title: Diprosopus, craniorachischisis, arthrogryposis, and other associated anomalies in a stillborn lamb.
abstract: Congenital malformations with multiple anomalies have been described infrequently in the veterinary literature. A stillborn male crossbred lamb with diprosopus, craniorachischisis, and arthrogryposis was examined macroscopically and histopathologically in this study. The left head was smaller than the right head. Micrencephaly, agnathia, and a rudimentary tongue, which was adherent to the palate, were present in the left head. Micrencephaly, brachygnathia superior, and cleft palate were present in the right head. Cerebellar agenesis and spinal cord hypoplasia were observed. The cerebrums and the spinal cord were covered with a tapering membranous structure. Neural and dermal tissues were noted to intervene upon microscopic examination of this structure. Disorganization of neurons was observed in both cerebrums, though it was more severe in the left one. This case demonstrates many congenital defects occurring together in a lamb.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Turkey.
authors.forename: Cihan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaçar
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: Ismet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takçi
authors.forename: Kutlay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gürbulak
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozen
authors.forename: Musa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karaman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000473:pathology; D050497:Stillbirth