title: [Analysis of paraquat in blood and urine by sodium borohydride/nickel chloride chemical reduction-gas chromatography/thermionic specific detector].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a new method for the analysis of paraquat in blood and urine by sodium borohydride/nickel chloride chemical reduction-gas chromatography/thermionic specific detector.
  
  
  METHODS
  An initial procedure of precipitation was performed by adding hydrochloric solution with sodium chloride and a mixture of chloroform and ethanol. Then the analyte contained in supernatant was reduced by a reduction system of sodium borohydride and nickel chloride and extracted by acetic ether. Ethyl paraquat (EPQ) was used as internal standard. GC/TSD was used to identify and quantify the analyte.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The limits of detection (S/N=3) in blood and urine were 0.002 and 0.004 microg/mL, respectively. The linear ranges were 0.050-30.0 microg/mL. Correlation coefficients in blood and urine were 0.999 and 0.998, respectively. The recoveries exceeded 80% both in blood and urine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method is applicable for quantification of paraquat in biological fluids.
authors.affiliation: West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Lu-Yao
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Lin-chuan
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Wen-Jia
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: You-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D001894:Borohydrides / Q000737:chemistry*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D053593:Forensic Toxicology; D006540:Herbicides / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010269:Paraquat / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D001894:Borohydrides; D006540:Herbicides; C022838:nickel chloride; D009532:Nickel; C025364:sodium borohydride; D010269:Paraquat