title: Mad, sad and hormonal: the gendered nature of adolescent sleep disturbance.
abstract: Up to 40 percent of adolescents experience some form of sleep difficulty, with adolescent girls often reporting higher levels of sleep disturbance and daytime fatigue than boys. This article explores the literature surrounding female adolescent sleep disturbance. The findings reveal that sleep problems in young women can be linked to girls being at an increased risk for puberty-related fatigue, sexual abuse, a higher prevalence of mental illness and sensitivity to familial disruption, and increased domestic and grooming expectations. Implications for nursing practice include initiating conversations about sleep, sleep disturbance and sleeping arrangements when working with adolescent girls. Nurses should gather accurate sleep histories, provide adolescent girls and their caregivers with information and recommend interventions to improve sleep if necessary. Nurses should remain sensitive to the confounding effects of pubertal status, menarche and the cyclic release of hormones when designing and conducting future research into female adolescent sleep disturbance.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Nepean Hospital and PhD Candidate, School of Nursing, Family and Community Health, College of Social and Health Sciences, University of Western Sydney, Sydney, Australia. tamara_vallido@live.com.au
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vallido
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008572:Menarche / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D015399:Nursing Research; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010371:Pediatric Nursing; D012307:Risk Factors; D012648:Self Care; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012737:Sex Factors; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012944:Social Support