title: Radiometric vs. agar proportion methods for assessing ethionamide resistance and its clinical effects in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
abstract: METHODS
  Three centres for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Istanbul, Turkey: Heybeliada Centre for Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery, Süreyyapaşa Centre for Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery and Yedikule Centre for Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the presence of ethionamide (ETH) resistance and its effect on time to sputum smear negativity in MDR-TB patients who had not previously received second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Drug susceptibility testing for isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RMP), ethambutol, streptomycin and ETH was performed on 50 patients treated between August 2004 and May 2005. Indirect agar proportion and BACTEC methods were used to determine ETH susceptibility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the patients who were resistant to at least INH and RMP, 11 (22%) (three [27.3%] new and eight [72.7%] retreatment) were resistant to ETH with the BACTEC method. Of 18 new patients, three (16.6%) were ETH-resistant using the BACTEC method compared to 8/32 (25%) retreatment patients. The mean time to smear negativity was 75.2 days in ETH-resistant patients and 50 days in susceptible patients (P < 0.05). Both ETH-resistant and -susceptible groups were homogeneous for factors that may have a possible effect on time to conversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Not only ETH resistance but also age and radiologically advanced disease adversely affected time to sputum conversion.
authors: Department of Pulmonology, Echomar Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. nurcimen@hotmail.com
authors: Nurcin O
authors: NO
authors: Cimen
authors: Z
authors: Z
authors: Arslan
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Saygi
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Ocak
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Babacan
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kurutepe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000362:Agar; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005000:Ethionamide / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012293:Rifampin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004977:Ethambutol; D000362:Agar; D005000:Ethionamide; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin; D013307:Streptomycin