title: Self-injurious behaviour in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: 1. Prevalence and phenomenology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Self-injurious behaviour is frequently identified as part of the behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS). We conducted a case-control study of the prevalence and phenomenology of self-injurious behaviour (SIB) in CdLS.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 54 participants with CdLS were compared with 46 individuals who were comparable on key variables including age, degree of intellectual disability and wheelchair use, using questionnaire and observational measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinically significant self-injury was not more prevalent in the CdLS group (55.6%), nor was it different in presentation from that seen in the comparison group. Hyperactivity, stereotyped and compulsive behaviours predicted clinically significant self-injury in all participants. Hand directed, mild self-injury was more prevalent in CdLS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that clinically significant self-injury may not be part of the behavioural phenotype of CdLS but a specific body target for proto-SIB is more common.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. c.oliver@bham.ac.uk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sloneem
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003192:Compulsive Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003635:De Lange Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D007360:Intelligence; D008297:Male; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom; D014910:Wheelchairs; D055815:Young Adult