title: What determines subjective health status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: importance of symptoms in subjective health status of COPD patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subjective health status is the result of an interaction between physiological and psychosocial factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, there is little understanding of multivariate explanations of subjective health status in COPD. The purpose of this study was to explore what determines subjective health status in COPD by evaluating the relationships between background variables such as age and sex, predicted FEV1%, oxygen saturation, breathlessness, anxiety and depression, exercise capacity, and physical and mental health.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study had a cross-sectional design, and included 100 COPD patients (51% men, mean age 66.1 years). Lung function was assessed by predicted FEV1%, oxygen saturation by transcutaneous pulse oximeter, symptoms with the St George Respiratory Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, physical function with the Incremental Shuttle Walking Test, and subjective health status with the SF-36 health survey. Linear regression analysis was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Older patients reported less breathlessness and women reported more anxiety (p < 0.050). Women, older patients, those with lower predicted FEV1%, and those with greater depression had lower physical function (p < 0.050). Patients with higher predicted FEV1%, those with more breathlessness, and those with more anxiety or depression reported lower subjective health status (p < 0.050). Symptoms explained the greatest variance in subjective health status (35%-51%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptoms are more important for the subjective health status of patients with COPD than demographics, physiological variables, or physical function. These findings should be considered in the treatment and care of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Stord/Haugesund University College, Department of Nursing Education, Haugesund, Norway. signe.bentsen@hsh.no
authors.forename: Signe Berit
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Bentsen
authors.forename: Anne Hildur
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Henriksen
authors.forename: Tore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wentzel-Larsen
authors.forename: Berit Rokne
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Hanestad
authors.forename: Astrid Klopstad
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Wahl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires