Nicotine pretreatment increases dysphoric effects of alcohol in luteal-phase female volunteers.
The present report shows that nicotine enhances some of alcohol's positive and negative effects in women and that these effects are most pronounced during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Ten low progesterone and 10 high progesterone/luteal-phase women received nicotine patch pretreatments (placebo or 21 mg) 3 hours before an alcohol challenge (0.4 g/kg). Subjective effects were recorded on mood adjective scales and the Addiction Research Center Inventory (ARCI). Heart rate and skin temperature were recorded. Luteal-phase women reported peak positive (e.g. "stimulated") and peak negative effects (e.g. "clumsy", "dizzy") almost twice as great as low progesterone women.
Behavioral Psychopharmacology Research Laboratory, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA. dpenetar@mclean.harvard.edu
David M
DM
Penetar
Elena M
EM
Kouri
Elissa M
EM
McCarthy
Michelle M
MM
Lilly
Erica N
EN
Peters
Trisha M
TM
Juliano
Scott E
SE
Lukas
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008183:Luteal Phase; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010919:Placebos; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood
D010919:Placebos; D011374:Progesterone; D009538:Nicotine