title: The benefit of human chorionic gonadotropin supplementation throughout the secretory phase of frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether supplementation with hCG throughout the secretory phase of hormonally modulated cycles of frozen-thawed embryos might positively affect the outcome of such cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  University teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly divided into two groups by the last digit of their identification number. Group A received our standard protocol for endometrial preparation, whereas group B patients were given an additional 250 microg of recombinant hCG on day of P initiation, the day of embryo transfer, and 6 days later. Throughout the cycle, and to compare between the groups, serial ultrasound examinations and hormonal tests of E(2) and P serum levels were obtained.
  
  
  METHODS
  Implantation and clinical pregnancy rates (PR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred sixty-five patients were enrolled in this study, 78 in the control group and 87 in the hCG-treated group. Progesterone levels and endometrial thickness were similar throughout the cycle in both groups. The E(2) level was significantly higher in group B on the day of embryo transfer and 6 days later. The PRs did not differ between the two groups (28.2% and 32.2% for groups A and B, respectively). Similarly, the implantation rates were comparable between the groups (12.7% and 14.9%, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No advantage was found concerning PR and implantation rate by supplementing the secretory phase with hCG in patients undergoing transfer of frozen-thawed embryo in hormonally modulated cycles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hebrew University Medical School, Hadassah Ein-Kerem, POB 12000 Jerusalem 91120, Israel. assaf.benmeir@gmail.com
authors.forename: Assaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben-Meir
authors.forename: Mushira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aboo-Dia
authors.forename: Ariel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Revel
authors.forename: Einat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eizenman
authors.forename: Neri
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Laufer
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simon