title: A novel bioreactor for ligament tissue engineering.
abstract: Bioreactors are defined as devices in which biological and/or biochemical processes develop under closely monitored and tightly controlled environmental and operating conditions (e.g. pH, temperature, mechanical conditions, nutrient supply and waste removal). In functional tissue engineering of musculoskeletal tissues, a bioreactor capable of controlling dynamic loading plays a determinant role. It has been shown that mechanical stretching promotes the expression of type I and III collagens, fibronectin, tenascin-C in cultured ligament fibroblasts (J.C.-H. Goh et al., Tissue Eng. 9 (2003), S31) and that human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSC) - even in the absence of biochemical regulators - could be induced to differentiate into ligament-like fibroblast by the application of physiologically relevant cyclic strains (G. Vunjak-Novakovic et al., Ann. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 6 (2004), 131; H.A. Awad et al., Tissue Eng. 5 (1999), 267; R.G. Young et al., J. Orthop. Res. 16 (1998), 406). Different bioreactors are commercially available but they are too generic to be used for a given tissue, each tissue showing specific mechanical loading properties. In the case of ligament tissue engineering, the design of a bioreactor is still an open question. Our group proposes a bioreactor allowing cyclic traction-torsion on a scaffold seeded with stem cells.
authors.affiliation: Group Cell and Tissue Engineering, LEMTA-UMR 7563 CNRS, Nancy-University, Vandoeuvre, France.
authors.forename: Cyril J F
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: Cédryck
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vaquette
authors.forename: Rachid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rahouadj
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019149:Bioreactors; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008022:Ligaments / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods