title: Neutralizing antibody against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-coronavirus spike is highly effective for the protection of mice in the murine SARS model.
abstract: We evaluated the efficacy of three SARS vaccine candidates in a murine SARS model utilizing low-virulence Pp and SARS-CoV coinfection. Vaccinated mice were protected from severe respiratory disease in parallel with a low virus titer in the lungs and a high neutralizing antibody titer in the plasma. Importantly, the administration of spike protein-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody protected mice from the disease, indicating that the neutralization is sufficient for protection. Moreover, a high level of IL-6 and MCP-1 production, but not other 18 cytokines tested, on days 2 and 3 after SARS-CoV infection was closely linked to the virus replication and disease severity, suggesting the importance of these cytokines in the lung pathogenicity of SARS-CoV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Noriyo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ami
authors.forename: Shuetsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukushi
authors.forename: Fumihiro
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsunetsugu-Yokota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D001835:Body Weight; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000032:analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C578557:spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV