title: Access to prescribing information for paediatric medicines in the USA: post-modernization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of the present study were to examine the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) for changes in the listing of medicines licensed for children in the USA over a 10-year period (1998-2007).
  
  
  METHODS
  The USA PDR was used to identify products listed in 1998, 2002 and 2007. Information about generic name (active agent), salt, strength, brand name, suitability of formulation, paediatric licensing information and the lowest age of licensing was extracted. Prescription products were collapsed down to chemical entities/fixed-dose combinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the prescription entities listed in the PDR, 538 (55.9%), 488 (54.3%) and 394 (51.3%) were licensed for children in 1998, 2002 and 2007, respectively. There was a 39% decrease in the number of entities licensed for the newborn and a 34% decrease for children aged 2-6 years between 1998 and 2007. Formulations suitable for children were listed for 611 (63.4%), 550 (61.2%) and 430 (60.6%), respectively. Prescription entities with both a suitable oral formulation and licensing for children numbered 161 (16.7%), 148 (16.5%) and 100 (14.1%) in 1998, 2002 and 2007, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The listings in the PDR suggest that overall access to prescribing information about drugs in the paediatric population has not shown an increase over the decade. This particularly affected the neonatal age group.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lawes
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tordoff
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reith
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004346:Drug Information Services / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007880:Legislation, Drug; D008004:Licensure / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D010372:Pediatrics; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D012013:Reference Books; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations