title: A new modular nail for the diaphyseal fractures of the humerus.
abstract: Over a period of 5 years, 63 traumatic and eight pathological diaphyseal humeral fractures were treated with a new modular humeral nail. The nail is cannulated, square in shape--with concave sides--and has two different extensions that can be used with either the antegrade or the retrograde approach. Adequate rotational and axial stability is provided without the need for distal locking screws in the majority of fractures, while the need for proximal locking screws during the antegrade procedure is abolished. This study aims to present the 'Garnavos' nail and the results of its use, along with proposals and guidelines that should be considered whenever intramedullary nailing is selected for the treatment of diaphyseal humeral fractures.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Department of Evangelismos General Hospital, 5 Poseidonos st., Glyfada 16674, Athens, Greece. garnavos@eexi.gr
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garnavos
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lasanianos
authors.forename: Nikolaos K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kanakaris
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arnaoutoglou
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Papathanasopoulou
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xenakis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001858:Bone Nails; D018483:Diaphyses / Q000293:injuries; D005260:Female; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005596:Fractures, Closed / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D005599:Fractures, Ununited / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006810:Humeral Fractures / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D020127:Recovery of Function; D016896:Treatment Outcome