title: Comparative analysis of methods for accurate recognition of cells through nuclei staining of Ki-67 in neuroblastoma and estrogen/progesterone status staining in breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare 2 automatic systems for the recognition and counting of 2 different families of cells through nuclei staining: Ki-67 in neuroblastoma and estrogen/progesterone (ER/PR) status staining in breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Morphology-based segmentation strategies and the Support Vector Machine approach have been used for the accurate extraction and recognition of the cells. To achieve the highest possible accuracy, 2 specialized systems specially suited for Ki-67 and ER/PR staining have been developed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The testing set of histologic slides of Ki-67 and ER/PR staining has been assessed by our system and the results compared to the score of a human expert. The results are in good agreement. The average differences are within the acceptable limits of 10%. The main advantage of the system is its absolute repeatability of scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed computer-assisted automatic system of cell extraction and recognition through nuclei staining has confirmed sufficient accuracy for the tested images and may provide a useful tool for cell recognition and counting on the basis of histologic slides with Ki-67 and ER/PR staining.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Military Institute of the Health Services, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Markiewicz
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wisniewski
authors.forename: Stanislaw
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osowski
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patera
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kozlowski
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koktysz