title: Canadian quality indicators for percutaneous coronary interventions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Quantifying adherence to quality indicators can serve as a direct measure of quality of care and provide the foundation for quality improvement. However, quality indicators for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have not been developed in Canada.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a set of quality and outcome indicators for PCI that can be used across Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 12-member national expert panel was selected to represent practice in different regions of Canada. Potential quality indicators were identified by a detailed search of published guidelines, randomized trials and outcomes studies. A two-step modified Delphi process was employed with an initial screening round of indicator ratings, followed by a national quality indicator panel meeting, and follow-up discussions to obtain consensus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 26 indicators including six structure indicators, nine process indicators, and 11 outcomes indicators were identified by the national expert panel to be representative of high quality of care for PCI. Pharmacological indicators included prescription of acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel and statin therapy as adjunctive therapy for PCI. Nonpharmacological process indicators included minimal procedure volumes, door-to-balloon time in primary PCI, prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy and selected patient education counselling instructions. Outcome indicators included death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization and vascular access complications after PCI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A new set of PCI quality indicators for use in the Canadian health care system was developed. The widespread adoption and implementation of PCI quality indicators in clinical practice will facilitate the identification of practice gaps to enable quality improvement efforts and to optimize the outcomes of patients undergoing PCI throughout Canada.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ontario, Canada. dennis.ko@ices.on.ca
authors.forename: Dennis T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Harindra C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wijeysundera
authors.forename: Xiaofu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: Jack V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000401:mortality / Q000592:standards*; D019985:Benchmarking; D002170:Canada; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D003697:Delphi Technique; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000592:standards; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D011859:Radiography; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome