title: Psychosis secondary to traumatic brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can result in serious and disabling neuropsychiatric disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors report a case of a 51-year old male, admitted to the psychiatric ward for acute psychosis and suicidal ideation, probably associated with TBI. After a temporal head trauma he initiated auditory/verbal hallucinations and subsequently developed paranoid delusions. The electroencephalography showed slow bilateral temporal activity and the neuropsychological testing showed several impairments. The patient improved with olanzapine at a dosage of 20 mg daily.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This case shows the difficulty of differential diagnosis between schizophrenia and psychotic disorder due to traumatic brain injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors conducted a revision of literature about the diagnosis, epidemiology, clinical aspects, laboratory and structural investigations and the treatment of this condition. Based on this revision work, the authors sketch some recommendations about the work-up that should be done when faced with this diagnostic hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal. dfguerreiro@gmail.com
authors.forename: D F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Guerreiro
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gois
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010259:Paranoid Disorders / Q000150:complications; D011174:Portugal; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine