Pharmacogenetic testing for warfarin sensitivity.
With the US Food and Drug Administration's recent label change of warfarin to include genetic testing for warfarin sensitivity, manufacturers are developing assays, and laboratories are offering testing. This article describes the genetic variants for which testing is available. Current technologies and assays are compared, including considerations for laboratories in choosing a method. Finally, laboratory issues that apply to all methods, such as quality control and proficiency testing as well as service issues including turn-around-time requirements are discussed.
Lyon
Elaine
E
Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. lyone@aruplab.com
McMillin
Gwen
G
Melis
Roberta
R
D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D015342:DNA Probes; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000235:genetics; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010597:Pharmacogenetics / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D064417:Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases; D014859:Warfarin / Q000009:adverse effects*
D015342:DNA Probes; D014859:Warfarin; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C450260:CYP2C9 protein, human; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D064417:Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases