title: XRCC2 and XRCC3 regulate the balance between short- and long-tract gene conversions between sister chromatids.
abstract: Sister chromatid recombination (SCR) is a potentially error-free pathway for the repair of DNA lesions associated with replication and is thought to be important for suppressing genomic instability. The mechanisms regulating the initiation and termination of SCR in mammalian cells are poorly understood. Previous work has implicated all the Rad51 paralogs in the initiation of gene conversion and the Rad51C/XRCC3 complex in its termination. Here, we show that hamster cells deficient in the Rad51 paralog XRCC2, a component of the Rad51B/Rad51C/Rad51D/XRCC2 complex, reveal a bias in favor of long-tract gene conversion (LTGC) during SCR. This defect is corrected by expression of wild-type XRCC2 and also by XRCC2 mutants defective in ATP binding and hydrolysis. In contrast, XRCC3-mediated homologous recombination and suppression of LTGC are dependent on ATP binding and hydrolysis. These results reveal an unexpectedly general role for Rad51 paralogs in the control of the termination of gene conversion between sister chromatids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Ganesh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nagaraju
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hartlerode
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.forename: Gurushankar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chandramouly
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scully
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016466:CHO Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D002842:Chromatids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005785:Gene Conversion; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D009154:Mutation; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C110901:X-ray repair cross complementing protein 3; C113187:XRCC2 protein, human; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase