title: Sivelestat reduces myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in rat hearts even when administered after onset of myocardial ischemia.
abstract: Sivelestat, a neutrophil elastase inhibitor, has been shown to attenuate pulmonary injury during ischemia and reperfusion by improving microcirculation and may be effective as a cardioprotective agent. Isolated rat hearts were Langendorff-perfused (constant pressure, 75 mmHg) with oxygenated Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer (KHB). The optimal sivelestat concentration at 19 micromol/l was revealed because left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) recovery in 19 micromol/l sivelestat was highest among 0.19, 1.9, 19, 190, and 1900 micromol/l sivelestat (26+/-10, 33+/-7, 56+/-5*, 35+/-2, and 15+/-5%, respectively; *P<0.01). In order to examine the optimal administration timing, sivelestat was administered at pre- and post-ischemic phases. LVDP recovery and troponin-T were observed in pre-, post-ischemic sivelestat groups and control. After 60 min-reperfusion, LVDP recoveries were 42+/-10*, 45+/-19*, and 14+/-5%, respectively (*P<0.01 compared to control), and troponin-T values were 4+/-1, 2+/-1**, and 8+/-2, respectively (**P<0.05 compared to control). Acetylcholine-induced increase in coronary flow was also investigated to examine the sivelestat's cardioprotective mechanism. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) impaired the acetylcholine-induced increase in coronary flow (maximal changes: sham, 125+/-11%; I/R, 98+/-3; P<0.01) and this impairment was attenuated by sivelestat-perfusion at reperfusion (maximal change: 112+/-7%; P<0.05 vs. I/R). Sivelestat attenuates coronary endothelial ischemia-reperfusion injury and improves myocardial protection even when administered at the reperfusion period. This suggests a role for sivelestat in the preservation of coronary endothelial function enhancing myocardial protection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Regulation and Regenerative Surgery, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. shaw@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kambe
authors.forename: Ryuzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bessho
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005998:Glycine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020107:Troponin T / Q000378:metabolism; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects; D017725:Ventricular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D013449:Sulfonamides; D020107:Troponin T; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C069195:sivelestat; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase; D000109:Acetylcholine; D005998:Glycine