title: Two-photon laser confocal microscopy of micropermeability of resin-dentin bonds made with water or ethanol wet bonding.
abstract: This study evaluated the micropermeability of six etch-and-rinse adhesives bonded to dentin. There were two principal groups: wet bonding with water or wet bonding with absolute ethyl alcohol. After bonding and the creation of composite build-ups, the pulp chambers were filled with 0.1% lucifer yellow. The contents of the pulp chamber were kept under 20 cm H(2)O pressure to simulate pulpal pressure for 3 h. The specimens were vertically sectioned into multiple 0.5-mm thick slabs that were polished and then examined using a two-photon confocal laser scanning microscope (TPCLSM). The results showed that specimens bonded with adhesives using the water wet-bonding condition all showed tracer taken up uniformly by the hybrid layer. This uptake of fluorescent tracer into the hybrid layer was quantified by computer software. The most hydrophobic experimental resins showed the highest fluorescent tracer uptake (ca. 1800 +/- 160 arbitrary fluorescent units/std. surface area). The most hydrophilic experimental resins showed the lowest tracer uptake into water-saturated hybrid layers. When ethanol wet-bonding was used, significantly less fluorescent tracer was seen in hybrid layers. The most hydrophilic experimental resins and Single Bond Plus showed little micropermeability. Clearly, ethanol wet-bonding seals dentin significantly better than water-wet dentin regardless of the adhesive in etch-and-rinse systems.
authors.affiliation: Dental Biomaterials Science, Biomimetics and Biophotonics, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's College, St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, United Kingdom. salvatore.sauro@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauro
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mannocci
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Bradford P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Huffman
authors.forename: Franklin R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pashley
mesh_terms: D003804:Dentin / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D010539:Permeability; D017785:Photons; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol