Genotype of 88 Toxoplasma gondii isolates associated with toxoplasmosis in immunocompromised patients and correlation with clinical findings.
We report the genotyping analysis of Toxoplasma gondii isolates in samples collected from 88 immunocompromised patients, along with clinical and epidemiological data. Most of these samples were collected in France during the current decade by the Toxoplasma Biological Resource Center. Lack of specific anti-Toxoplasma treatment, pulmonary toxoplasmosis, and involvement of multiple organs were the 3 main risk factors associated with death for this patient group. Genotyping results with 6 microsatellite markers showed that type II isolates were predominant among patients who acquired toxoplasmic infection in Europe. Non-type II isolates included 13 different genotypes and were mainly collected from patients who acquired toxoplasmosis outside Europe. Type III was the second most common genotype recovered from patients, whereas type I was rare in our population. Three nonarchetypal genotypes were repeatedly recovered from different patients who acquired the infection in sub-Saharan Africa (genotypes Africa 1 and Africa 2) and in the French West Indies (genotype Caribbean 1). The distribution of genotypes (type II vs. non-type II) was not significantly different when patients were stratified by underlying cause of immunosuppression, site of infection, or outcome. We conclude that in immunocompromised patients, host factors are much more involved than parasite factors in patients' resistance or susceptibility to toxoplasmosis.
Ajzenberg
Daniel
D
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Amiens, France. ajz@unilim.fr
Yera
Hélène
H
Marty
Pierre
P
Paris
Luc
L
Dalle
Frédéric
F
Menotti
Jean
J
Aubert
Dominique
D
Franck
Jacqueline
J
Bessières
Marie-Hélène
MH
Quinio
Dorothée
D
Pelloux
Hervé
H
Delhaes
Laurence
L
Desbois
Nicole
N
Thulliez
Philippe
P
Robert-Gangneux
Florence
F
Kauffmann-Lacroix
Catherine
C
Pujol
Sophie
S
Rabodonirina
Meja
M
Bougnoux
Marie-Elisabeth
ME
Cuisenier
Bernadette
B
Duhamel
Chantal
C
Duong
Thanh Hai
TH
Filisetti
Denis
D
Flori
Pierre
P
Gay-Andrieu
Françoise
F
Pratlong
Francine
F
Nevez
Gilles
G
Totet
Anne
A
Carme
Bernard
B
Bonnabau
Henri
H
Dardé
Marie-Laure
ML
Villena
Isabelle
I
D000818:Animals; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000469:parasitology; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008174:Lung Diseases, Parasitic / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000469:parasitology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000469:parasitology*