title: Psychopathology is associated with dyspeptic symptom severity in primary care patients with a new episode of dyspepsia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Personality and psychiatric disorders are reported to be more common in dyspeptic patients with severe complaints, but it remains unclear whether this association exists for patients with mild and moderate dyspepsia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the association between dyspeptic symptom severity and psychopathology, major life events and coping ability in patients with a new episode of dyspepsia. METHODS; Dyspeptic symptom severity was measured using the validated eight symptom Veldhuyzen van Zanten questionnaire. Psychopathology was measured using the Symptom Check List-90 (SCL 90). Major life events were measured with a modified version of the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). Coping styles were measured by a short version of the Utrecht Coping Questionnaire, distinguishing six coping styles. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between dyspepsia symptom severity and psychological factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 664 patients with a new episode of uninvestigated dyspepsia, aged >18 years were included. Dyspeptic symptom severity was positively correlated with the presence of depression (P < 0.01), somatization symptoms (P < 0.01), use of an active coping style (P < 0.01) and negatively correlated with age (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary care patients consulting with dyspepsia have higher levels of depression and somatization especially at younger age. An active coping style is associated with dyspepsia symptom severity.
authors.affiliation: University Medical Centre Utrecht, Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mujakovic
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: van Marrewijk
authors.forename: G A J
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Fransen
authors.forename: R J F
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Laheij
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Muris
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samsom
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Grobbee
authors.forename: J B M J
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Knottnerus
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Numans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors