title: Quantitative analysis of single-stranded DNA immunoreactivity as a marker of neuronal apoptosis in hippocampus with regard to the causes of death in medicolegal autopsy.
abstract: The present study immunohistochemically investigated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) as a marker of DNA injury during apoptosis and programmed cell death to evaluate neuronal damage in the hippocampus with regard to the cause of death in serial medicolegal autopsy cases (n=335, <48 h postmortem). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded brain tissue specimens were used. Neuronal ssDNA-immunopositivity in CA1 and CA4 regions was independent of the age, gender or postmortem interval, and generally low in acute deaths. Positivity in these regions was moderately correlated in all cases (r=0.64, P<0.001), and marked correlations were detected in drowning (r=0.98, P<0.001) and drug intoxication (r=0.86, P<0.001). In brain injury, survival time-dependency within 48 h was not detected in CA1, but mildly present in CA4 (r=0.38, P<0.01). However, a rapid increase was shown in cerebral contusion and brain stem injury. These findings suggested that the analyses of ssDNA-immunohistochemistry in the hippocampus may be useful for evaluating neuronal damage in various causes of death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Asahi-machi 1-4-3, Abeno, Osaka 545-8585, Japan. michi.leg@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Michiue
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Takaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Bao-Li
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000032:analysis*; D004332:Drowning / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D049429:Forensic Pathology; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D011041:Poisoning / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D005819:Genetic Markers