title: Postprandial cytokine concentrations and meal composition in obese and lean women.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the acute effect of (i) meals rich in saturated fat, oleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid and (ii) meals rich in starch and fiber on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in obese and lean women. In a crossover study, 15 abdominally obese women (age, 54 +/- 9 years; BMI, 37.3 +/- 5.5 kg/m2) and 14 lean women (age, 53 +/- 10 years; BMI, 22.9 +/- 1.9 kg/m2) consumed meals rich in cream (CR), olive oil (OL), canola oil (CAN), potato (POT), and All-Bran (BRAN) in random order. Blood samples were collected before and up to 6 h after the meals and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), lipid peroxides (LPOs), free-fatty acids (FFAs), insulin, glucose, and cortisol were measured. Plasma IL-6 decreased significantly 1 h after the meals then increased significantly above baseline at 4h and 6h in obese women and at 6h in lean women. The incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for IL-6 was significantly (P = 0.02) higher in obese compared with lean women and was significantly lower following the high fiber BRAN meal compared with a POT meal (P = 0.003). Waist circumference (R = 0.491, P = 0.007) and cortisol AUC (R = -0.415, P = 0.03) were significant determinants of the magnitude of 6h changes in plasma IL-6 after the meals. These findings suggest that the postprandial response of plasma IL-6 concentrations may be influenced by the type of carbohydrate in the meal, central adiposity, and circulating cortisol concentrations in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: Wayne H F
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: Michelle M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Sylvia A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Michael J A
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D011198:Solanum tuberosum; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil