Modern management of chylous leak following head and neck surgery: a discussion of percutaneous lymphangiography-guided cannulation and embolization of the thoracic duct.
High-output chylous leak beyond 5 to 7 days of conservative medical treatment should be treated promptly to avoid the risk for nutritional and imunologic depletion. Given the effectiveness and low morbidity of this minimally invasive treatment, this is a reasonable first option before surgical repair of thoracic duct leak not responsive to conservative medical treatment.
Scorza
Leslie B
LB
Department of Radiology, Penn State Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Goldstein
Bradley J
BJ
Mahraj
Rickhesvar P
RP
D002404:Catheterization; D002913:Chyle; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005402:Fistula / Q000628:therapy*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008220:Lymphography; D013897:Thoracic Duct / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed