Autoimmune T cell responses in the central nervous system.
Autoreactive T cell responses have a crucial role in central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Recent data indicate that CNS autoimmunity can be mediated by two distinct lineages of CD4+ T cells that are defined by the production of either interferon-gamma or interleukin-17. The activity of these CD4+ T cell subsets within the CNS influences the pathology and clinical course of disease. New animal models show that myelin-specific CD8+ T cells can also mediate CNS autoimmunity. This Review focuses on recent progress in delineating the pathogenic mechanisms, regulation and interplay between these different T cell subsets in CNS autoimmunity.
Goverman
Joan
J
Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-7650, USA. goverman@u.washington.edu
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D020381:Interleukin-17; D007371:Interferon-gamma