title: Breast cancer knowledge, risk factors and screening among adult Saudi women in a primary health care setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess level and determinants of knowledge about risk factors and utilization of screening methods used for breast cancer early detection among adult Saudi women in Al Hassa, KSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  cross-sectional descriptive.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,315 Saudi adult females were included, selected through a multistage stratified sampling method from ten primary health care centers. No previous history of breast cancer, attendance for routine services or accompanying patients were prerequisites for eligibility. Participants were invited to personal interview with pre-tested validated questionnaire including inquiries regarding knowledge, screening practices including clinical breast examination (CBE), mammography, individual breast cancer risk factors and perceived barriers towards (CBE). Both descriptive and inferential statistics were applied; logistic regression was conducted to determine the possible correlates of knowledge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall level of knowledge regarding risk factors and appropriate screening was low and dependent upon educational and occupational status. Early screening is underutilized among participants due to several perceived barriers. Clinical breast examinations were employed by less than 5% and mammography by only 3% of cases. A positive family history was found in 18% of cases among first and second degree relatives, and 2 % had a prior history of benign breast lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Included women, irrespective of their educational status, had knowledge deficits regarding breast cancer risk factors and underutilization of the recommended breast cancer screening. Several barriers are contributing to such knowledge deficits and screening behavior.
authors.affiliation: Family and Community Medicine Department, King Faisal University-Al Hassa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. amin55@myway.com
authors.forename: Tarek Tawfik
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: Abdul Rahman Saleh
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Al Mulhim
authors.forename: Abdullalh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al Meqihwi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography; D008875:Middle Aged; D010808:Physical Examination; D012307:Risk Factors; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult