InforMatrix for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
The purpose of this review is to facilitate discussion on drug selection for the treatment of ADHD by using only clinically relevant selection criteria and providing an up-to-date overview. The InforMatrix method was used to select drugs to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The following selection criteria were applied: clinical efficacy, safety, tolerability, ease of use, applicability, and cost. The drugs approved for ADHD in the Netherlands were included in the analysis, namely: atomoxetine, immediate-release methylphenidate, and various formulations of slow-release methylphenidate (Concerta, Equasym and Medikinet). Most studies are of limited quality, duration, and size. In one study, Concerta was more effective than atomoxetine. Although no relevant differences were seen in other comparative studies, the clinical experience with atomoxetine is still limited and unexpected toxicity cannot be excluded; few studies have been published with Equasym and Medikinet. No major differences were seen in general tolerability between the drugs. The ease of use of immediate-release methylphenidate is less than for the other drugs. The acquisition cost of immediate-release methylphenidate is considerably lower than that of the slow-release formulations. Atomoxetine is the most expensive drug. The InforMatrix program is available in an interactive format. It enables the user to judge both the importance of the selection criteria and the properties of each therapeutic option per criterion on the basis of his or her own personal expertise and/or the present document.
Hospital Pharmacist, Clinical Pharmacologist Maasland Ziekenhuis, Postbus, Sittard, The Netherlands. r.janknegt@orbisconcern.nl
Robert
R
Janknegt
Adrianne
A
Faber
Rob
R
Rodrigues Pereira
Luuk J
LJ
Kalverdijk
D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000191:economics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000191:economics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011437:Propylamines / Q000191:economics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use
D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D011437:Propylamines; D008774:Methylphenidate; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride