Role of Fc Receptors as a therapeutic target.
It has been forty years since the discovery of Fc Receptors and their function. Fc Receptors include the IgG receptors (FcgammaR), high-affinity IgE receptor (FcepsilonRI), IgA and IgA/IgM receptors, and neonatal Fc receptor for IgG (FcRn). In particular, the FcgammaRs have been well known to play an important role in many biologic processes including those associated with the response to infection and cancer as well as in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases. Both positive and negative regulatory function has ascribed to Fc receptors and FcgammaRs in particular which serve to establish a threshold for immune cell activation. In other cases, Fc receptors such as FcRn possess a novel structure and function by playing a major role in the transport of IgG across polarized epithelial barriers at mucosal surfaces and in the regulation of IgG half-life. These diverse functions highlight the potential effectiveness of targeting Fc receptors for therapeutic purposes. This review summarizes new information available in the therapeutic applications of this biology.
Masuda
Atsuhiro
A
Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
Yoshida
Masaru
M
Shiomi
Hideyuki
H
Morita
Yoshinori
Y
Kutsumi
Hiromu
H
Inokuchi
Hideto
H
Mizuno
Shigeto
S
Nakamura
Akira
A
Takai
Toshiyuki
T
Blumberg
Richard S
RS
Azuma
Takeshi
T
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000639:trends; D025461:Feedback, Physiological / Q000276:immunology*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D021381:Protein Transport; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D017455:Receptors, IgE; D017452:Receptors, IgG; C100688:Fc receptor, neonatal