title: An International Reference Reagent (minimum sensitivity) for the detection of anti-human platelet antigen 1a.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The platelet-specific alloantibody anti-human platelet antigen (HPA) 1a is involved in feto-maternal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, post-transfusion purpura and platelet refractoriness. The existing minimum potency preparation for the detection of anti-HPA-1a (NIBSC code 93/710) was established by World Health Organization in 1997 and is used by laboratories to validate new assays or to calibrate 'in-house' controls. However, it has been well-used and a replacement is required. This report describes the production and comparative evaluation of a freeze-dried preparation of pooled human plasma, coded 05/106, containing anti-HPA-1a.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma containing anti-HPA-1a was obtained and 2974 1-ml aliquots were prepared and freeze-dried in glass ampoules. In order to characterize the material and compare it to the existing reference material, three collaborative studies were organized, involving a total of 50 different laboratories in 23 countries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As expected only anti-HPA-1a could be detected in the plasma and no additional HPA or human leucocyte antigen antibodies were detected. When tested in titration, there was a wide variation in the sensitivity of antibody detection by different laboratories, irrespective of the technique used. However, there was no significant difference between the two materials when compared using a t-test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When diluted 1 in 2, most laboratories were able to detect the presence of anti-HPA-1a in both materials and the participants agreed that this was an appropriate level to set as the minimum sensitivity required. In October 2007, the World Health Organization Expert Committee on Biological Standardization approved the material 05/106 as an International Reference Reagent.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, UK. pmetcalfe@nibsc.ac.uk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Metcalfe
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kekomaki
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Haas
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Ouwehand
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet / Q000032:analysis*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000592:standards; D039661:Integrin beta3; D015588:Observer Variation; D012015:Reference Standards; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D016824:Antigens, Human Platelet; D006680:HLA Antigens; C061248:ITGB3 protein, human; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D039661:Integrin beta3