title: Low-energy-spread ion bunches from a trapped atomic gas.
abstract: We present time-of-flight measurements of the longitudinal energy spread of pulsed ultracold ion beams, produced by near-threshold ionization of rubidium atoms captured in a magneto-optical atom trap. Well-defined pulsed beams have been produced with energies of only 1 eV and a root-mean-square energy spread as low as 0.02 eV, 2 orders of magnitude lower than the state-of-the-art gallium liquid-metal ion source. The low energy spread is important for focused ion beam technology because it enables milling and ion-beam-induced deposition at sub-nm length scales with many ionic species, both light and heavy. In addition, we show that the slowly moving, low-energy-spread ion bunches are ideal for studying intricate space charge effects in pulsed beams. As an example, we present a detailed study of the transition from space charge dominated dynamics to ballistic motion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Reijnders
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: van Kruisbergen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Taban
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: van der Geer
authors.forename: P H A
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Mutsaers
authors.forename: E J D
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Vredenbregt
authors.forename: O J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Luiten