title: Focal adhesion kinase: important to prostaglandin E2-mediated adhesion, migration and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
abstract: Prostaglandin E2 has been implicated in cell growth and metastasis in many types of cancers. However, the effects of PGE2 and its mechanism on cell adhesion, migration, and invasion have not been clarified yet. In this study, we found PGE2 treatment significantly increased the cell adhesion, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In addition, the effects of PGE2 were found to be associated with focal adhesion kinase (FAK). PGE2 treatment increased the phosphorylation and synthesis of FAK in a dose-dependent manner. RNA interference targeting FAK suppressed PGE2-mediated cell adhesion and migration. Furthermore, the downstream proteins of FAK, paxillin and Erk2, were also activated by PGE2. PGE2 treatment increased the phosphorylation and synthesis of paxillin in a dose-dependent manner. PGE2 treatment also induced the phosphorylation of Erk2. PD98059, the specific inhibitor of MEK, suppressed PGE2-mediated cell adhesion and migration. However, it had no effect on PGE2-induced activation and synthesis of FAK. These results demonstrated that PGE2 greatly induced HCC cell adhesion, migration, and invasion by activating FAK/paxillin/Erk pathway.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ning-Bo
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ke-Xin
authors.initials: KX
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leng
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D051419:Paxillin / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D034622:RNA Interference; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D051419:Paxillin; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D015232:Dinoprostone