title: Estimation of benchmark rice cadmium doses as threshold values for abnormal urinary findings with adjustment for consumption of Jinzu River water.
abstract: We performed this study to determine whether both eating cadmium (Cd)-polluted rice and drinking and/or cooking with Jinzu River water are associated with renal tubular dysfunction. A multiple logistic regression analysis of retrospective data indicated that both factors may contribute to this condition. Estimated threshold values of rice Cd concentration in men were 0.13-0.27 ppm and 0.09-0.18 ppm in women, without adjustment for use of Jinzu River water. The additional influence of drinking and/or cooking with Jinzu River water was estimated to be about 0.008 ppm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine (A2), Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuohku, Chiba, Japan. nqi27069@nifty.com
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suwazono
authors.forename: Mirei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dochi
authors.forename: Ryumon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kido
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002104:Cadmium / Q000592:standards* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D008875:Middle Aged; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000592:standards* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000652:urine; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium