title: Pupil sizes in different Japanese age groups and the implications for intraocular lens choice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe pupil sizes with near and distance vision under different lighting conditions in different Japanese age groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using an open view-type infrared video pupillometer, the horizontal and vertical pupil sizes were measured prospectively with subjects gazing at 30 cm or 3 m targets under photopic (illumination 500 lux) and mesopic (illumination 5 lux) conditions. The results were analyzed by age, and the benefits with various multifocal IOLs were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study comprised 140 eyes (70 subjects; 14 to 94 years). The mean +/- standard deviations of photopic vertical pupil sizes when gazing far/near decreased from 3.77 +/- 0.23/3.50 +/- 0.33 mm (<20 years) to 2.20 +/- 0.30/1.95 +/- 0.20 mm (over 80 years), with pupil sizes stabilizing after 60 years. The mesopic vertical pupil sizes when gazing far/near decreased from 6.35 +/- 0.11/6.27 +/- 0.14 mm (<20 years) to 3.42 +/- 0.30/3.21 +/- 0.28 mm (over 80 years). The pupil sizes decreased with age until 60 years and stabilized (1-way analysis of variance, P<.05). Fewer than 50% of subjects over 60 years of age had pupil sizes conducive to the near zone of refractive multifocal intraocular lenses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Photopic and scotopic pupil sizes decreased with age up to 60 years. The pupil was smaller when gazing at a near target than previously reported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. bissen@tdc.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bissen-Miyajima
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oki
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Onuma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011680:Pupil / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult