title: Successful outcome of sphincterotomy and 7 French pigtail stent insertion in the management of post-cholecystectomy bile leaks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is widely used to manage post-cholecystectomy bile leaks. However, the best endoscopic intervention remains controversial. We investigated the success of a 7 French double pigtail stent following sphincterotomy in the management of such bile leaks.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 1998 and June 2008, 48 patients were referred for ERCP for presumed post-cholecystectomy bile leaks. Leaks were confirmed at ERCP and managed by a combination of sphincterotomy and stent insertion unless contraindicated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bile duct cannulation was successful in 44 (91.7%) patients. A leak of the cystic duct was demonstrated in 19 (43.2%) patients, the duct of Luschka in 11 (25.0%), and the common hepatic duct in 5 (11.4%). Complete transection of the common bile duct occurred in 4 patients. The remaining patients had no cholangiographic evidence of a leak. Sphincterotomy was performed in 34 patients. A 7 French double pigtail plastic stent was placed in all 35 patients with cholangiographic evidence of a bile leak. No bile leaks were demonstrated at a follow-up of 8-16 weeks and all stents were removed successfully.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of sphincterotomy and insertion of a 7 French double pigtail stent results in excellent outcomes in the management of post-cholecystectomy bile leaks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, St. Luke's Hospital, Kilkenny, Ireland. fdonnellan77@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Fergal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Donnellan
authors.forename: Faisal
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zeb
authors.forename: Garry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Courtney
authors.forename: Abdur R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Aftab
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D004322:Drainage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult