title: The nature of individual differences in EEG parameters during homogeneous visual field in 5- and 6-year-old twins: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the genetic and environmental influences on the inter-individual variability of spectral EEG parameters under two conditions of reduced visual input in preschoolers.
  
  
  METHODS
  EEG was recorded in 21 monozygotic and 20 same-sex dizygotic twin pairs aged 5-6 years under the Closed eyes and Darkness conditions. The contributions of genetic and environmental influences to individual EEG parameters were estimated using structural equation modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The alpha rhythm parameters - both spectral amplitude and frequency - were influenced mainly by genetic factors. Theta spectral amplitude variance was presumably accounted for by both genetic and shared environmental factors. The difference in the nature of population variance between EEG alpha and theta band spectral amplitudes was reproduced for two identical functional loads: Closed eyes and Darkness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of EEG spectral parameters in preschool children are determined by genetic factors. Tentative finding on systematic environmental influences on theta spectral amplitude under the condition of reduced visual input may point to the role of experience in the individual differences in the functioning of theta response system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings contribute to the scanty knowledge about the heritability of EEG rhythms in preschool children.
authors: Psychological Institute of Russian Academy of Education, Moscow, Russia.
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Stroganova
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Posikera
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Orekhova
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tsetlin
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Novikova
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Kuravsky
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000235:genetics; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000235:genetics*