title: Self-learning experience in transbronchial needle aspiration in diagnosis of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lack of a training program and experience result in underutilized transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA). Pulmonologists who are not graduated from Europe or the United States might have little chance to learn and gain experience in this procedure.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the authors' diagnostic yield from self-learning TBNA in diagnosis of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  After reviewing a videotape recorded TBNA procedure repetitively and receiving training in tracheobronchial lung model, the authors performed TBNA according to standard techniques using 21-guage cytology needles connected to a flexible bronchoscope in diagnosis of intrathoracic lymphadenopathy and performed data collection on all TBNA procedures at Ramathibodi Hospital, a tertiary university hospital in Bangkok, Thailand between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-eight consecutive patients were examined Twenty-seven nodes (71.1%) were malignancies and II nodes (28.9%) were benign diseases. During the first 6-month, the authors' diagnostic yield and frequency of adequate specimens were low. With some modification of the TBNA technique and learning experience, the frequency of inadequate specimens significant decreased from 36.4% to 0% (p = 0.03). Although the diagnostic yield increased from 45.5% to 84.6%, it did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.09). No complication, in either the patients or the bronchoscopes, was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TBNA is a safe procedure that can be self-mastered by pulmonologists with interest, intent, and who exert themselves. TBNA performance will be improved over time with practice.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. bss-vb@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Viboon
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boonsarngsuk
authors.forename: Atcharaporn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pongtippan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001296:Audiovisual Aids; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D015272:Pulmonary Medicine / Q000193:education*; D013909:Thorax; D014743:Videotape Recording; D055815:Young Adult