title: Symptom indicator of severity of depression in cancer patients: a comparison of the DSM-IV criteria with alternative diagnostic criteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to explore the performances of several diagnostic criteria items for judging the severity of major depression among cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using modern item response theory, we examined the performances of the diagnostic criteria outlined by the DSM-IV and two sets of conceptual diagnostic criteria (the Endicott and the Cavanaugh criteria) in a series of 728 cancer patients who had been diagnosed with major depression using an inclusive approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While all the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, including feelings of worthlessness and suicidal ideation, had a low ability for discriminating the severity of depression, two proposed items (not participating in medical care and social withdrawal) appeared to be good markers of moderately severe major depressive disorder among cancer patients. In addition, the items "fearfulness or depressed appearance in face or body posture" and "brooding, self-pity or pessimism" may be good markers for mild major depressive disorders, while the item "cannot be cheered up, doesn't smile, no response to good news or funny situations" may be a good marker for severe major depressive disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the present study suggest that alternative criteria may have utility in diagnosing depression severity in cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive-Behavioral Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akechi
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ietsugu
authors.forename: Masune
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sukigara
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Tomohito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akizuki
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.forename: Toshiaki A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchitomi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult