title: Migraine disability awareness campaign in Asia: migraine assessment for prophylaxis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to survey the headache diagnoses and consequences among outpatients attending neurological services in 8 Asian countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  This survey recruited patients who consulted neurologists for the first time with the chief complaint of headache. Patients suffering from headaches for 15 or more days per month were excluded. Patients answered a self-administered questionnaire, and their physicians independently completed a separate questionnaire. In this study, the migraine diagnosis given by the neurologists was used for analysis. The headache symptoms collected in the physician questionnaire were based on the diagnostic criteria of migraine proposed by the International Classification of Headache Disorders, second edition (ICHD-2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2782 patients (72% females; mean age 38.1 15.1 years) finished the study.Of them, 66.6% of patients were diagnosed by the neurologists to have migraine, ranging from 50.9% to 85.8% across different countries.Taken as a group, 41.4% of those patients diagnosed with migraine had not been previously diagnosed to have migraine prior to this consultation. On average, patients with migraine had 4.9 severe headaches per month with 65% of patients missing school,work, or household chores. Most (87.5%) patients with migraine took medications for acute treatment. Thirty-six percent of the patients had at least one emergency room consultation within one year. Only 29.2% were on prophylactic medications. Neurologists recommended pharmacological prophylaxis in 68.2% of patients not on preventive treatment. In comparison, migraine prevalence was the highest with ICHD-2 "any migraine" (ie, migraine with or without migraine and probable migraine) (73.3%) followed by neurologist-diagnosed migraine (66.6%) and ICHD-2 "strict migraine" (ie, migraine with or without aura only) (51.3%). About 88.6% patients with neurologist-diagnosed migraine fulfilled ICHD-2 any migraine but only 67.1% fulfilled the criteria of ICHD-2 strict migraine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Migraine is the most common headache diagnosis in neurological services in Asia. The prevalence of migraine was higher in countries with higher referral rates of patients to neurological services. Migraine remains underdiagnosed and under-treated in this region even though a high disability was found in patients with migraine. Probable migraine was adopted into the migraine diagnostic spectrum by neurologists in this study.
authors.affiliation: Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shuu-Jiun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chin-Sang
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Siwaporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chankrachang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ravishankar
authors.forename: Julia Shahnaz
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Merican
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Salazar
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Siow
authors.forename: Raymond Tak-Fai
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Kammant
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Phanthumchinda
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009462:Neurology / Q000592:standards; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires