title: The association between enamel fluorosis and dental caries in U.S. schoolchildren.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors assessed the association between enamel fluorosis and dental caries to determine if there is any beneficial effect of enamel fluorosis in U.S. schoolchildren.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors used data from a National Institute of Dental Research survey of the oral health of U.S. children conducted in 1986 and 1987 to determine the prevalence of caries and mean decayed, missing or filled surfaces on permanent maxillary right first molars in children 7 to 17 years of age who had a history of a single residence. (To date, this is the only national oral health data set in the United States with detailed information on fluoride exposures.) They examined the association between enamel fluorosis and caries using logistic regression analysis, controlling for potential confounders in communities with water at or above optimal fluoridation levels and in communities with nonfluoridated or suboptimally fluoridated water.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Permanent maxillary right first molars with fluorosis consistently had lower levels of caries experience than did normal molars. Adjusted odds ratios for caries prevalence in molars with fluorosis were 0.71 (95 percent confidence interval [CI], 0.56-0.89) in communities with nonfluoridated or suboptimally fluoridated water and 0.89 (95 percent CI, 0.74-1.06) in communities with water at or above optimal fluoridation levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study's findings suggest that molars with fluorosis are more resistant to caries than are molars without fluorosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results highlight the need for those considering policies regarding reduction in fluoride exposure to take into consideration the caries-preventive benefits associated with milder forms of enamel fluorosis.
authors: Bureau of Dental Health, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY 12237, USA.
authors: Hiroko
authors: H
authors: Iida
authors: Jayanth V
authors: JV
authors: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003733:Dental Caries Susceptibility; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000473:pathology; D019229:Dentition, Permanent; D005457:Fluoridation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005459:Fluorides / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D005459:Fluorides