Phaselicystis flava gen. nov., sp. nov., an arachidonic acid-containing soil myxobacterium, and the description of Phaselicystidaceae fam. nov.
A bacterial strain designated SBKo001(T) was isolated from a forest soil sample from Mt Makiling in Laguna, Philippines. It shows the general characteristics associated with myxobacteria, such as swarming of Gram-negative, rod-shaped vegetative cells, fruiting body formation and bacteriolytic activity. The strain is mesophilic, strictly aerobic and chemoheterotrophic and also exhibits resistance to various antibiotics. Major fatty acids are iso-C(15 : 0), C(17 : 1) 2-OH and C(20 : 4) (arachidonic acid). The G+C content of the genomic DNA is 69.2 mol%. A reference strain, NOSO-1 (=DSM 53757), isolated from the Etosha Basin in Namibia, shares nearly the same characteristics with SBKo001(T). The identical 16S rRNA gene sequences of the two strains show 94 % identity to strains of the cellulose-degrading Byssovorax and Sorangium species. Phylogenetic analysis reveals a novel branch diverging from the Polyangiaceae, Sorangiineae, Myxococcales. Their uniqueness in morphological growth stages, unusual fatty acid profile, broad-spectrum antibiotic resistance and branch divergence from the Polyangiaceae imply that strains SBKo001(T) and NOSO-1 not only represent a novel genus and species, proposed here as Phaselicystis flava gen. nov., sp. nov., but also belong to a new family, Phaselicystidaceae fam. nov. The type strain of Phaselicystis flava is SBKo001(T) (=DSM 21295(T) =NCCB 100230(T)).
Garcia
Ronald O
RO
UdS - Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Saarland University, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany.
Reichenbach
Hans
H
Ring
Michael W
MW
Müller
Rolf
R
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009231:Myxococcales / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010641:Phenotype; D010679:Philippines; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014197:Trees
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D016718:Arachidonic Acid