title: Differences in the immune response to hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines in Guatemalan infants by ethnic group and nutritional status.
abstract: Ladino and native Indian Guatemalan infants developed high rates (96-100%) of protective antibodies after receiving conjugate Haemophilus influenzae type b and hepatitis B vaccines at 2, 4 and 6 months of age. Native Indian infants developed significantly (p<0.01) higher geometric mean anti-PRP (polyribose-ribitol-phosphate) and anti-HBs (anti-hepatitis b surface) antibody concentrations than Ladino infants. Malnourished infants generally responded as well as healthy infants. Unvaccinated native Indian infants had higher rates of developing anti-PRP antibodies than Ladino infants by seven months of age.
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States. easturia@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: Edwin J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Asturias
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mayorga
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caffaro
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: Malathi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Verstraeten
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clemens
authors.forename: Neal A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Halsey
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D016667:Bacterial Capsules / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006166:Guatemala / Q000208:ethnology; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; C044237:Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines