title: Amphritea japonica sp. nov. and Amphritea balenae sp. nov., isolated from the sediment adjacent to sperm whale carcasses off Kagoshima, Japan.
abstract: Two novel species were isolated from the sediment adjacent to sperm whale carcasses off Kagoshima, Japan, at a depth of about 230 m. The isolated strains, JAMM 1866(T), JAMM 1548 and JAMM 1525(T), were Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming and motile by means of a single polar or bipolar flagellum. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains JAMM 1866(T) and JAMM 1548 indicated a relationship to the symbiotic bacterial clone R21 of Osedax japonicus (100 % sequence similarity) and all three isolates were closely related to Amphritea atlantica (97.7-97.8 % similarity) within the class Gammaproteobacteria. The novel isolates were able to produce isoprenoid quinone Q-8 as the major component. The predominant fatty acids were C(16 : 0), C(16 : 1) and C(18 : 1), with C(12 : 1) 3-OH present in smaller amounts. The DNA G+C contents of the three isolated strains were about 47 mol%. Based on differences in taxonomic characteristics, the three isolated strains represent two novel species of the genus Amphritea for which the names Amphritea japonica sp. nov. (type strain JAMM 1866(T)=JCM 14782(T)=ATCC BAA-1530(T); reference strain JAMM 1548) and Amphritea balenae sp. nov. (type strain JAMM 1525(T)=JCM 14781(T)=ATCC BAA-1529(T)) are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Extremobiosphere Research Center, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokosuka, Japan. miyazakim@jamstec.go.jp
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nogi
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawato
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagahama
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubokawa
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D044130:Oceanospirillaceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity; D050661:Sperm Whale
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S