[Embolization of craniofacial arteriovenous malformations after the ligation of external carotid artery].
OBJECTIVE
To introduce the method of retrograde embolization through the superficial temporal artery (STA) after the ligation of external carotid artery (ECA) for the treatment of craniofacial arterio-venous malformations (AVM).


METHODS
Seven cases of craniofacial AVM were included in the study. After the ligation of ECA, the STA was surgically accessed and a 4F (1F = 0.333 mm) sheath introduced into the artery, and N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) was selected as the permanent embolization material.


RESULTS
The angiogram was successfully carried out in these cases, which showed that some collateral branches from the ophthalmic artery of left internal carotid artery, vertebral artery and thyrocervical trunk provided the blood supply to the AVM nidus. The retrograde embolization with NBCA was completed.


CONCLUSIONS
The vascular architecture of craniofacial AVM after the ligated ECA was better demonstrated in angiogram of vertebral artery. The retrograde embolization through STA was an effective method for the treatment of craniofacial AVM.
Fan
Xin-Dong
XD
Department of Radiology, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China. fanxindong@yahoo.com.cn
Zhu
Ling
L
Su
Li-Xin
LX
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000628:therapy*; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000601:surgery; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005145:Face / Q000098:blood supply; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult