title: Effect of a warfarin adherence aid on anticoagulation control in an inner-city anticoagulation clinic population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Poor adherence to warfarin therapy is a major contributor to subtherapeutic anticoagulation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether use of a monthly medication organizer, filled at each clinic visit, improves anticoagulation control among warfarin-treated patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had a history of nonadherence to warfarin and were attending an inner-city anticoagulation clinic were enrolled in this prospective cohort study and provided with a 28-day medication organizer. Patients were instructed to bring their organizers and warfarin tablets to each anticoagulation clinic visit over the following 3 months. At each visit, the international normalized ratio (INR) was measured, warfarin adherence was assessed, and the organizer was filled with the prescribed warfarin regimen until the next scheduled visit. Data on warfarin adherence and INR values during the 3 months prior to enrollment were collected from medical records and compared with postenrollment data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen patients were enrolled and completed at least one postenrollment clinic visit. Adherence to warfarin therapy improved with use of the medication organizer (mean +/- SD preenrollment 55 +/- 25%, postenrollment 67 +/- 21%; p = 0.06). There was a significant decrease in the proportion of subtherapeutic INR values (60 +/- 25% to 35 +/- 29%; p = 0.04) and a significant improvement in the percent of time spent within the therapeutic INR range (32 +/- 22% to 56 +/- 28%; p = 0.03) after enrollment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of a monthly medication organizer significantly reduced the percent of subtherapeutic INR values and improved the time spent within the therapeutic anticoagulation range among previously nonadherent patients managed in an inner-city anticoagulation clinic.
authors: Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors: Beth
authors: B
authors: Nochowitz
authors: Nancy L
authors: NL
authors: Shapiro
authors: Edith A
authors: EA
authors: Nutescu
authors: Larisa H
authors: LH
authors: Cavallari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019934:International Normalized Ratio; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012646:Self Administration / Q000295:instrumentation; D014505:Urban Population; D014859:Warfarin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin