title: Mechanisms for increased myocardial fatty acid utilization following short-term high-fat feeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diet-induced obesity is associated with increased myocardial fatty acid (FA) utilization, insulin resistance, and cardiac dysfunction. The study was designed to test the hypothesis that impaired glucose utilization accounts for initial changes in FA metabolism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten-week-old C57BL6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD, 45% calories from fat) or normal chow (4% calories from fat). Cardiac function and substrate metabolism in isolated working hearts, glucose uptake in isolated cardiomyocytes, mitochondrial function, insulin-stimulated protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) and Akt substrate (AS-160) phosphorylation, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, and mRNA levels for metabolic genes were determined after 2 or 5 weeks of HFD. Two weeks of HFD reduced basal rates of glycolysis and glucose oxidation and prevented insulin stimulation of glycolysis in hearts and reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in cardiomyocytes. Insulin-stimulated Akt/PKB and AS-160 phosphorylation were preserved, and PDH activity was unchanged. GLUT4 content was reduced by 55% and GLUT4 translocation was significantly attenuated. HFD increased FA oxidation rates and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2), which could not be accounted for by mitochondrial uncoupling or by increased expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) target genes, which increased only after 5 weeks of HFD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rates of myocardial glucose utilization are altered early in the course of HFD because of reduced GLUT4 content and GLUT4 translocation despite normal insulin signalling to Akt/PKB and AS-160. The reciprocal increase in FA utilization is not due to PPAR-alpha-mediated signalling or mitochondrial uncoupling. Thus, the initial increase in myocardial FA utilization in response to HFD likely results from impaired glucose transport that precedes impaired insulin signalling.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes and Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, 15 N 2030 East, Bldg 533, Rm 3110B, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Jordan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Jaetaek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: Sihem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boudina
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sena
authors.forename: Kyriaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bakirtzi
authors.forename: Olesya
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ilkun
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Theobald
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Cooksey
authors.forename: Kostantin V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Kandror
authors.forename: E Dale
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Abel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007328:Insulin; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; C495693:Slc2a4 protein, mouse; D005947:Glucose