title: Stainless steel grafting of hyperbranched polymer brushes with an antibacterial activity: synthesis, characterization, and properties.
abstract: Two strategies were used for the preparation of hyperbranched polymer brushes with a high density of functional groups: (a) the cathodic electrografting of stainless steel by poly[2-(2-chloropropionate)ethyl acrylate] [poly(cPEA)], which was used as a macroinitiator for the atom transfer radical polymerization of an inimer, 2-(2-bromopropionate)ethyl acrylate in the presence or absence of heptadecafluorodecyl acrylate, (b) the grafting of preformed hyperbranched poly(ethyleneimine) onto poly(N-succinimidyl acrylate) previously electrografted onto stainless steel. The hyperbranched polymer, which contained either bromides or amines, was quaternized because the accordingly formed quaternary ammonium or pyridinium groups are known for antibacterial properties. The structure, chemical composition, and morphology of the quaternized and nonquaternized hyperbranched polymer brushes were characterized by ATR-FTIR reflectance, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The peeling test confirmed that the grafted hyperbranched polymer films adhered much more strongly to stainless steel than the nongrafted solvent-cast films. The quaternized hyperbranched polymer brushes were more effective in preventing both protein adsorption and bacterial adhesion than quaternary ammonium containing poly(cPEA) primary films, more likely because of the higher hydrophilicity and density of cationic groups.
authors.affiliation: Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM) and Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman, B6, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ignatova
authors.forename: Samule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voccia
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gabriel
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cossement
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jerome
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jerome
mesh_terms: D000179:Acrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D000327:Adsorption; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004563:Electrochemistry; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C535261:poly(2-(2-chloropropionate)ethyl acrylate); D013193:Stainless Steel