title: Can ultrasound measurements replace digitally assessed elements of the Bishop score?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare elements of the Bishop score and corresponding sonographic measurements before induction of labor, and assess how predictive factors can be used in a clinical setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective comparative clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary referral center, university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 275 women scheduled for induction of labor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fetal head descent to the perineum was assessed with transperineal ultrasound. Cervical length, posterior angle, and dilatation were evaluated with transvaginal ultrasound followed by Bishop score without knowledge of the ultrasound measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariable regression analyses of successful induction were significant for digital assessment of cervical dilatation, ultrasound measured fetal head-perineum distance < or =40 mm, ultrasound measured cervical length < or =25 mm, and ultrasound measured posterior cervical angle >90 degrees. After adjusting for maternal factors in a multivariable model, estimates were significant for previous vaginal birth (OR 5.3; 95% CI 2.1-13.9, p<0.01), but borderline for maternal height (OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.0-1.2, p=0.01) and ultrasound measured posterior cervical angle >90 degrees (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.1-6.1, p=0.03). A scoring model combining ultrasound measured fetal head-perineum distance, cervical length, cervical posterior angle and digitally assessed cervical dilatation, discriminated successful and failed induction at 71% (95% CI 61-80%, p<0.01) area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Digital assessment of fetal head descent, cervical length and position can possibly be replaced with ultrasound measurements. Dilatation is best evaluated with digital assessment. Combination of these four factors can predict success of labor induction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway.
authors.forename: Torbjørn M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Eggebø
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Økland
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heien
authors.forename: Leif K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Gjessing
authors.forename: Pål
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romundstad
authors.forename: Kjell A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Salvesen
mesh_terms: D020070:Cervical Ripening; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007747:Labor Stage, First; D007751:Labor, Induced; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D012372:ROC Curve; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal