title: Impact of inappropriate empirical therapy for sepsis due to health care-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the influence of empirical therapy on the mortality of patients with health care-associated (HCA) sepsis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in a multicenter cohort, and the variables associated with inappropriate empirical therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  All new cases of infection caused by HCA-MRSA presenting with sepsis syndrome in 59 Spanish hospitals during June 2003 were prospectively followed. The main outcome variable was mortality at day 30. Predictors of mortality and of inappropriate empirical therapy were studied using multivariate logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 209 cases. Crude mortality was 23%. After controlling for severity of the underlying condition, ICU stay, presentation with severe sepsis or shock, and site of infection, inappropriate empirical therapy was associated with an increased odds of mortality (OR=3.0; 95% CI: 1.01-9.0; p=0.04). Only 21.1% of the patients received appropriate empirical therapy. Variables independently associated with appropriate therapy were recent surgery, central venous catheter and certain sites of infection (primary bacteraemia, intraabdominal infections, and respiratory tract infections). Cancer patients were at an increased risk of receiving inappropriate therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inappropriate empirical therapy was independently associated with increased mortality in this multicenter cohort. Clinicians should be aware of the need to consider coverage against MRSA more frequently.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain. jesusrodriguez@medynet.com
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Baño
authors.forename: Antonio B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Millán
authors.forename: M Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borraz
authors.forename: M Pau
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Benito
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Almirante
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cercenado
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Padilla
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pujol
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D013030:Spain; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents