title: Muscle strength is significantly associated with hip bone mineral density in women with Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the influence of physical impairments on hip bone mineral density in women with Parkinson's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four women with Parkinson's disease and 30 age-matched healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with Parkinson's disease underwent a hip scan using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and total hip bone mineral density values were obtained. Motor Examination III of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale was used to assess leg tremor, leg agility, leg rigidity and postural stability. In addition, all subjects were evaluated for walking speed, walking endurance, and leg muscle strength.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the hip bone mineral density values, 12 patients with Parkinson's disease (35%) had osteopaenia and another 3 patients (9%) had osteoporosis. Patients with Parkinson's disease had significantly lower walking velocity (p = 0.002), walking endurance (p < 0.001) and leg muscle strength (p = 0.047) than controls. Multiple regression revealed that leg muscle strength alone accounted for 8.8-10.6% of the variance in hip bone mineral density among patients with Parkinson's disease, after controlling for body mass index, post-menopausal years, Hoehn and Yahr stage, and postural stability (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hip bone mineral density is independently associated with leg muscle strength in women with Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. rsmpang@inet.polyu.edu.hk
authors.forename: Marco Y C
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Margaret K Y
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Mak
mesh_terms: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents