title: Remediation of lignin and its derivatives from pulp and paper industry wastewater by the combination of chemical precipitation and ozonation.
abstract: In the present work the degradation of the lignin and its derivatives in the residual water of a paper industry by simple ozonation was investigated. The remediation of lignin was realized using the combination of the pre-treatment with chemical precipitation, using concentrated sulfuric acid (97.1%) at the pH 1 and 3, and of the simple ozonation of the filtered residual water at the pH 1, 3, 8 and 12. Since the high residues content (the initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) is 70,000 mg/L) in the experiments the diluted samples (1:10) were used. The previous precipitation has showed a significant effect on the reduction of the COD (77%) and color (96.1%). The sludge precipitated contents sulfolignin, which in the reaction with sulfuric acid was formed. In ozonation of the filtered residual water during 25 min at the pH 1, 3, 8 and 12 the follows by-products were formed: fumaric, maleic, malonic and formic acids. The biodegradability of the treated water in ozonation increases up 0.067-0.29. The effect of the precipitation and the ozonation conditions on the decolorization kinetics was evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Superior School of Chemical Engineering, National Polytechnic Institute of Mexico, UPALM, DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: De los Santos Ramos
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Poznyak
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chairez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Córdova R
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007700:Kinetics; D008031:Lignin; D010209:Paper; D012722:Sewage; D013464:Sulfuric Acids
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D012722:Sewage; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D008031:Lignin; C033158:sulfuric acid