title: Modification of the association between alcohol drinking and non-HDL cholesterol by gender.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Serum non-HDL cholesterol is a strong predictor of cardiovascular diseases. We studied the relationship between habitual alcohol drinking and non-HDL cholesterol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy male subjects (n = 27,005) and female subjects (n = 16,805) were divided into 5 groups by average daily ethanol intake. Serum non-HDL cholesterol level and prevalence of serum high non-HDL cholesterol (> or = 170 mg/dl) were compared among the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Non-HDL cholesterol level and prevalence of high non-HDL cholesterol became lower as alcohol intake increased. The threshold alcohol intake in the drinker groups showing significantly lower non-HDL cholesterol level and significantly lower prevalence of high non-HDL cholesterol, compared with those in non-drinkers, was lower in women (<10 g/d) than in men (> or = 10 and <20 g/d). Odds ratios of each drinker group vs. the non-drinker group for high non-HDL cholesterol became lower as alcohol intake increased. The odds ratio of each drinker group vs. the non-drinker group for high non-HDL cholesterol tended to be lower in women than in men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that even light drinking is sufficient to significantly lower serum non-HDL cholesterol and that this effect of alcohol drinking on non-HDL cholesterol is more pronounced in women than in men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan. wakabaya@hyo-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Groschner