title: Local differences in human immunodeficiency virus prevalence: a comparison of social venue patrons, antenatal patients, and sexually transmitted infection patients in eastern kinshasa.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study compares the sexual behavior and HIV prevalence of men and women at social venues where people meet new sexual partners in Eastern Kinshasa with that of sexually transmitted infection (STI) treatment and antenatal clinic (ANC) patients in the same area.
  
  
  METHODS
  ANC patients, STI clinic patients, and social venue patrons were interviewed, asked to provide a blood sample on-site, and provided with information about obtaining test results. Every patron at identified social venues in the study area was invited to participate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One thousand one hundred sixteen pregnant women; 66 male and 229 female STI clinic patients; and 952 male and 247 female patrons of social venues were interviewed and tested for HIV. HIV prevalence differed by group: ANC patients (4%); female venue patrons (12%); female STI patients (16%); male venue patrons (2%); and male STI patients (23%). HIV prevalence among sex workers at social venues (29%) was higher than HIV prevalence among other female patrons with new or multiple partnerships in the past four weeks (19%) and higher than HIV prevalence among female patrons denying sex work (6%). However, the absolute number of infected women was higher among women reporting recent new or multiple partnerships than among the smaller group of sex workers (23 vs. 18). Two-thirds of the infected female STI patients (24/36) reported no more than one and no new sexual partner in the past year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improving prevention programs in Kinshasa is essential. Prevention efforts should not neglect women at social venues who do not self-identify as sex workers but who have high rates of new sexual partnership formation.
authors.affiliation: KSPH/UNC-DRC Program, Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa University, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
authors.forename: Kashamuka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mwandagalirwa
authors.forename: Elizabeth F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Kristi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McClamroch
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bollinger
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Ryder
authors.forename: Sharon S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Weir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015023:Democratic Republic of the Congo / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011295:Prenatal Care; D015995:Prevalence; D011477:Sex Work; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult