title: Shifts in clostridia, bacteroides and immunoglobulin-coating fecal bacteria associated with weight loss in obese adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of a multidisciplinary obesity treatment programme on fecal microbiota composition and immunoglobulin-coating bacteria in overweight and obese adolescents and their relationship to weight loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal intervention study based on both a calorie-restricted diet (calorie reduction=10-40%) and increased physical activity (calorie expenditure=15-23 kcal/kg body weight per week) for 10 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine overweight and obese adolescents (BMI mean 33.1 range 23.7-50.4; age mean 14.8 range, 13.0-16.0).
  
  
  METHODS
  BMI, BMI z-scores and plasma biochemical parameters were measured before and after the intervention. Fecal microbiota was analyzed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Immunoglobulin-coating bacteria were detected using fluorescent-labelled F(ab')2 antihuman IgA, IgG and IgM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reductions in Clostridium histolyticum and E. rectale-C. coccoides proportions significantly correlated with weight and BMI z-score reductions in the whole adolescent population. Proportions of C. histolyticum, C. lituseburense and E. rectale-C. coccoides dropped significantly whereas those of the Bacteroides-Prevotella group increased after the intervention in those adolescents who lost more than 4 kg. Total fecal energy was almost significantly reduced in the same group of adolescents but not in the group that lost less than 2.5 kg. IgA-coating bacterial proportions also decreased significantly in participants who lost more than 6 kg after the intervention, paralleled to reductions in C. histolyticum and E. rectale-C. coccoides populations. E. rectale-C. coccoides proportions also correlated with weight loss and BMI z-score reduction in participants whose weight loss exceeded 4 kg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific gut bacteria and an associated IgA response were related to body weight changes in adolescents under lifestyle intervention. These results suggest interactions between diet, gut microbiota and host metabolism and immunity in obesity.
authors.affiliation: Microbial Ecophysiology, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nadal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santacruz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcos
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warnberg
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garagorri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garagorri
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martin-Matillas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campoy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martí
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moleres
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: O L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Veiga
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Fuentes
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Redondo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sanz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D003013:Clostridium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007136:Immunoglobulins