title: Biological evaluation of a novel chitosan-PVA-based local delivery system for treatment of periodontitis.
abstract: In the study, we intend to design a suitable localized drug delivery system (LDDS) with chitosan and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) for treating serve periodontitis. For that, a novel formulation based on the incorporation of chitosan-based microspheres into PVA film was prepared. As the core parts of the novel formulation, chitosan-based microspheres were prepared form chitosan and/or carboxymethyl-chitosan (CM-chitosan) by using water-in-oil emulsification method. Then basic in vitro and in vivo experiments focusing on biocompatibility and biodegradability of the two chitosan-based microspheres were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of the novel LDDS. In vitro tests, besides having no hemolysis, chitosan microsphere (Cs1-Ms), and CM-chitosan microsphere (Cs2-Ms) have adsorbed little proteins on their surfaces. Moreover, plasma proteins adsorbed on Cs2-Ms, most of which can easily desorbed, are much less than that adsorbed on Cs1-Ms. This indicates that Cs2-Ms perhaps has better biocompatibility than Cs1-Ms. In vivo tests, Cs1-Ms and Cs2-Ms were subcutaneously implanted in rat to investigate the host tissue inflammatory response. Implantations of Cs1-Ms and Cs2-Ms induced a little more severe inflammation when compared with the implantation of PVA film. However, the difference on in vivo biocompatibility between Cs1-Ms and Cs2-Ms could not be confirmed by the implantation model of our experiments. Both Cs1-Ms and Cs2-Ms had suffered bioerosion when they were subcutaneously implanted. The hard and compact matrixes of Cs1-Ms were degraded very slowly, and only some trifling degradation had been found until 4 weeks of implantation. In contrast, Cs2-Ms is soft and more hydrophilic, and can be quickly degraded in a form of diffluence by the physiological circumstance. All these results suggested that Cs2-Ms had better potentials used as core parts of the novel designed LDDS in the future developments.
authors.affiliation: Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Research Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology, Nanjing City, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ling Chong
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xi Guang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Li
authors.forename: Qiu Xia
authors.initials: QX
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Cheng Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Le Jun
authors.initials: le J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.forename: Qing Sheng
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D048271:Chitosan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000276:immunology; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008863:Microspheres; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy*; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility / Q000187:drug effects; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; D005340:Fibrinogen; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D048271:Chitosan