Prosthesis design and stress profile after hip resurfacing: a finite element analysis.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of prosthesis design on stress profile in the proximal femur after hip resurfacing.


METHODS
The von Mises stress profile of the native femur was simulated and compared with that of resurfaced femurs using various prosthetic materials (titanium, cobalt-chrome, ceramic), stem lengths (normal, half, short, and no stem), and femoral head coverage (shell size) [260 degrees, 220 degrees, 180 degrees, and 140 degrees].


RESULTS
Hip resurfacing altered the stress profile of the cancellous (but not cortical) bone of the femoral neck. Maximal cortical stresses were observed at the posterior half of the medial femoral neck. The stress profile of the native femur was most similar to that of the resurfaced femur made of titanium, with a short or no stem and 260 degrees of femoral head coverage (shell size).


CONCLUSIONS
Optimising prosthesis design by minimising biomechanical alterations seems a valid approach to achieving favourable long-term outcomes. Cadaveric and in vivo studies are needed to confirm the clinical relevance and feasibility.
Heijink
A
A
Biomechanics Laboratory, Division of Orthopedic Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Zobitz
M E
ME
Nuyts
R
R
Morrey
B F
BF
An
K N
KN
D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000295:instrumentation; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005270:Femur Head / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006622:Hip Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology