title: The documentation of health problems in relation to prescribed medication in people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Persons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) suffer from a wide range of health problems and use a wide range of different drugs. This study investigated for frequently used medication whether there was a health problem documented in the medical notes for the drug prescribed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Persons with PIMD with an estimated intelligence quotient of 25 and profound or severe motor disorders were studied. Data on health problems were taken from medical notes and prescribing data were obtained from pharmacies. Data covering 1 year were analysed. For four therapeutic areas (anticonvulsants, laxatives, drugs for peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and psycholeptics), we determined whether we could find an indication for prescribed medication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Some 254 persons with PIMD (46% male, 54% female; median age 49 years, range 6-82) from eight residential facilities participated. Some 226 participants (89%) were prescribed medication over the course of 1 year. An indication for the prescribed medication was documented for 92% (n = 130) (95% confidence interval 88-96%) of 141 participants on anticonvulsants, for 68% (n = 112) (61-75%) of 165 participants on laxatives, for 44% (n = 58) (36-52%) of 132 participants on drugs for peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and for 89% (n = 102) (83-95%) of 115 participants on psycholeptic drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The best level of documentation was found for anticonvulsants the worst for drugs for peptic ulcer and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Lack of documenting an indication may be due to off-label use, inadvertent continuation of no longer indicated medication, inadequate documentation and underdiagnosis. Adequate documentation practices are essential because of the communication problems that are characteristic for persons with PIMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacotherapy and Pharmaceutical Care, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: van der Heide
authors.forename: A A J
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van der Putten
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taxis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vlaskamp
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D055553:Prescription Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D055553:Prescription Drugs