title: Perioperative asymptomatic cardiac damage after endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair is associated with poor long-term outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair (EVAR) is associated with a decreased incidence of perioperative cardiac complications compared with open repair. However, EVAR is not associated with long-term survival benefit. This study assessed the effect of perioperative asymptomatic cardiac damage after EVAR on long-term prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 220 patients undergoing elective EVAR, routine sampling for levels of cardiac troponin T and electrocardiography (ECG) were performed on days 1, 3, and 7 during the patient's hospital stay. Elevated cardiac troponin T was defined as serum concentrations >or=0.01 ng/mL. Asymptomatic cardiac damage was defined as cardiac troponin T release without symptoms or ECG changes. The median follow-up was 2.9 years. Survival status was obtained by contacting the Office of Civil Registry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Release of cardiac troponin T (median, 0.08 ng/mL) occurred in 24 of 220 patients, of whom 20 (83%) were asymptomatic and without ECG changes. Patients with asymptomatic cardiac damage had a mortality rate of 49% [corrected] after 2.9 years vs 15% [corrected] for patients without perioperative cardiac damage (P < .001). Also after adjustment for clinical risk factors and medication use applying multivariate Cox regression analysis, asymptomatic cardiac damage was associated with a 2.3-fold increased risk for death (95% confidence interval, 1.1-5.1). Statin use was associated with a reduced long-term risk for death (hazard ratio, 0.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Asymptomatic cardiac damage in patients undergoing EVAR is associated with poor long-term outcome. Routine perioperative cardiac screening after EVAR might be warranted.
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors: Tamara A
authors: TA
authors: Winkel
authors: Olaf
authors: O
authors: Schouten
authors: Jan-Peter
authors: JP
authors: van Kuijk
authors: Hence J M
authors: HJ
authors: Verhagen
authors: Jeroen J
authors: JJ
authors: Bax
authors: Don
authors: D
authors: Poldermans
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017130:Angioplasty / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D002423:Cause of Death; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D019990:Perioperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D011336:Probability; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D011859:Radiography; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020107:Troponin T