title: Hemostasis during functional endoscopic sinus surgery: the effect of local infiltration with adrenaline.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility of the use of a topical vasoconstrictor for hemostasis during functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  From May 1998 to August 2002, 226 patients (injection group) with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis received an adrenaline injection for hemostasis during functional endoscopic sinus surgery at our tertiary referral center. After September 2002, topical adrenaline was applied for hemostasis in 226 consecutive patients (noninjection group) who underwent the same surgery. The two groups were matched by age, sex, body weight, stage of chronic rhinosinusitis, and pre-anesthesia blood pressure. The hemostatic effects in each group were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences in operation time and intraoperative blood loss were reached between the two groups of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topical use of adrenaline achieved similar hemostatic effect compared with injection of adrenaline. Intranasal injection of a vasoconstrictor, in consideration of its adverse effects, may be avoided during surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ta-Jen
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chi-Che
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Po-Hung
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chee-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yi-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004724:Endoscopy; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D004837:Epinephrine