Interruptions during nurses' drug rounds in surgical wards: observational study.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the study was to examine the frequency and perceived risk of interruptions to nurses during drug rounds in seven Italian surgical wards.


BACKGROUND
Management of drug therapy is an integral part of the clinical role of nurses. Many errors are caused by interruptions to which the nurse is subjected during the drug rounds. However, the frequency of interruptions to nurses during drug rounds has not yet been documented.


METHODS
An observational study design was developed: (1) 56 randomized drug rounds, eight for each ward included, were observed and (2) 28 convenience samples of observed nurses were interviewed.


RESULTS
The administration of a total of 945 medications was observed, an average of 2.2 per patient being treated: 298 interruptions were observed (one for every 3.2 drugs given). Ten different categories of interruption emerged. The highest risk of error as a result of interruption perceived by these nurses was related to the management of telephone calls.


CONCLUSIONS
Many of the interruptions as a result of the organization of work could be avoided: one organizational priority should be to create a calm atmosphere for administering drugs. Ways to develop a calm atmosphere are discussed.
Palese
Alvisa
A
School of Nursing, University of Udine, Viale Ungheria 18, Udine, Italy. alvisa.palese@uniud.it
Sartor
Arianna
A
Costaperaria
Giuliana
G
Bresadola
Vittorio
V
D001288:Attention; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000451:nursing*; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration; D019370:Observation; D012308:Risk Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013689:Telephone