Maximising multivalency effects in protein-carbohydrate interactions.
Multivalent carbohydrates are currently produced in many forms ranging from dendrimers, polymers, micelles, vesicles, nanoparticles to functionalized nanotubes, in order to enhance the potency of the carbohydrates as ligands or inhibitors. Variations in valency range from systems containing two carbohydrate units to those containing more than 2000. In this perspective a number of popular target proteins for multivalent binding/inhibition have been selected. The optimal systems displaying the largest multivalency effects are discussed with respect to their mechanism of multivalent binding.
Pieters
Roland J
RJ
Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, P. O. Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands. R.J.Pieters@uu.nl
D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D001665:Binding Sites; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000737:chemistry; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000737:chemistry; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014909:Wheat Germ Agglutinins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
D002241:Carbohydrates; D050091:Dendrimers; D037121:Plant Lectins; D011108:Polymers; D011506:Proteins; D014118:Toxins, Biological; D014909:Wheat Germ Agglutinins; D002772:Cholera Toxin