title: Liquefaction of cornstalk in hot-compressed phenol-water medium to phenolic feedstock for the synthesis of phenol-formaldehyde resin.
abstract: Cornstalk powders were effectively liquefied in a hot-compressed phenol-water medium (1:4 wt/wt). The optimum liquefaction temperature was around 350 degrees C, where the liquid yield attained a maximum at about 70 wt%. The addition of sodium carbonate showed negligible effect over the Liquefaction product yields. When liquefied in phenol-water medium, essentially no phenol was combined with the liquid products, and the cornstalk-derived bio-oils were partially degraded monomeric and oligomeric products with a broad molecular distribution. Resol type bio-based phenol formaldehyde resins were readily synthesized from the cornstalk-derived bio-oils catalyzed by sodium hydroxide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Mingcun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chunbao Charles
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Mathew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leitch
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D002625:Chemistry, Organic / Q000379:methods*; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009821:Oils / Q000032:analysis; D019800:Phenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D012997:Solvents; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009821:Oils; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D005557:Formaldehyde; D019800:Phenol; C011529:phenol-formaldehyde resin