title: Mulberry leaf ameliorates the expression profile of adipocytokines by inhibiting oxidative stress in white adipose tissue in db/db mice.
abstract: Previous study showed that mulberry (Morus Alba L.) leaf (ML) ameliorates atherosclerosis in apoE(-/-) mice. Although the adipocytokine dysregulation is an important risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, the effect of ML on metabolic disorders related to adipocytokine dysregulation and inflammation has not been studied. Therefore, we studied the effects of ML in metabolic disorders and examined the mechanisms by which ML ameliorates metabolic disorders in db/db mice. We treated db/db mice with ML, pioglitazone, or both for 12 weeks and found that ML decreased blood glucose and plasma triglyceride. Co-treatment with ML and pioglitazone showed additive effects compared with pioglitazone. Moreover, their co-treatment attenuated the body weight increase observed under the pioglitazone treatment. ML treatment also increased the expression of adiponectin, and decreased the expression of TNF-alpha, MCP-1, and macrophage markers in white adipose tissue (WAT). Furthermore, ML decreased lipid peroxides and the expression of NADPH oxidase subunits in WAT and liver. Their co-treatment enhanced these effects. Thus, ML ameliorates adipocytokine dysregulation at least in part through inhibiting oxidative stress in WAT of db/db mice, and that ML may be a basis for a pharmaceutical for the treatment of the metabolic syndrome as well as reducing adverse effects of pioglitazone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Innovative Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Yukinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: Parinda
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Khaengkhan
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ariyasu
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akamizu
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Shigeharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Kaeko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokode
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008066:Lipolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D031625:Morus; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves; D021122:Protein Subunits; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; C499919:Adipoq protein, mouse; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; C491768:Ccl2 protein, mouse; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D021122:Protein Subunits; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002784:Cholesterol; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D000077205:Pioglitazone