title: Relationship between incarceration frequency and human immunodeficiency virus risk behaviors of African American inmates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the relationship between frequency of incarceration and preincarceration risk behaviors and determined the demographic factors associated with risk behaviors among a sample of African American inmates.
  
  
  METHODS
  We surveyed 229 (102 female and 127 male) randomly selected inmates. Risk behaviors between inmates serving their first prison sentence and those who had been incarcerated in prison more than once were compared using the chi2 test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with risk behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For most risk behaviors, there were no significant differences between inmates serving their first prison sentence and inmates incarcerated more than once; however, male inmates who had been incarcerated more than once were more likely to report having had multiple vaginal sex partners (OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.10-5.32; P = .03). No demographic variable was found to be independently associated with risk behaviors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frequency of incarceration did not affect preincarceration human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk behaviors among this sample of African American inmates. HIV prevention efforts should be directed at addressing the individual and structural factors associated with high-risk behaviors among African Americans.
authors.affiliation: HIV/AIDS Research and Policy Institute, Chicago State University. Chicago, IL 60628, USA. tabiona@csu.edu
authors.forename: Titilayo C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Abiona
authors.forename: Adedeji S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Adefuye
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Balogun
authors.forename: Patricia E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Sloan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011329:Prisoners / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011330:Prisons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology