Emerging lysophospholipid mediators, lysophosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylthreonine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylglycerol.
It is now widely accepted that lysophospholipids (LPLs), a product of the phospholipase A reaction, function as mediators through G-protein-coupled receptors. Notably, recent studies of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) have revealed their essential roles in vivo. On the other hand, other LPLs such as lysophosphatidylserine (LPS), lysophosphatidylthreonine (LPT), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI) and lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG) have been reported to show lipid mediator-like responses both in vivo (LPS and LPT) and in vitro (LPS, LPT, LPE and LPG), while very little is known about their receptor, synthetic enzyme and patho-physiological roles. In this review, we summarize the actions of these LPLs as lipid mediators including LPS, LPT, LPE and LPG.
Makide
Kumiko
K
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
Kitamura
Hajime
H
Sato
Yusuke
Y
Okutani
Michiyo
M
Aoki
Junken
J
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000502:physiology*; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction
C118065:G-protein-coupled receptor 34; D008024:Ligands; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid