Prevalence and predictors of breast and cervical cancer screening among Spanish women with diabetes.
OBJECTIVE To examine the use of mammography and Papanicolaou (Pap) smear among women with diabetes and to identify predictors of adherence to these tests. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed data of a nationally representative sample of Spanish women. Diabetes status was self-reported. Screenings were assessed asking whether they had a mammography (> or =40 years) and a Pap smear (18-69 years) within the previous 2 and 3 years, respectively. RESULTS Women with diabetes were less likely to receive mammography (57.9%) or have a Pap smear (61.5%) than women without diabetes (mammography 61.9%, P < 0.05; Pap smear 65.6%, P < 0.05). After adjusting for age, educational level, income, comorbidity, tobacco use, obesity, and physician visits, the corresponding odds ratios remained significant (0.84, 95% CI 0.72-0.97) and (0.82, 95% CI 0.66-0.98). Higher educational level was a positive predictor for both tests among diabetic women. CONCLUSIONS Spanish women with diabetes underuse breast and cervical cancer screening tests.
Jiménez-Garcia
Rodrigo
R
Preventive Medicine Unit, Rey Juan Carlos University, Alcorcón, Spain. rodrigo.jimenez@urjc.es
Hernandez-Barrera
Valentin
V
Carrasco-Garrido
Pilar
P
Gil
Angel
A
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D055815:Young Adult