title: Evolution and outcome of diastolic dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diastolic dysfunction (DD) is highly prevalent and associated with increased morbidity and mortality, but its natural history remains poorly defined.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This cohort study sought to characterise the influence of clinical features, medical therapy and echocardiographic parameters on the progression of DD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 926 consecutive patients (aged 62 (14) years, 221 women) with DD and preserved systolic function. A repeat echocardiogram was performed in 199 patients > or =1 year after the baseline study (average 3.6 (1.4) years). Follow-up for 4.8 (2.5) years was 97% complete for the major endpoint of all-cause mortality. Cox regression analyses were performed to identify the associations of mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over follow-up, 142 patients died and 22 were admitted with heart failure. The independent predictors of death were age, hyperlipidaemia, co-morbid disease and restrictive filling. The degree of diastolic dysfunction remained stable in 52%, deteriorated in 27% and improved in 21%. There was a greater use of medical therapy in those with stable or worsening diastolic function; when the protective effects of these agents were taken into account in a multivariate model, improvement in diastolic dysfunction was associated with a survival benefit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DD is associated with all-cause mortality, independent of the presence of a major co-morbidity. The degree of DD remains stable in about 50% of patients, the population whose diastolic function improves over time has a more favourable outcome.
authors.affiliation: University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Achong
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wahi
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Marwick
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D054144:Heart Failure, Diastolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology