Changes in body mass index, leptin and adiponectin in Japanese children during a three-year follow-up period: a population-based cohort study.
OBJECTIVE
The study examined changes in and relationship between body mass index (BMI), leptin and adiponectin levels over a 3-year period in a pediatric population-based cohort.


METHODS
A 3-year prospective cohort study of 268 boys and 251 girls aged 9-10 in Ina, Saitama, Japan.


RESULTS
Median body mass index (BMI) significantly increased from baseline (age 9-10) to follow up (age 12-13) in boys from 17.1 to 18.3 kg/m2 (P < 0.001) and in girls from 16.5 to 18.5 kg/m2 (P < 0.001), respectively. Adiponectin values significantly decreased from baseline to follow up in boys (13.5 to 8.9 microg/ml, respectively) (P < 0.001) and in girls (12.4 to 9.5 microg/ml, respectively) (P < 0.001). Leptin values at follow up significantly decreased from baseline in boys (4.9 to 2.3 ng/dl, respectively) (P < 0.001) and also in girls (5.3 to 5.1 ng/dl, respectively) (P = 0.049). A relatively strong correlation was seen in BMI (Spearman's correlation coefficient, r = 0.864, P < 0.001 in boys; r = 0.873, P < 0.001 in girls), adiponectin (r = 0.705, P < 0.001 in boys; r = 0.695, P < 0.001 in girls), and leptin (r = 0.449, P < 0.001 in boys; r = 0.610, P < 0.001 in girls) before and after the three-year period. The ratio of follow up to baseline BMI was negatively correlated with that for adiponectin (r = -0.224, P < 0.001 in boys; r = -0.165, P = 0.001 in girls) and positively correlated with that for leptin (r = 0.518, P < 0.001 in boys; r = 0.609, P < 0.001 in girls).


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that baseline adiponectin, leptin and BMI values measured at ages 9-10 correlated with those measured three years later. However, adiponectin values decreased and leptin values increased in those subjects whose BMI increased during over this period.
Nishimura
Rimei
R
Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. rimei@jikei.ac.jp
Sano
Hironari
H
Matsudaira
Toru
T
Morimoto
Aya
A
Miyashita
Yumi
Y
Shirasawa
Takako
T
Kokaze
Akatsuki
A
Tajima
Naoko
N
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D020738:Leptin