title: Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 level is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy: the northern Manhattan study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although inflammatory markers may be associated with risk of cardiovascular events, few data are available regarding these markers and their association with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We sought to evaluate whether inflammatory markers were independently associated with LVH in a multiethnic population in northern Manhattan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 660 participants without stroke, who had undergone both transthoracic echocardiography and testing for soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR) 1, interleukin (IL)-6, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). LV mass was calculated according to an established formula. LVH was defined as LV mass >90th percentile of the participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 67.4 +/- 8.8 years, 35.5% were men, 61.7% were Hispanic, 19.7% were black, and 18.6% were white. In univariate analyses, hsCRP, IL-6, and sTNFR1 were significantly associated with LV mass. Multiple linear regression analyses demonstrated that sTNFR1 (P = 0.0008) was associated with LV mass after adjusting for demographic and medical risk factors, but hsCRP and IL-6 were not. When all markers were included in the same model, sTNFR1 remained significant, but hsCRP and IL-6 did not. Compared with the lowest quartile of sTNFR1, those in the highest quartile were more likely to have LVH (odds ratio = 1.84, 95% confidence interval, 0.97-3.64, P = 0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  sTNFR1, but not hsCRP nor IL-6, is independently associated with increased LV mass. Chronic subclinical inflammation including the TNFR1-associated system may contribute to LVH.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Marco R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Di Tullio
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boden-Albala
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rundek
authors.forename: Ralph L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhezhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: Mitchell S V
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Elkind
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D044383:Black People; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000097:blood*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D002097:C-Reactive Protein