title: Technique of laparoscopic ventral hernia repair can be modified to successfully repair large defects in patients with loss of domain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair (LVHR) can be challenging in patients with large abdominal wall defects and loss of domain (LOD). When hernia contents are reduced, the pneumoperitoneum preferentially fills the sac, leaving no space for mesh manipulation. This study presents a modification for LVHR in LOD patients, as well as outcomes for a series of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between September 2002 and August 2004, 10 patients with large ventral hernias and LOD underwent attempts at LVHR. The technique is modified by placing additional trocars to allow for fixation from above the mesh. Patient data were harvested from a prospective database and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All hernias were recurrent in nature. Mean defect size was 626 cm(2), requiring 1 to 4 pieces of sutured Gore Dualmesh for a tension-free repair. Three patients' procedures were aborted after adhesiolysis, with concerns about missed enterotomies. All 3 underwent delayed mesh placement within the same hospitalization. Only 2 were successful. The third patient had significant bowel edema precluding mesh placement. Two patients were converted to open repairs (Rives-Stoppa and component separation). There were no mortalities, but there were 2 major complications: inferior vena cava thrombosis and transient abdominal compartment syndrome. In follow-up (7.7 months) there were 2 recurrences secondary to excision of infected mesh.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to obtain a successful LVHR in patients with large defects and LOD. The technique is complex and is modified to allow for mesh fixation from above the mesh. Frequent change in patient positioning allows for visualization below the fascial defect.
authors.affiliation: Association of South Bay Surgeons, Torrance, California, USA.
authors.forename: Mercedeh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baghai
authors.forename: Bruce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ramshaw
authors.forename: C Daniel
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fearing
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bachman
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramaswamy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D005260:Female; D006555:Hernia, Ventral / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D012008:Recurrence; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D013536:Suture Techniques; D055815:Young Adult