title: Umbilical cord Wharton's Jelly: a new potential cell source of mesenchymal stromal cells for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Although bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are a main cell source for tissue-engineered bone (TEB), the clinical use of BMSCs is restricted due to the invasive bone marrow aspiration procedure and the decline in available number of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and differentiation potential with increasing age. Umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UCMSCs) are likely to be a promising alternative cell source for TEB due to their higher availability and potential to proliferate and differentiate. To assess this possibility, we studied bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)-induced osteogenic differentiation and activation of signaling pathways in UCMSCs and BMSCs. UCMSCs showed a phenotype and differentiation potential similar to that of BMSCs. After 14 days of BMP2 treatment, the overall expression of several osteogenic-specific phenotypes (type I collagen, osteopontin, and osteocalcin) was similar for UCMSCs and BMSCs. The signaling pathway by which BMP2 induced differentiation of both cell types involved the membrane receptor-initiated signals including SMADs, P38, and extracellular regulated kinase. The similar characteristics of BMP2-induced osteogenic differentiation of UCMSCs and BMSCs in vitro would support the use of UCMSCs in TEB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Tianyong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xuehui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Zehua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000187:drug effects; D003239:Connective Tissue Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010641:Phenotype; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase