title: Cardiac fibroblasts regulate myocardial proliferation through beta1 integrin signaling.
abstract: Growth and expansion of ventricular chambers is essential during heart development and is achieved by proliferation of cardiac progenitors. Adult cardiomyocytes, by contrast, achieve growth through hypertrophy rather than hyperplasia. Although epicardial-derived signals may contribute to the proliferative process in myocytes, the factors and cell types responsible for development of the ventricular myocardial thickness are unclear. Using a coculture system, we found that embryonic cardiac fibroblasts induced proliferation of cardiomyocytes, in contrast to adult cardiac fibroblasts that promoted myocyte hypertrophy. We identified fibronectin, collagen, and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor as embryonic cardiac fibroblast-specific signals that collaboratively promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation in a paracrine fashion. Myocardial beta1-integrin was required for this proliferative response, and ventricular cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of beta1-integrin in mice resulted in reduced myocardial proliferation and impaired ventricular compaction. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized paracrine function of embryonic cardiac fibroblasts in regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, University of California, San Francisco, 94158, USA.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ieda
authors.forename: Takatoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuchihashi
authors.forename: Kathryn N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Ivey
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Ting-Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Robin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D000072576:Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000378:metabolism; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000072576:Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D019012:Integrin beta1; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C484469:Nkx2-5 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor