title: Employment status and depressive symptoms in Koreans: results from a baseline survey of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the association between employment status and depressive symptoms among Korean individuals according to age and gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from a subsample of 3,907 men and 4,914 women aged 45 years and older without any severe disabilities who participated in the 2006 cross-sectional baseline survey of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA). We compared depressive symptoms as determined by the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression 10-item scale, adjusting for socioeconomic status, physical and cognitive function, and chronic disease. Using multiple regression analysis, we determined both age- and gender-specific differences associated with depressive symptoms and employment status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Employment was associated with fewer depressive symptoms among middle-aged men but not among older men. Unemployment was associated with more depressive symptoms among middle-aged women but not among older women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Work role did not provide any benefit for depressive symptoms among older men and women. We discuss the increased depressive symptoms among older employed men and the differential association of employment status with age and gender in the context of Korean social structure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA. sjang@hsph.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Soong-Nang
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Sung-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jiyeun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Kachung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boo
authors.forename: Hyun-Goo
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Hyejung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Lisa F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Berkman
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data