title: Results of beating heart mitral valve surgery via the trans-septal approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mitral valve surgery can be performed through the trans-atrial or the trans-septal approach. Although the trans-atrial is the preferred method, the trans-septal approach has also been used recently and has a particular value in beating-heart mitral valve surgery. Herein we report our experience with beating-heart mitral valve surgery via trans-septal approach, and discuss its advantages and pitfalls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2000 and 2007, 214 consecutive patients were operated upon utilizing beating heart technique for mitral valve surgery. The operation was performed via transseptal approach with the aorta unclamped, the heart beating, with normal electrocardiogram and in sinus rhythm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 56.03 +/- 13.93 years (range: 19-86 years; median: 56 years). There were 131 (61.2%) males and 83 (38.8%) females. Of the prostheses used, 108 (50.5%) were biological, and 39 (18.2%) were mechanical. Mitral repairs were performed in 67 (31.3%) patients. Mean hospital stay was 17.4 +/- 20.0 days (range: 3-135 days; median: 11 days). Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) utilization was required in 12 (5.6%) of 214 patients. One-month mortality was 7.4%, and re-operation for bleeding was needed in 15 (7%) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Beating-heart mitral valve surgery is an option for myocardial protection in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. This technique is facilitated by the trans-septal approach due to reduced aortic insufficiency and improved visualization of the mitral apparatus.
authors.affiliation: Trabalho realizado na University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and Jackson Memorial hospital, Miami, Florida, USA. tsalerno@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Tomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Salerno
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: Anthony L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Panos
authors.forename: Francisco Igor
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Macedo
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ricci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult