title: IL-10 -1082 G>A: a risk for prostate cancer but may be protective against progression of prostate cancer in North Indian cohort.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic intraprostatic inflammation is suspected to play a major role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer (PCa). Polymorphisms in interleukin-10 (IL-10), a key anti-inflammatory cytokine gene can influence immune response and immune evasion of tumor cells. Its role as an anti-metastatic molecule is also well documented.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene promoter polymorphisms in IL-10 (-1082 G>A and -819 C>T) was analyzed in 159 PCa patients and 259 healthy controls to investigate their potential association with susceptibility for PCa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results indicated that the heterozygous (GA) and homozygous mutant (AA) genotypes of IL-10 -1082 to be more prevalent among PCa patients in comparison to controls (GA: OR - 2.8, p = 0.011; AA: OR - 2.3, p = 0.037). More patients (92.5%) than controls (82.7%) were positive for the A allele (GA + AA: OR - 2.6, p = 0.015). We observed lower frequency of T(-819)-G(-1082) haplotype in patients without bone metastasis (4.4%, OR - 0.30, p = 0.019) in comparison to PCa patients with bone metastasis (12.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results support the emerging hypothesis that genetically determined immune activity may play a role in the pathophysiology of PCa. Our findings of high producer of IL-10 -1082 variants suggest initiation of PCa. Future studies in large cohort of different ethnicity PCa groups are warranted to establish definite associations with other cytokine gene polymorphisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226014, India.
authors.forename: Pravin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kesarwani
authors.forename: Dinesh Kumar
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Ahirwar
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandhani
authors.forename: Anand Narayan
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Divakar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dalela
authors.forename: Anand Narain
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Rama D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10