title: Drug-related problems in medical wards with a computerized physician order entry system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Identification and estimation, by clinical pharmacists participating in routine medical rounds, of drug-related problems (DRPs), arising despite the use of a computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 18-month prospective study of DRPs through a CPOE was conducted by seven clinical pharmacists participating in ward activity. DRPs were identified by two independent pharmacists using a structured order review (French Society of Clinical Pharmacy instrument).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 29 016 medication orders relating to 8152 patients were analysed, and 2669 DRPs, involving 1564 patients (56% female; mean age 72.6 years), were identified representing 33 DRPs per 100 admissions. The most commonly identified DRPs were non-conformity to guidelines or contra-indication (29.5%), improper administration (19.6%), drug interaction (16.7%) and overdosage (12.8%). There were 429 different drugs associated with these DRPs. Cardiovascular drugs were the most frequently implicated (22.2%), followed by antibiotics/anti-infectives (13.3%) and analgesics/antiinflammatory drugs (11.3%). Different types of DRPs were closely associated with specific classes of drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drug-related problems are common even after implementation of CPOE. In this context, routine participation of clinical pharmacists in clinical medical rounds may facilitate identification of DRPs. Pharmacists should be able to enhance patient safety through such involvement.
authors.affiliation: Pôle pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier-Universitaire de Grenoble, Grenoble, France. PBedouch@chu-grenoble.fr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bedouch
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Allenet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grass
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Labarère
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brudieu
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bosson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calop
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000075202:Contraindications; D004347:Drug Interactions; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D062787:Drug Overdose; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019300:Medical Errors; D050316:Medical Order Entry Systems; D008875:Middle Aged; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010595:Pharmacists; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations