Critical loss of the balance between Th17 and T regulatory cell populations in pathogenic SIV infection.
Chronic immune activation and progression to AIDS are observed after SIV infection in macaques but not in natural host primate species. To better understand this dichotomy, we compared acute pathogenic SIV infection in pigtailed macaques (PTs) to non-pathogenic infection in African green monkeys (AGMs). SIVagm-infected PTs, but not SIVagm-infected AGMs, rapidly developed systemic immune activation, marked and selective depletion of IL-17-secreting (Th17) cells, and loss of the balance between Th17 and T regulatory (Treg) cells in blood, lymphoid organs, and mucosal tissue. The loss of Th17 cells was found to be predictive of systemic and sustained T cell activation. Collectively, these data indicate that loss of the Th17 to Treg balance is related to SIV disease progression.
Favre
David
D
Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
Lederer
Sharon
S
Kanwar
Bittoo
B
Ma
Zhong-Min
ZM
Proll
Sean
S
Kasakow
Zeljka
Z
Mold
Jeff
J
Swainson
Louise
L
Barbour
Jason D
JD
Baskin
Carole R
CR
Palermo
Robert
R
Pandrea
Ivona
I
Miller
Christopher J
CJ
Katze
Michael G
MG
McCune
Joseph M
JM
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008254:Macaca nemestrina; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D019562:Viral Load
D016207:Cytokines; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D020381:Interleukin-17; D012367:RNA, Viral