title: Augmentation of skeletal tissue formation in impaction bone grafting using vaterite microsphere biocomposites.
abstract: The development of particulate bone void fillers with added biological function to augment skeletal tissue formation will lead to improved efficacy in bone replacement surgery. We demonstrate the potential for vaterite microsphere biocomposites to augment bone matrix formation within an in vivo model for impaction bone grafting seeded with human bone marrow stromal cells. In vitro tests demonstrate the significance of vaterite microspheres in the activation and promotion of 3D skeletal tissue formation. Further in vitro experiments using functionalized microspheres with surface integrated RGD peptide activate co-cultured skeletal populations in pellets and promote secretion of extracellular matrix collagens and human osteocalcin. Specific temporal release of entrapped RNase A was successfully demonstrated using these specialized microspheres with integrated magnetic beads, which physically disrupted the inorganic macrostructure. These studies demonstrate that bio-inspired calcium carbonate microspheres augment in vivo bone formation in impaction bone grafting. Such microspheres with added biological functionality offer innovative therapeutic approaches to activate skeletal populations and enhance bone formation with reparative implications for hard tissues.
authors.affiliation: Bone & Joint Research Group, Centre for Human Development, Stem Cells and Regeneration, Developmental Origins of Health & Disease, University of Southampton, Southampton SO166YD, UK.
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Benjamin J R F
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bolland
authors.forename: Janos M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kanczler
authors.forename: Stuart A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Lanham
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Richard O C
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Oreffo
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D008863:Microspheres; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015675:Osteocalcin; D003094:Collagen; D002119:Calcium Carbonate