title: Combined transconjunctival and transcaruncular approach for repair of large medial orbital wall fractures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the combined transcaruncular and transconjunctival approach in isolated large medial orbital wall fractures and to study the implications of uncorrected posterior orbital volume on postoperative enophthalmos.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective medical record review was performed of 23 consecutive patients who underwent reduction surgery for isolated large medial orbital wall fractures using the combined transcaruncular and transconjunctival approach between February 1, 2003, and October 31, 2007. The unaffected contralateral orbital volume was assumed to represent the pretrauma volume of the affected orbit, and the uncorrected posterior orbital volume after reduction was determined using a software program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (SD) volume of the affected orbit changed from 26.00 (2.01) cm3 to 24.08 (2.06) cm3 after reduction, which was still larger than the contralateral unaffected orbit by 1.48 (0.83) cm3. Despite the uncorrected volume in the most posterior portion of the medial wall, the mean (SD) postoperative enophthalmos measured only 0.17 (0.29) mm using Hertel exophthalmometry at a mean follow-up of 8.5 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined transconjunctival and transcaruncular approach results in excellent outcomes in terms of prevention of postoperative enophthalmos of the large medial wall fracture without substantial complications. The far posterior medial volume may not contribute significantly to the development of posttraumatic enophthalmos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Vision Research, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Christopher Seungkyu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin Sook
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sang Yeul
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000601:surgery*; D015841:Enophthalmos / Q000517:prevention & control; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005133:Eye Movements; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D009915:Orbit / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012826:Silicone Elastomers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012826:Silicone Elastomers