title: Real-time magnetic resonance imaging and quantification of lipoprotein metabolism in vivo using nanocrystals.
abstract: Semiconductor quantum dots and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals have physical properties that are well suited for biomedical imaging. Previously, we have shown that iron oxide nanocrystals embedded within the lipid core of micelles show optimized characteristics for quantitative imaging. Here, we embed quantum dots and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals in the core of lipoproteins--micelles that transport lipids and other hydrophobic substances in the blood--and show that it is possible to image and quantify the kinetics of lipoprotein metabolism in vivo using fluorescence and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging. The lipoproteins were taken up by liver cells in wild-type mice and displayed defective clearance in knock-out mice lacking a lipoprotein receptor or its ligand, indicating that the nanocrystals did not influence the specificity of the metabolic process. Using this strategy it is possible to study the clearance of lipoproteins in metabolic disorders and to improve the contrast in clinical imaging.
authors.affiliation: IBM II: Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany. o.bruns@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: Oliver T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Bruns
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ittrich
authors.forename: Kersten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peldschus
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: Ulrich I
authors.initials: UI
authors.lastname: Tromsdorf
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lauterwasser
authors.forename: Marija S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nikolic
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mollwitz
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merkel
authors.forename: Nadja C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bigall
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sapra
authors.forename: Rudolph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reimer
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hohenberg
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weller
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eychmüller
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Beisiegel
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heeren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency; D003911:Dextrans; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010087:Oxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D045663:Quantum Dots; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000172:deficiency; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D003911:Dextrans; D008074:Lipoproteins; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010087:Oxides; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D007501:Iron; C065507:ferumoxides; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide