Telomeres and telomerase in adrenocortical tissue maintenance, carcinogenesis, and aging.
Telomere dysfunction and telomere maintenance mechanisms contribute to major steps of carcinogenesis. Dysfunctional telomeres lead to the generation of genomic aberrations, such as amplifications and deletions. Telomere maintenance mechanisms, such as telomerase activity and alternative telomere lengthening, provide the basis of malignant cell expansion independent of telomere shortening-induced apoptosis or senescence, ensuring tumor survival. Recent advances highlight the importance of these mechanisms in adrenocortical carcinogenesis. In this review, we will summarize the main models of telomere physiology and their impact on adrenocortical tissue maintenance, aging, and carcinogenesis.
Else
Tobias
T
Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, MEND/Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2200, USA. telse@umich.edu
D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
D019098:Telomerase