title: Effects of carbamide peroxide on the staining susceptibility of tooth-colored restorative materials.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of an at-home bleaching gel containing 15% carbamide peroxide on the susceptibility of tooth-colored restorative materials to different staining solutions. The tooth-colored restoratives used in this study were a nano resin composite (Filtek Z350), a packable resin composite (Filtek P60), a polyacid-modified composite (Dyract AP) and a glass-ionomer cement (Ketac Molar Easymix). Each material was equally divided into two groups (n = 34): the bleaching group and the control group. This study included two treatment segments. In the first part (days 1-14), the specimens of the bleaching group were bleached with 15% carbamide peroxide gels for eight hours daily, while the specimens in the control group were stored in deionized water. Subsequently, four specimens from each group were randomly selected for observation under an environmental scanning electron microscope. In the second part (days 15-42), the samples were not bleached. Instead, they were stored in five different kinds of solutions. Color measurements for each sample were taken at six different time periods using a spectrophotometer. The data was then analyzed using SPSS statistical software. After two-weeks of bleaching, all the specimens showed statistically significant color changes compared with the control specimens. Furthermore, the bleaching agents seriously affected the surface morphology of Dyract AP and Ketac Molar Easymix. Following exposure to the staining solutions, it was found that the bleached restorative materials exhibited greater staining susceptibility than the control materials. Filtek Z350 and P60 exhibited the best color stability, while Dyract AP exhibited the least color stability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Manal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Yining
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D003116:Color; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D020770:Compomers / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D020770:Compomers; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D004338:Drug Combinations; C088486:Dyract; C438835:Filtek P60 Composite Resin; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C515713:Ketac Molar Easymix; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D013662:Tea; C533204:filtek Z350; D014867:Water; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea