title: Safety and efficacy of vaccination of seronegative bulls with modified-live, cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea viruses.
abstract: The objectives were to vaccinate peri-pubertal bulls with a modified-live vaccine consisting of cytopathic BVDV strains Singer and 296 and evaluate the resulting: (a) transient shed of modified-live, cytopathic BVDV in semen; (b) risk of prolonged testicular infection; and (c) protection against subsequent testicular infection due to viral challenge. Seronegative, peri-pubertal bulls were vaccinated subcutaneously with a standard dose of vaccine (n=11) or were maintained as unvaccinated controls (n=11). Forty-nine days after vaccination, all bulls were intranasally inoculated with a noncytopathic field strain of BVDV. Semen and testicular biopsies collected after vaccination and challenge were assayed for BVDV using virus isolation, reverse transcription-nested PCR, or immunohistochemistry, and the identity of viral strains was determined by nucleotide sequencing of PCR products. Vaccination of peri-pubertal bulls with this vaccine caused a short-term, transient shed of only the type 1a strain of modified-live, cytopathic BVDV in semen for up to 10d after vaccination. The vaccine did not cause prolonged testicular infection. Vaccination with this product prevented development of prolonged testicular infections after subsequent exposure to a field strain of BVDV.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathobiology and Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, United States. givenmd@vetmed.auburn.edu
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Givens
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Riddell
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galik
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Brodersen
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Passler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Widel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000821:virology; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012661:Semen / Q000821:virology; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines