title: The impact of leadership and team behavior on standard of care delivered during human patient simulation: a pilot study for undergraduate medical students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Methodology to train team behavior during simulation has received increased attention, but standard performance measures are lacking, especially at the undergraduate level.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our purposes were to develop a reliable team behavior measurement tool and explore the relationship between team behavior and the delivery of an appropriate standard of care specific to the simulated case.
  
  
  METHODS
  Authors developed a unique team measurement tool based on previous work. Trainees participated in a simulated event involving the presentation of acute dyspnea. Performance was rated by separate raters using the team behavior measurement tool. Interrater reliability was assessed. The relationship between team behavior and the standard of care delivered was explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The instrument proved to be reliable for this case and group of raters. Team behaviors had a positive relationship with the standard of medical care delivered specific to the simulated case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The methods used provide a possible method for training and assessing team performance during simulation.
authors.affiliation: Education and Evaluation Center, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, USA. james.carlson@rosalindfranklin.edu
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Elana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bridges
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000175:diagnosis; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team; D016544:Patient Simulation; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000592:standards