title: Altered vascular homeostasis in type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: Type 2 diabetic nephropathy is a primary cause of ESRD worldwide. Therapeutic strategy in patients with microalbuminuric or macroalbuminuric type 2 diabetic nephropathy usually fails to restore renal function but merely slows the renal disease progression. In contrast, a recent study implies that the restoration of renal function as well as renal perfusion can be accomplished in early stage of type 2 diabetic nephropathy (normoalbuminuria) by correcting the hemodynamic maladjustment in renal microcirculation with vasodilators. Therefore, we intend to study the mechanism of vascular homeostasis to explain why treatment in the late stage of diabetic nephropathy during microalbuminuria or macroalbuminuria fails to enhance renal perfusion or restore renal function. The results indicate that such therapeutic failure in late-stage type 2 diabetic nephropathy likely relates to multiple defects in vascular repair, namely deficiencies in angiogenic factors such as endothelial progenitor cell, angiopoietin-1, flt-1 receptor, as well as elevated levels of antiangiogenic factors such as angiopoietin-2 and KDR.
authors.affiliation: King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. fmednft@md.chula.ac.th
authors.forename: Narisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Futrakul
authors.forename: Punnee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Butthep
authors.forename: Prasit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Futrakul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000097:blood; D042702:Angiopoietin-2 / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2 / Q000097:blood; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042702:Angiopoietin-2; D015415:Biomarkers; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2