title: Temporal approach: a good way to provide cerebral protection for proximal carotid stenosis, the last chance for trackability in CAS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the temporal approach during coronary artery stenosis (CAS) to overcome tortuosity in case of difficult arch anatomy or tortuous common carotid artery, and to provide cerebral protection of proximal lesions of the supra-aortic trunks during stenting.
  
  
  METHODS
  The superficial temporal artery is exposed through a small incision right in front of the ear and is cannulated. A guidewire is used to descend in the external and common carotid artery and in the arch if needed. Between the end of March 2007 and May 2008 9 patients were treated with the temporal approach: in 5 cases of stenosis of the internal carotid artery with difficult arch anatomy to obtain a through and through guide from the temporal to the femoral artery, in 3 of the supra-aortic trunks to obtain cerebral protection during the procedure and in one case of tandem lesion of the left common and internal carotid artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The procedure was successful in all 9 cases and there were no complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The temporal approach proved to be feasible and at low risk; it represents a new possibility to increase the feasibility of carotid artery stenting in patients with difficult anatomy but, above all, it is a good way to obtain cerebral protection during endovascular treatment of proximal lesions of the supra-aortic vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, San Filippo Neri Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mangialardi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ronchey
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Serrao
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bergeron