title: Type II high-strength Bragg grating waveguides photowritten with ultrashort laser pulses.
abstract: A one-step type II photosensitivity process has been optimized for inscribing strong >30-dB first-order Bragg-gratings during laser formation of buried waveguides in borosilicate glass. Mode profiles, propagation losses, waveguide birefringence and transmission and reflection spectra were systematically studied in the 1550-nm telecom band over a wide range of laser exposure conditions. Low-loss and birefringence-free waveguides are reported for a narrow laser processing window of 1.0 +/- 0.2 ps pulse duration, yielding highly stable Bragg resonances to temperatures up to 500 degrees C.
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shane M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Eaton
authors.forename: Jianzhao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Amir H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Nejadmalayeri
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Herman