title: Toward a wide-field retinal prosthesis.
abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present a wide field electrode array that may increase the field of vision in patients implanted with a retinal prosthesis. Mobility is often impaired in patients with low vision, particularly in those with peripheral visual loss. Studies on low vision patients as well as simulation studies on normally sighted individuals have indicated a strong correlation between the visual field and mobility. In addition, it has been shown that an increased visual field is associated with a significant improvement in visual acuity and object discrimination. Current electrode arrays implanted in animals or human vary in size; however, the retinal area covered by the electrodes has a maximum projected visual field of about 10 degrees. We have designed wide field electrode arrays that could potentially provide a visual field of 34 degrees, which may significantly improve the mobility. Tests performed on a mechanical eye model showed that it was possible to fix 10 mm wide flexible polyimide dummy electrode arrays onto the retina using a single retinal tack. They also showed that the arrays could conform to the inner curvature of the eye. Surgeries on an enucleated porcine eye model demonstrated feasibility of implantation of 10 mm wide arrays through a 5 mm eye wall incision.
authors.affiliation: Doheny Retina Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. amerih@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ameri
authors.forename: Tanapat
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ratanapakorn
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ufer
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eckhardt
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Humayun
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Weiland
mesh_terms: D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001698:Biomedical Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001766:Blindness / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields