title: Iron supplementation does not affect copper and zinc absorption in breastfed infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Iron supplements are commonly recommended for infants but were suggested to inhibit zinc and copper absorption.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate potential effects of iron supplementation, infant age, and mineral status on zinc and copper absorption in infants at 6 and 9 mo of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five healthy breastfed term infants were recruited from a larger randomized iron supplementation trial. Six of these infants received iron supplements (1 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1)) from 4 to 9 mo, 8 were supplemented from 6 to 9 mo, and 11 received placebo only. Zinc and copper absorption was measured at 6 and 9 mo of age, using orally administered (70)Zn and (65)Cu and fecal monitoring of recovered stable isotopes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (+/-SD) zinc absorption was 51.9 +/- 17.9%, and mean copper absorption was 79.0 +/- 13.5%. No significant difference was observed in zinc or copper absorption between 6 and 9 mo of age. When combining all measurements, no significant effect of prior iron supplementation was observed on zinc or copper absorption. No significant correlation was observed between plasma zinc and zinc absorption or between plasma copper and copper absorption. No significant correlation was observed between erythrocyte copper-zinc-dependent superoxide dismutase activity and copper absorption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study does not support the contention that iron supplements inhibit the absorption of zinc or copper in healthy breastfed infants at 6-9 mo of age. In addition, we did not find any age-related changes in zinc or copper absorption between 6 and 9 mo of age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. magnus.domellof@pediatri.umu.se
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Domellöf
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hernell
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: Zhensheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lönnerdal
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001942:Breast Feeding; D003300:Copper / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007554:Isotopes; D008297:Male; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015033:Zinc Isotopes
chemical_list: D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D007554:Isotopes; D015033:Zinc Isotopes; C020748:ferrous sulfate; D003300:Copper; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D015032:Zinc