title: Impact of anti-inflammatory agents on the gene expression profile of stimulated human neutrophils: unraveling endogenous resolution pathways.
abstract: Adenosine, prostaglandin E(2), or increased intracellular cyclic AMP concentration each elicit potent anti-inflammatory events in human neutrophils by inhibiting functions such as phagocytosis, superoxide production, adhesion and cytokine release. However, the endogenous molecular pathways mediating these actions are poorly understood. In the present study, we examined their impact on the gene expression profile of stimulated neutrophils. Purified blood neutrophils from healthy donors were stimulated with a cocktail of inflammatory agonists in the presence of at least one of the following anti-inflammatory agents: adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist CGS 21680, prostaglandin E(2), cyclic-AMP-elevating compounds forskolin and RO 20-1724. Total RNA was analyzed using gene chips and real-time PCR. Genes encoding transcription factors, enzymes and regulatory proteins, as well as secreted cytokines/chemokines showed differential expression. We identified 15 genes for which the anti-inflammatory agents altered mRNA levels. The agents affected the expression profile in remarkably similar fashion, suggesting a central mechanism limiting cell activation. We have identified a set of genes that may be part of important resolution pathways that interfere with cell activation. Identification of these pathways will improve understanding of the capacity of tissues to terminate inflammatory responses and contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies based on endogenous resolution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche en Rhumatologie et Immunologie du CHUQ, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: St-Onge
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dumas
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laflamme
authors.forename: Andrée-Anne
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Dussault
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pouliot
mesh_terms: D012368:4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000494:pharmacology; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010120:Oxytocics; D010627:Phenethylamines; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; C061282:2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine; D005576:Colforsin; D012368:4-(3-Butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D000241:Adenosine; D015232:Dinoprostone