title: Intramammary antibiotic withdrawal periods for dairy goats compared to those for dairy cattle.
abstract: This study investigated the withdrawal periods (WP) of two intramammary antibiotics Cloxamast LC (Intervet SA) and Spectrazol Milking Cow (Schering-Plough Animal Health) in dairy goats and compared them to those recommended for use in cattle. The WP for Cloxamast LC, measured by the Thermo Resistant Inhibitory Substances (TRIS) test, was 60 h in composite samples, 56 h in udder half samples, and the dye was visible for up to 56 h. The WP was significantly shorter than the 72 h recommended WP for use in cattle. It was however significantly longer when the 24 h safety margin (48 h) was subtracted from the recommended WP for cattle. For Spectrazol Milking Cow the antibiotics could be detected by the TRIS test for 61 h in composite samples and 59 h in udder half samples. This did not differ significantly from the recommended 60 h WP for cattle. However, it was significantly longer than that recommended for use in cattle without the 24 h safety margin. There was no significant difference in WP between infected and non-infected udder halves, while there was a weak positive correlation between WP and stage of lactation (R2 = 0.253). There was a moderate positive correlation (R2 = 0.583) between the TRIS test and the presence of dye in milk in udder half samples and between WP in both udder half and composite milk samples (R2 = 0.456). Weak to moderate positive correlations were present between milk yield and the WP in both udder half (R2 = 0.414) and composite (R2 = 0.262) milk samples. Significant differences (P < 0.001) were also observed between the milk yield of udder halves with and without palpable udder damage and between samples that tested TRIS positive and negative on both composite (P = 0.008) and udder half samples (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the milk yield of samples with or without dye. There was a significant difference in milk yield between infected and non-infected udder halves (P = 0.054) and a weak negative correlation between milk yield and stage of lactation (R2 = -0.379).
authors.affiliation: Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa. inge-marie.petzer@up.ac.za
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Petzer
authors.forename: E F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Donkin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Du Preez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karzis
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Van Der Schans
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Watermeyer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van Reenen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006041:Goats; D007774:Lactation / Q000378:metabolism; D008413:Mastitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents