title: Randomized clinical trial of balance-based torso weighting for improving upright mobility in people with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Torso weighting has sometimes been effective for improving upright mobility in people with multiple sclerosis, but parameters for weighting have been inconsistent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether balance-based torso weighting (BBTW) has immediate effects on upright mobility in people with multiple sclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a 2-phase randomized clinical trial. In phase 1, 36 participants were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In phase 2, the control group was subsequently randomized into 2 groups with alternate weight-placement. Tests of upright mobility included: timed up and go (TUG), sharpened Romberg, 360-degree turns, 25-foot walk, and computerized platform posturography. Participants were tested at baseline and again with weights placed according to group membership. In both phases, a physical therapist assessed balance for the BBTW group and then placed weights to decrease balance loss. In phase 1, the control group had no weights placed. In phase 2, the alternate treatment group received standard weight placement of 1.5% body weight.
  
  
  RESULTS
  People with BBTW showed a significant improvement in the 25-foot walk (P = .01) over those with no weight, and the TUG (P = .01) over those with standard weight placement. BBTW participants received an average of 0.5 kg, less than 1.5% of any participant's body weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BBTW can have immediate advantages over a nonweighted condition for gait velocity and over a standardized weighted condition for a functional activity in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) who are ambulatory but have balance and mobility abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, California.
authors.forename: Gail L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Widener
authors.forename: Diane D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gibson-Horn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004856:Postural Balance; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016138:Walking