title: The coding-synonymous polymorphism rs1045280 (Ser280Ser) in beta-arrestin 2 (ARRB2) gene is associated with tardive dyskinesia in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a severe and potentially irreversible adverse effect of long-term antipsychotic treatment. Typical antipsychotics are commonly binding to the dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), but the occurrence of antipsychotic-induced TD is rather delayed; therefore, the development of TD may be associated with mediators or signalling complexes behind DRD2, such as beta-arrestin 2 (ARRB2), an important mediator between DRD2 and serine-threonine protein kinase (AKT) signal cascade.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study to evaluate the association between rs1045280 (Ser280Ser) and antipsychotic-induced TD was performed amongst 381 patients (TD/non-TD = 228/153).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant difference in the genotype distribution between TD and non-TD groups (P = 0.025); furthermore, the allelic analysis indicated that patients with T allele had increased risk of TD occurrence (OR(T) = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.14-2.19, P = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting a positive association between the SNP rs1045280 and TD in schizophrenic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: M-L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: T-T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y-M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: C-C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: D-L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: I-C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019390:Arrestins / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D013624:Taiwan; D000071560:beta-Arrestin 2; D000071557:beta-Arrestins
chemical_list: C000605254:ARRB2 protein, human; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D019390:Arrestins; D005819:Genetic Markers; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D000071560:beta-Arrestin 2; D000071557:beta-Arrestins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt