title: Systematic review and stratified meta-analysis of the efficacy of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in animal models of stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist (RA) is an anti-inflammatory protein used to treat arthritis that has also been identified as a candidate stroke drug.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of reports of the efficacy of IL-1 RA in animal models of focal cerebral ischemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 16 published sources and one unpublished source of data. IL-1 RA reduced infarct volume by 38.2% (95% confidence interval 31.2%-45.1%). Efficacy was higher with higher doses, earlier treatment, and central administration of drug. No studies used animals with hypertension or diabetes or tested efficacy beyond 3 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The animal data supporting IL-1 RA as a candidate drug for stroke are limited, and further experiments are required before proceeding to clinical trial.
authors: Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Banwell
authors: Emily S
authors: ES
authors: Sena
authors: Malcolm R
authors: MR
authors: Macleod
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1