title: Relationship between nuclear sequestration of PLCzeta and termination of PLCzeta-induced Ca2+ oscillations in mouse eggs.
abstract: Phospholipase C-zeta (PLCzeta), a strong candidate of the egg-activating sperm factor, causes long-lasting series of Ca2+ spikes and thereby egg activation when expressed in mouse eggs by injection of cRNA. PLCzeta moves into the formed pronucleus (PN), and Ca2+ spikes disappear at PN stage. Relationship between nuclear transLocation of PLCzeta and cessation of Ca2+ oscillations was addressed using various concentrations of wild-type RNA and point mutant K377E RNA having the comparable expression efficiency. PLCzeta-induced Ca2+ spikes with 20-30 min intervals similar to those at fertilization ceased between 50 min before and 15 min after the time of complete PN formation (TPN) approximately 5 h after the first Ca2+ spike, whereas Ca2+ oscillations induced by K377E lacking nuclear translocation ability continued over 9 h. Formation of the nuclear envelope (NE) began 50-60 min before T(PN), visualized by labeling the endoplasmic reticulum network with fluorescent dye Dil and ER-targeting protein ER-DsRed2. PLCzeta entered the PN as soon as the NE was formed, and accumulated in enlarging PN. After in vitro fertilization as normal as possible, the last Ca2+ spike occurred between 25 min before and 35 min after initiation of NE formation in most cases. Thus, sequestration of PLCzeta into the PN participates in termination of Ca2+ oscillations at the interphase in the mouse 1-cell embryo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan. mito557@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Tomohide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shikano
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D050505:Mutant Proteins; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; C499234:Plcz1 protein, mouse; D002118:Calcium