Insulin resistance induced by glucosamine in fructose-fed rats.
Glucosamine has been widely used to treat osteoporosis in clinic and it shows an effect on hexosamine biosynthetic pathway in glucose-induced insulin resistance. However, glucosamine and chronic hyperglycemia is not correlative. Thus, we used C (2)C (12) cell line to carry out the uptake assay of 2-[14C]-deoxy-d-glucose and [3H]-glucosamine. Glucosamine inhibited the in vitro glucose uptake in a concentration-dependent manner. The glucose transporter GLUT4 prepared for [3H]-glucosamine uptake showed a concentration-dependent competition between glucose and glucosamine uptake. The effects of glucosamine on glucose tolerance and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) were also determined in normal Wistar and fructose-fed rats. Both plasma glucose levels and/or HOMA index were not changed in normal rats treated with glucosamine as compared with the saline-treated control. However, we found that glucosamine exhibited an effect on the expression of farnesoid X receptor in liver to exacerbate the values of HOMA and accelerate the development of insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. Thus, glucosamine should be applied with caution in type-2 diabetic patients.
Chien
C-S
CS
Department of Orthopaedics, Chi-Mei Foundation Hospital, Yang Kang City, Tainan County, Taiwan, ROC.
Cheng
S-C
SC
Wu
H-T
HT
Tsao
C-W
CW
Cheng
J-T
JT
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated
D005632:Fructose; D005944:Glucosamine; D005947:Glucose; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D000099150:Receptor, Farnesoid X-Activated; C495693:Slc2a4 protein, mouse