title: Endometrium as an early sensor of in vitro embryo manipulation technologies.
abstract: Implantation is crucial for placental development that will subsequently impact fetal growth and pregnancy success with consequences on postnatal health. We postulated that the pattern of genes expressed by the endometrium when the embryo becomes attached to the mother uterus could account for the final outcome of a pregnancy. As a model, we used the bovine species where the embryo becomes progressively and permanently attached to the endometrium from day 20 of gestation onwards. At that stage, we compared the endometrial genes profiles in the presence of an in vivo fertilized embryo (AI) with the endometrial patterns obtained in the presence of nuclear transfer (SCNT) or in vitro fertilized embryos (IVF), both displaying lower and different potentials for term development. Our data provide evidence that the endometrium can be considered as a biological sensor able to fine-tune its physiology in response to the presence of embryos whose development will become altered much later after the implantation process. Compared with AI, numerous biological functions and several canonical pathways with a major impact on metabolism and immune function were found to be significantly altered in the endometrium of SCNT pregnancies at implantation, whereas the differences were less pronounced with IVF embryos. Determining the limits of the endometrial plasticity at the onset of implantation should bring new insights on the contribution of the maternal environment to the development of an embryo and the success of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
authors.forename: Nadéra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mansouri-Attia
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sandra
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aubert
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Degrelle
authors.forename: Robin E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Everts
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giraud-Delville
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Heyman
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Galio
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hue
authors.forename: Xiangzhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: X Cindy
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Harris A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Lewin
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Renard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000235:genetics; D004717:Endometrium / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000235:genetics*