title: Health outcomes of gastric bypass patients compared to nonsurgical, nonintervened severely obese.
abstract: Favorable health outcomes at 2 years postbariatric surgery have been reported. With exception of the Swedish Obesity Subjects (SOS) study, these studies have been surgical case series, comparison of surgery types, or surgery patients compared to subjects enrolled in planned nonsurgical intervention. This study measured gastric bypass effectiveness when compared to two separate severely obese groups not participating in designed weight-loss intervention. Three groups of severely obese subjects (N = 1,156, BMI >or= 35 kg/m(2)) were studied: gastric bypass subjects (n = 420), subjects seeking gastric bypass but did not have surgery (n = 415), and population-based subjects not seeking surgery (n = 321). Participants were studied at baseline and 2 years. Quantitative outcome measures as well as prevalence, incidence, and resolution rates of categorical health outcome variables were determined. All quantitative variables (BMI, blood pressure, lipids, diabetes-related variables, resting metabolic rate (RMR), sleep apnea, and health-related quality of life) improved significantly in the gastric bypass group compared with each comparative group (all P < 0.0001, except for diastolic blood pressure and the short form (SF-36) health survey mental component score at P < 0.01). Diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension resolved much more frequently in the gastric bypass group than in the comparative groups (all P < 0.001). In the surgical group, beneficial changes of almost all quantitative variables correlated significantly with the decrease in BMI. We conclude that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery when compared to severely obese groups not enrolled in planned weight-loss intervention was highly effective for weight loss, improved health-related quality of life, and resolution of major obesity-associated complications measured at 2 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Genetics Division, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. ted.adams@utah.edu
authors.forename: Ted D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Pendleton
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Strong
authors.forename: Ronette L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kolotkin
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Sheldon E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Litwin
authors.forename: Wael K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Berjaoui
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: LaMonte
authors.forename: Tom V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Cloward
authors.forename: Erick
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Avelar
authors.forename: Theophilus E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Owan
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Nuttall
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gress
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Crosby
authors.forename: Paul N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.forename: Eliot A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Brinton
authors.forename: Wayne D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Rosamond
authors.forename: Gail A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wiebke
authors.forename: Frank G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Yanowitz
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Farney
authors.forename: R Chad
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Halverson
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Simper
authors.forename: Sherman C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hunt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology