title: Influence of Trp64Arg polymorphism of beta 3-adrenoreceptor gene on insulin resistance, adipocytokines and weight loss secondary to two hypocaloric diets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of the Trp64Arg polymorphism in the beta 3-adrenoreceptor gene on adipocytokines, insulin resistance and weight loss secondary to a low fat versus a low carbohydrate diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population of 193 obese patients was analyzed. A nutritional evaluation was performed at the beginning and at the end of a 2-month period in which subjects received 1 of 2 hypocaloric diets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  172 (89.1%; 44 males, 128 females) subjects had the genotype Trp64/Trp64 (wild-type group) and 21 subjects (10.9%; 4 males, 17 females) had Trp64/Arg64 (mutant-type group). In the wild-type group BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides, insulin, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and leptin decreased significantly regardless of the diet. In the mutant-type group, this was the case for BMI, weight, waist circumference, fat mass and leptin levels. Only leptin levels have a significant decrease in the wild-type group (diet I 13.7%, diet II 26.3%, p < 0.05 for both). In the mutant group, leptin decreased as well (diet I 22.5%, diet II 30.1%, p < 0.05 for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The metabolic effect of mild weight reduction by 2 hypocaloric diets is greatest in subjects homozygous for the normal beta 3-adrenoreceptor gene. Improvement in glucose, insulin and HOMA is better than in the mutant-type group.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Medicine School and Unit of Investigation, Hospital Rio Hortega, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain. dadluis@yahoo.es
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: de Luis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González Sagrado
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aller
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Izaola
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Conde
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D000886:Anthropometry; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D050528:Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; D052243:Resistin