[From symptomatic to disease modifying therapy? Recent developments in the pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease].
Until today the pharmacological therapy of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is still limited to symptomatic temporary improvement or stabilization of cognitive performance and activities of daily living, and the reduction of neuropsychiatric symptoms of the disease. Available symptomatic treatment options are the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (ACh-I) donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and the partial N-Methyl-D-Aspartat-(NMDA)-antagonist memantine. Further substances with symptomatic targets, especially selective acetylcholine and histamine receptors, are currently under development. Numerous of disease-modifying substances mainly targeting components of the amyloidogenic pathway of AD are presently studied in different phases of preclinical and clinical trials. Against earlier expectations which derived from promising preclinical immunization studies the breakthrough of disease-modification in AD is not in sight yet. Aim of this review is to summarize established pharmacological treatment options and the stage of development of upcoming symptomatic and disease-modifying substances of AD.
Franke
A G
AG
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz.
Lieb
K
K
Fellgiebel
A
A
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D023582:Alzheimer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000682:Amyloid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
D023582:Alzheimer Vaccines; D000682:Amyloid; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D016875:tau Proteins