title: Medical and psychosocial predictors of caregiver distress and perceived burden following traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether caregivers' medical and psychiatric histories, coping style, and social support predict global distress and perceived burden.
  
  
  METHODS
  Correlational, cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 114 caregivers of persons with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, assessed 1 year postinjury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ratings of caregivers' medical and psychiatric history; Disability Rating Scale; Ways of Coping Questionnaire; Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; Brief Symptom Inventory; and Modified Caregiver Appraisal Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Caregivers' medical and psychiatric histories predicted global distress, after accounting for education, sex, income, and relationship, as well as disability of the person with injury. Increased use of escape-avoidance as a coping strategy was related to increased distress. Perceived burden was predicted by disability in the person with injury, use of escape-avoidance, and perceived social support.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Caregivers' preinjury functioning is more predictive of global distress, whereas the functioning of the person with injury is more predictive of injury-related burden. Caregivers' medical and psychiatric histories are important considerations when targeting interventions; global stress management strategies may be as important as assisting with injury-related issues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, TIRR Memorial Hermann, Houston, Texas 77019, USA. lynne.davis@memorialhermann.org
authors.forename: Lynne C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Angelle M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Struchen
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sherer
authors.forename: Risa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakase-Richardson
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Malec
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012944:Social Support; D055815:Young Adult