title: Giant mediastinal parathyroid adenoma: a case report.
abstract: A 65 year old female patient suffering from multinodular goitre and from hypercalcaemic syndrome which had been and was being treated with drugs for a number of years. The patient undergoes total thyroidectomy. Surgical neck and anterior mediastinum exploration was negative for sick parathyroids. Neck and chest TC and 'TC sestamibi scintigraphy showed the presence of a 7 cm hyperfunctional ectopic parathyroid tissue in the postero-superior mediastinum infiltrating oesophagus. Video bronchoscopy revealed an extrinsic compression of the trachea. The patient underwent surgery. Through right postero-lateral thoracotomy and mediastinal pleura incision, the adenoma excision was carried out. The histological examination revealed a potentially malignant parathyroid adenoma with infiltration, without over-reaching the capsule. The surgical treatment resulted in an immediate resolution of the clinical symptomatology. One year later, the follow up was shown no observable relapse with normal calcium and PTH values. Today, the tendency to minimally invasive surgery, an accurate preoperative localization of the adenoma and the use of techniques such as intra-surgical nuclear mapping through manual gamma probes, selective angiography, venous intraoperative dosage of PTH and intra-surgical ultrasound scan.
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Catania, Dipartimento Scienze chirurgiche, Trapianti d'Organo e Tecnologie avanzate, Unità Operativa Clinicizzata di Endocrinochirurgia P.O.U. S. Luigi-S. Currò.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costanzo
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terminella
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marziani
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chisari
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Missiato
authors.forename: Matteo Angelo
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cannizzaro
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D002828:Choristoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010280:Parathyroid Glands; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016105:Parathyroidectomy; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi