title: Dynein-driven mitotic spindle positioning restricted to anaphase by She1p inhibition of dynactin recruitment.
abstract: Dynein is a minus-end-directed microtubule motor important for mitotic spindle positioning. In budding yeast, dynein activity is restricted to anaphase when the nucleus enters the bud neck, yet the nature of the underlying regulatory mechanism is not known. Here, the microtubule-associated protein She1p is identified as a novel regulator of dynein activity. In she1 Delta cells, dynein is activated throughout the cell cycle, resulting in aberrant spindle movements that misposition the spindle. We also found that dynactin, a cofactor essential for dynein motor function, is a dynamic complex whose recruitment to astral microtubules (aMTs) increases dramatically during anaphase. Interestingly, loss of She1p eliminates the cell-cycle regulation of dynactin recruitment and permits enhanced dynactin accumulation on aMTs throughout the cell cycle. Furthermore, localization of the dynactin complex to aMTs requires dynein, suggesting that dynactin is recruited to aMTs via interaction with dynein and not the microtubule itself. Lastly, we present evidence supporting the existence of an incomplete dynactin subcomplex localized at the SPB, and a complete complex that is loaded onto aMTs from the cytoplasm. We propose that She1p restricts dynein-dependent spindle positioning to anaphase by inhibiting the association of dynein with the complete dynactin complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Woodruff
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Drubin
authors.forename: Georjana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barnes
mesh_terms: D000705:Anaphase / Q000502:physiology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072159:Dynactin Complex; D004398:Dyneins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015151:Immunoblotting; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024701:Myosin Type V / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C089021:ARP1 protein, S cerevisiae; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D000072159:Dynactin Complex; C086450:JNM1 protein, S cerevisiae; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C098732:Myo4 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D024701:Myosin Type V; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; D004398:Dyneins