The CD4(+) T-cell response of melanoma patients to a MAGE-A3 peptide vaccine involves potential regulatory T cells.
Melanoma patients were injected with various vaccines containing a MAGE-A3 peptide presented by HLA-DP4. Anti-MAGE-A3.DP4 T cells were not detectable in the blood before vaccination, but their frequencies after vaccination ranged from 2 x 10(-6) to 2 x 10(-3) among the CD4(+) blood T lymphocytes of the patients. The CD4(+) blood T lymphocytes that stained ex vivo with HLA-DP4 tetramers folded with the MAGE-A3 peptide were selected by flow cytometry and amplified under clonal conditions. About 5% of the CD4(+) T-cell clones that recognized the MAGE-A3.DP4 antigen had a CD25(+) phenotype in the resting state. These CD25(+) clones had a high capacity to suppress the proliferation of another T-cell clone after peptide stimulation in vitro. Most of them had high FOXP3 expression in the resting state and an unmethylated FOXP3 intron 1. They produced active transforming growth factor-beta but none of cytokines IFN-gamma, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10. About 20% of CD25(-) clones had a significant but lower suppressive activity. Most of the CD25(-) clonal populations contained cells that expressed FOXP3 in the resting state, but FOXP3 demethylation was not observed. We conclude that MAGE-A3.DP4 vaccination can produce CD4(+) T cells that may exert regulatory T-cell function in vivo.
François
Violaine
V
Université Catholique de Louvain, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Ltd, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
Ottaviani
Sabrina
S
Renkvist
Nicolina
N
Stockis
Julie
J
Schuler
Gerold
G
Thielemans
Kris
K
Colau
Didier
D
Marchand
Marie
M
Boon
Thierry
T
Lucas
Sophie
S
van der Bruggen
Pierre
P
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015851:Interleukin-7 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015851:Interleukin-7; C072013:MAGEA3 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D015847:Interleukin-4