title: Short stature: increased in children with severe learning disability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  'Health for all children' recommends that children should be screened for growth disorders at school entry with a 0.4th centile 'cut-off'. Following the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in four children attending local special schools, our aim was to compare the height distribution of children attending special schools with mainstream schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children at two local special schools were measured using a Leicester height measurer and values converted to standard deviation scores (SDS). Children were categorized according to whether there were known factors that could affect height. The data were compared with those collected from local mainstream schools.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 242 children were registered at the two special schools and 192 children were measured. The mean height SDS of children in mainstream school (n = 2301) was similar to national standards at -0.09 (SD 1.02). The mean height SDS distribution of the 192 children in special schools (age range 3.2-18.4 years; median age 11.3 years) was -0.73; 95%CI -0.9 to -0.5. In those with no established diagnosis to explain altered growth (n = 120) this was -0.613; 95%CI -0.8 to -0.4. Both pre-pubertal (n = 37) and pubertal (n = 83) children were short and eight (6.7%) had a height less than the 0.4th centile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children attending special school with severe or profound learning disability were shorter than those attending mainstream school. This is still the case following the exclusion of children with a known cause for abnormal growth. This underlines the importance of each child being assessed by professionals with a refined knowledge of normal and abnormal growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Trust, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Al-Khalidi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cheetham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001827:Body Height; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone