title: Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of global ischemia and cardioprotection in the rabbit heart.
abstract: Cardioplegia is used to partially alleviate the effects of surgically induced global ischemia injury; however, the molecular mechanisms involved in this cardioprotection remain to be elucidated. To improve the understanding of the molecular processes modulating the effects of global ischemia and the cardioprotection afforded by cardioplegia, we constructed rabbit heart cDNA libraries and isolated, sequenced, and identified a compendium of nonredundant cDNAs for use in transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. New Zealand White rabbits were used to compare the effects of global ischemia and cardioplegia compared with control (nonischemic) hearts. The effects of RNA and protein synthesis on the cardioprotection afforded by cardioplegia were investigated separately by preperfusion with either alpha-amanitin or cycloheximide. Our results demonstrate that cardioplegia partially ameliorates the effects of global ischemia and that the cardioprotection is modulated by RNA- and protein-dependent mechanisms. Transcriptomic and proteomic enrichment analyses indicated that global ischemia downregulated genes/proteins associated with mitochondrial function and energy production, cofactor catabolism, and the generation of precursor metabolites of energy. In contrast, cardioplegia significantly increased differentially expressed genes/proteins associated with the mitochondrion and mitochondrial function and significantly upregulated the biological processes of muscle contraction, involuntary muscle contraction, carboxylic acid and fatty acid catabolic processes, fatty acid beta-oxidation, and fatty acid metabolic processes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. james_mccully@hms.harvard.edu
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: McCully
authors.forename: Monoj K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Bhasin
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: Manuel C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dillon
authors.forename: Towia A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Liberman
authors.forename: Douglas B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mably
authors.forename: Francis X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: McGowan
authors.forename: Sidney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Levitsky
mesh_terms: D053959:Alpha-Amanitin; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003513:Cycloheximide; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D007511:Ischemia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D008660:Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000235:genetics; D040901:Proteomics; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D053959:Alpha-Amanitin; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005227:Fatty Acids; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D003513:Cycloheximide