title: Parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiometabolic risk factors in Asian Indian adolescents.
abstract: The objective was to study the influence of parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus on prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MS) and other cardiometabolic risk factors in Asian Indian adolescents. Adolescents aged 12 to 19 years (N = 321) were recruited from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study. Based on parental diabetic status, 3 groups were studied: group 1, offspring of parents with normal glucose tolerance (n = 105); group 2, offspring of 1 diabetic parent (n = 114); and group 3, offspring of 2 diabetic parents (n = 102). Subjects underwent blood pressure and anthropometric measurements as well as an oral glucose tolerance test and a fasting lipid profile. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation definition. Body mass index (P < .001) and waist and hip circumference (P < .05 for group 2 and P < .001 for group 3) were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 compared with group 1. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in groups 2 and 3 compared with group 1 (P < .05). Serum triglycerides were significantly higher in group 3 (P < .05) compared with the other 2 groups. Adolescents in group 3 (P < .001) and group 2 (P < .05) were significantly more overweight and had more abdominal obesity compared with those in group 1. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance were also significantly higher in group 3 compared with the other 2 groups. High blood pressure showed an increasing trend from group 1 to group 3 (P for trend < .05). Two metabolic abnormalities were present in 7.6%, 14.9%, and 22.5% of adolescents in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (trend chi(2): 9.04, P = .003). Prevalence of MS was higher in groups 2 and 3 compared with group 1 but did not reach statistical significance because of small numbers. The cardiometabolic profile of the parents was similar to that of the adolescents. Parental history of type 2 diabetes mellitus increases risk of not only glucose intolerance but also other cardiometabolic risk factors like overweight, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high blood pressure in Asian Indian adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Gopalapuram, Chennai-600 086, Tamilnadu, India.
authors.forename: Ranjit Mohan
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Anjana
authors.forename: Srinivasa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lakshminarayanan
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deepa
authors.forename: Syed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Farooq
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pradeepa
authors.forename: Viswanathan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mohan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044466:Asian People; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D049628:Body Size; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D010290:Parents; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides