title: Comparison of gray-scale contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with contrast-enhanced computed tomography in different grading of blunt hepatic and splenic trauma: an animal experiment.
abstract: To compare the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) for the detection of different grading of solid organ injuries in blunt abdominal trauma in animals. A self-made miniature tools were used as models to simulate a blunt hepatic or splenic trauma in 16 and 14 anesthetized dogs, respectively. Baseline ultrasound, CEUS and CECT were used to detect traumatic injuries of livers and spleens. The degree of injuries was determined by CEUS according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) scale and the results compared with injury scale based on CECT evaluation. CEUS showed 22 hepatic injury sites in 16 animals and 17 splenic injury sites in other 14 animals. According to AAST scale, 2 grade I, 4 grade II, 3 grade III, 5 grade IV and 2 grade V hepatic lesions were present in 16 animals; 2 grade I, 4 grade II, 6 grade III and 2 grade IV splenic lesions in 14 animals. On CECT scan, 21 hepatic and 17 splenic injuries were demonstrated. According to Becker CT scaling for hepatic injury, 1 grade I, 2 grade II, 4 grade III, 5 grade IV and 2 grade V hepatic injuries were present. On the basis of Buntain spleen scaling, 2 grade I, 5 grade II, 5 grade III, 2 grade IV splenic injuries were showed. After Spearman rank correlation analysis, the agreement of CEUS with CECT on the degree of hepatic and splenic injury is 93.3% and 92.9%, respectively. CT is currently considered as the reference method for grading blunt abdominal trauma, according to experiment results, CEUS grading showed high levels of concordance with CECT. CEUS can accurately determine the degree of injury and will play an important role in clinical application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasound, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, China. txiner@vip.sina.com
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Wenxiu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Faqin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Huiqin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lihai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuexiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Junlai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D004285:Dogs; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D023421:Models, Animal; D010743:Phospholipids; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013154:Spleen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D010743:Phospholipids; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; C420843:contrast agent BR1; C054871:ioversol; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride