title: Cetuximab and chemotherapy as initial treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the efficacy of cetuximab plus irinotecan, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFIRI) as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer and sought associations between the mutation status of the KRAS gene in tumors and clinical response to cetuximab.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomly assigned patients with epidermal growth factor receptor-positive colorectal cancer with unresectable metastases to receive FOLFIRI either alone or in combination with cetuximab. The primary end point was progression-free survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 599 patients received cetuximab plus FOLFIRI, and 599 received FOLFIRI alone. The hazard ratio for progression-free survival in the cetuximab-FOLFIRI group as compared with the FOLFIRI group was 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72 to 0.99; P=0.048). There was no significant difference in the overall survival between the two treatment groups (hazard ratio, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.07; P=0.31). There was a significant interaction between treatment group and KRAS mutation status for tumor response (P=0.03) but not for progression-free survival (P=0.07) or overall survival (P=0.44). The hazard ratio for progression-free survival among patients with wild-type-KRAS tumors was 0.68 (95% CI, 0.50 to 0.94), in favor of the cetuximab-FOLFIRI group. The following grade 3 or 4 adverse events were more frequent with cetuximab plus FOLFIRI than with FOLFIRI alone: skin reactions (which were grade 3 only) (in 19.7% vs. 0.2% of patients, P<0.001), infusion-related reactions (in 2.5% vs. 0%, P<0.001), and diarrhea (in 15.7% vs. 10.5%, P=0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First-line treatment with cetuximab plus FOLFIRI, as compared with FOLFIRI alone, reduced the risk of progression of metastatic colorectal cancer. The benefit of cetuximab was limited to patients with KRAS wild-type tumors. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00154102.)
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Digestive Oncology Unit, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. eric.vancutsem@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Cutsem
authors.forename: Claus-Henning
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Köhne
authors.forename: Erika
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authors.lastname: Hitre
authors.forename: Jerzy
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authors.lastname: Zaluski
authors.forename: Chung-Rong
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authors.lastname: Chang Chien
authors.forename: Anatoly
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authors.lastname: Makhson
authors.forename: Geert
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authors.lastname: D'Haens
authors.forename: Tamás
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authors.lastname: Pintér
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bodoky
authors.forename: Jae Kyung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Gunnar
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authors.lastname: Folprecht
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruff
authors.forename: Christopher
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authors.lastname: Stroh
authors.forename: Sabine
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authors.lastname: Tejpar
authors.forename: Michael
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authors.lastname: Schlichting
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nippgen
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rougier