title: Endurance training induces depot-specific changes in IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio in rat adipose tissue.
abstract: White adipose tissue (WAT) is the source of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and recently, it has been recognized as an important source of interleukin 10 (IL-10). Acute physical exercise is known to induce an anti-inflammatory cytokine profile, however, the effect of chronic physical exercise on the production of IL-10 by WAT has never been examined. We assessed IL-10 and TNF-alpha concentration in WAT of rats engaged in endurance training. Animals were randomly assigned to either a sedentary control group (S, n=7) or an endurance trained group (T, n=8). Trained rats ran on a treadmill 5 days/wk for 8 wk (55-65% VO(2max)). Detection of IL-10 and TNF-alpha protein and mRNA expression, as well as the gene expression of PPAR-gamma, and immunocytochemistry to detect mononuclear phagocytes were carried out. A reduction in absolute retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RPAT) weight in T (44%; p<0.01), when compared with S was observed. IL-10 concentration was increased (1.5-fold, p<0.05), to a higher extent than that of TNF-alpha (66%, p<0.05) in the mesenteric adipose tissue (MEAT) of the trained group, while no change related to training was observed in RPAT. In MEAT, IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio was increased in T, when compared with S (30%; p<0.05). PPAR-gamma gene expression was increased in T (1.1-fold; p<0.01), when compared with S in the same adipose depot. No monocyte infiltration was found. In conclusion, exercise training induced increased IL-10 expression in the mesenteric depot, resulting in a modified IL-10/TNF-alpha ratio. We also conclude that WAT presents a depot-specific response to endurance training regarding the studied aspects.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology of the Cell Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP 05508-900 Butanta, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Lira
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seelaender
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase