title: Under-reporting of tobacco use among Bangladeshi women in England.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study investigates the prevalence of under-reported use of tobacco among Bangladeshi women and the characteristics of this group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 1999 and 2004 Health Survey for England included 996 Bangladeshi women aged 16 years and above, 302 with a valid saliva sample and 694 without. The main outcome measure was the prevalence of under-reported tobacco use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen per cent of Bangladeshi women with a saliva sample under-reported their personal tobacco use. Under-reporters were very similar to self-reported users except for being much more likely to report chewing paan without tobacco (47% versus 9%, P < 0.001). Under-reporters differed significantly from cotinine-validated non-users in most respects. Regression analyses confirmed that under-reporters and self-reported users were similar in age, education level and exposure to passive smoking. Under-reporters were older and less educated than cotinine-validated non-users. Both self-reported users [odds ratio (OR): 0.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04-0.30] and cotinine-validated non-users (OR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.20-0.89) were far less likely to report chewing paan without tobacco compared with under-reporters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contrary to our a priori hypothesis, under-reporters were not young, British-born, English-speaking women likely to be concealing smoking but resembled self-reported tobacco users except for being much more likely to report chewing paan without tobacco.
authors: Health and Social Surveys Research Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. m.roth@ucl.ac.uk
authors: Marilyn A
authors: MA
authors: Roth
authors: Amina
authors: A
authors: Aitsi-Selmi
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Wardle
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Mindell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000208:ethnology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003367:Cotinine / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D016017:Odds Ratio; D031721:Piper betle; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D012650:Self Disclosure; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D003367:Cotinine