title: Influence of age on the management of heart failure: findings from Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure (GWTG-HF).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Heart failure (HF) is common among elderly adults. Although multiple studies demonstrate age-related declines in the utilization of evidence-based therapies for coronary artery disease, there are few analyses of HF patients to distinguish possible age-related management differences.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 57,937 HF admissions from January 2005 through April 2007 in 257 hospitals participating in the American Heart Association's Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure program. Patient characteristics and management were stratified by age groups < or = 65, 66-75, 76-85, and >85 years. Multivariable regression analyses were used to assess the influence of age on use of therapies and inhospital mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 73 +/- 14 years; 18.7% were >85 years of age. Prescriptions of most HF therapies were relatively reduced with age but still remained high overall. Although 88.6% of patients < or = 65 years of age with left ventricular systolic dysfunction were prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker and 90.9% were prescribed beta-blockers, among those >85 years of age with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, 79% were prescribed angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker and 82.7% were prescribed beta-blockers. Regression analysis that accounted for typical confounders demonstrated that older age was associated with diminished utilization of most evidence-based treatment measures as well as increased mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure data demonstrate that guidelines recommended therapies are frequently utilized for older patients with HF, including patients >85 years old. Nonetheless, age-related differences in therapy persist, suggesting that opportunities to improve care still remain.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. deforman@partners.org
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Forman
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: Adrian F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Clyde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yancy
authors.forename: Gregg C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fonarow
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000572:American Heart Association; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014481:United States