title: Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide, rheumatoid factor, and ocular symptoms typical of rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To correlate the presence of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies and rheumatoid factor (RF) with ocular symptoms typical of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 451 patients who had been examined by an ophthalmologist and tested for anti-CCP antibodies over a 3-year period at the Mayo Clinic were reviewed. Records of 255 patients with titers of anti-CCP and RF were analyzed for ocular surface and inflammatory disease associated with ocular RA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 33 anti-CCP+/RF+ patients, all were diagnosed with RA; ocular surface disease was present in 11 (33%) and inflammatory disease in 7 (21%). Of the 17 anti-CCP-/RF+ patients, 4 were diagnosed with an unspecified inflammatory arthritis and 1 with rheumatoid arthritis; a separate 5 (29%) had ocular surface disease. Out of 5 anti-CCP+/RF- patients, 3 were diagnosed with RA but none had ocular symptoms. Out of 200 anti-CCP-/RF- patients, 32 (16%) had ocular surface disease and 2 (1%) had ocular inflammation. Of the 74 patients diagnosed with any form of inflammatory arthritis, anti-CCP+/RF+ patients had more and worse inflammatory ocular RA disease compared to the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients who were both anti-CCP and RF positive tended to have more and worse ocular disease. In patients diagnosed with an inflammatory arthritis, the presence of anti-CCP antibodies and RF provides useful information to ophthalmologists for identifying patients most at risk for inflammatory ocular disease.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Sujit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itty
authors.forename: Jose S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pulido
authors.forename: Sophie J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bakri
authors.forename: Keith H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Baratz
authors.forename: Eric L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Matteson
authors.forename: David O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Hodge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007634:Keratitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000276:immunology*; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor / Q000276:immunology*; D015423:Scleritis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C487763:cyclic citrullinated peptide; D012217:Rheumatoid Factor