Intra-rater repeatability of the Oxford foot model in healthy children in different stages of the foot roll over process during gait.
BACKGROUND
The repeatability of the Oxford foot model has been reported, but possible variations in the repeatability during the foot roll over process have not been examined. The aim of this study was to determine the relative and absolute repeatability of the model for each stage of the foot roll over process during gait and to compare foot kinematic data from this study with that from another centre as a preliminary examination of the model's inter-centre repeatability and validity.


METHODS
Eight healthy children were tested twice at the gait laboratory. Foot kinematics from this study were plotted against those from an earlier repeatability study and repeatability statistics calculated for the three rockers of stance phase and swing phase.


RESULTS
Foot kinematics from this study and an earlier repeatability study produced similar kinematic patterns and joint angle ranges, but there were offsets in the absolute joint angles in the frontal and transverse planes. Relative and absolute repeatability were best in the sagittal plane (flexion/extension) with the poorest repeatability in the transverse plane (rotation and abduction/adduction). There was little difference in repeatability between the three rockers. Typical error of measurement varied between planes and segments from 0.9 degrees for maximum forefoot dorsiflexion in second rocker to 8.6 degrees for maximum hindfoot internal rotation in first rocker.


CONCLUSIONS
Repeatability varied markedly between planes and segments but was consistent throughout the gait cycle. Further studies are needed to determine the inter-centre repeatability and validity of the model.
Curtis
D J
DJ
Gait Analysis Laboratory, Dept of Orthopedic Surgery, Hvidovre University Hospital, Kettegaard Allé 30, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark. derek.curtis@hvh.regionh.dk
Bencke
J
J
Stebbins
J A
JA
Stansfield
B
B
D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000502:physiology*; D005545:Forefoot, Human / Q000502:physiology; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D015588:Observer Variation; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity