title: Spatial memory performance of Wistar rats exposed to mobile phone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With the tremendous increase in number of mobile phone users world wide, the possible risks of this technology have become a serious concern.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We tested the effects of mobile phone exposure on spatial memory performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats (10-12 weeks old) were exposed to 50 missed calls/day for 4 weeks from a GSM (900/1800 MHz) mobile phone in vibratory mode (no ring tone). After the experimental period, the animals were tested for spatial memory performance using the Morris water maze test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both phone exposed and control animals showed a significant decrease in escape time with training. Phone exposed animals had significantly (approximately 3 times) higher mean latency to reach the target quadrant and spent significantly (approximately 2 times) less time in the target quadrant than age- and sex-matched controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mobile phone exposure affected the acquisition of learned responses in Wistar rats. This in turn points to the poor spatial navigation and the object place configurations of the phone-exposed animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College - Manipal, India.
authors.forename: Sareesh Naduvil
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: Raju Suresh
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Bhagath Kumar
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Potu
authors.forename: Satheesha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: Maneesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mailankot