Prevalence of muzzle-rubbing and hand-rubbing behavior in wild chimpanzees in Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania.
In 1998, four chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania, were observed wiping their mouths with non-detached leaves or stalks of grass, or rubbing their mouths with a tree trunk or branch, especially while eating lemons. The number of mouth-wiping/rubbing individuals increased to 18 in 1999. By 2005, 29 chimpanzees were documented wiping/rubbing their muzzles in this way. Although it is difficult to determine whether the chimpanzees acquired this behavior as a result of trial and error or social learning, the fact that chimpanzees at other sites perform this behavior with detached leaves or leafy twigs much more often than with intact items suggests the possibility that cleaning with intact plant parts at Mahale spread via social learning.
Corp
Nadia
N
Staffordshire University, Staffordshire, UK.
Hayaki
Hitoshige
H
Matsusaka
Takahisa
T
Fujita
Shiho
S
Hosaka
Kazuhiko
K
Kutsukake
Nobuyuki
N
Nakamura
Michio
M
Nakamura
Miho
M
Nishie
Hitonaru
H
Shimada
Masaki
M
Zamma
Koichiro
K
Wallauer
William
W
Nishida
Toshisada
T
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D006120:Grooming / Q000502:physiology*; D019370:Observation; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000502:physiology*; D013636:Tanzania