title: The small intestine: a critical linkage in pathophysiology of cardiac cachexia.
abstract: Impaired functioning of the gastrointestinal system may also contribute to malnutrition and cardiac cachexia (CC) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Targets for future interventions include the deranged hormonal systems involved in energy balance as well as malabsorption from the gut and dietary supplementation. Other targets are the inhibition of proteasome-dependent protein degradation and the direct inhibition of pro-inflammatory pathways. The beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors, aldesterone inhibitors and beta-blockers in preventing or delaying the collagen deposition in the small intestine wall need to be elucidated. We strongly believe that by improving our understanding of the role of the gut in CC will lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies in the near future.
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Atila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iyisoy
authors.forename: U Cagdas
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.forename: Bekim
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jata
mesh_terms: D002100:Cachexia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008286:Malabsorption Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology*