title: Sacral nerve stimulation in faecal incontinence: position statement based on a collective experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since the first paper published by Matzel et al., in 1995, on the efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) in patients with faecal incontinence, the indications, the contraindications, the stimulation technique and follow up of implanted patients have changed. The aim of this article was to provide a consensus opinion on the management of patients with faecal incontinence treated with SNS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recommendations were based on a critical review of the literature when available and on expert opinions in areas with insufficient evidence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have reviewed the indications and contraindications, proposed an algorithm for patient management showing the place of SNS. The temporary test technique, the implantation technique, the patient follow up and the approach in case of treatment failure were discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We hope not only to provide a guide on patient management to clinical practitioners interested in SNS but also to harmonize our practices.
authors.affiliation: ADEN EA 3234/IFRMP 23, Faculté de Médecine de Rouen, France. anne-marie.leroi@chu-rouen.fr
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Leroi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Damon
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Faucheron
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lehur
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siproudhis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Slim
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Barbieux
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borie
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bresler
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Desfourneaux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goudet
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huten
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lebreton
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mathieu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meurette
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mathonnet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mion
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Orsoni
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Parc
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Portier
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rullier
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sielezneff
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zerbib
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Michot
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000294:innervation*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region / Q000294:innervation