Sarcoid-like granulomatosis in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor blockers: 10 cases.
OBJECTIVE
TNF blockers have been recently evaluated for treating refractory sarcoidosis and could be efficient. However, several cases of sarcoidosis have been diagnosed during anti-TNF therapy. Here, we report the largest series of sarcoid-like granulomatosis following TNF blocker treatment.


METHODS
A call for observations of sarcoid-like granulomatosis following TNF blocker treatment was sent to the members of the French 'Club Rhumatismes et Inflammation'. Histological evidence of granulomatosis was required.


RESULTS
Observations of 10 patients [seven females; median age 50.5 (range 27-72) years] with sarcoid-like granulomatosis while on anti-TNF treatment were collected: five were treated with etanercept and five with monoclonal antibodies; four patients received TNF blockers for RA and six for SpA. The median delay between anti-TNF agent introduction and granulomatosis diagnosis was 18 (range 1-51) months. Clinical symptoms were mainly pulmonary and cutaneous. Angiotensin-converting enzyme activity was increased in six cases. Lymph-node and/or lung involvement were observed by CT scan of the chest for eight patients. The median delay between drug discontinuation and remission was 6 (range 1-11) months for clinical signs and 6 (range 2-12) months for biological and radiographic findings. Improvement was observed in all patients after drug discontinuation with or without steroids.


CONCLUSIONS
Sarcoid-like granulomatosis is rare but not exceptional in patients treated with TNF blockers (approximately 1/2800) and does not seem to be related to gender, rheumatic disease or in our series the type of anti-TNF drug used (monoclonal antibodies or soluble receptor). Discontinuation of anti-TNF usually leads to recovery.
Daïen
Claire Immediato
CI
CHU Lapeyronie, Service d'Immuno-Rhumatologie, Montpellier, France.
Monnier
Agnes
A
Claudepierre
Pascal
P
Constantin
Arnaud
A
Eschard
Jean-Paul
JP
Houvenagel
Eric
E
Samimi
Mahtab
M
Pavy
Stephan
S
Pertuiset
Edouard
E
Toussirot
Eric
E
Combe
Bernard
B
Morel
Jacques
J
D000068879:Adalimumab; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D006099:Granuloma / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069285:Infliximab; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D017565:Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary / Q000139:chemically induced; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D000069285:Infliximab; D000068879:Adalimumab; D000068800:Etanercept