title: [Nutritional status, body composition and bone mineral density in gastric bypass females: impact of socioeconomic level].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) has had a posilive impact on co-mobidities associated with obesity. However, in the long-term it can induce micronutrient deficiencies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To petform a complete nutritional assessment in a group of women previously operated of RYGBP from different socioeconomic levels (SEL).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirtyy three women (19 high SEL and 14 low SEL), were assessed by dietary recalls, anthropometric measurements, muscle strength, bone mineral density, routine clinical laboratory, semm leeds of vitamin B12, 25OH-vitamin D, folate, calcium, ferritine ceruloplasmin and indicators of bone tutnoter (paratbohormone, osteocalcin and urinary pyridinolines). Their values were compared to those of 30 control women (18 high SEL and 12 low SEL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low SEL operated women consumed fewer vitamin and mineral supplements compared with their high SEL pairs. No cases of vitamin B12, folic acid or copper deficiencies were detected. Frequency of iron deficiency was similar in patients and controls. Vitamin D insufficiency was higher among patients than in controls (p = 0.047), regardless SEL. Patients had also a higher frequency of high senum P771 and osteocakin and urinary pyridinoline levels. However, no differences in bone mineral density were obseived between operated women and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin and mineral deficiencies were lower than expected among operated women. However problems associated with vitamin D deficiency were highly prevalent among patients operated of RYGBP, irrespective SEL. These alterations were only detectable through specific markers at this stage, because they did not translate into lower bone mineral density (BMD) of sutgical patients, probably due to the higher pre-operative BMD of these moibid obese patients
authors.affiliation: Tecnóloga Médica, Universidad de Chile. mpmaza@inta.cl
authors.forename: María Pía
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: de la Maza
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leiva
authors.forename: Gladys
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barrera
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boggiano
authors.forename: Tomás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Herrera
authors.forename: Yanet
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Vivien
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gattás
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bunout
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirsch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015519:Bone Density; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013997:Time Factors