Intravascular lymphomatosis initially suspected from uterine cytology: a case report.
BACKGROUND
Because recognizable lesions are often absent, selection of biopsy sites for diagnosis of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVL) is frequently problematic.


METHODS
A 59-year-old woman was admitted with fever and general fatigue. Combined physical and roentgenographic examinations revealed neither lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly nor mass lesions in other organs. Serum lactate dehydrogenase level was 1412 IU/L. There were no genital symptoms, but uterine cytologic examination revealed large cells distributed in a noncohesive pattern. These cells had a large, irregularly shaped nucleus in which several nucleoli were discernible and showed positive immunoreactivity for leukocyte common antigen. Three months after admission, neurologic symptoms appeared, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple nodular lesions in the brain. Biopsy specimens from the brain lesion showed the proliferation of large lymphoid cells filling the lumina of small vessels and Virchow-Robin's space. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a but negative for CD3, indicative of IVL.


CONCLUSIONS
Uterine cytologic and/or histologic examinations could be the choice for diagnosis of IVL, even when genital symptoms are absent.
Nakamichi
Itsuko
I
Department of Pathology, Osaka University Graduate school of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Shimazu
Kouki
K
Ikeda
Jun-ichiro
J
Yamauchi
Amane
A
Ishiko
Jun
J
Mizuki
Masao
M
Kanakura
Yuzuru
Y
Aozasa
Katsuyuki
K
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019043:Vascular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*