Bladder cancer develops 6 years earlier in current smokers: analysis of bladder cancer registry data collected by the cancer registration committee of the Japanese Urological Association.
OBJECTIVE
It is generally recognized that cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for bladder cancer. The present study was undertaken to examine the relationships between smoking history of bladder cancer patients and the age of onset of bladder cancer and tumor characteristics.


METHODS
The present study examined the data for 5959 cases (4728 males and 1231 females) collected in the bladder cancer database of the Japanese Urological Association from 1999 to 2001. Patients were divided by smoking history into three categories as current non-smokers, current smokers and unknown smoking history. Relationship between smoking history and the age at diagnosis of bladder cancer, gender, T stage, grade, tumor size, tumor number and initial symptoms was analyzed.


RESULTS
In both males and females the onset of bladder cancer is about 6 years (6.1 years in males and 5.9 years in females) earlier for current smokers than for current non-smokers. At the time of diagnosis, tumor stage was significantly higher in the current smokers group. The current smokers group tended to have larger tumor size.


CONCLUSIONS
The finding of 6-year-earlier onset of bladder cancer among current smokers is of great importance to both health care and medical economics. It is essential to make people better informed concerning the need to quit smoking.
Hinotsu
Shiro
S
Urology and Andrology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Akaza
Hideyuki
H
Miki
Tsuneharu
T
Fujimoto
Hiroyuki
H
Shinohara
Nobuo
N
Kikuchi
Eiji
E
Mizutani
Yoichi
Y
Koga
Hirofumi
H
Okajima
Eijiro
E
Okuyama
Akihiko
A
D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012955:Societies, Medical; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014572:Urology