title: Aqueous accessibility to the transmembrane regions of subunit c of the Escherichia coli F1F0 ATP synthase.
abstract: Rotary catalysis in F(1)F(0) ATP synthase is powered by proton translocation through the membrane-embedded F(0) sector. Proton binding and release occur in the middle of the membrane at Asp-61 on transmembrane helix (TMH) 2 of subunit c. Previously the reactivity of Cys substituted into TMH2 revealed extensive aqueous access at the cytoplasmic side as probed with Ag(+) and other thiolate-directed reagents. The analysis of aqueous accessibility of membrane-embedded regions in subunit c was extended here to TMH1 and the periplasmic side of TMH2. The Ag(+) sensitivity of Cys substitutions was more limited on the periplasmic versus cytoplasmic side of TMH2. In TMH1, Ag(+) sensitivity was restricted to a pocket of four residues lying directly behind Asp-61. Aqueous accessibility was also probed using Cd(2+), a membrane-impermeant soft metal ion with properties similar to Ag(+). Cd(2+) inhibition was restricted to the I28C substitution in TMH1 and residues surrounding Asp-61 in TMH2. The overall pattern of inhibition, by all of the reagents tested, indicates highest accessibility on the cytoplasmic side of TMH2 and in a pocket of residues around Asp-61, including proximal residues in TMH1. Additionally subunit a was shown to mediate access to this region by the membrane-impermeant probe 2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl methanethiosulfonate. Based upon these results and other information, a pocket of aqueous accessible residues, bordered by the peripheral surface of TMH4 of subunit a, is proposed to extend from the cytoplasmic side of cTMH2 to Asp-61 in the center of the membrane.
authors: Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors: P Ryan
authors: PR
authors: Steed
authors: Robert H
authors: RH
authors: Fillingame
mesh_terms: D025243:Bacterial Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D011485:Protein Binding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D021122:Protein Subunits; D025243:Bacterial Proton-Translocating ATPases