title: Aluminum granuloma after administration of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine. Report of a case.
abstract: We report the case of a young woman who developed a subcutaneous granulomatous response after administration of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine. The inciting agent was most likely an aluminum adjuvant, which previously has been reported to be associated with a granulomatous response after administration of other vaccines. Histologically, the lesion consisted of a necrotic/necrobiotic center surrounded by palisading epithelioid histiocytes closely resembling deep granuloma annulare or rheumatoid nodule. The histiocytes contained abundant intracytoplasmic violaceous/gray granular material. An ammonium aurintricarboxylate (Aluminon) stain demonstrated the presence of aluminum in the granular material. Aluminum granulomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of deep granulomatous reaction in young women, due to the high frequency of vaccination in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Derek K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Marsee
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Elsa F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Velazquez
mesh_terms: D000277:Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000328:Adult; D000535:Aluminum / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006099:Granuloma / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D000277:Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D000535:Aluminum