Children with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at greater risk of macrovascular complications.
BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for macrovascular complications in adults. Recently young-onset type 2 DM has increased worldwide and the increase of macrovascular complications in the young is worrisome.


METHODS
Plasma values for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) as a marker for promotion, and adiponectin as a marker for inhibition of atherosclerosis, were compared in 33 patients with type 1 DM (16 boys, 17 girls; age 14.9 +/- 3.7 years, mean +/- standard deviation) with those of 43 patients with type 2 DM (15 boys, 28 girls; age 16.5 +/- 3.5 years).


RESULTS
The PAI-1 level was significantly higher (19.3 +/- 8.1 vs 32.9 +/- 17.2 ng/ml; P < 0.001) and the adiponectin level was significantly lower (10.1 +/- 3.8 vs 7.4 +/- 3.7 microg/ml; P < 0.005) in the type 2 DM group. In obese patients, the PAI-1 level was significantly higher (P < 0.005) and the adiponectin level was lower (P= 0.15) in the type 2 DM group. Also, in the non-obese subjects, the PAI-1 level was significantly higher (P < 0.05) and the adiponectin level was lower (P= 0.11) in the type 2 DM group.


CONCLUSIONS
Even in young patients, type 2 DM is a risk factor for macrovascular complications compared with type 1 DM.
Shiga
Kentaro
K
Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Minami-ku, Yokohama, Japan. kshiga@gj8.so-net.ne.jp
Kikuchi
Nobuyuki
N
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1