title: Adequacy of diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure in primary health care in Sweden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We performed an observational multicentre study to obtain information of the diagnostic tools and treatments currently used in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in primary health care (PHC) in Sweden. Data were collected from 2093 patients in 158 randomly selected PHC centres.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 79 years. The dominating aetiology of HF was hypertension and/or ischaemic heart disease. Diagnosis was based on symptoms and/or ECG and/or chest X-ray in 69% of the patients. Treatment with a renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blocker was ongoing in 74% of the patients, but only 37% had > or = 50% of the recommended target dose. In 68%, treatment with a beta-blocker (BB) was present, but only 31% had > or = 50% of the recommended target dose. Only 42% of the patients were on treatment with an RAS blocker and a BB and only 20% had > or = 50% of the recommended target dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diagnostic criteria for CHF according to the European Society of Cardiology were fulfilled in only approximately 30% of the patients. In addition, evidenced-based treatments to reduce morbidity and mortality were markedly underused, particularly regarding dosing. Our findings may reflect the patients' high age and the presence of important co-morbidities.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Cardiology Linköping, Sweden. ulf.dahlstrom@lio.se
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dahlstrom
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hakansson
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Swedberg
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Waldenstrom
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013548:Sweden