title: Inferencing processes after right hemisphere brain damage: effects of contextual bias.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comprehension deficits associated with right hemisphere brain damage (RHD) have been attributed to an inability to use context, but there is little direct evidence to support the claim. This study evaluated the effect of varying contextual bias on predictive inferencing by adults with RHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen adults with no brain damage (NBD) and 14 with RHD read stories constructed with either high predictability or low predictability of a specific outcome. Reading time for a sentence that disconfirmed the target outcome was measured and compared with a control story context.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adults with RHD evidenced activation of predictive inferences only for highly predictive conditions, whereas NBD adults generated inferences in both high- and low-predictability stories. Adults with RHD were more likely than those with NBD to require additional time to integrate inferences in high-predictability conditions. The latter finding was related to working memory for the RHD group. Results are interpreted in light of previous findings obtained using the same stimuli.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RHD does not abolish the ability to use context. Evidence of predictive inferencing is influenced by task and strength of inference activation. Treatment considerations and cautions regarding interpreting results from one methodology are discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Houston, Communication Sciences and Disorders, Houston, TX 77204-6018, USA. mtblake@uh.edu
authors.forename: Margaret Lehman
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Blake
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003210:Concept Formation; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D011932:Reading