title: Reduction of renal superoxide dismutase in progressive diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: Superoxide excess plays a central role in tissue damage that results from diabetes, but the mechanisms of superoxide overproduction in diabetic nephropathy (DN) are incompletely understood. In the present study, we investigated the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), a major defender against superoxide, in the kidneys during the development of murine DN. We assessed SOD activity and the expression of SOD isoforms in the kidneys of two diabetic mouse models (C57BL/6-Akita and KK/Ta-Akita) that exhibit comparable levels of hyperglycemia but different susceptibility to DN. We observed down-regulation of cytosolic CuZn-SOD (SOD1) and extracellular CuZn-SOD (SOD3), but not mitochondrial Mn-SOD (SOD2), in the kidney of KK/Ta-Akita mice which exhibit progressive DN. In contrast, we did not detect a change in renal SOD expression in DN-resistant C57BL/6-Akita mice. Consistent with these findings, there was a significant reduction in total SOD activity in the kidney of KK/Ta-Akita mice compared with C57BL/6-Akita mice. Finally, treatment of KK/Ta-Akita mice with a SOD mimetic, tempol, ameliorated the nephropathic changes in KK/Ta-Akita mice without altering the level of hyperglycemia. Collectively, these results indicate that down-regulation of renal SOD1 and SOD3 may play a key role in the pathogenesis of DN.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Geriatric Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan. hirofuji@gipc.akita-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujishima
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chida
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanetsuna
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Breyer
authors.forename: Raymond C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Takamune
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010641:Phenotype; D013113:Spin Labels; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D007527:Isoenzymes; D013113:Spin Labels; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C001803:tempol