title: Regulation of cellular glutathione peroxidase by different forms and concentrations of selenium in primary cultured bovine hepatocytes.
abstract: The expression and activity of cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) are regulated by selenium (Se). Generally speaking, organic forms of Se have less toxicity and greater bioavailability compared with inorganic forms. In this study, the effects of different forms and concentrations of Se on the regulation of mRNA level and activity of GPx1 in bovine hepatocytes were evaluated, and the optimal doses of different forms of Se that supported the full expression of GPx1 were determined. Primary cultured bovine hepatocyte monolayers derived from neonatal male Holstein calves (aged 1-2 days) were incubated for 24 h with 0 (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4 or 5 micromol/L of Se from dl-selenomethionine (Se-Met), sodium selenite (Na(2)SeO(3)) or Kappa-selenocarrageenan (Se-Car). Compared with controls, a significantly lower level of release of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) was observed at 0.5-5 micromol/L of Se-Met, 0.5-1 micromol/L of Na(2)SeO(3) and 0.5 micromol/L of Se-Car, but significantly higher LDH release was observed at 2-5 micromol/L of Na(2)SeO(3) and 3-5 micromol/L of Se-Car, and the response occurred in a dose-dependent manner. The intracellular content of reduced glutathione in all hepatocytes treated with Se was significantly lower than that of controls. Significant increases in GPx1 mRNA were obtained in all hepatocytes treated with Se, with maximal effects at 3 micromol/L of Se-Met, 1.5 micromol/L of Na(2)SeO(3) and 2 micromol/L of Se-Car, respectively. Furthermore, 3 micromol/L of Se from Se-Met resulted in peak levels of GPx1 mRNA. After reaching a maximal level, higher Se supplementation led to a reduction of GPx1 mRNA. The activity of GPx1 showed similar patterns but of lower magnitude. We conclude that (a) the regulation of mRNA level and activity of GPx1 in primary cultured bovine hepatocytes by different forms of Se varies and (b) the optimal doses of Se to support the full expression of GPx1 in bovine hepatocytes when supplied as Se-Met, Na(2)SeO(3) and Se-Car are 3, 1.5 and 2 micromol/L, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutritional and Metabolic Disorders in Domestic Animals and Fowls, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Xianshi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Kehe
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chengwu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Fu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cuiling
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012643:Selenium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012645:Selenomethionine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1
chemical_list: D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C079969:kappa-selenocarrageenan; D002351:Carrageenan; D012645:Selenomethionine; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005978:Glutathione; D012643:Selenium; D018038:Sodium Selenite; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1