Controlled delivery of antisense oligonucleotides: a brief review of current strategies.
Antisense therapy has been investigated extensively over the past two decades, either experimentally for gene functional research or clinically as therapeutic agents owing to the conceptual simplicity, ease of design and low cost. The concept of this therapeutic approach is promising because short antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) can be delivered into target cells for specific hybridisation with target mRNA, resulting in the inhibition of the expression of pathogenic genes. However, the efficient delivery of the ASO molecules into target cells remains challenging; this bottleneck together with several other technical hurdles need to be overcome before this approach becomes effective and widely adopted. A variety of vectors such as lipids, polymers, peptides and nanoparticles have been explored. This review outlines the recent advances of the non-viral ASO delivery strategies. Several recent scientific studies, including authors' contributions, have been selected to highlight the technical aspects of ASO delivery.
Zhao
Xiubo
X
University of Manchester, School of Physics and Astronomy, Biological Physics Group, Schuster Building, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. J.Lu@manchester.ac.uk
Pan
Fang
F
Holt
Cathy M
CM
Lewis
Andrew L
AL
Lu
Jian R
JR
D000818:Animals; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D018390:Gene Targeting / Q000379:methods; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D008055:Lipids; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D010455:Peptides; D011108:Polymers; D012333:RNA, Messenger