title: High incidence of optic canal involvement in tuberculum sellae meningiomas: rationale for aggressive skull base approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current literature on TSMs underemphasizes the significance of OCI by the tumor. In this study, we aimed to document the incidence of OCI, its management using a SBT, and its significance with relation to the visual outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one patients with TSM were retrospectively analyzed. In 28 patients, SBT consisting of extradural anterior clinoidectomy with falciform ligament and optic nerve sheath opening was performed. Pre- and postoperative visual status was analyzed with respect to OCI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidences of OCI and preoperative visual deficit (VD) were 77.4% and 83.8%, respectively. With regard to preoperative visual status, OCI incidence was 84.6% in 26 patients with VD compared to 40% in 5 patients without (P = .016). Among the 23 patients with VD and detailed postoperative neuroopthalmologic evaluation, 78.3% had visual improvement; and in 21.7%, vision was unchanged on the operated side. In one patient (3.2% in the whole series), vision deteriorated on the side contralateral to the side of surgery. In the presence of OCI in 20 patients, vision improved in 80% and remained unchanged in 20%, whereas 1 of the 3 patients without OCI improved and the other 2 remained unchanged. Simpson grade I or II resection was achieved in 83.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Optic canal involvement is very common in TSM (77.4%), and it correlates well with preoperative visual status. With the use of SBT, without which the tumor in the optic canal could not have been removed completely and safely, visual improvement of 78.3% and stability of 21.7% were achieved on the operated side.
authors.affiliation: Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sade
authors.forename: Joung H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D008579:Meningioma / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D009408:Nerve Compression Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012658:Sella Turcica; D019291:Skull Base / Q000601:surgery; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology