title: In vivo quantification of intracerebral GABA by single-voxel (1)H-MRS-How reproducible are the results?
abstract: Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the human brain. It plays a decisive role in a variety of nervous system disorders, such as anxiety disorders, epilepsy, schizophrenia, insomnia, and many others. The reproducibility of GABA quantification results obtained with a single-voxel spectroscopy J-difference editing sequence with Point Resolved Spectroscopy localization (MEGA-PRESS) was determined on a 3.0 Tesla MR scanner in healthy adults. Eleven volunteers were measured in long- and short-term intervals. Intra- and inter-subject reproducibility were evaluated. Internal referencing of GABA+ to total creatine (tCr) and water (H(2)O), as well as two different post-processing methods for the evaluation (signal integration and time-domain fitting) were compared. In all subjects lower coefficient of variation and therefore higher reproducibility can be observed for fitting compared to integration. The GABA+/tCr ratio performs better than the GABA+/H(2)O ratio or GABA+ without internal referencing for both fitting and integration (GABA+/tCr: 13.3% and 17.0%; GABA+/H(2)O: 15.0% and 17.8%; GABA+: 19.2% and 21.7%). Four-day measurements on three subjects showed higher intra- than inter-subject reproducibility (GABA+/tCr approximately 10-12%). With a coefficient of variation of about 13% for inter-subject and 10-12% for intra-subject variability of GABA+/tCr, this technique seems to be a precise tool that can detect GABA confidently. The results of this study show the reproducibility limitations of GABA quantification in vivo, which are necessary for further clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: MR Centre of Excellence, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel, Vienna, Austria. wolfgang@nmr.at
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bogner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doelken
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stadlbauer
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ganslandt
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Boettcher
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trattnig
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doerfler
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stefan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hammen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine