title: Dural ectasia in Marfan syndrome: a case control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dural ectasia (DE) is one of the major criteria of Marfan syndrome (MFS). Our aim was to establish the prevalence of DE in an adult population fulfilling the Ghent criteria for MFS and to assess definitions of DE.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred five adults with suspected MFS were included. MR imaging at 1.5T was performed unless contraindicated; then CT was obtained. Lumbosacral anteroposterior vertebral body diameters (VBD) and dural sac diameters (DSD) were measured. Dural sac ratios (DSR = DSD/VBD) at levels L3 through S1 were calculated. Anterior meningoceles, herniations of nerve root sleeves, and scalloping were characterized. One hundred one sex- and age-matched patients were included as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 3 patient groups: 1) fulfilling Ghent criteria independent of DE (n = 73), 2); fulfilling Ghent criteria dependent on DE (n = 14), and 3); and suspected MFS, not fulfilling Ghent criteria (n = 18). DE was found in 86% of group 1. At levels L4-S1, mean DSRs were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 3 and controls (P < .001). Herniations of the nerve root sleeves were present in 73% in group 1 versus 1% in controls. Anterior meningoceles were found in 37% and 14% in groups 1 and 2, respectively, but not in group 3 or controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diagnosis of DE on MR imaging or CT should be based on the presence of at least 1 of the following criteria: anterior meningoceles or nerve root sleeve herniation, DSD at S1 or below larger than DSD at L4, and DSR at S1 >0.59.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Rikshospitalet, Sognsvannsveien 20, Oslo, Norway. rigmor.lundby@medisin.uio.no
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lundby
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rand-Hendriksen
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hald
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Lilleås
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Pripp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Skaar
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Paus
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Geiran
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008382:Marfan Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*