Targeted treatment of acute myeloid leukemia in older adults: role of gemtuzumab ozogamicin.
As the overall prognosis and treatment response rate to standard chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains poor in the older adult population, there is a need for more effective therapeutic agents with lower toxicity profiles that can be offered to these patients. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is an anti-CD33 monoclonal antibody that was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use as monotherapy in patients 60 years of age and older with relapsed AML. GO consists of a humanized anti-CD33 antibody (hP67.6) which is linked to N-acetyl-gamma calicheamicin 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine dichloride. Once the antibody attaches to the surface antigen, it is rapidly internalized. Calicheamicin, a potent enediyne, is subsequently released and acts as a cytotoxic anti-tumor agent. In this population, GO has an acceptable toxicity and yields response rates approaching 30%. The efficacy of GO as monotherapy and in combination therapy for treatment of both de novo and relapsed AML continues to be investigated.
Duong
Hien K
HK
Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Sekeres
Mikkael A
MA
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000187:drug effects; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000187:drug effects; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000079982:Gemtuzumab; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C571163:CD33 protein, human; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3; D000079982:Gemtuzumab