Differences between homicide and filicide offenders; results of a nationwide register-based case-control study.
BACKGROUND
Filicide, the killing of one's child, is an extraordinary form of homicide. It has commonly been associated with suicide and parental psychiatric illness. In the research on filicide, nationwide studies with comparison groups, specific perpetrator subgroups, and assessment of possible risk factors have been called for. The purpose of the current study was to provide all that.


METHODS
In this nationwide register-based case-control study all filicide offenders who were in a forensic psychiatric examination in Finland 1995-2004 were examined and compared with an age- and gender matched control group of homicide offenders. The assessed variables were psychosocial history, index offence, and psychiatric variables as well as psychopathy using the PCL-R.


RESULTS
Filicide offenders were not significantly more often diagnosed with psychotic disorders than the controls but they had attempted suicide at the crime scene significantly more often. Filicide offenders had alcohol abuse/dependence and antisocial personality less often than the controls. Filicide offenders scored significantly lower on psychopathy than the controls. Within the group of filicide offenders, the psychopathy items with relatively higher scores were lack of remorse or guilt, shallow affect, callous/lack of empathy, poor behavioral controls, and failure to accept responsibility.


CONCLUSIONS
Since filicide offenders did not seem significantly more mentally disordered than the other homicide offenders, psychiatry alone cannot be held responsible for the prevention of filicide. Extensive international studies are needed to replicate our findings and provide more specific knowledge in order to enhance prevention.
Putkonen
Hanna
H
Vanha Vaasa hospital, PO Box 13, 65381 Vaasa, Finland. hanna.putkonen@vvs.fi
Weizmann-Henelius
Ghitta
G
Lindberg
Nina
N
Eronen
Markku
M
Häkkänen
Helinä
H
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005555:Forensic Psychiatry; D006708:Homicide / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders