title: Simvastatin increases osteoblasts and osteogenic proteins in ovariectomized rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous reports have indicated that statins could prevent bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) rats and increase the expressions of osteogenic genes in cultured osteoblasts. In this study, we hypothesized that simvastatin might increase osteoblast number and protein expressions of osteogenic markers localized in bones in concomitance with the prevention of bone loss in OVX rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four 3-month-old OVX and sham-operated (SHAM) female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Simvastatin (10-20 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) was administrated orally for 6 weeks. Trabecular volume, osteoblast number and osteogenic proteins including BMP2, collagen type I and osteocalcin on bone sections obtained from lumbar vertebral body, distal femur and proximal tibia were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that SHAM rats had significantly less trabecular bone volume and osteoblast number than that of OVX rats 6 weeks after operation. Oral simvastatin treatment (10-20 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) increased bone volume and osteoblast number in the distal femurs, proximal tibiae and vertebrae of OVX rats. Furthermore, the osteoblastic cells with immuno-stained BMP2, collagen type I and osteocalcin in vertebral bones were significantly increased by simvastatin treatment (20 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) in OVX rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that simvastatin enhances the production of osteogenic proteins in bone and this effect may contribute to the prevention of bone loss in OVX rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: M-L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: M-J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: G-J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J-K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000187:drug effects*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D019821:Simvastatin