Opioid use in an Israeli health maintenance organization: 2000-2006.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess opioid use during 7 years (2000-2006) among Clalit Health Services (CHS) members.


METHODS
Purchasing data of opioids authorized for use in Israel were obtained from the computerized databases of CHS. Patient demographics and cancer morbidity were also extracted. The data were analyzed by converting the purchased opioids to oral morphine equivalents (OMEs).


METHODS
CHS is the largest health maintenance organization in Israel (3,774,600) and insures almost 54% of the Israeli population.


METHODS
All CHS members who purchased an opioid at least once during the 7-year study period (2000-2006).


METHODS
There were no interventions in this study.


METHODS
The outcome measures of this study were total OME purchased per year, OME (mg) per capita/per year, and OME (mg) daily dose.


RESULTS
There were 119,562 patients who purchased an opioid at least once (3.2% of CHS population). Of them, 57.4% were women, 69.0% aged 65 years and above (average age 56.05 years +/- 26.7), 7.7% purchased opioids for more than 12 months, and 81.3% purchased opioids for only 1-4 months. A 96% increase in total OME purchased was found between 2000 and 2006 (from 56.4 kg to 110.6 kg). The annual OME purchased per capita increased from 15.7 mg in the year 2000 to 29.3 mg in 2006. The total number of patients who received at least one opioid prescription increased by 60%, while the growth in total number of CHS members was smaller (4.8%).


CONCLUSIONS
There is a growing use of opioids at CHS during the 7-year period, a potential indicator of the progress made in improving accessibility and availability of opioids in our health care organization in Israel.
Shvartzman
Pesach
P
Pain and Palliative Medicine Unit, Division of Community Health, Department of Family Medicine, Siaal Research Center for Family Medicine and Primary Care, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel. spesah@bgu.ac.il
Freud
Tamar
T
Singer
Yoram
Y
Brill
Silviu
S
Sherf
Michael
M
Battat
Erez
E
Vardy
Daniel
D
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D018710:Pain Clinics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010148:Intractable Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D055656:Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid