title: Progesterone receptor B recruits a repressor complex to a half-PRE site of the estrogen receptor alpha gene promoter.
abstract: In the present study, we demonstrate that elevated levels of the progesterone receptor (PR)-B isoform in breast cancer cells induces down-regulation of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha mRNA and protein content, causing concomitant repression of the estrogen-regulated genes insulin receptor substrate 1, cyclin D1, and pS2, addressing a specific effect of PR/PR-B on ERalpha gene transcription. ERalpha gene promoter activity was drastically inhibited by PR-B overexpression. Promoter analysis revealed a transcriptionally responsive region containing a half-progesterone response element (PRE) site located at -1757 bp to -1752 bp. Mutation of the half-PRE down-regulated the effect induced by PR/PR-B overexpression. Moreover chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses revealed an increase of PR bound to the ERalpha-regulatory region encompassing the half-PRE site, and the recruitment of a corepressor complex containing nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) but not silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptor and DAX1, concomitantly with hypoacetylation of histone H4 and displacement of RNA polymerase II. Furthermore, NCoR ablation studies demonstrated the crucial involvement of NCoR in the down-regulatory effects due to PR-B overexpression on ERalpha protein and mRNA. We also demonstrated that the ERalpha regulation observed in MCF-7 cells depended on PR-B expression because PR-B knockdown partially abrogates the feedback inhibition of ERalpha levels after estrogenic stimulus. Our study provides evidence for a mechanism by which overexpressed PR-B is able to actively repress ERalpha gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biology, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Amicis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zupo
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Panno
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malivindi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mauro
authors.forename: S A W
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Fuqua
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andò
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; C539127:NCOR1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C097314:progesterone receptor B; D011374:Progesterone