title: Using SPMDs to monitor water column concentrations of PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour), Australia.
abstract: Semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) were deployed on two occasions throughout Sydney Harbour, Australia, along a 25 km transect. They were used to measure spatial and temporal variation in the available concentrations of 7 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and 10 polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and 12 dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the water column. The relative percent difference (%RPD) among spatially replicated cages (within 0.13-0.41 km) ranged from less than 8% to greater than 66% across all congeners and was greater for WHO(05)-TEQ(DFP) (average=36%), PCDFs (average=34%) and PCDDs (average=33%) than PCBs (average=23%). Total PCDD (SigmaPCDDs) concentrations ranged between 2.7 and 84 pg L(-1), SigmaPCDF concentrations ranged from 0.15 to 7.2 pg L(-1), SigmaPCB concentrations ranged between 21 and 540 pg L(-1) and WHO(05)-TEQ(DFP) ranged from 0.069 to 1.85 pg L(-1). Highest concentrations were measured in SPMDs deployed in Homebush Bay and concentrations generally declined with distance from Homebush Bay. SPMDs detected changes in congener profiles downstream with OCDD, 2,3,7,8-TCDF and PCBs 189, 157, 167, and 126 increasing in proportion with distance from Homebush Bay. There was a large increase in the daily accumulation of the analytes from winter to summer resulting in an average 3.9-fold increase in the predicted concentration at one site with matched SPMDs.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Ecotoxicology, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Contaminants Section, Department of Environment and Climate Change, Lidcombe NSW 1825, Australia. tony.roach@environment.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Roach
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komarova
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Symons
authors.forename: Gavin J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: Jochen F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls