title: Functional walking capacity as an outcome measure of laparoscopic prostatectomy: the effect of lidocaine infusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intravenous lidocaine infusion has been shown to affect postoperative pain intensity. This present study was performed to assess the effect of intra- and postoperative lidocaine infusion on postoperative functional walking capacity, as a measure of surgical recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients undergoing laparoscopic prostatectomy were randomized to receive an i.v. infusion of either lidocaine 2 mg kg(-1) h(-1) during surgery and 1 mg kg(-1) min(-1) for the first 24 postoperative hours (lidocaine group) or an equivalent volume of saline 0.9% (control group). All patients received postoperative patient-controlled analgesia with i.v. morphine. Primary outcome was functional walking capacity, as assessed by distance attained during the 2 min walking test (2MWT), recorded daily for the first 3 postoperative days. Morphine consumption and pain intensity were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  2MWT distance decreased by an average of 60% (P<0.01) in both groups on postoperative day 1 (from 150 m before surgery to 53 m), but the decrease was 26 m less in the lidocaine group (P=0.009). During postoperative days 2 and 3, the 2MWT distance increased to an average of 96 m, still 30% less than the preoperative values. There was a significant negative correlation on postoperative days 1 and 2 between the 2MWT distance, pain intensity and fatigue, and morphine consumption. Lidocaine infusion was an independent predictor of the degree of postoperative decrease in 2MWT distance. More patients in the lidocaine group were free from PCA on the second postoperative day (P=0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infusion of lidocaine during surgery and for the first postoperative day attenuated the deterioration in functional walking capacity, and had an opioid sparing effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Ave, Room D10.144, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3G 1A4.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lauwick
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mistraletti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004434:Early Ambulation; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009020:Morphine; D008012:Lidocaine