title: Nuclear maturation and structural components of nonhuman primate cumulus-oocyte complexes during in vivo and in vitro maturation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare cumulus cell structure and timing of oocyte maturation of in vitro-matured (IVM) and in vivo-matured (VVM) nonhuman primate oocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo maturation and in vitro maturation of oocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal cell culture laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight female rhesus macaques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen animals were administered FSH, and aspirated oocytes were cultured in vitro for 0, 3, 6, 12, or 24 hours (IVM). Thirty-three animals were administered FSH and hCG, and oocytes were collected 3, 6, 12, or 28-30 hours after hCG (VVM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Nuclear maturation and microtubule scores of oocytes and actin and tubulin transzonal processes of cumulus cells. Embryo development was observed for VVM oocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of nuclear maturation was faster for IVM oocytes compared with VVM oocytes. Actin transzonal processes decreased 0-12 hours after hCG administration for VVM oocytes. Tubulin transzonal processes of IVM and VVM oocytes decreased from 0 to 24 hours and from 0 to 3 hours, respectively. Embryo development improved as VVM time increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nuclear maturation and remodeling of cumulus-oocyte complex structural components associated with in vitro maturation do not parallel those of oocyte maturation in vivo, indicating that in vitro culture conditions continue to be suboptimal.
authors.affiliation: California National Primate Research Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Jenna K Nyholt
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: de Prada
authors.forename: Dana L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chaffin
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: VandeVoort
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D054885:Cumulus Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011323:Primates
chemical_list: D009842:Oligopeptides; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; C057022:iturelix