title: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Synthesis of 2,4,6-trimethylpyridinium derivatives of 2-(hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-aryl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamides acting as potent inhibitors of the tumor-associated isoform IX and XII.
abstract: A series of 2-(hydrazinocarbonyl)-3-aryl-1H-indole-5-sulfonamides possessing various 2-, 3- or 4- substituted phenyl groups with methyl-, halogeno- and methoxy-functionalities, or a perfluorophenyl moiety, has been derivatized by reaction with 2,4,6-trimethylpyrylium perchlorate. The new sulfonamides were evaluated as inhibitors of four mammalian carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms, that is, CA I, II (cytosolic), CA IX and XII (transmembrane, tumor-associated forms). Excellent inhibitory activity was observed against hCA IX with most of these sulfonamides, and against hCA XII with some of the new compounds. These compounds were generally less effective inhibitors of hCA II. Being membrane impermeant, these positively-charged sulfonamides are interesting candidates for targeting the tumor-associated CA IX and XII, as possible diagnostic tools or therapeutic agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ozlen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Güzel
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maresca
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scozzafava
authors.forename: Aydin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.forename: Alexandru T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Balaban
authors.forename: Claudiu T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Supuran
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D013449:Sulfonamides; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases; C477378:carbonic anhydrase XII