title: Comparative effects of a high-amylose starch and a fructooligosaccharide on fecal bifidobacteria numbers and short-chain fatty acids in pigs fed Bifidobacterium animalis.
abstract: Pigs were fed a freeze-dried probiotic (Bifidobacterium animalis CSCC 1941) plus a high-amylose maize starch (HAMS) and a fructooligosaccharide (FOS) separately or together. Fecal output and total and individual major short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations and excretion were higher and pH was lower with HAMS than with FOS relative to when they were fed a low-amylose maize starch (LAMS; control). Fecal bifidobacteria numbers and total excretion were equally higher during feeding of FOS or HAMS and highest with HAMS + FOS. When probiotic supplementation was stopped, bifidobacteria numbers declined rapidly when they were fed LAMS, more slowly with FOS or HAMS, and were maintained with HAMS + FOS. The data confirm that both HAMS and FOS are prebiotics and suggest that they act through different mechanisms and that they are most effective in combination. However only HAMS raises fecal SCFA.
authors.affiliation: Co-operative Research Centre for Food Industry Innovation, CSIRO Human Nutrition, Kintore Avenue, P.O. Box 10041, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
authors.forename: Anthony R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vuaran
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crittenden
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Playne
authors.forename: Ian L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Topping
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism; D000688:Amylose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D002087:Butyrates / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011422:Propionates / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D002087:Butyrates; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D011422:Propionates; C116580:fructooligosaccharide; D000688:Amylose