Hippocampus and amygdala volumes in patients with borderline personality disorder with or without posttraumatic stress disorder.
BACKGROUND
Several studies have investigated volumetric brain changes in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). Both groups exhibit volume reductions of the hippocampus and amygdala. Our aim was to investigate the influence of comorbid PTSD on hippocampus and amygdala volumes in patients with BPD.


METHODS
We compared 2 groups of unmedicated female patients with BPD (10 with and 15 without comorbid PTSD) and 25 healthy female controls. We used T(1)- and T(2)-weighted magnetic resonance images for manual tracing and 3-dimensional reconstruction of the hippocampus and amygdala.


RESULTS
Hippocampus volumes of patients with BPD and PTSD were smaller than those of healthy controls. However, there was no significant difference between patients with BPD but without PTSD and controls. Impulsiveness was positively correlated with hippocampus volumes in patients with BPD.


CONCLUSIONS
Our study did not allow for disentangling the effects of PTSD and traumatization. Another limitation was the relatively small sample size.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings highlight the importance of classifying subgroups of patients with BPD. Comorbid PTSD may be related to volumetric alterations in brain regions that are of central importance to our understanding of borderline psychopathology.
Schmahl
Christian
C
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany. christian.schmahl@zi-mannheim.de
Berne
Kevin
K
Krause
Annegret
A
Kleindienst
Nikolaus
N
Valerius
Gabriele
G
Vermetten
Eric
E
Bohus
Martin
M
D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000473:pathology*; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*