title: Loneliness: a concept analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Loneliness is a universal human experience recognized since the dawn of time, yet it is unique for every individual. Loneliness can lead to both depression and low self-esteem.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This article explicates the concept of loneliness through the examination of its conceptual definition and uses, defining attributes, related concepts, and empirical referents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review using hand search and database were used as sources of information.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because loneliness is commonly encountered in nursing situations, the information provided will serve as a framework for assessment, planning, intervention, and evaluation of clients.
authors.affiliation: Case Western Reserve University, USA. akb7@case.edu
authors.forename: Abir K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bekhet
authors.forename: Jaclene A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zauszniewski
authors.forename: Wagdy E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Nakhla
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D003210:Concept Formation; D004644:Emotions; D005086:Existentialism / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008132:Loneliness / Q000523:psychology*; D016294:Models, Nursing; D008960:Models, Psychological; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012649:Self Concept; D012919:Social Behavior; D012934:Social Isolation