Sex and racial/ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factor treatment and control among individuals with diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
OBJECTIVE To examine sex and racial/ethnic differences in cardiovascular risk factor treatment and control among individuals with diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was an observational study examining mean levels of cardiovascular risk factors and proportion of subjects achieving treatment goals. RESULTS The sample included 926 individuals with diabetes. Compared with men, women were 9% less likely to achieve LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dl (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.91 [0.83-0.99]) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 mmHg (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.91 [0.85-0.98]). These differences diminished over time. A lower percentage of women used aspirin (23 vs. 33%; P < 0.001). African American and Hispanic women had higher mean levels of SBP and lower prevalence of aspirin use than non-Hispanic white women. CONCLUSIONS Women with diabetes had unfavorable cardiovascular risk factor profiles compared with men. African American and Hispanic women had less favorable profiles than non-Hispanic white women.
Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
Ginger J
GJ
Winston
R Graham
RG
Barr
Olveen
O
Carrasquillo
Alain G
AG
Bertoni
Steven
S
Shea
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006306:Health Surveys; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D001741:Black or African American
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin