Hexanedioic acid mediated surface-ligand-exchange process for transferring NaYF4:Yb/Er (or Yb/Tm) up-converting nanoparticles from hydrophobic to hydrophilic.
Water-soluble and carboxyl-functionalized up-converting rare-earth nanoparticles (UCNPs) are obtained via an efficient surface-ligand-exchange procedure. Hexanedioic acid molecules are employed to replace the original hydrophobic ligands in diethylene glycol solvent at high temperature. Various characterizations indicate the ligand-exchange process has negligible adverse effect on the quality of the UCNPs. The resulting hydrophilic UCNPs show small size, strong up-converting emission and high water stability. The specific molecular recognition capacity of avidin-modified hydrophilic UCNPs confirms that hydrophilic UCNPs are suitable for potential biological labeling.
Zhang
Qingbin
Q
Key Laboratory of Excited State Process, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, PR China.
Song
Kai
K
Zhao
Junwei
J
Kong
Xianggui
X
Sun
Yajuan
Y
Liu
Xiaomin
X
Zhang
Youlin
Y
Zeng
Qinghui
Q
Zhang
Hong
H
D000272:Adipates / Q000737:chemistry*; D001360:Avidin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004871:Erbium / Q000737:chemistry; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008024:Ligands; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D011485:Protein Binding; D013499:Surface Properties; D013932:Thulium / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015018:Ytterbium / Q000737:chemistry; D015019:Yttrium / Q000737:chemistry*
D000272:Adipates; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D008024:Ligands; C525362:sodium yttriumtetrafluoride; D014867:Water; D001360:Avidin; D015019:Yttrium; C013484:diethylene glycol; C029900:adipic acid; D004871:Erbium; D013932:Thulium; D015018:Ytterbium; D005459:Fluorides