title: A novel medium for the enhanced production of cyclosporin A by Tolypocladium inflatum MTCC 557 using solid state fermentation.
abstract: Cyclosporin A (CyA) produced by Tolypocladium inflatum is a promising drug owing to its immunosuppressive and antifungal activities. From an industrial point of view, the necessity to obtain a suitable and economic medium for higher production of CyA was the aim of this work. The present study evaluated the effect of different fermentation parameters in solid state fermentation, such as selection of solid substrate, hydrolysis of substrates, initial moisture content, supplementation of salts, additional carbon, and nitrogen sources, as well as the inoculum age and size, on production of CyA by Tolypocladium inflatum MTCC 557. The fermentation was carried out at 25+/-2 degrees for 9 days. A combination of hydrolyzed wheat bran flour and coconut oil cake (1:1) at 70% initial moisture content supported a maximum production of 3,872+/-156 mg CyA/kg substrate as compared with 792+/-33 mg/kg substrate before optimization. Furthermore, supplementation of salts, glycerol (1%w/w), and ammonium sulfate (1%w/w) increased the production of CyA to 5,454+75 mg/kg substrate. Inoculation of 5 g of solid substrate with 6 ml of 72-h-old seed culture resulted in a maximum production of 6,480+95 mg CyA/kg substrate.
authors.affiliation: Food Engineering and Technology Department, Institute of Chemical Technology, University of Mumbai, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India.
authors.forename: Shrikant A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Survase
authors.forename: Nikhil S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Shaligram
authors.forename: Ruchir C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Pansuriya
authors.forename: Uday S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Annapure
authors.forename: Rekha S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Singhal
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002967:Claviceps / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074263:Coconut Oil; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012492:Salts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010938:Plant Oils; D012492:Salts; D002244:Carbon; D016572:Cyclosporine; D009584:Nitrogen; D000074263:Coconut Oil