Astaxanthin protects neuronal cells against oxidative damage and is a potent candidate for brain food.
Astaxanthin (AST) is a powerful antioxidant that occurs naturally in a wide variety of living organisms. Based on the report claiming that AST could cross the brain-blood barrier, the aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of AST by using an oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell damage system. The treatment with DHA hydroperoxide (DHA-OOH) or 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), either of which is a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-inducing neurotoxin, led to a significant decrease in viable dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells by the MTT assay, whereas a significant protection was shown when the cells were pretreated with AST. Moreover, 100 nM AST pretreatment significantly inhibited intracellular ROS generation that occurred in either DHA-OOH- or 6-OHDA-treated cells. The neuroprotective effect of AST is suggested to be dependent upon its antioxidant potential and mitochondria protection; therefore, it is strongly suggested that treatment with AST may be effective for oxidative stress-associated neurodegeneration and a potential candidate for natural brain food.
Xuebo
X
Liu
Toshihiko
T
Osawa
D018663:Adrenergic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic / Q000379:methods; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000008:administration & dosage; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
D018663:Adrenergic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009498:Neurotoxins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D024341:Xanthophylls; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; C037169:docosahexaenoic acid hydroperoxide; D016627:Oxidopamine; C005948:astaxanthine