title: Ganglion cysts of the wrist: pathophysiology, clinical picture, and management.
abstract: This article reviews what is known about ganglion cyst formation, natural history (50% of cysts will spontaneously resolve), diagnosis, and management of this common malady. Although the exact mechanism of cyst formation is unknown, most current theories hold that extra-articular mucin "droplets" coalesce to form the main body of the tumor. Only subsequently are the "cyst wall" and pedicle (connecting the cyst to a nearby synovial joint) formed. Treatment options include watchful waiting, nonoperative aspiration/injection, and surgical removal. Although treatment is often unnecessary, many patients seeking consultation desire some form of definitive treatment. Cyst aspiration/injection is fraught with a high incidence of recurrence. Surgery generally results in lower rates of recurrence, but a higher incidence of complications. All current treatment options are suboptimal.
authors.affiliation: Sports and Emergency Medicine, 600 N Robbins Rd, Boise, ID 83702, USA. wwgude@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gude
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Morelli