title: Proteome alteration of U251 human astrocytoma cell after inhibiting retinoic acid synthesis.
abstract: Retinoic acid (Ra) is crucial for the patterning and neuronal differentiation in the central nervous system (CNS). Ra deficiency in animals disrupts the motor activities and memory abilities. The molecular mechanisms underlying these behavior abnormalities remain largely unknown. In the current study, we treated the astrocytoma cells with citral, an inhibitor of Ra synthesis. We analyzed the differences in the protein concentrations between the treated and untreated astrocytoma cells by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), Imagemaster software, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). In total, 39 of 46 altered protein spots with significant mascot scores were identified representing 36 proteins, that were involved in significantly altered glutamate metabolism, lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress response by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Altered 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) was also observed in western blot. These data provide some clues for explaining the behavioral changes caused by Ra deficiency, and support the hypothesis that Ra signaling is associated with some symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders and schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Bio-X Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Huashan Road 1954, Shanghai, 200030, China. lifeming@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chunling
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Baohu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Yujuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: La
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Linhan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xinzhi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yongyong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Guoyin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000818:Animals; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D050543:Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D020543:Proteome; D014212:Tretinoin; D050543:Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase; C007076:citral