title: Current treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with gastroparesis: antiemetics, prokinetics, tricyclics.
abstract: Gastroparesis is a symptomatic chronic disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying without a mechanical obstruction. Gastroparesis is most often associated with diabetes, gastric surgery, and systemic disorders affecting the neuromuscular control of the stomach. However, no underlying etiology can be found in up to 40% of patients, a condition referred to as idiopathic gastroparesis. Due to the numerous potential etiologies and the highly variable clinical manifestations, the management of gastroparesis is particularly challenging. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the use of antiemetics, prokinetics, and tricyclics for the treatment for nausea and vomiting associated with gastroparesis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 550 S Jackson Street, ACB 3rd floor, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wo
mesh_terms: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018589:Gastroparesis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D009037:Motilin / Q000819:agonists; D009325:Nausea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D014839:Vomiting / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D000932:Antiemetics; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D009037:Motilin