title: Genotypic determination by PCR-RFLP of human papillomavirus in normal oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma samples in Madrid (Spain).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), especially genotypes 16 and 18, are considered to be human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). They are the most important etiological agents of uterine cervix cancer but their true role in oral carcinogenesis is controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To detect the presence of HPV genome genotypes in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and analyze their relationship with clinicopathological variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presence of genome ofHPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 39, 42, 45, and 52 was studied by polymerase chain reaction in samples of normal mucosa (30 controls), oral leukoplakia (35 cases) and OSCC (33 cases). Results were compared between groups and differences were examined in relation to clinical and histological variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV genome was detected in 23.3% of controls, 45.7% of oral leukoplakias, and 39.4% of OSCCs. Only HPV-16 was significantly (p=0.0005) more frequently detected in leukoplakias (40%) and OSCCs (33.3%) versus controls (0%). No significant relationship was found between the presence of viral genome and the main clinicopathological variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to these findings, the presence of HPV-16 is significantly associated with oral leukoplakia and OSCC lesions, therefore in our setting this virus may be a carcinogenic element in this disease.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Bucofacial, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Llamas-Martínez
authors.forename: German
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Esparza-Gómez
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campo-Trapero
authors.forename: Paloma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cancela-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bascones-Martínez
authors.forename: Luis Alberto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno-López
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: García-Núñez
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cerero-Lapiedra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000235:genetics*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length