title: Reported beverage consumed and alcohol-related diseases among male hospital inpatients with problem drinking.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine if problem drinkers have varying risks of having alcohol-related diseases according to their reported beverage consumed.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional study all consecutive inpatients aged 18- 64 years from four general hospitals of one catchment area were systematically screened for alcohol use. A total of 1011 men with problem drinking were used for this study. Routine treatment diagnoses for all participants were provided by hospital physicians and were classified into three categories according to their alcohol-attributable fractions (AAF; AAF = 0; AAF < 1; AAF = 1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to their reported beverage consumed, 53.0% of the participants were identified as exclusively beer drinkers, 14.1% exclusively spirits drinkers, 26.0% mixed beer and spirits drinkers and 6.9% individuals drinking wine exclusively or in combination with one or two other beverages (mixed wine drinkers). Compared to spirits drinkers and controlling for possible confounders (i.e. alcohol-associated characteristics, demographic variables), multinomial regressions revealed that beer drinkers, mixed beer and spirits drinkers, and mixed wine drinkers had lower odds of having diseases with AAF = 1 than spirits drinkers (e.g. for AAF = 1: beer versus spirits drinkers: OR = 0.42, CI: 0.25-0.72). Beer drinkers and mixed wine drinkers also had lower odds of having diseases with AAF < 1 than spirits drinkers (e.g. mixed wine versus spirits drinkers: OR = 0.36, CI: 0.18-0.72).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest an association between the reported beverage consumed and alcohol-related diseases. Among hospitalized problem drinkers, spirits drinkers had the greatest risk of having diseases with AAF < 1 and with AAF = 1.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany. coder@uni-greifswald.de
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Coder
authors.forename: Jennis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Freyer-Adam
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.forename: Hans-Jürgen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Rumpf
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Ulfert
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hapke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D001515:Beer; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014920:Wine; D055815:Young Adult