title: Complicated otitis media and its implications.
abstract: Complicated otitis media (OM) is a common paediatric problem and includes two major entities: persistent acute OM (AOM) and recurrent AOM (R-AOM). Double-tympanocentesis studies comparing the microbiology of initial and recurrent episodes of AOM have demonstrated that most recurrent episodes occurring within 1 month after antibiotic therapy are new infections, not true bacteriological relapses. These findings have highlighted the importance of bacteriological eradication in the prevention of subsequent R-AOM episodes. The seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) targets Streptococcus pneumoniae, one of the main AOM pathogens, and data on the impact of PCV7 on complications of AOM, such as mastoiditis, are presented.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel. eugenel@bgu.ac.il
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leibovitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008417:Mastoiditis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines