title: Anaemia management with subcutaneous epoetin delta in patients with chronic kidney disease (predialysis, haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis): results of an open-label, 1-year study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anaemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and can be managed by therapy with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). Epoetin delta (DYNEPO, Shire plc) is the only epoetin produced in a human cell line. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of subcutaneously administered epoetin delta for the management of anaemia in CKD patients (predialysis, peritoneal dialysis or haemodialysis)
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a 1-year, multicentre, open-label study. Patients had previously received epoetin subcutaneously and were switched to epoetin delta at an identical dose to their previous therapy. Dose was titrated to maintain haemoglobin at 10.0-12.0 g/dL. The primary endpoint was mean haemoglobin over Weeks 12-24. Secondary analyses included long-term haemoglobin, haematocrit and dosing levels. Safety was assessed by monitoring adverse events, laboratory parameters and physical examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 478 patients received epoetin delta, forming the safety-evaluable population. Efficacy analyses were performed on data from 411 of these patients. Mean +/- SD haemoglobin over Weeks 12-24 was 11.3 +/- 1.1 g/dL. Mean +/- SD weekly dose over Weeks 12-24 was 84.4 +/- 72.7 IU/kg. Haemoglobin levels were maintained for the duration of the study. Epoetin delta was well tolerated, with adverse events occurring at rates expected for a CKD patient population; no patient developed anti-erythropoietin antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subcutaneously administered epoetin delta is an effective and well-tolerated agent for the management of anaemia in CKD patients, irrespective of dialysis status.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  http://www.controlled-trials.com ISRCTN68321818.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. ulrich.frei@charite.de.
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Frei
authors.forename: Jonathan T C
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: Bruce S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Spinowitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; C516023:epoetin delta