Well-defined, multifunctional nanostructures of a paramagnetic lipid and a lipopeptide for macrophage imaging.
In the field of nanomedicine there is a great demand for technologies that allow the creation of self-assembled structures of which the size and morphology can be accurately controlled. In the current study, we report a nanoparticle platform that is composed of a paramagnetic lipid and a fluorescently labeled lipopeptide. By judiciously controlling the ratio of the aforementioned amphiphilic molecules, a variety of well-defined nanosized supramolecular structures with different sizes and morphologies could be created. The hydrodynamic radii of the different structures were determined by dynamic light scattering. Cryo-TEM revealed the aggregate morphology to vary from small micellar structures to plate-like and even full grown ribbons of which the aspect ratios varied from a diameter of 5-8 nm to structures with a width of up to 25 nm and infinite length. Interestingly, nuclear magnetic resonance dispersion profiling revealed excellent properties for MRI and also showed that the relaxivity of the structures was tunable and morphology dependent. Finally, macrophage cells were treated with two selected nanoparticles and were shown to be avidly taken up. In conclusion we demonstrate a methodology to create structures that (1) are paramagnetic to enable their detection with MRI, (2) exhibit fluorescent properties, (3) can be tuned to defined sizes and shapes, and (4) are efficiently taken up by macrophage cells in vitro.
Vucic
Esad
E
Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute and Imaging Science Laboratories, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
Sanders
Honorius M H F
HM
Arena
Francesca
F
Terreno
Enzo
E
Aime
Silvio
S
Nicolay
Klaas
K
Leupold
Eik
E
Dathe
Margitta
M
Sommerdijk
Nico A J M
NA
Fayad
Zahi A
ZA
Mulder
Willem J M
WJ
D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008027:Light; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000379:methods; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation
D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D019793:Fluorescein