title: Hepatocyte growth factor treatment improves alveolarization in a newborn murine model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is thought to be one form of developmental arrest of the lung. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) participates in normal lung growth and in lung regeneration.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to investigate whether HGF can improve alveolarization and attenuates functional abnormalities of a murine model of BPD induced by hyperoxia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-day-old CD-1 mice were exposed to 90% of oxygen or room air (control group) for 7 days. These animals were then kept in room air for the next 7 days. Recombinant human (rh) HGF (100 microg/g b.w., divided 3 times, rhHGF group) or vehicle (vehicle group) was administered intraperitoneally during hyperoxia. On day 17, the pulmonary function test and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) were examined. Mean linear intercepts (MLI) were measured as parameters of alveolarization. Cell renewal (on day 10) and vascularization of the lung were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exposure to hyperoxia induced increased airway resistance and BHR. These animals showed a severely simplified alveolar structure, increased MLI, decreased cell renewal (16.1 +/- 2.4 vs. 29.6 +/- 2.4%, p < 0.05), and decreased vascularization (15.1 +/- 0.3 vs. 18.4 +/- 1.5 vessels/hpf, p < 0.05, vehicle vs. control group, respectively). rhHGF treatment during exposure to hyperoxia significantly reduced all of these changes (27.9 +/- 1.7%, 18.2 +/- 0.5 vessels/hpf for cell renewal and vascularization, respectively; all values are p < 0.05 against vehicle animals).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HGF partially protects against the inhibition of alveolarization and improves functional abnormality in the hyperoxia-induced neonatal mice model of BPD.
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Care Center, Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan. yohki@med.gunma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohki
authors.forename: Hiroo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mayuzumi
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokuyama
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000502:physiology*; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor