title: Ultrastructural changes in the retinopathy, globe enlarged (rge) chick cornea.
abstract: In the cornea, the precise organisation of fibrillar collagen and associated proteoglycans comprising the stromal extracellular matrix plays a major role in governing tissue form and function. Recently, abnormal collagen alignment was noted in the misshapen corneas of mature chickens affected by the retinopathy, globe enlarged (rge) mutation. Here we further characterize corneal ultrastructural changes as the rge eye develops post-hatch. Wide-angle X-ray scattering disclosed alteration to dominant collagen lamellae directions in the rge chick cornea, compared to age-matched controls. These changes accompanied eye globe enlargement and corneal flattening in affected birds, manifesting as a progressive loss of circumferential collagen alignment in the peripheral cornea and limbus in birds older than 1 month. Collagen intermolecular separation was unchanged in rge. However, small-angle X-ray scattering results suggest collagen fibril separation and diameter increase more rapidly towards the corneal periphery in rge at 3 months post-hatch compared to controls, although central collagen fibril diameter was unchanged. By transmission electron microscopy utilising cuprolinic blue stain, the morphology and distribution of stromal proteoglycans were unaltered in rge corneas otherwise demonstrating abnormal collagen fibril organisation. From a numerical simulation of tissue mechanics, progressive remodelling of stromal collagen in rge during globe enlargement post-hatch appears to be related to the corneal morphometric changes presented by the disease.
authors.affiliation: Structural Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4LU, UK. bootec@cf.ac.uk
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boote
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Christina S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kamma-Lorger
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Hocking
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elsheikh
authors.forename: Chris F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Inglehearn
authors.forename: Manir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Keith M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Meek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen