title: Validation of the freezing of gait questionnaire in patients with Parkinson's disease.
abstract: To revalidate the Freezing of Gait Questionnaire (FOG-Q), patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) were randomly assigned to receive rasagiline (1 mg/day) (n = 150), entacapone (200 mg with each dose of levodopa) (n = 150), or placebo (n = 154). Patients were assessed at baseline and after 10 weeks using the FOG-Q, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). FOG-Q dimensionality, test-retest reliability, and internal reliability were examined. Convergent and divergent validities were assessed by correlating FOG-Q with UPDRS, BDI, and PDQ-39. Comparisons between FOG-Q item 3 and UPDRS item 14 were also made. Principal component analysis indicated that FOG-Q measures a single dimension. Test-retest reliability and internal reliability of FOG-Q score was high. FOG-Q was best correlated to items of the UPDRS relating to walking, general motor issues, and mobility. Correlations between baseline and endpoint suggested that FOG-Q item 3 is at least as reliable as UPDRS item 14. At baseline, 85.9% of patients were identified as "Freezers" using FOG-Q item 3 (> or =1) and 44.1% using UPDRS item 14 (> or =1) (P < 0.001). FOG-Q was a reliable tool for the assessment of treatment intervention. FOG-Q item 3 was effective as a screening question for the presence of FOG.
authors.affiliation: Movement Disorders Unit, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. nirg@tasmc.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Nir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Giladi
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tal
authors.forename: Tali
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azulay
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rascol
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Eldad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Melamed
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Oertel
authors.forename: Werner H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Poewe
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stocchi
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tolosa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002396:Catechols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D046352:Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007189:Indans / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009570:Nitriles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D002396:Catechols; D007189:Indans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009570:Nitriles; C031967:rasagiline; D007980:Levodopa; C071192:entacapone