title: Highly sensitive model for xenogenic GVHD using severe immunodeficient NOG mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several animal models for xenogenic (xeno) graft versus host disease (GVHD) have been developed in immunodeficient mice, such as C.B-17-scid and nonobese diabetes (NOD)/severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), by human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (hPBMC) transplantation. However, these models pose problems because they require sublethal total body irradiation of the mice and a large number of hPBMCs to induce GVHD, and the timing of onset of GVHD is also unstable. The aim of this study is to establish improved murine models of xeno-GVHD using novel immunodeficient NOD/Shi-scid IL2r gamma null (NOG) mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  In three strains of immunodeficient mice, NOG, BALB/cA-RAG2 IL2r gamma null, and NOD/SCID mice, GVHD was induced by transplantation of hPBMCs with or without total body irradiation, and the GVHD symptoms in these strains were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After intravenous transplantation of hPBMCs, NOG mice showed early onset of GVHD symptoms and a small number of hPBMCs (2.5 x 10(6)) was sufficient to induce GVHD when compared with BALB/cA-RAG2 null IL2r gamma null and NOD/SCID mice. In addition, total body irradiation was not always necessary in the present model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that our model using the NOG mouse is a useful tool to investigate GVHD and to develop effective drugs for GVHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Animal Research, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Miyamae, Kawasaki, Japan. rito@ciea.or.jp
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Ikumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Katano
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamisako
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053631:Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit / Q000172:deficiency; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000637:transplantation*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016513:Mice, SCID; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000276:immunology*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D053631:Interleukin Receptor Common gamma Subunit