Hexavalent bispecific antibodies represent a new class of anticancer therapeutics: 1. Properties of anti-CD20/CD22 antibodies in lymphoma.
The dock and lock (DNL) method is a new technology for generating multivalent antibodies. Here, we report in vitro and in vivo characterizations of 20-22 and 22-20, a pair of humanized hexavalent anti-CD20/22 bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) derived from veltuzumab (v-mab) and epratuzumab (e-mab). The 22-20 was made by site-specific conjugation of e-mab to 4 Fabs of v-mab; 20-22 is of the opposite configuration, composing v-mab and 4 Fabs of e-mab. Each bsAb translocates both CD22 and CD20 into lipid rafts, induces apoptosis and growth inhibition without second-antibody crosslinking, and is significantly more potent in killing lymphoma cells in vitro than their parental antibodies. Although both bsAbs triggered antibody-dependent cellular toxicity, neither displayed complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Intriguingly, 22-20 and 20-22 killed human lymphoma cells in preference to normal B cells ex vivo, whereas the parental v-mab depleted malignant and normal B cells equally. In vivo studies in Daudi tumors revealed 20-22, despite having a shorter serum half-life, had antitumor efficacy comparable with equimolar v-mab; 22-20 was less potent than 20-22 but more effective than e-mab and control bsAbs. These results indicate multiple advantages of hexavalent anti-CD20/22 bsAbs over the individual parental antibodies and suggest that these may represent a new class of cancer therapeutics.
Rossi
Edmund A
EA
IBC Pharmaceuticals, Morris Plains, NJ 07950, USA. erossi@immunomedics.com
Goldenberg
David M
DM
Cardillo
Thomas M
TM
Stein
Rhona
R
Chang
Chien-Hsing
CH
D000818:Animals; D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D018951:Antigens, CD20 / Q000276:immunology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2 / Q000276:immunology*; D015996:Survival Rate
D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018951:Antigens, CD20; D051918:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2; D020169:Caspases; D002118:Calcium