title: Estrogen receptor beta mediates increased activation of PI3K/Akt signaling and improved myocardial function in female hearts following acute ischemia.
abstract: Females have a lower incidence of heart failure and improved survival after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) compared with males. Although estrogen-suppressed cardiomyocyte apoptosis may be mediated through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, it is unclear whether this action is mediated via estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta). Therefore, we hypothesized that ERbeta mediates estrogen-induced cardioprotection through PI3K/Akt and antiapoptotic signaling in females but not in males. Isolated male and female hearts from ERbeta knockout (ERbetaKO) and wild-type (WT) mice (n = 5 mice/group) were subjected to 20-min ischemia followed by 60-min reperfusion (Langendorff). Ablation of ERbeta significantly decreased postischemic recovery of left ventricular developed pressure in female, but not male, hearts. Reduced activation of PI3K and Akt was noted in female ERbetaKO hearts, which was associated with increased expression of caspase-3 and -8, as well as decreased Bcl-2 levels compared with WT. However, myocardial STAT3, SOCS3 (suppressor of cytokine signaling 3), VEGF, and TNF receptors 1 and 2 levels did not change in ERbetaKO of either sex following I/R. Furthermore, deficiency of ERbeta increased myocardial JNK activation in females but increased ERK1/2 activity in males during acute I/R. We conclude that ERbeta mediates myocardial protection via upregulation of PI3K/Akt activation, decreased caspase-3 and -8, and increased Bcl-2 in female hearts following I/R. These findings provide evidence of ERbeta-mediated PI3K/Akt and antiapoptotic signaling in the myocardium and may lend insight into the mechanistic pathways behind the observed variation in clinical outcomes between males and females after myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. meiwang@iupui.edu
authors.forename: Meijing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weil
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abarbanell
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Jiangning
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Meldrum
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000071223:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D017725:Ventricular Pressure
chemical_list: D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C491411:Socs3 protein, mouse; C494087:Stat3 protein, mouse; D000071223:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C505409:Casp3 protein, mouse; C505526:Casp8 protein, mouse; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8