title: Peroxide generation by p47phox-Src activation of Nox2 has a key role in protein kinase C-induced arterial smooth muscle contraction.
abstract: Protein kinase C (PKC) stimulation of NAD(P)H oxidases (Nox) is an important component of multiple vascular disease processes; however, the relationship between oxidase activation and the regulation of vascular smooth muscle contraction by PKC remains poorly understood. Therefore, we examined the signaling cascade of PKC-elicited Nox activation and the role of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in mediating PKC-induced vascular contraction. Endothelium-denuded bovine coronary arteries showed a PKC-dependent basal production of lucigenin (5 muM)-detected Nox oxidase-derived superoxide, which was stimulated fourfold by PKC activation with 10 muM phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu). PDBu appeared to increase superoxide generation by Nox2 through both p47(phox) and peroxide-dependent Src activation mechanisms based on the actions of inhibitors, properties of Src phosphorylation, and the loss of responses in aorta from mice deficient in Nox2 and p47(phox). The actions of inhibitors of contractile regulating mechanisms, scavengers of superoxide and peroxide, and responses in knockout mouse aortas suggest that a major component of the contraction elicited by PDBu appeared to be mediated through peroxide derived from Nox2 activation stimulating force generation through Rho kinase and calmodulin kinase-II mechanisms. Superoxide generated by PDBu also attenuated relaxation to nitroglycerin. Peroxide-derived from Nox2 activation by PKC appeared to be a major contributor to the thromboxane A(2) receptor agonist U46619 (100 nM)-elicited contraction of coronary arteries. Thus a p47(phox) and Src kinase activation of peroxide production by Nox2 appears to be an important contributor to vascular contractile mechanisms mediated through activation of PKC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Sachin A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gupte
authors.forename: Pawel M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: Shimran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Lioubov
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kouznestova
authors.forename: Susan C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: Rajamma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hintze
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wolin
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010545:Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017482:Receptors, Thromboxane / Q000819:agonists; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010545:Peroxides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017482:Receptors, Thromboxane; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D013481:Superoxides; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; C488842:Cybb protein, mouse; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C060505:neutrophil cytosolic factor 1; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D005996:Nitroglycerin