title: [An elderly case of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome with hyperketonemia].
abstract: A 72-year-old man had been treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus and gastric cancer. He had been receiving insulin and chemotherapy because of diabetes mellitus and terminal gastric cancer. The dose of insulin was decreased due to the appetite loss, but his general condition deteriorated with disturbed consciousness (JCS I-3), so he was admitted to our hospital in November 2006. On admission, he showed abnormal laboratory data such as WBC 11,070/microl, Hb 10.2 g/dl, serum BUN 64.1 mg/dl, serum Cr 2.23 mg/dl, serum CRP 16.78 mg/dl, plasma glucose 830 mg/dl, serum osmolarity 360 mOsm/l, and serum total keton body 5,490 micromol/l. However, serum Na (142 mEq/l), serum K (4.5 mEq/l), arterial blood pH (7.368), and the anion gap (15 mEq/l) were within the normal range. He was given a diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome with hyperketonemia. Immediately treatment was started with physiologic saline and regular insulin infusion. After treatment, glucose level and serum osmolarity ameliorated. Though elderly cases with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome and hyperketonemia are rarely reported, it is important to be aware that elderly patients often have very atypical signs and symptoms. We report this case to show diverse nature of elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Internal Medicine, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D007657:Ketone Bodies