title: Comparison of the effects of candesartan cilexetil and enalapril maleate on right ventricular myocardial remodeling in dogs with experimentally induced pulmonary stenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of candesartan cilexetil and enalapril maleate on right ventricular myocardial remodeling in dogs with experimentally induced pulmonary stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 Beagles.
  
  
  METHODS
  18 dogs underwent pulmonary arterial banding (PAB) to induce right ventricular pressure overload, and 6 healthy dogs underwent sham operations (thoracotomy only [sham-operated group]). Dogs that underwent PAB were allocated to receive 1 of 3 treatments (6 dogs/group): candesartan (1 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h [PABC group]), enalapril (0.5 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h [PABE group]), or no treatment (PABNT group). Administration of treatments was commenced the day prior to surgery; control dogs received no cardiac medications. Sixty days after surgery, right ventricular wall thickness was assessed echocardiographically and plasma renin activity, angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, and angiotensin I and II concentrations were assessed; all dogs were euthanatized, and collagenous fiber area, cardiomyocyte diameter, and tissue angiotensin-converting enzyme and chymase-like activities in the right ventricle were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 60 days of treatment, right ventricular wall thickness, cardiomyocyte diameter, and collagenous fiber area in the PABNT and PABE groups were significantly increased, compared with values in the PABC and sham-operated groups. Chymase-like activity was markedly greater in the PABE group than in other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicated that treatment with candesartan but not enalapril effectively prevented myocardial remodeling in dogs with experimentally induced subacute right ventricular pressure overload.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Kanagawa, 229-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Orito
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Osamura
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wakao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D017380:Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D011666:Pulmonary Valve Stenosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D013777:Tetrazoles; D004656:Enalapril; C077793:candesartan cilexetil