title: Distinct targets of the Eco1 acetyltransferase modulate cohesion in S phase and in response to DNA damage.
abstract: Chromosome segregation and the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) require cohesin, the protein complex that mediates sister chromatid cohesion. Cohesion requires both a chromatin binding step and a subsequent tethering step called cohesion generation. Here we provide insight into how cohesion generation is restricted to S phase but can be activated in G2/M by a DSB in budding yeast. We show that Wpl1p inhibits cohesion in G2/M. A DSB counteracts Wpl1p and stimulates cohesion generation by first inducing the phosphorylation of the Mcd1p subunit of cohesin. This phosphorylation activates Eco1p-dependent acetylation of Mcd1p, which in turn antagonizes Wpl1p. Previous studies show that Eco1p antagonizes Wpl1p in S phase by acetylating the Smc3p subunit of cohesin. We show that Mcd1p and Smc3p acetylation antagonize Wpl1p only in their proper context. Thus, Eco1p antagonizes Wpl1p in distinct ways to modulate cohesion generation during the cell cycle and after DNA damage.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Carnegie Institution, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Jill M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Heidinger-Pauli
authors.forename: Elçin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koshland
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D000071877:Checkpoint Kinase 1; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002842:Chromatids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000502:physiology; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097722:Cohesins
chemical_list: D000123:Acetyltransferases; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D000071877:Checkpoint Kinase 1; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D008239:Lysine; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000097722:Cohesins; C490529:MCD1 protein, S cerevisiae; C476199:RAD61 protein, S cerevisiae; C120372:SMC3 protein, S cerevisiae; C118076:ECO1 protein, S cerevisiae