title: High-throughput spectroscopic imaging applied to permeation through the skin.
abstract: Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has been successfully applied to study the permeation of substances through human skin in a high-throughput manner. The sample of skin was placed on the measuring surface of an attenuated total reflection (ATR) crystal and was divided into several areas. These areas were separated using a specially designed grid created on the surface of the skin and each area was subjected to a different combination of permeant and enhancer. ATR Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) imaging was applied to measure the permeation of 12 liquid samples through a piece of skin smaller than 5 cm(2). This work demonstrated that, using the ATR-FT-IR imaging method, it is possible to measure and directly compare the transdermal processes of several permeants under identical conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK.
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Andanson
authors.forename: K L Andrew
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Sergei G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kazarian
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations