title: Selective resonance suppression 1H-[13C] NMR spectroscopy with asymmetric adiabatic RF pulses.
abstract: Despite obvious improvements in spectral resolution at high magnetic field, the detection of 13C labeling by 1H-[13C] NMR spectroscopy remains hampered by spectral overlap, such as in the spectral region of 1H resonances bound to C3 of glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln), and C6 of N-acetylaspartate (NAA). The aim of this study was to develop, implement, and apply a novel 1H-[13C] NMR spectroscopic editing scheme, dubbed "selective Resonance suppression by Adiabatic Carbon Editing and Decoupling single-voxel STimulated Echo Acquisition Mode" (RACED-STEAM). The sequence is based on the application of two asymmetric narrow-transition-band adiabatic RF inversion pulses at the resonance frequency of the 13C coupled to the protons that need to be suppressed during the mixing time (TM) period, alternating the inversion band downfield and upfield from the 13C resonance on odd and even scans, respectively, thus suppressing the detection of 1H resonances bound to 13C within the transition band of the inversion pulse. The results demonstrate the efficient suppression of 1H resonances bound to C3 of Glu and Gln, and C4 of Glu, which allows the 1H resonances bound to C6 of NAA and C4 of Gln to be revealed. The measured time course of the resolved labeling into NAA C6 with the new scheme was consistent with the slow turnover of NAA.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging (LIFMET), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Lijing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Hanne
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Frenkel
authors.forename: Vladimír
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mlynárik
authors.forename: Florence D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Morgenthaler
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gruetter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000032:analysis*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011522:Protons; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D011522:Protons; D005973:Glutamine; D018698:Glutamic Acid