title: Echocardiographic tissue deformation imaging quantifies abnormal regional right ventricular function in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of new quantitative echocardiographic strain and strain-rate imaging parameters to identify abnormal regional right ventricular (RV) deformation associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 34 patients with ARVD/C (confirmed by Task Force criteria) and 34 healthy controls were prospectively enrolled. Conventional echocardiography, including Doppler tissue imaging (DTI), was performed. Doppler and two-dimensional strain-derived velocity, strain, and strain rate were calculated in the apical, mid, and basal segments of the RV free wall.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RV dimensions were significantly increased in patients with ARVD/C (RV outflow tract 19.3+/-5.2 mm/m2 vs 14.1+/-2.2 mm/m2, P<.001; RV inflow tract 23.4+/-4.8 mm/m2 vs 18.8+/-2.4 mm/m2, P<.001), whereas left ventricular dimensions were not significantly different compared with controls. Strain and strain rate values were significantly lower in patients with ARVD/C in all 3 segments. All deformation parameters showed a higher accuracy to detect functional abnormalities compared with conventional echocardiographic criteria of dimensions or global systolic function. The lowest DTI strain value in any of the 3 analyzed segments showed the best receiver operating characteristics (area under the curve 0.97) with an optimal cutoff value of -18.2%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DTI and two-dimensional strain-derived parameters are superior to conventional echocardiographic parameters in identifying ARVD/C. This novel technique may have additional value in the diagnostic workup of patients with suspected ARVD/C.
authors: Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands (A.J.T., M.G.C., B.W.D.B., P.A.D., R.N.H., M.J.C.); and Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of The Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands. a.j.teske@gmail.com
authors: Arco J
authors: AJ
authors: Teske
authors: Moniek G
authors: MG
authors: Cox
authors: Bart W
authors: BW
authors: De Boeck
authors: Pieter A
authors: PA
authors: Doevendans
authors: Richard N
authors: RN
authors: Hauer
authors: Maarten J
authors: MJ
authors: Cramer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019571:Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*