title: The Arabidopsis RING finger E3 ligase RHA2a is a novel positive regulator of abscisic acid signaling during seed germination and early seedling development.
abstract: The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is well known for its regulatory roles in integrating environmental constraints with the developmental programs of plants. Here, we characterize the biological function of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) RING-H2 protein RHA2a in ABA signaling. The rha2a mutant is less sensitive to ABA than the wild type during seed germination and early seedling development, whereas transgenic plants overexpressing RHA2a are hypersensitive, indicating that RHA2a positively regulates ABA-mediated control of seed germination and early seedling development. Double mutant analyses of rha2a with several known ABA-insensitive mutants suggest that the action of RHA2a in ABA signaling is independent of that of the transcription factors ABI3, ABI4, and ABI5. We provide evidence showing that RHA2a also positively regulates plant responses to salt and osmotic stresses during seed germination and early seedling development. RHA2a is a functional E3 ubiquitin ligase, and its conserved RING domain is likely important for the biological function of RHA2a in ABA signaling. Together, these results suggest that the E3 ligase RHA2a is an important regulator of ABA signaling during seed germination and early seedling development.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Qingyun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qingzhen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Hongling
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Qingzhe
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jiaqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Daowen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chuanyou
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D036226:Seedlings / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D000040:Abscisic Acid; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014157:Transcription Factors; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C409743:ABI5 protein, Arabidopsis; C493659:NAC019 protein, Arabidopsis; C493660:ANAC055 protein, Arabidopsis; C474016:RHA2a protein, Arabidopsis