title: Gingival crevicular fluid levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in periodontal health and disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) stimulates the chemotaxis of monocytes and also several cellular events associated with chemotaxis thus causes recruitment of inflammatory cells. Its increased gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels in periodontal disease have been reported in previous studies. The present study has been carried out to assess the role of MCP-1 in periodontal disease progression and also to determine the effect of periodontal treatment on MCP-1 concentration in GCF.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 60 subjects were divided into three groups (n=20) based on gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL): healthy (group I), gingivitis (group II) and chronic periodontitis (group III). A fourth group (group IV) consisted of 20 subjects from group III, 6-8 weeks after treatment (i.e. scaling and root planing). GCF samples collected from each patient were quantified for MCP-1 using ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean MCP-1 concentration in GCF was found to be the highest in group III, i.e. 72.60 pg/microl. The mean MCP-1 concentration in group I was 19.70 pg/microl and in group IV was 8.50 pg/microl. The mean MCP-1 concentration (37.00 pg/microl) in group II was found to lie in between the concentrations obtained in groups I and III.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GCF MCP-1 levels increased progressively with the progression of disease and decreased after treatment. Levels of MCP-1 correlated positively with clinical parameters like GI, PPD and CAL thus it can be considered as an inflammatory biomarker in periodontal disease and also deserves further consideration as a therapeutic target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Government Dental College and Research Institute, Fort, Bangalore 560002, Karnataka, India. periodontics_gdc@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Pradeep
authors.forename: Happy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daisy
authors.forename: Parag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hadge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000032:analysis*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D012534:Dental Scaling; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D010519:Periodontium / Q000276:immunology*; D016745:Root Planing
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018932:Chemokine CCL2