title: Socioeconomic effects on meeting physical activity guidelines: comparisons among 32 countries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the relationship between age and gender with physical activity (PA) and how meeting of PA guidelines (PAGL) is related to socioeconomic status (SES) and sedentary behaviors (SB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from 11-, 13-, and 15-yr-old students in 32 countries participating in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey 2001/2002. A self-completed questionnaire assessed weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and SB for the past 7 d and MVPA for a typical week. SES was assessed using the Family Affluence Scale (FAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the countries averaged enough MVPA to meet PAGL. The pattern of MVPA across age and gender was consistent among all countries. In all countries, older children were less active when compared with the youngest children; girls were significantly less active than boys were (mean hours per week of MVPA 3.52 +/- 1.88 vs 4.13 +/- 1.95) and were more likely to not meet the PAGL. SES was significantly associated with the amount of reported MVPA. SES and PAGL were not significantly related in seven countries, and a significant decrease in the influence of age was observed in these countries compared with other countries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Levels of MVPA during adolescence showed consistent patterns across countries in relation to age, gender, and social class. The limited effect of age on PA in countries where the influence of social class was less strong suggests the possibility of a moderating effect of context in the development of habits acquired during childhood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Microbiology, University of Turin, Torino, Italy. alberto.borraccino@unito.it
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borraccino
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lemma
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Iannotti
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zambon
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dalmasso
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lazzeri
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giacchi
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cavallo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005060:Europe; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009656:North America; D012923:Social Class; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires