title: Incontinence rates after cutting seton treatment for anal fistula.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of anal incontinence after the use of cutting seton treatment for anal fistula.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature searches were performed on PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar using the words 'cutting seton(s)', 'seton(s)' and 'anal fistula'. An analysis of the data in the collected references was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average rate of incontinence following cutting seton use was 12%. The rate of incontinence increased as the location of the internal opening of the fistula moved more proximally. In the studies that described the types of incontinence, liquid stool was the most common followed closely by flatus incontinence. Incontinence associated with the treatment of fistulas defined as nonspecific cryptoglandular in nature was 18%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high incontinence rates that result from the use of cutting setons suggest that this commonly used therapy can damage the continence musculature. Other techniques that do not involve cutting the sphincter, when available, should be preferred, especially for higher fistulas.
authors.affiliation: RDRR Biotech Consulting, Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sackier
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hodde
mesh_terms: D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D012003:Rectal Fistula / Q000601:surgery*; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*