title: Peritoneal fluid adipokines: ready for prime time?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Visceral adipose tissues secret a variety of adipokines; however, it is not known whether they are present in the peritoneal fluid. It was the aim of this study to investigate peritoneal fluid concentrations of novel (cartonectin, omentin) and classical adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin) in patients with ascites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six patients (71 men and 25 women) undergoing paracentesis were included. Of these, 76 suffered from liver cirrhosis. Adipokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay or Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each adipokine was detected in ascites with a broad range. Serum-ascites ratios (SAR) correlated with clinical and laboratory parameters. The main variables influencing peritoneal fluid adipokine concentrations were body mass index (BMI), local inflammation, systemic inflammation and serum adipokine concentrations. Resistin was significantly higher in patients with peritonitis and showed a positive correlation with peripheral leucocytes (white blood cell count). Leptin was correlated with the underlying disease. Visfatin correlated with peripheral white blood cell and C-reactive protein levels. Omentin expression was correlated with ascitic leucocyte count, ascitic albumin concentration and low albumin SAR. BMI was correlated positively with ascitic leptin levels and cartonectin protein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peritoneal fluid adipokine concentrations are characterized by individual SARs, depend on the presence of peritonitis, and correlate with underlying disease, BMI and systemic inflammation. The data open a new field of research on the role of the peritoneum and visceral adipokines in gastrointestinal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wiest
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leidl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weigert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neumeier
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buechler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schoelmerich
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schäffler
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001201:Ascites / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019152:Paracentesis / Q000379:methods; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin