[Presence of urban rabies in Zulia State, Venezuela. Years 1996-2006].
Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease and in Zulia State, it constitutes a public health problem of a high social impact, due to the report of cases in human beings. In this study, the presence of urban rabies was determined in Zulia's State and its distribution was identified according to municipalities and affected species during 1996-2006. In the scope of a descriptive study, a documented revision of Zulia's State Zoonosis Regional Coordination registries for the period in study was carried out. A total occurrence of 1.033 rabies cases was observed, 1.017 were in animals and 16 in human beings. The biggest incidences were for Maracaibo (31.40%) and San Francisco (15.68%) municipalities. The type of predominant rabies was the urban one; the principal reservoir and transmitter was the canine one (91.60%). Of the reported cases in human beings, the biggest incidence was in in Maracaibo Municipality (37.5%) and the most affected age group was <15 years (81.2%). A low percentage in the coverage of vaccination was presented (33%). A high incidence of rabies is demonstrated in Zulia's State in spite of this being a preventable immune disease. A positive correlation was determined between the number of admissions and cases (rs=0.948 P<0.01). It is necessary to implement an effective control of the sources of infection and to support a minimal coverage of vaccination of 80% in canines and furthermore, to implement community education programs, to diminish the risk of infection and the occurrence of cases.
Fuentes
Belkis
B
Departamento de Salud Pública y Social, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Universidad del Zulia, Venezuela. belkisfm4@hotmail.com
Panunzio
Amelia
A
Larreal
Yraima
Y
Leal
Jenith
J
Villarroel
Francis
F
Parra
Irene
I
Velasco
Doris
D
Prieto
Yelitza
Y
D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011818:Rabies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014687:Venezuela / Q000453:epidemiology