Portal vein thrombosis and budd-Chiari syndrome.
Venous thrombosis results from the convergence of vessel wall injury and/or venous stasis, known as local triggering factors, and the occurrence of acquired and/or inherited thrombophilia, also known as systemic prothrombotic risk factors. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) are caused by thrombosis and/or obstruction of the extrahepatic portal veins and the hepatic venous outflow tract, respectively. Several divergent prothrombotic disorders may underlie these distinct forms of large vessel thrombosis. While cirrhotic PVT is relatively common, especially in advanced liver disease, noncirrhotic and nontumoral PVT is rare and BCS is of intermediate incidence. In this article, we review pathogenic mechanisms and current concepts of patient management.
Bittencourt
Paulo Lisboa
PL
Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Portuguese Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Electronic address: plbbr@uol.com.br.
Couto
Cláudia Alves
CA
Alfa Gastroenterology Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Ribeiro
Daniel Dias
DD
Alfa Gastroenterology Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Hematology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
D006502:Budd-Chiari Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy