Ecstasy analysis by monolithic materials-capillary electrochromatography.
Monolithic columns were successfully prepared and used with capillary electrochromatography for the analysis of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in ecstasy tablets and its metabolites in urine samples. Cationic and neutral monolith columns provided better efficiencies than anionic monoliths. The neutral butyl methacrylate (BMA) monolith column provided symmetrical peaks with the highest efficiency, high resolution and short analysis times. The developed method using BMA monolithic column provided the detection limits for MDMA and its metabolites at 1 microg mL(-1) with excellent intra-day and inter-day precision and linearity from 7.5 to 100 microg mL(-1) (R(2) > or = 0.99). MDMA was found as the main component in ecstasy tablets while 4-hydroxy-3-methoxymethamphetamine as the major metabolite in urine samples. High recoveries (97% for MDMA from tablets and 84-102% for its metabolites from urine samples) were obtained using simple ultrasonic extraction for ecstasy tablets and liquid-liquid extraction for urine samples.
Choodum
Aree
A
Trace Analysis and Biosensor Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
Thavarungkul
Panote
P
Kanatharana
Proespichaya
P
Smith
Norman W
NW
D015104:3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D053801:Capillary Electrochromatography; D053841:Electroosmosis; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013607:Tablets; D013997:Time Factors
D013607:Tablets; D015104:3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine