title: Economic impact of epilepsy in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess differences in medical care expenditures and informal care received for adults and children by individuals' self-reported epilepsy status and to estimate the total economic impact of epilepsy in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pooled medical expenditure panel survey data from 1996-2004 were used. Children's regression analyses were adjusted for race, sex, general self-reported health status, family size, and age. Adults' analyses were also adjusted for income and education. The national annual economic impact was estimated by multiplying the average individual differences by previously published national prevalence data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of regressions appropriately weighted to account for study design indicate excess medical expenditures for those with epilepsy of $4,523 [95% confidence interval: $3,184-$5,862]. Excess expenditures were similar for adults and children. Adults with epilepsy received 1.2 extra days of informal care [95% confidence interval: 0.2-2.3]. The national impact included $9.6 billion of medical expenditures and informal care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epilepsy has significant impact on individual medical expenditure and generates a national impact in the billions of dollar.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dokyoung
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Frick
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: Joan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Austin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D017281:Cost of Illness; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006302:Health Services Research; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology