title: Progesterone, but not estradiol, synchronizes circadian oscillator in the uterus endometrial stromal cells.
abstract: The circadian oscillator is generated within the suprachiasmatic nuclei and synchronizes circadian clocks in numerous peripheral tissues. The molecular basis is composed of a number of genes and proteins that form transcriptional and translational feedback loops. Such molecular oscillators are also operative in peripheral tissues, including in the uterus. Although ovarian steroids regulate the function of uterine endometrial stromal cells, the modulation of ovarian steroids on the circadian rhythms remains unknown. Here we investigate the possibility that estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) modulate the circadian oscillator of the stromal cells. The study using transgenic rats constructed with Period 2 (Per2) promoter-destabilized luciferase (Per2-dLuc) gene, with the real-time monitoring system of Per2-dLuc oscillation. The stromal cells displayed constant Per2-dLuc oscillation after treatment with dexamethasone, suggesting that the circadian oscillator is operative. However, the circadian oscillator was disrupted by in vivo administration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) following equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), although it was altered into a rhythmic pattern 4 days later following hCG. Chronic treatment with P4 induced constant Per2-dLuc oscillation in the stromal cells from eCG-treated immature and pregnant rats, whereas E2 did not promote such a rhythmic Per2-dLuc oscillation. Collectively, P4 synchronizes the circadian oscillator of the uterus endometrial stromal cells through transcriptional and translational feedback loops of the clockwork system.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology and Biotechnology, Department of Animal and Marine Bioresource Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Pei-Jian
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Nozomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchikawa
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Masa-Aki
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hattori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D025461:Feedback, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D055647:Rats, Transgenic; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014599:Uterus / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol