title: Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound accelerates osteoblast differentiation and promotes bone formation in an osteoporosis rat model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on cell differentiation, bone mineralized nodule formation and core-binding factor A1 (Cbfa1) expression in a normal human osteoblast (NHOst) cell line and bone formation in an osteoporosis animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  NHOst cells were cultured in vitro in medium with or without LIPUS stimulation. The ultrasound stimulation frequency was 1.0 MHz at an intensity of 30 mW/cm(2) for 20 min. Rats were divided into a sham-operated group (Sham) and an ovariectomized group (OVX). The right femur was treated with LIPUS (Sham-LIPUS and OVX-LIPUS) and the left femur was left untreated (Sham-CON and OVX-CON).
  
  
  RESULTS
  LIPUS stimulation accelerated bone nodule formation and enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity. The expression levels of Cbfa1 decreased and calcification occurred earlier and more frequently in the LIPUS than in the CON groups. The wet weight of the femur increased in OVX rats with LIPUS stimulation. Morphological images showed an increase in trabecular spongiosa in the OVX-LIPUS group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LIPUS accelerated osteogenesis. Moreover, since LIPUS prevents bone loss, it may be a promising treatment for osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuliang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Tomotaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manabe
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuge
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000628:therapy*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase