title: The effects of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on ovarian blood flow, oxidative stress markers, and morphology during laparoscopy: a rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of CO(2) pneumoperitoneum on the ovaries in an experimental pneumoperitoneum model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen adult female conventional rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group I (8 rabbits) was not subjected to intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). In group II (8 rabbits), IAP insufflation was performed at 12 mm Hg. In total, 60 minutes of pneumoperitoneum and 10 minutes of reperfusion were maintained. Ovarian blood flow (OBF) was studied using laser Doppler flowmetry. The time points of OBF measurements were as follows: OBFbaseline, 10 minutes before insufflation; OBF30min, 30 minutes after pneumoperitoneum; OBF60min, 60 minutes after pneumoperitoneum; and OBFreperfusion, 10 minutes after pneumoperitoneum desufflation. Mean OBF changes during CO(2) pneumoperitoneum (OBFmean) were also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood perfusion units, tissue malondialdehyde values, and histopathologic damage scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group II, mean OBF values were significantly lower than in group I, especially for OBF30min, OBF60min, OBFreperfusion, and OBFmean. The mean tissue malondialdehyde value for group II was significantly higher than in the control group (104.48 +/- 20.07 nmol/g vs. 64.12 +/- 8.77 nmol/g, respectively). Compared with group I, in group II histologic specimens of the ovaries had higher scores for follicular cell degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, and inflammatory cell infiltration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pneumoperitoneum, even at normal IAP levels, leads to significant oxidative stress-induced biochemical and histologic damage to the ovaries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karadeniz Technical University, School of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey. drsuleymanguven@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guven
authors.forename: Efnan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muci
authors.forename: Mesut A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Unsal
authors.forename: Esin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yulug
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alver
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kadioglu Duman
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mentese
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism*; D010053:Ovary / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D011027:Pneumoperitoneum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011817:Rabbits; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde