title: Anatomical and functional outcomes following a precise, graded, dorsal laceration spinal cord injury in C57BL/6 mice.
abstract: To study the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI), we used the LISA-Vibraknife to generate a precise and reproducible dorsal laceration SCI in the mouse. The surgical procedure involved a T9 laminectomy, dural resection, and a spinal cord laceration to a precisely controlled depth. Four dorsal hemisection injuries with lesion depths of 0.5, 0.8, 1.1, and 1.4 mm, as well as normal, sham (laminectomy and dural removal only), and transection controls were examined. Assessments including the Basso Mouse Scale (BMS), footprint analysis, beam walk, toe spread reflex, Hargreaves' test, and transcranial magnetic motor-evoked potential (tcMMEP) analysis were performed to assess motor, sensorimotor, and sensory function. These outcome measures demonstrated significant increases in functional deficits as the depth of the lesion increased, and significant behavioral recovery was observed in the groups over time. Quantitative histological examination showed significant differences between the injury groups and insignificant lesion depth variance within each of the groups. Statistically significant differences were additionally found in the amount of ventral spared tissue at the lesion site between the injury groups. This novel, graded, reproducible laceration SCI model can be used in future studies to look more closely at underlying mechanisms that lead to functional deficits following SCI, as well as to determine the efficacy of therapeutic intervention strategies in the injury and recovery processes following SCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Yi Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Darlene A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Devries
authors.forename: Yongjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: David S K
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Magnuson
authors.forename: Scott R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Whittemore
authors.forename: Christopher B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Shields
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019771:Axotomy / Q000379:methods; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004525:Efferent Pathways / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation