title: Voice restoration after total laryngectomy using provox 2 (generation II) prosthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Voice restoration after total laryngectomy is of outmost importance for patient and a therapeutic challenge for the surgeon and speech pathologist. Among various rehabilitation methods prosthetic voice yields nowadays the best results.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 12 patients underwent laryngectomy at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital, Patras, Greece, between February 2006 and May 2007. All patients had advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Eight patients had primary voice prosthesis inserted and four patients had a tracheo-esophageal puncture (TEP) carried out as a secondary procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the patients (80%) from both the primary insertion or the secondary insertion group, developed good and understood speech using the prosthesis. No significant difference in quality of speech was found between the two subgroups. Four patients required replacement of the prosthesis at intervals of 8 and 10 months after insertion, because of salivary leakage and granulation formation around the fistula, while 3 patients developed a mild mucositis and tracheitis due to postoperative radiotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TEP puncture and prosthesis insertion is a relatively simple, safe and effective surgical procedure for voice restoration after laryngectomy. Provox 2 (generation II) voice prosthesis is a new and useful modified device that has overcome the previous prosthesis drawbacks, is well tolerated by the patients and can be easily changed via the front-loading technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Patras, School of Medicine, Patras, Greece. nmastr@otenet.gr
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Mastronikolis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stathas
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Papadas
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spyropoulos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naxakis
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Goumas
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy; D007831:Larynx, Artificial; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D013060:Speech