title: Phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-i/insulin receptor is present in all breast cancer subtypes and is related to poor survival.
abstract: Drugs that target the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and/or insulin receptor (IR) are currently under investigation for a variety of malignancies including breast cancer. Although we have previously reported that IGF-IR expression in primary breast tumors is common, the activation status of this receptor has not been examined in relation to survival. Phosphorylated IGF-IR/IR (P-IGF-IR/IR) and its downstream signaling partner phospho-S6 (P-S6) were evaluated immunohistochemically in tumor tissue microarrays representing 438 cases of invasive breast cancer. P-IGF-IR/IR (n = 114; P = 0.046) and total levels of IR (n = 122; P = 0.009) were indicative of poor survival, whereas total IGF-IR (n = 112; P = 0.304) was not. P-IGF-IR/IR and P-S6 were coordinately expressed in primary breast tumors (likelihood ratio, 11.57; P = 6.70 x 10(-4)). Importantly, P-IGF-IR/IR was detected in all breast cancer subtypes (luminal, 48.1%; triple negative, 41.9%; and HER2, 64.3%). In vitro, the IGF-IR/IR inhibitor BMS-536924 decreased phospho-RSK and P-S6, and significantly suppressed the growth of breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, SUM149, and AU565 representing the luminal, triple negative, and HER2 subtypes, respectively, in monolayer and soft agar. BMS-536924 also inhibited growth in tamoxifen resistant MCF-7 Tam-R cells while having little effect on immortalized normal breast epithelial cells. Thus, we can determine which patients have the activated receptor and provide evidence that P-IGF-IR/IR is a prognostic factor for breast cancer. Beyond this, P-IGF-IR/IR could be a predictive marker for response to IGF-IR and/or IR-targeted therapies, as these inhibitors may be of benefit in all breast cancer subtypes including those with acquired resistance to tamoxifen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Oncogenomic Research, Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Golareh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Habibi
authors.forename: Kaiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masoudi
authors.forename: Michelle Y C
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Anna L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Stratford
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Julia M W
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Finlay
authors.forename: Helen E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Robert I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carboni
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gottardis
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pollak
authors.forename: Sandra E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Dunn
mesh_terms: D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011728:Pyridones / Q000494:pharmacology; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C504983:BMS 536924; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D011728:Pyridones; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D011972:Receptor, Insulin