title: Ozonation of reactive dye, Procion red MX-5B catalyzed by metal ions.
abstract: Ozonation of aqueous solution of Procion red MX-5B, a commercial azo reactive dye was investigated. The effect of various experimental variables on decolorization and degradation of the dye has been studied. Color removal was faster than organic removal. Dye mineralization was evident by the generation of sulphate, chloride, nitrate, oxalic and acetic acid during ozonation. The decolorization and organic removal followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. Among the metal ions studied, manganese catalyzed ozonation showed better decolorization and organic removal. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results indicated the disappearance of bands for aromatics and appearance of bands due to carboxylic acids in the ozonated samples. Acetyl benzoic acid, diethyl phthalate and phthalic anhydride were identified as intermediates by gas chromatography mass spectra (GC/MS). Based on these findings a tentative pathway for the degradation MX-5B was postulated.
authors.affiliation: National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) Complex, Taramani, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pachhade
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sandhya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
mesh_terms: D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D003116:Color; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / Q000737:chemistry; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; C466318:Procion Red MX-5B; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010126:Ozone