title: [Smoking and lung cancer: attributable risks according to gender].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between Lung Cancer and smoking is well documented. However there is less information about the estimation of its attributable fraction and population burden.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the attributable risk and population attributable risk of smoking among Lung Cancer patients attended in Public Health Services at Santiago.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case control study matched by age was carried out. Crude and adjusted attributable and population attributable risks were estimated, controlling for potential confounders and interaction variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age for cases was 63 years for women and 67 years for men. Lung Cancer patients had a higher smoking prevalence than controls (64.5% and 39.7% respectively among women; 95.8 and 67.1 respectively among men p<0.01). Heavy smoker proportion was 4 times higher among patients that smoked 5 to 10 years more (women and men respectively, p<0.01) and 3 times more cigarettes per day (p<0.01). Attributable risk for women was 64.4% and 90.4% for men. Population attributable fraction was 41.9% and 86.3% for women and men, respectively. Projecting these estimates to the Chilean population, approximately 1975 new cases per year of Lung Cancer caused by smoking will be diagnosed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Attributable risks of smoking for Lung Cancer are high and significant, even when they are adjusted by confounding variables.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Doctorado en Salud Pública, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. merazo@med.uchile.cl
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erazo B
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Amigo C
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oyarzún G
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peruga U
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014944:World Health Organization