Discrete, dispersible MnAs nanocrystals from solution methods: phase control on the nanoscale and magnetic consequences.
Nanocrystals of thermodynamically stable alpha-MnAs (hexagonal NiAs-type) and metastable beta-MnAs (orthorhombic MnP-type) have been synthesized by the reaction of triphenylarsine oxide (Ph(3)AsO) and dimanganesedecacarbonyl (Mn(2)CO(10)) at temperatures ranging from 250 to 330 degrees C in the presence of the coordinating solvent trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO). Morphologically, both alpha- and beta-MnAs nanoparticles adopt a core-shell type structure with a crystalline core and low-contrast noncrystalline shell. In contrast to prior studies on MnAs particles, disks, and films, the present bottom-up synthesis yields discrete, dispersible MnAs nanoparticles without a structural support. Even in the absence of epitaxial strain, the lattice parameters of the nanocrystals are decreased relative to bulk MnAs, resulting in a volume decrease of 0.35% in alpha-MnAs and 0.38% in beta-MnAs nanoparticles. In contrast to bulk MnAs, where the ferromagnetic phase transition upon warming through 313-317 K is concomitant with a structure change from ferromagnetic alpha- to paramagnetic beta-MnAs, powder X-ray diffraction studies suggest there is no conversion of alpha-MnAs to beta over the temperature range 298-343 K. Moreover, magnetic measurements suggest that both alpha- and beta-MnAs are ferromagnetic with T(C) approximately 315 K. Partial phase transformation of beta-MnAs nanoparticles into thermodynamically stable alpha-MnAs occurs slowly over time (i.e., months) at room temperature. However, there is no associated change in magnetization, suggesting the ferromagnetism observed in beta-MnAs is intrinsic and cannot be attributed to alpha-MnAs impurities.
Senevirathne
Keerthi
K
Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
Tackett
Ronald
R
Kharel
Parashu Ram
PR
Lawes
Gavin
G
Somaskandan
Kanchana
K
Brock
Stephanie L
SL
D001151:Arsenic / Q000737:chemistry*; D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods*; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry; D008280:Magnetics; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry*; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D044367:Phase Transition; D012996:Solutions; D013499:Surface Properties
D003102:Colloids; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D012996:Solutions; D008345:Manganese; D001151:Arsenic