title: Changing patterns of tracheotomy use in anterior skull base surgery with free tissue reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate how changing patterns of tracheotomy use with free tissue reconstruction of the anterior skull base affect postoperative complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective comparison of clinical cohort to historic control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 201 patients with a diagnosis of malignant or locally aggressive benign neoplasms of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses between January 1993 and December 2006. Of these, we studied 33 consecutive patients that underwent ablative anterior skull base surgery reconstructed with free tissue transfers. We divided the study group into two cohorts: Group 1, patients treated from 1993-2000, and Group 2, patients treated from 2000-2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tracheotomy use and postoperative complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 16 patients in Group 1 and 17 patients in Group 2. There were 11 patients who received a tracheotomy in Group 1, and only 5 in Group 2 (P = .038). Five patients in either group experienced complications (P = 1.000). There was one case of meningitis in Group 1 and no cases in Group 2 (P = .485). There were two cases of pneumocephalus in Group 2 and none in Group 1 (P = .485) and no cases of tension pneumocephalus. Six patients in each group had recurrent disease (P = 1.000). There was no statistically significant difference in survival (P = .675).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decreased use of tracheotomy in patients undergoing free tissue transfer reconstruction of anterior skull base defects did not lead to an increase in complications. Routine use of tracheotomy in these patients is unnecessary and should be reserved for selected cases. Laryngoscope, 2009.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9035, USA. larry.myers@utsouthwestern.edu
authors.forename: Larry L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Baran D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Sumer
authors.forename: Jamel E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lowery
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Truelson
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Leach
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sinard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010496:Pericardium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000637:transplantation*; D011007:Pneumocephalus / Q000517:prevention & control; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019291:Skull Base / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply; D016378:Tissue Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014140:Tracheotomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; D055815:Young Adult