title: Overexpression of E2F-5 correlates with a pathological basal phenotype and a worse clinical outcome.
abstract: The purpose of the present study is to identify genes that contribute to cell proliferation or differentiation of breast cancers independent of signalling through the oestrogen receptor (ER) or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). An oligonucleotide microarray assayed 40 tumour samples from ER(+)/HER2(-), ER(+)/HER2(+), ER(-)/HER2(+), and ER(-)/HER2(-) breast cancer tissues. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR detected overexpression of a cell cycle-related transcription factor, E2F-5, in ER-negative breast cancers, and fluorescence in situ hybridisation detected gene amplification of E2F-5 in 5 out of 57 (8.8%) breast cancer samples. No point mutations were found in the DNA-binding or DNA-dimerisation domain of E2F-5. Immunohistochemically, E2F-5-positive cancers correlated with a higher Ki-67 labelling index (59.5%, P=0.001) and higher histological grades (P=0.049). E2F-5-positive cancers were found more frequently in ER(-)/progesterone receptor (PgR)(-)/HER2(-) cancer samples (51.9%, P=0.0049) and in breast cancer samples exhibiting a basal phenotype (56.0%, P=0.0012). Disease-free survival in node-negative patients with E2F-5-positive cancers was shorter than for patients with E2F-5-negative cancers. In conclusion, we identify, for the first time, a population of breast cancer cells that overexpress the cell cycle-related transcription factor, E2F-5. This E2F-5-positive breast cancer subtype was associated with an ER(-)/PgR(-)/HER2(-) status, a basal phenotype, and a worse clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan. umemura@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shirane
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takekoshi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kusakabe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Egashira
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokuda
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Y R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Osamura
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D050700:E2F5 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D050700:E2F5 Transcription Factor; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C092558:E2F5 protein, human