title: WT1 IgG antibody for early detection of nonsmall cell lung cancer and as its prognostic factor.
abstract: There are urgent needs to develop methods for early detection of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because of its increasing incidence and poor prognosis. Here, we analyzed the production of IgG antibody (WT1 Ab) against WT1 (Wilms' tumor gene) protein that was overexpressed in the majority of NSCLC. Enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay showed that WT1 Ab was produced in all of 91 NSCLC patients and 70 healthy individuals and that WT1 Ab titers were significantly higher in NSCLC patients compared with healthy individuals. When the cut-off level of WT1 Ab titers were fixed at mean + 3SD of those in healthy individuals, 26.4% of NSCLC patients had WT1 Ab titers over the cut-off level, and positive rates of WT1 Ab at each clinical stage were 25.0, 30.8 and 38.4% in stage I, II and III NSCLC, respectively. When WT1 Ab was combined with CEA or CYFRA for detection of NSCLC, positive detection rates increased from 25.0 to 34.1 and 31.8%, respectively, in stage I and from 38.4 to 69.2 and 46.1%, respectively, in stage III, but not changed in stage II. Western blot analysis showed that dominant subclass of WT1 Ab was Th1-type IgG2. Interestingly, elevation of WT1 Ab titers was significantly associated with longer disease-free survival in patients with stages I-III NSCLC. These results showed that WT1 Ab could be a useful marker for early detection of NSCLC and its prognostic prediction. These results also suggested that WT1-specific immune responses played an important role in anti-cancer immunity in NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oji
authors.forename: Yayoi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Eriko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kamino
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Noriyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sawabata
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakatsuka
authors.forename: Nao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Michiyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Ikuyo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tatsumi
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takakuwa
authors.forename: Sumiyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirakata
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosen
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.forename: Riichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nezu
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kawase
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aozasa
authors.forename: Meinoshin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D011379:Prognosis; D025721:WT1 Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D025721:WT1 Proteins