title: Effect of tape stripping and adjuvants on immune response after intradermal DNA electroporation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  DNA vaccines require both efficient delivery methods and appropriate adjuvants. Based on their mechanisms of action, we hypothesised that some adjuvants could enhance vaccine immunogenicity or direct the response towards Th1 profile after intradermal DNA electroporation.
  
  
  METHODS
  After intradermal electroporation of plasmid DNA encoding luciferase, mice received hyaluronidase, imiquimod, monophosphoryl lipid A or were tape stripped in order to modulate the immune response against the encoded protein. We measured total immunoglobulin G, IgG1, IgG2a titres and the cytokines produced by splenocyte cultures to assess both humoral and cellular response. The effect of tape stripping on the response against intradermally delivered ovalbumin protein was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither hyaluronidase nor imiquimod improved the immune response against the encoded luciferase. Monophosphoryl lipid A did not modify the cytokines production but increased the anti-luciferase IgG2a titres. Tape stripping significantly increased anti-luciferase IgG2a and IFN-gamma responses. It also enhanced the humoral response after intradermal injection of the ovalbumin protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tape stripping is able to increase the Th1 immune response against both DNA and protein vaccines. Therefore, tape stripping appears to have interesting adjuvant effect on intradermal vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Université catholique de Louvain, Unité de Pharmacie Galénique, Avenue Emmanuel Mounier 73, UCL 7320, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vandermeulen
authors.forename: Liévin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Daugimont
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Richiardi
authors.forename: Marie-Lise
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Vanderhaeghen
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lecouturier
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ucakar
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Préat
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects; D018274:Electroporation; D005260:Female; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D008050:Lipid A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000634:Aminoquinolines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008050:Lipid A; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D010047:Ovalbumin; D008156:Luciferases; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; C048436:monophosphoryl lipid A; D000077271:Imiquimod