title: Antifungal and antibacterial activities of Pentanema divaricatum and its active constituent.
abstract: The antimicrobial activity of ethanol and chloroform extracts of Pentanema divaricatum Cass. was studied using the conventional disk diffusion method. The extracts' highest antimicrobial activity was observed against Aspergillus niger. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract by preparative thin layer chromatography (PTLC) showed one antimicrobial fraction which was especially effective against Aspergillus niger. By conventional spectroscopy the active fraction was identified as 4alpha,5alpha-epoxy-10alpha,14H-1-epi-inuviscolide. This compound represented the most potent antimicrobial candidate, with MIC values of <25 microg/disk against A. niger strains and 200 microg/disk against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Nastaran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Momen-Roknabadi
authors.forename: Ahamd R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gohari
authors.forename: Hamid R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Monsef-Esfehani
authors.forename: Farideh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Attar
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hajiaghaee
authors.forename: Soodabeh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saeidnia
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jamalifar
authors.forename: Golnaz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kamalinia
authors.forename: Ahamd R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shahverdi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000187:drug effects*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002725:Chloroform; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D002725:Chloroform