title: Intergenerational transmission of internalising and externalising behaviours across three generations: gender-specific pathways.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have examined gender-specific pathways in the intergenerational transmission of internalising and externalising behaviours across three generations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The current study considered both parental figures' internalising and externalising symptoms simultaneously and tested path models of the transmission of internalising and externalising symptoms from Generation 1 (G1) to Generation 2 (G2) and from G2 to Generation 3 (G3) by focusing on gender-specific pathways.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used data from the Oregon Youth Study of 206 young men and two associated studies of their intimate partners (Couples Study) and children (Three-Generational Study) over 20 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings indicated that, in general, mothers' internalising behaviour showed robust influence on offspring's internalising symptoms across three generations, regardless of gender of the child. G2 men's externalising behaviour was further predicted by G1 mothers' internalising as well as externalising behaviour, albeit the latter was only marginally significant. G3 girls' internalising and externalising behaviour was predicted by their fathers' corresponding behaviour. Overall, fathers' influence on their sons was limited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings shed important light on potential gender-specific mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of internalising and externalising behaviour.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Social Learning Center, Eugene, OR 97401, USA. hyounk@oslc.org
authors.forename: Hyoun K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Deborah M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Capaldi
authors.forename: Katherine C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Pears
authors.forename: David C R
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.forename: Lee D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Owen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016901:Intergenerational Relations; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult