title: Development of redox-labeled electrochemical immunoassay for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with controlled surface modification and catalytic voltammetric detection.
abstract: A redox-labeled direct competitive electrochemical immunoassay for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was developed. A ruthenium tris(bipyridine)-pyrenebutyric acid conjugate was synthesized as the redox-labeled tracer. Its recognition by an anti-PAH monoclonal antibody was confirmed by surface plasmon resonance. In the immunoassay, the antibody was immobilized on (3-glycidoxypropyl)-trimethoxysilane (GPTMS)-modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes. The assay was quantified by measuring the electro-catalytic current of the redox label in an oxalate-containing electrolyte which served as a sacrificial electron donor to amplify the current signal. Formation of GPTMS film on ITO and subsequent antibody immobilization were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemistry. Using a ruthenium tris(bipyridine)-conjugated IgG (IgG-Ru) as the surface-bound redox probe, the highest electrochemical signal was obtained on GPTMS electrodes with 1 h modification. Under the optimized conditions for ITO modification, antibody immobilization and tracer concentration, competition curves for benzo[a]pyrene and pyrenebutyric acid were obtained with a detection limit of 2.4 and 10 ng mL(-1), respectively. The redox-labeled electrochemical immunoassay with signal amplification mechanism offers a potential analytical method for the simultaneous detection of multiple environmental organic pollutants on antibody biochips.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, 18 Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Ming-Yuan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Shou-Dong
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Xi-Qiang
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Liang-Hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Guo