Bone quality measured by the radiogrammetric parameter "cortical index" and reoperations after locking plate osteosynthesis in patients sustaining proximal humerus fractures.
OBJECTIVE
To analyse the radiogrammetric parameter "cortical index" (CI) and its predictive value for proximal humerus fractures. Furthermore, to investigate the reoperations and the cause of reoperations after locking plate osteosynthesis of displaced proximal humerus fractures.


METHODS
113 consecutive patients (73 women and 40 men) with a median age of 66 years (range 18-100 years) were included in this study. The median follow-up time in our database was 4.7 years (range 45-72 months). For a comparative matched-group analysis of the CI, patients with a fall on the shoulder without fracture were selected. Demographic data and all reoperations were recorded after median 58 months postoperatively. The CI was measured at the proximal humeral diaphysis.


RESULTS
The CI showed to be significant lower in the fracture group (mean 0.28) when compared to the matched group (mean 0.47, p < 0.01). 39% patients underwent a reoperation within 40 months postoperatively. 24% were reoperated within the first 12 months postoperatively, and 15% were reoperated after 12 months or later. The reoperation was independent of bone quality (p = 0.85).


CONCLUSIONS
The risk for reoperation is independent of the CI even though the CI may be a predictor for proximal humerus fracture. Younger patients should be aware that surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures might be a two-stage surgery. Regular follow-up visits for older patients during the first postoperative year must be assured.
Hepp
Pierre
P
Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany. pierre.hepp@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
Theopold
Jan
J
Osterhoff
Georg
G
Marquass
Bastian
B
Voigt
Christine
C
Josten
Christoph
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods; D012784:Shoulder Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult