title: Antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of the phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor rolipram on behavior depend on cyclic AMP response element binding protein-mediated neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
abstract: Inhibition of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of cyclic AMP (cAMP), increases phosphorylation of the cAMP response element binding protein (pCREB) and hippocampal neurogenesis, and produces antidepressant-like effects on behavior; however, causal links among these actions have not been established. In this study, chronic administration of rolipram (0.31-1.25 mg/kg, 16-23 days) produced antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects on behavior in mice. It also increased cAMP and pCREB levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, but increased Sox2, a marker for mitotic progenitor cells, only in the hippocampus. Chronic rolipram treatment also increased hippocampal neurogenesis, as evidenced by increased bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Methylazoxymethanol (MAM), which is toxic to proliferating cells, reversed rolipram-induced increases in BrdU-positive cells and pCREB in the hippocampus and partially blocked its behavioral effects. Approximately 84% of BrdU-positive cells became newborn neurons, 93% of which co-expressed pCREB; these proportions were not altered by rolipram or MAM, either alone or in combination. Finally, 3 weeks after the end of the MAM treatment, when neurogenesis was no longer inhibited, rolipram again increased hippocampal pCREB and its antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects were restored. Overall, these results suggest that rolipram produces its effects on behavior in a manner that at least partially depends on its neurogenic action in the hippocampus, targeting mitotic progenitor cells rather than newborn or mature neurons; cAMP/CREB signaling in hippocampal newborn neurons is critical for neurogenesis and contributes to the behavioral effects of rolipram.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV 26506-9137, USA.
authors.forename: Yun-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Simon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Amsdell
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.forename: Han-Ting
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D050882:CREB-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D018891:Dentate Gyrus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D020889:Rolipram / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D050882:CREB-Binding Protein; C494364:Crebbp protein, mouse; D020889:Rolipram