title: Does postembolization fever after chemoembolization have prognostic significance for survival in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate risk factors and prognostic significance of postembolization fever (PEF)--a temperature of more than 38.0 degrees C--after chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively analyzed data from 442 patients with unresectable HCC who underwent their first session of chemoembolization without other procedure-related complications except postembolization syndrome between January 2005 and December 2006. Of the 442 patients, 362 (81.9%) were men and 80 (18.1%) were women; patients ranged in age from 28 to 86 years (median, 61 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  PEF after chemoembolization developed in 91 patients (20.6%). Occurrence of PEF was closely associated with several clinical-laboratorial variables, although not with response to chemoembolization. With use of logistic regression analysis, however, a tumor size larger than 5 cm was the only independent factor related to PEF development (odds ratio, 8.192; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.641, 18.435; P < .001). Although PEF was not an independent predictor of progression-free survival, it significantly increased the risk of death by about 1.4-fold, in correlation with overall survival (hazard ratio, 1.378; 95% CI: 1.003, 1.893; P = .048).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PEF after chemoembolization in patients with HCC was strongly correlated with large tumor size and was a significant independent predictor of overall survival.
authors.affiliation: Center for Liver Cancer, National Cancer Center, 809 Madu 1-dong, Ilsan-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi 411-769, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ju Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Joong-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Joon-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyun-Beom
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Woo Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000401:mortality*; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate