title: Metabolic and neuroendocrine consequences of a duodenal-jejunal bypass in rats on a choice diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to examine insulin-sensitive food intake behavior and neuroendocrine and metabolic variables of rats that had undergone a duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  A DJB that circumvents the duodenum and proximal jejunum while leaving the stomach unperturbed rapidly improves insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic rats. This segment of proximal small intestine is innervated by the gastroduodenal branch of the vagus nerve, the transection of which influences food intake choices in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were first placed on a choice of chow and lard for 7 days and additionally provided with an enriched liquid diet for another 7 days before surgery and were allowed only the liquid diet for 7 days after either a sham or DJB operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After surgery, DJB-operated rats initially consumed less than the sham-operated counterparts. When the rats were subsequently provided with the choice of chow and lard for 7 days, there were no differences in intake between the DJB and sham-operated groups. Similarly, the majority of metabolic and neuroendocrine variables measured were unchanged. However, DJB-operated rats exhibited greater mesenteric white adipose tissue weight, fecal output, arcuate nucleus neuropeptide Y mRNA expression, plasma corticosterone, and glucagon levels together with reduced plasma leptin concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DJB surgery does not produce significant differences in food intake choices after a period of recovery; however, there are enduring metabolic and neuroendocrine changes, which are collectively important to understanding the beneficial outcomes of the operation.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Physiology, University of California San Francisco, 94143, USA. james.warne@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Warne
authors.forename: Benjamin E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Padilla
authors.forename: Hart F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Horneman
authors.forename: Abigail B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
authors.forename: Norman C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Pecoraro
authors.forename: Susan F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Akana
authors.forename: Mary F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Dallman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004435:Eating; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007581:Jejunoileal Bypass; D008297:Male; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000503:physiopathology; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley