Hope as experienced in women newly diagnosed with gynaecological cancer.
OBJECTIVE
This article presents findings from a hermeneutic-phenomenological study with the aim to investigate the meaning of the lived experience of hope in women newly diagnosed with gynaecological cancer.


METHODS
Fifteen women were interviewed the day they were receiving the diagnosis at a gynaecological department of a Danish university hospital. The women, aged 24-87 (median 52 yrs), were diagnosed with ovarian, endometrial, cervical and vulvar cancer.


RESULTS
Hope was found to be connected to both diagnosis, cure, family life and life itself and closely tied to hopelessness. The newly received cancer diagnosis made the women oscillate between hope and hopelessness, between positive expectations of getting cured and frightening feelings of the disease taking over. Five major interrelated themes of hope were identified: hope of being cured, cared for and getting back to normal, hope as being active and feeling well, hope as an internal power to maintain integration, hope as significant relationships and hope as fighting against hopelessness. Thus, hope was woven together with hopelessness in a mysterious way; it took command through inner strength and courage based on a trust in being cured and of being in relationship with significant others.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings of the close relationship between the shades of hope and hopelessness support the need for nurses to continue to practice hope-inspiring nursing. Nurses need to understand the complexity of hope and its close connection to hopelessness when newly diagnosed with a threatening disease as cancer; and the findings might help nurses assist patients in fighting hopelessness.
Hammer
Kristianna
K
University of Southern Denmark, Winsløvparken 19, 3, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark. kristianna@mail.dk
Mogensen
Ole
O
Hall
Elisabeth O C
EO
D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003718:Denmark; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008016:Life Change Events; D008875:Middle Aged; D009013:Morale; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D011209:Power, Psychological; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology; D012944:Social Support; D029181:Spirituality