title: Fenestrated endovascular repair for juxtarenal aortic pathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the outcomes after fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (f-EVAR) in a tertiary European referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients treated with commercially available custom-made f-EVAR between September 2002 and June 2007 were prospectively enrolled in a computerized database including co-morbidities and aneurysm morphology. Patients were retrospectively analyzed. Follow-up consisted of clinical examinations and computed tomography (CT) scanning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 54 patients were included in this study. Median age was 72 (interquartile range [IQR] 68-76) years and 85% were men. Median preoperative aneurysm diameter was 60 (53-66) mm. One hundred thirty-four vessels were targeted (43 scallops, 91 fenestrations) and 96 stents were placed (69 bare, 27 covered). Target vessel catheterization was achieved in 98% of cases. Two patients (3.7%) died within 30 days, 1 from trash embolization and multiorgan failure and 1 from retroperitoneal bleeding caused by a renal artery perforation. Three type I endoleaks occurred intraoperatively, two sealed pre-discharge and one was treated with a Palmaz stent (Cordis, Miami Lakes, Fla) on postoperative day 4. Thirteen patients had type II endoleaks, and 2 required treatment. The median clinical follow-up was 25 (12-32) months with median CT follow-up of 22 (4-26) months. Aneurysm diameter decreased >or=5 mm in 47%, was unchanged in 50%, and increased >or=5 mm in 3% of patients at 1 year. There were three type II endoleaks at 1-year follow-up, one of which was successfully treated after 19 months due to aneurysm growth. Ninety-six percent of target vessels remained patent during the study period and all occlusions occurred within the first year of follow-up. Five target vessels occluded (2 renal arteries [RAs] and 3 superior mesenteric arteries [SMAs]) without symptoms during follow-up and successful reinterventions were done on 2 stenosed RAs. Three patients suffered creatinine increase but none needed dialysis. One late aneurysm-related death occurred due to massive bleeding during redo surgery for infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite complex anatomy or severe comorbidities in these patients f-EVAR has acceptable short- and midterm results in this series which includes a learning curve and offers a valid treatment alternative to patients unsuitable for standard EVAR or open repair.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Center Malmö-Lund, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden. thorark@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Thorarinn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kristmundsson
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sonesson
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malina
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Björses
authors.forename: Nuno
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Resch
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001027:Aortography / Q000379:methods; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D019992:Databases as Topic; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency