title: A Rho-kinase inhibitor improves cardiac function after 24-hour heart preservation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Rho-kinase signaling pathway is associated with coronary vasculopathy and myocardial dysfunction after cardiac transplantation. This study evaluated whether using a Rho-kinase inhibitor during allograft storage could limit early endothelial dysfunction and improve myocardial performance after reperfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  This experiment was performed with an isolated working rabbit heart model and a support rabbit. Donor hearts (control group, n = 8) were arrested with an extracellular type of cardioplegia, preserved with University of Wisconsin solution, and then immersed in University of Wisconsin solution for 24 hours (1 degrees C). The Rho-kinase inhibitor (Rho-kinase inhibitor group, n = 8) was administrated in the cardioplegic solution, the preservation University of Wisconsin solution, and the storage University of Wisconsin solution. Left ventricular performance was evaluated from the modified Frank-Starling curve in the working mode. Coronary blood flow and donor heart rate were measured in Langendorff mode. Effective evaluation of the Rho-kinase inhibitor was inferred from phosphorylated myosin light chain. The expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA was analyzed to assess endothelial function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Frank-Starling curve showed a significant left and upward shift in the Rho-kinase inhibitor group compared with the control group (P < .05). The coronary blood flow and heart rate in the Rho-kinase inhibitor group at 120 minutes was significantly higher than in the control group (P < .05). Phosphorylated myosin light chain was significantly suppressed in the Rho-kinase inhibitor group (P < .05). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA levels in the Rho-kinase inhibitor group increased 4-fold relative to those seen in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with Rho-kinase inhibitor during allograft harvest and storage enhanced coronary blood flow and ventricular recovery through nitric oxide-dependent endothelial protection after reperfusion. Rho-kinase inhibitor could help prevent early myocardial dysfunction after transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanoue
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tominaga
mesh_terms: D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009926:Organ Preservation; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; C049347:fasudil