title: Laying performance and egg quality of blue-shelled layers as affected by different housing systems.
abstract: Blue-shelled eggs are gaining popularity as the consumption demand diversifies in some countries. This study was carried out to investigate the laying performance and egg quality of the blue-shelled egg layers as well as the effects of different housing systems on egg production and quality traits. One thousand pullets from Dongxiang blue-shelled layers were divided into 2 even groups and kept in different housing systems (outdoor vs. cage). Daily laying performance was recorded from 20 to 60 wk of age. External and internal egg quality traits were examined at 26, 34, 42, and 50 wk. Yolk cholesterol concentration and whole egg cholesterol content were measured at 40 wk of age. Average laying rate from 20 to 60 wk for the cage (54.7%) was significantly higher than that of outdoor layers (39.3%). Among all of the egg quality traits, only eggshell color was affected by housing system. Interaction between housing system and layer age was found in egg weight, eggshell color, eggshell ratio, yolk color, and yolk weight. Meanwhile, cholesterol concentration in yolk was 8.64 +/- 0.40 mg/g in the outdoor eggs, which was significantly lower than that of eggs from the cage birds (10.32 +/- 0.48 mg/g; P < 0.05). Whole egg cholesterol content in the outdoor eggs (125.23 +/- 6.32 mg/egg) was also significantly lower than that of eggs from the caged layers (158.01 +/- 8.62 mg/egg). The results demonstrated that blue-shelled layers have lower productivity in the outdoor system than in the cage system. Blue-shelled layers have lower egg weight, larger yolk proportion, and lower cholesterol content compared with commercial layers. In a proper marketing system, lower productivity could be balanced by a higher price for the better quality of blue-shelled eggs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: X L
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Z H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: G Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004531:Eggs / Q000145:classification*; D005260:Female; D006799:Housing, Animal; D010058:Oviposition / Q000502:physiology*; D010860:Pigments, Biological
chemical_list: D010860:Pigments, Biological