Low-dose propofol sedation for diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy: results in 10,662 adults.
OBJECTIVE
The use of propofol sedation during endoscopic procedures has increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of nurse-administered low-dose propofol sedation for diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).


METHODS
We prospectively assessed the outcome and complications of low-dose bolus propofol for endoscopic sedation for diagnostic EGD. Propofol was administered by bolus injection, with a standard protocol of 40 mg for patients <70 years old, 30 mg for patients 70-89 years old, and 20 mg for patients 90 years or older. When required for adequate sedation, additional doses were given, to a maximum of 120 mg. The primary outcome measure was respiratory depression, defined as oxygen desaturation (SpO(2) <90%) that continued for more than 20 s. Secondary measures included successful procedures, full recovery within 60 min of the procedure, and complications.


RESULTS
All procedures were successful; 8,431 of 10,662 patients (79.1%) completed diagnostic EGD with a single bolus of propofol. Only 0.26% (28 patients) required transient supplemental oxygen supply; neither mask ventilation nor endotracheal intubation was required. Full recovery occurred in 99.9% of patients 60 min after the procedure. Men and younger patients required significantly higher doses of propofol than did the women and older patients (men vs. women, 46.5+/-19 vs. 42.7+/-15 mg, P=0.0008; age 40-49 vs. age 50-59, 51.5+/-16 vs. 46.3+/-13 mg, P<0.0001). Of the 400 patients, 368 (92%) wanted to drive home or to their offices, and all did so without incident. A total of 99% were willing to repeat the same procedure again.


CONCLUSIONS
Low-dose nurse-administered propofol sedation is safe and practical for diagnostic EGD.
Horiuchi
Akira
A
Department of Gastroenterology, Showa Inan General Hospital, Komagane, Japan. horiuchi.akira@sihp.jp
Nakayama
Yoshiko
Y
Hidaka
Nao
N
Ichise
Yasuyuki
Y
Kajiyama
Masashi
M
Tanaka
Naoki
N
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D004066:Digestive System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009719:Nurse Anesthetists; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011336:Probability; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors
D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015742:Propofol