title: Bonding effectiveness of different adhesion approaches to unground versus ground primary tooth enamel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to evaluate the bonding effectiveness of self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesive systems in on intact and ground primary tooth enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty primary incisors were divided into 6 groups according to the adhesive system (etch-and-rinse - Adper Single Bond 2 - SB, 2 steps self-etch -Clearfil SE Bond - SE, and 1 step self-etch - One Up Bond F Plus OBF) and to the substrate (ground or intact enamel): G1-SB/intact enamel; G2-SE/intact enamel; G3- OBF/intact enamel; G4-SB/ground enamel; G5- SE/ground enamel and G6-OBF/ground enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microshear bond test specimens were prepared with microhybrid composite and after 24h of water storage the microshear test was performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were submitted to statistical analysis using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparing the enamel characteristics (ground or intact) only when SE was used a statistically significant difference was found, as G2 (21.12+/-4.52) was statistically lower than G5 (33.29+/-5.44). Among the intact enamel groups, SB (26.11+/-7.56) was statistically superior to SE (21.12+/-4.52) and OBF (17.01+/-3.96). However, when comparisons were made among groups of ground enamel, SE (33.29+/-5.44) was significantly higher than SB (26.35+/-8.18) and OBF (17.52+/-3.46).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two-step self-etch adhesive system is a reliable alternative to etch and rinse adhesive systems on both ground and intact primary enamel.
authors: Department Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors: M S
authors: MS
authors: Knirsch
authors: C C
authors: CC
authors: Bonifácio
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Shimaoka
authors: A P
authors: AP
authors: Andrade
authors: R C R
authors: RC
authors: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements; D003743:Dental Enamel; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements