title: Reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin of oral streptococci following amoxicillin exposure.
abstract: As antibiotic pressure often triggers bacterial resistance, the use of short-duration therapies is increasingly recommended. The objective of the present study was to evaluate both the clinical efficiency and the impact on oral streptococci of a 3 day versus a 7 day amoxicillin therapy for odontogenic infection requiring tooth extraction. On day 0, patients were randomly assigned to a 3 day or 7 day amoxicillin treatment. The tooth was extracted on day 2 and the post-operative follow-up was carried out on day 9. Oral flora was collected on days 0, 9 and 30, and the susceptibility of the streptococci to amoxicillin was determined. The results showed that treatment with amoxicillin for 3 or 7 days had a similar clinical efficiency, and also induced similar selection of oral streptococci with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin, suggesting that the selection of strains with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin is a rapid phenomenon, appearing even with short-duration therapies.
authors.affiliation: Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.|Service d'Odontologie, Hôpital Albert Chenevier, AP-HP, 40 Rue de Mesly, 94000 Créteil, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chardin
authors.affiliation: Service d'Odontologie, Hôpital Albert Chenevier, AP-HP, 40 Rue de Mesly, 94000 Créteil, France.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasukawa
authors.affiliation: Service de Microbiologie-Hygiène, Laboratoire Associé au Centre National de Référence des Streptocoques, AP-HP, Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nouacer
authors.affiliation: Service de Microbiologie-Hygiène, Laboratoire Associé au Centre National de Référence des Streptocoques, AP-HP, Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.|Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Plainvert
authors.affiliation: Unité de Recherche Clinique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, INSERM CIE 4, Paris, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aucouturier
authors.affiliation: Service de Microbiologie-Hygiène, Laboratoire Associé au Centre National de Référence des Streptocoques, AP-HP, Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.|Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ergani
authors.affiliation: Service d'Odontologie, Hôpital de la Pitié - Salpétrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Descroix
authors.affiliation: Service d'Odontologie, Hôpital de la Pitié - Salpétrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Toledo-Arenas
authors.affiliation: Service d'Odontologie, Hôpital de la Pitié - Salpétrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Azerad
authors.affiliation: Service de Microbiologie-Hygiène, Laboratoire Associé au Centre National de Référence des Streptocoques, AP-HP, Hôpital de l'Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France.|Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouvet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects*; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000658:Amoxicillin