Decreased perinatal mortality among women with diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
To examine pregnancy outcomes associated with diet-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM A1).


METHODS
A retrospective cohort study compared pregnancy characteristics of women with and without GDM A1 at a center where GDM A1 patients are routinely induced at 40 weeks.


RESULTS
Higher rates of complications such as shoulder dystocia, congenital malformation, and macrosomia were observed in GDM A1 patients. A lower incidence of perinatal mortality was present in GDM A1 women compared with women without GDM A1. This association lost its significance when controlled for maternal age, ethnicity, induction, cesarean delivery, and birth weight in a multivariate model. Although the stillbirth rate before 40 weeks of gestation was identical among all participants, after 40 weeks it was significantly higher in women without GDM A1.


CONCLUSIONS
Induction of women with GDM A1 at 40 weeks may play a role in lowering perinatal mortality to below that of the general population.
Karmon
Anatte
A
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er-Sheva, Israel.
Levy
Amalia
A
Holcberg
Gershon
G
Wiznitzer
Arnon
A
Mazor
Moshe
M
Sheiner
Eyal
E
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008423:Maternal Age; D054238:Perinatal Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult