title: C-reactive protein is a determinant of first-ever stroke: prospective nested case-referent study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  C-reactive protein (CRP) is a determinant of stroke, but there are no prospective studies on CRP and first ischemic stroke divided into etiologic subtypes. Our primary aim was to study CRP as a determinant of ischemic stroke, classified according to Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria, and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in a prospective study. A secondary aim was to study the relationship between the 1444C>T polymorphism, plasma levels of CRP and stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a prospective population-based case-referent study nested within the Northern Sweden Cohorts. We defined 308 cases of ischemic stroke and 61 ICH. Two controls for each case were defined from the same cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The OR for the highest (>3 mg/l) versus lowest group (<1 mg/l) of CRP was 2.58 (95% CI 1.74-3.84) for ischemic stroke and 1.63 (95% CI 0.67-3.93) for ICH. In a multivariate model including traditional risk factors, CRP remained associated with ischemic stroke (OR 2.06; 95% CI 1.29-3.29). Small-vessel disease was associated with CRP in the multivariate model (OR 3.88; 95% CI 1.10-13.7). The CRP 1444 (CC/CT vs. TT) polymorphism was associated with plasma levels of CRP but neither with ischemic stroke nor with ICH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This prospective population-based study shows that CRP is significantly associated with the risk of having a first ischemic stroke, especially for small-vessel disease. No significant associations were found between the CRP 1444C>T polymorphism and any stroke subtype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Skellefteå County Hospital, Skellefteå, Sweden. jonas.so.andersson@vll.se
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ladenvall
authors.forename: Per-Gunnar
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Wiklund
authors.forename: Birgitta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stegmayr
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jern
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boman
mesh_terms: D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein