title: Genetic structure and variability of virus populations in cross-protected grapevines superinfected by Grapevine fanleaf virus.
abstract: Recombination was assessed in a vineyard site in which grapevines cross-protected with mild strains GHu of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) or Ta of Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) were superinfected with GFLV field isolates following transmission by the nematode vector Xiphinema index. The genetic structure and variability within RNA2 of isolates from grapevines co-infected with GFLV field isolates and either GFLV-GHu or ArMV-Ta were characterized to identify intra- and interspecies recombinants. Sequence analysis and phylogenetic relationships inferred intraspecies recombination among GFLV field isolates but not between field isolates and GFLV-GHu. SISCAN analysis confirmed a mosaic structure for two GFLV field isolates for which recombination sites were located in the movement protein and coat protein genes. One of the recombinants was found in eight grapevines that were in close spatial proximity within the vineyard site, suggesting its transmission by X. index. No interspecies recombination was detected between GFLV field isolates and ArMV-Ta. Altogether, our findings suggest that mild protective strains GFLV-GHu and ArMV-Ta did not assist the emergence of viable recombinants to detectable level during a 12-year cross-protection trial. To our knowledge, this is the first extensive characterization of the genetic structure and variability of virus isolates in cross-protected plants.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique and Université de Strasbourg, Unité Mixte de Recherche Santé de la Vigne et Qualité du Vin 1131, 68021 Colmar, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vigne
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marmonier
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Komar
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lemaire
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fuchs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009348:Nematoda; D017860:Nepovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D027843:Vitis / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral