title: Outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer with special reference to validation for curability criteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a novel, promising endoscopic technique for gastrointestinal neoplasms. We aimed to elucidate the feasibility of ESD as curative treatment for intestinal-type early gastric cancer (EGC) potentially without lymph-node metastases.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the short-term analysis, 276 consecutive, intestinal-type EGCs, which fulfilled the criteria for node-negative EGC in 231 patients who had undergone ESD from January 2000 to March 2007, were retrospectively investigated. For the long-term analysis, 212 lesions checked by endoscopy later than 1 year or recurrence within 1 year after ESD were assessed for local recurrence, and 208 patients followed for over 1 year or to death within 1 year after ESD were assessed for metastases and survival. All lesions/patients were divided into three groups: intramucosal cancer without ulcerative findings (M-Ul[-]); intramucosal cancer with ulcerative findings, < or = 3 cm (M-Ul[+]); and slight invasive cancer into submucosa (< 500 microm), < or = 3 cm (SM1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  En bloc and complete resection rates were 96.7 % and 91.7 %, respectively. During a median follow-up of 36 months (range 2 - 93 months), two local recurrences occurred (0.9 %), which were detected at 2 and 6 months after ESD, respectively. During a median follow-up of 38 months (range 6 - 97 months), the 5-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 96.2 % and 100 %, respectively, with neither lymph node nor other-organ metastasis; one patient died due to other disease 6 months after ESD. No disease-related death occurred. No significant differences were found between the groups in short- and long-term analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prognostic analyses demonstrated the validity of the criteria of node-negative intestinal-type EGC as curability criteria for ESD. ESD can be proposed as an alternative method to gastrectomy for the treatment of these EGCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujishiro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kodashima
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omata
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004210:Dissection; D004724:Endoscopy; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome