title: Physiological responses to protein aggregates: fibrinolysis, coagulation and inflammation (new roles for old factors).
abstract: Misfolding is an inherent and potentially problematic propensity of proteins. Misfolded proteins tend to aggregate and the deposition of aggregated proteins is associated with a variety of highly debilitating diseases known as amyloidoses. Protein misfolding and aggregation is also increasingly recognized as the underlying cause of other health problems, including atherosclerosis and immunogenicity of biopharmaceuticals. This raises the question how nature deals with the removal of obsolete proteins in order to avoid their accumulation and disease. In recent years two proteases, tPA and factor XII, have been identified that specifically recognize aggregates of misfolded proteins. We here review these discoveries that have uncovered new roles for the fibrinolytic system and the contact activation system beyond haemostasis.
authors.affiliation: Crossbeta Biosciences BV, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.gebbink@crossbeta.com
authors.forename: Martijn F B G
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Gebbink
authors.forename: Barend
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bouma
authors.forename: Coen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.forename: Bonno N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Bouma
mesh_terms: D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000378:metabolism; D005174:Factor XII / Q000378:metabolism; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D006487:Hemostasis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000378:metabolism; D007705:Kinins / Q000378:metabolism; D017510:Protein Folding; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D007705:Kinins; D011506:Proteins; D005174:Factor XII; D007610:Kallikreins; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D001920:Bradykinin