title: Screening and formulation of chemoattractant coatings for artificial reef structures.
abstract: This study was carried out to augment the colonization of marine benthic communities on artificial reef structure. Increasing marine pollution along with various natural hazards cause severe damages to marine algae and associated fauna. In recent years, artificial reefs have been deployed in coastal regions of several parts of the world in order to increase the marine productivity. They are mainly built with concrete materials, however their leachates have considerable impacts on algae. Therefore to increase the algal colonization five chemoattractants such as ferrous sulfate, zinc oxide, ammonium nitrate, sodium phosphate and ferrous lactate were screened against spores of a fouling alga, Ulva pertusa. FeSO4 / ZnO (8:2) and ferrous lactate coatings showed the highest spore attachment with 52 +/- 5.2 cm2 and 79.5 +/- 10.2 cm2 spores respectively (p<0.01). Furthermore using these chemoattractants, coating formulations were made and their performances were investigated at East coast (Ayajin harbor) and South coast (Meejo harbor) of Korea. A maximum fouling coverage (with green algae 25%, red algae 11.3% and brown algae 63.7%) was estimated from ferrous lactate coatings (p<0.01). Different composition of coating formulations and their chemoattractive properties were evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan City-336 745, South Korea. leechungwol@hanmail.net
authors.forename: Han Seong
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sidharthan
authors.forename: Cheol Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Young Do
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chi Young
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Man Deuk
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Maeng Joo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rang
authors.forename: Lee Sae
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Bim
authors.forename: Hwan Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa; D032701:Biomimetics; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D005843:Geography; D007723:Korea; D007773:Lactates; D008386:Marine Biology; D009566:Nitrates; D010710:Phosphates; D013170:Spores / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015034:Zinc Oxide
chemical_list: D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D007773:Lactates; D009566:Nitrates; D010710:Phosphates; C020748:ferrous sulfate; C101012:ferrous lactate; C018279:sodium phosphate; D015034:Zinc Oxide; C006568:ammonium nitrate