title: Chlamydia pneumoniae infection enhances microglial activation in atherosclerotic mice.
abstract: The presence of Chlamydia pneumoniae in murine brain tissue was studied in atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic mice, after peritoneal injection. Furthermore, we investigated whether increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier was implicated in cerebral C. pneumoniae infection and whether intra-cerebral C. pneumoniae infection leads to microglial activation. Using a polymerase chain reaction, C. pneumoniae DNA was found in the brain tissue of 33% of the mice, 3, 7 and 21 days after infection. Atherosclerosis and age does not influence the extend of the cerebral infection. Semiquantitative analyses showed that intra-cerebral C. pneumoniae infection was not accompanied by an altered function of the blood-brain barrier. Microglial activation was assessed with immunohistochemistry, quantified in the hippocampus of each infected mouse and compared with mock infected. Enhanced microglial activation was found in the atherosclerotic mice. Since microglial activation is a key factor in a number of neuroinflammatory diseases, C. pneumoniae infection might play a role in these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, the Netherlands. manuelavoorend@gmail.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Voorend
authors.forename: A J A M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: van der Ven
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lodder
authors.forename: H W M
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Steinbusch
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bruggeman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D023521:Chlamydophila Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D002537:Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial