title: Nanometal-decorated exfoliated graphite nanoplatelet based glucose biosensors with high sensitivity and fast response.
abstract: We report the novel fabrication of a highly sensitive, selective, fast responding, and affordable amperometric glucose biosensor using exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnPs) decorated with Pt and Pd nanoparticles. Nafion was used to solubilize metal-decorated graphite nanoplatelets, and a simple cast method with high content organic solvent (85 wt %) was used to prepare the biosensors. The addition of precious metal nanoparticles such as platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd) to xGnP increased the electroactive area of the electrode and substantially decreased the overpotential in the detection of hydrogen peroxide. The Pt-xGnP glucose biosensor had a sensitivity of 61.5+/-0.6 microA/(mM x cm(2)) and gave a linear response up to 20 mM. The response time and detection limit (S/N=3) were determined to be 2 s and 1 microM, respectively. Therefore, this novel glucose biosensor based on the Pt nanoparticle coated xGnP is among the best reported to date in both sensing performance and production cost. In addition, the effects of metal nanoparticle loading and the particle size on the biosensor performance were systematically investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, USA.
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Inhwan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Lawrence T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Drzal
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Worden
authors.forename: Ilsoon
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D010984:Platinum / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010984:Platinum; D010165:Palladium; D006108:Graphite; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose