title: An evaluation of 30-km cycling time trial (TT30) pacing strategy through time-to-exhaustion at average TT30 pace.
abstract: A paucity of research is available on the optimal pacing strategy for cycling events longer than 4 km. Anecdotal evidence suggests that an even pacing strategy is most suitable; however, controlled studies have only determined that a slow start is more suitable than a fast start pacing strategy. Currently, it is unclear which strategy is more effective for endurance cycling time trials. This study sought to identify differences in 30-km cycling time trial (TT30) performance related to pacing strategies by comparing individually chosen pacing strategy with time-to-exhaustion (TE) at the average power output achieved during TT30. Eight moderately trained male cyclists (Vo2max = 50.9 +/- 5.2 mlxkgxmin) performed 2 TT30 tests and 2 TE tests at the average power output of TT30 on a Velotron cycle ergometer at the same time of day, separated by at least 48 hours. During TT30, participants generally chose to use a 'fast start' pacing strategy, cycling at a speed relative to the TT average (TTAvg) of 103.1 +/- 2.2% during the first 5 km. There was no significant difference in performance time between the TE test and TT30. Starting pace (TT0-5) was significantly correlated with finishing pace (TT25-30) (r = -0.91; p < 0.01) and TE (r = 0.85; p < 0.01). Subjects cycling at a relative starting speed (RS0-5) >105% had a significantly longer TE than subjects cycling at <105%, whereas TT30 performance time was not different between the two groups. The present investigation provided indirect evidence that a fast start pacing strategy decreases finishing speed and overall performance in TT30, and increased TT performance can be achieved by selecting a starting pace no more than 5% above TTAvg.
authors.affiliation: University of Ballarat, School of Human Movement and Sports Science, Mt Helen, Victoria, Australia. Daniel.Ham@dsto.defence.gov.au
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.forename: Wade L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Knez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D005221:Fatigue; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors