Mi2beta shows chromatin enzyme specificity by erasing a DNase I-hypersensitive site established by ACF.
ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling enzymes are linked to changes in gene expression; however, it is not clear how the multiple remodeling enzymes found in eukaryotes differ in function and work together. In this report, we demonstrate that the ATP-dependent remodeling enzymes ACF and Mi2beta can direct consecutive, opposing chromatin-remodeling events, when recruited to chromatin by different transcription factors. In a cell-free system based on the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene enhancer, we show that TFE3 induces a DNase I-hypersensitive site in an ATP-dependent reaction that requires ACF following transcription factor binding to chromatin. In a second step, PU.1 directs Mi2beta to erase an established DNase I-hypersensitive site, in an ATP-dependent reaction subsequent to PU.1 binding to chromatin, whereas ACF will not support erasure. Erasure occurred without displacing the transcription factor that initiated the site. Other tested enzymes were unable to erase the DNase I-hypersensitive site. Establishing and erasing the DNase I-hypersensitive site required transcriptional activation domains from TFE3 and PU.1, respectively. Together, these results provide important new mechanistic insight into the combinatorial control of chromatin structure.
Ishii
Haruhiko
H
Graduate Program in Biophysics and Structural Biology, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA.
Du
Hansen
H
Zhang
Zhaoqing
Z
Henderson
Angus
A
Sen
Ranjan
R
Pazin
Michael J
MJ
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002474:Cell-Free System / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000502:physiology*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I / Q000737:chemistry*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D056245:Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000099232:Proto-Oncogene Protein Spi-1
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D001324:Autoantigens; D051778:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D002843:Chromatin; D004265:DNA Helicases; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D056245:Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000099232:Proto-Oncogene Protein Spi-1; C411647:A1CF protein, human; C115323:CHD4 protein, human; C069203:TFE3 protein, human