title: The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the associated factors to CKD in urban Korea: a population-based cross-sectional epidemiologic study.
abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide problem. This study was designed to survey the prevalence and risk factors for CKD in Korea. The 2,356 subjects were selected in proportion to age, gender, and city. Subjects 35 yr of age or older were selected from 7 cities. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study equation, with albuminuria defined as a urine albumin to creatinine ratio of 30 mg/g or more. The overall prevalence of CKD was 13.7%. The prevalences of CKD according to stage were 2.0% stage 1, 6.7% stage 2, 4.8% stage 3, 0.2% stage 4, and 0.0% stage 5. The prevalences of microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria were 8.6% and 1.6%, respectively. The prevalence of eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) was 5.0%. Age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and fasting blood glucose were independent factors related to the presence of CKD. In conclusions, Korea, in which the prevalence of CKD is increasing, should prepare a policy for early detection and appropriate treatment of CKD. The present data will be helpful in taking those actions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. mednep@snubh.org
authors.forename: Suhnggwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chun Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Dong Cheol
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Gyo Sun
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ho Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Seung-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Yong
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yeong Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yon-Su
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis; D004032:Diet; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009398:Nephrology / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors