title: Differential time-course of the increase of antioxidant thiol-defenses in the acute phase after spinal cord injury in rats.
abstract: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a world-wide health problem. After traumatic injury, spinal cord tissue starts a series of self-destructive mechanisms, known as the secondary lesion. The leading mechanisms of damage after SCI are excitotoxicity, free radicals' overproduction, inflammation and apoptosis. Metallothionein (MT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) are low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich peptides able to scavenge free radicals. MT and GSH participation as neuroprotective molecules after SCI is unknown. The aim of the present study is to describe the changes of MT and GSH contents and GSH peroxidase (GPx) activity in the acute phase after SCI in rats. Female Wistar rats weighing 200-250g were submitted to spinal cord contusion model, by means of a computer-controlled device (NYU impactor). Rats receiving laminectomy were used as a control group. Animals were killed 2, 4, 12 and 24h after surgery. MT was quantified by the silver-saturation method, using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. GSH and GPx were assayed by spectrophotometry. Results indicate an increased MT content by effect of SCI, only at 4 and 24h, as compared to sham group values. Meanwhile, GSH was found decreased at 4, 12 and 24h after SCI. Interestingly, GPx activity was raised at all time points, indicating that this enzymatic defense is activated soon after SCI. Results suggest that thiol-based defenses, MT and GSH, are differentially expressed by spinal cord tissue to cope with the various processes of damage after lesion.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia Manuel Velasco Suarez S.S.A., Mexico.
authors.forename: Araceli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diaz-Ruiz
authors.forename: Mireya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alcaraz-Zubeldia
authors.forename: Valente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.forename: Hermelinda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salgado-Ceballos
authors.forename: Marisela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mendez-Armenta
authors.forename: Camilo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rios
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008668:Metallothionein; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C020667:glutathione oxidase; D005978:Glutathione