title: The acetazolamide challenge: techniques and applications in the evaluation of chronic cerebral ischemia.
abstract: The acetazolamide (ACZ) challenge test is a useful clinical tool and a reliable predictor of critically reduced perfusion. In patients with chronic steno-occlusive disease, the ability to maintain normal cerebral blood flow by reducing vascular resistance secondary to autoregulatory vasodilation is compromised. Identification of the presence and degree of autoregulatory vasodilation (reflecting the cerebrovascular reserve) is a significant prognostic factor in patients with chronic cerebrovascular disease. The pharmacologic challenge of a vasodilatory stimulus such as ACZ can also be used to optimize the treatment strategies for these patients. The pathophysiology, methods, and clinical applications of the ACZ challenge test are discussed in this article.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0762, USA. vagala@healthall.com
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Vagal
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Leach
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Ulloa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zuccarello
mesh_terms: D000086:Acetazolamide; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000086:Acetazolamide