title: The analgesic effects of ropivacaine in ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block in children--concentration or volume?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to compare the analgesic effects of ripovacaine when used as high concentration/small volume, versus its use as high volume/low concentration, in ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective single-blind randomized study consisting of 72 children ASA I & II, 3-9 years of age, scheduled for outpatient elective surgery. Children were randomly assigned into two equal groups (36 each), to receive ropivacaine 0.8 mg.kg(-1), for ilioinguinal-iliohypogastsric block, either as: 1 mg.ml(-1) (0.8 ml.kg(-1)) G1 group, or 2 mg.ml(-1) (0.4 ml.kg(-1)) G2 group. The postoperative pain was assessed using the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Scale (CHEOPS), at the end of surgery (H0), at one (H1), tow (H2), four (H4) and six (H6) postoperative hours. Parents were requested to record their child's pain every 6 hours during the first 24 postoperative hours, using the postoperative pain measurement for Parent Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CHEOPS score H0 was significantly lower in G2 as compared to G1 group (p = 0.03). Only 2 children in G2 as compared to 8 children in G1 group, required i.v. paracetamol administration after surgery (p = 0.04). In group G1, two children required paracetamol at home and three developed a postoperative transitory femoral nerve block (p = 0.23).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ropivacaine when used with high concentration/small volume is more efficient than when used a high volume/low concentration, for ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block in children.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anesthesia & IC, Children's Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia. mehditrifa@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trifa
authors.forename: Zied
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chaabane
authors.forename: Sofiane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dridi
authors.forename: Bessim
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sebai
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Missaoui
authors.forename: Amjed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fekih Hassen
authors.forename: Amjed Fekih
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hassen
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ben Khalifa
authors.forename: Sonia Ben
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Khalifa
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine