Complement and hyper acute rejection.
Organ transplantation has been a major development in clinical medicine but its success has been marred by the immune system's capacity to respond to "non-self" cells and tissues. A full molecular understanding of this mechanism and the myriad triggers for immune rejection is yet to be elucidated. Consequently, immunosuppressive drugs remain the mainstay of post-transplant management; however, these interventions have side effects such as increased incidence of cancer, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, susceptibility to infection if not managed appropriately and the inconvenience to the patient of lifelong treatment. Novel therapeutic approaches based on molecular understanding of immunological processes are thus needed in this field. The notion that factors influencing successful transplants might be of use as therapeutic approaches is both scientifically and medically appealing. Recent developments in the understanding of successful transplants are expected to provide new opportunities for safer transplantation. This article reviews the present understanding of the molecular basis of rejection and the role of complement in this process as well as the possibility of generating "intelligent" therapy that better target crucial components of hyper-acute rejections.
Department of Hematology and Immunology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. alserhany@hotmail.com
Mohammed Wo
MW
Al-rabia
D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D015935:Complement C4b / Q000276:immunology; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000276:immunology; D000939:Epitopes; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000097:blood; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000906:Antibodies; D000939:Epitopes; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D015935:Complement C4b; C032261:complement C4d; D003165:Complement System Proteins