title: A single-staggered dose of calcineurin inhibitor may be associated with neurotoxicity and nephrotoxicity immediately after liver transplantation.
abstract: The aim of the present work was to assess the incidence of neuro-nephrotoxicity after a single-staggered dose of calcineurin inhibitors (CI) with different immunosuppressive approaches. From January to December 2006, all liver transplantation (LT) recipients at risk of renal or neurological complications treated with extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) + mycophenolate mofetil + steroids and staggered introduction of CI (ECP group) were compared with a historical control group on standard CI-based immunosuppression. The ECP group included 24 patients with a mean model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score of 19.9 +/- 11.1. The control group consisted of 18 patients with a mean MELD score of 12.5 +/- 5.2 (p = 0.012). In the ECP group CI were introduced at a mean of 9.2 +/- 6.2 d (4-31 d) after LT. Five patients in the ECP group presented acute neuro-nephrotoxicity after the first CI administration on post-transplant d 4, 5, 6, 6, and 14. Overall patient survival at one, six, and 12 months was 100%, 95.8%, and 95.8% in the ECP group vs. 94.4%, 77.7%, and 72.2% in the control group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, we showed that CI toxicity may occur after a single-staggered dose administration, ECP seems to be a valuable tool for managing CI-related morbidity regardless of the concomitant immunosuppressive regimen, being associated with a lower mortality rate in the early post-transplant course.
authors.affiliation: General Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Ospedale Cisanello, Pisa, Italy. l.urbani@ao-pisa.toscana.it
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Urbani
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazzoni
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bindi
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biancofiore
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bisà
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meacci
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mozzo
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colombatto
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bianco
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Grazzini
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coletti
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Simone
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Montin
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tincani
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Balzano
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petruccelli
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carrai
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tascini
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menichetti
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scatena
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Filipponi
mesh_terms: D019703:Calcineurin / Q000097:blood; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000628:therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000628:therapy; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017893:Photopheresis / Q000379:methods; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D019703:Calcineurin