title: Psychiatric morbidity in gynecological and otorhinolaryngological outpatients: a comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assessment of the point prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a gynecological outpatient population compared to a control group consisting of otorhinolaryngological outpatients.
  
  
  METHODS
  During an 11-month period of time, 150 unselected, consecutive gynecologic outpatients and 150 matched controls (otorhinolaryngological outpatients) were enrolled in the study. Patients were screened for psychiatric disorders using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). Sociodemographic data, psychiatric and medical history including inpatient treatments and outpatient contacts, and utilisation of the health care system were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within the gynecological group, 45.3% fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for at least one psychiatric diagnosis according to the PHQ, compared to 27.3% of the otorhinolaryngological control group (P=.002). With respect to distinct diagnoses, gynecological patients suffered significantly more often from somatoform disorders (P=.001) and depressive disorders (P=.003) than controls. Less than half of subjects of either group with any psychiatric diagnosis had ongoing psychiatric or psychotherapeutic treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a significant group difference in the number of psychiatric diagnoses between gynecological and otorhinolaryngological female outpatients. Psychiatric disorders may be frequent and unrecognised in women presenting in an outpatient setting, especially in those seeking medical care for gynecological problems. The PHQ may be a useful tool to detect psychiatric disorders even in busy clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria. katharina.leithner@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leithner
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Assem-Hilger
authors.forename: Melitta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fischer-Kern
authors.forename: Henriette
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Loeffler-Stastka
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sam
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ponocny-Seliger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011613:Psychotherapy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires