title: In vitro release of propranolol from oil/water microemuisions.
abstract: Synopsis Oil/water (o/w) microemulsions containing propranolol were studied. Isopropylmyristate was used as the oil, Tween 60 as a surfactant, butanol as a co-surfactant and a buffer of pH 6.5 for the continuous phase. The lipophilicity of propranolol was enhanced by formation of lipophilic ion-pairs to obtain a disperse phase that could act as a reservoir; octanoic acid was used as counter-ion. The diffusion rates of propranolol from microemulsions through a hydrophilic membrane decreased as the concentration of octanoic acid increased. The apparent permeability constant, determined at the beginning of the experiment, was 2.9 x 10(-9) cm s(-1) for propranolol alone and diminished until 3.5 x 10(-10) cm s(-1) in the presence of octanoic acid, at a concentration of 16.4 times that of propranolol.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Corso Raffaello, 31 10125 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gasco
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Carlotti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trotta