title: Tranexamic acid protects against rotenone-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
abstract: Rotenone is a pesticide that has been shown to induce the pathological symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) in animal models. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of tranexamic acid (TA) on rotenone-induced apoptosis in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. TA blocked the rotenone-induced phosphorylation of JNK and P38, the downregulation of BCL2 and the upregulation of BAX. Furthermore, TA not only decreased the rotenone-induced cleavage of caspase 9, PARP, and caspase 3, but also increased caspase 3 enzymatic activity. Our findings indicate that TA is able to protect neuronal cells against apoptosis and suggest that TA might potentially serve as an agent for prevention or therapy of PD.
authors.affiliation: Kohwang Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hak-Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hae Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyun Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Joo-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D020169:Caspases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018890:Chemoprevention; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012402:Rotenone / Q000633:toxicity*; D014148:Tranexamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D007306:Insecticides; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D012402:Rotenone; D014148:Tranexamic Acid; C499322:Parp1 protein, rat; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020169:Caspases