title: Matrix metalloproteinase-2 polymorphism is associated with prognosis in prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent tumor in males in Brazil. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been demonstrated in the promoter region of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) genes and have been associated with development and progression of some cancers. In this study, our aim was to investigate a possible relation between polymorphism of the promoter region of the MMP2 gene and classical prognostic parameters in prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was extracted using conventional protocols. The DNA sequence containing the polymorphic site was amplified by real-time polymerase chain reaction, using fluorescent probes (TaqMan).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with tumors of a higher stage (pT3), a polymorphic allele in the MMP2 gene was more frequent (P = 0.026) than in patients with lower tumor stage. A polymorphic allele in the MMP2 gene was more frequent in Gleason ≥ 7 than in Gleason ≤ 6 (P = 0.042).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that MMP2 polymorphism can be used together with pathological stage and Gleason score to identify patients with worse prognosis. Our results illustrate the potential use of MMP2 SNP as a molecular marker for prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM55), Urology Department, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sabrina Thalita
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: dos Reis
authors.forename: Fabiola Elizabeth
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Villanova
authors.forename: Priscila Maria
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pontes
authors.forename: Juliana Moreira
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: de Sousa-Canavez
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sañudo
authors.forename: Alberto Azoubel
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.forename: Marcos Francisco
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Dall'oglio
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srougi
authors.forename: Katia Ramos
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Moreira Leite
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D001938:Brazil; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011379:Prognosis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2