title: Is it feasible to pool funds for local children's services in England? Evidence from the national evaluation of children's trust pathfinders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe how funds were pooled or otherwise jointly managed by National Health Service (NHS) primary care trusts and local authorities in England. To compare expenditure on local children's services by health, education and social services.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a questionnaire survey of all 35 children's trust pathfinders, six months after they were launched, with a follow-up at 2.5 years. We also undertook an in-depth analysis of local authorities and primary care trusts, within eight pathfinder areas and three non-pathfinder areas, whereby we compared expenditure on children's services, interviewed managers and professionals and examined financial documents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local authorities and NHS trusts coordinated expenditure in various ways, most commonly through informal agreements and aligning budgets but also by formally pooling budgets. The latter were usually for selected services such as child and adolescent mental health services, though four children's trusts pathfinders pooled (or aligned) their budgets for all children's services. Total expenditure per child was greatest for education, lowest for social services and intermediate for health. However, it was difficult to quantify education expenditure on children with health and social care needs, and health care expenditure on children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sharing money for local children's services requires shared objectives, trust, and legal and accounting expertise. Several different mechanisms are permitted and many are feasible but programme budgeting for children's services could make them more effective.
authors.affiliation: Section of Public Health, University of Glasgow, UK. p.lorgelly@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lorgelly
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shreeve
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reading
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thorburn
authors.forename: Miranda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mugford
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Husbands
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016497:Adolescent Health Services / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration; D002017:Budgets / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018672:Community Health Planning / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004739:England; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005375:Financial Audit; D006284:Health Plan Implementation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D009111:Local Government; D019982:Organizational Case Studies; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013222:State Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration*