Expression, signaling, and function of P2X7 receptors in bone.
Nucleotides released from cells in response to mechanical stimulation or injury may serve as paracrine regulators of bone cell function. Extracellular nucleotides bind to multiple subtypes of P2 receptors on osteoblasts (the cells responsible for bone formation) and osteoclasts (cells with the unique ability to resorb mineralized tissues). Both cell lineages express the P2X7 receptor subtype. The skeletal phenotype of mice with targeted disruption of P2rx7 points to interesting roles for this receptor in the regulation of bone formation and resorption, as well as the response of the skeleton to mechanical stimulation. This paper reviews recent work on the expression of P2X7 receptors in bone, their associated signal transduction mechanisms and roles in regulating bone formation and resorption. Areas for future research in this field are also discussed.
Grol
Matthew W
MW
CIHR Group in Skeletal Development and Remodeling, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Panupinthu
Nattapon
N
Korcok
Jasminka
J
Sims
Stephen M
SM
Dixon
S Jeffrey
SJ