title: Pulmonary arterial hypertension and thyroid disease.
abstract: Recent studies have suggested an association between pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and thyroid diseases (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism). This combination has a good prognosis, because the increase in the pulmonary artery pressure is usually slight and reverses after the treatment of the thyroid disease. Although the exact mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of this combination has not yet been established, it has been hypothesized that thyroid hormones and autoimmunity have a direct influence. Due to the high prevalence of thyroid disease in patients with PAH, thyroid function tests should be considered in the investigation of every patient with PAH. In this review, we describe the prevalence of PAH in patients with thyroid diseases and the prevalence of thyroid disease in patients with PAH, as well as addressing the principal effects that thyroid diseases have on the respiratory system. In addition, we report the treatment effects in patients with these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
authors.forename: Denise Rossato
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Marcelo Basso
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Gazzana
authors.forename: Angela Beatriz
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Débora Rodrigues
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.forename: Ana Luiza Silva
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.forename: Sérgio Saldanha Menna
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Barreto
mesh_terms: D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery; D013963:Thyroid Hormones
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones