title: The orthodontist gave my patient a rapid maxillary expander and then a functional   appliance with a headgear component. The patient has achieved an outstanding result!   What biological mechanism allows these appliances to work?
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba. drjamesnoble@gmail.com
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Noble
authors.forename: Nicholas E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Karaiskos
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Wiltshire
mesh_terms: D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000502:physiology; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D006801:Humans; D008410:Masticatory Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique / Q000295:instrumentation*; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000502:physiology