title: Depressive symptoms are associated with soluble P-selectin reactivity to acute exercise in heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine the effects of depressive symptom severity on the circulating soluble adhesion molecule response to an acute exercise challenge in patients with heart failure (HF) compared with control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight male HF patients and 19 male control subjects (mean age +/- SEM: 55.5 +/- 1.9) completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) before undergoing a moderate 20-minute bicycle exercise at approximately 65% to 70% VO(2peak). Plasma levels of the soluble adhesion molecules P-selectin (sP-selectin) (sCD62P) and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) were determined immediately before and after and 10 minutes after exercise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher BDI scores moderated greater increases in sP-selectin levels in response to exercise over time in HF patients as compared with control subjects [F(1.8/84.5) = 3.25, p = .05]. Post hoc testing revealed that in HF patients, but not in control subjects, higher BDI scores were significantly associated with greater increases in sP-selectin levels over time in response to exercise [BDI by exercise interaction: F(1.6/49.6) = 5.67, p = .010]. Also, in HF patients, but not in control subjects, higher BDI scores were associated with higher sP-selectin levels at pre-exercise and postexercise time points [main effect BDI: F(1/31) = 4.86, p = .035].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that in male HF patients with increasing depressive symptom severity, levels of the adhesion molecule sP-selectin are higher before and after exercise and have greater increases in response to exercise. This could have implications for acute coronary syndromes associated with exercise and thereby may impact mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Psychological Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Petra H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Wirtz
authors.forename: Suzi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Redwine
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tafur
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rutledge
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Mills
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000075982:Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C403514:CADM1 protein, human; D000075982:Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019007:P-Selectin; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins