title: Effect of sulfasalazine on basal and bacteria-stimulated interleukin-8 production by endocervical epithelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sulfasalazine (SASP) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced nuclear-factor kappa B activation and interleukin-8 (IL-8) production by cultured explants of placenta, amnion and choriodecidua. Bacteria-induced IL-8 production in the cervix is a potential mechanism for premature cervical ripening that may lead to preterm birth. Our objective was to determine if SASP inhibits IL-8 production by endocervical cells stimulated with bacterial pathogens associated with preterm birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human endocervical cells were incubated with 0-1.6 mm SASP and then stimulated with Ureaplasma parvum, Escherichia coli, or Gardnerella vaginalis. Conditioned medium was then harvested and production of IL-8 was quantified by ELISA. Viability of the cells was ascertained at the end of the experiment with the MTT-assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the highest concentration tested (1.6 mm), SASP significantly inhibited IL-8 production by cultures stimulated with E. coli (P < 0.001), U. parvum (P < 0.001), and G. vaginalis (P < 0.001). Viability of the cells, however, was significantly reduced by SASP at 0.8 and 1.6 mm in both the presence and absence of bacteria for all experiments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although high concentrations of SASP inhibit IL-8 production by cultures of endocervical cells stimulated with pathogens associated with preterm birth, this effect may be because of toxicity of the antibiotic on the cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School/Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. mpeltier@winthrop.org
authors.forename: Morgan R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Peltier
authors.forename: Siew C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tee
authors.forename: Wendy L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Kinzler
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Smulian
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012460:Sulfasalazine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012460:Sulfasalazine