title: Community-acquired urinary tract infections in Southern Turkey: etiology and antimicrobial resistance.
abstract: In this study, we compared the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacterial strains isolated from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infections in Southern Turkey, Hatay, during 2004 and 2005. The majority (82.3%) of the isolates were from women while the remaining (17.7%) were from men. Of all samples tested, 49% were culture-positive with a bacterial pathogen. The most frequently isolated bacterial species were Escherichia coli (45.1%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) (15.5%) and Klebsiella spp. (10.9%). E. coli was more prevalent in women (p < 0.05) while Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were found more prevalent in men (p < 0.05). Increasing resistance to gentamicin, amikacin and cefazolin, and decreased resistance to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin and cotrimoxazole were observed in E. coli isolates over the 2 years. While the lowest resistance rates for E. coli occurred in 2004 (26.0%) and 2005 (20.5%) for cefuroxime, the highest resistance rates occurred in 2004 (81.3 and 47.9%) and 2005 (61.3 and 49.6%) for ampicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate, respectively. The results of this study stress that antibiotic usage policies, especially empirical therapies, should be based on antimicrobial resistance surveillance studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, University Faculty of Medicine, Hatay, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ucar
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Guven
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ocak
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents