Generation of high affinity monoclonal antibodies for the prevention of HIV infection.
The most critical issue for the application of high affinity monoclonal antibodies is their creation. Here, we summarize the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which high affinity antibodies are generated, and then review the attempts of many investigators to create high affinity monoclonal antibodies against various target molecules. High affinity monoclonal antibodies are generated by one or a combination of the following three major methods. (1) The improvement of antibody affinity by introducing mutations in the immunoglobulin V-region genes by in vitro mutagenesis. (2) Screening many clones from a random combinatory repertoire of IgV-region genes using a phage library established in yeast or bacteria. (3) Attempting to introduce many somatic hypermutation of IgV-region genes. We summarize the advantages and applications of each of these methods including recent patents to facilitate informed individual choice. We also extend our review to the current creation of antibodies for HIV research.
Sakaguchi
Nobuo
N
Department of Immunology, Kumamoto University, Honjo, Japan. nobusaka@gpo.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
Toda
Teppei
T
Nakaya
Teruo
T
Kitabatake
Masataka
M
Maeda
Kazuhiko
K
Kuwahara
Kazuhiko
K
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000915:Antibody Affinity; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D010330:Patents as Topic
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region