Simultaneous monitoring technique for ASE and MPI noises in distributed Raman Amplified Systems.
We develop a new technique for simultaneously monitoring the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and multi-path interference (MPI) noises in distributed Raman amplified (DRA) systems. This technique utilizes the facts that the degree-of polarization (DOP) of the MPI noise is 1/9, while the ASE noise is unpolarized. The results show that the proposed technique can accurately monitor both of these noises regardless of the bit rates, modulation formats, and optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) levels of the signals.
Choi
H Y
HY
Jun
S B
SB
Shin
S K
SK
Chung
Y C
YC