Dual localization of fumarase is dependent on the integrity of the glyoxylate shunt.
Fumarase and aconitase in yeast are dual localized to the cytosol and mitochondria by a similar targeting mechanism. These two tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes are single translation products that are targeted to and processed by mitochondrial processing peptidase in mitochondria prior to distribution. The mechanism includes reverse translocation of a subset of processed molecules back into the cytosol. Here, we show that either depletion or overexpression of Cit2 (cytosolic citrate synthase) causes the vast majority of fumarase to be fully imported into mitochondria with a tiny amount or no fumarase in the cytosol. Normal dual distribution of fumarase (similar amounts in the cytosol and mitochondria) depends on an enzymatically active Cit2. Glyoxylate shunt deletion mutations (Deltamls1, Deltaaco1 and Deltaicl1) exhibit an altered fumarase dual distribution (like in Deltacit2). Finally, when succinic acid, a product of the glyoxylate shunt, is added to the growth medium, fumarase dual distribution is altered such that there are lower levels of fumarase in the cytosol. This study suggests that the cytosolic localization of a distributed mitochondrial protein is governed by intracellular metabolite cues. Specifically, we suggest that metabolites of the glyoxylate shunt act as 'nanosensors' for fumarase subcellular targeting and distribution. The possible mechanisms involved are discussed.
Regev-Rudzki
Neta
N
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
Battat
Emil
E
Goldberg
Israel
I
Pines
Ophry
O
D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D005649:Fumarate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006038:Glyoxylates / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D021381:Protein Transport; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D019802:Succinic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
D006038:Glyoxylates; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D019802:Succinic Acid; D005649:Fumarate Hydratase; C031150:glyoxylic acid