CD4+ T cells provide protection against acute lethal encephalitis caused by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.
Studying the mechanisms of host survival resulting from viral encephalitis is critical to the development of vaccines. Here we have shown in several independent studies that high dose treatment with neutralizing antibody prior to intranasal infection with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus had an antiviral effect in the visceral organs and prolonged survival time of infected mice, even in the absence of alphabeta T cells. Nevertheless, antibody treatment did not prevent the development of lethal encephalitis. On the contrary, the adoptive transfer of primed CD4(+) T cells was necessary to prevent lethal encephalitis in mice lacking alphabeta T cell receptor.
Yun
Nadezhda E
NE
Department of Pathology, Galveston National Laboratory and Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, United States.
Peng
Bi-Hung
BH
Bertke
Andrea S
AS
Borisevich
Viktoriya
V
Smith
Jennifer K
JK
Smith
Jeanon N
JN
Poussard
Allison L
AL
Salazar
Milagros
M
Judy
Barbara M
BM
Zacks
Michele A
MA
Estes
D Mark
DM
Paessler
Slobodan
S
D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004666:Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / Q000276:immunology*; D004685:Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000172:deficiency; D016019:Survival Analysis
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell