title: Amphetamine- and nicotine-induced cross-sensitization in adolescent rats persists until adulthood.
abstract: Nicotine and psychostimulants are often abused in combination and drug abuse often begins during adolescence and can have long-term consequences. Behavioral sensitization has been suggested as an animal model of neuroplasticity implicated in the development of drug addiction. We evaluated whether the pretreatment with nicotine (0.4 mg/kg; s.c.) or amphetamine (5.0 mg/kg; i.p.) in adolescent rats [from postnatal day (P) 28 to P34] could induce cross-sensitization to nicotine and amphetamine when animals were challenged during both adolescence (P37) and adulthood (P70), in separate groups of animals. Adolescent animals pretreated with amphetamine displayed behavioral sensitization to nicotine, which persisted until adulthood. Moreover, adolescent animals pretreated with nicotine showed sensitized locomotor response to amphetamine in the adulthood. These data suggest that adolescents who abuse nicotine may be particularly susceptible to the effects of amphetamine and vice versa. Moreover, this increased vulnerability may persist through their development until adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP-São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Marcelo T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: Fábio C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Delucia
authors.forename: Cleopatra S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Planeta
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009538:Nicotine; D000661:Amphetamine