title: Effect of organic manure on sorption and degradation of azoxystrobin in soil.
abstract: Information on pesticide degradation and factors influencing are important in predicting the levels of pesticide remaining in soils and allow assessment of potential risk associated with exposure. The present study reports the sorption and degradation of azoxystrobin [methyl (E)-2-{2-(6-(2-cyanophenoxy)pyrimidin-4-yloxy)phenyl}-3-methoxyacrylate] in a sandy loam soil. The fungicide was moderately sorbed, and the Freundlich adsorption parameter K(f) (1/n) values in natural and 5% compost-amended soils were 9.31 and 13.72, respectively. Sorption showed hysteresis with 32.5 and 14.7% of sorbed fungicide desorbed from the natural and 5% compost-amended soils, respectively. Azoxystrobin was more persistent in the aerobic soil than the anaerobic soil with half-life values of 107.47 and 62.69 days, respectively. Amendment of compost (5%) to the soil enhanced the degradation of fungicide, and the respective half-life values in aerobic and anaerobic soils were 73.39 and 38.58 days, respectively. Azoxystrobin acid was recovered as the only metabolite of azoxystrobin degradation in soils. Both sunlight and UV light affected the persistence of azoxystrobin with fungicide degraded at a faster rate in UV light than in sunlight. Soil acts as a screen and slows the fungicide degradation under sunlight and UV light.
authors.affiliation: Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Rakesh Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Neera
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption / Q000528:radiation effects; D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental / Q000528:radiation effects; D002417:Cattle; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007700:Kinetics; D008027:Light; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis*; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000073739:Strobilurins
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D008372:Manure; D008689:Methacrylates; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D000073739:Strobilurins; C087670:azoxystrobin