title: Functional cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells.
abstract: Human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells hold great promise for cardiovascular research and therapeutic applications, but the ability of human iPS cells to differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes has not yet been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to characterize the cardiac differentiation potential of human iPS cells generated using OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28 transgenes compared to human embryonic stem (ES) cells. The iPS and ES cells were differentiated using the embryoid body (EB) method. The time course of developing contracting EBs was comparable for the iPS and ES cell lines, although the absolute percentages of contracting EBs differed. RT-PCR analyses of iPS and ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes demonstrated similar cardiac gene expression patterns. The pluripotency genes OCT4 and NANOG were downregulated with cardiac differentiation, but the downregulation was blunted in the iPS cell lines because of residual transgene expression. Proliferation of iPS and ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes based on 5-bromodeoxyuridine labeling was similar, and immunocytochemistry of isolated cardiomyocytes revealed indistinguishable sarcomeric organizations. Electrophysiology studies indicated that iPS cells have a capacity like ES cells for differentiation into nodal-, atrial-, and ventricular-like phenotypes based on action potential characteristics. Both iPS and ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes exhibited responsiveness to beta-adrenergic stimulation manifest by an increase in spontaneous rate and a decrease in action potential duration. We conclude that human iPS cells can differentiate into functional cardiomyocytes, and thus iPS cells are a viable option as an autologous cell source for cardiac repair and a powerful tool for cardiovascular research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI 53792-3248, USA.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gisela F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Soerens
authors.forename: Chad H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Koonce
authors.forename: Junying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Sean P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Palecek
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kamp
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012518:Sarcomeres / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014161:Transduction, Genetic
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C000715187:Lin28A protein, human; C486780:NANOG protein, human; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; C494173:POU5F1 protein, human; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C527782:SOX2 protein, human; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; D007545:Isoproterenol