title: Preoperative chemoradiation combined with regional hyperthermia for patients with resectable esophageal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the treatment results of neo-adjuvant chemoradiation combined with regional hyperthermia in patients with resectable esophageal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between August 2003 and December 2004, 28 patients entered a phase II study combining chemoradiation over a 4.5-week period with five sessions of regional hyperthermia. Chemotherapy consisted of carboplatin (AUC = 2) and paclitaxel (50 mg/m(2)) and radiotherapy of 41.4 Gy in 1.8 Gy daily fractions. Locoregional hyperthermia was applied using the AMC phased array of four 70 MHz antennas, aiming at a stable tumor temperature of 41 degrees C for one hour. Carboplatin was infused during the hyperthermia session. Esophageal resection was planned at 6-8 weeks after the end of radiotherapy. The majority of the patients had a T3 tumor (86%) and were cN+ (64%). Median follow-up for survivors was 37 months (range 31-46).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five patients (89%) completed the planned neo-adjuvant treatment and acute toxicity was generally mild. Twenty-six patients were operated on. A pathologically CR, PRmic, PR and SD were seen in 19%, 27%, 31% and 23% respectively. All patients had a R0 resection. In-field locoregional control during follow up for the operated patients was 100%. Quality of life was good for patients without disease progression. Survival rates at one, two and three years were 79%, 57% and 54% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neo-adjuvant chemoradiation combined with regional hyperthermia followed by esophageal resection for patients with esophageal cancer resulted in good locoregional control and overall survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Academical Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.c.hulshof@amc.nl
authors.forename: M C C M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hulshof
authors.forename: P M A
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Van Haaren
authors.forename: J J B
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Van Lanschot
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Richel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fockens
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oldenborg
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Geijsen
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Van Berge Henegouwen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crezee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel