title: Influence of lumbar lordosis restoration on thoracic curve and sagittal position in lumbar degenerative kyphosis patients.
abstract: METHODS
  A retrospective study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine postsurgical correlations between thoracic and lumbar sagittal curves in lumbar degenerative kyphosis (LDK) and to determine predictability of spontaneous correction of thoracic curve and sacral angle after surgical restoration of lumbar lordosis and fusion.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  To our knowledge, there are only a limited number of articles about the relationship between thoracic and lumbar curve in sagittal thoracic compensated LDK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of 53 consecutive patients treated with combined anterior and posterior spinal arthrodesis. We included patients with sagittal thoracic compensated LDK caused by sagittal imbalance in this study. Total lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, sacral slope, and C7 plumb line were measured on the pre- and postoperative whole spine lateral views. Postoperative changes in thoracic kyphosis, sacral slope, and C7 plumb line according to the surgical lumbar lordosis restoration were measured and evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean preoperative sagittal imbalance by plumb line was 78.3 mm (+/-76.5); this improved to 13.6 mm (+/-25) after surgery (P < 0.0001). Mean lumbar lordosis was 9.4 degrees (+/-19.2) before surgery and increased to 38.4 degrees (+/-13.1) at follow-up (P < 0.0001). Mean thoracic kyphosis was 1.1 degrees (+/-12.7) before surgery and increased to 17.6 degrees (+/-12.2) at follow-up (P < 0.0001). Significant preoperative correlations existed between kyphosis and lordosis (r = 0.772, P < 0.0001) and between lordosis and sacral slope (r = 0.785, P < 0.0001). Postoperative lumbar lordosis is correlated to thoracic kyphosis increase (r = 0.620, P < 0.0001). Postoperative lumbar lordosis is correlated to sacral slope increase (r = 0.722, P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reciprocal relationship exists between lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis in sagittal thoracic compensated LDK. Surgical restoration of lumbar lordosis for LDK brings about high level of statistical correlation to thoracic kyphosis improvement. At the same time, the reciprocal relationship is maintained.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul Wooridul Hospital, Seoul, Korea. spinejjs@yahoo.co.kr
authors.forename: Jee-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Sang-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jun-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Dae Hyeon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Maeng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017586:Diskectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008141:Lordosis; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D055009:Spondylosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome