title: Improving patient outlook in rheumatoid arthritis: experience with abatacept.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the importance of improving patient outlook in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to discuss the role of the nurse practitioner (NP) who, through the assessment of patient-reported outcomes and in acting as an advocate for the patient with the wider healthcare team, has a crucial part to play in managing the overall well-being of the patient. This article will draw on the clinical experience to date with abatacept, a first-in-class therapy that has been approved for the treatment of RA in patients with an inadequate response to either traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), such as methotrexate, or biological DMARDs, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonists.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive literature search was performed using the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), EMBASE, and BIOSIS databases (restricted to articles posted between January 2000 and February 2007) with the search terms CTLA-4Ig, abatacept, and primary clinical trial publications in patients with RA. The clinical data are summarized in this review along with safety data presented in the prescribing information.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recent changes in the approach to RA treatment, particularly the advent of biological therapies, have impacted the role of the NP. The role of the NP is integral to the management of RA and in maximizing patient outcomes, through educating patients to make informed choices regarding their treatment, ensuring the safe administration of therapies and monitoring response to therapy, and in acting as an advocate for the patient within the wider healthcare team.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of more patient-centered measures of response are gaining increasing importance both in clinical trials and in clinical practice, and as such the NP has an important role in ensuring that both the physical and the psychological needs of patients are met. Clinical trials to date have shown that abatacept provides significant and clinically meaningful improvements in patient-reported outcomes, as well as demonstrating significant clinical benefits and a consistent safety profile, thus representing a valuable treatment option within the RA treatment armamentarium.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacology Study Group, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA. cpsgworc@aol.com
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coughlin
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D018450:Disease Progression; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000451:nursing; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007258:Informed Consent; D009722:Nurse Practitioners / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000523:psychology; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D010344:Patient Advocacy; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D018802:Patient-Centered Care; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012449:Safety; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000069594:Abatacept