title: Efficacy of the I(f) current inhibitor ivabradine in patients with chronic stable angina receiving beta-blocker therapy: a 4-month, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the anti-anginal and anti-ischaemic efficacy of the selective I(f) current inhibitor ivabradine in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris receiving beta-blocker therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this double-blinded trial, 889 patients with stable angina receiving atenolol 50 mg/day were randomized to receive ivabradine 5 mg b.i.d. for 2 months, increased to 7.5 mg b.i.d. for a further 2 months, or placebo. Patients underwent treadmill exercise tests at the trough of drug activity using the standard Bruce protocol for randomization and at 2 and 4 months. Total exercise duration at 4 months increased by 24.3 +/- 65.3 s in the ivabradine group, compared with 7.7 +/- 63.8 s with placebo (P < 0.001). Ivabradine was superior to placebo for all exercise test criteria at 4 months (P < 0.001 for all) and 2 months (P-values between <0.001 and 0.018). Ivabradine in combination with atenolol was well tolerated. Only 1.1% of patients withdrew owing to sinus bradycardia in the ivabradine group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of ivabradine 7.5 mg b.i.d. and atenolol at the commonly used dosage in clinical practice in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris produced additional efficacy with no untoward effect on safety or tolerability.
authors.affiliation: Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. jean-claude.tardif@icm-mhi.org
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tardif
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ponikowski
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kahan
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001262:Atenolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D000077550:Ivabradine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012849:Sinoatrial Node / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D001552:Benzazepines; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D007473:Ion Channels; D000077550:Ivabradine; D001262:Atenolol