title: The development of placenta increta following pelvic transcatheter artery embolization for postpartum hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pelvic transcatheter artery embolization (TAE) has been widely used for the management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). However, the adverse effects of TAE on the subsequent pregnancy remain poorly understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 30-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, developed PPH due to atonic bleeding and underwent TAE. Thereafter, her menstrual cycle became irregular with less blood volume. Three years later, she became pregnant despite a thin endometrial thickness of 6 mm during the ovulatory period. She delivered a healthy baby at 39 weeks of gestation. No signs of placental separation were obtained, and an attempt at manual extraction of the placenta failed, followed by massive PPH. She underwent emergent TAE. The placenta was not spontaneously delivered even on day 8 postpartum. A supracervical hysterectomy was performed due to a worsening intrauterine infection. Pathological examination revealed findings compatible with placenta increta.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A TAE-associated thin endometrium may be attributable to the development of placenta increta. Pregnant women undergoing TAE should be managed carefully because the information about pregnancy outcomes after TAE remains scanty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-Cho, Chuo-Ku, Kobe, Japan. tajirou2@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitao
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Makihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D010921:Placenta Accreta / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006473:Postpartum Hemorrhage / Q000601:surgery*; D011247:Pregnancy; D055357:Uterine Artery Embolization / Q000009:adverse effects*