title: Electrophysiological study of the basal temporal language area: a convergence zone between language perception and production networks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Regions involved in language processing have been observed in the inferior part of the left temporal lobe. Although collectively labelled 'the Basal Temporal Language Area' (BTLA), these territories are functionally heterogeneous and are involved in language perception (i.e. reading or semantic task) or language production (speech arrest after stimulation). The objective of this study was to clarify the role of BTLA in the language network in an epileptic patient who displayed jargonaphasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intracerebral evoked related potentials to verbal and non-verbal stimuli in auditory and visual modalities were recorded from BTLA. Time-frequency analysis was performed during ictal events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evoked potentials and induced gamma-band activity provided direct evidence that BTLA is sensitive to language stimuli in both modalities, 350 ms after stimulation. In addition, spontaneous gamma-band discharges were recorded from this region during which we observed phonological jargon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings emphasize the multimodal nature of this region in speech perception. In the context of transient dysfunction, the patient's lexical semantic processing network is disrupted, reducing spoken output to meaningless phoneme combinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This rare opportunity to study the BTLA "in vivo" demonstrates its pivotal role in lexico-semantic processing for speech production and its multimodal nature in speech perception.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U751, Marseille 13000, France. agnes.trebuchon@univmed.fr
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trébuchon-Da Fonseca
authors.forename: Christian-G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Bénar
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bartoloméi
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Régis
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Démonet
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chauvel
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liégeois-Chauvel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D007807:Language Tests; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon