title: Elevated alanine aminotransferase levels predict mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in Koreans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic syndrome. This study investigated the relationship between elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, as a proxy marker of NAFLD, and death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) or diabetes in a Korean population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 37,085 patients who underwent health examinations at the Health Promotion Center of the Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, in 2000 and 2001. Individuals with viral hepatitis or alcoholic liver disease were excluded from the study. The relationship between baseline ALT levels and CVD- or diabetes-related mortality was determined for a median period of 5.0 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 407 deaths occurred during the follow-up period, with 91 deaths resulting from CVD or diabetes. The multivariate relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for CVD- or diabetes-related mortality in patients with ALT levels >40IU/L were 2.26 (1.22-4.19). The multivariate RR and 95% CI for CVD- or diabetes-related mortality in patients with the highest quartile of ALT levels (> or =31IU/L) were 2.28 (95% CI: 1.02-5.08) when the lowest quartile (< or =15IU/L) was used as a reference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings demonstrate that elevated ALT levels are independently associated with increased CVD- or diabetes-related mortality in Koreans. Thus, elevated ALT levels, as a marker for NAFLD, may serve as a surrogate predictor of CVD- or diabetes-related mortality among the Korean population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Eun
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Chan Yim
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Yeong Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Hye Soon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012306:Risk; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000410:Alanine Transaminase