title: Association of psoriasis with coronary artery, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular diseases and mortality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the cardiovascular risk factors in patients with psoriasis and the association between psoriasis and coronary artery, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Large Department of Veterans Affairs hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 3236 patients with psoriasis and 2500 patients without psoriasis (controls).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes, we compared the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and other vascular diseases as well as mortality between patients with psoriasis and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Similar to previous studies, we found a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking in patients with psoriasis. After controlling for these variables, we found a higher prevalence not only of ischemic heart disease (odds ratio [OR], 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.51-2.11) but also of cerebrovascular (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.33-2.17) and peripheral vascular (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.32-2.82) diseases in patients with psoriasis compared with controls. Psoriasis was also found to be an independent risk factor for mortality (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.56-2.21).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psoriasis is associated with atherosclerosis. This association applies to coronary artery, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular diseases and results in increased mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA. rkirsner@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Srjdan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prodanovich
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kirsner
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kravetz
authors.forename: Fangchao
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Federman
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002423:Cause of Death; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016019:Survival Analysis