title: Pharmacokinetics of danofloxacin after single dose intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration to loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta.
abstract: The single-dose disposition kinetics of the antibiotic danofloxacin were determined in clinically normal loggerhead turtles (n = 6) after intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC) and intramuscular (IM) administration of 6 mg kg(-1) bodyweight. Danofloxacin concentrations were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The concentration-time data were analyzed by non-compartmental kinetic methods. Steady-state volume of distribution, and total body clearance of danofloxacin after IV administration were estimated to be 1.02 +/- 0.17 1 kg(-1) and 0.11 +/- 0.01 1 h(-1) kg(-1), respectively. Following IM and SC administration, danofloxacin achieved maximum plasma concentrations of 10.25 +/- 4.59 and 10.35 +/- 4.45 mg l(-1) at 1.20 +/- 0.52 and 1.46 +/- 0.48 h, respectively. The absolute bioavailabilities after SC and IM routes were 98.72 +/- 11.73 and 104.81 +/- 14.97%, respectively. Danofloxacin shows a favourable pharmacokinetic profile in loggerhead turtles reflected by parameters such as a long half-life and a high bioavailability following a single dose of 6 mg kg(-1) by IM and SC routes; thus, it is likely that this treatment will be effective in loggerhead turtles with bacterial infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30.071-Murcia, Spain. pmarin@um.es
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bayón
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández-Varón
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Escudero
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Clavel
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Almela
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cárceles
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D014426:Turtles
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; C068581:danofloxacin