title: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is a paradoxical deterioration in clinical status in a patient on antiretroviral treatment (ART) despite satisfactory control of viral replication and improvement of CD4 count.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study development of IRIS as a part of ART.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hundred patients on antiretroviral treatment were studied prospectively in the Department of Skin and VD over a period of 2 years. Patients were asked to come if they developed any symptoms or on a monthly basis. They were screened clinically and investigated suitably for evidence of opportunistic infections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 100 patients, 10 patients did not come for follow-up. Twenty (22.2%) out of the 90 patients developed IRIS. Herpes zoster (HZ), herpes simplex virus (HSV), and tuberculosis (TB) were the cases of IRIS seen in the present study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IRIS in terms of HSV/TB is known to accelerate HIV disease progression. Hence early detection and prompt treatment, along with continuation of highly active ART, are of utmost importance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Skin and V.D., Medical College and SSG Hospital, Vadodara, India.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makrandi
authors.forename: Megha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Modi
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Yogesh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Marfatia
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count / Q000379:methods; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents