title: Production enhancement and refolding of caprine growth hormone expressed in Escherichia coli.
abstract: This study describes comparison between IPTG and lactose induction on expression of caprine growth hormone (cGH), enhancing cell densities of Escherichia coli cultures and refolding the recombinant cGH, produced as inclusion bodies, to biologically active state. 2-3 times higher cell densities were obtained in shake flask cultures when induction was done with lactose showing almost same level of expression as in case of IPTG induction. With lactose induction highest cell densities were achieved in TB (OD(600) 16.3) and M9NG (OD(600) 16.1) media, producing 885 and 892 mg cGH per liter of the culture, respectively. Lactose induction done at mid-exponential stage resulted in a higher cell density and thus higher product yield. cGH over-expressed as inclusion bodies was solubilized in 50 mM Tris-Cl buffer (pH 12.5) containing 2 M urea, followed by dilution and lowering the pH in a step-wise manner to obtain the final solution in 50mM Tris-Cl (pH 9.5). The cGH was purified by Q-Sepharose chromatography followed by gel filtration with a recovery yield of 39% on the basis of total cell proteins. The product thus obtained showed a single band by SDS-PAGE analysis. MALDI-TOF analysis showed a single peak with a mass of 21,851 dalton, which is very close to its calculated molecular weight. A bioassay based on proliferation of Nb2 rat lymphoma cells showed that the purified cGH was biologically active.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Muhammad Altaf
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Saima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadaf
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sajjad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Waheed Akhtar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D003470:Culture Media; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism*; D006041:Goats / Q000235:genetics*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007544:Isopropyl Thiogalactoside / Q000378:metabolism; D007785:Lactose / Q000378:metabolism; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017510:Protein Folding; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007544:Isopropyl Thiogalactoside; D013006:Growth Hormone; D007785:Lactose