title: Discrepancy in bicycle helmet use among college students between two bicycle use purposes: commuting and recreation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to examine associations between bicycle helmet use and attitudes among U.S. college students. Bicycle helmet use was assessed for two different bicycle use purposes: commuting to school and recreation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Student bicycle riders were recruited on the campus of a large public university in Colorado. Questionnaire development was guided by the Theory of Reasoned Action and Health Belief Model. Bicycle use and helmet use for the two purposes, attitudes toward helmet use and bicycle helmet regulations on campus, perceived risk of bicycle-related injury, subjective norms were asked. Bicycle helmet use was defined by current behaviors and intentions for the future, based on the Stages of Change model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 192 questionnaires collected from students who rode bicycles for both commuting and recreation was used for the analysis. Bicycle helmet use differed depending on purposes of bicycle riding: 9.4% of bicycle riders wore bicycle helmets every time for commuting, while 36.5% did so for recreation. Different variables were associated with bicycle helmet use for commuting and recreation in logistic regression models, suggesting that psychosocial structures behind bicycle helmet use behaviors might differ between two bicycle use purposes, commuting and recreation.
authors.affiliation: Digital Human Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 2-41-6, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan. itsumi.ip@gmail.com
authors.forename: Itsumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kakefuda
authors.forename: Lorann
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stallones
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gibbs
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006260:Head Protective Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011998:Recreation; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D014186:Transportation; D055815:Young Adult