MAM: more than just a housekeeper.
The physical association between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, which is known as the mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM), has important roles in various cellular 'housekeeping' functions including the non-vesicular transports of phospholipids. It has recently become clear that the MAM also enables highly efficient transmission of Ca(2+) from the ER to mitochondria to stimulate oxidative metabolism and, conversely, might enable the metabolically energized mitochondria to regulate the ER Ca(2+) homeostasis. Recent studies have shed light on molecular chaperones such as calnexin, calreticulin, ERp44, ERp57, grp75 and the sigma-1 receptor at the MAM, which regulate the association between the two organelles. The MAM thus integrates signal transduction with metabolic pathways to regulate the communication and functional interactions between the ER and mitochondrion.
Hayashi
Teruo
T
Cellular Pathobiology Section, Cellular Neurobiology Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health/DHHS, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Rizzuto
Rosario
R
Hajnoczky
Gyorgy
G
Su
Tsung-Ping
TP
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000502:physiology; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism*
D008055:Lipids; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D002118:Calcium