title: Resilience among children exposed to domestic violence: the role of risk and protective factors.
abstract: Individual and family characteristics that predict resilience among children exposed to domestic violence (DV) were examined. Mother-child dyads (n = 190) were assessed when the children were 2, 3, and 4 years of age. DV-exposed children were 3.7 times more likely than nonexposed children to develop internalizing or externalizing problems. However, 54% of DV-exposed children maintained positive adaptation and were characterized by easy temperament (odds ratio [OR] = .39, d = .52) and nondepressed mothers (OR = 1.14, d = .07), as compared to their nonresilient counterparts. Chronic DV was associated with maternal depression, difficult child temperament, and internalizing or externalizing symptoms. Results underscore heterogeneous outcomes among DV-exposed children and the influence of individual and family characteristics on children's adaptation.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Psychology, Michigan State University, Psychology Building, East Lansing, MI, USA. marti933@msu.edu
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinez-Torteya
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anne Bogat
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Eye
authors.forename: Alytia A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Levendosky
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000523:psychology*; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D013694:Temperament