title: The development of a scanning strategy for the manufacture of porous biomaterials by selective laser melting.
abstract: Porous structures are used in orthopaedics to promote biological fixation between metal implant and host bone. In order to achieve rapid and high volumes of bone ingrowth the structures must be manufactured from a biocompatible material and possess high interconnected porosities, pore sizes between 100 and 700 microm and mechanical strengths that withstand the anticipated biomechanical loads. The challenge is to develop a manufacturing process that can cost effectively produce structures that meet these requirements. The research presented in this paper describes the development of a 'beam overlap' technique for manufacturing porous structures in commercially pure titanium using the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) rapid manufacturing technique. A candidate bone ingrowth structure (71% porosity, 440 microm mean pore diameter and 70 MPa compression strength) was produced and used to manufacture a final shape orthopaedic component. These results suggest that SLM beam overlap is a promising technique for manufacturing final shape functional bone ingrowth materials.
authors.affiliation: MSERC, Department of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Harrison Hughes Building, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GH, UK. rstamp@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stamp
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sutcliffe
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D007834:Lasers; D008422:Materials Testing; D009985:Orthopedics; D010316:Particle Size; D016062:Porosity; D011312:Pressure; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D014025:Titanium