title: Antioxidant capacity of 3D human skin EpiDerm model: effects of skin moisturizers.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of skin moisturizers on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of human skin using EpiDerm model. Three different skin moisturizers containing antioxidant ingredients (samples 1-3) or aloe vera extract were topically applied to EpiDerm units and incubated for 2 and 24 h to determine acute and longer-term effects of applied samples on TAC and glutathione peroxidase activity in medium and/or homogenized skin tissues. Total antioxidant capacity in medium and skin homogenates was enhanced (P < 0.0001) by gel containing antioxidant ingredients (sample 2) after 2 and 24 h of incubation. Total antioxidant capacity in medium was also enhanced (P < 0.001) by cream containing antioxidant ingredients (sample 3) after 24 h of incubation. Overall, TAC in medium was greater (P < 0.02) after 24 h than 2 h of incubation. Skin moisturizer cream with high antioxidant levels determined by using oxygen radical absorbance capacity testing (sample 1) and aloe vera extract did not affect TAC. Glutathione peroxidase activity was enhanced (P < 0.0001) in medium and skin homogenates by sample 2 but not by any other sample. These data demonstrate high potential of gel and cream (samples 2 and 3) containing antioxidant ingredients in enhancing antioxidant capacity of EpiDerm which will likely contribute to overall skin health. Results of this experiment will help to better understand mechanisms of effects of skin moisturizers containing antioxidant ingredients on skin function at the tissue level and to establish effective strategies for skin protection and clinical treatments of skin disorders and possibly healing wounds.
authors: Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105-5727, USA. Anna.Grazul-Bilska@ndsu.edu
authors: A T
authors: AT
authors: Grazul-Bilska
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Bilski
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Redmer
authors: L P
authors: LP
authors: Reynolds
authors: K M
authors: KM
authors: Abdullah
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Abdullah
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants; D003358:Cosmetics; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D012867:Skin
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003358:Cosmetics