title: Exploring the nature of stigmatising beliefs about depression and help-seeking: implications for reducing stigma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In-depth and structured evaluation of the stigma associated with depression has been lacking. This study aimed to inform the design of interventions to reduce stigma by systematically investigating community perceptions of beliefs about depression according to theorised dimensional components of stigma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focus group discussions were held with a total of 23 adults with personal experience of depression. The discussions were taped, transcribed and thematically analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants typically reported experiencing considerable stigma, particularly that others believe depressed people are responsible for their own condition, are undesirable to be around, and may be a threat. Participants expressed particular concerns about help-seeking in the workplace and from mental health professionals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings indicate that interventions to reduce the stigma of depression should target attributions of blame; reduce avoidance of depressed people; label depression as a 'health condition' rather than 'mental illness'; and improve responses of help-sources (i.e. via informing professionals of client fears).
authors.affiliation: Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia. lisa.barney@anu.edu.au
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Barney
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Anthony F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Jorm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003469:Culture; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology*; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013240:Stereotyping; D014739:Victoria; D055815:Young Adult