title: Extraction of bitumen, crude oil and its products from tar sand and contaminated sandy soil under effect of ultrasound.
abstract: In the present paper, the kinetics of the water extraction of bitumen from tar sand and crude oil or residual fuel oil from model contaminated soils under the effect of ultrasound is studied. The influence of process temperature, ultrasound power, the nature, and properties of the components of heterogeneous mixtures being separated, and the concentration of added alkaline reagents on the rate and degree of oil recovery is investigated. A functional form of the dependencies of separation efficiency on the mean size of solid particles and the temperature of a working medium is found. Optimum concentrations of reagents in the process solution are determined. It is shown that the spent solution of sodium silicate can be multiply used for separation, its reuse even speeding up the yield of oil in the initial period. Taking into account obtained results, a multipurpose pilot plant with a flow-type reactor for ultrasonic extraction of petroleum and its products from contaminated soils was manufactured and tested. During tests, the purification of sandy soil contaminated with residual fuel oil was carried out which verified the results of laboratory studies.
authors.affiliation: Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation. lutt@igic.ras.ru
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Abramov
authors.forename: V O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Abramov
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Myasnikov
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mullakaev
mesh_terms: D003033:Coal Tar / Q000737:chemistry*; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007700:Kinetics; D010578:Petroleum; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D010578:Petroleum; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D003033:Coal Tar; C006647:asphalt