title: Selective iNOS-inhibition does not influence apoptosis in ruptured canine cranial cruciate ligaments.
abstract: Abnormal patterns of cell death, including increased apoptosis, can influence homeostasis of ligaments and could be involved in the pathogenesis of cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture. Increased nitric oxide (NO) production has been implicated as a stimulus to increased apoptosis in articular cartilage. This study investigated apoptotic cell death in ruptured canine CCL (CCL group, n = 15), in ruptured CCL of dogs treated with oral L-N6-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine (L-NIL), a selective NO-synthetase(NOS)-inhibitor, (L-NIL group, n = 15) and compared the results with normal canine CCL (control group, n = 10). Orally administered L-NIL at a dosage of 25mg/m2 of body surface area was effective in inhibiting NO production in the articular cartilage of dogs in the L-NIL group, but it did not significantly influence the increased quantity of apoptotic cells found in ruptured CCL specimens. The results of this study suggest that apoptosis of ligamentocytes in the canine CCL is not primarily influenced by increased NO production within the stifle joint.
authors.affiliation: Division of Small Animal Surgery and Orthopedics, Vetsuisse Faculty Berne, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Berne, Längassstrasse 128, P.O. Box 3001, Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Forterre
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schweighauser
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krayer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doherr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schawalder
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zurbriggen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spreng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000473:pathology*; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C090663:N(6)-(1-iminoethyl)lysine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D053148:Caspase 3; D008239:Lysine