Clinical presentation and outcome of patients hospitalized for symptomatic in-stent restenosis treated by percutaneous coronary intervention: comparison between drug-eluting stents and bare-metal stents.
BACKGROUND
In-stent restenosis remains the major limitation of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly after bare-metal stent (BMS) implantation. Drug-eluting stents (DES) decrease in-stent restenosis, which is thought to have minimal clinical consequences, but may increase the risk of stent thrombosis and its attendant high mortality rate.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the clinical consequences of in-stent restenosis, including severity of associated illness and acute and 1-year outcomes and to compare DES and BMS in-stent restenosis.


METHODS
Using our prospective PCI registry, we compared data from 1958 consecutive patients hospitalized with BMS in-stent restenosis between January 2000 and April 2003 and all 190 patients with DES in-stent restenosis admitted between April 2003 and September 2006. Risk-adjusted outcomes were calculated using propensity-score matching.


RESULTS
An unstable presentation was noted in 78.1% of 2148 patients. Patients with DES in-stent restenosis presented more often with acute myocardial infarction (4.3% versus 1.6%, p<0.001). At 1 year, mortality for all patients was 5.7% and target-vessel revascularization was 21.5%. After risk adjustment, target-vessel revascularization and target-vessel revascularization-major adverse cardiac events were greater in patients with DES in-stent restenosis (respectively, 27.8% versus 19.7%, p=0.05; 32.5% versus 24.3%, p=0.06).


CONCLUSIONS
In-stent restenosis is associated with unstable presentation and a higher 1-year adverse events rate than expected in patients undergoing elective PCI. For an identical level of cardiac risk, it seems that DES in-stent restenosis outcomes are slightly worse than BMS in-stent restenosis outcomes.
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center, 110, Irving Street, NW, Suite 4B-1, Washington DC 20010, USA.
Axel
A
De Labriolle
Laurent
L
Bonello
Gilles
G
Lemesle
Daniel H
DH
Steinberg
Probal
P
Roy
Zhenyi
Z
Xue
Kimberly
K
Kaneshige
William O
WO
Suddath
Lowell F
LF
Satler
Kenneth M
KM
Kent
Augusto D
AD
Pichard
Joseph
J
Lindsay
Ron
R
Waksman
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D008670:Metals