title: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: approaches to cardiac and renal therapy.
abstract: The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) plays a prominent role in the pathophysiology of cardiac and renal diseases. Aldosterone leads to local effects of vasoconstriction, sodium resorption, and possibly inflammation and fibrosis in several organs. Pharmacologic manipulation of the RAAS may involve renin inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II–receptor blockers, and aldosterone antagonists.
authors.affiliation: Florida Veterinary Specialists, Tampa, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otte
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spier
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000502:physiology*; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000092502:Renin Inhibitors