title: Paracrine effects of uterine leucocytes on gene expression of human uterine stromal fibroblasts.
abstract: The endometrium contains a distinct population of immune cells that undergo cyclic changes during the menstrual cycle and implantation. The majority of these leucocytes are uterine NK (uNK) cells, however how these cells interact with uterine stromal fibroblasts remains unclear. We therefore investigated the paracrine effect of medium conditioned by uterine decidual leucocytes (which are enriched for uNK cells) on the gene expression profile of endometrial stromal fibroblasts in vitro using a cDNA microarray. Our results, verified by real-time PCR, ELISA and FACS analysis, reveal that soluble factors from uterine leucocytes substantially alter endometrial stromal fibroblast gene expression. The largest group of up-regulated genes found was chemokines and cytokines. These include IL-8, CCL8 and CXCL1, which have also been shown to be stimulated by contact of stromal fibroblasts with trophoblast, suggesting that uNK cells work synergistically to support trophoblast migration during implantation. The decidual leucocytes also up-regulated IL-15 and IL-15Ralpha in stromal fibroblasts which could produce a niche for uNK cells allowing proliferation within and recruitment into the uterus, as seen in bone marrow. Overall this study demonstrates, for the first time, the paracrine communication between uterine leucocytes and uterine stromal fibroblasts, and adds to the understanding of how the uterine immune system contributes to the changes seen within the cycling endometrium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. cheesehopper@web.de
authors.forename: Ariane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Germeyer
authors.forename: Andrew Mark
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sharkey
authors.forename: Mirari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prasadajudio
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sherwin
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moffett
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bieback
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clausmeyer
authors.forename: Leanne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Masters
authors.forename: Roxana Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Popovici
authors.forename: Alexandra Petra
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strowitzki
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Wolff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054412:Chemokine CCL8 / Q000235:genetics; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1 / Q000235:genetics; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019409:Interleukin-15 / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053647:Receptors, Interleukin-15 / Q000235:genetics; D014599:Uterus / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D054412:Chemokine CCL8; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; C508024:IL15RA protein, human; D019409:Interleukin-15; D016209:Interleukin-8; D053647:Receptors, Interleukin-15