A prospective analysis of the association between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
Previous case-control studies have suggested that a high intake of animal foods and its associated nutrients are associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma, although data from prospective studies are limited. We report here on the relationship between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma incidence among 435,293 participants enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of dietary intake of fat, protein, carbohydrate, fiber and cholesterol and risk of renal cell carcinoma adjusted for age, sex, center, height, body mass index, physical activity, education, smoking, menopausal status, alcohol and energy intake. During an average 8.8 years of follow-up, 507 renal cell carcinoma cases occurred. Risk of renal cell carcinoma was not associated with macronutrient intake, including nutrients derived from animal sources. Our results indicate that macronutrient intake is not associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma in this cohort of European men and women.
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. naomi.allen@ceu.ox.ac.uk
Naomi E
NE
Allen
Andrew W
AW
Roddam
Sabina
S
Sieri
Heiner
H
Boeing
Marianne Uhre
MU
Jakobsen
Kim
K
Overvad
Anne
A
Tjønneland
Jytte
J
Halkjaer
Paolo
P
Vineis
Paolo
P
Contiero
Domenico
D
Palli
Rosario
R
Tumino
Amalia
A
Mattiello
Rudolf
R
Kaaks
Sabine
S
Rohrmann
Antonia
A
Trichopoulou
Demosthenes
D
Zilis
Yvoni
Y
Koumantaki
Petra H
PH
Peeters
H Bas
HB
Bueno-de-Mesquita
Aurelio
A
Barricarte
Laudina
L
Rodríguez
Miren
M
Dorronsoro
Maria-José
MJ
Sánchez
María Dolores
MD
Chirlaque
Laura
L
Esquius
Jonas
J
Manjer
Peter
P
Wallström
Börje
B
Ljungberg
Göran
G
Hallmans
Sheila
S
Bingham
Kay-Tee
KT
Khaw
Paolo
P
Boffetta
Teresa
T
Norat
Traci
T
Mouw
Elio
E
Riboli
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D004041:Dietary Fats