title: Hydrochlorothiazide and atenolol combination antihypertensive therapy: effects of drug initiation order.
abstract: For combination antihypertensive therapy with thiazide diuretics and beta-blockers, the effect of the order of initiation of the drugs on the outcome has not been tested. Patients with uncomplicated hypertension were randomized to receive either hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) or atenolol monotherapy, followed by addition of the alternative drug. Blood pressure (BP) responses were evaluated by race and order of drug initiation. A total of 368 participants received combination therapy. Among the participants, blacks showed a greater BP-lowering effect than whites did with HCTZ monotherapy (-13.0/-7.4 mm Hg vs. -8.0/-4.2 mm Hg, P < 0.001) but a smaller BP-lowering effect than did whites with atenolol monotherapy (-1.1/-2.9 mm Hg vs. -9.9/-9.2 mm Hg, P < 0.0001). These differences were not evident during combination therapy. However, both groups showed greater response to HCTZ + atenolol than to atenolol + HCTZ (-19.1/-14.2 mm Hg vs. -15.6/-11.3 mm Hg, P < 0.0001). Despite optimal dosing of HCTZ + atenolol, only two-thirds of the participants achieved BP control. In HCTZ/atenolol combination antihypertensive therapy, the order in which the drugs are initiated affects total BP lowering during the first 4-6 months of therapy.
authors: College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA. Johnson@cop.ufl.edu
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Johnson
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Gong
authors: K R
authors: KR
authors: Bailey
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Cooper-DeHoff
authors: A B
authors: AB
authors: Chapman
authors: S T
authors: ST
authors: Turner
authors: G L
authors: GL
authors: Schwartz
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Campbell
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Schmidt
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Beitelshees
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Boerwinkle
authors: J G
authors: JG
authors: Gums
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001262:Atenolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044383:Black People; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D001262:Atenolol