Histomorphometric evaluation of bioceramic molecular impregnated and dual acid-etched implant surfaces in the human posterior maxilla.
BACKGROUND
Physical and bioceramic incorporation surface treatments at the nanometer scale showed higher means of bone-to-implant contact (BIC) and torque values compared with surface topography at the micrometer scale; however, the literature concerning the effect of nanometer scale parameters is sparse.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of two different implant surfaces on the percentage bone-to-implant contact (BIC%) and bone osteocyte density in the human posterior maxilla after 2 months of unloaded healing.


METHODS
The implants utilized presented dual acid-etched (DAE) surface and a bioceramic molecular impregnated treatment (Ossean®, Intra-Lock International, Boca Raton, FL, USA) serving as control and test, respectively. Ten subjects (59 ± 9 years of age) received two implants (one of each surface) during conventional implant surgery in the posterior maxilla. After the non-loaded period of 2 months, the implants and the surrounding tissue were removed by means of a trephine and were non-decalcified processed for ground sectioning and analysis of BIC%, bone density in threaded area (BA%), and osteocyte index (Oi).


RESULTS
Two DAE implants were found to be clinically unstable at time of retrieval. Histometric evaluation showed significantly higher BIC% and Oi for the test compared to the control surface (p < .05), and that BA% was not significantly different between groups. Wilcoxon matched pairs test was used to compare the differences of histomorphometric variables between implant surfaces. The significance test was conducted at a 5% level of significance.


CONCLUSIONS
The histological data suggest that the bioceramic molecular impregnated surface-treated implants positively modulated bone healing at early implantation times compared to the DAE surface.
Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division and Head of Oral Implantology Clinic, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil. jashibli@yahoo.com
Jamil Awad
JA
Shibli
Sauro
S
Grassi
Adriano
A
Piattelli
Gabriele E
GE
Pecora
Daniel S
DS
Ferrari
Tatiana
T
Onuma
Susana
S
d'Avila
Paulo G
PG
Coelho
Raquel
R
Barros
Giovanna
G
Iezzi
D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D002516:Ceramics; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar; D049329:Nanostructures; D016348:Osseointegration; D010011:Osteocytes; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D019415:Torque
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; C020243:calcium phosphate