Components of lemon essential oil attenuate dementia induced by scopolamine.
The anti-dementia effects of s-limonene and s-perillyl alcohol were observed using the passive avoidance test (PA) and the open field habituation test (OFH). These lemon essential oils showed strong ability to improve memory impaired by scopolamine; however, s-perillyl alcohol relieved the deficit of associative memory in PA only, and did not improve non-associative memory significantly in OFH. Analysis of neurotransmitter concentration in some brain regions on the test day showed that dopamine concentration of the vehicle/scopolamine group was significantly lower than that of the vehicle/vehicle group, but this phenomenon was reversed when s-limonene or s-perillyl alcohol were administered before the injection of scopolamine. Simultaneously, we found that these two lemon essential oil components could inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in vitro using the Ellman method.
Zhou
Wenjun
W
Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry and G-COE Program in the 21st Century, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Science, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
Fukumoto
Syuichi
S
Yokogoshi
Hidehiko
H
D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D053138:Cyclohexenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003704:Dementia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000032:analysis; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D000077222:Limonene; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012601:Scopolamine; D013729:Terpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D053138:Cyclohexenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D010938:Plant Oils; D013729:Terpenes; C032208:perillyl alcohol; D000077222:Limonene; D012601:Scopolamine; C501365:lemon oil; D004298:Dopamine