title: Bioactivity-guided fractionation and GC/MS fingerprinting of Angelica sinensis and Angelica archangelica root components for antifungal and mosquito deterrent activity.
abstract: Bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform extract from the roots of Angelica sinensis led to isolation and characterization of (Z)-ligustilide using direct-bioautography with Colletotrichum species. The structure of (Z)-ligustilide was confirmed by (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and GC/MS. (Z)-Ligustilide deterred the biting of two mosquito species more effectively than DEET. Three different A. sinensis accessions and one Angelica archangelica root oil were evauated by GC and GC/MS, and the dominant component in A. sinensis was 61-69% (Z)-ligustilide. Two other prominent compounds in A. sinensis oils were 5.7-9.8% (E)-3-butylidene phthalide and 1.5-2.3% (Z)-3-butylidene phthalide. The main constituents that comprised A. archangelica oil were monoterpene hydrocarbons such as 24.5% alpha-pinene, 13.8% delta-3-carene, 10.1% beta-phellandrene, 8.8% p-cymene, 8.4% limonene, and 6.3% sabinene. Phthalides and monoterpene hydrocarbons were determined to be good systematic markers or chemical fingerprints for A. sinensis and A. archangelica root oils. Chemical fingerprinting by GC/MS of A. sinensis also confirmed the misidentification of one A. archangelica sample sold in the Chinese market.
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS-NPURU, University of Mississippi, University, 38677, USA. dwedge@olemiss.edu
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Wedge
authors.forename: Jerome A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Klun
authors.forename: Nurhayat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tabanca
authors.forename: Betul
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demirci
authors.forename: Temel
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozek
authors.forename: Kemal Husnu Can
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Baser
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cantrell
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D029969:Angelica / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000187:drug effects; D009033:Culicidae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007302:Insect Repellents; C027820:ligustilide; D015107:4-Butyrolactone