title: Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy: case series and review of the literature.
abstract: Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy is becoming increasingly common at tertiary care hospitals around the world. It is a condition in which the embryo implants within the myometrium at the site of a previous cesarean hysterotomy, and it can occur in women with only one prior cesarean delivery. We present four cases of cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy diagnosed within a 6-month period between 2007 and 2008. Their initial presentations and management are discussed, followed by a review of the published literature summarizing both diagnostic and management recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06519, USA. homayoun99@post.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Homayoun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sadeghi
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rutherford
authors.forename: Beth W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Rackow
authors.forename: Katherine H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Christina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Duzyj
authors.forename: Marsha K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Guess
authors.forename: Pinar H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Kodaman
authors.forename: Errol R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Norwitz
mesh_terms: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D055357:Uterine Artery Embolization; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000020:Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D008727:Methotrexate