title: Comparative evaluation of hepatitis B surface antigen-loaded elastic liposomes and ethosomes for human dendritic cell uptake and immune response.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate two vesicular carrier systems, ethosomes and elastic liposomes loaded with hepatitis B surface antigen, for in vitro qualitative and quantitative uptake by human dendritic cells (DCs) and ability to stimulate T lymphocytes. Quantitative uptake of antigen-loaded carriers was documented by flow cytometry, and internalization of the systems by the DCs was studied using spectral bioimaging. Ability of antigen-pulsed DCs to stimulate autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes and levels of TH1/TH2 cytokines were also examined using flow cytometry. Both vesicular carrier systems as antigen delivery modules and DCs as antigen-presenting cells were able to generate a protective immune response. However, ethosomes were found to have higher internalizing ability and immunogenicity in comparison with elastic liposomes. These properties of ethosomes coupled with their skin-navigating potential, make it an attractive vehicle for development of a transcutaneous vaccine against hepatitis B in preference to elastic liposomes.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Two carrier systems for more potent vaccine administration - ethosomes and elastic liposomes loaded with hepatitis B surface antigen - are compared. Ethosomes demonstrated higher internalizing ability and immunogenicity. Due to their known skin-navigating potential, ethosomes may represent an attractive vehicle for development of a transcutaneous vaccine against hepatitis B.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Sagar, India. dineshdops@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Pradyumna Kumar
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dabadghao
authors.forename: Vaibhav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nahar
authors.forename: Narendra K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Jain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004548:Elasticity; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / Q000378:metabolism; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D009336:Necrosis; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000378:metabolism; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D007211:Indoles; D008081:Liposomes; D012235:Rhodamines; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; C007293:DAPI; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate