title: Incidence, predictors, and outcome of reinfarction and stent thrombosis within one year after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reinfarction and stent thrombosis are major complications after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate the incidence, predictors, and outcome of reinfarction and stent thrombosis in a contemporary cohort of STEMI patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reinfarction and stent thrombosis within 1 year after primary PCI for STEMI were analyzed in the Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reinfarction was observed in 3.4% (34/995) of patients within 1 year after primary PCI. Angiographic evidence of stent thrombosis was observed in 15/34 (44.1%). During the index primary PCI, intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation was used in 10/32 (31.3%) patients with and 47/900 (5.2%) without reinfarction (P < 0.001). After the index primary PCI, thrombus was visible in 6/34 (17.7%) with reinfarction when compared with that in 25/952 (2.6%) without reinfarction (P < 0.001), and complete ST-segment resolution in 8/33 (24.2%) compared with that in 462/892 (51.8%, P = 0.002). Mortality at 1 year after the index PCI was higher after reinfarction: 6/34 (17.7%) compared with 53/961 (5.5%, P = 0.003). Patients with stent thrombosis showed myocardial blush grade 0-1 in 11/15 (73.3%) cases, distal embolization in 8/15 (53.3%), and a mortality at 1 year of 4/15 (26.7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contemporary practice with primary PCI and triple antiplatelet therapy for STEMI, the incidence of reinfarction is low. Outcome characteristics after the index PCI were important determinants of reinfarction. However, reinfarction was associated with poor prognosis, and in particular patients with stent thrombosis had poor outcome.
authors.affiliation: Thorax Center, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. m.l.fokkema@thorax.umcg.nl
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fokkema
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: van der Vleuten
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Vlaar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Svilaas
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zijlstra
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D015607:Stents; D013396:Suction; D017131:Thrombectomy; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors