title: Wireless control of powered wheelchairs with tongue motion using tongue drive assistive technology.
abstract: Tongue Drive system (TDS) is a tongue-operated unobtrusive wireless assistive technology, which can potentially provide people with severe disabilities with effective computer access and environment control. It translates users' intentions into control commands by detecting and classifying their voluntary tongue motion utilizing a small permanent magnet, secured on the tongue, and an array of magnetic sensors mounted on a headset outside the mouth or an orthodontic brace inside. We have developed customized interface circuitry and implemented four control strategies to drive a powered wheelchair (PWC) using an external TDS prototype. The system has been evaluated by five able-bodied human subjects. The results showed that all subjects could easily operate the PWC using their tongue movements, and different control strategies worked better depending on the users' familiarity with the TDS.
authors.affiliation: GT-Bionics Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA.
authors.forename: Xueliang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Maysam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghovanloo
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000465:Algorithms; D003201:Computers; D004581:Electronics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012371:Robotics; D012656:Self-Help Devices; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation; D012984:Software; D014059:Tongue / Q000502:physiology*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D014910:Wheelchairs