title: Measurements of secondary neutrons from cosmic radiation with a Bonner sphere spectrometer at 79 degrees N.
abstract: Air crew members and airline passengers are continuously exposed to cosmic radiation during their flights. Particles ejected by the sun during so-called solar particle events (SPEs) in periods of high solar activity can contribute to this exposure. In rare cases the dose from a single SPE might even exceed the annual dose limit of 1 mSv above which dose monitoring of air crews is legally required in Germany. Measurements performed by means of neutron monitors have already shown that the relative intensity of secondary neutrons from cosmic radiation is enhanced during an SPE, particularly at regions close to the magnetic poles of the Earth where shielding of the cosmic radiation by the geomagnetic field is low. Here we describe a Bonner sphere spectrometer installed at the Koldewey station at 79 degrees N, i.e. about 1,000 km from the geographic North pole, which is designed to provide first experimental data on the time-dependent energy spectrum of neutrons produced in the atmosphere during an SPE. This will be important to calculate doses from these neutrons to air crew members. The system is described in detail and first results are shown that were obtained during quiet periods of sun activity.
authors.affiliation: Helmholtz Zentrum München, National Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Werner.ruehm@helmholtz-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rühm
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mares
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pioch
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weitzenegger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vockenroth
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Paretzke
mesh_terms: D000531:Altitude; D003359:Cosmic Radiation; D004867:Equipment Design; D009502:Neutrons; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors