title: Job strain and symptoms of angina pectoris among British and Finnish middle-aged employees.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High job strain has been linked with cardiovascular outcomes. This study aimed to examine whether job strain is associated with angina pectoris symptoms among British and Finnish non-manual employees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postal questionnaire survey data among 40-60-year-old employees of the British Whitehall II Study (n = 4551, 27% women) and the Finnish Helsinki Health Study (n = 7605, 83% women) cohort were analysed. Angina pectoris symptoms were the outcome in logistic regression analysis. Karasek's job strain was examined. Models were adjusted first for age, second for occupational class and finally for smoking, heavy drinking, physical inactivity, unhealthy food habits and obesity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Angina pectoris symptoms were reported by 5% of women and 3% of men in Britain, and by 6% of women and 4% of men in Finland. High job strain was associated with angina pectoris symptoms among men in Britain (OR 2.08; CI 95% 1.07 to 4.02) and women in Finland (OR 1.90; CI 95% 1.36 to 2.63) independent of age, occupational class, and behavioural risk factors. However, similar associations between job strain and angina pectoris symptoms were not observed among men in Finland or women in Britain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results yielded partial support for the association between job strain and angina pectoris symptoms across national contexts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland. tea.lallukka@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lallukka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chandola
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hemingway
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marmot
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lahelma
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rahkonen
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009790:Occupations; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*