title: Factors associated with septic shock and mortality in generalized peritonitis: comparison between community-acquired and postoperative peritonitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk factors associated with poor outcome in generalized peritonitis are still debated. Our aim was to analyze clinical and bacteriological factors associated with the occurrence of shock and mortality in patients with secondary generalized peritonitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective observational study involving 180 consecutive patients with secondary generalized peritonitis (community-acquired and postoperative) at a single center. We recorded peri-operative occurrence of septic shock and 30-day survival rate and analyzed their associations with patients characteristics (age, gender, SAPS II, liver cirrhosis, cancer, origin of peritonitis), and microbiological/mycological data (peritoneal fluid, blood cultures).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequency of septic shock was 41% and overall mortality rate was 19% in our cohort. Patients with septic shock had a mortality rate of 35%, versus 8% for patients without shock. Septic shock occurrence and mortality rate were not different between community-acquired and postoperative peritonitis. Age over 65, two or more microorganisms, or anaerobes in peritoneal fluid culture were independent risk factors of shock. In the subgroup of peritonitis with septic shock, biliary origin was independently associated with increased mortality. In addition, intraperitoneal yeasts and Enterococci were associated with septic shock in community-acquired peritonitis. Yeasts in the peritoneal fluid of postoperative peritonitis were also an independent risk factor of death in patients with septic shock.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unlike previous studies, we observed no difference in incidence of shock and prognosis between community-acquired and postoperative peritonitis. Our findings support the deleterious role of Enterococcus species and yeasts in peritoneal fluid, reinforcing the need for prospective trials evaluating systematic treatment against these microorganisms in patients with secondary peritonitis.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hôpital Lariboisière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris 75010, France. florence.riche@lrb.aphp.fr
authors: Florence C
authors: FC
authors: Riché
authors: Xavier
authors: X
authors: Dray
authors: Marie-Josèphe
authors: MJ
authors: Laisné
authors: Joaquim
authors: J
authors: Matéo
authors: Laurent
authors: L
authors: Raskine
authors: Marie-José
authors: MJ
authors: Sanson-Le Pors
authors: Didier
authors: D
authors: Payen
authors: Patrice
authors: P
authors: Valleur
authors: Bernard P
authors: BP
authors: Cholley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D015996:Survival Rate