title: Is blind pancreaticoduodenectomy justified for patients with ampullary neoplasms?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many specialists justify pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic head neoplasms with suspected but unproven malignance (blind-PD). Our aim in this study was to determine whether blind-PD is also justified for ampullary neoplasms.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients with presumed resectable ampullary neoplasms treated at the National Taiwan University Hospital from 1998 to 2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 84 patients without a preoperative tissue diagnosis of malignance, 64 had blind-PD and 20 had ampullectomy (AMP) with intraoperative frozen section. Patients with jaundice, gastrointestinal bleeding, imaging findings showing tumor invasion, and larger tumor size were significantly more frequently treated by blind-PD. Final pathological diagnosis was benign in ten of 64 blind-PD-treated patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data support a selective use of blind-PD because (1) a significant portion (65%) of benign ampullary neoplasms can be safely and effectively treated by AMP, (2) blind-PD does not treat ampullary cancer at earlier stage, and (3) blind-PD is associated with significantly more complications and significantly longer hospital stay than AMP. However, blind-PD is strongly recommended for patients with large ampullary neoplasms (>3 cm in diameter), with jaundice, or with malignant endoscopic appearance.
authors: Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. ywtien5106@ntu.edu.tw
authors: Yu-Wen
authors: YW
authors: Tien
authors: Chi-Chuan
authors: CC
authors: Yeh
authors: Shi-Po
authors: SP
authors: Wang
authors: Rey-Heng
authors: RH
authors: Hu
authors: Po-Huang
authors: PH
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014670:Ampulla of Vater / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011336:Probability; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate