Effects of a diet higher in carbohydrate/lower in fat versus lower in carbohydrate/higher in monounsaturated fat on postmeal triglyceride concentrations and other cardiovascular risk factors in type 1 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the effects of a eucaloric diet higher in carbohydrate/lower in fat versus lower in carbohydrate/higher in monounsaturated fat on postmeal triglyceride (TG) concentrations and other cardiovascular disease risk factors in nonobese subjects with type 1 diabetes and in good glycemic control.


METHODS
In a parallel group design study, 30 subjects were randomly assigned and completed one of the two eucaloric diets. Assessments included: BMI, blood pressure, A1C, plasma lipids, and markers of oxidation, thrombosis, and inflammation. At 6 months, subjects were hospitalized for 24 h to measure plasma TG excursions.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences between groups other than decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) levels and weight gain in the lower-carbohydrate/higher-monounsaturated fat group. During the 24-h testing, the lower-carbohydrate/higher-monounsaturated fat group had a lower plasma TG profile.


CONCLUSIONS
A diet lower in carbohydrate/higher in monounsaturated fat could offer an appropriate choice for nonobese type 1 diabetic individuals with good metabolic and weight control.
Strychar
Irene
I
Research Center of the University of Montreal Hospital Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. irene.strychar@umontreal.ca
Cohn
Jeffrey S
JS
Renier
Geneviève
G
Rivard
Michèle
M
Aris-Jilwan
Nahla
N
Beauregard
Hugues
H
Meltzer
Sara
S
Bélanger
André
A
Dumas
Richard
R
Ishac
Alain
A
Radwan
Farouk
F
Yale
Jean-François
JF
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides