title: Red wine triggers cell death and thioredoxin reductase inhibition: effects beyond resveratrol and SIRT1.
abstract: Red wine contains antioxidants and is at moderate amounts believed to exert certain positive health effects. Resveratrol is one of the most studied antioxidants in red wine and has been suggested to activate the longevity- and metabolism-associated histone deacetylase SIRT1. Here we show that relatively low concentrations of resveratrol (0.5-3 microM) specifically inhibited neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells in a SIRT1-dependent manner whereas higher concentrations of resveratrol (> or =10 microM) induced a SIRT1-independent cell death. Surprisingly, using a cell based assay, we found that small amounts of red wine (1-5% v/v)--but not white wine--induced a massive and rapid cell death of various cell types, including neural stem cells and several cancer cell lines. This red wine-induced cell death was ethanol-, SIRT1- and resveratrol-independent but associated with increased oxidative stress and inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity. The TrxR inhibition correlated with the red color (absorbance at 520 nm) of the wines demonstrating that pigment components of red wine can exert profound cellular effects. Our results unveil important roles for SIRT1 and TrxR in resveratrol and red wine-mediated effects on progenitor and cancer cells, and demonstrate that cellular responses to red wine may be more complex than generally appreciated.
authors.affiliation: CoE in Developmental Biology for Regenerative Medicine (CEDB/DBRM), Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Karolina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wallenborg
authors.forename: Pinelopi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vlachos
authors.forename: Sofi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huijbregts
authors.forename: Elias S J
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Arnér
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hermanson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D000077185:Resveratrol; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D013267:Stilbenes; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins; D000077185:Resveratrol