Oculogyric crisis with exacerbation of psychosis: Possible mechanism and clinical implications.
Oculogyric crisis is a distressing acute/chronic side effect of neuroleptic medications. Chronic oculogyric crisis can be considered as a tardive hyperkinetic movement disorder and it may be associated with worsening of psychotic symptoms. Treatment strategies for chronic oculogyric crisis include; high potency antipsychotics and anticholinergics drugs for immediate relief and clozapine as a long-term treatment strategy. Here we are presenting case histories of four patients with oculogyric crisis and associated worsening of psychosis, its possible etiology and various treatment strategies.
Thomas
Naveen
N
Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Bagayam, Vellore 632 002, Tamil Nadu, India. naveenlinda2002@yahoo.co.in
Sankar
Shyam Sundar Gopi
SS
Braganza
Deepa
D
Jayakrishnan
S
S
D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003024:Clozapine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018756:GABA Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011605:Psychoses, Substance-Induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D018756:GABA Antagonists; D003024:Clozapine