title: The cost-effectiveness of outpatient (at home) cervical ripening with isosorbide mononitrate prior to induction of labour.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the cost-effectiveness of outpatient (at home) cervical ripening with isosorbide mononitrate (IMN) prior to induction of labour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Economic evaluation was conducted alongside a randomised placebo controlled trial (the IMOP trial).
  
  
  METHODS
  Large UK maternity hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 350 nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy, cephalic presentation > or = 37 weeks gestation, requiring cervical ripening prior to induction of labour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isosorbide mononitrate (n = 177) or placebo (n = 173) self-administered vaginally at home at 48, 32 and 16 hours prior to the scheduled time of admission for induction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean health service costs between the period of randomisation and discharge for mother and infant were 1254.86 pound sterling in the IMN group and 1242.88 pound sterling in the placebo group, generating a mean cost difference of 11.98 pound sterling (bootstrap mean cost difference 12.86 pound sterling; 95%CI: -106.79 pound sterling, 129.39 pound sterling) that was not statistically significant (P = 0.842). The incremental cost per hour prevented from hospital admission to delivery was 7.53 pound sterling. At the notional willingness to pay threshold of 100 pound sterling per hour prevented from hospital admission to delivery, the probability that IMN is cost-effective was estimated at 0.67. This translated into a mean net monetary benefit of 98.13 pound sterling for each woman given IMN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the probability that IMN is cost-effective approaches 0.7 at seemingly low willingness to pay thresholds for an hour prevented from hospital admission to delivery, our results should be viewed in the light of the clinical findings from the IMOP trial.
authors.affiliation: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. oya.eddama@npeu.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Eddama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petrou
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bollapragada
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Norrie
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Norman
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000191:economics*; D020070:Cervical Ripening / Q000187:drug effects*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006699:Home Care Services / Q000191:economics*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000191:economics; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000191:economics; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000191:economics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate; C030397:isosorbide-5-mononitrate