title: Low-fluence photodynamic therapy in longstanding chronic central serous chorioretinopathy with foveal and gravitational atrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe anatomic and functional outcomes in two patients with long-standing severe chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) with foveal and gravitational atrophy treated with low-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients with a history of over 10 years of chronic CSC and development of gravitational tracts, with best-corrected visual acuity <or=20/200, were treated with PDT guided by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) with a fluence of 25 J/cm2 at an irradiance of 300 mW. Follow-up examinations 1 and 9 months after therapy included measurement of near and far best-corrected visual acuity, fundus biomicroscopy, fluorescein angiography and ICGA, optical coherence tomography, and microperimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 1 and 9 months after low-fluence PDT, complete resolution of subretinal, intraretinal, and under retinal pigment epithelium fluid was observed in both patients. Far and near visual acuity improved in both eyes. Improvement of sensitivity and fixation stability were demonstrated by microperimetry. No treatment-related side effects were seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICGA-guided low-fluence PDT seems effective and safe for treating long-standing chronic CSC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. mreibaldi@libero.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reibaldi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boscia
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Avitabile
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cannemi
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Uva
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reibaldi
mesh_terms: D001284:Atrophy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D044967:Serum; D000077362:Verteporfin; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D000077362:Verteporfin; D007208:Indocyanine Green