The history of clinical musculoskeletal radiology.
The discipline of musculoskeletal radiology has evolved into a major imaging subspecialty in the years since the first use of x-rays to diagnose fractures. Musculoskeletal radiology expertise has experienced enormous developments in diagnostic sensitivity and specificity and in image-guided treatment options, in addition to technologic advances far beyond x-rays. Advances in cross-sectional imaging such as CT and MR imaging and educational and research endeavors have contributed further to the growth of musculoskeletal radiology as a distinct subspecialty.
Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, NY 10021, USA. sofkac@hss.edu
Carolyn M
CM
Sofka
Helene
H
Pavlov
D001175:Arthrography / Q000266:history; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000266:history*; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000266:history*; D009141:Musculoskeletal System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000266:history; D011871:Radiology / Q000266:history*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000266:history*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000266:history*