title: Characterization of a murine model of monocrotaline pyrrole-induced acute lung injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  New animal models of chronic pulmonary hypertension in mice are needed. The injection of monocrotaline is an established model of pulmonary hypertension in rats. The aim of this study was to establish a murine model of pulmonary hypertension by injection of the active metabolite, monocrotaline pyrrole.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survival studies, computed tomographic scanning, histology, bronchoalveolar lavage were performed, and arterial blood gases and hemodynamics were measured in animals which received an intravenous injection of different doses of monocrotaline pyrrole.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Monocrotaline pyrrole induced pulmonary hypertension in Sprague Dawley rats. When injected into mice, monocrotaline pyrrole induced dose-dependant mortality in C57Bl6/N and BALB/c mice (dose range 6-15 mg/kg bodyweight). At a dose of 10 mg/kg bodyweight, mice developed a typical early-phase acute lung injury, characterized by lung edema, neutrophil influx, hypoxemia and reduced lung compliance. In the late phase, monocrotaline pyrrole injection resulted in limited lung fibrosis and no obvious pulmonary hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Monocrotaline and monocrotaline pyrrole pneumotoxicity substantially differs between the animal species.
authors.affiliation: University of Giessen Lung Center, Giessen, Germany. rio.dumitrascu@uglc.de
authors.forename: Rio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dumitrascu
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koebrich
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dony
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weissmann
authors.forename: Rajkumar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Savai
authors.forename: Soni S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pullamsetti
authors.forename: Hossein A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Ghofrani
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samidurai
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Traupe
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Seeger
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grimminger
authors.forename: Ralph T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Schermuly
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008170:Lung Compliance; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016686:Monocrotaline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: C014114:monocrotaline pyrrole; D016686:Monocrotaline