title: [Association between the concentration of particulate matters and the hospital emergency room visits for circulatory diseases: a case-crossover study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the association between the concentration of particulate matters with an aerodynamic diameter of < 10 microm (PM(10)) and the hospital emergency room visits for circulatory diseases (International Classification of Diseases, tenth vision ICD-10:I00-I99) in Beijing, China.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected data for daily hospital emergency room visits of circulatory diseases (ICD-10:I00-I99) from Peking University Third Hospital and from the ambient air PM(10) through the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center. A time-stratified case-crossover design was used to evaluate associations between circulatory disease health outcomes and PM(10).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The no-lagged unidirectional case-crossover design with 1:4 matched pairs had the highest odds ratios (ORs) between PM(10) and the hospital emergency room visits for circulatory diseases. After adjusting the temperature and the relative humidity, a 10 microg/m(3) increased in the PM(10) were found associated with the emergency room visits on value of ORs of 1.006(95%CI: 1.003 - 1.008) for the total circulatory diseases (ICD-10:I00-I99), 1.003 (95%CI: 0.996 - 1.010) for coronary heart disease (ICD-10:I20-I25), 1.005 (95%CI: 0.997 - 1.013) for cardiac arrhythmia (ICD-10:I47-I49), 1.019 (95%CI: 1.005 - 1.033) for heart failure disease (ICD-10:I50), and 1.003 (95%CI: 0.998 - 1.007) for cerebrovascular diseases (ICD-10:I60-I69), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggested that elevated levels of ambient PM(10) were positively associated with hospital emergency room visits for the total number of circulatory diseases and heart failure disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
authors.forename: Yu-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Li-qun
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian-min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Min-juan
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mann
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wich
authors.forename: Xiao-chuan
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter