title: Peritoneal carcinomatosis of gastrointestinal origin: natural history and treatment options.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) is a challenging consequence of certain malignancies, associated with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Generally, PC has been treated similarly to metastatic cancers of the primary tumor, but associated with worse outcomes when compared to other sites of metastatic disease from the same primary tumor site. With supportive care alone, the median survival with PC is 3-6 months. More recently, a limited number of centers have reported success with cytoreductive surgery (CS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in a subset of patients with PC, resulting in improved survival compared with historical controls.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This paper outlines the natural history of PC, and surgical, chemotherapeutic, and combined modality treatment options, with a focus on PC of colorectal (CRC) and appendiceal origin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At this time, the 'standard' treatment for PC remains incompletely defined. As such, the optimal management strategies for both 'localized' and unresectable disease is unclear. CS + HIPEC is a promising treatment with a significant survival benefit of 10 months over systemic therapy alone demonstrated in a clinical trial of patients with CRC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Well-designed clinical trials need to continue to be offered to improve care and determine the optimal treatment strategies for PC.
authors: University of North Carolina, Division of Hematology/Oncology, 170 Manning Dr, CB 7305, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. bert_oneil@med.unc.edu
authors: Janine Marie
authors: JM
authors: Davies
authors: Bert
authors: B
authors: O'Neil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*