title: A PGC-1alpha-O-GlcNAc transferase complex regulates FoxO transcription factor activity in response to glucose.
abstract: Metabolic and stress response gene regulation is crucial for the survival of an organism to a changing environment. Three key molecules that sense nutrients and broadly affect gene expression are the FoxO transcription factors, the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1alpha, and the dynamic post-translational modification, O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). Here we identify novel post-translational modifications of PGC-1alpha, including O-GlcNAc, and describe a novel mechanism for how PGC-1alpha co-activates transcription by FoxOs. In liver, in cultured cells, and in vitro with recombinant proteins, PGC-1alpha binds to O-GlcNAc transferase and targets the enzyme to FoxOs, resulting in their increased GlcNAcylation and increased transcriptional activity. Furthermore, glucose-enhanced activation of FoxO1 occurs via this PGC-1alpha-O-GlcNAc transferase-mediated GlcNAcylation. Therefore, one mechanism by which PGC-1alpha can serve as a co-activator of transcription is by targeting the O-GlcNAc transferase to increase GlcNAcylation of specific transcription factors important to nutrient/stress sensing and energy metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Housley
authors.forename: Namrata D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Udeshi
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shabanowitz
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puigserver
authors.forename: Donald F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Gerald W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Hart
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000215:Acylation / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C085126:FOXO1 protein, human; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D014157:Transcription Factors; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; D000117:Acetylglucosamine