title: Thresholds of toxicological concern for endocrine active substances in the aquatic environment.
abstract: The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) concept proposes that an exposure threshold value can be derived for chemicals, below which no significant risk to human health or the environment is expected. This concept goes further than setting acceptable exposure levels for individual chemicals, because it attempts to set a de minimis value for chemicals, including those of unknown toxicity, by taking the chemical's structure or mode of action (MOA) into consideration. This study examines the use of the TTC concern concept for endocrine active substances (EAS) with an estrogenic MOA. A case study formed the basis for a workshop of regulatory, industry and academic scientists held to discuss the use of the TTC in aquatic environmental risk assessment. The feasibility and acceptability, general advantages and disadvantages, and the specific issues that need to be considered when applying the TTC concept for EAS in risk assessment were addressed. Issues surrounding the statistical approaches used to derive TTCs were also discussed. This study presents discussion points and consensus findings of the workshop.
authors: wca environment limited, Brunel House, Volunteer Way, Faringdon, Oxfordshire SN7 7YR, United Kingdom.
authors: Melanie
authors: M
authors: Gross
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Daginnus
authors: Genevieve
authors: G
authors: Deviller
authors: Watze
authors: W
authors: de Wolf
authors: Stephen
authors: S
authors: Dungey
authors: Corrado
authors: C
authors: Galli
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Gourmelon
authors: Miriam
authors: M
authors: Jacobs
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Matthiessen
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Micheletti
authors: Earle
authors: E
authors: Nestmann
authors: Manuela
authors: M
authors: Pavan
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Paya-Perez
authors: Hans-Toni
authors: HT
authors: Ratte
authors: Bob
authors: B
authors: Safford
authors: Birgit
authors: B
authors: Sokull-Klüttgen
authors: Frauke
authors: F
authors: Stock
authors: Hans-Christian
authors: HC
authors: Stolzenberg
authors: James
authors: J
authors: Wheeler
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Willuhn
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Worth
authors: Jose Manuel Zaldivar
authors: JM
authors: Comenges
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Crane
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004782:Environmental Health; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000819:agonists; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical