title: Genetic susceptibility to esophageal cancer: the role of the nucleotide excision repair pathway.
abstract: In this case-control study with 387 White esophageal patients and 462 White controls matched to cases by age and sex, we evaluated the associations between 13 potential functional polymorphisms in eight major nucleotide excision repair (NER) genes and esophageal cancer risk. In individual single nucleotide polymorphism analysis, after adjustment for multiple comparisons, the heterozygous GT genotype of the ERCC1 3' untranslated region (UTR) was associated with an increased risk, whereas the homozygous variant genotype TT was associated with 60% reduction in risk with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19-0.86). The heterozygous AG genotype of XPA 5' UTR was at 2.11-fold increased risk (95% CI = 1.33-3.35) and the risk reached 3.10-fold (95% CI = 1.94-4.95) for the homozygous variant GG genotype. These associations were also significant when restricted the analyses in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. Further, the CT genotype of the RAD23B Ala249Val was associated with increased esophageal cancer risk (OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.05-1.97), whereas the poly-AT-/+ genotype of the XPC intron 9 conferred a decreased risk (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.51-0.97). In joint analysis, individuals carrying 1 (OR = 2.64, 95% CI = 1.57-4.52) and > or = 2 (OR = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.58-4.75) unfavorable genotypes exhibited significantly increased risk for esophageal cancer risk with significant dose-response trend (P for trend = 0.006). The pathway-based risk was more evident in ever smokers, overweight/obese individuals, men and ever drinkers. Our results support the hypothesis that increasing numbers of unfavorable genotypes in the NER predispose susceptible individuals to increased risk of esophageal cancer. These findings warrant further replications in different populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Julie G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Izzo
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jinliang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Maosheng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jaffer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ajani
authors.forename: Xifeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics*; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000235:genetics; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C513287:RAD23B protein, human; C095888:xeroderma pigmentosum group F protein; C086984:XPC protein, human; C071447:ERCC1 protein, human; D004720:Endonucleases; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein; C497292:ERCC2 protein, human; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes