title: Cost effectiveness analysis of a hypertension management program in patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Hypertension is a costly disease; however, the investment needed for a cost-neutral hypertension management program (HMP) is unknown. A Markov decision analytic model simulated the outcomes of a hypothetical HMP. Patients were between the ages of 25 and 65 years, had existing hypertension, and were newly diagnosed with diabetes. The control group received standard care. The HMP group received standard care and were enrolled in an HMP. Data regarding rates of disease states and costs were gathered from the literature. A third-party payer can invest as much as $159, $109, and $41 per person per month in an HMP for a neutral return on investment in the 5-year, 3-year, and 1-year time horizon, respectively. The HMP group achieved greater gains in quality-adjusted life-years and lower total health-related costs. As the time horizon increases, more money can be invested. HMPs can be a cost-effective and cost-neutral proposition.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. lyd@ccf.org
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ly
authors.forename: Alex Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Fu Z
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Alex
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hebert
authors.forename: Hebert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Christopher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D005791:Patient Care / Q000191:economics; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D012016:Reference Values; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents