title: Rabies transmitted by vampire bats to humans: an emerging zoonotic disease in Latin America?
abstract: Human rabies transmitted by vampire bats reached new heights in Latin America in 2005. A total of 55 human cases were reported in several outbreaks, 41 of them in the Amazon region of Brazil. Peru and Brazil had the highest number of reported cases from 1975 to 2006. In Peru, outbreaks involving more than 20 cases of bat-transmitted human rabies were reported during the 1980s and 1990s. During this period, a smaller number of cases were reported from outbreaks in Brazil. A comparison of data from field studies conducted in Brazil in 2005 with those from the previous decade suggests similar bat-bite situations at the local level. The objective of this study was to review the epidemiological situation and, on the basis of this information, discuss possible factors associated with the outbreaks. Prevention and control measures already recommended for dealing with this problem are also reviewed, and some further suggestions are provided.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Washington, DC 20037-2895, United States of America. schneidc@paho.org
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Phyllis Catharina
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Romijn
authors.forename: Wilson
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Uieda
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamayo
authors.forename: Daniela Fernandes
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Albino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belotto
authors.forename: Jarbas Barbosa
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Luis Fernando
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Leanes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002685:Chiroptera; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D011818:Rabies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology*