title: Psychopathic traits and deception: functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is relatively little existing information regarding the neural correlates of deception in individuals with psychopathic traits.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between neural responses during deception and psychopathic personality traits in a sample of male participants drawn from the normal population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four male participants carried out a simple deception paradigm while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Psychopathic traits were assessed in the sample using the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean response times were greater for the lie than truth condition. Lie responses resulted in enhanced activation of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. The PPI sub-scales, coldheartedness, fearlessness, Machiavellian egocentricity, social potency and stress immunity were found to be correlated with activation patterns in the brain circuitry implicated in both deception and related processes such as behavioural restraint and social cognition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is a novel technology that may prove useful in our understanding of some of the key components of the psychopathy construct in both clinical and non-clinical contexts.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Forensic Behavioural Science, School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Monash University, Victorian Institute of Forensic Mental Health, Locked Bag 10, Fairfield VIC 3078, Australia. rachael.fullam@forensicare.vic.gov.au
authors.forename: Rachael S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Fullam
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McKie
authors.forename: Mairead C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dolan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D008192:Deception; D006801:Humans; D008014:Lie Detection / Q000523:psychology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult