title: The spike protein of SARS-CoV--a target for vaccine and therapeutic development.
abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerging infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The SARS-CoV spike (S) protein is composed of two subunits; the S1 subunit contains a receptor-binding domain that engages with the host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and the S2 subunit mediates fusion between the viral and host cell membranes. The S protein plays key parts in the induction of neutralizing-antibody and T-cell responses, as well as protective immunity, during infection with SARS-CoV. In this Review, we highlight recent advances in the development of vaccines and therapeutics based on the S protein.
authors.affiliation: Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, 310 East 67th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Lanying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Yuxian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yusen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shuwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bo-Jian
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Shibo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy*; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C578557:spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV; C578553:spike protein, mouse hepatitis virus; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C000705307:ACE2 protein, human; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2