title: A preliminary study on chromosome aneuploidy & mosaicism in early pre-implantation human embryo by fluorescence in situ hybridization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chromosome aneuploidy plays an important role in infertility, early pregnancy wastage and perinatal mortality. Cytogenetic & fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) studies on developmentally arrested and morphologically poor embryo have shown high frequency of chromosomal abnormality and mosaicism. In this study, we attempted to evaluate chromosome aneuploidy and mosaicism on human embryos through the use of FISH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty one grade IV un-transferable embryos were obtained from 25 patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Forty six embryos were studied by FISH; 15 were lost during transport and handling. FISH probes (non-commercial) for centromeres of chromosome X, Y, 1 and 18 were used for the study. Zona of embryos were dissolved in 0.01N HCl containing 0.1 per cent Tween 20 for 2-3 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interpretable FISH results were obtained in 24 embryos. Nineteen embryos (79.2%) were disomic (normal) for chromosome X/Y or 1/18 and five (20.8%) were abnormal. Among five abnormal embryos two were triploidy (from same patient), one was double mosaic aneuploidy, one was mosaic aneuploidy and one was trisomy for sex chromosome (XXY). There was eleven embryos with presence of Y chromosome i.e., male and three embryos were female.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Skewing of sex ratio (11M vs. 3F) and low chromosome aneuploidy were observed in this preliminary study, however, it will be premature to conclude as the numbers of embryos studied were limited and so were the numbers of FISH probes used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Aashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fauzdar
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Halder
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D009030:Mosaicism / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011247:Pregnancy; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D012743:Sex Preselection; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement