title: Verbal communication among Alzheimer's disease patients, their caregivers, and primary care physicians during primary care office visits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary care visits of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) often involve communication among patients, family caregivers, and primary care physicians (PCPs). The objective of this study was to understand the nature of each individual's verbal participation in these triadic interactions.
  
  
  METHODS
  To define the verbal communication dynamics of AD care triads, we compared verbal participation (percent of total visit speech) by each participant in patient/caregiver/PCP triads. Twenty-three triads were audio taped during a routine primary care visit. Rates of verbal participation were described and effects of patient cognitive status (MMSE score, verbal fluency) on verbal participation were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCP verbal participation was highest at 53% of total visit speech, followed by caregivers (31%) and patients (16%). Patient cognitive measures were related to patient and caregiver verbal participation, but not to PCP participation. Caregiver satisfaction with interpersonal treatment by PCP was positively related to caregiver's own verbal participation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Caregivers of AD patients and PCPs maintain active, coordinated verbal participation in primary care visits while patients participate less.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Encouraging verbal participation by AD patients and their caregivers may increase the AD patient's active role and caregiver satisfaction with primary care visits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. kschmidt@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lingler
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schulz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009819:Office Visits; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014705:Verbal Behavior