title: Augmented blood pressure response to exercise is associated with improved long-term survival in older people.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies on the prognostic importance of the systolic blood pressure (SBP) response during exercise report ambiguous results. Most research focuses on younger and middle-aged selected patient groups and rarely includes women. We investigated the prognostic value of SBP response during exercise testing in 75-year-olds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A community-based random sample of 75-year-old men and women (n = 382).
  
  
  METHODS
  The prognostic value of SBP change from rest to peak exercise during a symptom-limited cycle test was evaluated for the endpoints all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality during long-term follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 10.6 years, 140 (37%) of the participants had died, 64 (17%) from cardiovascular causes. The all-cause mortalities for exercise SBP changes of < or =30 mm Hg, 31-55 mm Hg and >55 mm Hg were 5.1, 4.2 and 2.6 per 100 person-years, respectively (logrank 9.6; p = 0.008). For every 10 mm Hg increase in SBP during exercise the relative hazard for all-cause mortality was reduced by 13% (p = 0.030) and for cardiovascular mortality by 26% (p = 0.004) after adjustment for sex, smoking, waist circumference, total/HDL cholesterol ratio, prevalent ischaemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular medication, pre-exercise SBP, exercise capacity, resting left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that an augmented SBP response during exercise is associated with an improved long-term survival among community-living 75-year-old individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiology, Central Hospital, Västerås SE-721 89, Sweden. par.o.hedberg@ltv.se
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hedberg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ohrvik
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lönnberg
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology