Alcohol, illicit and non-illicit psychoactive drug use and road traffic injury in Thailand: a case-control study.
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between alcohol use, psychoactive drug use and road traffic injury (RTI). A case-control study was conducted among drivers in Bangkok, Thailand. Two hundred cases and 849 controls were enrolled between February and November 2006. Cases who sustained a RTI were matched with four controls recruited from petrol stations within a 1-km radius of the reported crash site of the case. A positive alcohol breath test (> or =50mg/dl), and positive tests for the presence of illicit (amphetamine, cocaine, marijuana) and non-illicit psychoactive drugs (antihistamine, benzodiazepine, antidepressants), using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were documented as primary measures. There were significantly higher odds of an alcohol breath test > or =50mg/dl (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 63.6 (95% CI: 25.5-158.9)), illicit psychoactive drugs (adjusted OR 3.4 (95% CI: 1.7-6.6)) and non-illicit psychoactive drug (adjusted OR 3.1 (95% CI: 1.5-6.3)) among cases than controls. Even though driving under the influence of psychoactive drugs has been significantly linked to RTI, its contribution to road safety is much lower than driving under the influence of alcohol. With limited resources, the priority for RTI prevention should be given to control of driving under the influence of alcohol.
Woratanarat
Patarawan
P
Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. rapwo@mahidol.ac.th
Ingsathit
Atiporn
A
Suriyawongpaisal
Paibul
P
Rattanasiri
Sasivimol
S
Chatchaipun
Porntip
P
Wattayakorn
Kanokporn
K
Anukarahanonta
Tongtavuch
T
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006260:Head Protective Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009049:Motorcycles; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012622:Seat Belts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
D011619:Psychotropic Drugs