Induced pluripotent stem cells and embryonic stem cells are distinguished by gene expression signatures.
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) outwardly appear to be indistinguishable from embryonic stem cells (ESCs). A study of gene expression profiles of mouse and human ESCs and iPSCs suggests that, while iPSCs are quite similar to their embryonic counterparts, a recurrent gene expression signature appears in iPSCs regardless of their origin or the method by which they were generated. Upon extended culture, hiPSCs adopt a gene expression profile more similar to hESCs; however, they still retain a gene expression signature unique from hESCs that extends to miRNA expression. Genome-wide data suggested that the iPSC signature gene expression differences are due to differential promoter binding by the reprogramming factors. High-resolution array profiling demonstrated that there is no common specific subkaryotypic alteration that is required for reprogramming and that reprogramming does not lead to genomic instability. Together, these data suggest that iPSCs should be considered a unique subtype of pluripotent cell.
Chin
Mark H
MH
Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Mason
Mike J
MJ
Xie
Wei
W
Volinia
Stefano
S
Singer
Mike
M
Peterson
Cory
C
Ambartsumyan
Gayane
G
Aimiuwu
Otaren
O
Richter
Laura
L
Zhang
Jin
J
Khvorostov
Ivan
I
Ott
Vanessa
V
Grunstein
Michael
M
Lavon
Neta
N
Benvenisty
Nissim
N
Croce
Carlo M
CM
Clark
Amander T
AT
Baxter
Tim
T
Pyle
April D
AD
Teitell
Mike A
MA
Pelegrini
Matteo
M
Plath
Kathrin
K
Lowry
William E
WE
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D019175:DNA Methylation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
D006657:Histones; D035683:MicroRNAs