title: Suppression of superoxide anion and elastase release by C18 unsaturated fatty acids in human neutrophils.
abstract: The structure-activity relationship of 18-carbon fatty acids (C(18) FAs) on human neutrophil functions and their underlying mechanism were investigated. C(18) unsaturated (U)FAs potently inhibited superoxide anion production, elastase release, and Ca(2+) mobilization at concentrations of <10 microM in formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (FMLP)-activated human neutrophils. However, neither saturated FA nor esterified UFAs inhibited these neutrophil functions. The inhibitory potencies of C(18) UFAs decreased in the following order: C(18):1 > C(18):2 > C(18):3 > C(18):4. Notably, the potency of attenuating Ca(2+) mobilization was closely correlated with decreasing cellular responses. The inhibitions of Ca(2+) mobilization by C(18) UFAs were not altered in a Ca(2+)-containing Na(+)-deprived medium. Significantly, C(18) UFAs increased the activities of plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase (PMCA) in neutrophils and isolated cell membranes. In contrast, C(18) UFAs failed to alter either the cAMP level or phosphodiesterase activity. Moreover, C(18) UFAs did not reduce extracellular Ba(2+) entry in FMLP- and thapsigargin-activated neutrophils. In summary, the inhibition of neutrophil functions by C(18) UFAs is attributed to the blockade of Ca(2+) mobilization through modulation of PMCA. We also suggest that both the free carboxy group and the number of double bonds of the C(18) UFA structure are critical to providing the potent anti-inflammatory properties in human neutrophils.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. htl@mail.cgu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Tsong-Long
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Yi-Chia
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Han-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yann-Lii
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.forename: Pei-Jen
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Liang-Mou
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Yi-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001464:Barium / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D013481:Superoxides; D001464:Barium; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D019284:Thapsigargin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium