title: Use of Lorenz titanium implants in orbital fracture repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the experience and outcomes of orbital fracture repair using Lorenz titanium orbital implants in one tertiary care center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five-year retrospective chart review of 55 patients who underwent orbital fracture repair with Lorenz titanium orbital implants since 2002. The following data were recorded: age; gender; mechanism of injury; prior fracture repair; concomitant ocular injuries; time elapsed between injury and surgery; and preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, diplopia, extraocular motility, and Hertel exophthalmometry. All patients underwent preoperative CT. Operative data included surgical approach, type of Lorenz implant used, duration of surgery, and presence of extraocular muscle entrapment. Length of follow-up and complications were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of those undergoing primary repair, diplopia in primary gaze was present in 29.3% of patients preoperatively and 0% postoperatively. Severe, moderate, and mild motility restriction in any gaze direction were 5.5%, 14.5%, and 34.5% preoperatively and decreased to 0%, 1.8%, and 7.3% postoperatively. Although only 14.3% of primary repair patients had full extraocular motility prior to surgery, this number increased to 80% after surgical repair. More than 80% of patients achieved symmetry within 1 mm by Hertel exophthalmometry. The authors did not encounter instances of implant extrusion, infection, or eyelid malposition during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orbital fracture repair using Lorenz titanium orbital implants provides reliable and reproducible stabilization of orbital wall defects, while offering outstanding functional and cosmetic results comparable with other alloplastic materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Shu-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Philip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Custer
authors.forename: Yasaman
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mohadjer
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium