title: The endocannabinoid anandamide neither impairs in vitro T-cell function nor induces regulatory T-cell generation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The cannabinoids have been proposed in the treatment of cancer. Generally, the cannabinoids are believed to be useful only in the palliative therapy of cancer-related symptoms, namely pain, anorexia and cachexia. However, preliminary experiments would also suggest an inhibitory effect of cannabinoids on cancer growth, whereas their influence on anticancer immunity is still controversial. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of the endogenous cannabinoid anandamide (AEA) on T-cell phenotype and function.
  
  
  METHODS
  The in vitro effects of AEA were evaluated at different concentrations on lymphocyte proliferation, cytotoxicity and differentiation, and in particular on T-regulator generation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AEA did not modify lymphocyte proliferation, neither under basal conditions, nor after IL-2 stimulation. Moreover, AEA did not induce the generation of regulatory T-lymphocytes nor the production of the immunosuppressive cytokine, IL-IO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The direct antitumor activity of AEA together with the absence of negative effects on T-cell functions might provide new insights into the potential use of cannabinoid agents in cancer immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation Oncology, Clinica Pediatrica Università Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo, Monza, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lissoni
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tintori
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fumagalli
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brivio
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parolini
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biondi
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balestra
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Amico
mesh_terms: D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D020014:K562 Cells; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D017252:CD3 Complex; D002186:Cannabinoids; D016207:Cytokines; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; C078814:anandamide