title: Treatment of experimental osteomyelitis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a synthetic carrier of calcium sulphate (Stimulan) releasing moxifloxacin.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of a synthetic semihydrate form of calcium sulphate (Stimulan) in experimental bone infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Osteomyelitis was induced after inoculation of the test pathogen in the left tibia of 72 New Zealand rabbits assigned to the following groups: 18 control rabbits (Group A); 18 rabbits with Stimulan implanted (Group B); and 36 rabbits with moxifloxacin-impregnated Stimulan implanted (Group C). Rabbits were sacrificed at weekly intervals and cancellous bone was harvested for histopathology and for estimation of bacterial growth and concentrations of moxifloxacin. Bacterial growth from cancellous bone of Group C was significantly lower than the respective growth of Groups A and B on all days of sacrifice. The main histological finding of animals in all three groups was a moderate to intense inflammatory reaction accompanied by fibrosis. The degree of fibrosis was higher in Group C compared with both other groups. Infiltration by giant cells was also observed, which was greater in Group C on Day 42. Antibiotic levels in bone were higher for bone samples closer to the site of implantation. In conclusion, Stimulan admixed with 10% moxifloxacin was very effective in achieving complete eradication of the causative pathogen in experimental osteomyelitis caused by MRSA.
authors.affiliation: 4th Department of Internal Medicine, University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Kyriaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanellakopoulou
authors.forename: Ilias
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Galanopoulos
authors.forename: Vassilios
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Soranoglou
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsaganos
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tziortzioti
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maris
authors.forename: Apostolos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papalois
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Giamarellou
authors.forename: Evangelos J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Giamarellos-Bourboulis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D002133:Calcium Sulfate