title: Three-step versus "see-and-treat" approach in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in a low-resource country.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the frequency of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or greater in women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), and to evaluate whether colposcopically-directed biopsy is a necessary procedure for managing HSIL in a low-resource country.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was undertaken of women with HSIL on a Pap smear.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 348 women who had undergone colposcopically-directed biopsies and loop electrosurgical excisional procedure (LEEP), 321 (92.2%) had CIN 2 or greater. Of these, 279 were diagnosed with CIN 2 or greater on biopsy as were 264 on LEEP. The lesions in women who had CIN 2, satisfactory colposcopy, and more biopsies were more likely to be completely excised by biopsy. The mean length of time between the initial Pap smear and LEEP was significantly longer than between the initial Pap smear and biopsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with HSIL can be effectively managed using the see-and-treat approach in a low-resource country owing to the frequency of CIN 2 or greater.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. lizhigang200805@163.com
authors.forename: Zhi Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: De Ying
authors.initials: de Y
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Jian Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cen
authors.forename: Guan Di
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yan Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Shu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003127:Colposcopy; D003906:Developing Countries; D004598:Electrosurgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*