title: Prevention of adolescents' music-induced hearing loss due to discotheque attendance: a Delphi study.
abstract: Noise-induced hearing loss is a significant social and public health problem, which is found in increasing numbers of adolescents. Young people are particularly likely to expose themselves to potentially damaging loud sounds during leisure activities. Visiting discotheques is one of the most popular leisure activities of young people. Only a few minutes exposure to the sound levels played in discotheques can cause permanent hearing loss. Since little is known about what constitutes effective prevention strategies, we explored the opinions and ideas of 30 experts in a qualitative study consisting of a three-round web-based Delphi study. The main parties involved in the prevention of music-induced hearing loss due to discotheque attendance are as follows: the adolescents themselves, followed by the government, discotheque owners, decorators of discotheques and disk jockeys (DJs). None of the identified protective behaviors of adolescents was considered to be feasible. Five environmental interventions were identified as being both relevant and feasible; of these, the most important were that loudspeakers must be placed further away from the visitors and that discotheques have attractive, low-volume and clearly indicated 'chill-out rooms'. Effective prevention strategies to avoid music-induced hearing loss among adolescents due to discotheque attendance need to be taken primarily by discotheque owners and disk jockeys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands. i.vogel@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brug
authors.forename: C P B
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Van der Ploeg
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Raat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003697:Delphi Technique; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D009146:Music