title: Expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 on innate immunity cells modulated by cardiac surgical operation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to follow-up on the changes in the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on monocytes and granulocytes in venous blood of patients undergoing cardiac surgical operation.
  
  
  METHODS
  TLR2 and TLR4 expression on blood cells was determined by flow cytometry in 40 patients undergoing cardiac surgery performed either with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) ("on-pump") or without it ("off-pump").
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intensity of the expression of TLR2 on both monocytes and granulocytes, expressed as median fluorescence intensity, is significantly reduced during CPB, being lower in both groups at the finish of surgery. These changes are not so remarkable in the case of TLR4 expression. Compared to "on-pump" patients, there is a higher relative number of TLR2(+) granulocytes in "off-pump" patients at the finish of surgery and of TLR4(+) granulocytes on the first postoperative day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found characteristic patterns in the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on monocytes and granulocytes in venous blood of patients undergoing cardiac surgery with or without CPB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. krejsek@fnhk.cz
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krejsek
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kunes
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolackova
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudlova
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lonsky
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mandak
authors.forename: Ctirad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andrys
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002452:Cell Count; D005260:Female; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4