title: Conducting carbonized polyaniline nanotubes.
abstract: Conducting nitrogen-containing carbon nanotubes were synthesized by the carbonization of self-assembled polyaniline nanotubes protonated with sulfuric acid. Carbonization was carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 degrees C min(-1) up to a maximum temperature of 800 degrees C. The carbonized polyaniline nanotubes which have a typical outer diameter of 100-260 nm, with an inner diameter of 20-170 nm and a length extending from 0.5 to 0.8 microm, accompanied with very thin nanotubes with outer diameters of 8-14 nm, inner diameters 3.0-4.5 nm and length extending from 0.3 to 1.0 microm, were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopies. Elemental analysis showed 9 wt% of nitrogen in the carbonized product. Conductivity of the nanotubular PANI precursor, amounting to 0.04 S cm(-1), increased to 0.7 S cm(-1) upon carbonization. Molecular structure of carbonized polyaniline nanotubes has been analyzed by FTIR and Raman spectroscopies, and their paramagnetic characteristics were compared with the starting PANI nanotubes by EPR spectroscopy.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia.
authors.forename: Slavko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mentus
authors.forename: Gordana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cirić-Marjanović
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trchová
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stejskal
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; C416807:polyaniline