title: Differential gene expression in umbilical cord blood and maternal peripheral blood.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has become a useful alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells for clinical and research applications. UCB represents neonatal blood and differs from adult blood in many aspects, displaying different cell composition and various features of cellular immaturity. To understand molecular basis of phenotypic differences between neonatal and adult blood, we studied variations in transcriptome of UCB and maternal peripheral blood (PB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using Illumina microarrays, we determined gene expression profiles of UCB and PB samples obtained from 30 mothers giving birth to living baby.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 20,589 tested genes, 424 genes were down-regulated and 417 genes were up-regulated in UCB compared with PB. Reduced expression of many immunity-related pathways (e.g. TLR pathway, Jak-STAT pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction) in neonatal blood cells may contribute to the poor response to antigens, increasing susceptibility to infections at the time of disappearance of protective maternal antibodies. On the other hand, overexpression of erythropoiesis-related genes (glycophorins, fetal hemoglobins, enzymes catalysing heme synthesis and erythrocyte differentiation) in UCB probably enforces red cell production in newborns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates that neonatal and maternal bloods show specific gene expression profiles, likely reflecting differences in phenotypes of immunologically immature and fully evolved hematopoietic cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, 128 20 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merkerova
authors.forename: Alzbeta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vasikova
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bruchova
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Libalova
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Topinka
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Balascak
authors.forename: Radim J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sram
authors.forename: Radim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brdicka
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009035:Mothers; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000473:pathology*