title: Does doxycycline work in synergy with cisplatin and oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years, apart from antibacterial properties, doxycycline is reported to have cytotoxic and anti-proliferative actions in various cancers including colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer constitutes one of the most common cancers in the western population. Apart from surgery, chemotherapy plays crucial role in the treatment of colorectal cancer. Cisplatin and oxaliplatin are most commonly used platinum compounds for the cancer chemotherapy. This study has looked for any impact of doxycycline on the cytotoxic effects of platinum compounds in colorectal cancer including its mechanisms of actions.
  
  
  METHODS
  HT 29 colorectal cancer cells were used for this study. These cells were treated with cisplatin and oxaliplatin with or without doxycycline treatment. The caspase 3 gene expression was quantitated by gel electrophoresis and qualitated by real time polymerase chain reactions. The caspase 3 activity was assessed in HT 29 cells with fluorescence kit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed increased caspase 3 gene expressions and activities in HT 29 cells treated with cisplatin, oxaliplatin and doxycycline; however the combination of doxycycline with cisplatin and oxaliplatin did not report increased caspase 3 gene expressions and activity compared to cisplatin and oxaliplatin alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that doxycycline has role in apoptosis induction in the colorectal cancer. However, it did not show any synergy with platinum compounds in the colorectal cancer cells. This study also pointed towards possible caspase-independent actions of doxycycline with cisplatin and oxaliplatin. However, further work is required to underpin the mechanisms of actions of doxycycline.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. jsagar_2001@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Jayesh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sagar
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sales
authors.forename: Sas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dijk
authors.forename: JanWillem
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Taanman
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seifalian
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winslet
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D003199:Computer Systems; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077150:Oxaliplatin
chemical_list: D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D053148:Caspase 3; D004318:Doxycycline; D002945:Cisplatin