Platelet-derived microparticles and the potential of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonists in treating acute coronary syndrome.
Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors are major platelet membrane constituents. They are integral to the formation of the surface fibrinogen receptor on activated platelets, in which 73% of platelet-derived microparticles are positive for the glycoprotein IIa/IIIb receptor. Activated platelets can shed platelet-derived microparticles, especially during the course of an acute coronary syndrome. Data have shown that platelet-derived microparticles can bind to the endothelium, to leukocytes, and to the submatrix of vascular walls, and launch some signal-transduction pathways, such as the pertussis-toxin-sensitive G protein, extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathways. One research group found that platelet-derived microparticles transfer glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptors to isolated and whole-blood neutrophils. The receptors can co-localize with beta(2)-integrins and cooperate in the activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), which can be inhibited by glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists. Accordingly, it is possible that glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists produce a direct and marked effect on endothelial cells, smooth-muscle cells, and leukocytes through a platelet-derived microparticle pathway that will lead to a potential treatment for acute coronary syndrome.Herein, we review the medical literature and discuss the potential application of platelet-derived microparticles toward the treatment of acute coronary syndrome.
Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300051, People's Republic of China.
Ximing
X
Li
Hongliang
H
Cong
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D055252:Cell-Derived Microparticles / Q000187:drug effects*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex