Effect of weight loss on HDL-apoA-II kinetics in the metabolic syndrome.
Reduced HDL (high-density lipoprotein) concentration in the MetS (metabolic syndrome) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and is related to defects in HDL-apoA-II (apolipoprotein A-II) kinetics. Dietary restriction is the most commonly used weight loss strategy. In the present study, we examined the effect of weight loss on HDL-apoA-II kinetics in men with the MetS at the start and end of a 16-week intervention trial of a hypocaloric low-fat diet (n=20) compared with a weight maintenance diet (n=15), using a stable isotope technique and compartmental modelling. The low-fat diet achieved a significant reduction (P<0.01) in BMI (body mass index), abdominal fat compartments and HOMA (homoeostasis model assessment) score compared with weight maintenance. Weight loss also significantly (P<0.05) decreased both the production rate (-23%) and FCR (fractional catabolic rate) (-12%) of HDL-apoA-II, accounting for a net decrease in apoA-II concentration (-9%). Reductions in the HDL-apoA-II production rate were significantly associated with changes in body weight (r=0.683, P<0.01), plasma triacylglycerols (triglycerides) (r=0.607, P<0.01) and, to a lesser extent, plasma insulin (r=0.440, P=0.059) and HOMA-IR (HOMA of insulin resistance) (r=0.425, P=0.069). Changes in the apoA-II FCR were also significantly associated with reductions in visceral adipose tissue mass (r=0.561, P=0.010). In conclusion, in obese men with the MetS, short-term weight loss with a low-fat low-caloric diet lowers plasma apoA-II concentrations by decreasing both the production and catabolism of HDL-apoA-II. The cardiometabolic significance of this effect on HDL metabolism remains to be investigated further.
Ng
Theodore W K
TW
School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Metabolic Research Centre, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, GPO Box X2213, Perth WA 6847, Australia.
Chan
Dick C
DC
Barrett
P Hugh R
PH
Watts
Gerald F
GF
D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II / Q000097:blood*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL