title: Apartheid in deaf education: examining workforce diversity.
abstract: A survey of 3,227 professionals in 313 deaf education programs found that 22.0% of teachers and 14.5% of administrators were deaf--a less than 10% increase in deaf professionals since 1993. Additionally, 21.7% of teachers and 6.1% of administrators were professionals of color. Of these minority teachers, only 2.5% were deaf persons of color. Only 3 deaf administrators of color were identified. The study describes how "apartheid" or "intellectual oppression" may result from unchanged hiring practices in K-12 programs for the deaf and in postsecondary institutions. Using a bottle metaphor, the researchers describe how deaf persons of color are often stuck in "a bottleneck on the highway to opportunity." Relevant data underscore that the field of deaf education must diversify its professional force in order to utilize the intellectual, linguistic, and multicultural proficiencies of hearing teachers of color, deaf teachers, and deaf teachers of color.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Programs in Deaf Education, Gallaudet University, Washington, DC, USA.
authors.forename: Laurene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Simms
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rusher
authors.forename: Jean F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coryell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D003638:Deafness / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004519:Education, Special; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011287:Prejudice; D012050:Rehabilitation, Vocational; D013192:Staff Development; D014481:United States; D000078329:Workforce