Emerging applications of anticytokine vaccines.
Most chronic inflammatory diseases have an unknown etiology but all involve cytokine cascade in their development. Several cytokines have been identified as major targets in various autoimmune diseases, resulting in the development of monoclonal antibodies against those cytokines. Even if monoclonal antibodies are indeed efficient, passive immunotherapies present some disadvantages and are expensive. To counter this, several strategies have been developed, including active immunotherapy, based on vaccination principles. The aim of such a strategy is to induce a B-cell response and to obtain autoantibodies able to neutralize the interaction of the self-cytokine to its receptor. Efficient vaccines have to induce a short-term response to avoid permanent inhibition of a given cytokine. This review focuses on the different therapeutic vaccination strategies with cytokines in preclinical studies; the benefit-risk ratio of such a strategy and the present development of clinical trials in some autoimmune diseases are also discussed.
Delavallée
Laure
L
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) ERI-18, EA4222, Université Paris 13, Physiopathologie et Biothérapies de la Polyarthrite Rhumatoïde, 74 rue Marcel Cachin, 93017 Bobigny Cedex, France. laure.delavallee@univ-paris13.fr
Assier
Eric
E
Semerano
Luca
L
Bessis
Natacha
N
Boissier
Marie-Christophe
MC
D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D016207:Cytokines; D014612:Vaccines