title: Structural elucidation and immuno-stimulating activity of an acidic heteropolysaccharide (TAPA1) from Tremella aurantialba.
abstract: A novel acidic heteropolysaccharide (TAPA1) was purified from hot water extracts of Tremella aurantialba fruiting bodies by DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-500 High-Resolution Chromatography. The heteropolysaccharide had a molecular weight of ca. 1.35x10(6)Da, and a carbohydrate content estimated to be approximately 98.7% by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. It was composed mainly of d-mannose, d-xylose, and d-glucuronic acid in the ratio of ca. 5:4:1, along with trace amounts of d-galacturonic acid and d-glucose. Monosaccharide compositional analysis and GC-MS of methylated derivatives, combined with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopies (including COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, and HMBC spectra), revealed TAPA1 to consist of an alpha-(1-->3)-linked mannopyranosyl backbone, partially substituted at position 4 with xylose side chains, and at position 2 with side chains composed of either xylose, mannose, and glucuronic acid or of xylose and mannose. Bioactivity testing showed that TAPA1 stimulated the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes in vitro.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, PR China.
authors.forename: XiuJu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: JingSong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: LiBin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: QingJiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: YanFang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ruixia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: ChunYu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: YingJie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides