title: Comparison of ketamine-pentobarbital anesthesia and fentanyl-pentobarbital anesthesia for open-heart surgery in minipigs.
abstract: The authors analyzed and compared the cardiovascular effects of two anesthetic combinations in minipigs undergoing open-heart surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass. Pigs in group K (n = 15) were anesthetized with low-dose ketamine combined with pentobarbital (5 mg per kg and 20 mg per kg, respectively, for induction; continuous intravenous infusion of 5 mg per kg per h and 10 mg per kg per h, respectively, for maintenance). Pigs in group F (n = 15) were treated with fentanyl and pentobarbital (20 microg per kg and 20 mg per kg, respectively, for induction; continuous intravenous infusion of 20 microg per kg per h and 10 mg per kg per h, respectively, for maintenance). Most pigs remained stable during the surgical procedures and survived for at least one day after surgery; two pigs in group F died during or soon after surgery. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure after bypass were significantly lower in group F than in group K, and pigs in group F required higher doses of inotropic agents to maintain cardiac function. Results suggest that for open-heart surgery and bypass in minipigs, ketamine-pentobarbital anesthesia is associated with more stable cardiovascular conditions than is fentanyl-pentobarbital anesthesia.
authors: The Heart Center, First Hospital of Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. dr.liu.debin@gmail.com
authors: Debin
authors: D
authors: Liu
authors: Yanbin
authors: Y
authors: Shao
authors: Xiushu
authors: X
authors: Luan
authors: Mingkui
authors: M
authors: Zhang
authors: Chaoxiang
authors: C
authors: Shui
authors: Qingyu
authors: Q
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000662:veterinary; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005283:Fentanyl; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D007649:Ketamine; D010424:Pentobarbital; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007649:Ketamine; D010424:Pentobarbital; D005283:Fentanyl