title: Active linear head motion improves dynamic visual acuity in pursuing a high-speed moving object.
abstract: We usually move both our eyes and our head when pursuing a high-speed moving object. However, the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), evoked by head motion, seems to disturb smooth pursuit eye movement because the VOR stabilizes the gaze against head motion. To determine whether head motion is advantageous for pursuing a high-speed moving object, we examined dynamic visual acuity (DVA) for a high-speed (80 degrees /s) rightward moving object with and without active linear rightward head motion (HM) at a maximum of 50 cm/s in nine healthy subjects. Furthermore, we analyzed eye and head movements to investigate the contribution of linear VOR (LVOR) and smooth eye movement under these conditions. In most subjects, active linear head motion improved DVA for a high-speed moving object. Subjects with higher DVA scores under HM had robust rightward gaze (eye + head) velocities (>60 cm/s), i.e., rightward smooth eye movements (>10 degrees /s). With the head stationary (HS), faster smooth eye movements (>40 degrees /s) were generated when the subjects pursued a high-speed moving object. They also showed anticipatory smooth eye movements under conditions HM and HS. However, the level of suppression of their LVOR abilities was equal to that of the others. These results suggest that the ability to generate anticipatory smooth pursuit eye movements for following a high-speed moving object against the LVOR is a determining factor for improvement of DVA under HM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology I, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8521, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuhisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hisa
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053483:Eye Movement Measurements; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D019416:Head Movements; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009039:Motion Perception; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012027:Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult