title: "Cancer antigen WT1 protein-derived peptide"-based treatment of cancer -toward the further development.
abstract: Cancer immunotherapy targeting tumor-associated antigens is now being developed. Wilms' tumor gene WT1-encoding protein is one of the promising target antigens for cancer immunotherapy, because the gene has an oncogenic function and is expressed in many kinds of malignancies. Furthermore, a series of investigations indicated that WT1 protein was highly immunogenic in cancer patients. Based on the analysis of anchor residues that were important for the interaction between peptides and HLA class I molecules, WT1 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes with the restriction of HLA-A 0201 and HLA-A 2402 were identified, and clinical trials of WT1 peptide vaccination for cancer patients with these HLA class I types were started. The vaccination-driven immunological and/or clinical responses were reported in patients with myeloid malignancies, multiple myeloma, and several solid cancers. Pediatric malignancies also may be target diseases for WT1 peptide vaccination in the future. Addition of HLA class II-restricted WT1 helper epitope peptide, chemotherapy, or molecular-target-based drug to WT1 CTL epitope peptide-based vaccination may enhance the power and usefulness of WT1 peptide vaccine. Other modalities, including gene therapy using genes encoding WT1-specific T cell receptor or DNA vaccination, are also expected to be developed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Allergy and Rheumatic Diseases, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2, Yamada-Oka, Suita City, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. yoshi@imed3.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.forename: Fumihiro
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fujiki
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirakata
authors.forename: Sumiyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosen
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Zheyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kawase
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oji
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D025721:WT1 Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010455:Peptides; D025721:WT1 Proteins