title: Hepatoprotective potentials of onion and garlic extracts on cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rats.
abstract: The hepatoprotective effect of onion and garlic extracts on cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage in rats is reported. Control group received double-distilled water alone. Cd group was challenged with 3CdSO(4).8H(2)O (as Cd; 1.5 mg/kg bw per day per oral) alone, while extract-treated groups were pretreated with varied doses of onion and/or garlic extract (0.5 and 1.0 ml/100 g bw per day per oral) for a week and thereafter co-treated with Cd (1.5 mg/kg bw per day per oral) for 3 weeks. Cd caused a marked (p < 0.001) increase in the levels of lipid peroxidation and glutathione S-transferase, whereas glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels were decreased in the liver. We also observed a decrease in hepatic activities of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase and a concomitant increase in the plasma activities of ALT and AST. Onion and garlic extracts significantly attenuated these adverse effects of Cd. Onion extract proffered a dose-dependent hepatoprotection. Our study showed that Cd-induced oxidative damage in rat liver is amenable to attenuation by high dose of onion and moderate dose of garlic extracts possibly via reduced lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidant defense system that is insufficient to prevent and protect Cd-induced hepatotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. udokabchui@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Udoka E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Obioha
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Suru
authors.forename: Kikelomo F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Ola-Mudathir
authors.forename: Toyin Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Faremi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019697:Onions / Q000737:chemistry*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D020011:Protective Agents; D002104:Cadmium; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase