title: Effects of low-dose corticosteroids on the bone mineral density of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  : The effects of long-term high-dose corticosteroids on bone mineral density (BMD) are clear, but the effects of low-dose corticosteroids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of low-dose corticosteroids on BMD in patients with RA.
  
  
  METHODS
  : The authors surveyed randomized controlled studies that examined the effects of low-dose corticosteroids on BMD in patients with RA using MEDLINE and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register and by performing manual searches. Data were collected on BMD (end-of-period or change-from-baseline) after longest recorded treatment durations. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effects model; outcomes are presented as standardized mean differences (SMDs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  : Seven studies were included in this meta-analysis, which included 7 studies on lumbar BMD meta-analysis and 6 studies on femur BMD meta-analysis. Corticosteroids resulted in a moderate worsening in lumbar BMD compared with controls (SMD = -0.483; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.815 to -0.151, P = 0.004), whereas the femoral BMD differences were not siginificant (SMD = -0.224; 95% CI, -0.663 to 0.215, P = 0.318). Subgroup analysis of BMD data performed on a change-from-baseline basis showed that corticosteroids had a clear effect on both lumbar and femoral BMDs (SMD = -0.354; 95% CI, -0.620 to -0.088, P = 0.009; SMD = -0.488; 95% CI, -0.911 to -0.065, P = 0.024, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  : This meta-analysis shows BMD loss after low-dose corticosteroid treatment in patients with RA. These findings have practical implications for the long-term management of patients with RA on low-dose corticosteroids.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. lyhcgh@korea.ac.kr
authors.forename: Young Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Seong Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jong Dae
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Gwan Gyu
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones