title: Rapamycin reduces proteinuria and renal damage in the rat remnant kidney model.
abstract: Rapamycin is an immunosuppressive drug used to prevent acute allograft rejection in solid organ transplantation. It shows less nephrotoxicity than calcineurin inhibitors. We evaluated the effect of rapamycin in rats undergoing 5/6 nephrectomy, a model of proteinuric and progressive renal failure. Fourteen days after surgery rats were randomized either to receive rapamycin or to remain untreated (control). Rats were humanely killed on day 91; serum creatinine, creatinine clearance, and proteinuria were assessed. Renal sections were stained with periodic acid-Schiff to evaluate glomerular volume (Gv), glomerulosclerosis (GS) and tubulointerstitial damage (TIS); we evaluated GS and TIS by Sirius red staining (SR). Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Rapamycin affected neither serum creatinine nor creatinine clearance; it reduced Gv (controls, 5.9 +/- 3.1 x 10(6); rapamycin, 1.3 +/- 0.7 x 10(6) microm(3)) and proteinuria (control, 349 +/- 146; rapamycin, 56 +/- 27 mg/24 h; P < .05); rapamycin ameliorated GS (control, 78 +/- 7; rapamycin, 36 +/- 7%; P < .05; SR: control, 13.2 +/- 3.5; rapamycin, 3.8 +/- 1.0%; P < .05), and TIS (control, 3.25 +/- 0.5; rapamycin, 1.0 +/- 0.1; P < .05; SR: control, 29 +/- 3; rapamycin, 11 +/- 3%; P < .05). Rapamycin reduced alphaSMA (control, 3.25 +/- 0.5; rapamycin, 1.0 +/- 0.1; P < .05), VIM (control, 3.5 +/- 0.6; rapamycin, 1.0 +/- 1.4; P < .05), and CD68(+) cells infiltration (control, 110 +/- 43; rapamycin, 24 +/- 1 cells; P < .05). Rapamycin slows the progression of renal damage in the rat remnant kidney and may represent a novel approach to the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Nephrology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy. espositociro56@live.it
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grosjean
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mangione
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Castoldi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Serpieri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arra
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pertile
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maggi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valentino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dal Canton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D051381:Rats; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D020123:Sirolimus