PM1-Alpha ELISA: the assay of choice for the detection of anti-PM/Scl autoantibodies?
A characteristic serological feature of patients suffering from the overlap polymyositis and scleroderma (PM/Scl) syndrome are antibodies to the human counterpart of the yeast exosome referred to as the PM/Scl complex. Historically, the detection of anti-PM/Scl antibodies was laborious and relied largely on indirect immunofluorescence and immunodiffusion techniques. In 1992 the major autoantigen PM/Scl-100 was identified and cloned. Subsequently, the major epitopes were mapped and one of these, termed PM1-Alpha, became the antigen for a novel ELISA exhibiting high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of anti-PM/Scl antibodies. Comparative studies with other methods using other PM/Scl autoantigens have shown that the PM1-Alpha ELISA has higher sensitivity and specificity than assays that employed recombinant PM/Scl-75c and PM/Scl-100. Anti-PM1-Alpha antibodies were identified in 55.0% of sera from PM/Scl overlap syndrome patients, but were also seen in 7.9% of SSc and in 7.5% of PM patients. The frequency in other systemic autoimmune diseases and in infectious diseases was significant lower. In summary, the data derived from individual studies suggest that PM1-Alpha may become the "gold standard" for the detection of anti-PM/Scl antibodies.
Mahler
Michael
M
Dr. Fooke Laboratorien GmbH, Neuss, Germany. mmahler@fooke-labs.de
Fritzler
Marvin J
MJ
D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D005095:Exoribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D063326:Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex; D006801:Humans; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D012372:ROC Curve; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005095:Exoribonucleases; D063326:Exosome Multienzyme Ribonuclease Complex; C077044:EXOSC10 protein, human