title: Association of endogenous sex hormones with diabetes and impaired fasting glucose in men: multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess associations of sex hormones with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and type 2 diabetes in men.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3,156 African American, Non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, and Chinese-American men aged 45-84 years who participated in the baseline visit of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) were included. Odd sratios and 95% CIs for type 2 diabetes and IFG compared with normal fasting glucose for quartiles of hormones were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for age, ethnicity, BMI, and waist circumference, IFG and diabetes were associated inversely with total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and positively with estradiol (E2). Dehydroepiandrosterone was positively associated with IFG but not with diabetes. Associations did not differ across ethnic groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regardless of obesity, total testosterone and SHBG were associated inversely and E2 was associated positively with IFG and diabetes in men. Further research is warranted to better understand the underlying biological mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA. l-colangelo@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Colangelo
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Kiang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.forename: Sherita Hill
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Golden
authors.forename: Adrian S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dobs
authors.forename: Moyses
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szklo
authors.forename: Dhananjay
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vaidya
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cushman
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gapstur
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone / Q000097:blood*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005006:Ethnicity; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044469:Racial Groups; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D013739:Testosterone; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D004958:Estradiol