title: A single-center, dose-comparison, pilot study of botulinum neurotoxin type A in female patients with upper facial rhytids: safety and efficacy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Treating multiple upper facial rhytids at one time is common, but has not been researched extensively.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to compare the safety, efficacy, and effect duration of 3 botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA) doses in treating multiple upper facial rhytids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty women, randomized to 32, 64, or 96 U total doses, were assessed at baseline, week 2, week 4, then every 4 weeks. The primary efficacy measure was proportion of responders on the patient global assessment of improvement. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All BoNTA doses were effective and safe. Significant between-group differences occurred in the percentage of responders (96 U: 71%, 64 U: 61%, 32 U: 26%; P = .0007). Adverse events did not differ significantly among groups; no serious treatment-related adverse events occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BoNTA doses were fixed and not tailored to individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm the efficacy and safety of 3 doses of BoNTA for treating upper facial rhytids in female patients; higher doses afforded greater benefit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, University of British Columbia, 943 W Broadway, Suite 820, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4E1, Canada. alastair@carruthers.net
authors.forename: Alastair
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carruthers
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carruthers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A