title: Analysis of salivary flow and dose-volume modeling of complication incidence in patients with head-and-neck cancer receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate dose-volume effects of salivary flow and the functional recovery over time, using salivary function data and different models of normal tissue complication probability (NTCP).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 59 patients with head-and-neck cancer treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) were analyzed in the present study. The toxicity was evaluated using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) scale and salivary flows, both unstimulated (USF) and stimulated (SSF). The assessments were done before radiotherapy (RT) and at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after RT. Grade 3 toxicity was the primary endpoint. Analyses of toxicity incidence at 3, 6, and 12 months after RT were performed by both the Lyman-Kutcher-Burman (LKB) and relative seriality (S) models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant correlation was found between the incidence of Grade 3 toxicity and the incidence of patients with a reduction in SSF to <25% of the pre-RT value. Better correlations resulted between the RTOG toxicity score and the dosimetric parameters, compared with USF/SSF. The TD(50), assessed by the LKB model, was 21.4, 27.8, and 41.6 Gy at 3, 6, and 12 months after RT, respectively. The TD(50), assessed by the S model, was 20.0, 26.3, and 40.0 Gy at 3, 6, and 12 months after RT, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recovery of salivary gland function vs. time after RT took place mostly within 1 year after RT. The RTOG Grade 3 was a reliable score to perform the NTCP modeling. The choice of NTCP model had no influence on the accuracy of predictions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Fisica Medica e Sistemi Esperti, Istituto Regina Elena, Rome, Italy. marzi@ifo.it
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marzi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iaccarino
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pasciuti
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soriani
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benassi
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arcangeli
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giovinazzo
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benassi
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marucci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012472:Salivation / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D013997:Time Factors; D047368:Tumor Burden; D014987:Xerostomia / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult