title: Low glyphosate rates do not affect Citrus limonia (L.) Osbeck seedlings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glyphosate is used to control weeds in citrus orchards, and accidental spraying or wind drift onto the seedlings may cause growth arrest owing to metabolism disturbance. Two experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of non-lethal rates (0, 180, 360 and 720 g AI ha(-1)) of glyphosate on four-month-old 'Cravo' lime, Citrus limonia (L.) Osbeck, seedlings. Photosynthesis and the concentrations of shikimic acid, total free amino acids and phenolic acids were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only transitory effects were observed in the contents of shikimate and total free amino acids. No visual effects were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study showed that glyphosate at non-lethal rates, which is very usual when accidental spraying or wind drift occurs in citrus orchard, did not cause severe metabolic damage in 'Cravo' lime seedlings.
authors.affiliation: Gravena Pesquisa, Consultoria e Treinamento Agrícola Ltda., Rod. SP253, Km 221,5, Caixa Postal 546, CEP 14870-990, Jaboticabal, SP, BR.
authors.forename: Renan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gravena
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Victoria Filho
authors.forename: Pedro Luis Ca
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mazzafera
authors.forename: Adriana R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gravena
mesh_terms: D002957:Citrus / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D005998:Glycine; D006540:Herbicides; D000097797:Glyphosate