title: Sepsis and septic shock: a history.
abstract: Infectious disease has been a leading cause of death in humans since the first recorded tabulations. From Hippocrates and Galen, to Lister, Fleming and Semmelweiss, this article reviews the notable historical figures of sepsis research. The early descriptions and theories about the etiology (microbial pathogens), pathogenesis (toxins and mediators), and treatment of sepsis-associated disease are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Duane J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Funk
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Parrillo
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000266:history / Q000627:therapeutic use; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000266:history; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D003422:Critical Care / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods; D016207:Cytokines / Q000266:history; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000266:history; D014943:Global Health; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000266:history; D011645:Puerperal Infection / Q000266:history / Q000382:microbiology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000266:history* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000635:transmission; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification / Q000266:history; D012774:Shock, Traumatic / Q000266:history / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004731:Endotoxins; D009569:Nitric Oxide