title: 64-detector row CT cystography with virtual cystoscopy in the detection of bladder carcinoma: preliminary experience in selected patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to evaluate the role of computed tomography cystography (CTC) and virtual cystoscopy (VC) with 64-slice CT in diagnosing bladder lesions using flexible cystoscopy as the reference standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight patients with suspected bladder cancer and ten patients who had undergone transurethral resection of the bladder were studied by CTC and VC in both the supine and prone positions after distending the bladder with air. The patient population was divided into three groups based on lesion size at flexible cystoscopy. Results of the CT study were compared with those of flexible cystoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flexible cystoscopy depicted 88 bladder lesions in the 38 patients examined. Sensitivity and specificity values of CTC and VC alone were constantly lower than those of the combined-approach (group 1: 93.10% and 92.31%; group 2: 100% and 100%; group 3: 100% and 100%, respectively). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the combined approach decreases the lower dimensional threshold for lesion detection (1.4 mm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VC and CTC with 64-slice CT are promising diagnostic techniques for bladder cancers measuring 1-5 mm. Further studies on larger patient populations are required to validate our results.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Radiologiche, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza Università di Roma, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Roma, Italy. valeria.panebianco@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Panebianco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osimani
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lisi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santucci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ciccariello
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iori
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Passariello
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015588:Observer Variation; D018579:Patient Selection; D016684:Prone Position; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016683:Supine Position; D013997:Time Factors; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology