title: Genetics of bipolar disorder: successful start to a long journey.
abstract: Family and twin studies attest to the importance of genetic factors influencing susceptibility to bipolar disorder and to its genetic and phenotypic complexity. Although linkage and candidate gene association studies have repeatedly implicated some chromosome regions and certain genes, they have not produced the level of unambiguous support required to confirm the involvement of any specific gene or sequence variant in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder. However, strong associations have recently been reported in meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies and the systematic study of structural variation is ongoing. These findings indicate that the study of large, phenotypically well-characterized samples will make an important contribution to delineating the etiology and pathogenesis of bipolar disorder and thereby pave the way for major improvements in clinical management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Medicine, Henry Wellcome Building, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. craddockn@cardiff.ac.uk
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Craddock
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sklar
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype