title: Neuroimaging of CNS involvement in HIV.
abstract: Central nervous system involvement in HIV-positive patients is common with 40% of patients suffering neurological disease at some point in their lives. Neuroimaging is important to properly diagnose treatable conditions and to monitor response to treatment. In this article, we describe and illustrate the main CNS imaging findings. The following categories of pathology are addressed: direct neurological effects of HIV, opportunistic CNS infections and neoplasms, cerebrovascular complications of HIV and CNS effects of highly active retroviral therapy (HAART). Imaging techniques employed include computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
authors.affiliation: Lyshom Department of Neuroradiology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK.
authors.forename: M J L
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Descamps
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hyare
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zerizer
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Jäger
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms; D015658:HIV Infections; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D059906:Neuroimaging