title: Interaction of notochord-derived fibrinogen-like protein with Notch regulates the patterning of the central nervous system of Ciona intestinalis embryos.
abstract: The midline organ the notochord and its overlying dorsal neural tube are the most prominent features of the chordate body plan. Although the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of the central nervous system (CNS) have been studied extensively in vertebrate embryos, none of the genes that are expressed exclusively in notochord cells has been shown to function in this process. Here, we report a gene in the urochordate Ciona intestinalis encoding a fibrinogen-like protein that plays a pivotal role in the notochord-dependent positioning of neuronal cells. While this gene (Ci-fibrn) is expressed exclusively in notochord cells, its protein product is not confined to these cells but is distributed underneath the CNS as fibril-like protrusions. We demonstrated that Ci-fibrn interacts physically and functionally with Ci-Notch that is expressed in the central nervous system, and that the correct distribution of Ci-fibrn protein is dependent on Notch signaling. Disturbance of the Ci-fibrn distribution caused an abnormal positioning of neuronal cells and an abnormal track of axon extension. Therefore, it is highly likely that the interaction between the notochord-based fibrinogen-like protein and the neural tube-based Notch signaling plays an essential role in the proper patterning of CNS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.forename: Takamasa S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Nori
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000235:genetics; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism*; D002938:Ciona intestinalis / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009672:Notochord / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051881:Receptor, Notch1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D005340:Fibrinogen