title: Meeting report: consensus statement-Parkinson's disease and the environment: collaborative on health and the environment and Parkinson's Action Network (CHE PAN) conference 26-28 June 2007.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. People with PD, their families, scientists, health care providers, and the general public are increasingly interested in identifying environmental contributors to PD risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  In June 2007, a multidisciplinary group of experts gathered in Sunnyvale, California, USA, to assess what is known about the contribution of environmental factors to PD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We describe the conclusions around which they came to consensus with respect to environmental contributors to PD risk. We conclude with a brief summary of research needs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PD is a complex disorder, and multiple different pathogenic pathways and mechanisms can ultimately lead to PD. Within the individual there are many determinants of PD risk, and within populations, the causes of PD are heterogeneous. Although rare recognized genetic mutations are sufficient to cause PD, these account for < 10% of PD in the U.S. population, and incomplete penetrance suggests that environmental factors may be involved. Indeed, interplay among environmental factors and genetic makeup likely influences the risk of developing PD. There is a need for further understanding of how risk factors interact, and studying PD is likely to increase understanding of other neurodegenerative disorders.
authors.affiliation: UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bronstein
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carvey
authors.forename: Honglei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cory-Slechta
authors.forename: Donato
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: DiMonte
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duda
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: English
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grate
authors.forename: Johnni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoppin
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jewell
authors.forename: Freya
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kamel
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koroshetz
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Langston
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Logroscino
authors.forename: Lorene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ravina
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rocca
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schettler
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schwarzschild
authors.forename: Bill
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seegal
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singleton
authors.forename: Kyle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Steenland
authors.forename: Caroline M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Tanner
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Den Eeden
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weisskopf
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004777:Environment; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D012106:Research
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants