title: A novel double-network hydrogel induces spontaneous articular cartilage regeneration in vivo in a large osteochondral defect.
abstract: We have developed a novel method to induce spontaneous hyaline cartilage regeneration in vivo for a large osteochondral defect by implanting a plug made from a double-network hydrogel composed of poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid) and poly(N,N'-dimethylacrylamide) at the bottom of the defect, leaving the cavity vacant. In cells regenerated in the treated defect, type-2 collagen, Aggrican, and SOX9 mRNAs were highly expressed and the regenerated matrix was rich in proteoglycan and type-2 collagen at 4 weeks. This fact gave a significant modification to the commonly established concept that hyaline cartilage tissue cannot regenerate in vivo. This study prompted an innovative strategy in the field of joint surgery to repair an osteochondral defect using an advanced, high-function hydrogel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine and Joint Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Nobuto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Jian Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Kazunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arakaki
authors.forename: Hyuck Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.forename: Yong Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kanaya
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohmiya
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osada
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C429790:poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide); D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; C077118:poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid)