title: Changing paradigms in the diagnosis of urolithiasis.
abstract: A paradigm shift is a fundamental change from a traditional model of thinking. This article presents four paradigm shifts in the diagnoses of urolithiasis, based on the experiences of the authors in the treatment of uroliths in dogs and cats. Case examples are provided to illustrate points regarding urine storage, ultrasonography, use of radiography to assure complete removal of uroliths, and the frequency of upper tract uroliths in cats.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, Minnesota Urolith Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. lulic001@umn.edu
authors.forename: Jody P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lulich
authors.forename: Carl A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osborne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002415:Cats; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*