The neurologic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus.
BACKGROUND
Often patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffer from neurologic symptoms and at times the diagnosis of SLE is made after patients present with neurologic events. Although diagnostic criteria for SLE have included seizures and psychosis, there are 19 recognized neurologic manifestations of the disease.


RESULTS
The various neurologic manifestations of SLE are reviewed as are the various treatment options. The pathophysiology of the major syndromes is reviewed.


CONCLUSIONS
Neurologists need to be familiar with the various ways SLE can present and the various neurologic complications known lupus patients can experience. Because of the various treatment options available, rapid recognition of these syndromes is critical.
Greenberg
Benjamin M
BM
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA. bgreenb7@jhmi.edu
D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000276:immunology; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003221:Confusion / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid