title: Dynamic biochemical information recovery in spontaneous human seminal fluid reactions via 1H NMR kinetic statistical total correlation spectroscopy.
abstract: Human seminal fluid (HSF) is a complex mixture of reacting glandular metabolite and protein secretions that provides critical support functions in fertilization. We have employed 600-MHz (1)H NMR spectroscopy to compare and contrast the temporal biochemical and biophysical changes in HSF from infertile men with spinal cord injury compared to age-matched controls. We have developed new approaches to data analysis and visualization to facilitate the interpretation of the results, including the first application of the recently published K-STOCSY concept to a biofluid, enhancing the extraction of information on biochemically related metabolites and assignment of resonances from the major seminal protein, semenogelin. Principal components analysis was also applied to evaluate the extent to which macromolecules influence the overall variation in the metabolic data set. The K-STOCSY concept was utilized further to determine the relationships between reaction rates and metabolite levels, revealing that choline, N-acetylglucosamine, and uridine are associated with higher peptidase activity. The novel approach adopted here has the potential to capture dynamic information in any complex mixture of reacting chemicals including other biofluids or cell extracts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Division of Surgery, Oncology, Reproductive Biology and Anaesthetics (SORA), Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom. a.maher@imperial.ac.uk
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Maher
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cloarec
authors.forename: Prasad
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patki
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Craggs
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lindon
authors.forename: Jeremy K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Nicholson
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000378:metabolism; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000379:methods*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011522:Protons; D012661:Semen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D014529:Uridine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D002794:Choline; D000117:Acetylglucosamine; D014529:Uridine