title: Greater superficial petrosal nerve dissection: back to front or front to back?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To introduce a novel surgical technique for the dissection of the greater superficial petrosal nerve (GSPN) in the middle fossa approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interdural temporal elevation was performed with a front-to-back technique to preserve the GSPN in 12 sides of 6 injected cadaveric heads dissected through a middle fossa approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The GSPN emerged from the facial hiatus in a shallow bony groove proximally, ran into a deeper sphenopetrosal groove, and eventually reached the mandibular nerve. With front-to-back dissection, this nerve was easily identified at the posterior border of the mandibular nerve. Dissection from front to back minimized the retraction force applied to the proximal part of the GSPN, which was preserved in all specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The temporal dura can be elevated safely with a front-to-back technique to preserve the GSPN and to help maintain the physiological integrity of the facial nerve.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona 85013, USA.
authors.forename: Pakrit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jittapiromsak
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sabuncuoglu
authors.forename: Pushpa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deshmukh
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nakaji
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Spetzler
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Preul
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D035301:Cranial Fossa, Middle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods*; D004210:Dissection / Q000379:methods*; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control; D005830:Geniculate Ganglion / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000294:innervation; D008340:Mandibular Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D008576:Meningeal Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D010579:Petrous Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D000159:Vestibulocochlear Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery