title: Increased bone formation around coated implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that coating threaded, sandblasted acid-etched titanium implants with collagen and chondroitin sulphate (CS) increases bone formation and implant stability, compared with uncoated controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three different implant surface conditions were applied: (1) sandblasted acid-etched (control), (2) collagen/chondroitin sulphate (low-dose--CS1), (3) collagen/chondroitin sulphate (high-dose--CS2). Sixty 9.5 mm experimental implants were placed in the mandible of 20 minipigs. Bone-implant contact (BIC) and relative peri-implant bone-volume density (rBVD--relation to bone-volume density of the host bone) were assessed after 1 and 2 months of submerged healing. Implant stability was measured by resonance frequency analysis (RFA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 1 month, coated implants had significantly more BIC compared with controls (CS1: 68%, p<0.0001, CS2: 63%, p=0.009, control: 52%). The rBVD was lower for all surface conditions, compared with the hostbone. After 2 months, BIC increased for all surfaces. No significant differences were measured (CS1: 71%, p=0.016, CS2: 68%, p=0.67, control: 63%). The rBVD was increased for coated implants. RFA values were 71-77 at implantation, 67-73 after 1 month and 74-75 after 2 months. Differences in rBVD and RFA were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data analysis suggests that collagen/CS has a positive influence on bone formation after 1 month of endosseous healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany. stadlinger@gmx.de
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stadlinger
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bierbaum
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grimmer
authors.forename: Matthias C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuhlisch
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scharnweber
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eckelt
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mai
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000473:pathology; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000737:chemistry; D045662:Dental Etching; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D023421:Models, Animal; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D024042:Collagen Type I; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D014025:Titanium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide