Gastric cancer in the era of molecularly targeted agents: current drug development strategies.
Gastric cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death worldwide with approximately one million cases diagnosed annually. Despite considerable improvements in surgical techniques, innovations in clinical diagnostics and the development of new chemotherapy regimens, the clinical outcome for patients with advanced gastric cancer and cancer of the GEJ is generally poor with 5-year survival rates ranging between 5 and 15%. The understanding of cancer relevant events has resulted in new therapeutic strategies, particularly in developing of new molecular targeted agents. These agents have the ability to target a variety of cancer relevant receptors and downstream pathways including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGFR), the c-Met pathway, cell-cycle pathways, and down-stream signalling pathways such as the Akt-PI3k-mTOR pathway. In the era of new molecularly targeted agents this review focuses on recent developments of targeting relevant pathways involved in gastric cancer and cancer of the GEJ.
Arkenau
Hendrik-Tobias
HT
The Medical Professorial Unit, Prince of Wales Medical School, University of New South Wales, Level 1, South Wing, Edmund Blacket Building, Avoca Street, Sydney, NSW, 2031, Australia. ht.arkenau@unsw.edu.au
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor / Q000379:methods*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface