title: New target tissue for food-borne virus detection in oysters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the different tissues of naturally contaminated oyster for food-borne virus detection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The different tissues of 136 field oyster samples were analysed for norovirus (NV), hepatitis A virus (HAV) and rotavirus (RV) by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and were confirmed by sequencing. These viruses were detected in 20 samples (14.71%), showing positivity for NV (1.47%), HAV (5.15%) and RV (8.82%). Furthermore, among different tissues, the highest positive rate of the food-borne viruses was found in the gills (14.71%), followed by the stomach (13.97%) and the digestive diverticula (13.24%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The food-borne viruses were detected in the gills, stomach, digestive diverticula and the cilia of the mantle. In addition, the results showed that the gills are one of the appropriate tissues for viral detection in oysters by nucleic acid assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first paper to report on the presence of food-borne viruses in the gills and the cilia of the mantle of naturally contaminated oysters. The research team hopes that the results of the study will be of help in sampling the appropriate tissues for the detection of food-borne viruses in commercial oysters.
authors.affiliation: Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005880:Gills / Q000821:virology; D030041:Hepatitis A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D029322:Norovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010125:Ostreidae / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013270:Stomach / Q000821:virology; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D014776:Virus Cultivation / Q000379:methods; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral