title: A pilot study of self-regulation informed goal setting in people with traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the acceptability and clinical application of two recently developed goal-setting interventions (Goal Management Training and Identity Oriented Goal Training) in people with traumatic brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three parallel group, randomized controlled pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatient and community rehabilitation facilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four people with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (Goal Management Training, n = 12; Identity Oriented Goal Training, n = 10; usual care, n = 12) and their rehabilitation clinicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  For both Goal Management Training and Identity Oriented Goal Training participants met face to face with their key worker weekly over a period of 6-8 weeks, during which time the key worker worked to engage them in goal setting and goal performance using the strategy prescribed by their group allocation. Usual care was provided to the other participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Largely qualitative using observation, individual interviews and focus groups. Participants also completed a Goal Attainment Scale at baseline, post intervention and at three months follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both approaches were acceptable to the majority of participants with many reporting improved mood and goal attainment. Clinicians found working in a different way with patients both challenging and rewarding, with both experimental approaches enhancing a focus on the person's own goals. Identity Oriented Goal Training seemed particularly helpful in engaging people in the goal-setting process while Goal Management Training appeared particularly helpful in providing a structured framework for error prevention in attempting goal performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These theoretically informed approaches to goal setting showed promise but were time intensive and at times difficult for practitioners to utilize.
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for Stroke, Applied Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation and Health and Rehabilitation Research Centre, School of Rehabilitation and Occupation Studies, Auckland, New Zealand. Kathryn.McPherson@aut.ac.nz
authors.forename: Kathryn M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: McPherson
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kayes
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weatherall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009788:Occupational Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012649:Self Concept; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D055815:Young Adult