title: Pulp vitality in teeth suffering trauma during orthodontic therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine pulpal vitality in teeth suffering dental trauma during orthodontic therapy with fixed appliances.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pulpal condition was evaluated in 59 teeth that had suffered dental trauma during orthodontic treatment (TO-group), in 800 orthodontically treated teeth without previous dental trauma (O-group), and in 193 orthodontically untreated teeth with previous dental trauma (T-group). Pulpal vitality was examined clinically and with radiographs. Degree of pulp obliteration was rated as absent, partial, or total. All teeth in the TO-group showed a positive sensibility test prior to resumption of orthodontic therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Teeth in the TO-group revealed a significantly higher frequency of pulp necrosis than teeth in the O-group or teeth in the T-group (P < .001, respectively). In the TO-group, teeth with extrusive or lateral luxation (P = .031) and teeth with intrusive luxation (P = .015) injuries showed a significantly higher rate of pulp necrosis than teeth with fracture of enamel. In addition, teeth with total pulp obliteration showed a significantly higher frequency of pulp necrosis than teeth without pulp obliteration (P = .013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Teeth with severe periodontal injury during orthodontic therapy and subsequent total pulp obliteration have an increased risk of pulp necrosis during additional orthodontic treatment stages.
authors.affiliation: o.bauss@praxisbauss.de
authors.forename: Oskar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bauss
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Röhling
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiliaridis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003784:Dental Pulp Calcification / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003791:Dental Pulp Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000293:injuries; D008297:Male; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014084:Tooth Avulsion / Q000209:etiology*; D014082:Tooth Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology