title: Functional interleukin-17 receptor A is expressed in central nervous system glia and upregulated in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is the founding member of a novel family of inflammatory cytokines that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). IL-17A signals through its receptor, IL-17RA, which is expressed in many peripheral tissues; however, expression of IL-17RA in the central nervous system (CNS) and its role in CNS inflammation are not well understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  EAE was induced in C57Bl/6 mice by immunization with myelin oligodendroglial glycoprotein. IL-17RA expression in the CNS was compared between control and EAE mice using RT-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. Cell-type specific expression was examined in isolated astrocytic and microglial cell cultures. Cytokine and chemokine production was measured in IL-17A treated cultures to evaluate the functional status of IL-17RA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here we report increased IL-17RA expression in the CNS of mice with EAE, and constitutive expression of functional IL-17RA in mouse CNS tissue. Specifically, astrocytes and microglia express IL-17RA in vitro, and IL-17A treatment induces biological responses in these cells, including significant upregulation of MCP-1, MCP-5, MIP-2 and KC chemokine secretion. Exogenous IL-17A does not significantly alter the expression of IL-17RA in glial cells, suggesting that upregulation of chemokines by glial cells is due to IL-17A signaling through constitutively expressed IL-17RA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-17RA expression is significantly increased in the CNS of mice with EAE compared to healthy mice, suggesting that IL-17RA signaling in glial cells can play an important role in autoimmune inflammation of the CNS and may be a potential pathway to target for therapeutic interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. dassarmaj@iiserkol.ac.in
authors.forename: Jayasri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Das Sarma
authors.forename: Bogoljub
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ciric
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marek
authors.forename: Sanjoy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadhukhan
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: Jasmine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shafagh
authors.forename: Denise C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Kenneth S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Shindler
authors.forename: Am
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rostami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000473:pathology*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D053722:Receptors, Interleukin-17 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D039481:CD11b Antigen; D018925:Chemokines; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D020381:Interleukin-17; C571327:Mog protein, mouse; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053722:Receptors, Interleukin-17