title: Comparison of viral and nonviral vectors for gene transfer to human endothelial progenitor cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The ability of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to home to sites of neoangiogenesis makes them attractive candidates for use in the field of gene therapy. The efficacy of this approach depends on the efficiency of the vector used for transgene delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we have compared the efficiency of adenovirus, five serotypes of AAV2, VSVG-pseudotyped lentivirus, and nonviral plasmid/liposome DNA vectors to deliver the green fluorescence protein reporter gene to human early EPCs to determine efficacy and vector-related cell toxicity. Adenovirus proved most effective with efficiencies of up to 80% with low levels of cell death. Lower levels of expression were seen with other vectors. Electroporation proved unsuitable at the parameters tested. We have also identified at least two distinct subpopulations that exist in the heterogeneous parent EPC culture, one of which is amenable to transduction with adenovirus and one that is not. In addition, adenoviral transduction did not disrupt the ability of the cells to incorporate into endothelial structures in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have found adenovirus to be the most efficient of the vector systems tested for gene delivery to EPCs, an effect that is mediated almost entirely by one of two identified subpopulations.
authors.affiliation: Regenerative Medicine Institute, National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science & Department of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Republic of Ireland.
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kealy
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liew
authors.forename: Jill M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: Aideen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: O'Doherty
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoare
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Greiser
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maenz
authors.forename: Ciara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Shea
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D018274:Electroporation; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008081:Liposomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007797:Laminin; D008081:Liposomes; D011509:Proteoglycans; C059485:matrigel; D003094:Collagen; D004247:DNA