title: A method for identification of vocal fold lamina propria fibroblasts in culture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vocal fold biology research is emerging as a vital area of study in laryngology. One impediment is the lack of both commercially available vocal fold lamina propria fibroblasts and a constitutively expressed specific marker for fibroblasts. We present an in vitro technique that allows for identification of fibroblasts by ruling out the possibility of the cells belonging to other lineages that are found in vocal fold tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  An in vitro study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two primary vocal fold fibroblast cell lines and one immortalized vocal fold fibroblast cell line were cultured. Immunohistologic staining for alpha-actinin, cytokeratin 19, and von Willebrand factor was completed for the three fibroblast lines in addition to skeletal, endothelial, and epithelial cell lines. Cell type was differentiated by positive staining for alpha-actinin, cytokeratin 19, and von Willebrand factor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fibroblast cultures did not express alpha-actinin, cytokeratin 19, and von Willebrand factor, whereas skeletal muscle, endothelial, and epithelial cultured cells expressed each respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This simple rule-out methodology for fibroblast confirmation is an important step when establishing cell culture, and it establishes sound internal validity particularly in the early stages of this emerging area of study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin Madison, Madison, WI, USA. thibeault@surgery.wisc.edu
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Thibeault
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bartley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000166:cytology*