title: A polymorphism in the promoter region of Ku70/XRCC6, associated with breast cancer risk and oestrogen exposure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Polymorphisms in double strand break repair genes could be involved in genetic breast cancer predisposition as enhanced chromosomal radiosensitivity is a hallmark for breast cancer. Previously, the c.-1310 C>G SNP, located in the Ku70 promoter, showed a significant odds ratio (OR) of 1.85 (P = 0.048) in sporadic, but not familial breast cancer patients, indicating that other factors besides genetic aptitude influence this association. As breast epithelium is exposed to endogenous oxidative stress through oestrogen exposure, the influence of hormone exposure was further examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant OR (1.69, P = 0.017) was found for an enlarged patient population through PCR-RFLP assays in a case-control study in a Belgian population. After dividing the patient population according to oestrogen exposure, high and significant ORs were seen for patients with a longer oestrogen exposure (late age at menopause: OR = 1.96, P = 0.029).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that the variant allele of c.-1310 C>G, located in the Ku70 promoter, is a risk allele for breast cancer. Furthermore, the association of the c.-1310 C>G SNP with breast cancer risk was stronger in women with a long oestrogen exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Science, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Willems
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De Ruyck
authors.forename: Rudy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van den Broecke
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makar
authors.forename: Gianpaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perletti
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thierens
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vral
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004967:Estrogens; C000606509:Xrcc6 protein, human; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen