title: Antiviral effect of arginine against herpes simplex virus type 1.
abstract: We investigated the effects of arginine on the multiplication of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and the potential of arginine as an antiherpetic agent. Arginine suppressed the growth of HSV-1 concentration-dependently. Inhibition of HSV-1 by arginine leveled off at 50-60 mM, although the higher concentration was not suitable as an antiviral agent due to cytotoxicity. 'Time of addition' experiments revealed that arginine was particularly effective when added within 6 h post-infection (h p.i.), suggesting that the reagent sensitive step is in the early stages of the infection. A one-step growth curve of HSV-1 in the presence of 30 mM arginine revealed that: i) the latent period was significantly extended, ii) the rate of formation of progeny infectious virus decreased and iii) the final yield of progeny virus decreased to 1%. The addition of arginine at 8 h p.i., after the completion of viral DNA replication in the virus multiplication, allowed the normal formation of progeny virus in the subsequent 4 h, confirming that arginine does not directly interfere with the formation of progeny infectious virus. In addition, arginine also inhibits several RNA viruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan. naito@clin.med.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: A Hajime
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Koyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D013997:Time Factors; D014709:Vero Cells; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001120:Arginine