Clinical significance of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL) expression in primary rectal cancer.
BACKGROUND
Emerging evidence has demonstrated that Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is up-regulated in multiple malignancies, including oesophagus cancer, and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis and progression. However, till now, little is known about the role of NGAL in human rectal cancer. Its association with clinicopathologic characteristics and expression of MMP-9, one of its target genes, has not been reported systematically in rectal cancer. Therefore, to further determine the potential involvement of NGAL in rectal cancer, we have evaluated the expression level of NGAL mRNA by real time RT-PCR, and further elucidated the correlation of NGAL mRNA expression with clinicopathologic features and MMP-9 in rectal cancer.


METHODS
100 paired samples of rectal cancer and adjacent normal tissues obtained from inpatients undergoing surgical operation were allocated into two groups (cancer group and control group). The mRNA expression of NGAL and MMP-9 was determined by real-time RT-PCR. The association between their expression and clinicopathological characteristics of rectal cancer were analysised.


RESULTS
Among the 100 rectal cancers, 69 cases of NGAL mRNA up-regulation were observed. NGAL mRNA up-regulation was positively correlated with MMP-9 (rs = 0.393, p < 0.001). In rectal cancer, NGAL mRNA overexpression was significantly associated with depth of invasion (p = 0.028), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.009), venous involvement (p = 0.023) and advanced pTNM stage (p = 0.011).


CONCLUSIONS
In human rectal cancer, NGAL mRNA expression was elevated. NGAL mRNA up-regulation was correlated significantly with tumor progression and MMP-9 mRNA overexpression in rectal cancer, suggesting a more aggressive phenotype. NGAL could be used for rectal cancer characterization.
Zhang
Xiu-Feng
XF
Department of Oncological Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, 325000, PR China. legandsky520@163.com
Zhang
Ying
Y
Zhang
Xiao-Hua
XH
Zhou
Su-Mei
SM
Yang
Guan-Gen
GG
Wang
Ou-Chen
OC
Guo
Gui-Long
GL
Yang
Gao-Yi
GY
Hu
Xiao-Qu
XQ
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015854:Up-Regulation
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9