Ectomycorrhizal fungal community in alkaline-saline soil in northeastern China.
Alkaline-saline soil is widespread in arid and semiarid regions of the world and causes severe environmental and agricultural problems. To advance our understanding of the adaptation of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) to alkaline-saline soil, we investigated EMF communities on Mongolian willow (Salix linearistipularis) growing in alkaline-saline soil (up to pH 9.2) in northeastern China. In total, 75 root samples were collected from 25 willow individuals over 4.7 ha. To identify fungal species in ectomycorrhizal root tips, we used terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA. We detected 11 EMF species, including species of Inocybe, Hebeloma, and Tomentella of the Basidiomycota and three Ascomycota species. The EMF richness of the study site was estimated to be 15-17 using major estimators. The most abundant species was Geopora sp. 1, while no Geopora-dominated EMF communities have been reported so far. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the phylogroup including Geopora sp. 1 has been found mostly in alkaline soil habitats, indicating its adaptation to high soil pH. Because EMF are indispensable for host plant growth, the EMF species detected in this study may be useful for restoration of alkaline-saline areas.
Ishida
Takahide A
TA
Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan. ishida@anesc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.|Umeå Plant Science Centre, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden. ishida@anesc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Nara
Kazuhide
K
Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan.
Ma
Shurong
S
Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
Takano
Tetsuo
T
Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan.
Liu
Shenkui
S
Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan.|Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
D001203:Ascomycota / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002681:China; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D032108:Salix / Q000382:microbiology*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012988:Soil Microbiology
D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012987:Soil