title: Soybean diet modulates acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase expression in livers of rats recovering from early-life malnutrition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study evaluated the effect of nutritional recovery with a soybean diet on the gene and protein expressions and protein phosphorylation of several enzymes and transcription factors involved in hepatic lipid metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats from mothers fed with 17% or 6% protein (casein) during pregnancy and lactation were maintained with a 17% casein (CC and LC groups) or soybean (CS and LS groups) diet and with a 6% casein (LL group) diet until 90 d of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The soybean diet enhanced serum insulin levels but decreased body and liver weights and hepatic lipid and glycogen concentrations. Liver peroxisome proliferator receptor-alpha mRNA abundance was higher in the LS and CS groups than in the LC and CC groups, but the protein content was similar in all groups. Hepatic acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC)-alpha and ACCbeta mRNA expression was markedly lower in the LS and CS rats than in the LC and CC rats. ACC protein expression was lower in the CS group than in the CC, LC, and LS groups. Phospho-[Ser(79)]2-ACC content was similar in the CS, LC, and LS groups and lower than the CC group. In the CS rats this reduction paralleled the decrease in total ACC protein. Messenger RNA and protein expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, and phospho-[Thr(172)]-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase was not modified by the soybean diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, the soybean diet reduced the liver lipid concentration through downregulation of the ACC gene and protein expressions rather than by phosphorylation status, which possibly resulted in decreased lipogenesis and increased beta-oxidation.
authors.affiliation: Secretaria de Estado de Educação e Cultura, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maristela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milanski
authors.forename: Kleber L A
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Sílvia R L
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Naoel H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Feres
authors.forename: Letícia M I
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Vanessa C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Arantes
authors.forename: Everardo M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.forename: Antonio C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Boschero
authors.forename: Marise A B
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Márcia Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Latorraca
mesh_terms: D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002364:Caseins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013025:Glycine max
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D047493:PPAR alpha; D028321:Plant Preparations; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D006003:Glycogen; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase