title: A randomised controlled trial of early initiation of oral feeding after cesarean section.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety and efficacy of early oral feeding after cesarean delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred women who had cesarean section were randomly assigned to early feeding or routine feeding. Women in the early feeding group were encouraged to take sips of water 8 h post-operatively, followed by oral tea of 100 mL at the time of supervision. Women in the routine feeding group were managed by restricting oral intake for the first 24 h and administration of sips of water 24-48 h post-operatively. The outcome measures include the rate of ileus symptoms, post-operative time interval to presence of bowel sounds, passage of flatus and bowel movement, time interval to return to regular diet, length of hospital stay, post-operative complications, acceptability and benefit of early oral feeding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The early feeding group had a shorter mean post-operative time interval to bowel sounds 18.90 +/- 4.17 h versus 36.21 +/- 3.52 h (p < 0.001), passage of flatus 44.81 +/- 3.73 h versus 60.58 +/- 4.40 h (p < 0.001) and bowel movement 58.30 +/- 5.91 h versus 72.76 +/- 4.25 h (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in paralytic ileus symptoms. Early feeding group had a shorter mean hospital stay 4.80 +/- 0.59 days versus 6.69 +/- 0.71 days (p = 0.001). Early feeding group required less intravenous fluid 7.14 +/- 1.34 bottles versus 11.8 +/- 1.32 bottles (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early feeding after cesarean section was well tolerated and safe and can be implemented without an increase in adverse outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Osun State, Nigeria. eoorji11@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ernest O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Orji
authors.forename: Taofeek O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Olabode
authors.forename: Oluwafemi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kuti
authors.forename: Solomon O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Ogunniyi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005248:Feeding Methods / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors