title: Administration of high doses of caffeine increases alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although some studies have reported a negative influence of caffeine on bone metabolism, there is no information about its effect on the progression of periodontitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of high doses of caffeine on ligature-induced periodontitis in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two Wistar rats were assigned to one of the following groups: non-caffeine group (n = 12) = animals without caffeine ingestion; caffeine group (n = 10) = animals ingesting 10 mg/100 g body weight/day of caffeine via drinking water for 56 days. Two weeks after the beginning of caffeine intake, one of the mandibular molar was randomly assigned to receive a ligature, whereas the contralateral molar was left unligated. Forty-two days later, the animals were sacrificed, and the specimens were processed to obtain decalcified sections. The area of periodontal ligament and/or bone loss in the furcation region of the first molars was histometrically determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Caffeine intake did not have a direct effect on the alveolar bone loss in unligated teeth. But on the ligated tooth, a greater area of bone loss was observed in the animals that ingested caffeine compared to those that did not (P <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrated that daily intake of high doses of caffeine may enhance ligature-induced periodontitis progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Joyce Pinho
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bezerra
authors.forename: Luiz Ricardo Ferreira
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Vanessa Adélia
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: de Alvarenga Lemos
authors.forename: Poliana Mendes
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Marta Ferreira
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Bastos
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018450:Disease Progression; D017823:Furcation Defects / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008026:Ligation / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D002110:Caffeine