Office management of chronic systolic heart failure.
Evidence-based management of chronic systolic heart failure includes risk factor management, therapeutic lifestyle changes, and a polypharmaceutical regimen that prolongs survival, reduces or reverses progression of myocardial dysfunction, alleviates symptoms, and limits complications. Subspecialty consultation is warranted when symptoms progress despite standard therapy; interventions are needed for refractory coronary disease, an arrhythmia device is indicated, or surgical intervention or transplantation is considered.
Geraci
Stephen A
SA
G V (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
Spencer
Jessie M
JM
Stubbs
Nancy D
ND