title: Estrogen stimulates activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein (Arc) expression via the MAPK- and PI-3K-dependent pathways in SH-SY5Y cells.
abstract: Activity-regulated cytoskeleton associated protein (Arc) is known to be induced by synaptic plasticity following memory consolidation. Since estrogen has been shown to play an important role in synaptogenesis, a key aspect of the synaptic plasticity, we aimed to study the effects of estrogen on Arc expression in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. Using quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and confocal immunocytochemistry techniques we found that estrogen markedly increased Arc mRNA and protein expression in SH-SY5Y cells. Estrogen-activated Arc expression was mediated via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI-3K), but not protein kinase C (PKC) and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), and in the estrogen receptor (ER)-dependent manner. Estrogen also significantly upregulated the dendritic spine scaffolding protein, postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), as well as expression of the presynaptic vesicle protein, synaptophysin. Our findings demonstrate the possible mechanisms of estrogen-induced synaptic plasticity, as well as memory consolidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Siriporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chamniansawat
authors.forename: Sukumal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chongthammakun
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000076122:Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D000076122:Disks Large Homolog 4 Protein; C501449:Dlg4 protein, rat; D004967:Estrogens; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016708:Synaptophysin; C092069:activity regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases