title: Simulation of the transfer and fate of HCHs since the 1950s in Lanzhou, China.
abstract: A level IV fugacity model is described and illustrated by application to the fate of alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) in the Lanzhou area over a 60-year period from their introduction into the agricultural field until 2019. The established model is successfully applied to simulate the transfer processes and the concentration distribution of HCHs under non-steady-state assumptions in four environmental compartments in the Lanzhou area: soil, air, water, and sediment. Furthermore, the calculated results agree well with monitoring data from the literature in the same period of time. We assume that 40% of the total use of HCHs isomers enters into the air and 60% enters the soil. The results indicate that the main source of HCHs in the area is agricultural applications; the biggest bulk sink is soil (accounting for 99.6% of total amount in the environment). Among all the transfer processes, the deposition and the diffusion at the air-soil and air-water interfaces are the primary processes, and degradation in soil and air is the key process of HCH disappearance.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
authors.forename: Jiyuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Shigong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huanju
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Minquan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D002681:China; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D007536:Isomerism; D008956:Models, Chemical
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane