title: Plum juice, but not dried plum powder, is effective in mitigating cognitive deficits in aged rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Normal aging in animals and humans is accompanied by a decline in cognitive performance that is thought to be due to the long-term effects of oxidative stress and inflammation on neurologic processes. Previous findings have suggested that protection against age-related cognitive declines may be achieved by increasing the dietary intake of fruits and vegetables, especially those that are high in antioxidant activity, such as blueberries and strawberries. The objective of this study was to investigate supplementation with Prunus domestica L. in mitigating age-related deficits in cognitive function.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the effects of supplementation with P. domestica L., consumed as a 2% dried plum (i.e., prune) powder or 100% plum juice for 8 wk, in mitigating age-related deficits in cognitive function in aged Fischer 344 rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rats that drank plum juice from 19 to 21 mo of age had improved working memory in the Morris water maze, whereas rats fed dried plum powder were not different from the control group, possibly due to the smaller quantity of phenolics consumed in the powder group compared with the juice group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results are discussed in relation to the amount and type of phenolics present in the plum products and in relation to other dietary intervention studies in which cognitive benefits have been reported.
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. barbara.shukitthale@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shukitt-Hale
authors.forename: Wilhelmina
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kalt
authors.forename: Amanda N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vinqvist-Tymchuk
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Joseph
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D001628:Beverages; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011208:Powders; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011208:Powders