A mimotope gene encoding the major IgE epitope of allergen Phl p 5 for epitope-specific immunization.
A gene vaccine based on a mammalian expression vector containing the sequence of a peptide mimotope of Phl p 5 was constructed. To test whether mimotope gene vaccines can induce allergen-specific antibody responses via molecular mimicry, BALB/c mice were immunized using the mimotope construct with or without a tetanus toxin T-helper epitope. Moreover, intradermal injection was compared to epidermal application via gene gun immunization. Immunization with both mimotope gene constructs elicited allergen-specific antibody responses. As expected, gene gun bombardment induced a Th2-biased immune response, typically associated with IgG1 and IgE antibody production. In contrast, intradermal injection of the vaccine triggered IgG2a antibody expression without any detectable IgE levels, thus biasing the immune response towards Th1. In an RBL assay, mimotope-specific IgG antibodies were able to prevent cross-linking of allergen-specific IgE by Phl p 5. A construct coding for the complete Phl p 5 induced T-cell activation, IFN-gamma and IL-4 production. In contrast, the mimotope-DNA construct being devoid of allergen-specific T-cell epitopes had no capacity to activate allergen-specific T cells. Taken together, our data show that it is feasible to induce blocking IgG antibodies with a mimotope-DNA construct when applied intradermally. Thus the mimotope-DNA strategy has two advantages: (1) the avoidance of IgE induction and (2) the avoidance of triggering allergen-specific T-lymphocytes. We therefore suggest that mimotope gene vaccines are potential candidates for epitope-specific immunotherapy of type I allergy.
Wallmann
J
J
Department of Pathophysiology, Center of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
Proell
M
M
Stepanoska
T
T
Hantusch
B
B
Pali-Schöll
I
I
Thalhamer
T
T
Thalhamer
J
J
Jensen-Jarolim
E
E
Hartl
A
A
D000818:Animals; D001491:Basophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D040761:Biomimetic Materials; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D031784:Phleum / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011058:Pollen; D051381:Rats; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy
D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C076049:Phl p V protein, Phleum pratense; D010940:Plant Proteins; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D007371:Interferon-gamma