title: Thrice weekly warfarin administration in haemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Medication adherence in haemodialysis patients is often challenging due to a high pill burden, complex and dynamic medication regimens and limited patient self-interest in care. The purpose of this study was to investigate the time within target INR and safety profile of thrice weekly warfarin administration in haemodialysis patients with a clinical indication for anticoagulation and documented nonadherence to medications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven patients from two haemodialysis units in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, were recruited, and 17 patients were treated with thrice weekly warfarin and compared to 20 patients treated with daily warfarin therapy. The patients were followed for 1 year with weekly international normalized ratio (INR), dosage and adverse events recorded. The primary outcome was percentage of time with INR in target and sub (<1.5)- and supra (>4)-therapeutic INR. Adverse events were recorded in the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The thrice weekly group had a higher burden of comorbidity (Charlson comorbidity index of 6.35 +/- 1.77 versus 4.55 +/- 1.64, P = 0.003) compared to the daily dosage group. In the thrice weekly dosage group, time within target INR was higher (56.9 versus 49.3%, P = 0.008), and time with supra-therapeutic INR > 4 lower (2.7 versus 4.3%, P = 0.03). Total bleeding events (7 versus 6) and major bleeding events (3 versus 2 events) were similar between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this pilot study, thrice weekly warfarin appears to be a safe and feasible dosing strategy in a select patient population. A randomized controlled trial of thrice weekly warfarin is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Boniface General Hospital, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. msood@sbgh.mb.ca
authors.forename: Manish M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sood
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rigatto
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bueti
authors.forename: Cory
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Arjuna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: PonnamPalam
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reslerova
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sood
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Komenda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019934:International Normalized Ratio; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014859:Warfarin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin