title: Use of the Triage Stroke Panel in a neurologic emergency service.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute stroke is associated with serum elevations of numerous markers. We evaluated the additive accuracy of the Triage Stroke Panel (D-dimer, B-natriuretic peptide, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and S-100beta) to the triaging nurse for acute stroke diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with suspected stroke were included in this prospective, controlled, single-center study. A well-trained stroke center triage nurse assigned a probability that the patient had experienced a stroke (certain, very probable, probable, not likely, doubtful, or other); then, the Triage Stroke Panel testing was performed. Patients' diagnosis was based on clinical and imaging data by a neurologist blinded to the test results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred four patients were evaluated. Confirmed strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) were observed in 131 patients. When considering an experienced stroke nurse's assessment of "other," "doubtful," or "not likely" to be negative for stroke and categorizing TIA with stroke, the stroke panel's Multimarker Index (MMX) value had identical accuracy (approximately 70%) and equivalent sensitivity (approximately 94%) and specificity (approximately 24%) for stroke diagnosis to that of the nurse. Combining nurse assessment with the MMX result significantly improved the specificity of diagnosing "mimic" vs stroke + TIA from 25.4% (nurse assessment only) to 46.0% (nurse assessment + MMX; P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Triage Stroke Panel provides objective information that complements a triage nurse in the assessment of a suspected stroke patient. Its performance compares favorably with that of a well-trained stroke center triage nurse, suggesting potential use in nonexpert centers for improving the accuracy of stroke diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Bordeaux University Hospital, France. igor.sibon@chu-bordeaux.fr
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sibon
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rouanet
authors.forename: Wassilios
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meissner
authors.forename: Jean Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Orgogozo
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000451:nursing; D014218:Triage / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9