title: Preparation for invasive pit and fissure sealing: air-abrasion or bur?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of different air-abrasion devices on substance loss on flattened enamel, preparation extent, and microleakage of invasive pit and fissure sealings.
  
  
  METHODS
  150 freshly extracted caries-free human third molars were used. 60 teeth (n = 10) were embedded, enamel surfaces were polished to #1200, and six air abrasion devices abraded specimens for 5 seconds. Substance loss was profilometrically recorded as maximum and mean width, and maximum and mean depth. From 90 intact teeth (n = 10), fissures were enlarged by air abrasion (Rondoflex 27 microm/50 microm, Airsonic Mini Sandblaster, CoJet Prep, PrepStart, Primus CPE), or treated with a diamond bur (De Craene), or using a metal bur (Fissurotomy Micro NTF), or with oscillating diamond tips (SONICSeal). Prepared fissures were etched and rinsed and sealed with a light-curing sealant (Helioseal). After four weeks water storage and subsequent 2,000 thermocycles (5 degrees C/55 degrees C), microleakage was assessed with 5% methylene blue for 3 minutes at 30G on cross cuts at x40 magnification. Furthermore the parameters upper fissure width, prepared and unprepared area, penetration depth of the sealer, and area of voids were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For substance loss on flattened enamel, CoJet Prep and Mini Sandblaster revealed the widest abrasion areas, PrepStart produced the deepest craters (P < 0.05). Regarding preparation characteristics, rotary burs and PrepStart caused significantly less substance loss than the other devices (P < 0.05). Due to the etch&rinse approach, microleakage was generally minimal. Only after air abrasion with Rondoflex (50 microm) significantly less complete sealings were recorded (P < 0.05).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University Medical Center Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Franklin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García-Godoy
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lohbauer
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Assmann
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frankenberger
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003775:Dental Polishing; D018130:Diamond / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008751:Methylene Blue; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; D014867:Water; C059908:Helioseal; D018130:Diamond; D008751:Methylene Blue