title: The PPARGC1A Gly482Ser polymorphism is associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Gly482Ser polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PPARGC1A) has been demonstrated to be associated with diabetes, obesity and hypertension, all of which are important risk factors for left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PPARGC1A Gly482Ser polymorphism was genotyped in a community-based cohort of 499 men and 533 women, who also underwent an echocardiographic examination to determine their left ventricular diastolic function. The association between the polymorphism and the presence of diastolic dysfunction was evaluated using logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Ser allele of the PPARGC1A Gly482Ser polymorphism was significantly associated with a lower risk of diastolic dysfunction in men, but not in women. In a model adjusting for potential confounders (age, body mass index, leisure time physical activity, hypertension and diabetes) the results were still significant and substantial (odds ratio 0.13, 95% confidence interval 0.03-0.54, p for trend = 0.004). The results were consistent in a series of models, and they imply a multiplicative, protective effect of the Ser allele, with lower risk of diastolic dysfunction for each copy of the allele.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Ser allele of the PPARGC1A Gly482Ser polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of diastolic left ventricular dysfunction in men, but not in women, in our large community-based sample. It was associated with a substantially decreased risk, even after adjustment for potential confounders. The clinical importance of the findings has to be established in further studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. erik.ingelsson@pubcare.uu.se
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ingelsson
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bennet
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ridderstråle
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Söderström
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Råstam
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lindblad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005998:Glycine / Q000235:genetics*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012694:Serine / Q000235:genetics*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012694:Serine; D005998:Glycine