title: Predicting gambling behavior in sixth grade from kindergarten impulsivity: a tale of developmental continuity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between early impulsive behavior, rated by kindergarten teachers, and self-reported gambling in sixth grade.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective longitudinal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 1999 kindergarten cohort of the Montreal Longitudinal Preschool Study in Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Written parental consent was obtained for 181 of the 377 children from intact families at kindergarten exclusively selected for follow-up telephone interviews in the fall of sixth grade, 6 years after the initial assessments. Of these, 163 children had complete data in kindergarten (mean age, 5.5 years) and sixth grade (mean age, 11.5 years) for the key variables in the analyses. Main Outcome Measure Self-reported gambling behavior in sixth grade.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 1-unit increase in kindergarten impulsivity corresponded to a 25% increase in later self-reported child involvement in gambling (SE = .02). This was above and beyond potential child- and family-related confounds, including parental gambling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings offer insight about how the nature and course of early impulsivity might relate to a significantly higher propensity toward involvement in games of chance in later childhood. It is suggested that developmentally continuous risks associated with early impulsivity place individuals on a risk trajectory toward excessive gambling involvement in adolescence and emerging adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Ecole de Psychoéducation, Université de Montréal, Canada. linda.s.pagani@umontreal.ca
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Pagani
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Derevensky
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Japel
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors