title: Comparative Analysis of Cervical Lateral Mass Screw Insertion among Three Techniques in the Korean Population by Quantitative Measurements with Reformatted 2D CT Scan Images: Clinical Research.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our purpose of this study is to compare insertion angles and screw lengths from Roy-Camille, Magerl, and our designed method for cervical lateral mass screw fixation in the Korean population by quantitative measurement of reformatted two dimensional (2D) computed tomography (CT) images.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected thirty Korean patients who were evaluated with thin section CT scans and reconstruction program to obtain reformatted 2D-CT images of the transversal plane passing the cranio-caudal angle using three different techniques. We measured the minimum angle to avoid vertebral artery (VA) injury, the ideal angle and depth for bicortical screwing of cervical lateral mass. Morphometric measurements of the lateral masses from C3-C7 were also taken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all three techniques, the mean safety angles from the VA were less than 8 degrees and the necessary depth of the screw was about 14 mm for safety to the VA and for the bicortical purchase. In our designed technique, the mean beta angles of each level from C3 to C7 were 29.0, 29.8, 29.5, 26.3, and 23.9 degrees, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this study and data from the literature indicate that differences may exist between the Korean and Western people in the length and angle for ideal lateral mass screw fixation. In addition, our technique needs further cadaveric and clinical study for safety and efficacy for being performed as alternative method for cervical lateral mass fixation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Daegu Catholic University, School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Ik
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Dae-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim