title: Contaminated soil phytoremediation by Cyperus laxus Lam. cytochrome p450 EROD-activity induced by hydrocarbons in roots.
abstract: Laboratory and greenhouse experiments with Cyperus laxus Lam were conducted to determine the rate and extent of phytoremediation and the effect of hydrocarbons on the cytochrome P450 EROD (7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase) enzymatic activity in roots. Plants were cultivated on hydrocarbon-contaminated soil (HCS) and spiked perlite. Phytoremediation was evaluated using 6.5 kg HCS (173 +/- 15 mg total petroleum hydrocarbons [TPH] g(-1) of dry soil) pots at different moisture contents; the average removal rate was 3.46-0.25 mg TPH g(-1) dry soil month(-1) and 48% was removed when moisture was kept at 60%. The aromatic hydrocarbon fraction was the mostly removed, 60%; aliphatic, 51%; and polar 24% after 24-month experiments. In unplanted pots, TPH concentration did not exhibit significant differences with respect to the initial concentration. We confirmed that the presence of hydrocarbons induced ERODactivity up to 6.5-fold. Moreover, short-term experiments (up to 13 d) with spiked perlite demonstrated that two EROD activities in roots contributed to the total detected; 60% was found in the cytosolic and 40% in the microsomal fraction. To our knowledge, this is the first work that tries to build links between the hydrocarbon-inducible character of ERODactivity in roots and the phytoremediation ability of C. laxus in highly contaminated soils.
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Hidrobiología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Iztapalapa, México.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: López-Martínez
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gallegos-Martínez
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Pérez-Flores
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Rojas
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D029786:Cyperus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1