title: Voxel-based morphometry in individual patients: a pilot study in early Huntington disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) has proved a powerful method to detect subtle changes of gray matter (GM) at the group level but the role of VBM for the detection of GM changes in single subjects, especially in those with suspected neurodegenerative disorder, remains uncertain. Here, we performed single subject analyses in 22 patients in early stages of Huntington disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disorder with a well-known and characteristic pattern of GM loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  We applied an ANCOVA with age and gender as covariates and corrected for multiple statistical tests by false discovery rate (P < 0.05). Each patient was compared to 133 healthy controls. The same procedure was applied to 22 of the controls matched for age and gender in a pair-wise manner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our analyses yielded biologically plausible results in HD patients in which GM decrease within the caudate nucleus could be identified in 15 of the 16 most affected patients while GM decrease was found in only 1 control subject. Lowering the size of the control group yielded comparable results with 99 and 66 control subjects whereas sensitivity decreased with 33 control subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our pilot study demonstrates a potential role of VBM for the detection of cerebral GM changes in single subjects with suspected neurodegenerative disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. muehlau@lrz.tum.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mühlau
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wohlschläger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaser
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weindl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nunnemann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peinemann
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Etgen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ilg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000473:pathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity