title: Is the content of the Chinese Quality of Life Instrument (ChQOL) really valid in the context of traditional Chinese medicine in Hong Kong?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Content validity is crucial in quality of life instrument development but there is very little literature on this in Chinese culture. The Chinese Quality of Life Instrument (ChQOL) was developed in Mainland China to capture the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) concepts specific to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The aim of this study was to evaluate the content validity of ChQOL in a Chinese population whose spoken dialect and health-care system are different from those of Mainland China to find out whether the instrument is generalizable.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 TCM practitioners and 10 patients rated the clarity, relevance and appropriateness of each of the 50 items of the ChQOL (HK version), and completed qualitative cognitive debriefing interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The content of ChQOL was rated valid by TCM practitioners with CVIs on clarity, relevance and appropriateness ranging from 80 to 100%. 49 out of 50 items were well understood by patients, but 12 items had CVI on relevance and 5 items had CVI on appropriateness lower than 70% among patients. After reviewing the patients and TCM practitioners' opinions, revisions were made for three items (2, 8 and 29) to form the ChQOL (HK version)-2008. In general, the ChQOL was found to be too long which called for shorter version.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The content of ChQOL was shown to be really valid in the context of Chinese Medicine for Cantonese speaking Chinese. There was some discrepancy between the judgments of TCM practitioners and patients indicating the importance of evaluation by both experts and lay persons.
authors.affiliation: Family Medicine Unit, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 3/F, Ap Lei Chau Clinic, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong. wwong110@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Cindy L K
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards