title: ApoE and ApoC-I polymorphisms: association of genotype with cardiovascular disease phenotype in African Americans.
abstract: Apolipoproteins (apo) E and C-I are components of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins and impact their metabolism. Functional polymorphisms have been established in apoE but not in apoC-I. We studied the relationship between apoE and apoC-I gene polymorphisms and plasma lipoproteins and coronary artery disease (CAD) in 211 African Americans and 306 Caucasians. In African Americans but not in Caucasians, apoC-I H2-carriers had significantly lower total and LDL cholesterol and apoB levels, and higher glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels compared with H1 homozygotes. Differences across CAD phenotypes were seen for the apoC-I polymorphism. African-American H2-carriers without CAD had significantly lower total cholesterol (P < 0.001), LDL cholesterol (P < 0.001), and apoB (P < 0.001) levels compared with H1 homozygotes, whereas no differences were found across apoC-I genotypes for African Americans with CAD. Among African-American apoC-I H1 homozygotes, subjects with CAD had a profile similar to the metabolic syndrome (i.e., higher triglyceride, glucose, and insulin) compared with subjects without CAD. For African-American H2-carriers, subjects with CAD had a pro-atherogenic lipid pattern (i.e., higher LDL cholesterol and apoB levels), compared with subjects without CAD. ApoC-I genotypes showed an ethnically distinct phenotype relationship with regard to CAD and CAD risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Erdembileg
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anuurad
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shachter
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berglund
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics*; D053302:Apolipoprotein C-I / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: C505803:APOC1 protein, human; D053302:Apolipoprotein C-I; D001057:Apolipoproteins E