title: Depressive status does not alter renal oxidative and immunological parameters during early diabetic nephropathy in rats.
abstract: Depression is frequently observed among patients with diabetes and depressive status has been associated to activation of inflammatory processes, suggesting a role of depression in the inflammatory events observed in diabetes. To test that proposal, it was studied the effect of depression induced by forced swimming test (FST) on the evolution of early diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection. Rats were submitted to FST for 15 days. Struggle time was determined during FST and motor activity previously to FST. Nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione and catalase activity were measured in kidney homogenates by enzymatic and biochemical methods. Superoxide anion, monocyte/macrophage (ED-1 positive cells) and RAGE were determined by histochemical and immunohistochemical methods. Diabetic rats had decreased struggle time and locomotor activity at day 1 of FST. Both control and diabetic rats had those parameters decreased at day 15. Renal oxidative stress, RAGE expression and ED-1 cells were observed increased in diabetic animals. Those parameters were not significantly altered by FST. The depressive status does not alter oxidative and immune parameters during the early renal changes of diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Clinicas Dr. Americo Negrette, Maracaibo, Venezuela.
authors.forename: Jaimar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rincon
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pedreañez
authors.forename: Ninoska
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Viera
authors.forename: Jose L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Arcaya
authors.forename: Edgardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carrizo
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mosquera
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000276:immunology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009042:Motivation; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000276:immunology; D011598:Psychoneuroimmunology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D013481:Superoxides; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005978:Glutathione