title: Liver-specific deletion of protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) improves metabolic syndrome and attenuates diet-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B is a negative regulator of insulin signaling; consequently, mice deficient in PTP1B are hypersensitive to insulin. Because PTP1B(-/-) mice have diminished fat stores, the extent to which PTP1B directly regulates glucose homeostasis is unclear. Previously, we showed that brain-specific PTP1B(-/-) mice are protected against high-fat diet-induced obesity and glucose intolerance, whereas muscle-specific PTP1B(-/-) mice have increased insulin sensitivity independent of changes in adiposity. Here we studied the role of liver PTP1B in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed body mass/adiposity, insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, and lipid metabolism in liver-specific PTP1B(-/-) and PTP1Bfl/fl control mice, fed a chow or high-fat diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with normal littermates, liver-specific PTP1B(-/-) mice exhibit improved glucose homeostasis and lipid profiles, independent of changes in adiposity. Liver-specific PTP1B(-/-) mice have increased hepatic insulin signaling, decreased expression of gluconeogenic genes PEPCK and G-6-Pase, enhanced insulin-induced suppression of hepatic glucose production, and improved glucose tolerance. Liver-specific PTP1B(-/-) mice exhibit decreased triglyceride and cholesterol levels and diminished expression of lipogenic genes SREBPs, FAS, and ACC. Liver-specific PTP1B deletion also protects against high-fat diet-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress response in vivo, as evidenced by decreased phosphorylation of p38MAPK, JNK, PERK, and eIF2alpha and lower expression of the transcription factors C/EBP homologous protein and spliced X box-binding protein 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver PTP1B plays an important role in glucose and lipid metabolism, independent of alterations in adiposity. Inhibition of PTP1B in peripheral tissues may be useful for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and reduction of cardiovascular risk in addition to diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. m.delibegovic@abdn.ac.uk
authors.forename: Mirela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delibegovic
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.forename: Caitlin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kauffman
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rak
authors.forename: Eun-Gyoung
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: You-Ree
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jason K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Barbara B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: Benjamin G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Neel
authors.forename: Kendra K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Bence
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001823:Body Composition; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000502:physiology*; D005784:Gene Amplification; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006706:Homeostasis; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D012016:Reference Values; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1