title: The alpha-glucosidase inhibitor miglitol decreases glucose fluctuations and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by hyperglycemia in peripheral leukocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postprandial hyperglycemia is thought to cause inflammation in many tissues. In this study, we examined whether the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines/cytokine-like factors in peripheral leukocytes are altered by feeding streptozotocin-treated rats a diet containing an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, miglitol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Upregulated gene expression in peripheral leukocytes of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats was determined by microarray analysis. We examined whether gene expression was altered by supplementing the diet with miglitol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microarray analysis revealed that gene expression of interleukin-1beta and putative inflammatory cytokines, S100a4/6/8/9, was induced by streptozotocin treatment. Dietary supplementation with miglitol to the streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats for 20 d not only increased plasma concentrations of a marker for glucose fluctuations, 1,5-anhydroglucitol, the concentration of which is decreased by sustained or postprandial elevated blood glucose levels, but also suppressed the induction of interleukin-1beta and S100a4/6/8/9 genes by hyperglycemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that miglitol inhibits the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines/cytokine-like factors in peripheral leukocytes by suppressing glucose fluctuations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nanae
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukaya
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Toshinao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goda
mesh_terms: D017485:1-Deoxynojirimycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D016207:Cytokines; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C045621:miglitol; D017485:1-Deoxynojirimycin; D013311:Streptozocin