title: Managing symptoms among patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy: results of a two-arm behavioral trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we compare symptom response and times to response among patients with breast cancer who were assigned to either a cognitive behavioral Nurse-Administered Symptom Management intervention or an Automated Telephone Symptom Management (ATSM) intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with breast cancer were identified from a larger trial. Baseline equivalence existed between arms, and there was no differential attrition by arm. Anchor-based definition of response using mild, moderate, and severe categories of symptom severity were used. Responses and times to response for 15 symptoms were investigated in relation to trial arm, comorbid conditions, treatment protocols, and metastatic versus localized disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ATSM arm was more effective among patents with metastatic disease. Compared with patients receiving combination chemotherapy protocols, those treated with single agents had greater response and shorter time to response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An educational information intervention delivered via an automated voice response system that assesses symptoms and refers patients to a Symptom Management Guide is more effective than a complex cognitive behavioral approach in terms of producing greater symptom responses in shorter time intervals among patients with metastatic disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Practice, Michigan State University, B108 Clinical Center; East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. givenc@msu.edu
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Given
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sikorskii
authors.forename: Deimante
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tamkus
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Given
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McCorkle
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Champion
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Decker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D032763:Behavior Control; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000451:nursing / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D030881:Disclosure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D013689:Telephone