title: [Effects of aircraft noise on preschool children's misbehaviours: results of research around the Kadena and Futenma airfields in Okinawa].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between aircraft noise exposure as expressed by Weighted Equivalent Continuous Perceived Noise Level (WECPNL) and preschool children's misbehaviours around the Kadena and Futenma airfields in Okinawa.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire survey on children's misbehaviour was conducted in nursery schools and kindergartens around the Kadena and Futenma airfields. The children living around the Kadena airfield were divided into four groups according to WECPNL at their residences and those around the Futenma airfield into three groups according to WECPNL. The subjects were 1,888 male and female preschool children, 3 to 6 years of age, whose parents, caregivers, and teachers answered the questions. The answers used for the analysis were limited to those of respondents fulfilling the following conditions: parents living with their children, fathers with a daytime job, and mothers with a daytime job or no job. Thus, the number of valid answers was 1,213. The responses were analysed using logistic regression models taking the number of misbehaviours related to the items of Biological Function, Social Standard, Physical Constitution, Movement Habit, or Character as the dependent variables, and WECPNL, age, sex, size of family, birth order, mother's age at birth, mother's job, caregiver's career, and category of subject as the independent variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant dose-response relationship was found between the odds ratio and WECPNL for the outcomes of Physical Constitution around the Kadena and Futenma airfields.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It would be reasonable to conclude that the aircraft noise exposure is a factor that increases the number of preschool children's misbehaviours.
authors.affiliation: Okinawa Prefectural College of Nursing, Okinawa, Japan. tokuyama@okinawa-nurs.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tokuyama
authors.forename: Toshihito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyakita
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000401:Aircraft; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D009624:Noise, Transportation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires