title: Multigenerational effects in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) exposed to hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine (TNX).
abstract: Contamination by hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) has been identified at areas of explosive manufacturing, processing, storage, and usage. Anaerobic conversion of RDX to N-nitroso metabolites (hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine (MNX), hexahydro-1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazine (DNX), and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazine (TNX)) has been demonstrated in the environment and in gastrointestinal tracts of mammals in vivo. Thus, potential exists for exposure to these N-nitroso compounds. While exposed to TNX via drinking water ad libitum, deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were bred in three generations to produce cohorts F1A-D, F2A-B, and F3A. TNX was administered at four exposure levels: control (0 microg L(-1)), 10 microg L(-1), 100 microg L(-1), and 1000 microg L(-1). Endpoints investigated include: offspring production, offspring survival, offspring weight gain, and offspring organ weights. TNX exposure decreased litter size and increased postpartum mortality of offspring at the highest exposure level.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, The Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. jns_44@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Jordan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Marina A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Espino
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Cobb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015988:Cohort Effect; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010542:Peromyscus; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013534:Survival; D014227:Triazines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D053834:Explosive Agents; D014227:Triazines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C508167:hexahydro-1-nitroso-3,5-dinitro-1,3,5-triazine