Global impairment of prospective memory following acute alcohol.
BACKGROUND
Whilst the deleterious effects of alcohol on retrospective remembering have been widely documented, no study has yet objectively determined alcohol's effects on prospective memory (PM)--remembering to do something in the future.


OBJECTIVE
With this aim, the present study determined the acute effects of alcohol upon PM using a laboratory measure that simulates the PM tasks in everyday life--'Virtual Week'--both (a) in its standard form with regular, irregular, event-based and time-based PM tasks; and (b) an adapted version which enabled exploration of how future event simulation at encoding impacted upon subsequent PM.


METHODS
Forty healthy volunteers were administered 0.6 g/kg ethanol or a matched placebo in a double-blind fashion and completed the two versions of Virtual Week along with prose recall (to tap retrospective memory) and an executive function task.


RESULTS
Alcohol acutely produced global impairments across all (regular, irregular, event-based and time-based) PM tasks. It also produced impairments of episodic memory which positively correlated with PM performance of irregular tasks. Future-event simulation tended to enhance PM in the placebo but not in the alcohol group.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings on an objective measure of PM suggest that 4-5 units of alcohol will compromise PM abilities in everyday life.
Leitz
Julie R
JR
Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, Clinical Psychology, University College London, Gower St., London WC1E 6BT, UK. julieleitz@gmail.com
Morgan
Celia J A
CJ
Bisby
James A
JA
Rendell
Peter G
PG
Curran
H Valerie
HV
D000328:Adult; D001364:Awareness; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol