title: Characteristics of pediatric-onset spinal cord injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although children rarely experience spinal cord injuries (SCI), those who do are subject to various lifelong disabilities and morbidities. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively assess the characteristics of pediatric onset SCI patients and their differences among age groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical characteristics were compared in 48 patients who experienced SCI during childhood and adolescence and who underwent rehabilitation treatment. Clinical characteristics were compared in patients under 4 years old (group A), 4-12 years old (group B), and 13-18 years old (group C) at SCI onset. Radiological findings were compared in 20 patients who were examined on both plain radiograph and computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall male: female ratio was 3:2, with SCI due to non-traumatic causes more frequent overall. Of traumatic causes of SCI, vehicle accident was the most frequent. Of non-traumatic causes, congenital anomaly was most frequent in group A, but tumors became dominant as age increased. Overall, thoracic cord level of injury was most frequent. SCI without radiologic abnormalities (SCIWORA) was predominant in group A, but none was observed in group C. Spinal fractures with or without subluxation accounted for >60% of group C SCI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-traumatic, thoracic cord injury was frequent in the pediatric SCI population. SCIWORA was predominant in younger children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wooridul Spine Hospital, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: In Y
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Jin Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Song R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology