title: The preventive effect of ginkgo biloba extract in myringosclerosis: study in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the preventive effect of Ginkgo biloba extract in the formation of myringosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Posterosuperior quadrant of tympanic membranes of twenty-five Wistar Albino rats were bilaterally myringotomized. They were divided into three groups randomly. Groups 1 and 2 were administered 100 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day systemic Ginkgo biloba extract. The third group was treated with 1 mL/day saline solution. After 10 days of treatment, myringotomized membranes were examined by otomicroscopy and harvested. They were evaluated histopathologically by light microscopy and compared according to the occurrence of myringosclerotic plaques and the thickness of membranes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tympanic membranes of groups 1 and 2 nearly had no existence of myringosclerosis (72.2% in group 1 and 83.3% in group 2, P = 0.434). However, in group 3, only 14.3 percent had no myringosclerosis (P < 0.001). Thickness of membranes in group 1 was 0.13 +/- 0.25, group 2 was 0.06 +/- 0.02, and group 3 was 0.19 +/- 0.35 mm. Group 3 had significantly thicker membranes compared with groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.001 for group 2 and P = 0.003 for group 1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Formation of experimental myringosclerosis was reduced or inhibited and tympanic membranes were thinner after systemic Ginkgo biloba extract administration.
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Turkey. emir.hatice@gmail.com
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Emir
authors.forename: Zeynep Kizilkaya
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Kaptan
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samim
authors.forename: Nuran
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sungu
authors.forename: Kursat
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ceylan
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ustun
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D008297:Male; D010040:Otosclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000601:surgery; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; C063170:Ginkgo biloba extract; D000096983:Ginkgo Extract