title: Antiatherosclerotic function of Kokuto, Okinawan noncentrifugal cane sugar.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated the effect of phenolic compounds (PCs) and policosanol of Kokuto, Okinawan noncentrifugal cane sugar, on the development of atherosclerosis. A total of 67 male Japanese quail were divided into eight dietary groups in trial 1. The dietary groups were fed the atherosclerotic diet (AD) containing 5% corn oil, 2% cholesterol, and 30% sucrose or seven different types of Kokuto. Dietary intakes of Kokuto notably prevented the development of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between the serum radical scavenging activity and the degree of atherosclerosis in the dietary groups. In trial 2, a total of 63 Japanese quail were fed AD with sucrose, Kokuto, PC extracts from Kokuto, wax extracts from sugar cane, octacosanol, vitamin C, and vitamin E. As a result, the supplementation of the diet with Kokuto and PCs significantly reduced the development of atherosclerosis as compared with the ingestion of AD with sucrose. In conclusion, these findings suggest that, among various components of Kokuto, PCs play a central role for the prevention of experimental atherosclerosis in Japanese quail.
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inafuku
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Hirosuke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oku
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001835:Body Weight; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003370:Coturnix; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D007564:Japan; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D008297:Male; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D031786:Saccharum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D008055:Lipids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C080710:policosanol