title: Defects in innate immunity predispose C57BL/6J-Leprdb/Leprdb mice to infection by Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: Foot and ankle infections are the most common cause of hospitalization among diabetic patients, and Staphylococcus aureus is a major pathogen implicated in these infections. Patients with insulin-resistant (type 2) diabetes are more susceptible to bacterial infections than nondiabetic subjects, but the pathogenesis of these infections is poorly understood. C57BL/6J-Lepr(db)/Lepr(db) (hereafter, db/db) mice develop type 2 diabetes due to a recessive, autosomal mutation in the leptin receptor. We established a S. aureus hind paw infection in diabetic db/db and nondiabetic Lepr(+/+) (+/+) mice to investigate host factors that predispose diabetic mice to infection. Nondiabetic +/+ mice resolved the S. aureus hind paw infection within 10 days, whereas db/db mice with persistent hyperglycemia developed a chronic infection associated with a high bacterial burden. Diabetic db/db mice showed a more robust neutrophil infiltration to the infection site and higher levels of chemokines in the infected tissue than +/+ mice. Blood from +/+ mice killed S. aureus in vitro, whereas db/db blood was defective in bacterial killing. Compared with peripheral blood neutrophils from +/+ mice, db/db neutrophils demonstrated a diminished respiratory burst when stimulated with S. aureus. However, bone marrow-derived neutrophils from +/+ and db/db mice showed comparable phagocytosis and bactericidal activity. Our results indicate that diabetic db/db mice are more susceptible to staphylococcal infection than their nondiabetic littermates and that persistent hyperglycemia modulates innate immunity in the diabetic host.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Channing Laboratory, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Sunny
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hanses
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D054411:Receptors, Leptin / Q000235:genetics; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus
chemical_list: D054411:Receptors, Leptin