Natural exposure of Dromedary camels in Sudan to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (bovine herpes virus-1).
The occurrence of bovine herpes virus-1 (BHV-1) in camels was studied. A total of 186 pneumonic camel lungs were collected from slaughter houses at four different areas in Sudan during 2000-2006. Using sandwich ELISA 1.6% of 186 tested lungs were found positive for BHV-1 antigen, all were from Tambool at Central Sudan. Direct fluorescent antibody test (FAT) was used to confirm the BHV-1 ELISA positives, all ELISA positives were also positive. PCR was used to detect BHV-1 genome with three positive results. BHV-1 was isolated from two camel lungs in MDBK cells. Isolates were identified using ELISA and FAT. Indirect ELISA was used to detect antibodies to BHV-1 in 260 camel sera; 76.9% were found positive. Highest prevalence was observed in sera from Kordofan (84%) then Blue Nile (80%) and Tambool (76.3%). This is the first report for the detection of BHV-1 antigen, genome using PCR, isolation in cell culture and antibodies in camels in Sudan.
Intisar
K S
KS
Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, P.O. Box 8067, Al Amarat, Khartoum, Sudan.
Ali
Y H
YH
Khalafalla
A I
AI
Mahasin
E A Rahman
EA
Amin
A S
AS
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D002162:Camelus / Q000821:virology*; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013397:Sudan / Q000453:epidemiology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral