Determination of osthol and its metabolites in a phase I reaction system and the Caco-2 cell model by HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS.
A straightforward and sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay was developed and validated for the analysis of osthol and its phase I metabolites (internal standard: umbelliferone). The method was validated for the determination of osthol with respect to selectivity, precision, linearity, limit of detection, recovery, and stability. The linear response range was 0.47-60 microM, and the average recoveries ranged from 98 to 101%. The inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations were both less than 5%. Using this method, we showed that more than 80% of osthol was metabolized in 20 min in a phase I metabolic reaction system. Transport experiments in the Caco-2 cell culture model indicated that osthol was easily absorbed with high absorptive permeability (>10 x 10(-6)cm/s). The permeability did not display concentration-dependence or vectorial-dependence and is mildly temperature sensitive (activation energy less than 10 kcal/mol), indicating passive mechanism of transport. When analyzed by LC-MS/MS, five metabolites were detected in a phase I reaction system and in the receiver side of a modified Caco-2 cell model, which was supplemented with the phase I reaction system. The major metabolites appeared to be desmethyl-osthol and multiple isomers of dehydro-osthol. In conclusion, a likely cause of poor osthol bioavailability is rapid phase I metabolism via the cytochrome P450 pathways.
Yuan
Zhenting
Z
No. 230 Hospital in Dandong, Dandong 118000, PR China.
Xu
Haiyan
H
Wang
Ke
K
Zhao
Zhonghua
Z
Hu
Ming
M
D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003374:Coumarins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000379:methods*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*
D003374:Coumarins; C046627:osthol