title: Flap design for guided tissue regeneration surgery in the esthetic zone: the "whale's tail" technique.
abstract: The aim of this paper was to describe a new surgical technique designed to preserve interdental tissue in guided tissue regeneration. This procedure was created to specifically regenerate wide intrabony defects in the esthetic zone. Fourteen subjects with an intraosseous defect in the maxillary incisor region took part in this clinical study. The defects were treated with bioresorbable membranes in combination with a bovine bone mineral graft. At baseline and at 12 months after surgery, the following clinical parameters were measured: full-mouth plaque scores, full-mouth bleeding scores, probing pocket depths, clinical attachment levels, and gingival recession. A significant gain in clinical attachment level (4.57 +/- 0.65 mm) and a reduction in probing depths (5.14 +/- 0.95 mm) were reported 12 months after surgery. The surgical technique allowed complete flap closure in every treated site, resulting in significant improvement of the clinical parameters; thus, it appeared especially appropriate for the treatment of wide defects in the esthetic zone.
authors.affiliation: Corso di Laurea in Igiene Dentale (CLID), Vita Salute University San Raffaele, Milano, Italy. andrea.ebianchi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Andrea E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Achille
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bassetti
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000328:Adult; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000601:surgery; D005893:Gingivoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals; D010512:Periodontal Index; D013524:Surgical Flaps
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008903:Minerals