title: [Grape seed extract induces morphological changes of prostate cancer PC-3 cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the morphological changes of prostate cancer PC-3 cells induced by grape seed extract (GSE).
  
  
  METHODS
  PC-3 cells were incubated with different concentrations of GSE (100, 200 and 300 microg/ml) for 24, 48 and 72 hours, and then observed for morphological changes by invert microscopy, HE staining and transmission electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incubated PC-3 cells appeared round, small, wrinkled and broken under the invert microscope and exhibited the classical morphological characteristics of cell death under the electron microscope, including cell atrophy, increased vacuoles, crumpled nuclear membrane, and chromosome aggregation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GSE can cause morphological changes and induce necrosis and apoptosis of PC-3 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Andrology, School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University Medical College/Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China. shangxj@androl.cn
authors.forename: Xue-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Hong-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Jing-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Wen-Hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Yu-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts