title: Automatic evaluation of tracheoesophageal substitute voice: sustained vowel versus standard text.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Hoarseness Diagram, a program for voice quality analysis used in German-speaking countries, was compared with an automatic speech recognition system with a module for prosodic analysis. The latter computed prosodic features on the basis of a text recording. We examined whether voice analysis of sustained vowels and text analysis correlate in tracheoesophageal speakers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Test speakers were 24 male laryngectomees with tracheoesophageal substitute speech, age 60.6 +/- 8.9 years. Each person read the German version of the text 'The North Wind and the Sun'. Additionally, five sustained vowels were recorded from each patient. The fundamental frequency (F(0)) detected by both programs was compared for all vowels. The correlation between the measures obtained by the Hoarseness Diagram and the features from the prosody module was computed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both programs have problems in determining the F(0) of highly pathologic voices. Parameters like jitter, shimmer, F(0), and irregularity as computed by the Hoarseness Diagram from vowels show correlations of about -0.8 with prosodic features obtained from the text recordings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Voice properties can reliably be evaluated both on the basis of vowel and text recordings. Text analysis, however, also offers possibilities for the automatic evaluation of running speech since it realistically represents everyday speech.
authors.affiliation: Department of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bocklet
authors.forename: Hikmet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toy
authors.forename: Elmar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nöth
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuster
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eysholdt
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rosanowski
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gottwald
authors.forename: Tino
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haderlein