title: 1,3-Diferuloyl-sn-glycerol from the biocatalytic transesterification of ethyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamic acid (ethyl ferulate) and soybean oil.
abstract: 1,3-Diferuloyl-sn-glycerol is found ubiquitously throughout the plant kingdom, possessing ultraviolet adsorbing and antioxidant properties. Diferuloyl glycerol was synthesized and isolated as a byproduct in up to 5% yield from a pilot plant scale packed-bed, biocatalytic transesterification of ethyl ferulate with soybean oil or mono- and diacylglycerols from soybean oil. The yield of the diferuloyl glycerol byproduct was directly proportional to the overall water concentration of the bioreactor. The isolated diferuloyl glycerol exhibited good ultraviolet adsorbing properties, 280-360 nm with a lambda(max) 322 nm, and compared well to the efficacy of commercial sunscreen active ingredients. The antioxidant capacity of diferuloyl glycerol (0.25-2.5 mM) was determined by its ability to scavenge 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals and was comparable to that of ferulic acid. At current pilot plant scale production capacity, 120 kg diferuloyl glycerol byproduct could be isolated per year.
authors.affiliation: New Crops and Processing Technology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, US Department of Agriculture, 1815 N University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA. david.compton@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Compton
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Laszlo
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019149:Bioreactors; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005990:Glycerol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000378:metabolism*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D010851:Picrates; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C099085:ethyl ferulate; D013024:Soybean Oil; C004999:ferulic acid; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D005990:Glycerol