title: Effects of gender and age on paediatric headache.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of gender and age on headache characteristics and disability. Headache characteristics were assessed at an initial visit to a paediatric specialty care centre and five follow-up visits. A total number of 4121 patients were evaluated. Fifty-eight per cent of the sample was female. Boys were younger at their first headache and initial visit. They more frequently described headache pain as squeezing and location as top of the head. Girls reported more frequent and longer headaches. Girls more often described headache pain as sharp and location as back of the head. Age accounted for more variance than gender in headache severity, duration, frequency and disability. Gender differences exist in headache characteristics. Age is also an important factor in the variability in characteristics and disability. Longitudinal studies are needed to describe further the natural history of headaches in childhood and compare outcome between genders.
authors.affiliation: Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kabbouche
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: LeCates
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cherney
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaughan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Segers
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Burdine
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hershey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D020773:Headache Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult