title: Kinetic and thermodynamic characterization of single-mismatch discrimination using single-molecule imaging.
abstract: A single-molecule detection setup based on total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy has been used to investigate association and dissociation kinetics of unlabeled 30mer DNA strands. Single-molecule sensitivity was accomplished by letting unlabeled DNA target strands mediate the binding of DNA-modified and fluorescently labeled liposomes to a DNA-modified surface. The liposomes, acting as signal enhancer elements, enabled the number of binding events as well as the residence time for high affinity binders (K(d) < 1 nM, k(off) < 0.01 s(-1)) to be collected under equilibrium conditions at low pM concentrations. The mismatch discrimination obtained from the residence time data was shown to be concentration and temperature independent in intervals of 1-100 pM and 23-46 degrees C, respectively. This suggests the method as a robust means for detection of point mutations at low target concentrations in, for example, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gunnarsson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jönsson
authors.forename: Vladimir P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Zhdanov
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Höök
mesh_terms: D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008081:Liposomes; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D004247:DNA