title: Serum level of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 correlates with pulmonary arterial pressure in children with congenital heart disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endothelial activation and vascular inflammation are thought to be the mechanisms of pulmonary hypertension. Increased expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1) and raised serum level of its soluble form (sICAM-1) are found in various conditions associated with endothelial activation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples from 31 children (14 boys and 17 girls; age, 4.9 +/- 4.6 years) with congenital heart disease (CHD) collected at the time of cardiac catheterization were analyzed for sICAM-1 level. Uni- and multivariable stepwise linear regression analyses were performed for the following variables against the sICAM-1 level: age, hemoglobin, serum creatinine, systemic arterial pressure (SAP), pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), pulmonary blood flow (Qp) and resistance (Rp), systemic blood flow (Qs) and resistance (Rs), Qp/Qs, Rp/Rs, and pulmonary and systemic oxygen saturation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sICAM-1 levels in children who had CHD with and without pulmonary hypertension were 411 +/- 110 and 344 +/- 81 ng/ml, respectively (p = 0.11). In the univariable models, age, serum creatinine, systolic PAP, mean PAP, diastolic PAP, Rp, and Rp/Rs were significantly correlated with sICAM-1 level. In the multiple stepwise regression model, only mean PAP remained as an independent predictor of sICAM-1 level (r = 0.55; p = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with CHD and pulmonary hypertension had a trend toward elevated sICAM-1 compared with CHD children who had no pulmonary hypertension. A linear correlation was found between mean pulmonary arterial pressure and sICAM-1 level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Patumwan, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kanrawee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sungprem
authors.forename: Apichai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khongphatthanayothin
authors.forename: Patchara
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kiettisanpipop
authors.forename: Pairoj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chotivitayatarakorn
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Poovorawan
authors.forename: Pornthep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lertsapcharoen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1