title: Intergenerational linkages in antisocial behaviour.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A life-course perspective was used to examine whether a parent's adolescent antisocial behaviour increases the chances of his or her child being involved in antisocial behaviour and, if so, the extent to which different aspects of parenting mediate this relationship.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  It was hypothesised that there will be significant levels of intergenerational continuity in antisocial behaviour when parents have ongoing contact with the child, and that stress from parenting and ineffective parenting styles will mediate this relationship.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal data from the Rochester Intergenerational Study were used to test these issues in structural equation models for fathers and for mothers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parental antisocial behaviour is significantly related to child antisocial behaviour for mothers and for fathers who have frequent contact with the child, but not for fathers with infrequent contact. For mothers, the impact of adolescent antisocial behaviour on the child's antisocial behaviour is primarily mediated through parenting stress and effective parenting. For high-contact fathers there are multiple mediating pathways that help explain the impact of their adolescent antisocial behaviour on their child's behaviour.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The roots of antisocial behaviour extend back at least to the parent's adolescence, and parenting interventions need to consider these long-term processes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, 1877 Broadway, Suite 601, Boulder, CO 80302, USA. terence.thornberry@colorado.edu
authors.forename: Terence P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Thornberry
authors.forename: Adrienne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Freeman-Gallant
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lovegrove
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016901:Intergenerational Relations; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011582:Psychological Theory