title: Association of genital mycoplasmas including Mycoplasma genitalium in HIV infected men with nongonococcal urethritis attending STD & HIV clinics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) is one of the commonest sexually transmitted infections affecting men. The role of genital mycoplasmas including Mycoplasma genitalium in HIV infected men with NGU is still not known. The aim of this study was to determine the isolation pattern/detection of genital mycoplasma including M. genitalium in HIV infected men with NGU and to compare it with non HIV infected individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred male patients with NGU (70 HIV positive, 30 HIV negative) were included in the study. Urethral swabs and urine samples obtained from patients were subjected to semi-quantitative culture for Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasama urealyticum, whereas M. genitalium was detected by PCR from urine. The primers MgPa1 and MgPa3 were selected to identify 289 bp product specific for M. genitalium. Chalmydia trachomatis antigen detection was carried out by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  M. genitalium and M. hominis were detected/isolated in 6 per cent of the cases. M. genitalium was more common amongst HIV positive cases (7.1%) as compared to HIV negative cases (3.3%) but difference was not statistically significant. Co-infection of C. trachomatis and U. urealyticum was found in two HIV positive cases whereas, C. trachomatis and M. hominis were found to be coinfecting only one HIV positive individual. M. genitalium was found to be infecting the patients as the sole pathogen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with NGU had almost equal risk of being infected with M. genitalium, U. urealyticum or M. hominis irrespective of their HIV status. M.genitalium constitutes one of the important causes of NGU besides other genital mycoplasmas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Ashwini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manhas
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.forename: Meera
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wanchu
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kanwar
authors.forename: Karamjit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Mehta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D045704:Mycoplasma genitalium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D016990:Ureaplasma urealyticum; D014526:Urethritis / Q000453:epidemiology*