title: Development of self-efficacy and expectancy measures for benzodiazepines.
abstract: This study aimed to develop and assess the reliability and validity of a pair of self-report questionnaires to measure self-efficacy and expectancy associated with benzodiazepine use, the Benzodiazepine Refusal Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (BRSEQ) and the Benzodiazepine Expectancy Questionnaire (BEQ). Internal structure of the questionnaires was established by principal component analysis (PCA) in a sample of 155 respondents, and verified by confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) in a second independent sample (n=139) using structural equation modeling. The PCA of the BRSEQ resulted in a 16-item, 4-factor scale, and the BEQ formed an 18-item, 2-factor scale. Both scales were internally reliable. CFA confirmed these internal structures and reduced the questionnaires to a 14-item self-efficacy scale and a 12-item expectancy scale. Lower self-efficacy and higher expectancy were moderately associated with higher scores on the SDS-B. The scales provide reliable measures for assessing benzodiazepine self-efficacy and expectancies. Future research will examine the utility of the scales in prospective prediction of benzodiazepine cessation.
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Australia.
authors.forename: Jannette M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Parr
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kavanagh
authors.forename: Ross McD
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Jason P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Connor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001569:Benzodiazepines