title: Favorable response to intrathecal, but not oral, baclofen of priapism in a patient with spinal cord injury.
abstract: METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To retrieve data about the utility of intrathecal baclofen for the treatment of otherwise refractory priapism that may occur in patients with spinal spasticity.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Baclofen exerts well-known inhibitory effects on sexual function both in animals and humans. This observation led to the introduction of oral baclofen in the treatment of refractory and recurrent idiopathic priapism.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a 41-year-old male patient who sustained a severe traumatic spinal cord injury in a motor vehicle accident. On clinical examination he presented with tetraplegia (motor level C3). Initial cervical magnetic resonance imaging showed a C3 to C4 lesion with a herniated disc and compression of the dural sac. One month later the patient developed priapism episodes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  He received oral baclofen with only minimal beneficial effect on priapism. Eight months postinjury the patient underwent a test-trial with intrathecal baclofen bolus, which caused absence of priapism for 10 hours. One month later, an intrathecal pump system was implanted, leading to absence of priapism episodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present case report, reduction of supraspinal control on the spinal cord may have induced an up-regulation of GABAB receptors, which are involved in penile tumescence. The trauma induced also liberation of penile reflexes with episodes of priapism. Normal full blood count and color duplex ultrasonography of the penis excluded a vascular genesis of priapism. This is the first report about the utility of intrathecal baclofen for the successful control of otherwise untreatable priapism in a patient with severe spinal spasticity. Hence, evaluation of intrathecal baclofen should be considered in patients suffering from severe and/or frequent priapism when oral baclofen and/or hormonal therapy are ineffective. The beneficial effect of intrathecal, but not oral baclofen, in our patient suggests a dose-dependent effect.
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Messina, Italy. gngdaleo@alice.it
authors.forename: Giangaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Aleo
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rifici
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kofler
authors.forename: Leopold
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saltuari
authors.forename: Placido
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bramanti
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001418:Baclofen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004525:Efferent Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058786:GABA-B Receptor Agonists; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011317:Priapism / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018080:Receptors, GABA-B / Q000378:metabolism; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018755:GABA Agonists; D058786:GABA-B Receptor Agonists; D018080:Receptors, GABA-B; D001418:Baclofen