title: Neuropsychological and functional MRI studies provide converging evidence of anterior language dysfunction in BECTS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is the most common epilepsy syndrome of childhood and can be associated with language difficulties. The exact profile of these difficulties and their neurofunctional underpinnings, however, are not yet clear.
  
  
  METHODS
  To further understand the impact of the BECTS syndrome on language, we assessed language performance using standard neuropsychological measures, and patterns of language lateralization using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in children with typical BECTS (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fMRI analyses revealed that language-related activation was less lateralized to the left hemisphere in anterior brain regions in the patients relative to the control group. This finding was consistent with decreased performance in the BECTS group compared to the control group on the neuropsychological measure most dependent on the integrity of anterior aspects of the language axis, namely, sentence production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The converging lines of evidence from the neuropsychological and activation methodologies support the view that BECTS is associated with language difficulties that are regional, and anterior, in nature.
authors.affiliation: Brain Research Institute, Florey Neuroscience Institutes (Austin), Melbourne, Australia. l.lillywhite@brain.org.au
authors.forename: Leasha M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lillywhite
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Saling
authors.forename: A Simon
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: Danya F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Vears
authors.forename: Ingrid E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Scheffer
authors.forename: Graeme D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D019305:Epilepsy, Rolandic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014705:Verbal Behavior