title: Association between in-transit loss, internal trailer temperature, and distance traveled by Ontario market hogs.
abstract: An observational study was conducted from July to October 2004 to determine the association between in-transit losses of swine and internal trailer temperature after controlling for loading density, trip distance, herd size, and random trip effect. A convenience sample of 3 trucking companies was used to collect temperature, relative humidity, and global positioning data for 104 trips that delivered 21,834 pigs from 371 producers to Ontario abattoirs. The association between in-transit loss and trailer temperature was determined using the 90th percentiles of internal temperature for each trip. Average loading density was 0.36 m2/100 kg pig (range 0.28 to 0.50 m2/100 kg pig). Average in-transit loss was 0.12%; however, 94% of producers experienced no losses. As the 90th percentile of internal trailer temperature increased from a range of 8.6 degrees C to 23.3 degrees C to a range of 23.4 degrees C to 26.1degreesC, average in-transit loss ratio increased approximately 3-fold, with an additional 2-fold increase as the range increased from 26.2 degrees C to 28.9 degrees C to 29.0 degrees C to 30.5 degrees C. As the 90th percentile of temperature increased by 1degreesC over the full range of temperatures in this study, in-transit loss was expected to increase 1.26 times. The in-transit loss was expected to decrease 0.81 times for each 50-km increase in distance traveled between the farm and the abattoir.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Ontario.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haley
authors.forename: Catherine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Widowski
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Friendship
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D020378:Confined Spaces; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009864:Ontario; D011156:Population Density; D012621:Seasons; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014186:Transportation