title: Prediction of pediatric death in the year after hospitalization: a population-level retrospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study of how the quality of pediatric end-of-life care varies across systems of health care delivery and financing is hampered by lack of methods to adjust for the probability of death in populations of ill children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a prognostication models using administratively available data to predict the probability of in-hospital and 1-year postdischarge death.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study of 0-21 year old patients admitted to Pennsylvania hospitals from 1994-2001 and followed for 1-year postdischarge mortality, assessing logistic regression models ability to predict in-hospital and 1-year postdischarge deaths.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 678,365 subjects there were 2,202 deaths that occurred during the hospitalization (0.32% of cohort) and 860 deaths that occurred 365 days or less after hospital discharge (0.13% of cohort). The model predicting hospitalization deaths exhibited a C statistic of 0.91, with sensitivity of 65.9% and specificity of 92.9% at the 99th percentile cutpoint; while the model predicting 1-year postdischarge deaths exhibited a C statistic of 0.92, with sensitivity of 56.1% and specificity of 98.4% at the 99th percentile cutpoint.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Population-level mortality prognostication of hospitalized children using administratively available data is feasible, assisting the comparison of health care services delivered to children with the highest probability of dying during and after a hospital admission.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Advanced Care Team, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. feudtner@email.chop.edu
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feudtner
authors.forename: Kari R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hexem
authors.forename: Mayadah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shabbout
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Feinstein
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sochalski
authors.forename: Jeffery H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Silber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009026:Mortality; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010372:Pediatrics; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult