title: A multi-gene analysis strategy identifies metabolic pathways targeted by trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid in the liver of hamsters.
abstract: In mice, hepatic functions can be greatly affected by dietary trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). However, this phenomenon has been less documented in hamsters. In the present study, male hamsters were fed two doses of the trans-10, cis-12-CLA (0.5 and 1%, w/w diet) or linoleic acid (0.5%) for 6 weeks. The effects on the liver were examined by measuring the expression of thirty-six genes representing key metabolic pathways. CLA-responsive genes and their relationships with physiological outcomes were examined by a multivariate analysis procedure. Compared with control hamsters, those receiving either 0.5 or 1% CLA exhibited similar fat loss (15-24%; P < or = 0.05) and liver enlargement (21-28%; P < or = 0.05), with no signs of steatosis. We also observed a dose-dependent increase in the transcription of genes involved in lipid breakdown and lipid harvesting from blood, and in genes related to the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. These responsive genes varied in parallel with cell membrane lipids (R2 0.31-0.42) and to a lesser extent with liver enlargement (R2 0.22) (all P < 0.05). We conclude that in hamsters, liver enlargement induced by trans-10, cis-12-CLA is accompanied by an increased metabolic potential to process fatty acids from mobilised adipose stores. This elevated metabolic activity, comprised of anabolic pathways and their catabolic counterparts, can trigger inflammation and the oxidant stress defence pathways in a dose-dependent manner. These results provide novel insights into the mechanisms by which trans-10, cis-12-CLA affects pathways related to liver function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, Vitoria E-01006, Spain.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: María P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Portillo
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Margotat
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Landrier
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Macarulla
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lairon
authors.forename: Jean-Charles
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D004032:Diet; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D011897:Random Allocation; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D014280:Triglycerides; C496197:trans-10,cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid; D002784:Cholesterol