Microalbuminuria and metabolic risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care setting in Thailand.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria and associated risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care.


METHODS
Clinical information of diabetic patients in 70 primary care units in Thailand was collected in a cross-sectional survey. Multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine several clinical risk factors with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria.


RESULTS
A total of 4162 patients were included. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 39.12% and macroalbumninuria was 7.83%. The proportion of patients with HbA1c<7% was 37.9%. Independent risk factors for microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria included HbA1c (adjusted OR 1.54, 95%CI 1.30-1.83 and 2.06, 95%CI 1.49-2.84 per unit increase in HbA1c, respectively), triglyceride >/=1.7mmol/L (1.31, 1.11-1.56 and 1.44, 1.06-1.98), hypertension (1.31, 1.10-1.54 and 1.64, 1.23-2.20), and duration of diabetes >/=5 years (1.31, 1.11-1.55 and 2.39, 1.74-3.28). Metabolic syndrome was associated with macroalbuminuria (OR 1.36, 95%CI 1.01-1.84).


CONCLUSIONS
The high prevalence of microabuminuria and suboptimal glycemic control for the diabetic patients were found to highlight the need to improve in control of glycemia and metabolic risk factors.
Aekplakorn
Wichai
W
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. Rama 6 Rd., Rajdevi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. rawap@mahidol.ac.th
Srivanichakorn
Supattra
S
Sangwatanaroj
Somkiat
S
D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors