title: Red mold dioscorea has a greater antihypertensive effect than traditional red mold rice in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the antihypertensive effects of red mold rice (RMR) and red mold dioscorea (RMD) by low-dose oral administration to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). A single oral dose of 1-fold RMD (150 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) after 8 h of administration, but RMR showed no significant effect. During the chronic oral administration of 1-fold RMR (150 mg/kg), 0.5-fold RMD, 1-fold RMD, and 5-fold RMD to SHRs for 8 weeks, the increase of blood pressure was slowed significantly. The results indicated that only a 0.5-fold dose of RMD was able to significantly decrease both SBP and DBP. A 1-fold RMD showed a greater antihypertensive effect than 1-fold RMR, and both RMR and RMD can improve the vascular elastin structure remodeling. In comparison to RMR, RMD contained a higher amount of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and anti-inflammatory yellow pigments (monascin and ankaflavin). Moreover, RMD also exhibited higher angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity than RMR. These results suggest that RMD has greater antihypertensive bioavailability.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Cheng-Lun
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chun-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tzu-Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D027742:Dioscorea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D032741:Monascus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts