title: Increased leak conductance in dentate gyrus granule cells of temporal lobe epilepsy patients with Ammon's horn sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is often associated with Ammon's horn sclerosis (AHS) characterized by hippocampal cell death and dentate gyrus granule cell dispersion (GCD). Granule cells survive AHS and have been proposed to be hyperexcitable in TLE. Here we studied whether the passive excitability of granule cells correlates with the severity of AHS.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the passive membrane properties of identified granule cells using patch-clamp recordings in acute tissue slices obtained from TLE surgery. Independent Wyler grading and GCD measurements were used to assess the severity of AHS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The input resistances and membrane time constants of granule cells were reduced in high-grade versus low-grade AHS samples and negatively correlated with the degree of GCD. Granule cells possessed large Ba(2+)-sensitive, inwardly rectifying K(+) conductances.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased leak conductance, likely mediated by K(+) channels, does not argue for an increased excitability of granule cells but rather points to a neuroprotective mechanism in the sclerotic focus in TLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stegen
authors.forename: Christina C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Carola A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zentner
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wolfart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001464:Barium / Q000494:pharmacology; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018891:Dentate Gyrus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019789:Tetraethylammonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D000098551:Prospero-Related Homeobox 1 Protein
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000098551:Prospero-Related Homeobox 1 Protein; D001464:Barium; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D011189:Potassium Chloride; C013411:biocytin; D008239:Lysine