title: Antibiotic resistance patterns of pediatric community-acquired urinary infections.
abstract: Knowledge about antimicrobial resistance patterns of the etiological agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is essential for appropriate therapy. Urinary isolates from symptomatic UTI cases attended at Santa Casa University Hospital of São Paulo from August 1986 to December 1989 and August 2004 to December 2005 were identified by conventional methods. Antimicrobial resistance testing was performed by Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method. Among the 257 children, E. coli was found in 77%. A high prevalence of resistance was observed against ampicillin and TMP/SMX (55% and 51%). The antibiotic resistance rates for E. coli were: nitrofurantoin (6%), nalidixic acid (14%), 1st generation cephalosporin (13%), 3rd generation cephalosporins (5%), aminoglycosides (2%), norfloxacin (9%) and ciprofloxacin (4%). We found that E. coli was the predominant bacterial pathogen of community-acquired UTIs. We also detected increasing resistance to TMP/SMX among UTI pathogens in this population.
authors.affiliation: Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculty of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eliana Biondi Medeiros
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Guidoni
authors.forename: Eitan N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Berezin
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nigro
authors.forename: Nataly A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.forename: Vanda
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Benini
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Toporovski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D052978:Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary