The changing panorama of bacterial enteric infections.
We studied the age-specific population-based incidence of bacterial enteric infections caused by Shigella, Salmonella and Campylobacter, in Jerusalem. During 1990-2008, 32,408 cases were reported (incidence rate 232.1/100,000 per annum). The patterns of Shigella (47.4% of cases), Salmonella (34.4%) and Campylobacter (18.2%) infections evolved noticeably. Campylobacter rates increased from 15.0 to 110.8/100,000 per annum. Salmonella rates increased from 74.2 to 199.6/100,000 in 1995 then decreased to 39.4/100,000. Shigella showed an endemic/epidemic pattern ranging between 19.7 and 252.8/100,000. Most patients (75%) were aged <15 years; children aged <5 years comprised 56.4% of cases, despite accounting for only 12.9% of the population. Campylobacter was the predominant organism in infants aged <1 year and Shigella in the 1-4 years group. The hospitalization rates were: Shigella, 1.8%; Campylobacter, 2.3%; Salmonella, 6.9%. Infants were 2.2 times more likely to be hospitalized than children aged 1-14 years (P=0.001). Household transmission occurred in 21.2% of Shigella cases compared with 5% in the other bacteria.
Stein-Zamir
C
C
Jerusalem District Health Office, Ministry of Health, Israel. chen.zamir@lbjr.health.gov.il
Shoob
H
H
Abramson
N
N
Zentner
G
G
Agmon
V
V
D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D004405:Dysentery, Bacillary / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012306:Risk; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012621:Seasons