title: The association of serotonin transporter genotypes and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)-associated sexual side effects: possible relationship to oral contraceptives.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationship between functional variants in the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)-associated sexual dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifteen subjects aged 18-40 years and currently being treated with an SSRI for depression were assessed for clinical variables known to affect sexual well-being. SSRI-associated sexual difficulties were assessed with the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ). Subjects were subsequently genotyped for the SLC6A4 promoter region (5HTTLPR) insertion/deletion variant and a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) in the second intron.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5HTTLPR insertion/deletion variant was associated with sexual dysfunction in this study sample [odds ratio (OR) = 2.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2, 6.4; p = 0.02]. The relationship between promoter genotypes and sexual well-being differed in males and females and was related to whether females were taking an oral contraceptive (OC) medication. Females with the ll genotype were nearly eight times more likely to be categorized as having sexual dysfunction if they were taking OCs, while no relationship was observed in those not taking OCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that a functional variant in the serotonin transporter gene is associated with sexual difficulties in persons taking an SSRI for depression. This relationship may differ by sex and be dependent on OC status in females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. jbishop@uic.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: Vicki L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Ellingrod
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akroush
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moline
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human