title: Non-surgical treatment of gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine: a case report on an elderly patient.
abstract: Drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) is a significant problem for periodontologists and this side effect is frequently associated with three particular drugs: phenytoin, cyclosporin A and nifedipine. A case report of gingival overgrowth induced by nifedipine in an elderly patient treated with non-surgical periodontal therapy is described. A 75-year-old male with generalised gingival overgrowth reported the problem of oral malodour and significant gingival bleeding. The medical history revealed a controlled hypertensive state and Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) 3 years prior to consultation. The diagnosis was gingival overgrowth associated with nifedipine, no other risk factors being identified. The patient had been taking nifedipine for 18 months, but after the consultation with the patient's doctor, nifedipine was suspended, as the hypertension was controlled. Treatment consisted of meticulous oral hygiene instruction, scaling, root surface instrumentation and prophylaxis. Six months after the first intervention, clinical parameters revealed a significant improvement with a considerable reduction in gingival overgrowth, demonstrating the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy in severe cases of gingival overgrowth. Non-surgical treatment of DIGO is a far less invasive technique than surgical approaches and has demonstrated an impressively positive treatment response. It should therefore be considered as a first treatment option for DIGO.
authors: Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.
authors: Bruna
authors: B
authors: de Carvalho Farias
authors: Paula Aguiar
authors: PA
authors: Cabral
authors: Estela Santos
authors: ES
authors: Gusmão
authors: Sílvia Regina
authors: SR
authors: Jamelli
authors: Renata
authors: R
authors: Cimões
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis; D012534:Dental Scaling; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy; D019214:Gingival Overgrowth / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D006209:Halitosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D016745:Root Planing; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009543:Nifedipine