title: BRG1 requirement for long-range interaction of a locus control region with a downstream promoter.
abstract: The dynamic packaging of DNA into chromatin is a fundamental step in the control of diverse nuclear processes. Whereas certain transcription factors and chromosomal components promote the formation of higher-order chromatin loops, the co-regulator machinery mediating loop assembly and disassembly is unknown. Using mice bearing a hypomorphic allele of the BRG1 chromatin remodeler, we demonstrate that the Brg1 mutation abrogated a cell type-specific loop between the beta-globin locus control region and the downstream beta major promoter, despite trans-acting factor occupancy at both sites. By contrast, distinct loops were insensitive to the Brg1 mutation. Molecular analysis with a conditional allele of GATA-1, a key regulator of hematopoiesis, in a novel cell-based system provided additional evidence that BRG1 functions early in chromatin domain activation to mediate looping. Although the paradigm in which chromatin remodelers induce nucleosome structural transitions is well established, our results demonstrating an essential role of BRG1 in the genesis of specific chromatin loops expands the repertoire of their functions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Shin-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Scott J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bultman
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kiefer
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: Emery H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Bresnick
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics*; D050982:GATA1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D055544:beta-Globins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D050982:GATA1 Transcription Factor; C494689:Gata1 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009707:Nucleosomes; D014157:Transcription Factors; D055544:beta-Globins; D004247:DNA; C513194:Smarca4 protein, mouse; D004265:DNA Helicases