Prediction clinical profile to distinguish between systolic and diastolic heart failure in hospitalized patients.
BACKGROUND
In recent decades, the growing incidence of patients with heart failure who have preserved systolic function, underlines the need to differentiate between heart failure due to diastolic dysfunction and that due to systolic dysfunction.


OBJECTIVE
To develop a prediction profile of clinical parameters that enables clinicians to differentiate between patients with systolic and diastolic heart failure.


METHODS
164 patients admitted for congestive heart failure to the cardiology department of an academic tertiary care hospital, whose left ventricular systolic and diastolic function had been evaluated echocardiographically and who satisfied the Framingham criteria for heart failure, were prospectively recruited. All patients answered a questionnaire which included, in addition to other clinical variables, the Framingham criteria.


RESULTS
Patients with diastolic heart failure (61.6%) were more likely to be older, female, and to present left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), with a lower proportion of smokers, alcohol drinkers, coronary disease, q wave and left bundle branch block (all p<0.005). The predicting model obtained on the logistic regression analysis was very significant, with three variables and 72.3% of correct predictions (x(2) value=40,457, p<0.001). These three variables, predictors of diastolic as opposed to systolic heart failure, were female sex (OR=3.546), left ventricle hypertrophy (OR=4.011) and absence of coronary disease (OR=3.547).


CONCLUSIONS
Three variables which can be easily evaluated, female sex, left ventricular hypertrophy and presence or absence of coronary disease, may enable clinicians to differentiate between patients with systolic or diastolic heart failure.
Maestre
Ana
A
Internal Medicine Department. Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Spain. amaestrep@gmail.com
Gil
Vicente
V
Gallego
Javier
J
García
Miguel
M
García de Burgos
Fernando
F
Martín-Hidalgo
Alberto
A
D000368:Aged; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D054144:Heart Failure, Diastolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D054143:Heart Failure, Systolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology