Surgical considerations of spinal ependymomas in the pediatric population.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this manuscript is to discuss current management strategies regarding pediatric patients with intramedullary spinal cord ependymomas. Spinal ependymoma is the second most common spinal cord tumor in children. The clinical evaluation of these patients, operative techniques, postoperative management considerations, and long-term outcomes are discussed.


BACKGROUND
The gold standard for the treatment of spinal ependymoma continues to be gross total resection. Patients with residual tumor postoperatively may benefit from adjuvant radiation therapy. Intraoperative monitoring is critical to minimize permanent postoperative neurologic deficit.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients requiring multilevel laminectomy may benefit from concomitant laminoplasty or instrumented fusion to avoid progressive spinal column deformity.
Hsu
Wesley
W
Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Meyer Bldg. 8-161, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. weshsu@jhmi.edu
Pradilla
Gustavo
G
Constantini
Shlomi
S
Jallo
George I
GI
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004806:Ependymoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007796:Laminectomy / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery; D013120:Spinal Cord Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome