title: Visual evoked potentials in infants of diabetic mothers: relations to clinical and metabolic status during pregnancy and delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) and psychomotor development of infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) in relation to clinical and metabolic data during pregnancy and delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  VEPs and psychomotor development (Brunet-Lézine) were analysed in 40 two-month-old IDMs (21 males, 19 females), 24 from mothers with type-1 diabetes, 13 gestational diabetes, and 3 type-2 diabetes. Normative VEP data were obtained from 63 age matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEP latencies were significantly longer in IDMs than in controls (O1 wave IV=197.9+/-35.5 vs 155.3+/-30.3; P<0.001; O2 wave IV=200.2+/-33.8 vs 155.6+/-29.0; P<0.001). The mean developmental quotient was normal. In IDMs with type-1 diabetes delayed VEPs were related to increased weight during pregnancy (r 0.516; P 0.009), 1st trimester fasting blood glucose (r 0.458; P 0.037), insulin requirement during the 2nd (r 0.441; P 0.035) and 3rd trimester (r 0.422; P 0.039); in IDMs with gestational diabetes, VEP latency showed negative relation to Apgar scores (r -0.748; P 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IDMs have delayed VEPs, which may possibly be related to poor metabolic control in pre-gestational diabetes, and to delivery complications in gestational diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IDMs show subtle neurophysiologic changes detectable by VEPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neuropsychiatry and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine I, Sapienza Rome University, Via dei Sabelli, 108, 00185 Rome, Italy. mario.brinciotti@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brinciotti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matricardi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colatrella
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Torcia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fallucca
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Napoli
mesh_terms: D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D036801:Parturition / Q000378:metabolism; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose