Dietary intake, physical activity and nutritional status in adults: the French nutrition and health survey (ENNS, 2006-2007).
The French National Programme on Nutrition and Health (Programme national nutrition santé (PNNS)), the aim of which is to reduce nutrition-related chronic diseases, necessitates monitoring of nutritional characteristics. Our objective was to describe dietary intake, physical activity and nutritional status in a national sample of adults, especially according to current French recommendations. The study is based on a cross-sectional population-based survey using a multistage sampling design (Etude nationale nutrition santé (ENNS)). Between February 2006 and March 2007, 3115 18-74-year-old adults were included (participation rate 59.7 %). Energy, macronutrient and food consumption were estimated through three randomly distributed 24 h recalls, and compared to PNNS recommendations; physical activity was described using International Physical Activity Questionnaire guidelines; anthropometry, blood pressure and biochemical measurements were assessed according to national and international references. When compared to current recommendations, intake of carbohydrates (>50 % energy intake without alcohol: 26.4 %), SFA ( < 35 % total lipids: 18.5 %) and total fibre (>25 g/d: 13.7 %) was frequently unsatisfactory. While overall consumption of 'meat, seafood and eggs' was satisfactory, that of fruits and vegetables ( > or = 400 g/d: 43.8 %) and seafood (two or more servings per week: 29.9 %) was frequently too low. The physical activity level was satisfactory at 63.2 %. Overweight was observed in 49.3 % of adults, while 30.9 % were hypertensive and 44.1 % had dyslipidaemia. Vitamin and iron-poor status was found to affect less than 10 % of the population. Based on the ENNS survey, overall nutrition remains a problem in France. Comparison of these data with those of other countries could contribute to a better understanding of variations in nutrition-related diseases.
Castetbon
Katia
K
Unité de Surveillance et d'Epidémiologie nutritionnelle, Institut de Veille sanitaire, Université de Paris 13, Conservatoire national des Arts et Métiers, Bobigny, France. katia.castetbon@univ-paris13.fr
Vernay
Michel
M
Malon
Aurélie
A
Salanave
Benoit
B
Deschamps
Valérie
V
Roudier
Candice
C
Oleko
Amivi
A
Szego
Emmanuelle
E
Hercberg
Serge
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015930:Diet Records; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise; D005602:France; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000502:physiology*; D009753:Nutritive Value; D009790:Occupations; D018401:Sample Size; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D055815:Young Adult