title: Detection of okadaic acid and related esters in mussels during diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) episodes in Greece using the mouse bioassay, the PP2A inhibition assay and HPLC with fluorimetric detection.
abstract: An approach involving chemical, functional and biological techniques was taken for the detection and quantification of the marine toxin okadaic acid (OA) in mussels from Thermaikos and Saronikos Gulfs, Greece, during DSP episodes that occurred in 2006-2007. Samples were analyzed using the mouse bioassay, high performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection (HPLC-FLD), using l-bromoacetylpyrene (BAP), as a precolumn derivatisation reagent, and the protein phosphatase 2A inhibition assay (PP2AIA) using a commercially available kit. Okadaic acid (OA) and its polar and non-polar esters were detected and quantified by HPLC-FLD, after hydrolysis of the samples during preparation. The detection limit of the HPLC method for OA was 5.86 microg OA/kg, which permits this method to be used for the regulatory control of these toxins in shellfish. Comparison of the results by all three methods revealed excellent consistency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, 54110 Sindos, Greece. elea_ft@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: Eleanna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prassopoulou
authors.forename: Panagiota
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Katikou
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Georgantelis
authors.forename: Apostolos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kyritsakis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005470:Fluorometry; D005517:Foodborne Diseases; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D019319:Okadaic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011714:Pyrans / Q000032:analysis; D057096:Shellfish Poisoning; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011714:Pyrans; D019319:Okadaic Acid; C051904:dinophysistoxin 1; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases