Basic and clinical immunology of Siglecs.
Siglecs are cell-surface proteins found primarily on hematopoietic cells. By definition, they are members of the immunoglobulin gene super-family and bind sialic acid. Most contain cytoplasmic tyrosine motifs implicated in cell signaling. This review will first summarize characteristics common and unique to Siglecs, followed by a discussion of each human Siglec in numerical order, mentioning in turn its closest murine ortholog or paralog. Each section will describe its pattern of cellular expression, latest known immune functions, ligands, and signaling pathways, with the focus being predominantly on CD33-related Siglecs. Potential clinical and therapeutic implications of each Siglec will also be covered.
von Gunten
Stephan
S
Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, MD 21224-6821, USA.
Bochner
Bruce S
BS
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3; D063265:Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins; D015398:Signal Transduction
D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; C571163:CD33 protein, human; D037102:Lectins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3; D063265:Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid