title: Ion-exchange resins as drug delivery carriers.
abstract: There are many reports in the literature referring to the utilization of drug bound to ion-exchange resin (drug-resinate), especially in the drug delivery area. Ion-exchange resin complexes, which can be prepared from both acidic and basic drugs, have been widely studied and marketed. Salts of cationic and anionic exchange resins are insoluble complexes in which drug release results from exchange of bound drug ions by ions normally present in body fluids. Resins used are polymers that contain appropriately substituted acidic groups, such as carboxylic and sulfonic for cation exchangers; or basic groups, such as quaternary ammonium group for anion exchangers. Variables relating to the resin are the exchange capacity; degree of cross-linking, which determines the permeability of the resin, its swelling potential, and the access of the exchange sites to the drug ion; the effective pK(a) of the exchanging group, which determines the exchange affinity; and the resin particle size, which controls accessibility to the exchange ions. In this review, the properties of ion-exchange resins, selection of drugs that lend themselves to such an approach, selection of the appropriate resin, preparation of drug-resinate, evaluation of drug release, recent developments of drug-resinates, and applications are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Huahai US Inc., 2002 Eastpark Blvd., Cranbury, New Jersey 08512, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaodi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Rong-Kun
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Munir A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hussain
mesh_terms: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins; D011108:Polymers