title: High worry severity is associated with poorer acute and maintenance efficacy of antidepressants in late-life depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Co-morbid anxiety symptoms are common in late-life depression (LLD) and predict poorer treatment outcomes. No research has delineated the impact of different dimensions of anxiety (such as worry/anxious apprehension and panic/anxious arousal) on treatment response in LLD. We explored the impact of the dimensions of worry and panic on acute and maintenance treatment outcomes in LLD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured anxiety symptoms in 170 LLD subjects receiving protocolized treatment. Exploratory principal component analysis was used to delineate dimensions of anxiety symptoms. We defined sub-groups based on factor scores. We used survival analysis to test the association of pretreatment anxiety dimensions with time to response and time to recurrence of LLD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The principal component analysis found two factors: "worry" and "panic." Three sub-groups were defined: low panic-low worry, low panic-high worry, and high panic-high worry. The low panic-high worry and high panic-high worry sub-groups had longer time to response than the low panic-low worry sub-group. Time to recurrence was longer in low panic-low worry subjects randomized to drug. Among subjects with high worry, there was no difference between those with low versus high panic regarding both time to response and time to recurrence of LLD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High levels of worry were associated with longer time to response and earlier recurrence with pharmacotherapy for LLD. There was no additional effect of panic symptoms on treatment outcomes when accounting for the effects of excessive worry. These results suggest that worry symptoms should be a focus of strategies to improve acute and maintenance treatment response in LLD.
authors.affiliation: The Advanced Center in Interventions and Services Research for Late-Life Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. AndreescuC@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andreescu
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lenze
authors.forename: Benoit H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Mulsant
authors.forename: Julie Loebach
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wetherell
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Begley
authors.forename: Sati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazumdar
authors.forename: Charles F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Reynolds
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D017374:Paroxetine; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors