title: Correlates of intention to use condoms among Sub-Saharan African youth: the applicability of the theory of planned behaviour.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the applicability of an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour for the study of condom use intentions among large samples of young people in South Africa and Tanzania.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline data of a randomized controlled trial of school-based HIV/AIDS prevention programmes were used. The setting comprised secondary schools in the regions of Cape Town, Polokwane and Dar es Salaam. Participants were 15,782 secondary school students. The main measures were scales for intentions, knowledge, risk perceptions, attitudes, perceived social norms and perceived self-efficacy regarding condom use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven variables accounted for 77% of the variance in intentions to use condoms: attitudes (beta = 0.17), injunctive norms (beta = 0.27), self-efficacy (beta = 0.41), gender (lower condom use intentions among females), being a student at the Dar es Salaam site (lower scores than students in Cape Town and Polokwane), socioeconomic status (higher intentions with higher status), and access to condoms (higher intentions with higher access).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results are comparable to those of studies conducted in Europe and the USA. Social cognition models such as the theory of planned behaviour are applicable in understanding the correlates of condom use intentions in African contexts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Work & Social Psychology and Department of Health Education & Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. herman.schaalma@maastrichtuniversity.nl
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schaalma
authors.forename: Leif Edvard
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Aarø
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Flisher
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaaya
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onya
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ragnarson
authors.forename: Knut-Inge
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Klepp
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D017280:Condoms; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012574:Schools; D012736:Sex Education; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013636:Tanzania / Q000453:epidemiology