title: Quality of life among patients with primary, metastatic  and recurrent cancer.
abstract: Diagnosis of cancer is an emotionally traumatic event that significantly impacts the quality of life (QoL) of the patients. Progression to metastasis or recurrence of cancer after first diagnosis poses a greater threat to life that further increases this emotional trauma and can worsen the QoL. In this research we sought to explore the differences in QoL (symptom severity and physical functioning) experienced by primary non-metastatic (PNM), primary metastatic (PM) and recurrent (RC) cancer patients. Cancer patients recruited in two cognitive intervention trials formed the sample for this analysis. Data were analysed using longitudinal mixed models, with two interaction terms. Least square means were calculated and compared. Over the period of study RC patients reported the worst symptom severity and physical function followed by PM and PNM patients. Primary non-metastatic patients showed a steady decline in severity whereas PM and RC showed slight gains after the first follow-up. Primary non-metastatic patients displayed best physical functioning followed by PM and RC patients, and remained stable over time. Breast cancer patients displayed most variation in symptom severity among the three progression groups, whereas significant variation in physical function among the three groups was observed within all cancer sites.
authors.affiliation: Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. siddiqi@msu.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siddiqi
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Given
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Given
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sikorskii
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000503:physiopathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000503:physiopathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult