title: Free amino acids as indicators of nutritional status of silver bream (Vimba vimba), when using commercial and purified diets.
abstract: Studies on larval rearing of silver bream (Vimba vimba), a migratory cyprinid fish have addressed on limited scale larval and juvenile rearing using commercial and semipurified diets along with live feeds, such as brine shrimp Artemia nauplii. The objectives of the present study were (1) to determine whether experimental, protein-, peptide-, free amino acid-based diets are adequate for larval silver bream, a stomachless fish, (2) to evaluate whether commercial and purified diets are comparable as the first/exclusive feed for growth and survival of silver bream, and (3) to examine whether free amino acid concentrations in fish body are potential indicators of availability of amino acid sources. We report here the differences in diets acceptance, fish growth and diet utilization in silver bream in comparison to other cyprinid fishes. We specifically address the response in free amino acids in the body to dietary treatments. Experimental diets included: a commercial Aglo Norse feed, casein-gelatin based diet (CG), free amino acid mixture diet (FAA), dipeptide (PP), dipeptide-protein (PP50) based diet, and dipeptide diet without arginine (NoArg). In addition, live Artemia were offered to 3 groups and "fasting" control treatment was included during 3 week long trial. Fish offered Artemia overperformed those offered formulated diets both in terms of mass (80.7+/-26.3 mg) and survival (97.2%). We also indicate that commercial and purified diets are comparable as the first/exclusive feed for growth and survival of silver bream. Our experiment also showed that the whole body free amino acid concentrations of 9 indispensable amino acids (IDAA) out of 10 (His, Thr, Arg, Val, Met, Ile, Leu, Trp, Lys) in the PP50 group was the highest among 7 diet treatments and the totalfree amino acid concentration, total dispensable amino acids (DAA) and total IDAA of the PP50 diet fed fish showed the same trend. This may indicate that diets based on 50% of dipeptides and 50% of protein are adequate for silver bream larvae as they result in similar growth, survival and whole body IDAA concentrations as in fish fed CG (protein-based) diet fed fish.
authors.affiliation: University of Warmia and Mazury, Faculty of Environmental Protection and Fisheries, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kwasek
authors.forename: Yongfang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hliwa
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gomułka
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ostaszewska
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dabrowski
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000191:economics / Q000662:veterinary*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D021541:Sea Bream / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010455:Peptides