Management of adrenal lesions.
OBJECTIVE
Adrenal lesions are commonly seen on modern imaging modalities, and although the majority are benign, potentially lethal entities necessitate exclusion. This group of both functional lesions and malignancies can produce an extensive variety of symptoms. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent advances in diagnosis and therapies for adrenal lesions.


RESULTS
New tumor markers and genetic risk factors continue to be discovered, and improved diagnostic techniques have made adrenal incidentalomas more common than ever before. Laparoscopic approaches for adrenal lesions continue to evolve for functional lesions, and also for lesions 12 cm and larger. Open adrenalectomy continues to be the most appropriate for adrenocortical cancer.


CONCLUSIONS
All adrenal lesions should prompt a functional hormonal assessment and additional imaging to determine malignancy employed.
Turner
Douglas J
DJ
Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. dturner@smail.umaryland.edu
Miskulin
Judiann
J
D000307:Adrenal Gland Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor