A proteomic study on a human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 treated with diallyl trisulfide.
Garlic is generally used as a therapeutic reagent against various diseases, and numerous studies have indicated that garlic and its derivatives can reduce the risk of various types of human cancer. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a major member of garlic derivatives, could inhibit the cell proliferation by triggering either cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in a variety of cancer cell lines as shown in many studies. However, whether DATS has the same effect on human osteosarcoma cells remains unknown. In this study, we have attempted to analyze the effects of DATS on cell proliferation, cell cycle, induction of apoptosis, global protein expression pattern in a human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 cells, and the potential molecular mechanisms of the action of DATS. Saos-2 cells, a human osteosarcoma cell line, were treated with or without 25, 50, and 100 micromol/l DATS for various time intervals. The cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis were examined in this study. Then, after treatment with or without 50 micromol/l DATS for 48 h, protein add pattern in Saos-2 cells were systematically studied using two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. DATS could inhibit the proliferation of Saos-2 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Moreover, the percentage of apoptotic cell and cell arrest in G0/G1 phase was also dose-dependent and time-dependent upon DATS treatment. A total of 27 unique proteins in Saos-2 cells, including 18 downregulated proteins and nine upregulated proteins, were detected with significant changes in their expression levels corresponding to DATS administration. Interestingly, almost half of these proteins (13 of 27) are related to either the cell cycle or apoptosis. DATS has the ability to suppress cell proliferation of Saos-2 cells by blocking cell cycle progression and inducing apoptosis in a dose and time-dependent manner. The proteomic results presented, therefore, provide additional support to the hypothesis that DATS is a strong inducer of apoptosis in tumor cells. However, the exact molecular mechanisms, how these proteins significantly changed in the Saos-2 cell line upon DATS treatment, should be further studied.
Zhang
Yong Kui
YK
Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
Zhang
Xu Hua
XH
Li
Jian Min
JM
Sun
De Sheng
DS
Yang
Qiang
Q
Diao
Dong Mei
DM
D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
D000498:Allyl Compounds; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D011506:Proteins; D013440:Sulfides; C042577:diallyl trisulfide