title: [Microbiological diagnosis of chikungunya virus in Spain (2006-2007): case detection in travelers].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The chikungunya virus is a clear example of an emergent pathogen, as demonstrated by the important outbreaks reported in recent years on some islands in the Indian Ocean, on the Indian subcontinent, and in Italy. The autochthonous outbreak that took place in Europe has shown that the international health authorities were right in their concern about the possibility that this arbovirus could become established in countries with a temperate climate where the appropriate vectors circulate.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 308 patients were studied to investigate symptoms consistent with infection by this virus occurring during their stay in, or after their return from, an endemic area. Molecular and/or serological methods were used to seek evidence of infection by chikungunya virus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-nine positive cases were diagnosed. The molecular and serological tools are complementary: molecular technology generated positive results at the onset of symptoms and serology provided positive testing in samples with a longer evolution time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The first cases of infection by chikungunya virus in Spanish travelers have been detected. The tools necessary for correct diagnosis of infection by this virus are available in our country.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología Diagnóstica, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España. paz.sanchez@isciii.es
authors.forename: María Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Seco
authors.forename: Ana Isabel
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Negredo
authors.forename: Sabino
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puente
authors.forename: M A Jesús
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pinazo
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shuffenecker
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tenorio
authors.forename: Cesare Giovanni
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Fedele
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.forename: José Miguel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Ory
mesh_terms: D018354:Alphavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D002646:Chikungunya virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D013030:Spain; D014195:Travel