title: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing botulinum toxin injection with lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this review is to systematically analyze the prospective randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of botulinum toxin injection (Botox) vs. lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) for the treatment of chronic anal fissure (CAF).
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of the literature was undertaken. The prospective randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of Botox vs. LIS for the management of CAF were selected according to specific criteria and analyzed to generate pooling data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four studies encompassing 279 patients were qualified for the meta-analysis. There was a statistically significant higher healing in LIS group compared with Botox group (RR 1.31[1.57, 1.50] 95% CI, z = 4.11, p < 0.0001). Absolute benefit increase rate (ABI) is 23% for LIS group compared with Botox group. The recurrence rate was statistically significantly higher in Botox groups than in LIS groups (RR 5.83[2.96, 11.49] 95% CI, z = 5.09, p < 0.00001).LIS was associated with a high rate of minor anal incontinence as compared to Botox (RR 0.08[0.01, 0.59] 95% CI, z = 2.47, p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Botulinum toxin injection was associated with a higher rate of recurrent disease. LIS was more effective in healing chronic anal fissure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Coloproctology, Nanjing TCM University Hospital, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Wan-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Guo-Chun
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhi-Kun
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005401:Fissure in Ano / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012008:Recurrence; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A