title: Safety of high-intensity treatment with the irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor tranylcypromine in patients with treatment-resistant depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because the irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor tranylcypromine (TCP) was introduced nearly 50 years ago, only few studies exist on today's clinical prescribing practice together with 2nd and 3rd generation psychotropic drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a practice-based observational study of patients with depression treated with TCP in two psychiatric departments in Berlin to assess side effects, effectiveness, comedication and acceptance of the low-tyramine diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified thirty-two patients treated with TCP at a mean dose of 51.9 mg/day after an average of 3.3 pre-treatments in the current episode. Dosing of TCP and the use of multiple psychotropic comedications indicate a high-intensity treatment. The most frequent side effects resulted from arterial hypotonia (28%). Dietary restrictions were mainly rated as moderate. 59% of patients remitted (HAMD- (21)<9 or CGI-I=1) and 22% responded (HAMD- (21) reduction >50% or CGI-I=2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high-intensity treatment of inpatients with TCP is clinically feasible, i.e., the use of high doses and multiple comedications with a good benefit-risk-ratio. Prospective data aiming at comparisons with modern antidepressants and clarifying further safety issues are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Berlin, Germany. mazda.adli@charite.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pilhatsch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Köberle
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ricken
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bschor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004032:Diet; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014191:Tranylcypromine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014439:Tyramine / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D014191:Tranylcypromine; D014439:Tyramine