title: Sex steroid receptors in skeletal differentiation and epithelial neoplasia: is tissue-specific intervention possible?
abstract: Sex steroids, through their receptors, have potent effects on the signal pathways involved in osteogenic or myogenic differentiation. However, a considerable segment of those signal pathways has a prominent role in epithelial neoplastic transformation. The capability to intervene locally has focused on specific ligands for the receptors. Nevertheless, many signals are mapped to interactions of steroid receptor motifs with heterologous regulatory proteins. Some of those proteins interact with the glucocorticoid receptor and other factors essential to cell fate. Interactions of steroid receptor domain motifs with heterologous proteins affect specific target pathways; consequently, manipulation of specified protein modules complexed with steroid receptors may be a next major step for enhancing molecular targeted therapeutics. In the future, intervention at specific sections of receptor primary sequence may prove therapeutically more efficient in targeting pathways of choice than ligand selectivity can be.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Copland
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sheffield-Moore
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koldzic-Zivanovic
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gentry
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lamprou
authors.forename: Fotini
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tzortzatou-Stathopoulou
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zoumpourlis
authors.forename: Randall J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: Spiros A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Vlahopoulos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D011987:Receptors, Steroid