title: Long-term follow-up of cancer patients receiving radiotherapy for bone metastases: results from a randomised multicentre trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the need for re-irradiation, rates of pathological fractures, and spinal cord compressions in patients randomised to single-fraction radiotherapy (8 Gy x 1) or multiple-fraction therapy (3 Gy x 10) and with a long-term follow-up. The underlying hypothesis was that single-fraction and multiple-fraction regimens are equally effective.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study reports on the Norwegian sub sample of an international large prospective-randomised multicentre study. One hundred and eighty patients with painful skeletal metastases in four Norwegian hospitals were randomised to receive single-fraction (8 Gy x 1) or multiple-fraction (3 Gy x 10) radiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in the single-fraction arm received significantly more re-irradiations as compared to the multiple-fraction arm (27% versus 9%, p=0.002). There were no significant differences in the rate of pathological fractures (5% versus 5%, p=1.00) or spinal cord compressions (1% versus 4%, p=0.37) between the two treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates no difference between radiotherapy with 8 Gy x 1 and 3 Gy x 10 for the majority of patients with painful bone metastases, also in a long-term perspective. Importantly, the patients in this study were followed up until death, and the trial showed no disadvantage for 8 Gy x 1 compared to 3 Gy x 10. Despite the fact that single-fraction treatment will imply an approximately 2.5-fold greater need for re-irradiation, single-fraction treatment is considered more convenient for the patients and more cost-effective for the radiotherapy departments.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Technology and Science, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Tonje Anette
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Sande
authors.forename: Randi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruenes
authors.forename: Jo Asmund
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Oyvind S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Bruland
authors.forename: Kjersti
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hornslien
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bremnes
authors.forename: Stein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaasa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage