title: Endoscopic position control of nasoenteral feeding tubes by transnasal re-endoscopy: a prospective study in intensive care patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In critically ill patients, correct placement of enteral feeding tubes is usually controlled by X-ray. A bedside method without radiation exposure would be preferable. This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and value of endoscopic position control for enteral feeding tubes by transnasal re-endoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 120 consecutive examinations in critically ill patients were analyzed. Immediately after transnasal endoscopic placement of a feeding tube, the correct position was determined by re-endoscopy. In cases of incorrect position, replacement was performed instantly until the correct position was achieved. Abdominal X-ray with contrast was performed thereafter and served as the gold standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 95 patients (79%), endoscopic control showed correct position. In 25 patients, position was incorrect and endoscopic placement was repeated (one attempt in 22 patients, two attempts in 3 patients). Radiological control showed correct position in 118 patients (98%). In two cases, the feeding tube was displaced in the meantime. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of endoscopic position control was 100% (95% confidence interval, CI; 97-100%) and 98% (95% CI; 94-99%), respectively. The cost savings per case ranged from $281 to $302, depending on different cost assumptions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic position control of enteral feeding tubes by re-endoscopy is feasible, very accurate, leads to a high rate of successful feeding tube placements, and has the potential of substantial cost-savings.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wiegand
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bauerfeind
authors.forename: Fabiola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Delco
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.forename: Stephan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wildi