Blunted sleep-related luteinizing hormone rise in healthy premenarcheal pubertal girls with elevated body mass index.
OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to determine whether excessive adiposity is associated with alteration of the normal hormonal changes of early pubertal girls.


METHODS
Healthy 6.4- to 9.5-yr-old, prepubertal (PRE, n = 20) and 9.4- to 13.0-yr-old pubertal premenarcheal volunteers (PUB, n = 20) were divided into excessive-weight (EW) or normal-weight (NW) groups according to the 85th percentile body mass index. INTERVENTIONS AND SETTING: Overnight blood sampling; GnRH agonist (GnRHag), low-dose ACTH, oral glucose tolerance tests, and pelvic ultrasonograms were performed in our Clinical Research Center.


RESULTS
EW girls were similar in age and baseline and ACTH- and GnRHag-stimulated androgen levels to stage-matched NW girls. However, the sleep-related LH rise was blunted in EW-PUB girls compared with NW-PUB girls. The sleep-related rise of mean LH in EW-PUB [0.68 +/- 0.35 (sem) U/liter] was insignificant, less than that of NW-PUB (2.1 +/- 0.45, P < 0.05) and not significantly different from that of PRE girls (0.08+/-0.03). EW-PUB had slower LH pulse frequency and a lower rise in LH pulse amplitude during sleep than NW-PUB girls (both P < 0.05). Overnight FSH patterns paralleled LH patterns, whereas estradiol levels were similar in stage-matched NW and EW groups, differing between stages as expected. Early morning and peak LH, FSH, and estradiol responses to GnRHag were similar in EW-PUB and NW-PUB and significantly greater than those of PRE girls.


CONCLUSIONS
Healthy EW-PUB girls have significantly blunted sleep-related LH production. These data suggest that excess adiposity, in the absence of sex steroid excess, may subtly suppress hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal function in premenarcheal pubertal girls.
Bordini
Brian
B
Section of Adult and Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. bbordini@peds.bsd.uchicago.edu
Littlejohn
Elizabeth
E
Rosenfield
Robert L
RL
D000293:Adolescent; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006062:Gonadotropins; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood*; D011627:Puberty / Q000502:physiology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D014851:Wakefulness
D006062:Gonadotropins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone