title: Elevation of plasma granzyme B levels after acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apoptosis is reported to play an important role in left ventricular (LV) remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Granzyme B is a member of the serine esterase family, which has an important role in cellular apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 33 patients with a first-onset AMI treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (mean age: 61.4+/-8.7 years old) on days 1, 7 and 14 after onset. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, a soluble form of the Fas ligand (sFasL), and granzyme B were measured. TIMI grade 3 recanalization was accomplished in all patients within 12 h after onset. The LV end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI) was calculated on day 1 and at 6 months after onset. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha, sFasL and granzyme B increased significantly on days 7 and 14 after onset of AMI. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that the plasma granzyme B level on day 14 is a significant explanatory variable for changes in the LVEDVI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma levels of granzyme B increased after AMI, which might be an important factor in the progression of late LV remodeling after AMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hojo
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsuru
authors.forename: Yoshioki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Tomokazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikemoto
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katsuki
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yashiro
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000473:pathology; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D053804:Granzymes / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D053804:Granzymes