title: Hepcidin downregulation by repeated bleeding is not mediated by soluble hemojuvelin.
abstract: Hepcidin is a key regulator of iron homeostasis, while hemojuvelin is an important component of the hepcidin regulation pathway. It has been recently proposed that soluble hemojuvelin, produced from hemojuvelin by the protease furin, decreases hepcidin expression. The aim of the presented study was to examine the downregulation of hepcidin by chronic bleeding in hemojuvelin-mutant mice. Male mice with targeted disruption of the hemojuvelin gene (Hjv-/- mice) and wild-type littermates were maintained on an iron-deficient diet and subjected to weekly phlebotomies for 7 weeks. Gene expression was examined by real-time PCR. In wild type mice, repeated bleeding decreased hepcidin mRNA by two orders of magnitude. In Hjv-/- mice, basal hepcidin expression was low; however, repeated bleeding also decreased hepcidin mRNA content by an order of magnitude. Phlebotomies reduced hepatic iron overload in Hjv-/- mice by 80 %. Liver and muscle furin mRNA content was not significantly changed. No effect on hepatic Tmprss6 mRNA content was observed. Results from the study indicate that soluble hemojuvelin is not the sole factor responsible for hepcidin downregulation. In addition, the presented data suggest that, under in vivo conditions, tissue hypoxia does not transcriptionally regulate the activity of furin or TMPRSS6 proteases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathophysiology and Center of Experimental Hematology, Charles University in Prague, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic. jkri@lf1.cuni.cz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krijt
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujikura
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sefc
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vokurka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hlobenová
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Necas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004920:Erythropoiesis; D045683:Furin / Q000378:metabolism; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D000071020:Hemochromatosis Protein; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D064451:Hepcidins; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D019190:Iron Overload / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D018962:Phlebotomy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C504414:HJV protein, mouse; C579599:Hamp protein, mouse; D000071020:Hemochromatosis Protein; D064451:Hepcidins; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C467801:matriptase 2; D045683:Furin