The developmental integration of cortical interneurons into a functional network.
The central goal of this manuscript is to survey our present knowledge of how cortical interneuron subtypes are generated. To achieve this, we will first define what is meant by subtype diversity. To this end, we begin by considering the mature properties that differentiate between the different populations of cortical interneurons. This requires us to address the difficulties involved in determining which characteristics allow particular interneurons to be assigned to distinct subclasses. Having grappled with this thorny issue, we will then proceed to review the progressive events in development involved in the generation of interneuron diversity. Starting with their origin and specification within the subpallium, we will follow them up through the first postnatal weeks during their integration into a functional network. Finally, we will conclude by calling the readers attention to the devastating consequences that result from developmental failures in the formation of inhibitory circuits within the cortex.
Smilow Neuroscience Program, New York University Medical Center, New York, USA.
Renata
R
Batista-Brito
Gord
G
Fishell
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007395:Interneurons / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors