title: Keratin 18 provides resistance to Fas-mediated liver failure in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Keratins are intermediate filament proteins of epithelial cells with pivotal functions for cell integrity. They comprise keratins 18 [K18] and 8 [K8] in hepatocytes. Keratins are of major importance for an intact cellular microarchitecture and have protective functions in human liver diseases. In mice, K8 has been demonstrated to protect against Fas-antibody-induced liver failure by direct interaction with apoptotic regulators, while the role of K18 remains unresolved.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed effects of K18 deficiency on Fas-induced liver failure in mice. We determined survival and analysed induction of apoptosis after injection of the agonistic Fas antibody Jo2 into K18(-/-) and wild-type control mice by TUNEL assay and fluorometrically analysed caspase-3, -8 and -9 activities 1, 2 and 3 h after Jo2 injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In K18(-/-) mice, survival of Fas-antibody treated mice was significantly shorter than that of wild-type controls (P = 0.02). However, shortened survival of K18(-/-) mice was caused by increased hepatic damage but was not correlated to enhanced induction of apoptotic pathways, as neither numbers of TUNEL positive apoptotic cells nor activities of caspases-3, -8 and -9 differed between K18(-/-) and K18(+/+) mice at any point of time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  K18(-/-) mice are significantly more susceptible to Fas-antibody-induced liver failure. The cytoprotective effect of K18 is not explained by a differential activation of caspases-3, -8 and -9, suggesting that K18 does not directly interfere with apoptotic regulators. Importantly, however, K18 exerts significant protective functions by other mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Evangelisches Krankenhaus Kalk, Cologne, Germany. l.leifeld@gmx.de
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leifeld
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kothe
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Söhl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hesse
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sauerbruch
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Magin
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Spengler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020169:Caspases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053538:Keratin-18 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053533:Keratin-8; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C498892:Faim protein, mouse; D053538:Keratin-18; D053533:Keratin-8; C486595:Krt8 protein, mouse; D020169:Caspases