Pulmonary arterial hypertension and thyroid disease.
Recent studies have suggested an association between pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and thyroid diseases (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism). This combination has a good prognosis, because the increase in the pulmonary artery pressure is usually slight and reverses after the treatment of the thyroid disease. Although the exact mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of this combination has not yet been established, it has been hypothesized that thyroid hormones and autoimmunity have a direct influence. Due to the high prevalence of thyroid disease in patients with PAH, thyroid function tests should be considered in the investigation of every patient with PAH. In this review, we describe the prevalence of PAH in patients with thyroid diseases and the prevalence of thyroid disease in patients with PAH, as well as addressing the principal effects that thyroid diseases have on the respiratory system. In addition, we report the treatment effects in patients with these diseases.
Silva
Denise Rossato
DR
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
Gazzana
Marcelo Basso
MB
John
Angela Beatriz
AB
Siqueira
Débora Rodrigues
DR
Maia
Ana Luiza Silva
AL
Barreto
Sérgio Saldanha Menna
SS
D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery; D013963:Thyroid Hormones
D013963:Thyroid Hormones