Siderophores of Marinobacter aquaeolei: petrobactin and its sulfonated derivatives.
Siderophores are low molecular weight, high-affinity iron(III) ligands, produced by bacteria to solubilize and promote iron uptake under low iron conditions. Two prominent structural features characterize the majority of the marine siderophores discovered so far: (1) a predominance of suites of amphiphilic siderophores composed of an iron(III)-binding headgroup that is appended by one or two of a series of fatty acids and (2) a prevalence of siderophores that contain alpha-hydroxycarboxylic acid moieties (e.g., beta-hydroxyaspartic acid or citric acid) which are photoreactive when coordinated to Fe(III). Variation of the fatty acid chain length affects the relative amphiphilicity within a suite of siderophores. Catecholate sulfonation is another structural variation that would affect the hydrophilicity of a siderophore. In addition to a review of the marine amphiphilic siderophores, we report the production of petrobactin disulfonate by Marinobacter aquaeolei VT8.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, 93106-9510, USA.
Vanessa V
VV
Homann
Katrina J
KJ
Edwards
Eric A
EA
Webb
Alison
A
Butler
D001549:Benzamides / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D053520:Marinobacter / Q000378:metabolism*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D017262:Siderophores / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
D001549:Benzamides; D017262:Siderophores; C450699:petrobactin