title: Admission C-reactive protein after acute ischemic stroke is associated with stroke severity and mortality: the 'Bergen stroke study'.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is growing evidence that inflammation plays an important role in atherogenesis. Previous studies show that C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammatory marker, is associated with stroke outcomes and future vascular events. It is not clear whether this is due a direct dose-response effect or rather an epiphenomenon. We studied the effect of CRP measured within 24 hours after stroke onset on functional outcome, mortality and future vascular events.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively studied 498 patients with ischemic stroke who were admitted within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms. CRP and NIH stroke scale (NIHSS) were measured at the time of admission. Short-term functional outcome was measured by modified Rankin scale (mRS) and Barthel ADL index (BI) 7 days after admission. Patients were followed for up to 2.5 years for long-term mortality and future vascular events data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median CRP at admission was 3 mg/L. High CRP was associated with high NIHSS (p = 0.01) and high long-term mortality (p < 0.0001). After adjusting for confounding variables, high CRP remained to be associated with high NIHSS (p = 0.02) and high long-term mortality (p = 0.002). High CRP was associated with poor short-term functional outcomes (mRS > 3; BI < 95) (p = 0.01; p = 0.03). However, the association was not significant after adjusting for confounding variables including stroke severity (p = 0.98; p = 0.88). High CRP was not associated with future vascular events (p = 0.98).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Admission CRP is associated with stroke severity and long-term mortality when measured at least 24 hours after onset. There is a crude association between high CRP and short-term functional outcome which is likely secondary to stroke severity. CRP is an independent predictor of long-term mortality after ischemic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Haukeland Hospital, Bergen, Norway. idic@helse-bergen.no
authors.forename: Titto T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Idicula
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brogger
authors.forename: Halvor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naess
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Waje-Andreassen
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thomassen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein