title: D-KEFS Tower Test performance in patients with lateral prefrontal cortex lesions: the importance of error monitoring.
abstract: This study investigated performance on the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (D-KEFS) Tower Test in a sample of 12 patients with focal lesions in the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and 12 control participants. PFC patients performed worse overall, spent more time on each move, and committed significantly more rule violations. The rule violation measure demonstrated 83% sensitivity and 100% specificity in the detection of lesions. Findings highlight the importance of error monitoring in the assessment of executive functioning. These preliminary results suggest that the lateral PFC may be critical for self-monitoring/inhibition and speed of processing in planning tasks.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway, Colorado Springs, CO 80933-7150, USA. byochim@uccs.edu
authors.forename: Brian P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Yochim
authors.forename: Juliana V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Baldo
authors.forename: Katherine D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Dean C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Delis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*