title: Comprehensive Hand Repetitive Intensive Strengthening Training (CHRIST)-induced morphological changes in muscle size and associated motor improvement in a child with cerebral palsy: an experimenter-blind study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This case study was conducted to determine Comprehensive Hand Repetitive Intensive Strengthening Training (CHRIST)-induced morphological changes in the commonly affected extensor carpi radialis (ECR) and triceps brachii (TRI) muscle and associated muscle strength and motor performance in a child with hemiparetic cerebral palsy (CP) using standardized clinical tests and ultrasound imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single case study with pre-/post-test.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 4.9-year-old female, diagnosed with hemiparetic CP.
  
  
  METHODS
  The child received a 5-week course of CHRIST course, comprising of 60-minute periods a day, five times a week. A real-time ultrasound imaging was performed to determine the CHRIST-induced changes in cross-sectional area (CSA) of the ECR and TRI. Clinical tests including the modified Wolf Motor function test (WMFT), the modified Jebsen-taylor hand function test (Jebsen hand) and the modified Pediatric Motor Activity Log (PMAL) questionnaire were used to compare the intervention-related changes in motor performance in upper extremity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ultrasound imaging data showed that the CSAs of both ECR and TRI muscles of the affected upper limb at relaxation and contraction states were enhanced and these therapy-induced morphological changes were associated with enhanced muscle strength and gross motor performance in reaching and grasping skills.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the CHRIST is effective in treating muscle weakness and motor function in a child with hemiparetic CP. This is the first evidence in literature that might shed light on the therapeutic efficacy of our novel intervention on muscle size, associated muscle strength and motor improvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wonju City Medical Center, Wonju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Ryul
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Joshua H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Nam Gi
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: You Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Cha