Dynamics of membrane trafficking downstream of B and T cell receptor engagement: impact on immune synapses.
The onset of an adaptive immune response requires the activation of T and B lymphocytes by antigen-presenting cells, through a specialized form of intercellular communication, known as the immunological synapse (IS). In B lymphocytes the IS promotes efficient recognition and acquisition of membrane-bound Ags, while in T cells, it modulates the T cell response upon exposure to peptide-major histocompatibility complexes. In this review, we highlight the similarities that determine B and T cell activation, focusing on immune receptor downstream signaling events that lead to synapse formation. We stress the notion that polarization of T and B lymphocytes characterized by global changes in cytoskeleton and membrane trafficking modulates synapse structure and function, thus determining lymphocyte effector functions and fate.
INSERM U932, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
Maria-Isabel
MI
Yuseff
Danielle
D
Lankar
Ana-Maria
AM
Lennon-Duménil
D004705:Endocytosis; D005089:Exocytosis; D054992:Immunological Synapses / Q000502:physiology*; D021381:Protein Transport; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell