title: Binding of Neisseria meningitidis pili to berry polyphenolic fractions.
abstract: Blocking bacterial adhesion to host surfaces provides novel potential to control infections. The present study was directed to binding and inhibitory activity of different fresh berries and berry and fruit juices against Neisseria meningitidis . Berries and juices were fractionated according to their molecular size into three fractions. A microtiter well assay for binding of N. meningitidis pili to berry and juice fractions was constructed. In addition, adhesion inhibition to human epithelial cells (HEC-1B) was tested. The active fractions were then subfractionated by employing solid-phase extraction. Subfractions were characterized by RP-HPLC-DAD, and the pili binding was evaluated by using microtiter well binding assay. Binding and inhibitory activity were detected to bilberry, cranberry, lingonberry, and crowberry fractions, which contained anthocyanins or a mixture of proanthocyanidins and flavonols. Thus, the findings identify several previously unknown binding and inhibitory activities and may suggest Vaccinium berries and crowberry as promising sources against meningococcal adherence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland. marko.toivanen@uku.fi
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toivanen
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ryynänen
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huttunen
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duricová
authors.forename: Kaisu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Riihinen
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Törrönen
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lapinjoki
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tikkanen-Kaukanen
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000382:microbiology; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism*; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis; D029796:Vaccinium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins