title: Effect of sildenafil on acrolein-induced airway inflammation and mucus production in rats.
abstract: Airway inflammation with mucus overproduction is a distinguishing pathophysiological feature of many chronic respiratory diseases. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors have shown anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, the effect of sildenafil, a potent inhibitor of PDE5 that selectively degrades cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP), on acrolein-induced inflammation and mucus production in rat airways was examined. Rats were exposed to acrolein for 14 and 28 days. Sildenafil or distilled saline was administered intragastrically prior to acrolein exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was acquired for cell count and the detection of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Lung tissue was examined for cGMP content, nitric oxide (NO)-metabolite levels, histopathological lesion scores, goblet cell metaplasia and mucin production. The results suggested that sildenafil pretreatment reversed the significant decline of cGMP content in rat lungs induced by acrolein exposure, and suppressed the increase of lung NO metabolites, the BALF leukocyte influx and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Moreover, sildenafil pretreatment reduced acrolein-induced Muc5ac mucin synthesis at both mRNA and protein levels, and attenuated airway inflammation, as well as epithelial hyperplasia and metaplasia. In conclusion, sildenafil could attenuate airway inflammation and mucus production in the rat model, possibly through the nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate pathway, and, thus, might have a therapeutic potential for chronic airway diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: X-R
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Y-L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: D-S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Y-P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: X-M
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.forename: F-Q
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D009077:Mucins; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000171:Acrolein; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D006152:Cyclic GMP