title: Post-biopsy bovine embryo viability and whole genome amplification in preimplantation genetic diagnosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of the biopsy of 8-cell to 16-cell bovine embryos on their subsequent development and the effect of whole genome amplification (WGA) on removed blastomeres.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Molecular genetics and animal reproduction laboratories.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cow ovaries obtained from slaughterhouses.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ovaries were punctured, and the oocytes were matured and fertilized in vitro. On the fourth day after fertilization, 8-cell to 16-cell bovine embryos were biopsied, one quarter of each embryo being removed. The blastomeres were submitted to WGA followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The embryos were returned to culture for evaluation of their development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subsequent rate of blastocyst development, embryo cell number, WGA efficiency, and sex determination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 92 embryos were submitted to biopsy. The blastocyst production was 53.3%, with 44.9% of hatching rate. These results were similar to those of the control group (66.0% and 42.6%) of 103 embryos. Overall, no impact was detected on embryo quality in blastocyst cell number between the two groups. Removed blastomeres were submitted to WGA, resulting in 98.2% of efficiency. However, only 59% of the samples were sexed by PCR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biopsy of 8-cell to 16-cell bovine embryos did not affect their subsequent development. WGA was successful in removed blastomeres.
authors.affiliation: Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Gado de Leite, Brazil. jupol@powermail.com.br
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polisseni
authors.forename: Wanderlei Ferreira de
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Sá
authors.forename: Martha de Oliveira
authors.initials: Mde O
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.forename: Marco Antônio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Raquel Varella
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Serapião
authors.forename: Bruno Campos de
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Luiz Sérgio de Almeida
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: Vera Maria
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D001757:Blastomeres / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000662:veterinary*; D016678:Genome; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / Q000662:veterinary*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D011247:Pregnancy; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis / Q000662:veterinary