title: Effect of transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on mice infected with prions.
abstract: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to migrate to brain lesions in experimental models of ischemia, tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases and to ameliorate functional deficits. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of MSCs for treating prion diseases. Immortalized human MSCs (hMSCs) that express the LacZ gene were transplanted into the unilateral hippocampi or thalami of mice, and their distributions were monitored by the expression of beta-galactosidase. In mice infected with prions, hMSCs transplanted at 120 days postinoculation (dpi) were detected on the contralateral side at 2 days after transplantation and existed there even at 3 weeks after transplantation. In contrast, few hMSCs were detected on the contralateral side for mock-infected mice. Interestingly, the migration of hMSCs appeared to correlate with the severity of neuropathological lesions, including disease-specific prion protein deposition. The hMSCs also migrated to a prion-specific lesion in the brain, even when intravenously injected. Although the effects were modest, intrahippocampal and intravenous transplantation of hMSCs prolonged the survival of mice infected with prions. A subpopulation of hMSCs in the brains of prion-infected mice produced various trophic factors and differentiated into cells of neuronal and glial lineages. These results suggest that MSCs have promise as a cellular vehicle for the delivery of therapeutic genes to brain lesions associated with prion diseases and, furthermore, that they may help to regenerate neuronal tissues damaged by prion propagation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Prion Diseases, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Chang-Hyun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Honmou
authors.forename: Natsuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohsawa
authors.forename: Kiminori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furuoka
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hasebe
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D017096:Prion Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate