title: CTGF enhances migration and MMP-13 up-regulation via alphavbeta3 integrin, FAK, ERK, and NF-kappaB-dependent pathway in human chondrosarcoma cells.
abstract: Tumor malignancy is associated with several features such as proliferation ability and frequency of metastasis. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a secreted protein that binds to integrins, modulates the invasive behavior of certain human cancer cells. However, the effect of CTGF on migration activity in human chondrosarcoma cells is mostly unknown. Here we found that CTGF increased the migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 in human chondrosarcoma cells (JJ012 cells). RGD peptide, alphavbeta3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitors (PD98059 and U0126) but not RAD peptide inhibited the CTGF-induced increase of the migration and MMP-13 up-regulation of chondrosarcoma cells. CTGF stimulation increased the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In addition, treatment of JJ012 cells with NF-kappaB inhibitor (PDTC) or IkappaB protease inhibitor (TPCK) inhibited CTGF-induced cell migration and MMP-13 up-regulation. Stimulation of JJ012 cells with CTGF also induced IkappaB kinase alpha/beta (IKK alpha/beta) phosphorylation, IkappaBalpha phosphorylation, p65 Ser(536) phosphorylation, and kappaB-luciferase activity. The CTGF-mediated increases in kappaB-luciferase activities were inhibited by RGD, PD98059, U0126 or FAK, and ERK2 mutant. Taken together, our results indicated that CTGF enhances the migration of chondrosarcoma cells by increasing MMP-13 expression through the alphavbeta3 integrin, FAK, ERK, and NF-kappaB signal transduction pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Wei
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Chih-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Chun-Yiu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wei-Hung
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hsien-Te
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Horng-Chaung
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Yi-Chin
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: Chih-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3; D016328:NF-kappa B; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13