title: 20-HETE increases survival and decreases apoptosis in pulmonary arteries and pulmonary artery endothelial cells.
abstract: 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is an endogenous cytochrome P-450 product present in vascular smooth muscle and uniquely located in the vascular endothelium of pulmonary arteries (PAs). 20-HETE enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) production of bovine PA endothelial cells (BPAECs) in an NADPH oxidase-dependent manner and is postulated to promote angiogenesis via activation of this pathway in systemic vascular beds. We tested the capacity of 20-HETE or a stable analog of this compound, 20-hydroxy-eicosa-5(Z),14(Z)-dienoic acid, to enhance survival and protect against apoptosis in BPAECs stressed with serum starvation. 20-HETE produced a concentration-dependent increase in numbers of starved BPAECs and increased 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine incorporation. Caspase-3 activity, nuclear fragmentation studies, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays supported protection from apoptosis and enhanced survival of starved BPAECs treated with a single application of 20-HETE. Protection from apoptosis depended on intact NADPH oxidase, phosphatidylinositol 3 (PI3)-kinase, and ROS production. 20-HETE-stimulated ROS generation by BPAECs was blocked by inhibition of PI3-kinase or Akt activity. These data suggest 20-HETE-associated protection from apoptosis in BPAECs required activation of PI3-kinase and Akt and generation of ROS. 20-HETE also protected against apoptosis in BPAECs stressed by lipopolysaccharide, and in mouse PAs exposed to hypoxia reoxygenation ex vivo. In summary, 20-HETE may afford a survival advantage to BPAECs through activation of prosurvival PI3-kinase and Akt pathways, NADPH oxidase activation, and NADPH oxidase-derived superoxide.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W. Wisconsin Ave., Milwaukee WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Anuradha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dhanasekaran
authors.forename: Sreedhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bodiga
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gruenloh
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Laurel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Falck
authors.forename: J Noelle
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Buonaccorsi
authors.forename: Meetha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Medhora
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Jacobs
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D053148:Caspase 3; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000077191:Wortmannin; C494665:20-hydroxyeicosa-5(Z),14(Z)-dienoic acid; C055987:20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid