title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activation by a short-term feeding of zingerone in aged rats.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), members of the nuclear hormone receptor family, are key regulators of various metabolic pathways related to lipid and glucose metabolism as well as inflammation. We examined the effect of zingerone, a major ingredient of ginger, on PPAR, hepatic nuclear factor-4 (HNF-4), and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) expression in 21-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Two experimental groups receiving doses of either 2 or 8 mg/kg/day zingerone for 10 days were compared with young rats (6 months old) and an age-matched control group. For molecular work, the endothelial cell line YPEN-1 was used. Both the 2 and 8 mg/kg/day dose of zingerone significantly increased DNA binding activities of PPARs (2.8-fold). Expression of HNF-4 was also increased in the group receiving the 8 mg/kg/day dose. We further showed that zingerone partially prevented the age-related decline in PPAR expression. In vitro experiments revealed zingerone (10 microM) increased PPAR expression (2.5-fold) to a similar extent as the PPAR agonist fibrate (5 microM) and suppressed pro-inflammatory transcription factor NF-kappaB activity. Collectively, our findings suggest that zingerone exerts its potent anti-inflammatory action by increasing HNF-4 and PPAR activities, while suppressing NF-kappaB activity.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Mi Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Heun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Dae Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Sue
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anton
authors.forename: Arnold Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Kun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokozawa
authors.forename: Sook Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Byung Pal
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hae Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015870:Gene Expression; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D010936:Plant Extracts; C013738:zingerone; D006139:Guaiacol; D004247:DNA