title: Predicting perinatal outcome through changes in umbilical artery Doppler studies after antenatal corticosteroids in the growth-restricted fetus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether persistently absent umbilical artery end-diastolic flow in the intrauterine growth-restricted fetus after betamethasone administration is associated with altered perinatal outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective cohort study of 92 pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and absent end-diastolic flow in which antenatal betamethasone was given. Predefined maternal outcomes (maternal age, gestational age at diagnosis of absent end-diastolic flow, gestational age at delivery, preexisting medical conditions) and neonatal outcomes (including birth weight; perinatal mortality; duration of neonatal intensive care unit admission; requirement for intubation, assisted ventilation, inotropic support; duration of supplemental oxygen, assisted ventilation; respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage) were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Betamethasone administration was associated with a transient return of end-diastolic umbilical artery flow in 58 pregnancies (63%) and persistent absent end-diastolic flow in 34 (37%). Persistent absent end-diastolic flow was seen more frequently in women with prepregnancy medical disorders (59% compared with 24%, P<.001). Neonates from the persistent absent end-diastolic flow subgroup were more likely to require assisted ventilation (93.1% compared with 73.5%, P=.03) and to have longer durations of assisted ventilation (median time 30 days compared with 4 days, P=.03) and supplemental oxygen (median time 45 days compared with 4 days, P=.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Betamethasone administration is associated with a transient return of end-diastolic flow in two thirds of pregnancies complicated by IUGR and umbilical artery absent end-diastolic flow. Persistent absent end-diastolic flow in the umbilical artery after betamethasone administration may identify a subgroup of fetuses with IUGR at further heightened perinatal risk that, as neonates, are more likely to require assisted ventilation and a longer duration of ventilation and supplemental oxygen.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, and Monash Newborn and Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit, Women's and Children's Program, Monash Medical Centre, Southern Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Marcus C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Murila
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Lesleigh S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Victor Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Euan M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wallace
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001623:Betamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013318:Stroke Volume; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D001623:Betamethasone