Syringe size: does it matter in physician-performed procedures?
OBJECTIVE
We hypothesized that the size of syringe influenced needle control in physician-performed procedures.


METHODS
Operators were tested for their ability to control a 1-, 3-, 5-, 10-, and 20-mL syringe and equivalent sizes of the new safety device, the reciprocating procedure device (RPD), using the quantitative needle-based displacement method. Three hundred twenty clinical syringe procedures were then randomized to either a 3- or 10-mL conventional syringe or to a 3- or 10-mL RPD. Patient pain was measured with the Visual Analog Pain Scale (VAPS).


RESULTS
Increasing syringe size was associated with the undesirable characteristic of unintended forward penetration (loss of control of the needle in the forward direction) (r(2) = 0.97, slope = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.54-2.76, P < 0.002), and unintended retraction (loss of control of the needle in the reverse direction) (r(2) = 0.97, slope 2.15, 95% CI: 1.54-2.76, P < 0.002). In addition, 2-handed operation of a syringe resulted in greater control than 1-handed operation of a syringe (P < 0.001). When 1-handed operation was required, the RPD control syringe reduced unintended penetration by 52.3% (P >or= 0.001), unintended retraction by 56.8% (P >or= 0.001), and patient pain by 54.7% (P >or= 0.001) at each device size.


CONCLUSIONS
For greater safety and control when operating the conventional syringe, smaller syringe sizes and 2 hands instead of 1 hand should be used whenever possible. If 1-handed operation of a syringe is necessary, a safety technology like the RPD control syringe should be used.
Michael
Adrian A
AA
Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
Moorjani
Gautam R
GR
Peisajovich
Andres
A
Park
Kye S
KS
Sibbitt
Wilmer L
WL
Bankhurst
Arthur D
AD
D002983:Clinical Competence; D004867:Equipment Design / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D013594:Syringes / Q000009:adverse effects*