title: Immunohistochemical stains in Mohs surgery: a review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During Mohs surgery, there are instances in which residual tumor cells may be difficult to detect, thereby increasing the risk of incomplete excision and tumor recurrence. It is possible to employ immunohistochemical techniques as an adjunct to routine hematoxylin and eosin staining to aid in ensuring negative margins.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the literature regarding the use of immunostains in Mohs surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Various immunostains have proved useful in detecting tumor cells in various malignancies, including melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, extramammary Paget's disease, primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma, granular cell tumor, and trichilemmal carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this article, we review immunohistochemical stains that have been employed in Mohs micrographic surgery and evaluate their utility in enhancing detection of residual tumors with respect to tumor type, particularly in situations in which detection of residual tumor may be difficult.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stranahan
authors.forename: Basil S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Cherpelis
authors.forename: L Frank
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: Sharron
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ladd
authors.forename: Neil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Fenske
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D015580:Mohs Surgery; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D004396:Coloring Agents