title: The impact of lymph node involvement on survival in patients with papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prognostic role of lymph node metastases in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma remains controversial. We investigated impact of lymph node involvement on survival in patients with well-differentiated thyroid cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We queried the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry for patients diagnosed with well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma between 1988 and 2003. Cases were stratified by age (<45 vs >/=45 years) and pathology (papillary/follicular). Four separate Cox regression models were developed to test the effects of demographic and clinical covariates on survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 33,088 patients. 30,504 patients (49% >/=45 years) had papillary carcinoma and 2,584 patients (55% >/=45 years) had follicular carcinoma. Age affected survival in all models (P < .001). In patients with papillary carcinoma <45 years, lymph node disease did not influence survival (P = .535), whereas in patients >/=45 years, lymph node involvement was associated with 46% increased risk of death (P < .001). In patients with follicular carcinoma, lymph node involvement conferred increased risk of death in both age groups (P </= .002). Effects of other covariates varied between models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cervical lymph node metastases conferred independent risk in all patients with follicular carcinoma and in those patients with papillary carcinoma aged >/=45 years, but did not affect survival in patients with papillary carcinoma <45 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tenn, USA.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zaydfudim
authors.forename: Irene D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Feurer
authors.forename: Marie R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Phay
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D000231:Adenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018426:SEER Program; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D014481:United States