title: NaF activates MAPKs and induces apoptosis in odontoblast-like cells.
abstract: The cytotoxic effects of fluoride on odontoblasts are not clear. In this study, we examined whether NaF induces apoptosis in MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells and the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in NaF-induced apoptosis. MDPC-23 cells incubated with 5 mM NaF for 24 hrs exhibited caspase-3 activation, cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, DNA fragmentation, and an increase in cytoplasmic nucleosomes. Prior to the induction of apoptosis, all MAPKs examined were phosphorylated, but in a different manner. In contrast to the sustained phosphorylation of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38, NaF exposure induced a biphasic phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK). NaF-induced apoptosis was markedly suppressed by treatment with the JNK inhibitor, SP600125, and mildly suppressed by the MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor, U0126. Inhibition of p38 activity did not protect cells from apoptosis. Thus, exposure to NaF induces apoptosis in odontoblast-like cells, depending on JNK and, less significantly, ERK pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Public Health I, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karube
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nishitai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inageda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurosu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000873:Anthracenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002070:Butadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000187:drug effects; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D020536:Enzyme Activators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000187:drug effects; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000187:drug effects; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D002070:Butadienes; D020536:Enzyme Activators; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles; D009707:Nucleosomes; C113580:U 0126; C432165:pyrazolanthrone; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D053148:Caspase 3