title: Involvement of nigrostriatal pathway in Japanese encephalitis with movement disorders: evidence from 99mTc-TRODAT-1 and 123I-IBZM SPECT imagings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate molecular evidence of nigrostriatal pathway involvement in Japanese encephalitis (JE) survivors with movement complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three JE patients were recruited. All had cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies with (99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 and (123)I-IBZM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cranial MRI revealed involvement of bilateral thalami, substantia nigra, and medial temporal lobes in all three patients, but only case 1 had additional bilateral basal ganglia involvement. The (99m)Tc-TRODAT-1 SPECT for presynaptic dopamine transporter imaging disclosed asymmetrical decreases in bilateral striatal uptake in all three patients. However, the (123)I-IBZM SPECT imaging for postsynaptic D2 dopamine receptors (D2Rs) revealed inconsistent abnormalities including asymmetrical bilateral decreases (case 1), unilateral decrease (case 2), and bilateral increases (case 3) in striatal uptakes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data have suggested that presynaptic dopaminergic neurons in JE patients are more susceptible to JE virus than postsynaptic striatal neurons. The degree of movement impairment was more closely correlated to the degree of D2Rs disruption seen in (123)I-IBZM SPECT imaging.
authors: Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Cheng-Kung Rd Section 2, Taipei, 114, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors: Chang-Hsu
authors: CH
authors: Liao
authors: Zaodung
authors: Z
authors: Ling
authors: Chung-Hsing
authors: CH
authors: Chou
authors: Wen-Sheng
authors: WS
authors: Huang
authors: Jong-Chyou
authors: JC
authors: Denq
authors: Jiann-Chyun
authors: JC
authors: Lin
authors: Cheng-Yu
authors: CY
authors: Chen
authors: Chia-Jung
authors: CJ
authors: Chang
authors: Giia-Sheun
authors: GS
authors: Peng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001549:Benzamides; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014326:Tropanes; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D014326:Tropanes; C104196:technetium Tc 99m TRODAT-1; C055743:3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamide