title: Psychotherapy as monotherapy for the treatment of bipolar II depression: a proof of concept study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a proof of concept study to determine the feasibility of using an individual psychotherapy, Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT), as monotherapy for the acute treatment of bipolar II depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unmedicated individuals (n = 17) meeting DSM-IV criteria for bipolar II disorder and currently depressed received weekly psychotherapy (IPSRT) for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks of acute treatment, individuals received an additional 8 weeks of follow-up treatment consisting of continued weekly IPSRT with supplementary lamotrogine for IPSRT non-responders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By week 12, 41% (n = 7) of the sample responded to IPSRT monotherapy (defined as > or =50% reduction in depression scores without an increase in mania scores), 41% (n = 7) dropped out of or were removed from the study, and 18% (n = 3) did not respond to treatment. By week 20, 53% (n = 9) had achieved a response and 29% (n = 5) achieved a full remission of symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy appears to be a promising intervention for a subset of individuals with bipolar II depression. A randomized controlled trial is needed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of IPSRT as an acute monotherapy for bipolar II depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. swartzha@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Holly A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Swartz
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Debra R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Frankel
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Novick
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Houck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult