title: Contribution of vraSR and graSR point mutations to vancomycin resistance in vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: We describe here the genetic analysis of a vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA) strain, Mu50Omega, a strain related to vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) strain Mu50. Using a combination of Mu50Omega whole-genome sequencing and genome engineering, we observed a stepwise evolution of vancomycin resistance from VSSA to VISA after the mutated vraS and graR genes of Mu50 were engineered into Mu50Omega.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan. longzhu@juntendo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Longzhu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Hui-min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Neoh
authors.forename: Mitsutaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shoji
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D016386:Chromosome Walking; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017354:Point Mutation; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C478169:VraS protein, Staphylococcus aureus; D014640:Vancomycin