title: Lysine methylation of nuclear co-repressor receptor interacting protein 140.
abstract: Receptor interacting protein 140 (RIP140) undergoes extensive post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, acetylation, arginine methylation, and pyridoxylation. PTMs affect its subcellular distribution, protein-protein interaction, and biological activity in adipocyte differentiation. Arginine methylation on Arg(240), Arg(650), and Arg(948) suppresses the repressive activity of RIP140. Here, we find that endogenous RIP140 in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells is also modified by lysine methylation. Three lysine residues, Lys(591), Lys(653), and Lys(757), are mapped as potential methylation sites by mass spectrometry. Site-directed mutagenesis study shows that lysine methylation enhances its gene repressive activity. Mutation of lysine methylation sites enhances arginine methylation, while mutation on arginine methylation sites has little effect on its lysine methylation, suggesting a relationship between lysine methylation and arginine methylation. Kinetic analysis of PTMs of endogenous RIP140 in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells demonstrates sequential modifications on RIP140, initiated from constitutive lysine methylation, followed by increased arginine methylation later in differentiation. This study reveals a potential hierarchy of modifications, at least for lysine and arginine methylation, which bidirectionally regulate the functionality of a nonhistone protein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: M D Mostaqul
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Huq
authors.forename: Sung Gil
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Barcelona
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism*; D008745:Methylation; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078723:Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein 1; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000078723:Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein 1; D001120:Arginine; D008239:Lysine