title: The dynamical information underpinning anticipation skill.
abstract: We examined the mechanisms underpinning anticipation of ground strokes in tennis by perturbing the dynamical information presented at different body regions (+ racket). We interchanged the dynamics at selected regions with those from strokes played to the opposite side of the court. Skilled and less skilled tennis players were required to anticipate stroke direction when presented with filmed sequences in stick figure format. There was a significant Skill x Condition interaction. Skilled players reported lower accuracy scores when both proximal (i.e., shoulders, hips, and legs) and distal (i.e., arm + racket) cues were interchanged, whereas the less skilled players showed a significant decrement only in the arm+racket condition. Findings suggest that skilled players rely on a more 'global' than 'local' perceptual strategy. The greatest decrement in performance and lowest response accuracy scores were reported in the arm + racket condition, highlighting the importance of end-effector information when anticipating opponents' intentions.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, The Henry Cotton Campus, 15-21 Webster Street, Liverpool L3 2ET, UK. m.williams@ljmu.ac.uk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mark Williams
authors.forename: Raoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huys
authors.forename: Rouwen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cañal-Bruland
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hagemann
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003463:Cues; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D009040:Motion Pictures; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D011187:Posture; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013715:Tennis / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult