title: Wnt5a is required for endothelial differentiation of embryonic stem cells and vascularization via pathways involving both Wnt/beta-catenin and protein kinase Calpha.
abstract: In this study, we examined the signaling pathways activated by Wnt5a in endothelial differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells and the function of Wnt5a during vascular development. We first found that Wnt5a(-/-) mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells exhibited a defect in endothelial differentiation, which was rescued by addition of Wnt5a, suggesting that Wnt5a is required for endothelial differentiation of ES cells. Involvement of both beta-catenin and protein kinase (PK)Calpha pathways in endothelial differentiation of mES cells requiring Wnt5a was indicated by activation of both beta-catenin and PKCalpha in Wnt5a(+/-) but not in Wnt5a(-/-) mES cells. We also found that beta-catenin or PKCalpha knockdowns inhibited the Wnt5a-induced endothelial differentiation of ES cells. Moreover, the lack of endothelial differentiation of Wnt5a(-/-) mES cells was rescued only by transfection of both beta-catenin and PKCalpha, indicating that both genes are required for Wnt5a-mediated endothelial differentiation. Wnt5a was also found to be essential for the differentiation of mES cells into immature endothelial progenitor cells, which are known to play a role in repair of damaged endothelium. Furthermore, a defect in the vascularization of the neural tissue was detected at embryonic day 14.5 in Wnt5a(-/-) mice, implicating Wnt5a in vascular development in vivo. Thus, we conclude that Wnt5a is involved in the endothelial differentiation of ES cells via both Wnt/beta-catenin and PKC signaling pathways and regulates embryonic vascular development.
authors.affiliation: National Research Laboratory of Molecular Complex Control and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hwa
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ju-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Soung-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Vitezslav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bryja
authors.forename: Emma R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Ernest
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arenas
authors.forename: Young-Guen
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Kang-Yell
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D007763:Lac Operon; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C495267:CTNNB1 protein, mouse; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein; C438615:Wnt5a protein, mouse; D051176:beta Catenin; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha