title: Symptoms of depression in non-routine caregivers: the role of caregiver strain and burden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The origins and persistence of psychological morbidity in caregivers are not fully understood. The present analysis examined the relationship between the strain and burden of caregiving and depression and anxiety in a large community sample. Social support and sleep quality were investigated as potential mediators.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional and prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals caring for someone other than their own child (N=393) were identified from a population of 2,079. Caregiving strain and burden, social support, and sleep quality were assessed. Participants completed the hospital anxiety and depression scale at the same time and 5 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Caregiving strain and burden were associated with depression and anxiety symptoms cross-sectionally, and with a worsening of symptoms 5 years later. Sleep quality appeared to mediate the cross-sectional relationships.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The demands of caregiving and associated sleep disruption contribute to symptoms of depression and anxiety in caregivers.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. A.C.Phillips@bham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Anna C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Geoff
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Der
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carroll
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012606:Scotland; D012737:Sex Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires