title: Fatal presentation of congenital isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia.
abstract: Congenital isolated left ventricular apical hypoplasia has recently been recognised as a discrete clinical entity with well-defined diagnostic criteria on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. This spectrum has been described in four previous cases, three of which presented with relatively mild symptoms and one with pulmonary oedema. All of these patients responded to standard medical management. We describe a sudden and fatal presentation of this anomaly in a previously well 19-year-old male, confirming the fact that this is not a benign condition but a spectrum with the potential for significant complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE7 7DN, England, UK.
authors.forename: Claire A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Irving
authors.forename: Milind P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Chaudhari
mesh_terms: D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000209:etiology; D018636:Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult