title: Recognising pneumonia burden through prevention.
abstract: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important cause of otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia, and invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs) such as meningitis, bacteremia, and bacteremic pneumonia. Globally, pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children aged <5 years. After the implementation of routine immunisation with a seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) in the United States in 2000, a substantial decline in pneumonia-related hospitalisations among children aged <2 years was observed. In this age group, there was a 39% and 65% reduction in rates of all-cause and pneumococcal pneumonia hospitalisations, respectively, indicating a direct effect of routine immunisation with PCV7.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37212, USA. carlos.grijalva@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Carlos G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Grijalva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate