title: Infection rate with application of an antibiotic-impregnated catheter for shunt implantation in children - a retrospective analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The infection rate of hydrocephalus shunts in children amounts figures of up to 25% and the according mortality rate is alarming high nowadays yet. An antibiotic impregnated shunt-catheter (AIS) was designed to reduce the incidence of shunt infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a non randomized trial 56 children were examined between January 2002 inclusive December 2007. The minimal follow-up was six months. Only children were included, who were shunted for the first time. In the study group (n=34) AIS (Bactiseal ) Codman, Johnson & Johnson, MA, Boston, USA) were used, while the control group (n=22) was provided with conventional, not-antibiotic impregnated catheters. To compare the risk profile for shunt infections, we defined, - according to the literature -, some risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite the incidence of shunt infections has been supposed to be higher according to the higher risk profile of the AIS group compared with controls, the shunt infection rate of the AIS group was lower than the shunt infection rate in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apparently, AIS can reduce the incidence of shunt infections in children. Further prospective trials with a larger cohort are necessary for a statistically significant prove.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany. Regina.Eymann@uks.eu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eymann
authors.forename: W-I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Steudel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiefer
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D002981:Clindamycin; D012293:Rifampin