title: Endometrial fluid is a specific and non-invasive biological sample for protein biomarker identification in endometriosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The development of non-invasive diagnostic methods for endometriosis requires sensitive and disease specific biomarkers. Here, we describe the use of aspirated endometrial fluid from women with and without endometriosis as a novel biological sample for biomarker discovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Differential protein expression profiling of aspirates from women with early endometriosis (n = 14), advanced endometriosis (n = 32) and without evidence of the disease (n = 32) was assessed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). A biomarker validation study was performed in an independent cohort (early endometriosis n = 6 and advanced endometriosis n = 14, controls n = 15).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analysis resulted in the identification of 31 proteins showing statistically significant differences in expression. The proteins identified are related to cell signalling, cell death and cell movement, processes that may be involved in the onset and/or progression of endometriosis. The differences in expression observed for 14-3-3 (signal transduction) and moesin (cytoskeletal structure) were confirmed in an independent group of endometriosis patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endometrial fluid represents a novel sample for proteomic analysis offering reliable, disease specific information on protein expression, facilitating the discovery of biomarkers for endometriosis. The results described here complement previous proteomic studies, providing new endometriosis-related proteins to be validated as diagnostic markers.
authors.affiliation: Proteomika, S.L. Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Edificio 801B, Derio, Vizcaya 48160, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ametzazurra
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matorras
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: García-Velasco
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Simón
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nagore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011506:Proteins