title: Affective correlates of stimulant use and adherence to anti-retroviral therapy among HIV-positive methamphetamine users.
abstract: The use of stimulants has important implications for HIV prevention and care. However, few investigations have examined psychological correlates of substance use and adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) among HIV-positive stimulant users. This cross-sectional investigation examined affective correlates of stimulant use and ART adherence among HIV-positive methamphetamine users. In total, 122 HIV-positive men who have sex with men or transgendered individuals on ART who reported using methamphetamine in the past 30 days were recruited from the community. HIV-specific traumatic stress was consistently and independently associated with more frequent cocaine/crack use (but not with methamphetamine use). Positive affect was independently associated with a decreased likelihood of reporting any injection drug use and an increased likelihood of reporting perfect ART adherence. HIV-specific traumatic stress may be an important determinant of increased cocaine/crack use in this population. Positive affect may increase the likelihood that individuals will refrain from injection drug use and achieve high levels of ART adherence.
authors.affiliation: Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94105, USA. adam.carrico@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Adam W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Carrico
authors.forename: Mallory O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Grant N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Colfax
authors.forename: Judith Tedlie
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Moskowitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology*; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008694:Methamphetamine