title: [Antioxidative and cytotoxic properties of diarylheptanoids isolated from Zingiber officinale].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of five diarylheptanoids (1-5) isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale.
  
  
  METHODS
  Various models such as scavenging superoxide anions and 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, as well as protecting of rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were employed to assay the antioxidative effects of the diarylheptanoids. The cytotoxicities of compounds 1-5 were measured with MTT assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The test compounds (1-5) showed promising DPPH inhibitory activities, and compound 5 exhibited the strongest DPPH scavenging activity with an IC50 value of (22.6+/-2.4) micromol x L(-1). Compounds 1, 3 and 4 showed potential anti-peroxidative effects with inhibitory rates of (66.3+/-15.4)%, (68.7+/-15.8)% and (72.2+/-10.6)%, respectively, at 100 microg x mL(-1). It could be observed that compounds 1, 3 and 4 demonstrated significant neuroprotective activities in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, compound 3 exhibited certain cytotoxicities against human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (K562) and its adriamycin-resistant cells (K562/ADR) with IC50 values of (34.9+/-0.6), (50.6+/-23.5) micromol x L(-1), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro results demonstrated that five diarylheptanoids (1-5) isolated from the roots of Z. officinale were capable of scavenging radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and protecting PC12 cells against the insult by H2O2. Additionally, compound 3 could inhibit the growth of K562 and K562/ADR cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325035, China.
authors.forename: Leixiang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Changxin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Kexin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Liyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Qunxiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Rongmin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Rongping
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yihang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Christopher H K
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiaokun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D036381:Diarylheptanoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D020014:K562 Cells; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003603:Cytotoxins; D036381:Diarylheptanoids; D005609:Free Radicals; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide