title: Omega-3 fatty acid rich diet prevents diabetic renal disease.
abstract: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) show beneficial effects in cardiovascular disease, IgA, and diabetic nephropathy; however, the mechanisms underlying these benefits are unknown. The study was performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into four treatment groups: nondiabetic (ND), streptozotocin-induced diabetic (D), diabetic and fed a high n-3 PUFA diet (D+canola), and diabetic and fed a high n-6 (omega-6) PUFA diet (D+corn). Study treatments were carried out for 30 wk. D+canola significantly decreased diabetes-associated increases in urine albumin excretion (ND 17.8 +/- 6.4; D 97.3 +/- 9.4; D+canola 8.3 +/- 2.2 mg/day); systolic blood pressure (ND 153 +/- 9; D 198 +/- 7; D+canola 162 +/- 9 mmHg); glomerulosclerosis (ND 0.6 +/- 0.2; D 1.8 +/- 0.2; D+canola 0.8 +/- 0.1 AU); and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the renal cortex (ND 1.2 +/- 0.2; D 2.0 +/- 0.2; D+canola 1.1 +/- 0.1) and the inner stripe of the outer medulla (ND 1.0 +/- 0.2; D 2.1 +/- 0.2; D+canola 1.1 +/- 0.2 AU). D+corn also exerted renoprotection, but not to the same degree as D+canola (urine albumin excretion, 33.8 +/- 6.1 mg/day; systolic blood pressure, D+corn 177 +/- 6 mmHg; glomerulosclerosis, D+corn 1.2 +/- 0.3 AU; cortical tubulointerstitial fibrosis, D+corn 1.6 +/- 0.1 AU; medullary tubulointerstitial fibrosis, D+corn 1.5 +/- 0.1 AU). In addition, D+canola attenuated D-associated increase in collagen type I and type IV, IL-6, MCP-1, transforming growth factor-beta, and CD68 expression. These observations indicate a beneficial effect of high dietary intake of n-3 PUFA in reducing diabetic renal disease.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Physiology and Biophysics, Univ. of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Garman
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mulroney
authors.forename: Michaele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manigrasso
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maric
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005355:Fibrosis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D001786:Blood Glucose; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D024042:Collagen Type I; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D003404:Creatinine; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064231:Nestin; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C539355:CD68 protein, rat; D000097382:CD68 Molecule; C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; C577486:Nes protein, rat; C113267:nephrin