title: [The portrayal of multiple sclerosis in television series].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An increasing number of television series deal with neurological disorders, including fictional portrayals of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this paper was to analyze every available TV episode with an MS character.
  
  
  METHODS
  Productions were identified by film databases and by hand search. Each episode was evaluated along neurologic and cinematic lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1985 and 2006, portrayals of MS appeared in 17 episodes produced in Germany, the US, and the UK. The frequency of symptoms shown onscreen strongly differed from epidemiological data. In particular sensory, cognitive, and bladder symptoms as well as difficulties with sexual function were under-represented. The authenticity of the disease depiction was strongly dependent upon the genre. Coping stories could be identified as the most prominent genre. Television patients were often portrayed as "brave fighters", "refined characters", and "afflicted without symptoms".
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Television series attract millions of viewers and thus shape the public image of a disease. Sound knowledge of how symptoms, diagnosis, and therapeutic options are presented in mass media is therefore indispensable for all who deal with MS patients, relatives, and caregivers.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Geschichte und Ethik der Medizin, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany. ajg02@uni-koeln.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karenberg
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D005858:Germany; D040541:Marketing / Q000379:methods*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000523:psychology*; D011639:Public Opinion; D013690:Television / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*