title: Pre-incision local infiltration with levobupivacaine reduces pain and analgesic consumption after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a new device for day-case procedure.
abstract: All over the World laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for symptomatic cholelithiasis; use of local long lasting anesthetics reduces post-operative pain. Levobupivacaine is one of the most effective local anesthetics. The aim of our study is to test the effectiveness of local anesthetics comparing pre- versus post-operative trocar site's infiltration. 50 patients were enrolled in our study and 25 five patients were randomized into pre-I group (pre-incisional infiltration) and 25 into post-I group (post-operative infiltration); all the operations were performed with the same technique (Anglo-Saxon with 4 accesses) by 4 expert laparoscopic surgeons; our results showed different analgesic consumption between the 2 groups of patients; in the pre-I group the mean intravenous dose of Ketorolac post-operative used was 124 mg while in the post-I group was 339 mg: this difference was statistically significant.; the mean VAS was 10.7 in the post-I group while in the pre-I group was 5.1, also the i-VAS score's difference was statistically significant: in fact in the post-I group i-VAS was 8.8 while in the post-I group 14.8. Our study demonstrated that infiltration of the trocar site with long lasting local anesthetic is extremely effective for the treatment of post-operative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy; pre-incisional local infiltration seems to be better in term of pain perception and intravenous post-operative analgesic consumption.
authors.affiliation: Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Department of Surgery Sciences, University of Insubria, Insubria, Varese, Italy. cantore@ing.unirc.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cantore
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Giuseppe
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giavarini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rovera
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dionigi
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000601:surgery*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine