title: Alteration of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in human myometrium during labor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) has been shown to have antimicrobial and antiinflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to verify its expression in human myometrium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myometrium was obtained at time of cesarean delivery with (n = 9) or without (n = 11) labor. Expression of SLPI was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunohistochemistry. SLPI expression relative to nuclear factor-kappaB p65 subunit was compared between subjects. SLPI response to inflammatory mediators was studied in myometrial explants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SLPI was predominantly localized in the nuclei of myocytes and colocalized with CD68(+) macrophages. The nuclear immunoreactivity of SLPI was increased after the onset of labor and was associated with increased nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB p65 subunit. Treatment with lipopolysaccharide, interleukin-1beta, or tumor necrosis factor-alpha increased SLPI messenger RNA and protein concentrations slightly in myometrium explants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SLPI was expressed in human myometrium and increased after the onset of labor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's and Children's Hospital, Los Angeles County-University of Southern California Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. aiminli@usc.edu
authors.forename: Aimin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Felix
authors.forename: Parviz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minoo
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Goodwin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003656:Decidua / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000502:physiology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009215:Myometrium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053481:Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D055815:Young Adult; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053481:Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule; C506814:SLPI protein, human