Chemical composition and cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic activities of the essential oil from Pipergaudichaudianum Kunth leaves.
We have investigated the chemical composition of Piper gaudichaudianum essential oil, as well as its cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic effects in V79 cells. The chemical analyses showed that the major compounds are (E)-nerolidol (22.4%), alpha-humulene (16.5%), (E)-caryophyllene (8.9%) and bicyclogermacrene (7.4%). Dose-dependent cytotoxic effects were observed in V79 cells treated with essential oil by using clonal survival, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide reduction assay (MTT) and trypan blue exclusion assay (TB), and a significant decrease in survival was observed at concentrations of 0.5 microg/mL and higher. The P. gaudichaudianum essential oil treatment caused DNA strand breaks in V79 cells at concentrations up to 2 microg/mL, as detected by the alkaline comet assay, but did not induce double-strand breaks, as verified by neutral comet assay. It induced a significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells at 4, 6 and 10 microg/mL. Moreover, P. gaudichaudianum essential oil significantly increased lipid peroxidation at doses of 0.5 microg/mL and higher, suggesting that the observed oxidant potential can be responsible, at least in part, for its cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.
Péres
V F
VF
Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brazil. valefp@hotmail.com
Moura
D J
DJ
Sperotto
A R M
AR
Damasceno
F C
FC
Caramão
E B
EB
Zini
C A
CA
Saffi
J
J
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D026321:Piperaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
D009153:Mutagens; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D008315:Malondialdehyde