title: Rosuvastatin but not ezetimibe improves endothelial function in patients with heart failure, by mechanisms independent of lipid lowering.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Congestive heart failure (HF) is characterised by increased proinflammatory stimulation and impaired endothelial function. Statin treatment exerts a beneficial effect on endothelial function and inflammatory process in patients with atherosclerosis. However, its effect in patients with HF is not well studied. Therefore, in the present study we compared the effect of short-term treatment with rosuvastatin or ezetimibe on endothelial function in patients with HF.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this double-blind, placebo controlled, cross-over trial, 22 patients with HF were randomised to receive ezetimibe 20 mg/d or rosuvastatin 10 mg/d for 4 weeks, with 4 weeks wash-out period between the two interventions. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery at the beginning and at the end of each treatment period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no change in the baseline brachial diameter after treatment with either ezetimibe (p=NS) or rosuvastatin (p=NS). However, there was a significant improvement of FMD in the rosuvastatin group (p<0.05) but not in the ezetimibe group (p=NS). The changes in lipid levels were similar between groups (p=NS). The change in FMD was not significantly correlated with the decrease of serum LDL in either the ezetimibe or rosuvastatin treated groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rosuvastatin improves endothelial function in patients with congestive heart failure, by mechanisms independent of lipid-lowering. On the contrary, lipid-lowering treatment achieved by ezetimibe is unable to affect endothelial function in these patients. These findings indicate a direct beneficial effect of statins in patients with congestive heart failure, further to lipid-lowering.
authors.affiliation: 1st Cardiology Department, Athens University Medical School, Vasilissis Sofias 114, 115 28, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Panagiota
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gounari
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tousoulis
authors.forename: Charalambos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Antoniades
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kampoli
authors.forename: Pavlos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stougiannos
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roulia
authors.forename: Elli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stefanadi
authors.forename: Gerasimos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Siasos
authors.forename: Costas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsioufis
authors.forename: Christodoulos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stefanadis
mesh_terms: D001384:Azetidines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000069438:Ezetimibe; D005260:Female; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001384:Azetidines; D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D008055:Lipids; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D000069438:Ezetimibe