title: Effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy as an adjuvant to pharmacotherapy in patients with panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been widely used to treat patients with depressive disorder to prevent relapse. The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of newly developed MBCT program as an adjuvant to pharmacotherapy in the treatment of patients with panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six patients with panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder were assigned to either MBCT or an anxiety disorder education (ADE) program for a period of 8 weeks. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) were used to assess the patients at 0 week and after the two programs had been running for 2, 4, and 8 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MBCT group demonstrated significantly more improvement than the ADE group according to all anxiety (HAM-A, p<0.01; BAI, p<0.01; anxiety subscale of SCL-90-R, p=0.01) and depression (HAM-D, p<0.01; BDI, p<0.01; depression subscale of SCL-90-R, p<0.01) scale scores. The obsessive-compulsive and phobic subscales of the SCL-90-R also showed significantly more improvement in the MBCT group. However, no significant improvement was observed in the MBCT group versus the ADE group in terms of the somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, paranoid ideation, or psychoticism subscale scores of the SCL-90-R.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MBCT may be effective at relieving anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with panic disorder or generalized anxiety disorder. However, well-designed, randomized controlled trials are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Bundang CHA Hospital, Pochon CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Hyuk
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae Kyou
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Shin Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Borah
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chan Mo
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Myo Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Keunyoung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yook
authors.forename: Mi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Su Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Ki-Hwan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yook
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult