title: Application of multivariate statistical techniques for differentiation of ripe banana flour based on the composition of elements.
abstract: Major (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium) and minor elements (iron, copper, zinc, manganese) and one heavy metal (lead) of Cavendish banana flour and Dream banana flour were determined, and data were analyzed using multivariate statistical techniques of factor analysis and discriminant analysis. Factor analysis yielded four factors explaining more than 81% of the total variance: the first factor explained 28.73%, comprising magnesium, sodium, and iron; the second factor explained 21.47%, comprising only manganese and copper; the third factor explained 15.66%, comprising zinc and lead; while the fourth factor explained 15.50%, comprising potassium. Discriminant analysis showed that magnesium and sodium exhibited a strong contribution in discriminating the two types of banana flour, affording 100% correct assignation. This study presents the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques for analysis and interpretation of complex mineral content data from banana flour of different varieties.
authors.affiliation: School of Industrial Technology, Environmental Technology Division, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Abbas F M
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Alkarkhi
authors.forename: Saifullah Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Ramli
authors.forename: Azhar Mat
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Easa
mesh_terms: D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000032:analysis; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000032:analysis; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis; D008345:Manganese / Q000032:analysis; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry*; D017419:Potassium, Dietary / Q000032:analysis; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000032:analysis; D013045:Species Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D008903:Minerals; D017419:Potassium, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D007854:Lead; D008345:Manganese; D003300:Copper; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc