title: Bacteria in milk from anterior and posterior mammary glands in sows affected and unaffected by postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PPDS).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The performance of piglet weight gain is strongly dependent on the sow's ability to meet the demand for adequate milk. Postparturient disorders, especially those subsumed under the term postpartum dysgalactia syndrome (PPDS), can alter or reduce the milk production sensitively, resulting in starving piglets. The aim of this study was to gather further information about the prevalence of different bacterial species in the anterior and posterior mammary glands of sows with respect to the clinical appearance of PPDS.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, the health status of 56 sows after farrowing was determined with special regard to mastitis and dysgalactia. Pooled milk samples from anterior and posterior glands were taken from both affected and non-affected animals and analysed bacteriologically for the presence of a wide spectrum of different pathogens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mainly Escherichia coli, staphylococci and streptococci were detected in high percentages but without significant differences in healthy and diseased animals and anterior and posterior glands. However, the large percentages of coliform bacteria suggested a transmission route via faecal contamination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, the prevalence of different bacteria in anterior and posterior glands in PPDS positive and negative sows was analysed. No significant differences in bacteria of healthy and diseased sows were assessed. Therefore, the development of clinical PPDS and actual infection seems to be largely dependant on individual resistance in single sows.
authors: Institute of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. nkemper@tierzucht.uni-kiel.de
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Kemper
authors: Imke
authors: I
authors: Gerjets
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000254:growth & development; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000254:growth & development; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D007775:Lactation Disorders / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000382:microbiology*; D008413:Mastitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*