title: Higher milk requirements for bone mineral accrual in adolescent girls bearing specific caucasian genotypes in the VDR promoter.
abstract: Low milk intakes hamper bone mineral acquisition during adolescence, especially in European girls. We hypothesized that ethnic-specific polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene promoter (VDRp) influence this milk/bone association. We evaluated lumbar spine BMC and BMD, milk/dairy products and calcium intakes, markers of P-Ca metabolism, and VDRp polymorphisms at the Cdx-2 binding (rs11568820) and -1012 (rs4516035) loci in 117 healthy European peri- and postmenarcheal girls (14.9 +/- 1.6 yr) during a 4-yr follow-up. Calcium intakes from milk, nonmilk dairy products, and nondairy products averaged 199, 243, and 443 mg/d at the initiation of the study. Results show no association between milk intakes and bone mass accrual in girls bearing an A/A genotype at the -1012 VDRp locus (30% of the cohort). In contrast, A/G or G/G girls had lower spine BMC (-13%, p = 0.031), BMD (-10%, p = 0.004), and BMD Z-score (-0.84 SD, p = 0.0003) when their milk intakes were <260 ml/d compared with genotype-matched girls with higher milk intakes and with girls with an A/A genotype. The negative impact of low milk intake persisted up to 19.0 +/- 1.7 yr. These findings suggest that European girls bearing a -1012 A/G or G/G VDRp genotype should have higher milk/calcium intakes for optimal vertebral mass accrual during adolescence than girls bearing an A/A genotype, a genotype found in 30% of European and 98% of Asian and Sub-Saharan African populations. VDRp genotype diversity may contribute to the ethnic differences observed in milk requirements for bone health during adolescence.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U561, Hospital St. Vincent de Paul, Paris, France. laureesterle@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Laure
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Esterle
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jehan
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Sabatier
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garabedian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015519:Bone Density; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008892:Milk; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol