title: Inhibition of drug metabolizing cytochrome P450s by the aromatase inhibitor drug letrozole and its major oxidative metabolite 4,4'-methanol-bisbenzonitrile in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the inhibitory potency of letrozole and its main human metabolite, 4,4'-methanol-bisbenzonitrile, on the activities of eight cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Letrozole and its metabolite were incubated with human liver microsomes (HLMs) (or expressed CYP isoforms) and NADPH in the absence (control) and presence of the test inhibitor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Letrozole was a potent competitive inhibitor of CYP2A6 (K (i) 4.6 +/- 0.05 microM and 5.0 +/- 2.4 microM in HLMs and CYP2A6, respectively) and a weak inhibitor of CYP2C19 (K (i) 42.2 microM in HLMs and 33.3 microM in CYP2C19), while its metabolite showed moderate inhibition of CYP2C19 and CYP2B6. Letrozole or its metabolite had negligible effect on other CYPs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the in vitro K (i) values, letrozole is predicted to be a weak inhibitor of CYP2A6 in vivo. Letrozole and its major human metabolite show inhibitory activity towards other CYPs, but clinically relevant drug interactions seem less likely as the K (i) values are above the therapeutic plasma concentrations of letrozole.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Seongwook
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Margaret M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Flockhart
authors.forename: Zeruesenay
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Desta
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D000077289:Letrozole; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles; D014230:Triazoles; C543441:4,4'-methanol-bisbenzonitrile; D009249:NADP; D000077289:Letrozole; C014356:benzonitrile