title: Characterization of sleeping sickness transmission sites in rural and periurban areas of Kinshasa (République Démocratique du Congo).
abstract: To characterize the potential transmission sites of sleeping sickness in Kinshasa, two entomologic surveys were carried out during the dry and the rainy seasons in rural and periurban areas of Kinshasa in 2005. About 610 pyramidal traps were set up, and 897 Glossina fuscipes quanzensis were captured. Environmental and biologic factors were reported, and relationships between these factors were evaluated using logistic regression and multiple correspondence analysis. The biologic factors (the presence of tsetse flies, human blood meals, and teneral flies) were progressively accumulated at each capture site to permit the characterization of the sleeping sickness transmission risk. The dry season was found to be a more favorable period for the disease transmission than the rainy season. Moreover, the landscapes characterized by the presence of argillaceous soils, raised ground cover with forest residues and rivers, were identified as types of environments with greater risk of sleeping sickness transmission. Pig breeding appeared as an important factor increasing the disease transmission. If vector control is continuously performed along rivers segments at high risk, the transmission of sleeping sickness in rural and periurban areas of Kinshasa will considerably decrease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche et de Coordination sur les Trypanosomoses (LRCT), UR 177 IRD/CIRAD, TA-A17G, Campus international de Baillarguet, Montpellier, France. pascal.grebaut@ird.fr
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grébaut
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bena
authors.forename: Emile Zola
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Manzambi
authors.forename: Philémon
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mansinsa
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Khande
authors.forename: Gaelle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ollivier
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cuny
authors.forename: Gustave
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Simo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015023:Democratic Republic of the Congo; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000469:parasitology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012621:Seasons; D014347:Trypanosoma brucei gambiense; D014353:Trypanosomiasis, African / Q000635:transmission*; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000254:growth & development*; D014505:Urban Population