title: Cholera toxin, E. coli heat-labile toxin, and non-toxic derivatives induce dendritic cell migration into the follicle-associated epithelium of Peyer's patches.
abstract: The follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of Peyer's patches (PPs) transports antigens and microorganisms into mucosal lymphoid tissues where they are captured by subepithelial dendritic cells (DCs). Feeding of cholera toxin (CT) induced migration of subepithelial DCs to interfollicular T-cell areas within 24 h. This study investigated short-term effects of CT, Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin, and non-toxic derivatives on DC migration. CT or CTB injected into ligated intestinal loops induced significant increase in CD11c+ DCs within the FAE within 90 min. In mice fed CT intragastrically, DC numbers in the FAE increased by 1 h, were maximal by 2 h, declined between 8 and 12 h, and were reversed by 24 h. Feeding of native LT, recombinant CTB, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, and to a lesser extent mutated CT(E29H) or mutated LT(R192G) had the same effect. Thus, both A and B subunits of enterotoxins, presumably acting through distinct signaling pathways, may promote capture of incoming antigens and pathogens by PP DCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Anosova
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chabot
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shreedhar
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Borawski
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Dickinson
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Neutra
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D039521:CD11c Antigen; D004768:Enterotoxins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D002772:Cholera Toxin; C027538:heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli