title: HMGB1 and HMGB2 proteins up-regulate cellular expression of human topoisomerase IIalpha.
abstract: Topoisomerase IIalpha (topo IIalpha) is a nuclear enzyme involved in several critical processes, including chromosome replication, segregation and recombination. Previously we have shown that chromosomal protein HMGB1 interacts with topo IIalpha, and stimulates its catalytic activity. Here we show the effect of HMGB1 on the activity of the human topo IIalpha gene promoter in different cell lines. We demonstrate that HMGB1, but not a mutant of HMGB1 incapable of DNA bending, up-regulates the activity of the topo IIalpha promoter in human cells that lack functional retinoblastoma protein pRb. Transient over-expression of pRb in pRb-negative Saos-2 cells inhibits the ability of HMGB1 to activate the topo IIalpha promoter. The involvement of HMGB1 and its close relative, HMGB2, in modulation of activity of the topo IIalpha gene is further supported by knock-down of HMGB1/2, as evidenced by significantly decreased levels of topo IIalpha mRNA and protein. Our experiments suggest a mechanism of up-regulation of cellular expression of topo IIalpha by HMGB1/2 in pRb-negative cells by modulation of binding of transcription factor NF-Y to the topo IIalpha promoter, and the results are discussed in the framework of previously observed pRb-inactivation, and increased levels of HMGB1/2 and topo IIalpha in tumors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analysis of Chromosomal Proteins, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Biophysics, Brno, Czech Republic. stros@ibp.cz
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stros
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Polanská
authors.forename: Sona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Struncová
authors.forename: Sárka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pospísilová
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D023081:CCAAT-Binding Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024261:HMGB2 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016296:Mutagenesis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D023081:CCAAT-Binding Factor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D024261:HMGB2 Protein; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D004247:DNA; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II