title: [Surgical treatment and prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of thoracic esophagus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the prognostic factors of thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after esophagectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinicopathologic data of 716 patients with thoracic ESCC from January 1990 to December 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 538 male and 178 female patients aged from 24 to 78 years old with a median of 57 years old. Cumulative survival rate was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the Log-rank test. COX regression model was used for multivariate prognostic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year survival rates were 82.9%, 44.3%, 34.2% and 25.7% respectively. The 5-year survival rates was 80.0%, 51.2%, 19.7% and 13.3% for stage I, stage IIA, stage IIB and stage III respectively. Of the 716 patients, 151 (21.1%) patients recurred, including 48 (84.2%) of stage IIA recurrence, 22 (91.7%) of stage IIB recurrence and 63 (90.0%) of stage III recurrence occurred within 3 years postoperatively. Univariate analysis revealed that the factors impacting the prognosis were gender, depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, pathologic stage, number of lymph node metastatic field, differentiation, surgical margin and tumor relapse. Multivariate analysis showed that depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, pathologic stage and tumor relapse were independently associated to poor prognosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, pathologic stage and tumor relapse are the independent factors of ESCC. Surgery is still the primary treatment for stage I-IIA esophageal cancer; but it is suggested to adopt surgical treatment as primary modality combined with other therapies for stage IIB-III esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Lung Cancer Research Center and the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
authors.forename: Dong-kun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jian-hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Lan-jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guo-wei
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Zhi-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Tie-hua
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Rong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis