[Diagnostic and therapeutic management of renal hydatidosis].
OBJECTIVE
Renal hydatidosis is caused by Echinococcus granulosus and is extremely rare, accounting for 3-4% of the cases of hydatidosis, being the third site after liver and lungs. It generally remains asymptomatic for years and the most frequent symptoms are pain, feeling of flank heaviness, and dysuria. In front of a compatible clinical picture, we studied the diagnostic, therapeutic, and follow-up schemes reviewing the literature.


METHODS
We performed an electronic bibliographic search in PubMed (MEDLINE) which MESH terms "Echinococcosis" [MeSH] AND "urinary tract" [MeSH] and bibliographic citations. We perform a review on epidemiology, vital cycle of the parasite and management of patients with hydatidosis. Most published papers correspond to case reports from different localisations, although we found some reviews.


RESULTS
We found a total of 137 papers, we selected 23 of them because they were related; five were reviews, but we only include 10 of them in our references. Although most were case reports, the reviews analyse the cycle of the Echinococcus and its various host sites (organs) in the human host. The human being may become an intermediary host through contact with the definitive host (dogs) or by taking contaminated water or vegetables.


CONCLUSIONS
Thanks to the combination of history, imaging tests and serology we get close to the diagnosis in up to 80%. In many cases conservative surgery is possible, but after suspicion we should always sterilise with albendazole before surgical treatment, and monitor serum titles of anti-Echinococcus antibodies.
Guzman Martinez-Valls
Pablo Luis
PL
Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer, Murcia, España. pabloguzman@terra.es
Honrubia Vilchez
Beatriz
B
Rodríguez Tardido
Almudena
A
Izquierdo Morejon
Emilio
E
Pietricica
Bogdan-Nicolau
BN
Montoya Chinchilla
Raúl
R
Rosino Sanchez
Antonio
A
Hita Villaplana
Gregorio
G
Romero Hoyuela
Antonio
A
Miñana Lopez
Bernardino
B
D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged