title: Facial pain: an update.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Review current literature in the field of chronic nondental facial pain as recent clinical research findings need to be put into practise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The areas covered include epidemiology and risk factors for facial pain, management of temporomandibular disorders, burning mouth syndrome, atypical odontalgia and trigeminal neuralgia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is an increasing awareness that facial pain is common and has similar risk factors to other chronic pain conditions. Some oral pain conditions are now being recognized as being probably neuropathic in origin rather than being due to psychological factors. A more biopsychosocial approach to management of these conditions is essential. The first international guidelines on management of trigeminal neuralgia have now been published and should help all clinicians seeing these patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Diagnostic, Surgical and Medical Sciences, Eastman Dental Hospital, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. jzakrzewska@nhs.net
authors.forename: Joanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zakrzewska
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D014277:Trigeminal Neuralgia / Q000175:diagnosis