title: Treatment fidelity as a predictor of behaviour change in parents attending group-based parent training.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Change in parenting skills, particularly increased positive parenting, has been identified as the key component of successful evidence-based parent training (PT), playing a causal role in subsequent child behaviour change for both prevention and treatment of Conduct Disorder. The amount of change in parenting skills observed after PT varies and may be accounted for by both the content of the programme and by the level of PT implementer process skills. Such variation in implementer skills is an important component in the assessment of treatment fidelity, itself an essential factor in successful intervention outcome.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish whether the Leader Observation Tool, a reliable and valid process skills fidelity measure, can predict change in parenting skills after attendance on the Incredible Years PT programme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive leader skills categories of the Leader Observation Tool significantly predicted change in both parent-reported and independently observed parenting skills behaviour, which in turn, predicted change in child behaviour outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Delivering an intervention with a high level of treatment fidelity not only preserves the behaviour change mechanisms of the intervention, but can also predict parental behaviour change, which itself predicts child behaviour change as a result of treatment.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, College of Health and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, UK. c.eames@bangor.ac.uk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eames
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daley
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hutchings
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Whitaker
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bywater
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult