title: Interaction analyses of human monocytes co-cultured with different forms of Aspergillus fumigatus.
abstract: Monocytes play a major role in the cellular defence against Aspergillus fumigatus in immunocompromised patients. To obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in this interaction, phagocytosis and gene expression profiling of human monocytes was carried out after incubation with A. fumigatus resting, swollen and germinating conidia and hyphae (for 3, 6 and 9 h). The majority of monocytes phagocytosed up to three conidia during the first 3 h of incubation. Microarray analysis showed an increased expression level of immune-relevant genes, which was dependent on the germination state of the fungus and the incubation period. Among these genes, those encoding interleukin-8, macrophage inflammatory protein 3-alpha (CCL20) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (CCL2) were found to be potential key regulators involved in the A. fumigatus-induced immune response. In addition, A. fumigatus was found to be an inducer of the genes encoding urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA), urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR),plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI), pentraxin-3 (PTX3) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), which, in combination, may contribute to thrombosis and local lung tissue injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik II, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loeffler
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF) Microarray Facility, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonin
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik II, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Nele
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Romeike
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik II, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mezger
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Microbiology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik II, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kapp
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gebhardt
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik II, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Goetz-Ulrich
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Grigoleit
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stevanović
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Medizinische Klinik II, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Einsele
authors.affiliation: Staufer-Klinik, Innere Medizin, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hebart
mesh_terms: D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D025301:Hyphae / Q000502:physiology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000502:physiology; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D015849:Plasminogen Inactivators; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator