Testing Social Cognitive Theory as a theoretical framework to predict smoking relapse among daily smoking adolescents.
Predictors of adolescent smoking relapse are largely unknown, since studies either focus on relapse among adults, or address (long-term) smoking cessation but not relapse. In the present study, Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) was used as a theoretical framework to examine the first and second lapses, as well as mild and heavy relapse into smoking among 135 daily smoking adolescents who embarked on a serious quit attempt. Baseline predictors were pros of smoking, pros of quitting, self-efficacy, and intensity of smoking. Using an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study design, participants were monitored three times a day during 4 weeks. A follow-up was administered 2 months after the monitoring period. Perceiving many pros of smoking, reporting a low self-efficacy to quit, and high levels of baseline smoking significantly predicted relapse within 3 weeks after quitting. The effects of pros of smoking and self-efficacy on relapse, however, appeared to be accounted for by differences in intensity of smoking. Besides that pros of quitting showed a marginal effect on abstinence at the 2-month follow-up, no long-term effects were detected.
Van Zundert
Rinka M P
RM
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. r.vanzundert@pwo.ru.nl
Nijhof
Linda M
LM
Engels
Rutger C M E
RC
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult