An essential role for stromal interaction molecule 1 in neointima formation following arterial injury.
OBJECTIVE
There is evidence to suggest that stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) functions as a Ca2+ sensor on the endoplasmic reticulum, leading to transduction of signals to the plasma membrane and opening of store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOC). SOC have been detected in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and are thought to have an essential role in the regulation of contraction and cell proliferation. We hypothesized that knockdown of STIM1 inhibits VSMC proliferation and suppresses neointimal hyperplasia.


RESULTS
We examined the effect of the knockdown of STIM1 using a rat balloon injury model and cultured rat aortic VSMCs. Interestingly, knockdown of rat STIM1 by adenovirus delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly suppressed neointimal hyperplasia in a rat carotid artery balloon injury model at 14 days after injury. The re-expression of human STIM1 to smooth muscle reversed the effect of STIM1 knockdown on neointimal formation. Rat aortic VSMCs were used for the in vitro assays. Knockdown of endogenous STIM1 significantly inhibited proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Moreover, STIM1 knockdown induced cell-cycle arrest in G0/G1 and resulted in a marked decrease in SOC. Replenishment with recombinant human STIM1 reversed the effect of siRNA knockdown. These results suggest STIM1 has a critical role in neointimal formation in a rat model of vascular injury.


CONCLUSIONS
STIM1 may represent a novel therapeutic target in the prevention of restenosis after vascular interventions.
Guo
Rui-Wei
RW
Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
Wang
Hong
H
Gao
Pan
P
Li
Mao-Quan
MQ
Zeng
Chun-Yu
CY
Yu
Yang
Y
Chen
Jian-Fei
JF
Song
Ming-Bao
MB
Shi
Yan-Kun
YK
Huang
Lan
L
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000293:injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; D013997:Time Factors; D014161:Transduction, Genetic
D000199:Actins; D002118:Calcium; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1; C103530:STIM1 protein, human; C518857:Stim1 protein, rat; C498862:Acta2 protein, rat