title: Genetic and environmental risks for high blood pressure among African American mothers and daughters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relationship between genetic and environmental lifestyle factors (physical activity and sodium) on blood pressure (BP) among African-American women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this cross-sectional study involving 108 African-American mothers and daughters from a Midwestern area, investigators obtained BP measurements, information on minutes of physical activity, amount of sodium intake, and buccal swab saliva samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the sodium bicarbonate cotransporter gene (SLC4A5), rs8179526 had a statistically significant interaction with cytosine/thymine (C/T) genotype by sodium status on systolic BP (SBP; p=.0077). For gene x physical activity interaction, 2 significant interactions (cytosine/adenine [C/A] genotype by physical activity and adenine/adenine [A/A] genotype by physical activity, p=.0107 and p=.0171, respectively) on SBP and 1 on diastolic BP (DBP; A/A genotype by physical activity, p=.0233) were found on rs1017783. Two significant guanine/adenine [G/A] genotype by physical activity interactions were found on rs6731545 for SBP and DBP (p=.0160 and p=.0492, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A gene x environmental interaction with rs8179526 has a protective effect on SBP in African-American women with high sodium intake. Participants with C/T genotype of rs8179526 who consumed greater than 2,300 mg of sodium had lower SBP than those who consumed less than recommended. Women with thymine/thymine (T/T) genotype of rs8179526 who consumed greater than 2,300 mg had lower SBP than those who consumed less. Awareness of both the protective and deleterious properties of rs8179526 in African-American women may one day assist in determining appropriate treatment plans.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06536, USA. jacquelyn.taylor@yale.edu
authors.forename: Jacquelyn Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maddox
authors.forename: Chun Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D008019:Life Style / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015146:Midwestern United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D009035:Mothers; D009679:Nuclear Family / Q000208:ethnology; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects; D027982:Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporters / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C422023:SLC4A5 protein, human; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D027982:Sodium-Bicarbonate Symporters