title: Treatment of plantar fasciitis using four different local injection modalities: a randomized prospective clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine the effectiveness of four different local injection modalities in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective randomized multicenter study of plantar fasciitis, 100 patients were divided into four equal groups and were treated using four different methods of local injection: group A was treated with 2 mL of autologous blood alone; group B, an anesthetic (2 mL of lidocaine) combined with peppering; group C, a corticosteroid (2 mL of triamcinolone) alone; and group D, a corticosteroid (2 mL of triamcinolone) combined with peppering. The outcome was defined by using a 10-cm visual analog scale and modified criteria of the Roles and Maudsley score 3 weeks and 6 months after the injection and compared with the pretreatment condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The successful results in all of the groups after injections were higher than those in the pretreatment condition (P = .000). In groups C and D, in which local corticosteroid injections were used, excellent results were obtained, with superior effect in the group in which peppering was used (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the treatment of plantar fasciitis, combined corticosteroid injections and peppering is effective and produces better clinical results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Mustafa Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey. orthopedi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Aydiner
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalaci
authors.forename: Hüsamettin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cakici
authors.forename: Onur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hapa
authors.forename: Ahmet Nedim
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Yanat
authors.forename: Yunus
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dogramaci
authors.forename: Teoman Toni
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Sevinç
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D036981:Fasciitis, Plantar / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014221:Triamcinolone / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014221:Triamcinolone; D008012:Lidocaine