Distribution of dengue cases in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, during the period 2004-2006.
BACKGROUND
Dengue virus infection is an emergent viral disease and the most important transmitted by a vector worldwide. In Mexico it has been an important public health problem since 1995 and Oaxaca is one of the most affected states in the country.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the geographic distribution of confirmed dengue cases in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico, the serotypes circulating, and the main gender and age groups affected.


METHODS
Information about confirmed dengue cases obtained by LESPO during the period 2004-2006 was classified, sorted, and analysed. A RT-PCR technique was used to determine the serotype of the virus in serum samples.


RESULTS
A substantial increment in the number of dengue cases was noticed during the period of this study. The most affected sanitary jurisdiction was located on the coast where the climatic conditions were ideal for vector development and where there is significant migratory activity. The most affected group was the 11-15-year-old group. Dengue haemorrhagic fever was more frequent in men than in women over 16 years old, with a significant difference evaluated by chi(2)-test (p<0.001). Four serotypes of the virus were detected in the state and two co-infections with DEN2-3 and DEN3-4 were identified.


CONCLUSIONS
The increment in the number of dengue cases in the state of Oaxaca could be explained by several factors such as the presence of the four serotypes of the virus, the migratory phenomenon, the climatic conditions and the socioeconomic level of the population.
Günther
Jeannette
J
Programa Institucional de Biomedicina Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, Mexico.
Ramírez-Palacio
Luis Román
LR
Pérez-Ishiwara
David Guillermo
DG
Salas-Benito
Juan Santiago
JS
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003715:Dengue / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012703:Serotyping; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult