title: Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy is not associated with early postoperative radiation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare open radical prostatectomy (RP) and robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP), and to determine whether RALP is associated with a higher risk of features that determine recommendations for postoperative radiation therapy (RT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing RP from 2003 to 2007 were stratified into two groups: open RP and RALP. Preoperative (PSA level, T stage and Gleason score), pathological factors (T stage, Gleason score, extracapsular extension [ECE] and the status of surgical margins and seminal vesicle invasion [SVI]) and early treatment with RT or referral for RT within 6 months were compared between the groups. Multivariate analysis was used to control for selection bias in the RALP group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 904 patients were identified; 368 underwent RALP and 536 underwent open RP (retropubic or perineal). Patients undergoing open RP had a higher pathological stage with ECE present in 24.8% vs 19.3% in RALP (P = 0.05) and SVI in 10.3% vs 3.8% (P < 0.001). In the RALP vs open RP group, there were positive surgical margins in 31.5% vs 31.9% (P = 0.9) and there were postoperative PSA levels of (3) 0.2 ng/mL in 5.7% vs 6.3% (P = 0.7), respectively. On multivariate analysis to control for selection bias, RALP was not associated with indication for RT (odds ratio (OR) 1.10, P = 0.55), or referral for RT (OR 1.04, P = 0.86).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RALP was not associated with an increase in either indication or referral for early postoperative RT.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. junzo.chino@duke.edu
authors.forename: Junzo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chino
authors.forename: Florian R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Schroeck
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: W Robert
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Albala
authors.forename: Judd W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Moul
authors.forename: Bridget F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Koontz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012371:Robotics; D016896:Treatment Outcome