title: The teaching of a structured tool improves the clarity and content of interprofessional clinical communication.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Suboptimal communication between health professionals has been recognised as a significant causative factor in incidents compromising patient safety. The use of a structured method of communication has been suggested to improve the quality of information exchange. The aim of this study was to determine if the teaching of a communication tool, ISBAR (Identify, Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation), a modification of SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation), improved the content and clarity of a telephone referral in an immersive simulated clinical scenario conducted in real time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen teams of final-year medical students were randomised into two groups. The intervention group participated in a 40 min education session about the ISBAR communication tool. A control group received no training. Each team of five students participated in a simulated clinical scenario using a patient simulator in a mocked-up clinical environment. During each scenario, one student made a telephone referral seeking assistance from a senior colleague. Audio data for the telephone referrals (n = 17 students) were captured during the scenario for both groups. During a blinded review of the data, communication was scored on both content and clarity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Communication content was higher from a mean score of 10.2 to 17.4 items (p<0.001) with the intervention. Clarity of the delivery of information on a 5-point scale was also higher in the intervention group (rho = 0.903, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The teaching of a structured method of communication improved the communication during telephone referral in a simulated clinical setting. This research has implications for how healthcare professionals are taught to communicate with each other.
authors.affiliation: Southern Health Simulation and Skills Centre, Melbourne, Australia. stumarshall@netspace.net.au
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Flanagan