title: Terlipressin, a provasopressin drug exhibits direct vasoconstrictor properties: consequences on heart perfusion and performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Terlipressin has been proposed as an alternative treatment to catecholamines to restore blood pressure in septic shock. Terlipressin is considered as a vasopressin prodrug capable of releasing small but sustained amounts of [Lysine] vasopressin (LVP) and to provide prolonged biological effect. However, terlipressin may act as a direct vasopressor beyond its conversion into LVP. We investigated terlipressin direct vasoconstrictive properties and consequences on myocardial perfusion and performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  National Research Institute Laboratories.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat aorta and heart, human uterine artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies of vasoconstriction on isolated vascular rings obtained either from rat aorta or human uterine artery, and of coronary flow, ventricular performance, and heart rhythm on rat hearts using a modified Langendorff heart apparatus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Terlipressin induced a rapid, saturable, and dose-dependent contraction of rat aortas and human uterine arteries. Although the maximal terlipressin-induced vasoconstriction observed on rat arteries was weaker than LVP, or arginine-vasopressin, pharmacologic properties on human arteries, such as full agonism and strong maximal effect (900% of the maximal response obtained with phenylephrine), suggest a high potential of terlipressin to directly vasoconstrict human vessels. Similarly, terlipressin induced a saturable and dose-dependent vasoconstriction of coronary arteries that was reversible and antagonized by selective V1a antagonists. Maximum rates of left ventricle pressure rise (dP/dtmax) and fall (dP/dtmin) decreased both only in proportion to the decrease in coronary flow.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Besides long lasting effect through slow conversion into LVP, terlipressin is a fast acting vasopressor peptide per se that has an impact on coronary circulation and myocardial function.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Endocrinologie, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ryckwaert
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Virsolvy
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fort
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murat
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guillon
authors.forename: Pascal H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Colson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D008236:Lypressin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077585:Terlipressin; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008236:Lypressin; D000077585:Terlipressin