title: Investigation of BRAF and CTNNB1 activating mutations in adrenocortical tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Activating mutations of the BRAF oncogene play a central role in the development of various cancer types, but their role in human adrenocortical tumors is unknown. At variance, activating mutations of another oncogene, CTNNB1, which encodes beta-catenin, have been shown to be common events in both benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of BRAF and CTNNB1 activating mutations in sporadic adrenocortical tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue samples from 15 adrenocortical carcinomas and 41 adrenocortical adenomas were investigated for the presence of BRAF and CTNNB1 activating mutations by PCR amplification and direct sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An advanced invasive non-functioning adrenocortical carcinoma carried a somatic heterozygous BRAF V600E mutation, while 4 functioning and 4 non-functioning adenomas and 3 functioning carcinomas carried different CTNNB1 activating mutations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Activating BRAF somatic mutations may be occasionally found in advanced adrenocortical carcinomas, while CTNNB1 activating mutations are early and common events in adrenal tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology, Microbiology, and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Masi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lavezzo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iacobone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Favia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palù
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barzon
mesh_terms: D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D051176:beta Catenin; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf