title: Predicting recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage--an external validation in patients from controlled clinical trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An early and reliable prognostic indication in stroke patients is potentially useful for initiation of individual treatment and for informing patients and relatives. We recently developed a regression model as well as a simple 11-point predictive score (Essen ICH score) for functional recovery within three months after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) based on age and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIH-SS). Here, we demonstrate the applicability of our models in an independent sample of ICH patients from controlled clinical trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prognostic models were used to predict functional recovery in 564 patients from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive (VISTA). Furthermore, we tried to improve the accuracy by re-calibration and estimating new model parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The logistic regression model and the Essen ICH score were able to correctly classify 77.5 % and 76.4 % of patients, respectively. Re-calibration and novel estimation of parameters yielded only a slight improvement of overall predictive accuracy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For acute ICH patients included in controlled trials, our predictive models based on age and the NIH-SS correctly predict functional recovery after three months and could be useful for future trial design.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Neurology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany. stroke.med@uni-due.de
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weimar
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: Ralph L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: Hans C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Diener
authors.forename: Inke R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: König
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D001109:Archives; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012720:Severity of Illness Index