Universal scaling law for energy and pressure in a shearing fluid.
Using nonequilibrium molecular-dynamics simulation, we study the shear-rate dependence of pressure and potential energy in a liquid metal subjected to shear. We show that both thermodynamic properties vary according to a power law gamma[over ];{beta} of the shear rate gamma[over ] , in which the exponent beta is a simple linear function of temperature and density. Moreover, we establish that the coefficients for this linear law are the same as those previously obtained for a Lennard-Jones fluid by Ge [Phys. Rev. E 67, 061201 (2003)]. This is a strong indication that these coefficients, as well as the linear law for beta , could be applicable to any atomic fluid. It is also an important step toward the determination of a nonequilibrium equation of state, which would predict the value of pressure and energy of a shearing fluid for any state point and any value of the applied shear rate.
Desgranges
Caroline
C
Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58201, USA.
Delhommelle
Jerome
J