Avicenna, the first to describe thyroid-related orbitopathy.
The history of the association of goiter and orbital disease is discussed. Although Graves and Basedow are credited with the first descriptions of this association, it was described many years earlier between AD 1000 and 1110 by two Persian physicians and philosophers, Avicenna and Al-Jurjani.
Nabipour
Iraj
I
Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University (M.C.) , Tehran, IR Iran.
Burger
Albert
A
Moharreri
Muhammad-Reza
MR
Azizi
Fereidoun
F
D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000150:complications; D006042:Goiter / Q000150:complications; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000266:history*; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D019071:Persia