title: Potential mechanism of cell death in the developing rat brain induced by propofol anesthesia.
abstract: Commonly used general anesthetics can have adverse effects on the developing brain by triggering apoptotic neurodegeneration, as has been documented in the rat. The rational of our study was to examine the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the apoptotic action of propofol anesthesia in the brain of 7-day-old (P7) rats. The down-regulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA and protein expression in the cortex and thalamus at defined time points between 1 and 24h after the propofol treatment, as well as a decrease of phosphorylated Akt were observed. The extrinsic apoptotic pathway was induced by over-expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) which led to the activation of caspase-3 in both examined structures. Neurodegeneration was confirmed by Fluoro-Jade B staining. Our findings provide direct experimental evidence that the anesthetic dose (25mg/kg) of propofol induces complex changes that are accompanied by cell death in the cortex and thalamus of the developing rat brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pesić
authors.forename: Desanka
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milanović
authors.forename: Nikola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanić
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Popić
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanazir
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jevtović-Todorović
authors.forename: Sabera
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruzdijić
mesh_terms: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D005452:Fluoresceins; D006801:Humans; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000378:metabolism; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D005452:Fluoresceins; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C435731:fluoro jade; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D015742:Propofol