Bacterial community composition and chitinase gene diversity of vermicompost with antifungal activity.
Bacterial communities and chitinase gene diversity of vermicompost (VC) were investigated to clarify the influence of earthworms on the inhibition of plant pathogenic fungi in VC. The spore germination of Fusarium moniliforme was reduced in VC aqueous extracts prepared from paper sludge and dairy sludge (fresh sludge, FS). The bacterial communities were examined by culture-dependent and -independent analyses. Unique clones selected from 16S rRNA libraries of FS and VC on the basis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) fell into the major lineages of the domain bacteria Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. Among culture isolates, Actinobacteria dominated in VC, while almost equal numbers of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were present in FS. Analysis of chitinolytic isolates and chitinase gene diversity revealed that chitinolytic bacterial communities were enriched in VC. Populations of bacteria that inhibited plant fungal pathogens were higher in VC than in FS and particularly chitinolytic isolates were most active against the target fungi.
Yasir
Muhammad
M
Division of Applied Life Science, PMBBRC and EB-NCRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
Aslam
Zubair
Z
Kim
Seon Won
SW
Lee
Seon-Woo
SW
Jeon
Che Ok
CO
Chung
Young Ryun
YR
D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002686:Chitin / Q000378:metabolism; D002688:Chitinases / Q000235:genetics*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects; D015723:Gene Library; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006376:Helminths / Q000378:metabolism*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology; D012987:Soil; D012988:Soil Microbiology
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012722:Sewage; D012987:Soil; D002686:Chitin; D002688:Chitinases