title: Double stranded-RNA-mediated activation of P21 gene induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Small double stranded RNAs (dsRNA) are a new class of molecules which regulate gene expression. Accumulating data suggest that some dsRNA can function as tumor suppressors. Here, we report further evidence on the potential of dsRNA mediated p21 induction. Using the human renal cell carcinoma cell line A498, we found that dsRNA targeting the p21 promoter significantly induced the expression of p21 mRNA and protein levels. As a result, dsP21 transfected cells had a significant decrease in cell viability with a concomitant G1 arrest. We also observed a significant increase in apoptosis. These findings were associated with a significant decrease in survivin mRNA and protein levels. This is the first report that demonstrates dsRNA mediated gene activation in renal cell carcinoma and suggests that forced over-expression of p21 may lead to an increase in apoptosis through a survivin dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: University of California San Francisco, Department of Urology, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
authors.forename: Jared M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Whitson
authors.forename: Emily J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Noonan
authors.forename: Deepa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pookot
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Place
authors.forename: Rajvir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dahiya
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D000077022:Survivin
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D017931:DNA Primers; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000077022:Survivin