title: Ceruloplasmin/Transferrin system is related to clinical status in acute stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In acute stroke, Iron (Fe) may amplify reperfusion injury by catalyzing the conversion of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide into highly reactive radicals. Transferrin (Tf) is the main protein regulating Fe homeostasis, whereas Ceruplasmin (CP) is a circulating ferroxidase enzyme able to oxidize ferrous ions to less toxic ferric forms. This study aims at investigating whether CP, Copper (Cu), Tf, and Fe play a role in the pathophysiology of acute stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 35 acute stroke patients and 44 controls. All patients underwent: neurological examination assessed by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), ultrasound evaluation of carotid atherosclerosis, brain MRI to quantify ischemic lesion volume and measurement of serum levels of CP, Cu, Tf, Fe, hydro-peroxides, and Total plasmatic antioxidant capacity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients, NIHSS scores were associated with Tf (r=-0.48, P=0.004), hydro-peroxides (r=0.34, P=0.046), CP (r=0.43, P=0.012), and lesion volume (r=0.50, P=0.004). Lesion volume was inversely associated with Tf (r=-0.44, P=0.012). CP and hydro-peroxides were also largely related (r=0.81, P<0.001). The model multiple R was 0.57, resulting in a 32.5% of explained NIHSS variance with Tf accounting for 23.4% and CP for 9.1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CP and Tf levels are representative of clinical status in acute stroke patients. Our findings suggest a protective role of Tf in acute stroke and a possible ambivalent role of CP.
authors.affiliation: Neurologia Clinica, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy. c.altamura@unicampus.it
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Altamura
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Squitti
authors.forename: Patrizio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pasqualetti
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaudino
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Palazzo
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tibuzzi
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lupoi
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cortesi
authors.forename: Paolo Maria
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Rossini
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vernieri
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000378:metabolism*; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D020521:Stroke / Q000378:metabolism*; D014168:Transferrin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014168:Transferrin; D003300:Copper; D007501:Iron; D002570:Ceruloplasmin