title: Flaxseed oil attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver of hyperlipidemic hamsters.
abstract: Hyperlipidemia of hamsters was induced by high-fat/cholesterol diets formulated by the addition of coconut oil (CO), butter (BU), and flaxseed oil (FX). Lower (p < 0.05) serum lipids, liver size, and hepatic cholesterol and triacylglycerol contents were observed in the FX group compared to both CO and BU groups. The liver damage indices [glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) values] in the FX group were lower (p < 0.05) than those in the CO and BU groups, which may result from higher (p < 0.05) glutathione (GSH) levels and a tendency toward lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in livers. Besides, lower (p < 0.05) gene expression and activity of hepatic matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) in the FX group were lower (p > 0.05) compared to those in the CO and BU groups; however, no (p > 0.05) differences in gene expression activities of hepatic MMP-2 were observed among treatments. Those beneficial effects could explain the attenuation of FX on nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) induced by a high-fat/cholesterol dietary habit.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Shun-Fa
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jung-Kai
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Yuan-Yen
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yi-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008647:Mesocricetus
chemical_list: D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008043:Linseed Oil; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9