Lipid metabolism and hyperlipidemia in dogs.
Lipid metabolism in dogs can be divided into exogenous and endogenous pathways and exhibits some unique characteristics compared to other species. Hyperlipidemia is common in dogs, and can be either primary or secondary to other diseases. Secondary hyperlipidemia is the most common form and can be a result of endocrine disorders, pancreatitis, cholestasis, protein-losing nephropathy, obesity, and high fat diets. Primary hyperlipidemia is less common and usually associated with certain breeds. Hypertriglyceridemia of Miniature Schnauzers is the most common type of primary hyperlipidemia in dogs in the United States, and appears to have a genetic basis although its etiology remains unknown. Possible complications of canine hyperlipidemia include pancreatitis, liver disease, atherosclerosis, ocular disease, and seizures. Management is achieved by administration of low fat diets with or without the administration of lipid-lowering agents such as omega-3 fatty acids, gemfibrozil, and niacin.
Xenoulis
Panagiotis G
PG
Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA. Electronic address: pxenoulis@cvm.tamu.edu.
Steiner
Jörg M
JM
Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4474, USA.
D000818:Animals; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D009525:Niacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D009525:Niacin