title: [Tobacco smoking in urban and rural adolescents and its association with individual and familiar characteristics].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose was to estimate the prevalence of smoking in adolescents and its association with some individual and family characteristics in urban and rural areas.
  
  
  METHODS
  An analytic cross-sectional study was carried out in 3161 junior high school students, of eight public and two private urban schools and three public rural schools. Some student behaviors on tobacco use, patterns of smoking and alcohol consumption in the family and socioeconomic status were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of smoking increased with age. In private urban schools, women had a higher prevalence that males (27.6 % vs. 19.3 %). In rural area schools was higher in males (9.9 % vs. 3.5 %). Individual characteristics associated with smoking were: the curiosity to smoke (OR = 9.7, CI 95 % = 5.8-16.3), having experienced with smoking (OR = 26, CI 95% = 12-56.6) and alcohol consumption (OR = 2.9, CI 95 % = 2.1-3.9). The family characteristics that influence adolescent smoking were the presence of smoking habit in the father (OR = 1.5, CI 95% = 1.1-2) or in the brother or sister (OR = 2, CI 95 % = 1.3-3). The parents living together (OR = 0.6, CI 95 % = 0.4-0.9) was a protective factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The exploratory behavior of the adolescent and the patterns of tobacco use and alcohol consumption in the family influenced the adoption of this habit.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. liriayk@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: Liria
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yamamoto-Kimura
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Posadas-Romero
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Méndez-Ramírez
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cardoso-Saldaña
authors.forename: Rosalinda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Posadas-Sánchez
authors.forename: Aida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Medina-Urrutia
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fajardo-Gutiérrez
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Juárez-Rojas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014505:Urban Population