title: Mitf functions as an in ovo regulator for cell differentiation and proliferation during development of the chick RPE.
abstract: Mitf has been reported to play a crucial role in regulating the differentiation of pigment cells in homeothermal animals, i.e. the melanocytes and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). However, less is known about the functions of Mitf in the developing RPE. To elucidate such functions, we introduced wild-type and dominant-negative Mitf expression vectors into chick optic vesicles by electroporation. Over-expression of wild-type Mitf altered neural retina cells to become RPE-like and repressed the expression of neural retina markers in vivo. In contrast, dominant-negative Mitf inhibited pigmentation in the RPE. The percentage of BrdU-positive cells decreased during normal RPE development, which was followed by Mitf protein expression. The percentage of BrdU-positive cells decreased in the wild-type Mitf-transfected neural retina, but increased in the dominant-negative Mitf-transfected RPE. p27(kip1), one of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, begins to be expressed in the proximal region of the RPE at stage 16. Transfection of wild-type Mitf induced expression of p27(kip1), while transfection of dominant-negative Mitf inhibited p27(kip1) expression. We found that Mitf was associated with the endogenous p27(kip1) 5' flanking region. These results demonstrate for the first time "in vivo" that Mitf uniquely regulates both differentiation and cell proliferation in the developing RPE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology and Neurosciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
authors.forename: Nagaharu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsukiji
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nishihara
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yajima
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shibahara
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002642:Chick Embryo; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071841:PAX6 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor; D000071841:PAX6 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C042501:dopachrome isomerase