title: Monoallelic gene expression in mammals.
abstract: Three systems of monoallelic gene expression in mammals are known, namely, X-chromosome inactivation, imprinting, and allelic exclusion. In all three systems, monoallelic expression is regulated epigenetically and is frequently directed by long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). This review briefs all three systems of monoallelic gene expression in mammals focusing on chromatin modifications, spatial chromosome organization in the nucleus, and the functioning of ncRNAs.
authors.affiliation: Siberian Department, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
authors.forename: Irina S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Zakharova
authors.forename: Alexander I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Shevchenko
authors.forename: Suren M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Zakian
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000502:physiology; D018392:Genomic Imprinting / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D034622:RNA Interference / Q000502:physiology; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics*; D049951:X Chromosome Inactivation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D022661:RNA, Untranslated