title: [Air-leak syndrome in patients with non-infectious pulmonary complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation].
abstract: We reported 5 patients who developed air-leak syndrome (ALS) including pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). The underlying diseases were AML (n=2), ALL (n=1), MDS (n=1), and CML (n=1). All patients received allogeneic SCT from related donors including 2 donors with HLA mismatch. Total body irradiation was performed as a conditioning regimen in all patients. Late-onset noninfectious pulmonary complications (LONIPC) were detected in all patients before the development of ALS. The interval from diagnosis of LONIPC to onset of ALS was 10-360 days (median, 20 days). Four of 5 patients were treated with corticosteroid for chronic graft-versus-host disease and/or LONIPC. To date, three patients have died of respiratory failure. The others are currently alive and one of these surviving patients is receiving home oxygen treatment. Physicians should be aware of this rare complication following LONIPC, because treatment of ALS is difficult in some patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Kanagawa Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enaka
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hagihara
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motohashi
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maruta
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishigatsubo
authors.forename: Heiwa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanamori
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013352:Subcutaneous Emphysema / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013577:Syndrome; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult