title: Evaluation of the anti-pyretic potential of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth standardized extract.
abstract: The anti-pyretic activity of a standardized methanol/water (50/50) extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. (SEOS) was investigated for its effect on normal body temperature and yeast-induced pyrexia in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The SEOS showed no effect on normal body temperature. Doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight of SEOS significantly reduced the yeast-induced elevation in body temperature. This effect persisted up to 4 h following the administration of the extract. The anti-pyretic effect of SEOS was comparable with that of paracetamol (acetaminophen in U.S) (150 mg/kg p.o.), a standard anti-pyretic agent. HPLC study revealed that rosmarinic acid, sinensetin, eupatorin and tetramethoxyflavone were present in SEOS in the amounts of 7.58%, 0.2%, 0.34% and 0.24% respectively. The LD(50) of the extract in rats was higher than 5000 mg/kg body weight. Therefore, the present study ascertained that SEOS possesses a significant anti-pyretic activity.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia. yammunfei@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Yam
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Ang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Basir
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.forename: O Z
authors.initials: OZ
authors.lastname: Ameer
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Asmawi
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000494:pharmacology; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D031342:Orthosiphon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000082:Acetaminophen