title: Higher placental anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine expression in HIV-1 infected women receiving longer zidovudine prophylaxis associated with nevirapine.
abstract: Placental cytokine balance may be critical for the control of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. We assessed whether the type and duration of antiretrovirals used for prevention of HIV-1-MTCT modified the inflammatory cytokine profile. We investigated the levels of cytokine expression in the placentas of 61 HIV-1-infected women who received zidovudine (ZDV) plus single dose nevirapine (SD-NVP) or ZDV only for prevention of MTCT. Placentas of 38 HIV-1-uninfected women were included as controls. All placentas were obtained after vaginal delivery. Levels of mRNA and cytokine expression were quantified using real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively, in placental explants and 24-hour culture supernatants and analyzed in relation to the women's characteristics and the type and duration of antiretroviral prophylaxis. HIV-1-infected and uninfected women did not show any differences in the expression of placental cytokine secretion except for a trend toward lower TNF-alpha mRNA levels in HIV-1-infected women. Within the HIV-1-infected group, women who were exposed to a long duration of ZDV (>72 days) or received SD-NVP less than 5h prior to delivery, more frequently expressed detectable levels of IL-10 in their placentas (32% versus 7% (p = 0.01) and 32% versus 5% (p = 0.02), respectively). No infant was found to be HIV-1-infected. Our results showed a normalization of the placental cytokine balance in HIV-1-infected women receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis. Furthermore, the type and duration of antiretroviral prophylaxis have an impact on the placental anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression level, which may contribute to controlling HIV replication at the placental level, thus reducing MTCT of HIV-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Sakorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pornprasert
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Mary
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Faye
authors.forename: Pranee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leechanachai
authors.forename: Aram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Limtrakul
authors.forename: Sungwal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rugpao
authors.forename: Pannee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sirivatanapa
authors.forename: Vorapin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gomuthbutra
authors.forename: Wanmanee
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Matanasaravoot
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Le Coeur
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lallemant
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barré-Sinoussi
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Menu
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ngo-Giang-Huong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010920:Placenta / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015215:Zidovudine; D019829:Nevirapine