title: Cytokine treatment of macrophage suppression of T cell activation.
abstract: High Mphi:T cell ratios suppress the immune response to the retroviral superantigen Mls by IFNgamma-triggered production of the arg- and trp-consuming enzymes iNOS and IDO. Attempts to reverse suppression by treatment with pro-inflammatory cytokines revealed that IL-6 improved the T cell response to Mls and the pro-hematopoietic cyokines IL-3 and GM-CSF increased suppression. GM-CSF treatment increased Mphi expression of CD80, a ligand for the immune suppressive B7H1 and CTLA-4 receptors. These results illustrate potential strategies for reversing the suppression of cell-mediated immunity characteristic of the high Mphi:T cell ratios found in many tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Rider University, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648-3099, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silberman
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bucknum
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kozlowski
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matlack
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riggs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016513:Mice, SCID; D016747:Minor Lymphocyte Stimulatory Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019139:Tumor Escape
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D016747:Minor Lymphocyte Stimulatory Antigens; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II