title: Transfer of glyphosate and its degradate AMPA to surface waters through urban sewerage systems.
abstract: A study of glyphosate and aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA) transfer in the Orge watershed (France) was carried out during 2007 and 2008. Water samples were collected in surface water, wastewater sewer, storm sewer and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). These two molecules appeared to be the most frequently detected ones in the rivers and usually exceeded the European quality standard concentrations of 0.1microg L(-1) for drinking water. The annual glyphosate estimated load was 1.9 kg year(-1) upstream (agricultural zone) and 179.5 kg year(-1) at the catchment outlet (urban zone). This result suggests that the contamination of this basin by glyphosate is essentially from urban origin (road and railway applications). Glyphosate reached surface water prevalently through storm sewer during rainfall event. Maximum concentrations were detected in storm sewer just after a rainfall event (75-90 microg L(-1)). High concentrations of glyphosate in surface water during rainfall events reflected urban runoff impact. AMPA was always detected in the sewerage system. This molecule reached surface water mainly via WWTP effluent and also through storm sewer. Variations in concentrations of AMPA during hydrological episodes were minor compared to glyphosate variations. Our study highlights that AMPA and glyphosate origins in urban area are different. During dry period, detergent degradation seemed to be the major AMPA source in wastewater.
authors.affiliation: EPHE-UMR Sisyphe, UPMC, Paris, France. fabrizio.botta@upmc.fr
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Botta
authors.forename: Gwenaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lavison
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Couturier
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alliot
authors.forename: Elodie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moreau-Guigon
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fauchon
authors.forename: Bénédicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guery
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chevreuil
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Blanchoud
mesh_terms: D002947:Cities; D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011891:Rain / Q000737:chemistry; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D005998:Glycine; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D012722:Sewage; D014867:Water; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000097797:Glyphosate; C036423:1-aminomethylphosphonic acid