title: Feasibility of high-dose three-dimensional radiation therapy in the treatment of localised non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment of inoperable and/or non-resectable IIIA/B non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Aware of the necessity to increase local control in locally advanced NSCLC, we analyzed the feasibility of high-dose three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) in the treatment of localised NSCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  We undertook a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with non-resectable NSCLC treated with high-dose (74Gy) standard-fractionation 3D-CRT, with particular attention to the relationship between lung and heart radiation-induced toxicities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty patients (41 males, 9 females) were included. A total of 35 (70%) patients received the planned total dose of 74Gy. Patients irradiated to inferior doses interrupted the treatment because of limiting toxicities. Induction and concurrent chemotherapy was delivered to 39 (78%) and 14 (28%) patients, respectively. Eight (16%) patients experienced grade 3-4 acute lung toxicity, all of them having a history of pulmonary disease, a FEV1 below 1.6 L, and a lung V(20) of at least 25%. Three (6%) patients were deemed to experience radiation-induced cardiac toxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study assesses the feasibility of delivering a total dose of 74 Gy combined with chemotherapy in locally advanced NSCLC. High lung and heart V(20) increases the risk of radiation-induced lung and cardiac toxicity, the later being highly difficult to precisely assess, as late deaths are rarely documented, and responsibility of the treatment might be often underestimated. The precise evaluation of cardiac condition may be helpful to spare fragile patients from potentially toxic effects of high-dose radiation, especially in controlled trials.
authors.affiliation: Département de radiothérapie-oncologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 165 chemin du Grand-Revoyet, Pierre-Bénite cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bellière
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chapet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khodri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubas
authors.forename: P-J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Souquet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mornex
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies