title: An immunohistochemical evaluation of cell adhesion molecules in human dental pulp after tooth preparation and application of temporary luting cements.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine if temporary luting cements used with provisional restorations alter the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in human dental pulp.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five healthy human premolars and third molars scheduled to be extracted for orthodontic reasons were randomly assigned to 5 experimental groups. Group 1 included untreated teeth as negative control. In groups 2-5, provisional crowns were cemented to the prepared teeth with either eugenol-containing or eugenol-free temporary cement and extracted 24 or 48 h after the treatment. Expression ratio and staining intensity of CAMs, including E-selectin, P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1), was investigated in the pulp samples. The assessment of immunohistochemical reactions was performed by 2 independent observers using a semiquantitative scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant reductions were recorded in the expression ratio and/or the staining intensity of E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 in samples removed 48 h after treatment with eugenol-containing cement compared with intact teeth. This reduction was significant only for ICAM-1 for 48-h eugenol-free samples. Moreover, the eugenol-free cement group indicated considerably higher E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 expression compared with the eugenol-containing group (P < .005) 48 h after the application. The PECAM-1 reactivity was similar for all of the experimental groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of temporary luting cements after tooth preparation for full crown causes alterations in the expression of endothelial CAMs in the dental pulp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bagis
authors.forename: Pergin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Atilla
authors.forename: Nur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cakar
authors.forename: Ufuk
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hasanreisoglu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D003442:Crowns; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003794:Dental Restoration, Temporary / Q000379:methods*; D005054:Eugenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008899:Mineral Oil / Q000494:pharmacology; D018915:Root Canal Preparation; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003738:Dental Cements; C474196:Tempbond NE; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; D005054:Eugenol; C076899:Temp-Bond; D008899:Mineral Oil; D015034:Zinc Oxide