Expression and DNA microarray analysis of a platelet activating factor-related molecule in severe pneumonia in mice due to influenza virus and bacterial co-infection.
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a critical mediator of severe inflammatory diseases such as pneumonia, and the PAF-receptor (PAFR) is known to be an anchor for Streptococcus pneumoniae attachment to lung epithelial cells. We conducted a DNA microarray analysis to detect critical factors that mediate fulminant pneumonia due to influenza virus and S. pneumoniae co-infection in mice. Among the factors detected, levels of PAF-acetyl hydrolase (PAF-AH), which functions as inactivated PAF, were significantly increased, and PAFR was expressed in co-infected mouse lungs, as compared to the respective levels in mice infected with either S. pneumoniae or virus alone. Significantly elevated PAF-AH enzymatic activity was observed in the co-infected mouse lung, suggesting that co-infection activated PAF-related factors. These findings suggest that PAF and related molecules play important roles in fulminant pneumonia due to influenza virus infection, especially when severe bacterial pneumonia is complicated by co-infection with influenza virus.
Seki
Masafumi
M
Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan. seki@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
Kosai
Kosuke
K
Hara
Atsuko
A
Imamura
Yoshifumi
Y
Nakamura
Shigeki
S
Kurihara
Shintaro
S
Izumikawa
Koichi
K
Kakeya
Hiroshi
H
Yamamoto
Yoshihiro
Y
Yanagihara
Katsunori
K
Miyazaki
Yoshitsugu
Y
Mukae
Hiroshi
H
Tashiro
Takayoshi
T
Kohno
Shigeru
S
D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000302:isolation & purification; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D048348:Reverse Transcription; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase