title: A 15-minute interactive, computerized condom use intervention with biological endpoints.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brief face-to-face-behavioral interventions have been shown to be efficacious, but are costly to sustain and to widely disseminate. This study evaluated the efficacy of a 15-minute theory-based behavioral intervention designed to increase condom use and reduce new cases of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were randomly assigned via the computer to the intervention or the comparison group stratified by gender and their baseline stage of change (motivational readiness) for using condoms consistently (100%) with their main partners. Behavioral data and biologic specimens for testing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis were obtained at baseline and at 6 months post intervention. The intervention was delivered via an audio, multimedia, computerized application that provided individualized interventions to patients based on their responses to assessment items; comparison patients interacted with a 15-minute, computerized, multiple health risk assessment with no intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the sample (N = 430) was black (88%); 54.5% women; with a mean age = 24.5. Assuming all participants who did not return to the clinic at 6 months were not using condoms consistently, 32% of the treatment group versus 23% in the comparison group reported consistent condom use (P = 0.03). The combined Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis incidence declined to 6% in the intervention group versus 13% in the comparison group (P = 0.04). Results from a regression analysis revealed that the only statically significant predictor of sexually transmitted diseases infection at the follow-up was group assignment (OR = 1.91, 95% confidence index = 1.09-3.34; P = 0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that brief, interactive, computer-delivered interventions provided at the evaluation visit increase condom use and reduce sexually transmitted diseases without putting additional burden on clinicians or staff.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Behavior, School of Public Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA. dgrimley@uab.edu
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Grimley
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Hook
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D003201:Computers; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D015231:Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult