title: The influence of titanium surfaces in cultures of neonatal rat calvarial osteoblast-like cells: an immunohistochemical study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of this present study was to evaluate the behavior of neonatal rat calvarial osteoblast-like cells cultured on different implant surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sandblasted acid-etched (SLA) surfaces of 2 different companies with different alloy properties were used. These were named as SLA-1 and SLA-2. The osteoblasts behavior were analyzed on sand blasted-acid etched (SLA-1) surface (Straumann, Basel, Switzerland), sand blasted-acid etched (SLA-2) surface (Alpha bio, Petach-tikva, Israel), acid-etched surface (Alpha bio), machined surface (Alpha bio). To analyze the effect of titanium surfaces on cell proliferation, cell numbers, and cell viability cells were cultured on titanium discs for 7 days and measurements were held out at 24 hours and on day 7. Cell proliferation rate was assessed by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) immunohistochemical technique. Cell morphologies were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest number of BrdU labeled cells were seen on SLA-1 group at the end of 24 hours. The number of cells was found to be the highest in the acid-etched group on the 7th day, even though there were no significant differences between the groups at the end of 24 hours. Scanning electron microscopy views showed the morphological differences between the groups. Osteoblasts were able to proliferate on all of the tested surfaces, with differences in cell count and DNA synthesis values between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implant surface characteristics may modulate the biological response of osteoblast-like cells depending on the manufacturing techniques and cell culturing procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. buketaybar@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Buket
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aybar
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Emes
authors.forename: Belir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Atalay
authors.forename: Sinasi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanrikulu
authors.forename: A Selhan
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Halim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Işsever
authors.forename: Taşkin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ceyhan
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bilir
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000963:Antimetabolites; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D002452:Cell Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000166:cytology; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D003764:Dental Materials; D015675:Osteocalcin; D004247:DNA; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine