title: Evaluation of pH and calcium ion release of new root-end filling materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pH and calcium ion release of 6 materials used for root-end filling and perforation repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gray ProRoot MTA, gray MTA-Angelus, white MTA-Angelus, and CPM were compared to 2 experimental ones: MTA-exp, also based in Portland cement with a modified mixing liquid, and MBPc, an epoxy-resin based cement containing calcium hydroxide. After 3, 24, 72, and 168 hours the water in which each sample had been immersed was tested to determine the ph and calcium ion release.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the analyzed materials showed alkaline pH and capacity to release calcium ions; however, a tendency of reduction of these characteristics was noted for all the analyzed materials, except for the MBPc, which showed a slight increase of pH among the 3 initial periods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that all materials investigated presented alkaline pH and ability of release of calcium ions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Brazilian Dental Association-Ceará Session, Ceará, Brazil. bcv@usp.br
authors.forename: Bruno Carvalho
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: de Vasconcelos
authors.forename: Ricardo Affonso
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bernardes
authors.forename: Suyane M Luna
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Marco Antonio Húngaro
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Pedro de Magalhães
authors.initials: Pde M
authors.lastname: Padilha
authors.forename: Norberti
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bernardineli
authors.forename: Roberto Brandão
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Clóvis Monteiro
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bramante
authors.forename: Ivaldo Gomes
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: de Moraes
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies / Q000737:chemistry; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D001466:Barium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D010087:Oxides; D019279:Resin Cements; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D014867:Water; D001466:Barium Sulfate; C033301:bismuth oxide; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002118:Calcium; D001729:Bismuth