Plant uptake of radiocaesium from artificially contaminated soil monoliths covering major European soil types.
Uptake of (137)Cs was measured in different agricultural plant species (beans, lettuce, barley and ryegrass) grown in 5 undisturbed soil monoliths covering major European soil types. The first cultivation was made three years after soil contamination and plants were grown during 3 successive years. The plant-soil (137)Cs transfer factors varied maximally 12-fold among soils and 35-fold among species when grown on the same soil. Single correlations between transfer factors and soil properties were found, but they varied widely with plant type and can hardly be used as a predictive tool because of the few soils used. The variation of (137)Cs concentrations in plants among soils was related to differences in soil solution (137)Cs and K concentrations, consistent with previous observations in hydroponics and pot trials. Absolute values of transfer factors could not be predicted based on a model validated for pot trials. The (137)Cs activity concentration in soil solution decreased significantly (11- to 250-fold) for most soils in the 1997-1999 period and is partly explained by decreasing K in soil solution. Transfer factors of lettuce showed both increasing and decreasing trends between 2 consecutive years depending on soil type. The trends could be explained by the variation in (137)Cs and K concentrations in soil solution. It is concluded that differences in (137)Cs transfer factors among soils and trends in transfer factors as a function of time can be explained from soil solution composition, as shown previously for pot trials, although absolute values of transfer factors could not be predicted.
Waegeneers
Nadia
N
Laboratory for Soil and Water Management, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium. nadia.waegeneers@agr.kuleuven.ac.be
Sauras-Yera
Teresa
T
Thiry
Yves
Y
Vallejo
V Ramón
VR
Smolders
Erik
E
Madoz-Escande
Chantal
C
Bréchignac
François
F
D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005060:Europe; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D001467:Hordeum / Q000378:metabolism; D018545:Lactuca / Q000378:metabolism; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000378:metabolism*
D002588:Cesium Radioisotopes; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive