title: Evaluation of platelet function in dogs with cardiac disease using the PFA-100 platelet function analyzer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac disease has the potential to alter platelet function in dogs. Evaluation of platelet function using the PFA-100 analyzer in dogs of multiple breeds and with a broad range of cardiac conditions would help clarify the effect of cardiac disease on platelets.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess differences in closure time (CT) in dogs with cardiac disease associated with murmurs, when compared with that of healthy dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine dogs with cardiac murmurs and turbulent blood flow as determined echocardiographically were included in the study. The dogs represented 23 different breeds. Dogs with murmurs were further divided into those with atrioventricular valvular insufficiency (n=23) and subaortic stenosis (n=9). Fifty-eight clinically healthy dogs were used as controls. CTs were determined in duplicate on a PFA-100 analyzer using collagen/ADP cartridges.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with CTs in the control group (mean+/-SD, 57.6+/-5.9 seconds; median, 56.5 seconds; reference interval, 48.0-77.0 seconds), dogs with valvular insufficiency (mean+/-SD, 81.9+/-26.3 seconds; median, 78.0 seconds; range, 52.5-187 seconds), subaortic stenosis (71.4+/-16.5 seconds; median, 66.0 seconds; range, 51.5-95.0 seconds), and all dogs with murmurs combined (79.6+/-24.1 seconds; median, 74.0 seconds; range, 48.0-187 seconds) had significantly prolonged CTs (P<.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PFA-100 analyzer is useful in detecting platelet function defects in dogs with cardiac murmurs, most notably those caused by mitral and/or tricuspid valvular insufficiency or subaortic stenosis. The form of turbulent blood flow does not appear to be an important factor in platelet hypofunction in these forms of cardiac disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada. n.clancey@groupwise.upei.ca
authors.forename: Noel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Clancey
authors.forename: Shelley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Horney
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicastro
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Côté
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000502:physiology; D010976:Platelet Count / Q000662:veterinary; D010979:Platelet Function Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems