title: Microtubule-associated kinase-like protein RUNKEL needed [corrected] for cell plate expansion in Arabidopsis cytokinesis.
abstract: Cytokinesis partitions the cytoplasm of dividing eukaryotic cells. In higher plants, a dynamic microtubule array--phragmoplast--mediates the formation of the partitioning membrane--cell plate--in a centrifugal fashion. This phragmoplast dynamic involves microtubule-associated proteins. Mutations in a novel Arabidopsis gene RUNKEL (RUK) result in cytokinesis defects caused by abnormal phragmoplast organization and arrested cell plate expansion. RUK encodes an essential cell-cycle-regulated 152 kDa protein with a putative serine/threonine kinase domain and a large microtubule-binding domain, both of which are largely conserved in uncharacterized proteins from protozoa, plants, and animals. RUK directly bound to microtubules in vitro and colocalized with mitotic preprophase band, spindle, and phragmoplast in vivo. An engineered RUK fusion protein that was degraded before telophase did not rescue the ruk mutant phenotype, demonstrating RUK action during cytokinesis. Both microtubule-binding domain and putative kinase domain were essential for RUK function. Surprisingly, RUK did not show kinase activity in vitro, and transgenically expressed "kinase-dead" RUK rescued the seedling lethality of ruk mutants. Our results suggest that RUK plays a regulatory, rather than catalytic, role in phragmoplast microtubule organization during cell plate expansion in cytokinesis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), Entwicklungsgenetik, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krupnova
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasabe
authors.forename: Luam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ghebreghiorghis
authors.forename: Christian W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dehmel
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Strompen
authors.forename: York-Dieter
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Stierhof
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lukowitz
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kemmerling
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Machida
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jürgens
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000502:physiology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D008677:Metaphase / Q000502:physiology; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000502:physiology; D009154:Mutation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C585244:RUNKEL protein, Arabidopsis