title: Generation of hydrogen from polyvinyl chloride by milling and heating with CaO and Ni(OH)2.
abstract: This work discusses an alternative process option for the treatment of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by producing hydrogen (H(2)) gas, at the same time fixing chlorine for proper environmental control. In the first-stage, a milling operation is performed in a planetary ball mill to obtain a mixture of PVC sample with CaO and Ni(OH)(2) to be used as feed in the second-step, involving heating of the milled product. Analyses by thermogravimetry-mass spectroscopy (TG-MS) and gas chromatography (GC) showed H(2), CH(4), CO and CO(2) as main constituents. The results clearly show that addition of Ni(OH)(2) to provide nickel as catalyst and CaO as adsorbent to fix CO(2) and HCl gases generated during heating, assisted in clean H(2) generation with concentration near 90% at temperatures between 450 and 550 degrees C. Analyses of solids after heating by X-ray diffraction and TG-DTA techniques showed both CaOHCl and CaCO(3) as main phases in the product. This process could be developed to treat PVC wastes together with other polymers and/or plastic wastes for production of H(2) gas.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata-Gakuen cho, Akita, Japan. wtongamp@gipc.akita-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tongamp
authors.forename: Qiwu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Miyagi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shoko
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D006878:Hydroxides; D010087:Oxides; C037473:nickel hydroxide; D009532:Nickel; D006859:Hydrogen; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; C016538:lime