title: Left anterior descending coronary artery myocardial bridging by multislice computed tomography: correlation with clinical findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relationship between left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery myocardial bridging detected by 64-slice computed tomography (CT) and clinical findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  221 consecutive patients were examined with coronary 64-slice CT angiography. 21 patients with coronary stenosis >50% were excluded. The length, depth, and luminal narrowing of LAD myocardial bridges during systole and diastole were measured. CT findings were compared with the treadmill ECG-stress test, and clinical symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myocardial bridges of the LAD were found in 23% of patients (51/221) (length, 14.9+/-6.5mm; depth, 2.6+/-1.6mm). A significant difference was noted between the LAD luminal diameter before the intramyocardial course and intramyocardially, for both diastole and systole (p<0.001); with a higher diameter reduction of 27% for end-systole compared to end-diastole with 15% (p=0.006). Systolic LAD intramyocardial luminal narrowing >50% was found in 3/25 (8%). 30/51 (59%) of bridges were "deep" (>2mm myocardial depth), 21/51 (41%) were "superficial". The prevalence of a positive ECG-stress tests for the anterior myocardial region was significantly higher in patients with LAD myocardial bridges (34/50; 68%) compared to those without (28/144; 19.4%) (p<0.001). There was no difference between "superficial" and "deep" LAD myocardial bridges in regard to a positive treadmill ECG-stress test. Typical angina was rare with 6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LAD myocardial bridges are common findings and can possibly explain a positive exercise ECG-stress test for anterior myocardial ischemia. Intramyocardial LAD segments show mild-to-moderate luminal narrowing at rest, which is higher during end-systolic phase.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Department of Radiology II, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jodocy
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aglan
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.forename: Ammar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mallouhi
authors.forename: Otmar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pachinger
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jaschke
authors.forename: Gudrun M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Feuchtner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003331:Coronary Vessels; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054084:Myocardial Bridging / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*