Function of sirtuins in biological tissues.
Sirtuins are protein deacetylases, which are dependent on nicotine adenine dinucleotide. They are phylogenetically conserved from bacteria to humans. Seven sirtuin proteins localized in a wide variety of subcellular locations have been identified in the human genome. The most important known function of sirtuins is their regulation of transcriptional repression, mediated through binding of a complex containing sirtuins and other proteins. Studies have shown that sirtuins have pathophysiological relevance to neurodegeneration, muscle differentiation, inflammation, obesity, and cancer. In addition, sirtuin activity extends the lifespan of several organisms. In this review, we discuss the mode(s) of action of sirtuins, and their biological role(s) in health and disease.
Shoba
Balaji
B
Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Lwin
Zin Mar
ZM
Ling
Lo Soo
LS
Bay
Boon-Huat
BH
Yip
George W
GW
Kumar
Srinivasan Dinesh
SD
D000107:Acetylation; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D007527:Isoenzymes; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009243:NAD; D037761:Sirtuins; D006655:Histone Deacetylases