Maternal hematological and virological characteristics during early feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) infection of cats as predictors of fetal infection and reproductive outcome at early gestation.
The FIV-infected cat is a small animal model for HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) because the two lentiviruses are biologically related and produce similar clinical syndromes. Both viruses are vertically transmissible and may negatively impact reproductive outcome. Maternal hematological and virological parameters are predictors of MTCT in HIV-infected women. Our purpose was to determine whether similar maternal characteristics during early pregnancy in FIV-infected cats influence pregnancy outcome. We inoculated 10 cats with FIV-B-2542; 10 cats were uninoculated. We quantified longitudinal CD4:CD8 T cell ratios, proviral load, and plasma viremia, monitored longitudinal serostatus, and documented clinical and reproductive outcome during early pregnancy. Inoculated queens were seropositive and provirus positive by week 4 post-infection (p.i.). CD4:CD8 ratios were depressed in the infected group by month 3.5 p.i. Proviral load was variable in the animals throughout the course of infection; plasma viremia was below the level of detection in all animals. Reduced litter sizes and increased fetal demise occurred in infected queens. Viral RNA, but not proviral DNA, was detected in representative placentas (14 of 14; 100%) and fetuses (12 of 14; 86%) collected from infected queens. However, maternal virological and hematological characteristics did not correlate either positively or negatively with reproductive outcome.
Boudreaux
Crystal E
CE
Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA.
Lockett
Nikki N
NN
Chemerys
Daniellé N
DN
Clay
Brittany T
BT
Scott
Veronica L
VL
Willeford
Bridget
B
Brown
Timothy
T
Coats
Karen S
KS
D000818:Animals; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D002415:Cats; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016181:Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
D012367:RNA, Viral