title: Application of automatic speech recognition to quantitative assessment of tracheoesophageal speech with different signal quality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tracheoesophageal voice is state-of-the-art in voice rehabilitation after laryngectomy. Intelligibility on a telephone is an important evaluation criterion as it is a crucial part of social life. An objective measure of intelligibility when talking on a telephone is desirable in the field of postlaryngectomy speech therapy and its evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based upon successful earlier studies with broadband speech, an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system was applied to 41 recordings of postlaryngectomy patients. Recordings were available in different signal qualities; quality was the crucial criterion for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the intelligibility rating of 5 human experts, the ASR system had a correlation coefficient of r = -0.87 and Krippendorff's alpha of 0.65 when broadband speech was processed. The rater group alone achieved alpha = 0.66. With the test recordings in telephone quality, the system reached r = -0.79 and alpha = 0.67.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For medical purposes, a comprehensive diagnostic approach to (substitute) voice has to cover both subjective and objective tests. An automatic recognition system such as the one proposed in this study can be used for objective intelligibility rating with results comparable to those of human experts. This holds for broadband speech as well as for automatic evaluation via telephone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. Tino.Haderlein@informatik.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: Tino
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haderlein
authors.forename: Korbinian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Riedhammer
authors.forename: Elmar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nöth
authors.forename: Hikmet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toy
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eysholdt
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hornegger
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rosanowski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001330:Electronic Data Processing / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013065:Speech Intelligibility; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D049250:Speech Recognition Software; D013071:Speech, Alaryngeal; D013689:Telephone