title: Molecular typing and antifungal susceptibility of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolates in Goiania, Brazil.
abstract: A total of 124 Cryptococcus isolates, including 84 clinical strains obtained from cerebrospinal fluid from AIDS patients and 40 environmental isolates from pigeon excreta and from Eucalyptus trees, were studied. The varieties, serotypes, phospholipase activity and molecular profile of these isolates were determined. Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii serotype A was identified in 120 isolates and Cryptococcus gattii serotype B in four isolates. The clinical isolates showed higher phospholipase activity than environmental isolates. Similar patterns of in vitro susceptibility to amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole and no resistance were found for all isolates. Molecular type VNI (C. neoformans var. grubii) was recovered in 80 clinical and 40 environmental isolates while the type VGIII (C. gattii) was found in four clinical isolates. This study demonstrated for the first time the molecular types of clinical and environmental Cryptococcus isolates in the midwest Brazil region.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública da Universidade Federal de Goias, Goiania, Brazil.
authors.forename: L K H
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Souza Junior
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Faganello
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Vainstein
authors.forename: A L B
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Chagas
authors.forename: A C M
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: M R R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001938:Brazil; D010856:Columbidae / Q000382:microbiology; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D056285:Cryptococcus gattii / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D005052:Eucalyptus / Q000382:microbiology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism; D012703:Serotyping
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010740:Phospholipases