title: Gender verification in athletes with disorders of sex development.
abstract: Disorders of sex development (DSD) are most controversial issue in gender verification of athletes. To make a more scientific, accurate and humanitarian decision for athletes is the target of gender verification. In this article, we evaluate the used methods of gender verification in athletes, recommend a useful simplified classification of DSD and propose a comprehensive etiological diagnostic system based on this classification for gender verification in athletes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China. qinjietn@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Qinjie
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Fangfang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yuanzheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qinsheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ge
mesh_terms: D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis; D013177:Sports