title: Psychometric development and validation of the chronic constipation treatment satisfaction questionnaire (CTSAT-Q).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and validate the constipation treatment satisfaction questionnaire (CTSAT-Q) for use in patients with chronic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-c).
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire development included item representation from the reviewed literature, focus groups, and pretesting. Dimensions related to treatment satisfaction were identified with exploratory factor analysis, verified with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and tested with structural equation modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 31,988 email invitations were disseminated to obtain 311 qualified respondents with diagnoses for chronic constipation and IBS-c using ROME II criteria, which required that two of the following symptoms: fewer than 3 bowel movements per week, hard or lumpy stools, straining with defecation, and a sensation of incomplete evacuation, a sensation of anorectal obstruction, and the use of manual maneuvers to assist defecation be present 25% of the time during the last year. Approximately 84% of the sample was female. Item-to-total correlations were 0.66 for activities, ranged from 0.60 to 0.67 for expectations, from 0.59 to 0.69 for value, from 0.56 to 0.60 for effectiveness, and 0.68 to 0.79 for treatment satisfaction. All standardized parameter estimates from CFA were significant (P < 0.01). The chi-square was 46.98, df = 41, P = 0.241, comparative fit index = 0.996, Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.994, root mean square error of approximation = 0.022, indicating an excellent fit between the sample data and proposed model. Treatment satisfaction was a strong and significant predictor of effectiveness, activities, and value (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CTSAT-Q was demonstrated to be reliable and valid, and appears to assess treatment satisfaction for patients with chronic constipation and patients with IBS-c.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacy Practice & Administration, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. szeinbach.1@osu.edu
authors.forename: Sheryl L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Szeinbach
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Baran
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bratten
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003248:Constipation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome; D054368:Laxatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011788:Quality of Life; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D054368:Laxatives; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs