title: Gatifloxacin-based triple therapy as a third-line regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate the efficacy of gatifloxacin (GAT)-based triple therapy as a third-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication, according to the assessment of the susceptibility to GAT and gyrA mutation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen patients who had eradication failure following both clarithromycin-based triple therapy and metronidazole-based triple therapy, or who were infected with H. pylori isolates that were resistant to both clarithromycin and metronidazole after failure of clarithromycin-based triple therapy, were enrolled. These patients were randomly assigned to two groups: (i) rabeprazole and amoxicillin (RA) and (ii) rabeprazole, amoxicillin, and GAT for 7 days (RAG). The minimal inhibitory concentrations were determined by the agar dilution method. The gyrA gene was examined by sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The eradication rate was 0% in the RA group and 75% in the RAG group. The eradication rate in the RAG group was 100% in patients infected with GAT-susceptible bacteria and/or bacteria without gyrA mutations, but was only 33.3% in those infected with GAT-resistant bacteria or bacteria with gyrA mutations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although GAT may be a promising candidate for third-line therapy, its selection must be based on the results of drug susceptibility testing or gyrA analyses.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Tatsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaoka
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hibi
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D005838:Genotype; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D064750:Rabeprazole; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D008795:Metronidazole; D064750:Rabeprazole; D000658:Amoxicillin; D027081:DNA Gyrase; D017291:Clarithromycin; D000077734:Gatifloxacin