title: Inhibition of nitric oxide synthases abrogates pregnancy-induced uterine vascular expansive remodeling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It was the aim of this study to test the hypothesis that hypertension and/or inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthases alters uterine vascular remodeling during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a model of hypertension (NO synthase inhibition with L-NAME) in nonpregnant and pregnant rats, comparisons were made with age-matched controls, as well as with animals receiving hydralazine along with L-NAME to maintain normotension in the presence of NO synthase inhibition. Circumferential and axial remodeling of large (main uterine, MUA) and small (premyometrial radial) arteries were quantified and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  L-NAME treatment prevented expansive circumferential remodeling of the MUA; cotreatment with hydralazine was without effect. Circumferential remodeling of smaller premyometrial radial arteries was also significantly attenuated in hypertensive pregnant animals, while premyometrial radial arteries from rats receiving hydralazine with L-NAME were of intermediate diameter. Neither hypertension nor NO synthase inhibition had any effect on the substantial (200-300%) axial growth of MUA or premyometrial radial arteries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NO plays a major role in facilitating pregnancy-induced expansive remodeling in the uterine circulation, particularly in larger arteries. Some beneficial effects of hydralazine on expansive circumferential remodeling were noted in smaller radial vessels, and these may be linked to its prevention of systemic hypertension and/or to local effects on the arterial wall. Neither NO synthase inhibition nor hypertension had any effect on arterial longitudinal growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. 05405, USA. George.Osol@uvm.edu
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Osol
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barron
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gokina
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006830:Hydralazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009215:Myometrium / Q000098:blood supply*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D006830:Hydralazine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester