title: Diminished central nervous 5-HT neurotransmission and mood self-ratings in children and adolescents with ADHD: no clear effect of rapid tryptophan depletion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research on 5-HT-functioning in adult patients and healthy subjects using rapid tryptophan depletion (RTD) has indicated weak but stable effects on mood ratings. Altered mood in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can confound the differential diagnosis between severe ADHD and mood disorders such as pediatric bipolar disorder. The present study investigated the effects of RTD induced lowered central nervous 5-HT-levels on mood self-ratings in children with ADHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen boys with ADHD participated in the study in a double-blind within-subject crossover-design. They were administered RTD within an amino acid drink lacking tryptophan, thus lowering central nervous 5-HT-synthesis. On another day they received a placebo. Self-rated mood was assessed on both days at baseline conditions and at three different post-drink time-points.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RTD had no clear effect on mood within the whole sample. Low scorers on venturesomeness were more strongly affected by RTD in terms of feelings of inactivity and negative feelings compared to high venture patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data did not show a significant effect of RTD on mood self-ratings. However, the findings must be considered as preliminary and require further replication, in particular as they could be due to sampling bias.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, JW Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. F.Zepf@med.uni-frankfurt.de
authors.forename: Florian Daniel
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Zepf
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holtmann
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stadler
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Magnus
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wöckel
authors.forename: Fritz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Poustka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015983:Selection Bias; D012701:Serotonin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012701:Serotonin; D014364:Tryptophan