title: A minimally invasive registration method using surface template-assisted marker positioning (STAMP) for image-guided otologic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A new, minimally invasive registration method was developed for image-guided otologic surgery. We utilized laser-sintered template of the patient's bone surface to transfer the virtual markers to the patient's bone intraoperatively and eliminated the necessity for preoperative marker positioning or additional CT scan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Simulation surgeries and clinical application.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured registration errors in 10 trials using replicas and six ear surgeries (two cochlear implant insertions, four translabyrinthine acoustic tumor removals).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The target registration errors varied among the surgical targets. Errors were less than 1 mm near the cochlear implant insertion target both in phantom study and in actual surgeries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our newly developed method reduced the preoperative procedures for patients but did not reduce the accuracy in cochlear implant surgery. Our method would be a useful image-guided surgery method in the field of otology, where both accuracy and noninvasiveness are required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. matunozo@med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Jaesung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashizume
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komune
mesh_terms: D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004423:Ear / Q000601:surgery*; D009464:Neuroma, Acoustic / Q000601:surgery; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed