Outcomes in mitral regurgitation due to flail leaflets a multicenter European study.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to assess incidence and predictors of events associated with nonsurgical and surgical management of severe mitral regurgitation (MR) in European institutions.


BACKGROUND
The management of patients with MR remains disputed, warranting multicenter studies to define clinical outcome in routine clinical practice.


METHODS
The MIDA (Mitral Regurgitation International DAtabase) is a registry created for multicenter study of MR with echocardiographically diagnosed flail leaflet as a model of pure, organic MR. Our cases were collected from 4 European centers. We enrolled 394 patients (age 64 +/- 11 years; 67% men; 64% in New York Heart Association functional class I to II; left ventricular ejection fraction 67 +/- 10%).


RESULTS
During a median follow-up of 3.9 years, linearized event rates/year under nonsurgical management were 5.4% for atrial fibrillation (AF), 8.0% for heart failure (HF), and 2.6% for death. Mitral valve (MV) surgery was performed in 315 (80%) patients (repair in 250 of 315, 80%). Perioperative mortality, defined as death within 30 days from the operation, was 0.7% (n = 2). Surgery during follow-up was independently associated with reduced risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21 to 0.84; p = 0.014). Benefit was largely driven by MV repair (adjusted HR vs. replacement 0.37, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.76; p = 0.007). In 102 patients strictly asymptomatic and with normal ventricular function, 5-year combined incidence of AF, HF, or cardiovascular death (CVD) was 42 +/- 8%. In these patients, surgery also reduced rates of CVD/HF (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.89; p = 0.032).


CONCLUSIONS
In this multicenter study, nonsurgical management of severe MR was associated with notable rates of adverse events. Surgery especially MV repair performed during follow-up was beneficial in reducing rates of cardiac events. These findings support surgical consideration in patients with MR due to flail leaflets for whom MV repair is feasible.
Grigioni
Francesco
F
University Hospital of Bologna, Italy. francesco.grigioni@unibo.it
Tribouilloy
Christophe
C
Avierinos
Jean Francois
JF
Barbieri
Andrea
A
Ferlito
Marinella
M
Trojette
Faouzi
F
Tafanelli
Laurence
L
Branzi
Angelo
A
Szymanski
Catherine
C
Habib
Gilbert
G
Modena
Maria G
MG
Enriquez-Sarano
Maurice
M
D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D018579:Patient Selection; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left