title: Modulation of firing activity by ATP in dopamine neurons of the rat substantia nigra pars compacta.
abstract: ATP acts as a neurotransmitter or co-neurotransmitter in many areas of the CNS and peripheral nervous systems; however, little is known about the expression and functional role of purinoceptors (P2) in midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Therefore, we investigated P2X receptor expression and regulation of spontaneous firing activity in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in rats using patch-clamp and Ca(2+)-imaging techniques. In most neurons, application of ATP (1 microM-1 mM) increased firing rate dose-dependently (EC(50)=1.26+/-0.26 microM, n=45). When the P2-receptor agonists such as 2-methylthio-adenosine 5'-triphosphate (2-MeSATP) or ATPgammaS were applied or pressure-applied to the neuron, the firing activity increased together with a rise in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]c), but application of beta,gamma-methylene ATP (P2X(1, 3) agonist) or methylthio-adenosine 5'-diphosphate (P2Y(1) agonist) had no effect. In many neurons, the effect of ATP was abolished by the application of the P2-receptor antagonists, suramin or pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid (PPADS). When ATP was applied in a Ca(2+)-free solution, there was no detectable change in [Ca(2+)]c, suggesting that ATP does not release Ca(2+) from intracellular stores. In the single-cell reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), we found that 65% of dopaminergic neurons expressed mRNAs for P2X receptors; positive amplifications of P2X(6) (57.1%), P2X(2/6) (25.0%), and P2X(4) mRNA (17.9%), respectively. From the above results, we could conclude that ATP modulates firing activities in the rat SNc dopaminergic neurons, possibly via P2X(2), P2X(2/6), and/or P2X(4) receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002491:Central Nervous System Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D011732:Pyridoxal Phosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000502:physiology*; D013498:Suramin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013873:Thionucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002491:Central Nervous System Agents; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D013873:Thionucleotides; C077792:pyridoxal phosphate-6-azophenyl-2',4'-disulfonic acid; C005147:5'-adenylyl (beta,gamma-methylene)diphosphonate; C022571:adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate); D011732:Pyridoxal Phosphate; D013498:Suramin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium; D004298:Dopamine; C008501:2-methylthio-ATP