title: Effects of timolol and latanoprost on respiratory and cardiovascular status in elderly patients with glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the respiratory and cardiovascular effects of switching therapy from topical timolol 0.5% to latanoprost 0.005% in elderly patients with glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) who were treated with topical timolol 0.5% were included in the study. The beta-blocker treatment was ended due to insufficient intraocular pressure (IOP) and systemic or local side effects. The treatment then switched to latanoprost in these patients. All recruited patients underwent a full ocular, cardiovascular, and respiratory examination including spirometry, pulse rate, and blood pressure. All measurements were made 1 day before the beta-blocker treatment was ended and 30 days after the latanoprost treatment was started.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Timolol treatment was associated with numerically but not statistically significant lowered pulse rates, systemic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and reductions in the spirometry measurements. The change to latanoprost treatment was associated with numerical improvement in mean values of spirometric test results. There were no significant differences in changes in mean values of spirometry, pulse rate, or blood pressure. Histamine challenge test was determined to be positive in 16 of 25 patients for timolol, of whom 10 were positive for latanoprost. This was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although all the results presented were statistically insignificant, switching to latanoprost treatment may offer some advantages in respiratory and cardiovascular function for elderly people with glaucoma over beta-blocker drugs. Spirometry and the measurement of pulse rate and blood pressure are advised in all patients receiving topical beta-blocker therapy.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Kirikkale University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors: Ahmet
authors: A
authors: Ergin
authors: Kemal
authors: K
authors: Ornek
authors: Reyhan
authors: R
authors: Güllü
authors: Emel
authors: E
authors: Bulcun
authors: Mehmet
authors: M
authors: Ekici
authors: Aydanur
authors: A
authors: Ekici
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D000077338:Latanoprost; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects*; D013147:Spirometry; D013999:Timolol / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D000077338:Latanoprost; D013999:Timolol