DNA vaccines for the prevention and treatment of allergy.
OBJECTIVE
Antiallergy DNA vaccine is an attractive alternative for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. This review covers recent studies to enhance potency and safety of antiallergy DNA vaccines.


RESULTS
Dendritic cell-targeted allergen gene vaccination using fascin gene promoter inhibited IgE production and allergic inflammation but not airway hyperresponsiveness. Targeting allergen expression at immature dendritic cells or induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells could induce antiallergic T regulatory cells. Vaccination with DNA-encoded Ag85B and AIMP1 as adjuvants could downregulate established Th2-mediated allergic responses. Forced ubiquitation or targeting allergens to lysosomal/endosomal compartments could avoid risk of allergen sensitization. Gene gun delivery of conventional antiallergy DNA vaccine is a risk factor. Replicase-based allergy DNA vaccines showed enhanced immunogenecity and safety as compared to conventional DNA vaccines. TANK-binding kinase-1 (TBK1) is a novel key molecule in DNA vaccine-induced immunogenicity.


CONCLUSIONS
Dendritic cell-based approach has been actively explored to enhance immunogenicity of antiallergy DNA vaccines. Codelivery of hypoallergenic DNA vaccines with potent adjuvants via a desirable delivery mode will help to fulfill the requirements for clinical application of antiallergy DNA vaccines. Activation of TBK1 signaling pathway could be a novel strategy to enhance immunogenicity of DNA vaccines.
Chua
Kaw Yan
KY
Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. paecky@nus.edu.sg
Kuo
I-Chun
IC
Huang
Chiung-Hui
CH
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000485:Allergens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000276:immunology; D012093:Replicon / Q000276:immunology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000485:Allergens; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C403191:TBK1 protein, human