title: Dimensional error of selective laser sintering, three-dimensional printing and PolyJet models in the reproduction of mandibular anatomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Selective laser sintering (SLS), three-dimensional printing (3DP) and PolyJet are rapid prototyping (RP) techniques to fabricate prototypes from virtual biomedical images. To be used in maxillofacial surgery, these models must accurately reproduce the craniofacial skeleton.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the capacity of SLS, 3DP and PolyJet models to reproduce mandibular anatomy and their dimensional error.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dry mandible, helical CT images, SLS, 3DP and PolyJet prototypes, and digital electronic caliper.
  
  
  METHODS
  Helical CT images were acquired from a dry mandible (criterion standard) and manipulated with the InVesalius software. Prototypes were produced using SLS, 3DP and PolyJet techniques. Thirteen linear measurements of each prototype were made and compared with the dry mandible measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed a dimensional error of 1.79%, 3.14% and 2.14% for SLS, 3DP and PolyJet models, respectively. The models satisfactorily reproduced anatomic details and the SLS and PolyJet prototypes showed greater dimensional precision and reproduced mandibular anatomy more accurately than the 3DP model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SLS prototype had a greater dimensional accuracy than the PolyJet and 3DP models. The PolyJet technique reproduced anatomic details of the mandible more accurately.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danilo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Tiago Leonardo
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Broilo
authors.forename: Claiton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heitz
authors.forename: Marília Gerhardt
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Helena Willhelm
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Stella Maris Wanderlei
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nobre
authors.forename: José Henrique Gomes
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Dos Santos Filho
authors.forename: Daniela Nascimento
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007834:Lasers; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed