title: Experimenting and daily smokers: episodic patterns of alcohol and cigarette use.
abstract: Alcohol use may facilitate the development of nicotine dependence. Alcohol is often paired with cigarette smoking, particularly in those experimenting with smoking. However, little research has examined episodic patterns of alcohol and cigarette use. This study examined patterns of alcohol and cigarette use in a college-aged sample (n=237) designated as experimenters or smokers based on their smoking history. Participants reported their consumption of drinks and cigarettes by hour, for each hour, of a typical drinking and smoking episode. Self-reported pleasure and desire associated with smoking generally and while drinking was assessed. No group difference was observed in total number of drinks. However, experimenters delayed smoking until more drinks were consumed, suggesting they smoked after reaching binge levels of alcohol. By contrast, smokers smoked after fewer drinks. Both groups reported increased smoking while drinking and increased pleasure and desire when smoking while drinking. The increase was greater in experimenters. Concurrent alcohol and cigarette use may facilitate the development of tobacco dependence and interventions interrupting their pairing might impede the transition from experimenter to smoker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. emily.harrison@yale.edu
authors.forename: Emily L R
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Riley E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hinson
authors.forename: Sherry A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: McKee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009864:Ontario; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult