title: Managing quality in an anesthesia department.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a practical approach to measure and then improve the quality of an academic anesthesia department.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The quality of any entity is defined by the user. Anesthesia departments should adopt practices that meet their specific operational needs. The relative importance of each of the user groups will be determined by the purpose of an individual department. Four categories of users will be considered: patients, surgeons (and other proceduralists), the hospital organization and the department itself (i.e. faculty and trainees). Patients value avoiding nausea and vomiting and pain after surgery, surgeons want cases to start on time with low turnover times, and the hospital desires high throughput of surgical cases, all facilitated by department faculty who value professional development. Quality improvement efforts in anesthesia should be aligned with broad healthcare quality improvement initiatives and avoid distortions in perceptions of quality by over-emphasizing what is easily measurable at the expense of what is important.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Departments of anesthesia should develop performance criteria in multiple domains and recognize the importance of human relationships (between staff and between staff and patients) in quality and safety. To improve the value of anesthesia services, departments should identify their user groups, survey them to determine what attributes are important to the user, then deliver, measure, monitor and improve them on an ongoing basis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care & Pain Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, Australia. Cate.McIntosh@hnehealth.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macario
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000592:standards*; D000761:Anesthesia Department, Hospital / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D009873:Operating Rooms / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D013503:Surgery Department, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*