title: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of elderly patients with depression - an open label trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  RTMS has been developed as a novel tool for treating depression but the clinical significance of this treatment has been variable, especially in the older depressed subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medication-resistant depressed patients 60 years or older were treated for two weeks (10 sessions) with high-frequency rTMS delivered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex at 100% of motor threshold. Each session consisted of 20 trains at 10Hz delivered in 8-second duration. The patients continued taking their psychotropic medications throughout the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen of the 20 subjects completed the trial. One subject dropped out after 8 sessions because of discomfort. The average age of our patients was 66.8 years (6 males and 14 females). Six patients responded and there was a 31.6% mean reduction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) scores from baseline at the end of the treatment. There was statistically significant decrease from baseline in both HDRS and HARS scores at the end of treatment. rTMS was generally well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary finding suggests that rTMS may be an effective treatment alternative to a subpopulation of medication resistant older depressed patients.
authors.affiliation: Mood and Anxiety Program, Centre of Addiction and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Gaby
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Abraham
authors.forename: Roumen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Milev
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lazowski
authors.forename: Ruzica
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jokic
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: du Toit
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lowe