Protein-protein interactions: a simple strategy to identify binding sites and peptide antagonists.
Secondary structure motifs and small protein domains can act as building blocks that are isolated and investigated to gain insights into protein global structure but can also modulate interactions with external partners. Most progress has been made in this field using synthetic peptides. Fragmentation of folded proteins by proteolytic enzymes that act preferentially on exposed and less structured sites can help to isolate shorter polypeptides with preserved secondary and tertiary structures that mimic the original protein architecture. Such molecules can be used as probes for structural studies and as tools for in vitro assays to select active fragments useful as agonists or antagonists of the original protein or as scaffolds for the design of more potent and selective ligands. This simple but effective proteolytic methodology has been successfully applied to determine antagonists of protein-protein interactions, allowing the identification of inhibitors with high efficacy and specificity. Here, we present several studies including the complex between phosphoprotein enriched in diabetes/phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes and phospholipase 1, believed to play a relevant role in the insulin resistance mechanism in phosphoprotein enriched in diabetes/phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes-overexpressing tissues, the self-association of BCL10 caspase recruitment domain that mediates a protein oligomerization process responsible for NF-kappaB activation and the self-association of growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible factor 45 beta, a major player of the endogenous NF-kappaB-mediated resistance to apoptosis.
Sandomenico
Annamaria
A
Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini (IBB), CNR, via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy.
Monti
Simona M
SM
Sabatella
Marco
M
De Capua
Antonia
A
Tornatore
Laura
L
Doti
Nunzianna
N
Viparelli
Francesca
F
Dathan
Nina A
NA
Pedone
Carlo
C
Ruvo
Menotti
M
Marasco
Daniela
D
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D000074018:B-Cell CLL-Lymphoma 10 Protein; D001665:Binding Sites; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D000074018:B-Cell CLL-Lymphoma 10 Protein; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010455:Peptides; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C118591:BCL10 protein, human; C086470:GADD45B protein, human; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins; C092039:PEA15 protein, human