title: Black ant stings caused by Pachycondyla sennaarensis: a significant health hazard.
abstract: Several species of ants cause stings, but not all lead to allergic reactions. We present a series of cases of allergic reactions following insect bites or stings that presented to our emergency department and that were caused by the black samsum ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis). Reactions ranged from mild allergic reactions to severe anaphylactic shock. Patients were treated with subcutaneous epinephrine 0.3 mg, intravenous methylprednisolone 125 mg, intravenous diphenhydramine HCl 50 mg, and intravenous normal saline as appropriate. These cases illustrate the range of clinical presentations to black ant stings, which can include severe reactions, indicating that ant stings are a significant public health hazard in Saudi Arabia. Physicians in the Middle East and Asia need to be aware of ant stings as a cause of severe allergic reactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City-National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. emerg1@ngha.med.sa
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alsharani
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alashahrani
authors.forename: Marzouqah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alanazi
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alsalamah
mesh_terms: D000322:Adrenergic Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001000:Ants; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000322:Adrenergic Agonists; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D004155:Diphenhydramine; D008775:Methylprednisolone; D004837:Epinephrine