title: Abdominoplasty with direct resection of deep fat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Suction-assisted lipectomy is an integral component of abdominoplasty for many surgeons. Its potential to affect the vascularity of the abdominal flap is usually offset by limiting the extent of undermining and not suctioning the central flap. The authors address whether these guidelines apply to direct excision of subscarpal fat and whether direct excision provides aesthetically superior abdominoplasty results with fewer complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 10-year review of consecutive abdominoplasty patients (n = 181) was conducted. Undermining was done to the xyphoid and just beyond the lower rib margins superiorly and at least as far as the anterior axillary line laterally. Fat deep to Scarpa's fascia was removed by tangential excision in all zones of the abdominal flap, including those considered at high risk for vascular compromise if subjected to liposuction after similar undermining. Concurrent liposuction of the abdominal flap was not done. Thirty patients had concurrent flank liposuction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patients experienced major full-thickness tissue loss. The incidence of limited necrosis at the incision line requiring subsequent scar revision was 0.7 percent in the 151 patients having abdominoplasty and 6.7 percent in the 30 patients having abdominoplasty combined with flank liposuction. Erythema and/or epidermolysis was seen in 4.8 percent of the abdominoplasty patients and 10 percent of the abdominoplasty/ flank liposuction group. The rate of seroma formation in both groups was approximately 16.5 percent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct excision of subscarpal fat does not subject any zone of the abdominoplasty flap to increased risks of vascular compromise. It is a safe technique that provides excellent abdominoplasty results.
authors.affiliation: San Mateo, Calif. From the San Mateo Surgery Center.
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Brink
authors.forename: Joel B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Catherine Michelle
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Anne Christine
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000601:surgery*; D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D015187:Lipectomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014945:Wound Healing