title: Passive smoke exposure induces oxidative damage in brains of rat pups: Protective role of diphenyl diselenide.
abstract: The protective effect of diphenyl diselenide, (PhSe)(2), on oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke exposure in brains of rat pups was evaluated. Animals were exposed to passive cigarette smoke (15 min/day) in two different experimental protocols: P1 (1, 2, and 3 cigarettes) and P2 (4, 5, and 6 cigarettes) for 3 weeks. Before each period of smoke exposure, animals received an oral administration of (PhSe)(2) (0.5 mg/kg). A number of toxicological parameters in the brain were examined, such as lipid peroxidation, delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (delta-ALA-D) activity, and components of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase and catalase activities) and non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses (ascorbic acid and non-protein thiol levels). In P1, smoke exposure induced an inhibition of catalase activity and an increase of ascorbic acid levels. (PhSe)(2) treatment was able to protect catalase activity but not ascorbic acid levels. In P2, an augmentation of lipid peroxidation, a reduction of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant status, and an inhibition of delta-ALA-D activity caused by smoke exposure were found. (PhSe)(2) protected the brains of rat pups against oxidative damage induced by smoke exposure. The results are consistent with the antioxidant effect of (PhSe)(2) demonstrated by the reduction of oxidative changes caused by smoke exposure in the brains of pups.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eluza Curte
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Stangherlin
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luchese
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ardais
authors.forename: Cristina Wayne
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Nogueira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D000623:Porphobilinogen Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; C061132:diphenyldiselenide; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000623:Porphobilinogen Synthase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid