title: Efficacy of adalimumab in moderate-to-severe pediatric Crohn's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) antagonists has changed the therapeutic strategy for Crohn's disease (CD). Adalimumab (ADA), a fully human anti-TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody, is an effective therapy for patients with CD, both naive patients and those intolerant or refractory to Infliximab (IFX), a chimeric anti-TNF-alpha agent. However, the use of ADA is rarely reported in pediatric CD. We performed an open prospective evaluation of short- and long-term efficacy and safety of ADA in children with moderate-to-severe CD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 23 pediatric CD patients (9 naive and 14 intolerant or unresponsive to IFX) received ADA subcutaneously as a loading schedule at weeks 0 and 2, and at every other week (eow) during a 48-week maintenance phase. Loading and maintenance doses were 160/80 and 80 mg eow in 13 cases, 120/80 and 80 mg eow in 2, and 80/40 and 40 mg eow in 8 cases. The primary efficacy outcomes were clinical remission and response at different scheduled visits along the maintenance phase. At baseline, 13 patients also received immunomodulators (IMs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At weeks 2, 4, 12, 24, and 48, remission rates were 36.3, 60.8, 30.5, 50, and 65.2%, respectively, whereas response rates were 87, 88, 70, 86, and 91%, respectively. Four patients at week 24 and 2 at week 48 received IMs; the mean daily corticosteroid dose, disease activity index, C-reactive protein level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased significantly throughout the trial. No serious adverse events were recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADA can be an effective and safe biological agent for inducing and maintaining remission in children with moderate-to-severe CD, even in those with previous IFX therapy.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, University Hospital Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 324-00161, Italy.
authors: Franca
authors: F
authors: Viola
authors: Fortunata
authors: F
authors: Civitelli
authors: Giovanni
authors: G
authors: Di Nardo
authors: Maria Beatrice
authors: MB
authors: Barbato
authors: Osvaldo
authors: O
authors: Borrelli
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Oliva
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Conte
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Cucchiara
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab; D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012074:Remission Induction; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068879:Adalimumab