[A prospective study of neurodevelopment of uninfected children born to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 positive mothers].
BACKGROUND
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has tropism for the immune and central nervous systems (CNS). Intrauterine exposure to HIV-1 induces immunological alterations, independent of infection that might affect the development of the CNS. Similarly, the intrauterine exposure to antiretrovirals might also affect the neurodevelopment.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the neurodevelopment of babies born to HIV-1 positive mothers (exposed) and compare with babies born to HIV-1 negative mothers (unexposed).


METHODS
We carried-out an observational prospective study of neurodevelopment of 23 exposed and 20 unexposed children using the infant development scale Bayley-II, and the Denver-II test, neurological examination and anthropometric measurements during the first two years of life.


RESULTS
None of the exposed babies acquired the infection. At one month of age the exposed babies exhibit normal but statistically lower values in the head circumference, compared to unexposed neonates. No differences were found in the psychomotor development index between both studied groups and exposed babies exhibited a lower mental development index but only at six months of age. The exposed babies exhibited a higher number of alterations during the neurological and Denver-II tests without reaching significant differences.


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that intrauterine exposure to HIV-1 and to antiretrovirals in uninfected children born to HIV-1 positive mothers does not induce alterations in the neurodevelopment, at least during the first two years of life.
Gómez
C
C
Grupo de Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquía, Medellín, Colombia. likegomez@gmail.com
Archila
M E
ME
Rugeles
C
C
Carrizosa
J
J
Rugeles
M T
MT
Cornejo
J W
JW
D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009035:Mothers; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011446:Prospective Studies