title: Gastroprotective and antioxidant effects of opipramol on indomethacin-induced ulcers in rats.
abstract: Tricyclic antidepressants are particularly useful in the treatment of endogenous depression. Since the 1950s, tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) have also been used for the treatment of gastric ulcer disease. Many TCAs have been evaluated for their antiulcer effects, but there are presently no data in the literature specifically concerning the antidepressant opipramol. This study aimed to investigate the antiulcer effects of opipramol and to determine its potential relationship with oxidant and antioxidant systems. The antiulcer activities of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg opipramol have been investigated on indomethacin-induced ulcers in rats. Compared with a control group (indomethacin alone), opipramol decreased indomethacin-induced ulcers significantly at all doses used (52%, 71% and 76% respectively). Opipramol also significantly increased the glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the stomach tissue, all of which were decreased in the control group given only indomethacin. All doses of opipramol also significantly decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and catalase (CAT) levels in stomach tissue compared to the control. In conclusion, the activation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms, as well as the inhibition of some toxic oxidant mechanisms, appear to play a role in the antiulcer effect of opipramol. This new indication for opipramol prompts a rethinking about the possible clinical application of opipramol, particularly for peptic ulcer patients also presenting depression.
authors: Ataturk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Erzurum, Turkey. hadursun@hotmail.com
authors: Hakan
authors: H
authors: Dursun
authors: Fatih
authors: F
authors: Albayrak
authors: Mehmet
authors: M
authors: Bilici
authors: Feride
authors: F
authors: Koc
authors: Hamit Hakan
authors: HH
authors: Alp
authors: Tuba
authors: T
authors: Candar
authors: Osman
authors: O
authors: Kukula
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007213:Indomethacin; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009888:Opipramol / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D000975:Antioxidants; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009888:Opipramol; D002374:Catalase; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D007213:Indomethacin