title: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism authentication of raw meats from game birds.
abstract: Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis has been applied to the identification of meats from quail (Coturnix coturnix), pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa), guinea fowl (Numida meleagris), capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), Eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola), woodpigeon (Columba palumbus), and song thrush (Turdus philomelos). PCR amplification was performed using a set of primers flanking a conserved region of approximately 720 base pairs (bp) from the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. Restriction site analysis based on sequence data from this DNA fragment permitted the selection of AluI and BfaI endonucleases for species identification. The restriction profiles obtained when amplicons were digested with the chosen enzymes allowed the unequivocal identification of all game bird species analyzed. However, the use of the PCR-RFLP technique described is limited to raw meat authentication. It is not suitable for cooked products because thermal treatment strongly accelerates DNA degradation leading to difficulties in amplifying the 720 bp fragment.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Complutense, Departamento de Nutrición, Bromatología y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fajardo
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.forename: Pablo E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martín
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001717:Birds / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000235:genetics; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000737:chemistry; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D004247:DNA; D004720:Endonucleases