Suppression of tumor growth by palm tocotrienols via the attenuation of angiogenesis.
Previous studies have revealed that tocotrienol-rich fractions (TRF) from palm oil inhibit the proliferation and the growth of solid tumors. The anticancer activity of TRF is said to be caused by several mechanisms, one of which is antiangiogenesis. In this study, we looked at the antiangiogenic effects of TRF. In vitro investigations of the antiangiogenic activities of TRF, delta-tocotrienol (deltaT3), and alpha-tocopherol (alphaToc) were carried out in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). TRF and deltaT3 significantly inhibited cell proliferation from 4 microg/ml onward (P < 0.05). Cell migration was inhibited the most by deltaT3 at 12 microg/ml. Anti-angiogenic properties of TRF were carried out further in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and BALB/c mice model. TRF at 200 microg/ml reduced the vascular network on CAM. TRF treatment of 1 mg/mouse significantly reduced 4T1 tumor volume in BALB/c mice. TRF significantly reduced serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level in BALB/c mice. In conclusion, this study showed that palm tocotrienols exhibit anti-angiogenic properties that may assist in tumor regression.
Weng-Yew
Wong
W
Malaysian Palm Oil Board, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Selvaduray
Kanga Rani
KR
Ming
Cheng Hwee
CH
Nesaretnam
Kalanithi
K
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D010938:Plant Oils; D024508:Tocotrienols; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000073878:Palm Oil