title: Menopause and physical performance--a community-based cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to test whether menopause is associated with decreased physical performance and to determine the risk factors accounting for a decline in physical performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 979 women (mean +/-SD age, 48.4 +/- 3.9 y; range, 43-57 y) from a community population in Taiwan. Menopause status (435 women [44.4%] in premenopause, 253 [25.8%] in perimenopause, and 291 [29.7%] in postmenopause) was determined by menstrual history. All women underwent three dimensions of physical performance assessment: flexibility was evaluated by stand-and-reach and sit-and-reach tests; muscular strength was determined by the grip and pinch strength tests; and balance was assessed by one-legged standing with eyes open or closed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flexibility did not vary among women in different menopausal states. Perimenopausal or postmenopausal women had weaker grip strength than premenopausal women (27.7 +/- 6.5, 25.1 +/- 6.5, and 23.5 +/- 6.5 kg for premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal states, respectively; P < 0.001) and shorter standing balance time (93.9 +/- 33.7, 88.7 +/- 34.9, and 78.4 +/- 39.5 s for premenopausal, perimenopausal, postmenopausal states, respectively; P < 0.001). In a multivariate analysis, the associations of decreased grip strength and poor balance with menopause status remained significant after adjustment for baseline characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Menopause is an independent predictor of decreased muscle strength and balance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tapei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Huei
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Shuu-Jiun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fu-Yi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Peng-Hui
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jong-Ling
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Fuh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D047648:Perimenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D017697:Premenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan; D016387:Women's Health