title: Carotenoid production from Chlorococcum littorale in photoautotrophic cultures with downstream supercritical fluid processing.
abstract: Carotenoid production from highly CO(2 )tolerant microalga Chlorococcum littorale in photoautotrophic cultures with downstream supercritical fluid processing was studied. Increasing temperature, increasing light intensity and decreasing CO(2) and O(2) gas concentrations enhanced growth rate under nitrate-rich conditions. Carotenoid content was insensitive to nitrate concentration, temperature and gas composition, but was greatly promoted by light intensity. Growth rate and carotenoid content had an optimum light intensity of ca. 120 micromol-photon * m(-2)s(-1). Separation of two sample cultures was studied by applying supercritical fluid extraction with CO(2 )and 10 mol% ethanol co-solvent. Extraction yield of carotenoids was 90% with 10 mol% ethanol at 333 K and 30 MPa. Selectivity of a sample with less lipid content (12.9 wt%) was five-fold higher than that with higher lipid content (29.4 w%).
authors: Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Tohoku University, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Ota
authors: Hiromoto
authors: H
authors: Watanabe
authors: Yoshitaka
authors: Y
authors: Kato
authors: Masaru
authors: M
authors: Watanabe
authors: Yoshiyuki
authors: Y
authors: Sato
authors: Richard Lee
authors: RL
authors: Smith
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Inomata
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008027:Light; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002338:Carotenoids; D010100:Oxygen