title: Five cases of paralytic strabismus as a rare feature of lyme disease.
abstract: Lyme borreliosis is the most common human tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. The prevalence of Lyme borreliosis is estimated to be 20-100 cases per 100,000 persons in the United States and 100-155 cases per 100,000 persons in Europe [ 1 , 2 ]. It is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato [ 2 , 3 ]. The course of clinical manifestations is thought to occur in 3 stages: early, disseminated, and chronic [ 2 , 4 ]. Lyme borreliosis can cause a variety of ocular manifestations, and the frequency of these manifestations among cases of Lyme disease involving systemic manifestations is approximately 1% [ 5 ].
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ophthalmology, Pole Specialty Medecine Ophthalmology Hygiene, Hopitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France. arnaud.sauer@gmail.com
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hansmann
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jaulhac
authors.forename: Tristan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bourcier
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Speeg-Schatz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015748:Borrelia burgdorferi Group / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013285:Strabismus / Q000209:etiology*