title: Quantitative retinal vascular calibre changes in diabetes and retinopathy: the Singapore Malay eye study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the relationship of retinal vascular calibre with diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in an Asian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3280 (78.7% response) subjects, aged 40-80 years, of Malay ethnicity residing in Singapore participated in this population-based, cross-sectional study. Retinal vascular calibre was measured and summarized using a validated computer programme from digital retinal photographs. Diabetic retinopathy signs were graded from photographs using the modified Airlie House classification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 3004 subjects with data for this analysis, 682 (22.7%) had diabetes, of whom 194 (28.4%) had retinopathy. After multivariable adjustment, retinal arteriolar calibre was significantly wider in persons with diabetes (141 vs139 microm, P<0.001); venular calibre was not associated with diabetes (P=0.93). Among participants with diabetes, venular calibre increased from 218.7 microm in those without retinopathy to 231.1 microm in those with moderate and 231.4 microm in those with severe retinopathy (Pfor trend=<0.001); arteriolar calibre was not associated with diabetic retinopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows wider retinal arterioles in diabetes and wider venules in those with diabetic retinopathy in an Asian population. These findings confirm earlier data on white population, supporting the concept that a quantitative assessment of retinal vasculature may provide further insights into early diabetic microvascular damage.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: F M A
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shankar
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Saw
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aung
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001160:Arterioles / Q000473:pathology; D044466:Asian People; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D012846:Singapore; D014699:Venules / Q000473:pathology