title: Studies of CTNNBL1 and FDFT1 variants and measures of obesity: analyses of quantitative traits and case-control studies in 18,014 Danes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A genome-wide scan in unrelated US Caucasians identified rs7001819 upstream of farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1) and multiple variants within catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta-like 1 (CTNNBL1) to associate strongly with body mass index (BMI). The most significantly associating variants within CTNNBL1 including rs6013029 and rs6020846 were additionally confirmed to associate with morbid obesity in a French Caucasian case-control sample. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of these three variants on obesity, through analyses of obesity-related quantitative traits, and case-control studies in large study samples of Danes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The FDFT1 rs7001819, CTNNBL1 rs6013029 and rs6020846 were genotyped, using TaqMan allelic discrimination, in a combined study sample comprising 18,014 participants ascertained from; the population-based Inter99 cohort (n = 6,514), the ADDITION Denmark screening study cohort (n = 8,662), and a population-based sample (n = 680) and a type 2 diabetic patients group (n = 2,158) from Steno Diabetes Center.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both CTNNBL1 variants associated with body weight and height with per allele effect sizes of 1.0 [0.3-0.8] kg and 0.6 [0.2-0.9] cm, respectively, for the rs6020846 G-allele. No association was observed with BMI and waist circumference. In case-control studies neither of the CTNNBL1 variants showed association with overweight, obesity or morbid obesity (rs6013029: Odds Ratio (OR)(overweight) = 1.02 [0.90-1.16], OR(obesity) = 1.09 [0.95-1.25], OR(morbidobesity) = 1.26 [0.91-1.74]; rs6020846: OR(overweight) = 1.05 [0.93-1.18], OR(obesity) = 1.13 [1.00-1.28], OR(morbidobesity) = 1.17 [0.86-1.61]). However, in meta-analyses of the present and the previous study, both the rs6013029 T-allele and the rs6020846 G-allele increased the risk of developing morbid obesity (rs6013029: OR(combined) = 1.36 [1.12-1.64], p = 0.002; rs6020846: OR(combined) = 1.26 [1.06-1.51], p = 0.01), and obesity (rs6013029: OR(combined) = 1.17 [1.04-1.31], p = 0.007; rs6020846: OR(combined) = 1.17 [1.05-1.30], p = 0.004). The FDFT1 rs7001819 C-allele showed no association with obesity-related quantitative measures or dichotomous measures of overweight, obesity and morbid obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CTNNBL1 variants associated with body weight and height, and confer the risk of developing obesity in meta-analyses combining the present and a previous study. FDFT1 rs7001819 showed no association with obesity, neither when analysing quantitative traits nor when performing case-control studies of obesity.
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark. cila@novonordisk.com
authors.forename: Camilla Helene
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Andreasen
authors.forename: Mette Sloth
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mogensen
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Borch-Johnsen
authors.forename: Annelli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandbaek
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lauritzen
authors.forename: Katrine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Almind
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Torben
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: Oluf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Torben
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003718:Denmark; D013186:Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D019655:Quantitative Trait, Heritable
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C479429:CTNNBL1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D013186:Farnesyl-Diphosphate Farnesyltransferase