title: Melioidosis.
abstract: Melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease in India acquired through percutaneous inoculation or contaminated water. Known risk factors include diabetes mellitus, renal failure, cirrhosis, and malignancy. Melioidosis presents with a febrile illness, with protean manifestations ranging from septicemia to localized abscess formation. We present the case of a 42-year-old male from a non-endemic region who presented with fever of 2 months duration, sepsis, persistent pneumonia, right hip joint pain and hepatic and splenic abscesses. Aspiration of the joint and soft tissue fluid collection and subsequent culture yielded gram negative bacilli identified as Burkholderia pseudomallei. The epidemiology, clinical features, and laboratory diagnosis of this rare infection and its treatment is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, St. Johns Medical College and Hospital, St. Johns National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: Sushmitha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Jayanthi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Savio
authors.forename: Cecil Reuben
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Rekha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pradeep
authors.forename: Ratnamala
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Choudhary
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Shet
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pais
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016957:Burkholderia pseudomallei; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008554:Melioidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D002442:Ceftazidime