title: Prospective associations of early-onset Axis I disorders with developing eating disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to analyze the developmental relationships of adolescent-onset Axis I mental disorders and eating disorders (EDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand three hundred eighteen adolescent twins born from 1983 to 1987 completed a professionally administered semistructured psychiatric interview at the age of 14 years and a questionnaire follow-up at the age of 17.5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eating disorders at the age of 17.5 years were significantly predicted by major depressive disorder (odds ratio, 5.9; 95% confidence interval, 2.6-15.3) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (odds ratio, 4.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-15.6) at the age of 14 years, when baseline EDs were excluded. Early-onset major depressive disorder in combination with GAD increased the likelihood of developing EDs compared with either mood or anxiety disorders alone. Similar risks and trends were evident in within-family analyses of twin pairs discordant for baseline predictors and ED outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depressive disorder and GAD that manifest at that age of 14 years predict future EDs. Analysis of discordant twins suggested that early-onset depressive disorder and GAD prospectively relate to EDs in adolescence, even after familial factors are taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. elina.sihvola@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sihvola
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keski-Rahkonen
authors.forename: Danielle M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dick
authors.forename: Hans W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Hoek
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raevuori
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pulkkinen
authors.forename: Mauri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marttunen
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaprio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014427:Twins / Q000523:psychology*