title: Separation of oil-water-sludge emulsions coming from palm oil mill process through microwave techniques.
abstract: The palm oil mills extraction process requires the separation of oil-water-sludge emulsions. For this purpose, the use of sedimentation and/or centrifugation techniques have been required until now. However, significant losses persist in different process flows and new methods are needed to further decrease them, such as methods based on electromagnetic waves application. In the study, emulsions obtained from two flow processes, namely press liquor stream (PL) and recovered stream of the centrifugal step (RC), were exposed to microwave radiation with different exposure times. In the case of the press liquor stream, different oil/water dilution ratios were also studied. The sedimentation speed and efficiency were studied for the irradiated samples and compared to those obtained for the same fluids with no radiation. Also, chromatographic tests were performed on the recovered oil to determine the effect on the oil quality after microwave radiation. The obtained results allow us to conclude that microwave exposure during periods below 1 minute lead to better sedimentation speed and efficiency. It was observed that microwaves facilitate the break of the charges and polarities balances in the emulsions at considerably lower temperatures than the corresponding in the conventional process, without affecting the recovered oil quality.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Santo Tomás, Carrera 18, Número 9-27, Bucaramanga, Colombia.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pérez-Páez
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Catalá-Civera
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: García-Baños
authors.forename: Edgar F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: Johanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bastos
authors.forename: Luz S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Zambrano
mesh_terms: D004655:Emulsions; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008872:Microwaves; D000073878:Palm Oil; D044367:Phase Transition; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012722:Sewage; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D007220:Industrial Waste; D010938:Plant Oils; D012722:Sewage; D014867:Water; D000073878:Palm Oil