title: [Psychosocial risk exposure among wage earning population in Spain (2004-05): reference values of the 21 dimensions of COPSOQ ISTAS21 questionnaire].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reference values of all the 21 psychosocial scales or dimensions (73 items) of the psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire COPSOQ ISTAS21 are computed from a representative sample of the wage earning population in Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Representative sample of the Spanish wage-earning population, n=7,612. The sampling was multi-stage by conglomerates. The information was obtained by the administration of a standardized questionnaire in the household during 2004-2005. All 21 scales were standardized and three punctuation levels were established and labelled as 'more favourable to health (or green)', 'intermediate (or yellow)' and 'more unfavourable to health (or red)' according two criteria: 1) to obtain groups that follow a tertiles theoretical distribution and 2) to get the 'red' and 'green' groups as equilibrated as possible.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Response rate was 60. Predictability dimension showed the wider difference between 'green' and 'red' proportions (7.14). Role clarity concentred the 35.06 % of population between 100 and 93.75 points, and Sense of community the 29.6% between 100 and 91.67. Double presence and hiding emotions grouped the 34.02% and the 27.74% % of population between 0 and 12.5 points, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  2005 upgraded representative reference values of the 21 COPSOQ ISTAS21 psychosocial dimensions for the wage earning population in Spain are available, necessary premise to diagnose risk situations and prioritize the needed preventive actions at company level.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Referencia en Organización del Trabajo y Salud, Instituto Sindical de Trabajo, Ambiente y Salud (ISTAS), Barcelona. smoncada@ccoo.cat
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moncada Lluís
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Llorens Serrano
authors.forename: Ariadna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Font Corominas
authors.forename: Ariadna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galtés Camps
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Navarro Giné
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003625:Data Collection; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D016272:Occupational Health; D011584:Psychology; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013030:Spain; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*