title: Secondary elevated IOP and cataracts after high-dose intravitreal triamcinolone and photodynamic therapy to treat choroidal neovascularization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the appearance and evolution of high intraocular pressure (IOP) and cataracts after high-dose intravitreous triamcinolone acetonide (TA) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat choroidal neovascularization associated with age-related macular degeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, consecutive, nonrandomized, interventional case series. Fifty-one consecutive eyes with subfoveal (all types) choroidal neovascularization associated to age-related macular degeneration were treated by PDT and intravitreal 19.4+/-2.1 mg/0.1 mL TA. Changes in IOP and lens were considered as primary outcome indicators. Optic disk changes were also considered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty nine of 49 eyes (59%) needed topical therapy for high IOP at month 12, and 11 of 47 (23%) at month 24. Cataracts appeared in 14 of 42 phakic eyes (33%) after 12 months follow-up and in 22 of 40 phakic eyes (55%) completing 24 months follow-up. One eye showed an increased cup-to-disk ratio.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of high-dose intravitreal TA is associated with cataracts and IOP elevation in approximately 50% of cases. The need for topical treatment for high IOP decreases during the second year.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Albacete Medical School, Castilla La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain. jm.ruiz@umh.es
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Moreno
authors.forename: Javier A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amat
authors.forename: Francisco L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Lugo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002386:Cataract / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide