title: Evaluation of the severity of mitral stenosis with a new index: isovolumic myocardial acceleration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although right ventricular (RV) systolic dysfunction is an important indicator for the severity of mitral stenosis (MS), its diagnosis is difficult before systemic signs of venous congestion occur. We assessed the association between tissue Doppler (TDI)-derived isovolumic myocardial acceleration (IVA) and the severity of MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 112 MS patients (79 mild to moderate, 33 severe MS). Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiographic parameters (mitral valve area, transmitral diastolic gradients, pulmonary artery pressure, RV fractional shortening, pulmonary flow acceleration time, tricuspid valve annular systolic excursion) were calculated. Additionally, TDI-derived systolic velocities of the tricuspid annulus (IVA, peak myocardial velocity during isovolumic contraction-IVV, peak systolic velocity during ejection period-Sa) were recorded. The results were compared with those of 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All TDI-derived systolic velocities (IVV, Sa and IVA) were significantly decreased in patients with MS (p<0.0001). However, IVA was the only parameter to distinguish the severity of MS (p<0.0001). It also showed significant correlations with the following parameters with which IVV and Sa were not correlated: mitral valve area (r=0.79, p<0.0001), mean (r=-0.54, p<0.0001) and maximum (r=-0.58, p<0.0001) transmitral diastolic gradients, pulmonary artery pressure (r=-0.54, p<0.0001), and left atrial diameter (r=-0.68, p<0.0001). The ROC curve analysis showed that an IVA of <2.9 m/sec2 predicted MS patients with 86% sensitivity, 87% specificity, and an IVA of <2 m/sec2 predicted severe MS with 82% sensitivity and 77% specificity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tissue Doppler-derived right ventricular IVA may be used as an adjunctive, alternative noninvasive parameter to determine the severity of MS in patients without signs of systemic venous congestion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. yeldatayyareci@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Yelda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tayyareci
authors.forename: Gülşah
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tayyareci
authors.forename: Yilmaz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nişanci
authors.forename: Berrin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Umman
authors.forename: Zehra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Buğra
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013599:Systole; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*