Lethal and sublethal effects of simvastatin, irgarol, and PBDE-47 on the estuarine fish, Fundulus heteroclitus.
This study investigated the effects of simvastatin, a lipid-regulating drug; irgarol, an antifouling biocide; and PBDE-47, a brominated flame retardant, on the estuarine fish, Fundulus heteroclitus. Sublethal effects (changes in glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (LPx), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and cholesterol (CHL) levels) and lethal effects (survival) were determined after individual exposure to the three compounds. There were no significant differences in GSH or CHL levels in fish exposed to any of the test compounds. LPx levels significantly decreased with increasing irgarol concentrations. AChE levels were significantly lower in fish exposed to simvastatin at the 1.25 mg/L concentration and significantly higher at the PBDE-47 concentration of 0.0125 mg/L. The LC50 values were 2.68, 3.22, and > 0.1 mg/L for simvastatin, irgarol and PBDE-47, respectively.
Key
Peter B
PB
National Ocean Service, Center for Coastal Environmental Health and Biomolecular Research, Charleston, South Carolina, USA. pete.key@noaa.gov
Hoguet
Jennifer
J
Chung
Katy W
KW
Venturella
John J
JJ
Pennington
Paul L
PL
Fulton
Michael H
MH
D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000633:toxicity; D023781:Fundulidae; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000633:toxicity*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000633:toxicity*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014227:Triazines / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006540:Herbicides; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D014227:Triazines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether; C103341:irgarol 1051; D019821:Simvastatin