title: Analytical assessment of the osteoinductive material COLLOSSE.
abstract: In this study, the growth factors in COLLOSSE were analyzed, using ELISA tests, mass spectrometry, western blotting, and a 24-day cell culture experiment using osteoblast-like cells. The results of the ELISA testing, mass spectrometry, and western blotting all confirmed that TGF-beta1 was the main growth factor in COLLOSSE at 55 ng/mg. The results from the culture test showed that the cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and matrix calcification were all drastically changed by the addition of COLLOSSE, mirroring the effects of addition of TGF-beta1. We conclude that COLLOSSE is not only a rich source of TGFbeta-1, but also contains the growth factors TGFbeta-2, BMP-2, BMP-3, BMP-7, IGF-1, and possibly VEGF. Other growth factors might be present in COLLOSSE, but were not identified due to inherent detection limits of the used ELISA and mass spectrometry techniques. The number of osteoinductive factors in COLLOSSE causes a synergistic effect, explaining the new bone formation found in previously described in vivo studies, with much lower growth factor concentrations when compared with recombinant BMPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.|Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M E L
authors.initials: MEL
authors.lastname: Nienhuijs
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Poulsen
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Zande
authors.affiliation: OSSACUR AG, Oberstenfeld, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Briest
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M A W
authors.initials: MAW
authors.lastname: Merkx
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P J W
authors.initials: PJW
authors.lastname: Stoelinga
authors.affiliation: OSSACUR AG, Oberstenfeld, Germany.
authors.forename: O N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Biomaterials, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: X F
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Walboomers