title: The effect of monoterpenes on swarming differentiation and haemolysin activity in Proteus mirabilis.
abstract: Urinary tract infection by Proteus mirabilis depends on several virulence properties that are coordinately regulated with swarming differentiation. Here we report the antibacterial and anti-swarming effect of seventeen terpenoids, and the effect of subinhibitory concentrations of five selected terpenoids on swarming, biofilm formation and haemolysin activity. The results showed that all the terpenes evaluated, particularly oxygenated terpenoids, inhibited P. mirabilis with MIC values ranging between 3 and 10 mg/L. Moreover, citral, citronellol and geraniol effectively inhibit P. mirabilis swarming in a dose dependent manner, reducing swimming/swarming cell differentiation and haemolysin activity at 1/10 MIC concentration. The inhibition of P. mirabilis swarming and virulence factor expression by selected oxygenated terpenoids suggest that essential oils with high concentration of these compounds have the potential to be developed as products for preventing P. mirabilis infections.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Caxias do Sul, Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Caxias do Sul, Brazil 95070-560. selaguna@ucs.br
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Echeverrigaray
authors.forename: Lessandra
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michelim
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Longaray Delamare
authors.forename: Cristiane Paim
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Sérgio Olavo
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Pinto da Costa
authors.forename: Jucimar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zacaria
mesh_terms: D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011513:Proteus mirabilis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D039821:Monoterpenes; D005990:Glycerol