title: Group psychoeducation for stabilised bipolar disorders: 5-year outcome of a randomised clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The long-term efficacy of psychological interventions for bipolar disorders has not been tested.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed the efficacy of group psychoeducation to prevent recurrences and to reduce time spent ill for people with bipolar disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomised controlled trial with masked outcome assessment comparing group psychoeducation and non-structured group intervention during 5-year follow-up. One hundred and twenty people with bipolar disorders were included in the study and 99 completed 5-year follow-up. Time to any recurrence, number of recurrences, total number of days spent ill, frequency and length of hospitalisations were the main outcome measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the 5-year follow-up, time to any recurrence was longer for the psychoeducation group (log rank=9.953, P<0.002). The psychoeducation group had fewer recurrences (3.86 v. 8.37, F=23.6, P<0.0001) of any type and they spent less time acutely ill (154 v. 586 days, F=31.66, P=0.0001). The median number of days of hospitalisation per hospitalised participant was also lower for the psychoeducation group (45 v. 30, F=4.26, P=0.047).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Six-month group psychoeducation has long-lasting prophylactic effects in individuals with bipolar disorders. Group psychoeducation is the first psychological intervention showing such a long-term maintained efficacy in people with bipolar disorders.
authors.affiliation: Bipolar Disorders Program, Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Colom
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vieta
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Moreno
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palomino-Otiniano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reinares
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Goikolea
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benabarre
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez-Arán
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult