title: Historical development of nematology in Russia.
abstract: The development of Russian hematology is considered from the late nineteenth century to 1970. The dominant influences of I. N. Filipjev and A. A. Paramonov are discussed in the context of the persons whom they influenced and their conceptual approach to the problems posed hy nematodes. The advantages and disadvantages of the framework of Russian scientific administration are compared to those in the West.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Mjuge