title: Modulation of calcium signalling by mitochondria.
abstract: In this review we will attempt to summarise the complex and sometimes contradictory effects that mitochondria have on different forms of calcium signalling. Mitochondria can influence Ca(2+) signalling indirectly by changing the concentration of ATP, NAD(P)H, pyruvate and reactive oxygen species - which in turn modulate components of the Ca(2+) signalling machinery i.e. buffering, release from internal stores, influx from the extracellular solution, uptake into cellular organelles and extrusion by plasma membrane Ca(2+) pumps. Mitochondria can directly influence the calcium concentration in the cytosol of the cell by importing Ca(2+) via the mitochondrial Ca(2+) uniporter or transporting Ca(2+) from the interior of the organelle into the cytosol by means of Na+/Ca(2+) or H+/Ca(2+) exchangers. Considerable progress in understanding the relationship between Ca(2+) signalling cascades and mitochondrial physiology has been accumulated over the last few years due to the development of more advanced optical techniques and electrophysiological approaches.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
authors.forename: Ciara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barrow
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voronina
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chvanov
authors.forename: Ole H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Alexei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tepikin