title: Using median regression to obtain adjusted estimates of central tendency for skewed laboratory and epidemiologic data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laboratory studies often involve analyses of highly skewed data for which means are not an adequate measure of central tendency because they are sensitive to outliers. Attempts to transform skewed data to symmetry are not always successful, and medians are better measures of central tendency for such skewed distributions. When medians are compared across groups, confounding can be an issue, so there is a need for adjusted medians.
  
  
  METHODS
  We illustrate the use of quantile regression to obtain adjusted medians. The method is illustrated by use of skewed nutrient data obtained from black and white men attending a prostate cancer screening. For 3 nutrients, saturated fats, caffeine, and vitamin K, we obtained medians adjusted by age, body mass index, and calories for men in each race group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Quantile regression, linear regression, and log-normal regression produced substantially different adjusted estimates of central tendency for saturated fats, caffeine, and vitamin K.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our method was useful for analysis of skewed and other nonnormally distributed continuous outcome data and for calculation of adjusted medians.
authors.affiliation: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Trenton, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Katharine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: McGreevy
authors.forename: Stuart R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lipsitz
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Linder
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rimm
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hoel
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D002110:Caffeine / Q000032:analysis*; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D014812:Vitamin K; D002110:Caffeine