title: Blueberry eye: acquired total anterior staphyloma after a fungal corneal ulcer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study were to report the presentation and management of an acquired total anterior staphyloma that resulted from a fungal corneal ulcer and to discuss its pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case report. Clinical observation and surgical intervention of a patient who developed a total anterior staphyloma after a partially treated fungal corneal ulcer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient presented with a large traumatic fungal ulcer but was poorly compliant with follow-up and medications. He subsequently presented with a large total anterior staphyloma that resulted from perforation of the ulcer with plugging of the defect with iris and formation of a pseudocornea over the iris. The anterior staphyloma measured 15 x 16 mm and progressed to a stage where the patient was unable to close his eyelids and required a sclerokeratoplasty. Currently, vision is poor from amblyopia and a cloudy graft; however, the eye is intact and comfortable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anterior staphylomas usually result from untreated fungal ulcers in developing nations. Poor compliance with medications and follow-up was the cause of our patient's anterior staphyloma. Sclerokeratoplasty can restore the globe structurally but has poor visual prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0284, USA.
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Grieser
authors.forename: Sonal S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Tuli
authors.forename: Almira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chabi
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Downer
mesh_terms: D000550:Amblyopia / Q000150:complications; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016039:Corneal Transplantation; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012590:Sclera / Q000601:surgery; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents