Ceftobiprole: a new broad spectrum cephalosporin.
Ceftobiprole, formerly designated BAL9141/Ro 63-9141, is a pyrrolidinone-3-ylidene-methyl cephalosporin with demonstrated in vitro activity against MRSA, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ceftobiprole has a low potential for inducing chromosomal AmpC beta-lactamases but it is hydrolyzed by most extended spectrum beta-lactamases and metallo-beta-lactamases. Glomerular filtration is predominantly responsible for removal of the free drug from the systemic circulation. The efficacy of ceftobiprole in the treatment of complicated skin and ski-structure infections has been recently demonstrated in two Phase III randomized clinical trials involving 1600 patients. Two other Phase III clinical trials to assess ceftobiprole's efficacy in community-acquired pneumonia and nosocomial pneumonia have also concluded. While the drug met the noninferiority criteria for community-acquired pneumonia and nosocomial pneumonia involving non-ventilator associated pneumonia, ceftobiprole was less effective than the comparator in ventilator associated pneumonia subjects. Ceftobiprole was well tolerated with a safety profile consistent with the cephalosporin class of antibiotic. The most frequent drug-related adverse event was dysgeusia. Ceftobiprole is intended for use in the hospital for the treatment of infections that frequently involve beta-lactam-resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms.
El Solh
Ali
A
State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14215-1199, USA. solh@buffalo.edu
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy; D004347:Drug Interactions; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002511:Cephalosporins; C425146:Ro 63-9141; C443755:ceftobiprole; C048795:AmpC beta-lactamases; D001618:beta-Lactamases