title: Influence of cochlear implantation on sacculus function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the influence of cochlear implantation (CI) on the sacculus function and to analyze a possible correlation with resulting vertigo symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study including 25 patients undergoing CI, preoperative and postoperative assessment of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP), caloric horizontal semicircular canal (hSCC) response, and subjective vertigo symptoms were assessed. The patients with postoperative vertigo were compared to the patients without postoperative vertigo with regard to the findings of VEMP responses and caloric testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients reported postoperative vertigo. Before surgery, eight of 23 patients (35%) had regular VEMP responses. Two months after CI, four patients had a new loss of sacculus function on VEMP testing. The CI represents a significant risk factor for sacculus impairment. In seven of 12 patients with preoperatively preserved caloric response, this decreased after the operation. The impaired vestibular function did not correlate with vertigo symptoms. When comparing the patient group with vertigo and the group without vertigo after CI, there is a significant difference in the patients' age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although CI can cause damage to sacculus and hSCC function, this is probably not the only cause for postoperative vertigo. Advanced age is a significant risk factor for vertigo after CI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany. Eike.Krause@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Eike
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wechtenbruch
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rader
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gürkov
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002150:Caloric Tests; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012444:Saccule and Utricle / Q000502:physiology*; D014717:Vertigo / Q000209:etiology; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests