title: Swallowing in children with neurologic disorders: clinical and videofluoroscopic evaluations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  swallowing in children with neurologic disorders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to relate the data obtained in the clinical and in the videofluoroscopic evaluations of swallowing in children with neurologic disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  a retrospective analysis of 24 protocols of speech-language evaluation and of medical records of children, of both genders, referred to clinical and videofluoroscopic evaluations of swallowing at the School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, from January 2001 to June 2005. The following aspects were analyzed in the clinical evaluation: diet consistency, functional aspects of the swallowing mechanism and results of the cervical auscultation. Videofluoroscopic evaluation was performed to determine the dynamic aspects of the oral and pharyngeal phases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  during the clinical evaluation of the oral phase, for both liquid and pasty consistencies, a greater occurrence of inadequate bolus control was observed (n = 15 e n = 14, respectively). In the pharyngeal phase, also for both consistencies, an adequate cervical auscultate was more frequently observed before swallowing (n = 16 e n = 13) followed by the inadequate cervical auscultation during swallowing (n = 15 e n = 12). In the videofluoroscopic evaluation, during the oral phase, for both consistencies, the presence of inadequate food propulsion was the most frequent finding (n = 13 e n = 13) and, in the pharyngeal phase, the most frequent finding was the absence of laryngotracheal aspiration (n = 12 e n = 17). There was a statistically significant correlation between the cervical auscultate and the excursion of the hyoid and the larynx, and between the cervical auscultate and laryngotracheal aspiration of liquid and pasty consistencies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  both procedures are important and complementary in the diagnosis of dysphagia.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo. jmarrara@sel.eesc.usp.br
authors.forename: Jamille Lays
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Marrara
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Duca
authors.forename: Roberto Oliveira
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Dantas
authors.forename: Luciana Vitaliano Voi
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Trawitzki
authors.forename: Raquel Aparecida Cardozo de
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: José Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010614:Pharynx / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014743:Videotape Recording