title: Report of Trichinella spiralis in a red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Northern Ireland.
abstract: No systematic studies of the occurrence of Trichinella in wildlife have been carried out in Northern Ireland (NI) in recent years, and the last reports of trichinellosis in livestock and human outbreaks in NI date back to 1979 and 1945, respectively. In this study, covering the period 2003/2004 and 2007/2008, a total of 443 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) were collected throughout the country and screened for trichinellosis using a modified muscle digest method. One examined animal was found to be infected with larvae from Trichinella spiralis, indicating a national prevalence in NI of Trichinella in foxes of 0.2%. This prevalence compares well to the findings reported from the bordering Republic of Ireland [Rafter, P., Marucci, G., Brangan, P., Pozio, E., 2005. Rediscovery of Trichinella spiralis in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Ireland after 30 years of oblivion. J. Infect. 50, 61-65] and could be a further indication for a sylvatic Trichinella life cycle existing independently from the domestic cycle.
authors.affiliation: Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, UK. i.zimmer@csl.gov.uk
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Fee
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spratt-Davison
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Boughtflower
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abernethy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005589:Foxes; D009660:Northern Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*