title: Ectomycorrhizal fungal community in alkaline-saline soil in northeastern China.
abstract: Alkaline-saline soil is widespread in arid and semiarid regions of the world and causes severe environmental and agricultural problems. To advance our understanding of the adaptation of ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) to alkaline-saline soil, we investigated EMF communities on Mongolian willow (Salix linearistipularis) growing in alkaline-saline soil (up to pH 9.2) in northeastern China. In total, 75 root samples were collected from 25 willow individuals over 4.7 ha. To identify fungal species in ectomycorrhizal root tips, we used terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA. We detected 11 EMF species, including species of Inocybe, Hebeloma, and Tomentella of the Basidiomycota and three Ascomycota species. The EMF richness of the study site was estimated to be 15-17 using major estimators. The most abundant species was Geopora sp. 1, while no Geopora-dominated EMF communities have been reported so far. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the phylogroup including Geopora sp. 1 has been found mostly in alkaline soil habitats, indicating its adaptation to high soil pH. Because EMF are indispensable for host plant growth, the EMF species detected in this study may be useful for restoration of alkaline-saline areas.
authors.affiliation: Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan. ishida@anesc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.|Umeå Plant Science Centre, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umeå, Sweden. ishida@anesc.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
authors.forename: Takahide A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.affiliation: Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nara
authors.affiliation: Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shurong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.affiliation: Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 188-0002, Japan.|Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shenkui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002681:China; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010802:Phylogeny; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000382:microbiology; D032108:Salix / Q000382:microbiology*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012987:Soil