title: Reconstructive surgery for lower pole ureteropelvic junction obstruction associated with incomplete ureteral duplication.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The lower moiety of duplex kidney can be associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). Surgical correction can be challenging in cases of incomplete duplication where the junction of the lower and upper pole ureters is proximal. We review our experience with this unusual entity with an emphasis on surgical techniques employed in reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the charts of eight patients with lower pole UPJO who underwent surgery in 2002-2008. The surgical approach, specifically the utilization of the non-obstructed upper pole ureter, used in the reconstruction was noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four of eight patients were symptomatic at presentation with either infection or pain. UPJO was at least in part secondary to lower pole crossing vessels in four patients and was treated with dismembered pyeloplasty. Lower pole to upper pole pyeloureterostomy was necessary in four patients due to short ureteral length between the UPJ and junction of lower and upper pole ureters. No complications or obstruction of either moiety developed during 1 year of follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower pole UPJO in incomplete renal duplication mandates individualized surgical treatment dependent upon anatomy encountered. We have found that pyeloureterostomy is a safe alternative to drainage of the obstructed lower pole.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. brianvanderbrink@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: VanderBrink
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gilley
authors.forename: Kirstan K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Meldrum
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rink