title: The effect of casein and calcium containing paste on plaque pH following a subsequent carbohydrate challenge.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous research has shown that regular use of CPP-ACP increases calcium and inorganic phosphates in plaque and reduces enamel mineral loss. The aim of this study was to investigate if a CPP-ACP-containing paste would neutralize acidic challenges in dental plaque following sucrose rinse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plaque pH was measured on 15 subjects in a cross-over study with and without prior application of the paste and with and without CPP-ACP. On each occasion, subjects rinsed with 10% sucrose and sorbitol solutions for 2 min in randomized order.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed the median lowest pH without paste was 4.8 (IQR: 4.7-5.0) and with mousse 5.6 (IQR: 5.5-5.6 and p<0.001). The median lowest pH was 5.0 (IQR: 4.9-5.3) without CPP-ACP and with CPP-ACP was 5.8 (5.6-6.1 and p<0.001). The time that pH remained below 5.7 and the time to return to resting pH showed similar differences in all subjects (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that prior application of a CPP-ACP-containing paste reduced the fall in plaque pH following a sucrose challenge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Dental Hospitals, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Paul Chetcuti
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Caruana
authors.forename: Sami Al
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mulaify
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moazzez
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bartlett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002021:Buffers; D002326:Cariogenic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D017736:Ion-Selective Electrodes; D008297:Male; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000009:adverse effects; D013395:Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D002326:Cariogenic Agents; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D014100:Toothpastes; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; D013012:Sorbitol; D013395:Sucrose