title: Protective effect of spleen-yin-nourishing recipe on amyloid beta-peptide-induced damage of primarily cultured rat hippocampal neurons and its mechanism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the relationship among amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta)-induced neurotoxicity, serum-inducible kinase (SNK)-spine-associated Rap guanosine triphosphatase activating protein (SPAR) pathway and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), and to explore the mechanism of the protective effect of spleen-yin nourishing recipe (Zibu Piyin Recipe, ZBPYR) in hippocampal neurons against Abeta-induced neurotoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Abeta(1-40) powder was dissolved in 1 x PBS and incubated at 37 degrees centigrade, and then aggregated fibrillar Abeta(1-40) was obtained 72 h later. We used rat primary hippocampal neurons as cell model. ZBPYR-containing serum was gained by the method of serum pharmacology. ZBPYR-containing serum was added to the culture 1 h before Abeta(1-40) (5 micromol/L) exposure. Cells were harvested 2 h after Abeta(1-40) exposure for total RNA extracting. Then the mRNA expression levels of SNK, SPAR and NMDAR subunits NR1, NR2A and NR2B were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 2-hour Abeta(1-40) exposure, we found that the expression level of SNK mRNA was up-regulated and the expression levels of SPAR, NR1, NR2A and NR2B mRNAs were down-regulated in hippocampal neurons as compared with control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). While with ZBPYR-containing serum pretreatment, the expression level of SNK mRNA was down-regulated and the levels of SPAR, NR1, NR2A and NR2B were up-regulated as compared with Abeta(1-40) exposure, and 2% ZBPYR-containing serum showed the best effect (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abeta-induced neurotoxicity was related to SNK-SPAR pathway and NMDAR; ZBPYR-containing serum can protect neurons from Abeta-induced neurotoxicity, and this protective effect may be performed by regulating the expression of NMDAR and blocking of the SNK-SPAR pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, Liaoning Province, China. libinzhan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Li-bin
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.forename: Xin-ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sui
authors.forename: Xiao-yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Gong
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; C531140:zibu piyin; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C444640:serum-inducible kinase