title: Low level laser therapy (LLLT): attenuation of cholinergic hyperreactivity, beta(2)-adrenergic hyporesponsiveness and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in rat bronchi segments in E. coli lipopolysaccharide-induced airway inflammation by a NF-kappaB dependent mechanism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is unknown if the decreased ability to relax airways smooth muscles in asthma and other inflammatory disorders, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), can be influenced by low level laser therapy (LLLT) irradiation. In this context, the present work was developed in order to investigate if LLLT could reduce dysfunction in inflamed bronchi smooth muscles (BSM) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A controlled ex vivo study was developed where bronchi from Wistar rat were dissected and mounted in an organ bath apparatus with or without a TNF-alpha.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LLLT administered perpendicularly to a point in the middle of the dissected bronchi with a wavelength of 655 nm and a dose of 2.6 J/cm(2), partially decreased BSM hyperreactivity to cholinergic agonist, restored BSM relaxation to isoproterenol and reduced the TNF-alpha mRNA expression. An NF-kappaB antagonist (BMS205820) blocked the LLLT effect on dysfunction in inflamed BSM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained in this work indicate that the LLLT effect on alterations in responsiveness of airway smooth muscles observed in TNF-alpha-induced experimental acute lung inflammation seems to be dependent of NF-kappaB activation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Research and Development (IP&D), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mafra de Lima
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Albertini
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aimbire
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007545:Isoproterenol; D000109:Acetylcholine