title: [Clinical analysis of rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma:a report of 16 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinical data and surgical treatment strategy of rectal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen cases of rectal NEC and 222 cases of rectal carcinomas receiving surgical treatment in Beijing Cancer Hospital from 2003 to 2007, were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 16 rectal NEC patients, 4(25%) received Miles surgery, 7(43.8%) Dixon surgery, 2 combined multiple organ resection and 3 local resection. Lymph note metastases occurred in 11 cases(68.8%) and distant metastases in 7 cases (43.8%). Among the 222 rectal carcinoma patients, 43(19.4%) received Miles surgery, 152(68.5%) Dixon surgery, 12 palliative operation, 6 colostomy and 9 just received laparotomy. Lymph note metastases occurred in 125 cases (56.3%). In rectal NEC group, postoperative 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 62.5%, 25.0% and 0.63% respectively, which were significantly lower than 83.1%, 61.7% and 46.1% in rectal carcinoma group(all P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rectal NEC is a rare disease. More vascular invasion, lymph node and distant organ metastases are found in rectal NEC than rectal carcinoma, and the prognosis of rectal NEC is worse than rectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100036, China.
authors.forename: Yi-fan
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Wei-cheng
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult