title: Flavonoids, phenoxodiol, and a novel agent, triphendiol, for the treatment of pancreaticobiliary cancers.
abstract: Flavonoids, in particular the isoflavones, are naturally occurring compounds found in soy and textured vegetables that have antiproliferative effects on a variety of cancer types. Phenoxodiol is a derivative of the isoflavone genisten that is 5-20 times more potent than genisten. Triphendiol is a derivative of phenoxodiol that has superior anticancer activity against pancreatic and bile duct cancers. This review will focus on the mechanisms of action and activity of two isoflavone derivatives, phenoxodiol and triphendiol, in various tumor types, especially pancreaticobiliary cancers. Triphendiol induces apoptosis in pancreatic cell lines by both caspase-mediated and caspase-independent mechanisms. The addition of triphendiol to gemcitabine is synergistic in in vitro and in vivo models of pancreatic cancer and represents a novel combination of drugs for pancreatic cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
authors.forename: M Wasif
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Saif
authors.forename: Ewan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tytler
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lansigan
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Husband
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001688:Biological Products / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001688:Biological Products; D005419:Flavonoids; D007529:Isoflavones; C541821:triphendiol; C471183:phenoxodiol