title: Placental steroidogenesis in rats is independent of signaling pathways induced by retinoic acids.
abstract: We investigated the effects of retinoic acids (RAs) on steroid hormone production and mRNA expression of steroidogenic enzymes in rat placenta in vitro and in vivo. In the rat trophoblast giant cell line Rcho-1, the natural retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist 9-cis retinoic acid (9cRA) and synthetic RXR agonist LG100268 slightly promoted production of progesterone and androgen, whereas the natural retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonist all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) and synthetic RAR agonist TTNPB did not. Furthermore, although administration of atRA and 9cRA into the rat uterus at 13.5days postcoitum robustly induced mRNA expression of cellular retinol binding protein II, the gene for which is targeted by RAR and/or RXR, in the placenta, neither RA affected the expression of placental steroidogenic enzymes, and both had little effect on progesterone and androgen levels in the placenta and embryo, suggesting that placental steroidogenesis is not regulated by RAs in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Youhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hiromori
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Michihiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ike
authors.forename: Hisamitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
mesh_terms: D000077556:Alitretinoin; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001565:Benzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005260:Female; D009539:Nicotinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D012176:Retinoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D054840:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Cellular / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001565:Benzoates; D009539:Nicotinic Acids; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D012176:Retinoids; D054840:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Cellular; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D000077556:Alitretinoin; D011374:Progesterone; D014212:Tretinoin; C038864:4-(2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl)benzoic acid; C095104:LG 100268