title: Work of breathing and different levels of volume-targeted ventilation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of different volume-targeted levels on the work of breathing and to investigate whether a level that reduced the work of breathing below that experienced during ventilatory support without volume targeting could be determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  The transdiaphragmatic pressure-time product, as an estimate of the work of breathing, was measured for 20 infants (median gestational age: 28 weeks) who were being weaned from respiratory support by using patient-triggered ventilation (either assist-control ventilation or synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation). The transdiaphragmatic pressure-time product was measured first without volume targeting (baseline) and then at volume-targeted levels of 4, 5, and 6 mL/kg, delivered in random order. After each volume-targeted level, the infants were returned to baseline. Each step was maintained for 20 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean transdiaphragmatic pressure-time product was higher with volume targeting at 4 mL/kg in comparison with baseline, regardless of the patient-triggered mode. The transdiaphragmatic pressure-time product was higher at a volume-targeted level of 4 mL/kg in comparison with 5 mL/kg and at 5 mL/kg in comparison with 6 mL/kg. The mean work of breathing was below that at baseline only at a volume-targeted level of 6 mL/kg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low volume-targeted levels increase the work of breathing during volume-targeted ventilation. Our results suggest that, during weaning, a volume-targeted level of 6 mL/kg, rather than a lower level, could be used to avoid an increase in the work of breathing.
authors.affiliation: Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Lung Biology, King's College London School of Medicine, London, SE5 9RS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Deena-Shefali
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prendergast
authors.forename: Gerrard F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Rafferty
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Greenough
mesh_terms: D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000379:methods; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013990:Tidal Volume; D015300:Ventilator Weaning / Q000379:methods*; D014939:Work of Breathing