Maxillary sinus augmentation in humans using cortical porcine bone: a histological and histomorphometrical evaluation after 4 and 6 months.
BACKGROUND
Bone substitutes, such as allografts, xenografts, and alloplasts, have been proposed in several augmentation procedures.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was a histologic and histomorphometric evaluation of specimens retrieved 4 or 6 months after sinus augmentation using cortical porcine bone augmentation material.


METHODS
A total of 77 specimens, retrieved after 4 and 6 months from augmented sinuses, were used in this study. The specimens were processed to be observed under light microscopy. Histomorphometric measurements were presented as means ± standard deviations.


RESULTS
Most of the particles were surrounded by newly formed bone with large osteocyte lacunae. Histomorphometry showed that, after 4 months, the newly formed bone represented 28%, marrow spaces 36%, the residual graft material 37%, while, after 6 months, the newly formed bone represented 31%, marrow spaces 34%, while the residual graft material was 37%.


CONCLUSIONS
The present results show that cortical porcine bone is a biocompatible, osteoconductive biomaterial that can be used for maxillary sinus augmentation procedures without interfering with the normal reparative bone processes.
Scarano
Antonio
A
Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Via F. Sciucchi 63, Chieti, Italy.
Piattelli
Adriano
A
Perrotti
Vittoria
V
Manzon
Licia
L
Iezzi
Giovanna
G
D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods*; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes