title: Globins synthesize the second messenger bis-(3'-5')-cyclic diguanosine monophosphate in bacteria.
abstract: Globin-coupled sensors are heme-binding signal transducers in Bacteria and Archaea in which an N-terminal globin controls the activity of a variable C-terminal domain. Here, we report that BpeGReg, a globin-coupled diguanylate cyclase from the whooping cough pathogen Bordetella pertussis, synthesizes the second messenger bis-(3'-5')-cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) upon oxygen binding. Expression of BpeGReg in Salmonella typhimurium enhances biofilm formation, while knockout of the BpeGReg gene of B. pertussis results in decreased biofilm formation. These results represent the first identification a signal ligand for any diguanylate cyclase and provide definitive experimental evidence that a globin-coupled sensor regulates c-di-GMP synthesis and biofilm formation. We propose that the synthesis of c-di-GMP by globin sensors is a widespread phenomenon in bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Hawaii, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Snyder Hall 207, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
authors.forename: Xuehua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Tuckerman
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Tracey Allen K
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Newhouse
authors.forename: Judith R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Denery
authors.forename: Michael Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Galperin
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Marie-Alda
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gilles-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Maqsudul
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alam
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development; D001886:Bordetella pertussis / Q000201:enzymology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005914:Globins / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D019761:Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases / Q000378:metabolism; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000201:enzymology; D015290:Second Messenger Systems; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; D005914:Globins; D019761:Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases; C060720:diguanylate cyclase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D010100:Oxygen