title: Arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans sp. nov., to accommodate the phenanthrene-degrading bacterium Arthrobacter sp. strain Sphe3.
abstract: A novel phenanthrene-degrading bacterium, designated strain Sphe3(T), was isolated from a creosote-contaminated soil in Greece. Cells were non-motile, Gram-positive, aerobic, and rod- to coccus-shaped. The strain was isolated on the basis of formation of a clear zone on agar plates sprayed with phenanthrene. Optimal growth occurred at 30 degrees C. The G+C content of the DNA was 65.7 mol%. The polar lipid pattern of strain Sphe3(T) consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The dominant fatty acids were iso-C(15 : 0), anteiso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0), C(16 : 0) and anteiso-C(17 : 0), representing >86 % of the total fatty acids. The predominant isoprenoid quinone of strain Sphe3(T) was menaquinone-8 (MK-8). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain Sphe3(T) showed 99 and 98.9 % similarity to the type strains of Arthrobacter oxydans and Arthrobacter polychromogenes, respectively. Strain Sphe3(T) showed 91 % similarity to homologues of A. oxydans and A. polychromogenes based on recA gene sequence analysis. Based on 16S rRNA and recA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization analysis, as well as physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, it is concluded that strain Sphe3(T) represents a novel species of the genus Arthrobacter, for which the name Arthrobacter phenanthrenivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Sphe3(T) (=DSM 18606(T) =LMG 23796(T)).
authors.affiliation: Sector of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kallimanis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kavakiotis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perisynakis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spröer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pukall
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drainas
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Koukkou
mesh_terms: D001173:Arthrobacter / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D011938:Rec A Recombinases / Q000235:genetics; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D010616:Phenanthrenes; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C031181:phenanthrene; D011938:Rec A Recombinases