title: Cereulide synthesis in emetic Bacillus cereus is controlled by the transition state regulator AbrB, but not by the virulence regulator PlcR.
abstract: Cereulide, a depsipeptide structurally related to the antibiotic valinomycin, is responsible for the emetic type of gastrointestinal disease caused by Bacillus cereus. Recently, it has been shown that cereulide is produced non-ribosomally by the plasmid-encoded peptide synthetase Ces. Using deletion mutants of the emetic reference strain B. cereus F4810/72, the influence of the well-known transcription factors PlcR, Spo0A and AbrB on cereulide production and on the transcription of the cereulide synthetase gene cluster was investigated. Our data demonstrate that cereulide synthesis is independent of the B. cereus specific virulence regulator PlcR but belongs to the Spo0A-AbrB regulon. Although cereulide production turned out to be independent of sporulation, it required the activity of the sporulation factor Spo0A. The sigma(A)-promoted transcription of spo0A was found to be crucial for cereulide production, while the sigma(H)-driven transcription of spo0A did not affect cereulide synthesis. Overexpression of the transition state factor AbrB in B. cereus F4810/72 resulted in a non-toxic phenotype. Moreover, AbrB was shown to bind efficiently to the main promoter region of the ces operon, indicating that AbrB acts as a repressor of cereulide production by negatively affecting ces transcription.
authors.affiliation: Microbial Ecology Group, Department of Biosciences, WZW, Technische Universität München, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Genia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lücking
authors.affiliation: Microbial Ecology Group, Department of Biosciences, WZW, Technische Universität München, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Monica K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Dommel
authors.affiliation: Microbial Ecology Group, Department of Biosciences, WZW, Technische Universität München, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.affiliation: Institut Pasteur, Unité Toxines et Pathogénie Bactérienne, CNRS URA 2172, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fouet
authors.affiliation: Food Microbiology Unit, Clinic for Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A-1210 Vienna, Austria.|Microbial Ecology Group, Department of Biosciences, WZW, Technische Universität München, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ehling-Schulz
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047630:Depsipeptides / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009876:Operon; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047630:Depsipeptides; C099480:PlcR protein, Bacillus; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C089294:cereulide