title: Rapid maxillary expansion for the treatment of nasal obstruction in children younger than 12 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess short- and long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on nasal flow in young children. Since RME has been reported to positively influence nasal obstruction in subjects with respiratory problems by reducing nasal resistance, a similar efficacy of RME could be expected in children with deciduous and/or mixed dentition who are affected by maxillary constriction and nasal obstruction from a different cause.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of children younger than 12 years, with different grades of malocclusion and oral breathing. Data included active anterior rhinomanometry in both the supine and orthostatic positions, as well as radiographic cephalometric measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care university hospital. Data were prospectively collected from 2005 to 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nasal flow and resistance were measured in 65 children younger than 12 years, with mixed or deciduous dentition and different grades of malocclusion and oral breathing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Efficacy of RME for resolution of maxillary constriction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After RME, an improvement of nasal flow and resistance has been recorded in patients, in the supine position, who presented both anterior and posterior obstruction. Less notable changes were shown in isolated forms of obstruction and in the orthostatic position.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cases of maxillary constriction and nasal airway obstruction, RME has proved to be efficient for the improvement of nasal respiration in children via a widening effect on the nasopharyngeal cavity.
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Department of Sensory Organs, University Sapienza II School of Medicine, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Simonetta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Monini
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malagola
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tripodi
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tarentini
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Malagnino
authors.forename: Vania
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marrone
authors.forename: Antonio Ivan
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Lazzarino
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbara
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008437:Maxilla; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D025363:Rhinomanometry