From upfront nephrectomy to preoperative chemotherapy and back: a single institution experience in the treatment of Wilms tumor.
BACKGROUND
Over the past decades, 2 different approaches for the treatment of Wilms tumor have emerged: upfront nephrectomy (UN) and preoperative chemotherapy (PC), with adjuvant treatment adjusted to stage, histology, and chemotherapy response.


METHODS
In July 2005, we switched our strategy from UN to PC. This study is a retrospective review of patients treated at our institution between January 2003 and October 2007.


RESULTS
Thirty-six children (20 males) with Wilms tumor were studied. Median age was 3.45 years (range: 0.3 to 15.8 y). Nineteen patients (53%) were treated according to the International Society of Paediatric Oncology 93-01/German Pediatric Oncology Hematology, Group protocol (PC group) and 17 (47%) according to the National Wilms' Tumor Study-5 (UN group). UN group received more radiation dose and less cumulative doses of doxorubicin. The 3-year event-free survival and overall survival estimates for the whole group were 86% and 89%, respectively. Survival estimates were similar in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The use of PC reduced the use of radiation; however, patients treated using the SIOP 93-01/German Pediatric Oncology Hematology Group protocol received higher cumulative doses of doxorubicin; these doses were believed to be high in this young group of patients with potential for long-term toxicity. Although selecting a specific protocol for Wilms tumor is important, the development of surgical expertise and referral to specialized centers takes priority.
Sultan
Iyad
I
Department of Pediatric Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Centre, Amman, Jordan. isultan@khcc.jo
Masarweh
Main
M
Ismael
Taleb
T
Al-Hussaini
Maysa
M
Almousa
Abdelatif
A
Ali
Hani M
HM
Rodriguez-Galindo
Carlos
C
Ghandour
Khalil
K
D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*
D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D016190:Carboplatin