title: Association and interactions between DNA repair gene polymorphisms and adult glioma.
abstract: It is generally accepted that glioma develops through accumulation of genetic alterations. We hypothesized that polymorphisms of candidate genes involved in the DNA repair pathways may contribute to susceptibility to glioma. To address this possibility, we conducted a study on 373 Caucasian glioma cases and 365 cancer-free Caucasian controls to assess associations between glioma risk and 18 functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms in DNA repair genes. We evaluated potential gene-gene and gene-environment interactions using a multianalytic strategy combining logistic regression, multifactor dimensionality reduction and classification and regression tree approaches. In the single-locus analysis, six single-nucleotide polymorphisms [ERCC1 3' untranslated region (UTR), XRCC1 R399Q, APEX1 E148D, PARP1 A762V, MGMT F84L, and LIG1 5'UTR] showed a significant association with glioma risk. In the analysis of cumulative genetic risk of multiple single-nucleotide polymorphisms, a significant gene-dosage effect was found for increased glioma risk with increasing numbers of adverse genotypes involving the aforementioned six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (P(trend) = 0.0004). Furthermore, the multifactor dimensionality reduction and classification and regression tree analyses identified MGMT F84L as the predominant risk factor for glioma and revealed strong interactions among ionizing radiation exposure, PARP1 A762V, MGMT F84L, and APEX1 E148D. Interestingly, the risk for glioma was dramatically increased in ionizing radiation exposure individuals who had the wild-type genotypes of MGMT F84L and PARP1 A762V (adjusted odds ratios, 5.95; 95% confidence intervals, 2.21-16.65). Taken together, these results suggest that polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may act individually or together to contribute to glioma risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Scheurer
authors.forename: Randa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: El-Zein
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Kim-Anh
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Kenneth D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Aldape
authors.forename: Qingyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Etzel
authors.forename: Melissa L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bondy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP; D011088:DNA Ligases / Q000235:genetics; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases / Q000235:genetics; D004260:DNA Repair; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C000607892:LIG1 protein, human; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; C515491:MGMT protein, human; C499320:PARP1 protein, human; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; C071447:ERCC1 protein, human; D004720:Endonucleases; C085108:APEX1 protein, human; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; D011088:DNA Ligases; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes; D000072481:DNA Ligase ATP