title: Acute morphine administration reduces cell-mediated immunity and induces reactivation of latent herpes simplex virus type 1 in BALB/c mice.
abstract: Acute morphine administration is known to alter the course of herpes simplex virus infection. In this study, the effect of acute morphine administration on the reactivation of latent herpes was investigated in a mouse model. Because of the important role of cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in the inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) reactivation, the effect of acute morphine administration on CTL responses was also evaluated. Furthermore, lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma production were evaluated for their roles in the induction of the CTL response. The findings showed that acute morphine administration significantly reduced CTL responses, lymphocyte proliferation, and IFN-gamma production. Furthermore, acute morphine administration has been shown to reactivate latent HSV-1. Previous studies have shown that cellular immune responses have important roles in the inhibition of HSV reactivation. These findings suggest that suppression of a portion of the cellular immune response after acute morphine administration may constitute one part of the mechanism that induces HSV reactivation.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience research center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
authors.forename: Shafi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mojadadi
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jamali
authors.forename: Behzad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Khansarinejad
authors.forename: Hoorieh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soleimanjahi
authors.forename: Taravat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bamdad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013154:Spleen / Q000473:pathology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D014709:Vero Cells; D014774:Virulence; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009020:Morphine; D007371:Interferon-gamma