title: Sealing ability of occlusal resin composite restoration using four restorative procedures.
abstract: The purpose of this work was to investigate fluid flow after restoration using four restorative procedures. Micro-gap, internal dye leakage, and micropermeability of bonded interfaces were also investigated. Each tooth was mounted, connected to a fluid flow-measuring device, and an occlusal cavity was prepared. Fluid flow after cavity preparation was recorded as the baseline measurement, and the cavity was restored using one of four restorative procedures: bonding with total-etch (Single Bond 2) or self-etch (Clearfil SE Bond) adhesives without lining; or lining with resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji Lining LC) or conventional GIC (Fuji IX) and then bonding with the total-etch adhesive. Fluid flow was recorded after restoration and at specific time-points up to 6 months thereafter and recorded as a percentage. Micro-gap formation was analyzed using resin replicas and scanning electron microscopy. Internal leakage of 2% methylene blue dye was observed under a light microscope. In micro-permeability testing, fluorescent-dye penetration was investigated using confocal laser microscopy. None of the restorative procedures provided a perfectly sealed restoration. Glass-ionomer lining did not reduce fluid flow after restoration, and micro-gaps were frequently detected. The self-etch adhesive failed to provide a better seal than the total-etch adhesive, and even initial gap formation was rarely observed for the former. Penetration of methylene blue and fluorescent dyes was detected in most restorations.
authors.affiliation: Restorative Dentistry Section, School of Dental Science, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Danuchit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Banomyong
authors.forename: Joseph E A
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Palamara
authors.forename: Harold H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Burrow
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy; D003736:Dental Cavity Lining / Q000379:methods; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins