title: Multicolor imaging of lymphatic function with two nanomaterials: quantum dot-labeled cancer cells and dendrimer-based optical agents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The lymphatics, critical conduits of metastases, are difficult to study because of their size and location. Two approaches to lymphatic imaging have been employed; cancer cell labeling provides information on cell migration and metastasis and macromolecular contrast agents enable visualization of the lymphatic drainage and identification of sentinel lymph node. Only one of these approaches is typically employed during an imaging examination. Here, we demonstrate the combined use of both approaches.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we simultaneously visualize migration of quantum dot-labeled melanoma cells and the lymphatics using optically labeled dendrimers in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The appropriate use of two nanomaterials, quantum dots and dendrimers, enabled the simultaneous tracking of cancer cells within draining lymphatics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This technique could enable better understanding of lymph node metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH Bldg. 10, Room 1B40, MSC 1088, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-1088, USA. kobayash@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Hisataka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Mikako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kosaka
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Choyke
authors.forename: Yasuteru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry; D050091:Dendrimers; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008220:Lymphography / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D045663:Quantum Dots
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D050091:Dendrimers