title: Solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography for the determination of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane as a marking agent for explosives.
abstract: This paper investigates the detection of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMNB), a marking agent in explosives, by gas chromatography (GC) with electron capture detection using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) as a sample preparation technique. The 25,27-dihydroxy-26,28-oxy (2',7'-dioxo-3',6'-diazaoctyl) oxy-p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene/hydroxy-terminated silicone oil coated fiber was highly sensitive to trap DMNB from ammonium nitrate matrix. The analysis was performed by extracting 2g of explosives for 30s at room temperature and then immediately introducing into the heated GC injector for 1min of thermal desorption. The method showed good linearity in the range from 0.01 to 1.0mug/g. The relative standard deviations for these extractions were <8%. The calculated limit of detection for DMNB (S/N=3) was 4.43x10(-4)mug/g, which illustrates that the proposed systems are suitable for explosive detection at trace level. This is the first report of an SPME-GC system shown to extract marking agent in explosives for subsequent detection in a simple, rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive manner.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Xiujuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhaorui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng