title: Computed tomography-guided percutaneous cordotomy for intractable pain in malignancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pain, usually a response to tissue damage, is accepted as an unpleasant feeling generating a desire to escape from the causative stimulus. Although, in the early stages of malignant diseases, pain is seen in 5% to 10% of cases, this rate reaches nearly 90% in the terminal stage, and pain becomes a primary symptom. Cordotomy is one of the treatment choices in pain caused by malignancies localized unilaterally to the extremities as well as the thorax and the abdomen.
  
  
  METHODS
  The target of computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous cordotomy is the lateral spinothalamic tract located in the anterolateral region of the spinal cord at the C1-C2 level. Between 1987 and 2007, CT-guided percutaneous cordotomies were performed in 207 patients; most (193 patients) suffered from intractable pain related to malignancy. The patients' pain scores and Karnofsky Performance Scale scores were evaluated pre- and postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial success rate of CT-guided percutaneous cordotomy was 92.5%. The success rate was higher in the malignancy group. In the cancer group, selective cordotomy (pain sensation denervated only in the painful region of the body) was achieved in 83%. In 12 cases, bilateral selective percutaneous cordotomy was successfully applied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the treatment of intractable pain, CT-guided cordotomy is an option in specially selected cases with malignancy. In this study, anatomic and technical details of the procedure and the experience gained from treating 207 patients over a 20-year period are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yucel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanpolat
authors.forename: Hasan Caglar
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ugur
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ayten
authors.forename: Atilla Halil
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Elhan
mesh_terms: D002818:Cordotomy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D017567:Karnofsky Performance Status; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010148:Intractable Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013133:Spinothalamic Tracts / Q000601:surgery; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed