title: Prevalence of Salmonella typhi and paratyphi infection in children: a hospital based study.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella typhi and paratyphi isolated from children presenting with fever at Kanti Children's Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. A total of 9,856 blood samples collected for culture during one year period (April 2007 to March 2008) were included in the study. Out of total, 235 (2.0%) were positive for S. typhi and paratyphi A. Of the total positive, 195 (83.0%) were S. typhi and 40 (17.0%) were S. paratyphi A. The growth positive rate in two genders (M: 53.2% and F: 46.8%) was not significant (P > 0.05). Over two-third of cases were clustered in the age-group of 1-10 years. The occurrence of infections was common in summer months (rainy season). S. typhi was found to be most sensitive to cefotaxime (100.0%) followed by ceftriaxone (98.9%), ofloxacin (93.5%), cotrimoxazole (93.5%) and chloramphenicol (93.2%) and was least sensitive to amoxyccilin (66.7%) followed by ciprofloxacin (86.6%). S. paratyphi also was found to be most sensitive to cefotaxime (100.0%), followed by ceftriaxone (97.4%), cotrimoxazole (97.1%) and chloramphenicol (92.5%) and was least sensitive to amoxycillin (15.0%) followed by ciprofloxacin (51.3%) and ofloxacin (70.3%).
authors: Department of Pediatric Medicine, Kanti Children's Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. bina_pm@yahoo.com
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Prajapati
authors: G K
authors: GK
authors: Rai
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Rai
authors: H C
authors: HC
authors: Upreti
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Thapa
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Singh
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Shrestha
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D010284:Paratyphoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012482:Salmonella paratyphi A / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents