title: Hydrophobicity at low temperatures and cold denaturation of a protein.
abstract: We elucidate the microscopic mechanism of the weakening of the hydrophobicity at low temperatures by investigating cold denaturation of a protein. We employ an elaborate statistical-mechanical theory combined with a realistic water model. At low temperatures, the ordered structure with enhanced hydrogen bonds of water molecules is formed near nonpolar groups, leading to entropic loss and energy gain which are both quite large. However, they are canceled out and make no contribution to the free-energy change. We argue that a different factor, which is responsible for the weakening of the hydrophobicity at low temperatures, induces cold denaturation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshidome
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
mesh_terms: D003080:Cold Temperature; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D014867:Water