Orexins/hypocretins and aminergic systems.
Orexin/hypocretin neurones in the posterior hypothalamus are mutually connected with noradrenergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic, histaminergic, and cholinergic neurone systems. They activate these targets by direct post-synaptic and indirect pre-synaptic mechanisms and in turn receive inhibitory feedback and excitatory feed forward control. With respect to behavioural state control, orexin/hypocretin neurones are conducting the orchestra of biogenic amines. This review highlights the role of these players in the control of energy administration, sleep-wake architecture, cortical activation, plasticity, and memory functions in health and disease.
Eriksson
K S
KS
Department of Neurophysiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Dusseldorf, Germany.
Sergeeva
O A
OA
Haas
H L
HL
Selbach
O
O
D000818:Animals; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004777:Environment; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D000068797:Orexins; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*
D001679:Biogenic Amines; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D000068797:Orexins