title: Structural elucidation of T-2 toxin thermal degradation products and investigations toward their occurrence in retail food.
abstract: The stability of T-2 toxin under the conditions of baking or cooking was investigated using heating experiments with the model substances alpha-d-glucose, alpha-d-methyl-glucopyranosid, N-alpha-acetyl-l-lysine methyl ester, and N-alpha-acetyl-cysteine methyl ester. The reaction residue was screened for degradation products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light-scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD). Although T-2 toxin was degraded under all conditions, only heating of T-2 toxin with alpha-d-glucose produced a mixture of three degradation products, which were isolated and identified by MS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. The reaction mechanism for the formation of the T-2 degradation products was elucidated by quantum chemical calculations. The relevance of these degradation products was investigated by baking experiments as well as the analysis of retail food samples. In cell-culture studies using immortalized human kidney epithelial (IHKE) cells, the T-2 degradation products were less cytotoxic (formazan dye cytotoxicity assay) compared to T-2 toxin.
authors.affiliation: Institut fur Lebensmittelchemie, Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster, Corrensstrasse 45, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beyer
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ferse
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mulac
authors.forename: Ernst-Ulrich
authors.initials: EU
authors.lastname: Würthwein
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Humpf
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004355:Drug Stability; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D013605:T-2 Toxin