title: Comparative efficacy of spinosad with conventional acaricides against hard and soft tick populations from Antalya, Turkey.
abstract: The acaricidal efficacy of ceramic tiles treated at field application rates with either spinosad (Mozkill 120 SC, 0.01 g ai/m(2)), deltamethrin (Impotek Deltamethrin EW, 0.01 g ai/m(2)), permethrin+esbiothrin (Chrysamed, 0.1 g ai/m(2)), chlorpyrifos-methyl (Chlortoks EC 50, 0.2 g ai/m(2)) or a mixture of alpha-cypermethrin/tetramethrin/piperonyl butoxide (Ecorex Alfa SE, 0.01 g ai/m(2)), against larval Rhipicephalus turanicus and Argas persicus ticks was determined in laboratory bioassays. All ticks were initially exposed to treated tiles for 15 min then removed to non-treated containers and mortality evaluated for 15 min, 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h postexposure. Generally, A. persicus proved to be the most susceptible of the two species to all treatments. The alpha-cypermethrin/tetramethrin/piperonyl butoxide mixture was the quickest acting acaricide against larval A. persicus where 100% mortality was observed 15 min postexposure. For the rest of the treatments complete mortality was obtained at 1 h except for permethrin/esbiothrin which occurred at 6 h postexposure. Complete mortality of larval R. turanicus occurred to deltamethrin and spinosad at 1 h postexposure with all acaricides providing 100% control at 6 h except permethrin/esbiothrin which only achieved 92% control through the end of the study (i.e. 24 h). Our results showed that spinosad would be a useful addition in a tick control program as an alternative for pyrethroids and organic phosphorus acaricides against both tick species.
authors.affiliation: Akdeniz University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, 07058 Antalya, Turkey. hcetin@akdeniz.edu.tr
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cilek
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oz
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: Onder
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Deveci
authors.forename: Atila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yanikoglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013987:Ticks / Q000187:drug effects*; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007306:Insecticides; D018942:Macrolides; C415329:spinosad