Effects of dietary factors and the NAT2 acetylator status on gastric cancer in Koreans.
Environmental dietary carcinogens and genetic polymorphisms in metabolic enzymes have been reported to be the risk factors for gastric cancer. This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of the diet, the N-acetyltransferase (NAT) 2 acetylation status and their interaction on gastric cancer risk. The study population consisted of 471 gastric cancer patients and 471 age- and sex-matched control subjects. NAT2 genotypes were identified using single-nucleotide primer extension reaction methods. Thirty-one alleles related to 12 polymorphism sites were assayed in this study. Significantly increased odds ratios were observed in former smokers (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.57-3.62), heavy drinkers (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.06-1.55) and individuals who eat well-done meat (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.09-1.41). The odds ratios (95% CI) for high intake of kimchi, stews and soybean paste were 3.27 (2.44-4.37), 1.96 (1.50-2.58) and 1.63 (1.24-2.14), respectively. The NAT2 genotype alone was not associated with gastric cancer risk. A significant gene-environment interaction was observed between environmental carcinogens and NAT2 genotypes. The odds ratios for kimchi, stews and soybean paste were higher in slow/intermediate acetylators than in rapid acetylators. The odds ratios for slow/intermediate acetylators were 2.28 (95% CI: 1.29-4.04) for light smokers and 3.42 (95% CI: 2.06-5.68) for well-done meat intake. The NAT2 acetylator genotype may be an important modifier of the effects of environmental factors on gastric cancer risk.
Zhang
Yan Wei
YW
Department of Preventive Medicine and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
Eom
Sang-Yong
SY
Kim
Yong-Dae
YD
Song
Young-Jin
YJ
Yun
Hyo-Yung
HY
Park
Joo-Seung
JS
Youn
Sei-Jin
SJ
Kim
Byung Sik
BS
Kim
Heon
H
Hein
David W
DW
D000107:Acetylation; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D002273:Carcinogens; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*
D002273:Carcinogens; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C478900:NAT2 protein, human