title: Antagonism of haloperidol-induced swim impairment in L-dopa and caffeine treated mice: a pre-clinical model to study Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibits symptoms of motor dysfunction such as tremor, akinesia and rigidity. Agents that selectively disrupt or destroy catecholaminergic systems, such as reserpine, methamphetamine, 6-hydroxydopamine and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine, have been used to develop PD models and to study the animal behavior like catalepsy, akinesia, swim-test, etc. The major apprehension while working with these chemicals is their irreversible neuro-toxic effect. Haloperidol is a classical antipsychotic drug, which produces extra-pyrimidal Parkinson's symptoms (EPS). Measuring catalepsy and akinesia in the treated mice monitored the haloperidol-induced EPS. Alternatively, swimming disability was tested as a new parameter to monitor haloperidol-induced EPS. The results showed that the restoration of swimming disability in haloperidol-induced L-dopa and caffeine pre-treated mice could be used as pre-clinical model to study PD.
authors.affiliation: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India. pmlsci@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Pratibha Mehta
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Luthra
authors.forename: Sandeep Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Barodia
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raghubir
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002375:Catalepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006220:Haloperidol; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011187:Posture; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D002110:Caffeine; D007980:Levodopa; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D006220:Haloperidol; D004298:Dopamine