title: The effects of health status, distress, alcohol and medicinal drug use on subsequent motor vehicle injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of health factors and substance use on subsequent motor vehicle collision (MVC) injuries of three different age groups, using the longitudinal dataset from the Canadian National Population Health Survey (NPHS) for the years 1994-2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  Path analysis technique was used to determine the relations between MVC injury and four risk factors: binge drinking; health status; distress; and medication use. The three demographic variables, age at 'baseline', sex, and immigration status were added into the model as control variables. Three age groups were examined: young=12-29.9; middle-aged=30-59.9 and old=60-85 years of age. The total sample size was 16,093.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A lower percentage of males, older persons, immigrants, and non-binge drinkers reported a subsequent MVC injury, as did respondents reporting better health and lower distress scores. Medication use was associated with higher subsequent MVC injuries. Path analysis found that among younger individuals, the variable binge drinking, was the only significant risk factor associated with subsequent injuries. In contrast, among middle-aged individuals, the variable medication use, was the only statistically significant risk factor for subsequent injuries. No variables were significant risk factors of injuries for older individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Various demographic and risk factors were found to influence injuries among a nationally representative sample of Canadians. Reported binge drinking among young individuals and medication use among middle-aged individuals were found to be risk factors for subsequent MVC injury. These findings support the need for continued focus on alcohol, drugs and traffic safety.
authors.affiliation: Population and Community Health Unit, Department of Family Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1. evingili@uwo.ca
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vingilis
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wilk
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000523:psychology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D016017:Odds Ratio; D055553:Prescription Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D055553:Prescription Drugs