title: Ginger's (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) inhibition of rat colonic adenocarcinoma cells proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro.
abstract: Ginger's (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) natural bioactives, specifically ginger extract and 6-gingerol, were measured for their in vitro inhibition of two key aspects of colon cancer biology--cancer cell proliferation and angiogenic potential of endothelial cell tubule formation. Ginger extract was obtained via column distillation, while the 6-gingerol was purchased from Calbiochem. Antiproliferation activity was assessed through tritiated thymidine ([(3)H]Tdr) incorporation studies of YYT colon cancer cells; the anti-angiogenic ability of gingerol was assessed by a Matrigel assays using MS1 endothelial cells. These selected ginger bioactives had: 1) a direct effect on YYT rat cancer cell proliferation (6-1.5% ginger extract; 100-4 microM 6-gingerol); 2) an indirect effect on MS1 endothelial cell function either at the level of endothelial cell proliferation or through inhibition of MS1 endothelial cell tube formation (100-0.8 microM). Compound 6-gingerol was most effective at lower doses in inhibiting endothelial cell tube formation. These in vitro studies show that 6-gingerol has two types of antitumor effects: 1) direct colon cancer cell growth suppression, and 2) inhibition of the blood supply of the tumor via angiogenesis. Further research is warranted to test 6-gingerol in animal studies as a potential anticancer plant bioactive in the complementary treatment of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. amybrown@hawaii.edu
authors.forename: Amy C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Chirag
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Jessie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jimmy T H
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Jian Gang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Martin R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jadus
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D002396:Catechols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D002396:Catechols; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C007845:gingerol