title: Prevalence and determinants of diabetes mellitus in the Indian industrial population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To highlight the regional difference in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and to explore determinants in variability in the Indian industrial population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey was carried out among the employees and their family members (10 930 individuals, mean age 39.6 years, 6764 male) of eleven medium-to-large industries from diverse sites in India, using a stratified random sampling technique. Information on behavioural, clinical and biochemical risk factors of DM was obtained, through standardized instruments. DM was diagnosed when fasting blood glucose was > or = 7.0 mmol/l and/or individuals took drug treatment for DM. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the potential predictors of DM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 20 to 69-year-old age group, the crude prevalence of DM and impaired fasting glucose was 10.1 and 5.3%, respectively. Urban sites had a higher prevalence and awareness of DM status. Individuals in the lower education group had a high prevalence of DM (11.6%). In diabetic subjects, 38.4% were unaware that they had diabetes. Waist-circumference-to-height ratio had a higher DM predictive power than waist circumference and body mass index. The risk factors associated with overall prevalence of DM were: age, sex, low-education level, family history of DM, hypertension and overweight/obesity. Interaction of risk factors was observed only in urban high-prevalence sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are wide regional variations in the prevalence of DM in India. The high burden of undetected diabetes, even in settings with universal access to on-site health care, highlights the need for innovative prevention and control strategies.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Chronic Disease Control, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Dehli, India.
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Ajay
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prabhakaran
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jeemon
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Thankappan
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ramakrishnan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: F U
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: B V M
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaturvedi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Reddy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007221:Industry; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014505:Urban Population; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult