title: Persistent inflammation induces GluR2 internalization via NMDA receptor-triggered PKC activation in dorsal horn neurons.
abstract: Spinal cord GluR2-lacking AMPA receptors (AMPARs) contribute to nociceptive hypersensitivity in persistent pain, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this event are not completely understood. We report that complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced peripheral inflammation induces synaptic GluR2 internalization in dorsal horn neurons during the maintenance of CFA-evoked nociceptive hypersensitivity. This internalization is initiated by GluR2 phosphorylation at Ser(880) and subsequent disruption of GluR2 binding to its synaptic anchoring protein (GRIP), resulting in a switch of GluR2-containing AMPARs to GluR2-lacking AMPARs and an increase of AMPAR Ca(2+) permeability at the synapses in dorsal horn neurons. Spinal cord NMDA receptor-mediated triggering of protein kinase C (PKC) activation is required for the induction and maintenance of CFA-induced dorsal horn GluR2 internalization. Moreover, preventing CFA-induced spinal GluR2 internalization through targeted mutation of the GluR2 PKC phosphorylation site impairs CFA-evoked nociceptive hypersensitivity during the maintenance period. These results suggest that dorsal horn GluR2 internalization might participate in the maintenance of NMDA receptor/PKC-dependent nociceptive hypersensitivity in persistent inflammatory pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Jang-Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Nana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Voitenko
authors.forename: Ronald S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Petralia
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Ji-Tian
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jordan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Kogo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takamiya
authors.forename: Andrij
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sotnik
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kopach
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Huganir
authors.forename: Yuan-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Tao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D020671:Posterior Horn Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000378:metabolism*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D011493:Protein Kinase C; C104722:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2