Cell-specific and concentration-dependent actions of interleukin-1 in acute brain inflammation.
Interleukin (IL)-1 is a pivotal pro-inflammatory cytokine and an important mediator of both acute and chronic central nervous system (CNS) injuries. Despite intense research in CNS IL-1 biology over the past two decades, its precise mechanism of action in inflammatory responses to acute brain disorders remains largely unknown. In particular, much effort has been focussed on using in vitro approaches to better understand the cellular and signalling mechanisms of actions of IL-1, yet some discrepancies in the literature regarding the effects produced by IL-1beta in in vitro paradigms of injury still exist, particularly as to whether IL-1 exerts neurotoxic or neuroprotective effects. Here we aim to review the cell-specific and concentration-dependent actions of IL-1 in brain cells, to depict the mechanism by which this cytokine induces neurotoxicity or neuroprotection in acute brain injury.
Pinteaux
Emmanuel
E
Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom. emmanuel.pinteaux@manchester.ac.uk
Trotter
Paula
P
Simi
Anastasia
A
D000818:Animals; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
D007375:Interleukin-1; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents