title: Japanese women's perceptions of intimate partner violence (IPV).
abstract: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a problem in Japan. The purpose is to describe IPV as perceived by a purposive sample of 11 Japanese adult females who were in a heterosexual marriage at the time of IPV. We used a cross-sectional, retroactive, qualitative description research design with individual, fact-to-face in depth interviews. At the time of the interview, the women had a mean age of 38 years and at the time of the IPV, a mean age of 28 years. Data were analyzed using the directed qualitative content analysis method. The results revealed that all women experienced physical and emotional abuse and 82% experienced sexual abuse. Communication between spouses was characterized as unilateral, with husbands initiating and dominating the conversation. The women identified the culture of the Japanese patriarchal system as directly influencing IPV. The implication is health professionals should actively advocate for effective legislation and policies to address IPV.
authors.affiliation: Japanese Red Cross Toyota College of Nursing, Japan.
authors.forename: Miyoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagae
authors.forename: Barbara L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Dancy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018585:Battered Women / Q000523:psychology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007564:Japan; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012649:Self Concept; D012945:Social Values; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*; D016387:Women's Health