title: Anti-inflammatory and analgesic components from "hierba santa," a traditional medicine in Peru.
abstract: "Hierba santa," a Peruvian herbal medicine, is used to alleviate many symptoms, including headache, hemorrhoids, fever, and rheumatism. Several Cestrum species are said to be the origin of hierba santa. Three lots of hierba santa: Cestrum auriculatum (herb 1 and herb 2) and C. hediundinum (herb 3), which were purchased from Peruvian markets at Cuzco (Andes area) and Equitos (Amazon area), respectively, were examined for their pharmacological activities and active components. Herbs 1-3 showed anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in the in vivo writhing inhibition test in mouse and inhibited prostaglandin E(1)-, E(2)-, or ACh-induced contractions of guinea pig ileum in the Magnus method. Activity-based separation of each extract yielded cestrumines A and B, cestrusides A and B, a mixture of (+)- and (-)-pinoresinol glucosides, nicotiflorin, rutin, sinapoyl glucose, ursolic acid, beta-sitosteryl glucoside, and 2-sec-butyl-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl-beta-D: -glucopyranoside. Among them, cestrumine A and cestrusides A and B are new compounds. All three lots of hierba santa do not contain exactly the same active components.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, 1 Gumyo, Togane, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Marii
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umeyama
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiota
authors.forename: Motoyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Okuyama
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032301:Cestrum / Q000737:chemistry*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010568:Peru; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts