In vivo comparison of hard tissue regeneration with human mesenchymal stem cells processed with either the FICOLL method or the BMAC method.
OBJECTIVE
To compare new bone formation in maxillary sinus augmentation procedures using biomaterial associated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) separated by two different isolation methods.


BACKGROUND
In regenerative medicine open cell concentration systems are only allowed for clinical application under good manufacturing practice conditions.


METHODS
Mononuclear cells, including MSCs, were concentrated with either the synthetic polysaccharide (FICOLL) method (classic open system--control group, n = 6 sinus) or the bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) method (closed system--test group, n = 12 sinus) and transplanted in combination with biomaterial. A sample of the cells was characterized by their ability to differentiate. After 4.1 months (SD +/- 1.0) bone biopsies were obtained and analyzed.


RESULTS
The new bone formation in the BMAC group was 19.9% (90% confidence interval [CI], 10.9-29), and in the FICOLL group was 15.5% (90% CI, 8.6-22.4). The 4.4% difference was not significant (90% CI, -4.6-13.5; p = 0.39). MSCs could be differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages.


CONCLUSIONS
MSCs harvested from bone marrow aspirate in combination with bovine bone matrix particles can form lamellar bone and provide a reliable base for dental implants. The closed BMAC system is suited to substitute the open FICOLL system in bone regeneration procedures.
Sauerbier
Sebastian
S
Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. sebastian.sauerbier@uniklinik-freiburg.de
Stricker
Andres
A
Kuschnierz
Jens
J
Bühler
Felicia
F
Oshima
Toshiyuki
T
Xavier
Samuel Porfirio
SP
Schmelzeisen
Rainer
R
Gutwald
Ralf
R
D000368:Aged; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D003757:Dental Implantation / Q000379:methods; D005362:Ficoll / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D019931:Maxillofacial Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D014070:Tooth / Q000502:physiology
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002457:Cell Extracts; D005362:Ficoll