title: GPR56 is highly expressed in neural stem cells but downregulated during differentiation.
abstract: The G-protein-coupled receptor 56 (GPR56) plays important roles in brain development and tumorigenesis. cDNA data suggest that GPR56 has potential to become a neural stem cell (NSC) or neural progenitor cell (NPC) marker. However, expression of GPR56 protein in human NSC/NPCs was not explored. Using specific antibodies and immunochemistry, we showed that GPR56 was highly expressed in nestin-positive NSC/NPCs in the ventricular/subventricular zone of human and mouse fetal brains, and in cultured neurospheres derived from both human and mouse fetal brains. Downregulation of GPR56 protein occurred earlier than that of nestin in differentiating neurosphere cultures. Loss of GPR56 protein was also evident in well-differentiated glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes and betaIII-tubulin-positive neurons. Our data suggest that GPR56 can be used as an NSC/NPC marker within the neural cell lineage, especially in combination with nestin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Liying
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D005333:Fetus; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*; D018874:Spheroids, Cellular; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013687:Telencephalon / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C118925:ADGRG1 protein, human; D015415:Biomarkers; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; C577484:NES protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C577485:Nes protein, mouse; D064231:Nestin; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D014404:Tubulin