title: Half-solidification of nutrient does not decrease gastro-esophageal reflux events in patients fed via percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube feeding is widely used for patients with swallowing dysfunction, and aspiration pneumonitis induced by reflux of gastric contents is one of the most frequent and life-threatening events in such patients. We performed this study to clarify the effect of half-solidification of nutrient on gastro-esophageal reflux (GER) of acidic and non-acidic gastric contents in patients with PEG.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 14 elderly patients undergoing PEG feeding (female: 11, mean age 83.1 y). Twenty-four hour esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) and pH (MII-pH) monitoring were performed during and after feeding with half-solid and liquid nutrient, respectively. The numbers of GER events during 4h after the start of feeding were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in the total number of GER events between half-solid nutrient feeding and liquid nutrient feeding (5.6+/-1.5 vs. 6.6+/-1.5). The number of acid reflux events after half-solid nutrient feeding tended to be higher than that after liquid nutrient feeding (1.9+/-1.1 vs. 1.4+/-0.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Half-solidification of nutrition does not appear to be effective for preventing GER caused by liquid PEG feeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Nursing, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501, Japan. kadachi@med.shimane-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Terumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanimura
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koshino
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Norihisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishimura
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ryuko
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Umegae
authors.forename: Syuzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohhata
authors.forename: Setsushi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nariai
authors.forename: Yohko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sumi
authors.forename: Mikiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000150:complications; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005502:Food / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005774:Gastrostomy; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration / Q000517:prevention & control; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity