title: Stomach cancer risk in gastric cancer relatives: interaction between Helicobacter pylori infection and family history of gastric cancer for the risk of stomach cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the risk of gastric cancer in first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients, and to determine if there is an interaction between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and family history of gastric cancer in gastric carcinogenesis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  It is unclear to what degree a family history of gastric cancer is associated with stomach cancer risk in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  From May 2003 to July 2008, 428 gastric cancer patients and 368 controls were included in the analyses. Logistic regression models including age, sex, family history of gastric cancer, residency during childhood, smoking, monthly income, spicy food diet and H. pylori status were evaluated to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of developing gastric cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adjusted OR for gastric cancer increased 3-fold for subjects reporting first-degree relatives with gastric cancer [OR 2.85, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.83-4.46]. The association was strong in the 40 to 59 years age group (OR 4.00, 95% CI: 2.06-7.76), and became weaker in subjects older than 60 years of age (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 0.95-3.46). Compared with the uninfected subjects without a family history, subjects with both a family history and H. pylori infection had a 5-fold increased risk (OR 5.32, 95% CI: 2.76-10.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After adjusting for environmental factors and H. pylori infection, a family history of gastric cancer remained independently associated with gastric cancer. The interaction between H. pylori infection and family history of gastric cancer might be a rationale for H. pylori eradication in the gastric cancer relatives as a strategy to prevent gastric cancer.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors: Cheol Min
authors: CM
authors: Shin
authors: Nayoung
authors: N
authors: Kim
authors: Hyo Jun
authors: HJ
authors: Yang
authors: Sung-Il
authors: SI
authors: Cho
authors: Hye Seung
authors: HS
authors: Lee
authors: Joo Sung
authors: JS
authors: Kim
authors: Hyun Chae
authors: HC
authors: Jung
authors: In Sung
authors: IS
authors: Song
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology