The role of IGF-1R in pediatric malignancies.
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family consists of ligands (IGF-I, IGF-II, insulin), several receptors (including IGF-1R), and six binding proteins (IGFBP-1 through IGFBP-6). Members of this family regulate key cellular activities and they also play an important role in the development and progression of both adult and childhood cancers. Binding of a ligand to the receptor leads to its activation, followed by signal transduction along several pathways. In some childhood malignancies, IGF-1R can be activated by endocrine, autocrine, or paracrine mechanisms. Although mutations in IGF-1R have not been identified, this signaling pathway is upregulated in many childhood cancers. These findings have led to the development of a host of IGF-1R signaling modulators that are currently being tested in clinical trials. This review explores the role of IGF-1R in a range of childhood malignancies.
Kim
Su Young
SY
Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. kimsuyou@mail.nih.gov
Toretsky
Jeffrey A
JA
Scher
Daniel
D
Helman
Lee J
LJ
D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1