title: Effects of topical mitomycin and trimetazidine on myringosclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myringosclerosis, one of the most common complications of ventilation tube placement, is a kind of tympanosclerosis and is defined as subepithelial hyalinization of the tympanic membrane. There are two arguments in the development of myringosclerosis: inflammation triggering the development of myringosclerosis and free oxygen radicals released during inflammation causing myringosclerosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to explore the effects on the development of myringosclerosis of mitomycin, which has anti-inflammatory effects, and trimetazidine, which is believed to inhibit free oxygen radicals when given systemically.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out on rabbits. Animals were divided into five groups, with six rabbits in each group: three control groups (paracentesis only, paracentesis+tube placement, and no intervention), a trimetazidine group, and a mitomycin group. Mitomycin (0.4 mg/mL) and trimetazidine (20 mg/mL) were applied topically to the tympanic membrane, and the presence and degree of sclerosis were graded histopathologically after Masson's trichrome staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the histopathologic examination, sclerosis that developed in the tympanic membranes of rabbits that had undergone paracentesis or paracentesis plus tube application or received trimetazidine was significantly more extensive than sclerosis in the membranes of unoperated animals and those that had been administered mitomycin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Paracentesis in rabbits, independent of tube placement, causes sclerosis of the tympanic membrane. Results show that topical use of mitomycin, due to its anti-inflammatory effect, had alleviating effects on myringosclerosis, whereas topical trimetazidine did not.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cankaya
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kösem
authors.forename: Faruk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kiroglu
authors.forename: Muzaffer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiris
authors.forename: Köksal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuca
authors.forename: Gürkan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Oztürk
authors.forename: Haluk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dülger
authors.forename: Ender
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erdogan
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019152:Paracentesis; D011817:Rabbits; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014292:Trimetazidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000473:pathology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D016685:Mitomycin; D014292:Trimetazidine