Growth parameters of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, and aerobic mesophilic bacteria of apple cider amended with nisin-EDTA.
The effect of nisin (0 or 300 IU/mL), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA, 20 mM), and nisin (300 IU)-EDTA (20 mM) on growth parameters, including lag period (LP) and generation time, of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella spp. in the presence or absence of aerobic mesophilic bacteria of apple cider during storage at 5 degrees C for up to 16 days or 23 degrees C for 16 h was investigated. The growth data were analyzed and fitted to the modified Gompertz model. The LP values for aerobic mesophilic bacteria of apple cider (control) and those amended with EDTA and nisin during storage at 5 degrees C were 1.61, 1.76, and 5.45 days, respectively. In apple cider stored at 23 degrees C for 16 h, the LP values for the same bacteria and treatment were 3.24, 3.56, and 5.85 h, respectively. The LP values for E. coli O157:H7 determined in the presence of aerobic mesophilic bacteria of apple cider stored at 23 degrees C for 16 h was 1.48 h, while populations for L. monocytogenes and Salmonella in the same cider declined. In sterile apple cider left at 23 degrees C for 16 h, the LP values for E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella, and L. monocytogenes averaged 2.74, 2.37, and 3.16 h, respectively. The generation time for these pathogens were 0.402, 0.260, and 0.187 log (CFU/mL)/h, respectively. Addition of nisin and EDTA combination caused a decline in lag phase duration and the populations for all pathogens tested, suggesting possible addition of this additive to freshly prepared apple cider to enhance its microbial safety and prevent costly recalls.
Eastern Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. dike.ukuku@ars.usda.gov
Dike O
DO
Ukuku
Howard
H
Zhang
Lihan
L
Huang
D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D001628:Beverages / Q000382:microbiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D005520:Food Preservatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D027845:Malus / Q000382:microbiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009561:Nisin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
D005520:Food Preservatives; D009561:Nisin; D004492:Edetic Acid