Iron in innate immunity: starve the invaders.
Iron is essential for nearly all living organisms. Innate immunity effectively restricts iron availability to microbial invaders. Some microbes have evolved effective countermeasures that blunt the effect of iron restriction. Recent epidemiologic studies have highlighted the potentiating effect of iron on microbial infections. Laboratory studies have focused on specific immune mechanisms that mediate iron withholding from microbes constitutively and in response to infections. Specialized inflammation-regulated proteins chelate iron, trap siderophores, and transport iron or modulate its transport to alter its tissue distribution during infections.
Ganz
Tomas
T
David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, United States. tganz@mednet.ucla.edu
D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000276:immunology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D064451:Hepcidins; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000276:immunology; D007501:Iron / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019190:Iron Overload; D008288:Malaria / Q000503:physiopathology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D014168:Transferrin / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000099173:Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1
D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D064451:Hepcidins; D007501:Iron; D014168:Transferrin; D000099173:Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1