Characterization and expression of extrahepatic CYP2S1.
BACKGROUND
About one-third of the CYP enzymes identified so far, including several novel CYP enzymes such as CYP2S1, CYP2U1 and CYP2W1, belong to the CYP2 family. As with other recently discovered CYP enzymes, detailed information about the catalytic activity and function of CYP2S1 is lacking.


OBJECTIVE
To review and compare the expression of CYP2S1 mRNA and protein in humans, mice and rats, and to critically examine evidence pertaining to CYP2S1 regulation and its catalytic activity.


METHODS
Information about mouse and human CYP2S1 was summarized from published reports. Data about rat CYP2S1 expression was taken from recent work by the authors.


CONCLUSIONS
CYP2S1 shares molecular characteristics of both CYP1 and CYP2 family enzymes but shows a unique tissue profile of expression. Further studies are needed to identify selective substrates and to measure CYP2S1 protein levels before the role of CYP2S1 in xenobiotic metabolism and its relevance to physiological pathways and disease states can be determined.
Deb
Subrata
S
University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2146 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Bandiera
Stelvio M
SM
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity
D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C422564:CYP2S1 protein, human