Decreased TIP30 expression promotes tumor metastasis in lung cancer.
The HIV Tat-interacting protein (TIP30), also called CC3 or HTIP2, is encoded by Tip30, a putative tumor-suppressor gene located on human chromosome 11p15.1. In this study, we investigated the role of TIP30 in the progression and metastasis of lung cancer. TIP30 expression was analyzed in 206 paired lung cancers and adjacent non-tumor tissues, as well as in 70 matched lymph node metastases using a high-density tissue microarray. Results were compared with the clinicopathologic features of the patients from whom the tissues were taken. Low TIP30 expression levels were found in all 9 cases of small cell lung cancer and in 36.5% (72/197) of non-small cell lung cancer, which were correlated with lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer and with poor differentiation and advanced stage of tumor cells in squamous cell carcinoma. The immunostaining scores were significantly lower in the metastatic lesions than in the primary lesions. Down-regulation of TIP30 by a short hairpin RNA enhanced cell survival, migration, and invasion through Matrigel in vitro, and promoted lung metastasis and vascularization in nude mice. Further studies revealed that the down-regulation of TIP30 enhanced the expression of osteopontin, as well as matrix metalloproteinase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor. Our results suggest that the down-regulation of TIP30 promotes metastatic progression of lung cancer, hence it could serve as a potential target for the development of lung cancer therapies.
Tong
Xin
X
International Cancer Institute and Eastern Hospital of Hepatobilliary Surgery, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.
Li
Kai
K
Luo
Zhigang
Z
Lu
Bin
B
Liu
Xing
X
Wang
Tao
T
Pang
Mingshu
M
Liang
Beibei
B
Tan
Min
M
Wu
Mengchao
M
Zhao
Jian
J
Guo
Yajun
Y
D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014945:Wound Healing
D004338:Drug Combinations; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D014157:Transcription Factors; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; C059485:matrigel; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D003094:Collagen; D000123:Acetyltransferases; C111246:HTATIP2 protein, human