[Physical exercise in the rehabilitation of dialysis patients].
A sedentary lifestyle is one of the main causes of low physical capacity and an independent risk factor for death in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The physical capacity of ESRD patients is 60% of an age-matched population with normal kidney function. Although muscular dysfunction is of crucial significance in low physical capacity, its etiology is more complex. The influence of uremic toxins, vitamin D3 deficiency, hyperparathyroidism, anemia, insulin resistance, androgen deficiency, mitochondrial dysfunction, malnutrition, inflammation, and cachexia are all taken into consideration. Physical rehabilitation improves physical proficiency, the performance of daily activities, and quality of life. In this review possible methods of rehabilitation and their advantages, disadvantages, and possible complications are presented.
Gołebiowski
Tomasz
T
Katedra i Klinika Nefrologii i Medycyny Transplantacyjnej Akademii Medycznej we Wrocławiu, Poland.
Weyde
Wacław
W
Kusztal
Mariusz
M
Szymczak
Maciej
M
Madziarska
Katarzyna
K
Penar
Józef
J
Watorek
Ewa
E
Krajewska
Magdalena
M
Strempska
Beata
B
Klinger
Marian
M
D003956:Dialysis; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000401:mortality / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000628:therapy; D008019:Life Style; D011788:Quality of Life