title: Molecular mechanisms controlling pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis leaves.
abstract: Pavement cells have an interlocking jigsaw puzzle-shaped leaf surface pattern. Twenty-three genes involved in the pavement cell morphogenesis were discovered until now. The mutations of these genes through various means lead to pavement cell shape defects, such as loss or lack of interdigitation, the reduction of lobing, gaps between lobe and neck regions in pavement cells, and distorted trichomes. These phenotypes are affected by the organization of microtubules and microfilaments. Microtubule bands are considered corresponding with the neck regions of the cell, while lobe formation depends on patches of microfilaments. The pathway of Rho of plant (ROP) GTPase signaling cascades regulates overall activity of the cytoskeleton in pavement cells. Some other proteins, in addition to the ROPs, SCAR/WAVE, and ARP2/3 complexes, are also involved in the pavement cell morphogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Arid and Grassland Ecology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 730000, Gansu, China.
authors.forename: Pingping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Suiwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Guangqin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D048430:Cell Shape; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008870:Microtubules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins