title: Solid-phase microextraction for the determination of volatile compounds in the spoilage of raw ground beef.
abstract: A method using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was developed and applied to the determination of volatile compounds generated in meat, at different times, from ground beef stored under refrigeration. Selection of the extractive fiber, extraction time, and headspace (HS) or direct extraction was optimized for the determination of volatile compounds from ground meat. Various fibers were investigated, and carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane was selected for these analyses. The HS analysis of the solid sample by HS-SPME produced a higher volatile signal than did direct-SPME. The meat samples were stored under refrigeration and analyzed after 0, 3, and 6 days of storage. These analyses at different times showed important changes in the volatile profile of the evaluated samples. The ketones 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2,3-butanedione, and the alcohol 3-methyl-1-butanol were the most representative compounds generated during the meat storage. In general, compounds associated with a butter off-flavor were detected during the storage of raw ground beef.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), Departamento de Investigación Agroalimentaria, Finca El Encin, Aptdo. 127, 28800 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. rosana.perez@madrid.org
authors.forename: Rosa Ana
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Maria Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rojo
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Lorenzo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005519:Food Preservation; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012034:Refrigeration; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction; D014835:Volatilization