title: Differential IL-23 requirement for IL-22 and IL-17A production during innate immunity against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis.
abstract: Early activation of the IL-12/IFN-gamma axis has been shown following Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) infection. We were interested to study whether IL-22 and IL-17A production is initiated early in response to S. Enteritidis. We demonstrate here that IL-22 was strongly elevated in the peritoneal lavage fluid and in serum already 1 day post-intraperitoneal infection (d.p.i.) of mice; not only IL-22 but also IL-17A was produced ex vivo by activated peritoneal exudate cells (PEC). Peritoneal gammadelta T cells were identified as cellular source of IL-17A. The early IL-22 production was completely IL-23-dependent. In contrast, IL-17A production was only partially IL-23-dependent. To investigate the local production of upstream cytokines important for induction of IL-22, IL-17A and IFN-gamma during salmonellosis, the production of IL-23 and IL-12 was studied. Elevated p19 and p40 mRNA levels were found in PEC at 1 d.p.i., whereas p35 mRNA levels were not changed. Besides, the T(h)17-promoting cytokines IL-6, IL-1beta and transforming growth factor-beta were produced in response to S. Enteritidis. However, IL-6 was not required for IL-22 or IL-17A production by PEC. By ex vivo analysis of PEC at 1 d.p.i., we show that the major producers of early IL-12/23p40 in the peritoneal cavity were dendritic cells (DC), whereas macrophages notably contributed to IL-6 production. Taken together, these data suggest that DC initiate early IL-22 production at the site of infection which may contribute to resistance against salmonellosis. Furthermore, we provide evidence that production of IL-22 and IL-17A is differentially regulated during infection.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, An den Tierkliniken 11, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siegemund
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schütze
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wolk
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nasilowska
authors.forename: Reinhard K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Straubinger
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sabat
authors.forename: Gottfried
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053759:Interleukin-23 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000097043:Interleukin-22
chemical_list: D007371:Interferon-gamma; D018664:Interleukin-12; D020381:Interleukin-17; D053759:Interleukin-23; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007378:Interleukins; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D000097043:Interleukin-22