title: Origin of the electron-hole asymmetry in the scanning tunneling spectrum of the high-temperature Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta superconductor.
abstract: We have developed a material specific theoretical framework for modeling scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) of high-temperature superconducting materials in the normal as well as the superconducting state. Results for Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta (Bi2212) show clearly that the tunneling process strongly modifies the STS spectrum from the local density of states of the dx2-y2 orbital of Cu. The dominant tunneling channel to the surface Bi involves the dx2-y2 orbitals of the four neighboring Cu atoms. In accord with experimental observations, the computed spectrum displays a remarkable asymmetry between the processes of electron injection and extraction, which arises from contributions of Cu dz2 and other orbitals to the tunneling current.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 692, 33101 Tampere, Finland. jouko.nieminen@tut.fi
authors.forename: Jouko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nieminen
authors.forename: Hsin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Markiewicz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bansil