Prenatal diagnosis of orofacial clefts, National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1998-2004.
OBJECTIVE
The aims of this study were to determine how frequently orofacial clefts were diagnosed prenatally and to investigate factors associated with prenatal diagnosis.


METHODS
We included 2298 mothers from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, each of whom gave birth to a child with an orofacial cleft, and assessed associated factors using logistic regression.


RESULTS
The frequencies of prenatal diagnosis for cleft lip and palate, cleft lip only, and cleft palate only were 33.3%, 20.3%, and 0.3%, respectively. Among cases with cleft lip with or without cleft palate, cleft type, geographic location, maternal body mass index, household income, year of infant's birth, and presence of multiple birth defects were significantly associated with receiving a prenatal diagnosis.


CONCLUSIONS
In the majority of infants with orofacial clefts, a prenatal diagnosis was not made. Receiving a prenatal diagnosis was significantly associated with several infant and maternal characteristics.
Johnson
Candice Y
CY
National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
Honein
Margaret A
MA
Hobbs
Charlotte A
CA
Rasmussen
Sonja A
SA
D000328:Adult; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008423:Maternal Age; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012923:Social Class; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology