The effect of weight loss on anti-Müllerian hormone levels in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome and reproductive impairment.
BACKGROUND
Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been proposed as a clinical predictor of improvements in reproductive function following weight loss in overweight and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study aimed to assess whether baseline and/or change in AMH levels with weight loss predict improvements in reproductive function in overweight and obese women with PCOS.


METHODS
Fifty-two overweight and obese women with PCOS and reproductive impairment (age 29.8 +/- 0.8 years, BMI 36.5 +/- 0.7 kg/m(2)) followed a 20-week weight loss programme. AMH, weight, menstrual cyclicity and ovulatory function were assessed at baseline and post-intervention.


RESULTS
Participants who responded with improvements in reproductive function (n = 26) had lower baseline AMH levels (23.5 +/- 3.7 versus 32.5 +/- 2.9 pmol/l; P = 0.03) and experienced greater weight loss (-11.7 +/- 1.2 versus -6.4 +/- 0.9 kg; P = 0.001) compared with those who did not respond (n = 26). Logistic regression analysis showed that weight loss and baseline AMH were independently related to improvements in reproductive function (P = 0.002 and P = 0.013, respectively). AMH levels did not change with weight loss in both responders and non-responders.


CONCLUSIONS
In overweight and obese women with PCOS and reproductive dysfunction, a 20-week weight loss intervention resulted in improvements in reproductive function but no change in AMH levels.


BACKGROUND
ACTRN12606000198527.
Thomson
R L
RL
Australian Technology Network Centre for Metabolic Fitness and Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
Buckley
J D
JD
Moran
L J
LJ
Noakes
M
M
Clifton
P M
PM
Norman
R J
RJ
Brinkworth
G D
GD
D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D015431:Weight Loss
D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone