title: Human ISL1 heart progenitors generate diverse multipotent cardiovascular cell lineages.
abstract: The generation and expansion of diverse cardiovascular cell lineages is a critical step during human cardiogenesis, with major implications for congenital heart disease. Unravelling the mechanisms for the diversification of human heart cell lineages has been hampered by the lack of genetic tools to purify early cardiac progenitors and define their developmental potential. Recent studies in the mouse embryo have identified a multipotent cardiac progenitor that contributes to all of the major cell types in the murine heart. In contrast to murine development, human cardiogenesis has a much longer onset of heart cell lineage diversification and expansion, suggesting divergent pathways. Here we identify a diverse set of human fetal ISL1(+) cardiovascular progenitors that give rise to the cardiomyocyte, smooth muscle and endothelial cell lineages. Using two independent transgenic and gene-targeting approaches in human embryonic stem cell lines, we show that purified ISL1(+) primordial progenitors are capable of self-renewal and expansion before differentiation into the three major cell types in the heart. These results lay the foundation for the generation of human model systems for cardiovascular disease and novel approaches for human regenerative cardiovascular medicine.
authors: Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charles River Plaza/CPZN 3208, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
authors: Lei
authors: L
authors: Bu
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Jiang
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Martin-Puig
authors: Leslie
authors: L
authors: Caron
authors: Shenjun
authors: S
authors: Zhu
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Shao
authors: Drucilla J
authors: DJ
authors: Roberts
authors: Paul L
authors: PL
authors: Huang
authors: Ibrahim J
authors: IJ
authors: Domian
authors: Kenneth R
authors: KR
authors: Chien
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D019070:Cell Lineage; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D060508:Wnt3 Protein
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D060850:LIM-Homeodomain Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; C063843:insulin gene enhancer binding protein Isl-1