title: Proinflammation and hypertension: a population-based study.
abstract: There is evidence that proinflammation may be linked to the development of hypertension (HT). We examined the association of both the interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and the interleukin 1-receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) with future blood pressure (BP) and HT occurrence (BP >or= 140/90 mmHg, or antihypertensive drug) in a population-based prospective study. Our study consisted of 396 (147 men and 249 women) middle-aged, baseline apparently healthy, normotensive subjects participating in a 6.5-year follow-up study. Subjects with high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) < 10 mg/L were excluded at the initial visit. At follow-up, the occurrence of HT was 32%. The levels of baseline IL-1beta and IL-1ra were significantly higher for subjects who developed HT during the follow-up than for those who did not (IL-1beta; 0.67 +/- 0.62 pg/mL versus 0.56 +/- 0.32 pg/mL, P = .020 and IL-1ra; 184 +/- 132 pg/mL versus 154 +/- 89 pg/mL, P = .007). After adjustments for age, follow-up time, sex, baseline systolic BP, and BMI, our results confirm a statistically significant (P = .036) linear association between the quartiles of IL-1beta and change of systolic BP during the study. After adjustments for age, follow-up time, sex, and BMI, our results also show a linear association between incident HT and the quartiles of IL-1ra. (P = .026). These results provide evidence that proinflammation may precede BP elevation and HT.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Family Practice, Central Hospital of Middle Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland. mauno.vanhala@ksshp.fi
authors.forename: Vanhala
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mauno
authors.forename: Kautiainen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hannu
authors.forename: Kumpusalo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Esko
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta