title: Freezing of Gait Questionnaire: validity and reliability of the Swedish version.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patient-reported assessments of freezing of gait (FOG) in Parkinson's disease (PD), such as the FOG questionnaire (FOGQ), are needed because FOG is difficult to assess objectively. However, the measurement properties of the FOGQ have been sparsely assessed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the measurement properties of the Swedish FOGQ, and to explore relationships between FOGQ scores and other aspects of PD. Methods - Thirty-seven people with PD were assessed with the FOGQ, Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn and Yahr (HY), Falls-Efficacy Scale [FES(S)], timed gait tests, and the SF-36 physical functioning (PF) scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean (SD) FOGQ item scores ranged between 1.3 and 2.1 (1.2-1.5); corrected item-total correlations ranged between 0.80 and 0.94. Reliability was 0.95. Mean (SD) and median (q1-q3) FOGQ scores were 9.6 (7.4) and 10 (2-15). Floor and ceiling effects were < or =5.4%. FOGQ correlated strongest with UPDRS part II (ADL), UPDRS item 14 (freezing), and HY (r(S) 0.65-0.66). FOGQ scores correlated with PD duration, the Timed Up and Go test, dyskinesia, motor fluctuations, FES(S), and PF scores (r(S) 0.40-0.62). Fallers had higher FOGQ scores than non-fallers (median 12.5 vs 5.0).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data support the measurement properties of the Swedish FOGQ by replicating and extending previous psychometric reports.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Maria_H.Nilsson@med.lu.se
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hagell
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D018476:Hypokinesia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004856:Postural Balance; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden