title: Ten-year experience with handmade trileaflet polytetrafluoroethylene valved conduit used for pulmonary reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the results of handmade polytetrafluoroethylene trileaflet conduits implanted in the pulmonary position since 1997.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-nine patients underwent pulmonary reconstruction with a polytetrafluoroethylene conduit. Conduit function was investigated by means of review of serial echocardiographic studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age and body weight were 12.7 +/- 12.0 years and 30.9 +/- 20.6 kg. Mean size of the conduit was 21.0 +/- 3.8 mm (12-28 mm). The z score of the conduit was +0.5 +/- 0.8 for patients older than 15 years (n = 43), +1.2 +/- 0.7 for patients 5 to 15 years old (n = 48), and +2.4 +/- 0.5 for patients younger than 5 years (n = 48). Conduits were used for the Ross procedure in 21 patients and for repair of complex congenital heart disease in 118 patients. There were 3 (2.2%) in-hospital deaths and 1 late death. Four patients required conduit explantation because of pulmonary artery distortion at a distal anastomotic site (interval, 1.2 years), infection of the polytetrafluoroethylene valve (interval, 1.6 years), midportion angulation of the conduit (interval, 4.9 years), and conduit compression by the ascending aorta (interval, 5.4 years). Estimated freedom from conduit explantation was 88.0% +/- 6.8%, and pulmonary insufficiency was less than or equal to mild in 75.0% at 10 years. All valves maintained their motion, and the mean estimated pressure gradient across the conduit was 19.6 +/- 11.9 mm Hg at 5 years and appeared to reach a plateau thereafter. The pressure gradient across the conduit was 14.2 +/- 8.0 mm Hg at 3 years (P = .0127) and 18.1 +/- 7.5 mm Hg at 7 years (P = .0208).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polytetrafluoroethylene conduits represent a valid option and reliable alternative to homograft and xenograft implantation for pulmonary reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Sakakibara Heart Institute, Tokyo, Japan. maando@shi.heart.or.jp
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D011664:Pulmonary Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene