title: External apical root resorption: two case reports.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present two cases of external root resorption and in so doing highlight rarer causative factors as well as the difficulties in classifying root resorption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Root resorption in the permanent dentition is usually pathological. Local factors are the most frequent causes of resorption, most commonly excessive pressure and inflammation. However, many systemic abnormalities have been implicated in the resorption process. Resorption is often an incidental finding during routine examination. Otherwise, late in the disease process, tooth mobility or infection may arise. A rarer form of root resorption is external apical root resorption which may or may not be linked to systemic disease. In most cases, no causative factors are found. At present there is no curative treatment for external apical root resorption. The current management for these patients is symptomatic, minimal intervention and long-term monitoring.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  * Apical resorption may be associated with a systemic disease or of an idiopathic origin. It may also occur in association with orthodontic treatment or with pathoses such as tumours, cysts, etc. * In the absence of signs or symptoms of pulpal and/or periapical disease, endodontic treatment is not indicated. * Long-term monitoring of affected patients is essential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Armas
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Savarrio
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Brocklebank
mesh_terms: D003764:Dental Materials; D003784:Dental Pulp Calcification / Q000209:etiology; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004535:Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011095:Polyethylenes; D011859:Radiography; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013165:Splints; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000473:pathology*; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003764:Dental Materials; D011095:Polyethylenes; C084063:RIBBOND