title: Effect of repeated arthrocentesis on cytologic analysis of synovial fluid in dogs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Serial arthrocentesis and synovial fluid examination can be used to monitor treatment efficacy in immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA), but whether this procedure induces inflammation that interferes with test result interpretation is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the effect of repeated arthrocentesis on synovial fluid cytology in healthy dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine healthy client-owned dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study. Arthrocentesis was performed under sedation on 4 joints (both carpi, 1 tarsus, 1 stifle) on each dog every 3 weeks, a total of 4 times. Automated cell counts were done on stifle fluid, smears were made, and differential cell counts done on smears from all joints. Slides were evaluated microscopically for erythrocyte numbers, total nucleated cell count, differential cell count, and cell morphology. Data were analyzed by 2-way analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 144 synovial fluid samples were examined. Repeated arthrocentesis was not associated with increases in synovial fluid neutrophil numbers. Mild mononuclear inflammation was detected in 13 samples from 6 dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serial arthrocentesis at 3-week intervals can rarely be associated with mild mononuclear joint inflammation, but does not appear to induce neutrophilic inflammation, at least in healthy dogs, and can be useful to monitor treatment response in canine IMPA.
authors: Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors: R I M
authors: RI
authors: Berg
authors: J E
authors: JE
authors: Sykes
authors: P H
authors: PH
authors: Kass
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Vernau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology; D019152:Paracentesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000166:cytology*