Genetic and withaferin A analysis of Iranian natural populations of Withania somnifera and W. coagulans by RAPD and HPTLC.
For successful conservation and breeding of a medicinal species, it is important to evaluate its genetic diversity as well as its content of phytochemical compounds. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic variation of Iranian natural populations of W. somnifera and W. coagulans, using the RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers, and their withaferin A content. Using 16 RAPD primers, a total of 282 RAPD bands were achieved. The highest and lowest percentages of polymorphism were observed with primers OPAD-15 (100.0%) and OPC-06 (75.0%), respectively. Cluster analysis of the genotypes was performed based on data from polymorphic RAPD bands, using Dice's similarity coefficient and the UPGMA clustering method. Variations in the RAPD results were found to reflect geographical distribution and genetic factors of the plant populations. The HPTLC analysis of the studied samples revealed the presence of withaferin A in W. coagulans and W. somnifera. Moreover, the concentration of withaferin A had a range from 2.2 to 32.5 microg/g DW and was higher in the aerial part than in the root in all used samples. The results of the present study show that there is a high level of variation in the Iranian natural population of Withania, which is significant for conservation and breeding programs to improve production of withaferin A.
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. mirjalili@ut.ac.ir
Mohammad Hossein
MH
Mirjalili
Seyyed Mohammad
SM
Fakhr-Tabatabaei
Houshang
H
Alizadeh
Alireza
A
Ghassempour
Fateme
F
Mirzajani
D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004875:Ergosterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D007492:Iran; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D013045:Species Specificity; D032341:Withania / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D054358:Withanolides
D017931:DNA Primers; D054358:Withanolides; C009684:withaferin A; D004875:Ergosterol