title: Matching supply and demand for blood in Guizhou province, China: an unresolved challenge.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Problems with blood supply in China in the 1990s stimulated measures to achieve 100% voluntary donation but supply remains inadequate to meet demand.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of official policies, supplemented with observation of practice and interviews with key informants (potential and actual donors and health workers) in Guizhou province in Southern China.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interviewees perceived the transfusion system as a mutual social contract. However, some individuals were unwilling to donate because of concerns about health risks, the idea of transferring blood between people, wastage or profits being made from blood. Inappropriate incentives, including cash, were used to encourage donation. Recent reforms have increased confidence in donation and transfusion safety although concerns persist about misuse. There is a need to reduce unnecessary use of blood and its products.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  China still relies heavily on blood supplies obtained through quota, purchase or use of incentives. There is scope to expand voluntary donation further. However, as a priority it will be necessary to reduce overuse.
authors.affiliation: European Centre on Health of Societies in Transition, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McKee
mesh_terms: D001294:Attitude to Health; D001782:Blood Donors / Q000523:psychology* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002681:China; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D009042:Motivation; D019370:Observation; D012307:Risk Factors