title: Treacle recruits RNA polymerase I complex to the nucleolus that is independent of UBF.
abstract: Mutations in treacle lead to Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS), an autosomal dominant disorder of craniofacial development. Treacle associates with upstream binding factor (UBF) to regulate rRNA gene (rDNA) transcription, but the precise mechanisms mediated by treacle remain elusive. Here we show that the central repeated domain of treacle binds with RNA polymerase I (Pol I), while that the treacle C-terminus is involved in rDNA promoter recognition and UBF recruitment. Knockdown of treacle resulted in dispersion of Pol I and UBF away from nucleolus, whereas interactions of treacle with Pol I and rDNA promoter were not disrupted by UBF depletion. These findings indicate that treacle, but not UBF, is essential for nucleolar recruitment of Pol I transcription complex. Furthermore, C-terminally truncated treacle, mimicking TCS-associated mutations, failed to target to the nucleolus, possibly causing loss-of-function in the mutant treacle. Our observations support that TCS results from haploinsufficiency of treacle.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Life Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chen-I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ning-Hsing
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Yeh
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000201:enzymology*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D035463:Pol1 Transcription Initiation Complex Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012318:RNA Polymerase I / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; C075564:NOLC1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D035463:Pol1 Transcription Initiation Complex Proteins; C105442:TCOF1 protein, human; C063844:transcription factor UBF; D012318:RNA Polymerase I