title: Clostridium clariflavum sp. nov. and Clostridium caenicola sp. nov., moderately thermophilic, cellulose-/cellobiose-digesting bacteria isolated from methanogenic sludge.
abstract: Two novel anaerobic, moderately thermophilic and cellulose-/cellobiose-digesting bacteria, EBR45(T) and EBR596(T), were isolated from anaerobic sludge of a cellulose-degrading methanogenic bioreactor. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these strains belonged to cluster III within the low-G+C-content Gram-positive bacteria. The close relatives of EBR45(T) were Clostridium straminisolvens DSM 16021(T) (sequence identity, 94.6 %) and Clostridium thermocellum DSM 1237(T) (93.4 %). The closest relative of EBR596(T) was Clostridium stercorarium DSM 8532(T) (95.9 %). Both isolates were rod-shaped sporulators, growing optimally at 60 degrees C. EBR45(T) was Gram-staining-reaction-variable and non-motile, formed bright-yellow colonies on solid media, and grew on a relatively narrow range of carbohydrates including cellulose and cellobiose. EBR596(T) was Gram-staining-reaction-negative and motile, formed glossy white colonies and grew on cellobiose and various carbohydrates except cellulose. Major fatty acid compositions were 16 : 0 iso, 16 : 0 and 16 : 0 dimethylacetal (strain EBR45(T)) and 15 : 0 iso, 16 : 0 iso, 15 : 0 anteiso and 17 : 0 anteiso (strain EBR596(T)). The DNA G+C contents were 36.9 mol% (EBR45(T)) and 51.1 mol% (EBR596(T)). Based on the phenotypic and phylogenetic data and genomic distinctiveness, strains EBR45(T) and EBR596(T) represent two novel species, for which the names Clostridium clariflavum sp. nov. (type strain EBR45(T) =DSM 19732(T) =NBRC 101661(T)) and Clostridium caenicola sp. nov. (type strain EBR596(T) =DSM 19027(T) =NBRC 102590(T)) are proposed.
authors: Life Science Research Center, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa 252-8510, Japan. siratori@brs.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors: Hatsumi
authors: H
authors: Shiratori
authors: Kinuyo
authors: K
authors: Sasaya
authors: Hitomi
authors: H
authors: Ohiwa
authors: Hironori
authors: H
authors: Ikeno
authors: Shohei
authors: S
authors: Ayame
authors: Naoaki
authors: N
authors: Kataoka
authors: Akiko
authors: A
authors: Miya
authors: Teruhiko
authors: T
authors: Beppu
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Ueda
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002475:Cellobiose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003013:Clostridium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D005838:Genotype; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012722:Sewage; D002475:Cellobiose; D002482:Cellulose; D008697:Methane