title: Genome analysis of the anaerobic thermohalophilic bacterium Halothermothrix orenii.
abstract: Halothermothirx orenii is a strictly anaerobic thermohalophilic bacterium isolated from sediment of a Tunisian salt lake. It belongs to the order Halanaerobiales in the phylum Firmicutes. The complete sequence revealed that the genome consists of one circular chromosome of 2578146 bps encoding 2451 predicted genes. This is the first genome sequence of an organism belonging to the Haloanaerobiales. Features of both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria were identified with the presence of both a sporulating mechanism typical of Firmicutes and a characteristic Gram negative lipopolysaccharide being the most prominent. Protein sequence analyses and metabolic reconstruction reveal a unique combination of strategies for thermophilic and halophilic adaptation. H. orenii can serve as a model organism for the study of the evolution of the Gram negative phenotype as well as the adaptation under thermohalophilic conditions and the development of biotechnological applications under conditions that require high temperatures and high salt concentrations.
authors.affiliation: DOE- Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, United States of America. KMavrommatis@lbl.gov
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mavromatis
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ivanova
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lykidis
authors.forename: Sean D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Hooper
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kunin
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lapidus
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hugenholtz
authors.forename: Bharat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Nikos C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Kyrpides
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000235:genetics*; D004270:DNA, Circular / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000235:genetics; D016931:Halobacteriales / Q000235:genetics*; D006219:Halogens; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004270:DNA, Circular; D006219:Halogens; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides