High-resolution, high-transmission soft x-ray spectrometer for the study of biological samples.
We present a variable line-space grating spectrometer for soft x-rays that covers the photon energy range between 130 and 650 eV. The optical design is based on the Hettrick-Underwood principle and tailored to synchrotron-based studies of radiation-sensitive biological samples. The spectrometer is able to record the entire spectral range in one shot, i.e., without any mechanical motion, at a resolving power of 1200 or better. Despite its slitless design, such a resolving power can be achieved for a source spot as large as (30 x 3000) microm2, which is important for keeping beam damage effects in radiation-sensitive samples low. The high spectrometer efficiency allows recording of comprehensive two-dimensional resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering (RIXS) maps with good statistics within several minutes. This is exemplarily demonstrated for a RIXS map of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite, which was taken within 10 min.
Fuchs
O
O
Universität Würzburg, Experimentelle Physik II, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
Weinhardt
L
L
Blum
M
M
Weigand
M
M
Umbach
E
E
Bär
M
M
Heske
C
C
Denlinger
J
J
Chuang
Y-D
YD
McKinney
W
W
Hussain
Z
Z
Gullikson
E
E
Jones
M
M
Batson
P
P
Nelles
B
B
Follath
R
R
D000465:Algorithms; D004867:Equipment Design; D017785:Photons; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014965:X-Rays