title: Association of estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms with cytokine genes expression in systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the association of estrogen receptor alpha (OR alpha) gene polymorphisms with cytokine genes expression in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was extracted and polymorphisms of XbaI, Ukrainian (XX, Xx, or xx genotype) and PvuII (PP, Pp, or pp) in intron 1 of OR alpha gene were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method. The messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-4, interferon (IFN)-gamma, and IL-2 were assessed by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with SLE with PpXx genotype, IL-10 and IL-4 mRNA expression was higher (P < 0.001 and P = 0.013, respectively), while in patients with SLE with Ppxx genotype IFN-gamma and IL-2 mRNA expression was lower than in controls (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in mRNA expression of 4 cytokines among controls with various genotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OR alpha gene polymorphism may be associated with the expression of IL-10, IL-4, IL-2, and IFN-gamma in patients with SLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Zi-E
authors.initials: ZE
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yi-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chun-Xiao
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chang-Yin
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bing-Chang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Yu-Lian
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Zhi-Xiang
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Che
authors.forename: Zi-Jiang
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yue-Ran
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger