title: A comparison of glycaemic variability in CSII vs. MDI treated type 1 diabetic patients using CGMS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare glucose variability, hypoglycaemic events and daily glycaemic control in well-controlled (HbA1c <or= 7%), type 1 diabetic patients treated with either continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) using lispro or multiple daily insulin injection (MDI) using glargine once daily and lispro with meals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 16 patients with type 1 diabetes receiving treatment with either CSII (eight patients) or MDI (eight patients), all with HbA1c levels < 7%, wore a continuous glucose monitoring system sensor for 3 days to compare the number, duration, timing and severity of hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic episodes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were several more episodes of hyperglycaemic [blood glucose (BG) >or= 180 mg/dl] and hypoglycaemic (BG <or= 60 mg/dl) excursions observed in patients treated with CSII than MDI. Glycaemic exposure over 150 mg/dl was similar between the two groups. Maintenance of near-euglycaemia as determined by the average amount of time spent within the glucose range of 80-140 mg/dl was marginally significantly better for the MDI than for the CSII group. Although the CSII group had significantly more hypoglycaemic episodes below 60 mg/dl, the average duration of hypoglycaemia was not significantly different for the two groups. Similar percentages of nocturnal hypoglycaemia were seen. There were no reported major adverse events throughout the duration of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Well-controlled type 1 diabetic patients treated with MDI had fewer hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic excursions than patients treated with CSII.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Treat
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hipszer
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chervoneva
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Padron-Massara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jabbour
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D000069036:Insulin Glargine