title: Comparative efficiency of Class II malocclusion treatment with the pendulum appliance or two maxillary premolar extractions and edgewise appliances [corrected].
abstract: The objective of this study was to compare, on study models and initial cephalograms, the efficiency of Class II malocclusion treatment with the pendulum appliance, and with two maxillary premolar extraction protocol. The sample consisted of 48 treated Class II malocclusion patients: group 1 comprised 22 patients (7 males, 15 females) treated with the pendulum appliance, with an initial mean age of 14.44 years and group 2, 26 patients (14 males, 12 females) treated with two maxillary premolar extractions at an initial mean age of 13.66 years. To compare the efficiency of each treatment protocol, the occlusal outcomes were evaluated on dental casts using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) Index and the treatment time (TT) of each group was calculated on clinical charts. The degree of treatment efficiency was calculated as the ratio between the percentage of occlusal improvement, evaluated through the PAR index, and TT. Statistical analysis was undertaken by means of t-tests. The findings demonstrated that the two maxillary premolar extraction protocol provided the occlusal outcomes in a shorter time (group 1: 45.7 months, group 2: 23.01 months) and, therefore, demonstrated greater treatment efficiency than the pendulum appliance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Brazil. cepinzan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Célia Regina Maio
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Pinzan-Vercelino
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Janson
authors.forename: Arnaldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinzan
authors.forename: Renato Rodrigues
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Marcos Roberto
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.forename: Karina Maria Salvatore
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: de Freitas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry; D020724:Elastomers; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D003765:Models, Dental; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D018024:Peer Review, Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014716:Vertical Dimension
chemical_list: D020724:Elastomers