title: Characteristics and the fate of intraluminal thrombus of the intracranial and extracranial cerebral arteries in acute ischemic stroke patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The characteristics and fate of intraluminal thrombus (IT), which may incidentally be detected in acute stroke patients, are not well known and the optimal treatment strategy for IT remains controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have identified patients with IT in either the extracranial or intracranial artery and followed up on their clinical courses and imaging findings. We categorized it based on its morphology and investigated clinical outcomes and fate of IT in those patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 495 patients with acute ischemic stroke, 9 (1.9%, 8 men, age range of 61-84 years) were identified with IT. Patients with IT could be categorized into three groups: a filling defect (4) during digital subtraction angiography (DSA), a stenosis-mimic lesion on DSA (3), and a mobile mass on carotid duplex (2). All patients had follow-up vascular imaging studies. Complete or partial resolution of IT was seen in 8 patients. Four patients developed transient or minor ischemic symptoms, which were potentially related to IT. Stenosis-mimic lesions and IT adjacent to atherosclerotic plaques appeared to be associated with unstable clinical courses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IT can be categorized according to its morphological features. The outcome may depend on the morphology and location of the IT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, National Core Research Center for Nanomedical Technology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye-Yeon
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Byoung Suk
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Seong Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Hyun Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Dong-Joon
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji Hoe
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Heo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002539:Cerebral Arterial Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020767:Intracranial Thrombosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome