title: Evaluation of systemic markers related to anemia of chronic disease in the peripheral blood of smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on clinical parameters and signs anemia of chronic disease in chronic periodontitis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study base consisted of 88 patients with chronic periodontitis including 45 volunteer current smokers with age range of 30-69 (45.5+/-8.5) and 43 volunteer non-smokers with age range of 32-61 years (45.8+/-7.9). The clinical parameters including plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded and several red blood cell parameters were determined from peripheral blood samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In smokers, PI, PD and CAL were significantly higher than non-smokers (P<.05). The number of erythrocytes and the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and iron were lower in smokers compared to non-smokers (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, it is concluded that cigarette smoking may be effective on the signs of anemia of chronic disease in patients with chronic periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Kirikkale University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Kirikkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ebru Olgun
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Erdemir
authors.forename: Rana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nalcaci
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Caglayan