Toxic effects of copper on antioxidative and metabolic enzymes of the marine gastropod, Onchidium struma.
The goals of this study were to evaluate the acute and sublethal toxicity of copper (Cu(2+)) on the marine gastropod, Onchidium struma, and to examine the utility of enzymatic parameters as indicators of Cu(2+) exposure. In a semistatic renewal test, the 96-hour median lethal concentration of Cu(2+) for O. struma, 74.80 mg/L, was higher than that for other intertidal species. The activities of the antioxidative enzymes, Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and catalase (CAT), and those of the metabolic enzymes-acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) -in both hepatopancreas and muscle were determined after a 1-week exposure to Cu(2+) (range 1.35 to 4.20 mg/L). The activities of both Cu/Zn-SOD and CAT were higher in hepatopancreas than muscle. In addition, there was a negative correlation between Cu(2+) concentration and Cu/Zn-SOD activity in hepatopancreas, whereas a positive correlation was observed for CAT activity. Concentration-dependent changes in ACP and AKP activity showed a similar trend in hepatopancreas, increasing then decreasing and, finally, a slight increase. In contrast, ACP activity was positively correlated with Cu(2+) across the concentration range tested. In both hepatopancreas and muscle, both GOT and GPT were activated by lower concentrations of Cu(2+) and inhibited at higher concentrations.
Li
Xiao-bo
XB
School of Life Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
Hou
Xue-li
XL
Mao
Qian
Q
Zhao
Yun-long
YL
Cheng
Yong-xu
YX
Wang
Qun
Q
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D004798:Enzymes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000135:Acid Phosphatase