title: Documentation and billing for services provided by midwives teaching obstetrics and gynecology residents and medical students.
abstract: Certified nurse-midwives are teaching obstetrics and gynecology residents and medical students in major academic institutions across the United States. In these instances, the ability to appropriately document services rendered to support a billable service is paramount. This article explains the difference in requirements for midwives' documentation when working with residents compared with documentation required of an attending obstetrician-gynecologist. It also reviews the teaching physician guidelines developed by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as well as current evaluation and management documentation requirements. Several examples of documentation are provided, as are suggestions for enhancement and simplification of the guidelines to include midwives. An important point to remember is that the CMS rules do not prohibit a certified nurse-midwife from teaching a resident.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-2519, USA. angela.wilson-liverman@vanderbilt.edu
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Wilson-Liverman
authors: Joan
authors: J
authors: Slager
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Wage
mesh_terms: D004282:Documentation / Q000191:economics; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000191:economics*; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006176:Gynecology / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000191:economics*; D008484:Medicaid; D006278:Medicare; D009721:Nurse Midwives / Q000191:economics*; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education*; D019555:Physician-Nurse Relations; D012051:Reimbursement Mechanisms / Q000191:economics*; D014481:United States