title: Relative and cumulative effects of lipid and blood pressure control in the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The relative contributions of on-treatment low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, HDL-C), triglycerides, and blood pressure (BP) control on the risk of recurrent stroke or major cardiovascular events in patients with stroke is not well defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomized 4731 patients with recent stroke or transient ischemic attack and no known coronary heart disease to atorvastatin 80 mg per day or placebo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 4.9 years, at each level of LDL-C reduction, subjects with HDL-C value above the median or systolic BP below the median had greater reductions in stroke and major cardiovascular events and those with a reduction in triglycerides above the median or diastolic BP below the median showed similar trends. There were no statistical interactions between on-treatment LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, and BP values. In a further exploratory analysis, optimal control was defined as LDL-C <70 mg per deciliter, HDL-C >50 mg per deciliter, triglycerides <150 mg per deciliter, and SBP/DBP <120/80 mm Hg. The risk of stroke decreased with as the level of control increased (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] 0.98 [0.76 to 1.27], 0.78 [0.61 to 0.99], 0.62 [0.46 to 0.84], and 0.35 [0.13 to 0.96]) for those achieving optimal control of 1, 2, 3, or 4 factors as compared to none, respectively. Results were similar for major cardiovascular events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a cumulative effect of achieving optimal levels of LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, and BP on the risk of recurrent stroke and major cardiovascular events. The protective effect of having a higher HDL-C was maintained at low levels of LDL-C.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U-698, Denis Diderot University-Paris VII, Department of Neurology, Bichat University Hospital, Paris, France. pierre.amarenco@bch.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amarenco
authors.forename: Larry B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Messig
authors.forename: Blair J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Callahan
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sillesen
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hennerici
authors.forename: Justin A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zivin
authors.forename: K M A
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Welch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D011758:Pyrroles; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D000069059:Atorvastatin