title: Complications of polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) injection in facial augmentation.
abstract: Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) has been used as an injectable filler for soft tissue augmentation for more than a decade. In recent years, PAAG has been advocated as a safe soft tissue filler for facial augmentation. However, the complications associated with PAAG injection in facial augmentation have not been widely covered in the literature. We present two cases of severe complications associated with PAAG injection in facial augmentation, including bony erosion and facial ulcer. Further studies are required to support the safety of PAAG in facial injection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong Medical Centre, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China. lawrencehlliu@gmail.com
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007267:Injections; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D020100:Hydrogels; C016680:polyacrylamide gels