title: Regional analysis of age-related decline in dopamine transporters and dopamine D2-like receptors in human striatum.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mechanisms of age-related decline of dopamine transporter (DAT) and dopamine D(2)-like receptor (D2R) densities in the human striatum by focusing on regional difference.
  
  
  METHODS
  Positron emission tomography (PET) with [(11)C]CFT and [(11)C]raclopride for measuring DATs and D2Rs, respectively, was performed on 16 healthy volunteers ranging from 21 to 74 years in age. To evaluate in detail the regional difference within the striatum, in addition to the conventional region-of-interest-based analysis, we created a parametric image that enabled us to visualize the regional decline rate on a voxel-by-voxel basis, mapping the slope of the regression line between the age and uptake index of each tracer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The decreasing rates corresponded to 6.1, 5.5, and 5.6% per decade for DATs and 5.8, 4.9, and 4.8% per decade for D(2)Rs in the caudate nucleus, anterior putamen, and posterior putamen, respectively. The caudate nucleus for both DATs and D(2)Rs were the fastest among the striatum, and the regional difference of the decreasing rate for DATs was consistently associated with that for D2Rs. Meanwhile, previous histological studies have shown that age-related cell loss in the substantia nigra is likely to preferentially affect its dorsomedial part, which projects to the caudate nucleus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that neuronal cell loss in the substantia nigra may be associated with the age-related DAT decline, and DAT decline may be associated functionally with age-related D2R decline.
authors.affiliation: Positron Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0022, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizusawa
authors.forename: Kiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D020891:Raclopride / Q000378:metabolism; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D020891:Raclopride; C021279:(1R-(exo,exo))-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-methyl-8- azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane-2-carboxylic acid, methyl ester; D003042:Cocaine