title: Predicting the anticipated emotional and behavioral responses to an avian flu outbreak.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to develop a model to predict the emotional and behavioral responses to an avian flu outbreak.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were 289 university students ranging in age, income, and ethnic backgrounds. They were presented with scenarios describing avian flu outbreaks affecting their community. They reported their anticipated emotional responses (positive emotion, negative emotion) and behavioral responses (helping, avoidance, sacrifice, illegal behavior) as if the scenarios were actually occurring. They also were assessed on individual differences expected to predict their responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants were only modestly familiar with the avian flu and anticipated strong emotional and behavioral responses to an outbreak. Path analyses were conducted to test a model for predicting responses. The model showed that age, sex, income, spirituality, resilience, and neuroticism were related to responses. Spirituality, resilience, and income predicted better emotional responses, and neuroticism and female sex predicted worse emotional responses. Age, sex, income, and spirituality had direct effects on behavior. The emotional responses were directly related to each behavior and mediated the effects of individual differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emotional responses may be important in predicting behavior after an outbreak of avian flu, and personal characteristics may predict both emotional and behavioral responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM. Electronic address: bwsmith@unm.edu.
authors.forename: Bruce W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.
authors.forename: Virginia S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM.
authors.forename: Timothy V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Hoyt
authors.affiliation: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM.
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000635:transmission; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009516:New Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult