title: Biomechanical study of cross-locked cruciate versus Strickland flexor tendon repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Zone II flexor tendon repairs may create a bulging effect with resistance to tendon gliding. A biomechanical study was performed comparing the 4-strand cross-locked cruciate (CLC) to a 4-strand Strickland repair, both with and without an interlocking horizontal mattress (IHM) suture, in terms of strength characteristics and work of flexion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen fresh-frozen human fingers were placed in a custom jig. Flexor digitorum profundus tendons were sectioned at the A3 pulley level. Fingers were separated into 2 repair groups: 4-strand CLC and 4-strand Strickland core suture. Work of flexion was determined for each group, with and without an IHM circumferential suture. Final repair including IHM was tested for 2-mm gap failure and ultimate load to failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CLC-IHM had a significantly smaller increase in work of flexion than the Strickland-IHM. For both suture types, the circumferential suture resulted in a statistically significant increase in work of flexion; however, peak entry force produced upon entry of the repair into the A2 pulley was reduced, although the decrease was not statistically significant for each group. The CLC-IHM had a significantly higher ultimate load to failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) The CLC-IHM suture method is stronger with less work of flexion than the Strickland-IHM method. (2) This new, combination repair method of CLC core suture with IHM circumferential suture is biomechanically superior to the commonly performed Strickland-IHM technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University, Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA. drvigler@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mordechai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vigler
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palti
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Vipul P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nasser
authors.forename: Steve K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D005383:Finger Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009757:Nylons; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013537:Sutures; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D013718:Tensile Strength; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D009757:Nylons