title: Injecting equipment sharing in Russian drug injecting dyads.
abstract: In this study, we investigated how individual attributes, dyad characteristics and social network characteristics may influence engaging in receptive syringe sharing, distributive syringe sharing and sharing cookers in injecting partnerships of IDUs in St Petersburg, Russia. We found that all three levels were associated with injecting equipment sharing, and that dyad characteristics were modified by characteristics of the social network. Self-reported HIV discordance and male gender concordance played a role in the risk of equipment sharing. Dyad interventions may not be sufficient to reduce injecting risk in IDU partnerships, but a combination of dyad and network interventions that target both IDU partnerships and the entire IDU population may be more appropriate to address injecting risk among IDUs.
authors.affiliation: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction, Lisbon, Portugal. anna.gyarmathy@emcdda.europa.eu
authors.forename: V Anna
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Gyarmathy
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Karin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Tobin
authors.forename: Irving F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Nikolai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sokolov
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levchenko
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Batluk
authors.forename: Andrei A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kozlov
authors.forename: Andrei P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Kozlov
authors.forename: Carl A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Latkin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016485:Needle Sharing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012944:Social Support; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology*