Colony stimulating factor-1 dependence of paneth cell development in the mouse small intestine.
OBJECTIVE
Paneth cells (PCs) secrete defensins and antimicrobial enzymes that contribute to innate immunity against pathogen infections within the mucosa of the small intestine. We examined the role of colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) in PC development.


METHODS
CSF-1-deficient and CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R)-deficient mice and administration of neutralizing anti-CSF-1R antibody were used to study the requirement of CSF-1 for the development of epithelial cells of the small intestine. CSF-1 transgenic reporter mice and mice that express only the membrane-spanning, cell-surface CSF-1 isoform were used to investigate regulation by systemic versus local CSF-1.


RESULTS
Mice deficient in CSF-1 or CSF-1R had greatly reduced numbers of mature PCs. PCs express the CSF-1R, and administration of anti-CSF-1R antibody to neonatal mice significantly reduced the number of PCs. Analysis of transgenic CSF-1 reporter mice showed that CSF-1-expressing cells are in close proximity to PCs. CSF-1/CSF-1R-deficient mice also had reduced numbers of the proliferating epithelial cell progenitors and lamina propria macrophages. Expression of the membrane-spanning, cell-surface CSF-1 isoform in CSF-1-deficient mice completely rescued the deficiencies of PCs, proliferating progenitors, and lamina propria macrophages.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate local regulation by CSF-1 of PC development, either directly, in a juxtacrine/paracrine manner, or indirectly, by lamina propria macrophages. Therefore, CSF-1R hyperstimulation could be involved in hyperproliferative disorders of the small intestine, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Huynh
Duy
D
Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Australia.
Dai
Xu-Ming
XM
Nandi
Sayan
S
Lightowler
Sally
S
Trivett
Melanie
M
Chan
Chee-Kai
CK
Bertoncello
Ivan
I
Ramsay
Robert G
RG
Stanley
E Richard
ER
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D019879:Paneth Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism
C530105:Ccnd1 protein, mouse; C493597:Lgr5 protein, mouse; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D019938:Cyclin D1; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor