title: N-acetylcysteine, coenzyme Q10 and superoxide dismutase mimetic prevent mitochondrial cell dysfunction and cell death induced by d-galactosamine in primary culture of human hepatocytes.
abstract: D-Galactosamine (D-GalN) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and cell death in cultured hepatocytes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cytoprotective properties of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), coenzyme Q(10) (Q(10)) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic against the mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death in D-GalN-treated hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were isolated from liver resections. NAC (0.5 mM), Q(10) (30 microM) or MnTBAP (Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride (1mg/mL) were co-administered with D-GalN (40 mM) in hepatocytes. Cell death, oxidative stress, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP), ATP, mitochondrial oxidized/reduced glutathione (GSH) and Q(10) ratios, electronic transport chain (ETC) activity, and nuclear- and mitochondria-encoded expression of complex I subunits were determined in hepatocytes. d-GalN induced a transient increase of mitochondrial hyperpolarization and oxidative stress, followed by an increase of oxidized/reduced GSH and Q(10) ratios, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death in hepatocytes. The cytoprotective properties of NAC supplementation were related to a reduction of ROS generation and oxidized/reduced GSH and Q(10) ratios, and a recovery of mitochondrial complexes I+III and II+III activities and cellular ATP content. The co-administration of Q(10) or MnTBAP recovered oxidized/reduced GSH ratio, and reduced ROS generation, ETC dysfunction and cell death induced by D-GalN. The cytoprotective properties of studied antioxidants were related to an increase of the protein expression of nuclear- and mitochondrial-encoded subunits of complex I. In conclusion, the co-administration of NAC, Q(10) and MnTBAP enhanced the expression of complex I subunits, and reduced ROS production, oxidized/reduced GSH ratio, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death induced by D-GalN in cultured hepatocytes.
authors.affiliation: Liver Research Unit, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferrín
authors.forename: Ana B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: Isidora
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ranchal
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: López-Cillero
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santos-Gónzalez
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: López-Lluch
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Briceño
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poyato
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Villalba
authors.forename: Plácido
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Navas
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de la Mata
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muntané
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005688:Galactosamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014451:Ubiquinone; D005688:Galactosamine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D053148:Caspase 3; C024989:coenzyme Q10; D005978:Glutathione; D000111:Acetylcysteine