title: Balloon dilation of the frontal recess in patients with chronic frontal sinusitis and advanced sinus disease: an initial report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Balloon dilation of the sinus ostia and transition spaces is a relatively new tool in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis. Although studies of its safety and application have been reported, its efficacy in specific indications has yet to be clearly defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of balloon dilation of the frontal recess for the treatment of chronic frontal sinusitis in patients with advanced sinus disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective study of 20 patients who presented with chronic frontal sinusitis that had failed medical therapy and required operative intervention. Balloon dilation of the frontal recess was performed to improve drainage and ventilation of the frontal sinus. Preoperative and postoperative computed tomography scans were compared for change in the radiologic stage of disease based both on the Lund-Mackay staging system and on the Lund grade (extent of mucosal thickening).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty patients met the inclusion criteria during the study period and were followed for several months after operation. All patients underwent a frontal sinus procedure with balloon dilation either alone or in concert with other minimally invasive techniques. A total of 29 sinuses were available for analysis. No significant complications resulted from the procedure. Pretreatment and posttreatment Lund-Mackay scores showed significant improvement in patients with certain subsets of chronic rhinosinusitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Balloon dilation of the frontal recess is a relatively safe intervention that can be used in the treatment of chronic frontal sinusitis, even in patients with advanced disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, Massachusetts 01805, USA.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: Spencer C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Payne