title: Canal wall cholesteatoma following canalplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bony canalplasty is a common otological procedure performed to widen a narrow ear canal. The aim of this report is to describe two unusual patients who presented with a canal wall cholesteatoma many years after bony canalplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients, aged 28 and 52 years, are presented. Both underwent canalplasty, 14 and 17 years before re-presenting with cholesteatoma evident through posterior canal wall defects. Both patients underwent exploration of the mastoid cavities and cartilage reconstruction of the canal walls. There was no recurrence at 24 and three month follow-up examinations (variously), hearing was preserved in both cases, and the patients suffered no early complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most frequent long-term complication of canalplasty is re-stenosis of the external auditory canal. The importance of sealing any inadvertently opened mastoid air cells, in order to avoid the late complication reported, is emphasised.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinez Del Pero
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Antoun
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Axon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002781:Cholesteatoma / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D004424:Ear Canal / Q000601:surgery*; D004427:Ear Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013506:Otologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome