title: Anti-inflammatory effects of essential oil isolated from the buds of Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr and Perry.
abstract: Cleistocalyx operculatus (Roxb.) Merr and Perry buds (Myrtaceae) are widely used in folk medicine for the treatment of gastric ailments as well as an antiseptic agent in China, Vietnam and some other tropical countries. However, to be clinically useful, more scientific data are needed. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil of the C. operculatus buds (EO-CO). In the applied tests, EO-CO significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), in RAW 264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage-like cell line. Also the mRNA expression of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta was suppressed by treatment with EO-CO in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, reporter gene analysis revealed that the EO-CO significantly blocked LPS-induced transcriptional activation of NF-kappaB in RAW 264.7 cells. Nuclear translocation of p65 subunit was also suppressed by EO-CO treatment. In addition, EO-CO inhibited phorbol ester-induced increase in ear swelling and skin water content in BALB/c mice. These results suggest that EO-CO might exert an anti-inflammatory effect by suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines which is mediated, at least in part, by blocking NF-kappaB activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 712-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Nguyen Thi
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Dung
authors.forename: Vivek K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Bajpai
authors.forename: Jung In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sun Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004431:Ear, External / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D027822:Myrtaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016207:Cytokines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010938:Plant Oils; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha