title: In vitro tests to establish LC50 and discriminating concentrations for fipronil against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) and their standardization.
abstract: Laboratory test was carried out on larvae and adults of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, to determine fipronil toxicity. Adult immersion test (AIT, N=26), larval immersion test (LIT, N=71) and larval packet test (LPT, N=41) were standardized using susceptible strain (Mozo). Dose-response curves were compared with a fipronil resistant strain. Four variables were analyzed from AIT results: mortality, weight of eggs on day 7 and on day 14, index of fertility, and index of fecundity. For larval test, dose mortality curves were analyzed. In spite of the high LC(50) variability, all variables determined for AIT were appropriate to discriminate both strains. AIT and LIT had more sensitivity than LPT, with larger resistance factors. It was used two times LC(99.9) as discriminating doses (DCs) following FAO suggestion. For mortality by AIT, LIT and LPT the DCs were estimated: 4.98ppm, 7.64ppm and 2365.8ppm, respectively, for Mozo strain. DCs mortality values estimated for resistant strain by AIT, LIT and LPT were: 6.96x10(5)ppm, 343.26ppm and 5.7x10(3)ppm, respectively and their respective resistant factors were: 202.4, 5.36 and 1.52. Protocols for AIT, LIT and LPT have been presented in this paper.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary, UDELAR, Uruguay. elinor@adinet.com.uy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castro-Janer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rifran
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piaggio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: T T S
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Schumaker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048494:Rhipicephalus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D011720:Pyrazoles; C082360:fipronil