title: Skipping breakfast adversely affects menstrual disorders in young college students.
abstract: In the present study we conducted a questionnaire survey to examine the relationship between dietary habits and menstrual disorders in young women. Subjects were recruited from 315 college students and were classified as: Group I, eating breakfast; Group II, skipping breakfast; Group III, not eating fast foods; Group IV, eating fast foods; Group V, not eating processed foods; and Group VI, eating processed foods. The intensity of dysmenorrhea was scored using three grades. All participants were further divided into groups based on having regular or irregular menstruation, having premenstrual symptoms or not, and self-perception of good or poor general health. General health was poor in Groups II and VI, and dysmenorrhea scores were high in Groups II, IV and VI. The incidence of irregular menses was also high in Group II. However, there was no apparent relation between premenstrual symptoms and dietary habits. These findings suggest that skipping breakfast adversely affects menstrual disorders in young college students.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Home Economics, Ashiya College, Ashiya, Japan. tomokof@bd5.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Natsuyo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hiroyo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Awaji
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D062408:Breakfast; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000208:ethnology; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D057140:Fast Foods / Q000009:adverse effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D005511:Food Handling; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009839:Oligomenorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult