title: Reducing central venous catheter-related bloodstream infections in children with cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a comprehensive educational program influenced the incidence of hub colonization of central venous catheters (CVCs) and bloodstream infection rates in children with cancer, to identify risk factors related to infection rates, and to determine the impact of an educational program on nurses' knowledge of CVC care for children with cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, longitudinal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pediatric cancer center in a large children's hospital in the southwestern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  51 catheter hub cultures were obtained from 27 children with cancer, and 121 nurses participated in the educational intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  CVC hub cultures were obtained prior to and three months after an educational intervention. A written pre- and posteducation assessment was used to evaluate the nurses' learning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hub colonization and bloodstream infection rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Post-test mean score of 87% was significantly higher than the pretest mean score of 72%. Prior to the education program, 57% of the hubs were culture positive, and after the educational program, the proportion of culture-positive hubs was reduced to 36%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A comprehensive educational program increases nurses' knowledge of CVC care and reduces CVC hub colonization and catheter-related bloodstream infections in children with cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient and family participation in practice changes is very important because they have the most to gain. Additional research evaluating the relationship between hub colonization and subsequent bloodstream infection in a larger sample is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Center for Evidence-Based Practice and Clinical Research, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, USA. bmhorvat@txccc.org
authors.forename: Brandi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.forename: Robbie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Norville
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.forename: MaryAnn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gregurich
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hockenberry
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education*; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000193:education; D010371:Pediatric Nursing / Q000193:education; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015206:Southwestern United States / Q000453:epidemiology