title: Development of a defined medium for Clostridium scatologenes ATCC 25775.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a defined medium for Clostridium scatologenes ATCC 25775, which produces the malodorants 3-methylindole (skatole) and 4-methylphenol (p-cresol).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clostridium scatologenes was cultured in anaerobic broth medium (pH 6.3) at 37 degrees C containing ammonia, minerals and a commercial vitamin solution. Data indicate alpha-ketoglutarate, L-glutamate or L-glutamine is a required nutrient that can also serve as a primary carbon and energy source. When cultured in defined medium containing glutamate; glucose, fructose and betaine served as primary carbon and energy sources. L-Tryptophan, L-tyrosine, sorbitol and indole acetic acid did not enhance growth. In the absence of tryptophan, cells produced indole when grown using glucose or fructose. 4-Methylphenol was produced when growing cells were supplied with tyrosine. When supplied with tryptophan, 3-methylindole was produced by glucose- or fructose-growing cells but not from glutamate-growing cells. Cells grown in the presence of pyruvate produced indole, 3-methylindole and 4-methylphenol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clostridium scatologenes requires alpha-ketoglutarate, L-glutamate, or L-glutamine for growth in defined medium. Cells produce indole when glucose or fructose is included in defined medium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The development of a defined medium will assist in physiology studies and genetic analysis of this strain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY 42101-1080, USA.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kridelbaugh
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Doerner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D003013:Clostridium / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D003408:Cresols / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D007656:Ketoglutaric Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D012862:Skatole / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003408:Cresols; D003470:Culture Media; D007656:Ketoglutaric Acids; D005973:Glutamine; C032538:4-cresol; D005632:Fructose; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D012862:Skatole; D005947:Glucose