title: A physiological, time-motion, and technical comparison of youth water polo and Acquagoal.
abstract: The aims of this study were to provide a profile of young water polo players and to compare technical and tactical aspects, movement patterns, and cardiac loads of youth water polo and Acquagoal codes. Ten young (age 12.3 years, s = 0.6) male water polo players underwent anthropometric (stature, body mass, body mass index, chest circumference, hand breadth, and length), strength, and [Vdot]O(2max) evaluations. Friendly youth water polo and Acquagoal matches were arranged to evaluate heart rates and swimming patterns (horizontal and vertical, with and without the ball) of players, and technical and tactical aspects of matches (number of actions, passes, player involved in an action, lost possessions, shots, goals, and the origin and types of shot). Independent of code, matches imposed a high cardiac load on players. Vertical swimming occurred more frequently (P < 0.05) in Acquagoal (71%) than youth water polo (45%). Technical and tactical measures also differed (P < 0.05), with players performing more passes and shots inside the penalty area and showing a higher goal-to-shot ratio during youth water polo than during Acquagoal. These results indicate that youth water polo better resembles the swimming patterns of adult water polo and facilitates the technical and tactical aspects of play better than Acquagoal.
authors: Department of Human Movement and Sport Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome.
authors: Corrado
authors: C
authors: Lupo
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Tessitore
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Cortis
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Ammendolia
authors: Franceso
authors: F
authors: Figura
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Capranica
mesh_terms: D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D013996:Time and Motion Studies