Metabolomic fingerprint of cryo-stress in a freeze tolerant insect.
This study employed H-NMR spectroscopy to assay the metabolome of the high Arctic freeze-tolerant dipteran larvae, Heleomyza borealis, after recovery from exposure to a range of sub-zero temperature treatments. Our data demonstrate the resilience of freeze tolerance in individuals of this permanently freeze-tolerant species that were acclimated to summer temperatures (5 degree C): recovery of homeostasis after 48 h was not significantly disturbed by 2h exposures to -3, -12, or -20 degree C. Evidence of homeostatic perturbation to cryo-stress - both in terms of changes in specific metabolite concentrations as well as systemic changes in metabolism determined using multivariate pattern recognition techniques - was expressed almost entirely at a temperature coincident with the significant onset of mortality (-25 degree C) and considerably below the minimum winter temperatures of its over-wintering habitat (c.-12 degree C).
Hawes
T C
TC
Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. tinstone12@hotmail.com
Hines
A C
AC
Viant
M R
MR
Bale
J S
JS
Worland
M R
MR
Convey
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P
D000064:Acclimatization / Q000502:physiology*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D005615:Freezing; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D007313:Insecta / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D055432:Metabolomics
D000596:Amino Acids