title: Knockdown of Ron kinase inhibits mutant phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and reduces metastasis in human colon carcinoma.
abstract: Abnormal accumulation and activation of receptor tyrosine kinase Ron (recepteur d'origine nantais) has been demonstrated in a variety of primary human cancers. We show that RNA interference-mediated knockdown of Ron kinase in a highly tumorigenic colon cancer cell line led to reduced proliferation as compared with the control cells. Decreased Ron expression sensitized HCT116 cells to growth factor deprivation stress-induced apoptosis as reflected by increased DNA fragmentation and caspase 3 activation. In addition, cell motility was decreased in Ron knockdown cells as measured by wound healing assays and transwell assays. HCT116 cells are heterozygous for gain of function mutant PIK3CA H1047R. Analysis of signaling proteins that are affected by Ron knockdown revealed that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activity of the mutant PI3K as well as AKT phosphorylation was substantially reduced in the Ron knockdown cells compared with the control cells. Moreover, we demonstrated in vivo that knockdown of Ron expression significantly reduced lung metastasis as compared with the control cells in the orthotopic models. In summary, our results demonstrate that Ron plays an essential role in maintaining malignant phenotypes of colon cancer cells through regulating mutant PI3K activity. Therefore, targeting Ron kinase could be a potential strategy for colon cancer treatment, especially in patients bearing gain of function mutant PI3K activity.
authors.affiliation: University of Nebraska Medical Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA. jjwang@unmc.edu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ashwani
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rajput
authors.forename: Julie L C
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Xiao-Qiong
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuropatwinski
authors.forename: Jennie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beko
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dominquez
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Sharratt
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brattain
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Levea
authors.forename: Feng-Lei
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Keane
authors.forename: Neil W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Brattain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C080835:RON protein