title: Depletion of passenger leukocytes from corneal grafts: an effective means of promoting transplant survival?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and compare effective strategies for depleting graft-derived passenger leukocytes that include antigen-presenting cells from corneal buttons and to assess the effectiveness of this strategy in promoting graft survival using a high-risk (HR) model of corneal transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Corneal buttons harvested from C57BL/6 mice were used in three ex vivo strategies of passenger leukocyte depletion. Two strategies involved storage in medium at different temperatures for prolonged periods. A third strategy used complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) by treating the buttons with anti-CD45 mAb plus complement. Wholemount corneal buttons or cells from enzyme-digested corneas were analyzed using confocal microscopy or flow cytometry, respectively, for the pan-leukocyte surface marker CD45. HR host beds were created and used to evaluate the efficacy of passenger leukocyte depletion on transplant survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Passenger leukocyte numbers in the buttons were significantly reduced by all three treatments. CDC was the most efficient strategy for passenger leukocyte depletion with 39% reduction (P < 0.00005) of CD45(+) cells, and negligible damage to the endothelial layer, achievable within 24 hours. However, passenger leukocyte depletion failed to improve HR graft longevity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anti-CD45 antibody plus complement-mediated targeting of donor tissue is the most efficient way to deplete corneal passenger leukocytes and can considerably reduce the time required for cell depletion. However, depletion of graft passenger leukocytes does not have a significant effect on promoting graft survival even in the HR setting.
authors.affiliation: Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Xian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Linling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Saban
authors.forename: Sunil K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology; D002452:Cell Count; D003315:Cornea / Q000276:immunology*; D016039:Corneal Transplantation; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C569043:Tjp1 protein, mouse; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; C516770:Ptprc protein, mouse