title: Genotoxic and antibutyrylcholinesterasic activities of acid violet 7 and its biodegradation products.
abstract: Acid violet 7, a sulfonated azo dye was degraded by Pseudomonas putida mt-2 in mineral medium at concentrations up to 200 mg/L. The genotoxicity of AV7 and its biodegradation extracts was evaluated by using the DNA-strand scission assay. No genotoxicity was observed, even with or without exposition to UV irradiation, for biodegradation under shaking conditions, but increased significantly after biodegradation under static conditions. In addition, the ability of tested compounds to reduce human plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activity was evaluated in vitro. Genotoxicity and anti-BuChE activity generated by the azoreduction products [4'-aminoacetanilid (4'-AA) and 5-acetamido-2-amino-1-hydroxy-3,6-naphtalene disulfonic acid (5-ANDS)] were assessed and compared with that of the parent unsubstituted amines. 4'-AA exhibited a strong genotoxicity, which was imputed to the presence of the acetoxy (COCH3) substituent on the aromatic amine; however, the presence of sulphonic groups in 5-ANDS seems to be responsible for its BuChE inhibition activity. The present study demonstrates that P. putida mt-2, incubated under aerobic conditions, has a catabolism that enables it to degrade AV7 and, especially, to detoxify the dye mixtures.
authors.affiliation: Equipe de Recherche en Physico-Chimie et Biotechnologie (E.R.P.C.B-EA3914), IUT-UFR Sciences, Université de Caen-Basse, Normandie, France.
authors.forename: Hedi Ben
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: Ridha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mosrati
authors.forename: Ilef
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Limem
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corroler
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghedira
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barillier
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chekir-Ghedira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000332:Aerobiosis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D016958:Pseudomonas putida / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009153:Mutagens; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C031693:violet BNP; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase