Clinico-hematological and micronuclear changes induced by cypermethrin in broiler chicks: Their attenuation with vitamin E and selenium.
This study was carried out on 90 one-day-old broiler chicks to know clinico-hematological alterations, DNA damage caused by cypermethrin (CY), and attenuation of toxic effects by vitamin E (Vit E) and selenium (Se). Birds were randomly divided into five equal groups. Groups 1-4 received CY (600mlkg(-1)b.wt) daily for 30 days by crop tubing. In addition to CY, groups 2, 3 and 4 received Vit E (150mgkg(-1)b.wt), Se (0.25mgkg(-1)b.wt), and Vit E (150mgkg(-1)b.wt)+Se (0.25mgkg(-1)b.wt), respectively. Group 5 served as control. Birds were monitored twice daily for clinical signs. They were weighed and blood samples were collected at experimental days 10, 20 and 30 for hematological studies. CY-treated birds showed more prominent signs of toxicity compared to CY+Vit E, CY+Se and CY+Vit E+Se birds. Body weight in groups 1-3 was significantly (P<0.05) smaller at days 20 and 30 when compared with the control group. Significantly (P<0.001) higher numbers of micronuclei appeared in chicks treated with CY compared to CY+Vit E- and CY+Se-treated birds. Significantly decreased total erythrocyte counts (TEC), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and packed cell volume (PCV) in all treated groups were recorded. Treated birds suffered from macrocytic hypochromic anemia. Leukocytosis in early stage and later leucopenia was seen in treated birds. It can be concluded that CY induces toxic effects in broilers chicks; however, these toxic effects can be ameliorated by Vit E or Se. Combination of Vit E and Se was more effective to ameliorate toxic effects of cypermethrin.
Sharaf
Summaira
S
Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Khan
Ahrar
A
Khan
Muhammad Zargham
MZ
Aslam
Faiza
F
Saleemi
Muhammad Kashif
MK
Mahmood
Fazal
F
D000747:Anemia, Hypochromic / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D000748:Anemia, Macrocytic / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004906:Erythrocyte Count; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000187:drug effects; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000975:Antioxidants; D006454:Hemoglobins; D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D014810:Vitamin E; C017160:cypermethrin; D018038:Sodium Selenite