Solid-state 13C NMR to assess organic matter transformation in a subsurface wetland under cheese-dairy farm effluents.
Solid-state (13)C NMR were used to follow organic matter transformation in a subsurface wetland under the effluent of a small cheese-dairy farm under a Mediterranean climate. The results showed that the ratios commonly used to quantify humification, (aromaticity and Alkyl-C/O-Alkyl-C ratios) can be considered as relevant chemical indicators of organic matter transformation. Polysaccharides were transformed throughout the subsurface wetland whereas aromatic, phenolic and alkyl compounds accumulated. Furthermore, Phenolic-C signal and O-Alkyl-C signal were negatively correlated to proteases and beta-galactosidase activities showing that recalcitrant molecules actually accumulated. These results were correlated with high purification yields: the average decrease in chemical demand in oxygen was 90.75% and that in Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen was 75.65%. Thus subsurface wetlands can be considered as an efficient technology to purify effluents with high organic matter contents, such as cheese-dairy effluent, under drastic climate conditions. Furthermore this study highlights the fact that solid-state (13)C NMR is a suitable tool to follow organic matter transformation.
Farnet
A M
AM
Equipe Ecologie Microbienne et Biotechnologies, Institut Méditerranéen d'Ecologie et de Paléoécologie, UMR CNRS 6116, Université Paul Cézanne, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de St Jérôme, Marseille Cedex 20, France. a-m.farnet@univ-cezanne.fr
Prudent
P
P
Ziarelli
F
F
Domeizel
M
M
Gros
R
R
D002611:Cheese; D003612:Dairying; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012621:Seasons; D013499:Surface Properties; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D053833:Wetlands
D009930:Organic Chemicals