title: Nurse migration to Canada: pathways and pitfalls of workforce integration.
abstract: Many internationally educated nurses (IENs) find it difficult to reinstate themselves in their profession after migration. This article explores factors contributing to the success and failure of IENs to reestablish professional careers. The article discusses a study involving 39 IENs in 5 focus groups and 10 interviews. In all, 29 interviews are held with other stakeholders. IENs encounter obstacles at each stage of the migration process. New strategies are required to assist IENs to reenter the workforce. Given the consistent predictions of an extreme nurse shortage, it is important that the brain waste of immigrant nurses be minimized.
authors.affiliation: Nursing Health Services Research Unit, McMaster University, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blythe
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baumann
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rhéaume
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McIntosh
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel / Q000208:ethnology*; D002322:Career Mobility; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D017144:Focus Groups; D005551:Foreign Professional Personnel / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D008008:Licensure, Nursing; D008875:Middle Aged; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology*; D009864:Ontario; D010560:Personnel Selection; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires