title: Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham, Version IV Scale-Teacher Form.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of Swanson, Nolan and Pelham IV Scale (SNAP-IV)-Teacher Form.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample included a representative sample of 3,653 first to eighth graders (boys, 52.3%) and 190 children diagnosed with ADHD (aged 6-15). Teachers completed the Chinese versions of the SNAP-IV, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The confirmatory factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure (inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and opposition) with an adequate fit (Comparative Fit Index = 0.990; root mean square error of approximation = 0.058). The test-retest reliability (intraclass correlations = 0.60-0.84), internal consistency (alpha = .88-.95), and concurrent validity (Pearson correlations = 0.61-0.84) were satisfactory. Children with both ADHD and oppositional defiant/conduct disorders had the highest scores, followed by children with ADHD only who had intermediate scores and then school-based participants who had the lowest scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that the Chinese SNAP-IV-Teacher Form is a reliable and valid instrument for rating ADHD and oppositional symptoms (ClinicalTrials.Gov number, NCT00491361).
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. gaushufe@ntu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Susan Shur-Fen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gau
authors.forename: Chien-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Fu-Chang
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Chi-Yung
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Yu-Chih
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shih-Kai
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D013624:Taiwan