title: Severe postvaccinia encephalitis with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: recovery with early intravenous immunoglobulin, high-dose steroids, and vaccinia immunoglobulin.
abstract: We report the second case of severe postvaccinial encephalitis with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis since smallpox vaccination was reintroduced in 2002. Both affected patients responded dramatically with early intervention of intravenous immunoglobulin. Our patient, who also received concurrent vaccinia immunoglobulin and corticosteroids, demonstrated full recovery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina Area Health Education Centers Program, Moses Cone Hospital, Greensboro, NC 27401-1020, USA. kvandam@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: Cornelius N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Van Dam
authors.forename: Samina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Eron
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ostrander
authors.forename: Renata J M
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Engler
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Damon
authors.forename: Jay R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Suxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Adaora A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adimora
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruone
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004673:Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014615:Vaccinia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine; D013256:Steroids