A prospective analysis of the association between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
Previous case-control studies have suggested that a high intake of animal foods and its associated nutrients are associated with an increased risk of renal cell carcinoma, although data from prospective studies are limited. We report here on the relationship between macronutrient intake and renal cell carcinoma incidence among 435,293 participants enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association of dietary intake of fat, protein, carbohydrate, fiber and cholesterol and risk of renal cell carcinoma adjusted for age, sex, center, height, body mass index, physical activity, education, smoking, menopausal status, alcohol and energy intake. During an average 8.8 years of follow-up, 507 renal cell carcinoma cases occurred. Risk of renal cell carcinoma was not associated with macronutrient intake, including nutrients derived from animal sources. Our results indicate that macronutrient intake is not associated with risk of renal cell carcinoma in this cohort of European men and women.
Allen
Naomi E
NE
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. naomi.allen@ceu.ox.ac.uk
Roddam
Andrew W
AW
Sieri
Sabina
S
Boeing
Heiner
H
Jakobsen
Marianne Uhre
MU
Overvad
Kim
K
Tjønneland
Anne
A
Halkjaer
Jytte
J
Vineis
Paolo
P
Contiero
Paolo
P
Palli
Domenico
D
Tumino
Rosario
R
Mattiello
Amalia
A
Kaaks
Rudolf
R
Rohrmann
Sabine
S
Trichopoulou
Antonia
A
Zilis
Demosthenes
D
Koumantaki
Yvoni
Y
Peeters
Petra H
PH
Bueno-de-Mesquita
H Bas
HB
Barricarte
Aurelio
A
Rodríguez
Laudina
L
Dorronsoro
Miren
M
Sánchez
Maria-José
MJ
Chirlaque
María Dolores
MD
Esquius
Laura
L
Manjer
Jonas
J
Wallström
Peter
P
Ljungberg
Börje
B
Hallmans
Göran
G
Bingham
Sheila
S
Khaw
Kay-Tee
KT
Boffetta
Paolo
P
Norat
Teresa
T
Mouw
Traci
T
Riboli
Elio
E
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D004041:Dietary Fats