title: Secreted frizzled related protein 2 protects cells from apoptosis by blocking the effect of canonical Wnt3a.
abstract: We have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing the survival gene Akt can confer paracrine protection to ischemic myocytes both in vivo and in vitro through the release of secreted frizzled related protein 2 (Sfrp2). However, the mechanisms mediating these effects of Sfrp2 have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we studied rat cardiomyoblasts subjected to hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) injury to test the hypothesis that Sfrp2 exerts anti-apoptotic effect by antagonizing pro-apoptotic properties of specific Wnt ligands. We examined the effect of Wnt3a and Sfrp2 on HR-induced apoptosis. Wnt3a significantly increased cellular caspase activities and TUNEL staining in response to HR. Sfrp2 attenuated significantly Wnt3a-induced caspase activities in a concentration dependent fashion. Using a solid phase binding assay, our data demonstrates that Sfrp2 physically binds to Wnt3a. In addition, we observed that Sfrp2 dramatically inhibits the beta-catenin/TCF transcriptional activities induced by Wnt3a. Impressively, Dickkopf-1, a protein that binds to the Wnt coreceptor LRP, significantly inhibited the Wnt3a-activated caspase and transcriptional activities. Similarly, siRNA against beta-catenin markedly inhibited the Wnt3a-activated caspase activities. Consistent with this, significantly fewer TUNEL positive cells were observed in siRNA transfected cells than in control cells. Together, our data provide strong evidence to support the notion that Wnt3a is a canonical Wnt with pro-apoptotic action whose cellular activity is prevented by Sfrp2 through, at least in part, the direct binding of these molecules. These results can explain the in vivo protective effect of Sfrp2 and highlight its therapeutic potential for the ischemic heart.
authors.affiliation: Edna and Fred L. Mandel, Jr. Center for Hypertension and Atherosclerosis Research, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Zhongyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Arjun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deb
authors.forename: Zhiping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pachori
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: Victor J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Dzau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D020169:Caspases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002460:Cell Line; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005260:Female; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling / Q000379:methods; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D032386:Myoblasts, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism; D000094742:Secreted Frizzled-Related Proteins
chemical_list: D020169:Caspases; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; D051176:beta Catenin; C503650:Sfrp2 protein, rat; D000094742:Secreted Frizzled-Related Proteins