Endovascular management of acute ischemic stroke.
The management of stroke has progressed significantly over the past 2 decades due to successful treatment protocols including intravenous and intraarterial options. The intravenous administration of tissue plasminogen activator within an established treatment window has been proven in large, well-designed studies. The evolution of endovascular strategies for acute stroke has been prompted by the limits of the intravenous treatment, as well as by the desire to demonstrate improved recanalization rates and improved long-term outcomes. The interventional treatment options available today are the intraarterial administration of tissue plasminogen activator and newer antiplatelet agents, mechanical thrombectomy with the MERCI device and the Penumbra system, and intracranial angioplasty and stent placement. In this review the authors outline the major studies that have defined the current field of acute stroke management and discuss the basic treatment paradigms that are commonly used today.
Gandhi
Chirag D
CD
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.
Christiano
Lana D
LD
Prestigiacomo
Charles J
CJ
D000077284:Abciximab; D017130:Angioplasty / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015607:Stents; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D017131:Thrombectomy / Q000379:methods*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D000077284:Abciximab