title: Neuroprotective effects of hydrogen saline in neonatal hypoxia-ischemia rat model.
abstract: Cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (HI) represents a major cause of brain damage in the term newborn. This study aimed to examine the short and long-term neuroprotective effect of hydrogen saline (H(2) saline) using an established neonatal HI rat pup model. Seven-day-old rat pups were subjected to left common carotid artery ligation and then 90 min hypoxia (8% oxygen at 37 degrees C). H(2) saturated saline was administered by peritoneal injection (5 ml/kg) immediately and again at 8 h after HI insult. At 24 h after HI, the pups were decapitated and brain morphological injury was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC), Nissl, and TUNEL staining. Acute cell death, inflammation and oxidative stress were evaluated at 24 h by studying caspase-3 activity, MDA measurement as well as Iba-1 immunochemistry in the brain. At 5 weeks after HI, spontaneous activity test and Morris water maze test were conducted. We observed that H(2) saline treatment reduced the caspase activity, MDA, Iba-1 levels, the infarct ratio, and improved the long-term neurological and neurobehavioral functions. H(2) saline has potentials in the clinical treatment of HI and other ischemia-related cerebral diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diving Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: WenWu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: RunPing
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xuejun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: C100745:Aif1 protein, rat; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006859:Hydrogen; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3