title: A randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavior therapy for tinnitus.
abstract: This study is a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial testing the effect of a brief, "manualized" cognitive-behavioral group therapy on distress associated with tinnitus, quality of well-being, psychological distress including depression, and internal focus. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) included training in activity planning, relaxation training and, primarily, cognitive restructuring. Sixty-five participants were recruited, and 41 completed treatment. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 8 weeks of manualized group CBT either immediately or after an 8-week waiting period. Participants completed outcome measures at the time of their random assignment and at 8, 16, and 52 weeks later. Repeated-measure analysis of covariance revealed significant group-by-time interactions on measures of tinnitus distress and depression, indicating that CBT led to greater improvement in those symptoms. The current results suggest that CBT, applied in a group format using a manual, can reduce the negative emotional distress, including depression, associated with tinnitus.
authors.affiliation: University of California-San Diego Department of Psychiatry, San Diego, California 92161, USA. skrobinson@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Shannon K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Erik S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Viirre
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kindermann
authors.forename: Arpi L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Minassian
authors.forename: Phillippe R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Goldin
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pedrelli
authors.forename: Jeffery P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McQuaid
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D012803:Sick Role; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*