title: Chitosan-alginate blended nanoparticles as carriers for the transmucosal delivery of macromolecules.
abstract: Nanoparticles intended for use in the transmucosal delivery of macromolecules were prepared by the ionic gelation of chitosan (CS) hydrochloride with pentasodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and concomitant complexation with sodium alginate (ALG). The incorporation of a small proportion of ALG of increasing molecular weight (M(w); from 4 to 74 kDa) into the nanoparticles led to a monotonic increase in colloidal size from ∼260 to ∼525 nm. This increase in size was regarded as a consequence of the formation of gradually more expanded structures. Insulin, taken as a model peptide, was associated to CS-TPP-ALG nanoparticles with efficiencies in the range of ∼41 to ∼52%, irrespective of the M(w) of the ALG incorporated in the formulation. These CS-TPP-ALG nanoparticles exhibited a capacity to enhance the systemic absorption of insulin after nasal administration to conscious rabbits. Interestingly, it was observed that the duration of the hypoglycaemic response was affected by the ALG's M(w). Briefly, this work describes a new nanoparticulate composition of potential value for increasing nasal insulin absorption.
authors: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Francisco M
authors: FM
authors: Goycoolea
authors: Giovanna
authors: G
authors: Lollo
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Remuñán-López
authors: Fabiana
authors: F
authors: Quaglia
authors: María J
authors: MJ
authors: Alonso
mesh_terms: D058956:Administration, Mucosal; D000464:Alginates; D000818:Animals; D048271:Chitosan; D003102:Colloids; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D003102:Colloids; D004337:Drug Carriers; D007328:Insulin; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D048271:Chitosan