Welcoming low testosterone as a cardiovascular risk factor.
Male hypogonadism now has a new spectrum of complications. They are mainly cardiometabolic in nature. Low serum testosterone levels are a risk factor for diabetes, metabolic syndrome, inflammation and dyslipidemia. These metabolic and inflammatory complications are not without consequences. Recent studies have shown low serum testosterone levels to be an independent risk factor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. It is time to welcome low serum testosterone levels as a cardiovascular risk factor.
Maggio
M
M
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Basaria
S
S
D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency
D015415:Biomarkers; D013739:Testosterone