title: Migraine in recurrent depression: case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An association between depression and headache is well established, but the specificity to migraine is unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the specificity of the association of depression and migraine.
  
  
  METHODS
  People with recurrent depression (n=1259) were compared with psychiatrically healthy controls (n=851) to investigate headache defined according to International Headache Society criteria in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All headache types were more prevalent in the case group than in the controls. However, the strongest association was between depression and migraine with aura (OR=5.6). Among participants with recurrent headaches, migraine with aura (but not other forms of headache) was highly significantly associated with depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that not only is there a general relationship between headache and depression but also that among people with recurrent headache there is a specific association between depression and migraine with aura. The association is likely to be explained by overlapping aetiological risk factors.
authors.affiliation: McMaster University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Mood Disorders Program, Centre for Mountain Health Services, St Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3K7, Canada. samaanz@mcmaster.ca
authors.forename: Zainab
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Samaan
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Craddock
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Ania
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korszun
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McGuffin