title: Reliability and reproducibility of clinic and home blood pressure measurements in hypertensive women according to age and ethnicity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purposes of this study were to establish the reproducibility and reliability of clinic and home blood pressure readings and to determine whether correlations differed according to age and ethnicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood pressure readings taken in a clinical setting and at home from 161 hypertensive women who were either younger or older (including 91 White American and 61 African-American) were compared with 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) readings (considered the gold standard of blood pressure measurement).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bland-Altman statistical method showed good levels of agreement between clinic blood pressures measured 30 days apart, and blood pressures measured at home in the morning over a 30-day program, when compared with mean 24-h ABPM readings. On examining individual Bland-Altman plots for younger and older women, White American and African-American women's blood pressures were well correlated for home measures and 24-h ABPM readings. The correlation between daytime systolic home blood pressure readings and systolic 24-h ABPM readings was much stronger for White American women (r=0.75) than for African-American women (r=0.57). There were also correlation differences in mean systolic blood pressure between home blood pressure readings and 24-h ABPM readings according to age (r=0.66 for younger and r=0.72 for older).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support current research findings that home blood pressure measurements are reliable when compared with 24-h ABPM readings both in African-American and White women.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan School of Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0482, USA. mscisney@umich.edu
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scisney-Matlock
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grand
authors.forename: Susan P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Steigerwalt
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Normolle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D044465:White People