title: Differential cell surface properties of vegetative Bacillus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The genus Bacillus encompasses a wide range of species which display varying pathogenic abilities. The hydrophobicity of a range of Bacillus species was determined to evaluate the correlation between bacterial hydrophobicity and pathogenicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbon assays were used to determine the hydrophobicity of various Bacillus species. Significant differences in the hydrophobicity of vegetative Bacilli were found. Specifically, vegetative Bacillus anthracis or Bacillus thuringiensis cells were highly hydrophobic whereas Bacillus cereus or Bacillus subtilis were only slightly hydrophobic using this test. Cell adhesion assays using A549 or J774 cells were used to demonstrate a correlation between the bacterial hydrophobicity profiles with the ability to adhere to the mammalian cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ability of Bacillus species to adhere to mammalian cell lines correlates with the hydrophobicity of the bacteria and also correlates with the relative pathogenicity of some of the Bacillus species tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work suggests that study of the physical-chemical properties of vegetative cells could inform future approaches for the rapid identification and discrimination of potentially pathogenic Bacilli.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Thwaite
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Laws
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Atkins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000145:classification* / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons