title: Switch to oral hypoglycemic agent therapy from insulin injection in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to determine the feasibility of substituting thiazolidinedione-based therapy for insulin injection therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six subjects (17 men and 19 women) aged 67.8 +/- 11.3 years with an average insulin dose of 0.46 +/- 0.17 U/kg bodyweight, a duration of insulin therapy of 6.1 +/- 8.2 years and an average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) of 6.8 +/- 1.3% were switched from insulin injection therapy to pioglitazone, glimepiride and voglibose combination therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of subjects achieving HbA1c levels of less than 7% at 4 months was 30. The success rate of switch therapy was 83% (30/36). HbA1c was significantly reduced from 6.7 +/- 1.3% to 5.9 +/- 0.7% at 4 months after the switch (P < 0.01) in 32 patients who completed the planned 4-month study. No adverse effects including heart failure, liver dysfunction or severe hypoglycemia were observed. The insulin dose and the maximum blood glucose on the switch day were significantly lower and the age was significantly higher in the subjects who achieved HbA1c less than 7% at 4 months compared to those who did not (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thiazolidinedione-based oral combination therapy may efficiently and safely substitute relatively high-dose insulin injection therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Okhotsk-kai Hospital, Kitami, Hokkaido. itoshino@spice.ocn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lisanti
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akishita
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007294:Inositol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007294:Inositol; D007328:Insulin; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; C057619:glimepiride; C102817:voglibose