title: Isocaloric high-protein diet as well as branched-chain amino acids supplemented diet partially alleviates adverse consequences of maternal undernutrition on fetal growth.
abstract: Maternal undernutrition causes fetal growth restriction. Protein is a vital dietary nutrient for fetal growth, and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) are noted to have anabolic actions. In this study, we investigated the effects of maternal high-protein diet or BCAA-supplemented diet upon fetal growth under the condition of maternal calorie restriction. Pregnant mice were calorie-restricted (undernutrition: UN), using either a standard diet (S-UN group), high-protein diet (HP-UN group), or BCAA-supplemented diet (BCAA-UN group) to 70% of the control; dams fed ad libitum with a standard diet (S-NN group) from 10.5days post coitum (dpc) to 18.5dpc. The fetal weights of UN groups were significantly decreased compared to that of S-NN. However, the fetal weights of HP-UN and BCAA-UN were significantly higher by 5% and 4%, respectively, than those of S-UN, concomitant with augmentation of the gene and protein expressions of IGF-I and IGF-II in fetal liver. A high-protein diet as well as BCAA-supplemented diet partially improved fetal growth restriction caused by maternal calorie-restriction, suggesting a pivotal role of them in the amelioration of fetal growth restriction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, 54, Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruta
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mogami
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yura
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aoe
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sagawa
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain / Q000737:chemistry*; D053180:Animal Nutrition Sciences; D000818:Animals; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology; D020567:Fetal Weight; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology*; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal
chemical_list: D000597:Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II