title: Expressing forest origins in the chemical composition of cooperage oak woods and corresponding wines by using FTICR-MS.
abstract: A non-targeted, ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometric, direct analysis of oak-wood extracts from two species (Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea Liebl.) from three French forests, and of a wine aged in barrels derived therefrom has been performed to identify families of metabolites that could discriminate both the species and the geographical origin of woods. From 12 T ultra-high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectra of wood extracts, hundreds of mass signals were identified as possible significant biomarkers of the two species, with phenolic and carbohydrate moieties leading the differentiation between Q. robur and Q. petraea, respectively, as corroborated by both FTMS and NMR data. For the first time, it is shown that oak woods can also be discriminated on the basis of hundreds of forest-related compounds, and particular emphasis is put on sessile oaks from the Tronçais forest, for which sugars are significantly discriminant. Despite the higher complexity and diversity of wine metabolites, forest-related compounds can also be detected in wines aged in related barrels. It is only by using these non-targeted analyses that such innovative results, which reveal specific chemodiversities of natural materials, can be obtained.
authors.affiliation: EA 581 EMMA, Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin-Jules Guyot, Université de Bourgogne, Rue Claude Ladrey, 21078 Dijon, France. regis.gougeon@u-bourgogne.fr
authors.forename: Regis D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Gougeon
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucio
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Boel
authors.forename: Moritz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frommberger
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hertkorn
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peyron
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chassagne
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Feuillat
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cayot
authors.forename: Andrée
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Voilley
authors.forename: Istvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gebefügi
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schmitt-Kopplin
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D029963:Quercus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*