title: Development of compact size penning ion source for compact neutron generator.
abstract: For long-life operation, easy to mount and compact in size penning type ion sources are widely used in different fields of research such as neutron generators, material research, and surface etching. One penning type ion source has been developed in our laboratory. Applying high voltage of 2 kV between two oppositely biased electrodes and using permanent magnet of 500 gauss magnetic field along the axis, we had produced the glow discharge in the plasma region. The performance of this source was investigated using nitrogen gas. Deuterium ions were produced and extracted on the basis of chosen electrodes and the angle of extraction. Using a single aperture plasma electrode, the beam was extracted along the axial direction. The geometry of plasma electrode is an important factor for the efficient extraction of the ions from the plasma ion source. The extracted ion current depends upon the shape of the plasma meniscus. A concave shaped plasma meniscus produces converged ion beam. The convergence of extracted ions is related to the extraction electrode angle. The greater the angle, the more the beam converges. We had studied experimentally this effect with a compact size penning ion source. The detailed comparison among the different extraction geometry and different electrode angle are discussed in this paper.
authors.affiliation: Energetics and Electromagnetic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Bhat, Near Indira Bridge, Gandhinagar 382428, India. basanta@ipr.res.in
authors.forename: Basanta Kumar
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shyam