CDDO-Im protects from acetaminophen hepatotoxicity through induction of Nrf2-dependent genes.
CDDO-Im is a synthetic triterpenoid recently shown to induce cytoprotective genes through the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway, an important mechanism for the induction of cytoprotective genes in response to oxidative stress. Upon oxidative or electrophilic insult, the transcription factor Nrf2 translocates to the nucleus, heterodimerizes with small Maf proteins, and binds to antioxidant response elements (AREs) in the upstream promoter regions of various cytoprotective genes. To further elucidate the hepatoprotective effects of CDDO-Im, wild-type and Nrf2-null mice were pretreated with CDDO-Im (1 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle (DMSO), and then administered acetaminophen (500 mg/kg, i.p.). Pretreatment of wild-type mice with CDDO-Im reduced liver injury caused by acetaminophen. In contrast, hepatoprotection by CDDO-Im was not observed in Nrf2-null mice. CDDO-Im increased Nrf2 protein expression and Nrf2-ARE binding in wild-type, but not Nrf2-null mice. Furthermore, CDDO-Im increased the mRNA expression of the Nrf2 target genes NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (Nqo1); glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit (Gclc); and heme-oxygenase-1 (Ho-1), in both a dose- and time-dependent manner. Conversely, CDDO-Im did not induce Nqo1, Gclc, and Ho-1 mRNA expression in Nrf2-null mice. Collectively, the present study shows that CDDO-Im pretreatment induces Nrf2-dependent cytoprotective genes and protects the liver from acetaminophen-induced hepatic injury.
Reisman
Scott A
SA
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160-7417, USA.
Buckley
David B
DB
Tanaka
Yuji
Y
Klaassen
Curtis D
CD
D000082:Acetaminophen; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005721:Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009336:Necrosis; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements; D013997:Time Factors
C472829:1-(2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9-dien-28-oyl) imidazole; D000975:Antioxidants; D007093:Imidazoles; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495636:Nfe2l2 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000082:Acetaminophen; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C496542:Hmox1 protein, mouse; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C491732:Nqo1 protein, mouse; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D005721:Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase