The cardioprotective effects elicited by p66(Shc) ablation demonstrate the crucial role of mitochondrial ROS formation in ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Although a major contribution to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is suggested to be provided by formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within mitochondria, sites and mechanisms are far from being elucidated. Besides a dysfunctional respiratory chain, other mitochondrial components, such as monoamine oxidase and p66(Shc), might be involved in oxidative stress. In particular, p66(Shc) has been shown to catalyze the formation of H(2)O(2). The relationship among p66(Shc), ROS production and cardiac damage was investigated by comparing hearts from p66(Shc) knockout mice (p66(Shc-/-)) and wild-type (WT) littermates. Perfused hearts were subjected to 40 min of global ischemia followed by 15 min of reperfusion. Hearts devoid of p66(Shc) were significantly protected from I/R insult as shown by (i) reduced release of lactate dehydrogenase in the coronary effluent (25.7+/-7.49% in p66(Shc-/-) vs. 39.58+/-5.17% in WT); (ii) decreased oxidative stress as shown by a 63% decrease in malondialdehyde formation and 40+/-8% decrease in tropomyosin oxidation. The degree of protection was independent of aging. The cardioprotective efficacy associated with p66(Shc) ablation was comparable with that afforded by other antioxidant interventions and could not be increased by antioxidant co-administration suggesting that p66(Shc) is downstream of other pathways involved in ROS formation. In addition, the absence of p66(Shc) did not affect the protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning. In conclusion, the absence of p66(Shc) reduces the susceptibility to reperfusion injury by preventing oxidative stress. The present findings provide solid and direct evidence that mitochondrial ROS formation catalyzed by p66(Shc) is causally related to reperfusion damage.
Carpi
Andrea
A
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Italy; European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
Menabò
Roberta
R
Kaludercic
Nina
N
Pelicci
Piergiuseppe
P
Di Lisa
Fabio
F
Giorgio
Marco
M
D000818:Animals; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D055765:Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071425:Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014335:Tropomyosin / Q000276:immunology
D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D055765:Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins; C528034:Shc1 protein, mouse; D000071425:Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014335:Tropomyosin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase