title: Temperature-controlled exposure systems for investigating possible changes of retinal ganglion cell activity in response to high-frequency electromagnetic fields.
abstract: Two exposure systems were developed for the measurement of retinal ganglion cell responses to light under the influence of pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Exposure characteristics were determined numerically for the GSM standards (900/1,800 MHz) and the UMTS standard (1,966 MHz) with specific absorption rates, averaged over the region of interest, of 0.02, 0.2, 2 und 20 W kg(-1). Extracellular multi- and single unit recordings of light responses from several retinal ganglion cells per retina could be obtained in these exposure systems on a regular basis, using two recording electrodes simultaneously. With appropriate temperature control adjustment, maximal temperature deviations at exposure onset and offset were well below the range of +/-0.1 degrees C for all SAR values.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Malte T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ahlers
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bolz
authors.forename: Achim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahr
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ammermüller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D008027:Light; D051379:Mice; D011874:Radiometry; D012160:Retina / Q000528:radiation effects; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014785:Vision, Ocular