title: [What's new in the molecular basis of antifungal drug resistance in pathogenic yeasts].
abstract: Drug resistance in various organisms including cancer cells, bacteria and fungi is a serious issue for human disease therapy, including use of anticancer drugs, antibiotics and antifungals, respectively. Candida strains resistant to the azole class of antifungal drugs, have been isolated frequently from HIV patients following prophylaxis with azole drugs such as fluconazole. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the emergence of drug-resistant clinical isolates, despite the recent introduction of new, effective classes of antifungal drugs such as the azole voriconazole, and the candin micafungin. In this review we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to the azole and candin antifungal agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioactive Molecules, National Institute of Infectious Diseases.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niimi
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000502:physiology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077551:Micafungin; D009154:Mutation; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013261:Sterols / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; C466994:AUS1 protein, S cerevisiae; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001393:Azoles; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; C466995:PDR11 protein, S cerevisiae; D011743:Pyrimidines; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D013261:Sterols; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014230:Triazoles; C113958:UPC2 protein, S cerevisiae; D015725:Fluconazole; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C526348:Erg11 protein, S cerevisiae; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C020570:1,3-beta-glucan synthase; D065819:Voriconazole; D000077551:Micafungin