title: Safety and efficacy of video-assisted versus conventional lung resection for lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the use of video-assisted thoracoscopy among patients with lung cancer and its safety and effectiveness relative to conventional resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort study (1994-2002) was conducted by using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results Medicare database. Video-assisted thoracoscopy and conventional resection were hypothesized to be equivalent in terms of risks of death. Equivalency was defined by a confidence interval of 0.72 to 1.28 for the odds of 30-day death and 0.89 to 1.11 for the hazard of death, corresponding to a difference of no more than 1% for 30-day mortality and 5% for 5-year survival, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 12,958 patients who underwent segmentectomy or lobectomy (mean age, 74 +/- 5 years), 6% underwent video-assisted thoracoscopy. The use of video-assisted thoracoscopy increased from 1% to 9% between 1994 and 2002. Compared with those who underwent conventional resection, patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopy more frequently had smaller tumors (P < .001) and stage I disease (P = .03), underwent lymphadenectomy (P < .001), and were cared for by higher-volume surgeons (P < .001) and at higher-volume hospitals (P < .001). After adjusting for differences in patient, cancer, management, and provider characteristics, the odds of early death were not significantly different between patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopy and those undergoing conventional resection, although equivalency was not demonstrated (adjusted odds ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.57-1.50). The hazard of death was equivalent for video-assisted thoracoscopy and conventional resection (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.90-1.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Video-assisted thoracoscopy was uncommonly used to manage lung cancer, although its use has increased over time. Video-assisted thoracoscopy and conventional resection were equivalent in terms of long-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Surgical Outcomes Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash 98195-6310, USA.
authors.forename: Farhood
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farjah
authors.forename: Douglas E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mulligan
authors.forename: Bahirathan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krishnadasan
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Heagerty
authors.forename: Rebecca Gaston
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Symons
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Flum
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000379:methods; D015996:Survival Rate; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; D016896:Treatment Outcome