title: [Not Available].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To deteremine the incidence, nature and management of extra-biliary complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study presents a retrospective analysis of extra-biliary complications occuring during 1046 laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed from August 2003 to December 2006. The study population included all the patients with symptomatic gallstone disease in whom laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. The extra-biliary complications were divided into two distinct categories: (i) Procedure related and (ii) Access related.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of access-related complications was 3.77% and that of procedure-related complications was 6.02%. Port-site bleeding was troublesome at times and demanded a re-do laparoscopy or conversion. Small bowel laceration occurred in two patients where access was achieved by closed technique. Five cases of duodenal and two of colonic perforations were the major complications encountered during dissection in the area of Calot's triangle. In 21 (2%) patients the procedure was converted to open surgery due to different complications. Biliary complications occurred in 2.6% patients in the current series.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Major extra-biliary complications are as frequent as the biliary complications and can be life-threatening. An early diagnosis is critical to their management.
authors: Department of Surgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Hyderabad, Pakistan.
authors: Arshad M
authors: AM
authors: Malik
authors: Abdul Aziz
authors: AA
authors: Laghari
authors: Qasim
authors: Q
authors: Mallah
authors: Fazila
authors: F
authors: Hashmi
authors: Ubaid
authors: U
authors: Sheikh
authors: K Altaf Hussain
authors: KA
authors: Talpur