title: Increased expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 in liver from NZB/W F1 mice received antibody against human parvovirus B19 VP1 unique region protein.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human parvovirus B19 infection has been postulated to the anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS) in autoimmunity. However, the influence of anti-B19-VP1u antibody in autoimmune diseases is still obscure.
  
  
  METHODS
  To elucidate the effect of anti-B19-VP1u antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), passive transfer of rabbit anti-B19-VP1u IgG was injected intravenously into NZB/W F1 mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant reduction of platelet count and prolonged thrombocytopenia time were detected in anti-B19-VP1u IgG group as compared to other groups, whereas significant increases of anti-B19-VP1u, anti-phospholipid (APhL), and anti-double strand DNA (dsDNA) antibody binding activity were detected in anti-B19-VP1u group. Additionally, significant increases of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) activity and protein expression were detected in B19-VP1u IgG group. Notably, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate kinase (PI3K) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) proteins were involved in the induction of MMP9.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These experimental results firstly demonstrated the aggravated effects of anti-B19-VP1u antibody in disease activity of SLE.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. chunchoutsai0224@gmail.com
authors.forename: Chun-Chou
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Bor-Show
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Tzang
authors.forename: Szu-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Gwo-Jong
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Tsai-Ching
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D014764:Viral Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9