title: Increased stimulation threshold in a patient with autoimmune disease: successful management with oral prednisolone and azathioprine.
abstract: We report a patient with a systemic vasculitis and heart involvement with complete atrio-ventricular block. After pacemaker implantation, the stimulation threshold significantly increased resulting in exit block. Two adjunctive ventricular leads were implanted with temporary threshold improvement. Oral glucocorticoids decreased the stimulation threshold with a transient, dose-dependent efficacy but with remarkable side effects. Azathioprine, an immunosuppressive agent, obtained a sustained decrease of the stimulation threshold.
authors.affiliation: Ospedale degli Infermi Strada Rivalta 29, 10098 Rivoli (TO), Italy. annaferraro@tiscali.it
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.forename: A Sibona
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Masi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazza
authors.forename: M C Rosa
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Brusin
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Conte
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D054537:Atrioventricular Block / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011239:Prednisolone; D001379:Azathioprine