Endocrine functions of bone in mineral metabolism regulation.
Given the dramatic increase in skeletal size during growth, the need to preserve skeletal mass during adulthood, and the large capacity of bone to store calcium and phosphate, juxtaposed with the essential role of phosphate in energy metabolism and the adverse effects of hyperphosphatemia, it is not surprising that a complex systems biology has evolved that permits cross-talk between bone and other organs to adjust phosphate balance and bone mineralization in response to changing physiological requirements. This review examines the newly discovered signaling pathways involved in the endocrine functions of bone, such as those mediated by the phosphaturic and 1,25(OH)2D-regulating hormone FGF23, and the broader systemic effects associated with abnormalities of calcium and phosphate homeostasis.
Quarles
L Darryl
LD
The Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA. dquarles@kumc.edu
D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D054559:Hyperphosphatemia / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism
C000717427:FGF23 protein, human; D010710:Phosphates; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium