title: Our first experiences in applying an original method for removal of ABO-isoagglutinins in ABO-incompatible kidney recipients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Due to improved methods for removal of ABO isoagglutinins and novel immunosuppressive protocols, short and long-term outcome in blood group incompatible is similar to blood group compatible kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of our original method for removal of ABO isoagglutinins from the blood in ABO-incompatible kidney allograft recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2006 and 2008 twelve patients were transplanted from ABO incompatible living donors. Titers of ABO isoagglutinins were 4-128 (IgG). Immunosuppressive therapy started 14 days before kidney transplantation with rituximab, followed by a triple therapy (prednisone + tacrolimus + mycophenolate mofetil) and the first plasma exchange (PE) procedure, in which one plasma volume was substituted with albumin and saline on day 7 before transplantation. For selective extracorporeal immunoadsorption, the removed plasma was mixed with donor blood type filtered red blood cells, centrifuged and the supernatant separated and preserved. In the next PE procedure, the removed plasma was replaced with immunoadsorbed plasma, and so on. Titers of ABO agglutinins, renal allograft function and survival were followed-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pre-transplant treatment consisting of 1-5 PE procedures and immunosuppressive therapy resulted in target ABO agglutinins titers below 4. During a 10-24 month follow-up three patients had an early acute rejection, one patient acute rejection and hemolytic anemia, two patients surgical complications and one of them lost his graft. In the post-transplant period, the titers of ABO antibodies remained below 4. All the patients had stable kidney allograft function with mean serum creatinine +/- SD of 129 +/- 45 micromol/l at the end of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our method for removal of ABO antibodies was effective in a limited series of patients and short-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Military Medical Academy, Clinic of Nephrology, Department of Kidney Transplantation, Belgrade, Serbia. ljiljatx@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ljiljana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ignjatović
authors.forename: Zoran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kovacević
authors.forename: Dragan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jovanović
authors.forename: Neven
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vavić
authors.forename: Zoran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Paunić
authors.forename: Milorad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radojević
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rabrenović
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Obrencević
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mijusković
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Draskovic-Pavlović
authors.forename: Gordana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ostojić
authors.forename: Bela
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Balint
authors.forename: Dubravko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bokonjić
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology*; D000373:Agglutinins / Q000276:immunology*; D001787:Blood Group Incompatibility / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010951:Plasma Exchange; D010956:Plasmapheresis
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000373:Agglutinins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents