title: Failure of augmentation of labor epidural analgesia for intrapartum cesarean delivery: a retrospective review.
abstract: In this study, we aimed to identify the incidence and predictive factors associated with failed labor epidural augmentation for cesarean delivery. Data of parturients, who had received neuraxial labor analgesia and who subsequently required intrapartum cesarean delivery during an 18-mo period, were retrospectively studied. Predictors associated with failure of extension of epidural analgesia in the presence of adequate time for onset of epidural anesthesia were identified by univariate logistic regression. Of the 1025 parturients, 1.7% had failed epidural extension. Predictors of failed epidural anesthesia included initiation of labor analgesia with plain epidural technique (compared to combined spinal-epidural) (P = 0.001), >or=2 episodes of breakthrough pain during labor (P < 0.001) and prolonged duration of neuraxial labor analgesia (P = 0.02).
authors.affiliation: Department of Women's Anesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Shuying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lew
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Alex T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Sia
mesh_terms: D015360:Analgesia, Epidural; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D048949:Labor Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local