title: Mining EEG-fMRI using independent component analysis.
abstract: Independent component analysis (ICA) is a multivariate approach that has become increasingly popular for analyzing brain imaging data. In contrast to the widely used general linear model (GLM) that requires the user to parameterize the brain's response to stimuli, ICA allows the researcher to explore the factors that constitute the data and alleviates the need for explicit spatial and temporal priors about the responses. In this paper, we introduce ICA for hemodynamic (fMRI) and electrophysiological (EEG) data processing, and one of the possible extensions to the population level that is available for both data types. We then selectively review some work employing ICA for the decomposition of EEG and fMRI data to facilitate the integration of the two modalities to provide an overview of what is available and for which purposes ICA has been used. An optimized method for symmetric EEG-fMRI decomposition is proposed and the outstanding challenges in multimodal integration are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, 5009 Bergen, Norway. tom.eichele@psybp.uib.no
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eichele
authors.forename: Vince D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Calhoun
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Debener
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D025341:Principal Component Analysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen