Effect of long chain fatty acids on Salmonella killing, superoxide and nitric oxide production by chicken macrophages.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of uptake of different commonly consumed long chain fatty acids on superoxide (O(2)(-)), nitric oxide (NO) production, and ability to kill Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (S. typhimurium) by chicken macrophages (HD11 cells). All the fatty acids were taken up by HD11 cells with stearic acid uptake higher than polyunsaturated fatty acids. Uptake of green fluorescent protein-labeled bacteria and the viability of HD11 cells (measured by flow cytometry) was not affected by any of the fatty acids tested. Bacterial clearance (measured by the plating of sorted viable infected cells) was significantly higher with n-3 fatty acids alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA). However, stearic acid (SA) and the n-6 fatty acid, arachidonic acid (ARA) did not influence S. typhimurium killing by HD11 cells. The improved S. typhimurium clearance by ALA and DHA was not associated with increased NO or O(2)(-) production by HD11 cells. These results suggest a role for n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in Salmonella clearance by chicken macrophages however in vivo studies are essential to confirm their efficacy in controlling Salmonella infection in chickens and contamination in shell eggs.
Babu
Uma
U
Immunobiology Branch, Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Rd., Laurel, MD 20708, USA. uma.babu@fda.hhs.gov
Wiesenfeld
Paddy
P
Gaines
Dennis
D
Raybourne
Richard B
RB
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
D005227:Fatty Acids; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide