Increased incidence of leprosy following HAART initiation: a manifestation of the immune reconstitution disease.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted to determine whether the incidence of leprosy varied with the duration of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Between 1992 and 2006, seven cases of leprosy were observed. The incidence of leprosy in untreated patients was 0.7 per 1000 person-years, 13 per 1000 person-years in persons receiving HAART for more than 3 months and 0.9 per 1000 person-years for persons receiving HAART for more than 3 months. The adjusted hazard ratio was 18.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.6-217) with P = 0.02. In tropical areas where HAART is increasingly available, physicians should be aware of the possibility of incident leprosy shortly after HAART initiation.
Couppié
Pierre
P
Service de Dermatologie, Institut Guyanais de Dermatologie Tropicale, French Guiana.
Domergue
Valérie
V
Clyti
Emmanuel
E
El Guedj
Myriam
M
Vaz
Tania
T
Sainte-Marie
Dominique
D
Marty
Christian
C
Nacher
Mathieu
M
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D005616:French Guiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D007918:Leprosy / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male