title: The transcription factor LMO2 is a robust marker of vascular endothelium and vascular neoplasms and selected other entities.
abstract: The transcription factor LMO2 is involved in vascular and hematopoietic development and hematolymphoid neoplasia. We have demonstrated that LMO2 is expressed nearly ubiquitously in native and neoplastic vasculature, including lymphatics. LMO2 reactivity is otherwise virtually absent in nonhematolymphoid tissues except in breast myoepithelium, prostatic basal cells, and secretory phase endometrial glands. Vasculature is LMO2- in adult and fetal heart, brain of older adults, hepatic sinusoids, and hepatocellular carcinoma. LMO2 is uniformly expressed in benign vascular and lymphatic neoplasms and in most malignant vascular neoplasms with the exception of epithelioid vascular neoplasms of pleura and bone. Among nonvascular neoplasms, LMO2 reactivity is present in giant cell tumor of tendon sheath, juvenile xanthogranuloma, a subset of gastrointestinal stromal tumors, small round blue cell tumors, and myoepithelial-derived neoplasms. The restricted expression pattern, nuclear localization, and crisp staining of LMO2 in paraffin blocks make it an attractive candidate for the diagnostic immunohistochemistry laboratory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5324, USA.
authors.forename: Dita
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gratzinger
authors.forename: Shuchun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Robert V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Rouse
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Elena Cubedo
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Izidore S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Lossos
authors.forename: Yasodha
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Natkunam
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D008297:Male; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009383:Neoplasms, Vascular Tissue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; C085117:LMO2 protein, human; D008667:Metalloproteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins