title: Enhanced serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta1 in simple fatty liver: is it really benign?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inside the spectrum of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, simple fatty liver is generally thought of as being "non progressive", differently from non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which increases in severity due to the presence of apoptosis/inflammation and fibrosis. The "benignity" of fatty liver is widely accepted but conceptually difficult to maintain because the mechanisms underlying this entity are the same ones that determine the more severe form.Findings provide evidence that iron overload is associated with increased liver damage and collagen deposition. Transforming growth factor-beta1 released by hepatic stellate cells during chronic liver injury plays a critical role in liver apoptosis and fibrogenesis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To verify whether both the forms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease were really dissimilar, evaluating the serum profile of two key parameters, indexes of severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 123 patients (57 females) participated, forming three groups: forty five patients with fatty liver, 42 patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and 36 with chronic hepatitis C. All had a biopsy-proven diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta1 and ferritin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta1 were noticed in patients suffering from both fatty liver and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, 129.1 (45.4) versus 116.8 (42.2) ng/mL, P = 0.2; they were significantly superior to those of chronic hepatitis C patients 87.5 (39.5) ng/mL, P < 0.001. Ferritin levels were on average above normal values and similar in the three groups (P = 0.9), also when adjusted for gender (P = 0.5) and age (P = 0.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No difference between serum concentrations of transforming growth factor-beta1 and ferritin in fatty liver and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis suggests that these forms share more common aspects, regarding their progression, than previously thought.
authors.affiliation: Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Naples, Italy. tarantin@unina.it
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tarantino
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Conca
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riccio
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarantino
authors.forename: Matteo N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Di Minno
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chianese
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pasanisi
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Contaldo
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scopacasa
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Capone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018450:Disease Progression; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood; D055166:Hepatic Stellate Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D005293:Ferritins