title: Integrated microfluidic immunoassay for the rapid determination of clenbuterol.
abstract: An integrated microfluidic immunoassay system was established for high throughput analysis of clenbuterol. This system consisted of an integrated microchip and a linear confocal laser induced fluorescence (LIF) scanner. The microchip was composed of three layers: a fluidic channel layer, a PDMS membrane layer and a pneumatic control layer. The multi-layer chip was integrated with 36 pneumatic micro-valves and multiple micro-pumps to realize the flexible reagent delivery, facilitating the automatic assays with less consumption of samples and reduced analysis time. The homemade LIF scanner was able to simultaneously detect multi-channels and provide the potential capability of high throughput assays. The performance of the system was demonstrated by the determination of clenbuterol, one of the most widely used beta-agonists. Under the optimal conditions, the linear range and the limit of detection of clenbuterol were 0 approximately 5.0 ng mL(-1) and 0.088 ng mL(-1), respectively. The recovery rates determined with pig urine samples of 1.0 ng mL(-1) and 2.0 ng mL(-1) were 98.74% and 102.51% (n = 3), respectively. The total detection time was less than 30 min. The system had the potential application for rapid detection of multiple beta-agonists in clinical, pharmaceutical and chemical analyses.
authors.affiliation: Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiaoou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yuguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Bingcheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine; D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D002976:Clenbuterol / Q000032:analysis* / Q000652:urine; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000737:chemistry; D016014:Linear Models; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C013830:baysilon; D002976:Clenbuterol