title: Effects of protein supplementation in chronic hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the impact of oral protein supplementation given during hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis on nutritional status, number of hospitalizations, and length of stay.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a randomized crossover design in which serum albumin, normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR), total hospitalizations, and length of stay were compared in patients who received protein supplements with those who did not. The study was conducted for 1 year (November 2005 to October 2006).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted at an outpatient dialysis facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-nine patients were treated with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis for at least 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nPCR significantly increased by month 4 of treatment from a baseline of 1.05 to 1.16 (P = .007). The control group had a significant decline in nPCR during the first 6 months, from 1.11 to 0.98 (P = .038). Improvement was evident in albumin by month 3, from 3.49 to 3.52 (P = .035), but this was not sustained. In the second 6 months, the control group had a significant drop, from 3.35 to 3.19 (P = .014), and the difference between the protein-supplementation and control groups was significant during the second 6 months (P = .037). The nPCR also dropped significantly (P = .024) for the control group in the second 6 months. When protein supplementation ended, weight dropped significantly for those with a body mass index of <20. Trends toward a reduction in hospitalization admissions and hospital days were seen in both crossover treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In-center supplementation of protein generally improves serum markers of nutrition overall, and when it is discontinued, these markers decline. Larger studies are needed to confirm the trends that we observed regarding nutritional markers and reductions in hospitalizations and hospitalization days.
authors.affiliation: Outpatient Dialysis Unit, St. Patrick Hospital, Missoula, MT 59802, USA. hmoretti@saintpatrick.org
authors.forename: Heidi D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Tammy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Keeling-Hathaway
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003094:Collagen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D011506:Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012996:Solutions; D003094:Collagen