title: Propofol: neuroprotection in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The anaesthetic agent propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) has been shown to be an effective neuroprotective agent in different in vitro models of brain injury induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation. We examined its neuroprotective properties in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this controlled laboratory study organotypic hippocampal brain-slice cultures were gained from six- to eight-day-old mice pups. After 14 days in culture, hippocampal brain slices were subjected to a focal mechanical trauma and subsequently treated with different molar concentrations of propofol under both normo- and hypothermic conditions. After 72 hours of incubation, tissue injury assessment was performed using propidium iodide (PI), a staining agent that becomes fluorescent only when it enters damaged cells via perforated cell membranes. Inside the cell, PI forms a fluorescent complex with nuclear DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A dose-dependent reduction of both total and secondary tissue injury could be observed in the presence of propofol under both normo- and hypothermic conditions. This effect was further amplified when the slices were incubated at 32 degrees C after trauma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When used in combination, the dose-dependent neuroprotective effect of propofol is additive to the neuroprotective effect of hypothermia in an in vitro model of traumatic brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rossaint
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossaint
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weis
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fries
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rex
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coburn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D015742:Propofol