title: Muscle injection of AAV-NT3 promotes anatomical reorganization of CST axons and improves behavioral outcome following SCI.
abstract: Here we propose the use of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors as a non-invasive vehicle for the nervous system to deliver genes to spinal motoneurons, based on their retrograde transport from muscle. Long-term protein expression in lower cervical motoneurons was achieved after injections of AAV into the triceps, independently of serotypes 1, 2, or 5. Muscle injections of AAV5-neurotrophin 3 (NT3) resulted in a significant increase in the levels of NT3 in the cervical enlargement, compared to those obtained after injections of AAV5-GFP. Following a dorsal lesion at C4/C5, animals injected with AAV5-NT3 made fewer errors (footslips) in the horizontal ladder test compared to those injected with AAV5-GFP. In parallel, the number and length of corticospinal tract (CST) fibers circumventing the injury site were significantly increased in rats injected with AAV5-NT3. Compared to controls, we observed less astrogliosis and less CST axonal retraction and/or enhanced sprouting in animals injected with AAV5-NT3. In sum, we demonstrate here that the delivery of nt3 via retrograde transport of AAV from triceps to cervical motoneurons leads to reduced functional loss and anatomical reorganization of the CST following injury, without introducing additional injury to the spinal cord.
authors.affiliation: The Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fortun
authors.forename: Raisa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Puzis
authors.forename: Damien D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Pearse
authors.forename: Fred H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Gage
authors.forename: Mary Bartlett
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Bunge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D020933:Neurotrophin 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011712:Pyramidal Tracts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020933:Neurotrophin 3