title: Improvement of metabolic syndrome following intragastric balloon: 1 year follow-up analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess the impact of intragastric balloon (IGB)-induced body weight loss on metabolic syndrome in obese patients and evaluate what happens during 1-year follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  To this end, data were collected on 143 obese patients (body mass index (BMI) 36.2+/-5.7 kg/m2) who underwent IGB insertion between January 2000 and December 2005. Outcomes were recorded at BioEnterics Intragastric Balloon removal time (t0) and at 6-month (t6) and 12-month (t12) follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant BMI, excess body weight loss percentage, and body weight loss percentage (BWL%) were observed at t0 (29.6+/-4.6 kg/m2; 29.3+/-4.8%; 14.1+/-5.7%), followed by partial weight regain at t12 (32.4+/-4.3 kg/m2; 26.1+/-4.9%; 11.2+/-4.6%). Incidence of metabolic syndrome dropped from 34.8% (pre-IGB value) to 14.5% (t0) and 11.6% (t12). Likewise, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and blood hypertension (BH) incidence decreased from 32.6%, 37.7%, 33.4%, and 44.9% (pre-IGB values) to 20.9%, 14.5%, 16.7%, and 30.4% at t0 and 21.3%, 17.4%, 18.9%, and 34.8% at t12. HbA1c blood concentration shifted from an initial value of 7.5+/-2.1% to 5.7+/-1.9% (t0), 5.6+/-0.7% (t6), and 5.5+/-0.9% (t12). Patients suffering from DM or BH stopped or diminished relative drug consumption at t12. Negligible modifications were reported as regards HDL cholesterol and hyperuricemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Weight regain is commonly observed during long-term follow-up after IGB removal. Nevertheless, the maintenance of at least 10% of the BWL%, as reported at 1-year follow-up, is associated with an improvement in metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, General Surgery, University of Brescia, Ple Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy. cirioz@libero.it
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Crea
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pata
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Della Casa
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Minelli
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maifredi
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Betta
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mittempergher
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015905:Gastric Balloon; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin