title: [Placebo therapy. Analysis of extent and expectations in a tertiary referral center].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The dimensions of orally administered pharmacological placebos in routine clinical practice and the attitude of the clinical staff towards placebos are widely unknown. The aim of this report was to examine the frequency, indications and the intentions of placebo use at the Medical University of Hannover (MHH).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed as an anonymous cross-sectional written survey at the MHH. Quantitative data on placebo requests registered by the dispensary were obtained in advance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 74% of respondents reported using placebos in clinical practice, including 53% of physicians and 88% of the nursing staff. Pain (76%) and insomnia (59%) were the most frequently reported reasons for administering placebos. Placebos were considered to be highly effective by 28.5% of physicians and 63.8% of the nursing staff.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effective use of pharmacological placebos appears to be an established component of the therapeutic options of a tertiary referral center. The placebo effect seems to contain remarkable potential. While the use of pharmacological placebos is ethically problematic within the clinical context, the improvement of caregiver-patient interactions and the utilization of positive suggestion could serve as an ideal adjunct to active therapy regimes.
authors.affiliation: Bereich Schmerzmedizin, Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, 30625 Hannover, Deutschland. Bernateck.Michael@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernateck
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karst
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eberhard
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vivell
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Stichtenoth
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D004993:Ethics, Nursing; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000941:ethics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000941:ethics; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010919:Placebos / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos