title: Minute focus of prostate cancer on needle biopsy: correlation with radical prostatectomy specimen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the presence of a single minute neoplastic lesion defined as a lesion < or = 0.5 mm in length and Gleason score < or = 6 at biopsy is a reliable predictor of the presence of a potentially clinically insignificant carcinoma at radical prostatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched in our series of 151 consecutive patients submitted to radical retropubic prostatectomy from September 2003 to April 2007 for patients with a single minute focus of cancer at prostate biopsy. In all bioptic samples we calculated the total length of cores, length and percentage of neoplastic areas and Gleason grade. Total PSA and PSA density was obtained in all patients. Potentially clinically insignificant cancers at radical prostatectomy were defined as those with a tumor volume < or = 0.5 cc, Gleason score < or = 6 and organ confined disease. The clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with minute prostatic lesion were compared with other prostate cancers by using the 2-sample t-test and chi square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 18 (11.9%) patients the prostate biopsy showed a single neoplastic focus of < or = 0.5 mm in length and Gleason score of < or = 6. At definitive histological analysis of the RRP specimen only 5 patients (27.7%) presented a neoplasia potentially clinically insignificant. These patients on the preoperative criteria didn't show any statistically significant difference from the group with clinically significant neoplastic lesion at radical prostatectomy as far as prostate volume, total PSA, PSA density and total length of bioptic core.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The weak correspondence between the presence of neoplastic lesions of minimal entity at prostate biopsy and potentially clinical insignificant carcinoma at radical prostatectomy has also been confirmed by our data: only 30% of patients with a single minute focus of well differentiated prostate cancer at biopsy showed at definitive pathology a potentially clinically insignificant cancer. Moreover the parameters we considered as possible predictive factors of clinically insignificant carcinoma did not demonstrate to be reliable criteria in order to identify these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Italy. emanuele.montanari@unimi.it
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Montanari
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Nero
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gazzano
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mangiarotti
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cordima
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Itri
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen