title: Epidemiology of typhoid and paratyphoid fever hospitalizations in Spain (1997-2005).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This epidemiological survey was undertaken to estimate the burden of hospitalizations for typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Spain over a nine-year period (1997-2005).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 1,106 hospitalizations for typhoid and paratyphoid fever during the study period. The annual hospitalization rate was 0.31 cases per 100,000 population. The mortality and case fatality rates were 0.003 per 100,000 population and 0.9%, respectively. The average length of hospitalization was 10.19 days. These hospitalizations impose an annual direct cost of euro334,000.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital discharges for typhoid or paratyphoid fever reported during a nine-year period in Spanish hospitals were obtained from the national surveillance system for hospital data, which is maintained by the Ministry of Health and covers more than 97% of Spanish hospitals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preventive measures are vital to reduce the occurrence of typhoid fever and avoid new outbreaks. Effective prevention would result in large cost savings to the National Health Care System.
authors.affiliation: Preventive Medicine & Public Health Unit, Health Sciences I Department, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Spain.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Camelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvaro
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gil
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010284:Paratyphoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D055815:Young Adult