title: Abnormal DNA methylation in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and dermatomyositis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  T-cell DNA hypomethylation is thought to contribute to the development of systemic erythematosus lupus (SLE). However, it is unknown whether impaired T-cell DNA methylation occurs in other connective tissue diseases, such as systemic sclerosis (SSc) and dermatomyositis (DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  We quantified global methylation in CD4+ T cells from 12 healthy donors and patients with SLE, SSc, and DM (10 patients in each group). mRNA levels of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and methyl-CpG-binding domain proteins (MBDs) were measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD4+ T-cell DNA from patients with SLE (both active and inactive) and SSc, but not DM, was significantly hypomethylated relative to controls. The average expression levels of DNMT1 and MBD4 mRNA were significantly lower whereas MBD2 and MeCP2 mRNA levels were significantly higher in the SLE group. DNMT1, MBD3, and MBD4 mRNA was significantly decreased in the SSc group, whereas MBD2 and MeCP2 mRNA was significantly higher in the DM group. The degree of global DNA hypomethylation correlated positively with the relative level of DNMT1 across SLE samples and MBD4 across the SSc samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduced DNA methylation and abnormal expression of methylation-related genes in CD4+ T cells are associated with SLE and SSc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Epigenetic Research Centre, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D003882:Dermatomyositis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases