title: Evaluation of hydrogen peroxide-based disinfectants in a new resazurin microplate method for rapid efficacy testing of biocides.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Development of the resazurin microplate method (RMM) as a novel test system for the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of antiseptics and disinfectants. The validated RMM was subsequently applied for the evaluation of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and stabilized H(2)O(2) combination products.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The European Committee for Standardization prescribes the plate count challenge test (PCCT) for antiseptic and disinfectant efficacy testing. This protocol was adapted to a microplate-based assay, using resazurin as viability indicator. The RMM was as accurate as the PCCT, had an identical detection limit and showed high intermediate precision. Using the validated RMM, it was shown that H(2)O(2) combined with silver possessed a higher bactericidal and fungicidal activity compared to native H(2)O(2) with and without glycerol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Validation showed that the RMM may replace the PCCT. When applying the RMM, H(2)O(2) combined with silver was clearly a more potent disinfectant compared to H(2)O(2) in killing bacteria and fungi.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The RMM is easier to use for antimicrobial efficacy testing of antiseptics and disinfectants. As the RMM is in accordance with the norms of the European Committee for Standardization, it may become a more cost-effective alternative to the more laborious PCCT reference method. H(2)O(2) with silver may replace native H(2)O(2) to increase overall disinfection efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium. kim.tote@ua.ac.be
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toté
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vanden Berghe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Levecque
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bénéré
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cos
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D010078:Oxazines; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014966:Xanthenes
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010078:Oxazines; D014966:Xanthenes; C005843:resazurin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide