title: Effects of a cognition-oriented breast self-examination intervention for Korean women and their spouses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the effectiveness of a cognition-oriented breast self-examination (BSE) intervention program that is based on the Transtheoretical Model and reflects individual characteristics according to BSE stage among Korean women and their spouses.
  
  
  METHODS
  A time-series nonequivalent control group design was used. SAMPLE AND MEASUREMENT: Twenty-four couples in each of 2 groups completed a preintervention test and were evaluated 1, 3, and 6 months later for their knowledge of breast cancer and BSE, spousal encouragement for BSE, perceived confidence in BSE methods, change in BSE stage, and perceived benefits and barriers to BSE. The intervention involved husbands as well as women, and consisted of lectures on breast cancer and BSE, demonstrations and practice with models while being videotaped, and feedback.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences between the control and experimental groups for all variables. Change of BSE stage in experimental group showed significantly advancement over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This intervention program was effective in promoting regular BSE practice and in enhancing confidence in BSE. The intervention also raised awareness among husbands of the importance of breast health for their wives. Educational interventions for breast cancer prevention should be specified to an individual's stage of BSE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Kang Won Do, South Korea.
authors.forename: SoMi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hee-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hea Kung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: GiYon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D016504:Breast Self-Examination / Q000523:psychology; D003479:Curriculum; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006266:Health Education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017145:Models, Educational; D008960:Models, Psychological; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D015397:Program Evaluation; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012944:Social Support; D018454:Spouses / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014930:Women / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology