title: The safety of PolyGlycopleX (PGX) as shown in a 90-day rodent feeding study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was designed to evaluate the safety of PolyGlycopleX (PGX), a novel viscous dietary polysaccharide (fiber), when administered to Sprague Dawley(R) rats in the diet for 90 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  Groups of ten male and ten female rats each consumed PGX mixed in the diet at levels of 0, 1.25, 2.5 or 5.0% for 90 days, then evaluated for toxicological effects on parameters that included neuromotor activity, body weight, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, hematology, and histopathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean body weight, mean feed consumption and food efficiency in the treated groups were generally comparable to controls for both male and female rats. No changes were noted in neuromotor behavior, and histopathological analysis revealed no significant changes between treated and control animals. There were no differences in mean organ weight, organ-to-body weight or organ-to-brain weight values between controls and treated animals. Decreased red blood cell count occurred in the high dose males and increases in aspartate and alanine aminotransferase enzyme levels and triglycerides, while significant decreases in serum sodium, potassium and chloride concentrations were observed in the females fed 5.0% PGX. However, the decreased mineral concentrations may be the result of significantly increased urinary volume in both males and females at the high dose, with a concomitant decrease in urinary specific gravity (males and females) and protein concentration (females). These results were within historical control values, did not correlate with any histopathological changes, and were not considered adverse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for PGX at 5.0% of the diet, corresponding to an average daily intake of 3219 and 3799 mg/kg bw/day in male and female rats, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Burdock Group, Orlando, FL 32801 USA. rmatulka@burdockgroup.com
authors.forename: Ray A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Matulka
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Palma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ann Marone
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Merkel
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Burdock
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic; D016482:Urinalysis; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D011134:Polysaccharides