title: Vitrification for reclaiming spent alkaline batteries.
abstract: The object of this study is to stabilize spent alkaline batteries and to recover useful metals. A blend of dolomite, limestone, and cullet was added to act as a reductant and a glass matrix former in vitrification. Specimens were vitrified using an electrical heating furnace at 1400 degrees C and the output products included slag, ingot, flue gas, and fly ash. The major constituents of the slag were Ca, Mn, and Si, and the results of the toxicity leaching characteristics met the standards in Taiwan. The ingot was a good material for use in production of stainless steel, due to being mainly composed of Fe and Mn. For the fly ash, the high level of Zn makes it economical to recover. The distribution of metals indicated that most of Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni moved to the ingot, while Al, Ca, Mg, and Si stayed in the slag; Hg vaporized as gas phase into the flue gas; and Cd, Pb, and Zn were predominately in the fly ash. Recovery efficiency for Fe and Zn was >90% and the results show that vitrification is a promising technology for reclaiming spent alkaline batteries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Rende Shiang, Tainan County 71703, Taiwan, ROC. yiming@mail.hwai.edu.tw
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Juu-En
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Cheng-Han
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jian-Yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Guo-Ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chang-Chien
mesh_terms: D006256:Hazardous Waste / Q000191:economics; D008670:Metals / Q000191:economics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006256:Hazardous Waste; D008670:Metals