title: Looking for cognition in the structure within the noise.
abstract: Neural activity in the mammalian CNS is determined by both observable processes, such as sensory stimuli or motor output, and covert, internal cognitive processes that cannot be directly observed. We propose methods to identify these cognitive processes by examining the covert structure within the apparent 'noise' in spike trains. Contemporary analyses of neural codes include encoding (tuning curves derived from spike trains and behavioral, sensory or motor variables), decoding (reconstructing behavioral, sensory or motor variables from spike trains and hypothesized tuning curves) and generative models (predicting the spike trains from hypothesized encoding models and decoded variables). We review examples of each of these processes in hippocampal activity, and propose a general methodology to examine cognitive processes via the identification of dynamic changes in covert variables.
authors.affiliation: Bethel University, St. Paul, MN 55112, USA.
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: André A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fenton
authors.forename: Cliff
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kentros
authors.forename: A David
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Redish
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000502:physiology