title: [A case of pseudomembranous colitis associated with rifampicin therapy in a patient with rectal cancer and gastrointestinal tuberculosis].
abstract: Pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is known to be associated with the administration of antibiotics which alter normal gastrointestinal flora and allow overgrowth of Clostridium difficile. Most cases of rifampicin-induced PMC are seen in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, but not with gastrointestinal tuberculosis. We report a case of PMC associated with rifampicin therapy in a patient with gastrointestinal tuberculosis. A 65-year-old female patient with rectal cancer and gastrointestinal tuberculosis was admitted due to abdominal pain and diarrhea. She was treated with anti-tuberculosis agents containing rifampicin. On colonoscopic examination, mucoid exudates and yellowish plaque lesions were observed. Anti-tuberculosis agents were stopped, and the patient was treated with metronidazole. Symptoms were relieved and did not recur when all the anti-tuberculosis agents except rifampicin were started again. When a patient complains of abdominal pain or diarrhea while taking rifampicin, the physician should consider the possibility of rifampicin-associated PMC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyung Gil
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yun Ah
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Woo Chul
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Dong Wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Chul Hyun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Woon
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Young Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012293:Rifampin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012812:Sigmoidoscopy; D014385:Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D012293:Rifampin