title: Inhibition of neutrophil infiltration by a malleable protein matrix of lactic acid bacteria-fermented whey proteins in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A novel nutraceutical ingredient, the Malleable Protein Matrix (MPM), has previously demonstrated a significant anti-inflammatory effect in a systemic inflammatory disease model, comparable to conventional drugs. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory effects of MPM on neutrophil infiltration in vivo, phagocytosis activity as well as cytokine and chemokine production.
  
  
  METHODS
  Groups of ten C57BL\6J mice received water or MPM per os for a period of 2 weeks prior to the creation of a murine air pouch. The subsequent neutrophil recruitment and activities were characterized following lipopolysaccharide injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the water control group, the number of recruited cells was 1.8X10(7) cells/pouch, which was reduced to 9X10(6) cells/pouch with oral MPM consumption, representing an inhibition of 50% of infiltrating leukocytes. A considerable reduction in the cytokine and chemokine production, mostly TNFalpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 production in the MPM-treated group, suggested an inhibition of the mediators responsible for leukocyte extravasation. On the other hand, MPM consumption had no effect on neutrophil phagocytosis activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MPM administration demonstrates a significant reduction of neutrophil infiltration associated with an inhibition of cytokine and chemokine production. The air pouch model shares similarities with in vivo characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis and neutrophilic diseases, both of which would benefit from this 50% inhibition of neutrophil infiltration induced by MPM.
authors.affiliation: Institut national de la recherche scientifique, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Québec, Canada. josee.beaulieu@iaf.inrs.ca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beaulieu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dupont
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lemieux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007777:Lactobacillaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000276:immunology*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins