title: Postpartum mental health after Hurricane Katrina: a cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Natural disaster is often a cause of psychopathology, and women are vulnerable to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Depression is also common after a woman gives birth. However, no research has addressed postpartum women's mental health after natural disaster.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interviews were conducted in 2006-2007 with women who had been pregnant during or shortly after Hurricane Katrina. 292 New Orleans and Baton Rouge women were interviewed at delivery and 2 months postpartum. Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Depression Scale and PTSD using the Post-Traumatic Stress Checklist. Women were asked about their experience of the hurricane with questions addressing threat, illness, loss, and damage. Chi-square tests and log-binomial/Poisson models were used to calculate associations and relative risks (RR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Black women and women with less education were more likely to have had a serious experience of the hurricane. 18% of the sample met the criteria for depression and 13% for PTSD at two months postpartum. Feeling that one's life was in danger was associated with depression and PTSD, as were injury to a family member and severe impact on property. Overall, two or more severe experiences of the storm was associated with an increased risk for both depression (relative risk (RR) 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-2.89) and PTSD (RR 3.68, 95% CI 1.80-7.52).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postpartum women who experience natural disaster severely are at increased risk for mental health problems, but overall rates of depression and PTSD do not seem to be higher than in studies of the general population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA. eharvill@tulane.edu
authors.forename: Emily W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Harville
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pridjian
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elkind-Hirsch
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buekens
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D055867:Cyclonic Storms; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004190:Disasters; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008603:Mental Health; D011247:Pregnancy; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology*