title: New electrochemiluminescent biosensors combining polyluminol and an enzymatic matrix.
abstract: Performant reagentless electrochemiluminescent (ECL) (bio)sensors have been developed using polymeric luminol as the luminophore. The polyluminol film is obtained by cyclic voltammetry (CV) on a screen-printed electrode either in a commonly used H(2)SO(4) medium or under more original near-neutral buffered conditions. ECL responses obtained after performing polymerization either at acidic pH or at pH 6 have been compared. It appears that polyluminol formed in near-neutral medium gives the best responses for hydrogen peroxide detection. Polymerization at pH 6 by cyclic voltammetry gives a linear range extending from 8 x 10(-8) to 1.3 x 10(-4) M H(2)O(2) concentrations. Based on this performant sensor for hydrogen peroxide detection, an enzymatic biosensor has been developed by associating the polyluminol film with an H(2)O(2)-producing oxidase. Here, choline oxidase (ChOD) has been chosen as a model enzyme. To develop the biosensor, luminol has been polymerized at pH 6 by CV, and then an enzyme-entrapping matrix has been formed on the above modified working electrode. Different biological (chitosan, agarose, and alginate) and chemical (silica gels, photopolymers, or reticulated matrices) gels have been tested. Best performances have been obtained by associating a ChOD-immobilizing photopolymer with the polyluminol film. In this case, choline can be detected with a linear range extending from 8 x 10(-8) to 1.3 x 10(-4) M.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Biomoléculaire, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5246, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sassolas
authors.forename: Loïc J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: Béatrice D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Leca-Bouvier
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002794:Choline / Q000032:analysis; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D008165:Luminol / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D011108:Polymers; D008165:Luminol; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C019888:choline oxidase; D002794:Choline