title: Fin swimming improves respiratory gas exchange.
abstract: Data in the literature suggest that compared to dry-land exercise fin swimming might delay the activation of the anaerobic metabolism. To verify this hypothesis, we explored indirect indices such as the oxygen pulse (VO(2)/HR), carbon dioxide production (VCO(2)), and ventilatory threshold, comparing fin swimming exercise to dry-land cycling. Thirteen participants, experienced or inexperienced in fin swimming, completed an incremental fin swimming exercise and a maximal exercise on a cycloergometer with breath-by-breath measurements of heart rate (HR), ventilation (VE), tidal volume (VT), VO(2), VCO(2), and VO(2)/HR and determination of the ventilatory threshold and maximal oxygen uptake (VO(2)max). Compared to dry-land cycling exercise, fin swimming resulted in elevated or absent ventilatory threshold. Although VO(2)max did not differ in either condition, in fin swimming the maximal HR value was lower (-18%, p=0.0072), maximal VO(2)/HR higher (+20%, p=0.0325), and maximal VCO(2) lower (-17%, p=0.0071). We also measured significant reduction of VE, VT, and HR variations for the same VO(2) increase. This study suggests that the anaerobic muscle metabolism might be delayed in fin swimming. An attenuated chemoreflex drive to the heart and respiratory centres exerted by muscle metabolites might explain the depressed cardiopulmonary response to fin swimming.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, UMR MD2 P2COE, Marseille, France. yves.jammes@univmed.fr
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jammes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coulange
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delliaux
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jammes
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gole
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boussuges
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brerro-Saby
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marqueste
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adjriou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen