Davilla elliptica and Davilla nitida: gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory immunomodulatory and anti-Helicobacter pylori action.
BACKGROUND
Davilla elliptica and Davilla nitida are species commonly found in the Brazilian Cerrado biome.


OBJECTIVE
Based on ethnopharmacological and phytochemical analyses, methanolic extracts from leaves of Davilla elliptica (EDE) and Davilla nitida (EDN) were evaluated for their anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, immunological and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities.


METHODS
The gastroprotective action of both extracts was evaluated in rodent experimental models (HCl/ethanol, ethanol or NSAID). We also evaluated anti-inflammatory (carrageenin-induced rat hind paw edema), immunomodulatory (murine peritoneal macrophages) and antibacterial action of both extracts against a standard strain of Helicobacter pylori.


RESULTS
EDE and EDN (500 mg/kg) were able to protect gastric mucosa against HCl/ethanol solution (EDE 63%; EDN 59%), absolute ethanol (EDE 95%; EDN 88%), and also against injurious effect of NSAID (EDE 77%; EDN 67%). When EDE and EDN were challenged with sulfhydryl depleter compound, the gastroprotective action of both extracts was completely abolished. EDE had gastroprotective effect related to increase of glutathione bioavailability and stimulated higher levels of NO, H2O2 and TNF-alpha production. Otherwise EDN showed better anti-Helicobacter pylori action than EDE. Neither extracts presented anti-inflammatory activity by oral route.


CONCLUSIONS
The phytochemical investigation showed that both extracts possess phenolic acid derivatives, acylglycoflavonoids and condensed tannins with evident quantitative variations that probably influenced the pharmacological differences between extracts.
Kushima
Hélio
H
Physiology Department, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University, C.P. 510, 18618-000 UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Nishijima
Catarine Massucato
CM
Rodrigues
Clenilson Martins
CM
Rinaldo
Daniel
D
Sassá
Micheli Fernanda
MF
Bauab
Taís Maria
TM
Stasi
Luiz Claudio Di
LC
Carlos
Iracilda Zeppone
IZ
Brito
Alba Regina Monteiro Souza
AR
Vilegas
Wagner
W
Hiruma-Lima
Clélia Akiko
CA
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045466:Dilleniaceae; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D000431:Ethanol; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects*; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000431:Ethanol; D005978:Glutathione; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid