title: Effects of high-AGE beverage on RAGE and VEGF expressions in the liver and kidneys.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) increase in some lifestyle-related diseases as well as in aging; however, little is known about the relationship between food-derived AGEs and the pathology of such diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore whether food items containing high levels of AGEs are involved in the development of lifestyle-related diseases, rats were orally administered a commercial high-AGE beverage [Lactobacillus beverage-A (LB-A)]. With a particular focus on angiogenesis-associated diseases, the gene expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) were examined in the liver and kidneys using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, AGE deposition was immunohistochemically investigated in these tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hepatic VEGF expression was significantly increased in rats administered LB-A (P < 0.01 vs. control). Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis detected glucose-derived AGE-positive cells in the liver from the LB-A group. These results suggest that AGE-rich beverages increase hepatic VEGF expression and AGE accumulation, bringing about early events associated with lifestyle-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiological Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Ho-3 Kanagawa-machi, Kanazawa, 920-1181, Japan. t-sato@hokuriku-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Xuegang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimogaito
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takino
authors.forename: Sho-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A