title: Massive empyema associated with transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy and IgA deficiency.
abstract: Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy (THI) is originally defined as a physiological maturation defect of immunoglobulin G (IgG) production that occurs at 3-6 months of age and lasts until 18 to 36 months of age. We report here on a 22-month-old child with THI and IgA deficiency, who had massive pneumococcal empyema. Her depressed IgG level returned to normal within 6 months, but IgA level was still low at 6 yr of age. Although THI is an age-dependent and self-limiting disorder, severe infection that includes an atypical presentation of an infection may occur in some patients and this requires evaluation with immunologic study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cadiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kuhn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung-Yil
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mi-Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Joon-Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ji-Chang
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000361:Agammaglobulinemia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017098:IgA Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007223:Infant; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D002443:Ceftriaxone