title: Fractionated irradiation induced radio-resistant esophageal cancer EC109 cells seem to be more sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chemo-radiotherapy, a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, is the most frequent treatment for patients with esophageal cancer. In the process of radiotherapy, the radiosensitive cancer will become a radio-resistant one.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to detect the chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity in radio-resistant cancer cells and improve the therapy efficiency, we firstly established a radio-resistant esophageal cancer cell model (referred to as EC109/R) from the human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell line EC109 through fractionated irradiation using X-rays. The radio-sensitivity of EC109/R cells was measured by clonogenic assay. To detect the drug sensitivity for EC109/R compared to its parent cells, we employed MTT method to screen the effectiveness of five different drugs commonly used in clinical therapy. The ratio of apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EC109/R cells were more sensitive to 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, paclitaxel and etoposide, but tolerant to cisplatin compared to its original cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study implies that fractionated irradiation induced radio-resistant esophageal cancer cell is more sensitive to certain kind of chemotherapeutic drugs. It provides evidence for choosing the sequence of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital, 440 Ji-Yan Road, Jinan, Shandong Province 250117, PR China. l_xie2001@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Xianrang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jinming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Bao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Xingwu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Liyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lv
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil