Habitats and plant communities in the Nile Delta of Egypt I. Deltaic Mediterranean coastal habitat.
The present study aims at investigating the vegetation-soil relationships in the Deltaic Mediterranean coastal land of Egypt. The Deltaic coast of the Mediterranean Sea of Egypt can be distinguished into five habitat types, namely: sand dunes, salt marshes, sand sheets, sandy fertile lands and lake shorelines (Manzala, Burullus and Idku). These habitats are categorized into four vegetation groups namely, group A dominated by Rumex pictus, group B codominated by Pancratium maritimum-Cyperus capitatus-Lolium perenne, group C codominated by Arthrocnemum macrostachyum-Atriplex portulacoides-Typha domingensis and group D codominated by Echinochloa stagnina-Typha domingensis-Phragmites australis. One hundred and thirty plant species are recorded in this coast and belonging to 38 families. Out of the recorded species, about 41.54% are annuals, 2.31% biennials and 56.15% perennials. The percentages of the life-form indicated that, therophytes attained the highest representation (43.85%). The floristic analysis revealed that, 55.38% of the recorded species are Mediterranean elements. The ecological amplitudes of the leading species along the gradient of edaphic factors are discussed.
Mashaly
I A
IA
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
El-Habashy
I E
IE
El-Halawany
E F
EF
Omar
G
G
D017753:Ecosystem; D004534:Egypt; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D063245:Plant Development; D010944:Plants / Q000145:classification*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D053833:Wetlands
D012987:Soil