title: Expanded median forehead flap and abbé flap for nasal and upper lip reconstruction after complications of polymethylmethacrylate.
abstract: Despite the benefits from the minimally invasive technique, complications may occur, raising doubts about the safety of polymethylmethacrylate as an injectable filler material. The authors report their treatment of a patient from another institution with necrosis involving full-thickness nasal skin and upper lip after injection of polymethylmethacrylate in the nasolabial folds and nose for augmentation. An expanded median forehead flap was used to reconstruct the nose, and an Abbé flap was used for the upper lip. The flaps and the skin expander allowed reconstruction with correct texture, color, and dimensions, producing a good aesthetic and functional outcome.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Cirurgia Plástica Santa Cruz, Rua Santa Cruz, 398, Sao Paulo, SP, 04122-000, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jason César Abrantes
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de Figueiredo
authors.forename: Renato Rodrigues
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Naufal
authors.forename: Antonio Gustavo
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Zampar
authors.forename: José Marcos
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mélega
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009666:Nose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016038:Skin Transplantation
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate