title: A rare case of late right ventricular perforation by a passive-fixation permanent pacemaker lead.
abstract: The present paper is an interesting and rare complication of implantation of a permanent pacemaker lead. The rarity of the case is based upon that ventricular perforation is usually present during implantation, whereas in our case, it was presented late--1 month after implantation. Furthermore, in our case, the pacemaker lead had migrated through the left hemidiaphragm into the peritoneal cavity.
authors.affiliation: University Cardiology Department, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Voulgaroktonou 23, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece. dtziakas@med.duth.gr
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tziakas
authors.forename: Apostolos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alexoudis
authors.forename: Fotios
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Konstantinou
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chalikias
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stakos
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bougioukas
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*