title: Importation and co-circulation of multiple serotypes of dengue virus in Sarawak, Malaysia.
abstract: Although dengue is a common disease in South-East Asia, there is a marked absence of virological data from the Malaysian state of Sarawak located on the island of Borneo. From 1997 to 2002 we noted the co-circulation of DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4 in Sarawak. To determine the origins of these Sarawak viruses we obtained the complete E gene sequences of 21 isolates. A phylogenetic analysis revealed multiple entries of DENV-2 and DENV-4 into Sarawak, such that multiple lineages co-circulate, yet with little exportation from Sarawak. Notably, all viral isolates were most closely related to those circulating in different localities in South-East Asia. In sum, our analysis reveals a frequent traffic of DENV in South-East Asia, with Sarawak representing a local sink population.
authors.affiliation: Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. ech15@psu.edu
authors.forename: Edward C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Phaik-Hooi
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Tio
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: Jamail
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muhi
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cardosa
mesh_terms: D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012703:Serotyping; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C084188:E protein, Dengue virus type 3; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C466981:glycoprotein E, dengue virus type 4