title: No evidence for association between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and otosclerosis in a large Belgian-Dutch population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Otosclerosis is a frequent cause of hearing impairment in the Caucasian population and is characterized by abnormal bone remodeling of the otic capsule. Associations with several genes have been reported, and recently, an association between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and otosclerosis has been suggested. Polymorphisms in 3 genes were investigated: angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), and angiotensin II receptor, type 1. The polymorphisms in AGT and ACE were associated with disease, and both were reported to interact with each other. In the current study, a replication study was done in a large Belgian-Dutch population to investigate whether this association could be replicated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The same 3 polymorphisms in AGT, ACE, and angiotensin II receptor, type 1 as analyzed in the original study were investigated in 692 otosclerosis patients and 692 controls of Belgian-Dutch origin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the polymorphisms were significantly associated with disease. Interaction between AGT and ACE polymorphisms was not significant either.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We could not confirm the association between AGT and ACE, nor could we find evidence for interaction between both genes in otosclerosis. Because the current patient set is much larger than the one from the original study, this study holds sufficient power to detect the previously reported associations. Nonreplication in this case probably indicates that the initial results were false positive, although a role for these genes in otosclerosis cannot be definitively ruled out.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schrauwen
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thys
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vanderstraeten
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fransen
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ealy
authors.forename: Cor W R J
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Cremers
authors.forename: Ingeborg
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dhooge
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van de Heyning
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Offeciers
authors.forename: Richard J H
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van Camp
mesh_terms: D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000235:genetics; D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005838:Genotype; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010040:Otosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D000808:Angiotensinogen; D004247:DNA; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A