title: Study on membrane fouling of submerged membrane bioreactor in treating bathing wastewater.
abstract: A pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactor (MBR) was used to treat the bathing wastewater for more than 90 d. Several factors affecting membrane fouling were studied, including the variation in transmembrane pressure (TMP), changes in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), and distribution of membrane resistance (R). The relationships between R and EPS concentration were found to be R = 0.00008 (EPS(S)) 2915 in the mixed liquor (EPS(S)) and R = 0.2853 (EPSm)--0.824 on the membrane surface (EPSm). The constant resistance of the clean membrane (Rm), the resistance due to concentration polarization (Rp), the cake layer resistance (Rc), and the resistance due to pore blocking (Ri), were 0.006%, 20.15%, 54.13%, and 25.72% of R, respectively. The results indicated that R had the greatest contribution to the total membrane resistance. The obtained membrane resistance model was R(t) = 4.609 x 10(8) (1 + 0.01t)0.5. Molecular-based methods (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH)) were used to study the bacteria attached on the membrane. The 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis suggested that certain phylogenetic group of bacteria, for example, Pseudomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp., might have contributed to the formation of membrane on biofilms.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. gjf01398@163.com
authors.forename: Jifeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Siqing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Rongchang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jianfu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001483:Base Sequence; D001494:Baths; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D019149:Bioreactors; D005374:Filtration; D007101:Immersion; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011312:Pressure; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D012722:Sewage