title: Maternal serum adiponectin multimers in patients with a small-for-gestational-age newborn.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several mechanisms of disease have been implicated in the pathophysiology of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) including an anti-angiogenic state, and an exaggerated intravascular pro-inflammatory response. Adiponectin plays a role in a wide range of biological activities including those that have been implicated in the pathophysiology SGA. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if third trimester adiponectin concentrations differed between women with normal weight infants and those with an SGA neonate.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study included women with: 1) a normal pregnancy (n=234); and 2) an SGA neonate (n=78). SGA was defined as a birth weight below the 10th percentile for gestational age at birth. The study population was further stratified by first trimester body mass index (BMI) (normal weight <25 kg/m(2) vs. overweight/obese > or =25 kg/m(2)). Maternal serum adiponectin multimers [total, high-molecular-weight (HMW), medium-molecular-weight (MMW) and low-molecular-weight (LMW)] concentrations were determined by ELISA. Non-parametric statistics were used for analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1) The median maternal serum concentrations of total, HMW and MMW adiponectin were significantly lower in patients with an SGA neonate than in those with normal pregnancies; 2) patients with an SGA neonate had a significantly lower median HMW/total adiponectin ratio and higher median MMW/total adiponectin and LMW/total adiponectin ratios than those with a normal pregnancy; 3) among patients with an SGA neonate, neither maternal serum concentrations of adiponectin multimers, nor their relative distribution differ between normal weight and overweight/obese patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1) Pregnancies complicated by an SGA neonate are characterized by a alterations in the maternal serum adiponectin multimers concentrations and their relative abundance; 2) the findings reported herein suggest that maternal adipose tissue may play a role, in the pathogenesis of SGA.
authors.affiliation: Perinatology Research Branch, Intramural Division, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Shali
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazaki-Tovi
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Edi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vaisbuch
authors.forename: Offer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erez
authors.forename: Pooja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mittal
authors.forename: Tinnakorn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chaiworapongsa
authors.forename: Sun Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Percy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pacora
authors.forename: Lami
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gotsch
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Bo Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sonia S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Juan Pedro
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kusanovic
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin