title: Characterisation of a new bioadhesive system based on polysaccharides with the potential to be used as bone glue.
abstract: Although gluing bone is in theory a very attractive alternative to classical fracture treatment, this method is not yet clinically established due to the lack of an adhesive which would meet all the necessary requirements. We therefore developed a novel two-component bioadhesive system with the potential to be used as a bone adhesive based on biocompatible and degradable biopolymers (chitosan, oxidised dextran or starch). After mixing in water, the two components covalently cross-link by forming a Schiff's base. By the same mechanism, the glue binds to any other exposed amino group such as for example those exposed in fractured bone, even in the presence of water. Modified chitosan was synthesised from commercially available chitosan by deacetylation and was then reduced in molecular weight by heating in acid. The amount of free amino groups was analysed by IR. The molecular weight was determined by viscosimetry. Starch or dextran were oxidised with periodic acid to generate aldehyde groups, which were quantified by titration. l-Dopa was conjugated to oxidised dextran or starch in analogy to the gluing mechanism of mussels. Biomechanical studies revealed that the new glue is superior to fibrin glue, but has less adhesive strength than cyanoacrylates. In vitro cell testing demonstrated excellent biocompatibility, rendering this glue a potential candidate for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Friedrich-Baur-Research Institute for Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany. bettina.hoffmann@fbi-biomaterialien.de
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Volkmer
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kokott
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Augat
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohnmacht
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sedlmayr
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schieker
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Claes
authors.forename: Wolf
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mutschler
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ziegler
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000268:Adhesiveness; D000818:Animals; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D048271:Chitosan