title: Diagnosis of Schistosoma haematobium on voided urine cytology: a case report with radiologic correlation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infection with schistosomal species is becoming a more frequent finding in hospitals throughout the United States. Some causes that can be attributed to the rise include increased immigration from and travel to endemic areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of urinary schistosomiasis diagnosed on urine cytology in a 7-year-old Nigerian boy. Infection was suspected after review of the clinical history and correlation with radiologic images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rise in incidence has made it necessary for cytopathologists to be increasingly aware of these infections, in particular, Schistosoma haematobium, because it is the most frequent agent to be encountered on a cytology specimen, particularly urine. Similar cases have been published, one with specimen concentration and one without. However, no cases of cytology diagnosis with radiologic correlation are seen in the English literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA. aronoa01@med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laser
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kacher
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amodio
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Strubel
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elgert
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012548:Schistosoma haematobium / Q000166:cytology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012553:Schistosomiasis haematobia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000652:urine; D014556:Urine / Q000469:parasitology