title: Dietary pattern, the metabolic syndrome, and left ventricular mass and systolic function: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the relations between dietary patterns, metabolic dysfunction, and left ventricular (LV) function.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to examine associations of dietary patterns with LV mass and function and to explore the potential role of metabolic dysfunction in the association between diet and LV function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary patterns that maximally explained the variation in metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) components were derived by using reduced rank regression (RRR). LV mass, stroke volume, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Associations between dietary pattern and LV indexes were analyzed cross-sectionally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 4601 participants aged 45-84 y and free of clinical cardiovascular disease were studied. The primary RRR dietary pattern score was positively correlated with intake of foods with a high glycemic index, high-fat meats, cheeses, and processed foods and negatively correlated with low intakes of vegetables, soy, fruit, green and black tea, low-fat dairy desserts, seeds and nuts, and fish. Multivariate analyses showed that each 1-unit increase in the RRR dietary pattern score was associated with a 0.32-g/m(2) increase in LV mass/body surface area, a 0.43-mL/m(2) decrease in stroke volume/body surface area, and a 0.21% decrease in LVEF. The associations of the RRR dietary pattern score with LV mass and stroke indexes were attenuated and became nonsignificant after adjustment for all MetSyn components (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the RRR dietary pattern is significantly associated with unfavorable LV function, and this association might be mediated by metabolic dysfunction. Given the cross-sectional nature of our study, these results must be confirmed with the use of longitudinal data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. longjian.liu@drexel.edu
authors.forename: Longjian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nettleton
authors.forename: Alain G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bertoni
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bluemke
authors.forename: João A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Moyses
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szklo
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001213:Asian; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013599:Systole; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*; D044465:White People