title: [How to prevent hazards and to reduce risk in clinical trials?].
abstract: Different stakeholders involved in clinical trials are exposed to hazards related with this biomedical research. Beside clinical trials participants other important stakeholders are: investigators, sponsors, centers and clinical research organizations. Hazard prevention needs effective methods of hazard disclosure and analysis. A reduction of risks related with clinical trials is possible due to education, training, inspections, research discipline and penalties. Effective ways of hazard elimination or hazard reduction should be developed as well. Education and training should be offered to all stakeholders but their forms and contents should be adapted to different types of stakeholders. Direct control of the clinical trials should be held by stakeholders conducting clinical trials and outside inspections should be done by other institutions like clinical research organizations, research ethics committees and The Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products. Serious oversight is an absence of any independent inspection during a phase of publication of clinical trial results. We should not accept any exception from the golden rule that results of all clinical trials must be published. Indemnity for damages is a popular way of compensation for clinical trials participants. Investigators, sponsors and centers should have valid liability insurance. Drastic measures for reduction of risks in clinical trials are different kinds of penalties. They should prevent participation of unreliable stakeholders and promote those who respect regulations and high ethical standards.
authors.affiliation: Warszawski Uniwersytet Medyczny, Katedra i Klinika Chorób Wewnetrznych i Endokrynologii. mczark@gmail.com
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czarkowski
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000941:ethics* / Q000379:methods*; D012107:Research Design; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012308:Risk Management / Q000379:methods*