title: Physical function improvements after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity is a risk factor for impaired physical function and disability, with the degree of impairment most compromised in extreme obesity. Mild-to-moderate weight loss has been shown to improve function in older adults. The impact of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on weight loss and physical function in morbidly obese individuals was assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  This longitudinal, observational study followed up 28 morbidly obese men and women (body mass index > or = 40.0 kg/m(2)) for 12 months after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Physical function (self-report using the Fitness Arthritis and Seniors Trial disability questionnaire; performance tasks using the Short Physical Performance Battery and a lateral mobility task); strength (maximal isometric knee torque); and body composition measured using bioelectrical impedance were determined before surgery (baseline) and at 3 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 12-month weight loss was 34.2% (excess weight loss 59.8%), with a mean fat mass loss of 46 kg and a loss of fat free mass of 6.6 kg. The performance tasks and self-reported questionnaire scores had improved by 3 months after surgery compared with baseline, with selected measures showing less impairment and disability in as few as 3 weeks after surgery. Muscle quality, as measured using the maximal torque per kilogram body weight, was greater at 6 months than at baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of our study have shown that in morbidly obese individuals with a high risk of mobility impairments, surgical procedures to reduce body weight increase mobility and improve performance of daily activities in as few as 3 weeks after gastric bypass surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Box 7868 Reynolda Station, Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7868, USA. millergd@wfu.edu
authors.forename: Gary D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Barbara J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Nicklas
authors.forename: Tongjian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Adolfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandez