title: Fatty acid metabolism in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor.
abstract: Here, the genome sequence of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria bicolorwas explored with the aim of constructing a genome-wide inventory of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. Sixty-three genes of the major pathways were annotated and validated by the detection of the corresponding transcripts. Seventy-one per cent belonged to multigene families of up to five members. In the mycelium of L. bicolor, 19 different fatty acids were detected, including at low concentrations palmitvaccenic acid (16:1(11Z)), which is known to be a marker for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The pathways of fatty acid biosynthesis and degradation in L. bicolor were reconstructed using lipid composition, gene annotation and transcriptional analysis. Annotation results indicated that saturated fatty acids were degraded in mitochondria, whereas degradation of modified fatty acids was confined to peroxisomes. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) was the second largest protein annotated in L. bicolor. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that L. bicolor, Ustilago maydis and Coprinopsis cinerea have a vertebrate-like type I FAS encoded as a single protein, whereas in other basidiomycetes, including the human pathogenic basidiomycete Cryptococcus neoformans, and in most ascomycetes FAS is composed of the two structurally distinct subunits α and β.
authors.affiliation: INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)-Nancy Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, France.|Büsgen-Institut, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marlis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.affiliation: Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Biochemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Göbel
authors.affiliation: INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)-Nancy Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Annegret
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.affiliation: INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)-Nancy Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buée
authors.affiliation: INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)-Nancy Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, France.
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.affiliation: Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Biochemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Feussner
authors.affiliation: Büsgen-Institut, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polle
mesh_terms: D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000235:genetics; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D055399:Laccaria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D028224:Pseudotsuga / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases