title: Mono- and polysubstance dependent subjects differ on social factors, childhood trauma, personality, suicidal behaviour, and comorbid Axis I diagnoses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study aimed to examine the clinical correlates of polysubstance dependence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven hundred and fifty two substance-dependent subjects were interviewed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Brown-Goodwin Assessment for Lifetime History of Aggression (BGLHA), and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Subjects completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), and Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS). Subjects found to have polysubstance dependence were compared with subjects with monosubstance dependence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polysubstance dependence was found in 48.3% of the subjects. Subjects with polysubstance dependence were significantly younger, more were separated/divorced and unemployed, and they had significantly higher CTQ scores for childhood emotional and physical neglect, higher EPQ psychoticism scores, higher BGLHA aggression scores, and higher BIS impulsivity scores. Significantly more of the polysubstance dependent subjects had attempted suicide, self-mutilated, and exhibited aggressive behavior. Significantly more monosubstance dependent subjects had an Axis I psychiatric disorder and they had higher HDRS depression scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polysubstance dependence is common among the groups studied and may be associated with certain socio-demographic, developmental, and personality factors.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy. giovanni.martinotti@libero.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinotti
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tedeschi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Giannantonio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Janiri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sarchiapone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054523:Adult Survivors of Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010551:Personality; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult