title: Quercetin up-regulates paraoxonase 1 gene expression with concomitant protection against LDL oxidation.
abstract: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) protects the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and is a major anti-atherosclerotic protein component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Quercetin, a ubiquitous plant flavonoid, has been shown to have a number of bioactivities and may offer a variety of potential therapeutic uses. We explored the roles of quercetin in the regulation of PON1 expression, serum and liver activity and protective capacity of HDL against LDL oxidation in rats. Compared to the pair-fed control group, feeding quercetin (10 mg/L) in the liquid diet for 4 weeks increased (a) hepatic expression of PON1 by 35% (p<0.01), (b) serum and liver PON1 activities by 29% (p<0.05) and 57% (p<0.01), respectively, and (c) serum homocysteine thiolactonase (HCTL) activity by 23% (p<0.05). Correspondingly, the lag time of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation was increased by >3-fold (p<0.001) with plasma HDL from quercetin-fed group compared to the HDL from control group. Our data suggest that quercetin has antiatherogenic effect by up regulating PON1 gene expression and its protective capacity against LDL oxidation.
authors.affiliation: The Lipid Research Laboratory 151-T, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington, DC 20422, USA.
authors.forename: Maokai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Mamatha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garige
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varatharajalu
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marmillot
authors.forename: Chandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gottipatti
authors.forename: Leslie Castillo
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Leckey
authors.forename: Raj M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lakshman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D019327:Copper Sulfate / Q000633:toxicity; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D011794:Quercetin; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; D019327:Copper Sulfate