Five cases of paralytic strabismus as a rare feature of lyme disease.
Lyme borreliosis is the most common human tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. The prevalence of Lyme borreliosis is estimated to be 20-100 cases per 100,000 persons in the United States and 100-155 cases per 100,000 persons in Europe [ 1 , 2 ]. It is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato [ 2 , 3 ]. The course of clinical manifestations is thought to occur in 3 stages: early, disseminated, and chronic [ 2 , 4 ]. Lyme borreliosis can cause a variety of ocular manifestations, and the frequency of these manifestations among cases of Lyme disease involving systemic manifestations is approximately 1% [ 5 ].
Sauer
Arnaud
A
Departments of Ophthalmology, Pole Specialty Medecine Ophthalmology Hygiene, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. arnaud.sauer@gmail.com
Hansmann
Yves
Y
Jaulhac
Benoît
B
Bourcier
Tristan
T
Speeg-Schatz
Claude
C
D000328:Adult; D015748:Borrelia burgdorferi Group / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013285:Strabismus / Q000209:etiology*