title: A pilot trial comparing the availability of vitamins C, B6, and B12 from a vitamin-fortified water and food source in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In a cross-over randomized pilot study, the relative absorption of vitamins C, B(6) and B(12) were tested using a commercial vitamin-water (VW) and a standardized mixed meal (MM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve adults (22.9+/-3.7 years), received the VW and the MM, randomly ordered, with a minimum 7-day washout period between. Blood was drawn pre-ingestion and over a post-ingestion period of 300+ min. Test meal quantities were formulated to contain equal amounts of vitamins B(6), B(12), and C as per the water label. Analysis revealed that a scaling factor had to be used to balance the actual content differences between test products.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the adjusted numbers for actual water vitamin concentration, there were no differences in the maximum concentration and the 5-h area under the curve for vitamins B(6), B(12) or C between the VW and the MM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VW was found to provide similar in vivo nutrition as the test MM at a caloric saving.
authors.affiliation: Miami Research Associates, 6141 Sunset Drive #301, Miami, FL 33143, USA. dkalman@miamiresearch.com
authors.forename: Douglas S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kalman
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Howard I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Diane R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Krieger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D025101:Vitamin B 6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D025101:Vitamin B 6; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D001205:Ascorbic Acid