title: Deleterious effect of smoking and nasal septal deviation on mucociliary clearance and improvement after septoplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of septal deviation, septoplasty, and smoking upon nasal mucociliary clearance by using saccharine test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included in this study were 40 patients (15 women and 25 men) who had septal deviation and septoplasty surgery performed between March and June 2006. Patients are classified into three groups: group I (n = 20) nonsmoking patients who had septoplasty surgery, group II (n = 20) smoking patients who had septoplasty surgery, and the control (n = 20) group. None of the control group has nasal breathing problem or smoking history. For determining preoperative and postoperative nasal mucociliary clearance (MCC) time, a saccharine test was performed on the patients 1 day before surgery and at the third month of postoperative control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative and postoperative nasal MCC time in patients of group I are statistically significantly lower than the group II (p < 0.01). Postoperative MCC time in group I and II is significantly decreased compared with preoperative MCC time, statistically (p < 0.01). Preoperative and postoperative MCC time of group I and group II is significantly higher than MCC time of the control group (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nasal septal deviation and smoking deteriorates nasal MCC time and this result can be shown easily with the saccharine test. Properly performed septoplasty surgery decreases nasal MCC time during the late postoperative period but MCC times are still longer than normal. The saccharine test can be used for following up the effect of septoplasty upon nasal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Umraniye State Hospital for Research and Training, Umraniye/Istanbul, Turkey. karaman1398@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.forename: Arman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000187:drug effects*; D009093:Mucus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D009667:Nose Deformities, Acquired / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution