title: [Azithromycin-induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage].
abstract: Azithromycin (AZM) is widely used for the treatment of respiratory infection. Macrolides are generally well tolerated and adverse reactions are extremely rare. A 78-year-old man was treated with AZM for upper respiratory infection in November 2007. He developed bloody sputum at 5 days after AZM administration. Chest X-ray and CT images revealed diffuse ground glass opacities in the bilateral lung fields. Bronchoalveolar lavage demonstrated bloody fluid. The clinical symptoms and CT image improved after the corticosteroid therapy. His past history revealed that he also developed similar clinical symptoms and radiological features after treatment with AZM for upper respiratory infection at another hospital in October 2006. At that time, his condition improved after the administration of corticosteroid under a diagnosis of interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. Finally, we diagnosed recurrent alveolar hemorrhage caused by re-administration of AZM. This is apparently the first reported case of AZM-induced diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Kyohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaburaki
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gochyo
authors.forename: Fumiaki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Keishi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugino
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurosaki
authors.forename: Sakae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Homma
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017963:Azithromycin