title: Role of platelet-derived growth factor in airway remodeling in rhinosinusitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in the pathogenesis of rhinosinusitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nasal mucosa and polyps were obtained during surgery in patients with allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) without asthma, and CRS with asthma. PDGF concentrations in nasal discharge were measured, and the histological distribution and expression levels of mRNA for PDGF and PDGF receptors were examined. PDGF-producing cells were determined by double-staining for PDGF and CD68 or major basic protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentration of PDGF was significantly higher in CRS with asthma. An immunohistochemical study showed that PDGF was localized in epithelial cells, gland cells, vascular endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells. Expression of PDGF increased in epithelial cells in all three diseases, in macrophages in CRS without asthma, and eosinophils in CRS with asthma, and PDGF receptors were detected in epithelial cells and submucosal fibroblasts. Increased expression of PDGF mRNA was found in CRS with asthma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that PDGF is produced by macrophages, eosinophils, and epithelial cells in rhinosinusitis and that it acts on receptors in epithelial cells and fibroblasts. PGDF may be an important cytokine in the pathogenesis of rhinosinusitis by promoting tissue fibrosis and formation of nasal polyps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan. hkohzaki@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kouzaki
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Owaki
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000378:metabolism; D000077214:Becaplermin; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000378:metabolism; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C075278:platelet-derived growth factor A; D000077214:Becaplermin