title: Xylanases from Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus niveus and Aspergillus ochraceus produced under solid-state fermentation and their application in cellulose pulp bleaching.
abstract: This study describes the production of xylanases from Aspergillus niveus, A. niger, and A. ochraceus under solid-state fermentation using agro-industrial residues as substrates. Enzyme production was improved using a mixture of wheat bran and yeast extract or peptone. When a mixture of corncob and wheat bran was used, xylanase production from A. niger and A. ochraceus increased by 18%. All cultures were incubated at 30 degrees C at 70-80% relative humidity for 96 h. For biobleaching assays, 10 or 35 U of xylanase/g dry cellulose pulp were incubated at pH 5.5 for 1 or 2 h, at 55 degrees C. The delignification efficiency was 20%, the brightness (percentage of ISO) increased two to three points and the viscosity was maintained confirming the absence of cellulolytic activity. These results indicated that the use of xylanases could help to reduce the amount of chlorine compounds used in cellulose pulp treatment.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: J H A
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Betini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michelin
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Peixoto-Nogueira
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Terenzi
authors.forename: M L T M
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Polizeli
mesh_terms: D001230:Aspergillus / Q000201:enzymology*; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000201:enzymology*; D001235:Aspergillus ochraceus / Q000201:enzymology*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D002482:Cellulose; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases; D009584:Nitrogen