title: Cultural proficiency: a Hispanic woman with ADHD--a case example.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Guidelines for assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of ADHD have been drawn from research focused primarily on Caucasian males generating, in part, the need to redress health disparities. Diagnostic criteria may therefore be limited, especially regarding gender differences and other associated cultural, familial, socio-environmental, and individual influences.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine how one woman with ADHD managed social, academic, interpersonal, and familial roles and to discuss the need for culturally proficient practice and treatment frameworks that are gender-sensitive to diagnosis and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case example of a 29-year-old Hispanic woman.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There is a gap in early diagnosis and treatment for some woman and individuals from ethnic minority and diverse groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cultural competence in practice and research are critical to mitigate the disparities in accurate and timely diagnosis and treatment of adult ADHD among the American population.
authors.affiliation: Drexel University, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Philadelphia, USA. rlw26@drexel.edu
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waite
authors.forename: J Russell
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ramsay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003144:Communication Barriers; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D012944:Social Support