title: High throughput cell-based screening of biodegradable polyanhydride libraries.
abstract: A parallel screening method has been developed to rapidly evaluate discrete library substrates of biomaterials using cell-based assays. The biomaterials used in these studies were surface-erodible polyanhydrides based on sebacic acid (SA), 1,6-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy)hexane (CPH), and 1,8-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy)-3,6-dioxaoctane (CPTEG) that have been previously studied as carriers for drugs, proteins, and vaccines. Linearly varying compositional libraries of 25 different polyanhydride random copolymers (based on CPH:SA and CPTEG:CPH) were designed, fabricated, and synthesized using discrete (organic solvent-resistant) multi-sample substrates created using a novel rapid prototyping method. The combinatorial libraries were characterized at high throughput using infrared microscopy and validated using 1H NMR and size exclusion chromatography. The discrete libraries were rapidly screened for biocompatibility using standard SP2/0 myeloma, CHO and L929 fibroblasts, and J774 macrophage cell lines. At a concentration of 2.8 mg/mL, there was no appreciable cytotoxic effect on any of the four cell lines evaluated by any of the CPH:SA or CPTEG:CPH compositions. Furthermore, the activation of J774 macrophages was evaluated by incubating the cells with the polyanhydride libraries and quantifying the secreted cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, and TNFalpha). The results indicated that copolymer compositions containing at least 50% CPH induced elevated amounts of TNFalpha. In summary, the results indicated that the methodologies described herein are amenable to the high throughput analysis of synthesized biomaterials and will facilitate the rapid and rational design of materials for use in biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-2230, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Latrisha K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Jon B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Thorstenson
authors.forename: Stuart W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: Surya K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mallapragada
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wannemuehler
authors.forename: Balaji
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Narasimhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D016466:CHO Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002845:Chromatography; D020650:Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D003652:Decanoic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006586:Hexanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D049388:Polyanhydrides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C120991:1,6-bis(carboxyphenoxy)hexane; D016207:Cytokines; D003652:Decanoic Acids; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids; D006586:Hexanes; D049388:Polyanhydrides; C011107:sebacic acid