title: Self-limited febrile syndromes temporally associated with the use of propofol for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate cases of febrile illnesses in patients who received propofol for sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Active case finding for patients who underwent endoscopy between 1 April and 30 May 2007 and suffered unexplained fever, chills, or myalgia within 48 hour after the procedure. We reviewed medications and clinical practices to find factors associated with the reactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-four cases at eight facilities in five states were identified yielding a rate of 36 reactions per 1000 procedures, compared with a baseline rate of 0.6 per 1000. The majority of patients experienced self-limited fever (89.2%), chills (73.0%), or myalgia (63.5%). Blood samples from five patients were collected for culture; no organisms grew. All health care facilities that reported cases and fully participated in the investigation (n = 7) had received a common lot of propofol just before recognition of the first case. Bacterial endotoxin and sterility testing on unopened vials from this lot of propofol showed no abnormalities. Cases terminated after facilities stopped using the associated lot of propofol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a temporal association between a particular lot of propofol and an outbreak of febrile illnesses at several healthcare facilities performing endoscopy. When propofol is used to sedate patients for endoscopy, fever is a rare outcome and healthcare professionals should investigate clusters of these reactions. Post-procedure surveillance is important to identify possible medication reactions.
authors.affiliation: Epidemic Intelligence Service, Office of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. dblossom@cdc.gov
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Blossom
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Glenshaw
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weltman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
mesh_terms: D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D023341:Chills / Q000139:chemically induced; D004348:Drug Labeling; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011786:Quality Control; D013577:Syndrome; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D015742:Propofol