title: Haloperidol plus ondansetron prevents postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A combination of antiemetic drugs could be an effective method to prevent severe postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Therefore, we examined the prophylactic effect of haloperidol plus ondansetron on PONV.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 210 patients (n = 70 in each of 3 groups) undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for this randomized double-blind study. Patients were randomized to intravenous saline 2 mL and intramuscular haloperidol 2 mg (Group H), intravenous ondansetron 4 mg and intramuscular saline 2 mL (Group O), or intravenous ondansetron 4 mg and intramuscular haloperidol 2 mg (Group H+O), administered after induction of general anesthesia and 30 minutes before the conclusion of surgery. We compared the complete response rates, incidence of PONV, nausea scores, the need for rescue medication, patient satisfaction scores, and adverse events during the 24-hour study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The H+O group had the highest complete response rate to treatment (79%) compared with group H (61%) and group O (62%) (p < 0.05 for both). Patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in the H+O group (8.3 +/- 1.8) than in the H (7.0 +/- 2.4) and O (7.2 +/- 2.5) groups (p < 0.05 for both). In addition, nausea scores were significantly lower in the H+O group (1.2 +/- 2.6) than in the H (2.5 +/- 3.3) and O (2.2 +/- 3.1) groups (p < 0.05 for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the combination of prophylactic haloperidol (2 mg) plus ondansetron (4 mg) provides a higher complete response rate and greater patient satisfaction after laparoscopic cholecystectomy than either drug used alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Ping-Hsun
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Koung-Shing
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: I-Chen
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ja-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Shieh
authors.forename: Jann-Inn
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.forename: Shung-Tai
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Jhi-Joung
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chin-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chu