title: Pressure activates epidermal growth factor receptor leading to the induction of iNOS via NFkappaB and STAT3 in human proximal tubule cells.
abstract: Ureteral obstruction leads to increased pressure and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. This study examined the involvement of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR), nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), and signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) in iNOS induction in human proximal tubule (HKC-8) cells in response to pressure or EGF. HKC-8 cells were subjected to 60 mmHg pressure or treated with EGF for 0-36 h. iNOS was more rapidly induced in response to EGF than pressure. The addition of EGFR, NFkappaB, and STAT3 inhibitors significantly suppressed pressure- or EGF-stimulated iNOS mRNA and protein expression. Analysis of the activated states of EGFR, NFkappaB p65, and STAT3 after exposure to both stimuli demonstrated phosphorylation within 2.5 min. Anti-EGF antibody inhibited iNOS induction in pressurized HKC-8 cells, providing evidence that endogenous EGF mediates the response to pressure. In ureteral obstruction, when pressure is elevated, phosphorylated EGFR was detected in the apical surface of the renal tubules, validating the in vitro findings. These data indicate that EGFR, NFkappaB, and STAT3 are required for human iNOS gene induction in response to pressure or EGF, indicating a similar mechanism of activation.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Pediatric Urology, Deptartment of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Nalini V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Broadbelt
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Randi B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: Dix P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Poppas
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Felsen
mesh_terms: D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors