title: Expression of TDP-43 C-terminal Fragments in Vitro Recapitulates Pathological Features of TDP-43 Proteinopathies.
abstract: The disease protein in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitin-positive inclusions (FTLD-U) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was identified recently as the TDP-43 (TAR DNA-binding protein 43), thereby providing a molecular link between these two disorders. In FTLD-U and ALS, TDP-43 is redistributed from its normal nuclear localization to form cytoplasmic insoluble aggregates. Moreover, pathological TDP-43 is abnormally ubiquitinated, hyperphosphorylated, and N-terminally cleaved to generate C-terminal fragments (CTFs). However, the specific cleavage site(s) and the biochemical properties as well as the functional consequences of pathological TDP-43 CTFs remained unknown. Here we have identified the specific cleavage site, Arg(208), of a pathological TDP-43 CTF purified from FTLD-U brains and show that the expression of this and other TDP-43 CTFs in cultured cells recapitulates key features of TDP-43 proteinopathy. These include the formation of cytoplasmic aggregates that are ubiquitinated and abnormally phosphorylated at sites found in FTLD-U and ALS brain and spinal cord samples. Furthermore, we observed splicing abnormalities in a cell culture system expressing TDP-43 CTFs, and this is significant because the regulation of exon splicing is a known function of TDP-43. Thus, our results show that TDP-43 CTF expression recapitulates key biochemical features of pathological TDP-43 and support the hypothesis that the generation of TDP-43 CTFs is an important step in the pathogenesis of FTLD-U and ALS.
authors.affiliation: Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Lionel M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Igaz
authors.forename: Linda K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen-Plotkin
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Winton
authors.forename: Travis L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: John Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Trojanowski
authors.forename: Virginia M-Y
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003704:Dementia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000235:genetics; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D054875:Ubiquitination / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins