title: Progenitor cell proliferation in the retina is dependent on Notch-independent Sonic hedgehog/Hes1 activity.
abstract: Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is an indispensable, extrinsic cue that regulates progenitor and stem cell behavior in the developing and adult mammalian central nervous system. Here, we investigate the link between the Shh signaling pathway and Hes1, a classical Notch target. We show that Shh-driven stabilization of Hes1 is independent of Notch signaling and requires the Shh effector Gli2. We identify Gli2 as a primary mediator of this response by showing that Gli2 is required for Hh (Hedgehog)-dependent up-regulation of Hes1. We also show using chromatin immunoprecipitation that Gli2 binds to the Hes1 promoter, which suggests that Hes1 is a Hh-dependent direct target of Gli2 signaling. Finally, we show that Shh stimulation of progenitor proliferation and cell diversification requires Gli2 and Hes1 activity. This paper is the first demonstration of the mechanistic and functional link between Shh, Gli, and Hes1 in the regulation of progenitor cell behavior.
authors.affiliation: Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Dana S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mears
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McNeill
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mazerolle
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thurig
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ryoichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kageyama
authors.forename: Valerie A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Wallace
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051819:Immunoglobulin J Recombination Signal Sequence-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D000072056:Transcription Factor HES-1; D000075746:Zinc Finger Protein Gli2
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D051819:Immunoglobulin J Recombination Signal Sequence-Binding Protein; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000072056:Transcription Factor HES-1; D000075746:Zinc Finger Protein Gli2; C000618551:Gli2 protein, mouse; C489734:Hes1 protein, mouse; C489685:Hes5 protein, mouse; C497571:Rbpj protein, mouse; C465570:Shh protein, mouse