title: Validation of the Activities of Community Transportation model for individuals with cognitive impairments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a theoretical, functional model of community navigation for individuals with cognitive impairments: the Activities of Community Transportation (ACTs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Iterative design using qualitative methods (i.e. document review, focus groups and observations). Four agencies providing travel training to adults with cognitive impairments in the USA participated in the validation study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A thorough document review and series of focus groups led to the development of a comprehensive model (ACTs Wheels) delineating the requisite steps and skills for community navigation. The model was validated and updated based on observations of 395 actual trips by travellers with navigational challenges from the four participating agencies. Results revealed that the 'ACTs Wheel' models were complete and comprehensive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 'ACTs Wheels' represent a comprehensive model of the steps needed to navigate to destinations using paratransit and fixed-route public transportation systems for travellers with cognitive impairments. Suggestions are made for future investigations of community transportation for this population.
authors.affiliation: Communication Disorders and Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA. mckay@uoregon.edu
authors.forename: McKay Moore
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sohlberg
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fickas
authors.forename: Rik
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lemoncello
authors.forename: Pei-Fang
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D036301:Qualitative Research; D014186:Transportation; D014481:United States