title: Tail skin temperatures reflect coping styles in rats.
abstract: This study was carried out to elucidate the predictive value of tail skin temperatures (TSTs) assessed in naïve rats as a non-invasive pre-experimental method of classification of coping style. Male Lewis rats were classified according to tail skin temperatures (TST), and relative size within cage-groups. TSTs were monitored over two-hour periods following exposure to physical and emotional stressors. Bodyweight-shifts associated to the experiments were analysed. Six organs of neuroendocrine relevance to allostasis were weighed. Challenge-specific TST-profiles were size-related and consistent with proactive or reactive coping. Pro-active (A) rats showed a more pronounced TST-response to unknown conspecifics, but reactive (B) rats to environmental novelties. B-rats showed challenge-specific weight-losses while A-rats gained more after experiments. Second size males showed rapidly decreased TSTs (vasoconstriction) after nociceptive stimulation. Males that showed the highest basal TSTs and weight-loss in emotionality tests had lost a first rank position during a pre-experimental period, suggesting long-lasting effects of social defeat. Pre-experimental growth correlated positively to adiposisity post-experimentally, but negatively to testes relative weight in B-rats. Scaling effects explained heart-size in B-rats and pituitary-size in A-rats. The overall patterns that emerged, in factor analyses including organ sizes, were consistent with pro-active coping in A-rats and reactive in B-rats. Our results, controlling for rank-effects, suggest that non-invasively assessed TSTs may predict individual stress-coping phenotypes pre-experimentally in rats housed in groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, RMV, Box 1024, SE 751 40, Uppsala, Sweden. greta.agren@surgsci.uu
authors.forename: Greta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Agren
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Ingemar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Thiblin
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lundeberg
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D049628:Body Size / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D012881:Skin Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013623:Tail