title: Transurethral ethanol injection therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia: four-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluating long-term (50 months) efficacy of transurethral intraprostatic injection of absolute ethanol to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was conducted to evaluate 35 patients with BPH treated by transurethral injection of dehydrated ethanol. Mean age was 66.3 years. Endoscopic injection of 6-12 mL ethanol was carried out at 5-10 sites in the prostate. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), maximum flow rate, prostate volume, postvoid residual and side effects or complications incidence were logged.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean IPSS +/- standard deviation improved significantly from 22.0 +/- 3.89 preoperatively to 9.85 +/- 2.23 at 50 months follow-up. Mean peak urinary flow rate increased from 5.87 +/- 3.69 mL/s to 16.89 +/- 4.12 after 4 years. Mean residual urine volume had decreased from 68.6 +/- 49.98 mL to 36.02 +/- 20.87 after 4 years (P < 0.05). The prostate volume decreased from 52.67 +/- 20.43 g preoperatively to 49.94 +/- 21.28 g after 4 years (statistically significant). There were no intra-operative complications but post-operative urine retention occurred in all patients requiring catheterization for a mean 6.7 days. Acute epididymitis and chronic prostatitis occurred in two patients. Urethral stricture occurred in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This technique appears to be safe and cost effective. No occurrence of retrograde ejaculation was detected. The long-term effects of ethanol injection of the prostate were satisfactory and acceptable as a minimally invasive therapeutic modality of selected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakr
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eid
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shoukry
authors.forename: Abdelaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fayed
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000431:Ethanol