title: 9-cis-canthaxanthin exhibits higher pro-apoptotic activity than all-trans-canthaxanthin isomer in THP-1 macrophage cells.
abstract: All-trans-canthaxanthin (4, 4'-diketo beta-carotene) but not 9-cis-canthaxanthin has been shown to induce apoptosis in some cell lines. In this study apoptotic activity of 9-cis-canthaxanthin on THP-1 macrophage is reported. Comparison of apoptotic activities of the two canthaxanthin isomers on this cell line by annexin V-cy3 and TUNEL assays indicated the higher pro-apoptotic activity of 9-cis-isomer than the all-trans-isomer. Canthaxanthin-induced apoptosis in this cell line was found to be accompanied by increased caspase-3 and caspase-8 activities, indicating its progression via caspase cascade. Induction of both caspase activities was higher by 9-cis-canthaxanthin than that by trans-canthaxanthin. All these results suggest that canthaxanthin stereoisomers differentially induce apoptosis of THP-1 monocyte/macrophage.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Vijayalatha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Venugopalan
authors.forename: Nandini
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Hemant K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Gautam
authors.forename: P Pardha
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Saradhi
authors.forename: Rakha H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016644:Canthaxanthin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007536:Isomerism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016644:Canthaxanthin; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8