[The analysis of impairment and repair of neural network by ethanol: in vitro and in vivo studies using neurons and neural stem cells].
Recent clinical neuroimaging studies have suggested the morphological brain changes occur and progress in the course of alcoholism and depression. The abnormality of neurogenesis has emerged as a potential epidemiological mechanism of these diseases. Previously, we have indicated the low dose of ethanol that could not influence on the survival of neurons and neural stem cell (NSC) suppress differentiation to neurons but glias through activation of neuron-restrictive silencing factor/repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor (NRSF/REST). We revealed the endoplasmic reticulum function and trophic factor signaling change implicated in this mechanism of ethanol action on NSC differentiation change. The analysis of potentials of psychotropic drugs on the ethanol-induced NSC function change may reveal the possible biological way of neural network impairment and its repair. Furthermore, the approach of using stem cells such as intravenous NSC transplantation can be a useful method to clarify the neural network reconstruction damaged by ethanol. The importance of interactive analysis of in vitro to in vivo should be documented for the pathophysiological understanding and new therapy development against alcohol-induced brain damage.
Ukai
Wataru
W
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan.
Ishii
Takao
T
Yoshinaga
Toshihiro
T
Tateno
Masaru
M
Hashimoto
Eri
E
Ono
Takafumi
T
Watanabe
Kimihiko
K
Watanabe
Ippei
I
Shirasaka
Tomohiro
T
Saito
Toshikazu
T
D000437:Alcoholism / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
D000431:Ethanol