title: Effects of diclofenac epolamine patch on postoperative sore throat in parturients after cesarean delivery under endotracheal general anesthesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative sore throat is a common problem. The efficacy of topical application of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in alleviating postoperative sore throat has not been established. Our aim was to evaluate the analgesic effects of diclofenac epolamine patch on postoperative sore throat.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in a prospective, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled manner. Two hundred and twenty women undergoing elective cesarean section (because of previous cesarean section) were randomized into two equal groups: the diclofenac epolamine patch group and the placebo group. The surgery was performed under general anesthesia after rapid sequence induction. Data of the baseline characteristics, the incidence and severity of sore throat and the adverse effects of diclofenac patch were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The participants were similar in baseline characteristics. The incidence of sore throat, as assessed 12, 24 and 48 hours after using the patch was significantly lower in the diclofenac patch group than in the placebo patch group, with p values 0.04, < 0.001 and 0.015, respectively. None of the participants dropped out of the study because of complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diclofenac epolamine patch is effective and safe in prevention of sore throat following intubation general anesthesia in cesarean section.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.forename: Jalil
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Makarem