title: [Autoantibody detection by indirect immunofluorescence on HEp-2 cells].
abstract: Systemic autoimmune diseases are characterized by the presence of antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA). Diluted patient sera are typically used to screen for the presence of ANA by immunfluorescence microscopy with fixed HEp-2 cells. Despite high-quality test kits, reports of different laboratories frequently present controversial results. This article recommends unified processing and interpretation of HEp-2 based screening for autoantibodies. Suggestions are made for the selection of high-quality test kits, optimized processing and diagnostic procedures. In addition to a relevant clinical diagnosis and an experienced laboratory specialist, the following procedure is highly recommended to achieve good laboratory practice: Initial HEp-2 based screening by indirect immunofluorescence, starting with a 1:80 serum dilution, and evaluation in a bright fluorescence microscope, pathological values from a titer of 1:160 upwards, internal quality checks and unified interpretation. We aim to improve diagnosis and care of patients with autoimmune diseases as a central focus of the European Autoimmunity Standardization Initiative (EASI).
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Immunologie und Transfusionsmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Leipzig. ulrich.sack@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sack
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Csernok
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hiepe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krieger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kromminga
authors.forename: P von
authors.initials: Pv
authors.lastname: Landenberg
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mierau
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies