Association between metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney  disease in the Korean population.
OBJECTIVE
We performed a retrospective study to examine the association between the metabolic syndrome (MS)and risk for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD).


METHODS
This cohort study included 60 921 healthy adults recruited from two health promotion centres.Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, fasting glucose, lipid profile and serum creatinine were evaluated. The glomerular filtration rate was estimated (eGFR) using the abbreviated equation developed by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. CKD was defined as an eGFR of <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 or the presence of proteinuria.


RESULTS
The prevalence of MS and CKD was 19.0% and 7.2% respectively. Those with MS had a higher prevalence of CKD (11.0% vs 6.3%, P < 0.001) than those without MS. As the number of MS components increased, the prevalence of CKD increased and the eGFR decreased. The multiple linear analyses showed that each of the components of the MS was negatively correlated with the eGFR. Unadjusted and multivariate adjusted associations were identified between MS and CKD. Individuals with MS had a multivariate adjusted odds ratio of 1.680 (95% confidence interval, 0.566-1.801) for CKD compared with those without MS.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings, which were obtained from a large Korean cohort, suggest that MS was associated with CKD.
Chang
In Ho
IH
Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Han
June Hyun
JH
Myung
Soon Chul
SC
Kwak
Kyung Won
KW
Kim
Tae-Hyoung
TH
Park
Sang Wook
SW
Choi
Nak Young
NY
Chung
Woo Hyun
WH
Ahn
Seung Hyun
SH
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides