title: A non-invasive technique to monitor wakefulness during electrophysiologic recording experiments in primates.
abstract: Although the state of wakefulness has an impact on many physiological parameters, this variable is seldom controlled for in in vivo experiments, because the existing techniques to identify periods of wakefulness are laborious and difficult to implement. We here report on a simple non-invasive technique to achieve this goal, using the analysis of video material, collected along with the electrophysiologic data, to analyze eyelid movements. The technique was applied to recordings in non-human primates, and allowed us to automatically identify periods during which the subject has its eyes open. A comparison with frontal electroencephalographic records confirmed that such periods corresponded to wakefulness.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sensorimotor Systems, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, 954 Gatewood Road, NE Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. odarbin@emory.edu <odarbin@emory.edu>
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Darbin
authors.forename: Otis
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Smart
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wichmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011323:Primates / Q000502:physiology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D014741:Video Recording / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology