title: [Systolic pressure variation as an earlier hypovolemia indicator and a guide for volume replacement with hypertonic and hyperoncotic solution in dogs].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies have introduced a new method for preload evaluation based on systolic pressure variation analysis (SPV) during mechanical ventilation. This research aimed at evaluating whether SPV and its delta down derived (ddown) are earlier hypovolemia indicators and guides for volume replacement with hypertonic and hyperoncotic solutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve dogs were submitted to graded hemorrhage of 5% of their volume until reaching 20% of volume (14 ml.kg-1). Before (control) and after every hemorrhage, hemodynamic, ventilatory and blood parameters were evaluated. Then, dogs were submitted to volume replacement with 7.5% NaCl in 3.75% dextran 70 (SHD) (4 ml.kg-1), and the parameters were again evaluated 5 and 30 minutes after volume replacement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean blood pressure decreased during hemorrhage and increased after SHD infusion, however without returning to baseline values. Right atrium (RAP) and pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) decreased before and increased after volume replacement reaching values similar to baseline. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) decreased after the first hemorrhage and remained below baseline values even after volume replacement. Cardiac index has not changed, but increased after SHD infusion reaching values above baseline. Stroke volume index (SVI) decreased before, and increased after volume replacement reaching values above baseline. Systemic vascular and pulmonary resistance did not change during hemorrhage, but decreased after volume replacement, with SVRI remaining below baseline values and SVPRI in levels similar to baseline. Left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) and right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI) decreased before and increased after SHD infusion, with RVSWI remaining above baseline values and LVSWI in levels similar to baseline. SPV and ddown progressively increased during hemorrhage and decreased after volume replacement, however remaining above baseline values. Major SPV and ddown correlations were found with SVI, PWCP, RAP, PAP and LVSWI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In dogs under our experimental conditions, SPV and its derived ddown are early hypovolemia indicators and sensitive guides for volume replacement with hypertonic and hyperoncotic solutions.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil.
authors.forename: Odilar de
authors.initials: Od
authors.lastname: Paiva Filho
authors.forename: José Reinaldo Cerqueira
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Braz
authors.forename: Fredson de Paula E
authors.initials: Fde P
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Tiago Otávio
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Pedro
authors.forename: Paulo do
authors.initials: Pd
authors.lastname: Nascimento Júnior