title: Cross-presentation of tumor associated antigens through tumor-derived autophagosomes.
abstract: Cross-presentation of exogenous antigens by host professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) plays a pivotal role in the initiation and development of T-cell immune responses to tumor-associated antigens, including self or mutated self-antigens derived from tumor cells, and foreign antigens derived from infectious agents. Cross-presentation requires multiple steps that involve the antigens' synthesis and compartmentalization in donor cells, packaging and delivery, and processing and presentation by MHC class I molecules on professional APCs. The intricate pathways that lead to protein degradation and the formation of MHC I-peptide complexes inside the APC are well documented for both soluble and particulate antigens. However, much less is known about how cross-presentation is regulated by the protein degradation pathways in antigen-donor cells (ADCs), including autophagy-mediated lysosomal proteolysis and proteasomal degradation. The exact nature or form of the antigens derived from donor cells at the time of delivery to the APC for cross-presentation is very controversial.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Immunobiology, Providence Portland Medical Center, 4805 N.E. Glisan Street, Portland, OR 97213, USA.
authors.forename: Yuhuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li-xin
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Puiyi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Twitty
authors.forename: Bernard A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aung
authors.forename: Walter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Urba
authors.forename: Hong-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hu