title: Noninvasive in vivo spectroscopic nanorod-contrast photoacoustic mapping of sentinel lymph nodes.
abstract: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy has increasingly become important in axillary staging of breast cancer patients since SLN biopsy alleviates the postoperative complications of previously practiced axillary lymph node dissections. Nevertheless, the procedures of SLN biopsy using blue dye and radioactive substance are still intraoperative, and the latter methods are also ionizing. In this pilot study, we have proposed noninvasive in vivo spectroscopic photoacoustic (PA) SLN mapping using gold nanorods as lymph node tracers in a rat model. Gold nanorods have biocompatibility, high optical absorption, and easily tuned surface plasmon resonance peak wavelength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130-4899, USA. ksong@biomed.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Kwang Hyun
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Chulhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maslov
authors.forename: Lihong V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000379:methods*