Comparative evaluation of nanofibrous scaffolding for bone regeneration in critical-size calvarial defects.
In a previous study we found that nanofibrous poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds mimicking collagen fibers in size were superior to solid-walled scaffolds in promoting osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in vitro. In this study we used an in vivo model to confirm the biological properties of nanofibrous PLLA scaffolds and to evaluate how effectively they support bone regeneration against solid-walled scaffolds. The scaffolds were implanted in critical-size defects made on rat calvarial bones. Compared with solid-walled scaffolds, nanofibrous scaffolds supported substantially more new bone tissue formation, which was confirmed by micro-computed tomography measurement and von Kossa staining. Goldner's trichrome staining showed abundant collagen deposition in nanofibrous scaffolds but not in the control solid-walled scaffolds. The cells in these scaffolds were immuno-stained strongly for Runx2 and bone sialoprotein (BSP). In contrast, solid-walled scaffolds implanted in the defects were stained weakly with trichrome, Runx2, and BSP. These in vivo results demonstrate that nanofibrous architecture enhances osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.
Woo
Kyung Mi
KM
Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Dental Research Institute and BK21 Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Chen
Victor J
VJ
Jung
Hong-Moon
HM
Kim
Tae-Il
TI
Shin
Hong-In
HI
Baek
Jeong-Hwa
JH
Ryoo
Hyun-Mo
HM
Ma
Peter X
PX
D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010641:Phenotype; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012886:Skull / Q000473:pathology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; C546873:Ibsp protein, rat; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins