title: Predicting success and long-term outcomes of percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty: a multifactorial score.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) success depends on appropriate patient selection. A multifactorial score derived from clinical, anatomic/echocardiographic, and hemodynamic variables would predict procedural success and clinical outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic data, echocardiographic parameters (including echocardiographic score), and procedure-related variables were recorded in 1085 consecutive PMVs. Long-term clinical follow-up (death, mitral valve replacement, redo PMV) was performed. Multivariate regression analysis of the first 800 procedures was performed to identify independent predictors of procedural success. Significant variables were formulated into a risk score and validated prospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six independent predictors of PMV success were identified: age less than 55 years, New York Heart Association classes I and II, pre-PMV mitral area of 1 cm(2) or greater, pre-PMV mitral regurgitation grade less than 2, echocardiographic score of 8 or greater, and male sex. A score was constructed from the arithmetic sum of variables present per patient. Procedural success rates increased incrementally with increasing score (0% for 0/6, 39.7% for 1/6, 54.4% for 2/6, 77.3% for 3/6, 85.7% for 4/6, 95% for 5/6, and 100% for 6/6; P < .001). In a validation cohort (n = 285 procedures), the multifactorial score remained a significant predictor of PMV success (P < .001). Comparison between the new score and the echocardiographic score confirmed that the new index was more sensitive and specific (P < .001). This new score also predicts long-term outcomes (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical, anatomic, and hemodynamic variables predict PMV success and clinical outcome and may be formulated in a scoring system that would help to identify the best candidates for PMV.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. i-cruz@secardiologia.es
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cruz-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Ledesma
authors.forename: Pedro L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martin-Moreiras
authors.forename: Hani
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jneid
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rengifo-Moreno
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Inglessis-Azuaje
authors.forename: Andrew O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Maree
authors.forename: Igor F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Palacios
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D002404:Catheterization; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography