title: Hemostatic gene polymorphisms in severe acute pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Systemic inflammatory reaction in acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with activation of the coagulation system. The prothrombotic component of the coagulation system, which may promote microvascular thrombosis and vital organ injury, is strengthened by genetic factors such as polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation. This prompted us to study the occurrence of FVL and PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms in patients with AP.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case control association study included 397 patients with AP and 310 controls. Severe AP was determined according to the Atlanta Classification. Genotyping was performed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry-assisted genotyping method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor V Leiden was identified in 5 (3.3%) of 152 cases of severe AP and in 8 (3.3%) of 245 cases of mild AP. The prothrombotic PAI-1 4G allele frequency was 0.49 for patients with severe AP and 0.57 for patients with mild AP (P < 0.05). Patients with septic infectious complications (n = 47) and patients with organ failure (n = 55) had genotype distribution not different from those with mild, uncomplicated disease (n = 245).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results do not support the hypothesis that prothrombotic polymorphisms such as FVL mutation and PAI-1 4G/5G are associated with AP severity.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Eija
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tukiainen
authors.forename: Marja-Leena
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kylänpää
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Repo
authors.forename: Arto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orpana
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Methuen
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salaspuro
authors.forename: Esko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kemppainen
authors.forename: Pauli
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puolakkainen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005165:Factor V / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C095381:factor V Leiden; D005165:Factor V