title: Aerobic cost in elite female adolescent swimmers.
abstract: Maximal performance in swimming depends on metabolic power and the economy of swimming. Thus, the energy cost of swimming (economy= VO(2)/V, C(s)) and maximal aerobic power (VO(2max)) in elite young female swimmers (n=10, age: 15.3+/-1.5 years) and their relationships to race times (50-1,000 m) and national ranking were examined. VO(2) increased exponentially with velocity (V), (VO(2)=5.95+(-10.58 V)+5.84 V(2)) to a maximal VO(2) of 2.71+/-0.50 L x min(-1) (46.7+/-8.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)) at a free swimming velocity of 1.37+/-0.07 m x s(-1). C(s) was constant up to 1.2 m x s(-1) (21.5 mL x m(-1)), however was significantly higher at 1.36 m x s(-1) (27.3 mL x m(-1)). Peak [La] was 5.34+/-2.26 mM. C(s) expressed as a percentage of Cs at maximal swimming velocity was significantly correlated with race times and ranking across a number of distances. The data for these elite females demonstrate that the energy cost of swimming is a good predictor of performance across a range of distances. However, as swimming performance is determined by a combination of factors, these findings warrant further examination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, United Kingdom. unnithv@hope.ac.uk
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Unnithan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holohan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fernhall
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wylegala
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Pendergast
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult