Complications in fillers and Botox.
Americans spent $11 billion on cosmetic surgery procedures in 2007. Almost $3 billion were spent on minimally invasive procedures, of which injectable facial fillers and botulinum toxin type A (Botox) were the most popular. Injectables have fueled the fires of the popularity of cosmetic facial surgery. They have provided more options to patients and surgeons and provided quick, affordable, predictable, and long-lasting improvement of facial wrinkles and lip augmentation. Even in sour economies, patients want to look good and although they may not have money to spend on surgical procedures, injectable treatments remain popular. This article addresses common complications of injectable fillers and Botox.
Niamtu
Joseph
J
Cosmetic Facial Surgery, 11319 Polo Place, Midlothian, VA 23113, USA. niamtu@niamtu.com
D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005145:Face; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007271:Injections, Intradermal / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000145:classification* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D012060:Rejuvenation; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification / Q000379:methods
D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A