title: CE: Continuing Education article. Patient management in chronic kidney disease stages 4 to 5.
abstract: This is the second article in a two part Continuing Education (CE) series on managing patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). The first CE article addressed the management of patients during CKD stages 1 to 3. This article will focus on the management of patients during CKD stages 4 to 5. Nephrology nurses and other healthcare professionals play an important role in the monitoring and management of the many physical symptoms that patients present with during stages 4 to 5. During these stages the healthcare team must provide psychological support along with educating patients and their families/carers regarding their treatment options including renal replacement therapy, conservative treatment and withdrawal of dialysis.
authors.affiliation: Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. fiona.murphy@tcd.ie
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sedgewick
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing