title: [Importance of monitoring neuroendoscopic intracranial pressure during anesthesia for neuroendoscopic surgery: review of 101 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to describe monitoring, anesthetic management, and risk factors for complications in neuroendoscopic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who underwent neuroendoscopy between 1994 and 2003 under general anesthesia, with monitoring of intracranial pressure from inside the neuroendoscope, were studied retrospectively. In some patients, the blood flow rate in the middle cerebral artery was monitored using transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Information was collected related to surgical procedure and the development of complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 101 patients included in the study, transcranial Doppler ultrasound images were available for 20. In 75 patients neuroendoscopic intracranial pressure exceeded 20 mm Hg. Forty-five percent of the patients with available transcranial Doppler ultrasound images showed episodes of reduced diastolic flow rate in the middle cerebral artery during ventricular irrigation. Hemodynamic instability was associated with higher neuroendoscopic intracranial pressures (P < .05). An increase of more than 30 mm Hg in neuroendoscopic intracranial pressure was associated with more postoperative complications, the most common of which was delayed awakening. Procedures that were more complicated than a simple ventriculostomy were performed in 58% of the cases. Mean (SD) neuroendoscopic intracranial pressures in such cases were higher (50.5 [30.9] mm Hg vs 31.8 [25.1 mm Hg] in the simpler procedures) and the postoperative complication rate was higher (P = .003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neuroendoscopic surgery can causes increases in neuroendoscopic intracranial pressure that are associated with disturbances in cerebral blood flow and complications. This situation demonstrates the importance of monitoring intracranial pressure and cerebral blood flow.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesiología, Reanimación y Terapéutica del Dolor, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hurtado
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valero
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tercero
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carrero
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Caral
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fábregas