title: A tale of two countries: HIV among core groups in Togo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the epidemiology of HIV among core groups in Togo.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enumerated sex workers (SWs) and conducted cross-sectional surveys of SWs and their clients in 2003 in Lomé and in 2005 in the whole country.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sex work was concentrated in Lomé, which comprised 15% of the population, but 52% of the 5397 SWs enumerated in Togo in 2005 and 68% of the estimated 101,376 men who had bought sex in the year before the 2005 survey. HIV prevalence among SWs was highest in Lomé (45.4% in 2005) and progressively decreased from south to north. A similar geographical pattern was seen for clients (8.3% were HIV infected in Lomé in 2005) and had already been reported for pregnant women. In Lomé, the population attributable fraction of prevalent cases of HIV acquired during transactional sex was estimated at 32%; in the rest of the country, this was only 2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study quantifying sex work at a national level in Africa. Variations in HIV prevalence within Togo, with a north-south gradient among SWs, their clients, and pregnant women, may to a large extent reflect the concentration of the sex trade within Lomé. Prostitution played only a modest a role in HIV dynamics outside Lomé.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Santé Internationale de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sobéla
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pépin
authors.forename: Sesso
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gbéléou
authors.forename: Abiba Kéré
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Banla
authors.forename: Vincent Palokinam
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Pitche
authors.forename: Wiyoou
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Adom
authors.forename: Dométo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sodji
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deslandes
authors.forename: Annie-Claude
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Labbé