title: DNA phylogeny reveals polyphyly of Phoma section Peyronellaea and multiple taxonomic novelties.
abstract: Species of the anamorph genus Phoma are commonly isolated from a wide range of ecological niches. They are notoriously difficult to identify due to the paucity of morphological features and the plasticity of these when cultivated on agar media. Species linked to Phoma section Peyronellaea are typified by the production of dictyochlamydospores and thus have additional characters to use in taxon delineation. However, the taxonomy of this section is still not fully understood. Furthermore the production of such chlamydospores also is known in some other sections of Phoma. DNA sequences were generated from three loci, namely ITS, actin, and 3-tubulin, to clarify the phylogeny of Phoma taxa that produce dictyochlamydospores. Results were unable to support section Peyronellaea as a taxonomic entity. Dictyochlamydospore formation appears to be a feature that developed, or was lost, many times during the evolution of Phoma. Furthermore, based on the multigene analyses, five new Phoma species could be delineated while a further five required taxonomic revision to be consistent with the genetic variation observed.
authors.affiliation: CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.aveskamp@cbs.knaw.nl
authors.forename: Maikel M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Aveskamp
authors.forename: Gerard J M
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Verkley
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Gruyter
authors.forename: Mónica A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Murace
authors.forename: Analia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perelló
authors.forename: Joyce H C
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Woudenberg
authors.forename: Johannes Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Groenewald
authors.forename: Pedro W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Crous
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics; D044822:Biodiversity; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D014404:Tubulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D014404:Tubulin