title: The in vitro antibacterial effect of iodine-potassium iodide and calcium hydroxide in infected dentinal tubules at different time intervals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of iodine-potassium iodide (IKI) and calcium hydroxide (CH) on dentinal tubules infected with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) at different time intervals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hollow cylinders of bovine root dentin (n=45) were infected and divided into three equal groups filled with either IKI or CH and a positive control. After placing each medicament in the infected cylinders for time periods of 10 minutes, 48 hours and 7 days, microbiological samples were analyzed. At the end of each period, four 100 microm thick inner dentin layers (400 microm thick from each specimen) were removed using dental burs of increasing diameters. Dentin powder was cultured on agar plates to quantitatively assess their infection, expressed in colony forming units (cfu).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all layers of the positive control group, heavy bacterial infection was observed. After 10 minutes, IKI reduced the amount of viable bacteria more efficiently than CH, whereas at later time intervals CH showed the best results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For short periods of exposure, IKI has a more efficient antibacterial effect in the dentinal tubules than CH but CH performs better after longer durations of exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This research indicates the use of IKI is a better choice for disinfecting the root canal than CH if only a short duration of exposure is used because of its more efficient antibacterial effect. However, if a longer exposure time is used, then CH is a better choice because of its better disinfecting effect over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Medicine, Endodontic and Dental Trauma Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel. sh_lin@rambam.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Shaul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Anda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kfir
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laviv
authors.forename: Galit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sela
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fuss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D017613:Iodine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008422:Materials Testing; D011193:Potassium Iodide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017613:Iodine Compounds; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; C439385:iodine potassium iodide; D011193:Potassium Iodide; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide