title: Impact of specialty drugs on the use of other medical services.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether initiation of a biologic agent to treat 2 autoimmune disorders -- rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS) -- affects use of other medical services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal analysis from 1997 to 2005 examining linked pharmacy and medical claims from large, private employers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study sample included 30,761 individuals newly diagnosed with RA (92,660 person-years) and 8961 unique individuals with MS (25,100 person-years). Negative binomial models were used to estimate changes in inpatient, outpatient, and procedure use before and after initiating a biologic drug for each condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Starting a biologic response modifier was associated with a reduction in physician visits and use of expensive procedures for patients with RA within 2 to 3 years of initiation. Use of immunomodulatory therapy for MS was associated with a reduced number of hospitalizations and expensive procedures within 2 years of initiation. Although biologics may reduce other types of service use, the savings do not come close to offsetting the full cost of these drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given the high cost of many specialty drugs, health plans may rightly focus on making sure only patients who will most benefit receive them. But once such patients are identified, it makes little sense to limit coverage.
authors.affiliation: RAND Corporation, CA 90401, USA. gjoyce@rand.org
authors.forename: Geoffrey F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Joyce
authors.forename: Dana P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karaca-Mandic
authors.forename: Grant D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Lawless
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D001688:Biological Products / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001691:Biological Therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017281:Cost of Illness; D018450:Disease Progression; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D017050:Episode of Care; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008329:Managed Care Programs / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D007155:Immunologic Factors