In vivo macrophage-specific RCT and antioxidant and antiinflammatory HDL activity measurements: New tools for predicting HDL atheroprotection.
The beneficial therapeutic effects of raising HDL cholesterol are proving difficult to confirm in humans. The evaluation of antiatherogenic functions of HDL is an important area of research which includes the role of HDL in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), especially macrophage-specific RCT, and its antioxidant and antiinflammatory roles. The antioxidant and antiinflammatory functions of HDL can be assessed using cell-free and cell-based assays. Also, a new approach was developed to measure RCT from labeled-cholesterol macrophages to liver and feces of mice. Studies in genetically engineered animals indicate that these major HDL antiatherogenic functions are better predictors of atherosclerosis susceptibility than HDL cholesterol or total RCT. Thus, functional testing of the antiatherogenic functions of HDL in experimental animal models may facilitate the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Escolà-Gil
Joan Carles
JC
Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Servei de Bioquímica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona 08025, Spain. jescola@santpau.cat
Rotllan
Noemí
N
Julve
Josep
J
Blanco-Vaca
Francisco
F
D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000502:physiology; D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D000070998:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1; D000071018:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II / Q000378:metabolism; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000502:physiology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008049:Lipase / Q000502:physiology; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000819:agonists; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000502:physiology; D049294:Phospholipid Transfer Proteins / Q000502:physiology
C419353:ABCG1 protein, human; C487540:ABCG1 protein, mouse; C462600:ABCG5 protein, mouse; D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D000070998:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1; D000071018:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008074:Lipoproteins; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D049294:Phospholipid Transfer Proteins; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase; D008049:Lipase; C498741:Lipg protein, mouse; D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase