title: [Lower incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus with changes in lifestyle: clues from World War II].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relation between diabetes and food consumption on a population level.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, descriptive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from the archives of the Public Health Service of Amsterdam and the diabetes aftercare outpatient clinic ('Diabetes Nazorg') in Utrecht, the Netherlands, to determine the incidence of diabetes between 1940 and 1950. The number of outpatient visits for newly-diagnosed diabetes in Amsterdam and Utrecht were used to investigate whether the incidence of diabetes decreased during World War II, when food was scarce.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1940 and 1945 there was a considerable decrease in the incidence of diabetes in the Netherlands. The number of outpatient consultations at the Public Health Service of Amsterdam for newly-diagnosed diabetes declined from 140 in 1940 (18% of the total number of consultations) to only 3 in 1940 (2%). This figure rose to 112 (21%) in 1949.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The marked decrease in the number of new cases of diabetes during the last years ofWorld War II supports the hypothesis that shortage of food induced a decrease in the incidence of type 2 diabetes in The Netherlands.
authors.affiliation: Academisch Medisch Centrum/Universiteit van Amsterdam, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, F4-257, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam. j.hermanides@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hermanides
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Belqhazi
authors.forename: R P J
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Michels
authors.forename: J B L
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
mesh_terms: D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005523:Food Supply / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008019:Life Style; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D047789:World War II