Dinucleoside polyphosphates: strong endogenous agonists of the purinergic system.
The purinergic system is composed of mononucleosides, mononucleoside polyphosphates and dinucleoside polyphosphates as agonists, as well as the respective purinergic receptors. Interest in the role of the purinergic system in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology is on the rise. This review focuses on the overall impact of dinucleoside polyphosphates in the purinergic system. Platelets, adrenal glands, endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes and tubular cells release dinucleoside polyphosphates. Plasma concentrations of dinucleoside polyphosphates are sufficient to cause direct vasoregulatory effects and to induce proliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells and mesangial cells. In addition, increased plasma concentrations of a dinucleoside polyphosphate were recently demonstrated in juvenile hypertensive patients. In conclusion, the current literature accentuates the strong physiological and pathophysiological impact of dinucleoside polyphosphates on the cardiovascular system.
Jankowski
Vera
V
Charité-Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Medizinische Klinik IV, Berlin, Germany.
van der Giet
Markus
M
Mischak
Harald
H
Morgan
Michael
M
Zidek
Walter
W
Jankowski
Joachim
J
D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000502:physiology; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D058913:Purinergic Agonists; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic / Q000737:chemistry; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015226:Dinucleoside Phosphates; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D058913:Purinergic Agonists; D011983:Receptors, Purinergic