New strategies for the prevention of stroke.
1. Stroke is a major cause of disability and death worldwide. It is preferable to prevent stroke rather than to treat it and, for the prevention of stroke, all risk factors relating to stroke need to be understood. The present paper reviews potential new strategies for the prevention of stroke based on findings of new risk factors, as well as classical risk factors. 2. Recently, new risk factors related to stroke were reported, including dysfunction of the arterial baroreflex, pro-inflammatory cytokines, vitamins and hormone deficiency. Correspondingly, therapies targeting these risk factors where shown to significantly reduce the incidence and/or severity of stroke. 3. Because the genesis of stroke is multifactorial, the prevention of stroke should not target one risk factor only. Combination therapies with drugs acting on different risk factors may be more effective in the prevention of stroke.
Liu
Ai-Jun
AJ
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Guo
Jin-Min
JM
Xia
Weiliang
W
Su
Ding-Feng
DF
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005494:Folic Acid Deficiency / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D011372:Progestins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000517:prevention & control
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D011372:Progestins