Definitive altered fractionation radiotherapy and concomitant weekly cisplatin for locally advanced head and neck cancer.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy and toxicities of single-agent weekly cisplatin for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated definitively with radiation therapy (RT).


METHODS
Thirty-five patients with American Joint Committee of Cancer stage II (3%), stage III (14%), or stage IV (83%) squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx, larynx, or hypopharynx treated from June 2000 to November 2003 at the University of Florida were retrospectively reviewed. Subjects received radiation therapy (RT; median, 74.4 Gy) and cisplatin, 30 mg/m2/wk. Altered fractionation was used in 34 of 35 (97%) patients. The endpoints were best response, percentage of grade III or IV toxicities, local-regional control, disease-free survival, cause-specific survival, and overall survival.


RESULTS
The median number of cycles of cisplatin administered was 6. Grade III or IV toxicities were: anemia, 11%; thrombocytopenia, 6%; leukopenia, 26%; and mucositis, 23%. No patients had renal failure and 1 patient (3%) died because of therapy-related complications. Responses to therapy included 71% complete response, 17% partial response, and 6% stable disease. Median follow-up for all patients was 1.8 years (range, 0.1-7.8 years); median follow-up for living patients was 4.4 years (range, 2.6-7.8 years). The 3-year outcomes were: local-regional control, 85%; disease-free survival, 56%; cause-specific survival, 59%; and overall survival, 40%.


CONCLUSIONS
Concomitant weekly CDDP with definitive RT is feasible, tolerable, highly active, and comparable with more complex, costly, and toxic regimens. Intercurrent disease was a significant contributor to mortality in our population. Our regimen is an attractive alternative to sequential chemoradiotherapy programs.
Boulmay
Brian C
BC
Division of Hematology or Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Chera
Bhishamjit S
BS
Morris
Christopher G
CG
Kirwan
Jessica
J
Riggs
Charles E
CE
Lawson
Michael
M
Mendenhall
William M
WM
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D059248:Chemoradiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin