Pharmacologic therapy for periocular infantile hemangiomas: a review of the literature.
Infantile hemangiomas are common vascular tumors of childhood with a propensity for the head and neck. In the periocular region, they can cause functional and cosmetic deformity. The proliferation and involution of hemangiomas are controlled by complex interactions of molecular, cellular, and hormonal regulators. There is no single uniformly safe and effective treatment option. Various modalities, including local and systemic pharmacologic agents, lasers, surgery and embolization, are employed to halt growth and to induce regression. This article will review the rapidly evolving field of pharmacologic treatment of infantile hemangiomas.
Nguyen
John
J
Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles St., Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Fay
Aaron
A
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011433:Propranolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011433:Propranolol; D000077271:Imiquimod