Environmental monitoring of phenolic pollutants in water by cloud point extraction prior to micellar electrokinetic chromatography.
Many aromatic compounds can be found in the environment as a result of anthropogenic activities and some of them are highly toxic. The need to determine low concentrations of pollutants requires analytical methods with high sensitivity, selectivity, and resolution for application to soil, sediment, water, and other environmental samples. Complex sample preparation involving analyte isolation and enrichment is generally necessary before the final analysis. The present paper outlines a novel, simple, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method for the simultaneous determination of p-nitrophenol (PNP), p-aminophenol (PAP), and hydroquinone (HQ) by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography after preconcentration by cloud point extraction. Enrichment factors of 180 to 200 were achieved. The limits of detection of the analytes for the preconcentration of 50-ml sample volume were 0.10 microg L(-1) for PNP, 0.20 microg L(-1) for PAP, and 0.16 microg L(-1) for HQ. The optimized procedure was applied to the determination of phenolic pollutants in natural waters from San Luis, Argentina.
Stege
Patricia W
PW
INQUISAL, Department of Chemistry, National University of San Luis, CONICET, Chacabuco y Pedernera, San Luis, D5700BWS, Argentina. pwstege@unsl.edu
Sombra
Lorena L
LL
Messina
Germán A
GA
Martinez
Luis D
LD
Silva
María F
MF
D020374:Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D010636:Phenols; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water