Effect of a low dose of dietary resveratrol on colon microbiota, inflammation and tissue damage in a DSS-induced colitis rat model.
The naturally occurring polyphenol resveratrol has been acknowledged with health-beneficial properties. Most of the studies dealing with its in vivo effects assay huge doses, not representative from a dietary point of view. Our aim was to ascertain whether resveratrol can exert anti-inflammatory activity in vivo at an attainable dietary dose. Rats were fed with 1 mg of resveratrol/kg/day (a human equivalent dose) for 25 days, and in the last 5 days, 5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was administered to induce colitis. Effects on colon tissue damage, gut microbiota, reactive oxygen species, inflammatory markers and nitric oxide production as well as gene expression profile with microarrays were evaluated. Resveratrol increased lactobacilli and bifidobacteria as well as diminished the increase of enterobacteria upon DSS treatment. Resveratrol significantly protected the colonic mucosa architecture, reduced body weight loss, diminished the induced anemia and reduced systemic inflammation markers, colonic mucosa prostaglandin E(2), cycloxygenase-2, prostaglandin E synthase and nitric oxide levels. In addition, the expression of 2,655 genes in distal colon mucosa related to important pathways was varied. These results reinforce the concept of resveratrol as a dietary beneficial compound in intestinal inflammation at doses possibly attainable with resveratrol-enriched nutraceuticals.
Larrosa
Mar
M
Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Yañéz-Gascón
María Josefa
MJ
Selma
María Victoria
MV
González-Sarrías
Antonio
A
Toti
Simona
S
Cerón
José Joaquín
JJ
Tomás-Barberán
Francisco
F
Dolara
Piero
P
Espín
Juan Carlos
JC
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D004032:Diet; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D013267:Stilbenes; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D000077185:Resveratrol