title: Proteome analysis of aerobically and anaerobically grown Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells.
abstract: The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is able to grow under aerobic as well as anaerobic conditions. We and others previously found that transcription levels of approximately 500 genes differed more than two-fold when cells from anaerobic and aerobic conditions were compared. Here, we addressed the effect of anaerobic growth at the post-transcriptional level by comparing the proteomes of cells isolated from steady-state glucose-limited anaerobic and aerobic cultures. Following two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry we identified 110 protein spots, corresponding to 75 unique proteins, of which the levels differed more than two-fold between aerobically and anaerobically-grown cells. For 21 of the 110 spots, the intensities decreased more than two-fold whereas the corresponding mRNA levels increased or did not change significantly under anaerobic conditions. The intensities of the other 89 spots changed in the same direction as the mRNA levels of the corresponding genes, although to different extents. For some genes of glycolysis a small increase in mRNA levels, 1.5-2 fold, corresponded to a 5-10 fold increase in protein levels. Extrapolation of our results suggests that transcriptional regulation is the major but not exclusive mechanism for adaptation of S. cerevisiae to anaerobic growth conditions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 64, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bruckmann
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hensbergen
authors.forename: Crina I A
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Balog
authors.forename: André M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Deelder
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brandt
authors.forename: I S Ishtar
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Snoek
authors.forename: H Yde
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Steensma
authors.forename: G Paul H
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: van Heusden
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis / Q000502:physiology; D000693:Anaerobiosis / Q000502:physiology; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020543:Proteome; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins