title: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for upper tract urothelial cancer: is there a role?
abstract: Since the first reported case of using adjuvant topical immunotherapy utilizing bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) was published by Herr and associates, several institutions have utilized numerous agents for topical infusion therapies (BCG, Mitomycin, Epirubicin, Thiotepa or combination therapy of BCG/INF) as adjuncts in the treatment of upper tract papillary transitional cell carcinoma. A comprehensive review of the current data in the treatment of upper tract transitional cell carcinoma (Ta/T1 disease) with adjuvant BCG therapy was completed. Currently, the efficacy of adjuvant BCG therapy was not demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA. nycurology@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ardeshir R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rastinehad
authors.forename: Arthur D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Smith