title: Endothelial factors mediate aldosterone release via PKA-independent pathways.
abstract: Aldosterone synthesis is primarily regulated by angiotensin II and potassium ions. In addition, endothelial cell-secreted factors have been shown to regulate mineralocorticoid release. We analyzed the pathways that mediate endothelial cell-factor-induced aldosterone release from adrenocortical cells, NCI-H295R using endothelial cell-conditioned medium (ECM). The cAMP antagonist Rp-cAMP caused a 44% decrease in the ECM-induced aldosterone release but inhibition of cAMP-dependent PKA had no effect on aldosterone release. Interestingly, inhibition of cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor Epac with brefeldin-A decreased the ECM-induced aldosterone release by 45%. Similarly, inhibition of p38 MAP-kinase; PI-3-kinase and PKB significantly reduced the ECM-induced aldosterone release whereas inhibition of ERK1/2 and PKC did not decrease aldosterone release. These results provide evidence for the existence of a cAMP-dependent but PKA-independent pathway in mediating the ECM-induced aldosterone release and the significant influence of more than one signaling mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine III, Carl Gustav Carus Medical School, University of Technology, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany. Ishrath.Ansurudeen@uniklinikum-dresden.de
authors.forename: Ishrath
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ansurudeen
authors.forename: Holger S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Willenberg
authors.forename: Steffi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kopprasch
authors.forename: Alexander W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Krug
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ehrhart-Bornstein
authors.forename: Stefan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bornstein
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000450:Aldosterone; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C116122:RAPGEF3 protein, human