Treatment of osteomyelitis and repair of bone defect by degradable bioactive borate glass releasing vancomycin.
The effectiveness of a degradable and bioactive borate glass has been compared with the clinically used calcium sulfate in the treatment of osteomyelitis of rabbits, as a carrier for vancomycin. The bone infections were induced in the tibias of 65 rabbits by injecting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). After 3 weeks, these rabbits were distributed into 4 groups and treated by debridement. Pure borate glass (BG), vancomycin-loaded calcium sulfate (VCS) and vancomycin-loaded borate glass (VBG) were implanted into the infection sites of groups 2 to 4 respectively. After 8 weeks, the effectiveness of treatment was assessed radiographically, bacteriologically, and histopathologically. The results showed that the negative rates of MRSA examination for rabbits were 36.36%, 18.18%, 73.33% and 81.25% respectively for groups 1 to 4. Significant differences were observed radiographically, bacteriologically, and histopathologically between groups 1 and 4, groups 2 and 3, and between groups 2 and 4. The best result of treatment was observed in group 4. Radiographically, VBG was found to be mostly reabsorbed and replaced by lots of new bones, whereas, VCS was completely reabsorbed and replaced by modest new bones. Histopathologically, there were lots of newly formed bones around VBG without any foreign body response, and only modest new bones around VCS with obvious foreign body response. VBG proved to have excellent biocompatibility and to be very effective in eradicating osteomyelitis and simultaneously stimulating bone regeneration, avoiding the disadvantages of VCS.
Xie
Zongping
Z
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Liu
Xin
X
Jia
Weitao
W
Zhang
Changqing
C
Huang
Wenhai
W
Wang
Jianqiang
J
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D001881:Borates / Q000737:chemistry*; D001895:Boron / Q000097:blood; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry*; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011817:Rabbits; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001881:Borates; D004337:Drug Carriers; D014640:Vancomycin; D001895:Boron