title: Prolonged treatment with N-acetylcysteine and L-arginine restores gonadal function in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a wide spectrum of biological actions including a positive role in oocyte maturation and ovulation. Free radicals levels have been shown elevated in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and therefore would be responsible for quenching NO that, in turn, would play a role in determining oligo- or amenorrhea connoting PCOS. Eight patients with PCOS displaying oligo-amenorrhea from at least 1 yr underwent a combined treatment with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (1200 mg/die) plus L-arginine (ARG) (1600 mg/die) for 6 months. Menstrual function, glucose and insulin levels, and, in turn, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index were monitored. Menstrual function was at some extent restored as indicated by the number of uterine bleedings under treatment (3.00, 0.18-5.83 vs 0.00, 0.00-0.83; p<0.02). Also, a well-defined biphasic pattern in the basal body temperature suggested ovulatory cycles. The HOMA index decreased under treatment (2.12, 1.46-4.42 vs 3.48, 1.62-5.95; p<0.05). In conclusion, this preliminary, open study suggests that prolonged treatment with NAC+ARG might restore gonadal function in PCOS. This effect seems associated to an improvement in insulin sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masha
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manieri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dinatale
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ghigo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martina
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy; D001120:Arginine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008598:Menstruation / Q000187:drug effects; D009839:Oligomenorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001120:Arginine; D000111:Acetylcysteine