Risk factors for arterial ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in childhood.
This study assessed potential etiologies of arterial ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke among children of Mainland China. From January 1996-June 2006, 251 patients with consecutive childhood stroke (aged 1 month through 16 years) were admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital. Arterial ischemic stroke accounted for the majority of cases (62.5%). Idiopathic stroke (32.5%) was more common than cardiac stroke (8.9%), vascular or arteriopathic stroke (21.0%), hematologic disorder-associated stroke (10.8%), and other etiologies (26.8%). Vitamin K deficiency was a major etiology in 72 of 94 hemorrhagic strokes (76.6%), most of which occurred in breastfeeding infants (80.6%) and those who received no vitamin K after birth (73.6%). Arteriovenous malformation (6.4%) was a frequent etiology in the remaining hemorrhagic stroke cases. We found that ischemic stroke in children is more common than hemorrhagic stroke, and many cases of ischemic stroke are idiopathic. Vitamin K deficiency was a major etiology in these young infants who experienced hemorrhagic stroke.
Wang
Jian-Jun
JJ
Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Shi
Kai-Li
KL
Li
Jiu-Wei
JW
Jiang
Li-Qiong
LQ
Caspi
Opher
O
Fang
Fang
F
Xiao
Jin
J
Jing
Hong
H
Zou
Li-Ping
LP
D000293:Adolescent; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D020785:Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D014813:Vitamin K Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology