title: Proteomic and metabolic prediction of response to therapy in gastrointestinal cancers.
abstract: Despite substantial improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of many gastrointestinal cancers, particularly colorectal cancer, numerous patients are only diagnosed in advanced stages of disease, which can preclude curative treatment. Screening and early diagnosis of high-risk individuals might be the most promising approach to improve prognosis; however, molecular biomarkers for early diagnosis of most gastrointestinal cancers are not yet available. The prognosis of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancers has improved through the development of multimodal treatments and the introduction of targeted therapies. Nonetheless, not all patients benefit equally from these treatment approaches, and toxicity can be substantial. The ability to predict whether a patient will respond to therapy early in their treatment for gastrointestinal cancer may be of particular value to stratify and individualize patient treatment strategies. Despite improvement in the understanding of cancer pathogenesis and progression at the molecular level, the molecular changes that underlie treatment response and/or drug resistance are still largely unknown. PET is the first technique to show promise in prediction of response to therapy, and has resulted in promising advancements, particularly in esophageal and gastric cancers. Tissue-based and blood-based molecular biomarkers are still subject to validation. Prediction of response to treatment could ultimately lead to an overall improvement in prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walch
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Balluff
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tänzer
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Höfler
authors.forename: Bernd J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schwaiger
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Friess
authors.forename: Roland M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Matthias P A
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ebert
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D040901:Proteomics; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers