title: Double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using a non-hardware suspension fixation technique and 8 strands of autogenous hamstring tendons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of double-bundle posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) reconstruction using a non-hardware suspension fixation technique and 8 strands of autogenous hamstring tendons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two cases of isolated chronic PCL rupture were reconstructed arthroscopically with 8 strands of autogenous hamstring tendons in a double-bundle and 4-tunnel manner. Quadruple-stranded semitendinosus tendon graft and quadruple-stranded gracilis tendon graft were used to reconstruct the anterolateral bundle and posteromedial bundle, respectively. The grafts were fixed by use of a non-hardware suspension fixation technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen patients were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. Before surgery, 15 patients had a 2+ posterior drawer test (PDT) and 4 patients had a 3+ PDT. At a minimum of 2 years after surgery, 17 patients (89.5%) had a negative PDT, 1 patient (5.3%) had a 1+ PDT, and 1 patient (5.3%) had a 2+ PDT. The mean KT-1000 examination results (MEDmetric, San Diego, CA) changed from 9.4 +/- 1.8 mm preoperatively to 1.0 +/- 1.0 mm postoperatively (P < .001). The stress radiography results changed from 10.6 +/- 2.0 mm preoperatively to 2.0 +/- 1.2 mm postoperatively (P < .001). According to the International Knee Documentation Committee knee examination form, the results were graded as normal in 15 patients (78.9%), nearly normal in 3 patients (15.8%), and abnormal in 1 patient (5.3%). The International Knee Documentation Committee subjective results increased from 65.6 +/- 5.1 to 92.1 +/- 3.7 (P < .001), and the Lysholm score increased from 63.5 +/- 4.9 to 92.5 +/- 4.1 (P < .001). The Tegner score was 5.1 before surgery and 6.3 at the last follow-up on average.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study showed that arthroscopic double-bundle PCL reconstruction by use of a non-hardware suspension suture fixation technique and 8 strands of autogenous hamstring tendons can yield normal results in 78.9% of patients and nearly normal results in 15.8% at a minimum of 2 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level IV, therapeutic case series.
authors: Department of Joint Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China. hebeichenbaicheng@163.com
authors: Baicheng
authors: B
authors: Chen
authors: Shijun
authors: S
authors: Gao
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016119:Posterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012421:Rupture / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D013710:Tendons / Q000637:transplantation*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome