Preparation and characterization of beta-tricalcium phosphate co-doped with monovalent and divalent antibacterial metal ions.
Ag(+) and Zn(2+) or Cu(2+) ions were co-doped with beta-tricalcium phosphate (AgZn-TCP and AgCu-TCP), and their substitution models, antimicrobial activities, mechanisms and cytotoxicities were investigated. The lattice constants (a-axis and c-axis) of AgZn-TCP and AgCu-TCP decreased linearly with the amount of Zn(2+) or Cu(2+) ions up to 9.09 mol.%, which indicated that Ag(+) ions were doped at the Ca(4) site and a vacancy in the beta-TCP structure, and Zn(2+) or Cu(2+) ions were doped at the Ca(5) site. Antibacterial activities of AgZn-TCP and AgCu-TCP on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were higher than those of Ag(+) ions-doped beta-TCP (Ag-TCP) and pure beta-TCP. These antimicrobial activities suggested that an interaction occurred between bacteria and Ag(+), Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) ions eluted from AgZn-TCP and AgCu-TCP and between bacteria and the free radicals generated by antibacterial agents or in bacterial cells. AgZn-TCP and AgCu-TCP can be used over long periods of time with high antimicrobial activity, because the rate at which Ag(+) ions are released from AgZn-TCP and AgCu-TCP is slower than that at which Ag(+) ions are released from Ag-TCP. However, it is necessary to determine the suitable amounts of Ag(+), Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) ions in AgZn-TCP and AgCu-TCP by considering both their antimicrobial activities and cytotoxicities, because beta-TCP doped with a large amount of these metal ions exhibits cytotoxicity. Furthermore, AgZn-TCP and AgCu-TCP are considered to be promising materials for use in various fields.
Matsumoto
N
N
Department and Faculty of Engineering, Graduate School, Chiba Institute of Technology, 2-17-1 Tsudanuma, Narashino-shi, Chiba 275-0016, Japan.
Sato
K
K
Yoshida
K
K
Hashimoto
K
K
Toda
Y
Y
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D007477:Ions; D008422:Materials Testing; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013499:Surface Properties
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate