title: A 12-month evaluation of nitrite oxide metabolism around immediate and conventionally loaded dental implants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During bone remodeling, alignment of bone is affected by loading direction. Considerable amount of data also suggest nitric oxide (NO) to be involved in bone metabolism. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential changes in NO metabolism in relation to the loading style of dental implants by analyzing the nitrite content of peri-implant sulcus fluid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dental implants were placed in 12 patients who had first molar loss bilaterally in the mandibular area. One site of the patient determined as immediately loaded and the other side were conventionally loaded. Clinical parameters were recorded and peri-implant sulcus fluid samples were obtained. Peri-implant sulcus fluid nitrite levels were spectrophoto-metrically determined. Clinical measurements and nitrite analysis were repeated at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups, there was a reduction between baseline and 12 months in all clinical parameters, except probing depth. Although, steady decrease was noticed in total nitrite levels during the whole experimental period in immediately loaded implants, more fluctuations were observed in conventionally loaded ones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this 12-month follow-up study support the association of NO in the bone metabolism around dental implants and further suggest the impact of different loading regimens on NO metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. guliz@hacettepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: Güliz N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Güncü
authors.forename: Tolga F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Tözüm
authors.forename: M Bariş
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Güncü
authors.forename: Nermin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamalik
authors.forename: Celal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tümer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D003442:Crowns; D000044:Dental Abutments; D015921:Dental Implants; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000032:analysis*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D009573:Nitrites; D009569:Nitric Oxide