Galea-including forehead flap for lower one-third nasal reconstruction.
The first choice for internal mucosal restoration of the nose is a septal mucosal or vestibular local flap. The forehead flap, raised including the galeal layer, is an alternative option for large nasal defects. It can be used in any difficult situation in which septal or vestibular flaps are not adoptable, such as complete loss of lower one-third. The authors intend to describe the inclusion of galea in the traditional median forehead flap for nasal lining reconstruction. Thirteen patients treated with a forehead flap including galea for lower one-third nasal reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed. No complete flaps necrosis occurred. In 1 case, lining was lost due to infection. In 2 cases a moderate nostril stenosis was observed as late complication. The forehead flap with galea is a good option for large nasal full-thickness defects, involving the lower one-third.
Bruschi
Stefano
S
Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Marchesi
Simona Denise
SD
Boriani
Filippo
F
Kefalas
Nicola
N
Bocchiotti
Maria Alessandra
MA
Fraccalvieri
Marco
M
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005546:Forehead / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000637:transplantation; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps