Inflammation, coagulation, and the pathway to frailty.
There are inevitable physiologic changes associated with advancing age, yet for some people these changes are exaggerated, and as a result a phenotype emerges recognized as "frailty." Why some people become frail and others do not remains incompletely understood. Although chronic illnesses are common among frail elderly persons, some will develop all of the phenotypic features without a diagnosed underlying disease. It has been recognized that certain proinflammatory cytokines and coagulation factors are elevated to a greater extent in those who are frail than in age-matched nonfrail individuals. In this review, we provide an overview of current research in the biology of frailty with particular emphasis on the role of inflammatory pathways and disordered coagulation in its pathogenesis.
Kanapuru
Bindu
B
Clinical Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Ershler
William B
WB
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000453:epidemiology; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors