The constituents of Anisomeles indica and their anti-inflammatory activities.
BACKGROUND
Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze. (Labiatae), popularly known as 'yu-chen-tsao', has been traditionally used as anti-inflammatory agent.


OBJECTIVE
Investigate the chemical constituents from the whole plants of Anisomeles indica, and evaluate their in vitro anti-inflammatory activities.


RESULTS
The combined MeOH extract was successively partitioned with CHCl(3) and n-butanol, then submitted to several column chromatographic, and HPLC purification procedures which led to the isolation of one cembrane-type diterpenoid (3), two benzenoids (4 and 5), five flavonoids (1, 2, 6, 7 and 14), and six phenyl propanoids (8-13). The compounds 1-14 were examined for their inhibitory effects on inflammatory mediator's enhanced production from LPS/IFN-gamma-stimulated macrophages. Among these, ovatodiolide (3) exhibited potent inhibition on NO, TNF-alpha and IL-12 enhanced production at a concentration of 5 microM, followed by pedalitin (1), scutellarein 7-O-beta-d-glucuronide methyl ester (6), and acteoside (12) at 40 microM (P<0.05). Furthermore, 2 microM of 3, and 20 microM of 1 and 6 significantly (P<0.05) arrested the cell cycle of Con A-stimulated spleen cells at the G0/G1 stage.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the first report on the presence of compounds 1 and 4-13 in this plant and of the potent anti-inflammatory activity of 1, 3, 6 and 12 in vitro. These compounds may account for the use of Anisomeles indica in folk medicine to treat inflammation.
Rao
Yerra Koteswara
YK
Institute of Biochemical Sciences and Technology, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufeng, Taiwan, ROC.
Fang
Shih-Hua
SH
Hsieh
Shih-Chuan
SC
Yeh
Tsung-Hsien
TH
Tzeng
Yew-Min
YM
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D007371:Interferon-gamma