[Lactate dehydrogenase isozymes in skeletal muscle of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].
OBJECTIVE
In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in skeletal muscles are normal or tend to be elevated; on exercise, these levels increase more rapidly than in individuals without COPD. As it is likely that concentrations of LDH isozymes LDH(4) and LDH(5) are elevated in such patients, we measured those isozymes in peripheral muscle of patients with COPD.


METHODS
Eighteen patients with COPD and 10 healthy nonsmokers were included in the study. Spirometry and the 6-minute walk test were performed, and a biopsy of the quadriceps muscle was taken to measure levels of both total LDH and LDH isozymes by agarose gel electrophoresis and to classify the types of muscle fibers.


RESULTS
Controls and patients had similar concentrations of total LDH (mean [SE], 130 [30]micromol/min/g vs 152 [50]micromol/min/g, respectively) and LDH isozymes. A subgroup of 5 patients showed increased levels of isozymes LDH(1), LDH(2), and LDH(3), with decreased LDH(5) levels; these patients were women and had a lower oxygen saturation. The LDH(5) level was directly correlated with the 6-minute walk test and oxygen saturation. The percentage of type IIA fibers correlated directly with LDH(3) and LDH(4) concentrations whereas type IIX fibers were inversely correlated with LDH(3) concentration.


CONCLUSIONS
Measurement of LDH isozyme concentrations enabled a subgroup of patients to be identified with a higher concentration of cardiac isoenzymes and lower concentration of muscle isoenzymes, a situation which might indicate adaptation that favors aerobic metabolism.
Torres
Sonia H
SH
Sección de Adaptación Muscular, Instituto de Medicina Experimental, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. sonia.hecker@ucv.ve
de Oca
María  Montes
M
Loeb
Eduardo
E
Zabner-Oziel
Priva
P
Wallis
Valentina
V
Hernández
Noelina
N
D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000201:enzymology*
D007527:Isoenzymes; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase