title: Genipin cross-linked fibrin hydrogels for in vitro human articular cartilage tissue-engineered regeneration.
abstract: Our objective was to examine the potential of a genipin cross-linked human fibrin hydrogel system as a scaffold for articular cartilage tissue engineering. Human articular chondrocytes were incorporated into modified human fibrin gels and evaluated for mechanical properties, cell viability, gene expression, extracellular matrix production and subcutaneous biodegradation. Genipin, a naturally occurring compound used in the treatment of inflammation, was used as a cross-linker. Genipin cross-linking did not significantly affect cell viability, but significantly increased the dynamic compression and shear moduli of the hydrogel. The ratio of the change in collagen II versus collagen I expression increased more than 8-fold over 5 weeks as detected with real-time RT-PCR. Accumulation of collagen II and aggrecan in hydrogel extracellular matrix was observed after 5 weeks in cell culture. Overall, our results indicate that genipin appeared to inhibit the inflammatory reaction observed 3 weeks after subcutaneous implantation of the fibrin into rats. Therefore, genipin cross-linked fibrin hydrogels can be used as cell-compatible tissue engineering scaffolds for articular cartilage regeneration, for utility in autologous treatments that eliminate the risk of tissue rejection and viral infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Emma V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Dare
authors.forename: May
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poitras
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kaupp
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Waldman
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dervin
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mayoux
authors.forename: Maxwell T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hincke
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D002470:Cell Survival; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D005337:Fibrin; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels; D057889:Iridoid Glycosides; D039823:Iridoids; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012038:Regeneration; D033081:Shear Strength; D023822:Tissue Engineering
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D020100:Hydrogels; D057889:Iridoid Glycosides; D039823:Iridoids; D005337:Fibrin; D003094:Collagen; C007834:genipin