Physical activity and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.
The evidence concerning the possible association between physical activity and the risk of prostate cancer is inconsistent and additional data are needed. We examined the association between risk of prostate cancer and physical activity at work and in leisure time in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. In our study, including 127,923 men aged 20-97 years from 8 European countries, 2,458 cases of prostate cancer were identified during 8.5 years of followup. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, we investigated the associations between prostate cancer incidence rate and occupational activity and leisure time activity in terms of participation in sports, cycling, walking and gardening; a metabolic equivalent (MET) score based on weekly time spent on the 4 activities; and a physical activity index. MET hours per week of leisure time activity, higher score in the physical activity index, participation in any of the 4 leisure time activities, and the number of leisure time activities in which the participants were active were not associated with prostate cancer incidence. However, higher level of occupational physical activity was associated with lower risk of advanced stage prostate cancer (p(trend) = 0.024). In conclusion, our data support the hypothesis of an inverse association between advanced prostate cancer risk and occupational physical activity, but we found no support for an association between prostate cancer risk and leisure time physical activity.
Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nina Føns
NF
Johnsen
Anne
A
Tjønneland
Birthe L R
BL
Thomsen
Jane
J
Christensen
Steffen
S
Loft
Christine
C
Friedenreich
Timothy J
TJ
Key
Naomi E
NE
Allen
Petra H
PH
Lahmann
Lotte
L
Mejlvig
Kim
K
Overvad
Rudolf
R
Kaaks
Sabine
S
Rohrmann
Heiner
H
Boing
Gesthimani
G
Misirli
Antonia
A
Trichopoulou
Dimosthenis
D
Zylis
Rosario
R
Tumino
Valeria
V
Pala
H Bas
HB
Bueno-de-Mesquita
Lambertus A
LA
Kiemeney
Laudina Rodríguez
LR
Suárez
Carlos A
CA
Gonzalez
Maria-José
MJ
Sánchez
José María
JM
Huerta
Aurelio Barricarte
AB
Gurrea
Jonas
J
Manjer
Elisabet
E
Wirfält
Kay-Tee
KT
Khaw
Nick
N
Wareham
Paolo
P
Boffetta
Lars
L
Egevad
Sabina
S
Rinaldi
Elio
E
Riboli
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016138:Walking; D055815:Young Adult