title: Functional oesophagoscopy: endoscopic evaluation of the oesophageal phase of deglutition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The anatomy and function of the oropharynx and larynx during deglutition can be assessed using the flexible endoscope, but this evaluation does not provide information on the oesophagus. Guided observation of oesophageal swallowing enables extended dysphagia evaluation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the diagnostic utility of guided observation of oesophageal swallowing in the evaluation of dysphagia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Procedures for guided observation of oesophageal swallowing were reviewed for oesophageal findings and compared with fluoroscopy and manometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one patients underwent guided observation of oesophageal swallowing and concurrent videofluoroscopy and/or manometry. No complications of the former procedure occurred. The results of guided observation of oesophageal swallowing concurred with those of fluoroscopy in 15/21 cases (71 per cent) and with those of manometry in five of six (83 per cent) cases. Guided observation of oesophageal swallowing revealed anatomic pathology contributing to dysphagia in 15/21 (71 per cent) patients. The procedure identified pathology not detected by fluoroscopy and manometry in 13/21 (62 per cent) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Guided observation of oesophageal swallowing appears to be a safe diagnostic tool with which to evaluate the oesophageal phase of deglutition.
authors.affiliation: Center for Voice and Swallowing, Otolaryngology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA. peter.belafsky@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Belafsky
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rees
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult