title: Ultrafast fluorescence spectroscopy via upconversion applications to biophysics.
abstract: This chapter reviews basic concepts of nonlinear fluorescence upconversion, a technique whose temporal resolution is essentially limited only by the pulse width of the ultrafast laser. Design aspects for upconversion spectrophotofluorometers are discussed, and a recently developed system is described. We discuss applications in biophysics, particularly the measurement of time-resolved fluorescence spectra of proteins (with subpicosecond time resolution). Application of this technique to biophysical problems such as dynamics of tryptophan, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1412, USA.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jay R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Knutson
mesh_terms: D001703:Biophysics; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D011789:Quantum Theory; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009696:Nucleic Acids; D010455:Peptides; D011506:Proteins; D014364:Tryptophan