NOTES and endoscopic pancreatic necrosectomy for the GI endoscopist.
Endoscopists seek to conduct more aggressive surgical procedures that surpass the limitations of existing endoscopic procedures. Endoscopic pancreatic necrosectomy and natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) are typical examples of this new trend; both are performed through the gastrointestinal wall without a skin incision. Endoscopic necrosectomy is effective for managing organized pancreatic necrosis and abscesses. The necrotic tissues are removed endoscopically by directly entering the cavity of the organized pancreatic necrosis. NOTES is a possible advance over surgical intervention, as it is a less invasive, more cosmetic, and effective procedure. There are various approaches, including the esophagus, stomach, colon, and vagina; Various procedures are possible using NOTES, such as cholecystectomy, appendectomy, full-thickness stomach resection, splenectomy, gastrointestinal (GI) anastomosis, and peritoneoscopy. The requirements for NOTES include high proficiency in endoscopic techniques, including knowledge of various devices, anatomy, and surgical procedures. Since most GI endoscopists have no surgical background, to increase the usage of NOTES, GI endoscopists should form and lead teams that include various specialists. We believe that endoscopic necrosectomy and NOTES represent a major shift in the treatment paradigm because physicians can treat beyond the gastrointestinal wall and endoscopic procedures will replace surgical treatment.
Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. isayama-tky@umin.ac.jp
Hiroyuki
H
Isayama
Keisuke
K
Yamamoto
Suguru
S
Mizuno
Yoko
Y
Yashima
Osamu
O
Togawa
Hirofumi
H
Kogure
Takashi
T
Sasaki
Naoki
N
Sasahira
Yousuke
Y
Nakai
Kenji
K
Hirano
Takeshi
T
Tsujino
Minoru
M
Tada
Takao
T
Kawabe
Masao
M
Omata
D000368:Aged; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D009336:Necrosis / Q000601:surgery; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010180:Pancreatectomy / Q000379:methods; D019283:Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome