title: Loop 3 of short neurotoxin II is an additional interaction site with membrane-bound nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as detected by solid-state NMR spectroscopy.
abstract: The contact area of neurotoxin II from Naja naja oxiana when interacting with the membrane-bound nicotinic acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo californica was determined by solid-state, magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. For this purpose, the carbon signals for more than 90% of the residues of the bound neurotoxin were assigned. Differences between the solution and solid-state chemical shifts of the free and bound form of the toxin are confined to distinct surface regions. Loop II of the short toxin was identified as the main interaction site. In addition, loop III of neurotoxin II shows several strong responses defining an additional interaction site. A comparison with the structures of alpha-cobratoxin bound to the acetylcholine-binding protein from snail species Lymnaea stagnalis and Aplysia californica, and of alpha-bungarotoxin bound to an extracellular domain of an alpha-subunit of the receptor reveals different contact areas for long and short alpha-neurotoxins.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Ludwig
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krabben
authors.forename: Barth-Jan
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: van Rossum
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jehle
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bocharov
authors.forename: Ekaterina N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Lyukmanova
authors.forename: Alexey A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Schulga
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arseniev
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hucho
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oschkinat
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D003039:Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008566:Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008978:Mollusk Venoms / Q000737:chemistry; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D014101:Torpedo
chemical_list: D003039:Cobra Neurotoxin Proteins; D008978:Mollusk Venoms; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; C076649:neurotoxin II, Naja naja oxiana