title: Telomerase modulates Wnt signalling by association with target gene chromatin.
abstract: Stem cells are controlled, in part, by genetic pathways frequently dysregulated during human tumorigenesis. Either stimulation of Wnt/beta-catenin signalling or overexpression of telomerase is sufficient to activate quiescent epidermal stem cells in vivo, although the mechanisms by which telomerase exerts these effects are not understood. Here we show that telomerase directly modulates Wnt/beta-catenin signalling by serving as a cofactor in a beta-catenin transcriptional complex. The telomerase protein component TERT (telomerase reverse transcriptase) interacts with BRG1 (also called SMARCA4), a SWI/SNF-related chromatin remodelling protein, and activates Wnt-dependent reporters in cultured cells and in vivo. TERT serves an essential role in formation of the anterior-posterior axis in Xenopus laevis embryos, and this defect in Wnt signalling manifests as homeotic transformations in the vertebrae of Tert(-/-) mice. Chromatin immunoprecipitation of the endogenous TERT protein from mouse gastrointestinal tract shows that TERT physically occupies gene promoters of Wnt-dependent genes. These data reveal an unanticipated role for telomerase as a transcriptional modulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway.
authors: Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors: Jae-Il
authors: JI
authors: Park
authors: Andrew S
authors: AS
authors: Venteicher
authors: Ji Yeon
authors: JY
authors: Hong
authors: Jinkuk
authors: J
authors: Choi
authors: Sohee
authors: S
authors: Jun
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Shkreli
authors: Woody
authors: W
authors: Chang
authors: Zhaojing
authors: Z
authors: Meng
authors: Peggie
authors: P
authors: Cheung
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Ji
authors: Margaret
authors: M
authors: McLaughlin
authors: Timothy D
authors: TD
authors: Veenstra
authors: Roel
authors: R
authors: Nusse
authors: Pierre D
authors: PD
authors: McCrea
authors: Steven E
authors: SE
authors: Artandi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002828:Choristoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002843:Chromatin / Q000235:genetics*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019170:Somites / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000196:embryology; D019098:Telomerase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; D051176:beta Catenin; D019098:Telomerase; C509187:Tert protein, mouse; C513194:Smarca4 protein, mouse; D004265:DNA Helicases