title: JNK1/c-fos inhibits cardiomyocyte TNF-alpha expression via a negative crosstalk with ERK and p38 MAPK in endotoxaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Myocardial tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production plays an important role in cardiac dysfunction during sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK) signalling in cardiomyocyte TNF-alpha expression during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and myocardial function in endotoxaemic mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In cultured neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes, deficiency of JNK1 or selective inhibition of JNK1 signalling by over-expression of a dominant negative mutant of JNK1 enhanced LPS-induced TNF-alpha expression, which was associated with elevations in phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). At the organ level, LPS-induced TNF-alpha expression was significantly increased in JNK1(-/-) compared with wild-type hearts. JNK1 activation by LPS also induced immediate c-fos expression in cardiomyocytes, which was blocked by inhibition of JNK1 signalling. The role of c-fos expression in LPS-induced TNF-alpha expression was investigated in both cultured c-fos(-/-) cardiomyocytes and isolated c-fos(-/-) hearts. Deficiency of c-fos significantly enhanced LPS-induced TNF-alpha expression in cardiomyocytes and isolated hearts. Over-expression of c-fos decreased TNF-alpha expression in LPS-stimulated cardiomyocytes, which was associated with a decrease in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38. In mice with endotoxaemia, deficiency of either JNK1 or c-fos further decreased cardiac function compared with corresponding wild-type controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  JNK1/c-fos inhibits ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signalling, leading to decreased cardiomyocyte TNF-alpha expression and improvements in cardiac function during endotoxaemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1.
authors.forename: Tianqing
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiangru
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Qingping
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D053613:Janus Kinase 1 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000201:enzymology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D017725:Ventricular Pressure; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C507905:Jak1 protein, mouse; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases