title: Zinc protects Ceratophyllum demersum L. (free-floating hydrophyte) against reactive oxygen species induced by cadmium.
abstract: Evidence for Zn protection against Cd-induced reactive oxygen species in the free-floating hydrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum L. is presented in this paper. Metal treatments of 10 micromol/L Cd, 10 Cd micromol/L supplemented with Zn (10, 50, 100 and 200 micromol/L) and Zn-alone treatments of the same concentrations were used. Using 5,5 dimethyl pyrroline-N-oxide as the spin-probe, electron spin resonance spectra indicated a drastic increase in hydroxyl radicals (OH()) in Cd-10 micromol/L treatments, which was closely correlating with the enhanced formation of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and generation of superoxide radical (O(2)(-)) triggered by the oxidation of NADPH. The supplementation of adding Zn (10-200 micromol/L) to the Cd-10 micromol/L treatments significantly decreased the production of free radicals especially by eliminating the precursors of OH() through inhibition of NADPH oxidation. Cd-enhanced ROS production which substantially increased the oxidative products of proteins measured as carbonyls was effectively inhibited by Zn supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aravind
authors.forename: M N V
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malec
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Waloszek
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strzałka
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004249:DNA Damage; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014131:Trace Elements; D002104:Cadmium; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D015032:Zinc