title: Fibrinogen gamma gene 3'-end polymorphisms and risk of venous thromboembolism in the African-American and Caucasian population.
abstract: Genetic determinants of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the African-American population are poorly characterised. It was recently shown that fibrinogen gamma gene (FGG) polymorphisms 10034C>T and 9340T>C influence VTE risk in the Caucasian population. In the African-American population these polymorphisms are common, with allele frequencies above 25%. Here we evaluated whether these and other FGG 3'-end polymorphisms were associated with VTE risk in the African-American population and aimed to replicate the association in the Caucasian population. We examined 557 Caucasian patients and 678 Caucasian controls, and 537 African-American patients and 586 African-American controls from the ;Genetic Attributes and Thrombosis Epidemiology' (GATE) study. In the African-American population, 10034C>T and 9340T>C marginally influenced VTE-risk, with a 20% increase in risk for 10034TT carriers and a 20% reduction in risk for 9340CC carriers. In the Caucasian population, 10034TT was associated with a 1.7-fold increase in risk, which increased to 2.1-fold for idiopathic VTE patients. 9340CC significantly reduced VTE risk approximately two-fold. In conclusion, both FGG polymorphisms 10034C>T and 9340T>C influence VTE-risk, with the strongest effects observed in the Caucasian population, confirming previous data on these polymorphisms in this population.
authors.affiliation: Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Department of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uitte de Willige
authors.forename: Meridith E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pyle
authors.forename: Hans L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Vos
authors.forename: Marieke C H
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: de Visser
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lally
authors.forename: Nicole F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Dowling
authors.forename: W Craig
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hooper
authors.forename: Rogier M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bertina
authors.forename: Harland
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Austin
mesh_terms: D024509:3' Flanking Region / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D015241:Fibrinogens, Abnormal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D015241:Fibrinogens, Abnormal