title: Side effects, sequelae, and complications of carbon dioxide laser resurfacing.
abstract: The reader is presumed to have a broad understanding of plastic surgery procedures and concepts. After studying this article, the participant should be able to: Physicians may earn 1 hour of Category 1 CME credit by successfully completing the examination based on material covered in this article. The examination begins on page 373. The benefits of laser resurfacing are now well-known and-documented. As larger series of patients are being treated and followed, a typical pattern of side effects and complications is being observed. Normal sequelae or side effects include temporary skin problems such as erythema, tightness, or drying of the skin. Milia or acne may occur at the 2- to 4-week interval. Inadequate removal of rhytids may necessitate touch-up treatment, as may the appearance of telangiectasia or rosacea. Hyperpigmentation and lines of demarcation often disappear with time and conservative treatment. Complications include infection by bacterial, viral, yeast, or fungal organisms and may result in hypertrophic or keloid scarring. Unusual hypersensitivity reactions are not uncommon. Hypopigmentation is permanent. Ectropion and tooth enamel injury may also be permanent.
authors.affiliation: Atherton Plastic Surgery Center, Stanford, CA USA; Stanford University Medical Center in Stanford, CA USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Apfelberg