title: Detection of elevated proteins in peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer by analyzing mass spectra data of serum proteins.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, several authors reported on the Protein Chip approach to analyze serum. They used SELDI-TOF-MS (surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry) to identify patients with cancers of various origins in a highly sensitive and specific manner. In the current study, a similar approach was employed to analyze the serum of patients with various stages of gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Control serum specimens from patients with gastritis (n = 19) and those with gastric cancer (Stage I: n = 6, Stage II or III: n = 6, Stage IV: n = 6, total: n = 18) were collected and analyzed by the Protein Chip biomarker system (Bio-Rad, Japan), a platform for SELDI-TOF-MS, and protein profiles were obtained and compared. The cation exchange chip (CM10) and the anion exchange chip (Q10) were used for processing before TOF-MS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  nine proteins were significantly over-expressed (P < 0.05, Student t-test) in patients with gastric cancer compared to patients with gastritis. Among them, four protein masses with 2929 m/z, 3293 m/z, 3371 m/z, and 4213 m/z were found to be differentially expressed solely in patients suffering from peritoneal dissemination. All peaks were processed on CM10 chips. Employing one data mining method, CART (classification and regression trees), gastric cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination were successfully separated from those who had no peritoneal seeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A validation study with a larger number of samples is mandatory; however, the detected peaks here might be candidates for biomarkers of peritoneal dissemination and/or gastric cancer. Moreover, further analysis of these four proteins might be helpful in revealing the mechanism of peritoneal dissemination, which at present has no cure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Aichi Hospital, Aichi, Japan. tkojima@acc-aichi.com
authors.forename: Taiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saga
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kure
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujimitsu
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kodera
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kojima
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology