title: Narrow band imaging in the diagnosis of intra-epithelial and invasive laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a preliminary report of two cases.
abstract: Narrow band imaging (NBI) is a novel optical technique that enhances the diagnostic capability of the gastrointestinal endoscope (GIE) by illuminating the intraepithelial papillary capillary loop (IPCL) using narrow bandwidth filters in a red-green-blue sequential illumination system (CV-260SL processor and CLV-260SL light source, Olympus Optical Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan). The NBI filter sets (415 nm and 540 nm) are selected to obtain fine images of the microvascular structure. Because 415 nm is the hemoglobin absorption band, capillaries on the mucosal surface can be seen most clearly at this wavelength. NBI is able to represent more clearly both capillary patterns and the boundary between different types of tissue, which are necessary for diagnosing a tumor in its early stage (Gono K, Yamazaki K, Doguchi N, Nonami T, Obi T, Yamaguchi M, et al. Endoscopic observation of tissue by narrow band illumination. Opt Rev 2003;10:211-215, Gono K, Obi T, Yamaguchi M, Ohyama N, Machida H, Sano Y, et al. Appearance of enhanced tissue feature in narrow-band endoscopic imaging. J Biomed Opt 2004;9:568-577). We present two patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in whom the spread and the depth of invasion was evaluated with transnasal GIE equipped with NBI. Based on our results, the vascular neoplastic changes of carcinoma in situ of the larynx could be similar to carcinoma in situ of the esophagus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Japan. tamasaki@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: Chikatoshi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Katada
authors.forename: Meijin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Yutomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seino
authors.forename: Wasaburo
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.forename: Makito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D020776:Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D020704:Laryngoscopes; D007830:Larynx / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000473:pathology