title: Evaluation of sequential multiplex PCR for direct detection of multiple serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae from nasopharyngeal secretions.
abstract: Sequential multiplex PCR was evaluated for detection of multiple Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes directly from nasopharyngeal secretions. A total of 279 nasopharyngeal swab samples were tested blindly. When limited to the 29 serotypes identifiable by the molecular method, the mean number of serotypes identified by the conventional latex/Quellung method was 0.85, which was significantly lower than that by the molecular method (P <0.0001). The multiplex PCR method identified significantly more serotypes than the latex/Quellung method if limited to the 29 serotypes (P=0.001 and P=0.014, respectively).
authors.affiliation: Bacterial Diseases Programme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratories, Banjul, The Gambia.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antonio
authors.affiliation: Bacterial Diseases Programme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratories, Banjul, The Gambia.
authors.forename: Ishrat
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hakeem
authors.affiliation: Bacterial Diseases Programme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratories, Banjul, The Gambia.
authors.forename: Kawsu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sankareh
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
authors.forename: Yin Bun
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.affiliation: Bacterial Diseases Programme, Medical Research Council (MRC) Laboratories, Banjul, The Gambia.
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Adegbola
mesh_terms: D016010:Binomial Distribution; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005714:Gambia; D006801:Humans; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000592:standards; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D011336:Probability; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate