title: Activation-dependent stabilization of the human thromboxane receptor: role of reactive oxygen species.
abstract: Thromboxane A(2) (TxA(2)), the principle product of platelet COX-1-dependent arachidonic acid metabolism, directs multiple pro-atherogenic processes via its receptor, TP. Oxidative challenge offsets TP degradation, a key component in limiting TxA(2)'s actions. Following TP activation, we observed cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation coincident with increased TP expression. We examined the link between TP-evoked ROS and TP regulation. TP expression was augmented in TPalpha-transfected cells treated with a TxA(2) analog [1S-1alpha,2beta(5Z),3alpha(1E,3R*),4alpha]]-7-[3-(3-hydroxy-4-(4'-iodophenoxy)-1-butenyl)-7-oxabicyclo-[2.2.1]heptan-2-yl]-5-heptenoic acid (IBOP). This was reduced with a cellular antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine, or two distinct NADPH oxidase inhibitors, diphenyleneiodonium and apocynin. Homologous upregulation of the native TP was also reduced in apocynin-treated aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) and was absent in ASMCs lacking an NADPH oxidase subunit (p47(-/-)). TP transcription was not increased in IBOP-treated cells, indicating a posttranscriptional mechanism. IBOP induced translocation of TPalpha to the Golgi and reduced degradation of the immature form of the receptor. These data are consistent with a ROS-dependent mechanism whereby TP activation enhanced TP stability early in posttranscriptional biogenesis. Given the significant role played by TP and ROS in perturbed cardiovascular function, the convergence of TP on ROS-generating pathways for regulation of TxA(2)-dependent events may be critical for cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Claire C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Cavanagh
authors.forename: Allison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lesher
authors.forename: Alexander J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: Shane E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Emer M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Smyth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D044244:Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2 / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D044244:Receptors, Thromboxane A2, Prostaglandin H2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C061750:7-(3-(3-hydroxy-4-(4'-iodophenoxy)-1-butenyl)-7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptan-2-yl)-5-heptenoic acid; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C060505:neutrophil cytosolic factor 1