title: Endoscopic balloon dilation in caustic-induced chronic gastric outlet obstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The standard treatment of caustic-induced gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is surgery. There are only a few reports in the medical literature on endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD) for caustic-induced GOO.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the short-term and long-term response of EBD in patients with caustic-induced GOO.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary-care center in India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 49 patients with caustic-induced GOO seen by us between January 1998 and December 2003, 41 were treated by EBD. Thirty-seven patients had consumed an acid and 4 had consumed an alkali a mean (SD) of 19.5 +/- 14.5 weeks earlier. EBD was performed every 3 weeks by using through-the-scope balloons under endoscopic guidance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The balloon was negotiated across the narrowed segment and inflated for 60 seconds by using a pressure gun. Balloons of incremental diameters, up to a maximum of 3 sizes, were used in each sitting. The end point of dilation was 15 mm, after which patients were assessed for recurrence. The patients were observed until August 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 41 patients (23 men; mean [SD] age 29.6 +/- 8.5 years) could be successfully taken for EBD. Thirty-nine patients underwent successful repeated dilations, which required a mean (SD) of 5.8 +/- 2.6 dilations (range 2-13) to achieve the end point of 15 mm. All 39 patients were followed up for an average (SD) of 35.4 +/- 11.1 months (range 18-58 months). The mean (SD) size of the first dilator was 8.2 +/- 0.6 mm (range 8-10 mm). One patient had a perforation and was subjected to antrectomy; another patient had pain every time he received EBD; he also had surgery. Other complications were minor: self-limiting pain (n = 8) or bleeding (n = 7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EBD is a safe, effective, and long-lasting alternative to surgery for caustic-induced GOO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. dr_kochhar@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kochhar
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.forename: Pradeepta K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Sethy
authors.forename: Gursewak
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Saroj Kant
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Birinder
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nagi
authors.forename: Jai Dev
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wig
authors.forename: Kartar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000150:complications*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D002424:Caustics / Q000633:toxicity*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D017219:Gastric Outlet Obstruction / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy*; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002424:Caustics