Vascular effects of rapid-acting insulin analogs in the diabetic patient: a review.
The insulin analogs lispro, aspart, and glulisine are the only commercially available rapid-acting insulins to treat diabetes. We review the evidence for treating hyperglycemia, using insulin, and specifically using rapid-acting analogs in diabetic individuals, on the prevention of vascular events. We review the beneficial effects of insulin on the vascular system, which include vasodilation and anti-inflammatory actions. The effects of treating hyperglycemia and intensive blood glucose control on vascular outcomes are reviewed.
Fordan
Steve
S
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8858, USA.
Raskin
Philip
P
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061267:Insulin Aspart; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D019518:Postprandial Period; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061267:Insulin Aspart; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C479079:insulin glulisine