title: [Effect of multiple-micronutrient supplementation on learning and memorizing ability of young rats and the ultra-structure in CA3 region of hippocampus of rat's brain].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of multiple-micronutrient on the learning and memory ability of young rats using shuttle-box, as well as to observe the ultra-structure and the synaptophysin (SYN) immunoreactive expression in the region of hippocampal CA3.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized divided into control group and 3 test groups by body weight. Rats were injected intraperitoneally with multiple-micronutrient [0 g/(kg x d), 0.74 g/(kg x d), 1.48 g/(kg x d) and 2.22 g/(kg x d)] once per day for 30 days. Active avoidance behayior of learning and memory performance in different groups were measured by shuttle-box. The immune expression of Syn in the region of hippoeampal CA3 were tested with immunohistochemical method. Moreover, ultrastructural pathologic features of the CA3 region of hippocampus were investigated by transmission electron microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The shuttle-box test showed that the time of escape reaction of high-dose group (13.15 +/- 8.106, 9.50 +/- 5.063) was longer (P < 0.05) than that of control group. The results revealed a significant increase in the number of synapses, the thickness of postsynaptic density, synaptic curvature and the absorbency of positive product of Syn immunoreaction in the region of hippocampal CA3 in high-dose group compared with control group, which were significant difference (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that synaptic plasticity might be the probable mechanism on improving the learning and memory ability by multiple-micronutrient in young rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Huaxi College of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Yikun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Junrong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013569:Synapses / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018977:Micronutrients; D016708:Synaptophysin