title: Keratinocyte growth factor accelerates compensatory growth in the remaining lung after trilobectomy in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In rats pulmonary resection is followed by lung compensatory growth. However, the molecular mechanism underlying lung compensatory growth remains unclear. Keratinocyte growth factor is expressed in lung tissue and is considered a possible mitogen for lung epithelial cells. The objectives of this study were to define the role of keratinocyte growth factor and its receptor in rat lung compensatory growth after trilobectomy and the effect of exogenous keratinocyte growth factor gene transfection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult Lewis rats were used. Right trilobectomy was performed in the operation group and sham thoracotomy in the sham group. In the operation group, keratinocyte growth factor-FLAG or FLAG expression vector was transfected directly into the lung by means of electroporation. Expression of keratinocyte growth factor and its receptor and alveolar cell proliferation index based on proliferating cell nuclear antigen levels were measured in the right lung at day 14 after the operation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, keratinocyte growth factor, and keratinocyte growth factor receptor expression in lung epithelial cells was significantly increased at day 4 after trilobectomy. Transfection of keratinocyte growth factor-FLAG expression vector resulted in further significant enhancement of proliferating cell nuclear antigen at day 4 after trilobectomy; however, the transfection of FLAG expression vector did not alter the enhancement of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Exogenous expression of keratinocyte growth factor in the remaining lung by means of electroporation significantly augmented epithelial proliferation and decreased the average airspace distance (mean linear intercept).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results implicate keratinocyte growth factor in the induction of alveolar epithelial cell proliferation for compensatory lung growth and indicate that overexpression of keratinocyte growth factor in the remaining lung by means of electroporation significantly augmented lung epithelial proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Division of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Keitaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagayasu
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hishikawa
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Takatomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamayoshi
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abo
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tobinaga
authors.forename: Katsuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koji
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2; C065104:keratinocyte growth factor receptor