Factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among men in Rakai, Uganda.
Little is known about risk factors for incident herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection among men in Africa. In a trial in Rakai, Uganda, 6396 men aged 15-49 years were evaluated for serological evidence of HSV-2, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis infections at enrollment and at 6, 12, and 24 months. The prevalence of HSV-2 infection was 33.76%, and the incidence was 4.90 cases per 100 person-years. HSV-2 incidence increased with alcohol use with sexual intercourse (adjusted incidence rate ratio [adjIRR], 1.92 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.46-2.53]), decreased with consistent condom use (adjIRR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.36-0.89]) and male circumcision (adjIRR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.55-0.91]), and was not significantly affected by enrollment HIV status. Education on modifiable behavioral changes may reduce the acquisition of HSV-2. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT00425984 and NCT00124878 .).
Tobian
Aaron A R
AA
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Maryland, USA. atobian1@jhmi.edu
Charvat
Blake
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Ssempijja
Victor
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Kigozi
Godfrey
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Serwadda
David
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Makumbi
Frederick
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Iga
Boaz
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Laeyendecker
Oliver
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Riedesel
Melissa
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Oliver
Amy
A
Chen
Michael Z
MZ
Reynolds
Steven J
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Wawer
Maria J
MJ
Gray
Ronald H
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Quinn
Thomas C
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D002944:Circumcision, Male; D017280:Condoms; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1; D015498:HIV-2; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult