title: Measuring trends in age at first sex and age at marriage in Manicaland, Zimbabwe.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify reporting biases and to determine the influence of inconsistent reporting on observed trends in the timing of age at first sex and age at marriage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal data from three rounds of a population-based cohort in eastern Zimbabwe were analysed. Reports of age at first sex and age at marriage from 6837 individuals attending multiple rounds were classified according to consistency. Survival analysis was used to identify trends in the timing of first sex and marriage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this population, women initiate sex and enter marriage at younger ages than men but spend much less time between first sex and marriage. Among those surveyed between 1998 and 2005, median ages at first sex and first marriage were 18.5 years and 21.4 years for men and 18.2 years and 18.5 years, respectively, for women aged 15-54 years. High levels of reports of both age at first sex and age at marriage among those attending multiple surveys were found to be unreliable. Excluding reports identified as unreliable from these analyses did not alter the observed trends in either age at first sex or age at marriage. Tracing birth cohorts as they aged revealed reporting biases, particularly among the youngest cohorts. Comparisons by birth cohorts, which span a period of >40 years, indicate that median age at first sex has remained constant over time for women but has declined gradually for men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although many reports of age at first sex and age at marriage were found to be unreliable, inclusion of such reports did not result in artificial generation or suppression of trends.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK. ide.cremin05@imperial.ac.uk
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cremin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mushati
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hallett
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mupambireyi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nyamukapa
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Garnett
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gregson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003075:Coitus / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012423:Rural Health; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult; D015030:Zimbabwe / Q000453:epidemiology