title: Impact of thymidine phosphorylase-expressing macrophages for surgical margin in partial nephrectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the relationship between the surgical margin in partial nephrectomy (PN) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP)-expressing macrophages in peritumoral tissue of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 46 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy, we measured TP protein levels in tumor tissue, peritumoral tissue and normal tissue, and conducted immunohistochemical staining for TP and macrophages. In addition, we prospectively conducted PN with a 5-mm margin in 11 patients with pT1a RCC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TP protein level and TP-positive macrophages were correlated with T classification, histological grade, mode of infiltration and venous invasion. However, for pT1 RCC, TP-positive macrophages in pT1a were significantly lower than in pT1b (p = 0.0140), while there was no significant difference in TP protein levels between pT1a and pT1b. No surgical margin was positive in 11 patients who underwent PN with a 5-mm margin, and no patient had local recurrence or distant metastasis during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TP protein level and TP-positive macrophages in the peritumor area are thought to be associated with tumor progression in RCC, while a similar relationship was not found in pT1a RCC. These data suggest that a 5-mm margin might be safe to reduce the risk of local recurrence when PN is performed for treatment of solitary pT1a RCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Hongming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Fumitake
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furuse
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mugiya
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ushiyama
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozono
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D013939:Thymidine Phosphorylase / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D013939:Thymidine Phosphorylase