title: Use of recommended osteoarthritis pain treatment by older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper reports on a study conducted to describe what traditional and non-traditional treatments older adults with osteoarthritis use for pain management, their reported pain relief, and factors associated with use of recommended initial gold standard treatment (acetaminophen/paracetamol or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and exercise and/or physical therapy) as designated by conventional western medicine.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Osteoarthritis is characterized by joint pain, stiffness and limited range of motion and has been designated an international health burden by the World Health Organization. Demographic and cultural factors have been shown to affect both traditional and non-traditional osteoarthritis treatment decisions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive correlational design was used, with secondary analysis of data collected between July 2006 and July 2007 in two randomized controlled studies using the Brief Pain Inventory Short Form and testing older adults' pain communication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of use of gold standard treatment was 28.0% (n = 128). Both traditional and non-traditional treatments were used by 46.4% (n = 212) of the participants. Logistic regression revealed that those with higher education (odds ratio 1.56, CI 1.24-1.96, P = 0.001), and non-White race, regardless of educational level (odds ratio 2.02, CI 1.20-3.40, P = 0.008), were more likely to use gold standard treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Factors influencing older adults' use of gold standard treatment for their osteoarthritis pain need to be identified so that greater numbers of older adults can be supported to use recommended treatment to obtain greater pain relief.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Merkle
authors.forename: Deborah Dillon
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: McDonald
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000379:methods*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000082:Acetaminophen