title: Induction of reproductive deficits in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans exposed to metals at different developmental stages.
abstract: Few reports have examined the effects of metal exposure at larvae stages on reproduction in nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, an alternative model for chemical screening. In the present study, four metals (Pb, Hg, Cd, and Cr) were selected to investigate the effects that metal exposure has at different developmental stages (L1, L2, L3, L4, and young adult) on the reproduction of this test species. Larval nematodes were more sensitive to reproductive toxicity as demonstrated by altered brood size and generation time versus young adult nematodes. L1-larval nematodes showed the greatest susceptibility. Brood size was significantly correlated with concentrations of all examined metals, and generation time was correlated with concentrations of Pb and Hg. Hg exposure at the L1-larval stage induced the most severe reproductive toxicity among the examined metals; furthermore, the reproductive toxicities induced by 4h metal exposure at the L1-larval stage were largely comparable to those from 1d of metal exposure at the L4-larval stage. These results indicate that nematode reproduction is sensitive to adverse effects of several toxic metals at micromolar concentrations and specific developmental stages.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease in Ministry of Education, Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Southeast University Medical School, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Yuling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yichao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Dayong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D002712:Chlorides / Q000633:toxicity; D017608:Chromium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity; D008627:Mercuric Chloride / Q000633:toxicity; D008670:Metals / Q000633:toxicity*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000633:toxicity; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D017608:Chromium Compounds; D008670:Metals; D009566:Nitrates; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007854:Lead; D008627:Mercuric Chloride; C017461:lead nitrate; C017133:chromous chloride; D019256:Cadmium Chloride