title: Development of the public information and communication technology assessment tool.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Public information and communication technologies, such as information kiosks, automated banking machines and ticket dispensers, allow people to access services in a convenient and timely manner. However, the development of these technologies has occurred largely without consideration of access by people with disabilities. Inaccessible technical features make operation of a public technology difficult and barriers in the environment create navigational challenges, limiting the opportunity of people with disabilities to use these devices and access the services they provide. This paper describes the development of a tool that individuals, disability advocacy groups, business owners, healthcare providers, and urban planners can use to evaluate the accessibility of public technologies and the surrounding environment. Evaluation results can then be used to develop recommendations and advocate for technical and environmental changes to improve access.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tool development consisted of a review of the literature and key Canadian Standards Association documents, task analysis, and consultation with accessibility experts. Studies of content validity, tool usability, inter-rater and test-retest reliability were conducted in sites across Canada.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Accessibility experts verified the content validity of the tool. The current version of the tool has incorporated the findings of a usability study. Initial testing indicated excellent agreement for inter-rater and test-retest reliability scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Social exclusion can arise when public technologies are not accessible. This newly developed instrument provides detailed information that can be used to advocate for more accessible and inclusive public information and communication technologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ripatj@cc.umanitoba.ca
authors.forename: Jacquie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ripat
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watzke
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Birch
mesh_terms: D022126:Access to Information; D003142:Communication; D004777:Environment; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013673:Technology Assessment, Biomedical; D014505:Urban Population