title: Safety issues of maternal drug therapy during breastfeeding.
abstract: Two goals when counseling breastfeeding mothers taking medication are protecting the infant from adverse events and permitting necessary maternal therapy. Madadi et al. report a case-control study of neonatal and maternal opioid toxicity after codeine administration. Therapeutic considerations in counseling breastfeeding mothers include susceptibility to drug toxicity of the very young and/or premature infant, significant interindividual variations in drug response, the dose-response relationship with respect to drug toxicity, and the role of pharmacogenetics in both the mother and the infant. These host factors may combine in a particular patient to act synergistically to produce an adverse reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA. cmb6@psu.edu
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Berlin
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Vesell
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003061:Codeine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010597:Pharmacogenetics
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D003061:Codeine