title: One-year MRI scan predicts clinical response to interferon beta in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the predictive value of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics in identifying relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) patients with sustained disability progression during interferon beta (IFNB) treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients receiving treatment with one of the available IFNB formulations for at least 1 year were included in this single-centre, prospective and post-marketing study. Demographic, clinical and MRI data were collected at IFNB start and at 1 year of therapy; patients were followed-up at least yearly. Poor clinical response was defined as the occurrence of a sustained disability progression of > or =1 point in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) during the follow-up period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 454 RR-MS patients starting IFNB therapy, data coming from 394 patients with a mean follow-up of 4.8 (2.4) years were analysed. Sixty patients were excluded because of too short follow-up. Less than 1/3 (30.4%) of the patients satisfied the criterion of 'poor responders'. Patients presenting new lesions on T2-weighted MRI scan after 1 year of therapy (compared with baseline) had a higher risk of being poor responder to treatment with IFNB during the follow-up period (HR 16.8, 95% CI 7.6-37.1, P < 0.001). An augmented risk increasing the number of lesions was observed, with a 10-fold increase for each new lesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Developing new T2-hyperintense lesions during IFNB treatment was the best predictor of long-term poor response to therapy. MRI scans performed after 1 year of IFNB treatment may be useful in contributing to early identification of poor responders.
authors.affiliation: Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Neurological Sciences, S. Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prosperini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petsas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borriello
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pozzilli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016899:Interferon-beta