title: Outcomes of placing short dental implants in the posterior mandible: a retrospective study of 124 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the overall success of short dental implants (8 mm in length) placed in the partially or completely edentulous posterior mandible restored with fixed and removable prostheses.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 124 patients had 335 8-mm-long implants placed from May 2005 until June 2007. Of the 124 total patients, 35 were men and 89 were women, with a median age of 56 years and an age range of 18 to 80 years at the time of implant surgery. There were 112 patients who were partially edentulous and 12 who were completely edentulous. Of the patients, 32 had a single implant placed whereas the other 92 had multiple implants placed. One patient had the implants immediately provisionally loaded. All of the implants were restored by use of fixed prostheses. Of these fixed prostheses, 245 were splinted together whereas 75 were restored individually.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 335 short dental implants were placed in 124 patients. Of the 335 implants placed, 331 integrated successfully. In the 2 cases that failed, the sites were grafted with porous hydroxyapatite and platelet-rich plasma. The implants were replaced at 5 months after the initial failure in the first patient and at 7 months in the second patient. These replacement implants integrated and have been restored and in function for more than 16 months. There was 1 fracture of an implant with a restoration. The implant had been restored with an individually fabricated fixed restoration, with the fracture occurring at the head of the implant, requiring removal. The implant and restoration had been in function for 10 months before fracture.There were no other fractures of implants or restorative hardware noted in this study. The survival rate for 8-mm implants placed in the mandible was 99% from stage I surgery to a functional prosthesis for up to 2 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Placement of short dental implants is a predictable treatment method for patients with decreased posterior mandibular bone height.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10467-2460, USA.
authors.forename: Bao-Thy N
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Franklin X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Pancko
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kraut
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000044:Dental Abutments; D015921:Dental Implants; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D017886:Durapatite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013499:Surface Properties; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants; D017886:Durapatite