title: Comparison of CT virtual cystoscopy of the contrast material-filled bladder with conventional cystoscopy in the diagnosis of bladder tumours.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the value of virtual cystoscopy using contrast material to fill the bladder during routine abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) examinations for the detection of bladder tumours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three consecutive patients (25 men and eight women; are range 51-82 years; mean age+/-SD, 65+/-7 years) who had painless macroscopic haematuria and were suspected to have bladder neoplasms were prospectively evaluated with virtual cystoscopy. After intravenous injection of contrast medium, the contrast material-filled bladders were examined with single-detector helical CT with 2-mm section thicknesses. Source CT data were transferred to a workstation for interactive navigation using surface rendering. All the patients also underwent conventional cystoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of virtual cystoscopy were compared with the findings from the conventional cystoscopy. Seventy-one of 78 bladder tumours detected with conventional cystoscopy in 28 patients were also shown on virtual images. The bladders of five patients appeared normal on both conventional cystoscopy and virtual cystoscopy. On virtual cystoscopy, seven of the 12 lesions that were < or =5 mm in diameter could be identified. The following statistical values for the identification of bladder lesions using virtual cystoscopy were calculated: sensitivity 94%, specificity 90%, positive predictive value 87%, negative predictive value 93%, and accuracy 93%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT virtual cystoscopy is a noninvasive technique that can be used successfully for detection of bladder tumours >5 mm in selected cases during daily routine abdominopelvic work.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Selcuk University Meram Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kivrak
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kiresi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Emlik
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Odev
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kilinc
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media