title: [The relationship between subjective sleep quality and aggression in male subjects with antisocial personality disorder].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate subjective sleep quality and to determine its relationship to aggression in male subjects diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (APD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 125 male soldiers with APD that consecutively presented to the outpatient psychiatric unit of GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital. A control group of 125 normal volunteers with no known medical or psychiatric disorders were selected from among male military personnel. The subjects were evaluated with an assessment battery, which included the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Aggression Questionnaire, during a semi-structured interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main finding was that more of the APD patients suffered from disturbed sleep quality than did the controls. Compared to the matched controls the APD patients had lower subjective sleep quality, longer sleep latency, shorter duration of sleep, less habitual sleep efficiency, more sleep disturbances, more use of sleeping medication, and a higher level of daytime dysfunction. In the APD group, elevated levels of aggression were also significantly correlated with impaired sleep quality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study provides support for a strong link between subjective sleep quality and aggression in APD. Recognition of sleep disturbances in APD patients is also relevant to the management of APD because effective strategies to improve sleep in this patient group might also lead to vast reductions in their aggressive behaviors.
authors.affiliation: GATA Haydarpaşa Eğitim Hastanesi Psikiyatri KI, Istanbul.
authors.forename: Umit Başar
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Semiz
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algül
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Başoğlu
authors.forename: Mehmet Alpay
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ateş
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ebrinç
authors.forename: Mesut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Güneş
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Günay
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult