Investigating the causes of wrap-up effects: evidence from eye movements and E-Z Reader.
Wrap-up effects in reading have traditionally been thought to reflect increased processing associated with intra- and inter-clause integration (Just, M. A. & Carpenter, P. A. (1980). A theory of reading: From eye fixations to comprehension. Psychological Review,87(4), 329-354; Rayner, K., Kambe, G., & Duffy, S. A. (2000). The effect of clause wrap-up on eye movements during reading. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology,53A(4), 1061-1080; cf. Hirotani, M., Frazier, L., & Rayner, K. (2006). Punctuation and intonation effects on clause and sentence wrap-up: Evidence from eye movements. Journal of Memory and Language,54, 425-443). We report an eye-tracking experiment with a strong manipulation of integrative complexity at a critical word that was either sentence-final, ended a comma-marked clause, or was not comma-marked. Although both complexity and punctuation had reliable effects, they did not interact in any eye-movement measure. These results as well as simulations using the E-Z Reader model of eye-movement control (Reichle, E. D., Warren, T., & McConnell, K. (2009). Using E-Z Reader to model the effects of higher-level language processing on eye movements during reading. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review,16(1), 1-20) suggest that traditional accounts of clause wrap-up are incomplete.
Warren
Tessa
T
University of Pittsburgh, Learning Research and Development Center, 3939 O'Hara St., Pittsburgh, PA 15206, USA. tessa@pitt.edu
White
Sarah J
SJ
Reichle
Erik D
ED
D003463:Cues; D006801:Humans; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011578:Psycholinguistics; D011932:Reading; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult