Cholera in Ethiopia in the 1990 s: epidemiologic patterns, clonal analysis, and antimicrobial resistance.
In 1993, after 6 years of absence, cholera re-emerged in the Horn of Africa. Following its introduction to Djibouti, the disease spread to the central and southern areas of Ethiopia reaching Somalia in 1994. Cholera outbreaks persisted in Ethiopia with a recrudescence of cases in 1998. Twenty-two Vibrio cholerae O1 strains, selected to represent the 1998 history of cholera in Ethiopia, were characterized by random amplified polymorphic DNA patterns, BglI ribotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility. All isolates showed a unique amplified DNA pattern and a prevalent ribotype B8a. All strains were multidrug-resistant and harboured an IncC plasmid which conferred resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. These findings indicate that a group of closely related V. cholerae O1 strains was responsible for the cholera epidemic in Ethiopia in 1998.
Scrascia
Maria
M
Dipartimento di Genetica e Microbiologia, Università di Bari, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Pugliese
Nicola
N
Maimone
Francesco
F
Mohamud
Kadigia A
KA
Ali
Imran A
IA
Grimont
Patrick A D
PA
Pazzani
Carlo
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000266:history*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D021521:Ribotyping; D041241:Vibrio cholerae O1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D055815:Young Adult
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents