title: An effective automated nutrition screen for hospitalized patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Screening for malnutrition-related complications (MRCs) in hospitalized patients would identify those requiring nutritional intervention and improve resource allocation. Brugler's simplified screening tool (MRCS) ranks the binary pattern of six readily available variables (categorical cutoff values for serum albumin [<31.5 g/L], lymphocyte count [<1.202 x 10(9)/L], and hemoglobin [<99.5 g/L], the presence of high-risk illness, poor nutritional intake and the presence of a wound) to enable automated computerized screening. This study compared the MRCS with a simpler Automated Nutrition Score (ANS; the number of abnormal results from the six variables) and ANS(B) (the number of abnormal results from the three blood measurements) with the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) for prediction of complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 148 consecutive surgical patients, 143 underwent the SGA on admission. Morbidity was prospectively recorded. The six variables of the MRCS were tabulated and correlated with the frequency of complications. Receiver operating characteristic analysis compared the MRCS with the SGA, ANS, and ANS(B).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two patients had moderate to severe complications, a pretest probability of 15.3%. Patients stratified as higher risk by the SGA, ANS(B), and ANS had post-test probabilities of complications of 28.7%, 37.8%, and 29.3%, respectively. However, a clinically useful prediction of low risk (post-test probability of 1.5%) was demonstrated when the ANS was <or=1. Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that the predictability of complications increased with SGA < ANS(B) < ANS < MRCS to an area under the curve of 0.78 (confidence interval 0.68-0.88).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MRCS was more predictive of postoperative complications than the SGA. ANS scores are useful tools at the bedside and their utility should also be tested in non-surgical patient groups.
authors.affiliation: University of Sydney, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia. rsmith@med.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: Ross C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ledgard
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Doig
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chesher
authors.forename: Sarah F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001331:Automation; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult