title: [Ischemic hepatitis in hepatitis B related liver cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: clinical features and prognostic implications].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the incidence, clinical features and prognostic implications of ischemic hepatitis in hepatitis B related liver cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  By retrospective review of the medical records of all 264 inpatients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage of hepatitis B related liver cirrhosis from January 1st 2007 to November 30th 2008, 11 patients with ischemic hepatitis (IH) were identified. The clinical features and prognostic implications were compared between the IH patients and 30 patients without ischemic hepatitis (control group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of ischemic hepatitis was 4.17% in hepatitis B related liver cirrhotic patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The patients in IH group were younger than those in control group, the average age was (43.1+/-5.7) in IH group and (52.3+/-11.1) in control group (P=0.013). The serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were increased more than 20-fold above the upper limit of normal values, and returned to normal values within 10 days. Compared to the control group, total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphates, gamma-glutamyltransferase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and white blood cells were increased, while serum cholinesterase was decreased in IH group (P<0.05). The fatality rate of ischemic hepatitis was much higher than that of control group (54.5% vs 16.7%, P=0.041). The main causes of death in IH group were infection, hepatorenal syndrome and hepatic encephalopathy. The patients in IH group lost 200 to 3600 milliliter blood, and hemorrhagic shock occurred in 63.6% (7/11) of IH patients. Therefore the bleeding volume was not correlated with the occurrence rate of ischemic hepatitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ischemic hepatitis may occur secondary to upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in hepatitis B related liver cirrhosis. The risk factors of ischemic hepatitis in cirrhositic patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage are young and with hemorrhagic shock, and poor liver function. It is important to use antibiotics in time to improve the prognosis of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing You'an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
authors.forename: Chun-lei
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Pei-ling
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ou-Yang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chun-xia
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Ping
authors.forename: Hui-guo
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase