title: Gating of the micturition reflex by tonic activation of bladder cold receptors in the cat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether C afferents can modify the gating of the Adelta micturition reflex in order to identify the neuronal site of interaction of the two afferent systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult female cats, anaesthetized with alpha-chloralose, had their bladder and urethra catherized through a slit in the proximal urethra. Micturition threshold volume was assessed by cystometry and bladder efferent activity recorded simultaneously. The bladder was filled at a slow rate (1.2-3.5 ml/min) with either body-warm saline (control) or menthol solution (0.06 mM) or by cold saline (4 degrees C).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 14 trial sessions in 5 animals, the threshold volume of the Adelta micturition reflex was consistently reduced by menthol infusions from a control median (md) value of 16.8 to 10.2 ml (P < 0.01). The threshold pressure was also somewhat decreased from md 0.7 to 0.5 kPa (P < 0.05), while the peak pressure or pressure slope did no differ in two situations. Similar results were obtained with slow cold infusions into the bladder (nine sessions in three animals). The threshold volume decreased from md 19.8 to 17.4 ml (P < 0.05). The bladder reflex response to slow menthol or cold infusions had the typical features of an Adelta micturition reflex in that the efferent activity was largely abolished by the bladder Adelta mechanoreceptor unloading.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gradual tonic activation of bladder cold receptors lowers the threshold volume of the ordinary Adelta micturition, pointing to a segmental spinal mechanism for the gating of the micturition reflex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden. chonghe.jiang@ibk.liu.se
authors.forename: Chong-He
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Leonor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mazières
authors.forename: Sivert
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindström
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D008610:Menthol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000502:physiology*; D036421:Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D012018:Reflex; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000502:physiology*; D014521:Urethra / Q000294:innervation; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000294:innervation*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014554:Urination
chemical_list: D008610:Menthol; D012965:Sodium Chloride