title: Dietary supplementations of amino acids: evidence for enhanced serotonergic functions following haloperidol withdrawal in rat medial prefrontal cortex.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of orally supplemented amino acids L-Tryptophan (Trp) and L-Valine (Val) in rats repeatedly injected with haloperidol following one week of drug withdrawal, with particular reference to extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) metabolism in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi from December 2007 to February 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on thirty six locally bred male Albino Wistar rats. Freshly prepared amino acids (Val and Trp) were added in the drinking water of rats on alternate days and haloperidol at doses of 5.0 mg/kg or saline were injected twice daily for three weeks following one week of withdrawal. Locomotor/ exploratory activities were scored in activity boxes and open field apparatuses. Catalepsy was monitored on an inclined surface. The animals tested for locomotor activity and catalepsy for two weeks follow-up post-injections plus one week of drug withdrawal were decapitated to collect mPFC regions of rat brain for neurochemical analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was significant increase (p<0.01) in locomotor activity in rats orally supplemented with Val and Trp following one week of drug withdrawal from repeated administration. Marked reduction in cataleptogenic effects of the drug was also observed. Significant (p<0.01) increases in the brain Trp and mPFC 5-HT metabolism in Val and Trp supplemented animals were also noticed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings help to demonstrate the effect of dietary amino acids, in particular, Trp to potentiate mPFC serotonergic modulation of neuroleptic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi. baigsaeeda@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Farhat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Batool
authors.forename: Shoaib
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Darakhshan Jabeen
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Haleem
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002375:Catalepsy / Q000139:chemically induced; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000378:metabolism*; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014633:Valine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012701:Serotonin; D014364:Tryptophan; D014633:Valine; D006220:Haloperidol