title: DeltaNp63alpha-dependent expression of Id-3 distinctively suppresses the invasiveness of human squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: p63 is a member of the p53 family and DeltaNp63alpha is the dominant-expressing isoform of p63 in basal layer of normal stratified epithelium and human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. We have previously reported that down-regulation of p63 was accompanied with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by Snail-expressing SCC cells, in which re-expression of DeltaNp63alpha diminished their invasiveness (Higashikawa K, Yoneda S, Tobiume K, Taki M, Shigeishi H, Kamata N. Snail-induced down-regulation of DeltaNp63alpha acquires invasive phenotype of human squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Res 2007;67:9207-13). In this study, we found that DeltaNp63alpha positively regulated inhibitor of differentiation-3 (Id-3) expression. Id is a dominant negative regulator of E2A which is a transcriptional repressor of E-cadherin. Enforced expression of Id-3 was incapable of invoking E-cadherin expression in the SCC cells with EMT phenotype, whereas it significantly impaired their invasiveness with down-regulation of matrix-metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression. Reporter gene assay revealed that the Ets-1-induced MMP-2 promoter activity was suppressed by the Id-3, while the Id-3-dependent E-cadherin promoter activity was remarkably reduced in the presence of Snail. Furthermore, knockdown of p63 in SCC cells significantly decreased Id-3 expression, in which up-regulation of MMP-2 expression was concomitant with the acquired invasiveness. These findings propose a particular role of the off-signaling of the DeltaNp63alpha-Id-3 axis incident to Snail-mediated EMT for the MMP-2-dependent invasiveness in SCC cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Cervico-Gnathostomatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. khigashi@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higashikawa
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tobiume
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taki
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mitani
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shigeishi
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamata
mesh_terms: D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051796:Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D050784:Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; C494041:ETS1 protein, human; D051796:Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D050784:Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; C115051:TP63 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C075640:ID3 protein, human; D008156:Luciferases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2