title: Accurate identification of orthologous segments among multiple genomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The accurate detection of orthologous segments (also referred to as syntenic segments) plays a key role in comparative genomics, as it is useful for inferring genome rearrangement scenarios and computing whole-genome alignments. Although a number of algorithms for detecting orthologous segments have been proposed, none of them contain a framework for optimizing their parameter values.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, we propose an algorithm, named OSfinder (Orthologous Segment finder), which uses a novel scoring scheme based on stochastic models. OSfinder takes as input the positions of short homologous regions (also referred to as anchors) and explicitly discriminates orthologous anchors from non-orthologous anchors by using Markov chain models which represent respective geometric distributions of lengths of orthologous and non-orthologous anchors. Such stochastic modeling makes it possible to optimize parameter values by maximizing the likelihood of the input dataset, and to automate the setting of the optimal parameter values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We validated the accuracies of orthology-mapping algorithms on the basis of their consistency with the orthology annotation of genes. Our evaluation tests using mammalian and bacterial genomes demonstrated that OSfinder shows higher accuracy than previous algorithms.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The OSfinder software was implemented as a C++ program. The software is freely available at http://osfinder.dna.bio.keio.ac.jp under the GNU General Public License.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Keio University, Seikei University, Japan. hacchy@dna.bio.keio.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hachiya
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osana
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Popendorf
authors.forename: Yasubumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D016678:Genome; D023281:Genomics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012984:Software; D026801:Synteny