Intranasal delivery of cholera toxin induces th17-dominated T-cell response to bystander antigens.
Cholera toxin (CT) is a potent vaccine adjuvant, which promotes mucosal immunity to protein antigen given by nasal route. It has been suggested that CT promotes T helper type 2 (Th2) response and suppresses Th1 response. We here report the induction of Th17-dominated responses in mice by intranasal delivery of CT. This dramatic Th17-driving effect of CT, which was dependent on the B subunit, was observed even in Th1 or Th2-favored conditions of respiratory virus infection. These dominating Th17 responses resulted in the significant neutrophil accumulation in the lungs of mice given CT. Both in vitro and in vivo treatment of CT induced strongly augmented IL-6 production, and Th17-driving ability of CT was completely abolished in IL-6 knockout mice, indicating a role of this cytokine in the Th17-dominated T-cell responses by CT. These data demonstrate a novel Th17-driving activity of CT, and help understand the mechanisms of CT adjuvanticity to demarcate T helper responses.
Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Center for Cell Signaling & Drug Discovery Research, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jee-Boong
JB
Lee
Ji-Eun
JE
Jang
Man Ki
MK
Song
Jun
J
Chang
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D024201:Bystander Effect / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000941:Antigens; D020381:Interleukin-17; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002772:Cholera Toxin