title: Vitamin B12 status of pregnant Indian women and cognitive function in their 9-year-old children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent research has highlighted the influence of maternal factors on the health of the offspring. Intrauterine experiences may program metabolic, cardiovascular, and psychiatric disorders. We have shown that maternal vitamin B12 status affects adiposity and insulin resistance in the child. Vitamin B12 is important for brain development and function.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the relationship between maternal plasma vitamin B12 status during pregnancy and the child's cognitive function at 9 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied children born in the Pune Maternal Nutrition Study. Two groups of children were selected on the basis of maternal plasma vitamin B12 concentration at 28 weeks of gestation: group 1 (n = 49) included children of mothers with low plasma vitamin B12 (lowest decile, < 77 pM) and group 2 (n = 59) children of mothers with high plasma vitamin B12 (highest decile, > 224 pM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children from group 1 performed more slowly than those from group 2 on the Color Trail A test (sustained attention, 182 vs. 159 seconds; p < .05) and the Digit Span Backward test (short-term memory, p < .05), after appropriate adjustment for confounders. There were no differences between group 1 and group 2 on other tests of cognitive function (intelligence, visual agnosia).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal vitamin B12 status in pregnancy influences cognitive function in offspring.
authors.affiliation: Kamalnayan Bajaj Diabetology Research Center, Pune, India.
authors.forename: Vidya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bhate
authors.forename: Swapna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: Dattatray
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.forename: Niranjan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Rasika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ladkat
authors.forename: Sujala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watve
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fall
authors.forename: Celeste A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: de Jager
authors.forename: Helga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Refsum
authors.forename: Chittaranjan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yajnik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000097:blood; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014805:Vitamin B 12