title: Gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of chronic heart failure patients.
abstract: The present study was aimed at identifying chronic heart failure (CHF) biomarkers from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with ischemic (ICM) and nonischemic dilated (NIDCM) cardiomyopathy. PBMC gene expression profiling was performed by Affymetrix in two patient groups, 1) ICM (n = 12) and 2) NIDCM (n = 12) New York Heart Association (NYHA) III/IV CHF patients, vs. 3) age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 12). Extracted RNAs were then pooled and hybridized to a total of 11 microarrays. Gene ontology (GO) analysis separated gene profiling into functional classes. Prediction analysis of microarrays (PAM) and significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) were utilized in order to identify a molecular signature. Candidate markers were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We identified a gene expression profiling that distinguished between CHF patients and control subjects. Interestingly, among the set of genes constituting the signature, chemokine receptor (CCR2, CX(3)CR1) and early growth response (EGR1, 2, 3) family members were found to be upregulated in CHF patients vs. control subjects and to be part of a gene network. Such findings were strengthened by the analysis of an additional 26 CHF patients (n = 14 ICM and n = 12 NIDCM), which yielded similar results. The present study represents the first large-scale gene expression analysis of CHF patient PBMCs that identified a molecular signature of CHF and putative biomarkers of CHF, i.e., chemokine receptor and EGR family members. Furthermore, EGR1 expression levels can discriminate between ICM and NIDCM CHF patients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Patologia Vascolare, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IRCCS, Rome.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cappuzzello
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Napolitano
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arcelli
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Melillo
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Melchionna
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Vito
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carlini
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Silvestri
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brugaletta
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liuzzo
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Crea
authors.forename: Maurizio C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Capogrossi