title: Sono-chemical preparation of cellulose nanocrystals from lignocellulose derived materials.
abstract: This study examined the production of cellulose nanocrystals from microcrystalline wood cellulose, Avicel and recycled pulp of wood pulp using sono-chemical-assisted hydrolysis. Two hydrolysis systems: deionized water and maleic acid were evaluated. In deionized water, Avicel produced cellulose nanocrystals with average diameter of 21+/-5 nm (minimum 15 nm and maximum 32 nm). Cellulose nanocrystals from recycled pulp were not distinctively spherical and had an average diameter of 23+/-4 nm (minimum 14 nm and maximum 32 nm). Maleic acid (50 mM) sono-chemical assisted hydrolysis of Avicel at 15 degrees C and 90% power output for 9 min produced cellulose nanocrystals which were cylindrical in shape and were of dimensions, length 65+/-19 nm and width 15 nm.
authors.affiliation: Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6125, United States.
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Filson
authors.forename: Benjamin E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Dawson-Andoh
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D006868:Hydrolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D008298:Maleates / Q000494:pharmacology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014867:Water; D014934:Wood / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D008298:Maleates; D014867:Water; C036909:lignocellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin; C030272:maleic acid