title: Tetherless thermobiochemically actuated microgrippers.
abstract: We demonstrate mass-producible, tetherless microgrippers that can be remotely triggered by temperature and chemicals under biologically relevant conditions. The microgrippers use a self-contained actuation response, obviating the need for external tethers in operation. The grippers can be actuated en masse, even while spatially separated. We used the microgrippers to perform diverse functions, such as picking up a bead on a substrate and the removal of cells from tissue embedded at the end of a capillary (an in vitro biopsy).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Christina L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Randall
authors.forename: Bryan R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Noy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bassik
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Gracias
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004548:Elasticity; D051379:Mice; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012371:Robotics; D013696:Temperature; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers