Water chemistry influences the toxicity of silver to the green-lipped mussel Perna viridis.
The study determined the influence and relative importance of water chemistry parameters (pH, alkalinity, hardness) on the acute toxicity of silver to the green mussel Perna viridis. A preliminary bioassay revealed that 4 mg L(-1) of silver caused 50% mortality (LC50) in 96 h for mussels placed in seawater with pH 8.5, hardness 1,872 mg L(-1), and alkalinity 172 mg L(-1). Mortality of mussels increased with decreasing pH and increasing hardness and alkalinity variables. In contrast the mortality decreased with increasing pH and decreasing hardness and alkalinity values. The water chemistry also affected the concentration of silver in experimental seawater and bioaccumulation of silver in mussels. The results revealed that the chemical properties of seawater must be considered while conducting toxicity tests with metals like silver. The possible explanations for the influence of water chemistry on silver toxicity to P. viridis are discussed.
Vijayavel
Kannappan
K
Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2540 Dole St, Holmes Hall 283, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. viji222@rediffmail.com
D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000187:drug effects*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D012834:Silver / Q000633:toxicity*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D012834:Silver