title: Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-five participants with physical injury resulting from motor vehicle accidents were consecutively recruited in this cross-sectional study, from Aug. 18, 2005, to Jan. 8, 2008. A subsample (n=71) were retested on the PDI an average of 96.4 days after initial measure completion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correlational analyses revealed an overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.83. The item-total correlations for the 13 items ranged from 0.29 to 0.75. The test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.61. The PDI was significantly correlated with the external validators such as peritraumatic dissociation as measured by the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ); the intrusion, avoidance and hyperarousal scores of the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R); and the depression and anxiety subscales of the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) (P<.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicated that the Japanese version of the PDI has a high degree of internal consistency, acceptable reliability and a high degree of concurrent validity with measures of peritraumatic dissociation and posttraumatic symptoms. The Japanese version of the PDI can be used as a validated instrument in future research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Disaster Medical Center, Tokyo 190-0014, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Naohiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yonemoto
authors.forename: Tami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yanagita
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Shigenobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanba
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000523:psychology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult