title: A cross-sectional study of anemia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anemia is a frequent complication of infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The causes of HIV-related anemia are multifactorial. This study was conducted to evaluate the factors associated with anemia in HIV-infected patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 642 patients with HIV/AIDS attending the HIV Clinic at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Tehran, Iran enrolled in this study. A detailed history and physical examination was done for all the patients. Investigations included CD4+ count, hemoglobin concentration, and red blood cells morphology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among HIV-infected patients, 87% were males. The mean duration of antiretroviral therapy was 17.9+/-9.2 months. The mean (+/-SD) hemoglobin level was 12.9+/-2.31 mg/dL. Evaluation of red blood cell morphology showed macrocytosis in 11%, normocytosis plus normochromia in 41.1%, and microcytosis plus hypochromia in 47.9% of the patients. The prevalence of anemia (defined as hemoglobin<10 mg/dL) was 10.3%. Anemia was positively associated with female sex (OR=3.01), CD4 level (CD4 count of <200) (OR=3.49), and antituberculous drug administration (OR=4.57).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female sex, stage of HIV infection, and antituberculous drug use were the most important factors associated with anemia in HIV-infected patients in our study.
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS (IRCHA), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jam
authors.forename: Amitis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramezani
authors.forename: Duman
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sabzvari
authors.forename: Banafsheh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moradmand-Badie
authors.forename: Seyedahmad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seyedalinaghi
authors.forename: Hossain
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jabbari
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fattahi
authors.forename: Minoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohraz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents