title: The cholinomimetic agent carbachol induces headache in healthy subjects.
abstract: The parasympathetic nervous system is likely to be involved in migraine pathogenesis. We hypothesized that the cholinomimetic agonist carbachol would induce headache and vasodilation of cephalic and radial arteries. Carbachol (3 microg/kg) or placebo was randomly infused into 12 healthy subjects in a double-blind crossover study. Headache was scored on a verbal rating scale from 0-10. Velocity in the middle cerebral artery (V(MCA)) and diameter of the superficial temporal artery (STA) and radial artery (RA) were recorded. Nine participants developed headache after carbachol compared with three after placebo. The area under the curve for headache was increased after carbachol compared with placebo both during infusion (0-30 min) (P = 0.042) and in the postinfusion period (30-90 min) (P = 0.027). Carbachol infusion caused a drop in V(MCA) (P = 0.003) and an increase in STA diameter (P = 0.006), but no increase in the RA diameter (P = 0.200). In conclusion, the study demonstrated that carbachol caused headache and dilation of cephalic arteries in healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Danish Headache Centre, Glostrup Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark. henrikschytz@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Schytz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wienecke
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Oturai
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Olesen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000187:drug effects; D013699:Temporal Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; D014664:Vasodilation; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D002217:Carbachol