title: Partitioning of nutrient net fluxes across the portal-drained viscera in sheep fed twice daily: effect of dietary protein degradability.
abstract: Extrusion is used to decrease leguminous seed protein degradability in the rumen in order to shift part of the dietary protein digestion towards the small intestine. The effect of such displacement of digestion site on the partitioning of nutrient net fluxes across the gastrointestinal tract was studied using four sheep fitted with catheters and blood-flow probes, allowing measurements across the rumen, the mesenteric-drained viscera (MDV) and the portal-drained viscera (PDV). Two diets containing 34 % of pea seeds were tested in a crossover design. They differed only according to pea treatment: raw pea (RP) or extruded pea (EP) diet. Rumen undegradable protein (RUP) accounted for 23 and 40 % of dietary crude protein for RP and EP diets, respectively. Across the rumen wall, ammonia net flux was lower with EP diet, whereas urea net flux was not different. Across the MDV, free amino acid (FAA) net flux was greater with EP diet, whereas peptide amino acid net flux was not different, accounting for 7 % of the non-protein amino acid net release. From RP to EP diet, PDV net flux of ammonia decreased by 23 %, whereas FAA net release increased by 21 %. The difference in dietary RUP did not affect the PDV net flux of SCFA, 3-hydroxybutyrate, lactate and glucose. In conclusion, the partial shift in pea protein digestion from the rumen to the small intestine did not affect the portal net balance of N, but decreased N loss from the rumen, and increased amino acid intestinal absorption and portal delivery.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR 1019 Unité de Nutrition Humaine, St Genès Champanelle, France. dremond@clermont.inra.fr
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rémond
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Savary-Auzeloux
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nozière
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D018532:Pisum sativum; D006109:Poaceae; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012639:Seeds; D012756:Sheep; D013997:Time Factors; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D000641:Ammonia; D014508:Urea; D009584:Nitrogen