title: [Atomic force microscopy investigation of the denudation of the envelope of influenza virus treated with Nonidet P-40].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Through observing the morphology and topography of the prepared influenza viruses (H1N1) treated with the different Nonidet P-40 solutions using atomic force microscopy (AFM), to explore the application of AFM on the research of the internal character of viral morphology and structural virology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The virus samples were treated with serial diluted Nonidet P-40 solutions from 0.05% to 0.20% and then investigated by AFM with the tapping mode in air at room temperature to obtain the morphology and topography changes including height data,amplitude data and phase data for both spherical and filamentous influenza virus A.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serial AFM images show that the erosion degree of the virions is proportional with the improvement of NP-40 concentration,and partly denuded virion image appeared at 0.05% NP-40 treatment, which was revealed clearly on both amplitude images and phase images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work demonstrated for the first time that the internal topography of influenza virion could be revealed by AFM via suitable nonionic surfactants chemical dissection.
authors: Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100025, China. kongxinhu@sina.com
authors: Kong-xin
authors: KX
authors: Hu
authors: Li-ping
authors: LP
authors: Zhang
authors: Chao
authors: C
authors: Mi
authors: Yan-fei
authors: YF
authors: Liu
authors: Hua-qian
authors: HQ
authors: Shuo
authors: Jing
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Le
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Bao-lin
authors: BL
authors: Wang
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000295:instrumentation*; D049329:Nanostructures; D017830:Octoxynol; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D013089:Spermatocidal Agents; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017830:Octoxynol; C010615:Nonidet P-40