title: Long-term safety and efficacy of ziprasidone in subpopulations of patients with bipolar mania.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of ziprasidone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects completing a 21-day placebo-controlled trial of ziprasidone in DSM-IV acute bipolar mania (N = 65) were enrolled in a 52-week open-label extension of flexibly dosed ziprasidone 40 to 160 mg/day, administered b.i.d. Three subjects had missing evaluations (N = 62) but still provided demographic data. Subpopulations with manic (N = 43) or mixed (N = 19) episodes, and with (N = 37) or without (N = 25) psychotic symptoms, were identified. Safety evaluations included adverse event monitoring, electrocardiography, and standard laboratory assessments. Efficacy measures included change from initial study baseline in Mania Rating Scale (MRS) and Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale (CGI-S) scores, as well as MRS responder rates (> or = 50% reduction from initial study baseline). The study was conducted from March 1998 to September 1999.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost all adverse events (98%) were mild to moderate in severity. The mean +/- SD reduction in MRS score at week 55 (last observation carried forward [LOCF]) was -23.5 +/- 1.5 (p <.0001) from a baseline of 29.4. CGI-S score decreased by 2.32 +/- 0.25 at week 55 (LOCF, p <.0001) from a baseline of 5.0. MRS and CGI-S reductions were comparable across the subpopulations. The overall MRS responder rate was 86%; subpopulation responder rates were 88% (manic), 79% (mixed), 84% (psychotic), and 88% (nonpsychotic). Long-term improvement within subpopulations was comparable to the overall study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sustained and comparable improvements in symptoms were seen with up to 55 weeks of ziprasidone treatment for patients initially treated for bipolar mania, regardless of whether the baseline episode was manic or mixed or involved psychotic symptoms.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0559, USA. keckpe@ucmail.uc.edu
authors: Paul E
authors: PE
authors: Keck
authors: Marcio
authors: M
authors: Versiani
authors: Lewis
authors: L
authors: Warrington
authors: Antony D
authors: AD
authors: Loebel
authors: R Lynn
authors: RL
authors: Horne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D013844:Thiazoles; C092292:ziprasidone