title: Inhibition of vascular smooth-muscle cell proliferation and arterial restenosis by HO-3867, a novel synthetic curcuminoid, through up-regulation of PTEN expression.
abstract: Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor gene, has been shown to play a vital role in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and hence is a potential therapeutic target to inhibit vascular remodeling. The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of HO-3867 [((3E,5E)-3,5-bis[(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]-1-[(1-hydroxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-one)], a new synthetic curcuminoid, in the inhibition of vascular SMC proliferation and restenosis. Experiments were performed using human aortic SMCs and a rat carotid artery balloon injury model. HO-3867 (10 microM) significantly inhibited the proliferation of serum-stimulated SMCs by inducing cell cycle arrest at the G(1) phase (72% at 24 h) and apoptosis (at 48 h). HO-3867 significantly increased the phosphorylated and total levels of PTEN in SMCs. Suppression of PTEN expression by PTEN-small interfering RNA transfection reduced p53 and p21 levels and increased extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation, resulting in decreased apoptosis. Conversely, overexpression of PTEN by cDNA transfection activated caspase-3 and increased apoptosis. Furthermore, HO-3867 significantly down-regulated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB expressions in SMCs. Finally, HO-3867 inhibited arterial neointimal hyperplasia through overexpression of PTEN and down-regulation of MMPs and NF-kappaB proteins. HO-3867 is a potent drug, capable of overexpressing PTEN, which is a key target in the prevention of vascular remodeling, including restenosis.
authors.affiliation: Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Karuppaiyah
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Selvendiran
authors.forename: M Lakshmi
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kuppusamy
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bratasz
authors.forename: Liyue
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Brian K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Cameron
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rink
authors.forename: Chandan K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kálai
authors.forename: Kálmán
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hideg
authors.forename: Periannan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuppusamy
mesh_terms: D051698:Activating Transcription Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001597:Benzylidene Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003474:Curcumin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010881:Piperidones / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C541427:(3,5-bis((4-fluorophenyl)methylidene)-1-((1-hydroxy-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)methyl)piperidin-4-one); D051698:Activating Transcription Factor 2; D001597:Benzylidene Compounds; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010881:Piperidones; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D053148:Caspase 3; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D003474:Curcumin