title: Recombinant bone morphogenic protein-2 in orthopaedic surgery: a review.
abstract: Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are pleiotropic regulators of bone volume, skeletal organogenesis and bone regeneration after a fracture. They function as signaling agents to affect cellular events like proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix synthesis. Clinically utilized rhBMP-2 combines rhBMP-2 with an osteoconductive carrier to induce bone growth and acts as a bone graft substitute. rhBMP-2, initially released in 2002, has been used primarily in spinal fusions in the lumbar and cervical regions. Recently, the application of rhBMP-2 has extended into the orthopedic trauma setting with increased application in open tibia fractures. This review outlines the history of development, molecular characteristics, toxicity and clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.
authors.forename: Mauricio A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Valdes
authors.forename: Nikhil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.forename: Surena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Namdari
authors.forename: Deborah M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ciombor
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palumbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017759:Fractures, Malunited / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013123:Spinal Fusion
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins