Acemannan stimulates gingival fibroblast proliferation; expressions of keratinocyte growth factor-1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and type I collagen; and wound healing.
Aloe vera has long been used as a traditional medicine for inducing wound healing. Gingival fibroblasts (GFs) play an important role in oral wound healing. In this study, we investigated the effects of acemannan, a polysaccharide extracted from Aloe vera gel, on GF proliferation; keratinocyte growth factor-1 (KGF-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and type I collagen production; and oral wound healing in rats. [(3)H]-Thymidine incorporation assay and ELISA were used. Punch biopsy wounds were created at the hard palate of male Sprague Dawley rats. All treatments (normal saline; 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide; plain 1% Carbopol; and Carbopol containing 0.5%, 1%, and 2% acemannan (w/w)) were applied daily. Wounded areas and histological features were observed at day 7 after treatment. From our studies, acemannan at concentrations of 2, 4, 8, and 16 mg/ml significantly induced cell proliferation (P<0.05). Acemannan concentrations between 2 - 16 mg/ml significantly stimulated KGF-1, VEGF, and type I collagen expressions (P<0.05). Wound healing of animals receiving Carbopol containing 0.5% acemannan (w/w) was significantly better than that of the other groups (P<0.05). These findings suggest that acemannan plays a significant role in the oral wound healing process via the induction of fibroblast proliferation and stimulation of KGF-1, VEGF, and type I collagen expressions.
Oral Biology Program, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Suwimon
S
Jettanacheawchankit
Siriruk
S
Sasithanasate
Polkit
P
Sangvanich
Wijit
W
Banlunara
Pasutha
P
Thunyakitpisal
D000504:Aloe / Q000737:chemistry; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005782:Gels; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008351:Mannans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
D024042:Collagen Type I; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D005782:Gels; D008351:Mannans; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D004247:DNA; C058414:acemannan