title: Spinal cord sarcoidosis: report of seven cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal cord involvement in sarcoidosis is rare, occurring in <1% of patients with sarcoidosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report seven cases of spinal cord sarcoidosis, seen in two French hospitals over a 13-year period. Presentation of disease, methods of diagnosis and response to treatment, with quantification according to the reduction of the modified Rankin scale (MRS), were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients presented insidious paresthesias or weakness and one a sudden paraplegia. Average MRS at diagnosis was to 2. Spine MRI showed one or several intramedullary lesions in all cases. Diagnosis was confirmed by extra-neural tissue biopsies in all cases, including mediastinoscopy (two patients), coelioscopy (one patient), bronchoscopy (one patient), salivary gland biopsy (one patient) and skin biopsy (two patients). The average follow-up for the group was 49.4 months. All patients responded to corticosteroid therapy with a median reduction of MRS of one point. Five patients received immunosuppressive therapy: cyclophosphamide (two patients), methotrexate (two patients), azathioprine (one patient), mycophenolate mofetyl (one patient), with an inconstant benefit. Patients who received cyclophosphamide presented severe fungaemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on our study and literature analysis, we propose an algorithm for treatment of spinal cord sarcoidosis.
authors.affiliation: Hospices Civils de Lyon, Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Varron
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Broussolle
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Candessanche
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marignier
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rousset
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ninet
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sève
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D016469:Fungemia / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D001379:Azathioprine; D008727:Methotrexate