title: D2 plus para-aortic lymphadenectomy versus standardized D2 lymphadenectomy in gastric cancer surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the survival benefits and safety of D2 plus para-aortic lymphadenectomy (D2 + PALD) for gastric carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with gastric carcinoma, who agreed to undergo D2 + PALD between February 2001 and December 2003, were allocated to the D2 + PALD group, and compared with a control group who underwent D2 lymphadenectomy. Patients were followed up until August 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-two patients were allocated to the D2 + PALD group, and a concurrent 55 patients were allocated to the D2 group. The mean follow-up period was 57.6 (range 43.0-77.6) months, with 11.1% lost to follow-up. The morbidity and mortality rates were 24.2% and 0% in the D2 + PALD group, and 27.3% and 1.8% in the D2 group, respectively. The overall 3- and 5-year survival rates were 77.5% and 65.8% in the D2 + PALD group, and 73.2% and 66.1% in the D2 group, respectively, without a significant difference. The frequency of metastasis to the para-aortic lymph nodes (PALN) was 8.1%. The logistic regression revealed that PALN metastasis was correlated to metastasis of No. 8a and No. 9 lymph nodes (P = 0.021 and P = 0.030, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although D2 + PALD can be performed safely with an acceptable incidence of complications when performed by well-trained gastrointestinal surgeons, its survival benefits are not significantly greater than those of D2 lymphadenectomy. Therefore, routine D2 + PALD should not be recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guo Xue Xiang No. 37, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Jian-Kun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin-Zu
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhi-Xin
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jia-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012449:Safety; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome