title: Administration of a new diabetes-specific enteral formula results in an improved 24h glucose profile in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Study the effect of several boluses of a new diabetes-specific formula (DSF) during the day on 24h glucose profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over study 12 ambulatory type 2 diabetic patients were included. Subjects received a new DSF and an isocaloric standard fibre-containing formula (SF) while continuing their anti-diabetic medication. Subjects received 100% of their calculated daily energy requirements as bolus feeding every 3h (5 times/day, starting at 8.00 a.m.+/-1h).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Glucose profiles were significantly better after administration of DSF compared with SF determined as mean glucose concentration (+/-SEM) (8.7+/-0.5 versus 9.6+/-0.6 mmol/L, p<0.05 during 24h; 9.4+/-0.6 versus 10.7+/-0.6 mmol/L, p<0.001 during daytime) or as incremental area under the curve during daytime (-44%; p<0.05). Subjects receiving DSF experienced less hyperglycaemic time over 24h (-26%; p<0.05) and during daytime (-30%; p<0.05). Furthermore, lower individual and mean (delta) peak glucose levels were found (p<0.05). No clinically relevant differences in gastrointestinal tolerance were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using DSF resulted in significantly better 24h and postprandial glucose profiles than fibre-containing SF after bolus administration and may therefore help to improve glycaemic control in diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, UK.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ceriello
authors.forename: Mirian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lansink
authors.forename: Carlette H F C
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Rouws
authors.forename: Katrien M J
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: van Laere
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Frost
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods*; D009753:Nutritive Value; D019518:Postprandial Period; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005934:Glucagon; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin