title: The expression and prognostic role of hepatoma-derived growth factor in colorectal stromal tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the expression and prognostic role of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) in colorectal stromal tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two surgically resected colorectal stromal tumors were collected from 1986 to 2006. Immunohistochemical studies were performed with antibodies of HDGF, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki-67.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen patients (30.7 percent) had positive Ki-67 immunostaining. Immunoreactivity to PCNA ranged from 10 to 93 percent. HDGF immunostaining was found in the nucleus (20-95 percent) as well as in the cytoplasm (weak: 16; intermediate: 17; strong: 19). Upregulation of nuclear HDGF levels existed in increased cytoplasmic HDGF levels (P < 0.001). Nuclear HDGF levels were positively correlated with tumor mitotic count (P < 0.001), tumor size (P = 0.002), PCNA (P < 0.001), Ki-67 (P = 0.049), cellular pleomorphism (P = 0.029), and increased National Institutes of Health risk level (P = 0.037). Cytoplasmic HDGF levels were also correlated with PCNA (P = 0.001), tumor mitotic count (P = 0.001), high cellular pleomorphism (P = 0.001), and increased NIH risk (P = 0.043). Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that patients with high nuclear HDGF (P < 0.001) or cytoplasmic levels (P = 0.001) had shorter disease-free survival than patients with low HDGF levels. Like tumor mitotic count, nuclear HDGF was an independent prognostic factor for patients with colorectal stromal tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides clinicopathologic correlations and prognostic prediction of HDGF expression for the relatively rare colorectal stromal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital - Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tsung-Hui
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jui-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hong-Hwa
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li-Feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Seng-Kee
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chuah
authors.forename: Ming-Hong
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Tai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; C051610:hepatoma-derived growth factor