title: Effect of Citrus paradisi extract and juice on arterial pressure both in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Citrus paradisi (grapefruit) consumption is considered as beneficial and it is popularly used for the treatment of a vast array of diseases, including hypertension. In the present study, the coronary vasodilator and hypotensive effects of Citrus paradisi peel extract were assessed in the Langendorff isolated and perfused heart model and in the heart and lung dog preparation. In both models, Citrus paradisi peel extract decreased coronary vascular resistance and mean arterial pressure when compared with control values (60 +/- 15 x 10(7) dyn s cm(-5) vs 100 +/- 10 x 10(7) dyn s cm(-5) and 90 mmHg vs 130 +/- 15 mmHg, respectively). These decreases in coronary vascular resistance and mean arterial pressure were blocked when isolated and perfused hearts and mongrel dogs were pre-treated with L-NAME. In humans, Citrus paradisi juice decreased diastolic arterial pressure and systolic arterial pressure both in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Citrus paradisi juice produced a greater decrease in mean arterial pressure when compared with Citrus sinensis juice, cow milk and a vitamin C-supplemented beverage. However, more detailed studies are required to isolate, purify and evaluate the chemical compounds responsible for this pharmacological effect and to clarify its possible role for treating hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología 'Ignacio Chávez', Juan Badiano No. 1, Sección XVI, 14080, Tlalpan, México D.F., México. JulietaAnabell@terra.com.mx
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Díaz-Juárez
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Tenorio-López
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zarco-Olvera
authors.forename: L Del
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Valle-Mondragón
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Torres-Narváez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pastelín-Hernández
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D032083:Citrus paradisi / Q000737:chemistry; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester