title: Interleukin-10 promoter polymorphisms influence HIV-1 susceptibility and primary HIV-1 pathogenesis.
abstract: Interleukin (IL)-10 directly inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication, but it may also promote viral persistence by inactivation of effector immune mechanisms. Here, we show in an African cohort that individuals with genotypes associated with high IL-10 production at 2 promoter single-nucleotide polymorphisms (-1082 and -592) were less likely to become HIV-1 infected but had significantly higher median plasma viral loads during the acute phase (<or=3 months after infection). However, as the infection progressed, the association between genotype and median viral load was reversed. Thus, IL-10 may influence HIV-1 susceptibility and pathogenesis, but effects on the latter may differ according to the infection phase.
authors.affiliation: Hasso Plattner Research Laboratory, Nelson R. Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
authors.forename: Dshanta D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Naicker
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Emil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kormuth
authors.forename: Jo-Ann
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Passmore
authors.forename: Koleka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mlisana
authors.forename: Salim Abdool
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Karim
authors.forename: Thumbi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ndung'u
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009154:Mutation; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10