title: [Observation of bacteria photodynamic inactivation induced by hematoporphvrin monomethyl ether by atomic force microscope].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the photodynamic inactivation of Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli by hematoporyrin monomethyl ether.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bacteria incubated with different concentrations of hematoporyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) and then irradiated with visual light for 30minutes, bacteria inactivation efficiency was detected with the reduction of colony unit, and morphological changes were observed with atomic force microscope (AFM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicated that 90% of Staphylococcus aureus was photoinactivated by illumination with visible light for 30 min (power density 200 mW/cm2) in the presence of 50 microg/mL HMME. The bacteria killing efficiency to Staphylococcus aureus with light irradiation was much obvious than that in dark at the same concentration of HMME, although without noticeable damage to E. coli with illumination or in dark. AFM ultrastructure images showed that the cells surface of photodynamic inactivated bacteria was all damaged seriously without the leakage of cell contents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that the attacked sites to bacteria cells by hematoporyrin monomethyl ether were bacteria membrane structure. Atomic force microscopy provides us a visual technique to study the mechanism of bacteria reacted with photosensitizers.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Jinan University Guangzhou 510632, China. jinhua0413@163.com
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Hongxia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yaqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Yangzhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jiye
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D006415:Hematoporphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008027:Light; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006415:Hematoporphyrins; C494379:hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether