title: The use of two-dimension electrophoresis to identify serum biomarkers from patients with dengue haemorrhagic fever.
abstract: Dengue infection is a major public health problem affecting millions of people living in tropical countries. With no suitable vaccines and specific antiviral drugs, treatment for dengue is usually symptomatic and supportive. Early diagnosis and recognition of severe disease is therefore crucial for better management of the patient. Two-dimension electrophoresis was used to identify disease-associated proteins that can be used for diagnosis and as drug targets for treatment. Two markers, identified by mass spectrometry analysis as alpha1-antitrypsin and NS1 proteins were found to be upregulated in dengue fever (DF; n=10) and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF; n=10) patients compared with healthy individuals (n=8). Both alpha1-antitrypsin and NS1 proteins were overexpressed two-fold in DHF patients compared with DF patients. Our study suggests that alpha1-antitrypsin and NS1 protein could be used as biomarkers as early indicators of DHF risk among patients with suspected dengue infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ravindran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thayan
authors.forename: Tan Lian
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Huat
authors.forename: Lucy Lum Chai
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: See
authors.forename: Christina Phoay Lay
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Nor Shahidah
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Khairullah
authors.forename: Rohana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yusof
authors.forename: Shamala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Devi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D019595:Severe Dengue / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; C082515:NS1 protein, dengue-1 virus; D012367:RNA, Viral; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin