title: [Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia: associations with a source of infection and antibiotic resistance].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the associations between the source of infection and antibiotic resistance in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of 50 patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia was carried out. If sepsis was suspected, blood culture was incubated in an automatic system BACTEC 9240. Then bacteria were identified, and their antibiotic resistance was estimated by disc diffusion method. If Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were resistant to three or more antibiotics, they were considered as multidrug-resistant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The origin of bacteremia was confirmed in 33 (66%) patients. Lower respiratory tract was the predominant source of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia (81.8%, n=27) as compared with infection of wound (39.4%, n=13), urinary tract (15.2%, n=5), and drain or cerebrospinal fluid (9.1%, n=3) (P<0.05). Eighteen percent (n=9) of strains, which caused bacteremia, were resistant to ceftazidime; 38% (n=19), to piperacillin; 22% (n=11), to imipenem; 26% (n=13), to meropenem; 24% (n=12), to ciprofloxacin; 40% (n=20), to gentamicin; and only 8% (n=4), to amikacin. Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were more frequently isolated if a source of infection was wound comparing to a source of other localization (61.5%, n=8 and 20.0%, n=4, respectively; P<0.05). Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to imipenem was associated with resistance to ciprofloxacin (13.2%, n=5 and 50.0%, n=6, retrospectively; P<0.05), but resistance to meropenem--both to ciprofloxacin and amikacin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The predominant source of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia was lower respiratory tract, and multidrug-resistant strains caused bacteremia more frequently if a source infection was wound. Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to carbapenems was associated with resistance to ciprofloxacin and resistance to meropenem--also to amikacin. Resistance of strains to ceftazidime and piperacillin was associated with resistance to gentamicin.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Eiveniu 2, Kaunas, Lithuania.
authors.forename: Asta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dambrauskiene
authors.forename: Dalia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Adukauskiene
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeroch
authors.forename: Astra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitkauskiene
mesh_terms: D000583:Amikacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000494:pharmacology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015378:Imipenem / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077731:Meropenem; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013845:Thienamycins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D013845:Thienamycins; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D015378:Imipenem; D000583:Amikacin; D002442:Ceftazidime; D000077731:Meropenem; D010878:Piperacillin