title: The Bracketless Fixed Orthodontics: nine years of clinical experimentation.
abstract: The Bracketless Fixed Orthodontics (BFO) is an innovative appliance made up of wires and resin. It comes from the observation of the instable position of frontal teeth still bonded to a fixed retainer and from a period of nine year of clinical experimentation on a way to preactivate a wire to obtain a wished dental movements without brackets. For this historical reasons the first experimental name was: Preactivated Retainers. It can be used to levelling teeth, as in case of relapse, or to remove the brackets before the end of the therapy. But it can be used also in more complicated clinical cases in patient that never have been treated with orthodontic therapy, alone or associated to other appliances. In this article are showed only some exemplificative clinical cases. The resolution of crowded teeth, the torque correction and the closing diastema. This appliance applied whether on the buccal aspect or on the lingual aspect of the teeth offers different advantages, as it guarantees a good control of the dental movement, also in the root movement, does not interfere in patients' phonetics and does not interfere in oral hygiene. Since don't exist neither precise references, like brackets, nor a codified therapeutic sequence the best results could be achieved accurately applying the principles of biomechanics described by Burstone and Melsen in their segmented approach.
authors.affiliation: marinomusilli@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Marino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Musilli
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000628:therapy; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000145:classification*; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D012117:Resins, Synthetic