Subsurface damage in precision ground ULE(R) and Zerodur(R) surfaces.
The total process cycle time for large ULE((R)) and Zerodur((R))optics can be improved using a precise and rapid grinding process, with low levels of surface waviness and subsurface damage. In this paper, the amounts of defects beneath ULE((R)) and Zerodur((R) )surfaces ground using a selected grinding mode were compared. The grinding response was characterised by measuring: surface roughness, surface profile and subsurface damage. The observed subsurface damage can be separated into two distinct depth zones, which are: 'process' and 'machine dynamics' related.
Tonnellier
X
X
Morantz
P
P
Shore
P
P
Baldwin
A
A
Evans
R
R
Walker
D D
DD