Metabolic profile of antipsychotic-naive individuals with non-affective psychosis.
BACKGROUND
Some studies suggest individuals with schizophrenia have an increased risk of diabetes prior to antipsychotic use. Small sample sizes and the potential for confounding by hypercortisolaemia have decreased confidence in those results.


OBJECTIVE
To examine diabetes-related factors in newly diagnosed, antipsychotic-naive people with non-affective psychosis.


METHODS
Participants with psychosis (the psychosis group; n = 50) and matched controls (the control group; n = 50) were given a 2 h oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting concentrations were also determined for adiponectin, interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein.


RESULTS
Compared with the control group, the psychosis group had significant increases in 2 h glucose and interleukin-6 concentrations, and in the prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance (16% of psychosis group v. 0% of control group). Adiponectin and C-reactive protein concentrations did not differ significantly between the two groups. These findings could not be attributed to differences in cortisol concentrations, smoking, gender, neighbourhood of residence, body mass index, aerobic conditioning, ethnicity, socioeconomic status or age.


CONCLUSIONS
Individuals with non-affective psychosis appear to have an increased prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance prior to antipsychotic treatment, as well as abnormalities in a related inflammatory molecule. These underlying problems may contribute to the metabolic side-effects of antipsychotic medications.
Fernandez-Egea
Emilio
E
Schizophrenia Program, Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
Bernardo
Miguel
M
Donner
Thomas
T
Conget
Ignacio
I
Parellada
Eduard
E
Justicia
Azucena
A
Esmatjes
Enric
E
Garcia-Rizo
Clemente
C
Kirkpatrick
Brian
B
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D044882:Glucose Metabolism Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
D052242:Adiponectin; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein