title: The neuropsychological performance of nondemented Puerto Rican nonagenarians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While the oldest old are the fastest growing segment of the US population, normative neuropsychological data for nondemented oldest old Spanish speakers are nonexistent. This study sought to evaluate the neuropsychological performance of nondemented nonagenarians residing in Puerto Rico and to compare their results with those of a similar English-speaking sample from New York.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 81 subjects who had a complete CERAD neuropsychological assessment in Spanish. We used multiple regression analysis to predict performance on the CERAD battery and ANCOVA to compare the Puerto Rico and New York samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 10 out of the 13 neuropsychological tests administered, education was a significant predictor of performance. There were significant differences between the Puerto Rico and New York groups only in the Trail Making Tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this Puerto Rican sample, education was the strongest predictor of neuropsychological performance, which is consistent with previous studies. When education level is properly accounted for, the performance of Puerto Rican nonagenarians in the CERAD battery does not differ from the performance of US English-speaking nonagenarians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, N.Y., USA. jose.carrion-baralt@mssm.edu
authors.forename: José R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Carrión-Baralt
authors.forename: Josefina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meléndez-Cabrero
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schnaider Beeri
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Jeremy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Silverman
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over / Q000523:psychology*; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D004493:Education; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D044465:White People