title: VEGF-1 expression in colorectal cancer is associated with disease localization, stage, and long-term disease-specific survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiogenesis plays an important role in progression of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Evidence from preclinical and clinical studies indicates that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the predominant angiogenic factor in CRC. Indeed, VEGF is expressed in approximately 50% of CRCs, with minimal to no expression in normal colonic mucosa and adenomas. In this study, the expression of VEGF-1 was examined in stage I-IV CRCs to determine its clinicopathological correlates, and association with the response to treatment and disease outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present series consisted of tissue samples obtained from 360 patients with stage I, II, III, or IV CRC who had undergone large bowel resection during 1981-1990 at Turku University Hospital. Archival paraffin-embedded CRC tissue samples were used to build up tissue microarray (TMA) blocks and VEGF-1 expression was assessed immunohistochemically using an automated staining system. Three different grading systems were applied to evaluate the expression of VEGF-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy percent of patients with stage IV CRC had positive VEGF-1 expression, while 50% and 47%, respectively of patients with stage II and III CRC had positive VEGF-1 expression (p = 0.005). VEGF-1 expression in the left colon and rectum was significantly higher than that in the right colon (61% vs. 45%, respectively) (p = 0.006). Significant statistical correlation (p = 0.04) was found between VEGF-1 and 10-year disease-specific survival: patients who died of the disease more frequently had a VEGF-1-expressing tumour than did those who survived for 10 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantification of VEGF-1 expression seems to provide valuable prognostic information in CRC, particularly in selecting those patients at high risk for disease progression who are likely to benefit from adjuvant therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Riyad
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bendardaf
authors.forename: Abdelbaset
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buhmeida
authors.forename: Marja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hilska
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laato
authors.forename: Stina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Syrjänen
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Syrjänen
authors.forename: Yrjö
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Collan
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pyrhönen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A