title: Lower serum creatinine is a new risk factor of type 2 diabetes: the Kansai healthcare study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because skeletal muscle is one of the target tissues for insulin, skeletal muscle mass might be associated with type 2 diabetes. Serum creatinine is a possible surrogate marker of skeletal muscle mass. The purpose of this study was to determine whether serum creatinine level is associated with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study participants were nondiabetic Japanese men (n = 8,570) aged 40-55 years at entry. Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed if fasting plasma glucose was >or=126 mg/dl or if participants were taking oral hypoglycemic medication or insulin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 4-year follow-up period, 877 men developed type 2 diabetes. Lower serum creatinine was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The multiple-adjusted odds ratio for those who had serum creatinine levels between 0.40 and 0.60 mg/dl was 1.91 (95% CI 1.44-2.54) compared with those who had levels between 0.71 and 0.80 mg/dl.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower serum creatinine increased the risk of type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harita
authors.forename: Tomoshige
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Kyoko Kogawa
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.forename: Ginji
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kambe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine