title: Coronary artery calcification and inflammation according to various metabolic syndrome definitions.
abstract: A number of metabolic syndrome (MS) definitions exist, and one's cardiovascular disease risk may depend on the definition used. The authors compared the association of subclinical atherosclerosis (coronary artery calcification [CAC] score >0] and inflammation (white blood cell [WBC] count greater than or equal to the highest quartile) with 3 definitions of MS (those of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III [NCEP ATP III], the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [AHA/NHLBI], and the International Diabetes Federation [IDF]) in 458 asymptomatic men (mean age, 46+/-7 years). MS was present in 28%, 29%, and 34% according to NCEP ATP III, AHA/NHLBI, and IDF criteria, respectively. CAC was observed in 40% and high WBC count in 24%. After adjustment for age, smoking, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the odds ratios for CAC scores >0 with MS by NCEP ATP III, AHA/NHLBI, and IDF definitions were 1.67 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-2.72), 1.67 (95% CI, 1.03-2.70), and 1.63 (95% CI, 1.03-2.57), respectively. The multivariate odds ratios for high WBC count with MS by NCEP ATP III, AHA/NHLBI, and IDF definitions were 1.69 (95% CI, 1.04-2.73), 1.84 (95% CI, 1.14-2.95), and 1.66 (95% CI, 1.05-2.62), respectively. MS is associated with increased subclinical atherosclerosis and inflammation irrespective of various definitions.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University Ciccarone Preventive Cardiology Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Venkata
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Narla
authors.forename: Raul D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Catherine Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Jose A M
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Khurram
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nasir
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Budoff
authors.forename: Roger S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: Erin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Michos
mesh_terms: D002114:Calcinosis / Q000473:pathology; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000473:pathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL