Characteristic flavonoids from Acacia burkittii and A. acuminata heartwoods and their differential cytotoxicity to normal and leukemia cells.
Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from Acacia burkittii and A. acuminata heartwoods against an L1210 (mouse lymphoma) cell line led to the isolation of two flavan-3,4-diols, melacacidin (1) and isomelacacidin (2), and three flavonoids, 3,7,8,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavone (3), 7,8,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavanone (4) and 3,7,8,3',4'-pentahydroxyflavanone (5). HPLC analyses (280 nm) of the 70% acetone extracts of the two plants showed different profiles in terms of the relative concentration of the five identified compounds. When tested against L1210, compounds 1 and 2 were the most active, giving ID50 values of 2.5 and 4.5 microg/mL, respectively. The lower activity of the other isolated compounds indicated the importance of the 3,4-hydroxyl groups for the cytotoxic activity of these flavonoids. The isolated compounds were either non-toxic or had very low toxicities against the "normal" CV-1 cell line (green monkey kidney cells). The O-methyl and O-acetyl derivatives of these compounds were inactive. Ten commercially available phenolic compounds (6-15) were also tested for their activity against both CV-1 and L1210 cell lines. Flavan-3,4-diols 1 and 2 were more cytotoxic to L1210 cells than all tested compounds, including catechin and epicatechin, the most abundant flavan-3-ols in many fruits and vegetable.
Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. grace00@uiuc.edu
Mary H
MH
Grace
George R
GR
Wilsonb
Fayez E
FE
Kandil
Eugene
E
Dimitriadis
Robert M
RM
Coates
D000045:Acacia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007939:Leukemia L1210 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D014934:Wood / Q000737:chemistry*
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic