title: Multi-focus excitation coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy and its applications for real-time imaging.
abstract: We developed a multi-focus excitation coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscope using a microlens array scanner for real-time molecular imaging. Parallel exposure of a specimen with light from two highly controlled picosecond mode-locked lasers (jitter of 30 fs through an electronic low-pass filter with 150 Hz bandwidth, point-by-point wavelength scan within 300 ms) and parallel detection with an image sensor enabled real-time imaging. We demonstrated real-time CARS imaging of polystyrene beads (frame rate of 30 fps), a giant multi-lamellar vesicle of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (frame rate of 10 fps), and living HeLa cells (frame rate of 10 fps).
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minamikawa
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Katsumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawata
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D003199:Computer Systems; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007909:Lenses; D018715:Microscopy, Video / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000295:instrumentation*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000295:instrumentation*