title: Nutrition and public hygiene among children under five years of age in Mukuru slums of Makadara Division, Nairobi.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationship between sanitation and malnutrition among children below five years.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sampling followed by an experimental design on microbiological analysis of food and water samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mukuru slums of Makadara division in Nairobi City.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty food and thirty water samples from households within the study area were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Poor food and personal hygiene were observed within the households in the study area. Most of the respondents did not practice hygienic methods during food handling such as washing hands and vegetables before preparation. Food especially the leftovers was served at ambient temperatures. Sneezing and coughing over food during preparation were also a common practice which exposed consumers to contamination, Garbage disposal and proper drainage were also poor deepening on the sanitation problem. Microbiological analysis of water and food revealed that food and water quality were poor due to the high coliform counts and confirmed presence of Escherichia coli (E-coli) and Salmonella spp. pathogens which are known causes of diarrhoea in children under five years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor hygienic and unsanitary practices are major causes of diarrhoea, hence malnutrition in crowded Mukuru slums of Nairobi City.
authors.affiliation: Department of Foods, Nutrition and Dietetics, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muoki
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Tumuti
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Rombo
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011203:Poverty; D011204:Poverty Areas; D011634:Public Health; D012499:Sanitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014871:Water Microbiology