title: Microchip atmospheric pressure photoionization for analysis of petroleum by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.
abstract: Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) has significantly contributed to the molecular speciation of petroleum. However, a typical APPI source operates at 50 microL/min flow rate and thus causes a considerable mass load to the mass spectrometer. The recently introduced microchip APPI (microAPPI) operates at much lower flow rates (0.05-10 microL/min) providing decreased mass load and therefore decreased contamination in analysis of petroleum by FT-ICR MS. In spite of the 25 times lower flow rate, the signal response with microAPPI was only 40% lower than with a conventional APPI source. It was also shown that microAPPI provides very efficient vaporization of higher molecular weight components in petroleum analysis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haapala
authors.forename: Jeremiah M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Purcell
authors.forename: Ville
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saarela
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franssila
authors.forename: Ryan P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hendrickson
authors.forename: Tapio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kotiaho
authors.forename: Alan G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Risto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kostiainen
mesh_terms: D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D046208:Microchip Analytical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis*; D055668:Photochemical Processes
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum