Fatty acid metabolism in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria bicolor.
Here, the genome sequence of the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete Laccaria bicolorwas explored with the aim of constructing a genome-wide inventory of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. Sixty-three genes of the major pathways were annotated and validated by the detection of the corresponding transcripts. Seventy-one per cent belonged to multigene families of up to five members. In the mycelium of L. bicolor, 19 different fatty acids were detected, including at low concentrations palmitvaccenic acid (16:1(11Z)), which is known to be a marker for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The pathways of fatty acid biosynthesis and degradation in L. bicolor were reconstructed using lipid composition, gene annotation and transcriptional analysis. Annotation results indicated that saturated fatty acids were degraded in mitochondria, whereas degradation of modified fatty acids was confined to peroxisomes. Fatty acid synthase (FAS) was the second largest protein annotated in L. bicolor. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that L. bicolor, Ustilago maydis and Coprinopsis cinerea have a vertebrate-like type I FAS encoded as a single protein, whereas in other basidiomycetes, including the human pathogenic basidiomycete Cryptococcus neoformans, and in most ascomycetes FAS is composed of the two structurally distinct subunits α and β.
Reich
Marlis
M
INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)-Nancy Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, France.|Büsgen-Institut, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Göbel
Cornelia
C
Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Biochemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Kohler
Annegret
A
INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)-Nancy Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, France.
Buée
Marc
M
INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)-Nancy Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, France.
Martin
Francis
F
INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique)-Nancy Université, UMR1136, Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, INRA-Nancy, France.
Feussner
Ivo
I
Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Biochemistry, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Polle
Andrea
A
Büsgen-Institut, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways / Q000235:genetics; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D055399:Laccaria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D028224:Pseudotsuga / Q000382:microbiology
D005227:Fatty Acids; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases