title: Seroprevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection among taiwanese human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive persons in the era of nationwide hepatitis B vaccination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess the impact of nationwide hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination program on the seroprevalence of HBV infection among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive persons in a country where most HBV exposure occurs during the perinatal period or in early childhood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HBV surface (anti-HBs), anti-HBV core (anti-HBc), and anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) antibody were retrospectively collected from 3,164 HIV-positive and 2,594 HIV-negative persons between 2004 and 2007. Comparisons of serological markers of HBV and HCV were made between HIV-positive and -negative adults born before and after the implementation of the HBV vaccination program in Taiwan in July 1984.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with HIV-negative persons, the adjusted odds ratio for HBsAg seropositivity was 1.100 (95% confidence interval, 0.921-1.315) among HIV-positive persons. Although the seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibody remained similar between HIV-positive persons born before and those born after 1984, the seroprevalence of HBsAg declined from 20.3 to 3.3% in HIV-positive persons (P<0.001) and from 15.5 to 8.5% in HIV-negative persons (P<0.001). Despite the high seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibody (97.1%) in HIV-positive injecting drug users (IDUs), there was no statistically significant difference in the seroprevalence of HBsAg (5.6% vs. 8.5%, P=0.75) or anti-HBc antibody (40.7% vs. 27.9%, P=0.14) between HIV-positive IDUs and HIV-negative persons who were born after 1984.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study showed a significant decline of seroprevalence of HBV infection among both HIV-negative and -positive persons who were born in the era of the nationwide HBV vaccination in Taiwan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsin-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Wen-Chien
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Jih-Jin
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Hsin-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chun-Eng
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wing-Wai
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Shey-Chiang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Mao-Wang
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Shu-Hsing
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Chin-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yu-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wei-Jay
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Wang-Huei
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Chien-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines