title: Analysis on the guided bone augmentation in the rat calvarium using a microfocus computerized tomography analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Guided bone augmentation (GBA) in its most challenging form is the creation of new bone through the guidance of bone cells to an area beyond the original outer skeletal envelope. We used a microfocus computerized tomography (R_mCT) system to examine bone augmentation beyond the skeletal envelope in the rat calvarium.
  
  
  METHODS
  The calvarium was exposed and critical-size 5-mm defects were prepared bilaterally. Two resin caps were placed with or without hydroxyapatite (HA), and images of bone augmentation within the resin cap were obtained using R_mCT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The experimental site showed bone regeneration beyond the skeletal envelope. Bone continuity was observed between the defect edge and HA. In contrast, no new bone formation was observed beyond the skeletal envelope at the control site. The bone volume increased significantly at the experimental site compared with the control site in a time-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The R_mCT system enabled the continuous observation of guided bone augmentation with graft materials in rat calvarium.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Oral Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kochi
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Tomihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D006882:Hydroxyapatites