title: Human fallopian tube: a new source of multipotent adult mesenchymal stem cells discarded in surgical procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The possibility of using stem cells for regenerative medicine has opened a new field of investigation. The search for sources to obtain multipotent stem cells from discarded tissues or through non-invasive procedures is of great interest. It has been shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from umbilical cords, dental pulp and adipose tissue, which are all biological discards, are able to differentiate into muscle, fat, bone and cartilage cell lineages. The aim of this study was to isolate, expand, characterize and assess the differentiation potential of MSCs from human fallopian tubes (hFTs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Lineages of hFTs were expanded, had their karyotype analyzed, were characterized by flow cytometry and underwent in vitro adipogenic, chondrogenic, osteogenic, and myogenic differentiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here we show for the first time that hFTs, which are discarded after some gynecological procedures, are a rich additional source of MSCs, which we designated as human tube MSCs (htMSCs).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Human tube MSCs can be easily isolated, expanded in vitro, present a mesenchymal profile and are able to differentiate into muscle, fat, cartilage and bone in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Human Genome Research Center, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, n degrees 106, Cidade Universitária São Paulo SP, CEP: 05508-090, Brazil. tatiana@ib.usp.br
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jazedje
authors.forename: Paulo M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Perin
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Czeresnia
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maluf
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halpern
authors.forename: Mariane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Secco
authors.forename: Daniela F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: Natassia M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Eder
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zucconi
authors.forename: Mayana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zatz
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019070:Cell Lineage; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000166:cytology; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology