[Risk factors of hearing impairment in premature infants].
OBJECTIVE
The incidence of sensorineural hearing impairment among premature infants--survivors of intensive care--is high. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors of hearing impairment in this group of children.


METHODS
Prospective cohort study (2.10.96-17.11.02). A total of 218 premature infants with birth weight 520-3000 g (Me-1300 g) and gestational age 22-36 weeks (Me-30) were tested by ABR and divided into 2 groups: with hearing impairment n = 18 and control n = 200. The logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors of hearing impairment.


RESULTS
Significant risk factors of hearing impairment were: gestation age (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.6-0.97), hyperbilirubinemia qualified for exchange transfusion (OR: 13; 95% CI: 2.9-64), severe general condition and prolonged use of katecholamines > 8 days (OR: 18; 95% CI: 3.6-96), treatment with amikacin > 15 days (OR: 8; 95% CI: 1.6-43), hypoglycaemia < or = 2.46mmol/l (OR: 6; 95% CI: 1.2-23). Mechanical ventilation > 14 days was an additional risk factor associated with gestational age (OR: 8; 95% CI: 1.1-65). The model evaluated by logistic regression could predict 13 out of 18 hearing impairment cases (72%).


CONCLUSIONS
The independent risk factors of hearing impairment in premature infants are: low gestational age or associated with it prolonged mechanical ventilation, hyperbilirubinemia, severe general condition, hypoglycaemia and prolonged treatment with amikacin.
Tomasik
Tomasz
T
Klinika Chorób Dzieci Katedry Pediatrii, Wydział Lekarski Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kierownik Kliniki i Katedry. tomek.tomasik@gmail.com
D000583:Amikacin / Q000009:adverse effects; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000009:adverse effects; D015984:Causality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D005078:Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006311:Hearing Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors
D002395:Catecholamines; D000583:Amikacin