title: Advantages of group treatment and structured exercise in promoting short-term weight loss and cardiovascular risk reduction in adults with central obesity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous data suggest that group obesity treatment results in greater weight loss than individual treatment. Whether exercise with calorie restriction results in significantly greater weight loss as compared with calorie restriction alone remains unclear. We evaluated the impact of self-selected group intervention, with and without exercise, on body mass index (BMI) and cardiovascular risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obese adults (n = 86) underwent laboratory studies, were prescribed a low-calorie diet and moderate intensity exercise, and participated in group behavior modification sessions based on preference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 20 weeks, greater weight loss was noted among those in group versus individual treatment, with losses of 13% versus 10.6% (P = 0.05), respectively. Participants reporting regular exercise had greater weight loss compared to those who remained sedentary, with losses of 15.9% versus 9.2% (P = 0.03), respectively. Both group treatment and exercise were associated with improvement in a greater number of cardiovascular risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of participant preference, both group obesity treatment and exercise are associated with greater weight loss and improvement in more cardiovascular risk factors than an individual intervention and no exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Divisions of Cardiology, Nutrition, and Preventive Medicine, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan 48073-1026, USA. wmiller@beaumont.edu
authors.forename: Wendy M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Barry A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: Katherine E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Nori Janosz
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vial
authors.forename: Roseanne
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaitner
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McCullough
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008055:Lipids; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human