title: Endoscopic management of bile leaks after blunt abdominal trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) has been found to be useful for the diagnosis and treatment of post-traumatic bile leaks, but data on outcome after therapeutic ERCP is limited. We performed a prospective study on evaluation of ERCP for diagnosis and treatment of bile leaks following blunt abdominal trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients of bile leaks following blunt abdominal trauma were evaluated for modes of injury, clinical presentations, investigations, ERCP findings, modes of therapy and outcome. The time interval between trauma and ERCP, ERCP and healing of bile leak and complications of ERCP were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients (age 21.9 +/- 14.5 years, 6 males) presented 24.6 +/- 17.1 days following trauma. The modes of injury were motor vehicle accident (n = 6), and fall from height (n = 4). The ERCP revealed bile leak from the right hepatic duct (n = 7), both right and left hepatic ducts (n = 1), mid-common bile duct (n = 1), and peripheral branches of right hepatic duct (n = 1). Procedures for ERCP included endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) with stenting in nine patients and ES with nasobiliary drainage in one patient. Bile leak resolved in all the patients in 8.5 +/- 8.2 days. Biliary stents and the nasobiliary drain were removed after 36.4 +/- 16.2 days of their insertion and all the patients remain asymptomatic for follow up of 33 +/- 20.8 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapeutic ERCP procedures like endoscopic sphincterotomy with stenting or nasobiliary drainage are effective in management of bile leaks following blunt abdominal trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, G B Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India. drbcsharma@hotmail.com
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sarin
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D000058:Accidental Falls; D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult