title: Excess drug prescriptions during influenza and RSV seasons in the Netherlands: potential implications for extended influenza vaccination.
abstract: Influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections are responsible for considerable morbidity, mortality and health-care resource use. For the Netherlands, we estimated age and risk-group specific numbers of antibiotics, otologicals and cardiovascular prescriptions per 10,000 person-years during periods with elevated activity of influenza or RSV, and compared these with peri-season rates. Data were taken from the University of Groningen in-house prescription database (www.iadb.nl) and virological surveillance for the period 1998-2006. During influenza and RSV periods excess antibiotic prescriptions were estimated for all age groups. In the age groups 0-1 and 2-4 years, excess antibiotic prescriptions during periods with elevated RSV activity (65% and 59% of peri-seasonal rates) exceeded the surpluses estimated during the influenza-activity periods (24% and 34% of peri-seasonal rates) while for otologicals excess prescriptions were higher for influenza (22% and 27%) than for RSV (14% and 17%). Among persons of 50 years and older, notably those without medical high-risk conditions, excess prescriptions for cardiovascular medications were estimated during the influenza periods at approximately 10% (this was also already seen in persons aged 45-49). Our results may have implications for influenza vaccination policies. In particular, extension of influenza vaccination to groups of non-elderly adults and young children may lower excess prescriptions during these influenza periods for all three types of drug prescriptions investigated.
authors.affiliation: Unit of PharmacoEpidemiology & PharmacoEconomics (PE(2)), Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M D M
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Assink
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kiewiet
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rozenbaum
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Van den Berg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hak
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Buskens
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wilschut
authors.forename: A C M
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kroes
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Postma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents