title: Acute kidney injury: new concepts in definition, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment.
abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasingly recognized in all fields of medical practice. Unfortunately, this syndrome has been plagued by inconsistent definitions, simplistic pathophysiologic schemas, and insensitive diagnostic tools. Recent advances in defining AKI, understanding its pathophysiology, and improving the diagnostic accuracy of the testing tools available eventually will impact disease management and clinical outcomes. Prompt recognition and treatment of AKI remain the cornerstone of clinical management for this high-mortality, high-cost syndrome. The authors provide the most recent updates in the definition, diagnosis, pathophysiology, and treatment options for patients with AKI, providing a stepwise approach to clinical evaluation for use in all fields of medical practice.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland Medical Cernter in Baltimore, USA. MLattanzio@gmail.com
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lattanzio
authors.forename: Nelson P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Kopyt
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014556:Urine
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003165:Complement System Proteins