title: Growth hormone treatment prevents loss of lean mass after bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients: results of a pilot, open, prospective, randomized, controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The loss of lean body mass (LBM) negatively influences the outcome in bariatric surgery. Impaired GH secretion is frequent in obese patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to investigate if GH treatment prevents LBM loss in the early postoperative period.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an open, prospective, randomized, and controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 women (body mass index: 44.4 +/- 7.6 kg/m(2), aged 36.8 +/- 11.7 yr) undergoing laparoscopic-adjustable silicone gastric banding (LASGB) and with GH deficiency after LASGB was included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group A (n = 12) included a standardized diet regimen and exercise program plus recombinant human GH (0.5 +/- 0.13 mg every day), and group B (n = 12) included a standardized diet regimen and exercise program. The follow-up duration was 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The excess of body weight loss did not differ between groups A and B after 3 and 6 months. At 3 months, LBM loss was lower (P < 0.0001) and fat mass (FM) loss was higher (P = 0.02) in group A than group B. At 3 and 6 months, appendicular skeletal muscle mass loss was lower (P = 0.000) in group A than group B. At 3 (P = 0.0003 and 0.0005, respectively) and 6 months (P < 0.0001 and 0.0002, respectively), the percent changes of FM and lean body mass were significantly higher in group A than group B. In both groups fasting and postglucose area under the plasma concentration-time curve insulin significantly reduced. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin and insulin sensitivity indexes and total to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio improved only in group A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GH treatment for 6 months after LASGB reduces loss in LBM and appendicular skeletal muscle mass during a standardized program of low-calorie diet and physical exercise program, with improvement of lipid profile and without a deterioration of glucose tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular & Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, Division of Endocrinology, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savastano
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Somma
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Angrisani
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orio
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Longobardi
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D015391:Gastroplasty / Q000379:methods*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I