title: Sequestration of E12/E47 and suppression of p27KIP1 play a role in Id2-induced proliferation and tumorigenesis.
abstract: Id2 is a member of the helix-loop-helix (HLH) family of transcription regulators known to antagonize basic HLH transcription factors and proteins of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor family and is implicated in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and carcinogenesis. To investigate its proposed role in tumorigenesis, Id2 or deletion mutants were re-expressed in Id2(-/-) dermal fibroblasts. Ectopic expression of Id2 or mutants containing the central HLH domain increased S-phase cells, cell proliferation in low and normal serum and induced tumorigenesis when grafted or subcutaneously injected into athymic mice. Similar to their downregulation in human tumors, the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27(KIP1) and p15(INK4b) was decreased by Id2; the former by downregulation of its promoter by the Id2 HLH domain-mediated sequestration of E12/E47. Re-expression of p27(KIP1) in Id2-overexpressing cells reverted the hyperproliferative and tumorigenic phenotype, implicating Id2 as an oncogene working through p27(KIP1). These results tie together the previously observed misregulation of Id2 with a novel mechanism for tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 3900 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
authors.forename: Valerie A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Trabosh
authors.forename: Kyle A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Divito
authors.forename: Baltazar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: D Aguda
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Simbulan-Rosenthal
authors.forename: Dean S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050762:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15 / Q000502:physiology*; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000502:physiology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018257:Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs; D051797:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D016196:S Phase; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D058125:Transcription Factor 7-Like 1 Protein
chemical_list: C493961:Cdkn1b protein, mouse; C493968:Cdkn2b protein, mouse; D050762:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p15; C497452:Idb2 protein, mouse; D051797:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 2; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; C544912:TCF7L1 protein, human; C544913:Tcf7l1 protein, mouse; D058125:Transcription Factor 7-Like 1 Protein; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27