title: Characterization of an equine macrophage cell line: application to studies of EIAV infection.
abstract: EIAV is a monocyte/macrophage tropic virus. To date, even though EIAV has been under investigation for numerous years, very few details have been elucidated about EIAV/macrophage interactions. This is largely due to the absence of an equine macrophage cell line that would support viral replication. Herein we describe the spontaneous immortalization and generation of a clonal equine macrophage-like (EML) cell line with the functional and immunophenotype characteristics of differentiated equine monocyte derived macrophage(s) (eMDM(s)). These cells possess strong non-specific esterase (NSE) activity, are able to phagocytose fluorescent bioparticles, and produce nitrites in response to LPS. The EML-3C cell line expresses the EIAV receptor for cellular entry (ELR1) and supports replication of the virulent EIAV(PV) biological clone. Thus, EML-3C cells provide a useful cell line possessing equine macrophage related properties for the growth and study of EIAV infection as well as of other equine macrophage tropic viruses.
authors.affiliation: Iron Genes and the Immune System, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre, Oporto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fidalgo-Carvalho
authors.forename: Jodi K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Craigo
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Costa-Ramos
authors.forename: Ronald C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Montelaro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D043182:Carboxylesterase / Q000097:blood; D002460:Cell Line; D004859:Equine Infectious Anemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000821:virology; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood*; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D004860:Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / Q000502:physiology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000662:veterinary; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast / Q000662:veterinary; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D009573:Nitrites / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D010587:Phagocytosis; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D009573:Nitrites; D043182:Carboxylesterase