Everolimus (RAD001): an mTOR inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
The recent introduction of drugs that inhibit angiogenesis or the mTOR has provided new options for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, a disease which often has a poor prognosis. Chemotherapy and cytokine therapy are largely ineffective. The 5-year survival rate is under 10%. Everolimus, an immunosuppressive drug widely used for the prevention of allograft rejection and an mTOR inhibitor, is one of the latest drugs undergoing clinical trials in metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It has been tested in patients with progressive disease after therapy with tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors (sunitinib, sorafenib or both), which interfere with signaling pathways, such as the VEGF pathway. Clinical efficacy results (progression-free survival) for everolimus are promising and the safety profile is good.
Oudard
Stéphane
S
Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris Descartes University, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France. stephane.oudard@egp.aphp.fr
Medioni
Jacques
J
Aylllon
Jorge
J
Barrascourt
Eduardo
E
Elaidi
Reza-Thierry
RT
Balcaceres
José
J
Scotte
Florian
F
D000818:Animals; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D000068338:Everolimus; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015996:Survival Rate; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000068338:Everolimus; D011494:Protein Kinases; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020123:Sirolimus