The chronic ankle instability scale: clinimetric properties of a multidimensional, patient-assessed instrument.
OBJECTIVE
To construct the chronic ankle instability scale (CAIS) and evaluate its clinimetric properties.


METHODS
Validation study. The test procedure was conducted at the University Hospital of the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.


METHODS
Twenty-nine patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) were selected.


METHODS
Content validity, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, floor-ceiling effects, construct validity and the minimal detectable change of the CAIS were investigated.


RESULTS
After final item reduction, the CAIS contains 14 items. Weighted kappa coefficients of the items ranged from .50 to .94. The intraclass correlation coefficient for the total score was .84 (p<.05). The standard error of measurement of the total score was 2.7 points; the minimal detectable change 4.7 points. Cronbach alpha coefficients for the subscales ranged from .62 to .80. The "impairments" subscale score of the CAIS did not correlate significantly with talar tilt values (Rho respectively -.05 and -.07; p>.05). The "disabilities" subscale score of the CAIS correlated significantly with both the timed test performance (Rho respectively -.38 and -.40; p<.05) and the perceived difficulty of the multiple hop test (Rho respectively -.41 and -.49; p<.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The CAIS is a valid and reliable instrument for quantifying the multidimensional profile of patients with CAI. Future research should investigate the responsiveness of the CAIS and determine its minimally clinical important difference.
Eechaute
Christophe
C
Department of Physical Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium. christophe.eechaute@belgacom.net
Vaes
Peter
P
Duquet
William
W
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001530:Belgium; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010358:Patient Participation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D055815:Young Adult