title: Corneal endothelial dysfunction associated with amantadine toxicity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe bilateral corneal endothelial dysfunction in a patient with Parkinson disease who was treated with long-term amantadine.
  
  
  METHODS
  We employed an A-B-A-B single-subject research design that included clinical history, clinical findings, photographic images, and specular microscopic findings of ocular changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 52-year-old woman with Parkinson disease who had taken amantadine for 6 years had bilateral corneal edema for 2 months at baseline. After cessation of amantadine, the edema resolved, and the endothelial cell densities were <or=600/mm. Corneal edema recurred when the administration of amantadine was resumed. Therefore, amantadine was permanently discontinued and the cornea cleared again.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amantadine can cause reversible corneal edema but can irreversibly reduce the density of endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Cheol
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Mee Kum
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Ryang
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Wee
authors.forename: Jin Hak
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000547:Amantadine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002452:Cell Count; D015715:Corneal Edema / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D000547:Amantadine