title: Influence of borneol on primary mice oral fibroblasts: a penetration enhancer may be used in oral submucous fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Borneol, a widely used food and cosmetics additive, has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and penetration enhancing effects. We try to use it as a penetration enhancer for a formula which we have used to treat oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). To assess its safety, we investigate its effects on primary mice oral fibroblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary mice oral fibroblasts were cultured, the effects of borneol on fibroblasts proliferation, cytotoxicity, collagen production, matrix metalloproteinases-2,9 (MMP-2,9) activities and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) production were tested by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, lactic dehydrogenase activity assay, chloramine T method, gelatin zymography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Borneol, from 18.75 to 300 microg/ml, could significantly (P < 0.05) decrease the growth of fibroblasts and very significantly (P < 0.01) inhibit collagen production in a concentration dependant manner. From 18.75 to 150 microg/ml, borneol had no cytotoxicity on mice oral fibroblasts. Moreover borneol could significantly (P < 0.05) decrease MMP-2 activity, and very significantly (P < 0.01) inhibit TIMP-1 production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that borneol has anti-fibrosis activity and the mechanism may partly be relevant to its inhibiting effects on fibroblasts mitosis, collagen and TIMP-1 production. It can be safely used as a penetration enhancer for our formula to treat OSF.
authors.affiliation: School of Food & Bioengineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Bei
authors.forename: Bang-Xing
authors.initials: BX
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001892:Camphanes / Q000633:toxicity*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000633:toxicity*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D009914:Oral Submucous Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010476:Perfume / Q000633:toxicity*; D010539:Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D001892:Camphanes; D004337:Drug Carriers; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D010476:Perfume; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D003094:Collagen; C022871:isoborneol