title: Anti-inflammatory strategies for homocysteine-related cardiovascular disease.
abstract: Homocysteine may induce vascular damage for atherosclerosis. Vitamin/folate supplementation has been proposed to reduce the cardiovascular disease risk. Nevertheless, there is no randomized clinical trial clearly proving the efficacy of reducing the homocysteine as a means of lowering the incidence of cardiovascular disease. Homocysteine induces oxidative stress leading to endothelial dysfunction. In addition, homocysteine-induced oxidative stress favors lipid peroxidation and induces production of inflammatory factors, thus accelerating atherosclerosis. In this paper, we reviewed the available evidence concerning the association between homocysteine and cardiovascular disease, with the objective of discussing the pertinence of screening, treatment, and prevention of hyperhomocysteinemia-related cardiovascular disease. Our previous findings also indicated the significant role of mononuclear cells activation in homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction; treatment with statins attenuated homocysteine-induced endothelial adhesiveness, indicating the novel endothelial protection effects of statins in the presence of homocysteine. Since inflammation and oxidative stress are critical to homocysteine-induced vascular damage, the improvement of endothelial dysfunction and the inhibition of mononuclear cell activation by anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidative drugs/agents may serve as the potential therapeutic strategy for hyperhomocysteinemia-related cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology in Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Pei
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yung-Hsiang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hsin-Bang
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.forename: Shing-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yuh-Lien
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Song-Lih
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jaw-Wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D006710:Homocysteine