title: Objective findings with malpositioning of a nucleus 24RE(CA) cochlear implant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proper intracochlear placement of cochlear implant electrode arrays is believed to be important for optimum speech perception results. However, objective tests of cochlear implant function typically provide little or no information about the intracochlear placement of the array. We report the results for a variety of objective tests, including averaged electrode voltage (AEV) measurements, in a patient where the electrode array had folded up on itself during insertion.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether any of the objective measures provided evidence of incorrect electrode placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Objective test data are reported for a patient with an incorrectly positioned electrode array, prior to and following reimplantation, and compared to data obtained in 42 patients with normal insertions.
  
  
  METHODS
  One patient with an incorrectly placed electrode array, prior to and following reimplantation, and a sample of 42 implant recipients with correct insertions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient with the malpositioned electrode array was explanted and reimplanted. The results for the first and the second implant, with regards to objective test results, are compared. The results are also compared to the data obtained on 42 implant recipients with normal insertions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The objective test data (primarily AEV data) are compared with AEV results obtained in 42 patients with normal electrode insertions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the electrode array had folded up on itself during insertion, intraoperative electrode impedances and VIII nerve responses, as well as postoperative electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses, were within normal limits. However, averaged electrode voltages, obtained with the Nucleus Crystal Integrity Test system, were abnormal and consistent with a low-impedance pathway between the apical and middle portions of the electrode array.
authors.affiliation: School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. pijl@interchange.ubc.ca
authors.forename: Sipke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pijl
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Westerberg
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gustin
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001300:Audiometry, Evoked Response; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003638:Deafness / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D020878:Device Removal; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012086:Reoperation; D013063:Speech Discrimination Tests; D000159:Vestibulocochlear Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology