title: Salmochelin, the long-overlooked catecholate siderophore of Salmonella.
abstract: Salmochelin is a C-glucosylated enterobactin produced by Salmonella species, uropathogenic and avian pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, and certain Klebsiella strains. It was the first glucosylated siderophore described. The glucosylation has been interpreted as a bacterial evasion mechanism against the mammalian catecholate siderophore-binding protein siderocalin (NGAL-lipocalin). The synthesis, excretion, and uptake of salmochelin requires five genes, iroBCDEN, and also the enterobactin biosynthesis and utilization system. Some salmochelin-producing strains also secrete microcins, which possess a C-terminal, linear glucosyl-enterobactin moiety. These microcins recognize the catecholate siderophore receptors IroN, Cir, Fiu, and FepA, and may inhibit the growth of competitors for catecholate siderophores.
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie - Organismische Interaktionen, Universität Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Silke I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valdebenito
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hantke
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D004758:Enterobactin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D012475:Salmonella / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017262:Siderophores / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017262:Siderophores; D004758:Enterobactin; D007501:Iron