title: A Markov model assessing the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of FOLFOX compared with FOLFIRI for the initial treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of FOLFOX compared with FOLFIRI for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a Markov decision model using a hypothetical cohort of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer to compare beginning chemotherapy with FOLFOX or FOLFIRI. Probabilities of toxicities, including neutropenia, diarrhea, and neuropathy, were based on published literature for FOLFOX and FOLFIRI. Costs for physician and hospital services unadjusted for geographic location were estimated using Centers for Medicare and Medicaid services reimbursement data. Drug costs were estimated using Medicare B reimbursement and the Federal Supply Schedule. Health outcomes were measured in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to address uncertainty in the model parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The FOLFOX strategy provided 1.003 QALYs at a cost of $29,865, whereas FOLFIRI provided 0.921 QALYs at a cost of $24,551. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for FOLFOX treatment was $65,170/QALY. In 10,000 probabilistic Monte Carlo simulations, FOLFOX was cost-effective in 48.59% of trials using a $50,000/QALY threshold. The most influential variables in univariate sensitivity analysis were the expected years of survival associated with each chemotherapy regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FOLFOX and FOLFIRI are similar in terms of costs and benefits. The slight QALY benefits associated with FOLFOX are within the range of $100,000/QALY, an accepted threshold in oncology.
authors.affiliation: Winship Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Tumeh
authors.forename: Pareen J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Shenoy
authors.forename: Susan G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kauh
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flowers
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics* / Q000556:secondary; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008390:Markov Chains; D017059:Models, Econometric; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011788:Quality of Life; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D002166:Camptothecin