title: Post-abscission, pre-dispersal seeds of Digitalis purpurea remain in a developmental state that is not terminated by desiccation ex planta.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Seed quality may be compromised if seeds are harvested before natural dispersal (shedding). It has been shown previously that slow or delayed drying can increase potential quality compared with immediate rapid drying. This study set out to investigate whether or not there is a critical moisture content, below which drying terminates maturation events for seeds harvested after mass maturity but before dispersal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seeds of foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) in the post-abscission pre-dispersal phase were held at between 15 and 95 % RH for 4 or 8 d, with or without re-hydration to 95 % RH for a further 4 d, before drying to equilibrium at 15 % RH. In addition, dry seeds were primed for 48 h at -1 MPa. Subsequent seed longevity was assessed at 60 % RH and 45 degrees C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rate of germination and longevity were improved by holding seeds at a wide range of humidities after harvest. Longevity was further improved by re-hydration at 95 % RH. Priming improved the longevity of the seeds dried immediately after harvest, but not of those first held at 95 % RH for 8 d prior to drying.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maturation continued ex planta in these post-abscission, pre-dispersal seeds of D. purpurea dried at 15-80 % RH at a rate correlated positively with RH (cf. ageing of mature seeds). Subsequent re-hydration at 95 % RH enabled a further improvement in quality. Priming seeds initially stored air-dry for 3 months also allowed maturation events to resume. However, once individual seeds within the population had reached maximum longevity, priming had a negative impact on their subsequent survival.
authors.affiliation: Seed Conservation Department, Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, West Sussex RH17 6TN, UK.
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D003890:Desiccation; D004070:Digitalis / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*; D035264:Flowers / Q000502:physiology; D018525:Germination; D012639:Seeds / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014867:Water