title: Effects of diabetes and elevated glucose on nitrergic relaxations in the isolated duodenum of the rat.
abstract: Nitrergic relaxations of the isolated duodenum, induced by streptozotocin, were investigated in the experimental 8-week diabetes rat model. The effects of elevated glucose were also examined in the incubated duodenal muscles (in Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 44 mM glucose for 6 h) taken from nondiabetic rats. The relaxations induced by electrical field stimulation (EFS) and nicotine were significantly reduced in diabetic rats compared with control rats. Incubating of duodenal tissues in medium containing elevated glucose revealed significantly impaired relaxations to EFS and nicotine compared to responses obtained after normal glucose incubation. However, the relaxant responses to sodium nitroprusside and papaverine were similar in all groups. Incubating in hyperosmolar solutions containing sucrose, the relaxant responses were not affected. In conclusion, impairment of NO-mediated relaxations in diabetes may be related to hyperglycemia. The alterations caused by elevated glucose are not due to a hyperosmotic effect because the same concentration of sucrose had no effect on the relaxations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University Medical School, Kocaeli, Turkey. tijenutkan@gmail.com
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utkan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: N Z
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Utkan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gacar
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Göçmez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ulak
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Erden
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sarioglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004386:Duodenum / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology; D026602:Nitrergic Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine; D005947:Glucose