title: The Boston bowel preparation scale: a valid and reliable instrument for colonoscopy-oriented research.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few bowel-preparation rating scales have been validated. Most scales were intended for comparing oral purgatives and fail to account for washing and/or suctioning by the endoscopist. This limits their utility in studies of colonoscopy outcomes, such as polyp-detection rates.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a valid and reliable scale for use in colonoscopy outcomes research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed the Boston bowel preparation scale (BBPS), a 10-point scale that assesses bowel preparation after all cleansing maneuvers are completed by the endoscopist. We assessed interobserver and intraobserver reliability by using video footage of colonoscopies viewed on 2 separate occasions by 22 clinicians. We then applied the BBPS prospectively during screening colonoscopies and compared BBPS scores with clinically meaningful outcomes, including polyp-detection rates and procedure times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intraclass correlation coefficient (a measure of interobserver reliability) for BBPS scores was 0.74. The weighted kappa (a measure of intraobserver reliability) for scores was 0.77 (95% CI, 0.66-0.87). During 633 screening colonoscopies, the mean (SD) BBPS score was 6.0 +/- 1.6. Higher BBPS scores (> or =5 vs <5) were associated with a higher polyp-detection rate (40% vs 24%, P < .02). BBPS scores were inversely correlated with colonoscope insertion (r = -0.16, P < .003) and withdrawal (r = -0.23, P < .001) times.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single-center study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BBPS is a valid and reliable measure of bowel preparation. It may be well suited to colonoscopy outcomes research because it reflects the colon's cleanliness during the inspection phase of the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
authors.forename: Edwin J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Audrey H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Calderwood
authors.forename: Gheorghe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Doros
authors.forename: Oren K
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Fix
authors.forename: Brian C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Jacobson
mesh_terms: D002400:Cathartics / Q000592:standards*; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D015588:Observer Variation; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000592:standards; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D002400:Cathartics