title: Probing and preventing quantum dot-induced cytotoxicity with multimodal alpha-lipoic acid in multiple dimensions of the peripheral nervous system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Toxicity of nanoparticles developed for biomedical applications is extensively debated as no uniform guidelines are available for studying nanomaterial safety, resulting in conflicting data obtained from different cell types. This study demonstrates the varied toxicity of a selected type of nanoparticle, cadmium telluride quantum dots (QDs), in three increasingly complex cell models of the peripheral nervous system.
  
  
  METHODS
  QD-induced cytotoxicity was assessed via cell viability assays and biomarkers of subcellular damage in PC12 cells and mixed primary dispersed dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cultures. Morphological analysis of neurite outgrowth was used to determine the viability of axotomized DRG explant cultures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cadmium telluride QDs and their core metals exert different degrees of toxicity in the three cell models, the primary dispersed DRGs being the most susceptible. alpha-lipoic acid is an effective, multimodal, cytoprotective agent that can act as an antioxidant, metal chelator and QD-surface modifier in these cell systems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Complex multicellular model systems, along with homogenous cell models, should be utilized in standard screening and monitoring procedures for evaluating nanomaterial safety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Manasi P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Angela O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Neibert
authors.forename: Dusica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maysinger