title: Role of HSP70 in cellular thermotolerance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Thermal pretreatment has been shown to condition tissue to a more severe secondary heat stress. In this research we examined the particular contribution of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in thermal preconditioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  For optimization of preshock exposures, a bioluminescent Hsp70-luciferase reporter system in NIH3T3 cells tracked the activation of the Hsp70 gene. Cells in 96-well plates were pretreated in a 43 degrees C water bath for 30 minutes, followed 4 hours later with a severe heat shock at 45 degrees C for 50 minutes. Bioluminescence was measured at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours after preshock only (PS) and at 4 hours after preshock with heatshock (PS+HS). Viability was assessed 48 hours later with a fluorescent viability dye. Preshock induced thermotolerance was then evaluated in hsp70-containing Murine Embryo Fibroblast (+/+) cells and Hsp70-deficient MEF cells (-/-) through an Arrhenius damage model across varying temperatures (44.5-46 degrees C).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A time gap of 4 hours between preconditioning and the thermal insult was shown to be the most effective for thermotolerance with statistical confidence of P<0.05. The benefit of preshocking was largely abrogated in Hsp70-deficient cells. The Arrhenius data showed that preshocking leads to increases in the activation energies, E(a), and increases in frequency factors, A. The frequency factor increase was significantly greater in Hsp70-deficient cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data shows that HSP70 contributes significantly to cellular thermotolerance but there are other pathways that provide residual thermotolerance in cells deficient in Hsp70.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Josh T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Beckham
authors.forename: Gerald J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Wilmink
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mackanos
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Chris H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Contag
authors.forename: Takamune
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: E Duco
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins