title: Timing of referral for prenatal genetic counselling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the timing of referrals for prenatal genetic counselling.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data of 406 consecutive patients referred because of a family history of genetic disease or a suspected risk factor for genetic disease other than an unfavourable first trimester screening outcome were retrospectively analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 37.2% (151/406) of included patients, a pregnancy was already ongoing. The mean gestational age at first contact was 13.6 weeks (SD 5.5 weeks). The main counselling issues were previous pregnancy with abortive outcome (ICD O00-O08) 23.9% (97/406), chromosomal abnormalities (ICD Q90-Q99) 16.7% (68/406) and metabolic disorders (ICD E70-E90) 9.9% (40/406). As a result of prenatal genetic counselling, invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures were performed in 11.3% (46/406) of all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients are often referred to prenatal genetic counselling when prenatal diagnosis of a familial genetic condition is no longer feasible, preventive measures are limited and alternative reproductive options have become impossible. Healthcare providers are challenged to improve services so prenatal genetic counselling can take place before conception.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Feto-maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria. maximilian.schmid@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drahonsky
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fast-Hirsch
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baumühlner
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Husslein
authors.forename: Wibke
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Blaicher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005817:Genetic Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors