title: Determination of benzimidazole fungicides in water samples by on-line MISPE-HPLC.
abstract: An analytical methodology based on an on-line sample enrichment of water samples by means of an imprinted polymer, and the separation of benzimidazole compounds within a C(18) column by ion-pair reversed-phase liquid chromatography, has been developed. The molecularly imprinted polymer has been synthesized by precipitation polymerization using thiabendazole as template molecule, methacrylic acid as functional monomer, and divinylbenzene as cross-linker. Initial experiments carried out by solid-phase extraction on cartridges demonstrated a clear imprint effect for thiabendazole, as well as the ability of the imprinted polymer to selectively rebind several benzimidazole compounds. The developed methodology has been applied to the quantification of thiabendazole, carbendazim, and benomyl in river, tap, and well water samples within a single analytical run at concentration levels below the legislated maximum concentration levels. In this sense, detection limits of 2.3-5.7 ng.L(-1) have been obtained for the analysis of benzimidazole fungicides in different water matrices. Recoveries obtained for the determination of benzimidazole fungicides in spiked samples ranged from 87% to 95%, with RSD below 5% in all cases.
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zamora
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Paniagua
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cacho
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Vera-Avila
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perez-Conde
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D054802:Molecular Imprinting; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D011108:Polymers; D014867:Water; C031000:benzimidazole