title: Expression of HMGA2-LPP and LPP-HMGA2 fusion genes in lipoma: identification of a novel type of LPP-HMGA2 transcript in four cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a subset of lipoma, a specific t(3;12)(q27-28;q14-15) chromosomal translocation leads to the fusion of the high mobility group A2 (HMGA2) gene and the lipoma preferred partner (LPP) gene. Although the expression of HMGA2-LPP fusion gene has been reported in lipomas, the reciprocal LPP-HMGA2 fusion gene has rarely been described.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-eight cases of lipoma were analyzed for the possible expression of HMGA2-LPP and LPP-HMGA2 fusion genes using a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten lipomas (10%) revealed both HMGA2-LPP and LPP-HMGA2 fusion transcripts, nine (9%) only HMGA2-LPP, and three (3%) only LPP-HMGA2. DNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that the HMGA2-LPP transcript in 19 lipomas consisted of exons 1-3 of HMGA2 and exons 9-11 of LPP, which was described previously. Out of 13 lipomas with LPP-HMGA2 transcript, 9 were associated with a previously reported LPP-HMGA2 fusion transcript, which fuses exon 8 of LPP to exon 4 of HMGA2, while 4 with a novel type of LPP-HMGA2 fusion transcript, which fuses exon 7 of LPP to exon 4 of HMGA2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to the HMGA2-LPP fusion gene, the LPP-HMGA2 fusion gene could have some specific roles for lipomagenesis. The biological implications of the expression and the variation of LPP-HMGA2 fusion transcripts need to be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.forename: Nobuhito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Kiminori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yukata
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Natsuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Myoui
authors.forename: Hidehiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D025743:HMGA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D008067:Lipoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D025743:HMGA2 Protein; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; C103594:LPP protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins