title: The hemodynamic effects of intravenous digoxin-binding fab immunoglobulin in severe preeclampsia: a double-blind, randomized, clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An endogenous digitalis-like factor (EDLF) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia (PE). This hypothesis is supported by two cases of preeclampsia in which administration of digoxin immune Fab (DIF) reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP).
  
  
  METHODS
  To study this observation further, we performed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial to examine the effects on MAP of intravenous DIF given after delivery in 26 subjects with severe preeclampsia. Treating obstetricians were blinded to subject assignment and were allowed to use standard antihypertensive drugs during the trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary outcome, a significant difference in blood pressure between the two groups over the 24-h period of observation after the intervention, was not supported. However, mean MAP was significantly lower in the DIF-treated subjects for the first 4 h after therapy as compared with controls (P=0.05). Six subjects (46.2%) in the placebo arm were given conventional antihypertensive medications by their obstetrician for blood pressure >160 mm Hg systolic or >110 mm Hg diastolic, compared with zero subjects in the treatment arm (P=0.01). A trend towards increased creatinine clearance was observed in DIF-treated subjects (137.6+/-42.6 versus 104.1+/-43.4, P=0.07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support the hypothesis that EDLF contributes to the elevated blood pressure in preeclampsia and suggests a possible role for DIF as a treatment for this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Section of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. adair@rocob.com
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Adair
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luper
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Veille
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Buckalew
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007749:Labor Stage, Third; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; C050199:digoxin antibodies Fab fragments; D003404:Creatinine