title: Incidence of and risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy after cardiac catheterization in Japanese patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is the third leading cause of all hospital-acquired renal insufficiency, accounting for 10%, and is associated with increased long-term mortality. The incidence of and risk factors for CIN after cardiac catheterization in Japanese patients are, however, unknown at present.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 1,157 consecutive patients who underwent cardiac catheterization at Kyoto University Hospital from January 2003 to December 2004 were retrospectively examined. The incidence of CIN defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine (SCr) > or =0.5 mg/dl, a relative > or =25% increase in SCr, and either an absolute or relative increase after cardiac catheterization were 4.0%, 13.8%, and 13.9%, respectively. Multivariate logistic models revealed that preexisting renal insufficiency and the use of high-volume contrast were independently associated with an absolute increase in SCr > or =0.5 mg/dl. Female gender, underweight, and high-volume contrast usage were independently associated with a relative > or =25% increase and either an absolute or relative increase in SCr.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the incidence of and risk factors for CIN after cardiac catheterization varied in the study population according to the definition of CIN, careful attention should be paid to patients who have risk factors identified by each definition of CIN.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Japan. mitsuru@hsp.ncvc.go.jp
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013851:Thinness
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media