New perspectives in the treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric cancer.
Metastatic gastric cancer remains an incurable disease, with a relative 5-year survival rate of 7%-27%. Chemotherapy, which improves overall survival (OS) and quality of life, is the main treatment option. Meta-analysis has demonstrated that the best survival results obtained in earlier randomized studies were achieved with three-drug regimens containing a fluoropyrimidine, an anthracycline, and cisplatin (ECF). Although there has been little progress in improving median OS times beyond the 9-mo plateau achievable with the standard regimens, the availability of newer agents has provided some measure of optimism. A number of new combinations incorporating docetaxel, oxaliplatin, capecitabine, and S-1 have been explored in randomized trials. Some combinations, such as epirubicin-oxaliplatin-capecitabine, have been shown to be as effective as (or perhaps more effective than) ECF, and promising early data have been derived for S-1 in combination with cisplatin. One factor that might contribute to extending median OS is the advancement whenever possible to second-line cytotoxic treatments. However, the biggest hope for significant survival advances in the near future would be the combination of new targeted biological agents with existing chemotherapy first-line regimens.
Rosati
Gerardo
G
Ferrara
Domenica
D
Manzione
Luigi
L
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005472:Fluorouracil