title: Changes in body composition with yogurt consumption during resistance training in women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Resistance training is an effective method to decrease body fat (BF) and increase fat-free mass (FFM) and fat oxidation (FO). Dairy foods containing calcium and vitamin D might enhance these benefits. This study investigated the combined effects of habitual yogurt consumption and resistance training on body composition and metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Untrained women (N = 35) participated in an 8-wk resistance-training program. The yogurt group (Y) consumed 3 servings of yogurt containing vitamin D per day, and the control groups maintained their baseline low-dairy-calcium diet. Postexercise, Y consumed 1 of the 3 servings/d fat-free yogurt, the protein group consumed an isocaloric product without calcium or vitamin D, and the carbohydrate group consumed an isocaloric product without protein. Strength, body composition, fasted resting metabolic rate (RMR) and FO, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured before and after training.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Calories (kcal x kg-1 x d-1) and protein (g x kg-1 x d-1) significantly increased from baseline for Y. FFM increased (main effect p = .002) and %BF decreased (main effect .02) for all groups with training, but Group x Time interactions were not observed. RMR and FO did not change with training for any group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Habitual consumption of yogurt during resistance training did not augment changes in body composition compared with a low-dairy diet. Y decreased %BF as a result of training, however, even with increased calorie consumption.
authors.affiliation: Div. of Health Sciences, Carroll College, Waukesha, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Stephanie J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Kristopher K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Hartz
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baldridge
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001481:Basal Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D015014:Yogurt; D055815:Young Adult