title: Response analysis for multiple symptoms revealed differences between arms of a symptom management trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the methodology of evaluating the response of cancer patients to interventions directed at lowering severity of multiple symptoms, and to compare two arms of a symptom management trial to determine factors associated with response and time to response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized trial comparing a nurse-assisted symptom management (NASM) cognitive-behavioral intervention with an automated telephone symptom management (ATSM). Patients in both arms received six intervention contacts over 8 weeks. Analyses of the intervention contact data for 190 patients in NASM arm and 164 patients in the ATSM arm were conducted. Severities of 15 cancer-related symptoms were assessed at each intervention contact, and an anchor-based definition of response was adopted. Analyses were carried out using generalized estimating equations and Cox marginal proportional hazard models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared with patients in the NASM, patients in the ATSM had better response to manage anxiety, depression, poor appetite, cough, and fatigue. NASM was more successful in managing cancer pain. Response and time to response were associated with several patient and disease characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The approach described here presents an analytic and clinical improvement over methods that examine each symptom separately or use summed scores of severity.
authors.affiliation: Michigan State University, Department of Statistics and Probability, College of Natural Science, A423 Wells Halls, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. sikorska@stt.msu.edu
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sikorskii
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Given
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Sangchoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Given
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013689:Telephone; D016896:Treatment Outcome