title: Electro-acupuncture versus sham electro-acupuncture for auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of electro-acupuncture with that of sham electro-acupuncture for auditory hallucinations in patients with schizophrenia partially responsive or non-responsive to risperidone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient- and assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital-based practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations who are partially responsive or non-responsive to risperidone monotherapy (n = 60).
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients were randomly allocated to a real electro-acupuncture group or a sham electro-acupuncture group and treated for 30 sessions within six weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome measure was the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales Auditory Hallucination Subscale. Secondary outcomes included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and side-effects. A clinical response was defined as >20% reduction score (from baseline) on the total score of the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales Auditory Hallucination Subscale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty patients were selected for randomized real electro-acupuncture treatment (n = 30) or sham electro-acupuncture treatment (n = 30). Patients in the real electro-acupuncture group experienced greater improvement in the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales Auditory Hallucination Subscale total score, physical characteristics factor score and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale positive symptom score than the sham electro-acupuncture group at both week 4 and week 6. The clinical response rates in the real electro-acupuncture group and sham electro-acupuncture group were 43.3% (n = 30) and 13.3% (n = 30), respectively (chi(2) = 6.648, P =0.027). There was no significance between-group difference in side-effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Electro-acupuncture might provide improvement in auditory hallucinations and positive symptom for patients with schizophrenia partially responsive or non-responsive to risperidone monotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
authors.lastname: Jing Cheng
authors.lastname: Gaohua Wang
authors.lastname: Ling Xiao
authors.lastname: Huiling Wang
authors.lastname: Xiaoping Wang
authors.lastname: Chengyan Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D015671:Electroacupuncture; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010919:Placebos / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D018967:Risperidone / Q000494:pharmacology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010919:Placebos; D018967:Risperidone