title: The anti-inflammatory effect of subconjunctival bevacizumab on chemically burned rat corneas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of bevacizumab in a model of corneal inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Epithelium from the cornea and limbus was completely removed using 100% alcohol in rats. Bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml) or normal saline was subconjunctivally injected. One week later, corneas were examined and subjected to hematoxylin-eosin and immunofluorescent staining for VEGF. Expression of IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-6, and TGF-beta 1 were analyzed by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bevacizumab showed a borderline reduction in corneal neovascularization (11.0 +/- 4.8% and 18.0 +/- 10.0% in the bevacizumab and control groups, respectively; p = 0.054), while the extent of epithelialization was not affected (5.0 +/- 3.4% and 6.1 +/- 5.2% in the bevacizumab and control groups, respectively; p = 0.715). The infiltration of inflammatory cells was reduced (99.3 +/- 22.3 cells/x 400 in the bevacizumab-injected corneas and 182.3 +/- 58.0 cells/x 400 in the controls; p = 0.013). The levels of IL-2, IFN-gamma, and IL-6 were decreased in the rats with the bevacizumab injections (44 +/- 6 and 79 +/- 9 pg/ml for IL-2 in the bevacizumab-injected group and control, respectively, p = 0.025; 45 +/- 5 and 67 +/- 6 pg/ml for IFN-gamma in the bevacizumab-injected group and controls, respectively, p = 0.043; 45 +/- 6 and 75 +/- 8 pg/ml for IL-6 in the bevacizumab-injected group and controls, respectively, p = 0.030).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bevacizumab showed a reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokines in chemically burned rat corneas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Joo Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Mee Kum
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hyun Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin Hak
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Won Ryang
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Wee
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003228:Conjunctiva; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D016510:Corneal Neovascularization / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity; D005126:Eye Burns / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D012997:Solvents / Q000633:toxicity; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D012997:Solvents; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000431:Ethanol