[Radioprotection: doctrinaire references and medical surveillance].
The current statement of radioprotection, as formulated in the 60/90 ICRP Publication and confirmed in the recent 103/07 ICRP Publication, strengths the conceptual principle of the optimization, justification and limitation of doses, it analyses the risk and proposes the values of dose limitation, according to socio-medical considerations. The medical radioprotection's aim moved from the limitation of deterministic damages ("tissue reactions" according to ICRP 103/07) to the probability's reduction of stochastic effects appearance. The "tissue reaction problem" was solved maintaining the exposition limits under the threshold. All the Radiological Protection System is orientated toward the reduction of stochastic effects appearence based on epidemiological evidences (if findable) and caution: caution is represented by LNT (Linear No-Threshold Hypotesis). This hypothesis permits to apply criteria of risk's evaluation by mathematics intruments. Even if sometimes this hypothesis was scientifically criticized recently (ICRP 103/07) it's been considered valid for the prevention in the radiological protection sphere. The medical radioprotection is interested in worker's general state of health. This state of health should be compatible with specific work's conditions and permit to formulated a judgement of fitness. This compatibility (without contraindication) shall be kept and checked time by bringing about preventive measures and, in the same time, picking out the first signs of any pathologies. Therefore with the radioprotection we can talk about genetic individual susceptibility to neoplasia. Especially with the moleculer genetics we can recognize a quite big number of hereditary defects combined with family predisposition to cancer. The medical surveillance therefore has to be a prevention activity for each individual worker considering his ipersusceptibility, his specific working risk, his particular state of health, his habits, his family predisposition, his aspirations and his socio-cultural context.
Ottenga
F
F
Sezione di Medicina del Lavoro del Dipartimento di Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Ortopedia e Traumatologia e Medicina del Lavoro dell'Università di Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, 56100 Pisa, Italy. francosgt@tin.it
Guidi
M
M
D006801:Humans; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000592:standards*