title: Variants in hormone-related genes and the risk of biliary tract cancers and stones: a population-based study in China.
abstract: Biliary tract cancers, encompassing gallbladder, extrahepatic bile duct and ampulla of Vater cancers, are uncommon but often fatal malignancies. Hormone-related factors, including parity, oral contraceptive use, obesity, and gallstones, have been implicated in the etiology of these cancers. To further clarify the role of hormones in biliary tract cancers and biliary stones, we genotyped 18 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nine genes involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis, metabolism and transport in a population-based case-control study in Shanghai, China. This study included subjects who completed an interview and provided blood, which totaled 411 biliary tract cancer and 893 biliary stone patients and 786 healthy Shanghai residents. The CYP1A1 IVS1 + 606 (rs2606345) T allele was associated with gallbladder [odds ratio (OR) = 2.0, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3-3.0] and bile duct cancers (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1-3.1), whereas the CYP1A1 Ex7 + 131 (rs1048943) G allele was associated with ampulla of Vater cancer (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.5-5.4). After taking into account multiple comparisons for SNPs within each gene, CYP1A1 was significantly associated with gallbladder (P = 0.004) and ampulla of Vater cancers (P = 0.01), but borderline with bile duct cancer (P = 0.06). The effect of CYP1A1 IVS1 + 606 on gallbladder cancer was more pronounced among non-obese (body mass index < 23) (OR = 3.3, 95% CI = 1.8-6.1; P interaction = 0.001). Among women taking oral contraceptives, the effect of SHBG Ex8 + 6 (rs6259) on gallbladder cancer (OR = 6.7, 95% CI = 2.2-20.5; P interaction = 0.001) and stones (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.1-4.9; P-interaction = 0.05) was statistically significant. Our findings suggest that common variants in hormone-related genes contribute to the risk of biliary tract cancers and stones, possibly by modulating hormone metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Human Services, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6120 Executive Boulevard, EPS 5024, MSC 7234, Bethesda, MD 20892-7234, USA. suepark@snu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Sue K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andreotti
authors.forename: Lori C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sakoda
authors.forename: Yu-Tang
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.forename: Jinbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bingshu E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: Ming-Chang
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Bing-Sheng
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tian-Quan
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Bai-He
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeager
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chanock
authors.forename: Ann W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hsing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; D006728:Hormones; D004247:DNA; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1