title: Quality of life in pediatric bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bipolar disorder is a common mood disorder associated with significant disability and impairment in quality of life in adults. Little research has examined the impact of the disorder on quality of life in children and adolescents. The current study examines the quality of life in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder compared with other physical and psychiatric illnesses.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 529 youth and caregiver pairs who sought services at a community mental health center or an academic medical center. Diagnoses were based on semistructured interviews of caregivers and youths, and quality of life was determined by the parent-reported Revised Children Quality of Life Questioinnaire (KINDL) questionnaire and compared with published benchmarks for many medical illnesses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the youths was 12.0 years, 57% were boys, 72% were black, 22% were white, and 17% had received bipolar disorder diagnoses. Youths with bipolar disorder had significantly lower quality-of-life scores than youths with asthma, atopic dermatitis, obesity, arthritis, oxygen dependence, heart surgery during infancy, depression, behavior disorders, and nonmood and nonbehavior psychiatric diagnoses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Youths with bipolar disorder reported lower quality of life than other youths encountered in pediatric practice. Pediatricians should attend not only to the child's mood symptoms but also to the overall impairment of the disorder.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina, Department of Psychology, CB3270, Davie Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA. eay@unc.edu
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Youngstrom
authors.forename: Erin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Michalak
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: Oren I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Findling
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D010552:Personality Assessment; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*