title: Oral lesions in Saudi renal transplant patients.
abstract: Renal transplantation has evolved as the best treatment option for patients with end-stage renal disease. Different oral problems arise in these patients, either as a direct consequence of drug-induced immunosuppression or pharmacokinetics. To determine the prevalence of intra-oral lesions in a group of medically stable Saudi renal transplant patients (RTP) and to identify possible risk factors, in comparison with age and sex-matched healthy control subjects (HCS), we studied 58 RTP and 52 HCS. All subjects had a thorough oral examination and oral lesions were diagnosed according to the clinically accepted criteria. Gingival overgrowth (GO), erythematous candidiasis (EC) and hairy leukoplakia (HL) were diagnosed in RTP with prevalence of 74.1%, 15.5%, and 8.6%, respectively. The severity of the gingival overgrowth significantly correlated with the use of cyclosporine and nifedipine combination therapy, serum cyclosporine, and serum creatinine level. In conclusions, the finding of our study strongly propose that RTP should undergo routine and regular comprehensive oral examination, and any suspicious lesion must be investigate and treated.
authors.affiliation: Oral Medicine Clinic, Riyadh Armed Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. mmohaya@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Maha Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Al-Mohaya
authors.forename: Azmi Mohammad-Ghaleb
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Darwazeh
authors.forename: Salih
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bin-Salih
authors.forename: Waleed
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Al-Khudair
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000209:etiology; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D019214:Gingival Overgrowth / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017733:Leukoplakia, Hairy / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D015995:Prevalence; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D016572:Cyclosporine