title: Evidence of horizontal transfer as origin of strain to strain variation of the tyramine production trait in Lactobacillus brevis.
abstract: Lactobacillus brevis strains with the ability to decarboxylate tyrosine to tyramine have been described and the involvement of several genes constituting a tyrdc operon at the chromosomal level has been demonstrated in this species. In this study, the existence of Lb. brevis strains unable to form tyramine was observed. In order to evaluate if the tyramine-producing ability was strain-dependent or if it could be correlated to the existence of a new species or subspecies, different isolates were analysed. Analysis by M13-RAPD and sequencing of 16S rDNA, 16S-23S ISR and house-keeping gene recA confirmed that all the isolates belonged to the Lb. brevis species. Analysis of the TyrDC pathway encoding operon region in representative strains indicated the existence of a polymorphism. The genetic differences observed showed that the tyrosine decarboxylating ability is not a Lb. brevis species trait but that it is strain-dependent within this species and suggest that the genes encoding the tyramine-producing pathway constitute a genomic island.
authors.affiliation: ADRIA Normandie, Boulevard du 13 juin 1944, 14310 Villers-Bocage, France. ecoton@adrianie.org
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coton
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coton
mesh_terms: D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D003653:Decarboxylation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D044404:Genomic Islands; D052196:Levilactobacillus brevis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009876:Operon; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S / Q000235:genetics; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D014439:Tyramine / Q000378:metabolism*; D014445:Tyrosine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S; D014445:Tyrosine Decarboxylase; D014439:Tyramine