title: Numerical modeling of emulsified oil distribution in heterogeneous aquifers.
abstract: In situ anaerobic bioremediation using edible oil emulsions will be most effective if the oil droplets can be brought into close contact with the contaminant to be treated. However, uniformly distributing oil in heterogeneous aquifers can be difficult. The impact of injection conditions on emulsion distribution in a three-dimensional heterogeneous aquifer is examined using MODFLOW and RT3D. Emulsion retention is simulated using a rate-limited Langmuir isotherm. Volume and flow contact efficiency are shown to be functions of mass of oil injected, injection fluid volume, well spacing, and injection sequence. Regression equations are developed relating dimensionless scaling factors to expected contact efficiency for area treatment and barriers. Cleanup time for uncontacted zones is estimated using a mobile-immobile zone modeling approach.
authors.affiliation: North Carolina State University, Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Campus Box 7908, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Borden
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004655:Emulsions / Q000032:analysis*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009821:Oils / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D009821:Oils