title: Liver-enriched transcription factors are critical for the expression of hepatocyte marker genes in mES-derived hepatocyte-lineage cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Induction of stem cell differentiation toward functional hepatocytes is hampered by lack of knowledge of the hepatocyte differentiation processes. The overall objective of this project is to characterize key stages in the hepatocyte differentiation process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We established a mouse embryonic stem (mES) cell culture system which exhibited changes in gene expression profiles similar to those observed in the development of endodermal and hepatocyte-lineage cells previously described in the normal mouse embryo. Transgenic mES cells were established that permitted isolation of enriched hepatocyte-lineage populations. This approach has isolated mES-derived hepatocyte-lineage cells that express several markers of mature hepatocytes including albumin, glucose-6-phosphatase, tyrosine aminotransferase, cytochrome P450-3a, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase. In addition, our results show that the up-regulation of the expression levels of hepatocyte nuclear factor-3alpha, -4alpha, -6, and CCAAT-enhancer binding protein-beta might be critical for passage into late-stage differentiation towards functional hepatocytes. These data present important steps for definition of regulatory phenomena that direct specific cell fate determination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mES cell culture system generated in this study provides a model for studying transition between stages of the hepatocyte development and has significant potential value for studying the molecular basis of hepatocyte differentiation in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK. pkheolamai@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Pakpoom
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kheolamai
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Dickson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D019070:Cell Lineage; D003470:Culture Media; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003470:Culture Media; D014157:Transcription Factors