Spinal teratomas: a clinico-pathological study of 27 patients.
BACKGROUND
Spinal cord teratomas are uncommon tumours. The diagnosis is rarely suspected before surgery and final diagnosis is invariably made at histopathological examination.


METHODS
We retrospectively analysed our neuropathology records for the last 20 years and all patients diagnosed as spinal teratomas were retrieved. The clinical and radiological features were noted. Slides were reviewed and the diagnosis was confirmed.


RESULTS
During a period of 20 years, we found 27 examples of spinal teratomas. There was a wide age range and 37.3% presented in adulthood. Male predominance was observed both in children as well as adults. The dorso-lumbar location was common in children as well as in adults but an intramedullary location, in association with a myelomeningocele and split cord malformation, was more common in children. Twenty one patients had associated features of spinal dysraphism. Of the six who were not associated with this, five were adult patients. Radiologically mixed solid and cystic morphology, fat signal and areas of calcification were seen in one third of patients. All tumours except one showed benign (mature) components. Interestingly, two lesions contained mature renal tissue: one exhibited pulmonary differentiation and one had Wilm's tumour as a component of the teratoma. In five patients the initial sections showed epidermis with skin adenexal structures and a diagnosis of dermoid cyst was suspected but serial sectioning revealed other teratomatous components. All patients were treated with surgical excision.


CONCLUSIONS
Although there are no specific features on imaging, mixed solid and cystic morphology, fat signal and areas of calcification are helpful in the pre-operative diagnosis. Most of these lesions are diagnosed on histopathological examination after surgery and therefore thorough sampling and serial sectioning are mandatory to identify all components of the teratoma in order to avoid misdiagnosis.
Sharma
Mehar Chand
MC
Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India. sharmamehar@yahoo.co.in
Jain
Deepali
D
Sarkar
Chitra
C
Suri
Vaishali
V
Garg
Ajay
A
Singh
Manmohan
M
Mahapatra
Ashok Kumar
AK
Sharma
Bhawani Shankar
BS
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008068:Lipomatosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013131:Spine / Q000473:pathology; D013724:Teratoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult