title: Carotenoid extraction from plants using a novel, environmentally friendly solvent.
abstract: Few environmentally friendly solvents are available to extract carotenoids for use in foods. The most effective known solvents are products of the petroleum industry and toxic for human consumption. Yet carotenoid extracts are desirable for use in dietary supplements and as additives to enhance the health benefits of processed foods. Ethyl lactate is an excellent solvent to extract both trans- and cis-lycopene isomers from dried tomato powder, the extraction efficiency of which is enhanced by the addition of the antioxidants alpha-tocopherol and alpha-lipoic acid, both of which are known to benefit human health. It is also useful to extract lutein and beta-carotene from dried powders prepared from white corn and carrots. Because of its low flammability and its origin as a byproduct of the corn and soybean industries, it is more advantageous than ethyl acetate, which is a petroleum product.
authors.affiliation: US Department of Agriculture, Processed Foods Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, Albany, California 94710, USA. betty.ishida@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Betty K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Mary H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chapman
mesh_terms: D002338:Carotenoids / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000737:chemistry; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D007773:Lactates; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D012997:Solvents; D002338:Carotenoids; C015866:ethyl lactate