title: Effect of bit depth and kVp of digital radiography for detection of subtle differences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different bit depths and kilovoltage peak (kVp) values used in intraoral digital radiography on observer performance in detecting subtle radiographic density differences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using an intraoral CCD sensor set at 8- or 12-bit depth, kVp set at 60 or 70, and 14 different exposure times, digital radiographs were acquired of a specially designed aluminum step-wedge phantom with small holes of different depths in each step. Ten observers examined all images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The observers counted more holes with the 12-bit images compared with the 8-bit images, particularly at 60 kVp. Significantly more holes were also counted with images taken at 70 kVp compared with those taken at 60 kVp.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regarding the detection of subtle radiographic density differences, 12-bit images and 70 kVp were superior to 8-bit images and 60 kVp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, BK21 and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Min-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Da-Hye
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benavides
authors.forename: Kyung-Hoe
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: Won-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Sam-Sun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soon-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D006801:Humans; D015588:Observer Variation; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity