title: Behavioral medicine for migraine.
abstract: Behavioral medicine is based on the biopsychosocial theory that biological, psychological, and environmental factors all play significant roles in human functioning. This article reviews empirically supported and efficacious behavioral approaches to the treatment and management of migraine including cognitive behavioral therapy and biobehavioral training (ie, biofeedback, relaxation training, and stress management). These techniques have demonstrated efficacy when learned and practiced correctly and may be used individually or in conjunction with pharmacologic and other interventions. Data are also reviewed regarding patient education, support groups, psychological comorbidities, modifiable risk factors for headache progression, strategies for enhancing adherence and motivation, and strategies for effective medical communication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, NY, USA. dbuse@montefiore.org
authors.forename: Dawn C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Buse
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andrasik
mesh_terms: D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D001524:Behavioral Medicine / Q000379:methods; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000379:methods; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D012064:Relaxation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D012657:Self-Help Groups; D016896:Treatment Outcome