title: Specific hippocampal choline decrease in an animal model of depression.
abstract: A decreased level of the hippocampal choline signal was found in patients with depression in previous proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) studies. The objective of this study is to compare choline levels before and after the forced swimming test (FST), an animal model of depression typically used for assessing antidepressant activity. (1)H-MRS spectra were obtained from both the left and right hippocampus. After the FST, rats showed a significant decrease of the choline/creatine (Cho/Cr, p = 0.037) and choline/N-acetylaspartate (Cho/NAA, p = 0.048) ratios in the left hippocampus, but not in the right hippocampus. This finding was analogous to results from patients with depression. It suggests that decreased Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA ratios in the left hippocampal regions might be considered to be biomarkers in rats with depression.
authors.affiliation: High Field Magnetic Resonance Center, Max-Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: S-T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: C-B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: H-Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: B-Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Choe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism*; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D005082:Physical Exertion; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001224:Aspartic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline