Human cord blood CD133+ stem cells transplanted to nod-scid mice provide conditions for regeneration of olfactory neuroepithelium after permanent damage induced by dichlobenil.
The herbicide dichlobenil selectively causes necrosis of the dorsomedial part of olfactory neuroepithelium (NE) with permanent damage to the underlying mucosa, whereas the lateral part of the olfactory region and the nasal respiratory mucosa remain undamaged. We investigated here whether human umbilical cord blood CD133(+) stem cells (HSC) injected intravenously to nod-scid mice pretreated with dichlobenil may engraft the olfactory mucosa and contribute to the regeneration of the damaged NE. We tested HLA-DQalpha1 DNA and three human microsatellites (Combined DNA Index System) as indicators of engrafted cells, finding polymerase chain reaction evidence of chimaerism in various tissues of the host, including the olfactory mucosa and bulb, at 7 and 31 days following HSC transplantation. Histology, immunohistochemistry, and lectin staining revealed the morphological recovery of the dorsomedial region of the NE in dichlobenil-treated mice that received HSC, contrasting with the lack of regeneration in similarly injured areas as these remained damaged in control nontransplanted mice. FISH analysis, to detect human genomic sequences from different chromosomes, confirmed persistent engraftment of the regenerating olfactory area with chimeric cells. Electro-olfactograms in response to odorants, to test the functionality of the olfactory NE, confirmed the functional damage of the dorsomedial area in dichlobenil-treated mice and the functional recovery of the same area in transplanted mice. These findings support the concept that transplanted HSC migrating to the damaged olfactory area provide conditions facilitating the recovery from olfactory receptor cell loss.
Franceschini
Valeria
V
Department of Experimental Evolutionary Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. valeria.franceschini@unibo.it
Bettini
Simone
S
Pifferi
Simone
S
Rosellini
Alfredo
A
Menini
Anna
A
Saccardi
Ricardo
R
Ognio
Emanuela
E
Jeffery
Rosemary
R
Poulsom
Richard
R
Revoltella
Roberto P
RP
D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000633:toxicity; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D018034:Olfactory Receptor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012038:Regeneration
D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006540:Herbicides; D009570:Nitriles; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides; C000606024:Prom1 protein, mouse; C055869:dichlobanil