title: Minimal clinically important differences (MCID) and patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) for visual analog scales (VAS) measuring pain in patients treated for rotator cuff disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The MCID is the smallest difference in an outcome score which a patient perceives as beneficial. The PASS is the score below which patients consider themselves well. The purpose of this study was to determine the MCID and PASS for a visual analog scale (VAS) measuring pain in patients treated for rotator cuff disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  81 patients with rotator cuff disease were evaluated after 6 weeks of non-operative treatment with a VAS measuring pain and two transition questions utilized in determining the MCID and PASS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MCID and PASS were estimated to be 1.4 cm (P = .0255) and 3 cm (95% CI - 22.69, 37.31) on a 10 cm VAS measuring pain, respectively. Age (P = .0492) and hand-dominance (P = .0325) affected the MCID while age (P = .0376) and duration of follow-up (P = .0131) affected the PASS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MCID and PASS estimates provide the basis to determine if statistically significant changes in VAS pain scores after treatment are clinically important and if the treatment allowed patients to achieve a satisfactory state.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level 3; Nonconsecutive series of patients, diagnostic study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA. Robert.Tashjian@hsc.utah.edu
authors.forename: Robert Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Tashjian
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deloach
authors.forename: Christina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Porucznik
authors.forename: Amy P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017006:Rotator Cuff; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult