title: Disparities in preferences for receiving support and education among patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) is the established treatment for patients with a history of or at risk for sudden cardiac arrest. Patients receiving an ICD are diverse, and little is known regarding their preferences for support and education postimplantation. The purpose of this study was to examine race, gender, and age preferences for receiving support and education (e.g., written, verbal).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (N = 108, 75% Caucasian, 74% male, age 65 +/- 11 years) completed a research team-designed survey at a regularly scheduled clinic visit with the cardiac electrophysiologist at an academic medical center or offsite clinic. Descriptive statistics, Pearson chi(2), and independent t-tests were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study demonstrates important associations between race, gender, and age with patient preferences for support and education with regard to ICD care. African Americans preferred written materials (P = 0.006) and a phone call with the cardiologist (P =0.036). Women preferred an ICD support group (P = 0.023), a phone call with the device nurse (P = 0.027), and a professional counselor (P = 0.049). Women's choice to receive education from their cardiologist approached significance (P = 0.055). Patients < or =67 years of age preferred to receive support via an Internet chat room with other ICD patients (P =0.036), and to receive education via an Internet Web site (P = 0.022).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest methods of providing better care to ICD patients by offering them support and educational materials in their preferred modality. These data can aid in optimizing clinical care. Incorporating assessments of individual preferences into future clinical trial design is desirable.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, the Miriam Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, One Hoppin Street, Providence, RI 02906, USA. Eva_Serber@brown.edu
authors.forename: Eva R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Serber
authors.forename: Nancy J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Finch
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Leman
authors.forename: Lacy J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sturdivant
authors.forename: Tammy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garry
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gold
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012237:Rhode Island / Q000453:epidemiology; D017678:Sex Distribution