title: Studies on protein characteristics and toxic constituents of Simarouba glauca oilseed meal.
abstract: In order to exploit the protein rich (47.7 g/100g) simarouba meal in food/feed, studies were conducted on its chemical composition with emphasis on protein characteristics and toxic constituents. Simarouba meal contained high calcium (143 mg/100g) and sodium (79 mg/100g). Saponins with triterpenoid aglycone (3.7 g/100g), alkaloids (1.01 g/100g), phenolics (0.95 g/100g) and phytic acid (0.73 g/100g) were the major toxic constituents identified in simarouba meal. TLC and HPLC results indicated that among different fractions of simarouba saponins, one dominant fraction accounted for about 28%. Proteins of simarouba recorded high in vitro digestibility (88%). SDS-PAGE revealed four major protein bands in molecular weight ranges of 20-24, 36-45 and 55-66 kDa. Apart from, glutamic acid (23.43 g/100g protein) and arginine (10.75 g/100g protein), simarouba protein contained high essential amino acids like leucine (7.76 g/100g protein), lysine (5.62 g/100g protein) and valine (6.12 g/100g protein). Among nutritional indices, simarouba meal recorded a good EAA Index (75.02), C-PER (1.90) and PDCAAS (1.0-Adult group).
authors.affiliation: Department of Protein Chemistry and Technology, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Mysore 570 020, India.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Govindaraju
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Darukeshwara
authors.forename: Alok K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000737:chemistry; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D032272:Simarouba / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012995:Solubility; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000596:Amino Acids; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D008903:Minerals; D010636:Phenols; D010938:Plant Oils; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012503:Saponins; D014361:Trypsin Inhibitors; D010833:Phytic Acid; D009584:Nitrogen