title: AED use in a passenger during a long-haul flight: repeated defibrillation with a successful outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sudden cardiac arrest is one of the leading causes of death, and early defibrillation of ventricular fibrillation (VF) is the single most important intervention for improving survival. The automated external defibrillator (AED) and the concept of public access defibrillation provide a solution to shorten defibrillation delays. Commercial aircraft create a unique environment for the use of the AED since an emergency medical service system (EMS) response is not available. We review published studies on this subject and describe the case of a passenger who developed VF during an intercontinental flight and was successfully resuscitated despite recurrent episodes of VF.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 60-yr-old man developed VF during a flight from Tokyo to Helsinki. VF frequently recurred and shocks were delivered 21 times altogether. The aircraft was diverted to the city of Kuopio. When the local EMS crew encountered the patient 3 h after the onset of the cardiac arrest, the rhythm again converted to VF and three further shocks were delivered. The patient recovered, and 3 wk later he was transported to his home country, fully alert.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are three large studies reporting placing AEDs on commercial aircraft. No harm for co-passengers or malfunctions were reported. Survival rates have been higher than those obtained by well-performing EMS. According to previous studies, placing AEDs on commercial aircraft is also cost effective. The absence of a suitable diversion destination should not influence the rescuers' decision to attempt CPR on board.
authors.affiliation: Hyvinkää Hospital, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Hyvinkää, Finland. heini.harve@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Heini
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harve
authors.forename: Olavi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hämäläinen
authors.forename: Jouni
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kurola
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Silfvast
mesh_terms: D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D047548:Defibrillators; D004554:Electric Countershock; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000628:therapy