title: Triple combinations of lower and longer alkyl gallates and oxacillin improve antibiotic synergy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: Using liposome systems, we found that gallates with short alkyl chains were located in the external medium and those with longer alkyl chains were located in the surface region of lipid bilayer. Combinations of these gallates remarkably reduced oxacillin MICs against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus to below the antibiotic breakpoint (< or = 2 microg/ml).
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Medicine, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, 1-78 Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: M Anowar Khasru
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Parvez
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomoishi
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: Naokatu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arakaki
authors.forename: Tomihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higuti
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D008712:Methicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010068:Oxacillin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011435:Propyl Gallate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008081:Liposomes; C016627:octyl gallate; D005707:Gallic Acid; D011435:Propyl Gallate; D008712:Methicillin; D010068:Oxacillin