title: [Effect of free hemoglobin on hemorrhagic shock in pigs: TNF-alpha, IL-6 expressions in serum and rates of MODS after the blood transfusion].
abstract: This study was aimed to investigate the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum and the incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in pigs with hemorrhagic shock after the blood transfusion simultaneously combined with different doses of free hemoglobin (FHb) so as to provide guidance of banked blood with high concentration of FHb during war injury through understanding effect of FHb on the animals. The different doses of FHb were given intravenously during the recovery of pig from shock, the vital signs and functional changes of vital organs were monitored and the incidence of MODS was determined, as well as the serum specimens were collected and the TNF-alpha, IL-6 levels in serum were detected by ELISA. The results showed that there were statistical differences of serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in pigs after FHb 10 mg/kg infusion, as compared to shock control group. There was significantly difference of the serum levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6 after FHb 15 mg/kg infusion, compared to the control group. The incidence of MODS increased significantly. It is concluded that the blood infusion containing high dose (more than 10 mg/kg) of FHb influences significantly on the cytokines in pigs with hemorrhagic shock, and increases damage of cytokines to vital organs and the incidence of MODS. The tolerance dose of the pigs to free hemoglobin is about 10 mg/kg or so. The infusion of blood with less than 10 mg/kg is relatively safe for pig in hemorrhagic shock.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Guo-En
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Bao-Hua
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Xu-Chao
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology*; D044967:Serum / Q000378:metabolism; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000097:blood*; D013552:Swine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha