title: Effect of thermal water and adjunctive electrotherapy on chronic low back pain: a double-blind, randomized, follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of thermal mineral water, compared with tap water in the treatment of low back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  This randomized, double-blind, controlled, follow-up study included 71 patients who underwent 20-minute daily treatment sessions with medicinal water or with tap water, both at a temperature of 34 degrees C, on 21 occasions. Both groups underwent additional adjunctive electrotherapy. Outcome measures were visual analogue scale scores, Schober's sign, Domján's signs, Oswestry disability and Short Form-36 questionnaire. The study parameters were administered at baseline, immediately after treatment, and after 15 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After treatment, there was a significant improvement in all parameters in the thermal water group. This improvement was still evident after 15 weeks. The improvement in the control group was less substantial compared with baseline values. Comparison of the 2 treatments revealed a statistically significant difference in 3 outcome parameters (visual analogue scale scores III, IV and Schober's index). In the subset of patients who completed the study according to the protocol, the greater efficacy of treatment with thermal water was also confirmed by the other study parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the group treated with thermal water, improvement occurred earlier, lasted longer and was statistically significant.
authors.affiliation: Szent András Rheumatology Hospital, Hévíz, Hungary.
authors.forename: Agota
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kulisch
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bender
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Németh
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Szekeres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001452:Balneology / Q000379:methods*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008900:Mineral Waters; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008900:Mineral Waters