title: Multiple sclerosis therapeutics: unexpected outcomes clouding undisputed successes.
abstract: In this essay, we draw attention to some recent downsides and surprises of multiple sclerosis (MS) therapeutics. These include experiences with recent head-to-head trials of interferon-beta and glatiramer acetate, dose escalation trials, frustrating efforts with progressive MS trials, failures of smart concepts and designer therapies, and harsh lessons from newly observed adverse reactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Julius-Maximilians-University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. heinz.wiendl@klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wiendl
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hohlfeld
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015195:Drug Design; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010455:Peptides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012107:Research Design; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007370:Interferon Type I; D010455:Peptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate