title: Mother-infant vagal regulation in the face-to-face still-face paradigm is moderated by maternal sensitivity.
abstract: Parents' physiological regulation may support infants' regulation. Mothers (N= 152) and 6-month-old male and female infants were observed in normal and disrupted social interaction. Affect was coded at 1-s intervals and vagal tone measured as respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). Maternal sensitivity was assessed in free play. Mothers and infants showed opposite patterns of RSA change. During disrupted interaction, mothers' RSA increased and infants' decreased, suggesting self-regulation of distress. During reunion, although the typical pattern was for infants to return to baseline levels, infants of sensitive mothers and sensitive mothers both showed a significant decrease in RSA from baseline. Mothers' and infants' physiological responses may be a function of mutual responsiveness.
authors.affiliation: The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. ginger.moore@psu.edu
authors.forename: Ginger A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Ashley L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hill-Soderlund
authors.forename: Cathi B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Propper
authors.forename: Susan D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Calkins
authors.forename: W Roger
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Mills-Koonce
authors.forename: Martha J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cox
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010988:Play and Playthings; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*