title: Phosphoric acid esters cannot replace polyvinylphosphonic acid as phosphoprotein analogs in biomimetic remineralization of resin-bonded dentin.
abstract: Polyvinylphosphonic acid (PVPA), a biomimetic analog of phosphoproteins, is crucial for recruiting polyacrylic acid (PAA)-stabilized amorphous calcium phosphate nanoprecursors during biomimetic remineralization of dentin collagen matrices. This study tested the null hypothesis that phosphoric acid esters of methacrylates in dentin adhesives cannot replace PVPA during bimimetic remineralization of resin-dentin interfaces. Human dentin specimens were bonded with: (I) XP Bond, an etch-and-rinse adhesive using moist bonding; (II) XP Bond using dry bonding; (III) Adper Prompt L-Pop, a self-etching adhesive. The control medium contained only set Portland cement and a simulated body fluid (SBF) without any biomimetic analog. Two experimental Portland cement/SBF remineralization media were evaluated: the first contained PAA as the sole biomimetic analog, the second contained PAA and PVPA as dual biomimetic analogs. No remineralization of the resin-dentin interfaces could be identified from specimens immersed in the control medium. After 2-4 months in the first experimental medium, specimens exhibited either no remineralization or large crystal formation within hybrid layers. Only specimens immersed in the second remineralization medium produced nanocrystals that accounted for intrafibrillar remineralization within hybrid layers. The null hypothesis could not be rejected; phosphoric acid esters in dentin adhesives cannot replace PVPA during biomimetic remineralization of adhesive-bonded dentin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Sui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: Young Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toledano
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Breschi
authors.forename: Jun Qi
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pashley
authors.forename: Franklin R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Tay
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003738:Dental Cements; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; D010755:Organophosphates; D063065:Organophosphonates; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011145:Polyvinyls; C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C532387:XP-Bond; C006903:carbopol 940; D003094:Collagen; C020243:calcium phosphate