title: Two-year results from a community-wide diabetes prevention intervention in a high risk indigenous community: the Ngati and Healthy project.
abstract: We describe changes in markers and prevalence of glucose metabolism disorders following a 2-year community-wide intervention aimed at reducing insulin resistance (IR) prevalence in a high risk community. Surveys were undertaken before and 2 years after implementation of a community developed and led diabetes prevention program. Proportions and means were calculated and compared by sex and age groups: 25-49 years and 50+ years. A process evaluation contributed to interpretation of results. Response rates were around 50% and demographic characteristics similar in both surveys. Overall, IR prevalence decreased markedly from 35.5% to 25.4% (p=0.003). Most changes were observed amongst 25-49 years old women for whom there was a significant change in prevalences of IR and glucose metabolism disorders (p=0.015), largely due to reduced IR prevalence (38.2-25.6%). In 2006, 60.3% achieved minimum recommended exercise levels and 65.4% ate wholegrain bread compared with 45.1% (p=0.002) and 42.2% (p=0.044), respectively, in 2003. Participation in a community diabetes prevention intervention appeared to reduce IR prevalence after 2 years in those with the highest level of participation and most marked lifestyle changes.
authors.affiliation: Edgar National Centre for Diabetes Research, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. kirsten.coppell@otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Kirsten J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Coppell
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Tipene-Leach
authors.forename: Helen L R
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Pahau
authors.forename: Sheila M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abel
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iles
authors.forename: Jennie Harré
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hindmarsh
authors.forename: Jim I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Mann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates