Regulation of prostate cancer progression by galectin-3.
Galectin-3, a beta-galactoside-binding protein, has been implicated in a variety of biological functions including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, tumor progression, and metastasis. The present study was undertaken to understand the role of galectin-3 in the progression of prostate cancer. Immunohistochemical analysis of galectin-3 expression revealed that galectin-3 was cleaved during the progression of prostate cancer. Galectin-3 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) was associated with reduced cell migration, invasion, cell proliferation, anchorage-independent colony formation, and tumor growth in the prostates of nude mice. Galectin-3 knockdown in human prostate cancer PC3 cells led to cell-cycle arrest at G(1) phase, up-regulation of nuclear p21, and hypophosphorylation of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (pRb), with no effect on cyclin D1, cyclin E, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK2 and CDK4), and p27 protein expression levels. The data obtained here implicate galectin-3 in prostate cancer progression and suggest that galectin-3 may serve as both a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for future disease treatments.
Wang
Yi
Y
Tumor Progression and Metastasis, Karmanos Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 110 East Warren Ave., Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Nangia-Makker
Pratima
P
Tait
Larry
L
Balan
Vitaly
V
Hogan
Victor
V
Pienta
Kenneth J
KJ
Raz
Avraham
A
D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018450:Disease Progression; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D037502:Galectin 3