title: Replication capacity in relation to immunologic and virologic outcomes in HIV-1-infected treatment-naive subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between baseline (BL) replication capacity (RC) (RCBL) and immunologic/virologic parameters (at BL and after 48 weeks on therapy) in HIV-1-infected subjects initiating antiretroviral therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  RCBL was determined using a modified Monogram PhenoSense HIV drug susceptibility assay on plasma HIV-1 from 321 treatment-naive subjects from AIDS Clinical Trials Group 384. Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to determine the association of RCBL with BL and on-therapy virologic and immunologic outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher RCBL was associated with lower baseline CD4 (CD4BL) (r = -0.23, P < 0.0001), higher baseline HIV-1 RNA (r = 0.25, P < 0.0001), higher CD4BL activation percent (r = 0.23, P < 0.0001), and lower CD4BL memory count (r = -0.21, P = 0.0002). In a multivariable model, week 48 CD4 increase (DeltaCD448) was associated with lower CD4BL memory count and higher CD4BL-naive percent (P = 0.004, P = 0.015, respectively). The interaction between CD4BL and RCBL was significant (P = 0.018), with a positive association between RCBL and DeltaCD448 in subjects with higher CD4BL and a negative association at lower absCD4BL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At baseline, higher RC was significantly associated with higher HIV-1 RNA, higher CD4 cell activation, lower CD4 cell count, and lower CD4 memory cell count. These factors may interact, directly or indirectly, to modify the extent to which CD4 recovery occurs in patients starting antiretroviral therapy at different CD4BL counts.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI 02908, USA. gail_skowron@brown.edu
authors.forename: Gail
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Skowron
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Spritzler
authors.forename: Jodi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weidler
authors.forename: Gregory K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: Victoria A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Ellen S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Asmuth
authors.forename: Rajesh T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lie
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Pollard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019562:Viral Load; D014779:Virus Replication