title: Visualizing vitreous in vitrectomy by triamcinolone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Visualizing vitreous and retinal surface during vitrectomy, choromovitrectomy, is a novel approach in vitrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) is now most commonly used as an adjunct to vitrectomy for this purpose. Intraoperative use of TA can visualize posterior hyaloid, preretinal membrane, internal limiting membrane (ILM) during pars plana vitrectomy, and prolapsed vitreous during cataract surgery, which can make the procedure very safe and effective. TA-assisted vitrectomy is favorably applied to surgery for macular hole, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, and others. In addition, this technique can disclose the residual hyaloid cortex pattern after surgical posterior vitreous detachment. Diffuse posterior hyaloids cortex is frequently seen in diabetic retinopathy and high myopia, and an island-like cortex is often left on the macula, which can be a scaffold of future macular pucker.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prospective controlled clinical trial showed that TA-assisted vitrectomy reduced the incidence of intraoperative retinal break and retinal detachment more significantly than conventional vitrectomy, although post-operative visual acuity after 1 year was almost the same with each method. Adverse events related to TA-assisted vitrectomy included transient intraocular pressure elevation (approximately 5.0%); most of these events are manageable with topical treatment. The incidence of acute endophthalmitis was 0.03-0.05% , which was at a level comparable to conventional vitrectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this article, current status and the possible problems of TA-assisted vitrectomy are reviewed.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan. tsakamot@m3.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors: Taiji
authors: T
authors: Sakamoto
authors: Tatsuro
authors: T
authors: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D006801:Humans; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide