title: Harnessing invariant NKT cells in vaccination strategies.
abstract: To optimize vaccination strategies, it is important to use protocols that can 'jump-start' immune responses by harnessing cells of the innate immune system to assist the expansion of antigen-specific B and T cells. In this Review, we discuss the evidence indicating that invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells can positively modulate dendritic cells and B cells, and that their pharmacological activation in the presence of antigenic proteins can enhance antigen-specific B- and T-cell responses. In addition, we describe structural and kinetic analyses that assist in the design of optimal iNKT-cell agonists that could be used in the clinical setting as vaccine adjuvants.
authors.affiliation: Tumour Immunology Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK. vincenzo.cerundolo@imm.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cerundolo
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Silk
authors.forename: S Hajar
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Masri
authors.forename: Mariolina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salio
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D055610:Antigens, CD1d / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005544:Forecasting; D005699:Galactosylceramides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance / Q000276:immunology; D007239:Infections / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D055611:Natural Killer T-Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000276:immunology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D055610:Antigens, CD1d; D016207:Cytokines; D005699:Galactosylceramides; D006017:Glycolipids; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; C493154:alpha-galactosylceramide