title: Success rate of second-generation palatal implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the clinical outcome of a prospective two-center study of second-generation palatal implants 6 months after functional loading.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2005 to 2006, 30 patients aged 12 to 41 years were included in the study. In all patients, orthodontic treatment required stationary anchorage. The palatal implants (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland) were placed in the median region of the anterior palate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All implants were initially stable at the time of placement. However, two (6.7%) were lost during the unloaded healing period. The remaining 28 (93.3%) were subjected to functional loading after a mean healing period of 12 weeks. Typical signs of slight superficial inflammation were observed in the peri-implant mucosa (n = 28). During the orthodontic loading phase, the implants were equipped with either a modified pendulum appliance for distalization or a transpalatal arch for stationary anchorage to the posterior teeth. No implant loosening or loss was registered during the active treatment period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The failure rate of palatal implants of the second generation was low (6.7%). Slight inflammatory reactions of peri-implant tissue caused neither implant loss nor pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany. brjung@uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: Britta A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kunkel
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Göllner
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liechti
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wehrbein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016348:Osseointegration; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult