title: Translocated effectors of Yersinia.
abstract: Currently, all known translocated effectors of Yersinia are delivered into host cells by type III secretion systems (T3SSs). Pathogenic Yersinia maintain the plasmid-encoded Ysc T3SS for the specific delivery of the well-studied Yop effectors. New horizons for effector biology have opened with the discovery of the Ysps of Y. enterocolitica Biovar 1B, which are translocated into host cells by the chromosome-endoded Ysa T3SS. The reported arsenal of effectors is likely to expand since genomic analysis has revealed gene-clusters in some Yersinia that code for other T3SSs. These efforts also revealed possible type VI secretion (T6S) systems, which may indicate that translocation of effectors occurs by multiple mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Robert Mondavi South Laboratory Building, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. hmatsumoto@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Glenn M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010957:Plasmids; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D015007:Yersinia / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors