title: Effects of the polycyclic musk HHCB on individual- and population-level endpoints in Potamopyrgus antipodarum.
abstract: Although the polycyclic musk 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[gamma]-2-benzopyran (HHCB) is frequently detected in aquatic sediments, very little is known about its effects on sediment-feeding organisms. Effects of sediment-associated HHCB on growth, feeding rate, survival and reproduction in the gastropod Potamopyrgus antipodarum were measured in the laboratory. Snails were exposed to six nominal HHCB concentrations: 0, 0.1, 1, 10, 30 and 100microg g(-1) dry weight (dw) sediment. Adult survival and growth were not affected by HHCB. However, juvenile growth and survival, reproduction, time to first reproduction and adult feeding rate were more sensitive endpoints and declined with increasing HHCB concentration. Individual-level endpoints for P. antipodarum were integrated into a population model to investigate the effects of HHCB on population growth rate. Under otherwise favorable laboratory conditions, population growth rate was slightly (by ca. 2%), but not significantly, reduced with increasing HHCB exposure concentration. Model simulations were performed to explore the consequences of HHCB exposure under more ecologically realistic conditions (i.e., survival and reproduction of unexposed snails were markedly reduced relative to the laboratory). The results suggest that despite detectable effects of HHCB on individual-level endpoints measured in the laboratory, impacts on population dynamics of this deposit feeder are not likely to occur at environmentally relevant exposure concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Center for Integrated Population Ecology, Department of Environmental, Social and Spatial Change, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, P.O. Box 260, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Signe
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Henriette
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Selck
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salvito
authors.forename: Valery
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Forbes
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis; D006128:Growth / Q000187:drug effects; D011153:Population; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012908:Snails / Q000502:physiology*; D013534:Survival
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; C033119:galaxolide