title: [Expression of VEGF in prostate cancer and its correlation with ET-1].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expressions of VEGF in prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), their clinical significance and their relationship with that of ET-1.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 44 specimens of PCa and 36 of BPH tissues were examined by the immunohistochemical Elivision plus method for the expressions of VEGF and ET-1. The intensity of staining for VEGF and ET-1 was assessed by light microscopy on a scale from "-" to "+ + +".
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rates of positive expression of VEGF were 69.4% in BPH and 80.9% in PCa, positive staining mostly in the cytoplasm of glandular epithelia and cancer cells, and strongly positive in all the stroma vascular endothelial cells. The staining intensity of VEGF was significantly higher in the PCa than in the BPH group (P < 0.05) , in the bone metastasis (BM) than in the non-BM group (P < 0.01), and in the lowly than in the highly and moderately differentiated PCa tissues (P < 0.01). The expression of VEGF was positively correlated with that of ET-1 ( r(s) = 0.780, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGF is involved in the development, progression and metastasis of PCa. VEGF and ET-1 may play a joint role in its development and progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nanjing University School of Medicine/Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China.
authors.forename: Wen-Quan
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hong-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Zheng-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Jing-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Shui-Gen
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Hong-Qing
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Heng-Hui
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1