title: Annealing effect on mono-mode refractive index enhanced RbTiOPO4 waveguides formed by ion implantation.
abstract: We reported on the annealing features of the RbTiOPO4 planar waveguides fabricated by 6.0 MeV C3+ ion implantation. The thermal stability of the ion-implanted RbTiOPO4 waveguide was investigated by annealing at different temperatures ranging from 260 degrees C to 650 degrees C. Results revealed that when temperatures are higher than 550 degrees C, annealing caused the refractive indices of both ny and nz a saturation behavior. An increase of the ny refractive index in waveguide region was observed after proper annealing. The low loss planar mono-mode waveguides have been achieved in RbTiOPO4 crystals by applying appropriate ion implantation and annealing conditions.
authors.affiliation: School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Liang-Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ke-Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing-Ming
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hong-Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ma