title: Preventive advice given by patients with type 2 diabetes to their offspring.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients' advice-giving behaviour could be a useful preventive strategy for type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the conditions under which patients offer advice to their offspring and to assess the factors that facilitate advice giving.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A general hospital with a diabetes clinic in a metropolitan suburb in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents with type 2 diabetes (n = 221) who had offspring aged 20-49 years inclusive without diabetes completed a self-administered questionnaire containing items relating to advice-giving behaviour, demographic characteristics, risk perception, and their disease status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 184 (83.3%) patients responded that parental advice-giving behaviour is needed for their offspring, while 138 (62.4%) actually advised their offspring. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that patients who were female (odds ratio [OR] = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03 to 3.65, P = 0.041), living with their offspring (OR =1.92, 95% CI = 1.04 to 3.57, P = 0.038), had complications (OR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.25 to 6.00, P = 0.029), or perceived that their offspring had a high risk of developing diabetes (OR =1.45, 95% CI = 1.09 to 1.93, P = 0.011) were most likely to advise their offspring.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with type 2 diabetes recognised the need to give advice about preventive behaviour to their offspring but were not necessarily engaging in advice-giving behaviour. Advice-giving behaviour was affected by the parents' own disease status, their perception of their offspring's risk of developing diabetes, and the relationship between the patients and their offspring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Nursing/Palliative Care Nursing, School of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan. nishigaki-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishigaki
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Taeko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokomura
authors.forename: Mitsunao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kazuma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult