title: Adapting health education material for deaf audiences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The deaf population is an often-overlooked limited English proficiency (LEP) group at risk for health disparities associated with low health literacy. Lack of access to health information conveyed via radio, television, or ambient auditory sources such as public conversation further aggravates this population's low health literacy. Methods of adapting health education material for hearing LEP populations do not reach deaf audiences with equal effectiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  We adapt health education material for deaf audiences by first determining the "learning points" contained in vetted source material. A dialog-based film script covering those learning points is created. Supplemental content addressing common deaf population knowledge gaps and sociocultural experiences is added. Deaf actors are filmed following the adapted American Sign Language (ASL) script. Their ASL is back-translated into English to yield vocal track and subtitle scripts. The source material author(s) are consulted throughout the process to assure the film's adherence to the learning point list.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Users report that the adapted product is more relevant, engaging, and effective for deaf audiences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This adaptation approach may aid in reducing deaf population health disparities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Robert Q
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Pollard
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Robyn K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: O'Hearn
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Sharon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Haynes
mesh_terms: D003638:Deafness / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004522:Educational Status; D006266:Health Education; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006801:Humans; D012813:Sign Language; D014743:Videotape Recording