New trends in face rejuvenation by hyaluronic acid injections.
BACKGROUND
Injection techniques are growing, thanks to safer and more suitable filling agents. Hyaluronic acid (HA), a biodegradable product, has become the "gold standard" for fillers. With its wide range, it not only improves wrinkles but also restores volume.


METHODS
Since 1996, many patients have been injected for wrinkles, fine lines, and nasolabial folds. For 3 years, more viscous HAs have been launched, allowing us to restore volumes. Some new procedures are described. These can correct anomalies of the chin and of the nose, and allow a betterment of the periocular area by correcting hollow and falling eyebrows.


RESULTS
The use of different HAs for each area and indication is suitable and offers real possibilities to rejuvenate the skin without downtime. Longevity of the correction depends on treated areas, HA used, and on the individual.


CONCLUSIONS
HAs are safe and suitable for wrinkles and volume restoration, but besides their mechanical properties, they have numerous physiological functions. With the analysis of literature about the action mechanism of HA and its receptors, it is evident that HA also has a stimulating action on different physiological process.
Andre
Pierre
P
Paris-Université Laser Skin Clinic, Paris, France. pandre2@noos.fr
D002680:Chin; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000639:trends*; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005138:Eyebrows; D005145:Face; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000502:physiology; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D009666:Nose; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid