title: Reinforcement ambiguity and novelty do not account for transitive inference deficits in schizophrenia.
abstract: The capacity for transitive inference (TI), a form of relational memory organization, is impaired in schizophrenia patients. In order to disambiguate deficits in TI from the effects of ambiguous reinforcement history and novelty, 28 schizophrenia and 20 nonpsychiatric control subjects were tested on newly developed TI and non-TI tasks that were matched on these 2 variables. Schizophrenia patients performed significantly worse than controls on the TI task but were able to make equivalently difficult nontransitive judgments as well as controls. Neither novelty nor reinforcement ambiguity accounted for the selective deficit of the patients on the TI task. These findings implicate a disturbance in relational memory organization, likely subserved by hippocampal dysfunction, in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Research Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Titone
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Krastoshevsky
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Zhuying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Nancy R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Mendell
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eichenbaum
authors.forename: Deborah L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011930:Reaction Time; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D055815:Young Adult