title: Charles Bonnet syndrome: three cases in the emergency department.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) is a cause of visual hallucinations in elderly patients that is often unrecognized by emergency physicians and has a relatively benign course. As the population ages, it is likely that the number of cases of CBS will increase (and thus, the numbers of those who present to an Emergency Department [ED] will be increasing).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The case reports presented in this article will facilitate the recognition of CBS by the emergency physician.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe 3 patients who presented to one ED for visual disturbances and were diagnosed with CBS in a 4-month time period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recognition of this unusual but stereotypical cause of visual disturbances facilitates an accurate diagnosis, and spares patients the time and expense of blood testing, imaging, and consultations. If emergency physicians begin to recognize this benign entity, we can provide improved (and safer) patient care with appropriate ED interventions.
authors.affiliation: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.forename: J Lawrence
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mottley
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Edlow
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D013577:Syndrome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*