title: Reducing postprandial hyperglycemia with adjuvant premeal pramlintide and postmeal insulin in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adjuvant premeal pramlintide with postmeal insulin on postprandial hyperglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight adolescents with T1DM on intensive insulin therapy participated in an open-label, non-randomized, crossover study, comparing postprandial glucose excursions in study A (prescribed insulin regimen and given premeal) vs. study B (pramlintide + insulin). Prandial insulin dose for study B was decreased by 20% and given postmeal, while pramlintide was given just before the meal. Blood glucose (BG), glucagon, and pramlintide concentrations were measured basally and at timed intervals during a 300-min study period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postprandial incremental BG for the duration of the study was reduced in study B vs. study A with AUC((-60 to 300 min)) (area under the curve) at 6600 +/- 2371 vs. 20 230 +/- 3126 mg/dL/min (367 +/- 132 vs. 1124 +/- 174 mmol/L/min) (p < 0.001). Glucagon concentration was suppressed for approximately 120 min following administration of 30 microg of pramlintide and postmeal insulin (p < 0.003). No severe hypoglycemic episodes were experienced in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postprandial hyperglycemia is considerably reduced in adolescents with T1DM when treated with fixed-dose premeal pramlintide, and precisely calculated postmeal insulin, without significant side effects.
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. kvhassan@texaschildrens.org
authors.forename: Krishnavathana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Rubina A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Heptulla
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000682:Amyloid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D005934:Glucagon; C105254:pramlintide