title: Use of statins for the treatment of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: results of a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents the most fatal kind of stroke, and there is still no treatment available that improves the outcome. Statins are cholesterol reducers, and during the last few years many additional effects have been demonstrated that might be neuroprotective. We designed a pilot clinical study in order to evaluate whether the administration of statins is associated with a better outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  From August to December 2006 we carried out a prospective/retrospective non-randomized clinical study. The prospective group was treated with rosuvastatin (20 mg) and the retrospective control group was taken from our clinical records with a relation of 1:3. We included patients of both sexes, aged > or =15 years with proven ICH in CT-scan. Exclusion criteria were a history of neoplasm, head injury four weeks before admission, non-hypertensive reasons, brainstem hemorrhage, steroid administration, cranial surgery, initial hydrocephalus, and NIHSS > or =30.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed 18 patients treated with rosuvastatin and 57 controls with similar basic characteristics. The mortality rate during hospitalization was 1 (5.6%) patient in the statin group and 9 (15.8%) in the control group; the hazard ratio adjusted by the initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), intubation, admission in intensive care unit, disruption into the subarachnoid space was 0.20 (95% CI 0.02-1.67). The odds ratio for NIHSS > or =15 at release was 0.04 (95% CI 0.003-0.93).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of statins during the acute phase of ICH could be associated with a better outcome. Further clinical trials are necessary to confirm a possible therapeutic effect and evaluate the toxicity of statins.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí., San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tapia-Perez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Aguilar
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Torres-Corzo
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Leyva
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Aguirre
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gordillo-Moscoso
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chalita-Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D018401:Sample Size; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium