title: HDAC4 regulates neuronal survival in normal and diseased retinas.
abstract: Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm and serves as a nuclear co-repressor that regulates bone and muscle development. We report that HDAC4 regulates the survival of retinal neurons in the mouse in normal and pathological conditions. Reduction in HDAC4 expression during normal retinal development led to apoptosis of rod photoreceptors and bipolar (BP) interneurons, whereas overexpression reduced naturally occurring cell death of the BP cells. HDAC4 overexpression in a mouse model of retinal degeneration prolonged photoreceptor survival. The survival effect was due to the activity of HDAC4 in the cytoplasm and relied at least partly on the activity of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha). These data provide evidence that HDAC4 plays an important role in promoting the survival of retinal neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA. bochen@genetics.med.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Constance L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cepko
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology; D002470:Cell Survival; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D018274:Electroporation; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D055351:Retinal Neurons / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D017948:Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C497443:Hif1a protein, mouse; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D012243:Rhodopsin; C498618:Hdac5 protein, mouse; D006655:Histone Deacetylases