A preliminary study of functional connectivity in comorbid adolescent depression.
Major depressive disorder (MDD) begins frequently in adolescence and is associated with severe outcomes, but the developmental neurobiology of MDD is not well understood. Research in adults has implicated fronto-limbic neural networks in the pathophysiology of MDD, particularly in relation to the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Developmental changes in brain networks during adolescence highlight the need to examine MDD-related circuitry in teens separately from adults. Using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study examined functional connectivity in adolescents with MDD (n=12) and healthy adolescents (n=14). Seed-based connectivity analysis revealed that adolescents with MDD have decreased functional connectivity in a subgenual ACC-based neural network that includes the supragenual ACC (BA 32), the right medial frontal cortex (BA 10), the left inferior (BA 47) and superior frontal cortex (BA 22), superior temporal gyrus (BA 22), and the insular cortex (BA 13). These preliminary data suggest that MDD in adolescence is associated with abnormal connectivity within neural circuits that mediate emotion processing. Future research in larger, un-medicated samples will be necessary to confirm this finding. We conclude that hypothesis-driven, seed-based analyses of resting state fMRI data hold promise for advancing our current understanding of abnormal development of neural circuitry in adolescents with MDD.
Cullen
Kathryn R
KR
University of Minnesota Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Minneapolis, MN, United States. rega0026@umn.edu
Gee
Dylan G
DG
Klimes-Dougan
Bonnie
B
Gabbay
Vilma
V
Hulvershorn
Leslie
L
Mueller
Bryon A
BA
Camchong
Jazmin
J
Bell
Christopher J
CJ
Houri
Alaa
A
Kumra
Sanjiv
S
Lim
Kelvin O
KO
Castellanos
F Xavier
FX
Milham
Michael P
MP
D000293:Adolescent; D000679:Amygdala / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult