title: Antibiotic prophylaxis for orthognathic surgery: a prospective, comparative, randomized study between amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and penicillin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to evaluate the prophylactic efficacy after the correction of dentofacial deformities between short- and long-term penicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study was prospective, randomized, and double blinded. Patients were separated into four groups randomly: short-term and long-term (5 days) penicillin and short-term and long-term (5 days) amoxicillin-clavulanic acid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred twenty two patients were assigned randomly into the four groups. Infection developed in a patient in the short-term amoxicillin-clavulanic acid group and in a patient in the long-term penicillin group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no differences in infection between the two groups of antibiotics. Based on the present study, short-term penicillin is still the most appropriate choice for prophylactic antibiotic in orthognathic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. jpornchai@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Pornchai
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jansisyanont
authors.forename: Somchai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sessirisombat
authors.forename: Panunn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sastravaha
authors.forename: Pimol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bamroong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011378:Prognathism / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination