title: Proatherosclerotic effects of chronic stress in male rats: altered phenylephrine sensitivity and nitric oxide synthase activity of aorta and circulating lipids.
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of chronic mild unpredictable stress (CMS) on the vasoconstrictor response and morphology of the thoracic aorta and serum lipid profiles in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were submitted to CMS, which consisted of the application of different stressors for 7 days per week across 3 weeks. The rats were sacrificed 15 days after CMS exposure. CMS induced supersensitivity to the vasoconstrictor effect of phenylephrine in endothelium-intact thoracic aortic rings without changes in aortic rings without endothelium, or pre-incubated with nitric oxide (NO) synthesis inhibitor. Rats submitted to CMS showed hypertrophy of the intima and tunica media of thoracic aorta, increased serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and atherogenic index, without changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, when compared with control rats. These data indicate that CMS induces physiological and morphological changes that may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis by mechanisms related to deficiency in NO production and dyslipidemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Laboratory of Stress, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.forename: M J C S
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Tamascia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Montemor
authors.forename: E A O
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Narvaes
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Bernardes
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Novaes
authors.forename: F K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Marcondes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D010656:Phenylephrine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D003345:Corticosterone