title: Two methods for catalytic generation of reactive enolates promoted by a chiral poly gd complex: application to catalytic enantioselective protonation reactions.
abstract: A chiral polynuclear Gd complex derived from Gd(O(i)Pr)(3) and FujiCAPO (2 or 3) catalytically generated Gd enolates through two distinct methods; transmetalation from enol silyl ethers and conjugate addition of cyanide to alpha,beta-unsaturated N-acyl pyrroles. These chiral enolates can be enantioselectively protonated by a proton in an asymmetric environment in the polynuclear catalyst. Thus, catalytic enantioselective protonation of enol silyl ethers was promoted by the Gd catalyst (5-10 mol %) in the presence of a stoichiometric amount of 2,6-dimethylphenol. Kinetic studies and dependencies of the enantioselectivity on the silyl group structure and the proton source suggest that the reaction proceeds through a Gd enolate generated through transmetalation. Moreover, the same Gd complex (5-10 mol %) promoted conjugate addition of a cyanide-enantioselective protonation sequential reaction from alpha,beta-unsaturated N-acyl pyrroles. Because Gd isocyanide was determined to be the active nucleophile in the conjugate addition catalyzed by the Gd complex, enantioselective protonation likely proceeded through a Gd enolate in this case as well. The products are versatile dual functional chiral building blocks for organic synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Ludovic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Drouin
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Motoki
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fujimori
authors.forename: Motomu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.forename: Masakatsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D000475:Alkenes / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002384:Catalysis; D005682:Gadolinium; D008722:Methods; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011522:Protons; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000475:Alkenes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011522:Protons; D005682:Gadolinium