Causes of deafness in British Bangladeshi children: a prevalence twice that of the UK population cannot be accounted for by consanguinity alone.
OBJECTIVE
To study the causes and prevalence of sensorineural deafness in Bangladeshi children resident in East London.


METHODS
This was a cross sectional survey of children of Bangladeshi origin living in East London with bilateral sensorineural hearing loss of 40 db HL or more. In this study, 134 patients were included. The study looked primarily at the causes of sensorineural hearing loss in this population.


RESULTS
The prevalence of deafness in Bangladeshi children in East London is approximately 3.86 per 1000 [95% confidence intervals (CI) 3.20, 4.65] which is significantly greater than the average UK prevalence of 1.65 per 1000. The prevalence of deafness in these Bangladeshi children belonging to non-consanguineous families only, the prevalence falls to 2.73 per 1000 (95% CI 2.19, 3.41). In 60% cases the cause of deafness was genetic. The single most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss in this population was mutations in the GJB2 gene (Connexin 26) in 20 of these patients (17%). Parents were consanguineous in 33% of the families.


CONCLUSIONS
This study concludes that prevalence of sensorineural deafness in Bangladeshi children is at least 2.3 times the national average. This study also concludes that genetic causes are the common cause of deafness in this ethnic group, with nearly 30% of children with non-syndromic deafness having mutations in GJB2. Although parental consanguinity was very high in this population it did not account for the whole increase in prevalence.
Bajaj
Y
Y
Department of ENT, Great Ormond Street Hospital & UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK. ybajaj@hotmail.co.uk
Sirimanna
T
T
Albert
D M
DM
Qadir
P
P
Jenkins
L
L
Cortina-Borja
M
M
Bitner-Glindzicz
M
M
D000293:Adolescent; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000208:ethnology; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000072259:Connexin 26; D017630:Connexins / Q000235:genetics; D003241:Consanguinity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D003638:Deafness / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004739:England; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male
D017630:Connexins; C000607042:GJB2 protein, human; D000072259:Connexin 26