title: Psychological symptoms are greater in caregivers of patients on hemodialysis than those of peritoneal dialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare psychosocial characteristics in caregiving relatives (caregivers) of hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three caregivers (17 women, 16 men) of HD patients, 27 caregivers (11 women, 16 men) of PD patients, and a control group of 49 subjects who do not care for family members with chronic illness (23 women, 26 men) are included in this study. The brief symptom inventory (BSI), social disability schedule (SDS), and brief disability questionnaire (BDQ) were used for the psychosocial evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age, men-to-women ratios, duration of education, and distribution of marital status did not differ significantly among the three groups. In addition, dialysis duration and distribution of caregiver type were not different between the HD and PD groups. Although the mean global severity index scores of the three groups were similar, somatization and depression scores from BSI subitems were greater in the HD group than the scores of the PD and control groups. Although the mean SDS and BDQ scores were higher in the HD group, the differences did not achieve statistical significance. BSI subitems such as somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, and anxiety were positively correlated among themselves. Hostility and somatization were negatively correlated with age and education, respectively. Nevertheless, somatization was positively correlated with age. Social disability was negatively correlated with duration of education.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Somatization and depression are greater in the caregivers of center HD patients compared to PD and control groups. According to the findings of this study, we suggest that caregiving family members of dialysis patients especially on HD also should be evaluated for psychosocial problems and supported as needed. Further studies are needed to explore whether psychosocial parameters of caregivers predict outcomes for caregivers and patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Isparta, Turkey. tugrul@med.sdu.edu.tr
authors.forename: M Tugrul
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Sezer
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Eren
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ozcankaya
authors.forename: Ikbal
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Civi
authors.forename: Jale
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Erturk
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozturk