A randomized-controlled clinical trial evaluating clinical and radiological outcomes after 3 and 5 years of dental implants placed in bone regenerated by means of GBR techniques with or without the addition of BMP-2.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this randomized-controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the long-term outcome of implants placed in bone augmented with a xenogenic bone substitute material and a collagen membrane with or without the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2).


METHODS
Eleven patients received a total of 34 implants placed into sites exhibiting lateral bone defects. In a split mouth design, the defects were randomly treated with the graft material and the collagen membrane either with (test) or without (control) rhBMP-2. The patients were examined 3 and 5 years after insertion of the prosthetic restoration. Student's paired t-test was performed to detect differences between the two groups.


RESULTS
The survival rate at 3 and 5 years was 100% for both groups. The peri-implant soft tissues were stable and healthy without any difference between the two groups. The prosthetic reevaluation demonstrated four loose prosthetic screws during the first 3 years and seven ceramic chippings after 3 and 5 years. The mean distance between the first bone to implant contact to implant abutment junction at 3 years was 1.37 mm (test), 1.22 mm (control), and 1.38 mm (test), and 1.23 mm (control) at 5 years. The difference of <0.2 mm between test and control implants was not statistically significant. The mean change of the marginal bone level between baseline and 5 years ranged from -0.07 mm (mesial, test), -0.11 mm (distal, test), -0.03 mm (mesial, control), to +0.13 mm (distal, control). No statistically significant differences were observed between test and control sites.


CONCLUSIONS
Implants placed in bone augmented with and without rhBMP-2 revealed excellent clinical and radiological outcomes after 3 and 5 years.
Jung
Ronald E
RE
Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. ronald.jung@zzmk.uzh.ch
Windisch
Simone I
SI
Eggenschwiler
Ariane M
AM
Thoma
Daniel S
DS
Weber
Franz E
FE
Hämmerle
Christoph H F
CH
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003094:Collagen; D000044:Dental Abutments; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D019554:Dental Restoration Wear; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
C106416:Bio-Gide; C077540:Bio-Oss; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008903:Minerals; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; D003094:Collagen