title: Minimally invasive inguinal approach for tube cystostomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a technique for tube cystostomy placement via a minimally invasive inguinal approach and outcome in 9 dogs and 6 cats with urinary tract obstruction or detrusor atony.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs (n=9) and cats (6).
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records (January 2004-January 2008) of dogs and cats that had tube cystostomy via an inguinal approach were reviewed. Retrieved data included signalment, diagnosis, surgical technique, and complications. Access to the bladder was through a muscle splitting approach in the inguinal region with the cystostomy tube placed through a skin incision made several centimeters proximal to this incision and secured in the bladder by a purse string suture. Cystopexy during closure of the muscle layers ensured secure closure and minimized the likelihood of uroabdomen if tube dislodgment occurred.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cystostomy tubes were placed in 5 cats as an emergency procedure for treatment of acute urinary tract obstruction or urethral rupture, and as an elective procedure in 9 dogs and 1 cat. No complications occurred during cystostomy tube placement. Postprocedural complications were minor (peristomal irritation in 2 dogs with latex catheters, catheter laceration, premature removal) and only occurred when tubes were retained for >4 weeks. Urinary tract infection at catheter removal in 6 dogs resolved with antibiotic administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An inguinal approach for cystostomy tube placement facilitated rapid catheter placement into the bladder with minimal soft tissue dissection. Cystopexy during abdominal wall closure provided peritoneal protection should premature dislodgement of the cystostomy tube occur.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An inguinal approach should be considered for rapid tube cystostomy particularly in metabolically compromised animals.
authors: Davies Veterinary Specialists, Manor Farm Business Park, Higham Gobion, Herts, UK. jpb@vetspecialists.co.uk
authors: Jonathan P
authors: JP
authors: Bray
authors: Ronan S
authors: RS
authors: Doyle
authors: Carolyn A
authors: CA
authors: Burton
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D002415:Cats; D003559:Cystostomy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000662:veterinary; D007264:Inguinal Canal / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*