title: Health disadvantage in US adults aged 50 to 74 years: a comparison of the health of rich and poor Americans with that of Europeans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared the health of older US, English, and other European adults, stratified by wealth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Representative samples of adults aged 50 to 74 years were interviewed in 2004 in 10 European countries (n = 17,481), England (n = 6527), and the United States (n = 9940). We calculated prevalence rates of 6 chronic diseases and functional limitations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  American adults reported worse health than did English or European adults. Eighteen percent of Americans reported heart disease, compared with 12% of English and 11% of Europeans. At all wealth levels, Americans were less healthy than were Europeans, but differences were more marked among the poor. Health disparities by wealth were significantly smaller in Europe than in the United States and England. Odds ratios of heart disease in a comparison of the top and bottom wealth tertiles were 1.94 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.69, 2.24) in the United States, 2.13 (95% CI = 1.73, 2.62) in England, and 1.38 (95% CI = 1.23, 1.56) in Europe. Smoking, obesity, physical activity levels, and alcohol consumption explained a fraction of health variations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  American adults are less healthy than Europeans at all wealth levels. The poorest Americans experience the greatest disadvantage relative to Europeans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. m.avendanopabon@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Avendano
authors.forename: M Maria
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Glymour
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Banks
authors.forename: Johan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mackenbach
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011203:Poverty; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology