title: Phase 1 first-in-human clinical study of S-trans,trans-farnesylthiosalicylic acid (salirasib) in patients with solid tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This phase I first-in-human trial evaluated salirasib, an S-prenyl derivative of thiosalicylic acid that competitively blocks RAS signaling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with advanced cancers received salirasib twice daily for 21 days every 4 weeks. Doses were escalated from 100 to 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common toxicity was dose-related diarrhea (Grade 1-2, 79% of 24 patients). Other toxicities included abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. No Grade 3-4 toxicity was noted. Nineteen (79%) patients had no drug-related toxicity >Grade 1. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was not reached, but all three patients treated with 800 mg experienced Grade 1-2 diarrhea, brogating dose escalation. Six patients were treated at a dose of 600 mg with no DLTs. Seven (29%) patients had stable disease on salirasib for ≥4 months (range 4-23+). The salirasib pharmacokinetic profile was characterized by slow absorption and a rapid elimination phase following oral administration. Salirasib exposure (C(max); day 1 AUC(inf) vs. day 15 AUC(0-12 h)) was similar between days 1 and 15 (P > 0.05). The T(1/2) (mean ± SD) was 3.6 ± 2.2 h on day 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salirasib therapy was well tolerated. The recommended dose for phase II studies is 600 mg twice daily.
authors.affiliation: Phase I Program, Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA. atsimber@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Apostolia Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tsimberidou
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rudek
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Chaan S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goldsweig
authors.forename: Razelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurzrock
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005204:Farnesol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012459:Salicylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012459:Salicylates; C093323:farnesylthiosalicylic acid; D005204:Farnesol