title: Two-dimensional (43)Ca-(1)H correlation solid-state NMR spectroscopy.
abstract: Calcium-43 (nuclear spin, S=7/2) is an NMR insensitive low-gamma quadrupolar nucleus and up until recently only one-dimensional solid-state (43)Ca NMR spectra have been reported. Through-space correlation experiments are challenging between spin-12 and low-gamma quadrupolar nuclei because of the intrinsically weak dipolar interaction and the often-low natural abundance of the quadrupolar nucleus. Rotary-resonance recoupling (R(3)) has recently been used to re-introduce hetero-nuclear dipolar interactions for sensitive high-gamma quadrupolar nuclei, but has not yet been applied in the case of low-gamma half-integer quadrupolar nuclei. Here an effective and robust 2D (1)H-(43)Ca NMR correlation experiment combining the R(3) dipole-recoupling scheme with 2D HMQC is presented. It is demonstrated that the weak (43)Ca-(1)H dipolar coupling in hydroxyapatite and oxy-hydroxyapatite can be readily re-introduced and that this recoupling scheme is more efficient than conventional cross-polarization transfer. Moreover, three (43)Ca-(1)H dipolar coupled calcium environments are clearly resolved in the structurally unknown oxy-hydroxyapatite. This local information is not readily available from other techniques such as powder XRD and high resolution electron microscopy. R(3)-HMQC is also a desirable experiment because the set-up is simple and it can be applied using conventional multi-resonance probes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Laurencin
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dupree
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002127:Calcium Isotopes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011522:Protons; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D002127:Calcium Isotopes; D011522:Protons; D013113:Spin Labels; D017886:Durapatite