title: Influence of abrasive particle size on surface properties of flowable composites.
abstract: The purpose of this investigation was to measure and compare both the surface roughness and gloss of flowable composites polished with standardized silicone carbide (SiC) papers. Four flowable and two conventional composites were used in this study. Polymerized specimens were subjected to a polishing procedure comprising 12 sequential steps from coarser to finer grits of SiC paper. At the initial polishing stage, flowable composites were more sensitive to the size of the polishing particles and thus yielded surfaces rougher than the conventional composites. Surface roughness became stable when polishing particles less than 13 microm size were used. However, although surface roughness was reduced, an esthetic gloss quality was not achieved on the resultant polished surface. On the influence of filler shape, composites with spherical fillers seemed to have the upper-hand advantage of attaining a high gloss by polishing. On the influence of polishing particle size, it was suggested that polishing should be completed with polishing particles less than 12 microm size so as to achieve clinically satisfactory surface roughness and gloss.
authors.affiliation: Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. erikoinusa@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Eriko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Takanashi
authors.forename: Ryuzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kishikawa
authors.forename: Masaomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Norimichi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inai
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otsuki
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Foxton
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tagami
mesh_terms: D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003775:Dental Polishing / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D010316:Particle Size; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; C112828:Clearfil AP-X; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; C507124:Estelite sigma; C515951:Filtek Supreme Plus; D008689:Methacrylates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D017655:Silicon Compounds; C501418:Unifil LoFlo Plus; C527485:estelite flow quick; C082616:Clearfil CR; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C022088:silicon carbide