title: Effects of glutamine supplementation on kidney of diabetic rat.
abstract: Glutamine is the most important donor of NH(3) in kidney playing an important role in acid-base buffering system. Besides this effect, glutamine presents many other relevant functions in the whole body, such as a precursor of arginine in adult and neonates. In addition to these effects, some studies have shown that glutamine can potentiate renal disease. In the present study, the effect of short-term treatment (15 days) with glutamine on control and diabetic rats was investigated. Using biochemical, histological and molecular biology analysis from control and diabetic rats we verified that glutamine supplementation increase in pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL)-1beta and IL-6 content in renal cortex and induce alteration in glomerular characteristics. This study showed that short-term treatment with glutamine in association with increased glucose levels could cause important alterations in glomerular morphology that may result in fast progression of kidney failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, Butantan, São Paulo, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil. tatica@icb.usp.br
authors.forename: Tatiana Carolina
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Alba-Loureiro
authors.forename: Rodolfo Favaro
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Telma Maria Tenório
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Zorn
authors.forename: Claudia J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lagranha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D000075202:Contraindications; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000633:toxicity; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D005973:Glutamine / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D006029:Glycosuria / Q000139:chemically induced; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D005973:Glutamine; D009584:Nitrogen