title: Increased pentosidine, an advanced glycation end-product, in urine and tissue reflects disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Under inflammatory conditions with strong oxidative stresses, advanced glycation end-products (AGE), carbonyl compounds, are produced. The concentration of pentosidine, an AGE, reportedly correlates with complications of diabetes mellitus and worsening of rheumatoid arthritis, but its role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies against pentosidine, and 8-OH-2-deoxyguanosine. The urinary concentration of pentosidine was also quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pentosidine expression was up-regulated in the inflamed tissue of IBD. The expression of both pentosidine and 8-OH-2-deoxyguanosine was similar and increased in the inflamed epithelium and infiltrating cells (neutrophils and lymphocytes). The urinary concentration of pentosidine in active ulcerative colitis was significantly greater than that in inactive ulcerative colitis (0.12+/-0.15 vs 0.021+/-0.011 microg/mg of Cr, P<0.05), and was greater in active Crohn's disease than in inactive Crohn's disease (0.071+/-0.086 vs 0.039+/-0.023 microg/mg of Cr).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The urinary pentosidine level correlated with the activity of ulcerative colitis and may be a marker for disease activity in ulcerative colitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Tsujido-machi, Kawagoe City, Saitama, Japan. skato@saitama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Mitsuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Atsuhiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: Yeongji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Imaki
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yakabi
authors.forename: Makio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D003106:Colon / Q000737:chemistry*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000737:chemistry; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D001120:Arginine; C062187:pentosidine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; D008239:Lysine