title: Depressed mood and drinking occasions across high school: comparing the reciprocal causal structures of a panel of boys and girls.
abstract: Does adolescent depressed mood portend increased or decreased drinking? Is frequent drinking positively or negatively associated with emotional well-being? Do the dynamic relations between depression and drinking differ by gender? Using block-recursive structural equation models, we explore the reciprocal short-term effects (within time, t) and the cross-lagged medium-term effects (t +1 year) and long-term effects (t+2 years) of depressed mood and monthly drinking occasions. Data come from the high school waves of the Youth Development Study, a randomly selected panel of 1015 ninth graders followed to 12th grade. We found that for both genders, depressed mood consistently decreased short-term drinking in each grade measured. However, depression increased drinking for both genders in the medium-term but only for girls in the long-term. In the other direction, drinking tended to increase depression in the short-term only among ninth-grade boys and 12th-grade girls. Observed trends and differences in the magnitude of the reciprocal effects vary by gender, with drinking being especially deleterious to emotional well-being for boys early in high school (10th grade) but for girls on the cusp of the post-high school world (12th grade).
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2059, USA. towens@purdue.edu
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Shippee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D003863:Depression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires