title: Occurrence, distribution and possible sources of organochlorine pesticides in agricultural soil of Shanghai, China.
abstract: Surface soil samples from agricultural soil of Shanghai were collected and analyzed for 24 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The concentrations were in the ranges of nd-10.38 n gg(-1) for HCHs (sum of alpha-, beta-, gamma- and delta-HCH), 0.77-247.45 ng g(-1) for DDTs (sum of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE, and o,p'-DDT), 0.84-10.08 ng g(-1) for CHLs (sum of heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, cis-chlordane, trans-chlordane, and trans-nonachlor), nd-3.68 ng g(-1) for endosulfan (sum of alpha- and beta-endosulfan), 0.10-3.62 ng g(-1) for HCB and nd-5.69 ng g(-1) for other OCPs (sum of aldrin, dieldrin and endrin). The total OCPs concentrations ranged from 3.16 to 265.24 ng g(-1) and the main contaminated areas were distributed in the south regions of Shanghai (including Fengxian, Nanhui and Jinshan districts). According to the measured concentrations and detection frequencies, HCHs, DDTs, HCB and heptachlor epoxide were the most dominant compounds among the 24 OCPs. The different compositions of DDT, HCH, chlordane and endosulfan indicated that the residues of these compounds in most soil samples originated from historical application, besides slight recent introduction at some sampling locations. The correlation analysis showed no significant relationship between TOC and OCPs. The quality of Shanghai agricultural soil was classified as low pollution by OCPs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, 200444, China.
authors.forename: Yu-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xue-Tong
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-Hong
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Guo-Ying
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Jia-Mo
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D011786:Quality Control; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants