title: Ocular teratogens: old acquaintances and new dangers.
abstract: Recent research into animal studies has contributed significantly to understanding the pathophysiology of some well-known teratogens, such as alcohol. Techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and retinal synaptogenesis studies, have helped determine the specific areas in the developing brain and ocular structures, which are targeted by various teratogens. In this article, we also highlight a few newer agents, such as benzodiazepines, with potential for ocular malformation and morbidity in the developing foetus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kettering General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK. anamikatan@gmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mulvihill
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects; D005124:Eye Abnormalities; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053610:Opiate Alkaloids / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D013723:Teratogens; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D053610:Opiate Alkaloids; D013723:Teratogens; D014801:Vitamin A; D003042:Cocaine