title: Medical admission order sets to improve deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis rates and other outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The value of order sets for clinical decision support has not been established.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether introduction of admission order sets increases the proportion of inpatients receiving deep venous thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before-after study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  General medical patients admitted to hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paper-based admission order sets (instead of free-text orders) for voluntary use by internists, without any education or behavior change interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary outcome was proportion of medical admissions ordered DVT prophylaxis. Secondary outcomes included overall utilization of DVT prophylaxis in medical inpatients and other admission order care quality measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prior to introduction of order sets, DVT prophylaxis was ordered in 10.9% of patients. Patients admitted with order sets were more likely to be ordered DVT prophylaxis than patients admitted with free-text orders (44.0% versus 20.6%, by months 14 and 15, P<0.0001). Hospital-wide DVT prophylaxis in medical inpatients increased from 12.8% to 25.8% of patient-days (P<0.0001). Order set use improved many other secondary outcomes (P<0.05 for all), including allied health consultations (62.8% versus 12.7%), use of standardized diabetic diet (17.0% versus 5.1%), insulin sliding scale (19.1% versus 7.6%), potassium replacement protocol (63.8% versus 0.51%), documentation of allergies (54.3% versus 9.6%) and resuscitation status (57.4% versus 10.2%), and reduced orders for inappropriate laboratory tests such as blood urea nitrogen (39.4% versus 59.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The broad impact of order sets and minimal organizational resources required for their implementation suggests that order sets may have wide applicability as a clinical decision support tool.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Trillium Health Centre, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Neill K J
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.forename: Katharine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: DeCaire
authors.forename: Jan O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Friedrich
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000368:Aged; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D020000:Decision Support Systems, Clinical; D017723:Drug Utilization Review; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006764:Hospitals, Community / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D008485:Medical Audit; D050316:Medical Order Entry Systems; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D010343:Patient Admission; D011292:Premedication / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055656:Prescriptions; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D053828:Stockings, Compression / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D006493:Heparin