Human TRIM gene expression in response to interferons.
BACKGROUND
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins constitute a family of proteins that share a conserved tripartite architecture. The recent discovery of the anti-HIV activity of TRIM5alpha in primate cells has stimulated much interest in the potential role of TRIM proteins in antiviral activities and innate immunity.


RESULTS
To test if TRIM genes are up-regulated during antiviral immune responses, we performed a systematic analysis of TRIM gene expression in human primary lymphocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages in response to interferons (IFNs, type I and II) or following FcgammaR-mediated activation of macrophages. We found that 27 of the 72 human TRIM genes are sensitive to IFN. Our analysis identifies 9 additional TRIM genes that are up-regulated by IFNs, among which only 3 have previously been found to display an antiviral activity. Also, we found 2 TRIM proteins, TRIM9 and 54, to be specifically up-regulated in FcgammaR-activated macrophages.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results present the first comprehensive TRIM gene expression analysis in primary human immune cells, and suggest the involvement of additional TRIM proteins in regulating host antiviral activities.
Carthagena
Laetitia
L
Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, UMR 8104, Paris, France.
Bergamaschi
Anna
A
Luna
Joseph M
JM
David
Annie
A
Uchil
Pradeep D
PD
Margottin-Goguet
Florence
F
Mothes
Walther
W
Hazan
Uriel
U
Transy
Catherine
C
Pancino
Gianfranco
G
Nisole
Sébastien
S
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C114030:TRAT1 protein, human; D007372:Interferons