title: Differences in the expression of histamine-related genes and proteins in normal human adrenal cortex and adrenocortical tumors.
abstract: Histamine is involved in the pathogenesis of several tumors; however, there are no data on its possible involvement in human adrenocortical tumorigenesis. The expression of genes and proteins involved in the biosynthesis (histidine decarboxylase, HDC), action (histamine receptors: HRH1-HRH4), and metabolism of histamine is largely unknown both in the normal human adrenal cortex and in adrenocortical tumors. In this study, we examined the expression of histamine-related genes and proteins and histamine content in normal adrenal cortex, benign adrenocortical adenomas, and malignant adrenocortical cancer (ACC). Fifteen normal adrenals and 43 tumors were studied. mRNA expression was examined by real time RT-PCR. Western-blotting and immunohistochemistry were used for the study of proteins. Tissue histamine content was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We found that all proteins involved in histamine biosynthesis and action are present both in the normal adrenal cortex and in the tumors studied. HDC expression and histamine content was highest in the normal tissues and lower in benign tumors, whereas it was significantly less in ACCs. HRH3 expression was significantly higher in ACC samples than in the other groups. Adrenocortical tumorigenesis might, thus, be characterized by reduced histamine biosynthesis; furthermore, different adrenocortical tumor subtypes may show unique histamine receptor expression profiles.
authors: 2nd Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1088 Budapest, Szentkirályi str. 46, Hungary.
authors: Peter M
authors: PM
authors: Szabó
authors: Zoltán
authors: Z
authors: Wiener
authors: Zsófia
authors: Z
authors: Tömböl
authors: Attila
authors: A
authors: Kovács
authors: Péter
authors: P
authors: Pócza
authors: János
authors: J
authors: Horányi
authors: Janina
authors: J
authors: Kulka
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Riesz
authors: Miklós
authors: M
authors: Tóth
authors: Attila
authors: A
authors: Patócs
authors: Rolf C
authors: RC
authors: Gaillard
authors: András
authors: A
authors: Falus
authors: Károly
authors: K
authors: Rácz
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Igaz
mesh_terms: D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018246:Adrenocortical Adenoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011968:Receptors, Histamine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018100:Receptors, Histamine H3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000074040:Receptors, Histamine H4
chemical_list: C418607:HRH4 protein, human; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011968:Receptors, Histamine; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2; D018100:Receptors, Histamine H3; D000074040:Receptors, Histamine H4; D006632:Histamine; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase