title: Molecular epidemiology of syphilis in Scotland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the molecular epidemiology of syphilis in Scotland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ulcer specimens were collected from 85 patients with infectious syphilis. Typing of Treponema pallidum was performed using a method that examines variation in two loci; the number of 60-basepair repeats within the arp gene and sequence variation in the tpr genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were predominately white men who have sex with men (MSM). Treponemal DNA was detected in 75 specimens and a total of six subtypes were identified from 58 typeable specimens (77%). The most common subtypes were 14d (44/58, 76%), followed by 14e (7/58, 12%), 14j (3/58, 5%), 14b (2/58, 3%), 14p and 14k (1/58, 2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that subtype 14d is the predominant subtype circulating in Scotland and there is a surprising level of genetic diversity within the Scottish MSM community.
authors.affiliation: Sexually Transmitted Bacteria Reference Laboratory, Health Protection Agency, London NW9 5EQ, UK. michelle.cole@hpa.org.uk
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Chisholm
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ison
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005401:Fissure in Ano / Q000382:microbiology; D005835:Genitalia / Q000382:microbiology; D020010:Heterosexuality; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019226:Oral Ulcer / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D013587:Syphilis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014210:Treponema pallidum / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial