title: Laparoscopic Heller myotomy for achalasia: results after 10 years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic Heller myotomy was first undertaken in the early 1990s, and appreciable numbers of patients with 10-year follow-up periods are now available. This study was undertaken to determine long-term outcomes after laparoscopic Heller myotomy used to treat achalasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 337 patients who have undergone laparoscopic Heller myotomy since 1992, 47 who underwent myotomy more than 10 years ago have been followed through a prospectively maintained registry. Among many symptoms, patients scored dysphagia, chest pain, vomiting, regurgitation, choking, and heartburn before and after myotomy using a Likert scale with choices ranging from 0 (never/not bothersome) to 10 (always/very bothersome). Symptom scores before and after myotomy were compared using a Wilcoxon matched-pairs test. Data are reported as median (mean ± standard deviation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median length of the hospital stay was 2 days (mean, 3 ± 8.6 days; range, 1-60 days). Notable complications were infrequent after myotomy. There were no perioperative deaths. One patient required a redo myotomy after 5 years due to recurrence of symptoms. At this writing, 33 patients (70%) are still alive. The causes of death after discharge were unrelated to myotomy. The frequency and severity scores for dysphagia, chest pain, vomiting, regurgitation, choking, and heartburn all decreased significantly after laparoscopic Heller myotomy (p < 0.0001 for all).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic Heller myotomy can be undertaken with few complications. This procedure significantly decreases the frequency and severity of achalasia symptoms without promoting heartburn. The symptoms of achalasia are durably ameliorated by laparoscopic Heller myotomy during long-term follow-up evaluation, thereby promoting application of this procedure.
authors: Digestive Disorders Center, Tampa General Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA.
authors: Sarah M
authors: SM
authors: Cowgill
authors: Desiree
authors: D
authors: Villadolid
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Boyle
authors: Sam
authors: S
authors: Al-Saadi
authors: Sharona
authors: S
authors: Ross
authors: Alexander S
authors: AS
authors: Rosemurgy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000209:etiology; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology; D006356:Heartburn / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult