title: Pubertal hormones modulate the addition of new cells to sexually dimorphic brain regions.
abstract: New cells, including neurons, arise in several brain regions during puberty in rats. Sex differences in pubertal addition of cells coincide with adult sexual dimorphisms: for each region, the sex that gains more cells during puberty has a larger volume in adulthood. Removing gonadal hormones before puberty eliminates these sex differences, indicating that gonadal steroids direct the addition of new cells during puberty to maintain and accentuate sexual dimorphisms in the adult brain.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, 108 Giltner Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Eman I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Julia L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zehr
authors.forename: Kalynn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Betty H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Lydia L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: DonCarlos
authors.forename: Cheryl L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sisk
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002369:Castration; D002452:Cell Count; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine