Role of mitofusin 2 mutations in the physiopathology of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2A.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common form of hereditary peripheral neuropathy. The main axonal form of CMT, CMT2A, preferentially affects peripheral neurons with the longest neurites. CMT2A has been recently linked to mutations in the mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) gene. Mfn2 participates in mitochondrial fusion a process that together with mitochondrial fission, contributes to mitochondrial morphology. Many hypotheses have been postulated to understand how mutations in Mfn2 lead to CMT2A. In this review, we will describe the physiological role of Mfn2, the pathophysiology of CMT2A and current hypotheses about the deleterious role of mutant Mfn2 in neuronal function.
Cartoni
Romain
R
Department of Cell Biology, Genève, Switzerland.
Martinou
Jean-Claude
JC
D000818:Animals; D002607:Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
D008565:Membrane Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; C470018:MFN2 protein, human