Clinical and histological evaluation of an acellular dermal matrix allograft in combination with the coronally advanced flap in the treatment of Miller class I recession defects: an experimental study in the mini-pig.
OBJECTIVE
To study the wound healing of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) allografts when used together with coronally advanced flaps (CAF) in the treatment of localized gingival recessions in the mini-pig experimental model.


METHODS
Dehiscence defects 4 x 5 mm were surgically created in one buccal root surface in each quadrant of PI, II, or III in three mini-pigs. They were then treated with CAF and the interposition of either a connective tissue graft (CTG) or ADM. As the primary outcome, the histological interface between the ADM and the root surface was studied and was compared with CTG. As secondary outcomes, we assessed the amount and quality of the keratinized tissue and clinical outcomes in terms of root coverage and recession reduction.


RESULTS
At 3 months, the CTG group attained a mean 76% root coverage, versus 62% in the ADM group. The histological interface with the root surface was similar in both groups. The apical migration of the epithelium was 1.79+/-0.46 mm for the CTG and 1.21+/-0.35 mm for ADM. Newly formed cementum was observed with both treatments. New bone and a newly formed periodontal ligament were shown in five specimens in the ADM group and in three in the CTG group.


CONCLUSIONS
Both materials showed similar clinical and histological outcomes.
Núñez
Javier
J
University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain. javilds@hotmail.com
Caffesse
Raul
R
Vignoletti
Fabio
F
Guerra
Fernando
F
San Roman
Fidel
F
Sanz
Mariano
M
D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D025021:Cementogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000473:pathology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D007633:Keratins; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D013997:Time Factors; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000473:pathology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
C440568:Alloderm; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D007633:Keratins; D003094:Collagen