title: The arthroscopic square knot: fiction or fact?
abstract: The square knot is the gold standard for open surgical knot tying. One criticism of arthroscopic shoulder surgery is that arthroscopic knots are not as secure as square knots tied during traditional open surgery. In this brief technical note, we describe a simple technique for tying arthroscopic square knots that the senior members of our group have been using in clinical practice for several years with successful results.
authors.affiliation: Texas Orthopedic Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hammerman
authors.forename: Hussein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Elkousy
authors.forename: T Bradley
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Gartsman
mesh_terms: D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D008422:Materials Testing; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013537:Sutures; D013718:Tensile Strength; D016474:Weight-Bearing