title: Somatostatin receptor sst2 decreases cell viability and hormonal hypersecretion and reverses octreotide resistance of human pituitary adenomas.
abstract: In human somatotroph adenomas, growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion can be inhibited by somatostatin analogues such as octreotide. Unfortunately, serum GH levels reach normal values in only 60% of treated patients. The decreased sensitivity to octreotide is strongly related to a lower expression of somatostatin receptor sst2. In this present study, the sst2 gene was transferred by an adenoviral vector (Ad-sst2) in human somatotroph (n = 7) and lactotroph (n = 2) adenomas in vitro. Sst2 mRNA levels and sst2 immunostaining dramatically increased after infection. Ten days after infection at 20 multiplicity of infection (MOI), sst2 gene transfer decreased cell viability from 19% to 90% by caspase-dependent apoptosis. At low viral doses (5 MOI), Ad-sst2 decreased GH or prolactin (PRL) basal secretion and mRNA expression. Somatotroph tumors were classified in three groups according to their octreotide sensitivity. Four days after infection by 5 MOI Ad-sst2, the maximal GH suppression by octreotide increased from 31% to 57% in the octreotide partially resistant group and from 0% to 27% in the resistant ones. In the octreotide-sensitive group, EC(50) values significantly decreased from 1.3 x 10(-11) to 6.6 x 10(-13) mol/L without improving maximal GH suppression. Finally, lactotroph tumors, nonresponding to octreotide in basal conditions, became octreotide sensitive with a maximal PRL suppression of 43% at 10(-8) mol/L. Therefore, sst2 reexpression is able to improve octreotide sensitivity. Sst2 gene transfer may open new therapeutic strategies in treatment combined with somatostatin analogues.
authors.affiliation: Center of Research in Neurobiology-Neurophysiology of Marseille, UMR 6231 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Fédératif Jean-Roche, University of Méditerranée, Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Acunzo
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thirion
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: Alexandru
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saveanu
authors.forename: Ginette
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gunz
authors.forename: Anne Laure
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Germanetti
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Couderc
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Figarella-Branger
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brue
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Enjalbert
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barlier
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D049912:Growth Hormone-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015282:Octreotide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015175:Prolactinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D011388:Prolactin; C093733:somatostatin receptor 2; D015282:Octreotide