title: Determination of orphenadrine plasma levels using HPLC with diode array detection and a novel solid-phase extraction procedure in psychiatric patients.
abstract: Orphenadrine is an antimuscarinic agent mainly used for the treatment of parkinsonism and to alleviate the neuroleptic syndrome induced by antipsychotic drugs. A new, rapid analytical method, based on liquid chromatography with diode array detection (DAD), has been developed and applied to the determination of orphenadrine in plasma of schizophrenic patients for therapeutic drug monitoring and toxicological purposes. The chromatographic separation was performed on a pentafluorophenyl reversed phase column with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer mixture. DAD detection was carried out at 220 nm. A careful and rapid solid-phase extraction procedure on cyanopropyl cartridges was chosen for plasma sample purification and pre-concentration obtaining good extraction yield values for the analyte (>96.0%). The assays showed a linear response for orphenadrine (30-1000 ng mL(-1)). The method is also precise and selective. Thus, the method developed seems to be suitable for routine analysis of orphenadrine in psychiatric patients. Moreover, it was applied to plasma samples from a psychotic patient who had tried to poison himself with 1000 mg of orphenadrine and was undergoing polypharmacy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaco-Toxicological Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Saracino
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Petio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vitali
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Franchini
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Raggi
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D062787:Drug Overdose; D006801:Humans; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000506:poisoning; D009459:Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D009966:Orphenadrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000506:poisoning; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D009966:Orphenadrine