title: Location of the beta 4 transmembrane helices in the BK potassium channel.
abstract: Large-conductance, voltage- and Ca(2+)-gated potassium (BK) channels control excitability in a number of cell types. BK channels are composed of alpha subunits, which contain the voltage-sensor domains and the Ca(2+)- sensor domains and form the pore, and often one of four types of beta subunits, which modulate the channel in a cell-specific manner. beta 4 is expressed in neurons throughout the brain. Deletion of beta 4 in mice causes temporal lobe epilepsy. Compared with channels composed of alpha alone, channels composed of alpha and beta 4 activate and deactivate more slowly. We inferred the locations of the two beta 4 transmembrane (TM) helices TM1 and TM2 relative to the seven alpha TM helices, S0-S6, from the extent of disulfide bond formation between cysteines substituted in the extracellular flanks of these TM helices. We found that beta 4 TM2 is close to alpha S0 and that beta 4 TM1 is close to both alpha S1 and S2. At least at their extracellular ends, TM1 and TM2 are not close to S3-S6. In six of eight of the most highly crosslinked cysteine pairs, four crosslinks from TM2 to S0 and one each from TM1 to S1 and S2 had small effects on the V(50) and on the rates of activation and deactivation. That disulfide crosslinking caused only small functional perturbations is consistent with the proximity of the extracellular ends of TM2 to S0 and of TM1 to S1 and to S2, in both the open and closed states.
authors: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors: Roland S
authors: RS
authors: Wu
authors: Neelesh
authors: N
authors: Chudasama
authors: Sergey I
authors: SI
authors: Zakharov
authors: Darshan
authors: D
authors: Doshi
authors: Howard
authors: H
authors: Motoike
authors: Guoxia
authors: G
authors: Liu
authors: Yongneng
authors: Y
authors: Yao
authors: Xiaowei
authors: X
authors: Niu
authors: Shi-Xian
authors: SX
authors: Deng
authors: Donald W
authors: DW
authors: Landry
authors: Arthur
authors: A
authors: Karlin
authors: Steven O
authors: SO
authors: Marx
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019921:Biotinylation / Q000379:methods; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D003545:Cysteine / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed / Q000379:methods; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs / Q000502:physiology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; D003545:Cysteine