title: Anatomy and ultrasonography of the normal kidney in brown lemurs: Eulemur fulvus.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to describe the anatomy and obtain echographic measurements of normal kidneys in brown lemurs (Eulemur fulvus). The anatomical findings show that brown lemur kidneys are comparable to those of rats except for an elongated papilla. The kidneys of 16 (7 females and 9 males) lemurs were examined with two-dimensional and power Doppler ultrasonography under general anesthesia. Morphometrically, the left and right kidney surface areas are comparable (3.29 and 3.51 cm(2)). Kidney area has a significant linear correlation with body weight. Echo-Doppler findings show that the mean renal arterial blood flow speeds for the left and right kidneys are comparable (0.70 and 0.73 m/s). However, flow speed is higher in the male (0.79 m/s) than in the female (0.60 m/s). The renal arterial diameters are between 1.0 and 1.8 mm. The fact that anesthesia can have hemodynamic effects on renal vasculature should be taken into consideration when assessing these echographic results.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Enseignement de Sciences et de Médecine Vétérinaires, Faculté de Médecine, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
authors.forename: Fidiniaina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raharison
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mogicato
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sautet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D007900:Lemur / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000502:physiology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary