title: Lack of linkage and association of adrenomedullin and its receptor genes in French Caucasian rheumatoid arthritis trio families.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by hyperplasia of fibro-blast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), in part due to apoptosis resistance. Adrenomedullin, an anti-apoptotic peptide, is secreted more by RA than osteoarthritis FLSs. Adrenomedullin binds to a heterodimeric functional receptor, of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) coupled with a receptor activity-modifying protein-2 (RAMP-2), which is also overexpressed by rheumatoid synoviocytes. Since adrenomedullin decreases RA FLS apoptosis, possibly contributing to the development of pannus, study of adrenomedullin and its receptor genes might reveal a linkage and association in French Caucasian RA trio families.
  
  
  METHODS
  Within each of 100 families, one RA-affected patient and both parents underwent genotyping for polymorphisms of adrenomedullin, CRLR and RAMP-2, by PCR-restricted fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) or Taqman 5' allelic discrimination assay. Statistical analysis relied on the transmission disequilibrium test, the affected family-based controls and the genotype relative risk. Haplotypes of CRLR were inferred, and linkage and association studies were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant transmission disequilibrium or association between the three genes and RA was observed. CRLR haplotypes revealed two major haplotypes, but no significant linkage with RA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings provided no significant linkage or association of adrenomedullin and CRLR-RAMP-2 genes with RA in the studied trio families. The two CRLR polymorphisms rs3771076 and rs3771084 should be investigated in larger samples.
authors.affiliation: Fédération de rhumatologie, Hôpital Lariboisière, Pôle Appareil Locomoteur, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michou
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garnier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barbet
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Glikmans
authors.forename: H-K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Ea
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Uzan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Asensio
authors.forename: M-D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Ah Kioon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lasbleiz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bardin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cornélis
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lioté
mesh_terms: D053607:Adrenomedullin / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D058286:Calcitonin Receptor-Like Protein; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C507862:ADM protein, human; C545578:CALCRL protein, human; D058286:Calcitonin Receptor-Like Protein; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; D053607:Adrenomedullin