A paradigm shift: volume augmentation or 'inflation' to obtain optimal cosmetic results.
OBJECTIVE
In the last several years, surgeons have increasingly realized the importance of volume loss as a central mechanism of facial aging. New, innovative techniques incorporate volume augmentation, or inflation, to improve cosmetic outcomes.


RESULTS
Previous rejuvenative facial surgical techniques focused on the removal of excess, lax tissues. In addition to tissue laxity and descent, volume loss significantly contributes to the appearance of facial aging in most patients. Volume loss, or deflation, affects all facial layers, including the skin, deep soft tissue, and bone. A variety of new, innovative surgical and nonsurgical techniques specifically address volume deficiencies in the brow, periorbita, and midface. Volume augmentation directly counteracts volume loss, a key feature of facial aging, and offers surgeons a powerful tool to improve cosmetic results.


CONCLUSIONS
In addition to the excision or repositioning of lax or prolapsed tissues, surgeons must assess and treat facial volume loss to optimize cosmetic outcomes.
Lewis
Craig D
CD
Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Perry
Julian D
JD
D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D015626:Tissue Expansion / Q000379:methods*