Ectoenzymes and innate immunity: the role of human CD157 in leukocyte trafficking.
CD157 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule encoded by a member of the CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase gene family, involved in the metabolism of NAD. Expressed mainly by cells of the myeloid lineage and by vascular endothelial cells, CD157 has a dual nature behaving both as an ectoenzyme and as a receptor. Although it lacks a cytoplasmic domain, and cannot transduce signals on its own, the molecule compensates for this structural limit by interacting with conventional receptors. Recent experimental evidence suggests that CD157 orchestrates critical functions of human neutrophils. Indeed, CD157-mediated signals promote cell polarization, regulate chemotaxis induced through the high affinity fMLP receptor and control transendothelial migration.
Funaro
Ada
A
Department of Genetics, Biology and Biochemistry, University of Torino Medical School, Via Santena 19, 10126 Torino, Italy. ada.funaro@unito.it
Ortolan
Erika
E
Bovino
Paola
P
Lo Buono
Nicola
N
Nacci
Giulia
G
Parrotta
Rossella
R
Ferrero
Enza
E
Malavasi
Fabio
F
D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D005810:Multigene Family
D015703:Antigens, CD; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D036541:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase; C087521:ADP-ribosyl cyclase 2