The regulation of tenascin expression by tissue microenvironments.
Tenascins are a family of four extracellular matrix proteins: tenascin-C, X, R and W. The four members of the family have strikingly diverse patterns of expression during development and in the adult organism indicating independent mechanisms of regulation. In this review we illustrate that there are two types of tenascins, those that are significantly regulated by the tissue microenvironment (tenascin-C and tenascin-W), and those that have stabile, restricted expression patterns (tenascin-R and tenascin-X). We summarize what is known about the regulation of tenascin expression by transforming growth factor betas, fibroblast growth factors, platelet derived growth factors, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines or hormones that either induce or inhibit expression of tenascins.
Tucker
Richard P
RP
Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA. rptucker@ucdavis.edu
Chiquet-Ehrismann
Ruth
R
D000818:Animals; D004777:Environment; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D019063:Tenascin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism
D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D019063:Tenascin; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors