title: Hear all about it: nightly television news coverage of cervical cancer vaccination in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the content of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related vaccination information presented during nightly national television news broadcasts in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective content analysis of HPV vaccination coverage on 5 major nightly US television networks from 2002 to 2007. The Vanderbilt Television News Archive was searched for keywords "Gardasil," "cervical cancer vaccination," "human papillomavirus vaccine," and "HPV vaccination." Each television news broadcast was categorized as follows: segment length (in seconds), network (American Broadcasting Company, Columbia Broadcasting Company, National Broadcasting Company, Cable News Network, or Fox Broadcasting Company), year of broadcast (2002-2007), and (4) presentation type. Air dates were plotted on a timeline to depict trends and linkages to 5 seminal events surrounding the development, efficacy, and controversy regarding HPV vaccination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 6-year period, a total of 27 HPV-related vaccination news broadcasts aired. News broadcasts ranged from 10 to 250 seconds, lasting an average of close to 2 minutes (mean +/- SD, 127.0 +/- 66.1 seconds). Most broadcasts presented information pertaining to HPV and cervical cancer, information on vaccine labeling, impact of the vaccine, and raised issues or concerns about the vaccine. More than half (66.7%) of news broadcasts were directly related to 5 seminal events surrounding the development, efficacy, and controversy regarding HPV vaccination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All 5 networks included within the Vanderbilt Television News Archive aired HPV vaccination content, with National Broadcasting Company and Columbia Broadcasting Company broadcasting most of the news stories during this time period. As compared with other medical-related information presented on national nightly television news during this time period, HPV vaccination received a modest amount of coverage.
authors: Department of Family Medicine, University of Tennessee, Graduate School of Medicine, Knoxville, TN 37920, USA. lwallace@mc.utmck.edu
authors: Lorraine S
authors: LS
authors: Wallace
authors: Kevin A
authors: KA
authors: Ache
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013690:Television; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines