title: Foraminiferal isotope evidence of reduced nitrogen fixation in the ice age Atlantic Ocean.
abstract: Fixed nitrogen (N) is a limiting nutrient for algae in the low-latitude ocean, and its oceanic inventory may have been higher during ice ages, thus helping to lower atmospheric CO2 during those intervals. In organic matter within planktonic foraminifera shells in Caribbean Sea sediments, we found that the 15N/14N ratio from the last ice age is higher than that from the current interglacial, indicating a higher nitrate 15N/14N ratio in the Caribbean thermocline. This change and other species-specific differences are best explained by less N fixation in the Atlantic during the last ice age. The fixation decrease was most likely a response to a known ice age reduction in ocean N loss, and it would have worked to balance the ocean N budget and to curb ice age-interglacial change in the N inventory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geosciences, Guyot Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA. hren@princeton.edu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sigman
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Meckler
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Plessen
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Haug
mesh_terms: D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D009586:Nitrogen Fixation; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis; D010933:Plankton / Q000737:chemistry*; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D013995:Time
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D009584:Nitrogen