Dietary Japanese millet protein ameliorates plasma levels of adiponectin, glucose, and lipids in type 2 diabetic mice.
Millet is an important food crop in Asia and Africa, but the health benefits of dietary millet are little known. This study defined the effects of dietary Japanese millet on diabetic mice. Feeding of a high-fat diet containing Japanese millet protein concentrate (JMP, 20% protein) to type 2 diabetic mice for 3 weeks significantly increased plasma levels of adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) and decreased the levels of glucose and triglyceride as compared to control. The starch fraction of Japanese millet had no effect on glucose or adiponectin levels, but the prolamin fraction beneficially modulated plasma glucose and insulin concentrations as well as adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene expression. Considering the physiological significance of adiponectin and HDL cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease, our findings imply that dietary JMP has the potential to ameliorate these diseases.
Nishizawa
Naoyuki
N
Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan. nisizawa@iwate-u.ac.jp
Togawa
Tubasa
T
Park
Kyung-Ok
KO
Sato
Daiki
D
Miyakoshi
Yo
Y
Inagaki
Kazuya
K
Ohmori
Norimasa
N
Ito
Yoshiaki
Y
Nagasawa
Takashi
T
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004435:Eating; D031747:Echinochloa / Q000737:chemistry*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055315:Prolamins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology
D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D008055:Lipids; D010940:Plant Proteins; D055315:Prolamins; D013213:Starch