title: Pharmacologic advances in canine and feline reproduction.
abstract: Substantial improvements in therapeutic options for companion animal reproduction and gynecologic emergencies have been made over the last decade. New, alternative drug treatments, with fewer side effects and improved efficacy, are available. This has widened the spectrum of therapeutic possibilities for diseases that were previously treated only by surgical intervention. New drugs are available for estrus induction and pregnancy termination, as well as for the treatment of pyometra. This review summarizes the pharmacology and toxicology of reproductive agents currently in use for contraception, pyometra, dystocia, eclampsia, premature labor, agalactia, mastitis, metritis, and prostatic disorders, and compares their efficacy and safety with newer agents. Drug use and exposure during pregnancy and lactation, and subsequent risks to the fetuses, are also explored, with emphasis on antimicrobials, antifungals, anthelminthics, anesthetics, and vaccinations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. vjwiebe@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Valerie J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Wiebe
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000019:Abortifacient Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000139:chemically induced; D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002415:Cats / Q000502:physiology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology; D004971:Estrus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010409:Penile Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011469:Prostatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000019:Abortifacient Agents