title: Cadmium purification and quantification using immunochromatography.
abstract: One of the pathways by which cadmium enters human beings is through the consumption of agricultural products. The monitoring of cadmium has a significant role in the management of cadmium intake. Cadmium purification and quantification using immunochromatography were conducted in this study as an alternative means of cadmium analysis. The samples used in this study were rice, tomato, lettuce, garden pea, Arabidopsis thaliana (a widely used model organism for studying plants), soil, and fertilizer. The cadmium immunochromatography has been produced from the monoclonal antibody Nx2C3, which recognize the chelate form of cadmium, Cd.EDTA. The immunochromatography can be used for quantification of cadmium in a range from 0.01 to 0.1 mg/L at 20% mean coefficient of variance. A chelate column employing quaternary ammonium salts was used for the purification of cadmium from HCl extracts of samples. Recoveries of cadmium were near 100%, and the lowest recovery was 76.6% from rice leaves. The estimated cadmium concentrations from the immunochromatography procedure were evaluated by comparison with the results of instrumental analysis (ICP-AES or ICP-MS). By comparison of HCl extracts analyzed by ICP-MS and column eluates analyzed by immunochromatography of the samples, the estimated cadmium concentrations were closely similar, and their recoveries were from 98 to 116%.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Abiko-shi, Chiba, Japan. k-sasaki@criepi.denken.or.jp
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Nunnarpas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yongvongsoontorn
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tawarada
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Tamami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arakane
authors.forename: Fujio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kayama
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oguma
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohmura
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000379:methods*; D010945:Plants, Edible / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D002104:Cadmium