title: Biometric morphing: a novel technique for the analysis of morphologic outcomes after facial surgery.
abstract: The results of facial surgery are intuitively judged in terms of the visible changes in facial features or proportions. However, describing these morphologic outcomes objectively remains a challenge. Biometric morphing addresses this issue by merging statistical shape analysis and image processing. This study describes the implementation of biometric morphing in describing the average morphologic result of facial surgery. The biometric morphing protocol was applied to pre- and postoperative images of the following: (1) 40 dorsal hump reduction rhinoplasties and (2) 20 unilateral enophthalmos repairs. Pre- and postoperative average images (average morphs) were generated. The average morphs provided an objective rendering of nasal and periorbital morphology, which summarized the average features and extent of deformity in a population of patients. Subtle alterations in morphology after surgery, which would otherwise be difficult to identify or demonstrate, were clearly illustrated. Biometric morphing is an effective instrument for describing average facial morphology in a population of patients.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Markian A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pahuta
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Mainprize
authors.forename: F James
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Rohlf
authors.forename: Oleh M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Antonyshyn
mesh_terms: D001699:Biometry / Q000379:methods*; D015841:Enophthalmos / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome