title: The 6-month safety and efficacy of abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who underwent a washout after anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy or were directly switched to abatacept: the ARRIVE trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of abatacept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had failed anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy and were switched to abatacept directly or after completing washout.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this international, 6-month, open-label trial, patients had active RA, an inadequate response to anti-TNF therapy for 3 months or longer and a disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28 (C-reactive protein; CRP) of 5.1 or greater. "Washout" patients discontinued anti-TNF therapy 2 months or longer pre-screening; "direct-switch" patients began abatacept ( approximately 10 mg/kg) at their next scheduled anti-TNF therapy dose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1046 patients were treated (449 washout, 597 direct-switch; baseline characteristics were similar between groups). At 6 months, adverse events (AE; 78.0% vs 79.2%), serious AE (11.1% vs 9.9%) and discontinuations due to AE (3.8% vs 4.0%) and serious AE (2.0% vs 1.3%) were comparable in washout versus direct-switch patients. There were no opportunistic infections. At 6 months, in washout versus direct-switch patients, similar clinically meaningful improvements were seen in DAS28 (CRP) (> or =1.2 unit improvement, 59.5% vs 53.6%, respectively; low disease activity state, 22.5% vs 22.3%; DAS28-defined remission, 12.0% vs 13.7%), physical function (health assessment questionnaire disability index > or =0.22 improvement; 46.3% vs 47.1%) and health-related quality of life (mean change in short-form 36 scores: physical component summary, 5.5 vs 6.1; mental component summary, 4.8 vs 5.4).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abatacept demonstrated acceptable safety and tolerability and clinically meaningful efficacy over 6 months in patients with inadequate response to anti-TNF therapy. Results were comparable with or without a washout, supporting direct switching from anti-TNF therapy to abatacept as an option in clinical practice.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT00124982.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado, Greenwood Village, CO 80111, USA. Lmschiff@aol.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schiff
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Huffstutter
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Valverde
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Durez
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bahrt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Bars
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Genovese
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000139:chemically induced; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069594:Abatacept; D002097:C-Reactive Protein