title: Equivalent benefit of mTORC1 blockade and combined PI3K-mTOR blockade in a mouse model of tuberous sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tuberous sclerosis (TSC) is a hamartoma syndrome in which renal and lung tumors cause the greatest morbidity. Loss of either TSC1 or TSC2 in TSC hamartomas leads to activation of mTORC1 and suppression of AKT. Recent studies indicate that inhibition of mTORC1 with RAD001 (everolimus) leads to rebound activation of AKT, which could protect tumors from drug-induced cell death. Here we examine the potential benefit of inhibition of both mTOR and AKT signaling in a mouse model of TSC, using a dual pan class I PI3K/mTOR catalytic small molecule inhibitor NVP-BEZ235.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using ENU to enhance Tsc2+- kidney tumor development, both RAD001 (10 mg/kg PO 5 d/week) and NVP-BEZ235 (45 mg/kg PO QD) had equivalent effects in suppressing tumor development during a 4 week treatment period, with a 99% reduction in tumor cell mass. Marked reduction in activation of mTORC1, induction of cell cycle arrest, and absence of apoptotic cell death was seen in mice treated with either drug. However, when either was discontinued, there was prompt recovery of tumor growth, with extensive proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both mTORC1 blockade alone and combined PI3K-mTOR blockade lead to suppression of tumor development but not tumor elimination in this TSC model.
authors.affiliation: Translational Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. pollizzi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pollizzi
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Malinowska-Kolodziej
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stumm
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kwiatkowski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea; D000068338:Everolimus; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea; D000068338:Everolimus; D007093:Imidazoles; D000076222:Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D011506:Proteins; D011804:Quinolines; D020123:Sirolimus; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors; C546843:mTOR protein, mouse; C531198:dactolisib