title: Necessity of screening water chestnuts for microcystins after cyanobacterial blooms break out.
abstract: Water chestnut is one of the most popular vegetables in Asian countries that grows in shallow water. Eighteen water chestnut samples were collected from Lake Tai and six samples were bought at markets in Wuxi, China, in October 2007. Extraction solution of water chestnut was cleaned up with a solid phase extraction column and immunoaffinity chromatography cartridges, then the microcystin (MC) level was detected by indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The results of ELISA showed that there were six samples collected from Lake Tai which contained MCs; the highest level of total MCs was 7.02 ng/g. The results of LC-MS confirmed that MC-LR and MC-RR were present in five samples. The highest level of MC-LR was 1.02 ng/g and that of MC-RR was 4.44 ng/g. Heavy cyanobacterial blooms had occurred, and MCs were detected in water at the points in Lake Tai where MCs occurred in water chestnuts collected in 2007. MCs were not detected in the six samples bought at Wuxi markets. The results suggest that MCs can accumulate in water chestnuts, which is a potential hazard for human health.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, 214122 Wuxi, China.
authors.forename: Fu-Gang
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Xiao-Lian
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Jing-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei-Min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Niu
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry*; D031256:Eleocharis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005068:Eutrophication; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D052998:Microcystins / Q000032:analysis*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D052998:Microcystins; D010936:Plant Extracts