title: Phylodynamic analysis of the dissemination of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Vietnam.
abstract: To estimate the epidemic history of HIV-1 CRF01_AE in Vietnam and adjacent Guangxi, China, we determined near full-length nucleotide sequences of CRF01_AE from a total of 33 specimens collected in 1997-1998 from different geographic regions and risk populations in Vietnam. Phylogenetic and Bayesian molecular clock analyses were performed to estimate the date of origin of CRF01_AE lineages. Our study reconstructs the timescale of CRF01_AE expansion in Vietnam and neighboring regions and suggests that the series of CRF01_AE epidemics in Vietnam arose by the sequential introduction of founder strains into new locations and risk groups. CRF01_AE appears to have been present among heterosexuals in South-Vietnam for more than a decade prior to its epidemic spread in the early 1990s. In the late 1980s, the virus spread to IDUs in Southern Vietnam and subsequently in the mid-1990s to IDUs further north. Our results indicate the northward dissemination of CRF01_AE during this time.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Epidemiology, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Huanan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Kok Keng
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Tee
authors.forename: Saiki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hase
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Uenishi
authors.forename: Xiao-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusagawa
authors.forename: Pham Hong
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Thang
authors.forename: Nguyen Tran
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Hien
authors.forename: Oliver G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Pybus
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takebe
mesh_terms: D001499:Bayes Theorem; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013997:Time Factors; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral