title: Children who read words accurately despite language impairment: who are they and how do they do it?
abstract: Some children learn to read accurately despite language impairments (LI). Nine- to 10-year-olds were categorized as having LI only (n = 35), dyslexia (DX) only (n = 73), LI + DX (n = 54), or as typically developing (TD; n = 176). The LI-only group had mild to moderate deficits in reading comprehension. They were similar to the LI + DX group on most language measures, but rapid serial naming was superior to the LI + DX group and comparable to the TD. For a subset of children seen at 4 and 6 years, early phonological skills were equally poor in those later classified as LI or LI + DX. Poor language need not hinder acquisition of decoding, so long as rapid serial naming is intact; reading comprehension, however, is constrained by LI.
authors.affiliation: University of Oxford, UK. dorothy.bishop@psy.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Dorothy V M
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: Marianna E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hayiou-Thomas
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D032882:Comprehension; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D011578:Psycholinguistics; D011932:Reading; D012691:Serial Learning; D013060:Speech; D009626:Terminology as Topic