title: Analysis of forensically used autosomal short tandem repeat markers in Polish and neighboring populations.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the homogeneity of Polish populations with respect to STRs chosen as core markers of the Polish Forensic National DNA Intelligence Database, and to provide reference allele frequencies and to explore the genetic interrelationship between Poland and neighboring countries. The allele frequency distribution of 10 STRs included in the SGMplus kit was analyzed among 2176 unrelated individuals from 6 regional Polish populations and among 4321 individuals from Germany (three samples), Austria, The Netherlands, Sweden, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Belarus, Ukraine and the Russian Federation (six samples). The statistical approach consisted of AMOVA, calculation of pairwise Rst values and analysis by multidimensional scaling. We found homogeneity of present day Poland and consistent differences between Polish and German populations which contrasted with relative similarities between Russian and German populations. These discrepancies between genetic and geographic distances were confirmed by analysis of an independent data set on Y chromosome STRs. Migrations of Goths, Viking influences, German settlements in the region of Volga river and/or forced population resettlements and other events related to World War II are the historic events which might have caused these finding.
authors.affiliation: University of Varmia and Mazury, Department of Criminalistics and Forensic Medicine, Olsztyn, Poland.
authors.forename: Ireneusz
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Soltyszewski
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plocienniczak
authors.forename: Hans Ake
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Fabricius
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kornienko
authors.forename: Dmitrij
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vodolazhsky
authors.forename: Walther
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Parson
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hradil
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmitter
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuzniar
authors.forename: Boris A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Malyarchuk
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grzybowski
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Woźniak
authors.forename: Jurgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Henke
authors.forename: Lotte
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Henke
authors.forename: Sergiv
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olkhovets
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Voitenko
authors.forename: Vita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lagus
authors.forename: Andrej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ficek
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Minárik
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Knijff
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rebała
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wysocka
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kapińska
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cybulska
authors.forename: Alexei I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Mikulich
authors.forename: Iosif S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Tsybovsky
authors.forename: Zofia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Szczerkowska
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krajewski
authors.forename: Rafał
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ploski
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001317:Austria; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y; D018153:Czech Republic; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D053803:Forensic Genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005843:Geography; D005858:Germany; D006239:Haplotypes; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D009426:Netherlands; D011044:Poland; D044382:Population Groups / Q000235:genetics*; D002094:Republic of Belarus; D012426:Russia; D018154:Slovakia; D013548:Sweden; D014455:Ukraine
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers