title: Radiographic TMJ abnormalities in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis followed for 27 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess temporomandibular joint (TMJ) abnormalities in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) by longitudinal radiographic examinations from childhood to adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiographic TMJ evaluations of 60 JIA patients were obtained at baseline (mean age 8.6 years, mean disease duration 3.2 years) and 1 to 3 times thereafter, with the final examination on average 27 years after baseline. A radiographic grading system for severity of TMJ abnormality was applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cumulative radiographic TMJ abnormalities increased from baseline to final examination (42% to 75%, P < .001), as did bilateral TMJ involvement (60% to 82%, P < .001). Of patients with TMJ abnormalities, 53% showed progression, and 16% revealed signs of improvement. TMJ abnormalities were associated with physical limitations at baseline and reduced well-being and more extensive joint involvement at the final examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of TMJ abnormalities in JIA was high and increased from childhood to adulthood. Although progression of TMJ abnormalities was the general rule, near normalization also occurred on occasion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Radiology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. lindaza@odont.uio.no
authors.forename: Linda Z
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Arvidsson
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Flatø
authors.forename: Tore A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Larheim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014056:Tomography, X-Ray
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents