title: Cerebral correlates of analogical processing and their modulation by training.
abstract: There is increasing interest in understanding the neural systems that mediate analogical thinking, which is essential for learning and fluid intelligence. The aim of the present study was to shed light on the cerebral correlates of geometric analogical processing and on training-induced changes at the behavioral and brain level. In healthy participants a bilateral fronto-parietal network was engaged in processing geometric analogies and showed greater blood oxygenation dependent (BOLD) signals as resource demands increased. This network, as well as fusiform and subcortical brain regions, additionally showed training-induced decreases in the BOLD signal over time. The general finding that brain regions were modulated by the amount of resources demanded by the task, and/or by the reduction of allocated resources due to short term training, reflects increased efficiency--in terms of more focal and more specialized brain activation--to more economically process the geometric analogies. Our data indicate a rapid adaptation of the cognitive system which is efficiently modulated by short term training based on a positive correlation of resource demands and brain activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Linguistics, Neurocognition of Language and Neurolinguistics, Center of Excellence for Cognitive Sciences, University of Potsdam, Germany. isabell.wartenburger@uni-potsdam.de
authors.forename: Isabell
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wartenburger
authors.forename: Hauke R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Heekeren
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Preusse
authors.forename: Jürg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van der Meer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D055641:Mathematical Concepts; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time