title: Extra-retinal signals support the estimation of 3D motion.
abstract: In natural settings, our eyes tend to track approaching objects. To estimate motion, the brain should thus take account of eye movements, perhaps using retinal cues (retinal slip of static objects) or extra-retinal signals (motor commands). Previous work suggests that extra-retinal ocular vergence signals do not support the perceptual judgments. Here, we re-evaluate this conclusion, studying motion judgments based on retinal slip and extra-retinal signals. We find that (1) each cue can be sufficient, and, (2) retinal and extra-retinal signals are combined, when estimating motion-in-depth. This challenges the accepted view that observers are essentially blind to eye vergence changes.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. A.E.Welchman@bham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Welchman
authors.forename: Julie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brenner
mesh_terms: D003463:Cues; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011601:Psychophysics; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000502:physiology; D015357:Vision Disparity / Q000502:physiology