title: A simple and reliable method to blood type monkeys using serum samples.
abstract: Monkeys are frequently used in experimental transplantation research because of their physical traits and availability. As ABO incompatibility may result in humoral injury, it is important to identify the ABO blood typing of monkeys before transplantation. However, monkeys lack expression of ABH antigens on red blood cells, which makes accurate determination of the blood type difficult. The gel agglutination assay has been widely used as a routine blood grouping test clinically for more than 10 years. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy and the interference factors of using the gel system (including the direct gel system and the reverse gel system) for ABO typing in rhesus monkeys (n = 38) and cynomolgus monkeys (n = 26). Immunohistochemistry assay was used to obtain the accurate blood type data of monkeys. The results revealed that the direct gel system was ineffective in blood typing of monkeys, whereas the reverse gel system assay, which is based on preabsorbed serum, provided reproducible results that were confirmed by histologic analysis. We conclude that the reverse gel system assay with use of preabsorbed serum is a simple and reliable method for ABO typing of monkeys.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Junhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Ichim
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology; D000372:Agglutination Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001788:Blood Grouping and Crossmatching / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology; D000882:Haplorhini / Q000097:blood*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000097:blood; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System