title: The role of insulin-like growth factor-I and its binding proteins in glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes.
abstract: This review addresses the possible role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-axis in normal glucose homoeostasis and in the etiopathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. IGF-I, a peptide hormone, shares amino acid sequence homology with insulin and has insulin-like activity; most notably, the promotion of glucose uptake by peripheral tissues. Type 2 diabetes as well as pre-diabetic states, including impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance, are associated cross-sectionally with altered circulating levels of IGF-I and its binding proteins (IGFBPs). Administration of recombinant human IGF-I has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals as well as in patients with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Further, IGF-I may have beneficial effects on systemic inflammation, a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, and on pancreatic beta-cell mass and function. There is considerable inter-individual heterogeneity in endogenous levels of IGF-I and its binding proteins; however, the relationship between these variations and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes has not been extensively investigated. Large prospective studies are required to evaluate this association.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: Swapnil N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Rajpathak
authors.forename: Marc J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gunter
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wylie-Rosett
authors.forename: Gloria Y F
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Radhika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muzumdar
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Rohan
authors.forename: Howard D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Strickler
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000502:physiology*; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D008055:Lipids; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I