title: In vitro antigenotoxicity of Ulva rigida C. Agardh (Chlorophyceae) extract against induction of chromosome aberration, sister chromatid exchange and micronuclei by mutagenic agent MMC.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the in vitro possible clastogenic and cytotoxic activities of Ulva rigida crude extracts (URE), and identify their antigenotoxic and protective effects on chemotherapeutic agent mitomycine-C (MMC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-clastogenic and anti-genotoxic activities of Ulva rigida crude extracts (URE) were studied using chromosome aberration (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), and micronuclei (MN) tests in human lymphocytes cultured in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The chromosome aberration, sister chromatid exchange or micronuclei tests showed that URE at concentrations of 10, 20, and 40 microg/mL had no clastogenic activity in human lymphocyte cell culture. Three doses of URE significantly decreased the number of chromosomal aberrations and the frequencies of SCE and MN when compared with the culture treated with MMC (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although URE itself is not a clastogenic or cytotoxic substance, it possesses strong antigenotoxic, anti-clastogenic, and protective effects on MMC in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Uludag University 16059 Bursa, Turkey. scelikler@uludag.edu.tr
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Celikler
authors.forename: Gamze
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vatan
authors.forename: Rahmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bilaloglu
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000460:Chlorophyta; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D008937:Mitomycins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D008937:Mitomycins; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts