title: Botox therapy for ischemic digits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Treating patients with Raynaud's phenomenon who have chronic pain and ulcerations is extremely challenging. Unrelenting pain can lead to dysfunction and disuse, rendering the patient debilitated and/or chronically depressed. Pharmacologic vasodilators and surgical sympathectomies offer variable benefits. Outcomes of symptomatic patients treated with botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injections for Raynaud's phenomenon are presented.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study focused on patient outcomes was performed on 19 patients diagnosed with Raynaud's phenomenon. Patients suffered from chronic ischemic hand pain. All patients had vascular studies to rule out occlusive disease. Fifty to 100 units of Botox were injected into the palm around each involved neurovascular bundle. Preinjection and postinjection laser Doppler scanning was performed on most patients to measure blood flow.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen of 19 patients (84 percent) reported pain reduction at rest. Thirteen patients reported immediate relief; three reported more gradual pain reduction over 1 to 2 months. Three patients had no or minimal pain relief. Tissue perfusion results demonstrated a marked change in blood flow (-48.15 percent to 425 percent) to the digits. All patients with chronic finger ulcers healed within 60 days. Most patients [n = 12 (63 percent)] remained pain-free (13 to 59 months) with a single-injection schedule. Four patients (21 percent) required repeated injections because of recurrent pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vascular function is abnormal in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. Although its mechanism is unknown, Botox yielded a distinct improvement in perfusion and reduction in pain in patients failing conservative management. Continued research may lead to more specific and reliable treatment for Raynaud's patients.
authors: Springfield, Ill. From the Plastic Surgery Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine.
authors: Michael W
authors: MW
authors: Neumeister
authors: Christopher B
authors: CB
authors: Chambers
authors: Margo S
authors: MS
authors: Herron
authors: Kelli
authors: K
authors: Webb
authors: Joel
authors: J
authors: Wietfeldt
authors: Jessica N
authors: JN
authors: Gillespie
authors: Rueben A
authors: RA
authors: Bueno
authors: Carisa M
authors: CM
authors: Cooney
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011928:Raynaud Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A