Spectrum of Epstein-Barr virus-related diseases: a pictorial review.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) prevails among more than 90% of the adult population worldwide. Most primary infections occur during young childhood and cause no or only nonspecific symptoms; then the virus becomes latent and resides in lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Inactive latent EBV usually causes no serious consequences, but once it becomes active it can cause a wide spectrum of malignancies: epithelial tumors such as nasopharyngeal and gastric carcinomas; mesenchymal tumors such as follicular dendritic cell tumor/sarcoma; and lymphoid malignancies such as Burkitt lymphoma, lymphomatoid granulomatosis, pyothorax-associated lymphoma, immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, extranodal natural killer (NK) cell/T-cell lymphoma, and Hodgkin's lymphoma. The purpose of this article is to describe the spectrum of EBV-related diseases and their key imaging findings. EBV-related lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphomas are especially common in immunocompromised patients. Awareness of their clinical settings and imaging spectrum contributes to early detection and early treatment of possibly life-threatening disorders.
Maeda
Eriko
E
Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. emaeda-tky@umin.ac.jp
Akahane
Masaaki
M
Kiryu
Shigeru
S
Kato
Nobuyuki
N
Yoshikawa
Takeharu
T
Hayashi
Naoto
N
Aoki
Shigeki
S
Minami
Manabu
M
Uozaki
Hiroshi
H
Fukayama
Masashi
M
Ohtomo
Kuni
K
D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000821:virology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed