title: Documentation status and parental concerns about development in young US children of Mexican origin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine parent concerns about development, learning, and behavior for young children of Mexican origin, and to identify whether these reports differ by families' citizenship/documentation status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data come from the 2005 California Health Interview Survey, a population-based random-digit dial telephone survey of California's noninstitutionalized population. California Health Inerview Survey (CHIS) investigators completed interviews of 43 020 households with a total of 5856 children under age 6 years, of whom 1786 were reported being of Mexican origin. Developmental risk was measured by parent concerns elicited by the Parents' Evaluation of Developmental Status. We used bivariate and multivariate analyses to examine associations between developmental risk and family citizenship/documentation status (parents are undocumented, at least one documented noncitizen parent, or both parents are US citizens) among children of Mexican origin and US-born non-Latino white children, after adjusting for age, income, parental education, and predominant household language.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In multivariate analyses, children of Mexican origin did not differ significantly from US-born white children in developmental risk (odds ratio 1.12, 95% confidence interval 0.88-1.42). In subgroup analyses, children of Mexican origin with undocumented parents had higher odds of developmental risk (odds ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.00-2.33) than non-Latino white children whose parents were citizens, after adjusting for confounders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mexican children with undocumented parents have greater parent-reported developmental risk than Mexican and white children whose parents are US citizens or otherwise legally documented. More research is needed to understand the roles of immigration stress and home environments on the developmental risks of children in households with undocumented parents.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Health Services, School of Public Health, Institute for Social Research, University of California, Los Angeles, 2134 Rolfe Hall, Los Angeles, California 90095-1484, USA. aortega@ucla.edu
authors.forename: Alexander N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Horwitz
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Alice A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Moira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inkelas
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002669:Child Welfare; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003144:Communication Barriers; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D017058:Mexican Americans / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012919:Social Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States