title: Trends in presenting characteristics and hospital mortality among patients with ST elevation and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction in the National Registry of Myocardial Infarction from 1990 to 2006.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although ST elevation (STEMI) and non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction (AMI) have been the focus of intense clinical investigation, limited information exists on characteristics and hospital mortality of patients not enrolled in clinical trials. Previous large databases have reported declining mortality of patients with STEMI but have not noted substantial mortality change among those with NSTEMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  The National Registry of Myocardial Infarction enrolled 2,515,106 patients at 2,157 US hospitals from 1990 to 2006. Of these, we evaluated 1,950,561 with diagnoses reflecting acute myocardial ischemia on admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1990 to 2006, the proportion of NSTEMI increased from 14.2% to 59.1% (P < .0001), whereas the proportion of STEMI decreased. Mean age increased (from 64.1 to 66.4 years, P < .0001) as did the proportion of females (from 32.4% to 37.0%, P < .0001). Patients were less likely to report prior angina, prior AMI, or family history of coronary artery disease but more likely to report history of diabetes, hypertension, current smoking, heart failure, prior revascularization, stroke, and hyperlipidemia. From 1994 to 2006, hospital mortality fell among all patients (10.4% to 6.3%), STEMI (11.5% to 8.0%), and NSTEMI (7.1% to 5.2%), (all P < .0001). After adjustment for baseline covariates, hospital mortality fell among all patients by 23.6% (odds ratio [OR] 0.764, 95% CI 0.744-0.785), STEMI by 24.2% (OR 0.758, 0.732-0.784), and NSTEMI by 22.6% (OR 0.774, 0.741-0.809), all P < .001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This large, observational database from 1990 to 2006 shows increasing prevalence of NSTEMI and, despite higher risk profile on presentation, falling risk-adjusted hospital mortality in patients with either STEMI or NSTEMI.
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. wrogers@uab.edu
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Frederick
authors.forename: Edna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stoehr
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Canto
authors.forename: Joseph P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ornato
authors.forename: C Michael
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Charles V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Pollack
authors.forename: Joel M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.forename: Nisha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chandra-Strobos
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: French
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000639:trends; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000639:trends; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000639:trends; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D020379:Risk Adjustment; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States