Health-related fitness in adolescents: underweight, and not only overweight, as an influencing factor. The AVENA study.
This study investigated differences in health-related fitness (20-m shuttle run, handgrip, bent arm hang, standing long jump, shuttle run 4 x 10 m and sit and reach tests) in 2474 Spanish adolescents (1196 boys and 1278 girls; age 13-18.5 years) classed as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese according to body mass index. Body fat and fat-free mass were derived from skinfold thickness. The prevalence of underweight was higher than obesity in girls (4.8% vs 3.0%, respectively; P<0.05) and the opposite in boys (3.9% vs 5.8%, respectively; P<0.05). Underweight was associated with a higher performance in the bent arm hang test in girls (P<0.05) and a lower performance in handgrip in both genders (P<0.01) compared with normal weight. Overweight and obese adolescents presented a lower performance in 20-m shuttle run, bent arm hang, standing long jump and shuttle run 4 x 10 m tests (P<0.001), but a higher performance in handgrip strength (P<0.001) compared with normal weight. In weight-bearing tests, the association became non-significant after adjusting for fat mass. In conclusion, not only overweight and obesity but also underweight seem to be determinants of health-related fitness in adolescents. The associations could be related to differences in body composition.
Artero
E G
EG
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. artero@ugr.es
España-Romero
V
V
Ortega
F B
FB
Jiménez-Pavón
D
D
Ruiz
J R
JR
Vicente-Rodríguez
G
G
Bueno
M
M
Marcos
A
A
Gómez-Martínez
S
S
Urzanqui
A
A
González-Gross
M
M
Moreno
L A
LA
Gutiérrez
A
A
Castillo
M J
MJ
D000293:Adolescent; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013851:Thinness / Q000453:epidemiology*