The FISH test for the diagnosis, surveillance, and prognosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
BACKGROUND
A brief history of the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test and its use in the management of bladder tumors is outlined.


RESULTS
After a brief review of the subject, between 1990 and the present, including sensitivity and specificity studies, a referenced list of the various uses of the FISH test is provided.


CONCLUSIONS
It is concluded that the FISH test has almost completely replaced cystoscopy, urine cytology and all other tests and markers for the diagnosis, surveillance, management, and prognosis of bladder tumors. It has completely changed and revolutionized our previous routine of managing bladder tumors.
Haddad
Farid S
FS
The Sami I Haddad Memorial Library, Rancho Palos Verdes, California, USA. haddadmd@cox.net
D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D002896:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6; D002897:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7; D003558:Cystoscopy; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013852:Thiotepa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014314:Trisomy; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery
D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D013852:Thiotepa