title: Activation of ROS/NF-kappaB and Ca2+/CaM kinase II are necessary for VCAM-1 induction in IL-1beta-treated human tracheal smooth muscle cells.
abstract: Histone acetylation regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) plays a critical role in the expression of inflammatory genes, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Oxidative processes have been shown to induce VCAM-1 expression. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying IL-1beta-induced VCAM-1 expression in human tracheal smooth muscle cells (HTSMCs). Our results showed that IL-1beta enhanced HTSMCs-monocyte adhesion through up-regulation of VCAM-1, which was inhibited by pretreatment with selective inhibitors of PKCalpha (Gö6976), c-Src (PP1), NADPH oxidase [diphenylene iodonium (DPI) and apocynin (APO)], intracellular calcium chelator (BAPTA/AM), PI-PLC (U73122), CaM (calmidazolium chloride), CaM kinase II (KN62), p300 (garcinol), NF-kappaB (Bay11-7082), HDAC (trichostatin A), and ROS scavenger [N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)] or transfection with siRNAs of MyD88, PKCalpha, Src, p47(phox), p300, and HDAC4. Moreover, IL-1beta stimulated NF-kappaB and CaMKII phosphorylation through MyD88-dependent PI-PLC/PKCalpha/c-Src/ROS and PI-PLC/Ca2+/CaM pathways, respectively. Activation of NF-kappaB and CaMKII may eventually lead to the acetylation of histone residues and phosphorylation of histone deacetylases. These findings suggested that IL-1beta induced VCAM-1 expression via these multiple signaling pathways in HTSMCs. Blockade of these pathways may reduce monocyte adhesion via VCAM-1 suppression and attenuation of the inflammatory responses in airway diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shue-Fen
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Chia-Chi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: I-Ta
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chiang-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wei-Ning
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chih-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chuen-Mao
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014132:Trachea / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2