title: Sustained remission of SAPHO syndrome with pamidronate: a follow-up of fourteen cases and a review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of intravenous (i.v.) pamidronate in patients with SAPHO syndrome refractory to first line treatments and to review the available literature on pamidronate for this indication.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report 14 cases of SAPHO syndrome refractory to non-steroideal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) treated with i.v. pamidronate. All patients received i.v. 60 mg pamidronate/day for 3 consecutive days. The primary evaluation criterion was the disappearance of bone pain, considered as the reduction in the visual analogic scale for pain (VAS) greater than 50%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients were females and 4 were males. The mean age at onset was 40.4 years old. Ten patients presented a relapsing-remitting course, while in 4 cases the disease followed a prolonged course. In all cases anterior chest wall involvement occurred early in the disease. In 2 cases there was also a peripheral monoarthritis. Eleven patients experienced several flares of palmo-plantar pustulosis, while severe acne was present in 2. In one case there was no cutaneous involvement. Twelve of the 14 patients had a good response after 3 infusions and in 8 of these patients a sustained remission was observed. The recurrence of skin manifestations does not seem to be influenced by pamidronate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pamidronate appears to be an effective treatment in the osteo-articular manifestations of SAPHO syndrome. As far as cutaneous lesions are concerned, evidence of efficacy is not so impressive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Italy. teocolina@libero.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colina
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: La Corte
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trotta