Association of tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene (T-1031C, C-863A, and C-857T) polymorphisms with bladder cancer susceptibility and outcome after bacille Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association of tumour necrosis factor-alpha gene (TNF-alpha) polymorphisms T-1031C, C-863A, and C-857T with bladder cancer risk and recurrence after bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy, as TNF-alpha regulates inflammatory process influencing bladder cancer susceptibility and outcome of BCG immunotherapy.


METHODS
In all, 220 patients with bladder cancer and 206 controls were recruited. Genotyping was done using allele specific-polymerase chain reaction.


RESULTS
A T-1031C, CC genotype and haplotype -1031C/-863C/-857T showed enhanced susceptibility to bladder cancer, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.23 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.17-4.26; and an OR of 6.05 and 95%CI of 2.46-14.90, respectively. A T-1031C, CC genotype had a reduced risk of recurrence after BCG treatment (hazard ratio 0.38, 95%CI 0.14-0.98).


CONCLUSIONS
The present data suggests that T-1031C (CC) genotype and C/C/T haplotype may confer risk for bladder cancer, moreover T-1031C (CC) decreased the risk of recurrence after BCG immunotherapy.
Ahirwar
Dinesh K
DK
Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Mandhani
Anil
A
Dharaskar
Anand
A
Kesarwani
Pravin
P
Mittal
Rama D
RD