title: Combined pharmacological and short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for probable medication overuse headache: a pilot study.
abstract: We studied the effects of short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) and pharmacological therapy in 26 consecutive patients with probable medication overuse headache (pMOH). Patients underwent a standard in-patient detoxification protocol, lasting a mean of 7 days. Eleven patients overused non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), five a combination of NSAIDs and triptans, four triptans, four a combination of NSAIDs, and three triptans and ergot derivates. Preventive therapy was initiated during detoxification. The STPP protocol comprised the Brief Psychodynamic Investigation (BPI) and psychoanalysis-inspired psychotherapy. All patients (groups A and B) underwent the BPI and pharmacological therapy. Half of the patients (group B) also not randomly underwent psychoanalysis-inspired psychotherapy. We found a significant interaction between time and group for headache frequency and medication intake. At 12-month follow-up, a statistically greater decrease in headache frequency and medication intake was observed in group B than in group A (P = 0.0108 and P = 0.0097, respectively). The relapse rate was much lower in group B patients at both 6 and 12 months [15.3%, odds ratio (OR) 0.11, P = 0.016, and 23%, OR 0.18, P = 0.047, respectively] than in group A. The risk of developing chronic migraine (CM) during follow-up was higher in group A than in group B at 6 (OR 2.0, P = 0.047) and 12 months (OR 2.75, P = 0.005). Our study suggests that STPP in conjunction with drug withdrawal and prophylactic pharmacotherapy relieves headache symptoms in pMOH, reducing both long-term relapses and the burden of CM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. marta.altieri@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altieri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Giambattista
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Clemente
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fagiolo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tarolla
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mercurio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vicenzini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tarsitani
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Lenzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Biondi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Piero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D051271:Headache Disorders, Secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic