title: Temporal trends and improved outcomes of percutaneous coronary revascularization in nonagenarians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics and the outcomes of patients 90 years of age or older who were treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  There is a paucity of outcomes data among nonagenarians undergoing PCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the outcomes of all patients 90 years of age or older in the Mayo Clinic PCI registry and examined trends over time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over a period of 19 years, we identified 138 nonagenarians (66% women; age 92.2 +/- 2.0 years). Mean duration of hospitalization was 3.7 +/- 3.1 days, and the median follow-up duration was 3.6 years. Ninety-one percent of patients presented with an acute coronary syndrome and underwent urgent or emergent revascularization. Technical success rate was 91%. Overall, the frequency of in-hospital death, Q-wave myocardial infarction, and major adverse cardiac events (composite of death, Q-wave myocardial infarction, urgent or emergent coronary artery bypass grafting, and cerebrovascular accident) were 9.4%, 0.7%, and 12.3%, respectively. The long-term survival of the cohort was not significantly different than that of an age, gender, and calendar year of birth-matched Minnesota cohort. The cohort was divided into 2 groups according to the time of their intervention: pre-2000 (n = 32) and 2000 to 2006 (n = 106). The in-hospital mortality decreased markedly: 22% to 6% (p = 0.006), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates that, in carefully selected patients, PCI in contemporary practice may be performed with high technical success with relatively low mortality and morbidity. Thus, advanced age alone must not be considered a contraindication to performing coronary angiography and PCI when clear indications are present.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: From
authors.forename: Charanjit S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rihal
authors.forename: Ryan J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lennon
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Abhiram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prasad
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality / Q000639:trends*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000639:trends; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006299:Health Services for the Aged / Q000639:trends*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D018579:Patient Selection; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000639:trends*; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome