title: Expression and DNA microarray analysis of a platelet activating factor-related molecule in severe pneumonia in mice due to influenza virus and bacterial co-infection.
abstract: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a critical mediator of severe inflammatory diseases such as pneumonia, and the PAF-receptor (PAFR) is known to be an anchor for Streptococcus pneumoniae attachment to lung epithelial cells. We conducted a DNA microarray analysis to detect critical factors that mediate fulminant pneumonia due to influenza virus and S. pneumoniae co-infection in mice. Among the factors detected, levels of PAF-acetyl hydrolase (PAF-AH), which functions as inactivated PAF, were significantly increased, and PAFR was expressed in co-infected mouse lungs, as compared to the respective levels in mice infected with either S. pneumoniae or virus alone. Significantly elevated PAF-AH enzymatic activity was observed in the co-infected mouse lung, suggesting that co-infection activated PAF-related factors. These findings suggest that PAF and related molecules play important roles in fulminant pneumonia due to influenza virus infection, especially when severe bacterial pneumonia is complicated by co-infection with influenza virus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan. seki@nagasaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kosai
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Izumikawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kakeya
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mukae
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000302:isolation & purification; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D048348:Reverse Transcription; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase