title: Absence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in arterial lesions from patients with Takayasu's arteritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have suggested that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) could be involved in the pathogenesis of Takayasu's arteritis (TA). The search for MT in arterial lesions of TA has never been assessed directly by sensitive methods. Our aim was to assess the presence of MT in arterial samples obtained in patients with TA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fresh arterial samples were collected from 10 consecutive patients (9 women and 1 man, median age 42 yrs, range 19-67 yrs) with a diagnosis of TA according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria who underwent vascular surgical procedures for their disease. Three patients had recent onset of TA and 7 had longstanding disease. No patient had evidence of active tuberculosis. Arterial biopsies were collected during vascular surgical procedures, and were systematically studied by a pathologist specializing in vascular diseases. Presence of MT was assessed in the biopsies by acid-fast and auramine-fluorochrome stainings, mycobacterial cultures, and direct amplification test (DAT) for MT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histological examination showed active (n = 5) and inactive (n = 5) arterial lesions. MT was not detected in arterial lesions of either active or inactive TA, by acid-fast and auramine-fluorochrome staining, mycobacterial cultures, or DAT. No DAT inhibitors were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study does not support a direct role of MT in the pathogenesis of arterial lesions in either recent or longstanding TA, but does not exclude the possibility of a cross-reaction between mycobacterial and arterial antigens.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Department and French National Reference Center for Rare Systemic Auto-immune Diseases.
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arnaud
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cambau
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brocheriou
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koskas
authors.forename: Edouard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kieffer
authors.forename: Jean-Charles
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Piette
authors.forename: Zahir
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Amoura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055815:Young Adult