title: Lamina propria cellularity and collagen composition: an integrated assessment of structure in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we quantitatively examined cell density, collagen types I and III, and regional variations in collagen fiber thickness and orientation in the human midmembranous vocal fold lamina propria (LP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Lamina propria samples were solubilized with proteinase K or with cyanogen bromide. Cell density was assessed in proteinase K digests by measuring DNA and normalizing it to tissue total protein. Collagen types I and III were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based detection of collagen type-specific peptides generated by cyanogen bromide digestion. In addition, LP total collagen was determined by measuring sample hydroxyproline levels. Variations in collagen fiber thickness and orientation with LP region were evaluated by examining picrosirius red-stained LP sections with circularly polarized light.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (+/-SEM) cell density in the LP and associated epithelium was approximately 0.57 +/- 0.09 million cells per milligram of tissue total protein. Collagen type III composed an average of 34% to 40% of LP total collagen. Quantitative histology indicated that the superficial LP contained an average of 70% thin, 26% intermediate, and 4% thick collagen fibers. This is in contrast to the intermediate and deep LPs, each of which contained less than 25% thin and more than 50% thick collagen fibers. The angular deviations in collagen fiber orientation were relatively large and were similar in magnitude across all LP layers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The total cell density of the LP and associated epithelium was intermediate between that of hyaline cartilage and dermis. The ratio of collagen type III to total collagen in the LP was similar to that of highly elastic lung parenchyma and roughly twice that of the comparatively less-elastic dermis. The average thickness of collagen fibers increased markedly with increasing LP depth, and the relatively large angular deviations in fiber orientation appeared to correspond in part to the crimped nature of LP collagen fibers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3122, USA.
authors.forename: Dany
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Pinto
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Whittaker
authors.forename: Mariah S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002452:Cell Count; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III; D006909:Hydroxyproline