title: Distribution of pyrethroid and DDT resistance and the L1014F kdr mutation in Anopheles gambiae s.l. from Burkina Faso (West Africa).
abstract: This study reports on the distribution of pyrethroid and DDT resistance and the L1014F knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations from 21 localities in three different climatic zones of Burkina Faso from August to October 2006. The susceptibility of these populations was assessed by bioassay using DDT (4%), permethrin (1%) and deltamethrin (0.05%). Anophelesgambiae were resistant to both permethrin and DDT in the Sudanian regions but were susceptible in the central and sahelian areas and susceptible to deltamethrin at all sites except Orodara, although mortality values in some populations were close to the resistance threshold. The kdr frequency varied from 0.4 to 0.97 in populations from the Sudanian region and was lower in populations from the Sudano-sahelian and sahelian areas (0.047 to 0.54). Compared to the last survey of kdr in An. gambiae populations conducted in 2000, the kdr frequency did not differ in the S form but had increased in the M form (0.6), with an extended distribution into the Sudano-sahelian region. The frequency of kdr was also found to have increased in An. arabiensis populations (0.28), where it was formerly reported in only a single specimen. These results have practical significance for malaria vector control programs.
authors.affiliation: Insitut de Recherche en Science de la Santé (IRSS)/Centre Muraz, BP 390, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. dabire_roch@hotmail.com
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Dabiré
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diabaté
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Namountougou
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Toé
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ouari
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kengne
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bass
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baldet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D002050:Burkina Faso; D003634:DDT / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009032:Mosquito Control; D057147:Mosquito Nets; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D003634:DDT