title: Early recovery of pulmonary vein conduction after cryoballoon ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the incidence of early pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection, characterize the anatomic features of the reconducting veins, and analyse the time course of their recovery in a series of consecutive patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing ablation with the Arctic Front Cryoballoon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We prospectively enrolled 26 patients (20 males; age 55.4 +/- 4.1) for circumferential PV cryoballoon isolation for highly symptomatic paroxysmal AF. Following isolation of all veins, we analysed PV potentials in each vein after 30 and 60 min with a circular mapping catheter. After successful electrical isolation of all 104 PV's, recurrence was observed only in three veins (2.8%) after 30 min. Two further cryoballoon applications in each of these veins lead to their isolation. These veins were still electrically disconnected at 60 min. No PV reconnection was observed in any of the other 101 veins (97.1%) at 30 and 60 min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cryoballoon ablation of the PV's ostia is a very effective technique to achieve electrical isolation, with a very low rate of early reconnection.
authors.affiliation: Heart Rhythm Management Center, UZ Brussel-VUB, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium. jeanbaptiste.chierchia@uzbrussel.be
authors.forename: Gian Battista
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Chierchia
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Asmundis
authors.forename: Stephan-Andreas
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Müller-Burri
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarkozy
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Capulzini
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paparella
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chierchia
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brugada
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome