title: Evaluation of different methods used to assess disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: analyses of abatacept clinical trial data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate different methods of reporting response to treatment or disease status for their ability to discriminate between active therapy and placebo, or to reflect structural progression or patient satisfaction with treatment using an exploratory analysis of the Abatacept in Inadequate Responders to Methotrexate (AIM) trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  424 active (abatacept approximately 10 mg/kg) and 214 placebo-treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  of reporting included: (1) response (American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria) versus state (disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28) criteria); (2) stringency (ACR20 vs 50 vs 70; moderate disease activity state (MDAS; DAS28 <5.1) vs low disease activity state (LDAS; DAS28 <or=3.2) vs DAS28-defined remission (DAS28 <2.6)); (3) time to onset (time to first ACR50/LDAS) and (4) sustainability of ACR50/LDAS for consecutive visits. Methods were assessed according to: (1) discriminatory capacity (number of patients needed to study (NNS)); (2) structural progression (Genant-modified Sharp score) and (3) patient satisfaction with treatment. Positive likelihood ratios (LR) evaluated the ability of the above methods to reflect structural damage and patient satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDAS and ACR20 had the highest discriminatory capacity (NNS 49 and 69). Sustained LDAS best reflected no radiographic progression (positive LR >or=2). More stringent criteria (at least ACR50/LDAS), faster onset (<or=3 months) and sustainability (>3 visits) of ACR50/LDAS best reflected patient satisfaction (positive LR >10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The optimal method for reporting a measure of disease activity may differ depending on the outcome of interest. Time to onset and sustainability can be important factors when evaluating treatment response and disease status in patients with RA.
authors.affiliation: Rene Descartes University, Medicine Faculty, UPRES-EA 4058, APHP, Cochin Hospital, Rheumatology B Department, Paris, France. maxime.dougados@cch.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dougados
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schmidely
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Bars
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lafosse
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schiff
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Smolen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aletaha
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Riel
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D000069594:Abatacept; D008727:Methotrexate