title: Clinical trial: protective effect of a commercial fish protein hydrolysate against indomethacin (NSAID)-induced small intestinal injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A partially hydrolysed and dried product of pacific whiting fish is marketed as a health food supplement supporting 'intestinal health'.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether the partially hydrolysed and dried product of pacific whiting fish influenced the small intestinal damaging side effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight human volunteers completed a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover protocol of clinically relevant dose of indomethacin (50 mg t.d.s. p.o. for 5 days) with 7 days of fish hydrolysate or placebo starting 2 days prior to indomethacin. Changes in gut permeability were assessed using 5 h urinary lactulose:rhamnose (L/R) ratios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fish hydrolysate given alone did not affect permeability. In the main study (n = 8), baseline values were similar for both arms (0.28 +/- 0.05 and 0.35 +/- 0.07). Administration of indomethacin (+placebo) caused a fivefold rise in L/R ratios (increasing to 1.54 +/- 0.35), whereas L/R ratios in the same subjects ingesting indomethacin + fish hydrolysate was only 0.59 +/- 0.14 (P < 0.01 vs. indomethacin alone). Dyspeptic symptoms occurred in four of eight subjects taking indomethacin alone, but zero of eight when hydrolysate was co-administered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Natural bioactive products (nutriceuticals), such as fish hydrolysates, may provide a novel approach to the prevention and treatment of NSAID-induced and other gastrointestinal injurious conditions.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Gastroenterology, Institute of Cell and Molecular Science, Barts & The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marchbank
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Limdi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elia
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Playford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D029941:Fish Proteins; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D007792:Lactulose / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D010919:Placebos; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012210:Rhamnose / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D029941:Fish Proteins; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D010919:Placebos; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D007792:Lactulose; D012210:Rhamnose; D007213:Indomethacin