title: Transfer of mRNA encoding recombinant immunoreceptors reprograms CD4+ and CD8+ T cells for use in the adoptive immunotherapy of cancer.
abstract: Human T lymphocytes can be redirected with a new defined specificity by expression of a chimeric T-cell receptor (immunoreceptor) for the use in adoptive immunotherapy of cancer. Whereas standard procedures use retroviral gene transduction to constitutively express immunoreceptors in T cells, we here explored for the first time mRNA electroporation to achieve transient immunoreceptor expression, and thereby minimizing the risk of persistence of potential autoaggression. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were efficiently transfected with immunoreceptors specific for ErbB2 and CEA. The immunoreceptor expression was transient with half-maximal expression at day 2 and no detectable immunoreceptor expression at day 9 after electroporation. Immunoreceptor-transfected T cells were specifically activated upon coincubation with ErbB2(+) and CEA(+) tumor cells, respectively, resulting in secretion of interferon-gamma (IFNgamma), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha). Furthermore, immunoreceptor-transfected CD8(+) T cells specifically lysed ErbB2(+) and CEA(+) tumor cells, respectively. The RNA-transfected T cells retained their cytotoxic function after 2 days of activation and exhibited cytolytic activities like retrovirally transduced T cells. RNA electroporation of T cells thereby provides a versatile tool for transient immunoreceptor expression, which may be of advantage in avoiding the persistence of unintended autoaggression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Birkholz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hombach
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krug
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reuter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kershaw
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kämpgen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schuler
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abken
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schaft
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dörrie
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D018274:Electroporation; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins