title: The effect of trimipramine on dream recall and dream emotions in depressive outpatients.
abstract: Trimipramine is a sedating tricyclic antidepressant which is not only effective in the treatment of depression but also in primary insomnia. In contrast to most other antidepressants, trimipramine does not affect rapid eye movement sleep. In a large sample of depressive outpatients (N = 3926), the effect of trimipramine on dream recall and dream emotions was studied. The effect of trimipramine on dream recall was small and might be explained by the reduction of negatively toned dreams. The 4-week treatment with trimipramine yielded a considerable shift in dream emotions towards the positive end of the scale, which is paralleled by the decrease of symptom severity. The present findings support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming by demonstrating a close link between waking-life symptomatolgy and negative dream emotions. Future studies should analyze dream content in order to support the hypothesis that improvement in day-time symptoms is reflected in patients' dreams.
authors.affiliation: Sleep laboratory, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany. Michael.Schredl@zi-mannheim.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schredl
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riemann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004325:Dreams / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000187:drug effects*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000187:drug effects; D014299:Trimipramine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014299:Trimipramine