Perceived mental illness stigma and HIV risk behaviors among adult psychiatric outpatients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
We examined the associations between perceived mental illness stigma and HIV risk and protective behaviors among adults with severe mental illness (SMI) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We measured mental illness stigma across three domains ("Personal Experiences," "Perceived Attractiveness," and "Relationship Discrimination"), and examined the relationship between experiences of stigma in each domain and HIV risk and protective behaviors over the past 3 months in 98 outpatients with SMI. Those who reported greater "Relationship Discrimination" stigma were significantly more likely to be sexually active and to have unprotected sex; they were significantly less likely to report deliberately having fewer partners as a way to protect themselves from HIV. The role of stigma in unprotected sexual behavior should be examined further and considered in any HIV prevention intervention for people with SMI.
Elkington
Katherine S
KS
HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive #15, New York, NY, 10032, USA. ke2143@columbia.edu
McKinnon
Karen
K
Mann
Claudio Gruber
CG
Collins
Pamela Y
PY
Leu
Cheng-Shiun
CS
Wainberg
Milton L
ML
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D001938:Brazil; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D006296:Health Services; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011287:Prejudice; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000523:psychology*; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult