Elucidation of the mechanism producing menaquinone-4 in osteoblastic cells.
Vitamin K is an essential nutrient and a cofactor for the carboxylation of specific glutamyl residues of proteins to gamma-glutamyl residues, which activates osteocalcin related to bone formation. Among vitamin K homologues, menaquinone-4 (MK-4) is the most active biologically, up-regulating the gene expression of bone markers, and thus has been clinically used in the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan. Recently, we confirmed that MK-4 was converted from dietary phylloquinone (PK), and then accumulated in various tissues at high concentrations. This system should play an important role in biological functions including bone formation, however, the pathway by which MK-4 is converted remains unclear. In this study, we studied the mechanism of MK-4's conversion with chemical techniques using deuterated analogues.
Suhara
Yoshitomo
Y
Department of Hygienic Sciences, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyamakita-machi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan.
Wada
Akimori
A
Okano
Toshio
T
D006801:Humans; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D007564:Japan; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010837:Vitamin K 1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism
D006873:Hydroquinones; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C030814:menatetrenone; D010837:Vitamin K 1