Residues of Pesticides in honeybee (Apis mellifera carnica) bee bread and in pollen loads from treated apple orchards.
Honey bee (Apis mellifera carnica) colonies were placed in two apple orchards treated with the insecticides diazinon and thiacloprid and the fungicide difenoconazole in accordance with a Protection Treatment Plan in the spring of 2007. Pollen and bee bread were collected from combs inside the hives. The residue of diazinon in pollen loads 10 days after orchard treatment was 0.09 mg/kg, and the same amount of residue was found in bee bread 16 days after treatment. In pollen loads 6 days after application 0.03 mg/kg of thiacloprid residues and 0.01 mg/kg of difenoconazole were found on the first day after application. Possible sub-lethal effects on individual honey bees and brood are discussed.
Smodis Skerl
Maja Ivana
MI
Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Hacquetova 17, Ljubljana, Slovenia. maja.smodis.skerl@kis.si
Velikonja Bolta
Spela
S
Basa Cesnik
Helena
H
Gregorc
Ales
A
D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003976:Diazinon / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004148:Dioxolanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D011058:Pollen / Q000737:chemistry*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D017524:Slovenia; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry; D013843:Thiazines / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D014230:Triazoles / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
D004148:Dioxolanes; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011725:Pyridines; D013843:Thiazines; D014230:Triazoles; C115058:difenoconazole; C417209:thiacloprid; D003976:Diazinon