title: Canine uroliths: frequently asked questions and their answers.
abstract: This article is devoted to answering frequently asked questions from veterinarians, veterinary technicians, and pet owners about urolithiasis and the detection, treatment, and prevention of various types of uroliths from various locations in the urinary tract. It has been divided into the following topics: urolith analysis, urolith types, diagnosis, treatment and prevention, urolith recurrence, urinalysis, diet, water, and miscellaneous. The information is geared toward both professionals (eg, the chemical analysis of uroliths) and pet owners (eg, the practical considerations of diet). It includes photographs of various stones and a checklist of factors that suggest the probable mineral composition of canine uroliths.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, Minnesota Urolith Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1352 Boyd Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. koehl002@umn.edu
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: Carl A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: Michelle T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Buettner
authors.forename: Jody P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lulich
authors.forename: Rosalie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Behnke
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*