title: Co-occurrence of self-reported disordered eating and self-harm in UK university students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Students are reported to have more symptoms of mental health problems than other young people. Disordered eating and self-harm are common but evidence on comorbidity, especially in community samples, is limited. This study aimed to examine their co-occurrence, onset timing, and the help-seeking of UK university students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two surveys were administered to undergraduate students at a single UK university. One was administered electronically (UNIversity Quality of Life and Learning survey) and completed by 5,045 students. The second, questionnaire-based, was completed by 805 students (Student Well-Being study). Both surveys included questions about disordered eating, self-harm thoughts and behaviours, and psychological well-being.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A strong relationship was found between reports of disordered eating and self-harm, with co-occurrence observed in 4.5 and 4.9% of students in the two surveys. Disordered eating and self-harm often pre-dated university entrance and there was no evidence of increasing levels of pathology by university year group. A younger age of onset of disordered eating behaviours was reported in those with co-occurring disordered eating and self-harm. Help-seeking rates were low.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of co-occurrence and earlier onset-timing of disordered eating are consistent with a limited clinical literature. Information on co-occurrence of mental health problems, their history, and low rates of help-seeking identifies some of the challenge to universities and practitioners. These results suggest the value of access to screening resources and the involvement of service-users in shaping the support provided.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. Fiona.Wright@ggc.scot.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Bridgette M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Bewick
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barkham
authors.forename: Allan O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: House
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012650:Self Disclosure; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult