Methadone: dental risks and preventive action.
For some time dentists have successfully promoted the benefits of sugar-free medications. There are now over 180 sugar-free medicines manufactured and prescribed. Methadone, used in the rehabilitation of drug-users, is available as a sugar-free preparation; however, the sugar-based version is most often used. This article examines the content of methadone, explains some of the reasons for prescribing patterns and explores how a multi-disciplinary approach can be used to help methadone users with their rehabilitation and minimize risks to oral health. The wider public health and health policy implications of methadone use are discussed and the available literature reviewed.


CONCLUSIONS
Dentists are most likely to encounter patients on methadone as a dental emergency and they need to be aware that methadone users are at greater risk of decay and erosion from methadone sugar syrup, as well as perhaps their lifestyle. For dental practitioners, addressing the oral health needs of methadone users can contribute to their general well-being.
Nathwani
Neil S
NS
King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's College and St Thomas' Hospitals, Department of Oral Health Services Research and Dental Public Health, Oral Health Workforce and Education Research Group, London, UK.
Gallagher
Jennifer E
JE
D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D008691:Methadone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000819:agonists*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D012307:Risk Factors; D013395:Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*
D009294:Narcotics; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D013395:Sucrose; D008691:Methadone