title: Interleukin-4 induces expression of eotaxin in endometriotic stromal cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationship between eotaxin and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the pathophysiology of endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative and laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University teaching hospital reproductive endocrinology and infertility practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ectopic endometrial tissues were collected from women with endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ectopic endometrial stromal cells (ESCs) were isolated and cultured with IL-4. Ectopic endometriotic tissues were immunostained for eotaxin and IL-4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene expression of eotaxin was determined by standard and real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Secretion of eotaxin from ESC was measured using specific ELISA. The immunostained sections were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interleukin-4 (IL-4) increased mRNA expression and protein secretion of eotaxin from ESC in a dose-dependent manner. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that eotaxin-positive cells colocalized with IL-4-positive cells and accumulated around the blood vessels in the stroma of endometriotic tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-4 induces eotaxin in ESCs, which might promote angiogenesis and the subsequent development of endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osuga
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taketani