title: Morphofunctional study of 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate (TPA)-induced differentiation of U937 cells under exposure to a 6 mT static magnetic field.
abstract: This study deals with the morphofunctional influence of 72 h exposure to a 6 mT static magnetic field (SMF) during differentiation induced by 50 ng/ml 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate (TPA) in human leukaemia U937 cells. The cell morphology of U937 cells was investigated by optic and electron microscopy. Specific antibodies and/or molecules were used to label CD11c, CD14, phosphatidylserine, F-actin and to investigate the distribution and activity of lysosomes, mitochondria and SER. [Ca(2+)](i) was evaluated with a spectrophotometer. The degree of differentiation in SMF-exposed cells was lower than that of non-exposed cells, the difference being exposure time-dependent. SMF-exposed cells showed cell shape and F-actin modification, inhibition of cell attachment, appearance of membrane roughness and large blebs and impaired expression of specific macrophagic markers on the cell surface. The intracellular localization of SER and lysosomes was only partially affected by exposure. A significant localization of mitochondria with an intact membrane potential at the cell periphery in non-exposed, TPA-stimulated cells was observed; conversely, in the presence of SMF, mitochondria were mainly localised near the nucleus. In no case did SMF exposure affect cell viability. The sharp intracellular increase of [Ca(2+)](i) could be one of the causes of the above-described changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (Disteba), University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce, Italy. luciana.dini@unile.it
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dini
authors.forename: Majdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dwikat
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Panzarini
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vergallo
authors.forename: Bernadetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tenuzzo
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D048430:Cell Shape; D018871:Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008280:Magnetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002118:Calcium