title: Combination chemotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin for patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of combination chemotherapy with capecitabine and cisplatin (XP) in patients with metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  From September 2003 to July 2007, we enrolled patients with HCC who had more than one measurable extrahepatic metastatic lesion. Patients received oral capecitabine (2000 mg/m(2)/day) with a schedule of 2 weeks on and 1 week off and cisplatin (60 mg/m(2)) on the first day of the 3-week cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study cohort consisted of 32 patients with a median age of 53 years. Overall response rate was 6.3% and disease control rate was 34.4%. The median time to progression (TTP) was 2.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-2.4] and the median overall survival (OS) time was 12.2 months (95% CI 6.5-17.8). The grade 3/4 hematologic toxic effects included thrombocytopenia (7.6%), neutropenia (4.3%) and anemia (2.1%). The grade 3/4 non-hematologic toxic effects included elevated hepatic aminotransferase (12.9%), jaundice (3.2%), mucositis (3.2%) and nausea (3.2%). There was no treatment-related mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the observed response rate and TTP, XP combination chemotherapy showed modest antitumor efficacy in patients with metastatic HCC as systemic first-line treatment. However, XP combination chemotherapy showed tolerable toxicity and demonstrated favorable OS time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Chongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Bang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069287:Capecitabine; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069287:Capecitabine; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil