title: Evaluation of dicloran's contribution to the mutagenic activity of Cristais River, Brazil, water samples.
abstract: 2,6-Dichloro-4-nitroaniline (dicloran) is a mutagenic aromatic amine used as an agricultural fungicide and in the synthesis of disperse dyes. It is a known mutagen (Salmonella/microsome assay) in strains TA98 and TA100. Dicloran was initially detected, but not quantified, in the Cristais River, Brazil. The objective of the present study was to estimate the contribution of dicloran to mutagenic activity in samples from this river. Dicloran was found in the raw water at 0.14 microg/L but not in the treated water. Comparison of mutagenic potencies in Salmonella strain YG1041 for dicloran and the river water sample indicated that dicloran contributed less than 0.1% of total mutagenic activity.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clinicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas (USP), Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Danielle Palma
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakagami
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Fábio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kummrow
authors.forename: Gisela de Aragão
authors.initials: Gde A
authors.lastname: Umbuzeiro
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D009153:Mutagens; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C004354:dicloran