title: A finite element analysis of ceramic restorations in endodontically treated premolars.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the level and distribution of stresses in endodontically treated maxillary premolar teeth restored using various cavity designs of bonded all-ceramic restorations. The hypothesis tested was that the various all-ceramic approaches, including incorporating a pulp chamber extension in the restoration, had no influence on the stresses in the restored tooth unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Finite element packages Patran and Abaqus were used for the stress analysis. The cavity designs investigated include: (1) inlay (I); (2) inlay with palatal cusp coverage (IPC); (3) onlay (O); (4) inlay with pulp chamber extension (IPE); (5) inlay with palatal cusp coverage and pulp chamber extension (IPCPE); and (6) onlay with pulp chamber extension (OPE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In each case, tensile stresses were found to be concentrated subjacent to the occlusal fossa. Peak tensile stress and peak shear stress values along the tooth/restoration interface for IPC, O IPCPE and OPE cavity designs were found to be associated with the axiogingival line angle. Overall, the order of the various forms of restoration investigated in terms of the maximum principal stress (from greatest to lowest) was as follows: IPE > IPCPE > OPE > I > IPC > O.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, International Medical University, 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. llseow@gmail.com
authors.forename: Liang Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Seow
authors.forename: Chooi Gait
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.forename: Alex Siu-Lun
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Fok
authors.forename: Nairn H F
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives; D001641:Bicuspid; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007284:Inlays / Q000379:methods*; D033081:Shear Strength; D013718:Tensile Strength; D019553:Tooth, Nonvital
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D003776:Dental Porcelain