The evolution of nuclear medicine and the musculoskeletal system.
This article reviews the evolution of nuclear medicine in the evaluation of the musculoskeletal system over the past hundred years, from autoradiography and Geiger counters and rectilinear scanners to sophisticated imaging devices that provide both functional and morphological information. Initially synonymous with bone scanning, radionuclide evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders now includes gallium, labeled leukocytes, FDG, and fluourine-18, indications and applications of which are reviewed.
Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, NY, USA. palestro@lij.edu
Christopher J
CJ
Palestro
Charito
C
Love
Robert
R
Schneider
D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009141:Musculoskeletal System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009683:Nuclear Medicine / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods
D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18