title: The role of IGF-1R in pediatric malignancies.
abstract: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family consists of ligands (IGF-I, IGF-II, insulin), several receptors (including IGF-1R), and six binding proteins (IGFBP-1 through IGFBP-6). Members of this family regulate key cellular activities and they also play an important role in the development and progression of both adult and childhood cancers. Binding of a ligand to the receptor leads to its activation, followed by signal transduction along several pathways. In some childhood malignancies, IGF-1R can be activated by endocrine, autocrine, or paracrine mechanisms. Although mutations in IGF-1R have not been identified, this signaling pathway is upregulated in many childhood cancers. These findings have led to the development of a host of IGF-1R signaling modulators that are currently being tested in clinical trials. This review explores the role of IGF-1R in a range of childhood malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. kimsuyou@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Su Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Toretsky
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scher
authors.forename: Lee J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Helman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1