Integrin function in T-cell homing to lymphoid and nonlymphoid sites: getting there and staying there.
The continuous recirculation of naive T cells and their subsequent migration to tissue following activation is crucial for maintaining protective immunity against invading pathogens. The preferential targeting of effector and memory T cells to tissue is instructed during priming and mediated by cell surface expressed adhesion receptors such as integrins. Integrins arc involved in nearly all aspects of T-cell life, including naive T-cell circulation, activation, and finally effector T-cell trafficking and localization. Recent research has revealed that microenvironmental factors present during T-cell priming result in the specific regulation of adhesion/integrin and chemokine receptor expression. Once antigen-experienced T cells enter tissue, further changes in integrin expression may occur that arc critical for T-cell localization, retention, effector function, and survival. This review discusses the function of integrin expression on T cells and the multiple roles integrins play on naive T cells and in directing effector T-cell trafficking to nonlymphoid sites in order to maintain protective adaptive immunity at body barriers.
Denucci
Christopher C
CC
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Mitchell
Jason S
JS
Shimizu
Yoji
Y
D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D054992:Immunological Synapses / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016023:Integrins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D016023:Integrins; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1