Increased expression of gelatinase (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in pterygia and pterygium fibroblasts with disease progression and activation of protein kinase C.
OBJECTIVE
To study the expression of matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 mRNA and activities in various stages of surgically excised pterygium specimens and cultured pterygium fibroblasts and to study the effects of activation of protein kinase C (PKC) on the expression of these MMPs in pterygium fibroblasts.


METHODS
MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA expression and activities in 15 pterygium tissues and cultured pterygium fibroblasts were measured by RT-PCR and zymography. Five normal conjunctiva specimens and fibroblasts were tested as the controls. Changes of expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 of fibroblasts after the simulation of a standard PKC activator, 2-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), were studied.


RESULTS
MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in pterygium tissues and fibroblasts was greater than those of normal tissues and fibroblasts and was closely relevant to the progression of pterygium. In early-stage pterygium tissues and cultured fibroblasts, MMP-9 was not expressed, activated MMP-2 could not be detected, and only a small amount of latent MMP-2 was present. In advanced-stage pterygium (pterygium head passed the papillary region), MMP-9 was expressed; activated MMP-2 and a large amount of latent MMP-2 could be detected in pterygium tissues and fibroblasts. TPA stimulated the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by pterygium fibroblasts isolated from early-stage specimens in a dose-dependent manner.


CONCLUSIONS
MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression by pterygium fibroblasts is significantly increased after the progression of pterygium. Activation of the PKC signaling pathway, aside from other previously reported signaling pathways, may play a role in the development and progression of pterygium.
Yang
Shun-Fa
SF
Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Lin
Ching-Yang
CY
Yang
Pei-Yu
PY
Chao
Shih-Chun
SC
Ye
Yi-Zhen
YZ
Hu
Dan-Ning
DN
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D011625:Pterygium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011493:Protein Kinase C; C522361:MMP2 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate