title: Association of elevated fasting glucose with increased short-term and 6-month mortality in ST-segment elevation and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Elevated blood glucose level at admission is associated with worse outcome after a myocardial infarction. The impact of elevated glucose level, particularly fasting glucose, is less certain in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. We studied the relationship between elevated fasting blood glucose levels and outcome across the spectrum of ST-segment elevation and non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes in a large multicenter population broadly representative of clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fasting glucose levels were available for 13 526 patients in the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used for assessing the association between admission or fasting glucose level and in-hospital or 6-month outcome, adjusted for the variables from the registry risk scores.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher fasting glucose levels were associated with a graded increase in the risk of in-hospital death (odds ratios [95% confidence intervals] vs <100 mg/dL: 1.51 [1.12-2.04] for 100-125 mg/dL, 2.20 [1.64-2.60] for 126-199 mg/dL, 5.11 [3.52-7.43] for 200-299 mg/dL, and 8.00 [4.76-13.5] for > or =300 mg/dL). When taken as a continuous variable, higher fasting glucose level was related to a higher probability of in-hospital death, without detectable threshold and irrespective of whether patients had a history of diabetes mellitus. Higher fasting glucose levels were found to be associated with a higher risk of postdischarge death up to 6 months. The risk of postdischarge death at 6 months was significantly higher with fasting glucose levels between 126 and 199 mg/dL (1.71 [1.25-2.34]) and 300 mg/dL or greater (2.93 [1.33-6.43]), but not within the 200- to 299-mg/dL range (1.08 [0.60-1.95]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term and 6-month mortality was increased significantly with higher fasting glucose levels in patients across the spectrum of acute coronary syndromes, thus extending this relation to patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. The relation between fasting glucose level and risk of adverse short-term outcomes is graded across different glucose levels with no detectable threshold for diabetic or nondiabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium. peter.sinnaeve@uzleuven.be.
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sinnaeve
authors.forename: P Gabriel
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Steg
authors.forename: Keith A A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Frans
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Van de Werf
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montalescot
authors.forename: Christopher B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Knobel
authors.forename: Frederick A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Omar H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Dabbous
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avezum
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose