title: Reduced local recurrence of a single brain metastasis through microscopic total resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic impact of the resection of metastatic brain tumor cells infiltrating adjacent brain parenchyma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 2001 and February 2007, 94 patients (67 males and 27 females, with a mean age of 55.0 +/-12.0 years) underwent resection of a single brain metastasis, followed by systemic chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy. In 43 patients with tumors located in noneloquent areas, the authors performed microscopic total resections (MTRs) that included tumor cells infiltrating adjacent brain parenchyma, and they pathologically confirmed during surgery that the resection margins were free of tumor cells (MTR group). In 51 patients with lesions in eloquent locations, gross-total resections (GTRs) were performed without the removal of neighboring brain parenchyma (GTR group). The 2 groups were then compared for local recurrence and survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MTR group had better local control of the tumor than did the GTR group; 10 (23.3%) of 43 patients in the MTR group and 22 (43.1%) of 51 patients in the GTR group had a local recurrence (p = 0.04). The median time to tumor progression in the MTR group could not be calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method, whereas it was 11.4 months in the GTR group. The 1- and 2-year respective local recurrence rates were 29.1 and 29.1% in the MTR group and 58.6 and 63.2% in the GTR group (p = 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that the MTR procedure was associated with a decreased risk of local recurrence (p = 0.003). A Cox regression analysis revealed that the hazard ratio for a local recurrence in the MTR group versus the GTR group was 3.14 (95% CI 1.47-6.72, p = 0.003). There was no significant difference in the local recurrence rate between the MTR group without radiotherapy (10 [30.3%] of 33) and the GTR group with postoperative radiotherapy (5 [26.3%] of 19).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results in this study suggest that MTRs including tumor cells infiltrating adjacent brain parenchyma for a single brain metastasis provide better local tumor control.
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Oncology Clinic, Center for Specific Organs Cancer, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Heon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Young Zoon
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung Ho
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Sang Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hee Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jin Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Zo
authors.forename: Seung Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies