title: Men in the women's world of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer--a systematic review.
abstract: Little is known about men seeking genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). We review the sparse literature on men attending such genetic consultations. Two main themes are identified: the women's influence on the genetic counseling process, and the psychological impact on men. The women in the HBOC families have an influence on the men's decision to request genetic testing, and they take the leading role in communicating genetic information. With respect to psychological impact, the men suffer from grief and fear of developing cancer, and they seem to use avoidance as a coping strategy. Carrier males experience feelings of guilt because they might have passed on a mutation to their children. Non-carriers experience test-related stress if their siblings tested positive. Mutation status may have an impact on reproductive issues. These findings are discussed in light of gender issues and literature concerning men's health behavior. Further studies are needed to provide optimal care for men seeking genetic counseling for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer.
authors.affiliation: Center of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway. nina@tbt.no
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Strømsvik
authors.forename: Målfrid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Råheim
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oyen
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gjengedal
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology*; D003657:Decision Making; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005817:Genetic Counseling / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D006167:Guilt; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008571:Men / Q000523:psychology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D019313:BRCA1 Protein