title: Regulatory targets of quorum sensing in Vibrio cholerae: evidence for two distinct HapR-binding motifs.
abstract: The quorum-sensing pathway in Vibrio cholerae controls the expression of the master regulator HapR, which in turn regulates several important processes such as virulence factor production and biofilm formation. While HapR is known to control several important phenotypes, there are only a few target genes known to be transcriptionally regulated by HapR. In this work, we combine bioinformatic analysis with experimental validation to discover a set of novel direct targets of HapR. Our results provide evidence for two distinct binding motifs for HapR-regulated genes in V. cholerae. The first binding motif is similar to the motifs recently discovered for orthologs of HapR in V. harveyi and V. vulnificus. However, our results demonstrate that this binding motif can be of variable length in V. cholerae. The second binding motif shares common elements with the first motif, but is of fixed length and lacks dyad symmetry at the ends. The contributions of different bases to HapR binding for this second motif were demonstrated using systematic mutagenesis experiments. The current analysis presents an approach for systematically expanding our knowledge of the quorum-sensing regulon in V. cholerae and other related bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Amy M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tsou
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Rahul V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D053038:Quorum Sensing / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors