Cyclooxygenase (COX)-inhibiting drug reduces HSV-1 reactivation in the mouse eye model.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the effects of COX inhibitors on suppressing HSV-1 reactivation in a mouse model.


METHODS
BALB/c mice were latently infected with HSV-1 and treated by 0.1% bromfenac Na eye drops, 0.1% pranoprofen eye drops, 0.1 mg oral etodolac 4 times/day, and saline for 4 days. After reactivating the latent HSV-1, we swabbed the mouse ocular surface for the culture of the infectious virus and assessed the viral loads in the eyes and trigeminal ganglia (TGs) using real-time PCR to determine the treatment efficacies.


RESULTS
With stimulated reactivation, 10 of 24 (41.7%), 5 of 10 (50.0%), 17 of 25 (68%), and 16 of 22 eyes (72.7%) showed positive swab results in the bromfenac Na, etodolac, pranoprofen, and saline groups, respectively; and a significant difference was seen only between the bromfenac Na and saline groups (p = 0.033). None of the three drug-treated groups showed any significant difference from the saline group in the viral DNA in the eyes and TGs (p > 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Bromfenac Na eye drops can suppress HSV-1 reactivation.
Higaki
Shiro
S
Department of Ophthalmology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan. higaki@ganka.med.kindai.ac.jp
Watanabe
Keizo
K
Itahashi
Motoki
M
Shimomura
Yoshikazu
Y
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001969:Bromobenzenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003315:Cornea / Q000294:innervation / Q000821:virology*; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017308:Etodolac / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D018628:Gene Dosage; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D016849:Keratitis, Herpetic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011422:Propionates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000821:virology*; D019562:Viral Load; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000502:physiology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001577:Benzophenones; D001578:Benzopyrans; D001969:Bromobenzenes; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D004279:DNA, Viral; D011422:Propionates; D017308:Etodolac; C043940:pyranoprofen; C053083:bromfenac