title: Do children with ADHD and/or PDD-NOS differ in reactivity of alpha/theta ERD/ERS to manipulations of cognitive load and stimulus relevance?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined whether the method of event-related (de-)synchronization (ERD/ERS) revealed differential effects of selective attention and working memory load in children (8-11 years) with pervasive developmental disorder - not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen healthy controls and three equally large groups of children with symptoms of PDD-NOS, ADHD or both (PDD/HD) performed a visual selective memory search task. The EEG was recorded from which occipital alpha and frontal theta were derived.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effects of the overall task manipulations of task load, relevance and target/nontarget were clearly present in the overall analyses of alpha and theta ERD/ERS. However, no significant differences with respect to these manipulations existed between any of the subject groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results supply no evidence for a distinction in information processing abilities of selective attention and working memory as reflected by alpha and theta ERD/ERS between children diagnosed with either ADHD, PDD-NOS or healthy controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alpha and theta ERD/ERS are sensitive to manipulations of task load, relevance and target/nontarget, but supply no additional information on possible group differences in comparison to the more frequently used method of event-related potentials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: H Karin
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Gomarus
authors.forename: Albertus A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wijers
authors.forename: Ruud B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Minderaa
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Althaus
mesh_terms: D000513:Alpha Rhythm; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011930:Reaction Time; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013826:Theta Rhythm