Immunomodulatory activity of xanthohumol: inhibition of T cell proliferation, cell-mediated cytotoxicity and Th1 cytokine production through suppression of NF-kappaB.
Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone present in hops (Humulus lupus L.) and beer, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiproliferative activity, but has not been studied for effects on T cell-mediated immune responses. Here we demonstrate that XN has profound immunosuppressive effects on T cell proliferation, development of IL-2 activated killer (LAK) cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), and production of Th1 cytokines (IL-2, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha). The suppression of these cell-mediated immune responses by XN was at, least in part, due to the inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) transcription factor through suppression of phosphorylation of IkappaBalpha, an inhibitor of NF-kappaB.
Gao
Xiaohua
X
Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
Deeb
Dorrah
D
Liu
Yongbo
Y
Gautam
Sarita
S
Dulchavsky
Scott A
SA
Gautam
Subhash C
SC
D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D027582:Humulus / Q000737:chemistry; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D011427:Propiophenones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016207:Cytokines; D005419:Flavonoids; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606205:Nfkbia protein, mouse; D011427:Propiophenones; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; C104536:xanthohumol