title: Dynamic 3D culture promotes spontaneous embryonic stem cell differentiation in vitro.
abstract: Spontaneous in vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) is promoted by a dynamic, three-dimensional (3D), tissue-density perfusion technique with continuous medium perfusion and exchange in a novel four-compartment, interwoven capillary bioreactor. We compared ectodermal, endodermal, and mesodermal immunoreactive tissue structures formed by mESC at culture day 10 with mouse fetal tissue development at gestational day E9.5. The results show that the bioreactor cultures more closely resemble mouse fetal tissue development at gestational day E9.5 than control mESC cultured in Petri dishes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Bioengineering, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA. joerg.gerlach@cellnet.org
authors.forename: Jörg C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gerlach
authors.forename: Mariah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hout
authors.forename: Josefina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edsbagge
authors.forename: Petter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Björquist
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lübberstedt
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stachelscheid
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schmelzer
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schatten
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zeilinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019149:Bioreactors; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000379:methods; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D010477:Perfusion; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D010100:Oxygen