RuBi-Glutamate: Two-Photon and Visible-Light Photoactivation of Neurons and Dendritic spines.
We describe neurobiological applications of RuBi-Glutamate, a novel caged-glutamate compound based on ruthenium photochemistry. RuBi-Glutamate can be excited with visible wavelengths and releases glutamate after one- or two-photon excitation. It has high quantum efficiency and can be used at low concentrations, partly avoiding the blockade of GABAergic transmission present with other caged compounds. Two-photon uncaging of RuBi-Glutamate has a high spatial resolution and generates excitatory responses in individual dendritic spines with physiological kinetics. With laser beam multiplexing, two-photon RuBi-Glutamate uncaging can also be used to depolarize and fire pyramidal neurons with single-cell resolution. RuBi-Glutamate therefore enables the photoactivation of neuronal dendrites and circuits with visible or two-photon light sources, achieving single cell, or even single spine, precision.
Fino
Elodie
E
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University New York, NY, USA.
Araya
Roberto
R
Peterka
Darcy S
DS
Salierno
Marcelo
M
Etchenique
Roberto
R
Yuste
Rafael
R