title: Metastases to supramandibular facial lymph nodes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the frequency of metastases to supramandibular facial lymph nodes (SFLNs) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity.
  
  
  METHODS
  SFLNs were identified and removed during neck dissection from 43 patients with oral SCC. All of them were histopathologically and immunohistochemically examined, to detect possible metastases and micrometastases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metastases to SFLNs were present in 6 patients (13.95%). Metastases were much more common among patients with palpable neck nodes, larger size of the primary site, advanced TNM stage, and greater age and those in whom the primary site was located in the mucosa of the alveolar ridge of the mandible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical procedures in the region of the SFLNs must be performed very carefully, because of their close relation with the marginal mandibular nerve. In patients with oral SCC and palpable neck nodes, those with advanced disease, and those in whom the primary site is located in the mucosa of the alveolar ridge of the mandible, removal of SFLNs must be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Athens, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece. vasipets@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: Vassilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petsinis
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Papadogeorgakis
authors.forename: Ioulia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Evangelou
authors.forename: Lampros
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goutzanis
authors.forename: Ekaterini
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pandelidaki
authors.forename: Constantinos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alexandridis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000556:secondary*; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D037981:Neck Dissection / Q000379:methods*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies