Building national estimates of the burden of road traffic injuries in developing countries from all available data sources: Iran.
OBJECTIVE
To use a range of existing information sources to develop a national snapshot of the burden of road traffic injuries in one developing country-Iran.


METHODS
The distribution of deaths was estimated by using data from the national death registration system, hospital admissions and outpatient visits from a time-limited hospital registry in 12 of 30 provinces, and injuries that received no institutional care using the 2000 demographic and health survey. Results were extrapolated to national annual incidence of health burden differentiated by age, sex, external cause, nature of injuries and institutional care.


RESULTS
In 2005, 30,721 Iranians died annually in road traffic crashes and over one million were injured. The death rate (44 per 100,000) is the highest of any country in the world for which reliable estimates are available. Road traffic injuries are the third leading cause of death in Iran. While young adults are at high risk in non-fatal crashes, the elderly have the highest total death rates, largely due to pedestrian crashes. While car occupants lead the death count, motorized two-wheeler riders dominate hospital admissions, outpatient visits and health burden.


CONCLUSIONS
Reliable estimates of the burden of road traffic injuries are an essential input for rational priority setting. Most low income countries are unlikely to have national injury surveillance systems for several decades. Thus national estimates of the burden of injuries should be built by collating information from all existing information sources by appropriately correcting for source specific shortcomings.
Bhalla
K
K
Harvard University Initiative for Global Health, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. kavi_bhalla@harvard.edu
Naghavi
M
M
Shahraz
S
S
Bartels
D
D
Murray
C J L
CJ
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000145:classification / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001642:Bicycling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003644:Death Certificates; D003710:Demography; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006306:Health Surveys; D006753:Hospital Records / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009049:Motorcycles / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D055815:Young Adult