title: Nanoscale live-cell imaging using hopping probe ion conductance microscopy.
abstract: We describe hopping mode scanning ion conductance microscopy that allows noncontact imaging of the complex three-dimensional surfaces of live cells with resolution better than 20 nm. We tested the effectiveness of this technique by imaging networks of cultured rat hippocampal neurons and mechanosensory stereocilia of mouse cochlear hair cells. The technique allowed examination of nanoscale phenomena on the surface of live cells under physiological conditions.
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, UK.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Andrew I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Shevchuk
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stepanyan
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Trevor G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Smart
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gorelik
authors.forename: Victor P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Ostanin
authors.forename: Max J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lab
authors.forename: Guy W J
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: Gregory I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Frolenkov
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Klenerman
authors.forename: Yuri E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Korchev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D007477:Ions; D020527:Microscopy, Scanning Probe / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D007477:Ions