title: Assessment of induced radio-frequency electromagnetic fields in various anatomical human body models.
abstract: The reference levels for testing compliance of human exposure with radio-frequency (RF) safety limits have been derived from very simplified models of the human. In order to validate these findings for anatomical models, we investigated the absorption characteristics for various anatomies ranging from 6 year old child to large adult male by numerical modeling. We address the exposure to plane-waves incident from all major six sides of the humans with two orthogonal polarizations each. Worst-case scattered field exposure scenarios have been constructed in order to test the implemented procedures of current in situ compliance measurement standards (spatial averaging versus peak search). Our findings suggest that the reference levels of current electromagnetic (EM) safety guidelines for demonstrating compliance as well as some of the current measurement standards are not consistent with the basic restrictions and need to be revised.
authors.affiliation: Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society, Zürich, Switzerland. kuehn@itis.ethz.ch
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kühn
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christ
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuster
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001822:Body Burden; D002648:Child; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D008954:Models, Biological; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011846:Radio Waves; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014915:Whole-Body Counting / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult