title: Bilateral effects of unilateral GDNF administration on dopamine- and GABA-regulating proteins in the rat nigrostriatal system.
abstract: Dopamine (DA) affects GABA neuronal function in the striatum and together these neurotransmitters play a large role in locomotor function. We recently reported that unilateral striatal administration of GDNF, a growth factor that has neurotrophic effects on DA neurons and enhances DA release, bilaterally increased striatal neuron activity related to locomotion in aged rats. We hypothesized that the GDNF enhancement of DA function and resulting bilateral enhancement of striatal neuronal activity was due to prolonged bilateral changes in DA- and GABA-regulating proteins. Therefore in these studies we assessed dopamine- and GABA-regulating proteins in the striatum and substantia nigra (SN) of 24 month old Fischer 344 rats, 30 days after a single unilateral striatal delivery of GDNF. The nigrostriatal proteins investigated were the DA transporter (DAT), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and TH phosphorylation and were examined by blot-immunolabeling. The striatal GABA neuron-related proteins were examined by assay of the DA D1 receptor, DARPP-32, DARPP-32 Thr34 phosphorylation, and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD). Bilateral effects of GDNF on TH and DAT occurred only in the SN, as 30 microg GDNF increased ser19 phosphorylation, and 100 microg GDNF decreased DAT and TH protein levels. GDNF also produced bilateral changes in GAD protein in the striatum. A decrease in DARPP-32 occurred in the ipsilateral striatum, while increased D1 receptor and DARPP-32 phosphorylation occurred in the contralateral striatum. The 30 microg GDNF infusion into the lateral striatum was confined to the ipsilateral striatum and substantia nigra. Thus, long-lasting bilateral effects of GDNF on proteins regulating DA and GABA neuronal function likely alter physiological properties in neurons, some with bilateral projections, associated with locomotion. Enhanced nigrostriatal excitability and DA release by GDNF may trigger these bilateral effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130-3932, USA. msalva@lsuhsc.edu
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.forename: Greg A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gerhardt
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Dayton
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stanford
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C497930:Ppp1r1b protein, rat; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; D004298:Dopamine