Antibody-mediated xenograft injury: mechanisms and protective strategies.
The use of porcine organs for clinical transplantation is a promising potential solution to the shortage of human organs. Preformed anti-pig antibody is the primary cause of hyperacute rejection, while elicited antibody can contribute to subsequent "delayed" xenograft rejection. This article will review recent progress to overcome antibody mediated xenograft rejection, through modification of the host immunity and use of genetically engineered pig organs.
Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine and Baltimore VAMC, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. rpierson@smail.umaryland.edu
Richard N
RN
Pierson
D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000276:immunology; D003167:Complement Activation; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005700:Galactosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D016377:Organ Transplantation; D011323:Primates; D013552:Swine; D013927:Thrombosis; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000276:immunology*
D000910:Antibodies, Heterophile; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D005700:Galactosyltransferases