title: In vitro studies of anticandidal activity of goniothalamin enantiomers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The antifungal activity of (R)-goniothalamin (1) and (S)-goniothalamin (ent-1) was evaluated against six Candida species. The in vitro effect of these compounds on yeast adhesion to human buccal epithelial cells (BEC) and Candida albicans and C. dubliniensis biofilms progression were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Yeast susceptibility was evaluated by broth microdilution assay and showed that ent-1 exhibited higher potency against all fungal clinical isolated when compared to compound 1. Compounds 1 and ent-1 were as potent as fluconazole in inhibiting the adhesion of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis to BEC. XTT-reducing assay and scanning electron microscopy revealed that 1 and ent-1 were twice as potent as fluconazole in the inhibition of yeast biofilms progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that compounds 1 and ent-1 are potent anticandidal agents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights goniothalamin enantiomers as promising lead compounds for the design of new antifungal with inhibitory activity on yeast adhesion and biofilm progression.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, UFMG, Av. Pres. Antonio Carlos, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, MG 31270-901, Brazil.
authors.forename: C V B
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Resende
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: T F F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Modolo
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pilli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Fátima
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D011753:Pyrones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011753:Pyrones; C103280:goniothalamin