Impact of risk stratification on outcome among patients with multiple myeloma receiving initial therapy with lenalidomide and dexamethasone.
The outcome of patients with multiple myeloma is dictated primarily by cytogenetic abnormalities and proliferative capacity of plasma cells. We studied the outcome after initial therapy with lenalidomide-dexamethasone among 100 newly diagnosed patients, risk-stratified by genetic abnormalities and plasma cell labeling index. A total of 16% had high-risk multiple myeloma, defined by the presence of hypodiploidy, del(13q) by metaphase cytogenetics, del(17p), IgH translocations [t(4;14), or t(14;16)] or plasma cell labeling index more than or equal to 3%. Response rates were 81% vs 89% in the high-risk and standard-risk groups, respectively. The median progression-free survival was shorter in the high-risk group (18.5 vs 36.5 months, P < .001), but overall survival was comparable. Because of unavailability of all tests for every patient, we separately analyzed 55 stringently classified patients, and the results were similar. In conclusion, high-risk patients achieve less durable responses with lenalidomide-dexamethasone compared with standard-risk patients; no significant differences in overall survival are apparent so far. These results need confirmation in larger, prospectively designed studies.
Kapoor
Prashant
P
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Kumar
Shaji
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Fonseca
Rafael
R
Lacy
Martha Q
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Witzig
Thomas E
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Hayman
Suzanne R
SR
Dispenzieri
Angela
A
Buadi
Francis
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Bergsagel
P Leif
PL
Gertz
Morie A
MA
Dalton
Robert J
RJ
Mikhael
Joseph R
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Dingli
David
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Reeder
Craig B
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Lust
John A
JA
Russell
Stephen J
SJ
Roy
Vivek
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Zeldenrust
Steven R
SR
Stewart
A Keith
AK
Kyle
Robert A
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Greipp
Philip R
PR
Rajkumar
S Vincent
SV