title: Phase I enzyme induction in Girardinichthys viviparus, an endangered goodeid fish, exposed to water from native localities enriched with polychlorinated biphenyls.
abstract: The present study examines the induction of mixed-function oxidase (MFO) enzymes, including CYP content CYP1A (EROD) activity and alcohol dehydrogenase activity (ADH), in an endemic Mexican fish species, the black-fin goodeid Girardinichthys viviparus, exposed to the water of two localities, Lake Texcoco (LTX) and Lake Zumpango, and to the same matrices enriched in polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to simulate the potential toxic effects of sublethal increases in these xenobiotics. Fishes of both sexes born in the laboratory were exposed for 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 days. Water from the two types of localities of the black-fin goodeid contains MFO inducers. Of the two, the most contaminated is LTX water, which also contains PCBs. EROD activity was higher in all treatments with female compared with male fish. This suggests greater metabolic compromise in female fish as a response to damage caused by these xenobiotics. In this species, CYP induction displayed two patterns that were not always concurrent with higher CYP1A activity. In the enriched matrix system, biotransformation processes were notably altered. Increased ADH may indicate that this enzyme is involved in the biotransformation of PCBs and their metabolites, particularly in male fish, and provides at least a part of reductive power required by the MFO enzymes; however, specific studies are needed to clarify this point.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Avenida Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos Zacatenco, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, México Distrito Federal, CP 07738, Mexico. avegadv@yahoo.com.mx
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vega-López
authors.forename: F Alejandro
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Orozco
authors.forename: Luís A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Zamudio
authors.forename: Ethel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Latorre
authors.forename: M Lilia
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Domínguez-López
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D056727:Endangered Species; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005260:Female; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis*; D007695:Killifishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D050216:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I; D008800:Mexico; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1