title: Biological convergence of cancer signatures.
abstract: Gene expression profiling has identified cancer prognostic and predictive signatures with superior performance to conventional histopathological or clinical parameters. Consequently, signatures are being incorporated into clinical practice and will soon influence everyday decisions in oncology. However, the slight overlap in the gene identity between signatures for the same cancer type or condition raises questions about their biological and clinical implications. To clarify these issues, better understanding of the molecular properties and possible interactions underlying apparently dissimilar signatures is needed. Here, we evaluated whether the signatures of 24 independent studies are related at the genome, transcriptome or proteome levels. Significant associations were consistently observed across these molecular layers, which suggest the existence of a common cancer cell phenotype. Convergence on cell proliferation and death supports the pivotal involvement of these processes in prognosis, metastasis and treatment response. In addition, functional and molecular associations were identified with the immune response in different cancer types and conditions that complement the contribution of cell proliferation and death. Examination of additional, independent, cancer datasets corroborated our observations. This study proposes a comprehensive strategy for interpreting cancer signatures that reveals common design principles and systems-level properties.
authors.affiliation: Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Catalan Institute of Oncology, IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Solé
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bonifaci
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: López-Bigas
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berenguer
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Reina
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.forename: Ander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urruticoechea
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Sanjosé
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Comellas
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Capellá
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pujana
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D030561:Databases, Nucleic Acid; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity / Q000235:genetics; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*