title: Stem-cell transplantation into the frontal motor cortex in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the selective death of motor neurons. CD133(+) stem cells are known to have the capacity to differentiate into neural lineages. Stem cells may provide an alternative treatment for ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five men and five women (aged 38-62 years) with confirmed ALS were included in this study. Our institutional ethics and research committees approved the protocol. After informed consent was obtained, patients underwent Hidrogen-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (H-MRI) spectroscopy and were given scores according to an ALS functional rating scale, Medical Research Council power muscle scale and daily living activities. Bone marrow was stimulated with 300 microg filgrastim subcutaneously daily for 3 days. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained after admission by leukapheresis. The cell suspension was conjugated with anti-human CD133 superparamagnetic microbeads, and linked cells were isolated in a magnetic field. The isolated cells (2.5-7.5x10(5)) were resuspended in 300 microL of the patient's cerebrospinal fluid, and implanted in motor cortexes using a Hamilton syringe. Ten patients with confirmed ALS without transplantation were used as a control group. Patients were followed up for a period of 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The autologous transplantation of CD133(+) stem cells into the frontal motor cortex is a safe and well-tolerated procedure in ALS patients. The survival of treated patients was statistically higher (P=0.01) than untreated control patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stem-cell transplantation in the motor cortex delays ALS progression and improves quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurologia, Hospital Universitario UANL, Monterrey, Mexico. drhectormtz@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hector R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Garza
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Moreno-Cuevas
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gutierrez-Jimenez
authors.forename: Jose J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Segura
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000328:Adult; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D000069585:Filgrastim; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000601:surgery*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D006023:Glycoproteins; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000069585:Filgrastim