[Cytotoxicity of antiglaucoma ophthalmic solutions for human corneal endothelial cells].
OBJECTIVE
The cytotoxicity of a range of commercial antiglaucoma ophthalmic solutions was assessed in human corneal endothelial cells using in vitro techniques.


METHODS
Cell survival was measured using the WST-1 assay for endothelial cells and the MTT assay for epithelial cells. Commercially available timolol, carteolol, latanoplast, unoprostone, levobunolol, bunazosine, betaxolol, nipradiol, dorzolamide, brinzolamide, and pilocarpine were assessed. The survival of cells exposed to test ophthalmic solutions was expressed as a percentage of cell survival in the control solution (distilled water added to media) after 48 hours exposure.


RESULTS
Survival was lower in prostagrandines and in medications containing benzalkonium. It increased to more than 85% after dilution of 1000-fold or more dilution.


CONCLUSIONS
Antiglaucoma ophthalmic solutions have corneal endothelial toxicity. The toxicity significantly decreases after dilution of 1000-fold or more dilution and toxicity seems to be due mostly to benzalkonium chloride.
Ayaki
Masahiko
M
Department of Ophthalmology, Fujigaoka Hospital, Showa University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
Noda
Yoshiko
Y
Yaguchi
Shigeo
S
Koide
Ryohei
R
Iwasawa
Atsuo
A
Inoue
Toshu
T
Inoue
Yoichi
Y
D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology*; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000633:toxicity*
D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions