title: Ig-like transcript 4 inhibits lipid antigen presentation through direct CD1d interaction.
abstract: NKT cells recognize lipid Ags presented by CD1d molecules and play an important role in the regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, we report the identification of a membrane-associated protein, Ig-like transcript 4 (ILT4), as a novel human CD1d receptor that inhibits CD1d-mediated immune responses. We found that native CD1d tetramer generated by mammalian cells was able to specifically bind human monocytes in the peripheral blood, and this binding was at least partly mediated by monocyte-expressed ILT4. The interaction between ILT4 and CD1d involves the two N-terminal domains of ILT4 and the Ag-binding groove of CD1d (alpha1/alpha2 domain). This interaction has been identified on the cell surface as well as in the endosomal and lysosomal compartments. Functional analysis showed that ILT4 could block the loading of lipid Ags such as alpha-GalCer, and consequently inhibited NKT recognition. The interaction between ILT4 and CD1d may provide new insights into the regulation of NKT-mediated immunity.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, UK. demin.li@imm.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Demin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Freundt
authors.forename: Boquan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Gavin R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Screaton
authors.forename: Xiao-Ning
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology*; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D055610:Antigens, CD1d / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005699:Galactosylceramides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D055610:Antigens, CD1d; C526877:CD1D protein, human; D005699:Galactosylceramides; C491341:LILRB2 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C493154:alpha-galactosylceramide