Development of a pedestrian walkability database of Northern Kentucky using Geographic Information Systems (GIS).
BACKGROUND
Rising obesity rates in the United States has spurred efforts by health advocates to encourage more active lifestyles including walking. Ensuring the availability, quality and safety of pedestrian walkways has become an important issue for government at all levels.


METHODS
Pedestrian paths in Campbell County Kentucky were evaluated using a ranking criteria developed by the Walking and Bicycling Suitability Assessment (WABSA) project at the University of North Carolina School of Public Health. A pedestrian path Geographic Information System (GIS) data-layer was created and mobile GIS units were used to assess the sidewalk segments using the ranking. Data from sidewalk surveys were compared with Census 2000 blockgroup information on age of housing, population density and household transportation characteristics to examine the correlation between these factors and sidewalk presence and quality. The analysis explored to use of census data to predict walkability factors and looked for trends in quality and availability of pedestrian paths over time.


RESULTS
Results showed higher overall scores for older urban areas adjacent to the Ohio River and Cincinnati. Housing built in the 1970s and 1980s showed the lowest scores while more recent housing showed improvement over earlier decades. Age of housing was determined to be a useful predictor while economic and population density attributes showed no correlation with walkability factors.


CONCLUSIONS
Census housing age data are the most useful predictor of walkability demonstrating clear trends over time. The study shows improvements in walkways availability over the past few decades. However infrastructure improvements are needed to provide more extensive pedestrian walkways and linkages between existing walkways in Campbell County.
Hansen
William
W
Department of Physical and Earth Sciences, Worcester State College, Worcester, MA, USA.
Kalapasev
Ned
N
Gillespie
Amy
A
Singler
Mary
M
Ball
Marsha
M
D019992:Databases as Topic; D004779:Environment Design; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D007629:Kentucky; D016138:Walking