The use of Maytenus ilicifolia to prevent cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
Maytenus ilicifolia is a native plant from South America, with several medicinal properties including antioxidant effects.


OBJECTIVE
using an original cisplatin induced ototoxicity model, we evaluated a possible otoprotection caused by Maytenus ilicifolia extract.


METHODS
clinical and experimental study design with female albino guinea pigs divided in groups as follows: 9 animals receiving cisplatin only (three doses of 7.5mg/kg/day), 4 animals receiving the plant extract only, 10 animals receiving the cisplatin protocol and 1g/kg/day of extract for 8 days, 5 animals with cisplatin and 3g/kg/day of extract for 8 days, and 5 animals receiving extract for 3 weeks and cisplatin in the last week. The tests were distortion product otoacoustic emissions, brainstem auditory response, before and after medication and scanning electron microscopy.


RESULTS
the animals receiving cisplatin plus plant extract, had alterations in all the tests, showing lesions on the basal cochlear region under electron microscopy.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite of the plant extract's antioxidant effect, it was not sufficient to protect the cochlea against cisplatin ototoxicity.
Kasse
Cristiane Akemi
CA
Master's and Doctoral degrees, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP-EPM. Research professor, Universidade Bandeirantes, UNIBAN. Electronic address: cristianekasse@yahoo.com.br.
Cruz
Oswaldo L M
OLM
Livre docente (habilitation) professor, Universidade de São Paulo, USP. Affiliated professor, Otorhinolaryngology discipline, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP.
Iha
Luis C N
LCN
Master's degree, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP. Doctoral student, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP.
Costa
Henrique O
HO
Doctoral degree, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. Professor, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo.
Lopes
Elaine C
EC
Doctor in pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP. Researcher, Instituto de Ciências Avançadas em Otorrinolaringologia, ICAO.
Coelho
Flávia
F
Veterinarian, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo and the Hospital Sírio Libanês. Researcher, Instituto de Ciências Avançadas em Otorrinolaringologia, ICAO. Department of human communication disorders, Otorhinolaryngology discipline, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP).
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D003051:Cochlea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029755:Maytenus; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002945:Cisplatin