title: Relationship between orifices of pulmonary and coronary arteries in common arterial trunk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Variability in pulmonary arterial and coronary arterial origins in common arterial trunk has been investigated previously but only as separate entities. We hypothesise that combinations of relationships between the two arterial structures have important clinical implications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified pulmonary arterial and coronary arterial origins in 56 heart specimens. The orifices were plotted according to the location on the circumference of the common trunk and distance from the level of the sinutubular junction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pulmonary orifice was sinusal when the lowest margin of the orifice was below the sinutubular junction (n=12, 21%). It was defined as low when located </=2mm above the sinutubular junction (n=11, 20%). Pulmonary origin >2mm above the sinutubular junction was designated as normal (n=33, 59%). Circumferentially, there was a distinct predilection for sinusal origin to be located within the left-anterior segment of the common trunk, as opposed to low and normal origins that almost always resided within the left-posterior segment. Furthermore, hearts with sinusal origin (75%; 9 hearts out of 12) had significantly higher prevalence of proximity (defined as a distance of </=2mm) between pulmonary and coronary orifices than those with low origin (27%; 3 hearts out of 11) and normal origin (3%; 1 heart out of 33) (p=0.039 and p<0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Owing to its unique location, frequently close to a coronary orifice, hearts with sinusal origin warrant special attention in both diagnostic and surgical management. At the same time, however, its peculiar pulmonary arrangement may facilitate direct right ventricular-pulmonary connection and dispense with the need for augmentation with an external conduit that inevitably will be outgrown by the patient.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Morphology Unit, National Heart & Lung Institute, Guy Scadding Building, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK.
authors.forename: Iki
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Karen P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seale
authors.forename: Siew Yen
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003330:Coronary Vessel Anomalies / Q000473:pathology*; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000002:abnormalities; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult