title: In vitro effect of malathion and diazinon on oocytes fertilization and embryo development in porcine.
abstract: Diazinon and malathion are commonly used organophosphate insecticides in agriculture, industry, and in veterinary medicine as an ectoparasiticide. The importance to carry out in vitro reproductive toxicology assays lies on the need of knowing the alterations these insecticides may cause at cellular level, since they are endocrine disruptors that interfere with reproductive functions. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro oocyte viability, fertilization, and embryo development with different concentrations of diazinon and malathion. For in vitro fertilization (IVF), porcine oocytes and sperm were co-incubated for 7 h with increasing concentrations (50, 100, and 500 microM) of diazinon and malathion. For embryo development, fertilized oocytes were cultured in medium containing the same insecticide concentrations during 96 h for embryo development and 144 h for morulae formation. Diazinon did not affect oocyte viability and embryo divisions but decreased IVF (fertilization inhibition(50) = 502 microM) and morulae formation (morulae inhibition(50) = 344 microM). Malathion affected all the studied parameters: lethal concentration(50) = 1 mM, fertilization inhibition(50) = 443 microM, development inhibition(50) = 375 microM, and morulae inhibition(50) = 216 microM. The results of this study indicate that diazinon and malathion used in commercial formulation could be toxic, producing impairment in in vitro fertilization and embryo development. This is an approach for further investigations to find out cell damage mechanisms produced by these widely used insecticides.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, D.F., CP 09340, México.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ducolomb
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valdez
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altamirano-Lozano
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Betancourt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003976:Diazinon / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008294:Malathion / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009028:Morula / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D007306:Insecticides; D008294:Malathion; D003976:Diazinon