title: Transforming growth factor-beta1 in congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction: diagnosis and follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the role of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) in congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction at diagnosis and during postoperative follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case-control study including 19 patients with a mean age of 6.7 years and 19 matched controls. All patients presented negative voiding cystourethrography, obstructive diuretic renogram and underwent dismembered pyeloplasty. Urinary TGF-beta1 and other markers were measured pre-, intra- and postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean bladder urine TGF-beta1 concentration in obstructed patients prior to pyeloplasty was higher than in controls (92.5 pg/mL +/- 16.8 vs. 35.8 pg/mL +/- 16.2; p = 0.0001). The mean renal pelvic urine TGF-beta1 concentration in the hydronephrotic kidney was higher than in the preoperative bladder urine sample (122.3 pg/mL +/- 43.9 vs. 92.5 pg/mL +/- 16.8; p = 0.036). Postoperative mean TGF-beta1 concentration was significantly lower than preoperative TGF-beta1 (48.7 pg/mL +/- 13.1 vs. 92.5 pg/mL +/- 16.8; p = 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGF-beta1 is a cytokine leading to renal fibrosis. The measurement of urinary TGF-beta1 could become a useful tool for the diagnosis of obstructive hydronephrosis and the evaluation of the parenchyma function status, pre and postoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, Hospital de Pediatria Dr J P Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina. cristian.sager@gmail.com
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sager
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burek
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Perazzo
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine; D007682:Kidney Pelvis; D008297:Male; D059035:Perioperative Period; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000652:urine*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1