title: Genotype analysis of polymorphisms in autoimmune susceptibility genes, CTLA-4 and PTPN22, in an acute anterior uveitis cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is the most common form of uveitis and is thought to be autoimmune in nature. Recent studies have described genes that act as master controllers of autoimmunity. Protein tyrosine phosphatase type 22 (PTPN22) and Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) are two of these genes, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding these molecules have been associated with several autoimmune diseases. In this study we have analyzed SNPs in PTPN22 and CTLA-4 in patients with AAU.
  
  
  METHODS
  The functional protein tyrosine phosphatase type 22 (PTPN22) SNP (R620W rs2476601, 1858C/T), and two CTLA-4 SNPs (rs5742909, -318C/T and rs231775, 49A/G) were analyzed in 140 patients with AAU and 92 healthy controls by sequence-specific primer -polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR). Data was analyzed by chi(2) analysis and Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant association between PTPN22 620W, CTLA-4 -318C/T, or CTLA-4 49A/G and AAU. Similarly, there was no association with the three SNPs when patients were classified by race or gender. Finally, there was no association with the presence of ankylosing spondylitis in the patient cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data do not support an association between SNPs in PTPN22 and CTLA-4, genes regarded as genetic master switches of autoimmunity. This raises the issue of the etiology of AAU and the possibility that it should be regarded as an autoinflammatory rather than an autoimmune condition.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
authors.forename: Tammy M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bye
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Modi
authors.forename: Miles R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: Justine R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: N Kevin
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Wade
authors.forename: Friederike
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mackensen
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Suhler
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
authors.forename: Graham R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Wallace
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000235:genetics*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D054596:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22 / Q000235:genetics*; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; C516765:PTPN22 protein, human; D054596:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 22