title: ER membrane-bending proteins are necessary for de novo nuclear pore formation.
abstract: Nucleocytoplasmic transport occurs exclusively through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) embedded in pores formed by inner and outer nuclear membrane fusion. The mechanism for de novo pore and NPC biogenesis remains unclear. Reticulons (RTNs) and Yop1/DP1 are conserved membrane protein families required to form and maintain the tubular endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the postmitotic nuclear envelope. In this study, we report that members of the RTN and Yop1/DP1 families are required for nuclear pore formation. Analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae prp20-G282S and nup133 Delta NPC assembly mutants revealed perturbations in Rtn1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) and Yop1-GFP ER distribution and colocalization to NPC clusters. Combined deletion of RTN1 and YOP1 resulted in NPC clustering, nuclear import defects, and synthetic lethality with the additional absence of Pom34, Pom152, and Nup84 subcomplex members. We tested for a direct role in NPC biogenesis using Xenopus laevis in vitro assays and found that anti-Rtn4a antibodies specifically inhibited de novo nuclear pore formation. We hypothesize that these ER membrane-bending proteins mediate early NPC assembly steps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: T Renee
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Michelle D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lazarus
authors.forename: Martin W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Hetzer
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Wente
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D022022:Nuclear Pore / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009865:Oocytes; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C505725:Rtn1 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C426246:YOP1 protein, S cerevisiae; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins