Murine norovirus infection has no significant effect on adaptive immunity to vaccinia virus or influenza A virus.
Murine norovirus (MNV) is endemic in many research mouse colonies. Although MNV infections are typically asymptomatic in immunocompetent mice, the effects of MNV infection on subsequent experimental viral infections are poorly documented. Here, we infected C57BL/6 mice with MNV and then with either vaccinia virus or influenza A virus. MNV infection had no effect on CD8(+) T-cell or antibody responses to secondary viruses or to secondary virus-induced morbidity or mortality. While our findings suggest that MNV has little influence on host immunity in immunocompetent mice, we would urge caution regarding the potential effects of MNV on immune responses to viruses and other pathogens, which must be determined on a system-by-system basis.
Hensley
Scott E
SE
Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 208921, USA.
Pinto
Amelia K
AK
Hickman
Heather D
HD
Kastenmayer
Robin J
RJ
Bennink
Jack R
JR
Virgin
Herbert W
HW
Yewdell
Jonathan W
JW
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D029322:Norovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014615:Vaccinia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral