title: [Nephron sparing surgery for renal tumors on a solitary kidney: oncological outcomes and long-term functional evolution].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nephron sparing surgery raises the challenge of avoiding chronic haemodialysis for patients having malignancies on a solitary kidney. The aim of this study was to estimate the long term renal function, survival and risk of recurrence of patients undergoing elective nephron sparing surgery for renal cancer on a solitary kidney.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1975 and December 2002, 37 elective nephron sparing surgery of kidney tumors were performed on 33 patients with a solitary kidney. Surgery was performed without interruption of blood flow. Pre- and postoperative renal function were compared by using a non parametric test of Kruskal and Wallis. Survival rates were estimated by the Kaplan Meier method and the prognostic factors were defined on a multivariate analysis using a Cox model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean tumoral diameter was 4.6 cm [1.5-10]. The median follow-up was of 83 months. Three patients died in the postoperative period. The postoperative creatinine clairance was significantly lower than the preoperative value (p=0.01), but without significant variation of the renal dysfunction rate (p=0.18) and without significant decrease during the follow-up. No patient required chronic haemodialysis. Overall and disease-free survival rates at five and 10 years was 69 and 56.2%, and 55.8 and 27%, respectively. Multivariate analysis retained tumor size, Fuhrman grade and antecedent of controlateral cancer as independent prognostic factors in overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our experience, even in the presence of bad prognostic factors, nephron sparing surgery allows a relative savings of the long term renal function. Taking in account the poor life expectancy of people around 60 being put on haemodialysis, all attempt should be made to perform nephron sparing surgery in patients having a cancer on a solitary kidney.
authors.affiliation: Service d'urologie et de transplantation, faculté de médecine Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France. gg_pignot@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pignot
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galiano
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hajage
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rouprêt
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pasqui
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chartier-Kastler
authors.forename: M-O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Bitker
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Richard
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D009399:Nephrons; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome