title: Induction of phenoloxidases in the humoral fluids of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri by Vibrio alginolyticus and Escherichia coli.
abstract: The humoral immune responses of amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri to microbial challenge remain open to date. Here we examined the changes in PO activity in the humoral fluids in amphioxus before and after challenge with Escherichia coli and Vibrio alginolyticus. It was found that PO activity in the humoral fluids is markedly increased by challenge with E. coli and V. alginolyticus; and the microbial challenge results in a significant rise in subunit 2 of the three PO subunits, making PO subunit 2 a marker enzyme responsive to microbial challenge. This is the first report on microbial induction of the immune-related molecules like PO in B. belcheri.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, PR China.
authors.forename: Qiuxiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Shicui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bosheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002816:Chordata, Nonvertebrate / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D044149:Vibrio alginolyticus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase