Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among patients with prostate cancer.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the frequency of vitamin D deficiency among men with prostate cancer, as considerable epidemiological, in vitro, in vivo and clinical data support an association between vitamin D deficiency and prostate cancer outcome.


METHODS
The study included 120 ambulatory men with recurrent prostate cancer and 50 with clinically localized prostate cancer who were evaluated and serum samples assayed for 25-OH vitamin D levels. Then 100 controls (both sexes), matched for age and season of serum sample, were chosen from a prospective serum banking protocol. The relationship between age, body mass index, disease stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, season and previous therapy on vitamin D status were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses.


RESULTS
The mean 25-OH vitamin D level was 25.9 ng/mL in those with recurrent disease, 27.5 ng/mL in men with clinically localized prostate cancer and 24.5 ng/mL in controls. The frequency of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) and insufficiency (20-31 ng/mL) was 40% and 32% in men with recurrent prostate; 28% had vitamin D levels that were normal (32-100 ng/mL). Among men with localized prostate cancer, 18% were deficient, 50% were insufficient and 32% were normal. Among controls, 31% were deficient, 40% were insufficient and 29% were normal. Metastatic disease (P = 0.005) and season of blood sampling (winter/spring; P = 0.01) were associated with vitamin D deficiency in patients with prostate cancer, while age, race, performance status and body mass index were not.


CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were common among men with prostate cancer and apparently normal controls in the western New York region.
Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA. Donald.Trump@RoswellPark.org
Donald L
DL
Trump
Manpreet K
MK
Chadha
Annette Y
AY
Sunga
Marwan G
MG
Fakih
Umeer
U
Ashraf
Carrie G
CG
Silliman
Bruce W
BW
Hollis
Mary K
MK
Nesline
Lili
L
Tian
Wei
W
Tan
Candace S
CS
Johnson
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*
D014807:Vitamin D