title: Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion associated with hemophagocytic syndrome.
abstract: We reported a girl with HHV-6 infection associated with both acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion, and hemophagocytic syndrome. She had a prolonged convulsion after a one-day history of febrile illness. Cerebrospinal fluid or brain CT showed no abnormalities on admission and her consciousness was recovered on the next day. However, a prolonged seizure and deterioration of consciousness appeared on the sixth day of illness. Diffusion-weighted images revealed marked reduction of water diffusion in the bilateral frontal areas. HHV-6 infection was virologically proven by polymerase chain reaction. She was treated with gamma-globulin, steroid pulse therapy, and brain hypothermia. In addition, decrease in white blood cells and platelet counts, and elevation of liver enzymes and ferritin were noted on the fourth day of illness. Hemophagocytic macrophages were revealed by bone marrow aspiration on the sixth day. Her hematological and blood chemistry abnormalities recovered gradually after steroid pulse therapy. An elevation of interleukin-6, -8, and -10, and tumor necrosis factor in the serum and that of interleukin-4, -6, and-8 in the cerebrospinal fluid were observed at the onset of a late seizure. These facts suggested that hypercytokinemia will be related to the pathogenesis of acute encephalopathy of our patient.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Saitama, Japan.
authors: Rieko
authors: R
authors: Tadokoro
authors: Akihisa
authors: A
authors: Okumura
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Nakazawa
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Hara
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Yamakawa
authors: Ayako
authors: A
authors: Kamata
authors: Keiji
authors: K
authors: Kinoshita
authors: Kaoru
authors: K
authors: Obinata
authors: Toshiaki
authors: T
authors: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D051359:Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D012640:Seizures / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed