title: Quantitative RT-PCR detection of tumor cells in sentinel lymph nodes isolated from colon cancer patients with an ex vivo approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate quantitative RT-PCR-based detection of tumor cells in lymph nodes (LNs) isolated from colon cancer patients by ex vivo sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although lymph node status is among the strongest prognostic factors in colon cancer patients, 20% to 30% of node negative patients experience disease recurrence. These patients may have LN metastases that are not detected by routine examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ex vivo SLN mapping was applied to 131 prospectively recruited patients undergoing curative surgery for primary colon cancer. The SLNs were analyzed for the presence of tumor cells by routine histology and real-time RT-PCR quantitation of cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and mucin 2(MUC2) mRNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SLNs were identified in 125 (95%) of the 131 patients included.Routine histologic analysis of SLNs and other regional lymph nodes revealed LN metastases in 42 patients (N+), of which 29 (69%) had metastases detected in 1 or more SLNs (sensitivity, 69%; false negative rate, 31%).When analyzing the SLNs by quantitative RT-PCR, the sensitivity, compared with routine LN examination, was 37/42 (88%) for both the CK20 and the MUC2 mRNA markers. In addition, 46% and 27% of the patients' node negative by routine LN examination (N0) were positive for the CK20 and MUC2 mRNA markers, respectively, possibly reflecting the presence of occult tumor cells in their SLNs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of SLNs identified N+ patients with high sensitivity and revealed a subgroup of N0 patients with potential occult LN disease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Stavanger University Hospital, PO Box 8100, 4068 Stavanger, Norway. nood@sus.no
authors.forename: Oddmund
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nordgård
authors.forename: Satu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oltedal
authors.forename: Hartwig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kørner
authors.forename: Ole Gunnar
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Aasprong
authors.forename: Kjersti
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tjensvoll
authors.forename: Bjørnar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gilje
authors.forename: Reino
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heikkilä
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053554:Keratin-20 / Q000378:metabolism; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D055262:Mucin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053554:Keratin-20; D055262:Mucin-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger