title: Interleukin 17-producing T helper cells in alloimmunity.
abstract: Interleukin (IL) 17 is a proinflammatory cytokine already known to play a defense role against microbes and a pathogenic role in a number of autoimmune diseases. Although IL-17 can be produced by a variety of cells including neutrophils, CD8+, NK, and gamma-delta T cells, the concept of IL-17-secreting CD4+ T helper cells (Th17), distinct from Th1 and Th2, recently emerged. Herein, we discuss arguments in favor of a Th17-mediated alternative pathway of allograft rejection based on clinical and experimental observations drawn from the literature. We also discuss the complex interplays among regulatory T cells and Th17 cells in the allogeneic context.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Immunology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium. fbenghia@ulb.ac.be
authors.forename: Fleur Samantha
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Benghiat
authors.forename: Louis Marie
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Charbonnier
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vokaer
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Wilde
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Le Moine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000276:immunology; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology; D014181:Transplantation Immunology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000276:immunology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D020381:Interleukin-17; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors