Association of LETM1 and MRPL36 contributes to the regulation of mitochondrial ATP production and necrotic cell death.
Leucine zipper/EF hand-containing transmembrane-1 (LETM1) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that was first identified in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, and was deleted in nearly all patients with the syndrome. LETM1 encodes for the human homologue of yeast Mdm38p, which is a mitochondria-shaping protein of unclear function. Here, we describe LETM1-mediated regulation of mitochondrial ATP production and biogenesis. We show that LETM1 overexpression can induce necrotic cell death in HeLa cells, in which LETM1 reduces mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP production. LETM1 acts as an anchor protein and associates with mitochondrial ribosome protein L36. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of LETM1 reduced mitochondrial mass and expression of many mitochondrial proteins. LETM1-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis enhanced glycolytic ATP supply and activated protein kinase B activity and cell survival signaling. The expression levels of LETM1 were significantly increased in multiple human cancer tissues compared with normals. These data suggest that LETM1 serves as an anchor protein for complex formation with the mitochondrial ribosome and regulates mitochondrial biogenesis. The increased expression of LETM1 in human cancer suggests that dysregulation of LETM1 is a key feature of tumorigenesis.
Piao
Longzhen
L
Department of Pharmacology, Daejeon Regional Cancer Center, Cancer Research Institute, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, South Korea.
Li
Yuwen
Y
Kim
Soung Jung
SJ
Byun
Hee Sun
HS
Huang
Song Mei
SM
Hwang
Soon-Kyung
SK
Yang
Keum-Jin
KJ
Park
Kyeong Ah
KA
Won
Minho
M
Hong
Janghee
J
Hur
Gang Min
GM
Seok
Jeong Ho
JH
Shong
Minho
M
Cho
Myung-Haing
MH
Brazil
Derek P
DP
Hemmings
Brian A
BA
Park
Jongsun
J