title: Anti-cytokine therapeutics: history and update.
abstract: Anti-cytokine therapy has promoted a revolution in the treatment of several inflammatory disorders during the past 10 years. Despite their medical and commercial success, they exhibit several drawbacks: difficulties of production, excessive costs, and a few side-effects. A promising alternative to the passive infusion of monoclonal antibodies or soluble cytokine receptors is the use of the active anti-cytokine immune therapy (ACIT). Surprisingly, clinical studies suggested the interest of this approach during the late 1980's, even before the advent of anti-cytokine passive immunotherapy. In this review, we first explain the involvement of several cytokines in many common diseases involving cytokine overproduction, and identify key targets for anti-cytokine treatments. We then present an update on current advances in preclinical and clinical development of passive anti-cytokine therapeutic approaches. We further discuss progresses in the promising field of active anti-cytokine immunotherapy. Cytokine receptors biologics and small molecules developed using structure/function information, which also constitute important options for treating the cytokine-mediated diseases, are not discussed in this review.
authors.affiliation: Chaire de Bioinformatique, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Rojo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ratsimandresy
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rappaport
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Zagury
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014612:Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016207:Cytokines; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D014612:Vaccines