[Characteristics of mental disorders in psychiatric patients with mental retardation--preliminary communication].
In mentally retarded persons the same psychiatric disorders may be recognized as in general population. Mental retardation is a predisposing factor to appearance of different kinds of psychiatric disorders. Taking into account the fact that mentally retarded persons have weaker defense mechanisms and more often suffer from psychiatric disorders it seems to be interesting what reasons determine psychiatric hospitalizations in population of mentally retarded patients.


OBJECTIVE
Analysis of mental disorders determining psychiatric hospitalizations in mentally retarded patients.


METHODS
Medical documentation of patients hospitalized in SPZOZ im. Babinskiego in 2006 with diagnosis of mental retardation (F70-F79 according to ICD-10). The medical history of 32 have been analyzed so far.


RESULTS
The largest percentage of hospitalized patients was composed of young men, mentally retarded in the light degree, staying under parents care and having full civil rights. The most frequent direct reason of hospitalization was aggression towards environment, behavioral changes and psychosis. The most common psychopathological symptom according hospital admission was psychomotor agitation, lower mood, anxiety. The most frequent indirect reason of hospitalization was adverse environment factors or deterioration of unknown reasons of previous psychiatric disorders. The most frequent psychiatric disorders were behavior disorders, impulse control disorders and psychosis. In more than a half of cases no other diagnosis apart from mental impairment was stated.


CONCLUSIONS
Among mentally retarded patients stronger inclination to external expression of emotions is observed. It mainly appears in behavioral disorders and external aggression. Most of hospitalizations is determined by adverse environmental factors. Unfortunately, symptoms of psychiatric disorders are still treated as consequences of mental impairment, not as manifestations of psychiatric disorders itself.
Bobińska
Kinga
K
Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, Klinika Psychiatrii Doroslych. k.bobinska@op.pl
Florkowski
Antonii
A
Gałecki
Piotr
P
D000328:Adult; D015984:Causality; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence