title: Long-term outcome of endoscopic therapy in patients with bile duct injury after cholecystectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bile duct lesions, including leaks and strictures, are immanent complications of open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Endoscopic procedures have gained increasing potential as the treatment of choice in the management of postoperative bile duct injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1996 and December 2006, 44 patients with biliary leakages and 12 patients with biliary strictures after cholecystectomy were identified by analyzing the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography database, clinical records, and cholangiograms. The long-term follow up of endoscopic treatment in biliary lesions after cholecystectomy was evaluated by this retrospective study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 34 of 35 patients (97%) with peripheral bile duct leakages, endoscopic therapy was successful. Transpapillary endoprothesis and/or nasobiliary drainage were removed after 31 (5-399) days. After stent removal, the median follow-up period was 81 (11-137) months. In patients with central bile duct leakages, the success rate after median 90 (4-145) days of endoscopic therapy was 66.7% (6/9 patients). The median follow up after stent removal in six successfully treated patients was 70 (48-92) months. Eleven of 12 patients (91.6%) with bile duct strictures had successfully completed stent therapy. The follow-up period of this patient group was 99 (53-140) months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic treatment of bile duct lesions after cholecystectomy is effective, particularly in patients with peripheral bile duct leakages and bile duct strictures. Therefore, it should be the first-line therapy used in these patients. Although endoscopic management is less successful in patients with central bile duct leakages, an attempt is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. andreas.weber@lrz.tum.de
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Hubertus
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feussner
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Winkelmann
authors.forename: Jörg Rüdiger
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Siewert
authors.forename: Roland M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prinz
mesh_terms: D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome