title: Oral or intravenous proton pump inhibitor in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding after successful endoscopic epinephrine injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of oral vs. intravenous (i.v.) regular-dose proton pump inhibitor (PPI) after endoscopic injection of epinephrine in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peptic ulcer patients with active bleeding, nonbleeding visible vessels, or adherent clots were enrolled after successful endoscopic haemostasis achieved by epinephrine injection. They were randomized to receive either oral rabeprazole (RAB group, 20 mg twice daily for 3 days) or i.v. omeprazole (OME group, 40 mg i.v. infusion every 12 h for 3 days). Subsequently, the enrolled patients receive oral PPI for 2 months (rabeprazole 20 mg or esomeprazole 40 mg once daily). The primary end-point was recurrent bleeding up to 14 days. The hospital stay, blood transfusion, surgery and mortality within 14 days were compared as well.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 156 patients were enrolled, with 78 patients randomly allocated in each group. The two groups were well matched for factors affecting the clinical outcomes. Primary end-points (recurrent bleeding up to 14 days) were reached in 12 patients (15.4%) in the OME group and 13 patients (16.7%) in the RAB group [95% confidence interval (CI) of difference -12.82, 10.22]. All the rebleeding events occurred within 3 days of enrolment. The two groups were not different in hospital stay, volume of blood transfusion, surgery or mortality rate (1.3% of the OME group and 2.6% of the RAB group died, 95% CI of difference -5.6, 3.0).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral rabeprazole and i.v. regular-dose omeprazole are equally effective in preventing rebleeding in patients with high-risk bleeding peptic ulcers after successful endoscopic injection with epinephrine.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jai-Jen
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Yao-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Chin-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Perng
authors.forename: Hwai-Jeng
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004724:Endoscopy; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D064098:Esomeprazole; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010438:Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D009853:Omeprazole; D064098:Esomeprazole; D004837:Epinephrine