVP).
  
  
  METHODS
  IVP and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) were recorded simultaneously to evaluate true DO in conscious healthy male SHRs and Wistar/ST (Wistar) rats. Intravesical pressure rises (IVPRs), defined as increments that exceeded 2 cmH(2)O from baseline, were counted, and those that were caused by AS or DO were determined according to the presence of simultaneous changes in IAP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with Wistar rats, SHRs had a shorter filling phase (p<0.01) and greater frequency of IVPRs (p<0.01). SHRs, but not Wistar rats, showed DO. The substantial DO represented up to 76% of total IVPRs, with the remainder caused by AS. The amplitude (p<0.05) but not the frequency of AS (p>0.05), was higher in SHR than Wistar rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conscious SHRs, variations in IAP due to hyperactive behaviour may cause misinterpretation of pressure parameters and result in false reports of DO. Thus, simultaneous registration of IAP and IVP is needed for accurate recording of substantial DO in these animals.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Urology, Inha University College of Medicine by BK 21 Project, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Long-Hu
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Karl-Erik
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Yong-Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Chang-Shin
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Tack
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D015897:Comorbidity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011312:Pressure; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics