title: Inhibitory and facilitatory location priming in patients with left-sided visual hemi-neglect.
abstract: In visual search for pop-out targets, reaction times are facilitated when the target on the current trial appears at a previous target location, and inhibited when it appears at a previous distractor location, relative to when it appears at a previously empty (neutral) location (Maljkovic and Nakayama, Perception and Psychophysics 58:977-991, 1996). However, while normal subjects are able to positively/negatively tag selected target/rejected distractor locations to guide search on the next trial, patients with visual hemi-neglect may have a (uni- or bilateral) deficit in these functions that may contribute to their disturbed visual scanning behavior. To examine this, using a pop-out search task, the present study assessed cross-trial facilitatory and inhibitory priming in 14 patients with left-sided visual hemi-neglect and in 14 age-, education-, and IQ-matched control subjects. The group of neglect patients did show significant facilitatory and inhibitory priming. However, while control subjects exhibited balanced effects of facilitation and inhibition, inhibition was relatively reduced in magnitude in neglect patients. In particular, inhibition was virtually absent in two patients with lesions affecting superior regions of the frontal cortex, putatively encroaching on the frontal eye field of the right hemisphere. These findings provide neuropsychological evidence that facilitatory and inhibitory priming effects are based on dissociable mechanisms, consistent with Geyer et al. (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 33:788-797, 2007).
authors.affiliation: Department Psychology, General and Experimental Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Leopoldstr. 13, 80802, Munich, Germany. finke@psy.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Finke
authors.forename: Leandra
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bucher
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kerkhoff
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: von Rosen
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Geyer
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bublak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D003118:Color Perception; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010468:Perceptual Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D010470:Perceptual Masking; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D014794:Visual Fields; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*