title: The effects of lipophilic substances on the shape of erythrocytes demonstrated by a new in vitro-method.
abstract: Low aqueous solubility of lipophilic agents, such as free fatty acids, hampers proper in vitro demonstration of biological effects, yielding an ambiguous in vitro-in vivo correlation. We have therefore developed a method for evaluating the acute effects of lipophilic substances on the shape of erythrocytes and estimated EC(50) and Hill coefficient according to the sigmoidal E(max) model. The test substance dissolved in medium-chain triglyceride is coated on a polycarbonate slide which serves as a cover sheet of a Bürker chamber. Freshly collected finger-tip blood is diluted with autologous EDTA-plasma and introduced into the chamber. After 10min at 37 degrees C, the cells are photographed under microscope and the fractions of normal and defect cells are evaluated. No staining is needed and the cells are kept viable during the test period. With increasing chain length, fatty acids, aliphatic amines and alcohols all increased the fraction of defect erythrocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. The results indicate that several fatty acids are very potent in their acute actions on erythrocytes, and that this effect is due to chain length rather than conformation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The technique offers a screening method for testing the harmful effects of small amounts of lipophilic substances on erythrocytes.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Pharmacy, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Food Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Söderberg
authors.forename: Linnea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Haag
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Höglund
authors.forename: Bodil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: Pål
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stenberg
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wahlgren
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000588:Amines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048430:Cell Shape; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000588:Amines; D005227:Fatty Acids