title: Structural design principles for delivery of bioactive components in nutraceuticals and functional foods.
abstract: There have been major advances in the design and fabrication of structured delivery systems for the encapsulation of nutraceutical and functional food components. A wide variety of delivery systems is now available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages for particular applications. This review begins by discussing some of the major nutraceutical and functional food components that need to be delivered and highlights the main limitations to their current utilization within the food industry. It then discusses the principles underpinning the rational design of structured delivery systems: the structural characteristics of the building blocks; the nature of the forces holding these building blocks together; and, the different ways of assembling these building blocks into structured delivery systems. Finally, we review the major types of structured delivery systems that are currently available to food scientists: lipid-based (simple, multiple, multilayer, and solid lipid particle emulsions); surfactant-based (simple micelles, mixed micelles, vesicles, and microemulsions) and biopolymer-based (soluble complexes, coacervates, hydrogel droplets, and particles). For each type of delivery system we describe its preparation, properties, advantages, and limitations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. mcclements@foodsci.umass.edu
authors.forename: David Julian
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: McClements
authors.forename: Eric Andrew
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.forename: Yeonhwa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weiss
mesh_terms: D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015195:Drug Design; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions; D005524:Food Technology / Q000379:methods*; D058870:Food, Organic; D006801:Humans; D008823:Micelles; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D008823:Micelles