title: In hospital outcome of patients undergoing coronary endarterectomy: comparison between off-pump vs on pump CABG.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Due to advancement of non-surgical methods of coronary revascularization the patients referred for surgery have extensive and complex coronary anatomy. Patients with diffuse atheromatous coronary artery disease required coronary artery reconstruction or coronary endarterectomy (CE). Coronary endarterectomy on beating heart needs skill and better surgical technique. Coronary endarterectomy along with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) done on beating heart is compared with coronary endarterectomy done by using conventional CABG technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven hundred and ninety five consecutive patients underwent CABG from January 2006 to March 2007 in a prospective randomized trial at cardiac surgery department, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore; out of these 115 patients underwent coronary endarterectomy (CE) and were included in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coronary artery bypass grafting was performed in 115 patients. Seventy two (62.6%) were in group A on-pump and 43 (37.39%) were in group B off-pump. Mean age in group A was 55.68 +/- 1.06 and 52.63 +/- 1.40 in group B. Sixty six male and 6 female were included in group A, 40 male and 3 female patients were in group B. In-hospital mortality among patients undergoing CABG was 5.6 % in on-pump group and 2.3 % in off-pump group (p = 0.649), the duration of post-operative mechanical ventilation in on-pump was 6.78 +/- 9.34 hours and 5 +/- 4.0 hours in off-pump group (p = 0.060), 66.7% patients in on-pump and 58.1% patients in off-pump group required blood transfusions, Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) was required in 5.6% of the patients in on-pump group. Other factors included, smoking 26.4% in on-pump and 41.9% in off-pump group (p = 0.01), Intensive care unit (ICU) stay was statistically significant 4 +/- 3 in on-pump group and 4 +/- 2 in off-pump group (p = 0.02), and drain in on-pump group was 455 +/- 208 ml and 540 +/- 370 ml in off-pump group (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronary endarterectomy (CE) has higher post-operative morbidity and mortality but the post-operative outcome after the procedure on either technique is comparable and CE is feasible on off-pump technique as well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore.
authors.forename: Imran
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghaffar
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shahbaz
authors.forename: Waqas
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sami
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seher
authors.forename: Fazal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wahab
authors.forename: Jawad Sajid
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004691:Endarterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome