title: Multiple cation channels mediate increases in intracellular calcium induced by the volatile irritant, trans-2-pentenal in rat trigeminal neurons.
abstract: Trans-2-Pentenal (pentenal), an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde, induces increases in [Ca(2+)](i) in cultured neonatal rat trigeminal ganglion (TG) neurons. Since all pentenal-sensitive neurons responded to a specific TRPA1 agonist, allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and neurons from TRPA1 knockouts failed to respond to pentenal, TRPA1 appears to be sole initial transduction site for pentenal-evoked trigeminal response, as reported for the structurally related irritant, acrolein. Furthermore, because the neuronal sensitivity to pentenal is strictly dependent upon the presence of extracellular Na(+)/Ca(2+), as we showed previously, we investigated which types of voltage-gated sodium/calcium channels (VGSCs/VGCCs) are involved in pentenal-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increases as a downstream mechanisms. The application of tetrodotoxin (TTX) significantly suppressed the pentenal-induced increase in [Ca(2+)](i) in a portion of TG neurons, suggesting that TTX-sensitive (TTXs) VGSCs contribute to the pentenal response in those neurons. Diltiazem and omega-agatoxin IVA, antagonists of L- and P/Q-type VGCCs, respectively, both caused significant reductions of the pentenal-induced responses. omega-Conotoxin GVIA, on the other hand, caused only a small decrease in the size of pentenal-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. These indicate that both L- and P/Q-type VGCCs are involved in the increase in [Ca(2+)](i) produced by pentenal, while N-type calcium channels play only a minor role. This study demonstrates that TTXs VGSCs, L- and P/Q-type VGCCs play a significant role in the pentenal-induced trigeminal neuronal responses as downstream mechanisms following TRPA1 activation.
authors: Tobacco Science Research Center, Japan Tobacco Inc., Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227-8512, Japan. takashi.c.inoue@jt.com
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Inoue
authors: Bruce P
authors: BP
authors: Bryant
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D007509:Irritants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012668:Trigeminal Ganglion / Q000166:cytology*; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D007473:Ion Channels; D007509:Irritants; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D015222:Sodium Channels; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; C064599:2-pentenal; D012964:Sodium; C004471:allyl isothiocyanate; D002118:Calcium