Theory synthesis for self-neglect: a health and social phenomenon.
BACKGROUND
Self-neglect, best known for its prominent place in the elder mistreatment framework, is a phenomenon associated with a variety of health and social conditions. However, a second, less worrisome group of older adults with chronic disease exhibits similar patterns of nonadherence and inadequate self-care practices and has the potential for progression.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this theory-validating research was to describe characteristics and behaviors of self-neglect in adults (aged 55 years and older) who reside in the community. This research described characteristics and behaviors of self-neglect in early stages of this phenomenon and described the influence of several variables of significance in the clinical evolution and course of self-neglect in identified cases.


METHODS
A descriptive, exploratory mixed-method design was employed for a comprehensive analysis of the research questions. A convenience sample of seven healthcare providers identified a purposive sample of 20 patient participants. Demographic information, geriatric assessments, and structured interview data were analyzed using content analysis and descriptive statistics.


RESULTS
Characteristics and behaviors of self-neglect, before significant deterioration, are described in intentional (n = 9) and nonintentional (n = 11) self-neglect study participants. Fourteen themes emerged and were grouped into five categories. Coping problems appeared to affect operable self-care agency of each self-neglect study participant.


CONCLUSIONS
The results validate a framework for self-neglect research and practice and indicate a need to consider coping abilities of all patients exhibiting self-neglect.
Gibbons
Susanne W
SW
Graduate School of Nursing, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. Susannegibbons@verizon.net
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000379:methods; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009742:Nursing Theory; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D011582:Psychological Theory; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology*; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires