title: The restoration of permanent immature anterior teeth, root filled using MTA: a review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Immature anterior teeth are at high risk of root fracture following root canal treatment. The literature was explored to determine the current status for post-endodontic restorative management of these teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors explored multiple search engine databases to November 2008. Experiments included in the review involved simulated human or animal immature teeth with mineral trioxide aggregate as an apical plug. The experiments were designed to assess and compare the fracture strength of teeth restored with various materials. Studies that did not fulfil inclusion criteria were omitted from the review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four in vitro studies fulfilled selection criteria and were systematically reviewed. All studies differed in sources of teeth, their simulated immature tooth model and mode of force application.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current evidence, mostly from laboratory studies, suggests the use of composite resin materials placed deep into the coronal aspect of the root canal to impart superior fracture resistance. Further clinical research is needed to assess other reinforcing materials, which include a variety of post systems and luting agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Otago, School of Dentistry, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Shalin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chandler
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003188:Composite Resins; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D006801:Humans; D010087:Oxides; D011176:Post and Core Technique; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000379:methods*; D017640:Silicates; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000254:growth & development*; D014082:Tooth Fractures / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019553:Tooth, Nonvital / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003188:Composite Resins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C486892:resilon sealer; D006171:Gutta-Percha