title: More than a pain in the neck: how discussing chronic pain affects hypertension medication intensification.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A difficult to manage comorbid condition, like chronic pain, could adversely affect the delivery of recommended care for other serious health problems, such as hypertension.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined whether addressing pain at a primary care visit acts as a competing demand in decisions to intensify blood pressure (BP) medications for diabetic patients with an elevated BP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  1,169 diabetic patients with a BP > or = 140/90 prior to a primary care provider (PCP) visit were enrolled.
  
  
  METHODS
  After the visit, PCPs provided information about the top three issues discussed and whether hypertension medications were intensified or reasons for not intensifying. We used multi-level logistic regression to assess whether discussing pain during the visit decreased the likelihood of BP medication intensification. We calculated predicted probabilities of medication intensification by whether pain was discussed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCPs discussed pain during 222 (20%) of the visits. Visit BP did not differ between patients with whom pain was and was not discussed. BP medications were intensified during 44% of the visits. The predicted probability of BP medication intensification when pain was discussed was significantly lower than when pain was not discussed (35% vs. 46%, p = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Discussing pain at a primary care visit competed with the intensification of BP medication. This finding is concerning given that controlling blood pressure may be the most important factor in decreasing long-term complications for patients with diabetes. Better care management models for complex patients are needed to ensure that both pain and other chronic conditions are adequately addressed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs Health Services Research and Development Center of Excellence, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. skrein@umich.edu
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Krein
authors.forename: Timothy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Holleman
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Piette
authors.forename: Mandi L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Klamerus
authors.forename: Eve A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kerr
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents