title: Severity of leukoaraiosis correlates with clinical outcome after ischemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leukoaraiosis (LA) is closely associated with aging, a major determinant of clinical outcome after ischemic stroke. In this study we sought to identify whether LA, independent of advancing age, affects outcome after acute ischemic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  LA volume was quantified in 240 patients with ischemic stroke and MRI within 24 hours of symptom onset. We explored the relationship between LA volume at admission and clinical outcome at 6 months, as assessed by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). An ordinal logistic regression model was developed to analyze the independent effect of LA volume on clinical outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bivariate analyses showed a significant correlation between LA volume and mRS at 6 months (r = 0.19, p = 0.003). Mean mRS was 1.7 +/- 1.8 among those in the lowest (< or =1.2 mL) and 2.5 +/- 1.9 in the highest (>9.9 mL) quartiles of LA volume (p = 0.01). The unfavorable prognostic effect of LA volume on clinical outcome was retained in the multivariable model (p = 0.002), which included age, gender, stroke risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation), previous history of brain infarction, admission plasma glucose level, admission NIH Stroke Scale score, IV rtPA treatment, and acute infarct volume on MRI as covariates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The volume of leukoaraiosis is a predictor of clinical outcome after ischemic stroke and this relationship persists after adjustment for important prognostic factors including age, initial stroke severity, and infarct volume.
authors.affiliation: AA Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Arsava
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosand
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Rost
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Singhal
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lev
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Furie
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Koroshetz
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Sorensen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ay
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D015984:Causality; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D049292:Leukoaraiosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy