Waveguide grating coupler with subwavelength microstructures.
We propose a silicon waveguide-fiber grating coupler that uses a subwavelength microstructure to achieve a continuously variable grating strength yet can be fabricated using only a single etch step. By adjusting the subwavelength microstructure at every point along the grating, the grating coupler can be optimized to give high field overlap with the optical fiber mode and also minimize backreflections along the incident waveguide path. Our design example is optimized for quasi-TM mode in a silicon photonic-wire waveguide, as required for waveguide evanescent-field-sensing applications. A field overlap of up to 94% with a standard single-mode optical fiber (SMF-28) is achieved by coupler apodization. Backreflection from the grating is reduced to ~0.1%, and the total predicted photonic wire to fiber coupling efficiency is 50%.
Halir
Robert
R
Departamento Ingeniería de Comunicaciones, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain. robert.halir@ic.uma.es
Cheben
Pavel
P
Janz
Siegfried
S
Xu
Dan-Xia
DX
Molina-Fernández
Iñigo
I
Wangüemert-Pérez
Juan G
JG
D055100:Optical Fibers; D017785:Photons; D012031:Refractometry; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
D012825:Silicon