The ERK signaling cascade--views from different subcellular compartments.
The extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascade is a central signaling pathway that is stimulated by various extracellular stimuli. The signals of these stimuli are then transferred by the cascade's components to a large number of targets at distinct subcellular compartments, which in turn induce and regulate a large number of cellular processes. To achieve these functions, the cascade exhibits versatile and dynamic subcellular distribution that allows proper temporal and spatial modulation of the appropriate processes. In this review, we discuss the intracellular localizations of different components of the ERK cascade, and the impact of these localizations on their activation and specificity.
Yao
Zhong
Z
Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Seger
Rony
R
D000818:Animals; D021941:Caveolae / Q000201:enzymology; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000201:enzymology; D011992:Endosomes / Q000201:enzymology; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D022001:Focal Adhesions / Q000502:physiology; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1 / Q000502:physiology; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2 / Q000502:physiology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000502:physiology; D015388:Organelles / Q000201:enzymology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D048490:raf Kinases / Q000502:physiology
D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C491395:MKNK1 protein, human; C486342:MKNK2 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa; C116919:mitogen and stress-activated protein kinase 1; D048490:raf Kinases; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2