title: Prenatal diagnosis of annular pancreas: reliability of the double bubble sign with periduodenal hyperechogenic band.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the power of prenatal 2-D ultrasound examination in the 2nd trimester as a method of choice for accurate diagnosis of annular pancreas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Co-incidence of the double bubble sign (often accompanying gastroduodenal dilatation) together with a hyperechogenic band around the duodenum (corresponding with the tissue of annular pancreas) was used as a diagnostic criterion. Findings from postnatal surgery served for verification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 7,897 screened pregnancies, annular pancreas was proven in the cases where both signs were present, but never without the hyperechogenic band (N(1) = 3, N(2) = 3, p < or = 0.05). Sensitivity and specificity were 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More multicentric studies are required to test this approach. The following diagnostic strategy is reasonable at the present time: when the double bubble sign is discovered, always suspect annular pancreas and look for the second sign: hyperechogenic bands around the duodenum. Also look for known associated anomalies, and vice versa, if any of associated anomalies are noted, also search specifically for the signs of annular pancreas.
authors.affiliation: P.J. Safarik University, Kosice, Slovak Republic. dankovcik@mail.pvt.sk
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dankovcik
authors.forename: Jan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Jirasek
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kucera
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feyereisl
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Radonak
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dudas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004380:Duodenal Obstruction / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening; D010179:Pancreas / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000592:standards*