title: Rostral anterior cingulate cortex theta current density and response to antidepressants and placebo in major depression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether pretreatment theta current density in the rostral anterior cingulate (rACC) and medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) differentiates responders from non-responders to antidepressant medication or placebo in a double-blinded study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pretreatment EEGs were collected from 72 subjects with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) who participated in one of three placebo-controlled trials. Subjects were randomized to receive treatment with fluoxetine, venlafaxine, or placebo. Low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) was used to assess theta current density in the rACC and mOFC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Medication responders showed elevated rACC and mOFC theta current density compared to medication non-responders (rACC: p=0.042; mOFC: p=0.039). There was no significant difference in either brain region between placebo responders and placebo non-responders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Theta current density in the rACC and mOFC may be useful as a biomarker for prediction of response to antidepressant medication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first double-blinded treatment study to examine pretreatment rACC and mOFC theta current density in relation to antidepressant response and placebo response. Results support the potential clinical utility of this approach for predicting clinical outcome to antidepressant treatments in MDD.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Brain, Behavior, and Pharmacology, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior at UCLA, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA. alexkorb@ucla.edu
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Korb
authors.forename: Aimee M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Leuchter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013826:Theta Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000069470:Venlafaxine Hydrochloride; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D003511:Cyclohexanols; D005473:Fluoxetine; D000069470:Venlafaxine Hydrochloride