title: Local matrix metalloproteinase 2 gene knockdown in balloon-injured rabbit carotid arteries using nonviral-small interfering RNA transfection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Small interfering RNA (siRNA) delivery is a promising approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 over-expression in the arterial wall has been implicated in restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention, as well as in spontaneous atherosclerotic plaque rupture. We hypothesized that in vivo local delivery of siRNA targeted at MMP2 (MMP2-siRNA) in the balloon-injured carotid artery of hypercholesterolemic rabbits may lead to inhibition of MMP2 expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two weeks after balloon injury, 5 micromol/l of Tamra-tagged MMP2-siRNA, scramble siRNA or saline was locally injected in the carotid artery and incubated for 1 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fluorescent microscopy studies showed the circumferential uptake of siRNA in the superficial layers of neointimal cells. MMP2 mRNA levels, measured by the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, was decreased by 79 +/- 25% in MMP2-siRNA- versus scramble siRNA-transfected arteries (p < 0.05). MMP2 activity, measured by gelatin zymography performed on the conditioned media of MMP2-siRNA versus scramble siRNA transfected arteries, decreased by 53 +/- 29%, 50 +/- 24% and 46 +/- 14% at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively (p < 0.005 for all). No effect was observed on MMP9, pro-MMP9 and TIMP-2 levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained in the present study suggest that significant inhibition of gene expression can be achieved with local delivery of siRNA in the arterial wall in vivo.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U698, Bioingénierie Cardiovasculaire, CHU Bichat Université Paris 13, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75877 Paris Cedex 18, France.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hlawaty
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: San Juan
authors.forename: Marie-Paule
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vranckx
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Letourneur
authors.forename: Laurent J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology*; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9