title: Monitoring energy intake: a hand-held personal digital assistant provides accuracy comparable to written records.
abstract: New approaches to assess energy intake (EI) may have advantages over traditional written methods, but validity of these emerging methodologies must be demonstrated. This exploratory study compared EI obtained using a hand-held personal digital assistant (PDA) and traditional written records with total energy expenditure measured by doubly labeled water (TEE(DLW)). Twenty-six volunteers (aged 23+/-4 years, body mass index [calculated as kg/m(2)] 24+/-2) participated in a randomized (either PDA or written record group) and matched (for sex, age, and body mass index) study for 7 consecutive days between June 2005 and April 2006 to record EI. Group comparisons were made with t and Mann-Whitney U tests. Bland-Altman plots were used to compare limits of agreement between methods. Volunteers remained weight stable during the study period (0.2+/-0.8 kg; P>0.05). Reported EI by written record and PDA were similar to TEE(DLW); 105% vs 92% of TEE(DLW), respectively (P>0.05). There was a significant relationship between reported EI by PDA and TEE(DLW) (r=0.60, P<0.05), but not for written record (r=0.45, P>0.05). Limits of agreement indicated both written record and PDA had large variability (range 1,394 to -1,472 kcal/day). Findings suggest the bias in using a PDA is similar to that observed when using a written record for estimation of EI in weight-stable volunteers.
authors: Military Nutrition Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA. holly.mcclung@amedd.army.mil
authors: Holly L
authors: HL
authors: McClung
authors: Lori D
authors: LD
authors: Sigrist
authors: Tracey J
authors: TJ
authors: Smith
authors: J Philip
authors: JP
authors: Karl
authors: Jennifer C
authors: JC
authors: Rood
authors: Andrew J
authors: AJ
authors: Young
authors: Gaston P
authors: GP
authors: Bathalon
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D034201:Computers, Handheld / Q000592:standards*; D003903:Deuterium; D015930:Diet Records; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012650:Self Disclosure; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D003903:Deuterium