title: The cost of intensified case finding and isoniazid preventive therapy for HIV-infected patients in Battambang, Cambodia.
abstract: METHODS
  The current study evaluates one of four pilot sites initiated in Cambodia to establish feasible and effective ways to manage patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and tuberculosis (TB).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure the costs of intensified case finding (ICF) and isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) services for HIV-infected patients in Battambang Province, Cambodia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed cost data retrospectively from September 2003 to February 2006 using a microcosting or ingredients-based approach and interviewed clinic personnel to determine the cost of ICF and IPT per person.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adherence to IPT at Battambang IPT clinic was high (86%) relative to other reported studies of IPT among HIV patients in developing countries. The estimated cost per TB case averted through ICF was US$363, while the estimated cost per TB case averted through IPT was US$955.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Economic evaluations of TB-HIV integrated services are necessary as countries move to establish or scale-up these services. Based upon the estimated effectiveness of ICF and IPT used by other studies examining the provision of integrated HIV-TB services, the cost per TB case prevented by ICF and IPT in Battambang, Cambodia, is less than the reported cost of treating a new smear-positive TB case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Finance, Economics and Quantitative Methods, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-4460, USA. bsutton@uab.edu
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chheng
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Eang
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kimerling
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002160:Cambodia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018579:Patient Selection; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000191:economics*; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000191:economics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid