title: Potential chemotherapy side effects: what do oncologists tell parents?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In order to determine the number of short-term side effects and late effects discussed during an informed consent conference (ICC) after the diagnosis of acute leukemia, we observed the occurrence(s) and the ratio between short-term side effects versus late effects during an ICC.
  
  
  METHODS
  ICC(s) of childhood leukemia trials were audio-taped at six different study sites. The side effects mentioned during each of these ICC(s) were coded and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred forty cases were reviewed, from which we coded a total of 3,173 acute side effects and 242 late effects. The mean total side effects mentioned during each ICC was 24 (range 5-47). The number of late effects coded were significantly less than acute side effects. We also found that the duration of ICC(s) was positively correlated with the number of side effects mentioned. In addition, the frequency of total side effects mentioned was independent of patient or parent demographic factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that acute side effects are often mentioned but the discussion of late effects is much less frequent in the initial ICC(s). Careful consideration regarding the ratio of acute and late effects that are communicated to parents in the context of the ICC may facilitate parental understanding of clinically relevant side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa Ysela
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: Samantha E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Huestis
authors.forename: Tsiao Yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zyzanski
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drotar
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kodish
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D011368:Professional-Family Relations / Q000941:ethics; D014342:Truth Disclosure / Q000941:ethics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents