DPP4 inhibitors: from sitagliptin monotherapy to the new alogliptin-pioglitazone combination therapy.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is currently considered to be an epidemic disease. A safe and effective treatment has long been sought by scientists. Incretin mimetics and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors represent a new class of agents that have recently been included as antidiabetic drugs. Although only a limited number of studies exist regarding the treatment of DM based on the incretin effect, DPP4 inhibitors have so far proved to be safe and effective, both when administered alone or in combination with other antidiabetic medication. This review focuses on incretin-effect physiology, as well as the DPP4 inhibitors, from sitagliptin to the new alogliptin-pioglitazone combination agent, given as monotherapy and in combination with other antidiabetic agents.
Argyrakopoulou
Georgia
G
Laikon Hospital, Kapodistriakon University Medical School, Athens, Greece.
Doupis
John
J
D000218:Adamantane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054795:Incretins / Q000378:metabolism; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014498:Uracil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
D004151:Dipeptides; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D054795:Incretins; D010880:Piperidines; D011719:Pyrazines; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014230:Triazoles; D014498:Uracil; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; C502994:saxagliptin; C042807:DPP4 protein, human; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; C520853:alogliptin; D000218:Adamantane; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate; D000077205:Pioglitazone