title: Adult malnutrition screening, prevalence and management in a United Kingdom hospital: cross-sectional study.
abstract: The objectives of the present cross-sectional study were to assess the screening, prevalence and management of malnutrition and identify any co-existence with obesity in adult hospital in-patients. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) was applied to all medical, surgical, orthopaedic and critical care in-patients in an acute hospital in North-East England on a single day in 2007. An audit was also performed of malnutrition screening using a locally developed tool. Patients were excluded from study if they had been an in-patient less than 24 h or if discharged on the day of study. Of 328 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 100% had full data collection (143 males, 185 females, median length of stay 8 d (range 1-90 d), median age 76 years (range 17-101 years)). Only 226 patients (68.9%) had been screened for malnutrition and thirty-one (13.7%) were at highest malnutrition risk, of which only 45.2% were appropriately referred to nutrition and dietetic services. The prevalence of malnutrition (MUST > or = 1) was 44%. The prevalence of highest risk (MUST > or = 2) increased with age (20.6% < 60 years, 29.7% 60-79 years and 39.4% > or = 80 years). In total 37.8% (n 70) of female patients had a MUST score of > or = 2 compared with 24.5% (n 35) of males. Obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) was identified in 9.5% of those with a MUST score > or = 2. We have shown that malnutrition is a common problem affecting over 40% of patients in this hospital-wide study. Currently malnutrition is often unrecognised and undertreated in clinical practice. Hospitals must develop comprehensive strategies to both identify and treat in-patients with this common condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, North Tyneside General Hospital, Rake Lane, North Shields, Tyne and Wear NE29 8NH, UK. christopherlamb@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parr
authors.forename: Elizabeth I M
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Warren
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006769:Hospitals, General; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D006113:United Kingdom; D055815:Young Adult