title: Quantification of regional calcium burden in chronic total occlusion by 64-slice multi-detector computed tomography and procedural outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the most important reasons for failure of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in chronic total occlusion (CTO) is calcified plaque, which either prevents passage of guide wire or ruptures after balloon inflation. We sought to evaluate whether quantified calcium contents of CTO on multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) correlate with immediate procedural outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four patients with 72 CTO lesions who underwent 64-slice MDCT prior to PCI were investigated. The lesions were divided into 2 groups according to procedural outcomes (55 lesions with PCI-success group, 17 lesions with PCI-failure group). Clinical, angiographic and MDCT parameters, including regional calcium volume (RCaV), regional calcium score (RCaS), regional calcium equivalent mass (RCaEq), and relative calcium area at the most calcified cross section of CTO (%CaS/CSA), were compared between the two groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The duration of CTO was shorter in PCI-success group than PCI-failure group (7.16 ± 10.5 vs 15.59 ± 14.92 months, p=0.011), and the procedural success rate was 76.3%. Regional calcium-related parameters (RCaV 52.86 ± 58.39 vs 7.26 ± 15.27 mm(3), p<0.001; RCaS 72.71 ± 78.4 vs 9.66 ± 20.2, p<0.001; RCaEq 12.58 ± 12.97 vs 1.84 ± 3.716 mgCaHA, p<0.001; %CaS/CSA 53.9 ± 20.3 vs 30.4 ± 17.1%, p=0.009) in the occluded segment were higher and the occlusion length was longer (37.44 ± 27.48 vs 22.00 ± 18.04 mm, p<0.021) in PCI-failure group compared to PCI-success group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that only %CaS/CSA was a significant determinant of PCI-failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Precise quantification of regional calcification and measurement of the occluded segment by high resolution MDCT can deliver important information for predicting procedural outcomes in PCI of CTO.
authors.affiliation: Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Cardiology Division, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Rae
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Young Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chul-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Jae-Youn
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Jung-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myeong Kon
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Guk
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Donghoon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Namsik
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Kyu-Ok
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Won-Heum
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Seung-Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yangsoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium