title: Combustion of horse manure for heat production.
abstract: The main objectives of this paper have been to evaluate the use of horse manure and wood-shavings as a fuel for heat production and to provide sets of data on the chemical composition, ash characteristics and ash forming elements of the fuel. Another objective has been to investigate the possibility to use the ash as fertiliser by analysing the heavy metal and nutrient contents. The results showed that the fuel is well suited for combustion for heat production causing low emissions of products of incomplete combustion. The emissions of NO(x) were however high due to the high content of fuel bound nitrogen. Emissions of CO and NO(x) were typically in the range of 30-150 mg/Nm(3) and 280-350 mg/Nm(3) at 10 vol% O(2), respectively. The analysis of the ash showed on sufficiently low concentration of heavy metals to allow recycling.
authors.affiliation: Division of Energy Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, S-971 87 Luleå, Sweden. joakim@ltu.se
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lundgren
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pettersson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005390:Fires; D006361:Heating / Q000379:methods*; D006736:Horses; D008372:Manure; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008372:Manure