Development of occlusal traits and dental arch space from adolescence to adulthood: a 25-year follow-up study of 245 untreated subjects.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to examine longitudinally the development of specific occlusal traits and space conditions in an Icelandic sample.


METHODS
The sample comprised 245 adolescents examined clinically in the late mixed or permanent dentition and again 25 years later. All subjects were orthodontically untreated, and all had the full complement of teeth at both examinations.


RESULTS
A significant increase in the prevalence of mandibular anterior crowding and mesial molar relationships and a decrease in the prevalence of excessive overjet and maxillary anterior spacing were seen. The persistence of malocclusion traits ranged from 17.9% to 53.4% for maxillary anterior spacing and crowding, mandibular spacing, overjet, overbite, and distal molar occlusion, whereas anterior mandibular crowding and molar crossbite were still found in 72.7% and 75.0%, respectively, at the second examination. Normal occlusal traits and space conditions at adolescence stayed mostly unchanged, with the exception of 11.2% of the subjects, who developed mandibular anterior crowding between the first and second examinations.


CONCLUSIONS
Deterioration of normal occlusal traits and space relationships was uncommon in this study, whereas self-correction of malocclusion traits and space anomalies was relatively frequent.
Jonsson
Teitur
T
Faculty of Odontology, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland. tj@hi.is
Arnlaugsson
Sigurjon
S
Saemundsson
Sigurdur Runar
SR
Magnusson
Thordur Eydal
TE
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000254:growth & development*; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D003818:Dentition, Mixed; D019229:Dentition, Permanent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008334:Mandible / Q000254:growth & development*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000254:growth & development*; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D012016:Reference Values; D055815:Young Adult