title: Comparison between gallbladder serosal and mucosal patch in duodenal injuries repair in dogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the most challenging problems in clinical surgery is management of an extensive duodenal injury. In its management, there are limitations in using jejunal serosal patch and other conventional methods in specific conditions. This study was performed to compare treatment of large duodenal defects by a gallbladder serosal patch and the gallbladder mucosal patch in a dog as an animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  A duodenal defect (2 cm, about 50% of the total circumference) was created in the second portion of the duodenum in eight dogs. The animals were divided into two equal groups, with group 1 undergoing serosal patch repair and group 2 undergoing mucosal patch repair. The macroscopic and microscopic healing features of the gallbladder serosal and mucosal patch were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the dogs died due to surgical complications. The whole grafted area was covered by neomucosa at the end of the third week in all animals with the gallbladder serosal patch (group 1). In this group, the scar was small; no significant narrowing of lumen was noted and serosal healing was uniformly complete. In histological examination, a complete coverage of the gallbladder serosal patch by neomucosa consisting of columnar epithelium with short villous formations was observed. In mucosal patch models (group 2), complete epitheliazation, mild fibrosis, and incomplete repair were visible. In histological examination, severe inflammation was noticed too.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with multiple trauma affecting upper gastrointestinal tracts, use of the gallbladder serosal patch method is easy and reliable. So it may be considered in the surgical management of large duodenal defects, which cannot be repaired by available conventional methods.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Colorectal Surgery Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. hoseiniv@sums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Seyed Vahid
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Abbasi
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rezvani
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vasei
authors.forename: Mohammad Javad
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ashraf
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004386:Duodenum / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000601:surgery; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000637:transplantation*; D012704:Serous Membrane / Q000637:transplantation*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014945:Wound Healing