title: Transcatheter arterial embolization of arterial esophageal bleeding with the use of N-butyl cyanoacrylate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) for the treatment of arterial esophageal bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between August 2000 and April 2008, five patients diagnosed with arterial esophageal bleeding by conventional angiography, CT-angiography or endoscopy, underwent a TAE with NBCA. We mixed NBCA with iodized oil at ratios of 1:1 to 1:4 to supply radiopacity and achieve a proper polymerization time. After embolization, we evaluated the angiographic and clinical success, recurrent bleeding, and procedure-related complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bleeding esophageal artery directly originated from the aorta in four patients and from the left inferior phrenic artery in one patient. Although four patients had an underlying coagulopathy at the time of the TAE, angiographic and clinical success was achieved in all five patients. In addition, no procedure-related complications such as esophageal infarction were observed during this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NBCA can be an effective and feasible embolic agent in patients with active arterial esophageal bleeding, even with pre-existing coagulopathy.
authors: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Ji Hoon
authors: JH
authors: Park
authors: Hyo-Cheol
authors: HC
authors: Kim
authors: Jin Wook
authors: JW
authors: Chung
authors: Hwan Jun
authors: HJ
authors: Jae
authors: Jae Hyung
authors: JH
authors: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography; D001158:Arteries; D002404:Catheterization; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D004659:Enbucrilate