title: The contingency-shifting variant Iowa Gambling Task: an investigation with young adults.
abstract: The contingency-shifting variant Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), in which the reward and punishment contingencies of different decks of cards are systematically altered, was investigated with a large group of healthy young adults (n = 208). Our findings demonstrate that the onset of unsignaled, contingency-shift phases initially disrupted learning but that performance subsequently improved during each shift. Subjective experience ratings were positively correlated with performance across all phases. A regression model showed that performance early in the task, in Blocks 3 and 4, significantly predicted later ability to shift to the changing contingencies. Subdividing participants into high performer and low performer groups revealed an increased number of selections of previously good-now-bad decks in the latter group. Overall, the contingency-shifting variant IGT may have potential as a novel measure of reversal learning in experimental and clinical settings.
authors: Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK. s.o.dymond@swansea.ac.uk
authors: Simon
authors: S
authors: Dymond
authors: Matteo
authors: M
authors: Cella
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Cooper
authors: Oliver H
authors: OH
authors: Turnbull
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002755:Choice Behavior; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005715:Gambling; D005717:Games, Experimental; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011678:Punishment; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D012201:Reward