title: Modification of the forearm tourniquet techniques of intravenous regional anaesthesia for operations on the distal forearm and hand.
abstract: Our aim was to find out if a modified intravenous regional anaesthetic block technique, used for invasive surgical procedures on the distal forearm and hand, results in a drier operative field than traditional methods. Twenty consenting adult (age > 18) patients who were to have an operation on the distal forearm or hand were randomised into two groups (n=10 in each). The first group was using a traditional bier block, with a double upper arm tourniquet. The second group was using a modified regional anaesthetic block technique, with a single upper arm tourniquet, and a single forearm tourniquet. All operative fields were recorded photographically and judged by the operating surgeon as "wet" or "dry". Analgesic requirements and subjective pain were recorded. Plasma lignocaine concentrations were measured. "Wet" operative fields were seen in 6 of the conventional and 0 of the modified group (p=0.01). Patients in the modified group were more comfortable during the procedures (p=0.004). This benefit was not sustained postoperatively (p=0.57). Plasma lignocaine concentrations were higher in the conventional group (p=0.004). The modified technique was as safe as the conventional technique but has the benefits of a drier surgical field and improved intraoperative comfort for patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. rcfrank@ucalgary.ca
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Bryce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Harrop
authors.forename: Enzio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Magi
mesh_terms: D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000379:methods*; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000601:surgery*; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D014111:Tourniquets
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine