title: Are lower urinary tract symptoms influenced by metabolic syndrome?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the role of the metabolic syndrome (MS) in the genesis of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in both sexes. The MS and LUTS are highly prevalent disorders, both increasing with increasing age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants in a health-screening project underwent a detailed health examination, including all factors associated with the MS, and were assessed regarding LUTS. The MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation consensus definition of 2005, and LUTS were quantified using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2371 men (mean age 46.1 years) and 731 women (mean age 53.9 years) were analyzed. In the men, moderate-to-severe LUTS (IPSS >7) were present in 13.1%; in the women, the corresponding value was 23.5%. The proportion of the MS diagnosed during the health investigation was 33.8% in the men and 30.2% in the women. On multiple linear regression analysis, the MS was not associated with the IPSS, IPSS obstructive or irritative subscore, or LUTS. The proportion of LUTS and mean IPSS did not significantly differ regarding the presence or absence of the MS in either sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to our results, the MS did not turn out to be significantly and independently involved in the genesis of LUTS in men or women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Health, City of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Temml
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Obermayr
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marszalek
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rauchenwald
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madersbacher
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ponholzer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000209:etiology*