Role of immunolglobulin-like transcript family receptors and their ligands in suppressor T-cell-induced dendritic cell tolerization.
The immunolglobulin-like transcript (ILT) family of proteins are surface receptors expressed by antigen-presenting cells capable of modulating host cell functions through intracellular signaling. Here we discuss the recent studies regarding the role of dendritic cell (DC)-expressed ILT receptors in suppressor T (Ts) cells induced DC tolerization. DC-expressed ILT3 and ILT4 are stimulated by their cognate ligands such as major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), HLA-G, and CD1d, and this stimulation is a prerequisite for DC tolerization. The molecular interaction between ILT and ligands seems to create a tri-molecule complex at the interface between Ts cell and DC, which consists of DC-expressed ILT receptor and MHC-I, as well as T-cell-expressed T cell receptor (TCR). Furthermore, ILT4 recognition of MHC-I and CD1d is shown to be antigen dependent, suggesting that T-cell antigen specificity possibly affects the outcome of DC tolerization. Therefore the ILT-MHC interface could be a potential novel target for improving vaccine efficiency and allograft survival, or for devising new treatments for autoimmune diseases.
Chui
Cecilia S C
CS
MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Li
Demin
D
D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000276:immunology; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D000941:Antigens; D018949:Antigens, CD1; C419394:CD1b antigen; D006680:HLA Antigens; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; C491341:LILRB2 protein, human; C107907:LILRB4 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic