title: Improving endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation on titanium by sol-gel derived oxide coating.
abstract: In-stent restenosis becomes increasingly prevalent as a difficult-to-treat disease. An alternative therapeutic strategy is enhancing endothelialization on metallic stent surfaces. This study attempted to modify surface chemistry and topography of commercial pure titanium (cp-Ti) by different sol-gel derived oxide coatings (TiO(2), SiO(2), SiO(2)/TiO(2), and Nb(2)O(5)) to improve endothelialization. The physiochemical properties of the modified surfaces were characterized by ellipsometry, atomic force microscope, and sessile-drop method. The cell adhesion/proliferation quantity, cell adhesion morphology, and focal adhesion protein expression were evaluated with human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell line. The thickness of oxide coatings approximates to 100 nm; significantly rougher nanoporous structure was found in the TiO(2) and Nb(2)O(5) coatings than that of cp-Ti. SiO(2) coating possesses the highest surface energy (75.1 mJ/m(2)) and the lowest was for cp-Ti (45.7 mJ/m(2)). TiO(2) coating showed significantly higher endothelial cell adhesion rate than others; TiO(2), Nb(2)O(5), and TiO(2)/SiO(2) coatings exhibited higher endothelial proliferation in 3-day assays than noncoated Ti. In hemocompatible test, they also showed good hemocompatibility. These results offer the insight into that certain oxide coatings on titanium could significantly improve endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation especially in early period, which will favor reaching the endothelialization rapidly and suitable as matrix for "endothelial seeding" stent.
authors.affiliation: Groupe de Recherche sur les Biomatériaux, Laboratoire de Biophysique UPRES EA 1049, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lille-2 59045 Lille, France.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ochsenbein
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Traisnel
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Breme
authors.forename: Hartmut F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D048430:Cell Shape; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000517:prevention & control; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D036103:Nanotechnology; D015607:Stents; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium