title: Obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnea influences high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the elderly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An association between obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnea (OSAH) and cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia has been described in adults and high-risk populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined this association in a prospective cohort (SYNAPSE study) of 846 elderly (68.5+/-1.1 years) volunteers (41.6% of men). No subject presented with recognized OSAH syndrome, heart disease, or any neurological disorder. Unattended at-home polygraphy was done by all subjects. OSAH severity was defined as moderate (apnoea/hypopnea index: AHI>15/h) or severe (AHI>30/h). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) was measured by immuno-separation-based homogenous assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of severe cases reached 21.5% (AHI mean+/-SD: 43.5+/-11.9). Using univariate linear regression analysis, AHI (R=-0.172; p<0.0001), oxyhemoglobin desaturation index (ODI) (R=-0.108; p<0.002), mean SaO(2) (R=0.125; p<0.0003) and Nadir SaO(2) (R=0.094; p<0.007) were significantly associated with HDL-c. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that male gender, BMI, waist to hip ratio, ODI, and AHI represent independent predictors of HDL-c. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between severe OSAH and low HDL-c serum levels (p<0.03) after adjustment for gender, BMI, hypertension, glycaemia, waist to hip ratio, alcohol intake and treated dyslipidemia. The association appears more evident in subjects free of lipid-lowering medications and beta-blockers (p<0.007). There was no independent association of OSAH syndrome with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unrecognized moderate to severe apnoea/hypopnea syndrome was independently associated with low HDL-c serum levels in the present cross-sectional based elderly population. This could explain the deleterious effect of OSAH syndrome on cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Service de Physiologie Clinique et de l'Exercice (Pole Hospitalier NOL), EFCR, CHU Nord-Niveau 6, Faculté de Médecine Jacques Lisfranc, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France. Frederic.Roche@univ-st-etienne.fr
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sforza
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pichot
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maudoux
authors.forename: Arnaultd
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcin
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Celle
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picard-Kossovsky
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gaspoz
authors.forename: Jean Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barthélémy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL