title: Efficacy of DynaCT digital angiography in the detection of the fistulous point of dural arteriovenous fistulas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Identifying the precise hemodynamic features, including the fistulous point, is essential for treatments of dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs). This study illustrates the efficacy of DynaCT digital angiograms obtained from a 3D C-arm CT to directly visualize the location of the fistulous points in DAVFs.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study observed 14 consecutive patients with DAVFs, which included 7 cavernous sinuses, 4 transverse-sigmoid sinuses, 2 convexity-superior sagittal sinuses, and 1 tentorial sinus. In the assessment of the practical applicability for the diagnosis of DAVFs, images obtained from 2D digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and DynaCT were comparatively evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients, DynaCT digital angiography could clearly demonstrate the feeding arteries, the fistulous points, and the draining veins. Significant anatomic landmarks for the fistulous points with relationships to osseous structures were also provided. Compared with 2D DSA, DynaCT digital angiograms demonstrated 12 additional findings in 8 patients (57%), including the detection of the fistulous points (n = 7), the feeders (n = 1), the retrograde leptomeningeal drainage (n = 1), the draining veins (n = 1), and the venous anomaly (n = 2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In comparison with 2D DSA, DynaCT may provide more detailed information to evaluate DAVFs. DynaCT digital angiograms have a high contrast and isotropic spatial resolution, allowing a reliable visualization of small vessels and fine osseous structures. Such detailed information, especially for the location of the fistulous points, could be very useful for either the endovascular or the surgical treatments of DAVFs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan. thiu-nagasaki@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morofuji
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suyama
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nagata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D002426:Cavernous Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020785:Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D054063:Superior Sagittal Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed