title: Institution of basal-bolus therapy at diagnosis for children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied whether the institution of basal-bolus therapy immediately after diagnosis improved glycemic control in the first year after diagnosis for children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the charts of 459 children > or =6 years of age who were diagnosed as having type 1 diabetes between July 1, 2002, and June 30, 2006 (212 treated with basal-bolus therapy and 247 treated with a more-conventional neutral protamine Hagedorn regimen). We abstracted data obtained at diagnosis and at quarterly clinic visits and compared groups by using repeated-measures, mixed-linear model analysis. We also reviewed the records of 198 children with preexisting type 1 diabetes mellitus of >1-year duration who changed from the neutral protamine Hagedorn regimen to a basal-bolus regimen during the review period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glargine-treated subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes had lower hemoglobin A1c levels at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after diagnosis than did neutral protamine Hagedorn-treated subjects (average hemoglobin A1c levels of 7.05% with glargine and 7.63% with neutral protamine Hagedorn, estimated across months 3, 6, 9, and 12, according to repeated-measures models adjusted for age at diagnosis and baseline hemoglobin A1c levels; treatment difference: 0.58%). Children with long-standing diabetes had no clinically important changes in their hemoglobin A1c levels in the first year after changing regimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The institution of basal-bolus therapy with insulin glargine at the time of diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was associated with improved glycemic control, in comparison with more-conventional neutral protamine Hagedorn regimens, during the first year after diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Dietary Behavior, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA. soumya.adhikari@childrens.com
authors.forename: Soumya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.forename: Beverley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adams-Huet
authors.forename: Yu-Chi A
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Perrin C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D007336:Insulin, Isophane / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting