title: Tube shunt complications and their prevention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) have been generally accepted as a treatment of refractory glaucoma. GDDs have their own unique set of complications that are important to evaluate to prevent them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tube shunts are typically used in eyes with refractory glaucoma. There is increased interest in studying the efficacy of GDDs. Most of the attention has been focused on comparing trabeculectomy with the Baerveldt implant (Advanced Medical Optics, Inc., Santa Anna, California, USA). The other leading implant is the Ahmed Glaucoma Valve. There are several retrospective studies comparing these two devices and a prospective study is ongoing. There is great interest in the complication rate of tube shunts and these have been published both retrospectively and prospectively. Complications such as hypotony, diplopia, strabismus, proptosis, tube erosion, failure, corneal decompensation, endophthalmitis, and visual loss are all important and some have recently been reviewed in the literature. Moreover, the use of glaucoma drainage implants in the pediatric population has been evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glaucoma drainage implants have been a powerful tool in our surgical fight to prevent blindness; however, they are not without complications or controversy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA. steven-sarkisian@dmei.org
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Sarkisian
mesh_terms: D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000601:surgery*; D020327:Glaucoma Drainage Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015814:Ocular Hypotension / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D014130:Trabeculectomy / Q000009:adverse effects