title: Relationship of alcohol use and sexual risk taking among hazardously drinking incarcerated women: an event-level analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the association of alcohol use with sex and unprotected sex among hazardously drinking incarcerated women, we examined the relationship of these behaviors on any given day.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants endorsed unprotected sex and hazardous alcohol consumption (four or more drinks at a time on at least 3 separate days in the previous 3 months or a score of 8 or above on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). Participants recalled behaviors in the 90 days before incarceration using the Timeline Followback method. Generalized estimating equation models estimated the effect of daily alcohol use and selected covariates on the odds of sexual-risk behavior.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 245 participants averaged 34 years of age and were 71.4% white; 67.8% used cocaine. On most (84.7%) drinking days, women consumed four or more drinks. One hundred forty-one participants (57.6%) reported sex with only main partners, 10.6% with only casual partners, and 30.6% with both casual and main partners. The likelihood of having any sex (odds ratio = 1.78, p < .01) and unprotected sex (odds ratio = 1.95, p < .01) was higher on days when participants consumed alcohol compared with nondrinking days. However, when the analysis was restricted to days on which participants reported having sex, the odds of having unprotected sex was not significantly associated with drinking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among incarcerated women who reported hazardous drinking, alcohol use was associated with an increased likelihood of sexual activity and a concomitant increase in unprotected sex. However, use of alcohol was not significantly associated with condom use on days when participants were sexually active.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Community Health, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University and General Medicine Research, Butler Hospital, 345 Blackstone Boulevard, Providence, Rhode Island 02906, USA. Michael_Stein@Brown.edu
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Celeste M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Caviness
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosengard
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiene
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Friedmann
authors.forename: Jennifer G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000187:drug effects*