title: Role of high-resolution ultrasonography without and with real-time spatial compound imaging in evaluating the injured posterior cruciate ligament: preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to compare high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS) without and with compound imaging in evaluating the injured posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients with a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diagnosis of PCL lesions (ten acute and three chronic) and 20 healthy controls underwent conventional and compound HRUS performed by the same radiologist who was blinded to the subjects' case-control status. The PCL was scanned in a longitudinal direction in all cases. HRUS images were assessed for PCL thickness by two other radiologists blinded to the number and type of PCL injury. PCLs were classified as normal or injured, and the latter as having acute or chronic injuries. Inter-method reproducibility of measuring PCL thickness was assessed on conventional and compound HRUS images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete agreement in classifying normal or injured PCL and acute or chronic PCL injuries was achieved. PCL thickness in volunteers was 4.5+/-0.7 mm on conventional images and 4.6+/-0.7 mm on compound images. On conventional and compound HRUS images, the thickness of acutely injured PCL was 9.1+/-1.5 mm and 9.2+/-1.7 mm, respectively, and that of chronically injured PCL was 7+/-0.9 mm and 7+/-0.8 mm. Inter-method reproducibility of PCL thickness measurements on conventional vs. compound HRUS images was 98.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HRUS is a reliable technique for studying the PCL and detecting PCL injuries.
authors.affiliation: DIBIMEL, Sezione di Scienze Radiologiche, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Via del Vespro 127, 90127, Palermo, Italy. drdiving@yahoo.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sorrentino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iovane
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicosia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Candela
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Midiri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lagalla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014463:Ultrasonography