Evidence of aerosolised floating blood mist during oral surgery.
Dental surgery performed with high speed instruments, such as a dental turbine, air motor, or micro-engine handpiece, produces a large amount of splattering and particles, which can be contaminated by micro-organisms from the oral cavity. It has been speculated that such particulate mists contain blood-based elements. In the present study, we investigated whether blood-contaminated aerosol was present in a room where oral surgery was performed with high speed instruments. An extra-oral evacuator system was used for sample collection (N=132). For the experiment, a non-woven towel was set on the nozzle of the evacuator as a filter and invisible mist was collected at distances of 20, 60 and 100 cm from the surgical site. A leucomalachite green presumptive test was performed with each filter after every tooth extraction. At locations 20 and 100 cm from the surgical site, 76% and 57%, respectively, of the particulates were positive in blood presumptive tests. Based on our results, we consider that blood-contaminated materials have the potential to be suspended in air as blood-contaminated aerosol. These results indicate the risk of cross-infection at the dental practice for immunocompromised patients as well as healthy personnel.
Ishihama
K
K
First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan. kohji_ishi@hotmail.com
Koizumi
H
H
Wada
T
T
Iida
S
S
Tanaka
S
S
Yamanishi
T
T
Enomoto
A
A
Kogo
M
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D000368:Aged; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D001769:Blood; D002648:Child; D003754:Dental High-Speed Equipment / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013515:Surgery, Oral; D055815:Young Adult
D000336:Aerosols