title: Ig synthesis and class switching do not require the presence of the hs4 enhancer in the 3' IgH regulatory region.
abstract: Several studies have reported that regulatory elements located 3' of the IgH locus (namely hs3a, hs1,2, hs3b, and hs4) might play a role during class switch recombination (CSR) and Ig synthesis. While individual deletion of hs3a or hs1,2 had no effect, pairwise deletion of hs3b (an inverted copy of hs3a) and hs4 markedly affected CSR and Ig expression. Among these two elements, hs4 was tentatively presented with the master role due to its unique status within the 3' regulatory region: distal position outside repeated regions, early activation in pre-B cells, strong activity throughout B cell ontogeny. To clarify its role, we generated mice with a clean deletion of the hs4 after replacement with a floxed neo(R) cassette. Surprisingly, and as for previous deletion of hs3a or hs1,2, deletion of hs4 did not affect either in vivo CSR or the secretion level of any Ig isotype. In vitro CSR and Ig secretion in response to LPS and cytokines was not affected either. The only noticeable effects of the hs4 deletion were a decrease in the number of B splenocytes and a decreased membrane IgM expression. In conclusion, while dispensable for CSR and Ig transcription in plasma cells, hs4 mostly appears to contribute to Ig transcription in resting B lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 6101, Université de Limoges, France.
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vincent-Fabert
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Truffinet
authors.forename: Remi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fiancette
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cogné
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cogné
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Denizot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D017578:Immunoglobulin Class Switching; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000235:genetics; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D007136:Immunoglobulins