title: Psychopathology and personality trait in subgroups of functional dyspepsia based on Rome III criteria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Functional dyspepsia is a heterogeneous symptom complex that may be subdivided into postprandial distress syndrome and epigastric pain syndrome. We aimed to investigate differences among these subgroups in psychopathological factors and personality traits.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 187 consecutive outpatients (72.2% female patients, mean age 42.6 years) with functional dyspepsia based on the Rome III criteria. Patients were interviewed and evaluated by the Brief Symptom Rating Scale and the short-form Maudsley personality inventory for severity of psychopathology and personality traits. Multiple linear regression models were built for each psychopathological dimension and personality trait to assess the independent association with each subclass diagnosis of functional dyspepsia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an overlap (n=64, 34.2%) between the patients diagnosed with epigastric pain syndrome (n=157, 84.0%) and those with postprandial distress syndrome (n=94, 50.3%). Patients with symptoms compatible with both syndromes were psychopathologically more severe than either subgroup without overlapping. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the diagnosis of postprandial distress syndrome was independently associated with higher scores in overall psychopathological stress, and specifically in somatization (P=0.034), depression (P=0.028), phobia (P=0.044), and additional symptoms (P<0.001). However, epigastric pain syndrome was not associated with psychopathology. Postprandial distress was univariately associated with neuroticism, but the association was insignificant in the multivariate analysis (P=0.136).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Rome III subgroups of functional dyspepsia significantly overlap. Patients fulfilling criteria for both subgroups had symptoms that were psychopathologically more severe than those of patients without overlapping. Diagnosis of postprandial distress syndrome, but not epigastric pain syndrome, is independently associated with psychopathological factors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Lotung Town, Yilan County, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Jyh-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: Shih-Cheng
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Tzeng-Huey
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Huei-Tang
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wei-Lun
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Hwai-Jeng
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hsiu-Po
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-Shiang
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010555:Personality Inventory; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index