Prevalence of congenital cardiovascular malformations varies by race and ethnicity.
BACKGROUND
Congenital cardiovascular malformations (CCVMs) are the most common forms of congenital defects, contributing to morbidity and mortality in neonates but information on the association of CCVMs and race is limited. This study aims to determine prevalence of congenital cardiovascular malformations (CCVMs) in the Hudson Valley Region (HVR) of NY State (NYS) by race and ethnicity.


METHODS
NYS Department of Health Vital Statistics and Congenital Malformations Registry data were obtained by race and ethnicity (1992-2001) across the HVR. Live-birth cases that were diagnosed up to 2 years of age were included in year-of-birth registration. Prevalence was calculated using race/ethnic specific births. Poisson regression models, adjusting for number of live births by race, time and county, as specified were used for analysis.


RESULTS
There were 3075 CCVMs of 2303 children from a birth population of 235,230. Overall prevalence of CCVMs was highest for Non-Hispanic White (NHW; 14.4/1000 live births) followed by Non-Hispanic Black (12.8/1000 live births), Others (12.5/1000 live births), and then Hispanics (8.8/1000 live births). Similarly, the risk ratio of all CCVMs was lowest for Hispanics. Hispanics had a lower risk as compared to NHW in each CCVM category except with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and patent ductus arteriosus. There were minimal temporal and regional differences.


CONCLUSIONS
In the HVR, all CCVMs and specific anomalies have the highest prevalence in NHW with Hispanics consistently maintaining a lower risk.
Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Maimonides Infants and Children's Hospital of Brooklyn, United States.
Tania
T
Mangones
Amitoz
A
Manhas
Paul
P
Visintainer
Cheryl
C
Hunter-Grant
Heather L
HL
Brumberg
D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000208:ethnology*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001741:Black or African American