title: Early detection of neurodegeneration in brain ischemia by manganese-enhanced MRI.
abstract: This study aims to employ in vivo manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) to detect neurodegenerative changes in two models of brain ischemia, photothrombotic cortical injury (PCI) and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rodents. After systemic Mn(2+) injection to both ischemic models, a close pattern of T1-weighted hyperintensity was observed throughout different brain regions in comparison to the distribution of GFAP, MnSOD and GS immunoreactivities, whereby conventional MRI could hardly detect such. In addition, the infarct volumes in the posterior parts of the brain had significantly reduced after Mn(2+) injection to the MCAO model. It is suggested that exogenous Mn(2+) injection may provide enhanced MEMRI detection of oxidative stress and gliosis early after brain ischemia. Manganese may also mediate infarctions at remote brain regions in transient focal cerebral ischemia before delayed secondary damage takes place.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing and the Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China. kevin_ccw@hkuusa.hku.hk
authors.forename: Kevin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Ke-xia
authors.initials: KX
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Huan-xing
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Victor K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Matthew M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Chi-tat
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.forename: Sookja K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Wu-tian
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ed X
authors.initials: EX
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015233:Models, Statistical; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D008345:Manganese