Cardiac sarcoidosis complicated with atrioventricular block and wall thinning, edema and fibrosis in left ventricle: confirmed recovery to normal sinus rhythm and visualization of edema improvement by administration of predonisolone.
A 65 year-old female had a node of some kind in her right leg five years ago and was diagnosed with sarcoidosis by gallium scintigraphy. Serum angiotension-converting enzyme levels had gradually increased, and three months ago she felt palpitations and dizziness when standing. On electrocardiogram, 2:1 atrioventricular (AV) block was observed. On transthoracic echocardiogram, the basal portion of the interventricular septum (IVS) revealed wall thinning with dyskinetic motion and lack of systolic thickening, and low attenuation. The basal portion of the left ventricular (LV) posterior inferior wall revealed mild wall thickening with low attenuation. Enhanced multislice-CT revealed a thickened LV posterior wall and thinned basal portion of IVS with interstitial change suggesting presence of fibrosis or edema. Late enhancement was also observed in the basal portion of the LV posterior inferior wall and basal IVS in T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); in addition, an area, the center of which indicated low attenuation surrounded by high attenuation, was observed in the basal portion of the LV posterior inferior wall in T2 weighted MRI. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using F-18 fluoro-deoxyglucose with the subject fasted for 6 h beforehand, revealed strong uptake in the basal portion of IVS and a thickened LV posterior wall, suggesting the presence of inflammation. Administration of predonisolone was started before pacemaker implantation and clinical symptoms immediately disappeared; in addition AV block recovered to normal sinus rhythm. On a repeat MRI performed four months later, the late enhancement in T1 weighted MRI and the high attenuation surrounding low attenuation in the basal portion of the LV posterior inferior wall in T2 weighted MRI both disappeared, and we confirmed that temporary edema had also disappeared.
Miyazaki
Shohko
S
Funabashi
Nobusada
N
Nagai
Toshio
T
Uehara
Masae
M
Kataoka
Akihisa
A
Takaoka
Hiroyuki
H
Ueda
Marehiko
M
Komuro
Issei
I
D000368:Aged; D054537:Atrioventricular Block / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D004489:Edema, Cardiac / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
D011239:Prednisolone