title: B-type natriuretic peptide and C-terminal-pro-endothelin-1 for the prediction of severely impaired peak oxygen consumption.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the utility of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-terminal-pro-endothelin-1 (CT-proET-1) to predict a severely impaired peak oxygen consumption (peak VO(2), < 14 mL kg(-1) min(-1)) in patients referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peak VO(2), BNP and CT-proET-1 were assessed in 141 consecutive patients referred for cardiopulmonary exercise testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  B-type natriuretic peptide [median (interquartile range) 48 (38-319) vs. 33 (15-86) pg mL(-1); P = 0.002] and CT-proET-1 [87 (76-95) vs. 60 (52-74) pmol L(-1); P < 0.001] were higher in patients with a peak VO(2) < 14 mL kg(-1) min(-1) (n = 30) than in those with a peak VO(2) > or = 14 mL kg(-1) min(-1) (n = 111). CT-pro-ET-1 had a higher area under the receiver-operator-characteristics curve (AUC) to predict a peak VO(2) < 14 mL kg(-1) min(-1) than BNP (0.79 vs. 0.68; P = 0.04). The optimal BNP cut-off of 37.2 pg mL(-1) had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 56%. The optimal CT-proET-1 cut-off of 74.4 pmol L(-1) had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 76%. A five-item score composed of body mass index, diabetes, forced expiratory volume within the first second, alveolo-arterial oxygen pressure difference, and BNP had an AUC of 0.88 to predict a peak VO(2) < 14 mL kg(-1) min(-1). Adding CT-proET-1 to the score resulted in an AUC of 0.92.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  C-terminal-pro-endothelin-1 is superior to BNP for the prediction of a peak VO(2) < 14 mL kg(-1) min(-1) in patients referred for CPET. A score incorporating body mass index, diabetes status, spirometry, blood gases, BNP and CT-proET-1 improves the prediction of a peak VO(2) < 14 mL kg(-1) min(-1) based on single biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland. micha.maeder@bluewin.ch
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Maeder
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Brutsche
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Staub
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Morgenthaler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noveanu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Laule
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Breidthardt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christ
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Klima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reichlin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Potocki
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019332:Endothelin-1; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011498:Protein Precursors; C093240:proendothelin 1; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D010100:Oxygen