Emerging lysophospholipid mediators, lysophosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylthreonine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylglycerol.
It is now widely accepted that lysophospholipids (LPLs), a product of the phospholipase A reaction, function as mediators through G-protein-coupled receptors. Notably, recent studies of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) have revealed their essential roles in vivo. On the other hand, other LPLs such as lysophosphatidylserine (LPS), lysophosphatidylthreonine (LPT), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) and lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) have been reported to show lipid mediator-like responses both in vivo (LPS and LPT) and in vitro (LPS, LPT, LPE and LPG), while very little is known about their receptor, synthetic enzyme and patho-physiological roles. In this review, we summarize the actions of these LPLs as lipid mediators including LPS, LPT, LPE and LPG.
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
Kumiko
K
Makide
Hajime
H
Kitamura
Yusuke
Y
Sato
Michiyo
M
Okutani
Junken
J
Aoki
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000502:physiology*; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction
C118065:G-protein-coupled receptor 34; D008024:Ligands; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid