title: Hic-5 is required for fetal gene expression and cytoskeletal organization of neonatal cardiac myocytes.
abstract: Cardiac costameres link the extracellular matrix to the sarcomere at the z-disc and contain proteins such as integrins and other signaling molecules implicated in the regulation of pathological hypertrophy. Paxillin family members, hic-5 and paxillin, are scaffolding proteins associated with the integrin complex that have been shown to mediate numerous protein interactions in other cell types. While paxillin has been described in postnatal heart, hic-5 has not been identified. Our results provide evidence of hic-5 in neonatal cardiac myocytes co-localized with paxillin and alpha-actinin at the z-discs and the ends of actin filaments. Treatment with the hypertrophic agonist phenylephrine resulted in increased hic-5 expression while having no effect on paxillin levels. To see if increased hic-5 expression was sufficient to induce changes in cytoskeletal organization, hic-5 was overexpressed in myocytes by adenoviral infection. Hic-5 overexpression significantly increased the number of cells with organized cytoskeleton. Using siRNA mediated knockdown, we examined the requirement of hic-5 and paxillin in regulation of phenylephrine induced gene expression and cytoskeletal organization. Our results indicate that hic-5, not paxillin is required for upregulation of ANF and alpha-skeletal actin genes as well as in cytoskeletal reorganization. Finally, we demonstrated that hic-5 upregulation occurs downstream of MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling as inhibition of MEK1/2 using U0126 inhibitor completely inhibited hic-5 upregulation by PE. In a complimentary study, we showed that hic-5 knockdown had no effect on PE induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. These findings demonstrate a novel role for hic-5 in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton and fetal gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cardiovascular Science, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Ave., MC8, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Yund
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Rebecca S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D000185:Actinin / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051419:Paxillin / Q000378:metabolism; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D060588:LIM Domain Proteins; D051419:Paxillin; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C090090:Tgfb1i1 protein, mouse; C490352:Tgfb1i1 protein, rat; D000185:Actinin; D010656:Phenylephrine; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3