title: Comparing the effects of exercise program and low-level laser therapy with exercise program and polarized polychromatic non-coherent light (bioptron light) on the treatment of lateral elbow tendinopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and polarized polychromatic non-coherent light as supplements to an exercise program has been recommended for the management of lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether an exercise program supplemented with LLLT is more successful than an exercise program supplemented with polarized polychromatic non-coherent light in treating LET.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with unilateral LET for at least 4 wk were sequentially allocated to receive either an exercise program with LLLT or an exercise program with polarized polychromatic non-coherent light. The exercise program consisted of eccentric and static stretching exercises of wrist extensors. In the LLLT group a 904-nm Ga-As laser was used in continuous mode, and the power density was 130 mW/cm(2), and the dose was 0.585 J/point. In the group receiving polarized polychromatic non-coherent light the Bioptron 2 was used to administer the dose perpendicularly to the lateral epicondyle at three points at an operating distance of 5-10 cm for 6 min at each position. The outcome measures were pain and function and were evaluated at baseline, at the end of the treatment (week 4), and 3 mo after the end of treatment (week 16).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty patients met the inclusion criteria. At the end of treatment there was a decline in pain and a rise in function in both groups compared with baseline (p < 0.0005 on the paired t-test). There were no significant differences in the reduction of pain and the improvement of function between the groups at the end of treatment and at the 3-mo follow-up (p > 0.0005 on the independent t-test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the combination of an exercise program with LLLT or polarized polychromatic non-coherent light is an adequate treatment for patients with LET. Further research to establish the relative and absolute effectiveness of such a treatment approach is needed.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Centre, Athens, Greece. d_stasinopoulos@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stasinopoulos
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stasinopoulos
authors.forename: Manias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pantelis
authors.forename: Kalliopi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stasinopoulou
mesh_terms: D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013716:Tennis Elbow / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome