title: Frontolimbic responses to emotional face memory: the neural correlates of first impressions.
abstract: First impressions, especially of emotional faces, may critically impact later evaluation of social interactions. Activity in limbic regions, including the amygdala and ventral striatum, has previously been shown to correlate with identification of emotional content in faces; however, little work has been done describing how these signals may influence emotional face memory. We report an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study in 21 healthy adults where subjects attempted to recognize a neutral face that was previously viewed with a threatening (angry or fearful) or nonthreatening (happy or sad) affect. In a hypothesis-driven region of interest analysis, we found that neutral faces previously presented with a threatening affect recruited the left amygdala. In contrast, faces previously presented with a nonthreatening affect activated the left ventral striatum. A whole-brain analysis revealed increased response in the right orbitofrontal cortex to faces previously seen with threatening affect. These effects of prior emotion were independent of task performance, with differences being seen in the amygdala and ventral striatum even if only incorrect trials were considered. The results indicate that a network of frontolimbic regions may provide emotional bias signals during facial recognition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. Ted.Satterthwaite@uphs.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Theodore D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Satterthwaite
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Ruben C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Gur
authors.forename: Kosha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ruparel
authors.forename: Jeffrey N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Valdez
authors.forename: Raquel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gur
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loughead
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008032:Limbic System / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen