title: Efficacy, safety and acceptability of biphasic insulin aspart 30 in Indian patients with type 2 diabetes: results from the PRESENT study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Physicians' Routine Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of NovoMix 30 Therapy (PRESENT) study was done to assess the safety and effectiveness of biphasic insulin aspart 30 (BIAsp 30) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in routine clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, multicentric, multinational, observational study in type 2 diabetes patients. The patients were transferred to BIAsp 30 with or without oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs). We present the results of 6 months of treatment in the Indian cohort (n = 3559) with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were inadequately controlled on current treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At three and six months, significant reductions from baseline were observed in the mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (-1.32% and -1.94%), fasting plasma glucose (-56.16 mg/dl and -75.24 mg/dl) and post-prandial plasma glucose (-88.74 mg/dl and -119.16 mg/dl) (p < 0.001). A significantly greater proportion of patients achieved target HbAlc of less than 7% at six months (31.1%), compared with baseline (3.1%), of which 70.4% did not report hypoglycaemia. The rate of total hypoglycaemia was reduced from 3.1 events per patient-year at baseline to 1.5 events per patient-year at end of the study. Episodes were mostly minor and diurnal. Except for two serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported by one patient at 3 months, there were no reports of ADRs during the treatment period. More than 95% of patients and doctors were "very satisfied" or "satisfied" with BIAsp 30 treatment, compared to previous treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of BIAsp 30 monotherapy or in combination with OADs in clinical practice was effective and safe in poorly controlled Indian type 2 diabetes patients. Both patients and doctors showed a high degree of treatment satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, MG Medical College, Jaipur.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Unnikrishnan
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hoskote
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Moharana
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Chakkarwar
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Vaz
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D061265:Biphasic Insulins; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061267:Insulin Aspart; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D011446:Prospective Studies; D044469:Racial Groups; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D061265:Biphasic Insulins; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061267:Insulin Aspart; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; C557564:insulin aspart, insulin aspart protamine drug combination 30:70