title: Effects of carbon disulfide on the expression and activity of nitric oxide synthase in rat hippocampus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carbon disulfide (CS(2)) is a commonly used organic solvent. Many epidemiological investigations and animal experiments have indicated that learning and memory ability can be affected to different degrees after long-term exposure to CS(2), but the mechanisms are still unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the possible mechanisms of CS(2)-related impairment of the learning and memory ability of rats, by investigating the effects of CS(2) on nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and NOS mRNA expression in rat hippocampus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat models of toxicity were generated by inhalation of various doses of CS(2). After two months of inhaling intoxication, the activities of constitutive NOS (cNOS) and induced NOS (iNOS) in the hippocampus were measured. The levels of neuronal NOS (nNOS) mRNA and iNOS mRNA were measured by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  cNOS activity was significantly decreased compared with controls, while iNOS activity was changed only slightly. CS(2) treatment significantly decreased nNOS mRNA levels. iNOS mRNA levels were significantly increased only at higher doses of CS(2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of CS2 on learning and memory ability in rats is related to the activity of NOS and the expression of nNOS in the hippocampus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Rong-hua
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xin-yue
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Guo-yuan
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002246:Carbon Disulfide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013053:Spectrophotometry
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D002246:Carbon Disulfide