Increased risk of monoclonal gammopathy in first-degree relatives of patients with multiple myeloma or monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance.
We examined whether monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is increased in first-degree relatives of multiple myeloma (MM) or MGUS patients. Probands were recruited from a population-based prevalence study (MGUS) and the Mayo Clinic (MM). Serum samples were collected from first-degree relatives older than 40 years and subjected to electrophoresis and immunofixation. The prevalence of MGUS in relatives was compared with population-based rates. Nine-hundred eleven relatives of 232 MM and 97 MGUS probands were studied. By electrophoresis, MGUS was detected in 55 (6%) relatives, and immunofixation identified 28 additional relatives for an age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of 8.1% (95% CI, 6.3 to 9.8). The prevalence of MGUS in relatives increased with age (1.9%, 6.9%, 11.6%, 14.6%, 21.0% for ages 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, >/= 80 years, respectively; P < .001). Using similar MGUS detection methods, there was a higher risk of MGUS in relatives (age-adjusted risk ratio [RR], 2.6; 95% CI, 1.9 to 3.4) compared with the reference population. The increased risk was seen among relatives of MM (RR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4 to 2.8) and MGUS probands (RR, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.1 to 4.8). The increased risk of MGUS in first-degree relatives of MGUS or MM patients implies shared environment and/or genetics.
Vachon
Celine M
CM
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. vachon.celine@mayo.edu
Kyle
Robert A
RA
Therneau
Terry M
TM
Foreman
Barbara J
BJ
Larson
Dirk R
DR
Colby
Colin L
CL
Phelps
Tara K
TK
Dispenzieri
Angela
A
Kumar
Shaji K
SK
Katzmann
Jerry A
JA
Rajkumar
S Vincent
SV
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000097:blood; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D010265:Paraproteinemias / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C009823:M-proteins (Myeloma)