title: Evaluation of left ventricular short- and long-axis function in severe mitral regurgitation using 2-dimensional strain echocardiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few data exist on the changes in left ventricular (LV) short- and long-axis function and their usefulness as markers of LV contractile function in patients with chronic, severe mitral regurgitation (MR).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 59 patients who had severe MR with an ejection fraction > or =50% and 34 healthy controls. Speckle tracking imaging was performed to measure peak systolic radial (SR(R)), circumferential (SR(C)), and longitudinal strain rates (SR(L)). In all patients, the peak rate of LV pressure rise (peak dP/dt) was measured using a micromanometer-tipped catheter. The patients were subdivided into patients with preserved (group 1, peak dP/dt > or =1,300 mm Hg/s [n = 30]) and depressed (group 2 [n = 29]) contractile function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SR(L) was significantly depressed in groups 1 and 2 when compared with the control group, but there was no difference between groups 1 and 2. In contrast, SR(R) and SR(C) were depressed only in group 2, whereas there were no differences between the control group and group 1. SR(R) and SR(C) correlated well with peak dP/dt (r = 0.71, P <.001 and r = -0.63, P <.001, respectively), whereas SR(L) did not. These findings suggest that LV long-axis function becomes depressed earlier than short-axis function in the chronic remodeling process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Left ventricular short-axis function is a useful marker of LV contractility in patients with chronic, severe MR. Left ventricular long-axis function becomes depressed earlier in the chronic remodeling process. Therefore, evaluation of short-axis as well as long-axis function might be important for better assessment of LV contractile function in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyung-Kwan
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Joo-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hong-Gu
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Hee-Chan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dae-Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Byung-Hee
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Young-Bae
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004452:Echocardiography; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult