title: An electrophysiological measure of binaural hearing in noise.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A common complaint of patients with (central) auditory processing disorder is difficulty understanding speech in noise. Because binaural hearing improves speech understanding in compromised listening situations, quantifying this ability in different levels of noise may yield a measure with high clinical utility.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine binaural enhancement (BE) and binaural interaction (BI) in different levels of noise for the auditory brainstem response (ABR) and middle latency response (MLR) in a normal hearing population.
  
  
  METHODS
  An experimental study in which subjects were exposed to a repeated measures design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen normal hearing female adults served as subjects. Normal hearing was assessed by pure-tone audiometry and otoacoustic emissions.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects were exposed to 0, 20, and 35 dB effective masking (EM) of white noise during monotic and diotic click stimulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  ABR and MLR responses were simultaneously acquired. Peak amplitudes and latencies were recorded and compared across conditions using a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For BE, ABR results showed enhancement at 0 and 20 dB EM, but not at 35 dB EM. The MLR showed BE at all noise levels, but the degree of BE decreased with increasing noise level. For BI, both the ABR and MLR showed BI at all noise levels. However, the degree of BI again decreased with increasing noise level for the MLR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate the ability to measure BE simultaneously in the ABR and MLR in up to 20 dB of EM noise and BI in up to 35 dB EM of noise. Results also suggest that ABR neural generators may respond to noise differently than MLR generators.
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut, Department of Communication Disorders, Neuroaudiology Lab, Storrs, CT 06238, USA. Jeffrey.Weihing@Uconn.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weihing
authors.forename: Frank E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Musiek
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001308:Auditory Perceptual Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000503:physiopathology; D004007:Dichotic Listening Tests; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006313:Hearing Loss, Central / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009622:Noise; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000502:physiology; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D055815:Young Adult