title: A thorough study on the use of quantitative 1H NMR in Rioja red wine fermentation processes.
abstract: In this study, we focused our attention on monitoring the levels of important metabolites of wine during the alcoholic and malolactic fermentation processes by quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR). Therefore, using (1)H NMR, the method allows the simultaneous quantification of ethanol, acetic, malic, lactic, and succinic acids, and the amino acids proline and alanine, besides the ratio proline/arginine through fermentation of must of grapes corresponding to the Tempranillo variety. Each (1)H NMR spectrum gives direct and visual information concerning these metabolites, and the effectiveness of each process was assessed and compared by carrying out analyses using infrared spectroscopy to ethanol and acetic acid. The quantitative data were explained with the aid of chemometric algorithms.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Quimica, Universidad de La Rioja, Grupo de Sintesis Quimica de La Rioja, UA-CSIC, Logrono, Spain.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López-Rituerto
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cabredo
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avenoza
authors.forename: Jesús H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Busto
authors.forename: Jesús M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Peregrina
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D000409:Alanine / Q000032:analysis; D000431:Ethanol / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D007700:Kinetics; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011392:Proline / Q000032:analysis; D019802:Succinic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D000431:Ethanol; D011392:Proline; D019802:Succinic Acid; D000409:Alanine; D019342:Acetic Acid