title: Approaches to assessment of alcohol intake during pregnancy in Swedish maternity care--a national-based investigation into midwives' alcohol-related education, knowledge and practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to evaluate how much education midwives in Sweden have undertaken to help them assess alcohol intake during pregnancy, and what tools they use to identify women who may be at risk of drinking during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  a national survey was conducted in March 2006, using a questionnaire constructed by a Swedish team of researchers and clinicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  maternity health-care centres in Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  2106 midwives.
  
  
  RESULTS
  nearly all midwives stated that they had excellent or good knowledge concerning the risks associated with drinking during pregnancy. They considered themselves less knowledgeable about detecting pregnant women with risky alcohol consumption before pregnancy. The majority of the midwives had participated in some education in handling risky drinking. Almost half of the midwives assessed women's alcohol intake before pregnancy. Important facilitators for increased activity concerned recommendations and decisions at different levels (national, local and management) on how to address alcohol with expectant parents and work with risky drinkers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  more education was associated with more common use of a questionnaire for assessment of women's alcohol intake before pregnancy, and more frequent counselling when identifying a pregnant woman whose pre-pregnancy consumption was risky.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Division of Social Medicine and Public Health Science, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden. mahol@ihs.liu.se
authors.forename: Marika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holmqvist
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nilsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008880:Midwifery; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult