title: An evaluation of information on the Internet of a new device: the lumbar artificial disc replacement.
abstract: METHODS
  An analysis of websites, accessible to the public, was conducted pertaining to the lumbar artificial disc replacement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to investigate the content of information available on the Internet pertaining to the lumbar artificial disc replacement.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The Internet is widely used by patients as an educational tool for health care information. Additionally, the Internet is used as a medium for direct-to-consumer marketing. Recent approval of the lumbar artificial disc replacement has led to the emergence of numerous websites offering information about this procedure. It is thought that patients can be influenced by information found on the Internet; therefore, it is imperative that this information be accurate and as complete as possible.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three commonly used search engines were used to locate 105 (35/search engine) websites providing information about the lumbar artificial disc replacement. Each website was evaluated with regard to authorship and content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-nine percent of the websites reviewed were authorized by a private physician group, 9% by an academic physician group, 6% by industry, 11% were news reports, and 15% were not otherwise categorized. Seventy-two percent offered a mechanism for direct contact and 30% provided clear patient selection criteria. Benefits were expressed in 87% of websites, whereas associated risks were described in 28% or less. European experiences were noted in 53%, whereas only 22% of websites detailed the current US experience.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study demonstrate that much of the content of Internet-derived information pertaining to the lumbar artificial disc replacement is potentially misleading. Until long-term data are available, patients should be cautioned when using the Internet as a source for health care information, particularly with regard to the lumbar artificial disc replacement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. ryangarcia78@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ryan M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Messerschmitt
authors.forename: Nicholas U
authors.initials: NU
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D019643:Arthroplasty, Replacement / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet / Q000592:standards*; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards