STIM and Orai: dynamic intermembrane coupling to control cellular calcium signals.
Ca(2+) signals controlling a vast array of cell functions involve both Ca(2+) store release and external Ca(2+) entry. These two events are coordinated through a dynamic intermembrane coupling between two distinct membrane proteins, STIM and Orai. STIM proteins are endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal Ca(2+) sensors that undergo a profound redistribution into discrete junctional ER domains closely juxtaposed with the plasma membrane (PM). Orai proteins are PM Ca(2+) channels that migrate and become tethered by STIM within the ER-PM junctions, where they mediate exceedingly selective Ca(2+) entry. We describe a new understanding of the nature of the proteins and how they function to mediate this remarkable intermembrane signaling process controlling Ca(2+) signals.
Deng
Xiaoxiang
X
Department of Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA.
Wang
Youjun
Y
Zhou
Yandong
Y
Soboloff
Jonathan
J
Gill
Donald L
DL
D000818:Animals; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
D015220:Calcium Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000071740:ORAI1 Protein; C510746:ORAI1 protein, human; C103530:STIM1 protein, human; D000071737:Stromal Interaction Molecule 1