title: In vitro testing of the osteoinductive potential of different bony allograft preparations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bony allografts are used frequently in the clinic for bone defect filling, however, less comparative data concerning their osteoinductive potential are available.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was the comparative analysis of different allograft preparations. From five donors, we investigated fresh-frozen cancellous bone (native), peracetic acid–ethanol sterilized (PES) cancellous bone, cortical bone and demineralised bone matrix (DBM). In addition, two commercially available DBM products from five different donors were analyzed: Allomatrix® (Wright Medical Technology Inc.) and DBX putty® (Synthes GmbH). For positive control and as a clinically used growth factor, BMP-2 was chosen.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the osteoinductivity C2C12 cells were cultured with the different materials and the effect on cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Proliferation was significantly enhanced by the native cancellous bone, Allomatrix, and BMP-2 and decreased by the PES-processed cancellous bone. The osteogenic differentiation was significantly enhanced by BMP-2 and the two commercial DBM products and decreased by PES-sterilized cancellous bone. All tested materials revealed a high donor-dependent variability. This is the first comparative study on the osteoinductivity of bony allografts frequently used in clinic.
authors.affiliation: Julius WolV Institut, Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bormann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pruss
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmidmaier
authors.forename: Britt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wildemann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013242:Sterilization; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D018786:Bone Substitutes