Short-chain fatty acid signaling pathways in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
GPR41 and 43 have recently been identified as G-protein-coupled cell-surface receptors for short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Bovine orthologs of GPR41 and 43 (bGPR41 and 43) mRNA were detected by RT-PCR in cloned bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC) and various lactation stages of bovine mammary gland. Acetate and propionate caused an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations in these cells that was blocked by the treatment with pertussis toxin (PTX). SCFAs significantly reduced forskolin-induced cAMP concentrations in these cells. The phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38 was selectively increased by SCFAs. The downstream substrate heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) was also phosphorylated by SCFAs at Ser-78 and -82, but not -15. These results suggest that bGPR41 mainly, but not bGPR43, mediate SCFA signaling in mammary epithelial cells and thereby plays some important role in mammary gland.
Yonezawa
Tomo
T
Department of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Amamiyamachi, Sendai 981-8555, Japan. yonet2301@yahoo.co.jp
Haga
Satoshi
S
Kobayashi
Yosuke
Y
Katoh
Kazuo
K
Obara
Yoshiaki
Y
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000166:cytology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011247:Pregnancy; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
D005227:Fatty Acids; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D002118:Calcium