title: Effects of modafinil on simulator driving and self-assessment of driving following sleep deprivation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While it has been suggested that the novel wake promoting drug modafinil may have some utility with respect to drowsy driving in healthy adults, this has not been investigated until now. The present study was designed to assess the effects of modafinil on objective and self-assessed driving simulator performance during an overnight period of sleep loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen healthy participants (eight males and eight females) remained awake overnight on two separate occasions during which they ingested either a single 300 mg dose of modafinil or a placebo capsule at either 0230 or 0330 h. Two hours post-treatment, participants were evaluated using measures of driving simulator performance, self-assessed driving performance and subjective alertness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Modafinil treatment reduced lane deviation but had less effect on speed deviation, off-road incidents and reaction time to a concurrent task. Modafinil also improved subjective appraisals of driving performance, although its use may have resulted in overconfidence in driving ability during short trips.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modafinil offers some benefits with respect to objective driving performance under conditions of sleep loss. However it may induce overconfidence, suggesting that its use as a countermeasure to drowsiness when driving requires further examination.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Clint G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Gurtman
authors.forename: Jillian H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Broadbear
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Redman
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000077408:Modafinil; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012647:Self-Assessment; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000523:psychology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D000077408:Modafinil