title: Multifocal electroretinographic abnormalities in ethambutol-induced visual loss.
abstract: Two patients who developed decreased visual acuity after several months of ethambutol treatment for Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection had bitemporal visual field defects that suggested optic chiasm damage. Multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) disclosed markedly low-amplitude responses at fixation and in the regions corresponding to the visual field defects. These results suggested that the visual dysfunction might be entirely attributable to retinal rather than optic nerve toxicity. These are the first reported patients to show mfERG abnormalities that correspond to bitemporal visual field defects and add to the growing evidence that ethambutol damages the retina.
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Ophthalmology Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Marc J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Dinkin
authors.forename: John I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Loewenstein
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Dean M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Cestari
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004596:Electroretinography; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000188:drug therapy; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004977:Ethambutol