title: Nanoholes as nanochannels: flow-through plasmonic sensing.
abstract: We combine nanofluidics and nanoplasmonics for surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing using flow-through nanohole arrays. The role of surface plasmons on resonant transmission motivates the application of nanohole arrays as surface-based biosensors. Research to date, however, has focused on dead-ended holes, and therefore failed to harness the benefits of nanoconfined transport combined with SPR sensing. The flow-through format enables rapid transport of reactants to the active surface inside the nanoholes, with potential for significantly improved time of analysis and biomarker yield through nanohole sieving. We apply the flow-through method to monitor the formation of a monolayer and the immobilization of an ovarian cancer biomarker specific antibody on the sensing surface in real-time. The flow-through method resulted in a 6-fold improvement in response time as compared to the established flow-over method.
authors.affiliation: Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Eftekhari
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Escobedo
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Emerson M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Girotto
authors.forename: Alexandre G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Brolo
authors.forename: Reuven
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sinton
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor