title: Localization and control of activity in peripheral nerves.
abstract: Interest in the field of the natural control of human limb using physiological signals has risen dramatically in the past 20 years due to the success of the brain machine interface. Cortical signals carry significant information but are difficult to access. The peripheral nerves of the body carry both command and sensory signals and are far more accessible. While numerous studies have documented the selective stimulation properties of, conventionally round, nerve cuff electrodes (i.e., transverse geometry) and even self-sizing electrodes, recording the activity levels from individual fascicles using these electrodes is still an unsolved problem. Moreover, the control algorithms for the control of joint movement with multiple contact electrodes such as the flat interface nerve electrode (FINE) have been difficult to implement. We propose solutions to both these problems by using beam forming techniques to detect the location and the activity in various fascicles. We also developed a control algorithm that separates the dynamic from the passive properties to solve the redundancy problem in multiple joint problems. This techniques could find application in the natural control of artificial limbs from peripheral nerve signals for patients with amputated limbs or to restore function in patients with stroke or paralyzed limbs.
authors.affiliation: Neural Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, OH, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wodlinger
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000465:Algorithms; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004566:Electrodes; D004568:Electrodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010243:Paralysis / Q000473:pathology; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors