Robust ballistocardiogram acquisition for home monitoring.
The ballistocardiogram (BCG) measures the reaction of the body to cardiac ejection forces, and is an effective, non-invasive means of evaluating cardiovascular function. A simple, robust method is presented for acquiring high-quality, repeatable BCG signals from a modified, commercially available scale. The measured BCG waveforms for all subjects qualitatively matched values in the existing literature and physiologic expectations in terms of timing and IJ amplitude. Additionally, the BCG IJ amplitude was shown to be correlated with diastolic filling time for a subject with premature atrial contractions, demonstrating the sensitivity of the apparatus to beat-by-beat hemodynamic changes. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the BCG was estimated using two methods, and the average SNR over all subjects was greater than 12 for both estimates. The BCG measurement was shown to be repeatable over 50 recordings taken from the same subject over a three week period. This approach could allow patients at home to monitor trends in cardiovascular health.
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Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. omerie@stanford.edu
Etemadi
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Wiard
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Giovangrandi
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Kovacs
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D000328:Adult; D016477:Artifacts; D001450:Ballistocardiography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D010045:Outpatients; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014636:Valsalva Maneuver; D014894:Weights and Measures