A tense situation: forcing tumour progression.
Cells within tissues are continuously exposed to physical forces including hydrostatic pressure, shear stress, and compression and tension forces. Cells dynamically adapt to force by modifying their behaviour and remodelling their microenvironment. They also sense these forces through mechanoreceptors and respond by exerting reciprocal actomyosin- and cytoskeletal-dependent cell-generated force by a process termed 'mechanoreciprocity'. Loss of mechanoreciprocity has been shown to promote the progression of disease, including cancer. Moreover, the mechanical properties of a tissue contribute to disease progression, compromise treatment and might also alter cancer risk. Thus, the changing force that cells experience needs to be considered when trying to understand the complex nature of tumorigenesis.
Butcher
Darci T
DT
Department of Surgery and Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
Alliston
Tamara
T
Weaver
Valerie M
VM
D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009385:Neoplastic Processes; D013314:Stress, Mechanical