title: Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterases from Aphelenchus avenae by Carbofuran and Fenamiphos.
abstract: Exposure to carbofuran and fenamiphos for 72 hours reduced the numbers of active Aphelenchus avenae in aqueous suspension by > 75%. When nematicides were removed, many A. avenae exposed to carbofuran resumed normal movement but A. avenae treated with fenamiphos did not recover. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was suppressed by > 95% in nematodes treated with carbofuran or fenamiphos. However, 48 hours after treated nematodes had been placed in water, AChE activity in carbofuran treated populations was 98% of the levels in control nematodes. Nematodes that had been treated with fenamiphos showed only slight AChE recovery. The antidotes, atropine sulfate and 2-PAM, were largely ineffective in counteracting the toxic effects of the nematicides.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Pree
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Townshend
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Cole