Cell movements at Hensen's node establish left/right asymmetric gene expression in the chick.
In vertebrates, the readily apparent left/right (L/R) anatomical asymmetries of the internal organs can be traced to molecular events initiated at or near the time of gastrulation. However, the earliest steps of this process do not seem to be universally conserved. In particular, how this axis is first defined in chicks has remained problematic. Here we show that asymmetric cell rearrangements take place within chick embryos, creating a leftward movement of cells around the node. It is the relative displacement of cells expressing sonic hedgehog (Shh) and fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8) that is responsible for establishing their asymmetric expression patterns. The creation of asymmetric expression domains as a passive effect of cell movements represents an alternative strategy for breaking L/R symmetry in gene activity.
Gros
Jerome
J
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Feistel
Kerstin
K
Viebahn
Christoph
C
Blum
Martin
M
Tabin
Clifford J
CJ
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D019521:Body Patterning; D002465:Cell Movement; D002642:Chick Embryo; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 / Q000235:genetics; D054262:Gastrulation; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020897:Organizers, Embryonic / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054240:Primitive Streak / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000196:embryology; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8