title: Attenuated, flow-induced ATP release contributes to absence of flow-sensitive, purinergic Cai2+ signaling in human ADPKD cyst epithelial cells.
abstract: Flow-induced cytosolic Ca2+ Ca(i)2+ signaling in renal tubular epithelial cells is mediated in part through P2 receptor (P2R) activation by locally released ATP. The ability of P2R to regulate salt and water reabsorption has suggested a possible contribution of ATP release and paracrine P2R activation to cystogenesis and/or enlargement in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). We and others have demonstrated in human ADPKD cyst cells the absence of flow-induced Ca(i)2+ signaling exhibited by normal renal epithelial cells. We now extend these findings to primary and telomerase-immortalized normal and ADPKD epithelial cells of different genotype and of both proximal and distal origins. Flow-induced elevation of Ca(i)2+ concentration ([Ca2+](i)) was absent from ADPKD cyst cells, but in normal cells was mediated by flow-sensitive ATP release and paracrine P2R activation, modulated by ecto-nucleotidase activity, and abrogated by P2R inhibition or extracellular ATP hydrolysis. In contrast to the elevated ATP release from ADPKD cells in static isotonic conditions or in hypotonic conditions, flow-induced ATP release from cyst cells was lower than from normal cells. Extracellular ATP rapidly reduced thapsigargin-elevated [Ca2+](i) in both ADPKD cyst and normal cells, but cyst cells lacked the subsequent, slow, oxidized ATP-sensitive [Ca2+](i) recovery present in normal cells. Telomerase-immortalized cyst cells also exhibited altered CD39 and P2X7 mRNA levels. Thus the loss of flow-induced, P2R-mediated Ca(i)2+ signaling in human ADPKD cyst epithelial cells was accompanied by reduced flow-sensitive ATP release, altered purinergic regulation of store-operated Ca2+ entry, and altered expression of gene products controlling extracellular nucleotide signaling.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Vascular Medicine and Renal Divs., Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Ave., E/RW763, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Boris E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Shmukler
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaczmarek
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rossetti
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wandinger-Ness
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bacallao
authors.forename: Seth L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Alper
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001081:Apyrase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002923:Cilia / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000378:metabolism*; D045664:Proprotein Convertase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic / Q000378:metabolism*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D019098:Telomerase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D019098:Telomerase; D045664:Proprotein Convertase 1; D001081:Apyrase; C067869:CD39 antigen