title: Serum homocysteine: interplay with other circulating and genetic factors in association to Alzheimer's type dementia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the interplay between serum concentrations of homocysteine, steroid hormones and vitamins B and mutations in 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, in association to Alzheimer's type dementia (ATD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study including 19 individuals diagnosed with ATD and 36 healthy controls. Serum concentrations of the analytes were determined and MTHFR 1298A-->C mutation was screened by PCR-RFLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified homocysteine (OR=1.92, P<0.01), cholesterol (OR=1.14, P<0.001), estradiol (OR=0.728, P<0.001), uric acid (OR=2.42, P<0.02), vitamin B(12) (OR=0.984, P<0.004) and MTHFR 1298A-->C mutation (OR=6.01, P<0.04) as independent predictors of ATD. Positive interaction between homocysteine and uric acid, creatinine, urea or cortisol (P<0.02) and negative interaction between homocysteine and vitamin B(12) or MTHFR 1298A-->C mutation (P<0.03) were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High serum concentrations of homocysteine, cholesterol and uric acid, and low concentrations of estradiol and vitamin B(12), as well as the MTHFR 1298A-->C mutation are simultaneously associated to ATD.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Portugal. jfcascalheira@yahoo.com
authors.forename: José F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Cascalheira
authors.forename: Sara S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: João
authors.forename: Sandra S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pinhanços
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palmeira
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.forename: Fernanda C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Domingues
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D013763:Tetrahydrofolates / Q000235:genetics*; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013763:Tetrahydrofolates; D006710:Homocysteine; C013123:5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolic acid; D014527:Uric Acid; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D014508:Urea; D002097:C-Reactive Protein