title: Outpatient utilization of psychopharmaceuticals in the City of Zagreb 2001-2006.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A comprehensive insight into drug utilization as an economic and primarily a public health issue can only be acquired in the context of overall health state of the respective population. The objectives of the study were: 1) to determine the real outpatient utilization of psychopharmaceuticals in Zagreb, 2) to determine the psychopharmaceutical prescribing quality during the study period; and 3) to propose appropriate interventions in Zagreb on the basis of the results obtained.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on drug utilization were obtained from all Zagreb pharmacies. The number of defined daily doses (DDD) and number of DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day (DDD/1000/day) were calculated from the number of particular drug packages. The Drug Utilization 90% (DU90%) method was used as a criterion of prescribing quality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Outpatient utilization of psychopharmaceuticals showed a declining pattern from 115.40 DDD/1000/day in 2001 to 93.15 DDD/1000/day in 2006. Anxiolytics accounted for the majority of this drug group utilization in the City of Zagreb, although the anxiolytic/antidepressant ratio decreased from 7.19 in 2001 to 3.86 in 2006. The utilization of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors showed a 2.5-fold increase and accounted for 90% of overall antidepressant utilization. A 2.5-fold decrease was recorded in the utilization of antipsychotics, while the atypical/typical antipsychotic ratio changed from 1:2 in 2001 to 1.1:1 in 2006.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite some improvement observed in the prescribing quality, the predominance of benzodiazepines in the utilization of psychopharmaceuticals points to the need of additional rationalization in the field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Dr. Andrija Stampar Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia. danijela.stimac@stampar.hr
authors.forename: Danijela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stimac
authors.forename: Josip
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Culig
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017523:Croatia; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017277:Drug Approval; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D055656:Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs