title: Serum vascular adhesion protein-1 is increased in acute and chronic hyperglycemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relationship between serum vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) and plasma glucose in normal and drug-naïve type 2 diabetes subjects is unclear. We examined if serum VAP-1 changed acutely to oral glucose loading and analyzed the relationship between serum VAP-1, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hemoglobin A1c, and type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults without history of diabetes were included. Subjects taking anti-diabetic drugs were excluded. Serum VAP-1 was analyzed by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We recruited 333 subjects (186 females and 147 males), aged 56.1 +/- 11.6 y. After glucose challenge, serum VAP-1 rose significantly at 30 min (p < 0.0001) and lasted until 2 h (p < 0.0001). The change of serum VAP-1 between fasting and 30-min postload correlated inversely to the change of plasma insulin (r = -0.21, p = 0.049). Fasting serum VAP-1 was associated with FPG in those with FPG > or = 5.55 mmol/l (p = 0.025) but not in those with FPG < 5.55 mmol/l (p = NS). Fasting serum VAP-1 were higher in diabetic subjects (p = 0.04) and correlated positively to hemoglobin A1c (r = 0.18, p = 0.002) after adjusting for age, gender, and waist circumference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum VAP-1 is increased in both acute and chronic hyperglycemia. Whether serum VAP-1 is a good biomarker for hyperglycemia-associated complications merits further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jung-Nan
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Mao-Shin
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Jani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vainio
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Fu-Tien
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Shyang-Rong
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Ching-Huei
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Mei-Yu
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yenh-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hsein
authors.forename: Lee-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chuang