title: Plagues in the ICU: a brief history of community-acquired epidemic and endemic transmissible infections leading to intensive care admission.
abstract: The ability to diagnose and treat infectious diseases and handle infectious disease outbreaks continues to improve. For the most part, the major plagues of antiquity remain historical footnotes, yet, despite many advances, there is clear evidence that major pandemic illness is always just one outbreak away. In addition to the HIV pandemic, the smaller epidemic outbreaks of Legionnaire's disease, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, and severe acute respiratory syndrome, among many others, points out the potential risk associated with a lack of preplanning and preparedness. Although pandemic influenza is at the top of the list when discussing possible future major infectious disease outbreaks, the truth is that the identity of the next major pandemic pathogen cannot be predicted with any accuracy. We can only hope that general preparedness and the lessons learned from previous outbreaks suffice.
authors.affiliation: St. Boniface General Hospital, 409 Tache Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. blight@sbgh.mb.ca
authors.forename: R Bruce
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Light
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000266:history* / Q000628:therapy; D003422:Critical Care / Q000266:history*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000266:history* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019353:Endemic Diseases / Q000266:history* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019115:Fasciitis, Necrotizing / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D018804:Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000266:history*; D007877:Legionnaires' Disease / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D045363:Pneumocystis carinii; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D011051:Poliomyelitis / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult