title: Anatomy of executive deficit following ruptured anterior communicating artery aneurysm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate behavioral and cognitive deficits following anterior communicating artery aneurysm rupture and determine critical lesion locations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated 74 patients with standardized cognitive tests and behavioral inventory. Two examiners rated MRI signal abnormalities in 51 predetermined regions of interest. Classification tree analysis was used to select regions associated with each cognitive deficit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven patients presented behavioral executive deficits and 10 had cognitive executive deficit. Their presence depended on left hemisphere lesions only: (i) ventral striatum lesion was associated with behavioral executive deficit (P = 0.04), reduction of activities (P = 0.01), and hyperactivity (P = 0.02); (ii) superior frontal gyrus lesion, with cognitive executive deficit (P = 0.01), action initiation deficit (P = 0.02), and rule deduction deficit (P = 0.02); (iii) anterior half of centrum semiovale lesion, with Stroop inhibition deficit (P = 0.02); (iv) medial superior and middle frontal gyri lesions, with task coordination deficit (P = 0.01); and (v) middle frontal gyrus lesion, with words generation deficit (P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports that (i) cognitive executive deficits depend mostly on lateral prefrontal lesions, (ii) with locations varying according to executive process, and (iii) behavioral executive deficits are mainly due to left ventral striatum lesion in post-aneurysmal damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France. olivier.martinaud@chu-rouen.fr
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Martinaud
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gérardin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Proust
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bioux
authors.forename: D Le
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Gars
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hannequin
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Godefroy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests