title: Alternative splicing of RyR1 alters the efficacy of skeletal EC coupling.
abstract: Alternative splicing of ASI residues (Ala(3481)-Gln(3485)) in the skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor (RyR1) is developmentally regulated: the residues are present in adult ASI(+)RyR1, but absent in the juvenile ASI(-)RyR1 which is over-expressed in adult myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). Although this splicing switch may influence RyR1 function in developing muscle and DM1, little is known about the properties of the splice variants. We examined excitation-contraction (EC) coupling and the structure and interactions of the ASI domain (Thr(3471)-Gly(3500)) in the splice variants. Depolarisation-dependent Ca(2+) release was enhanced by >50% in myotubes expressing ASI(-)RyR1 compared with ASI(+)RyR1, although DHPR L-type currents and SR Ca(2+) content were unaltered, while ASI(-)RyR1 channel function was actually depressed. The effect on EC coupling did not depend on changes in ASI domain secondary structure. Probing RyR1 function with peptides possessing the ASI domain sequence indicated that the domain contributes to an inhibitory module in RyR1. The action of the peptide depended on a sequence of basic residues and their alignment in an alpha-helix adjacent to the ASI splice site. This is the first evidence that the ASI residues contribute to an inhibitory module in RyR1 that influences EC coupling. Implications for development and DM1 are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lueck
authors.forename: Peta J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Suzy M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pace
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ikemoto
authors.forename: Marco G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Casarotto
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Dirksen
authors.forename: Angela F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Dulhunty
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D024361:Amino Acids, Basic; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D007700:Kinetics; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000235:genetics*; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein
chemical_list: D024361:Amino Acids, Basic; D010455:Peptides; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D002118:Calcium