title: Unreamed intramedullary nailing with oblique proximal and biplanar distal interlocking screws for proximal third tibial fractures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the outcome of unreamed intramedullary nailing through the lateralised entry point using oblique proximal and biplanar distal interlocking screws.
  
  
  METHODS
  15 men and 3 women aged 25 to 58 (mean, 37) years underwent unreamed intramedullary nailing with oblique proximal and biplanar distal interlocking screws for proximal third metaphyseal tibial fractures. The entry point was kept proximal to the tibial tuberosity and slightly lateral to midline. Proximal locking was at 45 degrees to the coronal and sagittal planes. Biplanar distal locking was in the coronal and sagittal planes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  16 patients had bone union within 20 (mean, 17; range, 14-27) weeks; 2 underwent dynamisation for delayed union. Three patients had valgus angulation of less than 5 degrees; 2 had a loss of terminal knee flexion; 3 had a loss of ankle dorsiflexion; and 3 had shortening of more than 0.5 cm. Functional outcomes were excellent in 13, good in 4, and fair in one patient. No patient endured neurovascular injury, compartment syndrome or implant failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unreamed intramedullary nailing with oblique proximal and biplanar distal interlocking screws for proximal third tibial fractures was effective in preventing malalignment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Luton and Dunstable Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Luton, United Kingdom. we.publish@googlemail.com
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chandra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001863:Bone Screws; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome