title: Is IL-10-819C/T gene polymorphism modulating the risk of gallbladder disease in north Indian population?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a highly aggressive neoplasm that arises in the background of gall stones and inflammation. Anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene polymorphisms have been associated with susceptibility to various inflammatory diseases and cancers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  of the study The aim of the present study was to investigate whether IL-10-819C/T polymorphism is associated with GBC susceptibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study subjects comprised 124 GBC patients, 135 patients with symptomatic gallstone disease, and 200 healthy subjects. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood leukocytes and IL-10-819C/T gene polymorphism was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequency distributions of IL-10-819C/T genotypes were similar in GBC, gallstone patients, and healthy subjects. However, after stratification on the basis of sex, in male GBC patients, the TT genotype of IL-10-819C/T polymorphism showed an approximately sevenfold risk (p value = 0.038; odds ratio = 6.58; 95% confidence interval = 1.11-39.11) in the presence of gall stones when compared with gallstone patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that interplay of sex hormones and IL-10-819C/T polymorphism may lead to the susceptibility of gallstone-mediated gallbladder carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vishnoi
authors.forename: Gourdas
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Choudhuri
authors.forename: Balraj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D005260:Female; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D044469:Racial Groups; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D016753:Interleukin-10