Factors influencing effects of specific COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs on growth and differentiation of mouse osteoblasts on titanium surfaces.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the influence of exposure time and stages of cell growth on the effects of specific COX-2 inhibitor NSAIDs on growth and differentiation of osteoblasts on smooth titanium surfaces.


METHODS
The study was categorized into 5 groups: group A, 0.1 microM indomethacin; group B, 1.5 microM celecoxib; group C, 3.0 microM celecoxib; group D, 9.0 microM celecoxib; and group E, serum-free culture medium without drug treatment. A mouse calvarial cell line, MC3T3-E1, was seeded on acid-prickled surface titanium disks. The investigations were performed in 3 experimental phases based on stages of cell growth: static (24 hours after seeding), log (culture day 5), and plateau (culture day 12). In each experimental phase, cells on titanium disks were incubated in a medium treated with drugs according to the groups of study for 1, 3, and 5 days.


RESULTS
Indomethacin and celecoxib in groups A to D inhibited growth of cells on treatment days 3 and 5 in static phase and on treatment day 3 in log phase. Additionally, an inhibitory effect of indomethacin was greater than celecoxib. Effects on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin were not clearly demonstrated. A significant decrease of PGE2 production was found in groups A to D in static and plateau but not log phases.


CONCLUSIONS
A specific COX-2 inhibitor NSAID, celecoxib, inhibited growth of osteoblasts on titanium surfaces and the effects were influenced by exposure time and stages of cell growth. Using a specific COX-2 inhibitor might cause deterioration of osteointegration of dental implants by interfering with osteoblastic cell growth in the proliferative stage.
Arpornmaeklong
Premijt
P
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90112 Songkhla, Thailand. pramejid@gmail.com
Akarawatcharangura
Butsakorn
B
Pripatnanont
Prisana
P
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000068579:Celecoxib; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000187:drug effects; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D003764:Dental Materials; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D015675:Osteocalcin; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000068579:Celecoxib; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007213:Indomethacin