title: Lrp4 modulates extracellular integration of cell signaling pathways in development.
abstract: The extent to which cell signaling is integrated outside the cell is not currently appreciated. We show that a member of the low-density receptor-related protein family, Lrp4 modulates and integrates Bmp and canonical Wnt signalling during tooth morphogenesis by binding the secreted Bmp antagonist protein Wise. Mouse mutants of Lrp4 and Wise exhibit identical tooth phenotypes that include supernumerary incisors and molars, and fused molars. We propose that the Lrp4/Wise interaction acts as an extracellular integrator of epithelial-mesenchymal cell signaling. Wise, secreted from mesenchyme cells binds to BMP's and also to Lrp4 that is expressed on epithelial cells. This binding then results in the modulation of Wnt activity in the epithelial cells. Thus in this context Wise acts as an extracellular signaling molecule linking two signaling pathways. We further show that a downstream mediator of this integration is the Shh signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Craniofacial Development, Dental Institute, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohazama
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Masato S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Hong Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hong J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Thantrira
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Porntaveetus
authors.forename: Shelly
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oommen
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.forename: Amel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gritli-Linde
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herz
authors.forename: Paul T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Sharpe
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014070:Tooth / Q000196:embryology*; D014096:Tooth, Supernumerary / Q000196:embryology; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins; C116415:Lrp4 protein, mouse; D011973:Receptors, LDL; C483887:Sostdc1 protein, mouse; D051153:Wnt Proteins