title: SNX9 - a prelude to vesicle release.
abstract: The sorting nexin SNX9 has, in the past few years, been singled out as an important protein that participates in fundamental cellular activities. SNX9 binds strongly to dynamin and is partly responsible for the recruitment of this GTPase to sites of endocytosis. SNX9 also has a high capacity for modulation of the membrane and might therefore participate in the formation of the narrow neck of endocytic vesicles before scission occurs. Once assembled on the membrane, SNX9 stimulates the GTPase activity of dynamin to facilitate the scission reaction. It has also become clear that SNX9 has the ability to activate the actin regulator N-WASP in a membrane-dependent manner to coordinate actin polymerization with vesicle release. In this Commentary, we summarize several aspects of SNX9 structure and function in the context of membrane remodeling, discuss its interplay with various interaction partners and present a model of how SNX9 might work in endocytosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lundmark
authors.forename: Sven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Carlsson
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D034281:Dynamins / Q000378:metabolism; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D058305:Sorting Nexins; D022161:Transport Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D058305:Sorting Nexins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D034281:Dynamins