title: Effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 on adipogenesis in vivo.
abstract: To study the functional role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in obesity, the effect of its overexpression on de novo adipogenesis was evaluated in murine models in vivo. Therefore, 3T3-F442A preadipocytes expressing murine PAI-1 (mPAI-1) or control cells were injected in the back of male NUDE mice, which were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for four weeks. De novo fat pads that formed from the PAI-1 expressing cells were larger (21 +/- 2.4 mg vs. 14 +/- 1.4 mg; p = 0.017) and showed a higher adipocyte density (373 +/- 28 mm(-2) vs. 301 +/- 12 mm(-2); p = 0.03) as compared to those formed from control cells. In a second model, male NUDE mice were injected in the tail vein with an adenoviral construct expressing mPAI-1 or with the empty vector, and three days later with 3T3-F442A cells. After four weeks of HFD, total body weight and de novo fat pad weight were comparable for both groups. Mild adipocyte hypotrophy was observed in the de novo fat pads of the PAI-1 overexpressing mice (1180 +/- 33 microm(2) vs. 1285 +/- 32 microm(2); p = 0.024), whereas the blood vessel size was significantly smaller than in controls (30 +/- 1.8 microm(2) vs. 63 +/- 3.6 microm(2); p < 0.0001). Thus, the effect of local or systemic PAI-1 (over)expression on adipocyte or blood vessel size and density of de novo formed fat pads appears to be different, and concentration-dependent. Whereas local expression resulted in larger fat pads, systemic overexpression had no effect on de novo adipogenesis, although angiogenesis appeared to be impaired.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, O & N 1, Herestraat 49, Box 911, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Scroyen
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Leen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cosemans
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Geest
authors.forename: H Roger
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Lijnen
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation; D050156:Adipogenesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D048429:Cell Size; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D023421:Models, Animal; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D058258:Serpin E2; D015843:Serpins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D058258:Serpin E2; C511869:Serpine2 protein, mouse; D015843:Serpins