title: Responses of free radicals to subcutaneous implantation of alginate-chitosan-alginate (ACA) microcapsules in mice.
abstract: The objective of this study was to characterize the levels of free radicals in serum and antioxidase activity after microcapsules were implanted into the subcutaneous space of mice. cell viability was evaluated using ao/Eb staining. serum free radicals, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels were evaluated by colorimetry analysis. the mice were divided into three groups: saline injection group (n=15), empty microcapsules injected group (n=21), encapsulated cells injected group (n=21). cell viability and serum analysis were executed at 1, 4 and 7 days post-implantation. Hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde levels initially increased in the recipients of the empty microcapsules, before decreasing to the basal level. However, in mice receiving the encapsulated cells, the levels were higher at the end of study. nitric oxide and superoxide dismutase increased after the implantation of microcapsules with or without the bHK-21 cells, but were not changed in response to the saline injection. the viability of the encapsulated cells was high in vivo, although some microcapsules had broken by 7 days post-implantation. these results suggest that nitric oxide plays a role in the specific response to microcapsules. the levels of free radicals rapidly increased immediately following microcapsule transplantation, but they caused only slight cellular damage before the microencapsulated cells were exposed.
authors: College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China. zhuhaibao123@yahoo.com
authors: Haibao
authors: H
authors: Zhu
authors: Zhaofang
authors: Z
authors: Xi
authors: Shijin
authors: S
authors: Yang
authors: Yanhong
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Huitian
authors: H
authors: Guo
authors: Yao
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Daichi
authors: D
authors: Chen
authors: Dingzong
authors: D
authors: Guo
mesh_terms: D000165:Acridine Orange; D000464:Alginates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D002214:Capsules / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004996:Ethidium; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000097:blood*; D055103:Hypodermoclysis; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D002214:Capsules; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005609:Free Radicals; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D048271:Chitosan; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D004996:Ethidium; D000165:Acridine Orange