title: Identification of glycosylated sites in Rapana hemocyanin by mass spectrometry and gene sequence, and their antiviral effect.
abstract: Molluscan hemocyanins (Hcs) have recently received particular interest due to their significant immunostimulatory properties. This is mainly related to their high carbohydrate content and specific monosaccharide composition. We have now analyzed the oligosaccharides and the carbohydrate linkage sites of the Rapana venosa hemocyanin (RvH) using different approaches. We analyzed a number of glycopeptides by LC/ESI-MS/MS and identified the sugar chains and peptide sequences of 12 glycopeptides. Additionally, the potential carbohydrate linkage sites of 2 functional units, RvH-b and RvH-c, were determined by gene sequence analysis. Only RvH-c shows a potential N-glycosylation site. During this study, we discovered a highly conserved linker-intron, separating the coding exons of RVH-b and RvH-c. Following reports on antiviral properties from arthropod hemocyanin, we conducted a preliminary study of the antiviral activity of RvH and the functional units RvH-b and RvH-c. We show that the glycosylated FU RvH-c has antiviral properties against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), whereas native RvH and the nonglycosylated FU RvH-b have not. This is the first report of the fact that also molluscan hemocyanin functional units possess antiviral activity.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 9 G. Bonchev St., Sofia 1113, Bulgaria. pda54@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Pavlina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dolashka-Angelova
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lieb
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Velkova
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Heilen
authors.forename: Koen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sandra
authors.forename: Lubomira
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nikolaeva-Glomb
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dolashki
authors.forename: Angel S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Galabov
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Beeumen
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stevanovic
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Voelter
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Devreese
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000737:chemistry*; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000032:analysis; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D014780:Viruses / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006020:Glycopeptides; D006433:Hemocyanins