Early malnutrition favours heavy ethanol intake in weaning rats without long-lasting effects.
BACKGROUND
Although food restriction is well known to increase ethanol intake, the subject has not been extensively studied in developing animals which could be more vulnerable to long-lasting effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to show some findings concerning this subject.


METHODS
Food restriction was used to produce malnutrition either during lactation (lactating dams food restricted 60%) or after weaning (pups food restricted 60%). At weaning, day 25, males were assigned to one of the following groups: C, food ad libitum throughout the experiment - control group; MW, malnourished only after weaning; ML, malnourished only during lactation period; and MLW, malnourished throughout the experiment, during lactation and after weaning. All rats were kept isolated in cages in which they could choose to drink either a 10% ethanol solution or tap water (from days 25 to 45). Re-exposure to this model was performed on day 49. Between exposure and re-exposure, rats drank tap water for 4 days.


RESULTS
There was a significant effect of malnutrition during lactation, up to day 35, with heavy drinking patterns (ethanol intake day 2: C, 8 g/kg; MW, 9 g/kg; ML, 19 g/kg; and MLW, 22 g/kg). This heavy drinking pattern lasted until the recovery of body weight. Food restriction after weaning had significant effects after 14 days, when a statistically significant decrease in body weight occurred (body weight day 39: C, 147.8 g; MW, 98.5 g). Only rats which were persistently malnourished (MLW and MW) drank ethanol more significantly than their ad libitum-fed counterparts during the re-exposure period (ethanol intake: malnourished, 5 g/kg; and well-nourished, 2.5 g/kg). Adulteration of the ethanol solution with quinine (0.1 g/l) precluded the effect of malnutrition.


CONCLUSIONS
Malnutrition during early development had no long-lasting effects on ethanol consumption. In addition, malnutrition increased ethanol consumption as long as it kept body weight low, which was apparently more significant in young animals.
Núcleo de Ciéncias Comportamentais e do Desenvolvimento, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
A S
AS
Aguiar
R F
RF
Abrahão
T L
TL
Freitas
V A
VA
da Silva
D000375:Aging; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation; D007774:Lactation; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014886:Weaning
D000431:Ethanol