title: Does mental health history explain gender disparities in insomnia symptoms among young adults?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insomnia is the most commonly reported sleep disorder, characterized by trouble falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early. Previous epidemiological data reveal that women are more likely than men to suffer from insomnia symptoms. We investigate the role that mental health history plays in explaining the gender disparity in insomnia symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using logistic regression, we analyze National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) III interview and laboratory data, merged with data on sociodemographic characteristics of the residential census tract of respondents. Our sample includes 5469 young adults (ages 20-39) from 1429 census tracts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consistent with previous research, we find that women are more likely to report insomnia symptoms compared to men (16.7% vs. 9.2%). However, in contrast to previous work, we show that the difference between women's and men's odds of insomnia becomes statistically insignificant after adjusting for history of mental health conditions (OR=1.08, p>.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The gender disparity in insomnia symptoms may be driven by higher prevalence of affective disorders among women. This finding has implications for clinical treatment of both insomnia and depression, especially among women.
authors.affiliation: Stony Brook University, Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8338, USA. lhale@notes.cc.sunysb.edu
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hale
authors.forename: D Phuong
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Basurto-Davila
authors.forename: Melonie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heron
authors.forename: Brian K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Finch
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dubowitz
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lurie
authors.forename: Chloe E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Bird
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult