Anti-inflammatory strategies for homocysteine-related cardiovascular disease.
Homocysteine may induce vascular damage for atherosclerosis. Vitamin/folate supplementation has been proposed to reduce the cardiovascular disease risk. Nevertheless, there is no randomized clinical trial clearly proving the efficacy of reducing the homocysteine as a means of lowering the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Homocysteine induces oxidative stress leading to endothelial dysfunction. In addition, homocysteine-induced oxidative stress favors lipid peroxidation and induces production of inflammatory factors, thus accelerating atherosclerosis. In this paper, we reviewed the available evidence concerning the association between homocysteine and cardiovascular disease, with the objective of discussing the pertinence of screening, treatment, and prevention of hyperhomocysteinemia-related cardiovascular disease. Our previous findings also indicated the significant role of mononuclear cells activation in homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction; treatment with statins attenuated homocysteine-induced endothelial adhesiveness, indicating the novel endothelial protection effects of statins in the presence of homocysteine. Since inflammation and oxidative stress are critical to homocysteine-induced vascular damage, the improvement of endothelial dysfunction and the inhibition of mononuclear cell activation by anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidative drugs/agents may serve as the potential therapeutic strategy for hyperhomocysteinemia-related cardiovascular disease.
Lin
Chih-Pei
CP
Faculty of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chen
Yung-Hsiang
YH
Leu
Hsin-Bang
HB
Lin
Shing-Jong
SJ
Chen
Yuh-Lien
YL
Huang
Song-Lih
SL
Chen
Jaw-Wen
JW
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D006710:Homocysteine