title: Performance of Brazilian long and short IQCODE on the screening of dementia in elderly people with low education.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dementia screening in elderly people with low education can be difficult to implement. For these subjects, informant reports using the long (L) (26 items) and short (C) (16 items) versions of the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) can be useful. The objective of the present study was to investigate the performance of Brazilian versions of the IQCODE L, S and a new short version (SBr) (15 items) in comparison with the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) for dementia screening in elderly people with low education.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four patients with mild to moderate dementia, diagnosed according to ICD-10 criteria, and 57 controls were evaluated and divided into three groups based on their socioeconomic status and level of education. Patients were evaluated using the MMSE and the informants were interviewed using the IQCODE by interviewers blind to the clinical diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Education was correlated with MMSE results (r = 0.280, p = 0.031), but not with the versions of the IQCODE. The performance of the instruments, evaluated by the ROC curves, was very similar, with good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.97). MMSE correctly classified 85.7% of the subjects while the three IQCODE versions (L, S and SBr) correctly classified 91.2% of the subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long, short and the new short Brazilian IQCODE versions can be useful as a screening tool for mild and moderate patients with dementia in Brazil. The IQCODE is not biased by schooling, and it seems to be an adequate instrument for samples with low levels of education.
authors.affiliation: Old Age Research Group (PROTER), Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil. perroco@ajato.com.br
authors.forename: Tíbor Rilho
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Perroco
authors.forename: Sonia E Zevallos
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.forename: María Del Pilar Q
authors.initials: Mdel P
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Sérgio R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hototian
authors.forename: Marcos A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Dionísio
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: Júlio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Litvoc
authors.forename: Wilson Jacob
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.forename: Cássio M C
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bottino