title: Does botulinum toxin injection in parotid glands interfere with the swallowing dynamics of Parkinson's disease patients?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During recent years, sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been treated with botulinum toxin type A (BT-A); however, there are no data describing its effects on swallowing dynamics in this group of patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether injection of BT-A into the parotid glands interferes with the oropharyngeal swallowing dynamics of patients with Parkinson's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients with diurnal sialorrhea were selected and evaluated during the "on" period by a standardized questionnaire and swallowing videofluoroscopy before and 30 days after ultrasound-guided BT-A injection into the parotid glands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A decrease in sialorrhea was observed in all studied patients. Silent laryngeal penetration was observed in three patients, and silent aspiration was observed in two of them. There were no changes in swallowing dynamics when comparing patients before and after BT-A parotid injection (p=1), suggesting similar levels of dysphagia in the two measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BT-A injection into parotid glands does not interfere with the oropharyngeal swallowing dynamics of PD patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology and Epidemiology, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Caline
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Nóbrega
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Ailton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003679:Deglutition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D010306:Parotid Gland; D012798:Sialorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A