title: Disrupted sleep and circadian patterns in frontotemporal dementia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A study of the pattern of Sleep/Wake disturbance in frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sleep diaries and prolonged actigraphy were used to record the activity, sleep and wake of 13 patients with a clinical diagnosis of FTD. These were compared with diaries and actigraphy from normal age/sex matched controls and also to a population with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was significant sleep/wake disturbance in FTD. This occurred throughout the course of the illness and the nature of the sleep disturbance was different to patients with AD. FTD subjects showed increased nocturnal activity and decreased morning activity compared with controls, suggesting possible phase delay. Sleep diary data confirmed decreased sleep efficiency and decreased total sleep in all FTD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We describe significant sleep disturbance in non-institutionalized patients with FTD and suggest that early sleep disturbance may help differentiate between FTD and AD.
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Neurosciences, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle-upon-tyne, UK. kirstie.anderson@nuth.nhs.uk
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hatfield
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kipps
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hastings
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hodges
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003704:Dementia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012890:Sleep; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*