title: Cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity of trichothecene macrolides from Myrothecium gramminum.
abstract: (1)H-NMR guided fractionation of the EtOAc extract from the culture of Myrothecium gramminum (strain no. 3.1968) led to the isolation of eight cytotoxic trichothecene macrolides ( 1 - 8), all being substantially inhibitory against HepG2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma) and KB (human nasopharynyeal epidermoid tumor) cell lines with IC (50) values ranging from 2.2 to 12.2 mug/mL. Their inactivity to or weaker action on Vero cells (IC (50) values > 20 microg/mL, originated from the African green monkey kidney) highlighted preliminarily the nature of the selective cytotoxicity of the fungal metabolites against the test cancer cell lines. In addition, verrucarin A ( 1) and roridin A ( 5) were found to be potent inhibitors of the radial growth of Echinochloa crusgalli with corresponding IC (50) values of (7.96 +/- 0.31) x 10 ( - 6) and (9.18 +/- 0.44) x 10 ( - 6) M, respectively, which were more potent than that of the positive control (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) [(9.40 +/- 0.04) x 10 ( - 5) M].
authors.affiliation: Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hui Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Rui Hua
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Yu Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yu Rong
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ren Xiang
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000737:chemistry*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D018942:Macrolides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D006109:Poaceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D003603:Cytotoxins; D018942:Macrolides