title: A unifying theory linking the prolonged efficacy of the stellate ganglion block for the treatment of chronic regional pain syndrome (CRPS), hot flashes, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
abstract: The mechanism of action of the stellate ganglion block (SGB) is still uncertain; however it has been used successfully in treatment of chronic regional pain syndrome (CRPS) for many years. Our new insights in to the mechanism of action of the stellate ganglion block were first reported in 2007 in our publication detailing the control of hot flashes with the use of stellate ganglion blockade. We have demonstrated very significant results in the treatment of hot flashes and our most recent application of this block has been for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Stellate ganglion has been demonstrated to have second and third order neurons connections with the central nervous system nuclei that modulate body temperature, neuropathic pain, the manifestations of PTSD, and many other areas. We believe that the commonality between the CRPS, HF and PTSD is the trigger of increased nerve growth factor (NGF) leading to the increase in brain norepinephrine (NR), which in turn is affected by the SGB leading to a prolonged reduction of NGF and eventually a decrease in NR. This, in turn, leads to a reduction or elimination of many of the symptoms of CRPS, Hot flashes, and PTSD.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Pain Centers S.C., 2260 W. Higgins Rd., Ste. 101, Hoffman Estates, IL 60169, USA. elipovmd@aol.com
authors.forename: Eugene G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Lipov
authors.forename: Jaydeep R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Konstantin V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Slavin
mesh_terms: D020918:Complex Regional Pain Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D013233:Stellate Ganglion / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*