title: Rosmarinic acid, a photo-protective agent against UV and other ionizing radiations.
abstract: Solar UV and other ionizing radiations cause a generation of reactive oxygen species, induce cellular DNA damage and alter skin homeostasis. The use of exogenous antioxidants is increasingly frequents, we attempt to demonstrate that a rosmarinic acid extract acts as photo-protector; both free radical scavenger as an inducer of the body's own endogenous defence mechanisms by regulating tyrosinase activity and stimulating melanin production. Malonyldialdehyde formation (TBARS) was delayed when RA was used. The protection factor was 3.24 times vs AA. TEAC value for RA was 1.6 times vs AA. The radioprotective-antimutagenic effects of RA were measure using the micronucleus test. The level of micronucleous for treatments before irradiation was: RA [14]<AA [22]<DMSO [28]<Control [32], and after irradiation was: RA [23]<AA [25]<DMSO [31]<Control [32]. RA increased the Tyr activity and its expression level in B16 melanoma cells after stimulation lasting 48 h compared with the negative control. In vivo experiments show the capacity of RA orally administered to inhibit cutaneous alterations caused by UVA exposure (skin photocarcinogenesis). Therefore, according all these experiences, RA can be proposed as a proper photo-protective agent.
authors.affiliation: Food Safety Department, Centro Tecnológico Nacional de Conserva y Alimentación, Concordia s/n, 20500 Molina de Segura, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Campillo
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gabaldon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Benavente-García
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Del Baño
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alcaraz
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lozano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D053630:Depsides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011855:Radiodermatitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid