Transforming growth interacting factor expression in leiomyoma compared with myometrium.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the expression of transforming growth interacting factor (TGIF), a Smad transcriptional corepressor, in leiomyoma and matched myometrial tissue samples and the effect of TGIF overexpression in myometrial cells.


METHODS
Experimental study.


METHODS
Tertiary university hospital.


METHODS
Uterine leiomyoma and myometrial tissues from 16 patients.


METHODS
None.


METHODS
The distribution of TGIF in leiomyoma and myometrial tissues by immunohistochemistry stain, mRNA, and protein expression levels by real-time quantitative polymerase chain-reaction (QPCR) and Western blot. Transcriptional regulation of TGIF in myometrial cells with overexpressed TGIF.


RESULTS
Although TGIF is present in the smooth muscle cells of the leiomyoma and the myometrium, it is not found in the extracellular matrix. The TGIF mRNA and protein expressions were statistically significantly higher in the leiomyoma compared with the matched, unaffected myometrial tissues in both phases of the menstrual cycle. There were no differences in mRNA or protein expression throughout the menstrual cycle. Overexpression of TGIF protein in myometrial cells statistically significantly suppressed up-regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) induced by TGF-beta1 treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
Expression of TGIF is increased in leiomyoma compared with myometrium. This increase in TGIF expression is not affected by endogenous ovarian hormones. Thus, TGIF is a potential repressor of TGF-beta pathways in myometrial cells.
Yen-Ping Ho
Jason
J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305-5317, USA.
Man
Weng Chi
WC
Wen
Yan
Y
Polan
Mary Lake
ML
Shih-Chu Ho
Esther
E
Chen
Bertha
B
D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009215:Myometrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; C097504:TGIF1 protein, human; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1