title: Antibody response to an eight-site intradermal rabies vaccination in patients infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the rabies virus neutralizing antibody response in HIV-1-infected patients with CD4+ cell count <or=200 cells/microL or >200 cells/microL after post-exposure prophylaxis using an eight-site intradermal rabies vaccination regimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective cohort study, 27 HIV-1 infected patients were recruited, none of which had a history of rabies vaccination. All patients provided informed consent and were separated into two groups according to their CD4+ cell count (patients with CD4+ counts of <or=200 cells/microL and patients with CD4+ counts of >200 cells/microL). All patients received Purified Chick Embryo Cell rabies Vaccine (PCECV) using a modified eight-site regimen in which 0.1 mL of vaccine was injected intradermally on each of days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 30 (8-8-8-8-8). CD4+ cell counts, HIV-1 viral load and rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNAb) concentrations as determined by the Rapid Fluorescent Focus Inhibition Test (RFFIT) were evaluated on blood samples taken on days 0, 3, 7, 14, 30, 90, 180 and 365 after vaccination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 27 patients included in the study, 18 patients (67%) had CD4+ cell counts of >200 cells/microL and 9 patients (33%) had CD4+ counts of <or=200 cells/microL. No patients had detectable RVNAb concentrations on day 0. By day 14, all patients had adequate RVNAb concentrations (>or=0.5 IU/mL). There was no statistically significant difference in RVNAb concentrations between the two groups on days 3, 7, 14, 30, 90, 180 and 365 after vaccination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCECV is immunogenic in HIV-1-infected patients with CD4+ cell counts below 200 cells/microL when administered in a modified eight-site intradermal PEP regimen.
authors.affiliation: Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. sirikwin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Siriwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sirikwin
authors.forename: Sirirat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Likanonsakul
authors.forename: Simakan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waradejwinyoo
authors.forename: Sirima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pattamadilok
authors.forename: Sanit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumperasart
authors.forename: Achara
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaovavanich
authors.forename: Sathaporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manatsathit
authors.forename: Claudius
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malerczyk
authors.forename: Chantapong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wasi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011818:Rabies / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011819:Rabies Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D011819:Rabies Vaccines