title: Alterations of urine TGF-beta1 and bFGF following bladder outlet obstruction: a predictor for detrusor contractibility?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the alterations of urine transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) following bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in rats and to determine their correlation with the impaired detrusor contractibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were divided into control, 2-week BOO 6-week and BOO groups. Impaired detrusor contractibility was quantified by measuring detrusor contraction force (DCF) of detrusor strip stimulated by carbachol. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was used to determine the urine levels of the 2 factors. Correlation analysis was conducted between DCF and urine levels of the 2 factors to see if there was an association between them after BOO.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DCF was found to be significantly lower in the 6-week BOO group than in the 2-week BOO and control groups. There is no significant difference regarding urine TGF-beta1 between the 2-week BOO and control groups (p > 0.05). Urine TGF-beta1 level in the 6-week BOO group was significantly higher than in the 2-week BOO (p < 0.05) and control groups (p < 0.05). There existed a negative correlation between DCF and urine TGF-beta1 (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In an animal model, our results have suggested the potential role of urine TGF-beta1 as a noninvasive biomarker to predict detrusor contractibility after BOO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
authors.forename: Benkang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yaofeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Laudon
authors.forename: Lingxia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.forename: Yuqiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhishun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000652:urine*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009929:Organ Size; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000652:urine*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D002217:Carbachol