title: VITO-2, a new SID domain protein, is expressed in the myogenic lineage during early mouse embryonic development.
abstract: MCAT elements and its cognate binding partners, the transcription enhancer factors (TEFs) play important roles in the regulation of expression of several muscle-specific genes. The biological effects of TEFs strongly depend on different co-factors, which might act as co-activators or anti-repressors to enable transcriptional activation of target genes by TEFs. Previously, we have cloned and characterized VITO-1, which acts as a skeletal muscle-specific transcriptional co-activator of TEFs. Here we describe the cloning and expression profile of a related gene, VITO-2 (also termed Vgl-3), which shares a high homology with VITO-1 in the SID domain responsible for interaction with TEFs. During early embryonic and fetal development VITO-2 is mainly expressed in the myogenic lineage with an onset of expression in the myotomes of somites VI at E9.5 slightly later than VITO-1. At later developmental stages VITO-2 is predominantly found in the nervous system. In adult mice VITO-2 was detected in different tissues, including skeletal muscle, heart, kidney, liver and brain, where it was found in cortical and cerebellar neurons as well as in Purkinje cells. The expression of VITO-2 in the mesoderm was repressed by the notch/delta pathway and activated by Myf-5 since Dll-1 mutant showed an aberrant expression of VITO-2 but not VITO-1 in the tail bud and in the caudal neural tube at E10.5 while Myf-5 mutant mice lack expression of VITO-1 and VITO-2 in somites until E10.5.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Parkstr. 1, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Hessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mielcarek
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Piotrowska
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Braun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D001934:Branchial Region / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000172:deficiency; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000235:genetics*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D051787:Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5 / Q000172:deficiency; D046569:Neuroepithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D019170:Somites / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C512925:Dlk1 protein, mouse; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C497418:Myf5 protein, mouse; D051787:Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5; D014157:Transcription Factors; C540284:VITO-2 protein, mouse