title: Two host factors regulate persistence of H7-specific T cells injected in tumor-bearing mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Injection of CD8 T cells primed against immunodominant minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHA) such as H7(a) can eradicate leukemia and solid tumors. To understand why MiHA-targeted T cells have such a potent antitumor effect it is essential to evaluate their in vivo behavior. In the present work, we therefore addressed two specific questions: what is the proliferative dynamics of H7(a)-specifc T cells in tumors, and do H7(a)-specific T cells persist long-term after adoptive transfer?
  
  
  RESULTS
  By day 3 after adoptive transfer, we observed a selective infiltration of melanomas by anti-H7(a) T cells. Over the next five days, anti-H7(a) T cells expanded massively in the tumor but not in the spleen. Thus, by day 8 after injection, anti-H7(a) T cells in the tumor had undergone more cell divisions than those in the spleen. These data strongly suggest that anti-H7(a) T cells proliferate preferentially and extensively in the tumors. We also found that two host factors regulated long-term persistence of anti-H7(a) memory T cells: thymic function and expression of H7(a) by host cells. On day 100, anti-H7(a) memory T cells were abundant in euthymic H7(a)-negative (B10.H7(b)) mice, present in low numbers in thymectomized H7(a)-positive (B10) hosts, and undetectable in euthymic H7(a)-positive recipients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although in general the tumor environment is not propitious to T-cell invasion and expansion, the present work shows that this limitation may be overcome by adoptive transfer of primed CD8 T cells targeted to an immunodominant MiHA (here H7(a)). At least in some cases, prolonged persistence of adoptively transferred T cells may be valuable for prevention of late cancer relapse in adoptive hosts. Our findings therefore suggest that it may be advantageous to target MiHAs with a restricted tissue distribution in order to promote persistence of memory T cells and thereby minimize the risk of cancer recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Meunier
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perreault
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation; D013935:Thymic Factor, Circulating / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D013935:Thymic Factor, Circulating