title: Impact of systemic blood pressure on the relationship between intraocular pressure and blood flow in the optic nerve head of nonhuman primates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies suggest that reduced ocular perfusion pressure in the optic nerve head (ONH) increases the risk of glaucoma. This study tested a hypothesis that the magnitude of blood flow change in the ONH induced between two same intraocular pressure (IOP) alterations depends on the level of mean systemic blood pressure (BP).
  
  
  METHODS
  In eight anesthetized rhesus monkeys, systemic BP was maintained at either a high, medium, or low level (n = 6 each, ranging from 51-113 mm Hg); IOP was rapidly altered from 10 to 30 mm Hg and then to 10 mm Hg manometrically. Blood flow in the ONH (BF(ONH)) was repeatedly measured with a laser speckle flow graph for 10 minutes at each IOP level period. The BF(ONH) and relative changes to the baselines at each measured time point were calculated and compared longitudinally among the three BP groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no statistically significant difference in mean baseline BF(ONH) across the BP groups. In the high-BP group, BF(ONH) had no significant change during the IOP alterations. However, the same IOP alterations caused a significant BF(ONH) change in the two lower BP groups. The duration of the BF(ONH) changes from baseline to a peak and to a steady state was significantly delayed in the two lower, but not the higher, BP groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Systemic BP plays an important role in maintaining the normal autoregulation of the ONH, and it became deficient in the lower BP groups. In patients with glaucoma, a normal, sustained BP may be important to prevent worsening glaucoma.
authors.affiliation: Discoveries in Sight Research Laboratories, Devers Eye Institute, Legacy Health System, Portland, Oregon 97232, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: J Crawford
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Downs
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fortune
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cull
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Cioffi
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000098:blood supply*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results