title: Managing childhood asthma: challenge of preventing exacerbations.
abstract: Acute episodes of airway obstruction followed by periods of apparent wellness are the main clinical manifestations of the disease for many children with persistent asthma. Although currently available asthma controllers decrease the risk for acute asthma exacerbations, 30% of children taking these medicines still have >or=1 episode requiring oral corticosteroid treatment per year. There is increasing evidence that neutrophilic inflammation, against which inhaled corticosteroids are not very effective, plays a major role in the pathogenesis of asthma exacerbations. New therapeutic approaches are needed for this frequent cause of consultation in pediatric practice. One approach could be the development of drugs that target neutrophilic inflammation specifically. Studies in adults have shown that use of inhaled corticosteroids every time a bronchodilator is needed may decrease the frequency of asthma exacerbations. This strategy is currently being tested in a large clinical trial involving children with mild persistent asthma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. fernando@arc.arizona.edu
authors.forename: Fernando D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019468:Disease Management; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000276:immunology; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000503:physiopathology; D012229:Rhinovirus; D013183:Sputum / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists