title: Effects of pirfenidone on proliferation, migration, and collagen contraction of human Tenon's fibroblasts in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of pirfenidone, a novel antifibrotic agent, on proliferation, migration, and collagen contraction of human Tenon's fibroblasts (HTFs).
  
  
  METHODS
  After treatment of HTFs with pirfenidone, cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Cell migration was investigated by scratch assay. Contractility was evaluated in fibroblast-populated collagen gels. Cell viability was determined by trypan blue exclusion assay. The expression of TGF-beta1, -beta2, and -beta3 was estimated with RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pirfenidone induced significant dose-dependent inhibition of HTF proliferation and migration and collagen contraction. After treatment with different concentrations of pirfenidone (0.15, 0.3, and 1 mg/mL) for 24 and 72 hours, cell viability was not different in the treatment and control groups. After 24 hours of treatment with pirfenidone, HTFs showed dose-dependent decreases in mRNA and protein levels of TGF-beta1, -beta2, and -beta3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that pirfenidone inhibits proliferation, migration, and collagen contraction of HTFs at nontoxic concentrations. A decrease in autocrine TGF-beta signaling may have a role in the effects of pirfenidone.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xianchai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Minbin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Kaili
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hongzhi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005205:Fascia / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D011728:Pyridones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D011728:Pyridones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3; D003094:Collagen; C093844:pirfenidone