Suicides by jumping from iconic bridges in Hong Kong.
BACKGROUND
Three bridges in Hong Kong have become iconic sites for suicide since their openings 11 years ago.


OBJECTIVE
This retrospective record-based study aimed to examine suicides by jumping from a group of three iconic bridges in Hong Kong, and to explore potential preventive strategies on these bridges to prevent future suicide.


METHODS
We examined the Coroner's files of 12 people who killed themselves by jumping from the bridges between 1997 and 2007. We also examined the Coroner's files of other suicides in 2003, and compared them with the bridge suicides.


RESULTS
The majority of the suicides were male, middle-age (40-59 years), married or cohabiting, not living alone, employed or self-employed, and in financial difficulty. None of these cases had a reported psychiatric diagnosis or psychiatric care history, and only one case had a history of suicidal attempt. Compared with other suicides in Hong Kong, the bridge jumpers were more likely to be younger, holding a job, indebted, free from a psychiatric and attempt history, and to leave a suicide note (p < .05). The bridge suicide cases in Hong Kong also appeared to be different from the profiles of bridge jumpers in other countries.


CONCLUSIONS
Erection of an effective safety barrier has been found to prevent bridge suicides in many countries. Given the different characteristics of bridge jumpers in Hong Kong and the technical difficulties, more innovative ways may be needed to prevent suicides by such means. Potential prevention measures are discussed and, hopefully, will better inform the future design and development of bridges of significance.
Wong
P W C
PW
The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China. paulw@hku.hk
Chan
W S C
WS
Lau
T K
TK
Morgan
P R
PR
Yip
P S F
PS
D000328:Adult; D000531:Altitude; D002423:Cause of Death; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012449:Safety; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013405:Suicide / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014186:Transportation; D000092864:Suicide Prevention