title: Birth of mice from vitrified/warmed 2-cell embryos transported at a cold temperature.
abstract: Cryopreservation of 2-cell embryos is an effective technology for storage of genetically engineered mouse strains. Transport of genetically engineered mice between laboratories has frequently been performed using such cryopreserved 2-cell embryos. However, the receiving laboratory requires proficient skills and special instruments to obtain live young from cryopreserved and transported embryos. Therefore, in this study, we tried to address the storage and transport of vitrified/warmed 2-cell embryos at a cold temperature. In cold storage experiments, the development rates of 2-cell embryos stored in M2 medium for 24, 48 and 72 h into blastocysts were relatively high (83%, 63% and 43%, respectively). Although, 2-cell embryos stored in PB1 and mWM maintained the developmental potency for 24h, the rates were markedly decreased to low levels after 48 h (PB1: 0%; mWM: 5%). In transport experiments, many pups were obtained from vitrified/warmed 2-cell embryos transported at a cold temperature in all receiving laboratories (incidence of successful development: 49%; 249/511). In summary, short-term storage and transport of vitrified/warmed 2-cell embryos in M2 medium at a cold temperature can maintain their ability to develop into live young.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeo
authors.forename: Takehito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Yukie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haruguchi
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Machida
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: Toyokazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuguma
authors.forename: Shuuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuchiyama
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Motohito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyachi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anzai
authors.forename: Ena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nakatsukasa
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nomaru
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakagata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology*; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal; D013997:Time Factors; D014186:Transportation
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents