title: Diagnostic microarrays in hematologic oncology: applications of high- and low-density arrays.
abstract: Microarrays have become important tools for high-throughput analysis of gene expression, chromosome aberrations, and gene mutations in cancer cells. In addition to high-density experimental microarrays, low-density, gel-based biochip technology represents a versatile platform for translation of research into clinical practice. Gel-based microarrays (biochips) consist of nanoliter gel drops on a hydrophobic surface with different immobilized biopolymers (primarily nucleic acids and proteins). Because of the high immobilization capacity of the gel, such biochips have a high probe concentration and high levels of fluorescence signals after hybridization, which allow the use of simple, portable detection systems. The notable accuracy of the analysis is reached as a result of the high level of discrimination between positive and negative gel-bound probes. Different applications of biochips in the field of hematologic oncology include analysis of chromosomal translocations in leukemias, diagnostics of T-cell lymphomas, and pharmacogenetics.
authors.affiliation: Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. nased@eimb.ru
authors.forename: Tatyana V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Nasedkina
authors.forename: Natalia A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Guseva
authors.forename: Olga A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Gra
authors.forename: Olga N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Mityaeva
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Chudinov
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Zasedatelev
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D019675:Genes, T-Cell Receptor gamma; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor