title: Human papillomavirus typing and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels in female sex workers with a negative cervical smear result.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) levels in female sex workers with a negative cervical smear result, and to determine the effectiveness of using sIL-2R levels to screen for high-risk strains of HPV.
  
  
  METHODS
  A negative cervical smear result and a blood sample were obtained from 68 women: 43 female sex workers and 25 women acting as controls. HPV DNA genotyping was performed and sIL-2R levels were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Female sex workers had significantly higher sIL-2R levels than women in the control group (318.37+/-239.7 vs 114.4+/-56.5 U/mL, respectively P<0.001). In addition, female sex workers with high-risk strains of HPV had significantly higher sIL-2R levels than those who did not have high-risk strains of HPV (736.7+/-251.5 vs 250.5+/-156.1 U/mL, respectively; P=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High sIL-2R levels may be useful in screening for high-risk strains of HPV in female sex workers who have a negative cervical smear result.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Afyonkarahisar Kocatepe University, Medical School, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. dagistantolgaarioz@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Dagistan Tolga
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Arioz
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altindis
authors.forename: Cigdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tokyol
authors.forename: Raike
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kalayci
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saylan
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmazer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis*; D011477:Sex Work; D014626:Vaginal Smears
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2