title: Altered nano/micro-order elasticity of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells of patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) is a disease characterized by progressively increased resistance of pulmonary arteries. In this study, we evaluated the mechanical property of single pulmonary artery smooth muscles cells (PASMC) from patients with IPAH and tested whether the PASMC showed abnormal response to a vasodilator by use of an atomic force microscope (AFM).
  
  
  METHODS
  PASMC were isolated and cultured from explanted lungs of 7 patients with IPAH (IPAH-PASMC). Normal vascular specimens from 3 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma were used as normal controls (normal PASMC). The nano/micro-order elasticity of five to ten living PASMC in each sample was measured by parabolic force curves of cantilever deflection/indentation obtained by using an AFM. The elasticity measurements were performed under control conditions and under condition of nitric oxide (NO) treatment (190 and 380 nmol/L).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between nano/micro-order elasticity of normal PASMC and that of IPAH-PASMC under the control conditions. In normal PASMC, NO (190 and 380 nmol/L) significantly reduced (i.e., softened) the nano/micro-order elasticity. However, NO did not reduce elasticity in IPAH-PASMC, indicating higher vasodilator-resistive nano/micro-order rigidity in IPAH-PASMC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nano/micro-order elasticity change in PASMC in response to vasodilation induced by NO is reduced in patients with IPAH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. ichibun@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Juichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Katsushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujio
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohta-Ogo
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohri
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Kengo Fukushima
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kusano
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Date
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kajiya
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D049329:Nanostructures; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide