title: [Practical management of proptosis].
abstract: The authors report on the management of proptosis. It must first be recognized clinically and confirmed by means of exophthalmometry. The clinical aspects of the proptosis must be described: axial, pulsatile, etc. Radiology and pathology contribute to determining the etiology: Doppler color echography, RX scanner, and MRI can give important details arguing for inflammation (Graves ophthalmopathy or orbital nonspecific inflammation) or orbital tumor. Biopsy or full biopsy in case of suspected tumor provide the diagnosis. The main causes of proptosis are Graves orbitopathy, nonspecific inflammatory orbitopathy, orbital tumor, orbital infection, and orbital injury.
authors.affiliation: Service d'ophtalmologie, Hôpital Robert Debré, avenue Général Koenig, 51092 Reims Cedex. ducasse.alain@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ducasse
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans