title: An evaluation of the anti-neoplastic activity of curcumin in prostate cancer cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study is to investigate the anti-neoplastic effect of curcumin in prostate cancer cell lines. Specifically, we are using the LNCaP cell line and another prostate cell line developed in our laboratory, PcBra1. The PcBra1 cells were derived from a localized, obstructive prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 9 (4+5).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prostate cancer cell line was isolated from a localized, obstructive prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 9 (4+5), and it was characterized using immunohistochemistry. After six passages, the new cell line was treated with varying doses of curcumin: 10 microM, 25 microM or 50 microM. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry using Annexin V FITC. For comparison, the same experiment was performed using the well-established metastatic prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increasing concentrations of curcumin promoted more apoptosis in the PcBra1 cells. Exposure to 10 and 25 microM curcumin induced apoptosis in 31.9% and 52.2% of cells, respectively. Late apoptosis was induced in 37% of cells after treatment with 10 microM curcumin and 35% of cells with a 25 microM treatment. Necrosis accounted for less than 10% of the death in these cells at those two concentrations. When curcumin was used at 50 microM, apoptosis was observed in 64.3% of the cells. Including late apoptosis and necrosis, 98.6% of the cells died in response to 50 microM curcumin. Results with the LNCaP cells were similar although late apoptosis was the main phenomenon at 25 microM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have shown that curcumin acts on localized prostate cancer to induce apoptosis and may therefore be an option as a future therapeutic agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Laboratory of Medical Investigation, School of Medicine, Sao Paulo University, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Piantino
authors.forename: Fernanda A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Salvadori
authors.forename: Pedro P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Ayres
authors.forename: Raphael B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Srougi
authors.forename: Katia R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srougi
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003474:Curcumin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003474:Curcumin