Direct detection of carcinoembryonic antigen autoantibodies in clinical human serum samples using a surface plasmon resonance sensor.
The ability to detect biomarkers in human serum is important for cancer diagnostics. The work presented focuses on the establishment of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor as a means for detecting varying levels of autoantibody biomarkers in human serum samples. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a biomarker that is present in human serum. It is thought that CEA levels become elevated in patients with colon and ovarian cancer, causing a corresponding increase in the autoantibody level in human serum. Detection of this CEA autoantibody increase could be used to diagnose cancer in patients. Using a SPR biosensor, human serum samples were screened directly for CEA antibody levels. Results using a sandwich assay with a SPR sensor demonstrated the same linear trend as seen from an established enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Serum samples from five healthy individuals were used to establish a threshold value for differentiating a cancerous serum sample from a negative sample with a 95% confidence. Three serum samples from cancer patients with positive CEA antibody levels as evaluated by ELISA were used to test the criterion.
Ladd
Jon
J
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Lu
Hailing
H
Taylor
Allen D
AD
Goodell
Vivian
V
Disis
Mary L
ML
Jiang
Shaoyi
S
D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000379:methods*
D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine