title: The development and preliminary evaluation of a training device for wheelchair users: the GAME(Wheels) system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Training of appropriate wheelchair propulsion methods may be beneficial to the individual who uses a wheelchair by reducing the incidence of pain and improving one's quality of life. This paper discusses the development and initial testing of a training device that was developed to aid in wheelchair propulsion techniques: GAME(Wheels) System.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two separate models of GAME(Wheels) have been developed: a GAME(Wheels) Clinical and a GAME(Wheels) Trainer. Details of the development process and the refinement have been included in this manuscript. To verify and compare the practicality and functionality of the two GAME(Wheels) systems, several focus groups were conducted: first to determine whether the systems could be set-up with informational materials and second to determine if the systems could be taught to novice users.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results from the focus group indicate that the overall impressions of the systems were that they were 'fun' to play. Suggestions were raised to improve the design, which have been incorporated into further refinement of the GAME systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper provides an overview of the development of a wheelchair-training device. Valuable information was gained to improve the design of the GAME(Wheels) systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Science and Technology, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 5044 Forbes Tower, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. sgf9@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Shirley G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Rory A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zipfel
authors.forename: Donald M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Spaeth
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Puhlman
authors.forename: Annmarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kelleher
authors.forename: Rosemarie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Songfeng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D006804:Ergonomics; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D018910:Video Games; D014910:Wheelchairs