title: The short-rooted phenotype of the brevis radix mutant partly reflects root abscisic acid hypersensitivity.
abstract: To gain further insight into abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and its role in growth regulation, we have screened for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants hypersensitive to ABA-mediated root growth inhibition. As a result, we have identified a loss-of-function allele of BREVIS RADIX (BRX) in the Columbia background, named brx-2, which shows enhanced response to ABA-mediated inhibition of root growth. BRX encodes a key regulator of cell proliferation and elongation in the root, which has been implicated in the brassinosteroid (BR) pathway as well as in the regulation of auxin-responsive gene expression. Mutants affected in BR signaling that are not impaired in root growth, such as bes1-D, bzr1-D, and bsu1-D, also showed enhanced sensitivity to ABA-mediated inhibition of root growth. Triple loss-of-function mutants affected in PP2Cs, which act as negative regulators of ABA signaling, showed impaired root growth in the absence of exogenous ABA, indicating that disturbed regulation of ABA sensitivity impairs root growth. In agreement with this result, diminishing ABA sensitivity of brx-2 by crossing it with a 35S:HAB1 ABA-insensitive line allowed significantly higher recovery of root growth after brassinolide treatment. Finally, transcriptomic analysis revealed that ABA treatment negatively affects auxin signaling in wild-type and brx-2 roots and that ABA response is globally altered in brx-2. Taken together, our results reveal an interaction between BRs, auxin, and ABA in the control of root growth and indicate that altered sensitivity to ABA is partly responsible for the brx short-root phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-46022 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Americo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santiago
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saez
authors.forename: Karen S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Osmont
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gadea
authors.forename: Christian S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hardtke
authors.forename: Pedro L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D060406:Brassinosteroids; D002777:Cholestanols / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D017343:Genes, Plant; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C; D013260:Steroids, Heterocyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C483078:BREVIS RADIX protein, Arabidopsis; C454444:BZR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D060406:Brassinosteroids; D002777:Cholestanols; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D013260:Steroids, Heterocyclic; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C484237:BSU1 protein, Arabidopsis; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C; C023623:brassinolide