title: Photographic facial soft tissue analysis of healthy Turkish young adults: anthropometric measurements.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to establish facial soft tissue norms for Turkish young adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anthropometric measurements of the facial soft tissue were taken from 281 female and 149 male Turkish adults aged between 18 and 24 years. The soft tissue facial profiles were digitally analyzed using linear (17 vertical and 10 horizontal) measurements made with standardized photographic records, taken in a natural head position, to determine the average soft tissue facial profile for males and females.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant difference was found between males and females in 20 of 27 measurements taken (p < 0.001). The most prominent differences between the sexes were observed in the measurements taken from the face region. Results were compared with other ethnic groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey. senem@uludag.edu.tr
authors.forename: Senem Turan
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sigirli
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ercan
authors.forename: N Simsek
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Cankur
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010780:Photogrammetry; D014421:Turkey; D055815:Young Adult