Multivariate analysis of groundwater resources in Ganga-Yamuna basin (India).
Groundwater quality data on physico-chemical, bacteriological and heavy metal concentrations in three cities (Faridabad, Allahabad and Varanasi) in Ganga-Yamuna basin was subjected to multivariate analysis (MVA) using SPSS. The factors extracted showed high loading (> 0.3) of various parameters, such as Cl, conductivity, TDS, hardness, Na, Mg, and SO4, indicating contamination due to leaching of pollutants. Major manifest variable associated with these factors is the unorganized solid waste dumping practiced in all the cities. Bacterial contamination of hand pump samples in Allahabad is attributed to surface water-groundwater interaction. The factor with high loading of Ca and F is indicative of geological conditions of the region. Wells in Yamuna river sub-watershed exhibit less freshwater recharge, which is attributed to surface water pollution and sediment deposition in the river. Thus, the methodology for hydrogeological analysis is useful to identify critical water quality issues and possible sources of pollution in river basins.
Sargaonkar
Aabha P
AP
Environmental Systems Design and Modelling Division, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur-440 020, India. ap_sargaonkar@neeri.res.in
Gupta
Apurba
A
Devotta
Sukumar
S
D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D005843:Geography; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D007194:India; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply
D014873:Water Pollutants