Dynamic reprogramming of transcription factors to and from the subtelomere.
Transcription factors are most commonly thought of as proteins that regulate expression of specific genes, independently of the order of those genes along the chromosome. By screening genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) profiles in yeast, we find that more than 10% of DNA-binding transcription factors concentrate at the subtelomeric regions near to chromosome ends. None of the proteins identified were previously implicated in regulation at telomeres, yet genomic and proteomic studies reveal that a subset of factors show many interactions with established telomere binding complexes. For many factors, the subtelomeric binding pattern is dynamic and undergoes flux toward or away from the telomere as physiological conditions shift. We find that subtelomeric binding is dependent on environmental conditions and correlates with the induction of gene expression in response to stress. Taken together, these results underscore the importance of genome structure in understanding the regulatory dynamics of transcriptional networks.
Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
H Craig
HC
Mak
Lorraine
L
Pillus
Trey
T
Ideker
D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006570:Heterochromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D011485:Protein Binding; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016615:Telomere / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006570:Heterochromatin; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D002244:Carbon