title: The effect of scapular-retractor fatigue on external and internal rotation in patients with internal impingement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Scapular strengthening is thought to be an important component of the rehabilitation of patients with internal impingement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of scapular-retractor-muscle fatigue on internal- and external-rotation-torque production in patients with internal impingement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  15 patients and 18 healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A scapular-retractor-fatigue protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Shoulder-rotation-torque production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the scapular-retractor-fatigue protocol external-rotation strength was reduced in patients (involved 25%, noninvolved 19%; P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fatigue in the scapular retractors resulted in lower shoulder-rotation-torque production. These findings emphasize the importance of the scapular retractors for proper function of the shoulder rotators with the arm in an abducted position in patients with internal impingement.
authors: NISMAT, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY.
authors: Timothy F
authors: TF
authors: Tyler
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Cuoco
authors: Aaron K
authors: AK
authors: Schachter
authors: Gregory C
authors: GC
authors: Thomas
authors: Malachy P
authors: MP
authors: McHugh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology; D012399:Rotation; D019534:Shoulder Impingement Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*