title: Sjögren's syndrome: an old tale with a new twist.
abstract: Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) is chronic autoimmune disease manifested by the loss of saliva and/or tear secretion by salivary and/or lacrimal glands, respectively. The pathogenesis of the disease remains elusive, perhaps due to the multiple triggers of the disease. However, substantial advances have been made in attempting to resolve the complexity of SjS using both animal models and human subjects. The primary objectives of this review are to provide a better understanding of the disease processes with major emphasis on the use of mouse models, how genetic predisposition plays a role in the natural history of the disease, as well as a presentation of new findings pertaining to the role of T(H)1, T(H)2, and T(H)17 cells in the pathogenesis of SjS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, PO Box 100424, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
authors.forename: Byung Ha
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mauro A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tudares
authors.forename: Cuong Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000502:physiology; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D020297:Mice, Congenic; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018448:Models, Immunological; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D016207:Cytokines; C491899:Fas protein, mouse; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D007378:Interleukins; D019014:fas Receptor