title: Leptin as a modulator of osteogenesis.
abstract: Leptin, a hormone secreted by adipose tissue, but also by several other tissues, has a dual effect on bone, acting by two independent mechanisms. As a signal molecule with growth factor characteristics, leptin is able to stimulate osteoblastic cells and to inhibit osteoclast formation and activity, thus promoting osteogenesis. However, as a molecule which stimulates sympathetic neurons in the hypothalamus, leptin indirectly inhibits bone formation. This inhibitory effect of leptin mediated by activation of sympathetic nervous system can be abrogated by application of blood pressure-reducing beta-blockers, which also inhibit receptors of hypothalamic adrenergic neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department and Division of Histology and Embryology, Center for Bioastructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw. kwlodar@ib.amwaw.edu.pl
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Włodarski
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Włodarski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin