title: Dynamic MRA with four-dimensional time-resolved angiography using keyhole at 3 tesla in head and neck vascular lesions.
abstract: Conventional MRA provides inadequate visualization of the dynamic features of blood flow in vascular lesions of the head and neck. Four-dimensional time-resolved angiography using keyhole (4D-TRAK) is a new technique of performing contrast-enhanced MRA. By combining parallel imaging with sensitivity encoding (SENSE) with the keyhole imaging technique and a high field strength (3 T) magnet, we have been able to obtain detailed hemodynamic information similar to that obtained via catheter angiography with digital subtraction (DSA), but without the risks associated with ionizing radiation exposure, iodizing contrast agents, or catheterization itself.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0302, USA. hparmar@umich.edu
authors.forename: Hemant
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Parmar
authors.forename: Marko K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ivancevic
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dudek
authors.forename: Dheeraj
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Suresh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mukherji
mesh_terms: D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006257:Head; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009333:Neck; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D019786:Gadolinium DTPA