title: Vitrification of immature mouse oocyte using stepwise equilibration before or after in vitro maturation.
abstract: Immature mouse oocytes before or after in vitro maturation (IVM) were vitrified by the use of either conventional one-step or three-step equilibration. Although vitrification after IVM using the stepwise method does not affect the cleavage rate, the early embryonic development was profoundly impaired in both protocols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Chul
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Jee
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Hai Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: richeng.chian@muhc.mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Ri-Cheng
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Chian
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chang Suk
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Shin Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Moon