title: [Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms related with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Study of 1804 men aged 40 or older in Madrid].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) related with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are present nowadays in approximately 20 to 30% of the Spanish male population from the age of 50 onwards. The purpose of this study was to assess clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with LUTS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was performed, between 1999 and 2000, among 1,804 men aged 40 or older who were living in Madrid. Subjects were interviewed by telephone; socio-demographic information was requested and the presence of LUTS was assessed using the International Prostate Symptoms Score. Informed consent was requested, Association between qualitative variables was evaluated by chi2 or Fisher's test. A logistic regression model was performed to control confusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of moderate/severe LUTS was 16.6% (95%CI: 14.8-18.3). Nearly 90% of the subjects consumed olive oil, 71.5% alcohol, 63.1% did not smoke and 96.9% did not consume drugs. A 27.7% of the subjects had hypertension and 8.8% referred diabetes. Men aged 70 or older had a threefold increased frequency of serious symptoms compared to younger men (OR: 3.31; 95%CI: 2.10-5.22). Low level of studies increased this frequency by a factor of 2.2 (95%CI: 1.42-3.46) and men who consumed only seed oil had twice more serious symptoms than those who consumed olive oil (OR: 1.86; 95%CI: 0.98-3.55).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family history of urological diseases, age, low level of studies, hypertension, diabetes and seed oil consumption were independently associated with more serious symptoms, while medium alcohol consumption and mild smoking habit were associated with slighter symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Servicio de Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid. cfernandez.hcsc@salud.madrid.org
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernández Pérez
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moreno Sierra
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cano Escudero
authors.forename: Manuel Enrique
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fuentes Ferrer
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bocardo Fajardo
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silmi Moyano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications*; D053448:Prostatism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D013030:Spain; D014505:Urban Population