title: An assessment of burnout in undergraduate athletic training education program directors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Athletic training education program directors (ATEPDs) often manage their time among students, program administration, and patient care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the level of burnout in ATEPDs and to determine the relationship between burnout and various demographics of ATEPDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Public and private colleges and universities nationwide.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred forty-nine ATEPDs of undergraduate athletic training education programs accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education.
  
  
  METHODS
  We administered the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to all participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MBI consisted of 21 items assessing 3 characteristics of burnout: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Another component of the survey requested demographic information about the ATEPDs. We used univariate, multivariate, and factorial analyses of variance with the alpha level set a priori at .05. We also calculated Pearson product moment correlation coefficients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women had greater emotional exhaustion than men (20.67 +/- 9.43 and 16.47 +/- 9.64, respectively) (P = .001). The difference between tenure-status groups for emotional exhaustion was significant (P = .014), with tenure-track ATEPDs scoring higher on emotional exhaustion than tenured ATEPDs. Pearson product moment correlation coefficients revealed a weak negative relationship among emotional exhaustion and age (r = -0.263, P < .001), years of program director experience (r = -0.157, P = .013), and years at current job (r = -0.162, P = .010), indicating that as ATEPDs aged, gained more experience, and stayed in their current jobs, their emotional exhaustion scores decreased. There was also a weak negative relationship between age and depersonalization (r = -0.171, P = .007). There was a weak positive relationship between years at current job and personal accomplishment (r = 0.197, P = .002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that ATEPDs experienced a moderate form of emotional exhaustion burnout and low depersonalization and personal accomplishment burnout, with women experiencing greater emotional exhaustion than males. Additionally, ATEPDs in tenure-track positions experienced greater emotional exhaustion than tenured ATEPDs. The ATEPDs need to obtain healthy coping strategies early within their directorships to manage components related to burnout.
authors.affiliation: Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Bonnie L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Van Lunen
authors.forename: Stacy E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Zahra C
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Ismaeli
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oñate
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011336:Probability; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013177:Sports / Q000193:education*; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014495:Universities; D016526:Workload