title: Characterization in vivo of bilaterally branching pontocerebellar mossy fibre to Golgi cell inputs in the rat cerebellum.
abstract: Golgi cells regulate the flow of information from mossy fibres to the cerebellar cortex, through a mix of feedback and feedforward inhibitory actions on granule cells. The aim of the current study was to examine mossy fibre input to Golgi cells, in order to assess their impact on switching Golgi cells into feedforward behaviour. In urethane-anaesthetized rats, extracellular recordings were made from Golgi cells in Crus II (n = 18). Spikes were evoked in all Golgi cells by microstimulation within the contralateral hemispheral cortex, via branches of mossy fibres that terminate in both cerebellar hemispheres. The latencies of these responses were very short, consistent with a monosynaptic mossy fibre contact [average onset latency 2.3 +/- 0.1 ms (SEM)]. The same stimuli had no measurable effect on spike responses of nearby Purkinje cells (n = 12). Systematic mapping in the contralateral cerebellar hemisphere (Crus Ib, IIa, IIb and the paramedian lobule) usually revealed one low-intensity stimulus 'hotspot' (12-35 microA) from which short-latency spikes could be evoked in an individual Golgi cell. Microinjections of red and green retrograde tracers (latex beads, approximately 50-150 nL injection volume) made at the recording site and the stimulation hotspot resulted in double-labelled neurons within the pontine nuclei. Overall, this suggests that subsets of pontine neurons supply mossy fibres that branch to both hemispheres, some of which directly target Golgi cells. Such an arrangement may provide a common feedforward inhibitory link to temporally couple activity on both sides of the cerebellum during behaviour.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Downing Street, Cambridge CB23DY, UK. th247@cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Tahl
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Holtzman
authors.forename: Nadia L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Cerminara
authors.forename: Steve A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Edgley
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Apps
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002525:Cerebellar Cortex / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D007395:Interneurons / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes