title: [Usefulness of the holmium:yag laser in the endoscopic section of ureteral stenosis].
abstract: The incidence of ureteral stenosis is frequent in our environment. Lately, due to the massive use of endourological techniques its incidence has increased. Etiology represents a decisive factor for the final result of treatment, but there are also common characteristics to all stenosis that influence very importantly the final success: time of evolution, length of the stenosis, side and function of the affected renal unit. Over the last years, the use of endourological techniques for the treatment of upper urinary tract stenosis, that substitute the traditional open technique, have increased. Holmium:YAG laser endoureterotomy presents advantages in comparison with other endourological techniques, because it enables a precise incision with direct vision of the ureteral stenosis. Moreover, with laser fibers ureteroscopes achieve a degree of flexibility/deflection that enables us to reach in most cases the stenotic area. At the time of incision of the ureteral wall, it should be complete, acting on all ureteral layers down to the periureteral fat, always having in mind the anatomic relationships of the ureter with neighbour structures, mainly vascular, to avoid injuries. Its effectiveness and easy management permits a high success rate, with resolution of the stenosis and a very low complication rate. After all the anterior, holmium laser retrograde endoureterotomy should be included as a first line treatment for benign ureteral stenosis.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología del Hospital de La Princesa, Madrid, España. pgabad@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garrido Abad
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fernández González
authors.forename: Almudena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coloma del Peso
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández Arjona
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bocardo Fajardo
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiménez Glaves
authors.forename: Luis Miguel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Herranz Fernández
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serrano Pascual
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Herrero Torres
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pereira Sanz
mesh_terms: D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000601:surgery*