title: Repeat DUI offenders who have had a drug diagnosis: are they more prone to traffic crashes and violations?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Study objectives are to test for differences (1) in rates of negative traffic outcomes between DUI offenders who have lifetime drug use disorders (DUD) and those with no lifetime DUD; and (2) by drug class for those with a DUD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study sample of 379 male and 74 female repeat DUI offenders was interviewed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to those with an alcohol use disorder (AUD) only, the relative risk of being involved in a vehicular crash was greater for those with a central nervous system (CNS) depressant use disorder. The risk of being convicted of a traffic offense was higher for those with any DUD and for those with a CNS stimulant use disorder. Differences by class of drug used, after adjusting for demographics, were a 47 percent (confidence interval: 6-103%) greater risk of being in a crash with a CNS depressant use disorder and 28 percent (confidence interval: 11-48%) greater risk of a traffic conviction with a stimulant use disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results underscore the increased risk of negative traffic outcomes among repeat DUI offenders diagnosed with DUD, particularly CNS depressant disorders, supporting the call to establish policies that include comprehensive evaluation and treatment for this population.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Health Research Center of the Southwest, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 612 Encino Place NE, Albuquerque, NM 87102, USA.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: C'de Baca
authors.forename: Garnett P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.forename: Sandra C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lapham