Ethnic differences in cardiometabolic risk profile in an overweight/obese paediatric cohort in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional study.
BACKGROUND
Differences in prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors between different ethnic groups are largely unknown. We determined the variation in cardiometabolic risk profile according to ethnicity in a cohort overweight/obese Dutch children.


METHODS
An oral glucose tolerance test was performed in 516 overweight/obese Dutch children of multi-ethnic origin, attending an obesity out-patient clinic of an urban general hospital (mean age 10.6 +/- 3.2; 55.2% boys). Anthropometric parameters and blood samples were collected, and the prevalence of (components of) the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance were determined in each ethnic group.


RESULTS
Major ethnic groups were Dutch native (18.4%), Turkish (28.1%), and Moroccan (25.8%). The remaining group (27.7%) consisted of children with other ethnicities. Turkish children had the highest mean standardized BMI compared to Dutch native children (P < 0.05). As compared to Moroccan children, they had a higher prevalence of MetS (22.8% vs. 12.8%), low HDL-cholesterol (37.9% vs. 25.8%), hypertension (29.7% vs. 18.0%) and insulin resistance (54.9% vs. 37.4%, all P < 0.05). Although Turkish children also had higher prevalences of forementioned risk factors than Dutch native children, these differences were not statistically significant. Insulin resistance was associated with MetS in the Turkish and Moroccan subgroup (OR 6.6; 95%CI, 2.4-18.3 and OR 7.0; 95%CI, 2.1-23.1, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
In a Dutch cohort of overweight/obese children, Turkish children showed significantly higher prevalences of cardiometabolic risk factors relative to their peers of Moroccan descent. The prospective value of these findings needs to be established as this may warrant the need for differential ethnic-specific preventive measures.
van Vliet
Mariska
M
Department of Paediatrics, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. ma.vanvliet@vumc.nl
von Rosenstiel
Inès A
IA
Schindhelm
Roger K
RK
Brandjes
Desiderius P M
DP
Beijnen
Jos H
JH
Diamant
Michaela
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D000886:Anthropometry; D001208:Asia / Q000208:ethnology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000208:ethnology; D007843:Latin America / Q000208:ethnology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology*; D009018:Morocco / Q000208:ethnology; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology; D050177:Overweight / Q000208:ethnology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000208:ethnology
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids