Fibrinogen is required for maintenance of platelet intracellular and cell-surface P-selectin expression.
Platelet P-selectin plays important roles in inflammation and contributes to thrombosis and hemostasis. Although it has been reported that von Willebrand factor (VWF) affects P-selectin expression on endothelial cells, little information is available regarding regulation of platelet P-selectin expression. Here, we first observed that P-selectin expression was significantly decreased on platelets of fibrinogen and VWF double-deficient mice. Subsequently, we identified this was due to fibrinogen deficiency. Impaired P-selectin expression on fibrinogen-deficient platelets was further confirmed in human hypofibrinogenemic patients. We demonstrated that this impairment is unlikely due to excessive P-selectin shedding, deficient fibrinogen-mediated cell surface P-selectin binding, or impaired platelet granule release, but rather is due to decreased platelet P-selectin content. Fibrinogen transfusion completely recovered this impairment in fibrinogen-deficient (Fg(-/-)) mice, and engagement of the C-terminus of the fibrinogen gamma chain with beta3 integrin was required for this process. Furthermore, Fg(-/-) platelets significantly increased P-selectin expression following transfusion into beta3 integrin-deficient mice and when cultured with fibrinogen. These data suggest fibrinogen may play important roles in inflammation, thrombosis, and hemostasis via enhancement of platelet P-selectin expression. Since human fibrinogen levels vary significantly in normal and diseased populations, P-selectin as an activation marker on platelets should be used with caution.
Yang
Hong
H
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Lang
Sean
S
Zhai
Zhimin
Z
Li
Ling
L
Kahr
Walter H A
WH
Chen
Pingguo
P
Brkić
Jelena
J
Spring
Christopher M
CM
Flick
Matthew J
MJ
Degen
Jay L
JL
Freedman
John
J
Ni
Heyu
H