A direct RP-HPLC method for the determination of furanic aldehydes and acids in honey.
In this study 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (HMF), 2-furaldehyde, 3-furaldehyde, 2-furoic acid and 3-furoic acid are contemporarily determined in honey using a swift and direct RP-HPLC approach. The validation protocol was performed in terms of detection and quantification limits, precision (by repeatability and reproducibility), linearity and accuracy (by recovery tests); the acceptability of the precision and accuracy results was positively verified using Horwitz's model and AOAC guidelines, respectively. The method was tested on 18 honey samples of different ages, and botanical and geographical origin. HMF and 2-furaldehyde correlated highly with the age of the samples, whereas no correlation was observed with regards to 2-furaldehyde and 2-furoic acid. Hypotheses relating to the formation of minority furanic compounds are also proposed.
Spano
Nadia
N
Università degli Studi di Sassari, Dipartimento di Chimica, Sassari, Italy.
Ciulu
Marco
M
Floris
Ignazio
I
Panzanelli
Angelo
A
Pilo
Maria I
MI
Piu
Paola C
PC
Salis
Severyn
S
Sanna
Gavino
G
D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000032:analysis*; D005663:Furans / Q000032:analysis*; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D005663:Furans; D005662:Furaldehyde; C060089:2-furoic acid