title: Nanocrystalline titanium dioxide and magnesium oxide in vitro dermal absorption in human skin.
abstract: The dermal absorption potential of a nanocrystalline magnesium oxide (MgO) and titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) mixture in dermatomed human skin was assessed in vitro using Bronaugh-type flow-through diffusion cells. Nanocrystalline material was applied to the skin surface at a dose rate of 50 mg/cm(2) as a dry powder, as a water suspension, and as a water/surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate) suspension, for 8 hours. Dermal absorption of nanocrystalline MgO and TiO(2) through human skin with intact, functional stratum corneum was not detectable under the conditions of this experiment.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA. dmerwe@vet.ksu.edu
authors.forename: Deon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van der Merwe
authors.forename: Snehal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tawde
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pickrell
authors.forename: Larry E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Erickson
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D015194:Diffusion Chambers, Culture; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008277:Magnesium Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008954:Models, Biological; D053758:Nanoparticles; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012869:Skin Absorption; D014025:Titanium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: C009495:titanium dioxide; D008277:Magnesium Oxide; D014025:Titanium