title: Effect of hormone replacement therapy on vasomotor function of the coronary microcirculation in post-menopausal women with medically treated cardiovascular risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on coronary vasomotor function in post-menopausal women (PM) with medically treated cardiovascular risk factors (RFs) in a cross-sectional and a longitudinal follow-up (FU) study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myocardial blood flow (MBF) response to cold pressor testing (CPT) and during pharmacologically induced hyperaemia was measured with positron emission tomography in pre-menopausal women (CON), in PM with HRT and without HRT, and repeated in PM after a mean FU of 24 +/- 14 months. When compared with CON at baseline, the endothelium-related change in MBF (DeltaMBF) to CPT progressively declined in PM with HRT and without HRT (0.35 +/- 0.23 vs. 0.24 +/- 0.20 and 0.16 +/- 0.12 mL/g/min; P = 0.171 and P = 0.021). In PM without HRT and in those with HRT at baseline but with discontinuation of HRT during FU, the endothelium-related DeltaMBF to CPT was significantly less at FU than at baseline (0.05 +/- 0.19 vs. 0.16 +/- 0.12 and -0.03 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.25 +/- 0.18 mL/g/min; P = 0.023 and P = 0.001), whereas no significant change was observed in PM with HRT (0.19 +/- 0.22 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.22 mL/g/min; P = 0.453). Impaired hyperaemic MBFs when compared with CON were not significantly altered from those at baseline exam.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term administration of oestrogen may contribute to maintain endothelium-dependent coronary function in PM with medically treated cardiovascular RFs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California at Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, 23-120 CHS, Box 173517, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1735, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Schindler
authors.forename: Roxana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campisi
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dorsey
authors.forename: John O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Prior
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olschewski
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sayre
authors.forename: Heinrich R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Schelbert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014666:Vasomotor System / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D004967:Estrogens; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents