title: Target-controlled inhalation induction with sevoflurane in children: a prospective pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Target-controlled inhalation induction (TCII) with sevoflurane is becoming possible with new anesthesia platforms. Although TCII has already been performed in adults, it remains to be evaluated in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective study, we compared TCII using the Felix AInOC anesthetic station (Taema, Anthony, France) to our standard protocol inhalation induction in children scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia. After preoxygenation, sevoflurane induction was performed in both groups without priming of the circuit. Sufentanil was administered after venous line placement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the TCII group, no overdosage or underdosage was observed except in two children where TCII failed owing to high agitation, and the number of adjustments was lower compared with our standard protocol inhalation induction (1(1-2.5[0-5]) vs 6(5-6[4-10]) respectively). Moreover, the delay to obtain target end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was shorter in the TCII group (2(1.6-2.7[1.3-4]) min vs 3.4(2.5-3.8[2.3-6.5]) min respectively). No significant difference in the delay of loss of consciousness or in the conditions for intubation or laryngeal mask placement was observed between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Felix AInOC allows TCII to be performed satisfactorily in children. Manual inhalation induction induced a higher number of adjustments and overdosages.
authors.affiliation: Department of anesthesia 4, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fritsch
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nouette-Gaulain
authors.forename: Maryline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bordes
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Semjen
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meymat
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cros
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004360:Drug Therapy, Computer-Assisted; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000379:methods; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013990:Tidal Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane