Efficacy of a novel Pasteurella multocida vaccine against progressive atrophic rhinitis of swine.
The efficacy of a novel vaccine composed of three short recombinant subunit Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) proteins in combination with a bi-valent P. multocida whole-cell bacterin (rsPMT-PM) was evaluated in field studies for prevention and control of progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR) of swine at 15 conventional farrow-to-finish farms. Experimental piglets that were immunized twice with the rsPMT-PM vaccine developed detectable titers of neutralizing antibodies (greater than 1:8) that prevented the growth retardation and pathological lesions typically observed following challenge with authentic PMT. A total of 542 sows were vaccinated once or twice prior to parturition and serum neutralizing antibody titers were evaluated. Both single and double vaccination protocols induced neutralizing antibody titers of 1:16 or higher in 62% and 74% of sows, respectively. Notably, neither sows nor piglets at a farm experiencing a severe outbreak of PAR at the time of the vaccination trial had detectable antibody titers, but antibody titers increased significantly to 1:16 or higher in 40% of sows following double vaccination. During the year after vaccination, clinical signs of PAR decreased in fattening pigs and growth performance improved sufficiently to reduce the rearing period until marketing by 2 weeks. Collectively, these results indicate that the rsPMT-PM vaccine could be used to provide protective immunity for controlling the prevalence and severity of PAR among farm-raised swine.
Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
Shih-Ling
SL
Hsuan
Chih-Ming
CM
Liao
Chienjin
C
Huang
James R
JR
Winton
Zeng-Weng
ZW
Chen
Wei-Cheng
WC
Lee
Jiunn-Wang
JW
Liao
Ter-Hsin
TH
Chen
Chwei-Jang
CJ
Chiou
Kuang-Sheng
KS
Yeh
Maw-Sheng
MS
Chien
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000473:pathology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010326:Pasteurella Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016979:Pasteurella multocida / Q000276:immunology*; D012222:Rhinitis, Atrophic / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit