title: Obesity and sugar-sweetened beverages in African-American preschool children: a longitudinal study.
abstract: A representative sample of 365 low-income African-American preschool children aged 3-5 years was studied to determine the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (soda, fruit drinks, and both combined) and overweight and obesity. Children were examined at a dental clinic in 2002-2003 and again after 2 years. Dietary information was collected using the Block Kids Food Frequency Questionnaire. A BMI score was computed from recorded height and weight. Overweight and obesity were defined by national reference age-sex specific BMI: those with an age-sex specific BMI>or=85th, but <95th percentile as overweight and those with BMI>or=95th age-sex specific percentile as obese. The prevalence of overweight was 12.9% in baseline, and increased to 18.7% after 2 years. The prevalence of obesity increased from 10.3 to 20.4% during the same period. Baseline intake of soda and all sugar-sweetened beverages were positively associated with baseline BMI z-scores. After adjusting for covariates, additional intake of fruit drinks and all sugar-sweetened beverages at baseline showed significantly higher odds of incidence of overweight over 2 years. Among a longitudinal cohort of African-American preschool children, high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages was significantly associated with an increased risk for obesity.
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Epidemiology Services, Division of Epidemiology, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, New York, USA. slim1@health.nyc.gov
authors.forename: Sungwoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Jamie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zoellner
authors.forename: Joyce M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Burt
authors.forename: Anita M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sandretto
authors.forename: Woosung
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Amid I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lepkowski
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001628:Beverages; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D050177:Overweight / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose