title: Increased augmentation index of the radial pressure waveform in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The augmentation index, a marker of wave reflection, has been reported to reflect vascular properties and to determine left ventricular (LV) characteristics. We investigated the relationship between the augmentation index and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 244 outpatients (122 patients with paroxysmal AF and 122 age-, and gender-matched controls without paroxysmal AF) were examined during sinus rhythm. The augmentation index was calculated from the radial arterial waveform using applanation tonometry methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for age, gender, heart rate, and medications, the augmentation index was significantly higher in patients with paroxysmal AF than in subjects without paroxysmal AF (means +/- SE: 88.9 +/- 1.0 and 81.8 +/- 1.0%, respectively; p < 0.001). In all subjects, an increase in the augmentation index was significantly correlated with LV hypertrophy and left atrial enlargement. Multiple logistic analysis revealed that an increase in the augmentation index was significantly related with paroxysmal AF, and the adjusted odds ratio of paroxysmal AF was approximately 1.8 for each 10% augmentation index increase (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An increase in the augmentation index was independently associated with paroxysmal AF. This result suggests that enhanced wave reflection may be related to the development of AF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Sumitomo Besshi Hospital, Niihama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirohata
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwabu
authors.forename: Youkou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: Youko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.forename: Shigeshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamikawa
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakane
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitawaki
authors.forename: Kengo F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kusano
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusachi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011673:Pulsatile Flow / Q000502:physiology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology