title: Evaluation of physical and mental recovery status after elective liver resection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective, clinical pilot trial compared the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) and a nine-item quality of recovery [Quality of Recovery 9 (QoR-9)] survey to assess the 1-week outcome after liver resection and prediction of postoperative complications from baseline values before liver resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 19 patients, the SF-36 was recorded preoperatively (baseline) and on postoperative day (POD) 7. SF-36 z-values (means +/- SD) for the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) were calculated. QoR-9 (score 0-18) was performed at baseline, POD1, POD3, POD5 and POD7. Descriptive analysis and effect sizes (d) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From baseline to POD7, PCS decreased from -0.38 +/- 1.30 to -2.10 +/- 0.76 (P = 0.002, d = -1.57) and MCS from -0.71 +/- 1.50 to -1.33 +/- 1.11 (P = 0.061, d = -0.46). QoR-9 was significantly lower at POD1, POD3 and POD5 compared with baseline (P < 0.050, d < -2.0), but not at POD7 (P = 0.060, d = -1.08). Baseline PCS was significantly lower with a high effect size in patients with complications (n = 12) compared with patients without complications (n = 7) (-0.76 +/- 1.46 vs. 0.27 +/- 0.56; P = 0.044, d = -0.84) but not baseline MCS (P = 0.831, d = -0.10) or baseline QoR-9 (P = 0.384, d = -0.44).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SF-36 indicates that liver resection surgery has a higher impact on physical health than on mental health. QoR-9 determines the feasible time course of recovery with a 1-week return to baseline. Preoperative impaired physical health might predict postoperative complications.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Therapy, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arnberger
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Studer
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inderbitzin
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pulver
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Röhrig
authors.forename: Stephan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jakob
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greif
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D055815:Young Adult