Rhabdomyolysis in an HIV-infected patient on anti-retroviral therapy precipitated by high-dose pravastatin.
Protease inhibitors (PIs) inhibit the cytochrome P450 CYP3A4. Because the metabolism of pravastatin is independent of the cytochrome P450 CYP3A4, this drug has become the preferred statin for treatment of dyslipidemia associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, with no cases of serious toxicity such as rhabdomyolysis reported to date. We report an HIV-infected patient receiving antiretroviral regimen consisting of atazanavir, ritonavir, emtricitabine and tenofovir who developed severe rhabdomyolysis approximately 4 months after increasing his pravastatin dose from 40 to 80 mg daily. His symptoms resolved within 10 days after the discontinuation of pravastatin and antiretroviral therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first case of rhabdomyolysis possibly caused by pravastatin in an HIV-infected patient.
Department of Medicine, Olive View-UCLA Medical Center, 14445 Olive View Drive, Sylmar, CA 91342, USA. nmikhail@ladhs.org
Nasser
N
Mikhail
Elizabeth
E
Iskander
Dennis
D
Cope
D000225:Adenine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000069446:Atazanavir Sulfate; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D000068679:Emtricitabine; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068698:Tenofovir
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D009842:Oligopeptides; D063065:Organophosphonates; D011725:Pyridines; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069446:Atazanavir Sulfate; D000068698:Tenofovir; D000068679:Emtricitabine; D000225:Adenine; D017035:Pravastatin; D019438:Ritonavir