title: Does defense style or psychological mindedness predict treatement response in major depression?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to define the impact of defense style and psychological mindedness (PM) on the prognosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) in patients treated with either fluoxetine (FLX) or short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) in a randomized comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  50 patients with MDD received either STPP or FLX treatment for 16 weeks. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was the outcome measure completed at baseline and in the follow-ups at 4- and 12-months. Patients completed the Psychological Mindedness Scale (PMS) and the Defense Style Questionnaire at the baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the FLX group recovery measured by the decrease in the HDRS during the 4-month follow-up associated with baseline mature defense style (r=-.59, P=.015). There were no correlations between the PMS-scores and the outcome measures in either treatment groups nor defense status and the outcome in the STPP group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mature defense style predicts good response to FLX therapy in major depression. This association was not found in the psychotherapy group. The results may imply that patients with immature defenses benefit relatively more from brief psychotherapy than medication. PM measured by the PMS was not useful in predicting recovery in MDD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. kim.kronstrom@fimnet.fi
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kronström
authors.forename: Jouko K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Salminen
authors.forename: Jarmo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hietala
authors.forename: Jaana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kajander
authors.forename: Tero
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vahlberg
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Markkula
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rasi-Hakala
authors.forename: Hasse
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karlsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief / Q000379:methods*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005473:Fluoxetine; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors