Complete genome sequence of the anaerobic, protein-degrading hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Desulfurococcus kamchatkensis.
Desulfurococcus kamchatkensis is an anaerobic organotrophic hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon isolated from a terrestrial hot spring. Its genome consists of a single circular chromosome of 1,365,223 bp with no extrachromosomal elements. A total of 1,474 protein-encoding genes were annotated, among which 205 are exclusive for D. kamchatkensis. The search for a replication origin site revealed a single region coinciding with a global extreme of the nucleotide composition disparity curve and containing a set of crenarchaeon-type origin recognition boxes. Unlike in most archaea, two genes encoding homologs of the eukaryotic initiator proteins Orc1 and Cdc6 are located distantly from this site. A number of mobile elements are present in the genome, including seven transposons representing IS607 and IS200/IS605 families and multiple copies of miniature inverted repeat transposable elements. Two large clusters of regularly interspaced repeats are present; none of the spacer sequences matches known archaeal extrachromosomal elements, except one spacer matches the sequence of a resident gene of D. kamchatkensis. Many of the predicted metabolic enzymes are associated with the fermentation of peptides and sugars, including more than 30 peptidases with diverse specificities, a number of polysaccharide degradation enzymes, and many transporters. Consistently, the genome encodes both enzymes of the modified Embden-Meyerhof pathway of glucose oxidation and a set of enzymes needed for gluconeogenesis. The genome structure and content reflect the organism's nutritionally diverse, competitive natural environment, which is periodically invaded by viruses and other mobile elements.
Ravin
Nikolai V
NV
Centre "Bioengineering," Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Mardanov
Andrey V
AV
Beletsky
Alexey V
AV
Kublanov
Ilya V
IV
Kolganova
Tatiana V
TV
Lebedinsky
Alexander V
AV
Chernyh
Nikolai A
NA
Bonch-Osmolovskaya
Elizaveta A
EA
Skryabin
Konstantin G
KG
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D019843:Archaeal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D019620:Desulfurococcaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045482:Hot Springs / Q000382:microbiology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D020161:Physical Chromosome Mapping; D018741:Replication Origin
D000596:Amino Acids; D019843:Archaeal Proteins; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D009005:Monosaccharides; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases