title: Comparison of two dosing methods for induction of response and remission with oral budesonide in active pediatric Crohn's disease: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral budesonide has been found to be comparable to systemic corticosteroids in mild to moderately active Crohn's disease (CD). Remission rates in pediatric studies to date have been suboptimal (47%-55%), even though patients with colonic involvement were excluded in some studies. In addition, the optimal pediatric dosing regimen has never been evaluated before.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized, controlled, double-blind study in 70 children with mild or moderately active CD randomized to 1 of 2 groups: Group 1: Standard dose budesonide (9 mg/day) for 7 weeks followed by 6 mg budesonide daily for an additional 3 weeks. Group 2: Induction with 12 mg/day for the first month followed by the same regimen as Group 1. Outcome measures included a decrease in Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index and remission rates. Patients with colonic disease were not excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At week 7 a clinical response was obtained in 51.4% in Group 1 versus 74.3% in Group 2. A significant decrease in C-reactive protein was seen only in Group 2. At the end of treatment, remission was obtained in 42.9% in Group 1 versus 65.7% in Group 2 (P = 0.054). There was no significant difference in adverse events or serum cortisol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of an induction dose of budesonide followed by a budesonide taper resulted in a trend to higher rates of clinical remission and a decrease in inflammation, without an increase in steroid-associated side effects. Budesonide was also useful for patients with ileocolonic disease.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Wolfson Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. alevine@wolfson.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kori
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dinari
authors.forename: Efrat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Broide
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shaoul
authors.forename: Baruch
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yerushalmi
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: On
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bujanover
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pröls
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greinwald
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015415:Biomarkers; D019819:Budesonide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010919:Placebos; D012074:Remission Induction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D010919:Placebos; D019819:Budesonide