title: Prediction of chronic allograft damage index of renal allografts using serum level of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plays an important role in renal fibrosis. We conducted this study to examine whether serum PAI-1 has a role in predicting chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty kidney transplant recipients receiving graft biopsies were enrolled. The pathologic diagnoses were acute tubular necrosis (ATN; n = 12), borderline rejection (BR; n = 7), acute rejection (ACR; n = 12), CAN (n = 11), polyomavirus nephropathy (PVN; n = 3) and others (n = 5; glomerulopathy, n = 4; calcineurin inhibitor nephropathy, n = 1). The serum level of PAI-1 and chronic allograft damage index (CADI) score of each patient were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CADI score of all patients was 4 (0-10) (median and range) and in each group was ATN 0.5 (0-4), BR 2.0 (1-4), ACR 4.0 (2-8), CAN 5.0 (4-10), PVN 7 (4-8) and others 2 (0-8). The serum PAI-1 level of each group was ATN 9.38 (2.35-14.52) ng/mL, BR 10.09 (0.61-18.06) ng/mL, ACR 11.08 (2.32-20.68) ng/mL, CAN 14.51 (3.66-21.12), PVN 14.79 (13.94-21.94) and others 16.35 (4.05-21.01) ng/mL. CADI score is associated with serum PAI-1 activity (r = 0.405, p = 0.003) and is inversely associated with serum creatinine (r = -0.348, p = 0.011), but not with estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.124).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum PAI-1 level has the potential to be a marker to predict CADI score, the quantitative score of CAN.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Horng-Rong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Shun-Fa
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jong-Da
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: Chiu-Chu
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Mei-Chin
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Yen Ta
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yee-Jee
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jan
authors.forename: Yih-Shou
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D003404:Creatinine