title: Seizure outcome of epilepsy surgery in focal epilepsies associated with temporomesial glioneuronal tumors: lesionectomy compared with tailored resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors retrospectively analyzed and compared seizure outcome in a series of 28 patients with temporomesial glioneuronal tumors associated with epilepsy who underwent 1 of 2 different epilepsy surgery procedures: lesionectomy or tailored resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 28 patients were divided into 2 groups, with 14 cases in each group. In Group A, surgery was limited to the tumor (lesionectomy), whereas Group B patients underwent tailored resection involving removal of the tumor and the epileptogenic zone as identified by a neurophysiological noninvasive presurgical study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group A (10 male and 4 female patients) the interval between onset of seizures and surgery ranged from 1 to 33 years (mean 10.6 years). Patients' ages ranged from 3 to 61 years (mean 23.1 years). The epileptogenic lesion was on the left side in 6 patients and the right in 8 patients. Mean follow-up was 9.8 years (range 6.5-15 years). The Engel classification system, used to determine postoperative seizure outcome, showed 6 patients (42.8%) were Engel Class I and 8 (57.1%) were Engel Class II. In Group B (6 male and 8 female patients) the interval between onset of seizures and surgery ranged from 0.5 to 25 years (mean 8.6 years). Patients' ages ranged from 3 to 48 years (mean 22.3 years). The tumor and associated epileptogenic area was on the right side in 8 patients and the left in 6 patients. Mean follow-up duration was 3.5 years (range 1-6.5 years). Postoperative seizure outcome was Engel Class I in 13 patients (93%) and Engel Class II in 1 (7.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors' results demonstrate a better seizure outcome for temporomesial glioneuronal tumors associated with epilepsy in patients who underwent tailored resection rather than simple lesionectomy (p = 0.005). For temporomesial glioneuronal tumors associated with epilepsy, performing a presurgical noninvasive neurophysiological study intended to identify the epileptogenic zone is necessary for planning a tailored surgery. Using this surgical strategy, the presence of temporomesial glioneuronal tumors constitutes a predictive factor of excellent seizure outcome, and therefore surgical treatment can be offered early to avoid both the consequences of uncontrolled seizures as well as the side effects of pharmacological therapy.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Neurosurgery and.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giulioni
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rubboli
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marucci
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martinoni
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Volpi
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Michelucci
authors.forename: Anna Federica
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Marliani
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bisulli
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tinuper
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castana
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sartori
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Calbucci
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult