title: Tri-color upconversion luminescence of Rare earth doped BaTiO3 nanocrystals and lowered color separation.
abstract: Upconversion tri-color luminescence of Er(3+)/Tm(3+)/Yb(3+) doped BaTiO3 nanocrystals is observed under the excitation of a 980 nm laser diode. Especially, Er(3+) emission has a considerable contribution to the blue portion of the UC spectra, different from the ever-reported results, in which blue emission originates only from Tm(3+). This realization is beneficial to lower the color separation between blue and green (or red) emissions, in fluorescent labeling. The analysis of excitation power dependence and decay time revealed that blue emission of Er(3+) ion is induced by a dual energy transfer upconversion, while Tm(3+) plays a role of both emitter and activator.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Modern Physics, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China.
authors.forename: Yunxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wojciech A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Pisarski
authors.forename: Songjun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Changfu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Qibin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D017609:Barium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D003116:Color; D003124:Colorimetry / Q000295:instrumentation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003460:Crystallization; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008674:Metals, Rare Earth / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017609:Barium Compounds; D008674:Metals, Rare Earth; C024547:barium titanate(IV); D014025:Titanium