Multiphasic collagen fibre-PLA composites seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells for osteochondral defect repair: an in vitro study.
A promising approach for the repair of osteochondral defects is the use of a scaffold with a well-defined cartilage-bone interface. In this study, we used a multiphasic composite scaffold with an upper collagen I fibre layer for articular cartilage repair, separated by a hydrophobic interface from a lower polylactic acid (PLA) part for bone repair. Focusing initially on the engineering of cartilage, the upper layer was seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) suspended in a collagen I hydrogel for homogeneous cell distribution. The constructs were cultured in a defined chondrogenic differentiation medium supplemented with 10 ng/ml transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1) or in DMEM with 10% fetal bovine serum as a control. After 3 weeks a slight contraction of the collagen I fibre layer was seen in the TGFbeta1-treated group. Furthermore, a homogeneous cell distribution and chondrogenic differentiation was achieved in the upper third of the collagen I fibre layer. In the TGFbeta1-treated group cells showed a chondrocyte-like appearance and were surrounded by a proteoglycan and collagen type II-rich extracellular matrix. Also, a high deposition of glycosaminoglycans could be measured in this group and RT-PCR analyses confirmed the induction of chondrogenesis, with the expression of cartilage-specific marker genes, such as aggrecan and collagen types II and X. This multiphasic composite scaffold with the cartilage layer on top might be a promising construct for the repair of osteochondral defects.
Orthopaedic Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Tissue Engineering, König-Ludwig-Haus, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Germany.
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Heymer
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Bradica
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Eulert
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Nöth
D002356:Cartilage / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism
D024042:Collagen Type I; D024043:Collagen Type II; D003470:Culture Media; D020100:Hydrogels; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D003094:Collagen