title: Early Helicobacter pylori eradication restores sonic hedgehog expression in the gastric mucosa of Mongolian gerbils.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a morphogen involved in the homeostasis of the gastric fundic glands. Alterations of gastric mucosal Shh expression after eradication of Helicobacter pylori were examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mongolian gerbils were inoculated with H. pylori at the age of 5 weeks. H. pylori eradication was then carried out at 12, 24 or 48 weeks after the inoculation, and the gerbils were examined at 10 weeks after the eradication. Gastric inflammation was evaluated by the tissue myeloperoxidase activity and the histological scoring. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were performed for determining the Shh expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant decrease of the myeloperoxidase activity and scores for acute and chronic inflammation as well as atrophy were observed in the H. pylori-eradicated gerbils as compared with the findings in the non-H. pylori-eradicated gerbils. Significant increase of the horizontal length of the area positive for Shh expression was noted in the H. pylori-eradicated gerbils as compared with that in the non-H. pylori-eradicated gerbils. Earlier eradication promoted better restoration of Shh expression. 50% of the animals of the 24-week eradication group and all animals in the 48-week eradication group exhibited heterotopic proliferative glands. In the animals showing heterotopic proliferative glands, the front line of Shh regeneration was cut off at the point of development of heterotopic proliferative glands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H. pylori-associated deregulation of Shh expression that could be linked to gastric atrophy and the associated preneoplastic transformation appears to be reversible with early H. pylori eradication.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Yuriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minegishi
authors.forename: Tatsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaoka
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hibi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D005849:Gerbillinae; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000502:physiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger