title: In vitro evaluation of PHISIO-coated sets for pediatric cardiac surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Phosphorylcholine coated cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits for children have been available for some years, but conflicting results regarding the inflammatory response have been reported. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate the effect of phosphorylcholine coating on the inflammatory response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten coated and nine uncoated pediatric CPB sets were tested in an in vitro CPB circuit model. The inflammatory response was assessed by serial assays of hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocyte counts, platelet counts, activation of the complement system, activation of platelets measured as beta-thromboglobulin, activation of neutrophils measured as myeloperoxidase, activation of coagulation measured as prothrombin fragments 1+2, assessment of hemolysis measured as lactate dehydrogenase, and a panel of seven cytokines. Samples were obtained at baseline and after 15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the phosphorylcholine coated circuits and the uncoated circuits for any of the parameters during the observation period, although a potentially beneficial effect on platelets could not be ruled out.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phosphorylcholine coating of CPB equipment did not exert any beneficial effect on the inflammatory markers monitored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, and University of Oslo, Norway. tom.nilsen.hoel@rikshospitalet.no
authors.forename: Tom N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Hoel
authors.forename: Amrit Singh
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Thiara
authors.forename: Vibeke
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Videm
authors.forename: Arnt E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Fiane
authors.forename: Tom E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Mollnes
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castellheim
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Svennevig
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002648:Child; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015938:Complement Membrane Attack Complex / Q000032:analysis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004867:Equipment Design; D006400:Hematocrit; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008422:Materials Testing; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D010767:Phosphorylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010976:Platelet Count; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015938:Complement Membrane Attack Complex; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C045879:prothrombin fragment 1.2; D010767:Phosphorylcholine; D011516:Prothrombin; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D009195:Peroxidase