title: Gastric and small bowel ileus after severe burn in rats: the effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors.
abstract: Gastrointestinal (GI) ileus is a common complication after severe burns. Selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (COX-2i) improved post-operative ileus, but its effect on burn-induced GI dysmotility is unknown. Our aim was to test whether a COX-2i improves gastric emptying (GE) and small bowel transit (SBT) after burn. Experiment on GE: rats were anesthetized and randomized into sham/scald burn, treated/untreated with COX-2i. Six hours after burn, rats received a phenol red meal and were sacrificed 30 min later. Gastric emptying was determined based on the percentage of phenol red recovered in harvested stomachs. Experiment on SBT: rats received a duodenostomy and were scald/sham burned 5 days later. Six hours after burn, rats received a phenol red meal through the duodenostomy catheter and were sacrificed 100 min later. Geometric center (GC) was calculated for SBT. GE was decreased significantly in burned vs. sham animals (p<0.001). SBT was significantly impaired in burned vs. sham animals (p<0.001). The COX-2i improved GE in the burn rats but not GE in the control rats or SBT in the burn rats. COX-2i improves burn-induced delayed GE, suggesting the mediation of the latter via the prostaglandin pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine/Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Hermes M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Hanaa S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sallam
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Espana-Tenorio
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chinkes
authors.forename: Dai H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Jiande D Z
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Herndon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002056:Burns / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects; D045823:Ileus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D010637:Phenolsulfonphthalein; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; C090859:1-((4-methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-5-(4-fluorophenyl)pyrazole; D010637:Phenolsulfonphthalein