title: Measuring case managers' advance care planning practice: translating focus group findings to survey development.
abstract: Sequential mixed methods is a useful research design to inform second-stage methodology when investigating an area of practice in which relatively little is known. This article describes how focus group findings were used to measure advance care planning practice among community-based case managers. The initial qualitative study utilized focus groups to explore aspects of practice in this area. Data revealed themes that embodied ambiguous views of advance care planning, divergent roles in practice, a continuum of practice activities, and multiple facilitators and barriers to practice. In order to further examine case managers' advance care planning practices, qualitative findings were used to develop the Case Managers Advance Care Planning Practices Instrument. Implications for qualitative to quantitative measurement are discussed.
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, University of South Florida at Sarasota/Manatee, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA. kblack@banshee.sar.usf.edu
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fauske
mesh_terms: D032722:Advance Care Planning; D019090:Case Management; D003625:Data Collection; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D036301:Qualitative Research