title: Cross-utilization and expression of outer membrane receptor proteins for siderophore uptake by Diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) gut bacteria.
abstract: Siderophore production by entomo- and phytopathogens, plus the cross-utilization of these siderophores and expression of outer membrane receptor proteins (OMRPs) by Diamondback moth (DBM) gut bacterial strains, were all examined. All the tested strains grew in the presence of 2, 2'-dipyridyl, and the Brachybacterium sp. PSGB10, Pseudomonas sp. PRGB06, and Serratia marcescens FLGB16 strains were found to cross-utilize the siderophores of various entomopathogens, including Bacillus thuringiensis. A sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis also showed the presence of the OMRPs responsible for the siderophore cross-utilization. In contrast, Stenotrophomonas sp. PRGB08 was unable to cross-utilize siderophores and did not express OMRPs. Thus, siderophore cross-utilization and OMRP expression by the DBM gut bacterial strains would seem to support the potential for microbial populations in the insect gut to evolve efficient mechanisms to overcome any iron limitation imposed by the host insect and eventually contribute to the defense mechanism of the host insect. Furthermore, it is important to consider that other biologically active metabolites produced by insect gut microorganisms may also confer a protective effect on a host insect species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
authors.forename: Pandiyan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Indiragandhi
authors.forename: Rangasamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anandham
authors.forename: Munusamy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Madhaiyan
authors.forename: Gil-Hah
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tongmin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sa
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000898:Antibiosis; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D009036:Moths / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D017262:Siderophores / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D017262:Siderophores; D007501:Iron