title: Evaluation of gastric emptying in familial and sporadic Parkinson disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess for the presence of gastric dysmotility in familial and sporadic Parkinson disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  10 subjects with familial Parkinson disease (fPD), 35 subjects with sporadic Parkinson disease (sPD), and 15 controls, all from academic tertiary care movement disorders centers, were studied. fPD was defined as the presence of at least 2 affected individuals within 2-3 consecutive generations in a family. Molecular genetic analysis has not revealed, thus far, any known genomic abnormality in these families. Gastric emptying was assessed by dynamic abdominal scintigraphy over 92 min following ingestion of a solid meal containing 99mTc-labeled colloid of 40 MBq activity. The main outcome measures were gastric emptying half-time and radiotracer activity over the gastric area at 46 and at 92 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gastric emptying time was delayed in 60% of subjects with PD. In comparison to mean t(1/2) of 38 +/- 7 min in controls, mean t(1/2) was 58 +/- 25 min in fPD (p = 0.02) and 46 +/- 25 min in sPD (p = 0.10). Both fPD and sPD groups included subjects with delayed gastric emptying at an early stage of disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with fPD showed significantly delayed gastric emptying in comparison to normal age-matched individuals. Further studies of gastrointestinal dysfunction in PD, particularly fPD, are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland. krygowsk@cm-uj.krakow.pl
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krygowska-Wajs
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Cheshire
authors.forename: Zbigniew K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Wszolek
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jasinska-Myga
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Farrer
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moskala
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sowa-Staszczak
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging