title: Demography and clinical course of ulcerative colitis in a multiracial Asian population: a nationwide study from Malaysia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the clinical course of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the Malaysian population, comparing the three major ethnic groups: Malay, Chinese and Indian.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who were diagnosed with UC from seven major medical referral centers in Malaysia were recruited. Their baseline characteristics, and the extent of the disease, its clinical course and complications were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 118 patients was included. The extent of disease was as follows: proctitis alone in 22 (18.6%), sigmoid colon in 23 (19.5%), descending colon in 16 (13.6%), transverse colon in 11 (9.3%), ascending colon and pancolitis 46 (39%). Most patients had chronic intermittent disease. Extra-intestinal complications were seen in 27 (22.9%) patients and fulminant colitis was seen in four (3.4%). None developed colorectal cancer. The overall cumulative colectomy rates at 1, 5 and 10 years were 3.4% (CI: 0.9-8.5), 5.9% (CI: 1.9-13.2) and 15.6% (CI: 6.5-29.4), respectively. There was a higher prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations and a trend towards more extensive disease among Indian patients. However, no significant differences were seen in the age of onset, the severity of disease (fulminant colitis, refractory disease) and the colectomy rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As in developed countries, most of our patients have a remitting and relapsing pattern of disease but the clinical course appears to be milder, with lower rates of colectomies. There are differences in clinical presentation among the three major ethnic groups, with Indians having a higher prevalence of extra-intestinal manifestations and a trend towards more extensive disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. i_hilmi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hilmi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ganesananthan
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yatim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radzi
authors.forename: A B S
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Goh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology; D003082:Colectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000601:surgery; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008296:Malaysia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult