title: [Thymoma associated with pure red cell aplasia and Kaposi's sarcoma].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thymoma is a rare tumor which represents about 20% of mediastinal tumors. It is associated with several parathymic conditions. A second cancer frequently occurs during long term follow up.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the case of a 59 year-old woman who presented with a two month history of a dry cough. Thoracic imaging revealed a soft tissue mass in the anterior mediastinum with associated bilateral pleural effusion and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Fibreoptic bronchoscopy was normal. CT guided-biopsy was not contributive. A diagnostic mediastinoscopy was carried out. Histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of thymoma. The patient was treated with 4 cycles of chemotherapy which led to a partial regression of the mass. The course was marked by the occurrence of a pure red cell aplasia requiring corticosteroid therapy which caused the disappearance of the anemia. However, bluish nodules appeared on the patients legs which when biopsied were found to represent Kaposi's sarcoma. The patient was treated with chemotherapy (vinblastine) without any improvement of the cutaneous lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our case describes the association of a thymoma, pure red cell aplasia and Kaposi's sarcoma. Immunologic disorders seem to be in the origin of this association.
authors.affiliation: Service de pneumo-allergologie, CHU Hédi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisie. wajdi.ketata@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ketata
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fouzi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Msaad
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ben Amira
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yangui
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayoub
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008481:Mediastinoscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012010:Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000188:drug therapy; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D013945:Thymoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014747:Vinblastine; D011241:Prednisone