title: Enucleation for open globe injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the experience of enucleation after open globe at an ophthalmic trauma referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an ophthalmic trauma referral center the charts of all patients having suffered an open globe injury between January 1, 2000 and June 30, 2007 were reviewed. Variables assessed were age, gender, type of injury (rupture or laceration [penetrating, intraocular foreign body, or perforating]), ocular trauma score, visual acuity, subsequent enucleation, indication for and timing of enucleation, presence of sympathetic ophthalmia, and length of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 660 open globe injuries, 55 have undergone enucleation (including 4 eviscerations), 11 primarily and 44 secondarily. Eyes with ruptures were significantly more likely to be enucleated than those with injuries attributable to lacerations (P < .001). The most common reason for secondary enucleation was a blind, painful eye. Two patients (0.3%) developed sympathetic ophthalmia and have maintained good vision in the sympathizing eye.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The vast majority of open globes can be repaired without requiring primary enucleation. Secondary enucleation is most commonly carried out for pain. Eyes with no light perception can be closely observed if the patient chooses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Savar
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Andreoli
authors.forename: Carolyn E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Kloek
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Andreoli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001766:Blindness / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015353:Eye Enucleation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017234:Eye Evisceration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015807:Eye Injuries, Penetrating / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors