High early mortality in patients with chronic acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diarrhea initiating antiretroviral therapy in Haiti: a case-control study.
This case-control study examines whether chronic diarrhea at initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) affects survival of human immunodefiency virus-infected patients. Cases (288) were treatment-naive, non-pregnant, adults with self report of frequent loose stool for > 3 weeks at the time ART was initiated. One-third of patients had an enteric pathogen identified including Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., Isospora belli, Cyclospora cayetanensis, and Entamoeba histolytica. Control patients (400) did not have diarrhea when initiating ART. At six weeks, mortality was 10% in the patients with diarrhea and 5% in the patients without diarrhea (P = 0.009). Chronic diarrhea in patients requesting ART in Haiti is associated with increased early mortality.
Dillingham
Rebecca A
RA
University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA. rd8v@virginia.edu
Pinkerton
Relana
R
Leger
Paul
P
Severe
Patrice
P
Guerrant
Richard L
RL
Pape
J William
JW
Fitzgerald
Daniel W
DW
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006205:Haiti / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D010272:Parasitic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination