title: Health impact of disaster-related stress on pregnant women living in the affected area of the Noto Peninsula earthquake in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study assessed the health impact of stress on women who were pregnant during, or immediately after, a major earthquake and were living in the disaster area. Inherent resistance against the stress induced by the earthquake was also assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The panel study consisted of 99 women who provided responses before and after delivery (response rate, 77.9%). Psychological impact was assessed on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and stress resistance was assessed on the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In adjusted multivariate models, the significant earthquake factor that predicted postnatal depression (EPDS) was 'existing anxiety about an earthquake' (beta = 0.27, P = 0.01) and 'parity' (beta = -0.26, P = 0.02). The SOC during pregnancy significantly moderated between 'existing anxiety about an earthquake' and 'EPDS' (beta = -0.21, P = 0.02). During pregnancy the EDPS was a significant predictor of a physical abnormality during pregnancy or childbirth (odds ratio, 1.21; 95% confidence interval: 1.04-1.41). The SOC during pregnancy did not moderate between a physical abnormality and earthquake-related stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Provision of an adequate support system and improvement of the SOC of young women affected by a disaster may be two ways of reducing the deleterious effects of disaster-related stress on maternal well-being.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan. hibino@pub.m.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hibino
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takaki
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kambayashi
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hitomi
authors.forename: Akemi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sekizuka
authors.forename: Keiki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055866:Earthquakes; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult