title: Toll-like receptor 3 is necessary for dsRNA adjuvant effects.
abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLR) recognize pathogen associated molecular patterns, and the binding of their specific ligands triggers a proinflammatory response that helps to fight invading microorganisms, and can be harnessed to increase vaccine efficiency. The present study demonstrates that double-stranded RNA is a promising vaccine adjuvant able to increase both proliferation and activation of antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells. Importantly, TLR3 is required for this adjuvant effect, as TLR3 deficient recipients failed to enhance proliferation of adoptively transferred TCR transgenic CD8(+) T cells in the presence of double-stranded RNA. Finally, this study also shows that, in contrast to previous reports in humans, TLR3 does not exert direct costimulatory activity on CD8(+) T cells in mice.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical OncoImmunology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University Hospital (CHUV, Lausanne) and Epalinges, Switzerland. bruno.salaun@isrec.unil.ch
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salaun
authors.forename: Maude
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Greutert
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000327:Adsorption; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D001831:Body Temperature; D004247:DNA / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology; D045604:Extracellular Fluid / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D051379:Mice; D012756:Sheep / Q000276:immunology; D013816:Thermodynamics; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3 / Q000502:physiology*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D014612:Vaccines; C518318:abagovomab; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D004247:DNA