title: Inversion of melatonin circadian rhythm in chronic alcoholic patients during withdrawal: preliminary study on seven patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The inversion of melatonin circadian rhythm secretion in some alcoholics during both intake and acute withdrawal has been widely reported. In the same way, what happens to this inversion when these patients are in long-term withdrawal is not known. To document this abnormality in alcoholics after withdrawal we investigated melatonin secretion observed during chronic alcoholization and after withdrawal.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6SM) (6SM/creatinine ratio), main metabolite of the hormone, in two fractions, one diurnal and the other nocturnal, in seven alcohol-dependent patients presenting with this abnormality during alcoholization at two times: in acute withdrawal phase (under benzodiazepines) and 15 days after beginning of withdrawal (free of any psychotropic treatment).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results show that this reversed rhythm of melatonin secretion as seen by the diurnal excretion of 6SM (6SM/creatinine ratio) persists during acute withdrawal in more than half of the patients and is still present 15 days after withdrawal in three patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is remarkable that the inversion of the melatonin rhythms gets corrected in four out of seven patients after withdrawal. But, the circadian disorganization of melatonin secretion in three patients could underline a desynchronization in some alcoholic patients and may indicate more widespread circadian temporal structure disturbances in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Addictology, University Hospital of Lille, Lille, France.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Danel
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cottencin
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tisserand
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Touitou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D008875:Middle Aged; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D001569:Benzodiazepines; C054513:6-sulfatoxymelatonin; D003404:Creatinine; D008550:Melatonin