title: Osteosarcoma as a second neoplasm after chemotherapeutic treatment of hereditary retinoblastoma: a case report.
abstract: Osteosarcoma is the most common second neoplasm in patients with retinoblastoma. The risk of occurrence of second neoplasm after retinoblastoma increases after radiotherapy and chemotherapy. A case is presented of an 11-year-old girl who had painless swelling on the left side of her face for 8 days. The patient was asymptomatic before the onset of the swelling. Biopsy of the lesion revealed tumor cells forming trabeculae of osteoid and woven bone interspersed with myxoid and cartilaginous areas. The tumor cells showed pleomorphism and hyperchromatism with increased and abnormal mitotic figures consistent with the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Further investigations revealed no history of retinoblastoma in the family. (This case was considered hereditary, however, because of the occurrence of the second neoplasm.) To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of mandibular osteosarcoma occurring after unilateral retinoblastoma treated with chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Sumita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juneja
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D014750:Vincristine / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide