title: Endothelial dysfunction induced by post-prandial lipemia: complete protection afforded by high-intensity aerobic interval exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to study the effect of exercise and a high-fat meal (HFM) on endothelial function.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Post-prandial lipemia and exercise oppose each other in terms of cardiovascular risk; however, the mechanism of their interaction is not well understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endothelial function was assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in 8 healthy men before and after an HFM preceded (16 to 18 h) by rest, a single bout of continuous moderate-intensity exercise (CME), and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before the HFM, initial brachial artery diameters were similar in all trials (0.43 +/- 0.04 cm), but after the HFM, basal diameter decreased only in the control (0.39 +/- 0.03 cm) and CME (0.38 +/- 0.04 cm) trials. Before the HFM, FMD/shear was improved by a single bout of CME (+20%, p < 0.01) and HIIE (+45%, p < 0.01; group differences, p < 0.01), with no effect in the control trial. After the HFM (30, 120, and 240 min), FMD decayed to a lesser extent with CME, but in a similar fashion to the control trial. In contrast, FMD in the HIIE trial remained elevated following the exercise despite a clear meal-induced lipemia. Although there were no correlations between vascular function and food-induced markers of cardiovascular risk, antioxidant status was strongly correlated with FMD (r = 0.9, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings reveal a clinically relevant protective effect of acute exercise on the vasculature that is clearly exercise intensity dependent and tightly related to exercise-induced antioxidant capacity. (Endothelial Dysfunction Induced by Postprandial Lipemia; NCT00660491).
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Gjertrud Aunet
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Tyldum
authors.forename: Inga Ekeberg
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Schjerve
authors.forename: Arnt Erik
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Tjønna
authors.forename: Idar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kirkeby-Garstad
authors.forename: Tomas O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Stølen
authors.forename: Russell S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Ulrik
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wisløff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats