title: New antiplatelet drugs: beyond aspirin and clopidogrel.
abstract: Antiplatelet therapy remains a cornerstone of modern management of atherothrombotic vascular disease. For many years, aspirin has been the mainstay of initial antiplatelet drug management in coronary heart disease, while the need for inhibition of other platelet activation pathways has led to the development of various other antiplatelet drugs, such as clopidogrel. An improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in thrombogenesis has paved the way for further development of newer antiplatelet drug therapies. Various clinical studies have probed the effectiveness and risk profile of the newer antiplatelet drugs, such as prasugrel, in comparison with currently available drugs. Some newer agents such as prasugrel are close to being approved for clinical use, whereas other agents such as cangrelor and AZD6140 are in phase 3 clinical trials. New drug classes, such as the thromboxane receptor antagonists (such as NCX-4016 and S18886), as well as platelet adhesion antagonists and thrombin receptor antagonists are similarly being evaluated for their efficacy and risk profile in phase I and II trials.
authors.affiliation: Haemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Unit, University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siddique
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Butt
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shantsila
authors.forename: G Y H
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Lip
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D007097:Imines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007783:Lactones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068799:Prasugrel Hydrochloride; D011422:Propionates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077486:Ticagrelor; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C540445:E 5555; D007097:Imines; D007783:Lactones; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010879:Piperazines; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011422:Propionates; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D011725:Pyridines; D013876:Thiophenes; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; C117446:cangrelor; C501362:terutroban; D000077144:Clopidogrel; C102148:nitroaspirin; D000068799:Prasugrel Hydrochloride; D000077486:Ticagrelor; D000241:Adenosine; D013988:Ticlopidine; D001241:Aspirin; C530299:vorapaxar