title: Dynamic corticospinal white matter connectivity changes during stroke recovery: a diffusion tensor probabilistic tractography study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate corticospinal tract connectivity changes at the cortical surface using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography during recovery from stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from 10 stroke patients (four subcortical) and six elderly controls, we developed an automated method to quantify altered motor connectivity that involves the use of a simplified cortical surface model as a seed mask with target regions defined within the corticospinal tracts to initiate a probabilistic tractography algorithm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no change in volume overlap of the generated corticospinal tracts in the stroke patients compared to controls, but significant connectivity changes at the boundary of the simplified cortical surface mask, especially within the ipsilesional hemisphere of stroke patients over time. Using the cortical regions with significantly enhanced connectivity as a seed mask on the patient data, tracts that are directly associated with stroke recovery can be delineated. Measures of uncertainty in fiber orientation within these fiber tracts significantly correlated with functional outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel findings from this study highlight the usefulness of this methodology to study white matter repair/reorganization during stroke recovery.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Magnetic Resonance, University of Queensland, and Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pannek
authors.forename: Jonathan B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Chalk
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Finnigan
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D009431:Neural Conduction; D011712:Pyramidal Tracts / Q000473:pathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*