[Liver rupture of a subcapsular haematoma after pharmacologic revascularization (Streptokinase) for acute myocardial infarction--case report].
We report the case of a 56 years old male patient, smoker, obese, with untreated arterial hypertension, hospitalized on 16.02.07 with the diagnosis of inferior acute myocardial infarction, for which he received thrombolysis with streptokinase, followed by anticoagulation with non fractioned heparin. Two days later he started to complain of acute abdominal pain, and laboratory findings showed a low hemoglobin level. Imaging findings (ultrasonography and CT scan) showed evidence of subcapsular liver haematoma, caused by bleeding at hepatic and splenic level. He received red blood packed cells, fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, activated factor VII and was transferred by helicopter to Fundeni Clinical Institute--Intensive care unit (ICU). On admission, the patient was conscious, anxious, dyspneic, with mild hypoxia, with no signs of low cardiac output and with a painful abdomen. ECG, echocardiography and elevated myocardial necrosis enzymes confirmed myocardial infarction. Shortly after admission there was a worsening of his clinical condition, with a decrease in hemoglobin level despite red blood packed cells administration (Hb=7.8 g/dl) and thrombocytopenia (82000/mmc), with normal coagulation tests, thus suggesting active intraabdominal bleeding. Echography and CT scan confirmed bleeding. Emergency surgery was performed, showing massive haemoperitoneum (approx 4.5 L of blood), due to spontaneous rupture of a subcapsular hematoma in the liver. The surgical hemostasis was performed on the liver parenchyma laceration. Duration of surgery was 4 hours. There were no significant cardiac events during surgery (no signs of ischemia on ECG, no ST elevation), despite the need for inotropic agent. After surgery, the patient was referred to the ICU, intubated and ventilated, with inotropic support - dobutamine. Sequential ECG's, enzymatic trend and echocardiographies were performed to monitor myocardial ischemia. The outcome was favourable, no further bleeding and no postoperative myocardial infarction occurred. Secondary prevention was started early (thromboprophylaxis, selective beta-blocker, angiotensin inhibitors and statins). The patient had a favorable outcome and was discharged from the ICU the fourth day after surgery. He had a total length of stay in hospital of seven days, with a follow-up in the cardiology department.
Tomescu
Dana
D
Centrul ATI, Institutul Clinic Fundeni, Bucureşti, România. danatomescu@gmail.com
Vişan
Anca
A
Popescu
I
I
Tulbure
D
D
D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006406:Hematoma / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000139:chemically induced; D013158:Splenic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D013300:Streptokinase / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006493:Heparin; D013300:Streptokinase