title: Endotherapy for severe and complete pharyngo-esophageal post-radiation stenosis using wires, balloons and pharyngo-esophageal puncture (PEP) (with videos).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pharyngo-esophageal stenosis (PES) and upper esophageal stricture are common in patients who receive radiation therapy for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. In severe or complete stenosis, the patients generally have complete dysphagia with inability to swallow their saliva. Diagnostic and therapeutic esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) plays an important role in investigating the dysphagia and in managing the underlying stenosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We translate endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) techniques and skills in approaching pancreaticobiliary obstruction in the management of severe and complete PES. We select and report three cases of severe or complete PES in which flexible endoscopic therapy was successfully provided by using fluoroscopy, ERCP wire guides, endoscopic balloons, and by performing pharyngo-esophageal puncture (PEP).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose the term PEP in managing complete PES. We believe this approach can offer safety and efficiency with very high success rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Trinity Mother Frances Hospitals and Clinics, 910 E. Houston, Suite 550, Tyler, TX 75702, USA. tangs@tmfhs.org
authors.forename: Shou-jiang
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Shailender
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Truelson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002404:Catheterization; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*