title: Tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil as first line immunosuppression after lung transplantation.
abstract: The optimal maintenance therapy after lung transplantation remains to be established. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) as first line immunosuppression on long-term survival and Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS). From January 1996 through December 2006, all 155 recipients receiving tacrolimus and MMF as maintenance immunosuppression were included in this study. Tacrolimus and MMF was discontinued in 36 patients (23.2%). The overall survival rates were 91.6% at 6 months, 86.4% at 1 year, 74.9% at 3 years, 60.3% at 5 years and 32.4% at 10 years. The overall freedom from acute rejection was 74.6%, 63.2% and 59.4% at 1, 3, and 5 years respectively. The overall BOS-free survival was 95.6% at 1 year, 88.4% at 3 years, 69.5% at 5 years and 30.5% at 10 years. The development of BOS > or = 1 was associated with a significantly increased risk of death and reduced long-term survival. The combination of tacrolimus and MMF offers safe and reliable maintenance immunosuppression after lung transplantation. However, substantial improvements of long-term survival and freedom from BOS might only be achieved by a change in organ allocation policies and patient management beyond differential immunosuppressive protocols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Int. Medicine I, Division of Pulmonary Diseases, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany. claus.neurohr@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neurohr
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huppmann
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: Hanno
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leuchte
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hatz
authors.forename: Lorenz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Uberfuhr
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bittmann
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Behr
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reichart
mesh_terms: D001989:Bronchiolitis Obliterans / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D016559:Tacrolimus