Aqua lymphatic therapy in women who suffer from breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema: a randomized controlled study.
BACKGROUND
Lymphedema is an adverse effect of breast cancer surgery. Aqua lymphatic therapy (ALT) is a novel treatment for limb volume reduction.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to examine whether ALT is a safe method and whether there are differences in adherence, limb volume, and quality of life between women who perform only self-management treatment and women who participate as well in ALT.


METHODS
Design of the study was single-blind randomized clinical trial.


METHODS
The setting was in a hydrotherapy pool, 1.2 m depth, and a temperature of 32-33 degrees capital ES, Cyrillic.


METHODS
Forty-eight women (56 +/- 10 years), with a 12.8% lymphedema relative volume, participated in the study.


METHODS
The control group was instructed to perform the self-management treatment. The study group joined a weekly session of ALT for 3 months in addition to the self-management therapy.


METHODS
Adherence was assessed by a self-reported diary, limb volume by a water displacement device, quality of life by the Upper Limb Lymphedema Questionnaire (ULL27), prior to, and after the intervention period.


RESULTS
There was no episode of arm infection or aggravation in limb volume during the study period. ALT had a positive, statistically and clinically significant immediate effect on limb volume but no long-term effect was noted. The adherence rate to ALT was significantly higher than the adherence to self-management therapy. QOL improved in the study group.


CONCLUSIONS
ALT was found to be a safe method, with high adherence, in treating women who suffer from mild to moderate lymphedema. A significant immediate and insignificant long-term effect on limb volume was noted.
Tidhar
Dorit
D
Department of Physical Therapy, "Maccabi Healthcare Services", Netivot, Israel.
Katz-Leurer
Michal
M
D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006875:Hydrotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008209:Lymphedema / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008405:Massage / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011788:Quality of Life; D012648:Self Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome