Prevalence and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus in HIV-1 infection treated with combined antiretroviral therapy.
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in the treatment of HIV-1 infection confers significant survival benefit and, by immunoreconstitution, has altered the natural history of this life-threatening disease. Metabolic complications of cART include hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, and lipodystrophy, with resultant increases in risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. These diseases will present new challenges in the management of HIV infection. This article reviews the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its antecedents in HIV-infected patients treated with cART. It also reviews the current understanding of mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in cART considering insulin resistance and insulin secretion, both requisites for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Samaras
Katherine
K
Diabetes and Obesity Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia. k.samaras@garvan.org.au
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents