Ala54Thr polymorphism of the fatty acid binding protein 2 gene and saturated fat intake in relation to lipid levels and insulin resistance: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study.
The Thr54 allele of the intestinal fatty acid-binding protein Ala54Thr functional polymorphism (FABP2) is associated with increased fat oxidation and insulin resistance. We determined the cross-sectional associations of the FABP2 gene with lipid levels and insulin resistance in 2148 participants who completed the year-20 examination of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. No significant difference in total cholesterol, low-density or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio, or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was found between FABP2 genotypes. However, in the presence of a high-saturated fat diet (>/=53.2 g/d, the 90th percentile for the population), the AA/AG genotypes (carriers of the Thr54 allele) of FABP2 had statistically significantly higher levels of log(HOMA-IR) (P = .006) and a lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio (P = .03), and borderline statistically significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and log(triglycerides) (P values = .08, .07, and .05, respectively) compared with those with the GG genotype (Ala54 homozygotes). Lipid levels and log(HOMA-IR) did not vary by genotype with saturated fat intake less than 53.2 g/d. Limiting dietary saturated fat intake may be particularly important among carriers of the A allele of FABP2.
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
Alanna M
AM
Chamberlain
Pamela J
PJ
Schreiner
Myriam
M
Fornage
Catherine M
CM
Loria
David
D
Siscovick
Eric
E
Boerwinkle
D000328:Adult; D000409:Alanine / Q000235:genetics; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004435:Eating / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013912:Threonine / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
D004041:Dietary Fats; C493404:FABP2 protein, human; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D013912:Threonine; D000409:Alanine