title: Precursor lesions to prostatic adenocarcinoma.
abstract: High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is the one well-documented precursor to adenocarcinoma of the prostate. This review article defines both low- and high-grade PIN. Unusual variants of high-grade PIN are illustrated. Benign lesions that may be confused with high-grade PIN, including central zone histology, clear cell cribriform hyperplasia, and basal cell hyperplasia are described and illustrated. High-grade PIN is also differentiated from invasive acinar (usual) and ductal adenocarcinoma. The incidence of high-grade PIN, its relationship to carcinoma (including molecular findings), and risk of cancer on rebiopsy are covered in detail. Finally, intraductal carcinoma of the prostate, a controversial entity, is discussed and differentiated from high-grade PIN.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology, Urology and Oncology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 401 N. Broadway St., Rm 2242, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA. jepstein@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Jonathan I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D012307:Risk Factors