title: Effectiveness of a clinical pathway for the emergency treatment of patients with inborn errors of metabolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal was to measure the effectiveness of a clinical pathway for the emergency department care of patients with inborn errors of metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two years after the implementation of a multidisciplinary clinical pathway for patients with inborn errors of metabolism in our urban, academic, pediatric emergency department, we compared measures of timeliness and effectiveness for patients treated before the pathway with the same measures for patients treated after implementation of the pathway. Measures of timeliness included time to room, time to doctor, time to glucose infusion, and total emergency department length of stay. Measures of clinical effectiveness included the proportion of patients receiving adequate glucose infusions, proportion of patients admitted, inpatient length of stay, and proportion of patients requiring PICU admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 214 emergency department visits for patients with inborn errors of metabolism were analyzed, 90 before and 124 after initiation of the pathway. All measures of timeliness of care except total emergency department length of stay demonstrated significant improvement in comparisons of values before and after initiation of the pathway. Measures of clinical effectiveness also demonstrated significant improvements after initiation of the pathway. There was improvement in the proportion of patients who received adequate glucose infusions, with a decrease in the proportion of patients who required admission to the PICU. Emergency department length of stay, inpatient length of stay, and the proportion of patients admitted to the hospital were not affected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most measures of timeliness and 2 measures of effectiveness showed improvement after implementation of an emergency department pathway for patients with inborn errors of metabolism. Therefore, a clinical pathway can improve the emergency care of patients with inborn errors of metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
authors.forename: Dina J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Zand
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Uta
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lichter-Konecki
authors.forename: Joyce K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Vesta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salehi
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chamberlain
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019091:Critical Pathways / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D011336:Probability; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014505:Urban Population