Phytotoxicity of constituents of glandular trichomes and the leaf surface of camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris.
Camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby, has a camphor-like odor, and its leaf surfaces contain glandular trichomes of the type shown to contain high levels of isoprenoids in other species. Borneol (1), the phytotoxic calamenene-type sesquiterpenes (2-5, 9-11), and methylated flavones (12-15) were isolated from the dichloromethane rinsate of camphorweed aerial tissues. The strongest plant growth inhibitor against Agrostis stolonifera and Lactuca sativa seedlings, as well as duckweed (Lemna pausicostata), was 2-methoxy-calamenene-14-carboxylic acid (2). Esterification of calamenene carboxylic acids decreased their biological activity.
Morimoto
Masanori
M
USDA-ARS, Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Box 8048, University, MS 38677, USA. masanori@nara.kindai.ac.jp
Cantrell
Charles L
CL
Libous-Bailey
Lynn
L
Duke
Stephen O
SO
D031703:Agrostis / Q000187:drug effects; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001892:Camphanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D047309:Flavones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018545:Lactuca / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D001892:Camphanes; D047309:Flavones; D006540:Herbicides; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C022871:isoborneol