title: Combination antiretroviral therapy in population affected by conflict: outcomes from large cohort in northern Uganda.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the clinical and immunological outcomes of HIV positive adult patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in conflict affected northern Uganda.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gulu District, northern Uganda.
  
  
  METHODS
  1625 adults (aged over 14 years) receiving combination antiretroviral therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  all cause mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  impact of covariates (sex, age, CD4 count at start, adherence, tuberculosis at start, duration of treatment, and internally displaced person status) on mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty nine (4.2%) patients died during follow-up. The mortality incidence rate was 3.48 (95% confidence interval 2.66 to 4.31) per 100 person years. Patients started treatment with a median CD4 count of 157 (interquartile range 90-220) cells/mul; most (1009; 63%) had World Health Organization stage 2 defined illness. Sixty two patients had pulmonary tuberculosis at the start of treatment. Of the 1521 patients with adherence data, 118 (7.8%) had adherence of less than 95% and 1403 (92.2%) had adherence of 95% or above.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy in conflict affected northern Uganda had a mortality comparable to that of patients in peaceful, low income settings and better adherence than patients in higher income settings. These favourable findings highlight the need to expand access to combination antiretroviral therapy in populations affected by armed conflict.
authors.affiliation: The AIDS Support Organization (TASO), Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiboneka
authors.forename: Ricky Jones
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Nyatia
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nabiryo
authors.forename: Aranka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anema
authors.forename: Curtis L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Kimberly Ann
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Julio S G
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Montaner
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Mills
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D014857:Warfare