title: Effects of atrazine and fenoxaprop-ethyl on capacitation and the acrosomal reaction in boar sperm.
abstract: Atrazine is a herbicide of the chloro-s-triazine family. It inhibits photosynthesis in plants and is an endocrine disruptor, but its effects on human health are controversial. Fenoxaprop-ethyl, an aryloxy phenoxyalkanoic acid herbicide, inhibits the biosynthesis of fatty acids and provokes depolarization of membranes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro effects of both herbicides on capacitation, spontaneous acrosome reaction (SAR) and progesterone-induced acrosome reaction (PIAR) in boar sperm. Sperm capacitation is done in TALP-HEPES media for 4 hours. Capacitation and SAR are evaluated immediately; PIAR, 30 minutes later. LC50 for fenoxaprop-ethyl is 60 micromolar [corrected] and 40 micromolar [corrected] for atrazine. Fenoxaprop-ethyl induces capacitation at 60 micromolar [corrected] and SAR at all concentrations, also increases significantly PIAR. Atrazine decreased capacitation whereas increase significantly SAR and PIAR at all concentrations. It seems that fenoxaprop-ethyl and atrazine accelerate the capacitation and the acrosomal reaction, possibly via plasma membrane destabilization.
authors.affiliation: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, San Rafael Atlixco 186, Iztapalapa, DF, CP 09340, México.
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maravilla-Galván
authors.forename: Reyna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fierro
authors.forename: Humberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: González-Márquez
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gómez-Arroyo
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Betancourt
mesh_terms: D020101:Acrosome Reaction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001280:Atrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D011372:Progestins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011422:Propionates / Q000633:toxicity*; D013075:Sperm Capacitation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D010080:Oxazoles; D011372:Progestins; D011422:Propionates; D011374:Progesterone; C416661:fenoxaprop ethyl; D001280:Atrazine