title: Marine n-3 fatty acids promote size reduction of visceral adipose depots, without altering body weight and composition, in male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet.
abstract: We evaluated the effects of partly substituting lard with marine n-3 fatty acids (FA) on body composition and weight, adipose tissue distribution and gene expression in five adipose depots of male Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet. Rats were fed diets including lard (19.5 % lard) or n-3 FA (9.1 % lard and 10.4 % Triomar) for 7 weeks. Feed consumption and weight gain were similar, whereas plasma lipid concentrations were lower in the n-3 FA group. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed smaller visceral (mesenteric, perirenal and epididymal) adipose depots in the n-3 FA-fed animals (35, 44 and 32 % reductions, respectively). n-3 FA feeding increased mRNA expression of cytokines as well as chemokines in several adipose depots. Expression of Adipoq and Pparg was enhanced in the mesenteric adipose depots of the n-3 FA-fed rats, and fasting plasma insulin levels were lowered. Expression of the lipogenic enzymes Acaca and Fasn was increased in the visceral adipose depots, whereas Dgat1 was reduced in the perirenal and epididymal depots. Cpt2 mRNA expression was almost doubled in the mesenteric depot and liver. Carcass analyses showed similar body fat (%) in the two feeding groups, indicating that n-3 FA feeding led to redistribution of fat away from the visceral compartment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, Norway.
authors.forename: Merethe H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Rokling-Andersen
authors.forename: Arild C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rustan
authors.forename: Andreas J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wensaas
authors.forename: Olav
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kaalhus
authors.forename: Hege
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wergedahl
authors.forename: Therese H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Røst
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Bjørn A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Graff
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caesar
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Drevon
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D016207:Cytokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D008055:Lipids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D006003:Glycogen; D005947:Glucose