title: Antivascular endothelial growth factor for retinopathy of prematurity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review will discuss a potentially more effective treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with fewer acute and long-term complications. Avastin (bevacizumab) therapy is a promising anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) administered directly into the vitreous.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent reports detail the use of Avastin alone, and in combination with light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (LASER) therapy and vitrectomy, for ROP stages 3, 4, and 5. Currently, one clinical trial is studying Avastin alone for acute vision-threatening ROP stage 3 in zone I and posterior zone II without LASER therapy. Another clinical trial is investigating Avastin following LASER therapy for recurrent ROP stages 4 and 5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment for ROP has evolved from later, more destructive (cryotherapy) to earlier, less destructive (LASER therapy) peripheral retinal ablation. If evidence-based data supports early findings, the use of Avastin may be recommended without the need for ablative LASER therapy and before retinal detachment develops. Avastin will be especially useful for ROP stage 3 cases with hemorrhage decreasing retinal visualization, rigid pupils, intravitreal neovascularization with early or developing (minimal) fibrous membranes, or aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (AP-ROP). These cases all continue to have poor outcomes with LASER therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston University of Texas-Houston Medical School, 6410 Fannin St., Houston, TX 77030-5204, USA. Helen.A.Mintz-Hittner@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Helen A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Mintz-Hittner
authors.forename: Leah M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Best
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053685:Laser Therapy; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D000068258:Bevacizumab