title: Anticancer activity of rhamnoallosan against DU-145 cells is kinetically complementary to coexisting Polyphenolics in Psidium guajava budding leaves.
abstract: Psidium guajava L. is a valuable farm fruit plant having many medicinal uses. Previously its budding leaves (PE) were shown to contain huge amounts of soluble polyphenolics (SP) including (in mg/g) gallic acid (348), catechin (102), epicatechin (60), rutin (100), quercetin (102), and rutin (100) and to exhibit potent anticancer activity. However, reconstitution of these polyphenolics recovered only 40% of the original bioactivity, and the soluble carbohydrate (SC) portion in PE was suspected to contribute the remaining. PE contained a novel rhamnoallosan, which had a carbohydrate/protein (w/w) ratio = 29.06%/10.27% (=2.83, average molecular mass of 5029 kDa), characteristically evidencing a peptidoglycan, consisting of a composition (mole % ratio) of rhamnose/allose/arabinose/tallose/xylose/fucose/glucose/mannose/galactose = 36.05:24.24:8.76:7.95:7.37:5.90:3.69:3.19:2.85 and of amino acid (in wt %) glycine/leucine/proline/alanine/methionine/isoleucine/valine/histidine/tyrosine/phenylalanine/cysteine/aspartic acid/lysine/glutamic acid = 37.12:12.68:10.05:8.97:5.99:4.89:4.83:4.25:4.05:2.78:1.86:1.10:0.73:0.70. Kinetic analysis showed comparable apparent cell-killing rate coefficients (k(app)) to be 4.03 x 10(3) and 2.92 x 10(3) cells mg(-1) h(-1), respectively, by SP and SC, evidencing the complementary anti-DU-145 bioactivity in nature.
authors: Department of Urology, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Xin-Yi District, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
authors: Kuan-Chou
authors: KC
authors: Chen
authors: Chiu-Lan
authors: CL
authors: Hsieh
authors: Kuan-Dar
authors: KD
authors: Huang
authors: Yaw-Bee
authors: YB
authors: Ker
authors: Charng-Cherng
authors: CC
authors: Chyau
authors: Robert Y
authors: RY
authors: Peng
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms; D031647:Psidium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D005419:Flavonoids; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D011134:Polysaccharides