title: Pretreatment quality of life is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted this pooled analysis to assess the prognostic value of pretreatment Quality of Life (QOL) assessments on overall survival (OS) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred twenty patients with advanced NSCLC (stages IIIB with pleural effusion and IV) from six North Central Cancer Treatment Group trials were included in this study. QOL assessments included the single-item Uniscale (355 patients), Lung Cancer Symptom Scale (217 patients), and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung (197 patients). QOL scores were transformed to a 0 to 100 scale with higher scores representing better status and categorized using the sample median or clinically deficient score (CDS, <or=50 versus >50). Cox proportional hazards models stratified by study were used to evaluate the prognostic importance of QOL on OS alone and in the presence of other prognostic factors such as performance status, age, gender, body mass index, and laboratory parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pretreatment QOL accessed by Uniscale was significantly associated with OS univariately (p < 0.0001). Uniscale (p < 0.0001; hazard ratio = 1.6 for the sample median and 2.0 for the CDS categorization) and body mass index were the only significant predictors of OS multivariately. The median survival of patients who had a Uniscale score less than or equal to the CDS (<or=50) was 5.7 versus 11.1 months for the >50 group; and 7.8 versus 13 months for the less than or equal to sample median (<or=83) group and >83 group, respectively. The Lung Cancer Symptom Scale and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung total scores were not significant predictors of OS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pretreatment QOL measured by Uniscale is a significant and an independent prognostic factor for OS, and QOL should be routinely integrated as a stratification factor in advanced NSCLC trials.
authors: Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. qi.yingwei@mayo.edu
authors: Yingwei
authors: Y
authors: Qi
authors: Steven E
authors: SE
authors: Schild
authors: Sumithra J
authors: SJ
authors: Mandrekar
authors: Angelina D
authors: AD
authors: Tan
authors: James E
authors: JE
authors: Krook
authors: Kendrith M
authors: KM
authors: Rowland
authors: Yolanda I
authors: YI
authors: Garces
authors: Gamini S
authors: GS
authors: Soori
authors: Alex A
authors: AA
authors: Adjei
authors: Jeff A
authors: JA
authors: Sloan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011788:Quality of Life
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins