Prevalence of the HLA-DQB1*0602 allele in narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia patients seen at a sleep disorders outpatient unit in São Paulo.
OBJECTIVE
Narcolepsy (with and without cataplexy) and idiopathic hypersomnia, are disorders with common features but with different HLA-DQB1*0602 allele prevalence. The present study describes the prevalence of HLA-DQB1*0602 allele in narcoleptics with and without cataplexy and in patients with idiopathic hypersomnia.


METHODS
Subjects comprised 68 patients who were diagnosed for narcolepsy or idiopathic hypersomnia and 23 healthy controls according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2. Subjects comprised 43 patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy, 11 patients with narcolepsy but without cataplexy, 14 patients with idiopathic hypersomnia and 23 healthy controls. Genotyping of HLA-DQB1*0602 allele was performed for all subjects.


RESULTS
The prevalence of the HLA-DQB1*0602 allele was increased in idiopathic hypersomnia and in narcoleptic patients with and without cataplexy when compared to healthy subjects (p = 0.04; p = 0.03 and p < 0.0001, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
This finding is in accordance with those of previous studies. The gold standard exam of narcolepsy with cataplexy is Hypocretin-1 dosage, but in patients without cataplexy and idiopathic hypersomnia, there are no specific diagnostic lab findings. The presence of the HLA-DQB1* 0602 allele may be important for the differential diagnosis of situations that resemble those sleep disorders such as secondary changes in sleep structure due to drugs' consumption.
Coelho
Fernando Morgadinho Santos
FM
Psychobiology Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. fernandomorgadinho@hotmail.com
Pradella-Hallinan
Márcia
M
Predazzoli Neto
Mario
M
Bittencourt
Lia Rita Azeredo
LR
Tufik
Sérgio
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006801:Humans; D020177:Idiopathic Hypersomnia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009290:Narcolepsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins