Interdimensional universality of dynamic interfaces.
Despite the complexity and diversity of nature, there exists universality in the form of critical scaling laws among various dissimilar systems and processes such as stock markets, earthquakes, crackling noise, lung inflation and vortices in superconductors. This universality is mainly independent of the microscopic details, depending only on the symmetry and dimension of the system. Exploring how universality is affected by the system dimensions is an important unresolved problem. Here we demonstrate experimentally that universality persists even at a dimensionality crossover in ferromagnetic nanowires. As the wire width decreases, the magnetic domain wall dynamics changes from elastic creep in two dimensions to a particle-like stochastic behaviour in one dimension. Applying finite-size scaling, we find that all our experimental data in one and two dimensions (including the crossover regime) collapse onto a single curve, signalling universality at the criticality transition. The crossover to the one-dimensional regime occurs at a few hundred nanometres, corresponding to the integration scale for modern nanodevices.
Kim
Kab-Jin
KJ
Center for Subwavelength Optics and School of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
Lee
Jae-Chul
JC
Ahn
Sung-Min
SM
Lee
Kang-Soo
KS
Lee
Chang-Won
CW
Cho
Young Jin
YJ
Seo
Sunae
S
Shin
Kyung-Ho
KH
Choe
Sug-Bong
SB
Lee
Hyun-Woo
HW