Developing clinical role of a CCR5 co-receptor antagonist in HIV-1 infection.
BACKGROUND
Maraviroc is the only approved CCR5 coreceptor antagonist on the market for treatment of HIV-1 infection. It uses a previously untargeted step in the HIV-1 replication cycle necessary for viral entry into the host cell.


OBJECTIVE
This review will describe and evaluate recent clinical literature regarding maraviroc, focusing on safety, efficacy, and mechanisms of treatment failure.


METHODS
A search of the primary literature and conference abstracts was conducted using the keywords CCR5 antagonist, maraviroc, and UK-427857. Resulting articles were then compiled and analyzed in this review.


CONCLUSIONS
Maraviroc is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 replication and contributes to effective viral suppression in combination with traditional antiretroviral medications. Due to its numerous drug interactions, potential for severe adverse events, and relative paucity of clinical data in long-term randomized, controlled trials, maraviroc should be one of the final agents utilized in salvage therapy in combination with other active antiretroviral agents.
Caldwell
David J
DJ
Assistant Professor of Clinical and Administrative Sciences ULM College of Pharmacy, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA. dcaldwell@ulm.edu
Evans
Jeffery D
JD
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065100:CCR5 Receptor Antagonists; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D023581:HIV Fusion Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077592:Maraviroc; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014230:Triazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D065100:CCR5 Receptor Antagonists; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D023581:HIV Fusion Inhibitors; D014230:Triazoles; D000077592:Maraviroc