title: Osteoblastic bone formation is induced by using nanogel-crosslinking hydrogel as novel scaffold for bone growth factor.
abstract: Bone regeneration for the defects in revision surgery of joint replacement is an increasingly important issue. To repair bone defects, bone cell activation by growth factors using synthetic resorbable scaffold is a useful and safe option. We examine the efficiency of nanogel-crosslinking hydrogel as a novel synthetic scaffold for BMP to stimulate osteoblasts and to induce bone formation. Cholesterol-bearing pullulan nanogel-crosslinking hydrogel (CHPA/Hydrogel) was used to deliver BMP. The CHPA hydrogel pellets were implanted in vivo. Single implantation of CHPA/hydrogel containing low amounts of BMP induced osteoblastic activation and new bone formation in vivo. Furthermore, nanogel in a disc shape established recruitment of osteoblastic cells that vigorously formed bone to heal the calvarial defects, which did not heal spontaneously without it. In conclusion, CHPA/hydrogel serves as an efficient and versatile scaffold for the stimulation of osteoblasts to form bone and to repair defects via delivery of BMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Urara
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Yoshitomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saita
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hemmi
authors.forename: Tadayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayata
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ezura
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amagasa
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akiyoshi
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D005936:Glucans / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D000080385:Nanogels; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000503:physiopathology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011094:Polyethyleneimine / Q000737:chemistry*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012886:Skull / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012995:Solubility; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D005936:Glucans; D020100:Hydrogels; D000080385:Nanogels; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C413692:polyethylene glycol polyethyleneimine nanogel; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C009109:pullulan; D011094:Polyethyleneimine; D002784:Cholesterol