Redox regulation of nuclear post-translational modifications during NF-kappaB activation.
The transcription factor NF-kappaB controls the expression of hundreds of genes involved in the regulation of the immune/inflammatory response, development, and apoptosis. In resting cells, NF-kappaB proteins are sequestered in the cytoplasm through their tight association with IkappaB proteins. NF-kappaB activation relies on the signal-induced IkappaB phosphorylation and degradation, thereby allowing the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB proteins. In the nucleus, several post-translational modifications of NF-kappaB and chromatin remodeling of target genes are mandatory for NF-kappaB DNA binding and full transcription. Since 1991, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in NF-kappaB activation. ROS enhance the cytoplasmic signaling pathways leading to NF-kappaB nuclear translocation, but reduction/oxidation (redox) also controls several key steps in the nuclear phase of the NF-kappaB program, including chromatin remodeling, recruitment of co-activators, and DNA binding. Here we describe the redox regulation of NF-kappaB activity in the nucleus.
Gloire
Geoffrey
G
GIGA-Research (B34), Unit of Signal Transduction, Laboratory of Virology and Immunology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Piette
Jacques
J
D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide