title: Perception of prescription medicine sample packs among Australian professional, government, industry, and consumer organizations, based on automated textual analysis of one-on-one interviews.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prescription medicine samples provided by pharmaceutical companies are predominantly newer and more expensive products. The range of samples provided to practices may not represent the drugs that the doctors desire to have available. Few studies have used a qualitative design to explore the reasons behind sample use.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to explore the opinions of a variety of Australian key informants about prescription medicine samples, using a qualitative methodology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three organizations involved in quality use of medicines in Australia were identified, based on the authors' previous knowledge. Each organization was invited to nominate 1 or 2 representatives to participate in semistructured interviews utilizing seeding questions. Each interview was recorded and transcribed verbatim. Leximancer v2.25 text analysis software (Leximancer Pty Ltd., Jindalee, Queensland, Australia) was used for textual analysis. The top 10 concepts from each analysis group were interrogated back to the original transcript text to determine the main emergent opinions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 18 key interviewees representing 16 organizations participated. Samples, patient, doctor, and medicines were the major concepts among general opinions about samples. The concept drug became more frequent and the concept companies appeared when marketing issues were discussed. The Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and cost were more prevalent in discussions about alternative sample distribution models, indicating interviewees were cognizant of budgetary implications. Key interviewee opinions added richness to the single-word concepts extracted by Leximancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Participants recognized that prescription medicine samples have an influence on quality use of medicines and play a role in the marketing of medicines. They also believed that alternative distribution systems for samples could provide benefits. The cost of a noncommercial system for distributing samples or starter packs was a concern. These data will be used to design further research investigating alternative models for distribution of samples.
authors.affiliation: University of Queensland, School of Pharmacy, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia. g.kylel@uq.edu.au
authors.forename: Greg J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kyle
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nissen
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tett
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D003255:Consumer Organizations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001330:Electronic Data Processing / Q000379:methods; D006078:Government Programs / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D040541:Marketing / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011639:Public Opinion; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires