title: [Use of ephedrine prefilled syringes reduces anesthesia costs].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to compare the consumption and cost of ephedrine in parturients with respect to two packagings: ampoules and prefilled syringes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study in a French university obstetrical unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Assessing the consumption and cost of ephedrine during two consecutive periods of 14 days: use of ampoules for period 1 (P1) versus use of prefilled syringes for period 2 (P2). Consumption was daily evaluated. The costs (ampoules and consumable supplies for P1 and prefilled syringes for P2) were calculated on the basis of the price list given by our institutional pharmacy. The number of parturients and the anaesthetic techniques which were performed were prospectively recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and thirteen parturients were managed for the present study. The number of parturients and the anaesthetic care were similar between the two periods. In contrast, 155 ampoules were used for P1 versus 45 prefilled syringes for P2 (p<0.0001). The cost per parturient was 3.1 euro for P1 versus 2.6 euro for P2, i.e. 0.5 euro was saved for each parturient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study show that the use of prefilled syringes reduces significantly the wastage of ephedrine, allowing subsequent cost minimization in obstetrical anaesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Service d'anesthésie et de réanimation, université de la Méditerranée, hôpital Nord, Assistance publique-hôpitaux de Marseille, chemin des Bourrely, Marseille cedex 20, France. jeanpierre.bellefleur@ap-hm.fr
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bellefleur
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Milhaud
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beconcini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zieleskiewicz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leone
mesh_terms: D018663:Adrenergic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects; D002585:Cesarean Section; D017046:Cost Savings; D016527:Drug Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004349:Drug Packaging; D004809:Ephedrine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology; D009775:Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Hospital / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013594:Syringes / Q000191:economics
chemical_list: D018663:Adrenergic Agents; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D004809:Ephedrine