title: Class III beta-tubulin, but not ERCC1, is a strong predictive and prognostic marker in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent researches revealed that class III beta-tubulin (TUBB3) is a prognostic marker in various tumors and role of TUBB3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is not defined yet. We analyzed the significance of TUBB3 expression along with p53 and ERCC1 in locally advanced HNSCC patients receiving cisplatin-based induction chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of medical records at Seoul National University Hospital between 1998 and 2007 was carried out. Immunohistochemical stain of TUBB3, p53, and ERCC1 was done in paraffin-embedded tumor tissue. We assessed response to treatment, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-five patients with oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers received induction chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (n = 55), or 5-FU, cisplatin, and docetaxel (Taxotere) (n = 30). Eighty-three received definitive treatment after induction chemotherapy, where 62 received radiotherapy and 21 received surgery. TUBB3-positive patients showed lower response rate than TUBB3-negative patients (69% versus 88%, P = 0.039). Shorter median PFS was observed in TUBB3-positive group (12 versus 47 months, P = 0.001). Shorter median OS was observed in TUBB-positive group not reaching statistical significance (30 versus 59 months, P = 0.072). TUBB3 status significantly influenced CSS (35 months versus not reached, P = 0.017). Positive p53 status was related to poorer OS and CSS. ERCC1 showed no influence on chemotherapy response, PFS, OS, and CSS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TUBB3 is a predictive and prognostic marker along with well-known p53 in HNSCC patients receiving cisplatin-based induction chemotherapy. Clinical impact of ERCC1 is not evident in this setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Chongno-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: T-K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hah
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D-W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H-G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: C-S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: M-W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Heo
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014404:Tubulin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C495901:TP53 protein, human; C498585:TUBB3 protein, human; D043823:Taxoids; D014404:Tubulin; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000077143:Docetaxel; C071447:ERCC1 protein, human; D004720:Endonucleases; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil