title: Effects of 10 Hz rTMS on the neural efficiency of working memory.
abstract: Working memory (WM) has been described as short-term retention of information that is no longer accessible in the environment, and the manipulation of this information for subsequent use in guiding behavior. WM is viewed as a cognitive process underlying higher-order cognitive functions. Evidence supports a critical role for PFC in mediating WM performance. Studies show psychomotor processing speed and accuracy account for considerable variance in neural efficiency (Ne). This study compared the relative effects of active and sham 10 Hz rTMS applied to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on indices of Ne in healthy participants performing a WM paradigm that models the association between WM load and task behavior [Sternberg, S. High-speed scanning in human memory. Science, 153, 652-654, 1966]. Previous studies identified a relationship between diminished Ne and impaired WM across a broad array of clinical disorders. In the present study, the authors predicted there would be a main effect of stimulation group (STM) on accuracy (SCR) and processing speed (RT), hence, Ne. We observed a main effect of STM for RT without an effect on SCR; even so, there was a robust effect of STM on Ne.
authors.affiliation: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132-2502, USA. gilbert.preston@hsc.utah.edu
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Preston
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wassermann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; D055815:Young Adult