title: MR imaging findings of small bowel hemorrhage: two cases of mural involvement and one of perimural.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the MR appearance of small bowel wall hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  A search was performed of the clinical information system (CIS) and the abdominal MRI databases of our institution for patients diagnosed with bowel hemorrhage on MRI between January 1, 2000, and July 31, 2008. All patients were imaged using a protocol that included noncontrast T1- and T2-weighted images and postgadolinium gradient echo images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two male patients, 44 and 55 years of age, were identified with small bowel mural hemorrhage, one in the duodenum and one in the jejunum. A third patient, a 66-year-old man, was identified with perimural hematoma. The following imaging features were observed: for mural hemorrhage, mural-based increased signal intensity (SI) in the bowel wall on fat suppressed T1-weighted images, variable increased SI on T2-weighted images and no appreciable enhancement on the postcontrast T1-weighted image; perimural hemorrhage exhibited normal thickness low SI wall on T2-weighted single shot images, with ill-defined material surrounding the bowel. SI features of this material, was similar to mural-based abnormality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In two patients with small bowel wall hemorrhage, the wall showed increased thickness with increased SI on noncontrast T1-weighted images and lack of enhancement on postgadolinium images. Perimural hematoma showed an intact normal thickness wall that was low SI on T2 with surrounding material that was high SI on noncontrast T1-weighted images and did not enhance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Polytimi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leonardou
authors.forename: Andrea S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kierans
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elazazzi
authors.forename: Faiq
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shaikh
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Semelka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged