title: Characterization of bio-oil from induction-heating pyrolysis of food-processing sewage sludges using chromatographic analysis.
abstract: In this study, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze the pyrolytic bio-oils and gas fractions derived from the pyrolysis of industrial sewage sludges using induction-heating technique. The liquid products were obtained from the cryogenic condensation of the devolatilization fraction in a nitrogen atmosphere using a heating rate of 300 degrees C/min ranging from 25 to 500 degrees C. The analytical results showed that the pyrolysis bio-oils were very complex mixtures of organic compounds and contained a lot of nitrogenated and/or oxygenated compounds such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, phenols, pyridines, pyrroles, amines, ketones, and so on. These organic hydrocarbons containing nitrogen and/or oxygen should originate from the protein and nucleic acid textures of the microbial organisms present in the sewage sludge. The non-condensable devolatilization fractions were also composed of nitrogenated and oxygenated compounds, but contained small fractions of phenols, 1H-indoles, and fatty carboxylic acids. On the other hand, the compositions in the non-condensable gas products were principally carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane analyzed by gas chromatography-thermal conductivity detector (GC-TCD).
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Bioresources, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan. wttsai@mail.npust.edu.tw
authors.forename: Wen-Tien
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Mei-Kuei
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeng-Hung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ting-Yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Yuan-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D003246:Conservation of Energy Resources; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009821:Oils; D012722:Sewage