title: Effects of particulate matter (PM(10), PM(2.5) and PM(1)) on the cardiovascular system.
abstract: Several studies have demonstrated that exposure to particulate matter (PM) of different size fractions is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this review, we have taken into consideration the possible correlation between the "short term" and "long term" effects of PM exposure and the onset of CVDs as well as the possible molecular mechanisms by which PM elicits the development of these events. Particularly, it is here underlined that these adverse health effects depend not only on the level of PM concentration in the air but also on its particular internal composition. Furthermore, we have also synthesized the findings gleaned from those few studies indicating that PM produced by tobacco smoke can give rise to cardiovascular injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy. giulianopolichetti@email.it
authors.forename: Giuliano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Polichetti
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cocco
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spinali
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Trimarco
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nunziata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000401:mortality; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D052638:Particulate Matter; D012906:Smoke