title: Detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. through TaqMan polymerase chain reaction targeting the LipL32 gene.
abstract: Rapid diagnosis of leptospirosis, through culture and/or serology, can be difficult without proper expertise and is often delayed because of the length of time required to obtain results. In this study, we developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using a TaqMan probe targeting lipL32, which is present only in pathogenic Leptospira spp. Using Leptospira interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae DNA, the lower limit of detection was found to be 20 genomic equivalents/reaction with a 95% cutoff value. The assay detected pathogenic Leptospira strains, but not intermediately pathogenic or nonpathogenic strains. When testing the assay on spiked clinical specimens, whole blood and plasma were better specimens for detecting the same initial number of leptospires compared with serum from clotted and centrifuged blood. Leptospira spiked at the same concentration was better detected in centrifuged urine. This real-time PCR assay with high specificity and sensitivity may prove to be a rapid method for diagnosing acute leptospirosis.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. rastoddard@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Robyn A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Stoddard
authors.forename: Jay E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.forename: Patricia P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McCaustland
authors.forename: Alex R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hoffmaster
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007919:Leptospira / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010949:Plasma / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D044967:Serum / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; C406589:LipL32 protein, Leptospira; D008074:Lipoproteins