title: Rescuing Z+ agrin splicing in Nova null mice restores synapse formation and unmasks a physiologic defect in motor neuron firing.
abstract: Synapse formation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) requires an alternatively spliced variant of agrin (Z(+) agrin) that is produced only by neurons. Here, we show that Nova1 and Nova2, neuron-specific splicing factors identified as targets in autoimmune motor disease, are essential regulators of Z(+) agrin. Nova1/Nova2 double knockout mice are paralyzed and fail to cluster AChRs at the NMJ, and breeding them with transgenic mice constitutively expressing Z(+) agrin in motor neurons rescued AChR clustering. Surprisingly, however, these rescued mice remained paralyzed, while electrophysiologic studies demonstrated that the motor axon and synapse were functional-spontaneous and evoked recordings revealed synaptic transmission and muscle contraction. These results point to a proximal defect in motor neuron firing in the absence of Nova and reveal a previously unsuspected role for RNA regulation in the physiologic activation of motor neurons.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-Oncology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruggiu
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herbst
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jevsek
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fak
authors.forename: Mary Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fischbach
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Burden
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Darnell
mesh_terms: D018171:Agrin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016472:Motor Neuron Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090682:Neuro-Oncological Ventral Antigen; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018171:Agrin; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000090682:Neuro-Oncological Ventral Antigen; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins