title: Characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Salmonella isolates in a children's hospital in Ankara--first report of SHV-2a and SHV-9 in Salmonella spp. from Turkey.
abstract: The rate of in vitro resistance to various antimicrobials in 179 consecutive isolates of Salmonella spp., which included serogroups D (109), B (52), C1 (10) and C2 (8) isolated from children, was investigated. Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was studied in ampicillin-resistant isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by disk diffusion tests and by BIOMIC video reader system. Overall resistance rates to ampicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate were 26.3% and 10.6%, respectively. Resistance to ceftriaxone and ceftazidime was 3.3%. Resistance rates for chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, amikacin and gentamicin were 40.7%, 31.3%, 2.2%, 2.2% and 6.1%, respectively. beta-lactamase production was detected in 42 isolates. Mating out experiments, isoelectric focusing, dot blot hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were performed on two S. paratyphi B isolates that produced ESBLs. One isolate produced SHV-2 and TEM-1 and the other produced SHV-2a, SHV-5a (SHV-9) and TEM-1. This is the first report of SHV-2a and SHV-5a (SHV-9) in S. paratyphi B in Turkey.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Budak
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nordmann
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Girlich
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gür
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D014421:Turkey; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D000667:Ampicillin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; C490029:beta-lactamase SHV-2a; D001618:beta-Lactamases