title: Models of development for blowfly sister species Chrysomya chloropyga and Chrysomya putoria.
abstract: Developmental curves for the sister species Chrysomya chloropyga (Wiedemann, 1818) and Chrysomya putoria (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were established at eight and 10 different constant temperatures, respectively, using developmental landmarks and body length as measures of age. The thermal summation constants (K) and developmental threshold (D(0)) were calculated for five developmental landmarks using a previously described method. Isomorphen and isomegalen diagrams were also constructed for the purpose of estimating postmortem intervals (PMIs). Chrysomya chloropyga had an average developmental threshold value (D(0)) of 10.91 degrees C (standard error [SE] = 0.94 degrees C, n = 5), significantly lower than that of C. putoria (13.42 degrees C, SE = 0.45 degrees C, n = 5) (paired t-test: t = - 4.63, d.f. = 8, P < 0.00). Similarly, K values for C. chloropyga were larger than those for C. putoria for all developmental events except onset of the wandering phase. These are the first data that can be used to calculate minimum PMIs and predict population growth of C. chloropyga and C. putoria in Africa; the data indicate that developmental data for one of these species cannot be used as surrogate data for the sister species.
authors.affiliation: Southern African Forensic Entomology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Crous
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Villet
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D004175:Diptera / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development*; D044707:Forensic Sciences; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development; D013020:South America; D013997:Time Factors