title: Prevalence of various radiographic manifestations of osteochondrosis and their correlations between and within joints in Dutch warmblood horses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteochondrosis (OC) is the most important orthopaedic developmental disorder in horses and may manifest in several different forms. No detailed study on the prevalence and/or interrelation of these forms is available, even though these data are a prerequisite for conclusive genetic studies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of the various manifestations of OC as detected radiographically and to evaluate possible relationships between their occurrence within the same joint and between different joints.
  
  
  METHODS
  The FP (femoropatellar), TC (tarsocrural) and MCP/MTP (metacarpophalangeal/metatarsophalangeal) joints of 811 yearlings selected randomly, descending from 32 representative stallions, were radiographed and scored for the presence and grade of osteochondrotic lesions. Results were compared at the sire, animal, joint and predilection site levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the FP joint, the percentage of animals showing normal joint contours in all sites was 60.7%. For the TC joint and the combined MCP/MTP joints, these figures were 68.6 and 64.6%, respectively. For all joints combined, the percentage dropped to 30.5%. Sedation improved detection of OC lesions in the FP joint. There was a high correlation between the right and left joints. The correlation between flattened bone contours and fragments was considerably less.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Scoring on a detailed scale is necessary to achieve good insight into the prevalence of OC. Observations on the right and left joints can be combined in further analyses, whereas flattened bone contours and fragments should be evaluated as statistically different disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides insight into the prevalences of various manifestations of OC and their relationships, within and between joints. These results form the basis for detailed quantitative and/or molecular genetic studies that should lead to the establishment of breeding indices and/or genetic marker sets for OC.
authors.affiliation: Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University, P.O. 338 Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Van Grevenhof
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ducro
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Van Weeren
authors.forename: J M F M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Van Tartwijk
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Van den Belt
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bijma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001175:Arthrography / Q000662:veterinary; D001947:Breeding; D002350:Carpus, Animal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses / Q000235:genetics; D007596:Joints / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D055034:Osteochondrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013643:Tarsus, Animal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers