Traceability of sulfonamide antibiotic treatment by immunochemical analysis of farm animal hair samples.
The use of hair to trace use of unauthorized substances, therapeutic agents, or their misuse is becoming very attractive since residues can be detected for a long time after treatment. For this purpose, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been evaluated for its capability to trace sulfonamide antibiotic treatment by analyzing cattle and pig hair samples. Pigmented and nonpigmented hair samples from control and sulfamethazine (SMZ)-treated pigs and calves were collected, extracted under different alkaline conditions, and analyzed by ELISA after just diluting the extracts with the assay buffer. Data analysis following the European recommendations for screening methods demonstrates that the ELISA can detect SMZ in hair samples with a limit of detection (90% of the zero dose (IC(90))) between 30 and 75 ng g(-1). The same samples have been analyzed by HPLC after a dual solid-phase extraction. The ELISA results matched very well those obtained by the chromatographic method, demonstrating that the immunochemical method can be used as a screening tool to trace animal treatments. Between the benefits of this method are the possibility to directly analyze hair extracts with sufficient detectability and its high-throughput capability. Preliminary validation data are reported using an experimental approach inspired on the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC criteria for screening methods.
Adrian
Javier
J
Applied Molecular Receptors Group (AMRg), IQAC-CSIC, Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Jorge Girona, 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
Gratacós-Cubarsí
Marta
M
Sánchez-Baeza
Francisco
F
Garcia Regueiro
Jose-Antonio
JA
Castellari
Massimo
M
Marco
M-Pilar
MP
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D002417:Cattle; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis*; D013552:Swine
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D013449:Sulfonamides