title: Comparison of subareolar injection lymphoscintigraphy with the 1-day and the 2-day protocols for the detection of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel node biopsy are used for the detection of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients. However, currently there is no standardized technique. For the detection of axillary lymph node metastasis by lymphoscintigraphy and sentinel node biopsy, in patients with breast cancer, we compared the results of subareolar injections administered on the day of surgery (1-day protocol) with injections administered on the day before surgery (2-day protocol).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 412 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery between 2001 and 2004. For the 1-day protocol (1 h before surgery) 0.8 ml of Tc-99m Tin-Colloid (37 MBq) was injected in 203 in the subareolar region on the morning of the surgery. For the 2-day protocol (16 h before surgery) 0.8 ml of Tc-99m Tin-Colloid (185 MBq) was injected in 209 patients on the afternoon before surgery. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed in the supine position and sentinel node identification was performed by hand-held gamma probe during surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 203 patients with the 1-day protocol, 185 cases (91.1%) were identified by sentinel node lymphoscintigraphy, and 182 cases (89.7%) were identified by gamma probe. Among the 209 patients, in the 2-day protocol, 189 cases (90.4%) had the sentinel node identified by lymphoscintigraphy, and 182 cases (87.1%) by the gamma probe. There was no significant difference in the identification rate of the sentinel node between the 1-day and 2-day protocols by lymphoscintigraphy and the gamma probe (p > 0.05, p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the identification of the sentinel node by subareolar injection according to 1-day or 2-day protocol, in breast cancer patients, showed no significant differences. Because the 2-day protocol allows for an adequate amount of time to perform the lymphoscintigraphy, it is a more useful protocol for the identification of sentinel nodes in patients with breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital, 224-1 Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, South Korea. ethmoid@hanmail.net
authors.forename: Ju Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Seok
authors.forename: In Ju
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: You Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yoo Shin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Beom Gyu
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seong Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005720:Gamma Rays; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D017556:Technetium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013997:Time Factors; D017971:Tin Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017556:Technetium Compounds; D017971:Tin Compounds; C033493:technetium Tc 99m tin colloid