title: The anatomy of extended limbic pathways in Asperger syndrome: a preliminary diffusion tensor imaging tractography study.
abstract: It has been suggested that people with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) have altered development (and connectivity) of limbic circuits. However, direct evidence of anatomical differences specific to white matter pathways underlying social behaviour and emotions in ASD is lacking. We used Diffusion Tensor Imaging Tractography to compare, in vivo, the microstructural integrity and age-related differences in the extended limbic pathways between subjects with Asperger syndrome and healthy controls. Twenty-four males with Asperger syndrome (mean age 23+/-12 years, age range: 9-54 years) and 42 age-matched male controls (mean age 25+/-10 years, age range: 9-54 years) were studied. We quantified tract-specific diffusivity measurements as indirect indexes of microstructural integrity (e.g. fractional anisotropy, FA; mean diffusivity, MD) and tract volume (e.g. number of streamlines) of the main limbic tracts. The dissected limbic pathways included the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior frontal occipital fasciculus, uncinate, cingulum and fornix. There were no significant between-group differences in FA and MD. However, compared to healthy controls, individuals with Asperger syndrome had a significantly higher number of streamlines in the right (p=.003) and left (p=.03) cingulum, and in the right (p=.03) and left (p=.04) inferior longitudinal fasciculus. In contrast, people with Asperger syndrome had a significantly lower number of streamlines in the right uncinate (p=.02). Within each group there were significant age-related differences in MD and number of streamlines, but not FA. However, the only significant age-related between-group difference was in mean diffusivity of the left uncinate fasciculus (Z(obs)=2.05) (p=.02). Our preliminary findings suggest that people with Asperger syndrome have significant differences in the anatomy, and maturation, of some (but not all) limbic tracts.
authors.affiliation: Section of Brain Maturation, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK. luca_pugliese@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pugliese
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catani
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ameis
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dell'Acqua
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thiebaut de Schotten
authors.forename: Clodagh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Dene
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Quinton
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Deeley
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: Declan G M
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D020817:Asperger Syndrome / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008032:Limbic System / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000473:pathology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D055815:Young Adult