title: Single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping by mini-primer allele-specific amplification with universal reporter primers for identification of degraded DNA.
abstract: Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is informative for human identification, and much shorter regions are targeted in analysis of biallelic SNP compared with highly polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR). Therefore, SNP genotyping is expected to be more sensitive than STR genotyping of degraded human DNA. To achieve simple, economical, and sensitive SNP genotyping for identification of degraded human DNA, we developed 18 loci for a SNP genotyping technique based on the mini-primer allele-specific amplification (ASA) combined with universal reporter primers (URP). The URP/ASA-based genotyping consisted of two amplifications followed by detection using capillary electrophoresis. The sizes of the target genome fragments ranged from 40 to 67bp in length. In the Japanese population, the frequencies of minor alleles of 18 SNPs ranged from 0.36 to 0.50, and these SNPs are informative for identification. The success rate of SNP genotyping was much higher than that of STR genotyping of artificially degraded DNA. Moreover, we applied this genotyping method to case samples and showed successful SNP genotyping of severely degraded DNA from a 4-year buffered formalin-fixed tissue sample for human identification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical College, Japan. asari@asahikawa-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asari
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiono
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008722:Methods; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012107:Research Design
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004247:DNA