title: Transethmoidal meningoencephalocele involving the olfactory bulb with enlarged foramina of the lamina cribrosa--case report.
abstract: A 3-year-old girl presented with a transethmoidal meningoencephalocele manifesting as recurrent rhinorrhea. Initially, she developed meningitis, but after treatment she experienced rhinorrhea. Two months later, she again presented with rhinorrhea. Neuroimaging studies revealed a small protrusion (15 mm x 10 mm) at the roof of the ethmoidal sinus. Nasal endoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of meningoencephalocele. The operative findings revealed a small hole in the left olfactory bulb, which had descended into an enlarged foramen along with the arachnoid membrane. The left olfactory bulb was removed, and the enlarged foramina of the lamina cribrosa were covered with a frontal pericranial flap. The defect in the bone was very small, but contributed to the development of meningitis and leakage of the cerebrospinal fluid. Basal cephalocele should be considered in a patient with recurrent rhinorrhea and intracranial infections, even in the absence of any apparent anomaly.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Kagoshima University, Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan. habu1223@m2.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors: Mika
authors: M
authors: Habu
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Niiro
authors: Mitsuo
authors: M
authors: Toyoshima
authors: Yoshifumi
authors: Y
authors: Kawano
authors: Shoji
authors: S
authors: Matsune
authors: Kazunori
authors: K
authors: Arita
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001099:Arachnoid / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004724:Endoscopy; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005005:Ethmoid Sinus / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008581:Meningitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008588:Meningocele / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures; D013346:Subarachnoid Space / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents