Prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance among treatment-naive and treated HIV-infected patients in Venezuela.
An in-house, low-cost method was developed to determine the genotypic resistance of immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates. All 179 Venezuelan isolates analysed belonged to subtype B. Primary drug resistance mutations were found in 11% of 63 treatment-naïve patients. The prevalence of resistance in isolates from 116 HIV-positive patients under antiretroviral treatment was 47% to protease inhibitors, 65% to nucleoside inhibitors and 38% to non-nucleoside inhibitors, respectively. Around 50% of patients in the study harboured viruses with highly reduced susceptibility to the three classical types of drugs after only five years from their initial diagnoses.
Rangel
Héctor Rafael
HR
Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, CMBC, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas, Venezuela.
Garzaro
Domingo José
DJ
Torres
Jaime Rafael
JR
Castro
Julio
J
Suarez
Jose Antonio
JA
Naranjo
Laura
L
Ossenkopp
John
J
Martinez
Nahír
N
Gutierrez
Cristina
C
Pujol
Flor Helene
FH
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral