title: Current technique of open intrafascial nerve-sparing retropubic prostatectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Open nerve-sparing retropubic prostatectomy (nsRP) is still the most common surgical approach for the treatment of localised prostate cancer. Even though the principles of the technique and its oncological efficacy have often been published, ongoing refinements allow further improvements in functional outcome and morbidity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe our current technique of open nsRP with data addressing urinary continence, potency, cancer control rates, and perioperative morbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our analyses relied on 1150 patients who were treated with nsRP in the Martini-Clinic by two high-volume surgeons from April 2005 to December 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  Key elements are a selective ligation of the dorsal vein complex and early release of the neurovascular bundles using a high anterior tension- and energy-free intrafascial technique. During dissection of the urethra, its posterior insertion at Denonvilliers' fascia (DF) is preserved. DF is left in situ, and it is selectively opened above the seminal vesicles (SV). The SV are completely removed inside DF, and five muscle-sparing interrupted sutures are used for anastomosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional and oncological outcome data were prospectively assessed using validated questionnaires. Moreover, intra- and perioperative morbidity were evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age and extent of nerve-sparing approach influenced urinary continence and potency. Complete urinary continence 1 yr after nsRP was found in 97.4% (men <60 yr) to 84.1% (men >70 yr) of patients. In preoperative potent men, erections sufficient for intercourse were reported between 84-92% and 58.3-70% of patients following bilateral and unilateral nerve sparing, respectively. Median blood loss was 580 ml (range: 130-1800 ml), and the transfusion rate was 4.3%. Median operative time was 165 min (range: 85-210 min). In organ-confined cancers, recurrence-free survival and cancer-specific-survival 10 yr after retropubic prostatectomy were 87% and 98.3%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Open intrafascial nsRP combines excellent long-term cancer control rates with superior functional outcome and a low morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. Lars_budaeus@web.de
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Budäus
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isbarn
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schlomm
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heinzer
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haese
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steuber
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Salomon
authors.forename: Hartwig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huland
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graefen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome