title: Rapamycin inhibits poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in intact cells.
abstract: Rapamycin is an immunosuppressive drug, which inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase activity inducing changes in cell proliferation. Synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is an immediate cellular response to genotoxic stress catalyzed mostly by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1), which is also controlled by signaling pathways. Therefore, we investigated whether rapamycin affects PAR production. Strikingly, rapamycin inhibited PAR synthesis in living fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner as monitored by immunofluorescence. PARP-1 activity was then assayed in vitro, revealing that down-regulation of cellular PAR production by rapamycin was apparently not due to competitive PARP-1 inhibition. Further studies showed that rapamycin did not influence the cellular NAD pool and the activation of PARP-1 in extracts of pretreated fibroblasts. Collectively, our data suggest that inhibition of cellular PAR synthesis by rapamycin is mediated by formation of a detergent-sensitive complex in living cells, and that rapamycin may have a potential as therapeutic PARP inhibitor.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany. joerg.fahrer@uni-ulm.de
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fahrer
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bürkle
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Königsrainer
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D020123:Sirolimus