Flame spray-pyrolyzed vanadium oxide nanoparticles for lithium battery cathodes.
Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) nanoparticles (30-60 nm) were made by a one-step and scalable flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) process. Optimization of the FSP processing conditions (precursor concentration and injection rate) enhanced the electrochemical performance of these nanoparticles. Increasing the cut-off potential for discharging from 1.5 to 2.5 V vs. Li/Li+ improved the cycle life of these V2O5 nanoparticles. Particles with the lowest specific surface area (approximately 32 m2 g(-1)) and highest phase purity (up to 98 wt%) showed excellent cyclability between 2.5 and 4.0 V vs. Li/Li+, retaining a specific charge of 110 mAh g(-1) beyond 100 cycles at a specific current of 100 mA g(-1), and also superior specific charge of 100 mAh g(-1) at specific current up to 20C rate (or 2000 mA g(-1)).
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Electrochemistry Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
Patey
Timothy J
TJ
Büchel
Robert
R
Krumeich
Frank
F
Wang
Jia-Zhao
JZ
Liu
Hua-Kun
HK
Pratsinis
Sotiris E
SE
Novák
Petr
P