Vascular access-related infections in HIV patients undergoing hemodialysis: case description and literature review.
Poor immune status, the use of a vascular access different from an AV fistula, and intravenous drug use (IDU) may favor increased rates of vascular access infections among HIV infected patients on hemodialysis. Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are the main cause of these infections, but Gram-negative rods and fungi have been found as well. Using an AV fistula when possible, and eliciting a history of IVDU on every visit may prevent this type of infection. When infections are present, coverage for both Gram-positive and negative organisms is recommended. Additional studies specifically addressing the issue of vascular access infection in HIV infected patients are required.
Castro
Carlos E Figueroa
CE
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68105, USA. carlos_figueroa_c@yahoo.com
Madariaga
Miguel G
MG
D000328:Adult; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*