title: lin9 is required for mitosis and cell survival during early zebrafish development.
abstract: LIN9 has been described as a regulator of G(1)/S and G(2)/M progression of the cell cycle in invertebrates and human cell lines. To elucidate the in vivo function of LIN9 during vertebrate development, we took advantage of the teleost zebrafish (Danio rerio). By means of antisense morpholinos we show here that Lin9-depleted embryonic cells accumulate in mitosis. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy data demonstrate that the delay in mitotic progression is followed by apoptosis, which strongly manifests in the developing central nervous system. In accordance with these findings, we identified a cohort of Lin9-regulated genes required for different mitotic processes, including mitotic entry, metaphase/anaphase transition, and cytokinesis. Our data establish LIN9 as an essential regulator of mitosis in vertebrate development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Chemistry I, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, Wuerzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Markus A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kleinschmidt
authors.forename: Toni U
authors.initials: TU
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liedtke
authors.forename: Susi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spahr
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Samans
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaubatz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology*; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C542153:Lin9 protein, zebrafish; D009025:Morpholines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins