title: Prediction of hypertension improvement after stenting of renal artery stenosis: comparative accuracy of translesional pressure gradients, intravascular ultrasound, and angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the comparative accuracy of renal translesional pressure gradients (TPG), intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), and angiographic parameters in predicting hypertension improvement after stenting of renal artery stenosis (RAS).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The degree of RAS that justifies stenting is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 62 patients with RAS, TPG (resting and hyperemic systolic gradient [HSG], fractional flow reserve, and mean gradient) were measured by a pressure guidewire; IVUS and angiographic parameters (minimum lumen area and diameter, area stenosis, and diameter stenosis) were measured by quantitative analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HSG had a larger area under the curve than most other parameters and an HSG >or=21 mm Hg had the highest sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (82%, 84%, and 84%, respectively) in predicting hypertension improvement after stenting of RAS. The average IVUS area stenosis was markedly greater in RAS with an HSG >or=21 mm Hg versus <21 mm Hg (78% vs. 38%, respectively; p < 0.001). After stenting, hypertension improved in 84% of patients with an HSG >or=21 mm Hg (n = 36) versus 36% of patients with an HSG <21 mm Hg (n = 26) at 12 months, p < 0.01; the number of antihypertensive medications was significantly lower in patients with an HSG >or=21 mm Hg versus <21 mm Hg (2.30 +/- 0.90 vs. 3.40 +/- 0.50, respectively; p < 0.01). By multivariable analysis, HSG was the only independent predictor of hypertension improvement (odds ratio: 1.39; 95% confidence interval: 1.05 to 1.65; p = 0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An HSG >or=21 mm Hg provided the highest accuracy in predicting hypertension improvement after stenting of RAS, suggesting that an HSG >or=21 mm Hg is indicative of significant RAS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA. leesarma@uc.edu
authors.forename: Massoud A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Leesar
authors.forename: Jai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varma
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shapira
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fahsah
authors.forename: Seyed T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Elghoul
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: Karthikeyan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meganathan
authors.forename: Sohail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikram
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D001794:Blood Pressure; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D015607:Stents; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional