title: Ribosomal translocation: one step closer to the molecular mechanism.
abstract: Protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes, the targets of numerous antibiotics. How these large and complex machines read and move along mRNA have proven to be challenging questions. In this Review, we focus on translocation, the last step of the elongation cycle in which movement of tRNA and mRNA is catalyzed by elongation factor G. Translocation entails large-scale movements of the tRNAs and conformational changes in the ribosome that require numerous tertiary contacts to be disrupted and reformed. We highlight recent progress toward elucidating the molecular basis of translocation and how various antibiotics influence tRNA-mRNA movement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shoji
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fredrick
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008961:Models, Structural; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D010441:Peptide Chain Elongation, Translational / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D020653:Peptide Elongation Factor G / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020653:Peptide Elongation Factor G; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012343:RNA, Transfer