title: A signature of evolutionary constraint on a subset of ectopically expressed olfactory receptor genes.
abstract: Olfactory receptor (OR) genes constitute the basis for the sense of smell. It has long been observed that a subset of mammalian OR genes are expressed in nonolfactory tissues, in addition to their expression in the olfactory epithelium. However, it is unknown whether OR genes have alternative functions in the nonolfactory tissues. Using a dedicated microarray, we surveyed OR gene expression in olfactory epithelium as well as a number of nonolfactory tissues, in human and chimpanzee. Our observations suggest that ectopically expressed OR orthologous genes are expressed in the same nonolfactory tissues in human and chimpanzee more often than expected by chance alone. Moreover, we found that the subset of orthologous OR genes with conserved ectopic expression evolve under stronger evolutionary constraint than OR genes expressed exclusively in the olfactory epithelium. Thus, although we cannot provide direct functional data, our observations are consistent with the notion that a subset of ectopically expressed OR genes have additional functions in nonolfactory tissues.
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: De la Cruz
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blekhman
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nicolae
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Firestein
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gilad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D018034:Olfactory Receptor Neurons; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D018035:Receptors, Odorant / Q000235:genetics*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D018035:Receptors, Odorant