title: [The need for high-quality training and surgical standards for adult male circumcision in China].
abstract: Although HIV is a significant problem in Africa, HIV infection rates are rising rapidly in other regions such as Asia and South America. International health organizations have recognized the need to develop effective strategies to check the worldwide transmission of HIV. Studies have demonstrated the significant reduction of HIV, HPV, HSV-2 and other STD infection rates with male circumcision (MC). Although numerous MC techniques are available, there are no standardized protocols and surgical training programs. Studies have shown that the standardization of MC techniques coupled with training programs can significantly reduce complication rates. High complication rates have been a primary obstacle to the implementation of MC services. We recommend the establishment of surgical standards and training protocols prior to the promotion of MC services in China.
authors.affiliation: Center for Male Reproductive Medicine and Microsurgery, Cornell Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, The New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065-4870, USA. psli@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nian-Qing
authors.initials: NQ
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yi-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Yi-Dong
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kun-Long
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ben
authors.forename: Jian-Chuns
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Sokal
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D002944:Circumcision, Male / Q000592:standards*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male