title: Profile order and time-dependent artifacts in contrast-enhanced coronary MR angiography at 3T: origin and prevention.
abstract: To enhance the clinical value of coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), high-relaxivity contrast agents have recently been used at 3T. Here we examine a uniform bilateral shadowing artifact observed along the coronary arteries in MRA images collected using such a contrast agent. Simulations were performed to characterize this artifact, including its origin, to determine how best to mitigate this effect, and to optimize a data acquisition/injection scheme. An intraluminal contrast agent concentration model was used to simulate various acquisition strategies with two profile orders for a slow-infusion of a high-relaxivity contrast agent. Filtering effects from temporally variable weighting in k-space are prominent when a centric, radial (CR) profile order is applied during contrast infusion, resulting in decreased signal enhancement and underestimation of vessel width, while both pre- and postinfusion steady-state acquisitions result in overestimation of the vessel width. Acquisition during the brief postinfusion steady-state produces the greatest signal enhancement and minimizes k-space filtering artifacts.
authors.affiliation: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892-2281, USA.
authors.forename: Melanie S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kotys
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Herzka
authors.forename: Evert-Jan
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Vonken
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ohayon
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heroux
authors.forename: Ahmed M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gharib
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stuber
authors.forename: Roderic I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Pettigrew
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D003287:Contrast Media; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008536:Meglumine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C064572:gadobenic acid; D008536:Meglumine