title: Use of a petroleum-based bolus for photon radiation therapy of distal extremities in dogs.
abstract: While skin sparing is an advantage of megavoltage beams, in certain clinical situations the planning target volume includes the skin surface and a skin sparing effect is not desirable. A tissue equivalent material, termed build up bolus, is used in these situations to provide adequate absorbed dose at the surface of the skin. However, an irregular patient contour can lead to air gaps between the build up bolus and the skin surface, which may result in variability in radiation dose across the target volume. The shape of the canine distal hind extremity is irregular, and commercially available bolus materials do not conform well to this region. The purpose of this study was to assess the dose homogeneity achieved using a petroleum-based bolus material, in combination with a commercially available sheet bolus, for radiation treatment of the canine tarsus. Repeated setups were performed to mimic daily treatment setups in the clinic setting, and computed tomographic scans were performed after each setup. Dose distribution achieved with a cobalt therapy machine and a 6 MV linear accelerator was assessed using three-dimensional treatment planning software. The dose to the clinicaltarget volume fell within 95% and 107% of the prescribed dose for both treatment machines, which is considered clinically acceptable by the authors. This petroleum-based bolus is equivalent to water in its photon attenuation, conforms well to an irregular patient contour, and retains its shape after positioning. Applications to other anatomical sites could be considered.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Products Design, Albertville, MN, USA. monique.mayer@usask.ca
authors.forename: Monique N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moriarity
authors.forename: Narinder
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sidhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005121:Extremities / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010578:Petroleum; D017785:Photons / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013643:Tarsus, Animal / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013679:Technology, Radiologic
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum