title: Histologic safety margin in basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid: correlation with recurrence rate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the correlation between the minimum histologic safety margin (HSM) and recurrence rate of periorbital basal cell carcinomas (BCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred one patients with 101 BCCs treated surgically between 1997 and 1999 at the eye hospital in Freiburg were enrolled in this study. Mean follow-up was 7 years (range, 104 days to 9.7 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  The tumors' minimum HSM was measured retrospectively in photographs of hematoxylin and eosin-stained paraffin slides using the digital picture analysis system AnalySIS of Soft Imaging System Inc, and/or calculated according to the tumor-free section number. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histologic margins of solid and fibrous BCC and recurrence rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven of the 101 patients experienced tumor recurrence (6.93%) after a mean follow-up of 34.7 months (range, 3-83) according to Kaplan-Meier analysis. The patients were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (I) those without HSM (n = 11), 3 recurrences (27.27%); (II) those with HSM <0.2 mm (n = 18), 3 recurrences (16.67%); and (III) those with HSM >0.2 mm (n = 72), 1 recurrence (1.39%). The difference in recurrences between those groups with HSM and HSM = 0, as well as between the HSM <0.2 mm-group and HSM >0.2 mm-group were statistically significant (P = 0.01; P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extremely small HSMs are likely to prevent recurrences. At critical and visually easily accessible tumor sites (e.g., adjacent to the lacrimal puncta) a re-resection in solid BCCs with tumor-positive margins may not be mandatory, provided the surgical site is clinically inspected regularly. This conclusion does not apply to fibrous BCC.
authors.affiliation: University Eye Hospital, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany. claudia.auw-haedrich@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Auw-Haedrich
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frick
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boehringer
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mittelviefhaus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005142:Eyelid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors