title: Isolation and characterization of human dental pulp stem/stromal cells from nonextracted crown-fractured teeth requiring root canal therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human dental pulp stem/stromal cells (hDPSCs) in adults are primarily derived from the pulp tissues of permanent third molar teeth in existing literatures, whereas no reports exist, to our knowledge, on deriving hDPSCs from a tooth without the need for surgical procedure. The aim of this study was to raise a novel idea to source hDPSCs from complicated crown-fractured teeth requiring root canal therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  hDPSCs were harvested from the pulp tissues for two complicated crown-fractured teeth requiring root canal therapy, retaining the teeth for subsequent prosthodontic rehabilitation, in a 41-year-old woman who had suffered a motorcycle accident. Pulp tissue from the left lower deciduous canine of a healthy 10-year-old boy (the positive control) was also removed because of high mobility and cultured for hDPSCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hDPSCs derived from the two complicated crown-fractured teeth and the deciduous tooth were able to differentiate into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineages and also expressed stem cells markers and differentiation markers, which indicated their stem cell origin and differentiation capability. In addition, hDPSCs from both the complicated crown-fractured teeth and the deciduous tooth showed high expression for bone marrow stem cell markers including CD29, CD90, and CD105 and exhibited very low expression of markers specific for hematopoietic cells such as CD14, CD34, and CD45.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report describes the successful isolation and characterization of hDPSCs from the pulp tissue of complicated crown-fractured teeth without tooth extraction. Therefore, pulp exposed in complicated crown-fractured teeth might represent a valuable source of personal hDPSCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Anderson Hsien-Cheng
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yuk-Kwan
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Anthony Wing-Sang
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Tien-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Shieh
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002648:Child; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000473:pathology*; D000071063:Endoglin; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000293:injuries; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000032:analysis; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000032:analysis; D012390:Root Canal Therapy; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000293:injuries*; D014082:Tooth Fractures / Q000473:pathology*; D014086:Tooth Mobility / Q000473:pathology; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; C064206:ENG protein, human; D000071063:Endoglin; D019012:Integrin beta1; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; C516769:PTPRC protein, human