title: Hey2 regulation by FGF provides a Notch-independent mechanism for maintaining pillar cell fate in the organ of Corti.
abstract: The organ of Corti, the auditory organ of the inner ear, contains two types of sensory hair cells and at least seven types of supporting cells. Most of these supporting cell types rely on Notch-dependent expression of Hes/Hey transcription factors to maintain the supporting cell fate. Here, we show that Notch signaling is not necessary for the differentiation and maintenance of pillar cell fate, that pillar cells are distinguished by Hey2 expression, and that-unlike other Hes/Hey factors-Hey2 expression is Notch independent. Hey2 is activated by FGF and blocks hair cell differentiation, whereas mutation of Hey2 leaves pillar cells sensitive to the loss of Notch signaling and allows them to differentiate as hair cells. We speculate that co-option of FGF signaling to render Hey2 Notch independent also liberated pillar cells from the need for direct contact with surrounding hair cells, and enabled evolutionary remodeling of the complex cellular mosaic of the inner ear.
authors.affiliation: Gonda Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, House Ear Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90057, USA.
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doetzlhofer
authors.forename: Martin L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Basch
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohyama
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gessler
authors.forename: Andrew K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Groves
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Segil
mesh_terms: D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054338:Cell Transdifferentiation / Q000502:physiology; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009925:Organ of Corti / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D051881:Receptor, Notch1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000098551:Prospero-Related Homeobox 1 Protein
chemical_list: D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000098551:Prospero-Related Homeobox 1 Protein; C500943:Atoh1 protein, mouse; C485778:Hey2 protein, mouse; C497762:Notch1 protein, mouse