title: Phenotype of spontaneous orofacial dyskinesia in neuregulin-1 'knockout' mice.
abstract: Studies in antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia indicate a baseline level of spontaneous involuntary movements, particularly orofacial dyskinesia. Neuregulin-1 is associated with risk for schizophrenia and its functional role can be studied in 'knockout' mice. We have shown previously that neuregulin-1 'knockouts' evidence disruption in social behaviour. Neuregulin-1 'knockouts' were assessed for four topographies of orofacial movement, both spontaneously and under challenge with the D(1)-like dopamine receptor agonist SKF 83959. Neuregulin-1 'knockouts' evidenced an increase in spontaneous incisor chattering, particularly among males. SKF 83959 induced incisor chattering, vertical jaw movements and tongue protrusions; the level of horizontal jaw movements was increased and that of tongue protrusions decreased in neuregulin-1 'knockouts'. These findings indicate that the schizophrenia risk gene neuregulin-1 is involved in the regulation of not only social behaviour but also orofacial dyskinesia. Orofacial dyskinesia in neuregulin-1 mutants may indicate some modest genetic relationship between risk for schizophrenia and vulnerability to spontaneous movement disorder.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Research Institute for the Sciences and Humanities, Nihon University, Tokyo 102, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
authors.forename: Colm M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: O'Tuathaigh
authors.forename: Gerard J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kinsella
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Orna
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tighe
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Croke
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koshikawa
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Waddington
mesh_terms: D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D007568:Jaw / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D020890:Neuregulin-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000819:agonists; D014059:Tongue / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D020890:Neuregulin-1; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; C080703:SK&F 83959