title: Chest compression-only cardiocerebral resuscitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by bystanders with chest compressions and mouth-to-mouth ventilation has been documented to save life. Nevertheless, despite four decades of promulgation, it is a serious problem that the majority of bystanders are unwilling or unable to perform conventional CPR. I review the efficacy of chest compression-only cardiocerebral resuscitation (CCR) for all adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent observational studies showed that chest compression-only CCR by bystanders was equivalent or superior to conventional CPR in adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in terms of neurological benefits. In 2008, the American Heart Association Emergency Cardiovascular Care committee recommended that bystanders who witness a sudden collapse in an adult should give chest compressions without ventilations (chest compression-only CCR; hands-only CPR). Furthermore, an observational study showed that chest compression-only CCR by emergency medical services personnel was a preferable approach to advanced cardiovascular life support for adult patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To save more lives, I hope that compression-only CCR by citizen is generally, known, recommended, and taught to the public, because chest compression-only CCR by citizen is the preferable approach to basic life support for adult victims with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, Surugadai Nihon University Hospital 1-8-13, Nihon University School of Medicine, Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8309, Japan. kennagao@med.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagao
mesh_terms: D032761:Animal Experimentation; D035843:Biomedical Research; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D035641:Chest Wall Oscillation / Q000592:standards; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008020:Life Support Care; D016896:Treatment Outcome