Therapy for acute heart failure syndromes.
The pharmacologic management of acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) has changed little over the past 15 years. Traditional therapies, such as nitrates and loop diuretics, remain the mainstay of therapy, with inotropes reserved for patients who present in shock or an advanced low-output state. We review the use of these therapies in AHFS with added insights from recent clinical trials and registry data.
Donlan
Sarah M
SM
Department of Emergency Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, 259 East Erie Street, Suite 100, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Quattromani
Erin
E
Pang
Peter S
PS
Gheorghiade
Mihai
M
D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004077:Digoxin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020105:Milrinone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013577:Syndrome; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; D009599:Nitroprusside; D004280:Dobutamine; D004077:Digoxin; D009020:Morphine; D020105:Milrinone