title: Predictive values of age and the Glasgow Coma Scale in traumatic brain injury patients treated with decompressive craniectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of decompressive craniectomy (DC) as an aggressive therapy for traumatic brain injury (TBI) has gained renewed interest. While age and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) are frequently correlated with outcome in TBI, their prognostic values after decompressive craniectomy are ill-defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed data from 103 TBI patients treated with DC from 2001 to 2003. Age, preoperative GCS, and injury severity scores were recorded. Outcome at time of discharge was measured with the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Patients were stratified into the following age groups: < 35, 35-49, 50-64, and > or = 65 years. Spearman's correlation coefficients between age, GCS, and GOS were calculated for the entire population and each age group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mortality rates for each age group were 19.2%, 66.7%, 60%, and 80%, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between age and GOS (r = -0.42, p < 0.0001) and patients < 35 years had significantly better outcomes than patients > or = 35 years (p < 0.0001). The overall correlation between GCS and GOS did not reach significance (r = 0.18,p = 0.076). When stratified by age, there was a significant correlation between GCS and GOS only in patients 35-49 years (r = 0.51, p = 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This data suggests that in TBI patients treated with DC, age correlates with outcome while the correlation between GCS and outcome is age-dependent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M-779, P.O. Box 0112, San Francisco, CA 94143-0112, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Potts
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meeker
authors.forename: Martin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Hemphill J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Claude
authors.forename: Geoffrey T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Manley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D003399:Craniotomy; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult