title: Evaluation of larvicidal and nymphicidal potential of plant extracts against Anopheles subpictus Grassi, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Aphis gossypii Glover.
abstract: The acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol extracts of peel and leaf extracts of Citrus sinensis, Ocimum canum, Ocimum sanctum and Rhinacanthus nasutus were tested against fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, Anopheles subpictus Grassi, Japanese encephalitis vector, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) and feeding deterrence to nymphs of cotton pest, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae). The larval and nymph mortality were observed after 24 h of exposure. All extracts showed moderate larvicidal and nymphicidal effects; however, the highest mortality was found in peel chloroform extract of C. sinensis, leaf ethyl acetate extracts of O. canum and O. sanctum and leaf chloroform extract of R. nasutus against the larvae of A. subpictus (LC(50) = 58.25, 88.15, 21.67 and 40.46 ppm; LC(90) = 298.31, 528.70, 98.34 and 267.20 ppm), peel methanol extract of C. sinensis, leaf methanol extract of O. canum, ethyl acetate extracts of O. sanctum and R. nasutus against the larvae of C. tritaeniorhynchus (LC(50) = 38.15, 72.40, 109.12 and 39.32 ppm; LC(90) = 184.67, 268.93, 646.62 and 176.39 ppm), peel hexane extract of C. sinensis, leaf methanol extracts of O. canum and R. nasutus and leaf ethyl acetate extract of O. sanctum against the nymph of A. gossypii (LC(50) = 162.89, 80.99, 73.27 and 130.19 ppm; LC(90) = 595.40, 293.33, 338.74 and 450.90 ppm), respectively. These results suggest that the peel methanol extracts of C. sinensis and O. canum, ethyl acetate leaf extract of O. sanctum and leaf chloroform and ethyl acetate extract of R. nasutus have the potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of the A. subpictus, C. tritaeniorhynchus and A. gossypii.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Bioactive Natural Products, P.G & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam 632 509, Vellore District, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bagavan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kamaraj
authors.forename: A Abdul
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rahuman
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elango
authors.forename: A Abduz
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zahir
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pandiyan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects*; D001042:Aphids / Q000187:drug effects*; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000737:chemistry; D003465:Culex / Q000187:drug effects*; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D031339:Ocimum / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D007302:Insect Repellents; D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts