title: FOXA1 is a potential oncogene in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  FOXA1 is a mammalian endodermal transcription factor belonging to the human forkhead box gene family that plays a role in certain tumor types. Here, we investigated the potential role of FOXA1 in human thyroid carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the level of FOXA1 expression and gene copy number by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization, respectively, in a cohort of benign and malignant thyroid tumors. In addition, we examined the role of FOXA1 in the proliferation of an undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma cell line by short hairpin RNA-mediated silencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We show that FOXA1 is overexpressed in human anaplastic thyroid carcinomas (ATC). In addition, we identify FOXA1 DNA copy number gain within the 14q21.1 locus in both an ATC cell line and human ATC cases. Silencing of FOXA1 in an ATC cell line causes G(1) growth arrest and reduction of cell proliferation. Moreover, we observe a potential link between FOXA1 and the cell cycle machinery by identifying p27(kip1) up-regulation on FOXA1 silencing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FOXA1 is overexpressed in aggressive thyroid cancers and involved in cell cycle progression in an ATC cell line. Therefore, FOXA1 may be an important oncogene in thyroid tumorigenesis and a potential new therapeutic target for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Carmelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nucera
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eeckhoute
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Finn
authors.forename: Jason S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Azra H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ligon
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Priolo
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fadda
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toner
authors.forename: Orla
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sheils
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Attard
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pontecorvi
authors.forename: Vânia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nose
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loda
authors.forename: Myles
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015331:Cohort Studies; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018628:Gene Dosage; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D051541:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C436291:CDKN1B protein, human; C496499:FOXA1 protein, human; D051541:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alpha; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27