title: The effects of Anabaena spiroides exopolysaccharides on copper accumulation in an aquatic food chain.
abstract: The influence of Anabaena spiroides exopolysaccharides (EPS) on copper speciation (total dissolved, particulate and free Cu(2+) ions) and bioavailability in aquatic organisms was investigated. Bacteria were used as the first trophic level, Paramecium caudatum (protozoan) as the second and the copepod cyclopoid Metacyclops mendocinus as the third level. The organisms were obtained from a freshwater reservoir and held under continuous laboratory controlled conditions. Freshwater media containing EPS excreted by A. spiroides (10mgL(-1)) and copper (1.0x10(-6)molL(-1)) were used for bacteria growth. Contamined bacteria were used as food source to protozoan, which was further furnished to copepods. The results showed a reduction of EPS concentration during bacteria growth and also a smaller copper accumulation by microorganisms in the presence of EPS. We concluded that A. spiroides exopolysaccharides have reduced copper entrance into the experimental aquatic microbial food chain.
authors.affiliation: Dept. Hidrobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. pmayrink1@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: P F M
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: M G G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Melão
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: A A H
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Vieira
mesh_terms: D017033:Anabaena / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D033342:Copepoda / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D020387:Food Chain; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D048488:Paramecium caudatum / Q000378:metabolism; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D003300:Copper