title: Aripiprazole in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess response to treatment with aripiprazole in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder comorbid with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Children and adolescents were extensively assessed according to DSM-IV criteria for bipolar disorder comorbid with ADHD (n = 710). Those with this comorbidity who were acutely manic or in mixed states were randomly assigned in a 6-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to aripiprazole (n = 18) or placebo (n = 25). Primary outcome measures were assessed weekly and included the Young Mania Rating Scale; the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Scale-Version IV; and weight. Secondary outcome measures were the Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale, the Child Mania Rating Scale-Parental Version (CMRS-P), the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised, the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale, and adverse events. The trial was conducted at the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from January 2005 to November 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The group receiving aripiprazole showed a significantly greater reduction in YMRS scores (P = .02, effect size [ES] = 0.80), CMRS-P scores (P = .02; ES = 0.54), and CGI-S scores (P = .04; ES = 0.28) from baseline to endpoint than the placebo group. In addition, higher rates of response (P = .02) and remission (P = .01) were found for the aripiprazole group. No significant between-group differences were found in weight, ADHD symptoms, and depressive symptoms. Adverse events significantly more frequent in the aripiprazole group were somnolence and sialorrhea.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aripiprazole was effective in reducing manic symptoms and improving global functioning without promoting severe adverse events or weight gain. No significant treatment effect in ADHD symptoms was observed. Studies are needed to assess psychopharmacologic interventions for improving ADHD symptoms in juvenile bipolar disorder comorbid with ADHD.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00116259.
authors.affiliation: Juvenile Bipolar Disorder Outpatient Program (ProCAB), Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silzá
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tramontina
authors.forename: Cristian P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Zeni
authors.forename: Carla R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ketzer
authors.forename: Gabriel F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Pheula
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Narvaez
authors.forename: Luis Augusto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rohde
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010879:Piperazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015363:Quinolones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D015363:Quinolones; D000068180:Aripiprazole