title: Hematologic changes associated with Zidovudine following single-drug substitution from stavudine in a home-based AIDS care program in rural Uganda.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors evaluated hematologic changes associated with zidovudine (ZDV) following single-drug substitution from stavudine (D4T) in HIV-infected persons in Uganda.
  
  
  METHODS
  From May 2003 through February 2007, the authors evaluated incidence rates (IR) of hematologic abnormalities from quarterly blood draws among adults prescribed highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) before and after single-drug substitution of D4T to ZDV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1089 adults received D4T-containing HAART (median observation time, 35.9 months), and 290 (27%) had ZDV substituted for D4T. While taking D4T, IR for anemia was 0.35/100 person-months (PMs), leukopenia was 0.29/100 PM, and thrombocytopenia was 0.32/100 PM. While taking ZDV, IR for anemia was 0.44/100 PM, leukopenia was 1.05/100 PM, and thrombocytopenia was 0.30/100 PM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients had a higher incidence of anemia and leukopenia after substitution from D4T to ZDV, but hematologic toxicity was not a major complication in this population. Patients on ZDV-containing HAART regimens are still at risk for anemia and need close monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Global AIDS Program, National Center for HIV, Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP), CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Fatu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forna
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mermin
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Willy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Were
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Buchacz
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Downing
authors.forename: Craig B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Borkowf
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Weidle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006403:Hematologic Tests; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012424:Rural Population; D018119:Stavudine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014454:Uganda; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015215:Zidovudine; D018119:Stavudine