title: Comparison of subjective and objective hot flash measures over time among breast cancer survivors initiating aromatase inhibitor therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hot flashes are valuable indicators of physiological condition and drug effect; however, subjective and objective measures do not always agree. No study has examined both subjective and objective hot flashes in women prescribed aromatase inhibitors. The study (1) compared subjective and objective hot flash measures, (2) examined changes in subjective and objective hot flashes over time, and (3) evaluated predictors of change in hot flashes in aromatase inhibitor-treated women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (n = 135) were enrolled in a randomized clinical trial comparing exemestane and letrozole for the treatment of breast cancer. Hot flashes were assessed before the start of the drug therapy and 1, 3, and 6 months later. Participants wore a sternal skin conductance monitor for 24 hours or longer at each time point. With each perceived hot flash, women pressed an event button and rated intensity and bother in a paper diary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants had a mean age of 60 years and were mainly white (92%). Across time points, monitor hot flashes were (1) significantly more frequent than diary and/or event button flashes (P < 0.05) and (2) moderately correlated with subjective measures (0.35 < r < 0.56). Monitor hot flashes did not significantly change over time with aromatase inhibitor therapy, whereas both diary and event button frequencies significantly varied but in dissimilar patterns (51% nonlinear). No consistent predictors of hot flashes across measures or time points were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings indicated dissimilarities between subjective and objective measures of hot flashes. Despite statistical significance, there was little clinically meaningful change in hot flashes after initiating aromatase inhibitor therapy.
authors.affiliation: Schools of 1Nursing and 2Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Julie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Otte
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Flockhart
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Storniolo
authors.forename: Vered
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stearns
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: N Lynn
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Faouzi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Azzouz
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lemler
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.forename: Stacie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeter
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Janet S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Carpenter
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D000077289:Letrozole; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009570:Nitriles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014230:Triazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D047072:Aromatase Inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles; D014230:Triazoles; D000077289:Letrozole; C056516:exemestane