title: Effect of microneedle on the pharmacokinetics of ketoprofen from its transdermal formulations.
abstract: Non-invasive transdermal delivery using microneedle arrays was recently introduced to deliver a variety of large and hydrophilic compounds into the skin, including proteins and DNA. In this study, a microneedle array was applied to the delivery of a hydrophobic drug, ketoprofen, to determine if transdermal delivery in rats can be improved without the need for permeation enhancers. The ability of a microneedle to increase the skin permeability of ketoprofen was tested using the following procedure. A microneedle array was inserted into the lower back skin of a rat using a clip for 10 min. Subsequently, 24 mg/kg of a ketoprofen gel was loaded on the same site where the microneedle had been applied. Simultaneously, the microneedle was coated with 24 mg/kg of a ketoprofen gel, and inserted into the skin using a clip for 10 min. As a negative control experiment, only 24 mg/kg of the ketoprofen gel was applied to the shaved lower back of a rat. Blood samples were taken at the indicated times. The plasma concentration (C(p)) was obtained as a function of time (t), and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using the BE program. The group loaded with the microneedle coated with ketoprofen gel showed a 1.86-fold and 2.86-fold increase in the AUC and C((max)) compared with the ketoprofen gel alone group. These results suggest that a microneedle can be an ideal tool for transdermal delivery products.
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
authors: Jae-Woo
authors: JW
authors: So
authors: Hyoun-Hyang
authors: HH
authors: Park
authors: Seung S
authors: SS
authors: Lee
authors: Dong-Chool
authors: DC
authors: Kim
authors: Sang-Chul
authors: SC
authors: Shin
authors: Cheong-Weon
authors: CW
authors: Cho
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D005782:Gels; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D009339:Needles; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012869:Skin Absorption; D012984:Software; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005782:Gels; D007660:Ketoprofen