title: Doppler waveform indices of fetal middle cerebral artery in normal 20 to 40 weeks pregnancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the main methods for evaluation of fetal well-being is analysis of Doppler flow velocity waveform of fetal vessels. Evaluation of Doppler wave of the middle cerebral artery can predict most of the at-risk fetuses in high-risk pregnancies. In this study, we tried to determine the normal ranges and their trends during pregnancy of Doppler flow velocity indices (resistive index, pulsatility index, systolic-to-diastolic ratio, and peak systolic velocity) of middle cerebral artery in 20 - 40 weeks normal pregnancies in Iranians.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study, 1037 women with normal pregnancy and gestational age of 20 to 40 weeks were investigated for fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resistive index, pulsatility index, and systolic-to-diastolic ratio values of middle cerebral artery decreased in a parabolic pattern while the peak systolic velocity value increased linearly with progression of the gestational age. These changes were statistically significant (P<0.001 for all four variables) and were more characteristic during late weeks of pregnancy. The mean fetal heart rate was also significantly (P<0.001) reduced in correlation with the gestational age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Doppler waveform indices of fetal middle cerebral artery are useful means for determining fetal well-being. Herewith, the normal ranges of Doppler waveform indices for an Iranian population are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad-Kazem
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Tarzamni
authors.forename: Nariman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nezami
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gatreh-Samani
authors.forename: Sakine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vahedinia
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarzamni
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D012016:Reference Values; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*