title: Detection of post-menopausal women with low bone mineral density and elevated biochemical markers of bone turnover by panoramic radiographs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The detection of an eroded mandibular cortex on panoramic radiographs and questionnaire-based screening tools show similar diagnostic efficacies for identifying osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. We evaluated whether both tools also have similar diagnostic performances in identifying women with osteoporosis and elevated biochemical markers of bone turnover who have a high risk of fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urinary N-telopeptide cross-links of type I collagen (NTx) (corrected for creatinine) and serum levels of total non-bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured in 99 post-menopausal women aged 44-70 years (mean +/- standard deviation (SD), 54.6 +/- 5.2 years) who underwent bone mineral density (BMD) assessment and panoramic radiography. BMD was measured at the lumbar spine and femoral neck using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The Female Osteoporosis Self-assessment Tool for Asia (FOSTA), which is based on age and weight, was used as the questionnaire-based screening tool. Osteoporosis was defined as a BMD T-score of -2.5 or less at either the lumbar spine or the femoral neck.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary NTx and serum ALP were significantly associated with cortical erosion, but not with the FOSTA. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve for identifying participants with osteoporosis were 0.784 for FOSTA and 0.827 for the detection of cortical erosion, and for identifying participants with osteoporosis and elevated urinary NTx they were 0.700 for FOSTA and 0.807 for the detection of cortical erosion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that panoramic radiography is superior to questionnaire-based screening for identifying women who are at high risk of fracture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan, akiro@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suei
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bollen
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000652:urine; D012372:ROC Curve; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D010455:Peptides; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase