title: Risk of contrast-induced nephropathy in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in cirrhotic patients and to identify risk factors for the development of CIN.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review of 216 consecutive patients with cirrhosis who underwent computed tomography (CT) with intravenous contrast at the University of Rochester between the years 2000-2005. We retrospectively examined factors associated with a high risk for CIN, defined as a decrease in creatinine clearance of 25% or greater within one week after receiving contrast.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five percent of our patients developed CIN, and 74% of these patients had ascites seen on CT. Of the 75% of patients who did not develop CIN, only 46% had ascites. The presence of ascites was a significant risk factor for the development of CIN (P = 0.0009, OR 3.38, 95% CI 1.55-7.34) in multivariate analysis. Patient age, serum sodium, Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, diuretic use, and the presence of diabetes were not found to be significant risk factors for the development of CIN. Of the patients who developed CIN, 11% developed chronic renal insufficiency, defined as a creatinine clearance less than baseline for 6 wk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that in hospitalized cirrhotic patients, especially those with ascites, the risk of CIN is substantial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Box 646601, Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
authors.forename: Nilesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lodhia
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kader
authors.forename: Thalia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mayes
authors.forename: Parvez
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mantry
authors.forename: Benedict
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maliakkal