title: Intractable ascites without mechanical vascular obstruction after orthotopic liver transplantation: etiology and clinical outcome of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome.
abstract: Intractable ascites after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is a relatively rare complication. However, it often takes a life threatening course, which requires re-transplantation. In previous studies, several reports gave hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) as one of the causes of refractory ascites. However, the detailed etiology of SOS after OLT and its association with clinical consequences remain unclear because there have been few studies to date. We report two recent cases with rapidly progressive refractory ascites associated with SOS, following completely different clinical courses. In case 1, the first episode of acute allograft rejection triggered SOS and subsequent intractable ascites, while the second acute rejection worsened his clinical status. A transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt (TIPS) was placed and this procedure resulted in complete disappearance of ascites and of renal dysfunction. In contrast, refractory ascites in case 2, who had neither rejection nor mechanical outlet obstruction, worsened despite TIPS stent placement, and re-transplantation was necessary. We speculate that the pre-existing diseased liver of the cadaver donor caused this serious complication, necessitating a second graft.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive, and Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Liver Transplantation Unit, Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, Paris, France kmkktjm@aol.com
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Vaillant
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Charlotte
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eyraud
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hannoun
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001201:Ascites / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000150:complications*; D006504:Hepatic Veno-Occlusive Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019168:Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic; D016896:Treatment Outcome