title: Consumer design priorities for upper limb prosthetics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure consumer satisfaction with upper limb prosthetics and provide an enumerated list of design priorities for future developments.
  
  
  METHODS
  A self-administered, anonymous survey collected information on participant demographics, history of and goals for prosthesis use, satisfaction, and design priorities. The questionnaire was available online and in paper format and was distributed through healthcare providers, community support groups, and one prosthesis manufacturer; 242 participants of all ages and levels of upper limb absence completed the survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rates of rejection for myoelectric hands, passive hands, and body-powered hooks were 39%, 53%, and 50%, respectively. Prosthesis wearers were generally satisfied with their devices while prosthesis rejecters were dissatisfied. Reduced prosthesis weight emerged as the highest priority design concern of consumers. Lower cost ranked within the top five design priorities for adult wearers of all device types. Life-like appearance is a priority for passive/cosmetic prostheses, while improved harness comfort, wrist movement, grip control and strength are required for body-powered devices. Glove durability, lack of sensory feedback, and poor dexterity were also identified as design priorities for electric devices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Design priorities reflect consumer goals for prosthesis use and vary depending on the type of prosthesis used and age. Future design efforts should focus on the development of more light-weight, comfortable prostheses.
authors.affiliation: Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Biddiss
authors.forename: Dorcas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beaton
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chau
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001186:Artificial Limbs; D002648:Child; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D034941:Upper Extremity; D055815:Young Adult