title: Diurnal pattern of cortisol output in postnatal depression.
abstract: This study investigated the diurnal output of saliva cortisol in women with symptoms of depression postnatally. Twenty-one depressed and 30 non-depressed women at 7.5 weeks postpartum, and 21 non-perinatal controls, collected saliva at waking, 30 min, and 3 and 12h postwaking. Women who were not depressed postnatally showed a pattern of cortisol secretion over the day similar to non-perinatal controls. There was a significant difference in diurnal pattern between postnatally depressed and postnatally non-depressed women, due to a difference in the first two time points (waking and +30 min): compared to the other two groups who each had a significant increase in cortisol levels from waking to +30 min, the depressed women had significantly higher cortisol levels at waking and no increase at +30 min. The lack of a morning rise in the depressed women is similar to that reported for posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic fatigue syndrome and may reflect a response, in vulnerable women, to the marked cortisol withdrawal that occurs after delivery.
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK. alyx.taylor@imperial.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alyx
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Vivette
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Glover
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kammerer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D049590:Postpartum Period / Q000378:metabolism; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone