In vitro cytotoxicity of orthodontic primers.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of four orthodontic primers: Transbond XT and Transbond MIP (3M, USA), Eagle Fluorsure (American Orthodontics, USA) and Ortho Solo (Ormco, USA).


METHODS
Balb 3T3 cells were exposed to different concentrations of primers (0-0.25 mg/ml). Mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity was evaluated by MTT assay and cell necrosis was measured by flow cytometry (propidium iodide staining).


RESULTS
All the materials decreased cell viability in a dose related manner. Cytotoxicity of orthodontic primers based on concentrations which caused a 50% decrease of mitochondrial activity was ranked as follows: Transbond XT (45.57 mg/ml) > Eagle Fluorsure (49.27 mg/ml) > Transbond MIP (64.35 mg/ml) > Ortho solo (70.09 mg/ml).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that the cytotoxic potencies demonstrated by orthodontic primers might be of clinical relevance since they disturbed cell metabolism and induced cell death in monolayer cultures.
D'Antò
Vincenzo
V
Institue of Composite and Biomedical Materials - Naples, Italy.
Spagnuolo
Gianrico
G
Polito
Ilaria
I
Paduano
Sergio
S
Ambrosio
Luigi
L
Valletta
Rosa
R
D000818:Animals; D041702:BALB 3T3 Cells; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004396:Coloring Agents; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology; D009336:Necrosis; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000187:drug effects; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000633:toxicity*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles
D004396:Coloring Agents; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; C508972:OrthoSolo; D019279:Resin Cements; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C477790:Transbond XT; C458821:Transbond moisture-insensitive primer; D000431:Ethanol; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C022616:thiazolyl blue