title: Measuring fixation disparity with infrared eye-trackers.
abstract: Fixation disparity, that is, misalignment of the gaze direction of both eyes, may be observed in static conditions (through standard optometric evaluation) and dynamic conditions (through eye movement recording). A computation method is presented to determine vergence angles and fixation disparity from gaze positions as commonly recorded by infrared eye-trackers when a participant looks at a personal computer (PC) screen. Eye-tracking devices provide gaze position in coordinates relative to the bidimensional screen surface. From these data, vergence angles can be calculated by trigonometric triangulations; fixation disparity is then calculated from the vergence angles. The application of the procedure to the recordings of one participant is described. To control for the effective alignment of the two eyes on the target during binocular calibration, a procedure based on the dichoptic presentation of nonius lines was used. The recordings confirm that computation and the dichoptic calibration procedures ensure reliable measures of vergence and fixation disparity. The usefulness of this approach with infrared recording of eye position is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione Santa Lucia-Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Neuropsychology Unit, via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy. m.deluca@hsantalucia.it
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Donatella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spinelli
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zoccolotti
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D003290:Convergence, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008297:Male; D015357:Vision Disparity / Q000502:physiology*; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*