[Anaesthesia and thromboembolic disease].
Currently, pharmacological thromboprophylaxis is frequently required in patients undergoing surgery, due to the high risk of deep venous thrombosis in the perioperative period. The administration of these anticoagulant agents (in Spain, usually low molecular weight heparins or fondaparinux, and in future, probably also the new oral anticoagulants dabigatran and rivaroxaban) may conflict with regional anesthetic techniques, in which maintaining hemostatic integrity is essential. Therefore, safety protocols have been designed that allow thromboprophylaxis to be administered with optimal effectiveness and anesthetic techniques to be performed with maximal safety; these protocols are based on the drug used, as well as on the dose and time of administration. The present chapter reviews the details related to these issues.
Llau
Juan V
JV
Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Clínic Univesitari de València, Valencia, España. juanvllau@gmail.com
Sapena
María Luisa
ML
López Forte
Cristina
C
Ferrandis
Raquel
R
D000074:Acenocoumarol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000379:methods*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D000069604:Dabigatran; D004434:Early Ambulation; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077425:Fondaparinux; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009025:Morpholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D000069552:Rivaroxaban; D012449:Safety; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000925:Anticoagulants; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D009025:Morpholines; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011725:Pyridines; D013876:Thiophenes; D006493:Heparin; D000069552:Rivaroxaban; D000069604:Dabigatran; D000074:Acenocoumarol; D000077425:Fondaparinux