title: A prospective clinical trial of open-label etanercept for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Medical therapies for hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are often ineffective. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors may be a potential treatment for patients with moderate to severe HS.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of etanercept for patients with severe HS.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a phase II clinical trial of etanercept (50 mg/wk subcutaneously) in patients with moderate to severe HS. Efficacy was measured using a Physician Global Assessment and several secondary physician- and patient-reported outcome measures. Responders were classified as those achieving at least a 50% reduction on the Physician Global Assessment score at week 12 compared with baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 3 of the 15 patients who entered the study were classified as responders (response rate of 20%; 95% confidence interval: 4.3-48.1) based on the intention-to-treat analysis. Dermatology Life Quality Index scores improved slightly from a median of 19 to 15 (P = .02). Comparison of baseline with week-12 Physician Global Assessment scores, and secondary outcome measures of lesion counts and patient pain scores, failed to show statistically significant improvement. Etanercept was generally well tolerated; however, two patients discontinued the study as a result of skin infections at the site of hidradenitis lesions requiring oral antibiotics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lack of a control group and a small number of participants are limitations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated minimal evidence of clinically significant efficacy of etanercept (50 mg/wk subcutaneously) in the treatment of hidradenitis. Future studies using higher doses of etanercept are indicated; however, patients need to be carefully monitored for infection and other adverse events. Randomized, controlled trials will be necessary to demonstrate the risk-to-benefit ratio of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors in the treatment of hidradenitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dommasch
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Treat
authors.forename: Joslyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sciacca-Kirby
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chachkin
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Leyden
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vittorio
authors.forename: Joel M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gelfand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D017497:Hidradenitis Suppurativa / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000068800:Etanercept