title: [Sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension for pediatric orthopedic surgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Induced hypotensive anesthesia is a well established technique in adult patients. We examined retrospectively the effect of sodium nitroprusside pediatric patients undergoing pelvic osteotomy with simultaneous femoral osteotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three patients received sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotensive anesthesia (group N) and 14 patients received standard anesthesia (group C). In patients of Group N, a target mean arterial blood pressure of 50-60 mmHg was achieved by intravenous administration of sodium nitroprusside.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were observed between the two groups in the amounts of intra-operative blood loss and fluid infusion. Group N had less intra-operative blood loss than Group C (Group N: 7.3 +/- 4.1 ml x kg(-1) vs. Group C: 10.9 +/- 4.0 ml x kg(-1), P<0.05). Group N had less intra-operative fluid infusion than Group C (Group N: 37.7 +/- 11.2 ml x kg(-1) vs. Group C: 53.9 +/- 15.0 ml x kg(-1), P<0.05). Urine output was not significantly different (Group N: 6.0 +/- 6.2 ml x kg(-1) vs. Group C: 7.0 +/- 5.7 ml x kg(-1), P=0.60). There were no side effects of sodium nitroprusside-induced hypotension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that sodium nitroprusside is a safe and effective drug for induced hypotension in pediatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and ICU, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo 157-8535.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.forename: Chinobu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007023:Hypotension, Controlled / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010027:Osteotomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D009599:Nitroprusside