title: Antifungal activity of thymol against clinical isolates of fluconazole-sensitive and -resistant Candida albicans.
abstract: Thymol (THY) was found to have in vitro antifungal activity against 24 fluconazole (FLC)-resistant and 12 FLC-susceptible clinical isolates of Candida albicans, standard strain ATCC 10231 and one experimentally induced FLC-resistant C. albicans S-1. In addition, synergism was observed for clinical isolates of C. albicans with combinations of THY-FLC and THY-amphotericin B (AMB) evaluated by the chequerboard microdilution method. The interaction intensity was determined by spectrophotometry for the chequerboard assay, and the nature of the interactions was assessed using two non-parametric approaches [fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) and DeltaE models]. The interaction between THY-FLC or THY-AMB in FLC-resistant and -susceptible strains of C. albicans showed a high percentage of synergism by the FICI method and the DeltaE method. The DeltaE model gave results consistent with FICI, and no antagonistic action was observed in the strains tested.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.|Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Jingbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Xiuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Xingming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.affiliation: Jilin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Rizeng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Xuelin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Xuming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, PR China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013943:Thymol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D013943:Thymol; D015725:Fluconazole