title: Discharge planning scale: community physicians' perspective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adverse events occur when patients transition from hospital to outpatient care. For quality improvement and research purposes, clinicians need appropriate, reliable, and valid survey instruments to measure and improve discharge processes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to validate the Modified Physician-PREPARED scale to measure qualities of hospital discharge from the outpatient physician perspective. Descriptions include item development and psychometric properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  The design was a postal survey of outpatient physicians/practitioners who followed 403 patients who were discharged from hospital to home. We mailed questionnaires 10 days after discharge. Questionnaire items assessed perceptions of quality and outcome of discharge planning and communication. Analysis yielded the Modified Physician-PREPARED scale value: the sum of scores from 8 items. Internal consistency and construct validity were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survey response rate was 76%. Mean Modified Physician-PREPARED scale value was 16.6 +/- 4.0 with range 8 to 24. High scores reflected high perceptions of discharge quality. Analysis identified 2 principal components: timeliness of communication, and adequacy of discharge plan/transmission. The scale had acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.86) and construct validity. When considering the discharge planning and communication for a specific patient, outpatient primary care physicians reported higher scores when they were involved in the discharge planning (P < 0.001) and when they were aware of community support services (P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Modified Physician-PREPARED scale measured outpatient physician perceptions of quality of hospital discharge to home. Clinicians and researchers may find the scale useful to evaluate discharge processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Illinois College of Medicine, 530 NE Glen Oak Avenue, Peoria, IL 61637, USA. jfg@uic.edu
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Graumlich
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grimmer-Somers
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Aldag
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000592:standards; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000592:standards*; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D010820:Physicians / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult