Characterisation of Blighia sapida (Sapindaceae) seed oil and defatted cake from Benin.
A sample of Blighia sapida seeds collected in Benin has been analysed and the results are compared to the scarcely available literature data. The chemical analysis of seed oil shows a saponification value of 145 and an iodine value of 66, consistent with the high mono-unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) content (63.8 wt%). The most interesting feature is the prominent concentration of eicosenoic acid (48.4 wt%). Arachidic acid being the main component within the saturated group, the C20 FAs fraction accounts for 68.4 wt%, thus making the peculiar composition of this oil. Among the unsaponifiable fraction (2.4 wt%), the major sterol is stigmasterol (54.6 wt%), surprisingly over passing beta-sitosterol. Tocols (338 ppm) contains mainly alpha- and gamma-tocopherol. Regarding the defatted cake, results show the prominent position of starch and a noticeable amount of proteins and fibers (44.2, 22.4, 15.6 wt%, respectively). Seventeen amino acids were identified together with valuable minerals (total ashes 3.5 wt%). Possible uses of oil and defatted cake are discussed.
Djenontin
Sebastien Tindo
ST
Departement de Genie Chimique-Procedes, Ecole Polytechnique (EPAC), Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquee (LERCA), Universite d'Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Republique du Benin.
Wotto
Valentin D
VD
Lozano
Paul
P
Pioch
Daniel
D
Sohounhloue
Dominique K C
DK
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D001541:Benin; D032124:Blighia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004537:Eicosanoic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013265:Stigmasterol / Q000032:analysis
D000596:Amino Acids; D004537:Eicosanoic Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D010938:Plant Oils; D013265:Stigmasterol; C094477:arachidic acid