title: Interdisciplinary behavioral rehabilitation of pediatric pain-associated disability: retrospective review of an inpatient treatment protocol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A biopsychosocial model was used to treat pain-associated disability in children and adolescents. We assessed the clinical outcomes of children and adolescents (8-21 years of age) with pain-associated disability who were treated in an interdisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation program which included physical, occupational, and recreational therapy, medicine, nursing, pediatric psychology, neuropsychology, psychiatry, social work, and education. Psychological treatment emphasized cognitive-behavioral intervention for pain and anxiety management, and behavioral shaping to increase functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective chart review of 41 consecutive patients. School attendance, sleep, and medication usage were assessed at admission and discharge; functional disability and physical mobility were assessed at admission, discharge, and 3-month follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a group, significant improvements were observed in school status, sleep, functional ability, physical mobility, and medication usage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings support the efficacy of an inpatient interdisciplinary behavioral rehabilitation approach to the treatment of pain-associated disability in pediatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. maynard@kennedykrieger.org
authors.forename: Cynthia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Maynard
authors.forename: Adrianna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amari
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wieczorek
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Keith J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Slifer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D009043:Motor Activity; D010146:Pain / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012890:Sleep; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult