title: Determinants of outcome after colorectal resection within an enhanced recovery programme.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative outcomes were studied in relation to adverse nutritional risk (body mass index (BMI) below 20 kg/m(2)), advanced age (80 years or more) and co-morbidity (American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade III-IV) in patients undergoing colorectal resection within an enhanced recovery after surgery programme.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcomes were audited prospectively in 1035 patients. Morbidity and mortality were compared with those predicted using the Portsmouth Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity, and a multivariable model was used to determine independent predictors of outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative morbidity was lower than predicted (observed to expected 0.68; P < 0.001). Independent predictors of delayed mobilization were ASA III-IV (P < 0.001) and advanced age (P = 0.025). Prolonged hospital stay was related to advanced age (P = 0.002), ASA III-IV (P < 0.001), male sex (P = 0.037) and rectal surgery (P < 0.001). Morbidity was related to ASA III-IV (P = 0.004), male sex (P = 0.023) and rectal surgery (P = 0.002). None of the factors predicted 30-day mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age and nutritional status were not independent determinants of morbidity or mortality. Pre-existing co-morbidity was an independent predictor of several outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, UK. paul.hendry@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Hendry
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hausel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nygren
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lassen
authors.forename: C H C
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Dejong
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ljungqvist
authors.forename: K C H
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Fearon
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003106:Colon / Q000601:surgery*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D004434:Early Ambulation; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome