title: Determination of gaseous organic compounds in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan.
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze gaseous organic chemicals (GOCs) of high traffic (Nishinomiya City: 979,987 vehicles/day) and low traffic areas (Miki City: 29,338 vehicles/day) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and to evaluate general environment exposure by PAHs in GOCs. After air sampling using an OMNIPORE membrane filter (< 0.45 microm) and Porapak-QS, sorbents were extracted with solvent (dichloromethane: acetone (4:1 v/v), and analysis was carried out by GC-MS. Oxidative derivatives of diethylbenzene, such as diacethylbenzene and ethylacetophenone, were detected in GOCs. PAHs and phthalates in GOCs were measured. Pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene and benzo[ghi]perylene level were significantly higher in high traffic areas. The geometric mean of pyrene was 0.76 ng/m3 for low traffic areas and 1.96 ng/m3 for high traffic areas; benz[a]anthracene was found at 0.72 ng/m3 and 1.80 ng/m3 in low and high traffic areas, respectively; benzo[a]pyrene was found at 0.87 ng/m3 and 3.60 ng/m3 in low and high traffic areas, respectively and benzo[ghi]perylene was found at 0.57 ng/m3 and 3.04 ng/m3 in low and high traffic areas, respectively. The bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) level was the highest in the detected GOCs. The geometric mean of the DEHP levels in high traffic and low traffic areas were 484.85 and 387.26 ng/m3, respectively. Adult and child DEHP exposure levels were 145.32 and 300.33 ng/kg/day, respectively, in high traffic areas. In low traffic areas, adult and child DEHP exposure levels were 116.18 and 240.10 ng/kg/day, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. libra@hyo-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shima
authors.forename: Fumikazu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hatayama
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D007564:Japan; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005740:Gases; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D001335:Vehicle Emissions