Rising incidence of gastroschisis and exomphalos in New Zealand.
BACKGROUND
An apparent increase in the incidence of gastroschisis and exomphalos has been reported from several parts of the world. The exact mechanism of this trend is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the regional and national trends in the incidence of gastroschisis and exomphalos in New Zealand.


METHODS
This retrospective multicenter study involved collection of data from all 4 tertiary care pediatric surgical centers in New Zealand. The incidence was calculated per 10,000 live births. Data were analyzed to determine the regional and national trends. The statistical analysis was done using linear regression model and Poisson distribution.


RESULTS
The incidence of gastroschisis has increased from 2.96 per 10,000 live births to 5.16 per 10,000 live births between 1996 and 2004. During the same period, the incidence of exomphalos has increased from 0.69 per 10,000 live births to 3.27 per 10,000 live births. Gastroschisis was observed more in younger mothers, whereas exomphalos was associated with older mothers.


CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of gastroschisis and exomphalos is increasing in New Zealand, which is consistent with worldwide trends in showing the increasing incidence of anterior abdominal wall defects.
Srivastava
Vijay
V
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton 2240, New Zealand.
Mandhan
Parkash
P
Pringle
Kevin
K
Morreau
Philip
P
Beasley
Spencer
S
Samarakkody
Udaya
U
D017677:Age Distribution; D020139:Gastroschisis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008423:Maternal Age; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies