title: Treatment of PC3 prostate cancer cells with mitoxantrone, etoposide, doxorubicin and carboplatin induces distinct alterations in the expression of kallikreins 5 and 11.
abstract: Several of the novel kallikrein-related peptidases (tissue kallikreins; KLKs) are emerging new serum and/or tissue biomarkers for prostate cancer (CaP) diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring. In the present research approach, our objective was to investigate the possible alterations in the mRNA expression levels of KLK5 and KLK11 genes in prostate cancer cells PC3 as a response to treatment with mitoxantrone, etoposide, doxorubicin and carboplatin. Viability was assessed with the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay after cell treatment with either mitoxantrone (2 microM), etoposide (20 microM), doxorubicin (1 microM), or carboplatin (15 microM), for 24, 48 and 72 hours. Additionally, trypan blue staining revealed that in PC3 cells all drugs displayed almost the same limited necrotic effects which appeared mainly at 72 hours of treatment. PC3 prostate cancer cells showed a concentration- and time-dependent increased cytotoxicity to the drugs under study which was mainly due to reduction of cell proliferation efficiency. Distinct modulations of KLK5 and KLK11 genes, at the mRNA level, were observed, supporting a drug-dependent cell response. Our experimental data demonstrate that the molecular profile mainly of KLK5 gene may serve as a new potential molecular biomarker predicting treatment response in CaP cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Hellinida
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thomadaki
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mavridis
authors.forename: Maroulio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talieri
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scorilas
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009336:Necrosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C114880:trypsin-like serine protease; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D016190:Carboplatin; D008942:Mitoxantrone; C400147:KLK5 protein, human; D007610:Kallikreins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases