Deep sequencing analysis of RNAs from a grapevine showing Syrah decline symptoms reveals a multiple virus infection that includes a novel virus.
In a search for viruses associated with decline symptoms of Syrah grapevines, we have undertaken an analysis of total plant RNA sequences using Life Sciences 454 high-throughput sequencing. 67.5 megabases of sequence data were derived from reverse-transcribed cDNA fragments, and screened for sequences of viral or viroid origin. The data revealed that a vine showing decline symptoms supported a mixed infection that included seven different RNA genomes. Fragments identified as derived from viruses or viroids spanned a approximately ten thousand fold range in relative prevalence, from 48,278 fragments derived from Rupestris stem pitting-associated virus to 4 fragments from Australian grapevine viroid. 1527 fragments were identified as derived from an unknown marafivirus. Its complete genome was sequenced and characterized, and an RT-PCR test was developed to analyze its field distribution and to demonstrate its presence in leafhoppers (vector for marafiviruses) collected from diseased vines. Initial surveys detected a limited presence of the virus in grape-growing regions of California.
Al Rwahnih
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M
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA. malrwahnih@ucdavis.edu
Daubert
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S
Golino
D
D
Rowhani
A
A
D016679:Genome, Viral; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D046830:Tymoviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D027843:Vitis / Q000821:virology*
D018749:RNA, Plant; D012367:RNA, Viral