title: Aluminium, cadmium and lead concentration in the hair of tobacco smokers.
abstract: In the research, the contents of heavy metals, Al, Cd and Pb, in the hair of individuals who reside in similar environmental conditions were spectrometrically determined with the use of atomic emission spectrometry–inductively coupled plasma spectrophotometer. The relation to their tobacco smoking habit, age and sex was established. It was observed that the level of all three determined elements was generally higher in the hair of smokers in comparison to hair of non-smokers in both younger and older age groups. In addition, it has been observed that, in the group of elderly people over 50 years old, there was an increase in the content of aluminium, cadmium and lead both in smokers and non-smokers, irrespective of their sex. The sex-related differences in the content of the investigated elements were not unidirectional, and only in few cases did they reveal statistical significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Earth Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland. aneta_uw@wp.pl
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Unkiewicz-Winiarczyk
authors.forename: Kazimiera
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gromysz-Kałkowska
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Szubartowska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000535:Aluminum / Q000032:analysis*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D000535:Aluminum