title: Validation of the KOFUS (Knee Osteoarthritis Flare-Ups Score).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a diagnostic score for knee osteoarthritis flare-ups and to evaluate its sensitivity and specificity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used two epidemiological databases built using the same methodology. One database was from a general-practice study and served to develop the score, whereas the other was from a rheumatology study and served to validate the score. Physicians determined the flare-up status of each patient. The rheumatologist diagnosis was the reference standard. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors significantly associated with having a flare-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 6085 patients in the general-practice database, 52.3% had a knee osteoarthritis flare-up. The score was built by assigning points to features that were present, with a weighting system based on the odds ratio of each feature for having a flare-up (0, feature absent; 1, morning stiffness for longer than 20 min; 2, pain causing nocturnal awakenings and knee effusion; 3, limping, joint swelling, and increased warmth over the knee). The score could range from 0 to 14. The receiver-operating characteristic curve showed that 7 was the best cutoff for diagnosing a flare-up. In the rheumatologist database, the numbers of patients having a flare-up were 274 (46.4%) based on the score and 270 (45.7%) based on the rheumatologist diagnosis. Sensitivity of the score was 87.0%, specificity 87.9%, positive predictive value 85.8%, and negative predictive value 89.0%. The Youden index was 0.75.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A score equal to or greater than 7 points correlated well with a rheumatologist diagnosis of flare-up. Our score may constitute a valid objective criterion for standardizing the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis flare-up, most notably when screening patients for inclusion in therapeutic trials.
authors.affiliation: Service de Rhumatologie, Centre hospitalier Henri Mondor, Créteil 94010, France. marc.marty@free.fr
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marty
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hilliquin
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rozenberg
authors.forename: Jean Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Valat
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vignon
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coste
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Savarieau
authors.forename: François André
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Allaert
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012219:Rheumatology / Q000379:methods*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index