title: Brace evaluation in children with diplegic cerebral palsy with a jump gait pattern.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brace prescription for children with diplegic cerebral palsy challenges the clinician with a variety of options and little evidence for rational decisions. Previous studies have indicated that ankle-foot orthoses improve toe-walking, but it is unclear if any brace is better than another. The goal of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of hinged and dynamic ankle-foot orthoses in terms of improving gait and motor function in a homogeneous group of children with diplegic cerebral palsy exhibiting a jump gait pattern.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen children (mean age, 7.5 years) with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy who were able to walk independently with a jump gait pattern and twenty children (mean age, 10.6 years) with normal gait participated in the study. Standardized Gross Motor Function Classification System scores, Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument scores, and gait data were collected, analyzed, and compared. The subjects were tested while barefoot and while wearing hinged and dynamic ankle-foot orthoses. Data were analyzed to detect differences among these conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant improvements in gait metrics were seen during brace wear. No significant differences were seen between the two different braces used. The barefoot and braced conditions differed most significantly in terms of ankle kinematics and kinetics. Among the patients with cerebral palsy, no significant differences in the standardized outcome measurements were found between the braced and unbraced conditions or between the two braced conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that gait improves with brace wear in children with cerebral palsy with a level-I Gross Motor Function Classification System score. The Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument and the Gross Motor Function Measure were not sensitive to brace treatment in the population studied. The hinged and dynamic braces were equally effective for improving ankle kinematics and kinetics in these relatively highly functioning children with cerebral palsy.
authors.affiliation: Motion Analysis Laboratory, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, IL 60707, USA.
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hassani
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flanagan
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reiners
authors.forename: Ken N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Gerald F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001915:Braces; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies