title: Time course of bacterial diversity in stool samples of malnourished children with cholera receiving treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent nutritional interventions have targeted colonic functions in patients with infectious diarrhea during rehydration and during recovery from malnutrition, with the assumption that the effects will be influenced by metabolism of complex carbohydrates by colonic bacteria. However, the diversity of colonic bacteria in patients with cholera is not known.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the diversity of colonic bacteria in malnourished children with cholera before and during treatment with oral rehydration salt solutions containing 1 of these 3 substrates: glucose, rice, or amylase-resistant starch.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial fecal samples were collected from 30 malnourished children with cholera until completion of rehydration and partial nutritional recovery; 11 malnourished children without diarrhea; and 6 better nourished children. Polymerase chain reaction, using universal primers for 16S rDNA, was performed on chromosomal DNA extracted from the stool samples, and the products were separated by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Vibrio cholerae band was detected in all children at enrollment and disappeared within 2 days. On day 2, a rapid and significant increase in the band numbers was observed, which was followed by a steady increase until day 28. After full recovery from cholera and partial recovery from malnutrition, the number of bands (11.5+/-2.8) was lower than in healthy children (22.2+/-1.3). On day 3, the number of bands was greater with rice or amylase-resistant starch than with glucose (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacterial diversity was markedly but transiently altered in severely malnourished children with cholera receiving therapy.
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Laboratory Sciences Division, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. shirajum_monira@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Shirajum
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Monira
authors.forename: Nur Haque
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suau
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Magne
authors.forename: Gopinath Balakrish
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Polash Chandra
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Karmakar
authors.forename: Motiur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pochart
authors.forename: Jehan-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Desjeux
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002771:Cholera / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D014734:Vibrio cholerae
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates