Immunomodulatory effects of chemokines during the early implantation window.
Successful implantation requires a functionally normal embryo at the blastocyst stage and a receptive endometrium as well as adequate communication between them throughout the implantation process. This cross-talk is highly regulated by a number of different kinds of molecules. Particularly, chemokines, small polypeptides that attract specific leukocyte subsets by binding to cell-surface receptors, are also required to maintain immune-privileged sites as the feto-maternal interface. Chemokines expression involves an interdependent network with the absence of a single chemokine affecting the expression of multiple other chemokines, we have chosen to focus on just two representative examples: RANTES (regulated on normal T cell expressed and secreted) and MCP-1 (Monocyte chemo-attractant protein). Here, we present updated information on their expression levels and regulation on three different levels: 1) systemic effects on maternal allogeneic response; 2) local effects on endometrial cells; and 3) during an early stage of the feto-maternal dialogue. For each of the three levels, we analyzed data from both fertile women and patients having experienced recurrent spontaneous abortions as representative of physiological and pathological situations respectively.
Fraccaroli
Laura
L
Immunopharmacology Laboratory, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Int. Guiraldes 2160, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellon 2 Piso 4, (C1428EHA) University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Alfieri
Julio
J
Leiros
Claudia Perez
CP
Ramhorst
Rosanna
R
D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000276:immunology*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000276:immunology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D054502:Histocompatibility, Maternal-Fetal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism
D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D018925:Chemokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors