title: Impact of mild hypoxemia on renal function and renal resistive index during mechanical ventilation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Short-term hypoxemia affects diuresis and natriuresis in healthy individuals. No data are available on the impact of the mild hypoxemia levels usually tolerated in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the renal effects of mild hypoxemia during mechanical ventilation for acute lung injury (ALI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, physiological study in 12 mechanically ventilated patients with ALI. Patients were studied at baseline with an arterial saturation (SaO(2)) of 96% [94-98] then a comparison was performed between SaO(2) values of 88-90% (mild hypoxemia) and 98-99% (high oxygenation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  FiO(2) was set at 0.25 [0.23-0.32] and 0.7 [0.63-0.8], respectively, to obtain SaO(2) of 89 [89-90] and 99% [98-99]. Hemodynamic or respiratory parameters were not significantly affected by FiO(2) levels. Compared with high oxygenation level, mild hypoxemia using low FiO(2) was associated with increase in diuresis (median [interquartile range], 67 [55-105] vs. 55 [45-60] ml/h; P = 0.003) and in doppler-based renal resistive index (RI) (0.78 [0.66-0.85] vs. 0.72 [0.60-0.78]; P = 0.003). The 2-h calculated creatinine clearance also increased (63 [46-103] vs. 35 [30-85] ml/min; P = 0.005) without change in urinary creatinine (P = 0.13). No significant change in natriuresis was observed. Half of the patients were under norepinephrine infusion and the renal response did not differ according to the presence of vasopressors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with ALI, mild hypoxemia related to short-term low FiO(2) induce increases in diuresis and in renal RI. This latter point suggests intra-renal mechanisms that need to be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Medical Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP, Centre hospitalier Albert Chenevier, Henri Mondor, Créteil, France. michael.darmon@sls.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darmon
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schortgen
authors.forename: Rusel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leon
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moutereau
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mayaux
authors.forename: Fabiano
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Marco
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Devaquet
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brun-Buisson
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brochard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications*; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D013990:Tidal Volume; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler