title: Complications of soft tissue augmentation.
abstract: The wide variety of dermal fillers presently available has revolutionized treatment options for patients seeking a refreshed appearance. Soft tissue fillers include both bovine and human collagens, the hyaluronans, calcium hydroxyapatite, poly-L-lactic acid, and synthetic polymers. However, soft tissue augmentation is never risk-free, and as these procedures have increased in prevalence, complications have been more frequently reported. This article describes a range of complications resulting from dermal filler injections, reviews key case studies, and discusses possible treatment options for adverse effects. While biodegradable fillers offer the least risk for the patient, location, allergic reactions, granulomas, necrosis, and infection are all serious complications that must be considered before performing soft tissue augmentation with any approved dermal filler.
authors.affiliation: Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology, Boston, MA, USA. ranella@skincaredoctors.com
authors.forename: Ranella J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: Meghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005145:Face; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015595:Skin Aging
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite