Infections in patients with multiple myeloma.
Infectious diseases are the leading causes of death in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Major changes have occurred in the spectrum of infections paralleling the changes in the treatment of MM. Bacteria (particularly gram-negative organisms) are the most frequent etiologic agents, and invasive fungal infections caused by molds (Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp.) have been increasingly reported. New infections have emerged with an increase in the intensity of the treatment of MM. Management of infections in MM patients must include recognition of the likely pathogens. Specific strategies of diagnosis, prophylaxis, and empirical and specific therapy are based on host factors and probable pathogens.
Nucci
Marcio
M
University Hospital, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Anaissie
Elias
E
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D009181:Mycoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000009:adverse effects; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents