title: Abdominal actinomycosis after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a rare complication of bile spillage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Abdominal actinomycosis has not been reported after elective cholecystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report and review of the pertinent English-language literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 69-year-old man with abdominal actinomycosis presented with an abdominal mass mimicking a malignant tumor two years after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Investigation revealed the likely source of infection to be bile spillage during surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first reported case of abdominal actinomycosis probably attributable to bile spillage during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94121, USA.
authors.forename: Doruk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ozgediz
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Carlos U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Corvera
mesh_terms: D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D000368:Aged; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D011860:Radiography, Abdominal; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology*