title: Energy biotechnology with cyanobacteria.
abstract: The world's future energy demand calls for a sustainable alternative for the use of fossil fuels, to restrict further global warming. Harvesting solar energy via photosynthesis is one of Nature's remarkable achievements. Existing technologies exploit this process for energy 'production' via processing of, for example, part of plant biomass into ethanol, and of algal biomass into biodiesel. Fortifying photosynthetic organisms with the ability to produce biofuels directly would bypass the need to synthesize all the complex chemicals of 'biomass'. A promising way to achieve this is to redirect cyanobacterial intermediary metabolism by channeling (Calvin cycle) intermediates into fermentative metabolic pathways. This review describes this approach via the biosynthesis of fermentation end products, like alcohols and hydrogen, driven by solar energy, from water (and CO2).
authors.affiliation: Molecular Microbial Physiology Group, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S Andreas
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Angermayr
authors.forename: Klaas J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hellingwerf
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lindblad
authors.forename: M Joost Teixeira
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: de Mattos
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D003246:Conservation of Energy Resources / Q000379:methods*; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D010788:Photosynthesis