The role of insulin-like growth factor-I and its binding proteins in glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes.
This review addresses the possible role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-axis in normal glucose homoeostasis and in the etiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. IGF-I, a peptide hormone, shares amino acid sequence homology with insulin and has insulin-like activity; most notably, the promotion of glucose uptake by peripheral tissues. Type 2 diabetes as well as pre-diabetic states, including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, are associated cross-sectionally with altered circulating levels of IGF-I and its binding proteins (IGFBPs). Administration of recombinant human IGF-I has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals as well as in patients with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Further, IGF-I may have beneficial effects on systemic inflammation, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, and on pancreatic beta-cell mass and function. There is considerable inter-individual heterogeneity in endogenous levels of IGF-I and its binding proteins; however, the relationship between these variations and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes has not been extensively investigated. Large prospective studies are required to evaluate this association.
Rajpathak
Swapnil N
SN
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY 10461, USA.
Gunter
Marc J
MJ
Wylie-Rosett
Judith
J
Ho
Gloria Y F
GY
Kaplan
Robert C
RC
Muzumdar
Radhika
R
Rohan
Thomas E
TE
Strickler
Howard D
HD
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000502:physiology
D001786:Blood Glucose; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D008055:Lipids; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I