title: Green tobacco sickness in Poland.
abstract: Green tobacco sickness (GTS) is an illness associated with exposure to nicotine originating directly from the growing tobacco plant. The exposure takes place in the course of activities during tobacco farming. Nausea, vomiting, headache and dizziness are the symptoms typical of GTS. The GTS cases have been most commonly reported in the USA, Japan, India and Italy. The first case of GTS in Poland has been diagnosed in a young man working on a Virginia bright tobacco plantation. The patient had symptoms typical of GTS. The toxicological analysis of urine demonstrated the presence of cotinine at the level of 869 ng/ml. Intravenous fluids, anticholinergic agents and potassium supplementation were used in the treatment. Interestingly, diplopia at the initial stage of tobacco poisoning and horizontal nystagmus, which resolved on the 2nd day of hospital stay were observed. We believe that cases of GTS occur in Poland; however patients do not seek medical care. Given that the majority of activities during tobacco farming in Poland are performed manually, it seems necessary to launch a public awareness campaign on GTS and decontamination methods.
authors.affiliation: Poison Information Center, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland. satora@wp.pl
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Satora
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goszcz
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gomółka
authors.forename: Witold
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Biedroń
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003367:Cotinine / Q000652:urine; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000209:etiology; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology; D004244:Dizziness / Q000209:etiology; D062787:Drug Overdose; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011044:Poland; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000506:poisoning*; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D003367:Cotinine