title: Clinical features and immunohistochemical changes of pituitary apoplexy.
abstract: The clinical features of 426 pituitary adenomas were retrospectively analyzed, focusing on the factors that affect the development of pituitary apoplexy. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to define the different hormone types of the tumors and the expression of various immunologic targets, including the pituitary tumor transforming gene, basic fibroblast growth factor-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Of the 426 patients, 83 presented with pituitary apoplexy (19.48%). Among them, 43 patients (43/83, 51.82%) developed apoplexy in the absence of any obvious precipitating factor. Clinical manifestations included headaches (80/83, 96.38%), vision loss (69/83, 83.13%), pituitary function change (51/83, 61.45%), visual field defects (41/83, 49.39%), and nausea and vomiting (34/83, 40.96%). Male patients and patients with functional adenoma had a higher probability of developing apoplexy. Complicated immunological expression patterns were found in adenomas associated with pituitary apoplexy, with adenomas of different hormone types identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China.
authors.forename: Chengzhi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Shaoguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuanming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000150:complications; D000328:Adult; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010899:Pituitary Apoplexy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D013006:Growth Hormone; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9