title: Reduction of Helicobacter infection in IL-10-/- mice is dependent on CD4+ T cells but not on mast cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In contrast to wild type, interleukin-10-deficient (IL-10(-/-)) mice are able to clear Helicobacter infection. In this study, we investigated the immune response of IL-10(-/-) mice leading to the reduction of Helicobacter infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We characterized the immune responses of Helicobacter felis-infected IL-10(-/-) mice by studying the systemic antibody and cellular responses toward Helicobacter. We investigated the role of CD4(+) T cells in the Helicobacter clearance by injecting H. felis-infected IL-10(-/-) mice with anti-CD4 depleting antibodies. To examine the role of mast cells in Helicobacter clearance, we constructed and infected mast cells and IL-10 double-deficient mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduction of Helicobacter infection in IL-10(-/-) mice is associated with strong humoral (fivefold higher serum antiurease antibody titers were measured in IL-10(-/-) in comparison to wild-type mice, p < .008) and cellular (urease-stimulated splenic CD4(+) T cells isolated from infected IL-10(-/-) mice produce 150-fold more interferon-gamma in comparison to wild-type counterparts, p < .008) immune responses directed toward Helicobacter. Depletion of CD4(+) cells from Helicobacter-infected IL-10(-/-) mice lead to the loss of bacterial clearance (rapid urease tests are threefold higher in CD4(+) depleted IL-10(-/-) in comparison to nondepleted IL-10(-/-) mice, p < .02). Mast cell IL-10(-/-) double-deficient mice clear H. felis infection, indicating that mast cells are unnecessary for the bacterial eradication in IL-10(-/-) mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, these results suggest that CD4(+) cells are required for Helicobacter clearance in IL-10(-/-) mice. This reduction of Helicobacter infection is, however, not dependent on the mast cell population.
authors.affiliation: Service de Gastro-entérologie et d'Hépatologie, Centre Hospitalier Uniersitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. pierre.michetti@chuv.ch
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velin
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Hanifa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bouzourene
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Michetti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10