title: Distinguishing between primary infection and reinfection with rubella vaccine virus by IgG avidity assay in pregnant women.
abstract: During the mass measles/rubella vaccination campaign in 2003 in Iran, many pregnant women were vaccinated mistakenly or became pregnant within 1 month of vaccination. To distinguish pregnant women who were affected by rubella vaccine as primary infection from those who had rubella reinfection from the vaccine, serum samples were collected 1-3 months after the campaign from 812 pregnant women. IgG avidity assay showed that 0.3% of the women had no rubella-specific IgG response; 14.4% had low-avidity anti-rubella IgG and were therefore not immune to rubella before vaccination; 85.3% had high-avidity anti-rubella IgG and were regarded as cases of reinfection.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. rhamkar@sina.tums.ac.ir
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hamkar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jalilvand
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Abdolbaghi
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Jelyani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esteghamati
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagh-goo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mohktari-Azad
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nategh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D000915:Antibody Affinity / Q000276:immunology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D032541:Mass Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D012409:Rubella / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D012411:Rubella Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D012412:Rubella virus / Q000276:immunology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D012411:Rubella Vaccine