title: An altered TH1/TH2 and pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in patients with end-stage renal disease detected by suspension array technology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have an impaired immune response with a dysregulated Th1/Th2 cytokine network.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve ESRD patients on HD were enrolled, and their data of cytokines alterations were divided into pre- and post-HD groups, while data from 12 healthy volunteers served as control. Th1/Th2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines were all measured by suspension array (SA) technology with interleukin (IL)-8 detected simultaneously by ELISA. The correlation between SA technology and ELISA for IL-8 was calculated to compare these two methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In ESRD patients, as compared with controls, the level of IL-10 increased just prior to HD and IL-1beta level decreased only following HD, while the levels of TNF-beta and IL-8 decreased both before and after HD. After HD, the levels of IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10 in ESRD patients decreased when compared with those before HD. Statistical analysis by Spearman's rho's test showed significant correlations between SA technology and ELISA on IL-8 (p < 0.001, correlation coefficient 0.946).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESRD patients on HD show an altered cytokine profile with an increase in Th2 cytokine IL-10 and a decrease in Th1 cytokine TNF-beta as well as a reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8. HD did affect cytokine profile of ESRD patients, decreasing IL-1, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10. SA technology is useful in the detection of cytokine changes within detection limits of this technology in ESRD patients.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Dialysis and Transplantation Center of Guangzhou Military Area Command, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Weiguo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Jiefeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Junjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Guizhi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines