title: Minocycline-induced drug hypersensitivity syndrome followed by multiple autoimmune sequelae.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drug hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) is a severe, multisystem adverse drug reaction that may occur following the use of numerous medications, including anticonvulsants, sulfonamides, and minocycline hydrochloride. Long-term autoimmune sequelae of DHS have been reported, including hypothyroidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 15-year-old female adolescent developed DHS 4 weeks after starting minocycline therapy for acne vulgaris. Seven weeks later she developed autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves disease), and 7 months after discontinuing minocycline therapy she developed autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus. In addition, she developed elevated titers of several markers of systemic autoimmune disease, including antinuclear, anti-Sjögren syndrome A, and anti-Smith antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minocycline-associated DHS may be associated with multiple autoimmune sequelae, including thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and elevated markers of systemic autoimmunity. Long-term follow-up is needed in patients with DHS to determine the natural history of DHS-associated sequelae.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Kristina I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Rother
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Artman
authors.forename: Mary Gail
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mercurio
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: R John
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Looney
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Cowen
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000139:chemically induced; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008911:Minocycline / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008911:Minocycline