title: Proteomic investigation of phosphorylation sites in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase.
abstract: Phosphorylation is a very common post-translational modification event known to modulate a wide range of biological responses. Beyond the regulation of protein activity, the interrelation of phosphorylation with other post-translational mechanisms is responsible for the control of diverse signaling pathways. Several observations suggest that phosphorylation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) regulates its activity. There is also accumulating evidence to suggest the establishment of phosphorylation-dependent assembly of PARP-1-associated multiprotein complexes. Although it is relatively straightforward to demonstrate phosphorylation of a defined target, identification of the actual amino acids involved still represents a technical challenge for many laboratories. With the use of a combination of bioinformatics-based predictions tools for generic and kinase-specific phosphorylation sites, in vitro phosphorylation assays and mass spectrometry analysis, we investigated the phosphorylation profile of PARP-1 and poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), two major enzymes responsible for poly(ADP-ribose) turnover. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed the phosphorylation of several serine/threonine residues within important regulatory domains and motifs of both enzymes. With the use of in vivo microirradiation-induced DNA damage, we show that altered phosphorylation at specific sites can modify the dynamics of assembly and disassembly of PARP-1 at sites of DNA damage. By documenting and annotating a collection of known and newly identified phosphorylation sites, this targeted proteomics study significantly advances our understanding of the roles of phosphorylation in the regulation of PARP-1 and PARG.
authors.affiliation: Laval University Medical Research Center, Laval University, G1V4G2, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gagné
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Moreel
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gagné
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Labelle
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Droit
authors.forename: Mélissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chevalier-Paré
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bourassa
authors.forename: Darin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hendzel
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prigent
authors.forename: Guy G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Poirier
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004249:DNA Damage; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010748:Phosphopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D010748:Phosphopeptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C499320:PARP1 protein, human; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C022407:poly ADP-ribose glycohydrolase