Advanced proteomic technologies for cancer biomarker discovery.
Proteomic technologies have experienced major improvements in recent years. Such advances have facilitated the discovery of potential tumor markers with improved sensitivities and specificities for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment monitoring of cancer patients. This review will focus on four state-of-the-art proteomic technologies, namely 2D difference gel electrophoresis, MALDI imaging mass spectrometry, electron transfer dissociation mass spectrometry and reverse-phase protein array. The major advancements these techniques have brought about and examples of their applications in cancer biomarker discovery will be presented in this review, so that readers can appreciate the immense progress in proteomic technologies from 1997 to 2008. Finally, a summary will be presented that discusses current hurdles faced by proteomic researchers, such as the wide dynamic range of protein abundance, standardization of protocols and validation of cancer biomarkers, and a 5-year view of potential solutions to such problems will be provided.
Wong
Sze Chuen Cesar
SC
State Key Laboratory in Oncology in South China, Sir Y K Pao Centre for Cancer, Department of Clinical Oncology, Hong Kong Cancer Institute and Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cesar@clo.cuhk.edu.hk
Chan
Charles Ming Lok
CM
Ma
Brigette Buig Yue
BB
Lam
Money Yan Yee
MY
Choi
Gigi Ching Gee
GC
Au
Thomas Chi Chuen
TC
Chan
Andrew Sai Kit
AS
Chan
Anthony Tak Cheung
AT
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D006801:Humans; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor