title: Minimally invasive management of spinal metastases.
abstract: In most patients who have spinal metastases, treatment is mainly palliative. The conventional surgical methods carry higher risks of complications and postoperative morbidity. Minimally invasive spinal interventions seem to be reasonable alternatives to treat spinal metastatic disease. These procedures can result in less soft tissue trauma, lower blood loss, shorter hospitalization time and are better tolerated by the patients. In this review, the techniques and results of minimally invasive management in spinal metastasis, including percutaneous image-guided interventions (vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and radiofrequency ablation) and minimally invasive surgical techniques (endoscopic and minimal access operations), are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Lutfi Kirdar Research Hospital, Semsi Denizer Cd. E-5 Karayolu Cevizli Mevkii 34890, Kartal, Istanbul, Turkey. oofluoglu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Onder
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ofluoglu
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D010166:Palliative Care; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*