title: Crystal growth vs. conventional acid etching: a comparative evaluation of etch patterns, penetration depths, and bond strengths.
abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect on enamel surface, penetration depth, and bond strength produced by 37% phosphoric acid and 20% sulfated polyacrylic acid as etching agents for direct bonding. Eighty teeth were used to study the efficacy of the etching agents on the enamel surface, penetration depth, and tensile bond strength. It was determined from the present study that a 30 sec application of 20% sulfated polyacrylic acid produced comparable etching topography with that of 37% phosphoric acid applied for 30 sec. The 37% phosphoric acid dissolves enamel to a greater extent than does the 20% sulfated polyacrylic acid. Instron Universal testing machine was used to evaluate the bond strengths of the two etching agents. Twenty percent sulfated polyacrylic acid provided adequate tensile bond strength. It was ascertained that crystal growth can be an alternative to conventional phosphoric acid etching as it dissolves lesser enamel and provides adequate tensile bond strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Dental Sciences, KLE University, Belgaum, India. drraghu_devanna@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Raghu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Devanna
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Keluskar
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003460:Crystallization; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003747:Dental Enamel Solubility; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D003722:Dental Alloys; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C418867:Enlight; C508972:OrthoSolo; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; D013193:Stainless Steel; C006903:carbopol 940; C030242:phosphoric acid