title: SES and CHAOS as environmental mediators of cognitive ability: A longitudinal genetic analysis.
abstract: This study examined shared environmental influences on the longitudinal stability of general cognitive ability, as mediated by socioeconomic status and chaos in the home, using 287 pairs of elementary school-age twins drawn from the Western Reserve Reading Project (WRRP). General cognitive ability was evaluated at two annual assessments using the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test. SES was examined using the highest level of education achieved by the mother of the twins, and chaos by a 6-item parent-report questionnaire. Results suggest that SES and CHAOS not only account for independent sources of shared environmental influences related to general cognitive ability at a given measurement occasion, but these effects also account for a portion of the longitudinal stability of general cognitive ability in early childhood.
authors.affiliation: Center for Developmental and Health Genetics, The Pennsylvania State University, 101 Amy Gardner House, University Park, PA 16802, United States.
authors.forename: Sara A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Petrill
authors.forename: Kirby Deater
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Deckard
authors.forename: Lee A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Thompson