For whom the bell tolls? DING proteins in health and disease.
DING proteins, identified mainly by their eponymous N-terminal sequences, are ubiquitous in living organisms. Amongst bacteria, they are common in pseudomonads, and have been characterised with respect to genetics and structure. They form part of a wider family of phosphate-binding proteins, with emerging roles in phosphate acquisition and pathogenicity. Many DING proteins have been isolated in eukaryotes, in which they have been associated with very diverse biological activities, often in the context of possible signalling roles. Disease states in which DING proteins have been implicated include rheumatoid arthritis, lithiasis, atherosclerosis, some tumours and tumour-associated cachexia, and bacterial and viral adherence. Complete genetic and structural characterisation of eukaryotic DING genes and proteins is still lacking, though the phosphate-binding site seems to be conserved. Whether as bacterial proteins related to bacterial pathogenicity, or as eukaryotic components of biochemical signalling systems, DING proteins require further study.
Berna
Anne
A
Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Institut de Botanique, Université de Strasbourg, 28 rue Goethe, Strasbourg Cedex, France. anne.berna@ibmp-ulp.u-strasbg.fr
Bernier
François
F
Chabrière
Eric
E
Elias
Mikael
M
Scott
Ken
K
Suh
Andrew
A
D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004194:Disease; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005544:Forecasting; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C074432:dinG protein, E coli; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; C489841:RNF2 protein, human; C489842:Rnf2 protein, mouse; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases