title: Characterization and immunostimulatory activity of a polysaccharide from the spores of Ganoderma lucidum.
abstract: Spores of Ganoderma lucidum contain a large amount of bioactive substances and have a higher bioactivity than the fruit bodies of G. lucidum. However, ingredients from spores are less studied due to the difficulties in collecting the spores and breaking the rigid shell. In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide named GSG was extracted from the spores of G. lucidum. GSG is characterized to be a branched glucan that contains several different kinds of linkages. It was an effective inducer of MAPKs- and Syk-dependent TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion in murine resident peritoneal macrophages. Dectin-1 could recognize GSG and partially mediate its biological activities. Additionally, in vivo administration of GSG potentiated the Con A-induced proliferative response of splenocytes and induced anti-tumor activity against Lewis lung cancer in mice. Therefore, these results suggest that GSG is an effective immunomodulator and may be a promising adjuvant remedy for anti-tumor therapies.
authors.affiliation: Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College and Institutes of Biomedical Science of Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jianhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Kangli
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhihui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020940:Reishi; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000378:metabolism; D000072377:Syk Kinase; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000072377:Syk Kinase; C000606897:Syk protein, mouse; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases