title: The cerebral microvasculature in schizophrenia: a laser capture microdissection study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies of brain and peripheral tissues in schizophrenia patients have indicated impaired energy supply to the brain. A number of studies have also demonstrated dysfunction of the microvasculature in schizophrenia patients. Together these findings are consistent with a hypothesis of blood-brain barrier dysfunction in schizophrenia. In this study, we have investigated the cerebral vascular endothelium of schizophrenia patients at the level of transcriptomics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used laser capture microdissection to isolate both microvascular endothelial cells and neurons from post mortem brain tissue from schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. RNA was isolated from these cell populations, amplified, and analysed using two independent microarray platforms, Affymetrix HG133plus2.0 GeneChips and CodeLink Whole Human Genome arrays. In the first instance, we used the dataset to compare the neuronal and endothelial data, in order to demonstrate that the predicted differences between cell types could be detected using this methodology. We then compared neuronal and endothelial data separately between schizophrenic subjects and controls. Analysis of the endothelial samples showed differences in gene expression between schizophrenics and controls which were reproducible in a second microarray platform. Functional profiling revealed that these changes were primarily found in genes relating to inflammatory processes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides preliminary evidence of molecular alterations of the cerebral microvasculature in schizophrenia patients, suggestive of a hypo-inflammatory state in this tissue type. Further investigation of the blood-brain barrier in schizophrenia is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Laura W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wayland
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Giger
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lockstone
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wuethrich
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mimmack
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kotter
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Craddock
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001344:Autopsy; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D042282:Microdissection / Q000379:methods*; D055806:Microvessels / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult