Biological effects of electrolyzed water in hemodialysis.
OBJECTIVE
The application of electrolyzed water (EW) at the cathode side to manufacture reverse osmosis (RO) water and hemodialysis (HD) solution can actually lead to less oxidative capacity in chemical terms. The present study examined the biological actions of this water on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), and the clinical feasibility of applying this technology to HD treatment.


METHODS
RO water using EW (e-RO) exhibited less chemiluminescence in luminol-hydrogen peroxide and higher dissolved hydrogen levels (-99.0 ppb) compared with control RO water. The effects of e-RO on PMN viability were tested. HD using e-RO was performed for 12 consecutive sessions in 8 patients for the feasibility test.


RESULTS
Basal cellular viability and function to generate superoxide radicals of PMNs were better preserved by e-RO application. In the clinical trial, reductions of blood pressure were noted, but no adverse events were observed. There were no changes in the blood dialysis parameters, although methylguanidine levels were significantly decreased at the end of study.


CONCLUSIONS
The present study demonstrated the capacity of e-RO to preserve the viability of PMNs, and the clinical feasibility of applying this water for HD treatment. The clinical application of this technology may improve the bio-compatibility of HD treatment.
Nakayama
Masaaki
M
Research Division of Dialysis and Chronic Kidney Disease, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. mnakayama@mail.tains.tohoku.ac.jp
Kabayama
Shigeru
S
Nakano
Hirofumi
H
Zhu
Wan-Jun
WJ
Terawaki
Hiroyuki
H
Nakayama
Keisuke
K
Katoh
Kiyoshi
K
Satoh
Toshinobu
T
Ito
Sadayoshi
S