title: Micropigmentation: tattooing for the treatment of lip vitiligo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitiligo of the lips is a common concern of great psychological consequence. Medical therapies are often ineffective mainly due to the absence of hair follicles. Tattooing implants pigment into the skin. For treatment of vitiligo, tattooing works best in the lip area, particularly in a dark skin.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness of medical tattooing for lip vitiligo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with localised stable lip vitiligo patients (10 women and 5 men; age range: 30-55 years; mean age: 42 years) from the outpatient department were included in the study. The period of follow-up was from 2 to 3 years. The procedure was performed under local anaesthesia on an outpatient basis, unless carried out in conjunction with other procedures. An electric tattooing machine with cluster needles was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cosmetically acceptable results were seen in all patients. In dark-complexioned patients, pigmentation was better as compared to fair subjects. No allergic reactions to the pigment or koebnerisation of the vitiligo were noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tattooing is relatively easy, safe and effective option for lip vitiligo. It is cosmetically more acceptable; sensations are well maintained and are generally devoid of any significant adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Chhatrapati Sahuji Maharaj Medical University (Formerly King George Medical University), Lucknow 226 003, Uttar Pradesh, India. singhkarun@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Arun K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Durga
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008047:Lip Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D013653:Tattooing; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*