GAD and IA-2 autoantibody detection in type 1 diabetic patient saliva.
Some attempts have been made in assaying glutamic-acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) in type 1 diabetic patient (T1DM) saliva. However, these salivary assays did not show sufficient sensitivity and specificity in comparison to serum assays. In this study we evaluated the ability of a fluid-phase (35)S-radioimmunoassay to detect GADA and tyrosine phosphatase 2 autoantibodies (IA-2A) in 70 T1DM, 24 T1DM first degree relatives (FDR) and 76 healthy subject saliva. Paired saliva and serum samples were collected from each subject and analyzed. GADA were detected in 45/70 (64.3%) sera and 43/70 (61.4%) T1DM saliva, respectively. IA-2A were detected in 33/70 (47.1%) sera and 30/70 (42.9%) T1DM saliva, respectively. All FDR serum/saliva samples were autoantibody negative. In conclusion, we here report that GADA and IA-2A are detectable with high sensitivity and specificity in human saliva, a specimen which can be easily collected by non-invasive procedures and may represent a reliable tool for the study of T1DM autoimmunity.
Tiberti
Claudio
C
Department of Clinical Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. claudio.tiberti@uniroma1.it
Shashaj
Blegina
B
Verrienti
Antonella
A
Vecci
Elio Giancarlo
EG
Lucantoni
Federica
F
Masotti
Donata
D
Morano
Susanna
S
Sulli
Nicoletta
N
Dotta
Francesco
F
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000379:methods; D012015:Reference Standards; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
D001323:Autoantibodies; C096322:ICA512 autoantibody; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase