title: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes in patients with carcinoid.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are mainly associated with small-cell lung cancer, gynaecological tumours and lymphomas. Few studies report the association of neurological syndromes with a carcinoid, the majority being a serotonin-related myopathy. We report four patients with a PNS associated with carcinoid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical syndromes were sensory neuropathy, limbic encephalitis, myelopathy and brain stem encephalitis. Two patients had antineuronal autoantibodies (one anti-Hu, one anti-Yo), one patient had antinuclear antibodies, and one patient had no autoantibodies. For two of the carcinoids, expression of HuD in the tumour could be demonstrated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that carcinoids can also be associated with classical antineuronal antibody-associated PNS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Justus-Liebig- University, Am Steg 14, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tschernatsch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dierkes
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gerriets
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hosch
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stolz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaps
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krasenbrink
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Claus
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blaes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051959:ELAV Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020363:Limbic Encephalitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D020364:Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; C095184:CDR2 protein, human; D051959:ELAV Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins