title: Dynamic reorganization of striatal circuits during the acquisition and consolidation of a skill.
abstract: The learning of new skills is characterized by an initial phase of rapid improvement in performance and a phase of more gradual improvements as skills are automatized and performance asymptotes. Using in vivo striatal recordings, we observed region-specific changes in neural activity during the different phases of skill learning, with the associative or dorsomedial striatum being preferentially engaged early in training and the sensorimotor or dorsolateral striatum being engaged later in training. Ex vivo recordings from medium spiny striatal neurons in brain slices of trained mice revealed that the changes observed in vivo corresponded to regional- and training-specific changes in excitatory synaptic transmission in the striatum. Furthermore, the potentiation of glutamatergic transmission observed in dorsolateral striatum after extensive training was preferentially expressed in striatopallidal neurons, rather than striatonigral neurons. These findings demonstrate that region- and pathway-specific plasticity sculpts the circuits involved in the performance of the skill as it becomes automatized.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, US National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, MSC 9411, Bethesda, Maryland 20852-9411, USA.
authors.forename: Henry H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Shweta Prasad
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Mulcare
authors.forename: Monica R F
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hilário
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Clouse
authors.forename: Terrell
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Holloway
authors.forename: Margaret I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Anita C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hansson
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lovinger
authors.forename: Rui M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000502:physiology*; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology