Mindfulness groups for distressing voices and paranoia: a replication and randomized feasibility trial.
BACKGROUND
The clinical literature cautions against use of meditation by people with psychosis. There is, however, evidence for acceptance-based therapy reducing relapse, and some evidence for clinical benefits of mindfulness groups for people with distressing psychosis, though no data on whether participants became more mindful.


OBJECTIVE
To assess feasibility of randomized evaluation of group mindfulness therapy for psychosis, to replicate clinical gains observed in one small uncontrolled study, and to assess for changes in mindfulness.


METHODS
Twenty-two participants with current distressing psychotic experiences were allocated at random between group-based mindfulness training and a waiting list for this therapy. Mindfulness training comprised twice-weekly sessions for 5 weeks, plus home practice (meditation CDs were supplied), followed by 5 weeks of home practice.


RESULTS
There were no significant differences between intervention and waiting-list participants. Secondary analyses combining both groups and comparing scores before and after mindfulness training revealed significant improvement in clinical functioning (p = .013) and mindfulness of distressing thoughts and images (p = .037).


CONCLUSIONS
Findings on feasibility are encouraging and secondary analyses replicated earlier clinical benefits and showed improved mindfulness of thoughts and images, but not voices.
Chadwick
Paul
P
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, UK. paul.chadwick@kcl.ac.uk
Hughes
Stephanie
S
Russell
Daphne
D
Russell
Ian
I
Dagnan
Dave
D
D000328:Adult; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003469:Culture; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012563:Schizophrenia, Paranoid / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires