title: Assessing the efficacy of Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores per gram of faeces to control Haemonchus contortus larvae.
abstract: The aims were (a) to quantify the number of Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores per gram of faeces (CPG) recovered from sheep administered with different oral doses and, (b) to describe the relationship between CPG and eggs per gram of faeces (EPG) on the efficacy to reduce Haemonchus contortus infective larvae. Three doses of chlamydospores per kg BW were orally administered during seven days: (T1) non treated control group, (T2) 1 x 10(6), (T3) 2.5 x 10(6) and (T4) 5 x 10(6). Three lambs, infected with H. contortus, were used per group. Faeces were obtained from the rectum of each lamb during the fungal administration period (days 0-6) and for six days after that period. Four coproculture replicates were made from each animal in days 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10. A higher chlamydospore dose produced higher CPG in faeces (p < 0.05), but a clear dose dependent effect was not found either in the larvae reduction or in the CPG:EPG ratio. When ratios were re-analyzed, independently of the treatment groups of origin, a better efficacy was obtained with a ratio from 5 to 10 CPG:EPG and a higher ratio (> 10 per egg) showed a lower reduction efficacy (p < 0.05). The binomial analysis showed that for each unit of increment in CPG:EPG ratio there was a reduction of larvae number until a point (between 5 and 10 CPG:EPG) where no further reduction was detected. The surface response test indicated that the number of larvae was reduced by CPG until possible saturation. The highest CPG:EPG ratios did not necessarily improve efficacy of D. flagrans.
authors.affiliation: Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán. Carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil (km 15.5), Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico. nojedar@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Nadia Florencia
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Ojeda-Robertos
authors.forename: Juan Felipe de Jesus
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Torres-Acosta
authors.forename: Armando Jacinto
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Caballero
authors.forename: Armín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayala-Burgos
authors.forename: Ligia Amira
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cob-Galera
authors.forename: Carlos Alfredo
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sandoval-Castro
authors.forename: Roberto Carlos
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Barrientos-Medina
authors.forename: Pedro Mendoza
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: de Gives
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000502:physiology*; D006188:Haemonchiasis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000382:microbiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000502:physiology*