title: Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of circulating tumor cells in metastatic prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of characterizing gene copy number alteration by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of circulating tumor cells (CTC) isolated using the CellSearch system in patients with progressive castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used probe combinations that included the androgen receptor (AR) and MYC genes for FISH analysis of CTC samples collected from 77 men with castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High-level chromosomal amplification of AR was detected in 38% and relative gain of MYC in 56% of samples analyzed. No such abnormalities were detected in samples with CTC counts of <10, reflecting ascertainment difficulty in these lower count samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CTC isolated from our patient cohort present a very similar molecular cytogenetic profile to that reported for late-stage tumors and show that FISH analysis of CTC can be a valuable, noninvasive surrogate for routine tumor profiling. That as many as 50% of these patients have substantial amplification of the AR locus indicates that androgen signaling continues to play an important role in late-stage prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Cytogenetics Core Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Leversha
authors.forename: Jialian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Asgari
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Danila
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Espinoza
authors.forename: Aseem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lilja
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fleisher
authors.forename: Howard I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Scher
mesh_terms: D018628:Gene Dosage; D016259:Genes, myc; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D011944:Receptors, Androgen