Secretion of total solids (solutes) in the saliva of long-term tobacco users.
BACKGROUND
It is generally believed that repeated exposure of a receptor to a stimulus results in inactivation (suppression or adaptation) of the receptor. Most of the methods of tobacco use are linked to the oral cavity where the taste receptors, a primary site for stimulation of salivary secretion, are constantly exposed to tobacco for long time. The present study was designed to document changes in salivary concentration of total solids in response to this effect in chronic tobacco users, if any.


METHODS
Subjects of the study were divided into smokers, pan (tobacco-betel-lime quid) chewers, niswar (moist oral snuff) dippers and non tobacco users as controls. The saliva of each subject was collected under resting condition and following application of crude nicotine and citric acid solutions to the tip of his tongue.


RESULTS
After stimulation with nicotine all groups showed a decrease in the total solids concentration but the decrease was not significant in any group. After stimulation with citric acid, further decrease was seen in all groups but it was also insignificant statistically.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that the total solids concentration decreases with the increase in salivary flow rates (and vice versa) in long-term tobacco users, salivary reflex is not adversely affected by long-term use of tobacco and this observation is not much different from that in non users.
Khan
Ghulam Jillani
GJ
Department of Physiology, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan. gjillanikhan@yahoo.com
Mahmood
Rashid
R
Ihtesham-ul-Haq
Salah-ud-Din
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000378:metabolism*
D019343:Citric Acid; D009538:Nicotine