title: Antiulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil from Pterodon emarginatus seeds.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this work was to investigate the antiulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil from Pterodon emarginatus seeds.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following tests were used: ulcers induced by ethanol, indometacin and HCl/ethanol, and pleurisy induced by carrageenan in Swiss albino rats. The rats were treated by the oral route with essential oil of P. emarginatus seeds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The essential oil at 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg exhibited significant protection against ulcers induced by ethanol, indometacin and HCl/ethanol (P < 0.001). The essential oil caused a marked reduction in the exudate volume and inhibited leucocyte and neutrophil influx (P < 0.05) in carrageenan-induced pleurisy. Moreover, the essential oil significantly decreased nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) levels, without affecting tumour necrosis factor-alpha production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrated the marked antiulcerogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oil from P. emarginatus, which are, at least in part, a consequence of NO and IL-1 modulation. P. emarginatus or its constituents might represent new therapeutic options to treat gastric ulcers and inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Núcleo de Identificação e Quantificação Analítica, Faculdade de Farmácia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dutra
authors.forename: Marcelo B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Fava
authors.forename: Caio C S
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Ana P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Nádia R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Barbosa
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001938:Brazil; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000633:toxicity; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced; D010998:Pleurisy / Q000139:chemically induced; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D000081222:Monocyclic Sesquiterpenes; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C445979:beta-elemene; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000431:Ethanol; C042686:humulene; C013258:spathulenol; D011899:Ranitidine; D002351:Carrageenan; C024714:caryophyllene; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; C470416:germacrene D synthase; D009853:Omeprazole; D007213:Indomethacin