Do the protocadherins Fat and Dachsous link up to determine both planar cell polarity and the dimensions of organs?
Most, perhaps all cells in epithelial sheets are polarized in the plane of the sheet. This type of polarity, referred to as planar cell polarity (PCP), can be expressed in the orientation of cilia and stereocilia, in oriented outgrowths such as hairs, in the plane of cell division, in directed cell movement and possibly in the orientation of axon extension. Another popular area in current research is growth: there is an attempt to find systems that fix the shape and size of organs. Although both polarity and growth are subject to overall control by morphogen gradients, the mechanisms of this control are almost completely unknown. Here we discuss recent evidence for a 'steepness hypothesis' that links these two apparently disconnected features of animal development.
Lawrence
Peter A
PA
Department of Zoology, Downing Street, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. pal@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk
Struhl
Gary
G
Casal
José
J
D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002999:Clone Cells; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009929:Organ Size; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
D015820:Cadherins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases