title: Effect of [10]-gingerol on [ca2+]i and cell death in human colorectal cancer cells.
abstract: The effect of [10]-gingerol on cytosol free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and viability is large unknown. This study examines the early signaling effects of [10]-gingerol on human colorectal cancer cells. It was found that this compound caused a slow and sustained rise of [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner. [10]-Gingerol also induced a [Ca(2+)](i) rise when extracellular Ca(2+) was removed, but the magnitude was reduced by 38%. In a Ca(2+)-free medium, the [10]-gingerol-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise was partially abolished by depleting stored Ca(2+) with thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor). The elevation of [10]-gingerol-caused [Ca(2+)](i) in a Ca(2+)-containing medium was not affected by modulation of protein kinase C activity. The [10]-gingerol-induced Ca(2+) influx was insensitive to L-type Ca(2+) channel blockers. At concentrations of 10-100 mM, [10]-gingerol killed cells in a concentration-dependent manner. These findings suggest that [10]-gingerol induces [Ca(2+)](i) rise by causing Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca(2+) influx from non-L-type Ca(2+) channels in SW480 cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Technology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung County 83101 Taiwan. xx377@mail.fy.edu.tw
authors.forename: Chung-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yi-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Soong-Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D002396:Catechols / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D002396:Catechols; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; C007845:gingerol; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002118:Calcium