The Tailored Activity Program to reduce behavioral symptoms in individuals with dementia: feasibility, acceptability, and replication potential.
OBJECTIVE
The Tailored Activity Program (TAP) is a home-based occupational therapy intervention shown to reduce behavioral symptoms and caregiver burden in a randomized trial. This article describes TAP, its assessments, acceptability, and replication potential.


METHODS
TAP involves 8 sessions for a period of 4 months. Interventionists identify preserved capabilities, previous roles, habits, and interests of individuals with dementia; develop activities customized to individual profiles; and train families in activity use. Interventionists documented time spent and ease conducting assessments, and observed receptivity of TAP. For each implemented prescribed activity, caregivers reported the amount of time their relative spent in activity and perceived benefits.


RESULTS
The TAP assessment, a combination of neuropsychological tests, standardized performance-based observations, and clinical interviewing, yielded information on capabilities from which to identify and tailor activities. Assessments were easy to administer, taking an average of two 1-hr sessions. Of 170 prescribed activities, 81.5% were used, for an average of 4 times for 23 min by families between treatment sessions for a period of months. Caregivers reported high confidence in using activities, being less upset with behavioral symptoms (86%), and enhanced skills (93%) and personal control (95%). Interventionists observed enhanced engagement (100%) and pleasure (98%) in individuals with dementia during sessions.


CONCLUSIONS
TAP offers families knowledge of their relative's capabilities and easy-to-use activities. The program was well received by caregivers. Prescribed activities appeared to be pleasurable and engaging to individuals with dementia. TAP merits further evaluation to establish efficacy with larger more diverse populations and consideration as a nonpharmacological approach to manage behavioral symptoms.
Gitlin
Laura N
LN
Jefferson Center for Applied Research on Aging and Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. laura.gitlin@jefferson.edu
Winter
Laraine
L
Vause Earland
Tracey
T
Adel Herge
E
E
Chernett
Nancy L
NL
Piersol
Catherine V
CV
Burke
Janice P
JP
D000368:Aged; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001519:Behavior; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D003704:Dementia / Q000451:nursing / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009788:Occupational Therapy; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results