title: Impact of pharmaceutical representative visits on GPs' drug preferences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pharmaceutical representative visits are believed to have substantial impact, but the effects on prescribing patterns have not been systematically evaluated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates how pharmaceutical sales representative visits influenced physicians' company-specific drug preferences and prevalence of steroid prescribing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational cohort study in Funen County, Denmark, including 165 general practices visited 832 times by pharmaceutical representatives and 54 080 patients treated with asthma drugs. Visits were conducted from 2001 to 2003. Our main outcome measures were (i) company-specific drug preferences measured as the proportion of dispensings of the promoted drug among all dispensings of fixed combinations of inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta2-agonists and (ii) the proportion of patients receiving repeated beta2-agonist dispensings who were treated with inhaled steroids.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first visit had a statistically significant effect on the GPs' drug preference in favour of the marketed drug [odds ratio (OR), 2.39; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.72-3.32]. The effect on drug preference increased further after the second visit (OR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.19-1.93), while there was no significant change after the third visit (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.94-1.20). Pharmaceutical sales representative visits did not influence the overall treatment pattern with inhaled steroids (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.97-1.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmaceutical sales representative visits markedly increased the market share of the promoted drug, but only the two first visits had significant impact. Visits had no significant impact on GPs' overall prescribing of inhaled steroids.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit for General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9A, Odense C DK-5000, Denmark. jsoendergaard@health.sdu.dk
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Søndergaard
authors.forename: Kirstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vach
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kragstrup
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D003718:Denmark; D004345:Drug Industry; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D040541:Marketing; D010821:Physicians, Family; D020399:Practice Management; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012189:Retrospective Studies