title: In vivo commitment and functional tissue regeneration using human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal cells.
abstract: Development of clinically relevant regenerative medicine therapies using human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) requires production of a simple and readily expandable cell population that can be directed to form functional 3D tissue in an in vivo environment. We describe an efficient derivation method and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from hESCs (hESCd-MSCs) that have multilineage differentiation potential and are capable of producing fat, cartilage, and bone in vitro. Furthermore, we highlight their in vivo survival and commitment to the chondrogenic lineage in a microenvironment comprising chondrocyte-secreted morphogenetic factors and hydrogels. Normal cartilage architecture was established in rat osteochondral defects after treatment with chondrogenically-committed hESCd-MSCs. In view of the limited available cell sources for tissue engineering applications, these embryonic-derived cells show significant potential in musculoskeletal tissue regeneration applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Nathaniel S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Shyni
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: H Janice
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Zijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Jongwoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Linzhao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Elisseeff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000293:injuries*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002470:Cell Survival; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D051381:Rats; D012038:Regeneration