17beta-oestradiol and progesterone regulate anandamide synthesis in the rat uterus.
Anandamide is an endocannabinoid known to participate in reproductive processes. This study observed that 17beta-oestradiol and progesterone modulated the production of anandamide and its metabolizing enzymes in the rat uterus. Anandamide production was highest at the oestrous stage and 17beta-oestradiol and progesterone stimulated its synthesis in ovariectomized rats. During early pregnancy, anandamide production remained constant on days 1-5 of gestation and diminished towards day 6. On day 6, implantation sites showed lower synthesis compared with interimplantation sites. In the delayed implantation model, 17beta-oestradiol inhibited anandamide synthesis compared with progesterone. During pseudopregnancy, anandamide production did not decrease towards day 6 as occurred during normal gestation. The administration of 17beta-oestradiol augmented anandamide production in rats on day 5 of pseudopregnancy; the treatment with mifepristone did not produce any change in anandamide synthesis. Anandamide-metabolizing enzymes were regulated by progesterone and 17beta-oestradiol. The effect of ovarian hormones on the synthesis of anandamide depends on different physiological conditions, oestrous cycle and early pregnancy, and on the presence of the activated blastocyst. Thus, ovarian hormones, as signals that emanate from the mother, operate in conjunction with the blastocyst intrinsic programme, regulating the synthesis of anandamide in a specific manner during crucial reproductive events that may compromise pregnancy outcome.
Ribeiro
María L
ML
Laboratory of Physiopathology of Pregnancy and Labor, Center for Pharmacological and Botanical Studies, School of Medicine (National Research Council, University of Buenos Aires), Paraguay, Buenos Aires, Argentina. marialribeiro@yahoo.com.ar
Vercelli
Claudia A
CA
Sordelli
Micaela S
MS
Farina
Mariana G
MG
Cervini
Marcos
M
Billi
Silvia
S
Franchi
Ana M
AM
D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011555:Pseudopregnancy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases
D000581:Amidohydrolases; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D004958:Estradiol; D010739:Phospholipase D; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D011374:Progesterone; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases; C527163:Napepld protein, rat; C078814:anandamide