Late-onset depression in elderly subjects from the Vienna Transdanube Aging (VITA) study.
OBJECTIVE
To assess whether prevalence of depression increases with age. To determine possible risk factors of late-onset depression.


METHODS
The Vienna Transdanube Aging (VITA) study is a community-based cohort study investigating every inhabitant of the area on the left shore of the river Danube, in Vienna, Austria, born between May 1925 and June 1926. It includes a thorough neurologic, psychiatric, and neuropsychological battery. Occurrence of a current depressive episode was diagnosed according to a DSM-IV-based questionnaire, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and the Short Geriatric Depression Scale. A gerontopsychiatric life events scale was used for the assessment of life events. 1505 subjects were contacted and 606 participated. At baseline, 406 nondemented and never-depressed individuals were included in the study. Follow-up after 30 months was possible in 331 of the 406 participants. Baseline data were collected from May 2000 to December 2002, and 30-month follow-up data were collected from November 2002 to September 2005.


RESULTS
Of the 331 participants who were not depressed at baseline, 31.4% had developed a subsyndromal, minor, or major depressive episode at the 30-month follow-up; 14.2% were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment at follow-up, 42.5% of whom were also diagnosed with new-onset depression. In the multiple analyses, "troubles with relatives" was a significant variable (p = .018, OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.28 to 0.89, R(2) = 0.16). Summative scores on the Fuld Object Memory Evaluation showed a significant influence (p = .048, OR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.88 to 0.99, R(2) = 0.01) on the occurrence of newly onset depression. None of the other investigated possible risk factors had a significant influence on the new occurrence of depression.


CONCLUSIONS
Prevalence of late-onset depression increases with age. Having severe troubles with relatives and pre-existing cognitive impairments may enhance the probability of developing a late-onset depression.
Mossaheb
Nilufar
N
Medical University of Vienna, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Division of Biological Psychiatry, Vienna, Austria. nilufar.mossaheb@meduniwien.ac.at
Weissgram
Silvia
S
Zehetmayer
Sonja
S
Jungwirth
Susanne
S
Rainer
Michael
M
Tragl
Karl-Heinz
KH
Fischer
Peter
P
D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology; D001317:Austria / Q000453:epidemiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires