title: Characterization of planktonic and biofilm communities of day-of-hatch chicks cecal microflora and their resistance to Salmonella colonization.
abstract: Recent concerns about the use of antimicrobials in food animals have increased interest in the microbial ecology and biofilms within their gastrointestinal tract. This work used a continuous-flow chemostat system to model the microbial community within the ceca from day-of-hatch chicks and its ability to resist colonization by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. We characterized the biofilm and planktonic communities from five cultures by using automated ribotyping. Eight species from six different genera were identified. Overall, the planktonic communities were more diverse, with 40% of the cultures containing four or more bacterial species. Eighty percent of the biofilm communities contained only one or two species of bacteria. Enterococcus faecalis was the only species isolated from all communities. None of the resulting microbial communities was able to resist colonization by S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. This is the first study to provide a molecular-based characterization of the biofilm and planktonic communities found in day-of-hatch chicken cecal microflora cultures.
authors.affiliation: Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, College Station, Texas 77843, USA. Sheffield@sparc.usda.gov
authors.forename: Cynthia L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sheffield
authors.forename: Tawni L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Crippen
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Roy J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bongaerts
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Nisbet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D002432:Cecum / Q000382:microbiology*; D002645:Chickens; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000662:veterinary; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D021521:Ribotyping; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000517:prevention & control; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*