title: Chardonnay grape seed procyanidin extract supplementation prevents high-fat diet-induced obesity in hamsters by improving adipokine imbalance and oxidative stress markers.
abstract: Studies reported the effects of polyphenols but not for grape polyphenols towards obesity. We analysed the effects of a polyphenolic grape seed extract (GSE) on obesity and oxidative stress in hamsters receiving a high-fat diet (HFD). Three groups of hamsters received a standard diet (STD), or a HFD plus a daily gavage with water (Control, HFD) or a solution of GSE (HFD + GSE) for 12 wk. Plasma glucose, triglycerides (TG), insulin, leptin and adiponectin were measured. Oxidative stress was assessed by cardiac production of superoxide anion and NAD(P)H oxidase expression. After 12 wk, HFD increased abdominal fat as compared with standards. GSE avoided this feature. HFD led to higher plasma glucose, TG, insulin and greater insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values. GSE prevented in part these effects, reducing insulinemia and leptinemia by 16.5 and 45%, respectively, whereas adiponectin level increased by 61% compared with obese controls. GSE lowered glycemia and HOMA-IR and strongly prevented cardiac production of superoxide by 74% and NAD(P)H oxidase expression by 30%. This is the first time that chronic consumption of grape phenolics is shown to reduce obesity development and related metabolic pathways including adipokine secretion and oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Equipe d'Accueil 4188, Nutrition Humaine, Biodisponibilité et Athérogénèse, Université Montpellier 1 and 2, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Décordé
authors.forename: Pierre-Louis
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Teissèdre
authors.forename: Thibault
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sutra
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cristol
authors.forename: Jean-Max
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rouanet
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; C511402:Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D019255:NADPH Oxidases