title: Efficacy of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against PCR-positive acute otitis media.
abstract: We aimed to assess the efficacy of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against acute otitis media (AOM) positive by pneumolysin-PCR (Ply-PCR). 1662 infants vaccinated with PncCRM or control vaccine using random allocation were followed for AOM up to 24 months of age. When AOM was diagnosed a middle ear fluid sample was obtained for etiological assays. During the per protocol follow-up period the PncCRM vaccine efficacy was 19% against Ply-PCR-positive AOM but only 3% when culture-positive cases were excluded. The data do not support effect of PncCRM on AOM in which only Ply-PCR suggests pneumococcal etiology.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Tampere School of Public Health, Tampere, Finland. arto.palmu@thl.fi
authors.forename: Arto A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Palmu
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saukkoriipi
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jokinen
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leinonen
authors.forename: Terhi M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kilpi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate