title: Change in taste preference in undernourished elderly hospitalized subjects during periods of infection and convalescence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the impact of taste pleasure supplements on modifications of food intake in hospitalized frail elderly patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty hospitalized frail elderly patients tasted different formulas of a high-protein coffee supplement: -supplement C, commercial version; - supplement CA with artificial coffee flavor; - supplement CS with sucrose and - supplement CAS with sucrose and artificial coffee flavor. The preference for the supplements was analyzed by the Friedman test followed by a post hoc Tukey's test. The food intakes in each period were compared by repeated ANOVA and the food intakes of the two periods were compared using Student's t test. All measurements were made during periods of infection and convalescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The supplements CAS and CS were significantly more appreciated than the current commercial version C (P < .05). The patients could be classified into two groups: consumers (consuming the supplements) and nonconsumers (just tasting the supplements). Taking supplements can increase the total energy intake for consumers (P < .01), especially during periods of infection; no modification was observed in the non-consumers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of supplements to increase sensory pleasure can be one feasible way to increase energy intake in hospitalized elderly patients with an infectious disease.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital de Champmaillot, Service de Médecine Gériatrique, CHU de Dijon, Dijon, France. vanwymelbeke@cesg.cnrs.fr
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Van Wymelbeke
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pfitzenmeyer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003069:Coffee; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D003289:Convalescence / Q000523:psychology; D004032:Diet; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D055697:Taste Perception
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein