title: Adipokines and systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study concentrations of adipokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and the relationship among adipokines, the metabolic syndrome (MeS), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 50 SLE patients and 26 controls, all women. Leptin, resistin, visfatin, and adiponectin were measured by commercial ELISA kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MeS prevalence was increased among subjects with SLE. Leptin levels were higher in patients with SLE than controls. Among SLE patients, independent determinants of leptin were insulin levels (p < 0.0001), triglycerides (p = 0.03), body mass index (p = 0.02), corticosteroid dosage (p = 0.02), and SLE Disease Activity Index (p = 0.005). Other adipokines did not differ between SLE patients and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leptin was increased in SLE patients and could play a role in SLE-related cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine and Rheumatology, University "Campus Bio-Medico" of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vadacca
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Margiotta
authors.forename: Amelia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rigon
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cacciapaglia
authors.forename: Giusy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coppolino
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amoroso
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Afeltra
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D052243:Resistin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D052243:Resistin; D014280:Triglycerides; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human