title: Long-term relapses after 12-month treatment for Mycobacterium kansasii lung disease.
abstract: Long-lasting therapy for Mycobacterium kansasii lung disease with rifampin-containing multidrug regimens is needed to avoid relapses. The aim of the present study is to evaluate a short multidrug treatment regimen for M. kansasii lung disease. A retrospective observational study of 75 patients with M. kansasii lung disease was conducted in a teaching hospital from January 1990 to December 2005. In total, 75 (67.6%) out of 111 patients diagnosed with M. kansasii lung disease completed a 12-month multidrug treatment regimen, including rifampin, isoniazid and ethambutol, supplemented with streptomycin during the first 2-3 months. After a 41.5-month median follow-up, five (6.6%) patients relapsed. The relapse rate was 2.19 (95% confidence interval 0.71-5.12) per 100 person.yrs. Treatment compliance was considered to be appropriate in all five patients and no drug resistance developed in any case. In conclusion, a 12-month fixed-course treatment is effective in most cases of Mycobacterium kansasii lung disease, but may not be long enough for all patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, C/ Feixa Llarga s/n 08907, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain. msantin@bellvitgehospital.cat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dorca
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alcaide
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Guerra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019909:Mycobacterium kansasii; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004977:Ethambutol; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin; D013307:Streptomycin