title: Specific immuno capturing of the staphylococcal superantigen toxic-shock syndrome toxin-1 in plasma.
abstract: Toxic-shock syndrome is primarily caused by the Toxic-shock syndrome toxin 1 (TSST-1), which is secreted by the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. The toxin belongs to a family of superantigens (SAgs) which exhibit several shared biological properties, including the induction of massive cytokine release and V(beta)-specific T-cell proliferation. In this study we explored the possibility to use monoclonal Variable domains of Llama Heavy-chain antibodies (VHH) in the immuno capturing of TSST-1 from plasma. Data is presented that the selected VHHs are highly specific for TSST-1 and can be efficiently produced in large amounts in yeast. In view of affinity chromatography, the VHHs are easily coupled to beads, and are able to deplete TSST-1 from plasma at very low, for example, pathologically relevant, concentrations. When spiked with 4 ng/mL TSST-1 more than 96% of TSST-1 was depleted from pig plasma. These data pave the way to further explore application of high-affinity columns in the specific immuno depletion of SAgs in experimental sepsis models and in sepsis in humans.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, Department of Cellular Architecture and Dynamics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Brummelhuis
authors.forename: Bram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maassen
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: van Egmond
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Khattabi
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Detmers
authors.forename: Pim
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hermans
authors.forename: Branko
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Braam
authors.forename: Jord
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stam
authors.forename: Theo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Verrips
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002161:Camelids, New World; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity / Q000379:methods*; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018089:Superantigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D018089:Superantigens; C030107:enterotoxin F, Staphylococcal