title: Vascular endothelial growth factor-induced chemotaxis and IL-10 from T cells.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a proangiogenic mediator that promotes tumor growth. The role of VEGF in T lymphocytes is unknown. We found that T lymphocytes activated by either anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) plus anti-CD28 mAb or by antigens on antigen-presenting cells transcribed mRNA for VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and VEGFR2. However, only VEGFR1 was expressed on the T cell surface. The addition of VEGF to either resting or activated T cells did not affect their proliferation, but VEGF increased IL-10 production and slightly decreased IFN-gamma production. A chemotaxis assay revealed that activated T lymphocytes migrate in response to VEGF. Our data suggest that VEGF has a direct immunomodulatory effect on T cells. Engagement of a high concentration of VEGF with VEGFR1 on T cells may cause T cells to migrate to tumor sites, and this interaction may play a role in IL-10-mediated immune evasion by tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tumor Immunity Medical Research Center, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jin-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Il-Hee
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Jung-Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bongi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chung-Gyu
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2