Adherence to Mediterranean diet is favorably associated with metabolic parameters in HIV-positive patients with the highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced metabolic syndrome and lipodystrophy.
The objective of the study was to investigate whether closer adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with metabolic aspects of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-induced metabolic syndrome (fat redistribution [FR], insulin resistance, dyslipidemia) in HIV-positive patients. This was a cross-sectional study. Two hundred twenty-seven HIV-infected patients were evaluated during a single outpatient visit to the General Clinical Research Center of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. Usual dietary intake and physical activity habits were evaluated; the Mediterranean Diet Score (MedDietScore) was calculated. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, computed tomographic findings, anthropometrics, and data from the study interviews and questionnaires were used for the assessment of body composition using specific criteria. A complete metabolic profile was available for all subjects. In the entire study sample, a weak inverse association was found between insulin resistance, estimated using the homeostasis model assessment, and MedDietScore (standardized beta = -0.15, P = .03). Interaction models revealed that this was largely driven by an inverse association in patients with FR (standardized beta = -0.13, P = .02). Moreover, MedDietScore was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (standardized beta = 0.15, P = .01) and marginally negatively associated with circulating triglyceride levels (standardized beta = -0.16, P = .13) in this group of patients. Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern was favorably related to cardiovascular risk factors in HIV-positive patients with FR. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm our data in different populations and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Tsiodras
Sotiris
S
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Poulia
Kalliopi-Anna
KA
Yannakoulia
Mary
M
Chimienti
Sonia N
SN
Wadhwa
Sanjivini
S
Karchmer
Adolf W
AW
Mantzoros
Christos S
CS
D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001823:Body Composition; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007557:Israel; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008660:Metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D012648:Self Care; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides