title: Peri-conceptional A1C and risk of serious adverse pregnancy outcome in 933 women with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the association between peri-conceptional A1C and serious adverse pregnancy outcome (congenital malformations and perinatal mortality).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective data were collected in 933 singleton pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk of serious adverse outcome at different A1C levels was compared with the background population. The risk was significantly higher when peri-conceptional A1C exceeded 6.9%, and the risk tended to increase gradually with increasing A1C. Women with A1C exceeding 10.4% had a very high risk of 16%. Congenital malformation rate increased significantly at A1C above 10.4%, whereas perinatal mortality was increased even at A1C below 6.9%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support recent guidelines of preconceptional A1C levels <7% in women with type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. dortemj@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Dorte M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Korsholm
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ovesen
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beck-Nielsen
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moelsted-Pedersen
authors.forename: Jes G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Westergaard
authors.forename: Margrethe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moeller
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Damm
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D054238:Perinatal Mortality; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin