title: Rates and correlates of violent behaviors among adolescents treated in an urban emergency department.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Violence is a leading cause of death for adolescents in inner-city settings. This article describes violent behaviors in relation to other risk behaviors (e.g., substance use) among adolescents screened in an urban emergency department (ED).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients aged 14-18 years were approached to self-administer a computerized survey assessing violent behaviors (i.e., physical aggression), substance use (cigarettes, alcohol, marijuana), and weapon carriage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1128 adolescents (83.8% participation rate; 45.9% male; 58.0% African-American) were surveyed. In the past year, 75.3% of adolescents reported peer violence, 27.6% reported dating violence, and 23.5% reported carrying a weapon. In the past year, 28.0% drank alcohol, 14.4% binge drank, 5.7% reported alcohol-related fighting, and 36.9% smoked marijuana. Logistic regression analyses predicting violent behaviors were significant. Teens reporting peer violence were more likely to be younger, African-American, on public assistance, carry a weapon, binge drink, and smoke marijuana. Teens reporting dating violence were more likely to be female, African-American, carry a weapon, binge drink, screen positive for alcohol problems, and smoke marijuana. Teens reporting alcohol-related fighting were more likely to carry a weapon, binge drink, screen positive for alcohol problems, and smoke marijuana.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescents presenting to an urban ED have elevated rates of violent behaviors. Substance use (i.e., binge drinking and smoking marijuana) is an important risk factor for violent behaviors among urban adolescents. Universal screening and intervention protocols to address multiple risk behaviors, including violent behaviors and substance use, may be useful to prevent injury among adolescents presenting to the urban ED.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. waltonma@umich.edu
authors.forename: Maureen A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: Abby L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Stephen T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chermack
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: C Raymond
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: Jean T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Shope
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: Frederic C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Blow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D014505:Urban Population; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data