title: The gap between practice and guidelines in the choice of first-line disease modifying antirheumatic drug in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the ESPOIR cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare rheumatologists' prescription for first disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in real-life settings with 2 clinical practice guidelines (CPG), the French Society of Rheumatology/STPR 2004 and EULAR/ESCISIT 2007, and thus assess the gap between practices and guidelines. Method. ESPOIR was a French multicenter cohort study of 813 patients with early arthritis between 2002 and 2005. "Definite" and "probable" RA were defined according to ACR criteria and the level of diagnostic certainty. The objectives were to assess conformity between the observed first-line DMARD prescribed for those patients and the DMARD recommended in the guidelines; and to conduct a mail survey of patients' usual rheumatologists to investigate the reasons for their nonconformity with guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 627 patients with definite or probable RA were identified. Conformity rates were 58% for STPR guidelines and 54% for EULAR guidelines. At 6 months, 83 (34%) patients with early RA did not receive any DMARD. Main determinants associated with conformity to guidelines were disease activity and presence of severity-predictive factors. The main reason leading to a discrepancy between guidelines and daily practice appeared to be diagnostic uncertainty, i.e., the difficulty to reliably assess RA diagnosis as early as the first visits to the rheumatologist.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a substantial gap between CPG and rheumatologists' daily practice concerning the first DMARD to prescribe in early RA. This is explained mainly by diagnostic uncertainty. More attention should be paid in future guidelines to the diagnostic difficulties of early RA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University of Paris VI, Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Mathilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benhamou
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rincheval
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Violaine
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Foltz
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rozenberg
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sibilia
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schaeverbeke
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bourgeois
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ravaud
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fautrel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012219:Rheumatology / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D013997:Time Factors; D035501:Uncertainty; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents