title: Does fixed-angle plate osteosynthesis solve the problems of a fractured proximal humerus? A prospective series of 87 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is considerable controversy about the treatment of complex, displaced proximal humeral fractures. Various types of head-preserving osteosynthesis have been suggested. This prospective case series was designed to evaluate the perioperative and early postoperative complications associated with fixed-angle implants and to record outcome after bone healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fractures of the proximal humerus were stabilized surgically in 87 patients (mean age 64 (16-93) years) by application of a fixed-angle plate (65 PHILOS, 22 T-LCP). There were 34 2-segment fractures, 42 3-segment fractures, and 11 4-segment fractures, including 7 dislocation fractures. Follow-up assessment after a minimum of 12 months was based on the Constant, UCLA, and DASH scores and on radiographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative complications included soft tissue problems (n = 9), humeral head necrosis (n = 9), screw perforation (n = 11), secondary displacements (n = 14), and delayed fracture healing (n = 4). Treatment outcomes recorded on the various scores were very good in 60-82% of the cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screw perforation of fixed-angle implants has replaced the complications of secondary displacement and implant loosening after using conventional plates. Even with the use of fixed-angle implants, fractures of the proximal humerus are associated with a high complication rate and sometimes poor outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Albert Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Helwig
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bahrs
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Epple
authors.forename: Justus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oehm
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eingartner
authors.forename: Kuno
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weise
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001860:Bone Plates / Q000009:adverse effects; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012784:Shoulder Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult