title: Novel cyclic sulfonium-based ionic liquids: synthesis, characterization, and physicochemical properties.
abstract: A new series of ionic liquids composed of three cyclic sulfonium cations and four anions has been synthesized and characterized. Their physicochemical properties, including their spectroscopic characteristics, ion cluster behavior, surface properties, phase transitions, thermal stability, density, viscosity, refractive index, tribological properties, ion conductivity, and electrochemical window have been comprehensively studied. Eight of these salts are liquids at room temperature, at which some salts based on [NO(3)](-) and [NTf(2)](-) ions exhibit organic plastic crystal behaviors, and all the saccharin-based salts display relatively high refractive indices (1.442-1.594). In addition, some ionic liquids with the [NTf(2)](-) ion exhibit peculiar spectroscopic characteristics in FTIR and UV/Vis regions, whilst those salts based on the [DCA](-) ion show lower viscosities (34.2-62.6 mPa s at 20 degrees C) and much higher conductivities (7.6-17.6 mS cm(-1) at 20 degrees C) than most traditional 1,3-dialkylimidazolium salts.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shimin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zuopeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhengjian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ruifeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Liujin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Youquan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004563:Electrochemistry; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013452:Sulfonium Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D044366:Transition Temperature; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D002412:Cations; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D013452:Sulfonium Compounds