title: Effect of pasteurization, high-pressure processing, and retorting on the barrier properties of nylon 6, nylon 6/ethylene vinyl alcohol, and nylon 6/nanocomposites films.
abstract: This study determined the impact of pasteurization, high-pressure processing (HPP), and retorting on the barrier properties of nylon 6 (N6), nylon 6/ethylene vinyl alcohol (N6/EVOH), and nylon 6/nanocomposite (N6/nano) materials. The pasteurized and high-pressure treated films were coextruded with low-density polyethylene (PE) as the heat-sealing layer. The retorted films were coextruded with polypropylene (PP). Oxygen transmission rate (OTR) and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of the samples were measured after pasteurization (75 degrees C for 30 min), HPP (800 MPa for 10 min at 70 degrees C), and retorting (121 degrees C for 30 min) treatments. These were compared with the thermal characteristics and morphologies of the samples using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Results showed that OTR of N6 and N6/Nano increased after HPP (16.9% and 39.7%), pasteurization (13.3% and 75.9%), and retorting (63.3% and 112.6%), respectively. For N6/EVOH, a decrease in OTR after HPP (53.9%) and pasteurization (44.5%) was observed. The HPP treatment increased the WVTR of N6 (21.0%), N6/EVOH (48.9%), and N6/Nano (21.2%). The WVTR of N6, N6/EVOH, and N6/Nano increased by 96.7%, 43.8%, and 40.7%, respectively, after pasteurization. The DSC analyses showed that the enthalpy and percent crystallinity increased (2.3% to 6.5%) in the N6/Nano when compared with the N6 material after each treatment. Retorting caused a decrease (3.5%) in the percent crystallinity of the polypropylene material. HPP did not cause major morphological changes to the samples. Results of the barrier studies were influenced by the crystallinity changes in the materials as seen in the XRD diffractograms.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Ohio State Univ., Columbus, 43210, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Halim
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pascall
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Finnigan
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002209:Caprolactam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000737:chemistry; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods*; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D011312:Pressure; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D005030:Ethylenes; D011108:Polymers; D011145:Polyvinyls; C009916:nylon 6; C020320:ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer; D002209:Caprolactam; C036216:ethylene