title: Hepatitis B reactivation in allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation setting: a pediatric experience.
abstract: Reactivation of HBV is a well known complication in patients undergoing HSCT. Lamivudine treatment appears to prevent hepatitis B virus reactivation and to decrease the mortality in at risk HSCT patients. We describe HBV reactivation occurred in three allogeneic HSCT pediatric patients coming from Eastern Europe, one of whom was successfully treated with lamivudine. Our experience confirms that HBV-DNA may persist as intra-hepatic infection or in extra-hepatic sites and that HBV reactivation may appear during immunodepression. Careful and complete screening for HBV markers is mandatory before HSCT, especially in children coming from countries at risk for HBV. Furthermore, a treatment with lamivudine could also represent an efficacious prophylaxis in pediatric patients to avoid HBV reactivation and to decrease the development of severe hepatic disease.
authors.affiliation: Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Hematology and Oncology, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faraci
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cappelli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lanino
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morreale
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fioredda
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Giudice
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giacchino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014775:Virus Activation
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D019259:Lamivudine