title: Raman spectroscopic analysis of the increase of the carotenoid antioxidant concentration in human skin after a 1-week diet with ecological eggs.
abstract: Skin aging is mainly caused by the destructive action of free radicals, produced by the UV light of the sun. The human skin has developed a protection system against these highly reactive molecules in the form of the antioxidative potential. Carotenoids are one of the main components of the antioxidants of the human skin. From former studies, it is known that skin aging is reduced in individuals with high levels of carotenoids. Because most of the antioxidants cannot be produced by the human organism, they must be up taken by nutrition. Using noninvasive Raman spectroscopic measurements it is demonstrated that not only fruits and vegetables but also eggs contain high concentrations of antioxidants including carotenoids, which are even doubled in the case of ecological eggs. After a 1-week diet with ecological eggs performed by six volunteers, it is found that the concentration of the carotenoids in the skin of the volunteers increased by approx. 20%. Our study does not intend to recommend exorbitant egg consumption, as eggs also contain harmful cholesterol. But in the case of egg consumption, ecological eggs from hens kept on pasture should be preferred to also receive a benefit for the skin.
authors.affiliation: Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Center of Experimental and Applied Cutaneous Physiology, Chariteplatz 1, Berlin 10117, Germany.
authors.forename: Karoline
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hesterberg
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lademann
authors.forename: Alexa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patzelt
authors.forename: Wolfram
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sterry
authors.forename: Maxim E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Darvin
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004531:Eggs; D006801:Humans; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002338:Carotenoids