title: Anti-cancer effect of Betulin on a human lung cancer cell line: a pharmacoproteomic approach using 2 D SDS PAGE coupled with nano-HPLC tandem Mass Spectrometry.
abstract: Betulin is a representative compound of Betula platyphylla, a tree species belonging to the Betulaceae family. In this investigation, we revealed that betulin showed anticancer activity on human lung cancer A549 cells by inducing apoptosis and changes in protein expression profiles were observed. Upon flow cytometry analysis, the surface of betulin-treated cells was found to be annexin-V positive and propidium iodide (PI) negative, which indicated that the cells were apoptotic. In order to identify the molecular players involved in betulin-induced apoptosis, cellular proteins were applied to two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2 D SDS PAGE) for differential proteomic analysis. As a result, four downregulated proteins and three upregulated proteins were identified by nano-HPLC MS/MS. The four downregulated proteins were poly(rC)-binding protein 1, isoform 1 of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase type 2, heat shock protein 90-alpha 2, and enoyl-CoA hydratase; the three upregulated proteins were aconitate hydratase, malate dehydrogenase, and splicing factor arginine/serine-rich 1. These differentially expressed proteins explained the cytotoxicity of betulin against human lung cancer A549 cells, and the proteomic approach was thus shown to be a potential tool for understanding the pharmacological activities of pharmacophores.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pyo
authors.forename: Si Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Dae Ki
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Gyun
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong Yook
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soon Sun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Jeong Hill
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D029662:Betula; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel / Q000379:methods; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000094062:Betulinic Acid
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D002945:Cisplatin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014315:Triterpenes; C002503:betulin; D000094062:Betulinic Acid