Cardiovascular risk factors in the normoglycaemic Asian-Indian population--influence of urbanisation.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in normoglycaemic Asian-Indians and its association with urbanisation and plasma glucose.


METHODS
Data on 5,517 normoglycaemic individuals aged >/=20 years (1,521, 1,851 and 2,145 inhabitants of a city, a town and villages, respectively), from a 2006 diabetes survey, were used. The presence of single and multiple abnormalities, including obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertension and dyslipidaemia, was analysed. Risk associations for hypertension and dyslipidaemia were analysed using multivariate analysis after adjusting for confounding variables.


RESULTS
Both the prevalence and clustering of cardiovascular risk variables were higher in urban areas than in villages, and were higher in the city than in the town. Nearly half (47%) of the normoglycaemic individuals from villages had at least one risk factor. Age, male sex, BMI, waist circumference, lack of physical activity and living in an urban environment were associated with hypertension and dyslipidaemia; postprandial glucose level showed no association with hypertension or dyslipidaemia after adjusting for these risk factors. Fasting plasma glucose level showed an independent association with dyslipidaemia.


CONCLUSIONS
There is a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors even among normoglycaemic individuals, and this is highest in urban areas. Fasting plasma glucose level showed an association with dyslipidaemia but not hypertension.
Snehalatha
C
C
India Diabetes Research Foundation, Dr A. Ramachandran's Diabetes Hospitals, 28 Marshall's Road, Egmore, Chennai, 600 008, India.
Ramachandran
A
A
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol