title: Risk stratification of high-grade prostate cancer treated with antegrade radical prostatectomy with intended wide resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the surgical outcome of high-grade prostate cancer (PCA) treated with antegrade radical prostatectomy with intended wide resection (aRP) and to establish the risk stratification.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive 77 Japanese patients with Gleason score 8-10 PCA were treated with aRP alone and excluding patients with persistently elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prospectively observed without any treatment until PSA failure was confirmed. PSA failure-free, cancer-specific and overall survival curves were generated with Kaplan-Meier method and the difference between groups was assessed with log-rank test. Cox's proportional hazards model was used to elucidate predictors of PSA failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a median follow-up of 6 years, PSA failure was observed in 41 (53%) of the 77 patients. Five- and 10-year PSA failure-free survival rates of the entire cohort were 44.6% and 40.1%, respectively. Both overall and cancer-specific survival rates of the entire cohort at 5 and 10 years were 96.8% and 87.9%, respectively. In a multivariate analysis, PSA (P = 0.008), specimen confinement (SC) (P = 0.006) and persistently elevated PSA after aRP were identified as significant and independent predictors of PSA failure. When stratifying patients into three risk groups according to PSA level and SC status, PSA failure-free survival rate in patients with PSA < 10 ng/ml and specimen-confined disease (SCD) was significantly better than that in those of any other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Good prognosis can be expected in patients with high-grade PCA treated with aRP alone when PSA < 10 ng/ml and the tumor was removed as an SCD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Institute Hospital, 3-10-6 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan. shinya.yamamoto@jfcr.or.jp
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yonese
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Yuhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komai
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fukui
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000401:mortality*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen