title: Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (PLRP2) induction by IL-4 in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and reevaluation of the negative effects of its gene ablation on cytotoxicity.
abstract: Pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (PLRP2) is induced by IL-4 in vitro in cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones and CTLs from immunized wild-type (WT) PLRP2(+/+) are more cytotoxic than PLRP2(-/-) CTLs, suggesting to previous investigators that the lipase PLRP2 might support CTL functions. Here, we further evaluate PLRP2 in CTLs. We found that PLRP2 was optimally induced in splenocytes by 3.5 x 10(-8) M IL-4 by day 6 after activation and was restricted to CD8(+) T cells. PLRP2 mRNA was detected inconsistently (and at low levels) after activation in the presence of IL-2. Cytotoxicity in 4 h (51)Cr assays of WT CTLs was approximately 3-fold the activity of PLRP2(-/-) CTLs cultured with IL-4 and, with IL-2, was unexpectedly approximately 2 fold the activity of PLRP2(-/-) CTLs. Thus, PLRP2 gene ablation affected short-term (perforin-dependent) cytotoxicity, even under the IL-2 conditions. Other variables failed to account for the reduced cytotoxicity. Granzyme B levels, activation markers, and CD8(+) T cell frequencies were similar for WT vs. PLRP2(-/-) CTLs (with either cytokine). Addition of rPLRP2 to IL-4 induced PLRP2(-/-) CTLs (or to cytotoxic granule extracts) failed to increase lysis, suggesting that the missing mediator is more than released PLRP2. Cytotoxicity of WT and PLRP2(-/-) CTLs was similar in 2-day tumor survival assays with IL-4, which can be mediated by perforin-independent mechanisms. We conclude that extracellular PLRP2 lipase is unable to directly augment the cytotoxicity that was lost by PLRP2 ablation and that after reevaluation, the question of what is PLRP2's role in CD8 T cells is still unanswered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557-0046, USA. brycea@gbis.com
authors.forename: Bryce N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Tamang
authors.forename: Viki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: Jillian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edelnant
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Redelman
authors.forename: Cherie A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: Dorothy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hudig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008049:Lipase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D008049:Lipase; C075988:pancreatic lipase related protein 2