title: Antenatal hydronephrosis.
abstract: The diagnosis, workup, and management of prenatal hydronephrosis have undergone a swing from preemptive surgical treatment to a more conservative approach as the natural history of the differential diagnoses becomes more appreciated. We examine different radiologic tests for determining the diagnoses associated with antenatal hydronephrosis. A review of the more common differential diagnoses of prenatal hydronephrosis and current treatment options for ureteropelvic junction obstruction, vesicoureteral reflux, ureteroceles, ectopic ureters, and megaureters is undertaken.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kitchens
authors.forename: C D Anthony
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Herndon
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000628:therapy; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy