Using parabolic mirrors for complete imaging of apple surfaces.
Automated imaging systems offer the potential to inspect the quality and safety of fruits consumed by the public. One problem that has hindered adoption of automated technologies has been the inability to image the complete surface of an individual fruit. A particular problem is that both the stem and calyx are concave structures. The goal of this project was to examine tradeoffs for using multiple mirrors to image the surface of apples. For testing, individual apples were suspended using two thin wires, mirrors were placed around an apple, and movies were captured at 90 images per sec. Apples were rotated in all dimensions to examine the efficacy of different mirror configurations. It was determined that specific configurations of two, four, or six parabolic concave mirrors could image an entire surface. A configuration using two mirrors and multiple images acquired as apples roll by was also found to be viable.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Daniel
D
Reese
Alan M
AM
Lefcourt
Moon S
MS
Kim
Y
Y
Martin Lo
D003116:Color; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D027845:Malus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D013499:Surface Properties