title: Expansion of CD14+CD16+ peripheral monocytes among patients with aseptic loosening.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we have investigated the relevance of peripheral blood inflammatory CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes phenotype to patients with aseptic loosening (AL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunophenotypes of monocytes were examined among patients with AL (n = 43), patients with mechanical loosening (ML, n = 30), patients with stable implant (SI, n = 16), and patients with osteoarthritis (OA, n = 17) using flow cytometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunological assay was used to measure TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta levels in both sera and culture media of implant wear stimulated CD14(+)CD16(+) and CD14(++)CD16(-) monocytes. Periprosthetic tissues were collected during surgery for histological assessment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes showed significant increase in AL patients than in ML, SI, and OA patients. A positive association was found between the subpopulation of CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes and plasma TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta level in AL patients. Furthermore, a positive correlation existed between the subpopulation of CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes and the total histopathology score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes represent a sensitive marker for the disease activity of AL, and may serve as an effective prognostic index to identify total joint replacement recipients who are at increased risk for osteolysis and progression of AL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha