title: In vivo developmental biology study using noninvasive multi-harmonic generation microscopy.
abstract: Morphological changes and complex developmental processes inside vertebrate embryos are difficult to observe noninvasively with millimeter-penetration and sub-micrometer-resolution at the same time. By using higher harmonic generation, including second and third harmonics, as the microscopic contrast mechanism, optical noninvasiveness can be achieved due to the virtual-level-transition characteristic. The intrinsic nonlinearity of harmonic generations provides optical sectioning capability while the selected 1230-nm near-infrared light source provides the deeppenetration ability. The complicated development within a ~1.5-mm thick zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo from initial cell proliferation, gastrulation, to tissue formation can all be observed clearly in vivo without any treatment on the live specimen.
authors.forename: Shi-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Szu-Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tsung-Han
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Tzu-Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Cheng-Yung
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Huai-Jen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chi-Kuang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sun