title: [Smoking bans in public places: current epidemiological evidence of cardiovascular health impacts at the population level].
abstract: During the past years smoking bans in public places including hospitality venues have been introduced in several countries. Up to now, eight ecological studies on hospital admission rates due to acute myocardial infarction or coronary events after introduction of a smoking ban in the United States, Canada, and Italy have been published. This article reviews these studies and discusses their significance and potential sources of error from an epidemiological point of view. The chronological order of reduction in acute myocardial infarction rates following the smoking ban, the consistency of this association in several countries, and the biological plausibility because of the known acute cardiovascular effects of secondhand smoke suggest a causal association. Thus, if this turns out to be true public smoking bans will be a very effective public health measure.
authors.affiliation: Sachgebiet Umweltmedizin. gabriele.bolte@lgl.bayern.de
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bolte
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Twardella
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fromme
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D011633:Public Facilities / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention