title: Simulation of realistic retinoscopic measurement.
abstract: Realistic simulation of ophthalmic measurements on normal and diseased eyes is presented. We use clinical data of ametropic and keratoconus patients to construct anatomically accurate three-dimensional eye models and simulate the measurement of a streak retinoscope with all the optical elements. The results show the clinical observations including the anomalous motion in high myopia and the scissors reflex in keratoconus. The demonstrated technique can be applied to other ophthalmic instruments and to other and more extensively abnormal eye conditions. It provides promising features for medical training and for evaluating and developing ocular instruments.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Ying-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Swartz
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang