title: Management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: current trends.
abstract: Renal cell carcinoma is one of the common malignancies of the genitourinary tract. In approximately one third of patients, distant metastases are present at the time of initial diagnosis and in another third, the tumor will recur even after nephrectomy with a curative intent. Renal cell carcinoma is resistant to all conventional treatment modalities of cancer, including radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We review the management of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the era of the new targeted therapeutic agents.
authors.affiliation: The Ayr Hospital, 19 Hilston Close, Ingleby Barwick, Stockton on Tees, TS17 5AG, UK.
authors.forename: Aza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Iqbal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shergill
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Little
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors