title: Amelioration of adjuvant induced arthritis by apocynin.
abstract: The premise of the study was to investigate the antiarthritic potential of apocynin (APO) in Balb/c mice (in vivo). The experiment showed a dose-dependent decrease in oedema and showed a suppression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-1beta and mediators such as prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and LTB(4). At oral doses of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg once daily during the course of the experiment, APO induced an inhibition of T cell mediated immune response causing suppression of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and of intracellular interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by flow cytometry in arthritic mice. In parallel there was a dose-dependent inhibition in vascular permeability causing an inhibition in the migration of leucocytes and exudate volume at the site of the inflammatory reaction. These observations validate the immunoregulatory potential of apocynin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu Tawi 180001, Jammu and Kashmir State, India.
authors.forename: Anjali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: Kiranjeet
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kour
authors.forename: Sarang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bani
authors.forename: Krishna Avtar
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Suri
authors.forename: Naresh Kumar
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Satti
authors.forename: Punita
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Ghulam Nabi
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Qazi
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D030010:Apocynum / Q000737:chemistry*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010936:Plant Extracts; C056165:acetovanillone