title: Fecal incontinence in women: causes and treatment.
abstract: Fecal incontinence is a common problem in women, which often enforces life changes owing to embarrassment and social stigma. It is frequently not reported or diagnosed. Age, obstetric trauma, pelvic surgery, chronic diarrhea, obesity and other medical conditions, such as diabetes and stroke, increase the risk of fecal incontinence. Preventive strategies include avoiding diarrheal triggers, discouraging the routine use of episiotomies, early recognition and management of obstetric injuries and possibly pelvic floor muscle exercises after childbirth. Treatment options are available and should be discussed with the patient. These, in order of progression, are education and medications for diarrhea or constipation, supportive care, biofeedback training and surgery.
authors.affiliation: Michigan State University, Department of Internal Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA. makol@msu.edu
authors.forename: Ashima
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makol
authors.forename: Madhusudan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Whitehead
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D012944:Social Support; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health; D014932:Women's Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*