title: Cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction in a doped athlete.
abstract: Abuse of doping agents may pose a higher risk for heart disease including acute myocardial infarction. We report the case of a 50-year-old body-builder Caucasian man with a long-standing abuse of nandrolone and erythropoietin that developed a ventricular septal defect following acute myocardial infarction. This mechanical complication led to cardiogenic shock ultimately treated with the implantation of a circulatory support by means of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The patient subsequently underwent orthotopic heart transplantation. The association of intense isometric exercise, abuse of erythropoietin and nandrolone is likely to have predisposed to coronary thrombus formation and acute myocardial infarction, as the patient presented no traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lunghetti
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zacà
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maffei
authors.forename: Arcangelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrera
authors.forename: Rosaria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gaddi
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Diciolla
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maccherini
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiavarelli
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mondillo
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Favilli