title: Revised Cardiac Risk Index (Lee) and perioperative cardiac events as predictors of long-term mortality in patients undergoing endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (Lee) is useful for stratification of patients by risk of both perioperative cardiac morbidity and long-term all-cause mortality in the setting of endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was designed as a retrospective review.
  
  
  METHODS
  It was conducted at a single academic medical institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analysis included 225 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms admitted to the authors' institution from 1999 to 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients underwent endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were collected from medical records, office charts, and physician quality-assurance databases. There were no in-hospital cardiac deaths. The major adverse cardiac event rate in the perioperative period was 6.2%. Long-term all-cause mortality was 23%. Univariate analysis showed that a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) (likelihood ratio [LR] = 8.7, p = 0.023), history of congestive heart failure (LR = 4, p = 0.042), and a Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) > or =3 (LR = 8.6, p = 0.004) were significant predictors for perioperative major adverse cardiac events. A history of CAD (LR = 10.7, p = 0.002), echocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction (LR = 8.5, p = 0.006), exercise tolerance of only 1 block (LR = 8.4, p = 0.005), RCRI > or =3 (LR = 5.6, p = 0.022), and perioperative cardiac events (LR = 15.9, p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with long-term all-cause mortality. Perioperative cardiac events remained highly significant in predicting long-term mortality within the RCRI > or =3 subgroup (LR = 6.1, p = 0.019).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study confirm that long-term mortality remains high after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The Lee index may be a useful tool for stratification of high-risk patients from both a short- and long-term perspective in the setting of endoluminal graft repair.
authors: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. sylvia.archan@medunigraz.at
authors: Sylvia
authors: S
authors: Archan
authors: Christopher R
authors: CR
authors: Roscher
authors: Ronald M
authors: RM
authors: Fairman
authors: Lee A
authors: LA
authors: Fleisher
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017130:Angioplasty / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis