title: C/EBP-beta modulates transcription of tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen in obstructive uropathy.
abstract: Tubulointerstitial injury leading to fibrosis is a common pathway of many renal diseases. During this type of injury, modeled by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process that is mediated by various cytokines that modulate the biology of extracellular matrix proteins. Here, we studied the tubulointerstitial nephritis antigen (TINag), a tubular basement membrane protein, in the UUO model of tubulointerstitial injury. We observed upregulation of type IV collagen but downregulation of both laminin and TINag in obstructed kidneys. TINag downregulation was a result of oxidative stress; in the proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2, TINag expression and its promoter activity decreased after treatment with H2O2. We identified multiple CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBP-beta) motifs in the TINag promoter and observed that oxidant stress perturbed interactions between TINag DNA and C/EBP-beta protein. Oxidant stress reduced nuclear translocation of C/EBP-beta in HK-2 cells, which was restored by antioxidants. In addition, overexpression of C/EBP-beta restored the H2O2-induced reduction of TINag promoter activity and expression. Furthermore, in vivo, renal obstruction reduced nuclear expression of C/EBP-beta. Cells grown on a TINag substratum maintained their normal epithelial phenotype and cytoskeletal organization, similar to those grown on type IV collagen, and demonstrated reduced synthesis of fibronectin. Taken together, these findings suggest that altered interactions between C/EBP-beta and TINag play a critical role in the pathophysiology of renal injury after obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Baibasawata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: Yoshisuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haruna
authors.forename: Fu-you
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kashihara
authors.forename: Yashpal S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kanwar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000502:physiology*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000473:pathology; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009395:Nephritis, Interstitial / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C490058:Tinag protein, mouse