title: NFkappaB activity and transcriptional responses in human breast adenocarcinoma cells after single and fractionated irradiation.
abstract: Radiotherapy is considered mandatory for breast cancer patients undergoing conservative surgery and for women at high risk of recurrence. However, relapse due to radio-resistance affects the success of radiotherapy. Ascertaining the fractionated radiation (FIR) modulated molecular targets is important to make tumors more susceptible to molecular targeted therapy. Accordingly, we investigated the (i) expression of 84 genes representing six functional pathways; (ii) NFkappaB DNA binding activity and; (iii) expression of radio-responsive molecules after single dose (10Gy) radiation (SDR) and FIR (2Gyx5). MCF-7 cells exposed to SDR or FIR were analyzed for alterations in gene expression using QPCR-profiling. NFkappaB DNA binding activity was analyzed using EMSA and pIkappaB using immunoblotting. Expression of TNFalpha, IL-1alpha, pAKT, IAP1, IAP2, XIAP, survivin, MnSOD, BID and Bak were determined using QPCR and/or immunoblotting. Compared to SDR, FIR significantly induced 60 genes and completely suppressed 14 genes. Furthermore, FIR induced NFkappaB-DNA binding activity and IkappaBalpha phosphorylation. Like-wise, FIR induced the expression of IAP1, IAP2, XIAP Survivin, MnSOD, TNFalpha, pAKT and IL-1alpha. The results of the study clearly show distinct differences in the molecular response of cells between SDR and FIR exposures. We identified several potential targets that may affect radio-resistance following FIR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 825 NE 10th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
authors.forename: Rakhesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madhusoodhanan
authors.forename: Mohan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Natarajan
authors.forename: Jamunarani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Veeraraghavan
authors.forename: Terence S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Natarajan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aravindan
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D000075747:Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000077022:Survivin; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000528:radiation effects*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000077022:Survivin; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; C496866:XIAP protein, human; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C494832:BIRC3 protein, human; D000075747:Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases