Quantum switching at a mean-field instability of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice.
It is shown that bifurcation of the mean-field dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate can be related to the quantum phase transition of the original many-body system. As an example we explore the intraband tunneling in the two-dimensional optical lattice. Such a system allows for easy control by the lattice depth as well as for macroscopic visualization of the phase transition. The system manifests switching between two self-trapping states or from a self-trapping state to a superposition of the macroscopically populated self-trapping states with a steplike variation of the control parameter about the bifurcation point. We have also observed the magnification of the microscopic difference between the even and odd number of atoms to a macroscopically distinguishable dynamics of the system.
Shchesnovich
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Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP, 09210-170 Brazil.
Konotop
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