Serum S-100B is superior to neuron-specific enolase as an early prognostic biomarker for neurological outcome following cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
BACKGROUND
Most patients with cardiac arrest (CA) admitted to hospitals after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are discharged with various degree of neurological deficits. To determine predictor of neurological outcome early and accurately, and to determine cutoff values, serum levels of protein S-100B and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) within 24h after CA were assessed.


RESULTS
A multicenter prospective observational study was conducted between May 2007 and April 2008 at three medical institutions in Japan on 107 consecutive non-traumatic CA patients with return of spontaneous circulation after CPR. Based on "best-ever achieved" Glasgow-Pittsburgh cerebral performance categories (CPC) score within 6 months after CA, patients were classified into a "poor neurological outcome" group (CPC3 to CPC5) (n=67) and "favorable neurological outcome" group (CPC1 and CPC2) (n=13). Blood was sampled on admission, at 6 and 24h after CA. Serum S-100B and NSE in "poor outcome" group were higher than those in "favorable outcome" group (P<0.01). On ROC analysis, area under the curve of S-100B was 0.85, 0.94 and 1.0, respectively. These were greater than those of NSE at all sampling points. The "100%-specific" cutoff values of S-100B predictive of poor neurological outcome were 1.41, 0.21, and 0.05ng/mL, respectively. These values corresponded to sensitivities of 20.9%, 62.8%, and 100%, respectively, each of which was higher than those of NSE.


CONCLUSIONS
S-100B is more reliable as an early predictor of poor neurological outcome within 24h after CA than NSE and can be applied clinically.
Shinozaki
Koichiro
K
Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8677, Japan. shino@gk9.so-net.ne.jp
Oda
Shigeto
S
Sadahiro
Tomohito
T
Nakamura
Masataka
M
Abe
Ryuzo
R
Nakada
Taka-Aki
TA
Nomura
Fumio
F
Nakanishi
Kazuya
K
Kitamura
Nobuya
N
Hirasawa
Hiroyuki
H
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000097:blood*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase