title: Notification of critical results: a College of American Pathologists Q-Probes study of 121 institutions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hospital accreditors are placing increased emphasis on the timeliness with which critical laboratory results are reported to caregivers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure the speed of critical result notification at a group of laboratories, identify factors associated with faster reporting, and place findings in the context of the time required to transport and test specimens and to correct critical abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Contemporaneous review of 3545 inpatient and emergency department critical result notifications in 121 laboratories enrolled in the College of American Pathologists Q-Probes program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median laboratory required a median of 5 minutes for staff to notify someone about a critical result once testing was complete. Laboratories affiliated with smaller institutions (P = .01), rural laboratories (P = .001), and sites that called results before releasing them from the laboratory computer (P = .02) were able to notify caregivers more quickly. There was variation among institutions in the time it took to notify caregivers (interquartile range, 1.5-8 minutes). At the median facility, notification took place 56.5 minutes after the specimen had been collected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The time required to notify caregivers of a critical laboratory result is a small proportion of the time taken to collect and test specimens or the time that has been reported for caregivers to correct abnormalities. Although failure to notify caregivers of critical results may represent an important patient safety vulnerability, the timeliness of laboratory notification is a minor contributor to total test turnaround time at most institutions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, St Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-0995, USA. paul@valenstein.org
authors.forename: Paul N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Valenstein
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Wagar
authors.forename: Ana K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Stankovic
authors.forename: Molly K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D019985:Benchmarking / Q000592:standards*; D017028:Caregivers; D003142:Communication; D018578:Hospital-Physician Relations; D006801:Humans; D007755:Laboratories, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D008499:Medical Records / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010337:Pathology Department, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D011786:Quality Control; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States