title: Comparison of dietary conjugated linoleic acid with safflower oil on body composition in obese postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Weight loss may improve glucose control in persons with type 2 diabetes. The effects of fat quality, as opposed to quantity, on weight loss are not well understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We compared the effects of 2 dietary oils, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and safflower oil (SAF), on body weight and composition in obese postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a 36-wk randomized, double-masked, crossover study. Fifty-five obese postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes received SAF or CLA (8 g oil/d) during two 16-wk diet periods separated by a 4-wk washout period. Subjects met monthly with the study coordinator to receive new supplements and for assessment of energy balance, biochemical endpoints, or anthropometric variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five women completed the 36-wk intervention. Supplementation with CLA reduced body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.0022) and total adipose mass (P = 0.0187) without altering lean mass. The effect of CLA in lowering BMI was detected during the last 8 wk of each 16-wk diet period. In contrast, SAF had no effect on BMI or total adipose mass but reduced trunk adipose mass (P = 0.0422) and increased lean mass (P = 0.0432). SAF also significantly lowered fasting glucose (P = 0.0343) and increased adiponectin (P = 0.0051). No differences were observed in dietary energy intake, total fat intake, and fat quality in either diet period for either intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation with CLA and SAF exerted different effects on BMI, total and trunk adipose mass, and lean tissue mass in obese postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Supplementation with these dietary oils may be beneficial for weight loss, glycemic control, or both.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Leigh E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: Angela L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Collene
authors.forename: Michelle L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Asp
authors.forename: Jason C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Li-Fen
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Julia R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Doris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Kwame
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Osei
authors.forename: Rebecca D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Martha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Belury
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017698:Postmenopause; D012450:Safflower Oil / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D012450:Safflower Oil