title: Carbamoylphosphate synthetase activity is essential for the optimal growth of Streptococcus thermophilus in milk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to study the role of carbon dioxide metabolism in Streptococcus thermophilus through investigation of the phenotype of a carbamoylphosphate synthetase-negative mutant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The effect of carbon dioxide on the nutritional requirements of Strep. thermophilus DSM20617(T) and its derivative, carbamoylphosphate synthetase-negative mutant A17(DeltacarB), was investigated by cultivating the strain in a chemically defined medium under diverse gas compositions and in milk. The results obtained revealed that CO(2) depletion or carB gene inactivation determined the auxotrophy of Strep. thermophilus for l-arginine and uracil. In addition, the parent strain grew faster than the mutant, even when milk was supplemented with uracil or arginine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Milk growth experiments underlined that carbamoylphosphate synthetase activity was essential for the optimal growth of Strep. thermophilus in milk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study of the carbon dioxide metabolism in Strep. thermophilus revealed new insights with regard to the metabolism of this species, which could be useful for the optimization of dairy fermentation processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Microbiology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. stefania.arioli@unimi.it
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arioli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Monnet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guglielmetti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mora
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism; D002222:Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia) / Q000235:genetics*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D048249:Streptococcus thermophilus / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014498:Uracil / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D014498:Uracil; D001120:Arginine; D002222:Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthase (Ammonia)