title: Protective effect of galactooligosaccharide-supplemented enteral nutrition on intestinal barrier function in rats with severe acute pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intestinal barrier dysfunction may play an important role in the secondary infectious complications associated with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). We aimed to investigate the protective effect of enteral nutrition supplemented with prebiotics, namely, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), on intestinal barrier function in SAP rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomly divided 60 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats into 6 groups: sham operation 4-d and 7-d groups, SAP with standard enteral nutrition (EN) 4-d and 7-d groups, and SAP with GOS-supplemented EN (PRE-EN) 4-d and 7-d groups (n = 10 in each group). The intestinal barrier function was assessed on the basis of several aspects, including the number of colonic bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, sIgA concentration in intestinal mucus, extent of apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells, and the protein expression and mRNA of the intestinal tight junction protein occludin. The results for groups at the same time points were compared with each other.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that the intestinal barrier function was impaired after the establishment of the SAP model, in comparison with the sham control group. In the PRE-EN groups, the number of fecal bifidobacteria, sIgA level in intestinal mucus, intestinal occludin mRNA level at both day 4 and day 7, and extent of intestinal epithelial apoptosis at day 7 were significantly higher than the corresponding values in the standard EN groups (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation of the prebiotic GOS in EN can significantly improve intestinal barrier function in SAP rats.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition Center, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China. zhongyan73@263.net
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Donglian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Shanshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Lingyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000378:metabolism; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D062793:Occludin; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010186:Pancreatic Function Tests; D019283:Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D056692:Prebiotics; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000378:metabolism; D014312:Trisaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D062793:Occludin; C568987:Ocln protein, rat; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D056692:Prebiotics; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014312:Trisaccharides; C072242:4'-galactooligosaccharide