title: Disparities in demographics among patients with pancreatitis-related mortality.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hospital admissions for pancreatitis are increasing. Factors involved in inpatient mortality have not been previously assessed on a large-scale basis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to study factors associated with pancreatitis-related death in hospitalized patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of the 2004 U.S. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) database was performed using "pancreatitis" as admitting diagnosis and "mortality" as primary endpoint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Age, race, gender, income, length of stay, number of diagnoses, and number of procedures were identified as candidate risk factors associated with death.
  
  
  METHODS
  Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2004, total of 78,864 patients were admitted with pancreatitis; 2,129 (2.7%) patients died. Complete data were available for 57,068 patients. Age greater than 65 was 3 times more often associated with mortality (OR=2.92; P<0.001), while females were 19% less likely to die (OR=0.81; P<0.001). African American patients were 18% more likely to die than whites (OR=1.18, P=0.025), and increasing length of stay was associated with increasing mortality (more than 14 days compared with less than 3 days: OR=1.24; P=0.004). Patients with more than 3 diagnoses and more than one hospital procedure were 17 times (OR=16.7; P<0.001) and 5 times (OR=5.42; P<0.001) more likely to die, respectively. Compared to the lowest income quartile, patients in the 2nd and 3rd quartiles were 19% (OR=0.81; P=0.004) and 17% (OR=0.83; P=0.016) less likely to die, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age greater than 65 years, male gender, multiple diagnoses, African American race and low income are strongly associated with inpatient mortality from pancreatitis. Increased number of procedures and longer length of stay are also highly correlative with death.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Buscaglia
authors.forename: Sumit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: Sanjay B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Jagannath
authors.forename: Devi M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Krishnamurty
authors.forename: Eun Ji
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Patrick I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Okolo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data