title: Positive allosteric modulation of mGluR5 receptors facilitates extinction of a cocaine contextual memory.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The perseverance of the motivational salience of drug-associated memories is an obstacle to the successful treatment of drug addiction and is often a causative factor in triggering relapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was intended to determine whether potentiation of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR5), which are biochemically and structurally coupled to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, would facilitate the extinction of a cocaine-associated contextual memory as assessed by the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm in rats. Following the establishment of a cocaine CPP, rats were treated with the mGluR5 positive allosteric modulator 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide (CDPPB; 0.3, 3 and 30 mg/kg) before extinction test sessions. Additional groups of animals received 30 mg/kg CDPPB in combination with the mGluR5 antagonist 3-((2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl)pyridine (MTEP, 1 mg/kg) or the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 (.1 mg/kg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CDPPB dose-dependently facilitated the extinction of cocaine CPP, and these effects were not observed when animals were coadministered MTEP or MK-801. CDPPB failed to produce any evidence of neurotoxicity as assessed by FluoroJade C staining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Positive allosteric modulation of mGluR5 function facilitates the extinction of a cocaine-associated contextual memory, which may represent a novel approach toward enhancing extinction learning in the context of drug addiction.
authors.affiliation: Center for Drug and Alcohol Programs, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29425, USA.
authors.forename: Justin T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Gass
authors.forename: M Foster
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Olive
mesh_terms: D000495:Allosteric Site / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005108:Extinction, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C472365:3-((2-methyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)ethynyl)pyridine; C494553:3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide; D001549:Benzamides; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; C578937:Grm5 protein, rat; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D013844:Thiazoles; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D003042:Cocaine