Impact of obesity on the left ventricular functions and morphology of healthy Asian Indians.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of obesity on alteration of left ventricular (LV) functions and morphology in nondiabetic, nonhypertensive, and normo-lipidemic obese Asian Indians. A total of 239 consecutive Asian Indians (175 males and 64 females, ages 17-64 years) were divided into obese and nonobese groups based on body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip circumference ratio (W-HR), and percentage of body fat (%BF).


METHODS
Anthropometry (BMI, W-HR), %BF, and two-dimensional echocardiography including tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) were performed for all the subjects. The unpaired t-test was applied after matching age and gender in all the comparison groups. Nonobese subjects acted as controls for the obese subjects (cases).


RESULTS
Obese subjects had a larger LV end-diastolic diameter (P < 0.001), LV end-systolic diameter (P < 0.001), and LV mass (P < 0.001) as compared to the nonobese subjects. Subclinical systolic dysfunction was apparent in obese subjects only on TDI in the form of reduced systolic mitral annular velocity (P = 0.009). Diastolic dysfunction, as suggested by a lower ratio of early to late transmitral ventricular filling velocity (E/A), lower early to late (Em/Am) diastolic mitral annular velocity, and a higher E/Em ratio (P < 0.001, p = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively), was noted in the obese cohort. In addition, the left atrial diameter (P < 0.001) was also increased in obese subjects. Alteration of LV morphology and function correlated with the anthropometric variables BMI, W-HR, and %BF.


CONCLUSIONS
Asian Indians with uncomplicated obesity (without associated co-morbidities) had significant morphological and functional cardiac dysfunction (systolic and diastolic), which correlated with anthropometric variables.
Chadha
Davinder S
DS
Department of Cardiology, Air Force Central Medical Establishment, New Delhi, India.
Gupta
Nidhi
N
Goel
Kashish
K
Pandey
Ravindra M
RM
Kondal
Dimple
D
Ganjoo
R K
RK
Misra
Anoop
A
D050154:Adiposity / Q000208:ethnology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009765:Obesity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013318:Stroke Volume; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio; D055815:Young Adult