Physical activity and risk of prostate cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.
The evidence concerning the possible association between physical activity and the risk of prostate cancer is inconsistent and additional data are needed. We examined the association between risk of prostate cancer and physical activity at work and in leisure time in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. In our study, including 127,923 men aged 20-97 years from 8 European countries, 2,458 cases of prostate cancer were identified during 8.5 years of followup. Using the Cox proportional hazards model, we investigated the associations between prostate cancer incidence rate and occupational activity and leisure time activity in terms of participation in sports, cycling, walking and gardening; a metabolic equivalent (MET) score based on weekly time spent on the 4 activities; and a physical activity index. MET hours per week of leisure time activity, higher score in the physical activity index, participation in any of the 4 leisure time activities, and the number of leisure time activities in which the participants were active were not associated with prostate cancer incidence. However, higher level of occupational physical activity was associated with lower risk of advanced stage prostate cancer (p(trend) = 0.024). In conclusion, our data support the hypothesis of an inverse association between advanced prostate cancer risk and occupational physical activity, but we found no support for an association between prostate cancer risk and leisure time physical activity.
Johnsen
Nina Føns
NF
Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Tjønneland
Anne
A
Thomsen
Birthe L R
BL
Christensen
Jane
J
Loft
Steffen
S
Friedenreich
Christine
C
Key
Timothy J
TJ
Allen
Naomi E
NE
Lahmann
Petra H
PH
Mejlvig
Lotte
L
Overvad
Kim
K
Kaaks
Rudolf
R
Rohrmann
Sabine
S
Boing
Heiner
H
Misirli
Gesthimani
G
Trichopoulou
Antonia
A
Zylis
Dimosthenis
D
Tumino
Rosario
R
Pala
Valeria
V
Bueno-de-Mesquita
H Bas
HB
Kiemeney
Lambertus A
LA
Suárez
Laudina Rodríguez
LR
Gonzalez
Carlos A
CA
Sánchez
Maria-José
MJ
Huerta
José María
JM
Gurrea
Aurelio Barricarte
AB
Manjer
Jonas
J
Wirfält
Elisabet
E
Khaw
Kay-Tee
KT
Wareham
Nick
N
Boffetta
Paolo
P
Egevad
Lars
L
Rinaldi
Sabina
S
Riboli
Elio
E
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016138:Walking; D055815:Young Adult