title: In-session exposure tasks and therapeutic alliance across the treatment of childhood anxiety disorders.
abstract: The study examined the shape of therapeutic alliance using latent growth curve modeling and data from multiple informants (therapist, child, mother, father). Children (n = 86) with anxiety disorders were randomized to family-based cognitive-behavioral treatment (FCBT; N = 47) with exposure tasks or to family education, support, and attention (FESA; N = 39). Children in FCBT engaged in exposure tasks in Sessions 9-16, whereas FESA participants did not. Alliance growth curves of FCBT and FESA youths were compared to examine the impact of exposure tasks on the shape of the alliance (between-subjects). Within FCBT, the shape of alliance prior to exposure tasks was compared with the shape of alliance following exposure tasks (within-subjects). Therapist, child, mother, and father alliance ratings indicated significant growth in the alliance across treatment sessions. Initial alliance growth was steep and subsequently slowed over time, regardless of the use of exposure tasks. Data did not indicate a rupture in the therapeutic alliance following the introduction of in-session exposures. Results are discussed in relation to the processes, mediators, and ingredients of efficacious interventions as well as in terms of the dissemination of empirically supported treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA. pkendall@temple.edu
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Comer
authors.forename: Craig D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Marker
authors.forename: Torrey A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Creed
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Puliafico
authors.forename: Alicia A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Erin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suveg
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hudson
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005196:Family Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007171:Implosive Therapy; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011594:Psychometrics; D012944:Social Support