Inflammatory biomarkers, physical activity, waist circumference, and risk of future coronary heart disease in healthy men and women.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of physical activity and abdominal obesity to the variation in inflammatory biomarkers and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in a European population.


RESULTS
In a prospective case-control study nested in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Norfolk cohort, we examined the associations between circulating levels or activity of C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase (MPO), secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), fibrinogen, adiponectin, waist circumference, physical activity, and CHD risk over a 10-year period among healthy men and women (45-79 years of age). A total of 1002 cases who developed fatal or non-fatal CHD were matched to 1859 controls on the basis of age, sex, and enrolment period. Circulating levels of C-reactive protein, sPLA2 (women only), fibrinogen, and adiponectin were linearly associated with increasing waist circumference and decreasing physical activity levels. After adjusting for waist circumference, physical activity, smoking, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and further adjusted for hormone replacement therapy in women, C-reactive protein, MPO (men only), sPLA2, fibrinogen, but not Lp-PLA2 and adiponectin were associated with an increased CHD risk.


CONCLUSIONS
Inactive participants with an elevated waist circumference were characterized by deteriorated levels of inflammatory markers. However, several inflammatory markers were associated with an increased CHD risk, independent of underlying CHD risk factors such as waist circumference and physical activity levels.
Rana
Jamal S
JS
Division of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Arsenault
Benoit J
BJ
Després
Jean-Pierre
JP
Côté
Mélanie
M
Talmud
Philippa J
PJ
Ninio
Ewa
E
Wouter Jukema
J
J
Wareham
Nicholas J
NJ
Kastelein
John J P
JJ
Khaw
Kay-Tee
KT
Boekholdt
S Matthijs
SM
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D009195:Peroxidase; D054467:Phospholipases A2