title: Successful steroid pulse therapy for brain lesion caused by Shiga toxin 2 in rabbits.
abstract: Betamethasone sodium phosphate (BSP) is usually used as a steroid therapy for human brain edema. High doses of BSP (36mg/kg) twice a day for two days statistically reduced the mortality rate and improved the survival period of Stx2 (1.4mug/kg; 1.6LD(50))-toxemic rabbits. We made evaluations on three kinds of magnetic resonance images (MRI) including T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and enhanced MRI using gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) to detect brain lesion induced by an intravenous injection of Stx2 in rabbits. Enhanced T1-weighted MRI was the most sensitive tool to find leakage of Gd-DTPA suggesting impairment of the blood brain barrier caused by Stx2. Enhanced MRI revealed that BSP treatment inhibited the leakage of Gd-DTPA, as directly evidenced by the protective effect of BSP against brain edema induced by intravenous injection of Stx2. Interleukin 1beta was not induced after Stx2 treatment in brain primary mixed cell culture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. junfujii@bact.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsukawa
authors.forename: Sharon Y A M
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Villanueva
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yutsudo
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D022641:Shiga Toxin 2 / Q000633:toxicity*; D013256:Steroids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D022641:Shiga Toxin 2; D013256:Steroids