title: 2(+/-)-7,8,3',4',5'-Pentamethoxyflavan induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in HL60 cells.
abstract: 2(+/-)-7,8,3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavan (PMF), a synthetic flavan racemate, showed growth inhibitory effect on various kinds of tumor cells. The present study is to investigate the molecular mechanisms of action of PMF in human leukemia HL60 cells. Anti-proliferative effect of PMF on HL60 cells was associated with G2/M cell cycle arrest, which was mediated by regulating the expression of Cdc25C, cyclin A and p21 proteins and inhibiting the phosphorylation of Cdc2 at Thr161. PMF also induced apoptosis of HL60 cells via death receptor and mitochondria apoptotic pathways, which was characterized by DNA fragmentation, cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, changes of Bcl-2 and Bax expression, cytochrome c release from mitochondria and a decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). These data suggest that PMF produces anti-tumor effect via induction of G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, PR China. maenlong@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Enlong
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yanchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Weige
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaolong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wenjiao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Te
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikejima
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D020169:Caspases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D044950:Flavanones / Q000737:chemistry*; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D053218:Receptors, Death Domain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C450643:(2)-5,6,7,8,4'-pentamethoxyflavanone; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D044950:Flavanones; D053218:Receptors, Death Domain; D020169:Caspases