title: Polyaluminum chloride-enhanced concentration efficiency of poliovirus and f2 phage from sewage water.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To enhance the recovery of f(2) bacteriophage and poliovirus by an established method based on the adsorption to and elution from positively-charged Al(OH)(3)-treated silica gel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polyaluminum Chloride (PAC) was added to water samples to neutralize the negatively charged materials, which can reduce virus recovery by providing a competing adsorption mode on the media surface. Using this improved process (PAC 30 mg l(-1), pH 6.5, temperature 20 approximately 30 degrees C), the recoveries of Poliovirus I and f(2) from small-volume sewage (100 ml) were 110.76 +/- 36.0% and 92.06 +/- 8.65%, respectively (P < 0.05 vs. traditional methods). Recovery from a 20-L volume of sewage averaged 85.65 +/- 4.43% for f(2) and 88.73 +/- 9.76% for poliovirus, significantly higher than the recoveries in the traditional methods (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PAC could enhance concentration efficiency of poliovirus and f(2) phage from sewage water.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method should significantly improve the recovery of viruses from sewage.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environment and Health, Tianjin, P.R. China.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: X-W
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: J-W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012722:Sewage / Q000821:virology*; D058428:Silica Gel; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D014867:Water; C016213:aluminum oxychloride; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D058428:Silica Gel; D012822:Silicon Dioxide