title: Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil obtained from roots and chemical composition of the volatile constituents from the roots, stems, and leaves of Ballota nigra from Serbia.
abstract: The chemical composition of essential oils obtained from the roots, stems, and leaves of Ballota nigra, growing in Serbia, was investigated by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses. Kovats indices, mass spectra, and standard compounds were used to identify a total of 115 individual compounds. The plant produces two types of essential oils. Oils derived from stems and leaves were sesquiterpene rich (78.17% and 88.40%, respectively), containing principally beta-caryophyllene, germacrene D, and alpha-humulene, present in appreciable amounts. In contrast, oil derived from the root was dominated by p-vinylguiacol (9.24%), borneol (7.51%), myrtenol (7.13%), trans-pinocarveol (5.22%), pinocarvone (4.37%), 2-methyl-3-phenylpropanal (4.32%), and p-cymen-8-ol (4.30%). Essential oil obtained from the roots was evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against seven bacterial species and one fungi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia. nvukovic@kg.ac.yu
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vukovic
authors.forename: Slobodan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sukdolak
authors.forename: Slavica
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solujic
authors.forename: Neda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Niciforovic
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031329:Ballota / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D018547:Plant Stems; D055771:Serbia; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D012717:Sesquiterpenes