title: In vivo comparison of hard tissue regeneration with human mesenchymal stem cells processed with either the FICOLL method or the BMAC method.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare new bone formation in maxillary sinus augmentation procedures using biomaterial associated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) separated by two different isolation methods.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In regenerative medicine open cell concentration systems are only allowed for clinical application under good manufacturing practice conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mononuclear cells, including MSCs, were concentrated with either the synthetic polysaccharide (FICOLL) method (classic open system--control group, n = 6 sinus) or the bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) method (closed system--test group, n = 12 sinus) and transplanted in combination with biomaterial. A sample of the cells was characterized by their ability to differentiate. After 4.1 months (SD +/- 1.0) bone biopsies were obtained and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The new bone formation in the BMAC group was 19.9% (90% confidence interval [CI], 10.9-29), and in the FICOLL group was 15.5% (90% CI, 8.6-22.4). The 4.4% difference was not significant (90% CI, -4.6-13.5; p = 0.39). MSCs could be differentiated into osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MSCs harvested from bone marrow aspirate in combination with bovine bone matrix particles can form lamellar bone and provide a reliable base for dental implants. The closed BMAC system is suited to substitute the open FICOLL system in bone regeneration procedures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. sebastian.sauerbier@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauerbier
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stricker
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuschnierz
authors.forename: Felicia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bühler
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Samuel Porfirio
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Xavier
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schmelzeisen
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gutwald
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D003757:Dental Implantation / Q000379:methods; D005362:Ficoll / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D019931:Maxillofacial Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D014070:Tooth / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002457:Cell Extracts; D005362:Ficoll