title: BP1, a putative signature marker for inflammatory breast cancer and tumor aggressiveness.
abstract: Our previous studies revealed that beta protein 1 (BP1) was barely detectable in normal human breasts, but was seen in 21%, 46%, and 81% of hyperplastic, in situ, and invasive breast lesions, respectively. Our current study attempted to assess BP1 expression in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), a very aggressive subtype of breast cancers characterized by extensive lympho-vascular invasion and involvement of dermal lymphatics. Paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 45 cases of IBC (nine with paired metastatic lymph nodes) and different controls were assayed immunohistochemically for BP1 expression. Positive BP1 immunoreactivities were present in all IBC cases. Strikingly, all cancer cells metastasized to lymph nodes and cells within lymphatic channels were uniformly and strongly immunoreactive to BP1. The percentage of BP1 positive cells and the intensity of BP1 immunostaining in IBC cases were significantly greater than those in non-IBC cases. Our findings suggest that BP1 may possess properties of onco-proteins that promote tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis, representing a putative signature marker for IBC and tumor aggressiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic and Breast Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology and American Registry of Pathology, Washington, DC, USA. man@afip.osd.mil
authors.forename: Yan-Gao
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Man
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Teal
authors.forename: Patricia E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Berg
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015820:Cadherins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors; C105304:DLX4 protein, human; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human