title: A newly developed snack effective for enhancing bone volume.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of primary osteoporosis is higher in Japan than in USA and European countries. Recently, the importance of preventive medicine has been gradually recognized in the field of orthopaedic surgery with a concept that peak bone mass should be increased in childhood as much as possible for the prevention of osteoporosis. Under such background, we have developed a new bean snack with an aim to improve bone volume loss. In this study, we examined the effects of a newly developed snack on bone volume and density in osteoporosis model mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Orchiectomy (ORX) and ovariectomy (OVX) were performed for C57BL/6J mice of twelve-week-old (Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbar, ME, USA) were used in this experiment. We prepared and given three types of powder diet e.g.: normal calcium diet (NCD, Ca: 0.9%, Clea Japan Co., Tokyo, Japan), low calcium diet (LCD, Ca: 0.63%, Clea Japan Co.,) and special diet (SCD, Ca: 0.9%). Eighteen weeks after surgery, all the animals were sacrified and prepared for histomorphometric analysis to quantify bone density and bone mineral content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a result of histomorphometric examination, SCD was revealed to enhance bone volume irrespective of age and sex. The bone density was increased significantly in osteoporosis model mice fed the newly developmental snack as compared with the control mice. The bone mineral content was also enhanced significantly. These phenomena were revealed in both sexes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is shown that the newly developed bean snack is highly effective for the improvement of bone volume loss irrespective of sex. We demonstrated that newly developmental snack supplements may be a useful preventive measure for Japanese whose bone mineral density values are less than the ideal condition.
authors: Department of Orthodontics and Craniofacial Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima-city, Hiroshima, Japan. carcio@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors: Junji
authors: J
authors: Ohtani
authors: Rene Arturo Marquez
authors: RA
authors: Hernandez
authors: Hiroko
authors: H
authors: Sunagawa
authors: Tadashi
authors: T
authors: Fujita
authors: Toshitsugu
authors: T
authors: Kawata
authors: Masato
authors: M
authors: Kaku
authors: Masahide
authors: M
authors: Motokawa
authors: Natsumi
authors: N
authors: Tsuka
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Koseki
authors: Yayoi
authors: Y
authors: Matsuda
authors: Hidetaka
authors: H
authors: Hayashi
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Abedini
authors: Kazuo
authors: K
authors: Tanne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002364:Caseins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010748:Phosphopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013025:Glycine max
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002364:Caseins; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D010748:Phosphopeptides; D008274:Magnesium