Analyzing variable behavioral contingencies: are certain complex skills homologous with locomotion?
This paper considers behavioral contingencies that change as a function of time, of the individual's own behavior (as in locomotion and reading), of the behavior of other parties or of interactions with them. A detailed analysis of locomotion and of reading out loud shows that the behavioral contingencies for these are virtually the same. The terrain being traversed and the locomotion behavior involved are shown to be analogous to a segment of text being read and the articulation of the words. In both cases, successive upcoming segments are perceived and processed, and during the processing phases, motor behavior is formulated. In both, the smooth concatenation of the motor phases for successive segments requires buffering. Both involve corrective or digressive actions in response to obstacles or unanticipated stimuli encountered. Both involve looking ahead at the upcoming segment and processing it while the motor phase of the prior segment is still in progress. For both, the size, entropy, familiarity, and other attributes of the upcoming segment are parameters of the performance. It is suggested that locomotion has similar parallels with certain other complex skills, such as listening, copying, receiving Morse code, simultaneous interpreting, and certain types of performance, and may therefore be their phylogenetic prototype and biological homologue.
Mechner
Francis
F
The Mechner Foundation, New York, NY 10019, USA. fmechner@panix.com
D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D019277:Entropy; D004777:Environment; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D011932:Reading