title: Effects of ketamine on the balance of ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ in the ischemia-reperfusion affected spinal cord tissues in rabbits.
abstract: To test the effects of ketamine on metal ion balance in the spinal cord tissues after ischemic reperfusion (I/R), 24 white adult Japanese rabbits were randomly assigned to sham operation group, I/R group or ketamine-treated I/R group. Spinal cord injuries in I/R group and ketamine-treated I/R group were induced by aortic occlusions. Rabbits in ketamine-treated I/R group were intravenously infused 10 mg/kg ketamine twice: once at 10 min before aortic clamping and once at the onset of reperfusion. Post-operative neurological functions and concentrations of ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ in the spinal cord were assessed. Compared with the sham operation group, rabbits in the I/R group showed significantly worsened neurological functions as scored with the modified Tarlov criteria and altered concentrations of ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+. These unfavorable changes were significantly reversed in the ketamine-treated I/R group, suggesting that the potent protective effects of ketamine against the I/R-induced spinal cord injuries may be due to its ability to maintain ion balance in the I/R affected tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 430060 Wuhan, Hubei, China. yqj2566@sina.com
authors.forename: Qi Jing
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Qing Shan
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hai Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yan Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Shu Fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Dai Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002413:Cations, Divalent / Q000378:metabolism*; D003250:Constriction; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000503:physiopathology; D007649:Ketamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000209:etiology; D011817:Rabbits; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects; D020760:Spinal Cord Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002413:Cations, Divalent; D007649:Ketamine; D003300:Copper; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc; D002118:Calcium