Chebulagic acid (CA) attenuates LPS-induced inflammation by suppressing NF-kappaB and MAPK activation in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
Chebulagic acid (CA), a natural anti-oxidant, showed potent anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7, a mouse macrophage cell line. These effects were exerted via inhibition of NO and PGE2 production and down-regulation of iNOS, COX-2, 5-LOX, TNF-alpha and IL-6. CA inhibited NF-kappaB activation by LPS, and this was associated with the abrogation of IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation and subsequent decreases in nuclear p50 and p65 protein levels. Further, the phosphorylation of p38, ERK 1/2 and JNK in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells was suppressed by CA in a concentration-dependent manner. LPS-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also effectively inhibited by CA. These results suggest that CA exerts anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages by inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and MAP kinase phosphorylation.
Department of Animal Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India.
D Bharat
DB
Reddy
Pallu
P
Reddanna
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009249:NADP / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D001578:Benzopyrans; D005960:Glucosides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C076178:chebulagic acid; D009249:NADP; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases