Prostate cancer treatment in Europe at the end of 1990s.
BACKGROUND
There is wide variation in prostate cancer incidence and survival across Europe. In many countries incidence is rising sharply in relation to the introduction of prostate-specific antigen assay, and there is concern that patients may not be treated appropriately. We therefore aimed to characterize treatment for prostate cancer across Europe.


METHODS
We performed a high resolution population-based study, collecting information on the treatment of 3 486 prostate cancer cases diagnosed in 1995-1999 in 11 cancer registries from six European countries.


RESULTS
Overall, about one in three patients received radical treatment (prostatectomy 23% or radiotherapy 14%); about 60% of younger patients (<70 years) received radical treatment, while a similar proportion of older patients (> or =70 years) received palliation (transurethral prostatectomy or hormone treatment only). A considerable proportion (61%) of patients with apparently high-risk disease were treated radically within a year of diagnosis, with large variation between regions: >70% in Calvados, Haut-Rhin, Tarn and Eindhoven and <50% in Slovakia and Cracow. Overall 34% of patients with apparently low-risk disease received radical treatment, varying from 17% and 22% in Bas-Rhin and Granada, to 52% and 56% in Calvados and Eindhoven.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicate wide variation in the treatment for prostate cancer even among patients with apparently similar disease, and further suggest a non-negligible proportion may be receiving inappropriate radical treatment for apparently low-risk disease. Current guidelines indicate active surveillance should become the main means of managing low-risk disease.
Gatta
Gemma
G
Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy. gemma.gatta@istitutotumori.mi.it
Zigon
Giulia
G
Buemi
Antoine
A
Coebergh
Jan Willem
JW
Colonna
Marc
M
Contiero
Paolo
P
Denis
Louis
L
Grosclaude
Pascale
P
Guizard
Ann Valèrie
AV
Sanchez-Perez
Maria Jose
MJ
Plesko
Ivan
I
Ondrusova
Martina
M
Rachtan
Jadwiga
J
Valdagni
Riccardo
R
Velten
Michael
M
Vercelli
Marina
M
Berrino
Franco
F
D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011878:Radiotherapy; D012042:Registries