Interventional cardiovascular magnetic resonance: still tantalizing.
The often touted advantages of MR guidance remain largely unrealized for cardiovascular interventional procedures in patients. Many procedures have been simulated in animal models. We argue these opportunities for clinical interventional MR will be met in the near future. This paper reviews technical and clinical considerations and offers advice on how to implement a clinical-grade interventional cardiovascular MR (iCMR) laboratory. We caution that this reflects our personal view of the "state of the art."
Ratnayaka
Kanishka
K
Translational Medicine Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. ratnayakak@nhlbi.nih.gov
Faranesh
Anthony Z
AZ
Guttman
Michael A
MA
Kocaturk
Ozgur
O
Saikus
Christina E
CE
Lederman
Robert J
RJ
D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D004867:Equipment Design; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D053783:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D009873:Operating Rooms / Q000458:organization & administration; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome