title: ADAMTS-7, a direct target of PTHrP, adversely regulates endochondral bone growth by associating with and inactivating GEP growth factor.
abstract: ADAMTS-7, a metalloproteinase that belongs to ADAMTS family, is important for the degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix proteins in arthritis. Herein we report that ADAMTS-7 is upregulated during chondrocyte differentiation and demonstrates the temporal and spatial expression pattern during skeletal development. ADAMTS-7 potently inhibits chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral bone formation, and this inhibition depends on its proteolytic activity. The cysteine-rich domain of ADAMTS-7 is required for its interaction with the extracellular matrix, and the C-terminal four-thrombospondin motifs are necessary for its full proteolytic activity and inhibition of chondrocyte differentiation. ADAMTS-7 is an important target of canonical PTHrP signaling, since (i) PTHrP induces ADAMTS-7, (ii) ADAMTS-7 is downregulated in PTHrP null mutant (PTHrP-/-) growth plate chondrocytes, and (iii) blockage of ADAMTS-7 almost abolishes PTHrP-mediated inhibition of chondrocyte hypertrophy and endochondral bone growth. ADAMTS-7 associates with granulin-epithelin precursor (GEP), an autocrine growth factor that has been implicated in tissue regeneration, tumorigenesis, and inflammation. In addition, ADAMTS-7 acts as a new GEP convertase and neutralizes GEP-stimulated endochondral bone formation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that ADAMTS-7, a direct target of PTHrP signaling, negatively regulates endochondral bone formation by associating with and inactivating GEP chondrogenic growth factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 100031, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Da-Wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luan
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Henry M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kronenberg
authors.forename: Xiu-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Chuan-Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071118:ADAMTS7 Protein; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001846:Bone Development; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077153:Progranulins; D011485:Protein Binding; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D000077153:Progranulins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000071118:ADAMTS7 Protein; C121534:ADAMTS7 protein, human; C496264:Adamts7 protein, mouse