title: Effect of IIb-IIIa glycoprotein inhibitors in a partial limb amputation model submitted to warm ischemia in rats.
abstract: Viability and functional results of a segment replantation depend on the prevention of deleterious effects of ischemia. Prolonged ischemia leads to alterations in the microcirculation: thrombosis, edema, production of oxygen free radicals, and platelet aggregation. The effect of IIb-IIIa glycoprotein inhibitors was tested in a partial limb amputation model submitted to warm ischemia. The male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: G1 with 0 hours of ischemia and saline ( N = 20), G2 with 6 hours of ischemia and saline ( N = 24), G3 with 6 hours of ischemia and abciximab ( N = 23), and G4 with 6 hours of ischemia and tirofiban ( N = 29). The limbs were observed for 7 days and classified as viable or nonviable. Viability and mortality rates were obtained and analyzed by Q-square and Fisher exact tests ( P < 0.05). The viability rates were 100% (G1), 30% (G2), 77.78% (G3), and 80.95% (G4). G2 was statistically different from G1, G3, and G4. G1, G3, and G4 were not statistically different. Transoperative and postoperative mortalities were not statistically different. The administration of abciximab and tirofiban improved limb salvage after ischemia and reperfusion and did not modify mortality rates significantly.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital of Clinics, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia-UFBA, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. cunha.ms@pop.com.br
authors.forename: Marcelo Sacramento
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: José Carlos Faes
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Hugo Alberto
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Fillipe Almeida
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Marcus Castro
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000077284:Abciximab; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000601:surgery; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023821:Limb Salvage; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D023421:Models, Animal; D054318:No-Reflow Phenomenon / Q000503:physiopathology; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077466:Tirofiban; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D052096:Warm Ischemia
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D014443:Tyrosine; D000077466:Tirofiban; D000077284:Abciximab