Factor H and neisserial pathogenesis.
Both Neisseria gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis bind to factor H which enhances their ability to evade complement-dependent killing. While porin is the ligand for human fH on gonococci, meningococci use a lipoprotein called factor H binding protein (fHbp) to bind to factor H and enhance their ability to evade complement-dependent killing. This protein is currently being intensively investigated as a meningococcal vaccine candidate antigen. Consistent with the observation that meningococci cause natural infection only in humans, the organism resists human complement, and are more readily killed by complement from lower animals. This human species-specific complement evasion has important implications for evaluation of vaccine-elicited antibodies using non-human complement sources and development of animal models of disease.
Welsch
Jo Anne
JA
Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA, USA.
Ram
Sanjay
S
D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D001770:Blood Bactericidal Activity; D017242:Complement Factor H / Q000502:physiology*; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000172:deficiency; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D008589:Meningococcal Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013045:Species Specificity
D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines; C484699:factor H-binding protein, Neisseria meningitidis; C023023:lipid-linked oligosaccharides; D017242:Complement Factor H; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid