title: Increased plasma interleukin-1 receptor antagonist levels in men with visceral obesity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adipose tissue (AT) is an important source of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). Its expression is markedly increased in obesity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify the associations of IL-1Ra with body fat distribution as well as to examine the respective contributions of IL-1Ra and visceral adiposity to the variation in some cardiometabolic risk (CMR) markers. Plasma IL-1Ra levels were measured in a sample of 117 healthy non-diabetic men (age: 44.9+/-10.1 years; body mass index (BMI): 28.8+/-4.5 kg/m(2)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma IL-1Ra levels correlated positively with BMI, waist girth, and visceral and subcutaneous AT (0.39 < or = r<0.48; P < 0.0001). Multiple regression analyses revealed that visceral AT was the best independent predictor of IL-1Ra levels, explaining 22% (P < 0.0001) of its variance. IL-1Ra (P < 0.05) was an independent predictor of several CMR markers including triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio, glucose and insulin concentrations in response to a 75 g oral glucose load, and fasting insulin levels, in addition to the expected contribution of visceral AT (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that elevated IL-1Ra concentrations are influenced to a greater extent by visceral than subcutaneous adiposity and that IL-1Ra is independently related to some features of CMR beyond the known contribution of visceral adiposity.
authors.affiliation: Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec, 2725 chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cartier
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergeron
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alméras
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tremblay
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Després
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D044882:Glucose Metabolism Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000097:blood*; D052439:Lipid Metabolism Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein