title: Stage migration with sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Axillary staging provides the single most important piece of prognostic information in breast cancer patients. This retrospective study was performed to document the phenomenon of stage migration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 392 patients, 5 (1%) failed identification of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) and therefore underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Four patients (80%) had metastatic lymph nodes, 302 (77%) patients had negative SLNs, 47 (15%) underwent ALND, 85 (22%) had positive SLNs, 11 (13%) received adjuvant radiation treatment to the axilla, and 74 (87%) underwent completion ALND.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median (quartiles) follow-up period was 29 months (19-46 mo). Twenty of 392 (5%) patients had disease relapse; 2 of which were local (.5%) and the rest were systemic. Earlier relapse was related significantly to lymph node status, tumor grade, and tumor size. SLN-negative patients who did not receive ALND had a relapse rate of 2.3% (6 of 256) compared with 0% in those who were truly negative based on confirmatory ALND. SLN-positive patients who did not receive ALND had a 9% (1 of 11) relapse rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The stage-matched pattern of relapse between SLN biopsy and ALND patients revealed lower relapse rates in SLN biopsy-staged patients, documenting the stage migration phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Breast Surgical Oncology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and the Central Arkansas Veterans Hospital System, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
authors.forename: Rakhshanda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Layeequr Rahman
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boneti
authors.forename: Malene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kepple
authors.forename: Ronda S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Henry-Tillman
authors.forename: V Suzanne
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Klimberg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy