title: Short chain regioselectively hydrolyzed scleroglucans induce maturation of porcine dendritic cells.
abstract: Branched beta-1,3/1,6-glucans (scleroglucan) were produced by cultivation of Sclerotium rolfsii ATCC 15205. Regioselective hydrolysis at the beta-1,3-linkage of the cell-free and purified polysaccharide was performed in borosilicate glass bottles at pH 5, 121 degrees C, and 1 bar for 72 h. The mixture was divided into four molar mass fractions by stepwise cross-flow filtration using different cutoffs. In vitro studies revealed that scleroglucan hydrolysates with a low molar mass of less than 5 kDa significantly stimulated the activation and maturation of porcine monocyte derived dendritic cells (MoDC) by upregulation of CD40 and CD80/86 as well as by reduction of antigen uptake. MoDC treated with low molar mass scleroglucan showed a considerable increase in the amounts of secreted proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha and stimulated the proliferation of lymphocytes. Therefore, scleroglucan molecules of low molecular weight are able to induce activation and maturation of porcine DC, which are key initiators of inflammatory and adaptive immune responses, and could provide improved protection against infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bimczok
authors.forename: Julika
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wrenger
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schirrmann
authors.forename: Hermann-Josef
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Rothkötter
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wray
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005936:Glucans; C045938:scleroglucan