[Neuropsychological profiles associated with the children's oral language disorders].
BACKGROUND
Oral language disorders constitute a group of syndromes with a high prevalence among the childhood population. They form a heterogeneous group that ranges from simple problems in articulating a phoneme (dyslalias) to severe disorders affecting communication, such as children's dysarthrias and aphasias. In this paper our objective is to review the neuropsychological profiles of children who manifest different oral language disorders.


METHODS
Due to the wide range of clinical pictures and causations covered by children's oral language disorders, very few systematic reviews have been conducted to obtain an overall view of the neuropsychological profiles of these children. Although the linguistic signs and symptoms of these disorders are well understood, the associated neuropsychological signs and symptoms have not been studied. In some cases, these neuropsychological signs cause greater learning problems in children than the actual language problems themselves.


CONCLUSIONS
Childhood language disorders are associated with different neuropsychological problems. The most commonly associated neuropsychological deficits are problems involving memory, attention, executive functions, motor dysfunctions, temporal perception, tactile recognition, body scheme, spatial orientation and difficulties in visual discrimination. Mnemonic disorders (essentially in short-term and working auditory memory) are usually a common denominator in the different clinical pictures that make up language disorders. The mnemonic impairment associated to dyslalias deserves special attention as this disorder is sometimes similar to that seen in language problems deriving from clinical pictures with important neurological alterations.
Conde-Guzón
P A
PA
Universidad de León, España. pacong@unileon.es
Conde-Guzón
M J
MJ
Bartolomé-Albistegui
M T
MT
Quirós-Expósito
P
P
D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D002663:Child Language; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010468:Perceptual Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology