title: A conserved motif of vertebrate Y RNAs essential for chromosomal DNA replication.
abstract: Noncoding Y RNAs are required for the reconstitution of chromosomal DNA replication in late G1 phase template nuclei in a human cell-free system. Y RNA genes are present in all vertebrates and in some isolated nonvertebrates, but the conservation of Y RNA function and key determinants for its function are unknown. Here, we identify a determinant of Y RNA function in DNA replication, which is conserved throughout vertebrate evolution. Vertebrate Y RNAs are able to reconstitute chromosomal DNA replication in the human cell-free DNA replication system, but nonvertebrate Y RNAs are not. A conserved nucleotide sequence motif in the double-stranded stem of vertebrate Y RNAs correlates with Y RNA function. A functional screen of human Y1 RNA mutants identified this conserved motif as an essential determinant for reconstituting DNA replication in vitro. Double-stranded RNA oligonucleotides comprising this RNA motif are sufficient to reconstitute DNA replication, but corresponding DNA or random sequence RNA oligonucleotides are not. In intact cells, wild-type hY1 or the conserved RNA duplex can rescue an inhibition of DNA replication after RNA interference against hY3 RNA. Therefore, we have identified a new RNA motif that is conserved in vertebrate Y RNA evolution, and essential and sufficient for Y RNA function in human chromosomal DNA replication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB23EJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Gardiner
authors.forename: Christo P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Christov
authors.forename: Alexander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Langley
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krude
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics; D002474:Cell-Free System; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D019295:Computational Biology; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics*; D034301:Deinococcus / Q000235:genetics; D016193:G1 Phase; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000235:genetics*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000235:genetics*; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014714:Vertebrates / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009841:Oligonucleotides; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D022661:RNA, Untranslated