title: Virulence and pathophysiology of the Congo Basin and West African strains of monkeypox virus in non-human primates.
abstract: Monkeypox virus is divided into Congo Basin and West African strains. The virulence and pathophysiology of two strains, Zr-599 (a Congo Basin monkeypox virus) and Liberia (a West African monkeypox virus), were evaluated in non-human primates. Four monkeys were infected by the subcutaneous (SC) and two by the intranasal (IN) inoculation routes for Zr-599 and Liberia at a dose of 10(6) p.f.u. One monkey in the Liberia/SC group was demonstrated to be co-infected with Gram-positive cocci and was excluded from analyses. Infections in three of the four Zr-599/SC monkeys and in one of the three Liberia/SC monkeys were fatal. Virus genome levels in blood in the Zr-599/SC monkeys were approximately 10 times higher than those in the Liberia/SC monkeys. Zr-599 affected respiratory, genito-urinary and gastrointestinal tract organs more severely than Liberia. Zr-599 was more virulent than Liberia and one of the factors might be the difference in organ tropism.
authors.affiliation: Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), 4-7-1 Gakuen, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan. msaijo@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saijo
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ami
authors.forename: Yuriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzaki
authors.forename: Noriyo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Itoe
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiota
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Momoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Shuetsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukushi
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Tetsutaro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sata
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kurane
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morikawa
mesh_terms: D000354:Africa, Western; D000818:Animals; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003223:Congo; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D045908:Mpox, Monkeypox / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D008993:Monkeypox virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014709:Vero Cells; D014766:Viremia / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D014774:Virulence