Biomarker discovery in ovarian cancer.
Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of gynecologic cancer death among women. Tumors diagnosed early (in stage I) have a cure rate approaching 90%. However, because specific symptoms and screening tools are lacking, most ovarian cancers are very advanced when finally diagnosed. CA125 expression and pelvic ultrasonography are of limited efficacy in screening, and the search for new, complementary ovarian cancer biomarkers continues. New technology and research techniques have allowed the identification of over 100 possible tumor markers, many of which are still being evaluated for clinical relevance and several of which have entered clinical trials. Here, we review the methods of biomarker discovery, address the significance and functions of newly identified ovarian cancer tumor markers, and provide further insight into the future of ovarian cancer biomarkers.
Tung
Celestine S
CS
University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Gynecologic Oncology, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 1362, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ctung@mdanderson.org
Wong
Kwong-Kwok
KK
Mok
Samuel C
SC
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018394:CA-125 Antigen