title: Three-dimensional reconstruction of the "bright ring" echogenicity from porcine blood upstream in a stenosed tube.
abstract: To investigate the echogenicity variation due to blood flow disturbance near a stenosis under pulsatile flow, a series of in vitro experiments were performed in a rigid tube with an eccentric stenosis of 70% area reduction in a mock flow loop. An ultrasonic B-mode with a Doppler spectrogram was used to correlate echogenicity with flow speed and stroke rate. This paper reports echogenicity variation upstream of a stenosis under pulsatile flow. The experimental results showed that blood flow disturbed by the stenosis affects echogenicity and red blood cell rouleaux upstream. A hypoechoic "black hole" was shown at the center of the stream at systole. During diastole, the "bright ring" in cross-sectional images was observed as eddy-like or parabolic profiles in longitudinal images. These images could be reconstructed into a 3-dimensional animation, providing a better understanding of dynamic changes of the rouleaux distribution upstream of a stenosis under pulsatile flow.
authors.forename: Dong-Guk
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Paeng
authors.forename: Kweon-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Min Joo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: K Kirk
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Shung
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013552:Swine; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*