title: Urolithiasis with topiramate in nonambulatory children and young adults.
abstract: Urolithiasis occurs infrequently in the pediatric population, where metabolic factors play a primary role in the pathogenesis of stone formation. Topiramate, an antiepileptic drug, is associated with a kidney stone in 1.5% of patients in published clinical trials. However, this risk may be much higher in certain populations with multiple preexisting risk factors. We performed a retrospective review of all nonambulatory and neurologically impaired individuals in a long-term care facility. Three groups were involved: those with no exposure to antiepileptic drugs, those on antiepileptic drugs other than topiramate, and those who had been treated with topiramate. Thirteen of 24 (54%) individuals on topiramate monotherapy or polytherapy developed clinical evidence of urolithiasis after a mean duration of 36.4 months. Our results suggest that nonambulatory and neurologically impaired individuals in a long-term care facility appear to be at higher risk of developing kidney stones with topiramate than previously reported.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Neurology Department, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Monisha.Goyal@uhhospitals.org
authors.forename: Monisha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: Richard I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Grossberg
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: O'Riordan
authors.forename: Ira D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002951:Citrates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000077236:Topiramate; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002951:Citrates; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose