title: Identification of the mouse paternally expressed imprinted gene Zdbf2 on chromosome 1 and its imprinted human homolog ZDBF2 on chromosome 2.
abstract: In mammals, both the maternal and paternal genomes are necessary for normal embryogenesis due to parent-specific epigenetic modification of the genome during gametogenesis, which leads to non-equivalent expression of imprinted genes from the maternal and paternal alleles. In this study, we identified a paternally expressed imprinted gene, Zdbf2, by microarray-based screening using parthenogenetic and normal embryos. Expression analyses showed that Zdbf2 was paternally expressed in various embryonic and adult tissues, except for the placenta and adult testis, which showed biallelic expression of the gene. We also identified a differentially methylated region (DMR) at 10 kb upstream of exon 1 of the Zdbf2 gene and this differential methylation was derived from the germline. Furthermore, we also identified that the human homolog (ZDBF2) of the mouse Zdbf2 gene showed paternal allele-specific expression in human lymphocytes but not in the human placenta. Thus, our findings defined mouse chromosome 1 and human chromosome 2 as the loci for imprinted genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of BioScience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Shinnosuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hiura
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Masayo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kagami
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sotomaru
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism