title: The antioxidant effects of melatonin after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.
abstract: Free radical mechanisms are involved in secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Since melatonin is a potent free radical scavenger and indirect antioxidant, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether melatonin administration would attenuate oxidative stress, brain edema, and neurological deficits in a rat model of ICH. Animals were assigned into groups consisting of sham (needle trauma), vehicle, and melatonin (15 or 150 mg/kg). All injections occurred through the intraperitoneal route, at either 15 min or 3 h after collagenase ICH induction. Then, lipid peroxidation, neurological scoring (18-point system), and brain water content were evaluated at 24h post-ICH. Results demonstrated dramatically increased lipid peroxidation after collagenase-induced ICH; however, melatonin treatment effectively attenuated this lipid peroxidation. Nonetheless, neurological scoring and brain water content in the right basal ganglia was without significant difference between any treatment regimens (15 or 150 mg/kg of melatonin) or time points of drug administration (15 min or 3 h post-ICH). Therefore, melatonin reduced oxidative stress but did not change extent of brain edema or neurologic deficits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lekic
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jadhav
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Titova
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017364:Collagenases; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017364:Collagenases; D008550:Melatonin