title: Cobalt chromium stent with antiproliferative for restenosis trial in India (COSTAR I).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The CoStar stent is a novel cobalt chromium stent designed specifically for drug delivery. The COSTAR I trial represents the first-in-man study of the CoStar Paclitaxel-Eluting Coronary Stent System evaluating three dose release formulations of paclitaxel in a bioresorbable polymer matrix in the treatment of de novo coronary lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The COSTAR I Trial was a prospective, multi-center registry enrolling 87 patients in four Indian centers for treatment of up to two de novo lesions = 25 mm in length in a reference vessel 2.5-3.5 mm in diameter. Three dose release formulations were studied: 30 microg eluted over 10 days bidirectionally (Group 1, n =10), 10 microg eluted over 30 days abluminally (Group 2, n=40) and 3 microg eluted over 30 days abluminally (Group 3, n = 37).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographics and lesion characteristics were similar between the groups and treatment in all three groups included small caliber vessels (RVD 2.45 +/- 0.30 - 2.57 +/- 0.36 mm). The primary endpoint of in-stent late loss at four months was lowest in Group 2 (0.43 +/- 0.43 mm) compared to Group 1 and Group 3 (0.51 +/- 7 mn; 0.74 mm and 1.07 +/- 0.65 mm respectively). In-segment late loss followed similar trends, being lowest in Group 2 (0.24 +/- 0.39 mm) compared to Groups 1 and 3 (0.52 +/- 0.66 mm and 0.76 +/- 0.57 mm respectively). Group 2 demonstrated better angiographic out-comes at 12 months with in-stent late loss of 0.55 +/- 0.38 mm when compared to Groups 1 and 3 (0.90 +/- 0.76 mm and 0.74 +/- 0.55 mm respectively). Cumulative binary restenosis rates at twelve months were 1.9%, 35.7% and 39.1% in Groups 2, 1 and 3 respectively. Clinical outcomes trended similarly with cumulative MACE rates at twelve months being lowest at 7.5% in Group 2 as compared to 20% in Group 1 and 21.6% in Group 3 respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this first-in-man feasibility trial, angiographic and clinical results seen with the extended release formulation at a higher dose (10 microg/30 days) demonstrate the feasibility of the CoStar stent platform in the treatment of native coronary lesions. It also demonstrates the importance of drug dose and release kinetics.
authors.affiliation: Fortis Flt Lt Rajan Dhall Hospital, New Delhi, India. upendra.kaul@fortishealthcare.com
authors.forename: Upendra
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: Ripen K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dani
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sapra
authors.forename: P Ranganath
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lansky
authors.forename: Ecaterina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cristea
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carlier
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gambone
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Litvack
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002857:Chromium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003035:Cobalt / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011108:Polymers; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D011108:Polymers; D014131:Trace Elements; D002857:Chromium; D003035:Cobalt; D017239:Paclitaxel