title: The effect of perfluorocarbon-based artificial oxygen carriers on tissue-engineered trachea.
abstract: The biological effect of the perfluorocarbon-based artificial oxygen carrier (Oxygent) was investigated in tissue-engineered trachea (TET) construction. Media supplemented with and without 10% Oxygent were compared in all assessments. Partial tissue oxygen tension (PtO(2)) was measured with polarographic microprobes; epithelial metabolism was monitored by microdialysis inside the TET epithelium perfused with the medium underneath. Chondrocyte-DegraPol constructs were cultured for 1 month with the medium before glycosaminoglycan assessment and histology. Tissue reaction of TET epithelial scaffolds immersed with the medium was evaluated on the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane. Oxygent perfusion medium increased the TET epithelial PtO(2) (51.2 +/- 0.3 mm Hg vs. 33.4 +/- 0.3 mm Hg at 200 microm thickness; 12.5 +/- 0.1 mm Hg vs. 3.1 +/- 0.1 mm Hg at 400 microm thickness, p < 0.01) and decreased the lactate concentration (0.63 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.80 +/- 0.06 mmol/L, p < 0.05), lactate/pyruvate (1.87 +/- 0.26 vs. 3.36 +/- 10.13, p < 0.05), and lactate/glucose ratios (0.10 +/- 0.00 vs. 0.29 +/- 0.14, p < 0.05). Chondrocyte-DegraPol in Oxygent group presented lower glycosaminoglycan value (0.03 +/- 0.00 vs. 0.13 +/- 0.00, p < 0.05); histology slides showed poor acid mucopolysaccharides formation. Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging showed no difference in functional capillary density between the scaffolds cultured on chorioallantoic membranes. The foreign body reaction was similar in both groups. We conclude that Oxygent increases TET epithelial PtO(2), improves epithelial metabolism, does not impair angiogenesis, and tends to slow cartilage tissue formation.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Lung Tumor Clinical Medical Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Ashraf Mohammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: El-Badry
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Contaldo
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hillinger
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Welti
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hilbe
authors.forename: Donat R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Spahn
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaussi
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Higuera
authors.forename: Clemens A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: van Blitterswijk
authors.forename: Qingquan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000637:transplantation; D020405:Dermis / Q000187:drug effects; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000473:pathology; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D017551:Microdialysis; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011091:Polyesters / Q000494:pharmacology; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D034421:Sus scrofa; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C104154:DegraPol; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D011091:Polyesters; D011140:Polyurethanes; C003072:perflubron; D010100:Oxygen