title: Arch aneurysm repair with long elephant trunk: a 10-year experience in 111 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We studied the long-term outcome of arch aneurysm repair with a long elephant trunk (LET) anastomosed at the base of brachiocephalic artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1998 and 2008, 111 patients underwent arch aneurysm repair with LET. A 4-branched graft was sutured to the sinotubular junction, the distal ascending aorta transected, and a LET inserted into the aortic arch while selective cerebral perfusion was maintained. The graft distal end was anastomosed to the LET, incorporating the distal ascending aorta, and arch vessels were anastomosed to graft branches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concomitantly, 33 patients (30%) underwent other cardiac procedures, including 11 aortic root replacements. Two patients died (1.8%) within 30 days and 7 died (6.3%) after 30 days. Perioperative morbidity included 2 (1.8%) with stroke, 3 (2.7%) with paraplegia, and 1 (0.9%) with paraparesis. Postoperative computed tomography scans revealed complete aneurysmal thrombosis around the LET in 88 patients (79%), who were monitored without a second-stage procedure. Among 23 patients with incomplete thrombosis, 19 underwent a second-stage procedure to complete distal fixation of the LET. Overall survival was 88%, 83%, and 75%, at 1, 3, and 5 years after aneurysm repair with the LET. No aneurysm rupture or reexpansion occurred in patients with complete thrombosis. Four patients with incomplete thrombosis died of rupture before the second-stage procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated safety and good durability of the LET technique and suggest that this technique is a simple and safe procedure that is applicable to a variety of arch aneurysms.
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Japan Labor Health and Welfare Organization Osaka Rosai Hospital, Sakai, Japan. ktoda2002@yahoo.co.jp
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Toda
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Taniguchi
authors: Takafumi
authors: T
authors: Masai
authors: Toshiki
authors: T
authors: Takahashi
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Kuki
authors: Yoshiki
authors: Y
authors: Sawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D000792:Angiography; D017545:Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016122:Brachiocephalic Trunk / Q000637:transplantation*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006085:Graft Survival; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D020760:Spinal Cord Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome