title: Sealing ability and thermal diffusivity of cavity lining materials: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the sealing ability and the thermal insulating capability of four different cavity lining materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty noncarious human mandibular second premolars that were extracted for orthodontic treatment were collected, cleaned, and stored in distilled water. These premolars were randomly divided into four groups of ten teeth each for treatment with the different cavity lining materials. Group I teeth were treated with cavity varnish, group II teeth with amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), group III teeth with dentin bonding agent, and group IV teeth with resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC). Electrical resistance and the difference in the time-temperature curve of the external surface and the pulp side [A D -A P ] of each tooth following heat and cold application for 120 s were measured before and after cavity lining placement to determine the sealing ability and thermal insulating property, respectively. Data collected were subjected to statistical analysis. For paired data, paired t-test and Wilcoxon's signed rank test were used. One-way ANOVA was used for comparisons between multiple groups and the Mann-Whitney U test for comparisons between pairs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean difference in electrical resistance (in K ohm) of different cavity lining materials were as follows: group I = +3.53, group II = -1.00, group III = +20.43, and group IV = +11.44. The mean differences in the area (A D -A P ) under the time-temperature curve following heat application were as follows: group I = 6.6 mm 2 , group II = 15.3 mm 2 , group III = 130.5 mm 2 , and group IV = 412.0 mm 2 . The mean differences in the area (A D -A P ) under the time-temperature curve following cold application were as follows: group I = 24.5 mm 2 , group II = 3.2 mm 2 , group III = 314.9 mm 2 , and group IV = 480.5 mm 2 .
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dentin bonding agent and RMGIC provided effective sealing of the dentinal tubules and significant thermal insulation when compared to the other tested cavity lining materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere - 577 004, India. attigupeprabhakar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Prabhakar
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Subhadra
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kurthukoti
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Shubha
mesh_terms: D001641:Bicuspid; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003736:Dental Cavity Lining / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003738:Dental Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D019279:Resin Cements; C519480:amorphous calcium phosphate; C067790:Vitrabond