title: Gene expression profile of cervical and skin tissues from human papillomavirus type 16 E6 transgenic mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although K14E6 transgenic mice develop spontaneous tumors of the skin epithelium, no spontaneous reproductive tract malignancies arise, unless the transgenic mice were treated chronically with 17beta-estradiol. These findings suggest that E6 performs critical functions in normal adult cervix and skin, highlighting the need to define E6-controlled transcriptional programs in these tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the expression profile of 14,000 genes in skin or cervix from young K14E6 transgenic mice compared with nontransgenic. To identify differentially expressed genes a linear model was implemented using R and the LIMMA package. Two criteria were used to select the set of relevant genes. First a set of genes with a Log-odds > or = 3 were selected. Then, a hierarchical search of genes was based on Log Fold Changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microarray analysis identified a total of 676 and 1154 genes that were significantly up and down-regulated, respectively, in skin from K14E6 transgenic mice. On the other hand, in the cervix from K14E6 transgenic mice we found that only 97 and 252 genes were significantly up and down-regulated, respectively. One of the most affected processes in the skin from K14E6 transgenic mice was the cell cycle. We also found that skin from transgenic mice showed down-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes and genes related to the immune response. In the cervix of K14E6 transgenic mice, we could not find affected any gene related to the cell cycle and apoptosis pathways but did observe alterations in the expression of immune response genes. Pathways such as angiogenesis, cell junction and epidermis development, also were altered in their gene expression profiles in both tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of the HPV16 E6 oncoprotein in our model alters expression of genes that fell into several functional groups providing insights into pathways by which E6 deregulate cell cycle progression, apoptosis, the host resistance to infection and immune function, providing new opportunities for early diagnostic markers and therapeutic drug targets.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, México DF 07000, México. dmendoza@cinvestav.mx
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Villanueva
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Diaz-Chavez
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Uribe-Figueroa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rangel-Escareão
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hidalgo-Miranda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: March-Mifsut
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Sanchez
authors.forename: Pf
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gariglio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012867:Skin / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: C068651:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 16; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D012097:Repressor Proteins