title: The effects of exposure to community violence on aspects of adolescent identity development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A gap exists in our understanding of the impact of exposure to community violence on identity development. The purpose of this study was to explore how exposure to community violence affects adolescents' identity development. Data were collected to describe the perceptions, interpretations, and meanings adolescents ascribe to their experiences with community violence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male and female inner-city adolescents (13-18 years) were invited to share their personal stories about exposure to community violence. A constant comparative approach was employed to analyze data from personal narratives.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All adolescents in this study reported exposure to violence and shared stories about living and coping with the prevalence of violence. Aspects of identity development that emerged in the data included self-perceptions, coping patterns, efficacy, and a moral self. Some stories revealed psychological distress that had potential for long-term developmental consequences. Personal strengths and positive attributes of the participants were also evident in the data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure to community violence affected the identity development of these adolescents. When working with adolescents, it is important for nurses to assess for community violence exposure and promote coping strategies that reduce distress and foster healthy intimacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA. dls39@georgetown.edu
authors.forename: Deborah Burdett
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Schiavone
mesh_terms: D000184:Acting Out; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D001240:Aspirations, Psychological; D003415:Crime / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006380:Helplessness, Learned; D006708:Homicide / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D035863:Moral Development; D033262:Narration; D010553:Personality Development; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012649:Self Concept; D012933:Social Identification; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult