title: Alterations in maximal inspiratory mouth pressure during a 400-m maximum effort front-crawl swimming trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the changes of maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (PImax) during a 400-m front crawl swimming trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven well-trained competitive swimmers (age: 17.6+/-0.8 years, mean+/-SE) performed a 400-m front-crawl trial with maximum effort (296.2+/-4.76 s). Then, on different days they swam a 300-m, 200-m and 100-m trials at a velocity corresponding to the 400-m trial. Measurements of PImax from residual volume at upright body position before and immediately after each trial were conducted using a portable mouth pressure meter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maximal inspiratory mouth pressure did not change significantly after the 100-m and 200-m trial compared to baseline (131.8+/-9.7 and 123.7+/-10.3 vs. 140.9+/-8.9 cmH(2)O, P>0.05). However, PImax was significantly lower after the 300-m (118.8+/-7 cmH(2)O, P=0.02) and 400-m trials (118.1+/-9.9 cmH(2)O, P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that during a maximum effort of 400-m front crawl, the reduction of inspiratory muscle strength occurs after 300-m. This should be considered for competitive swimming training by implementing swim race distance-specific respiratory muscle training.
authors.affiliation: Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Komotini, Greece.
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Thomaidis
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Toubekis
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Mpousmoukilia
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Douda
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Antoniou
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Tokmakidis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000399:Air Pressure; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D001239:Inhalation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D009055:Mouth / Q000502:physiology; D053580:Muscle Strength; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*