1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine improves cognitive decline by enhancing long-term depression.
1-Palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPhtCho) (1 microM) enhanced long-term depression (LTD), a synaptic plasticity relevant to learning and memory, in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices, where expression of the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit GluR1 on the plasma membrane was decreased. In the water maze test, oral administration with POPhtCho (5 mg/kg) significantly shortened the prolonged retention latency for rats intraperitoneally injected with scopolamine (1 mg/kg), while the acquisition latency was not affected. For humans with mild cognitive impairment and dementia (average of Mini Mental State Examination score, 18), oral intake with POPhtCho (300 mg/day, once after breakfast) everyday raised the score to over 20, corresponding to normal cognitive functions, throughout 6 months after intake. The results of the present study, thus, indicate that POPhtCho could ameliorate cognitive disorders, possibly by enhancing LTD.
Yaguchi
Takahiro
T
Division of Bioinformation, Department of Physiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
Nagata
Tetsu
T
Nishizaki
Tomoyuki
T
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D002491:Central Nervous System Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003704:Dementia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D036881:Long-Term Synaptic Depression / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000378:metabolism
D002491:Central Nervous System Agents; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; C104722:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2; C028694:1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine