title: The effect of mastication on human cognitive processing: a study using event-related potentials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to clarify the effect of mastication on cognitive processing using reaction time (RT) and event-related potentials (ERPs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The two experiments consisted of two conditions, Mastication (chewing gum) and Control (relaxing without chewing gum) in Experiment 1, and Jaw Movement (opening and closing the jaw) and Finger Tapping (tapping the right index finger) in Experiment 2. The subjects performed four sessions of an auditory oddball paradigm. RT and ERPs were recorded in these four sessions, Pre (before chewing), and Post 1, Post 2 and Post 3 (after chewing).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Mastication for RT and the peak latencies of P300 and N100, the values were significantly longer in Pre than in Post 2 or Post 3. By contrast, in Control, Jaw Movement, and Finger Tapping, they were almost identical among sessions or significantly shorter in Pre than in Post 2 or Post 3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mastication influences cognitive processing time as reflected by RT and the latency of ERP waveforms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study investigating the effect of mastication on the central nervous system using event-related potentials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan. kiwakos@nips.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kiwako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Ryusuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kakigi
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007568:Jaw / Q000294:innervation; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult