title: A cross-cultural study of the higher-order structures underlying personality disorders in French-speaking Africa and Switzerland.
abstract: Most studies about the higher-order dimensions to be considered in order to parsimoniously describe Personality Disorders (PDs) have identified between two and four factors but there is still no consensus about their exact number. In this context, the cultural stability of these structures might be a criterion to be considered. The aim of this study was to identify stable higher-order structures of PD traits in a French-speaking African and Swiss sample (N = 2,711). All subjects completed the IPDE screening questionnaire. Using Everett's criterion and conducting a series of principal component analyses, a cross-culturally stable two- and four-factor structure were identified, associated with a total congruence coefficient of .98 and .94, respectively, after Procrustes rotation. Moreover, these two structures were also highly replicable across the four African regions considered, North Africa, West Africa, Central Africa, and Mauritius, with a mean total congruence coefficient of .97 and .87, respectively. The four-factor structure presented the advantage of being similar to Livesely's four components and of describing the ten PDs more accurately.
authors.affiliation: University of Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rigozzi
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rossier
authors.forename: Donatien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dahourou
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adjahouisso
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ah-Kion
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amoussou-Yeye
authors.forename: Oumar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Uma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bhowon
authors.forename: Cherifa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouatta
authors.forename: Daouda Dougoumalé
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Cissé
authors.forename: Mamadou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mbodji
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meyer de Stadelhofen
authors.forename: David Minga
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Minga
authors.forename: Caroline Ng
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Tseung
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ondongo
authors.forename: Mohamed Nouri
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Romdhane
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sfayhi
authors.forename: Dieudonné
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tsokini
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verardi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D012016:Reference Values; D012919:Social Behavior