title: Epidural pneumatosis associated with pneumomediastinum occurring at rest.
abstract: We report a rare case of epidural pneumatosis associated with pneumomediastinum that occurred at rest. A 17-year-old male had spontaneously felt shortness of breath while attending class during the day. Chest and neck CT revealed interstitial free air collection along the right pulmonary vascular sheath. It was speculated that some cough or strain-induced increase in intra-alveolar pressure in the alveoli along the right upper lobe caused free air leaks from the ruptured alveoli, which accumulated along the bronchovascular tissue sheath and moved into the mediastinum and subcutaneous area, especially in the right neck, right anterior chest wall, and right axillary region. CT also demonstrated subcutaneous emphysema extended into the epidural space through the intervertebral foramen. He exhibited a benign self-limited course.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yokohama Asahi Central and General Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakuraba
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Sumito
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oga
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hataya
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D004824:Epidural Space; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; D013352:Subcutaneous Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents