title: Erythromycin-induced CXCR4 expression on microvascular endothelial cells.
abstract: Although stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) via its cognate receptor CXCR4 is assumed to play a critical role in migration of endothelial cells during new vessel formation after tissue injury, CXCR4 expression on endothelial cells is strictly regulated. Erythromycin (EM), a 14-membered ring macrolide, has an anti-inflammatory effect that may account for its clinical benefit in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases. However, the effects of EM on endothelial cells and especially their expression of CXCR4 have not been fully evaluated. In this study, we demonstrated that EM markedly induced CXCR4 surface expression on microvascular endothelial cells in vitro and lung capillary endothelial cells in vivo. This ability to induce CXCR4 surface expression on endothelial cells was restricted to 14-membered ring macrolides and was not observed in other antibiotics including a 16-membered ring macrolide, josamycin. Furthermore, this EM-induced expression of CXCR4 on endothelial cells was functionally significant as demonstrated by chemotaxis assays in vitro. These findings suggest that EM-induced CXCR4 surface expression on endothelial cells may promote migration of CXCR4-expressing endothelial cells into sites of tissue injury, which may be associated with the known anti-inflammatory activity of this macrolide.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya Univ. Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Naozumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Sem H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Harunori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Yuta
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawabe
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimokata
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000494:pharmacology; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D055806:Microvessels / Q000166:cytology*; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D004917:Erythromycin