title: Locally advanced rectal cancer patients receiving radio-chemotherapy: a novel clinical-pathologic score correlates with global outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the importance of downstaging of locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included all consecutive patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant treatment (chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy) in different Italian centers from June 1996 to December 2003. A novel score was used, calculated as the sum of numbers obtained by giving a negative or positive point, respectively, to each degree of increase or decrease in clinical to pathologic T and N status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 317 patients were eligible for analysis. Neoadjuvant treatments performed were as follows: radiotherapy alone in 75 of 317 patients (23.7%), radiotherapy plus chemotherapy in 242 of 317 patients (76.3%). Worse disease-free survival was observed in patients with a lower score (Score 1 = -3 to +3 vs. Score 2 = +4 to +7; p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that a novel score, calculated from preoperative and pathologic tumor and lymph node status, could represent an important parameter to predict outcome in patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer. The score could be useful to select patients for adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant treatment and surgery.
authors.affiliation: Medical Oncology Unit, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I - GM Lancisi - G Salesi di Ancona, Ancona, Italy. r.berardi@univpm.it
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berardi
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mantello
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scartozzi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Del Prete
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luppi
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fumagalli
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grillo-Ruggieri
authors.forename: Italo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bearzi
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandolesi
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marmorale
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cascinu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome