title: Restoration of the shape, location and skin of the severe burn-damaged breast.
abstract: Thermal injuries to the anterior chest in pre-pubescent girls result in breast contracture. During puberty, the breast parenchyma develops and grows underneath the scars, resulting in being flattened and disfigured. The breast mound, as well as the nipple-areolar complex, is partially or completely levelled out and displaced. The contours are unclear and the inframammary fold is effaced. This feature of the most severe breast contracture still poses a challenge for most surgeons. This type of breast contracture can be successfully eliminated with the author-suggested, improved free-skin grafting technique. The scars are excised and the shifted area of parenchyma is mobilised symmetrically to the border of the undamaged breast. Then, the shape and positioning of the breast as well as the nipple-areolar complex are reconstructed with the help of circular suturing through the fat layer on two to three breast levels. The suture ends are led beyond the wound area and are affixed with certain tension contralateral to the breast displacement. The suture ends, being in state of tension, are tied into untied knots around bolsters and are retained in place for about 3 months. During this time, the form and the positioning of the breast can be corrected using the traction of the untied sutures; the skin transplants are stabilised, under which the scar tissue is formed. Skin transplant and the scar tissue hold the shape and positioning of the breast and the sutures can be removed at this stage. In this series, 11 patients were operated upon and 13 breasts were reconstructed. Good results were achieved in all cases: the breast's shape and skin was restored and the positioning was corrected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reconstructive and Plastic Surgery, A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia. grishkevichmail@gmail.com
authors.forename: Viktor M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Grishkevich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001940:Breast / Q000293:injuries*; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D003286:Contracture / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult