title: Root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars in an Indian population: a laboratory study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the root canal morphology of mandibular first premolar teeth in an Indian population using a decalcification and clearing technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred extracted adult mandibular first premolar teeth were studied following decalcification and clearing. The shape of the canal orifice, root canal pattern and length of the teeth were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mandibular first premolars were identified to have a round orifice (38%), oval orifice (44%), flattened orifice (17%) and C-shaped orifice (1%). The canal patterns were classified as Type I (72%), Type II (6%), Type III (3%), Type IV (10%) and Type V (8%) according to Vertucci's classification. C-shaped canals were identified in one tooth (1%). The average length of the teeth was 21.6 mm. Fourteen per cent of the teeth had mesial invaginations of the root.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Type I canal patterns were the most frequently occurring in mandibular first premolars amongst the Indian population. 85.7% of the teeth with mesial invagination of the root had either two canals or division of canals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. vel9911@yahoo.com
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Velmurugan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sandhya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003648:Decalcification Technique; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005404:Fixatives; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007194:India; D008334:Mandible; D009811:Odontometry; D012459:Salicylates; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D005404:Fixatives; D012459:Salicylates; C033069:methyl salicylate