title: Bond strength of all-ceramics to tooth structure: using new luting systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of different adhesive luting systems on the shear bond strength of all-ceramic restorations to dentin surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight all-ceramic disks (2 x 3 mm; IPS e.max Press) were fabricated. Forty-eight noncarious extracted human molars were divided into 4 groups. in groups 1 to 4, IPS e.max Press disks were luted with Variolink 2/Excite DSC (etch-and-rinse), Clearfil Esthetic Cement/Clearfil Protect Bond (antibacterial and self-etching), Multilink/Multilink Primer (self-etching), or Multilink Sprint (self-adhesive). All specimens were subjected to 5000 thermocycles (5 degrees C to 55 degrees C, 30-s dwell time). Shear bond strengths were tested using a universal testing machine until failure. The analysis of the fractured dentin surfaces was performed using an optical microscope at 10X and 1000X magnification; the images were analyzed with an image analyzer. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at a significance level of p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean shear bond strength data of the groups in MPa were: Variolink 2/Excite DSC: 25.89 +/- 3.71; Clearfil Esthetic Cement/Clearfil Protect Bond: 17.21 +/- 2.71; Multilink/Multilink Primer: 11.6 +/- 3.51; Multilink Sprint: 10.4 +/- 3.15. According to the one-way ANOVA, there were significant differences in shear bond strength (p < 0.001). According to Tukey's test, statistically significant differences were observed in shear bond strength between groups 1 and 2 (p < 0.001), groups 1 and 3 (p < 0.001), groups 1 and 4 (p < 0.001), groups 2 and 3 (p = 0.003), and groups 2 and 4 (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The etch-and-rinse dentin bonding system produced higher bond strengths of all-ceramics to dentin surfaces than did the self-etching bonding systems and self-adhesive luting system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. tomantr@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Muhittin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toman
authors.forename: Suna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toksavul
authors.forename: Ash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akin
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008963:Molar; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C503075:Clearfil Protect Bond; D003738:Dental Cements; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C420130:Excite cement; C508050:IPS e.max Press; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; C530542:clearfil esthetic cement; C502351:multilink adhesive system; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C103502:Variolink