title: Independent associations of body-size adjusted fat mass and fat-free mass with the metabolic syndrome in Chinese.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Excess fat leads to adverse health outcomes. Most previous studies investigating body fatness using BMI or fat percentage, which contain both fat mass and fat-free mass, were not able to differentiate the exposure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study assessed the independent association of fat and fat-free mass with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based study of 1144 subjects aged 50-70 from urban and rural areas of Shanghai in 2005-2006 was employed. Body composition was measured with DEXA. Fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated. MetS was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria without waist circumference for its high correlation with body composition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both FMI and FFMI were significantly related with higher odds of MetS (OR 3.97, 95% CI 2.58-6.09 for FMI; OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.70-4.18 for FFMI, the highest quartile vs the lowest group) after adjusting for age, residence, sex, smoking, drinking, physical activity, medication, family history of chronic diseases, and fat-free mass (for FMI) or fat mass (for FFMI).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both FMI and FFMI are independently associated with increased MetS risks. Proper expression of body composition is essential in assessing body composition and disease risk association.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kirsten L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Rennie
authors.forename: Wenjia
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Huaixing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhijie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D050218:Body Fat Distribution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001827:Body Height; D049628:Body Size; D001835:Body Weight; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000473:pathology; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference