title: [Case management process identified from experience of nurse case managers].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to develop a substantive theory of case management (CM) practice by investigating the experience of nurse case managers caring for Medical Aid enrollees in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 12 nurses were interviewed regarding their own experience in CM practice. Data were recorded and analyzed using grounded theory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Empowerment was the core category of CM for Medical Aid enrollees. The case managers engaged in five phases as follows, phase of inquiring in advance, building a relationship with the client, giving the client critical mind, facilitating positive changes in the client's use of healthcare services, and maintaining relationship bonds. These phases moved gradually and were circular if necessary. Also, they were accelerated or slowed depending on factors including clients' characteristics, case managers' competency level, families' support level, and availability of community resources.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study helps understand what CM practice is and how nurses are performing this innovative CM role. It is recommended that nurse leaders and policy makers integrate empowerment as a core category and the five critical CM phases into future CM programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Kyungwon University, Seongnam, Korea.
authors.forename: Eun-Jun
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chunmi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019090:Case Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003152:Community Health Nursing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007723:Korea; D008329:Managed Care Programs; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011209:Power, Psychological