title: Benign familial and non-familial infantile seizures (Fukuyama-Watanabe-Vigevano syndrome): a study of 14 cases from Saudi Arabia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Benign infantile seizures [BIS], familial and non-familial, represent a benign, age-related idiopathic syndrome of infancy. The aim of the current paper is to document the presence of the syndrome in Saudi Arabia and in Arab populations and to discuss the characteristic electroclinical features and the benign nature of this syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case series of 275 patients with epileptic seizures (age range: 2 months-13 years) were followed over a period of 3 years and 7 months. The inclusion criteria for BIS were as follows (1) age of seizure onset between 2 and 24 months, (2) normal development before, during and after the onset of seizures, (3) normal interictal EEG, (4) normal brain imaging, and (5) good response to treatment. We analyzed these infants with respect to age at seizure onset, sex, physical and neurological examination, consanguinity, frequency and type of convulsions, associated conditions and laboratory and radiological investigations. A waking and sleeping interictal EEG was performed on all patients, and for one patient (No. 1), ictal EEG and video clips were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen infants (12.0%) showed electroclinical features consistent with BIS. Eleven patients fulfilled the criteria of benign non-familial infantile seizures (BNFIS), and for three patients, their family pedigrees showed the possibility of benign familial infantile seizures (BFIS). All of the patients responded to anti-epileptic treatment, and 50% of them responded within 3 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the presence of BIS (Fukuyama-Watanabe-Vigevano syndrome) in Saudi Arabian and Arab populations. We highlighted the characteristic features of BIS and demonstrated the benign nature of the syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Armed Forces Hospital, Southern Region, King Fahad Military Hospital, Pediatric Department, Khamis Mushayt 101, Saudi Arabia. eysaad@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Imad Yassin
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Saadeldin
authors.forename: Yousef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Housawi
authors.forename: Abdulrahman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al Nemri
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Al Hifzi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D013577:Syndrome; D014741:Video Recording