title: Quantitative analysis of peripheral tissue perfusion using spatiotemporal molecular dynamics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accurate measurement of peripheral tissue perfusion is challenging but necessary to diagnose peripheral vascular insufficiency. Because near infrared (NIR) radiation can penetrate relatively deep into tissue, significant attention has been given to intravital NIR fluorescence imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We developed a new optical imaging-based strategy for quantitative measurement of peripheral tissue perfusion by time-series analysis of local pharmacokinetics of the NIR fluorophore, indocyanine green (ICG). Time-series NIR fluorescence images were obtained after injecting ICG intravenously in a murine hindlimb ischemia model. Mathematical modeling and computational simulations were used for translating time-series ICG images into quantitative pixel perfusion rates and a perfusion map. We could successfully predict the prognosis of ischemic hindlimbs based on the perfusion profiles obtained immediately after surgery, which were dependent on the preexisting collaterals. This method also reflected increases in perfusion and improvements in prognosis of ischemic hindlimbs induced by treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor and COMP-angiopoietin-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose that this novel NIR-imaging-based strategy is a powerful tool for biomedical studies related to the evaluation of therapeutic interventions directed at stimulating angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yujung
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Myunghwan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jungsul
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gou Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Kihwan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Chulhee
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000473:pathology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010477:Perfusion; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C515576:COMP-Ang1 fusion protein; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D007208:Indocyanine Green