title: Expression of the Grb2-related RET adapter protein Grap-2 in human medullary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: Inappropriate signaling of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase causes different forms of human thyroid malignancy. We have previously identified the adaptor Grap-2 as RET binding protein. To verify involvement of Grap-2 in RET oncogenic signaling we performed sequence and expression analysis of Grap-2 in 15 human MTC samples. All tumors displayed marked Grap-2 mRNA and protein expression without a linear correlation. Beyond one conservative base pair substitution we detected no further alteration in genomic Grap-2 sequence. Consistent Grap-2 expression suggests a specific role for this adaptor in human MTC, while qualitative alterations do not appear to influence RET signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum rechts der Isar, University of Munich, Ismaningerstrasse 22, Munich, Germany. leopold.ludwig@lrz.tum.de
authors.forename: Leopold
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oswald
authors.forename: Cuong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoang-Vu
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dralle
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hildt
authors.forename: Roland M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Wolfram
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Karges
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D006801:Humans; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D017931:DNA Primers; C409587:GRAP2 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger