title: Species-wide genetic variation and demographic history of Drosophila sechellia, a species lacking population structure.
abstract: Long-term persistence of species characterized by a reduced effective population size is still a matter of debate that would benefit from the description of new relevant biological models. The island endemic specialist Drosophila sechellia has received considerable attention in evolutionary genetic studies. On the basis of the analysis of a limited number of strains, a handful of studies have reported a strikingly depleted level of genetic variation but little is known about its demographic history. We extended analyses of nucleotide polymorphism in D. sechellia to a species-wide level using 10 nuclear genes sequenced in 10 populations. We confirmed that D. sechellia exhibits little nucleotide-sequence variation. It is characterized by a low effective population size, >10-fold lower than that of D. simulans, which ranks D. sechellia as the least genetically diverse Drosophila species. No obvious population subdivision was detected despite its fragmented geographic distribution on different islands. We used approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) to test for demographic scenarios compatible with the geological history of the Seychelles and the ecology of D. sechellia. We found that while bottlenecks cannot account for the pattern of molecular evolution observed in this species, scenarios close to the null hypothesis of a constant population size are well supported. We discuss these findings with regard to adaptive features specific to D. sechellia and its life-history strategy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Evolution, Génomes et Spéciation-UPR9034, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex and Université Paris-Sud 11, 91405 Orsay, France.
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Legrand
authors.forename: Maud I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Tenaillon
authors.forename: Pat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matyot
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gerlach
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lachaise
authors.forename: Marie-Louise
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cariou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013045:Species Specificity