title: Integration of cytokine and heterologous receptor signaling pathways.
abstract: Cytokines are soluble mediators of cell communication that are critical in immune regulation. They induce specific gene-expression programs in responsive cells. Recent findings, however, indicate that cytokine receptors can regulate immune cell functions by transcription-independent mechanisms. Here we review the current understanding of how cytokine signaling regulates the functions of other signaling pathways by first discussing the 'traditional' transcription-mediated consequences of cytokine signaling and then providing a detailed description of transcription-independent lateral communications between cytokine receptors and other cellular receptors.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. jelena.bezbradica@yale.edu
authors.forename: Jelena S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Bezbradica
authors.forename: Ruslan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Medzhitov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D053612:Janus Kinases / Q000276:immunology; D008954:Models, Biological; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk / Q000276:immunology; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000276:immunology*; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors; D053612:Janus Kinases