title: Diagnostic value of [(18)F]-FDG PET/CT in children with fever of unknown origin or unexplained signs of inflammation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fever of unknown origin (FUO) and unexplained signs of inflammation are challenging medical problems especially in children and predominantly caused by infections, malignancies or noninfectious inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of (18)F-FDG PET and PET/CT in the diagnostic work-up in paediatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective study, 47 FDG PET and 30 PET/CT scans from 69 children (median age 8.1 years, range 0.2-18.1 years, 36 male, 33 female) were analysed. The diagnostic value of PET investigations in paediatric patients presenting with FUO (44 scans) or unexplained signs of inflammation without fever (33 scans) was analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A diagnosis in paediatric patients with FUO or unexplained signs of inflammation could be established in 32 patients (54%). Of all scans, 63 (82%) were abnormal, and of the total number of 77 PET and PET/CT scans 35 (45%) were clinically helpful. In patients with a final diagnosis, scans were found to have contributed to the diagnosis in 73%. Laboratory, demographic or clinical parameters of the children did not predict the usefulness of FDG PET scans.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first larger study demonstrating that FDG PET and PET/CT may be valuable diagnostic tools for the evaluation of children with FUO and unexplained signs of inflammation. Depicting inflammation in the whole body, while not being traumatic, it is attractive for use especially in children. The combination of PET with CT seems to be superior, since the site of inflammation can be localized more accurately.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jasper
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Däbritz
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frosch
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loeffler
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weckesser
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Foell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005335:Fever of Unknown Origin / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013382:Subtraction Technique; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18