title: Subclinical inflammation and diabetic polyneuropathy: MONICA/KORA Survey F3 (Augsburg, Germany).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Subclinical inflammation represents a risk factor of type 2 diabetes and several diabetes complications, but data on diabetic neuropathies are scarce. Therefore, we investigated whether circulating concentrations of acute-phase proteins, cytokines, and chemokines differ among diabetic patients with or without diabetic polyneuropathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured 10 markers of subclinical inflammation in 227 type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic polyneuropathy who participated in the population-based MONICA/KORA Survey F3 (2004-2005; Augsburg, Germany). Diabetic polyneuropathy was diagnosed using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for multiple confounders, high levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin (IL)-6 were most consistently associated with diabetic polyneuropathy, high MNSI score, and specific neuropathic deficits, whereas some inverse associations were seen for IL-18.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that subclinical inflammation is associated with diabetic polyneuropathy and neuropathic impairments. This association appears rather specific because only certain immune mediators and impairments are involved.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. christian.herder@ddz.uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herder
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lankisch
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rathmann
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Illig
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Döring
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thorand
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Holle
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giani
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meisinger
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D002097:C-Reactive Protein