title: Comparison of the effects of low-dose vs. high-dose aminophylline on lung function in experimental meconium aspiration syndrome.
abstract: Due to missing information on appropriate dosing of aminophylline in meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), this study compared effects of high-dose and low-dose aminophylline on lung function of animals with MAS. Meconium-instilled rabbits were treated by low-dose (LD, 1.0 mg/kg), or high-dose (HD, 2.0 mg/kg) aminophylline at 0.5 and 2.5 h after meconium instillation, or were left untreated. Within 5 h of oxygen ventilation, HD-aminophylline improved gas exchange, reduced pulmonary shunts and ventilatory pressures, and decreased edema formation and lung neutrophils. LD-aminophylline enhanced lung function to a lower extent than HD-aminophylline, and failed to reduce lung edema and the number of lung neutrophils. Both treatments decreased lung peroxidation, with a stronger effect of HD-aminophylline on lipid oxidation and of LD-aminophylline on protein oxidation. Tracheal reactivity to histamine decreased after HD-aminophylline, while lung tissue reactivity was more reduced after LD-aminophylline. Although LD-aminophylline showed some anti-inflammatory potential, HD-aminophylline improved most of the parameters more effectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Martin, Slovakia. mokra@jfmed.uniba.sk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mokra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Drgova
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mokry
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pullmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Redfors
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petraskova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calkovska
mesh_terms: D000628:Aminophylline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006632:Histamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008170:Lung Compliance / Q000502:physiology; D008471:Meconium Aspiration Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014132:Trachea / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D000628:Aminophylline; D006632:Histamine