title: Green tea extract increases cyclophosphamide-induced teratogenesis by modulating the expression of cytochrome P-450 mRNA.
abstract: The effects of green tea extract (GTE) on the fetal development and external, visceral and skeletal abnormalities induced by cyclophosphamide were investigated in rats. Pregnant rats were daily administered GTE (100mg/kg) by gavage for 7 d, from the 6th to 12th day of gestation, and intraperitoneally administered with cyclophosphamide (11mg/kg) 1h after the final treatment. On the 20th day of gestation, maternal and fetal abnormalities were determined by Cesarian section. Cyclophosphamide was found to reduce fetal and placental weights without increasing resorption or death. In addition, it induced malformations in live fetuses; 94.6%, 41.5% and 100% of the external (skull and limb defects), visceral (cleft palate and ureteric dilatation) and skeletal (acrania, vertebral/costal malformations and delayed ossification) abnormalities. When pre-treated with GTE, cyclophosphamide-induced body weight loss and abnormalities of fetuses were remarkably aggravated. Moreover, repeated treatment with GTE greatly increased mRNA expression and activity of hepatic cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2B, which metabolizes cyclophosphamide into teratogenic acrolein and cytotoxic phosphoramide mustard, while reducing CYP3A expression (a detoxifying enzyme). The results suggest that repeated intake of GTE may aggravate cyclophosphamide-induced body weight loss and malformations of fetuses by modulating CYP2B and CYP3A.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 410 Seongbongro (Gaeshin-dong), Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dongsun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeong Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Sunhee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Seong Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Dae-Hyuck
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Seol-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Min-Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Yeoung Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jae Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyeong-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Byeongwoo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Ki-Wan
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Yun-Bae
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000633:toxicity*; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013662:Tea; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013662:Tea; D013723:Teratogens; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A