title: The FOX transcription factors regulate vascular pathology, diabetes and Tregs.
abstract: A small number of upstream master genes in "higher hierarchy" controls the expression of a large number of downstream genes and integrates the signaling pathways underlying the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases with or without autoimmune inflammatory mechanisms. In this brief review, we organize our analysis of recent progress in characterization of forkhead (FOX) transcription factor family members in vascular pathology, diabetes and regulatory T cells into the following sections: (1) Overview of the FOX transcription factor superfamily; (2) Vascular pathology of mice deficient in FOX transcription factors; (3) Roles of FOX transcription factors in endothelial cell pathology; (4) Roles of FOX transcription factors in vascular smooth muscle cells; (5) Roles of FOX transcription factors in the pathogenesis of diabetes; and (6) Immune system phenotypes of mice deficient in FOX transcription factors. Advances in these areas suggest that the FOX transcription factor family plays important roles in vascular development and in the pathogenesis of autoimmune inflammatory cardiovascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Research Center, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. xfyang@temple.edu
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jan
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000502:physiology*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors