title: Clinical course and outcome of disseminated intravascular coagulation diagnosed by Japanese Association for Acute Medicine criteria. Comparison between sepsis and trauma.
abstract: The Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) study group recently announced new diagnostic criteria for DIC. These criteria have been prospectively validated and demonstrated to progress to overt DIC as defined by the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH). Although an underlying condition is essential for the development of DIC, it has never been clarified if patients with different underlying disorders have a similar course. Among 329 patients with DIC diagnosed by the JAAM criteria, those with underlying sepsis (n = 98) or trauma (n = 95) were compared. The 28-day mortality rate was significantly higher in sepsis patients than trauma patients (34.7% vs. 10.5%, p < 0.0001). Within three days of fulfilling the JAAM criteria, sepsis patients had a lower platelet count, higher prothrombin time ratio, higher systemic inflammatory response syndrome score, and higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score compared with trauma patients. On day 3, a significantly higher percentage of trauma patients than sepsis patients showed improvement of DIC (64.2% vs. 30.6%, p < 0.001). These differences were mainly due to patients with lower JAAM DIC scores. More than 50% of the JAAM DIC patients with sepsis who died within 28 days could not be detected by ISTH DIC criteria during the initial three days. In contrast, most trauma patients who died within 28 days had DIC simultaneously diagnosed by JAAM and ISTH criteria, except for those with brain death. These findings suggest that coagulation abnormalities, organ dysfunction, and the outcome of JAAM DIC differ between patients with sepsis and trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan. kussie@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kushimoto
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gando
authors.forename: Daizoh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mayumi
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koseki
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikura
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iba
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueyama
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otomo
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Shigeatsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimazaki
mesh_terms: D001777:Blood Coagulation; D016638:Critical Illness; D018450:Disease Progression; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007564:Japan; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy