title: Breast-cancer-related lymphedema: information, symptoms, and risk-reduction behaviors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effect of providing lymphedema information on breast cancer survivors' symptoms and practice of risk-reduction behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional design was used to obtain data from 136 breast-cancer survivors in New York City from August 2006 to May 2007. Descriptive statistics, t tests, chi-square tests, and correlations were calculated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected using a demographic and medical information interview tool, two questions regarding status of receiving lymphedema information, the Lymphedema and Breast Cancer Questionnaire, and Lymphedema Risk-Reduction Behavior Checklist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-seven percent of the participants reported that they received lymphedema information. On average, participants had three lymphedema-related symptoms. Only 18% of participants were free of symptoms. Participants who received information reported significantly fewer symptoms (t=3.03; p<0.00) and practicing more risk-reduction behaviors (t=2.42; p=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Providing lymphedema information has an effect on symptom reduction and more risk-reduction behaviors being practiced among breast cancer survivors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In clinical practice, nurses and other healthcare professionals could consider taking the initiative to provide adequate and accurate information and engage breast-cancer survivors in supportive dialogues concerning lymphedema risk-reduction.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, New York University, NY 10003-6677, USA. mf67@nyu.edu
authors.forename: Mei R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Axelrod
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008209:Lymphedema / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires