title: Comparison of survival between anatomic and non-anatomic liver resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: significance of surgical margin in non-anatomic resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Anatomic resection, i.e., systematic removal of a liver segment confined by portal branches, is theoretically effective in eradicating intrahepatic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The procedure may reduce tumour recurrence and enhance survival of HCC patients. To determine the significance of anatomic resection for HCC patients, we retrospectively conducted a comparative analysis between anatomic (AR) and non-anatomic liver resection (NAR) in 113 Japanese HCC patients with a solitary tumour, a tumour located within one segment, absence or invasion of distal to second order branches of the portal vein, and absence or invasion of peripheral branches of the hepatic vein.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were divided into two groups, AR group (n = 49) and NAR group (n = 64).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of liver damage Grade B in the NAR group was significantly greater than in the AR group (p < 0.05). Tumour-free and overall survival following liver resection was not significantly different between AR and NAR groups. In the NAR group, tumour-free and overall survival in patients with tumour exposure at the surgical margin was significantly lower than with a surgical margin greater than 0 mm (not exposed) (p < 0.05). Survival between the AR and NAR groups without tumour exposure at the surgical margin was similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anatomic resection is the theoretical aim. In HCC patients with impaired liver functions, limited liver resection without tumour exposure may provide longer tumour-free and overall survival.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. a-nanasm@net.nagasaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nanashima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sumida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagasaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tobinaga
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuoka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hidaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasutake
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagayasu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001201:Ascites / Q000453:epidemiology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate