title: Neutrophils in chronic and aggressive periodontitis in interaction with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study analyzed the interaction of Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Y4 with peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils taken from patients with aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral blood polymorphonuclear neutrophils obtained from 12 patients with chronic periodontitis, six patients with aggressive periodontitis and 12 healthy controls were exposed to P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans following opsonization of the bacteria using the patient's own serum. Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels against both periodontopathogens were measured. Phagocytosis and killing of the bacteria, as well as the extracellular human neutrophil elastase activity, were quantified. The total amount and the extracellular release of reactive oxygen species were measured using luminol-dependent and isoluminol-dependent chemiluminescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polymorphonuclear neutrophils from patients with chronic (62.16 +/- 19.39%) and aggressive (43.26 +/- 26.63%) periodontitis phagocytosed more P. gingivalis than the healthy controls (24.43 +/- 19.87%) at the 30-min time point after exposure to the bacteria (p < 0.05). High serum IgG levels against P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans were detected in subjects with periodontitis. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils from subjects with chronic and aggressive periodontitis released significantly more reactive oxygen species and demonstrated greater human neutrophil elastase activity in the absence of any stimulus than polymorphonuclear neutrophils from healthy controls (p < 0.05). Polymorphonuclear neutrophils in chronic periodontitis released significantly more reactive oxygen species when exposed to P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans than polymorphonuclear neutrophils in aggressive periodontitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High serum IgG levels against P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans promote phagocytosis in periodontitis. The extracellular release of reactive oxygen species and neutrophil elastase by polymorphonuclear neutrophils may also contribute to damage of the surrounding periodontal tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany. arndt.guentsch@med.uni-jena.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guentsch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puklo
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Preshaw
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Glockmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pfister
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Potempa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000276:immunology*; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D049449:Luminescence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000276:immunology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase