title: A novel small molecule inhibitor of FAK decreases growth of human pancreatic cancer.
abstract: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed in many types of tumors, including pancreatic cancer, and plays an important role in cell adhesion and survival signaling. Pancreatic cancer is a lethal disease and is very resistant to chemotherapy, and FAK has been shown recently to assist in tumor cell survival. Therefore, FAK is an excellent potential target for anti-cancer therapy. We identified a novel small molecule inhibitor (1,2,4,5-Benzenetetraamine tetrahydrochloride, that we called Y15) targeting the main autophosphorylation site of FAK and hypothesized that it would be an effective treatment strategy against human pancreatic cancer. Y15 specifically blocked phosphorylation of Y397-FAK and total phosphorylation of FAK. It directly inhibited FAK autophosphorylation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, Y15 increased pancreatic cancer cell detachment and inhibited cell adhesion in a dose-dependent manner. Y15 effectively caused human pancreatic tumor regression in vivo, when administered alone and its effects were synergistic with gemcitabine chemotherapy. This was accompanied by a decrease in Y397-phosphorylation of FAK in the tumors treated with Y15. Thus, targeting the Y397 site of FAK in pancreatic cancer with the small molecule inhibitor, 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetraamine tetrahydrochloride, is a potentially effective treatment strategy in this deadly disease.
authors: Department of Surgery, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA.
authors: Steven N
authors: SN
authors: Hochwald
authors: Carl
authors: C
authors: Nyberg
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Zheng
authors: Donghang
authors: D
authors: Zheng
authors: Cheng
authors: C
authors: Wood
authors: Nicole A
authors: NA
authors: Massoll
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Magis
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Ostrov
authors: William G
authors: WG
authors: Cance
authors: Vita M
authors: VM
authors: Golubovskaya
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: C539551:1,2,4,5-benzenetetraamine; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000093542:Gemcitabine