title: Annexins in human breast cancer: Possible predictors of pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
abstract: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is used in women who have large or locally advanced breast cancers. However, up to 70% of women who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy fail to achieve a complete pathological response in their primary tumour (a surrogate marker of long-term survival). Five proteins, previously identified to be linked with chemoresistance in our in vitro experiments, were identified histochemically in pre-treatment core needle biopsies from 40 women with large or locally advanced breast cancers. Immunohistochemical staining with the five proteins showed no single protein to be a predictor of response to chemotherapy. However, pre-treatment breast cancer specimens that were annexin-A2 positive but annexin-A1 negative correlated with a poor pathological response (p=0.04, Fisher's exact test). The mechanisms by which annexins confer chemoresistance have not been identified, but may be due to inhibition of apoptosis. Annexin-A1 has been shown to enhance apoptosis, whilst annexin-A2, by contrast, inhibits apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Surgery, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, E Floor, West Block, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. Electronic address: sisueb@yahoo.co.uk.
authors.forename: Suebwong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chuthapisith
authors.affiliation: PathLinks, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, UK.
authors.forename: Beverley E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Bean
authors.affiliation: PathLinks, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, UK.
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cowley
authors.affiliation: Lincoln Breast Unit, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, UK.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Eremin
authors.affiliation: Lincoln Breast Unit, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, UK.
authors.forename: Srila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samphao
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Layfield
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, UK.
authors.forename: Ian D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.affiliation: Lincoln Breast Unit, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, UK.
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiseman
authors.affiliation: Lincoln Breast Unit, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, UK.
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Sheemy
authors.affiliation: Lincoln Breast Unit, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, UK.
authors.forename: Thiagarajan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sreenivasan
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, E Floor, West Block, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; Lincoln Breast Unit, Lincoln County Hospital, Lincoln, UK.
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Eremin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017305:Annexin A1 / Q000032:analysis*; D017306:Annexin A2 / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D017305:Annexin A1; D017306:Annexin A2; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen