title: Thyroid disruptor 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) prevents internalization of TSH receptor.
abstract: The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TSHr) was made specifically fluorescent by insertion of a tetracysteine motif (TSHr-FlAsH) into the C-terminal end and transiently transfected into COS-7 and HeLa cells. The observation that TSH administration caused the intracellular level of cAMP to increase in both TSHr-FlAsH-transfected cell types indicated that the FlAsH binding motif did not alter normal TSHr functioning. When transfected into HeLa cells and stimulated with TSH, the TSHr-FlAsH receptor exhibited a pronounced perinuclear labelling pattern, whereas labelling remained on the cell surface following pre-incubation with 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT). Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-TSHr cells probed with anti-TSHr antibodies were fluorescent mainly in the proximity of the plasma membrane, with fluorescence being primarily restricted to a juxta-nuclear position when exposed to 10 mU/ml TSH for 1 or 5 min. However, in the presence of DDT, the anti-TSHr fluorescence maintained a peripheral location along the cell plasma membrane, even if CHO-TSHr cells were stimulated with TSH for 1 and 5 min. To verify that DDT acted specifically on the TSHr, CHO cells transfected with the A(2)a receptor were used as controls. Following a 1-min stimulation with 5'-(N-ethyl-carboxamido)-adenosine, A(2)a receptors were gradually internalized regardless of the presence of DDT in the culture medium. Finally, immunoelectron microscopy of CHO-TSHr cells showed that a 1-min exposure to TSH sufficed to displace anti-TSHr antibodies tagged with 10-nm gold particles into coated pits and vesicles but that their superficial location was retained along the plasma membrane in the presence of DDT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Picchietti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belardinelli
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Taddei
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fausto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pellegrino
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maggio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giorgi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D019556:COS Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003634:DDT / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005453:Fluorescence; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin; D013972:Thyrotropin; D003634:DDT