title: Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for rapid detection of beta-lactamase-negative, ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae.
abstract: We evaluated a multiplex real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for quantification of Haemophilus influenzae and rapid detection of beta-lactam-resistant strains. We designed 5 PCR primer sets to simultaneously detect the beta-lactam-resistant genes and quantify the pathogen. To demonstrate the validity of this assay, we used 191 clinical isolates, including 141 H. influenzae strains, and 100 purulent sputum samples, including 30 samples from which H. influenzae had been isolated. This assay showed 92.9% sensitivity and 91.8% specificity for detecting beta-lactam-resistant genes, relative to the conventional phenotypic method, and this assay correlated well with conventional quantitative culture counts. By using this assay, we could quantify H. influenzae and identify beta-lactam susceptibility in only 3 h and with only one tube. This method will be helpful for the rapid detection of H. influenzae infections and the selection of appropriate antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Medical Science, 852-8501 Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagihara
authors.forename: Yoshitomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morinaga
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Izumikawa
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kakeya
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Shimeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamihira
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kohno
mesh_terms: D000668:Ampicillin Resistance; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D001618:beta-Lactamases