title: Alternative exon 9-encoded relay domains affect more than one communication pathway in the Drosophila myosin head.
abstract: We investigated the biochemical and biophysical properties of one of the four alternative regions within the Drosophila myosin catalytic domain: the relay domain encoded by exon 9. This domain of the myosin head transmits conformational changes in the nucleotide-binding pocket to the converter domain, which is crucial to coupling catalytic activity with mechanical movement of the lever arm. To study the function of this region, we used chimeric myosins (IFI-9b and EMB-9a), which were generated by exchange of the exon 9-encoded domains between the native embryonic body wall (EMB) and indirect flight muscle isoforms (IFI). Kinetic measurements show that exchange of the exon 9-encoded region alters the kinetic properties of the myosin S1 head. This is reflected in reduced values for ATP-induced actomyosin dissociation rate constant (K(1)k(+2)) and ADP affinity (K(AD)), measured for the chimeric constructs IFI-9b and EMB-9a, compared to wild-type IFI and EMB values. Homology models indicate that, in addition to affecting the communication pathway between the nucleotide-binding pocket and the converter domain, exchange of the relay domains between IFI and EMB affects the communication pathway between the nucleotide-binding pocket and the actin-binding site in the lower 50-kDa domain (loop 2). These results suggest an important role of the relay domain in the regulation of actomyosin cross-bridge kinetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NJ, UK.
authors.forename: Marieke J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bloemink
authors.forename: Corey M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Dambacher
authors.forename: Aileen F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.forename: Girish C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Melkani
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Geeves
authors.forename: Sanford I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Bernstein
mesh_terms: D000205:Actomyosin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005091:Exons; D005426:Flight, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009218:Myosins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000205:Actomyosin; D009218:Myosins