Comparison of bonding performance of self-etching and etch-and-rinse adhesives on human dentin using reliability analysis.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the in vitro reliability of typical self-etching and etch-and-rinse adhesives of various application protocols.


METHODS
The following adhesives were applied on flat dentin surfaces of extracted human teeth (n = 223): self-etching two-step adhesives: AdheSE (AH), Clearfil SE Bond (CL), OptiBond SE (OS); one-step adhesives: Adper Prompt L-Pop (ADP), Adper Prompt (AD), and Xeno III (XE); all-in-one adhesive: iBond (IB); etch-and-rinse three-step adhesives: OptiBond FL (OF), two-step Gluma Comfort Bond (G), Excite (E) and Prime & Bond NT (PB). Composite buildups were prepared using a microhybrid composite, Opticor New. Shear bond strength was determined after 24 h of storage at 37 degrees C in distilled water. The results were analyzed with a nested ANOVA (adhesive, type of adhesive) followed by the Fisher post-hoc tests of group homogeneity at alpha = 0.05. A two-parameter Weibull distribution was used to calculate the critical shear bond strength corresponding to 5% probability of failure as a measure of system reliability.


RESULTS
ANOVA revealed a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in the mean shear bond strength as follows: AH=CL=OS=G=E=OF>AD=IB=XE>PB=ADP, but no significant difference (p > 0.48) between the etch-and-rinse and self-etching adhesives. The corresponding characteristic bond strength of Weibull distribution ranged between 24.1 and 12.1 MPa, Weibull modulus between 8.3 and 2.1, and the critical shear bond strength varied from 16.0 to 3.0 MPa.


CONCLUSIONS
Pronounced differences in the critical shear bond strength suggest reliability variations in the adhesive systems tested, which originate from chemical composition rather than type of adhesive.
Bradna
Pavel
P
Institute of Dental Research, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General Faculty Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic. bradna@vus.cz
Vrbova
Radka
R
Dudek
Michal
M
Roubickova
Adela
A
Housova
Devana
D
D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011336:Probability; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D000180:Acrylic Resins; C489662:AdheSE cement; C489661:Adper Prompt Self-Etch; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C420130:Excite cement; C445021:Gluma Comfort Bond; D008689:Methacrylates; C469607:OptiBond FL; C500960:OptiBond Solo Plus Self-Etch; D010755:Organophosphates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C425843:Prime and Bond NT; C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; C487957:Xeno III; C477386:iBond; D014867:Water; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate