title: Tumors of the esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, and stomach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the incidence, risk factors, staging, and diagnosis of esophageal, gastroesophageal junction, and stomach cancers, as well as nursing challenges associated with managing patients with these tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published research reports, epidemiologic data, published patient management guidelines, and institution-based clinical tools.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While survival is slowly increasing, morbidity and mortality associated with upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers remain high. Research is needed to identify therapeutic approaches that will effectively decrease tumor burden and minimize physical consequences associated with disease and treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurses need to be familiar with risk factors, disease course, and future therapies of UGI cancers to provide education relevant to preventive approaches, assist patients with treatment decision-making, and manage disease and treatment-induced sequela. Early identification and management of postoperative complications and nutritional issues can avoid life-threatening effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA. margot.sweed@fccc.edu
authors.forename: Margot Roberts
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sweed
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Edmonson
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology