title: Increased oxytocin concentrations and prosocial feelings in humans after ecstasy (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) administration.
abstract: MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or "ecstasy") is a recreationally used drug with remarkable and characteristic prosocial effects. In spite of abundant attention in the scientific literature, the mechanism of its prosocial effects has not been elucidated in humans. Recently, research in animals has suggested that the neuropeptide oxytocin may induce these effects. In a double blind, randomized, crossover, and placebo-controlled study in 15 healthy volunteers we assessed blood oxytocin and MDMA concentrations and subjective prosocial effects after oral administration of 100 mg MDMA or placebo. MDMA induced a robust increase of blood oxytocin concentrations and an increase of subjective prosocial feelings. Within subjects, the variations in these feelings were significantly and positively correlated with variation in oxytocin levels, and the correlations between these feelings and oxytocin were significantly stronger than those between these feelings and blood MDMA levels. MDMA induces oxytocin release in humans, which may be involved in the characteristic prosocial effects of ecstasy.
authors: Unit for Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, 966, PO Box 9101, Nijmegen NL-6500 HB, The Netherlands. G.J.H.Dumont@psy.umcn.nl
authors: G J H
authors: GJ
authors: Dumont
authors: F C G J
authors: FC
authors: Sweep
authors: R
authors: R
authors: van der Steen
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Hermsen
authors: A R T
authors: AR
authors: Donders
authors: D J
authors: DJ
authors: Touw
authors: J M A
authors: JM
authors: van Gerven
authors: J K
authors: JK
authors: Buitelaar
authors: R J
authors: RJ
authors: Verkes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004644:Emotions / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects*; D012919:Social Behavior; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006213:Hallucinogens; D010121:Oxytocin; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine