title: Aptitude of auricular and nasoseptal chondrocytes cultured under a monolayer or three-dimensional condition for cartilage tissue engineering.
abstract: To elucidate the characterizations of chondrocytes originating from auricular cartilage (donors: 10-15 years) and nasoseptal one (20-23 years), we evaluated proliferation or matrix synthesis of both cells cultured under monolayer and collagen type I (COL1) three-dimensional (3D) conditions. Three passages were needed until cell numbers of auricular chondrocytes in the 3D culture increased 1000-fold, although those in monolayer culture or nasoseptal monolayer and 3D cells reached a 1000-fold increase at four passages. When we cultured the tissue-engineered cartilage pellets made of the chondrocytes proliferated at 1000-fold increase, the pellets of monolayer cells maintained their sizes during the culture period. However, those of nasoseptal 3D cells began to shrink at day 1 and became approximately one-tenth in size at day 21. The downsizing of pellets may result from the upregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha or the related proteinases, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1, -2, and -3, and cathepsin B, suggesting that the nasoseptal chondrocytes, which are physiologically separated from COL1, may be hardly adapted for the COL1 3D proliferation condition. Ideally, these characteristics would have been compared between the chondrocytes from donors that are completely matched in ages. However, according to our data using closely matched ones, the auricular chondrocytes seemed to more rapidly proliferate and produce less proteinases during this 3D culture than the nasoseptal ones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cartilage and Bone Regeneration (Fujisoft), Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiyo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asawa
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: Tsuguharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Hisayo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Ko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsudaira
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takato
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoshi
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002401:Cathepsin B / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004425:Ear Cartilage / Q000166:cytology*; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D055171:Nasal Cartilages / Q000166:cytology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024043:Collagen Type II; D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C533912:CTSB protein, human; D002401:Cathepsin B; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases