title: Hemodynamic, metabolic, and organ function effects of pure oxygen ventilation during established fecal peritonitis-induced septic shock.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis whether pure oxygen ventilation is equally safe and beneficial in fully developed fecal peritonitis-induced septic shock as hyperoxia initiated at the induction of sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, controlled, experimental study with repeated measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal research laboratory at a university medical school.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, and instrumented pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve hours after induction of fecal peritonitis by inoculation of autologous feces, swine, which were resuscitated with hydroxyethyl starch and norepinephrine to maintain mean arterial pressure at baseline values, were ventilated randomly with an Fio2 required to keep Sao2 >90% (controls: n = 10) or Fio2 1.0 (hyperoxia, n = 10) during the next 12 hrs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite similar hemodynamic support (hydroxyethyl starch and norepinephrine doses), systemic and regional macrocirculatory and oxygen transport parameters, hyperoxia attenuated pulmonary hypertension, improved gut microcirculation (ileal mucosal laser Doppler flowmetry) and portal venous acidosis, prevented the deterioration in creatinine clearance (controls 61 (44;112), hyperoxia: 96 (88;110) mL.min(-1), p = .074), and attenuated the increase in blood tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations (p = .045 and p = .112 vs. controls at 18 hrs and 24 hrs, respectively). Lung and liver histology (hematoxyline eosine staining) were comparable in the two groups, but hyperoxia reduced apoptosis (Tunel test) in the liver (4 (3;8) vs. 2 (1;5) apoptotic cells/field, p = .069) and the lung (36 (31;46) vs. 15 (13;17) apoptotic cells/field, p < .001). Parameters of lung function, tissue antioxidant activity, blood oxidative and nitrosative stress (nitrate + nitrite, 8-isoprostane levels; deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage measured using the comet assay) were not further affected during hyperoxia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When compared with the previous report on hyperoxia initiated simultaneously with induction of sepsis, i.e., using a pretreatment approach, pure oxygen ventilation started when porcine fecal peritonitis-induced septic shock was fully developed proved to be equally safe with respect to lung function and oxidative stress, but exerted only moderate beneficial effects.
authors.affiliation: Sektion Anästhesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung, Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Balázs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gröger
authors.forename: Sükrü
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oter
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Speit
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ploner
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Möller
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wachter
authors.forename: Josef A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matejovic
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calzia
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Georgieff
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Radermacher
authors.forename: Dirk M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Maybauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D011897:Random Allocation; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D012449:Safety; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000628:therapy*; D013552:Swine; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D015237:Dinoprost