title: [Italian translation and validation of the Nordic IRSST standardized questionnaire for the analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data on self-reported symptoms and/or functional impairments are important in research on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). In such cases the availability of international standardized questionnaires is extremely important since they permit comparison of studies performed in different Countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Translation into Italian and validation of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), a tool which is widely used in studies on WRMSDs in the international scientific literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  The extended Canadian version of the NMQ was translated into Italian. As per the current guidelines, the cross-cultural adaptation was performed by translation of the items from French, back-translation by independent mother-tongue translators and committee review. The resulting version of the questionnaire underwent pre-testing in 3 independent groups of subjects. The comprehensibility, reliability (internal consistency and reproducibility) and sensitivity were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After translation/back-translation and review of the items the comprehensibility of the Italian version of the questionnaire was judged good in a group of 40 workers. The internal consistency was evaluated using the Cronbach's Alpha test in the same group and in another 98 engineering workers: the results were on the whole acceptable. The reproducibility, which was tested with Cohen's Kappa test in the 40 workers, was good/excellent. In a preliminary evaluation, performed in 30 outpatients of a of Rehabilitation Service, sensitivity was very good.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that the Italian version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire is valid for self-administration and can be applied in 'field" studies on self-reported musculoskeletal symptoms and functional impairments in group of workers.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Medicina del Lavoro, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Dipartimento di Scienze di Sanità Pubblica, Modena. f.gobba@unimore.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gobba
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghersi
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.forename: Arianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Richeldi
authors.forename: Piera
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clerici
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grazioli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires