title: Investigation of select ergonomic interventions for farm youth. Part 1: shovels.
abstract: There is some evidence that performing farm chores may place youth at risk of musculoskeletal injuries. However, actual investigations of interventions for farm youth have been sparse. The objective of the current study was to investigate two different types of interventions (add-on handles) for shovels, potentially reducing the risk of injury in farm youth. A lumbar motion monitor was used to capture trunk posture and motion while the youth performed a simulated shoveling task--removal of material from an animal stall. Ratings of perceived exertion and comfort of use were also assessed. The results indicate add-on handles decreased sagittal flexion but increased twisting as compared to regular shovels. Perceived ratings were worse for shovels with add-on handles. Overall, there appears to be a trade-off between sagittal and nonsagittal motion and appears to have minimal impact on risk of low back injury. However, further research is necessary to determine the complete ramifications of this trade-off with respect to the biomechanical load within the low back and on other joints.
authors.affiliation: Low Back and Biomechanics and Workplace Stress Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Department of Environmental Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0056, USA.
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kotowski
authors.forename: Kermit G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Waters
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019567:Back Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D004867:Equipment Design; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D006804:Ergonomics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region / Q000293:injuries; D008297:Male; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011187:Posture; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis