Prostvac-VF: a vector-based vaccine targeting PSA in prostate cancer.
Prostvac is a prostate cancer vaccine regimen consisting of a recombinant vaccinia vector as a primary vaccination, followed by multiple booster vaccinations employing a recombinant fowlpox vector. Both vectors contain the transgenes for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and multiple T-cell co-stimulatory molecules (TRICOM). The PSA-TRICOM vaccines infect antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and generate proteins that are expressed on the surface of the APCs in an immune context. The interaction of these APCs with T cells initiates a targeted immune response and T cell-mediated tumor cell destruction. Preliminary clinical trials have indicated negligible toxicity, and Phase II trials have suggested a survival benefit after treatment with Prostvac, especially in patients with indolent disease characteristics. Preclinical and clinical data indicate that radiation, hormonal therapy, and chemotherapy may be combined with Prostvac to enhance the vaccine's efficacy. Additional strategies are in development to further enhance the clinical benefits of Prostvac, and a Phase III trial is being planned in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Madan
Ravi A
RA
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Center for Cancer Research, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Arlen
Philip M
PM
Mohebtash
Mahsa
M
Hodge
James W
JW
Gulley
James L
JL
D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D018390:Gene Targeting / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
D019496:Cancer Vaccines; C588274:PROSTVAC; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen