title: Clinical and pathological features of primary carcinoma of the cystic duct.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  According to Farrar's criteria, a tumor restricted to the cystic duct is defined as cystic duct carcinoma, but this definition excludes advanced carcinoma originating from the cystic duct.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the purpose of this study, primary cystic duct carcinoma was defined as a tumor originating from the cystic duct. We investigated the clinicopathological features of 15 cystic duct carcinomas, including 13 that did not fit Farrar's criteria, and compared them with those of 52 cases of gallbladder carcinoma and 161 cases of extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of primary cystic duct carcinoma was 6.6% among all malignant biliary tumors. The main symptom was jaundice in 67% of cases. The operative procedures employed ranged from cholecystectomy to hepatopancreatoduodenectomy. The cases of cystic duct carcinoma and bile duct carcinoma showed a high frequency of perineural infiltration. The overall 5-year survival rate of the 15 patients was 40%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with advanced cystic duct carcinoma show a high frequency of jaundice and perineural infiltration. Our data suggest that cystic duct carcinoma may be considered a distinct subgroup of gallbladder carcinoma. Radical surgery is necessary for potentially curative resection in patients with advanced cystic duct carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Takenari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: Junpei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soeda
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyagawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017734:Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D003549:Cystic Duct / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome