title: HLA allele associations in idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion patients from India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rejection of semiallogenic foetus in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) has been postulated to be a consequence of genetic and immunological phenomena.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles in RSA in Indian couples.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-one randomly selected couples with unexplained three or more RSAs and a control group of 97 couples with live birth belonging to the same ethnic background, referred to the Gynaecology Department, KEM Hospital were included in the case-control study. Serological HLA A and B typing was done followed by molecular subtypes, defined using PCR-SSOP technique for HLA A, B, and C in 40 couples and DRB1* and DQB1* in 28 couples which were then compared with appropriate case 46 and 88 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serologically A3 (15.43% vs. 4.43%; odds ratio (OR) = 4.34; P = 0.0002) and B17 (25.3% vs. 11.34%; OR = 3.49; P = 0.0001) were increased. Haplotype A1-B17 was significantly increased. Molecular subtyping revealed that A*030102 (11.25% vs. 4.34%; OR = 3.00; P = 0.07), B*5701 (11.25% vs. 1.08%; OR = 13.10; P = 0.003), Cw*120201 (25% vs. 4.34%; OR = 10.50; P = 2.05E-05), HLA DRB1*030101 (17.85% vs. 3.40%; OR = 7.6; P = 0.0001), DRB1*150101 (32.14% vs. 13.63%; OR = 4.8; P = 0.0003), and DQB1*060101 (35.71% vs. 29.34%; OR = 2.3; P = 0.004) were significantly increased in patients. A differential association was noticed when compared with reported world RSA patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HLA alleles A*030101, B*5701, Cw*120201, DRB1*030101, and DRB1*150101 as well as their associated ancestral haplotype may play a significant role in development of RSA in India.
authors: HLA Department, Institute of Immunohaematology, 13 Floor, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai - 400 012, Maharashtra, India.
authors: Shankarkumar
authors: S
authors: U
authors: Pawar
authors: P
authors: A
authors: Gaonkar
authors: G
authors: P
authors: Parasannavar
authors: P
authors: D
authors: Salvi
authors: S
authors: V
authors: Ghosh
authors: G
authors: K