Acellular and "low" pertussis vaccines: adverse events and the role of mutations.
OBJECTIVE
to discuss the current PAHO recommendation that does not support the substitution of traditional cellular DTP vaccine by acellular DTP, and the role of mutations, in humans, as the main cause of rare adverse events, such as epileptic-like convulsions, triggered by pertussis vaccine.
the main components related to toxic effects of cellular pertussis vaccines are the lipopolysaccharide of bacterial cell wall and pertussis toxin. The removal of part of lipopolysaccharide layer has allowed the creation of a safer cellular pertussis vaccine, with costs comparable to the traditional cellular vaccine, and which may be a substitute for the acellular vaccine.


CONCLUSIONS
The new methodology introduced by Instituto Butantan allows for the development of a new safer pertussis vaccine with low LPS content (Plow), and the use of the lipopolysaccharide obtained in the process in the production of monophosphoryl lipid A. This component has shown potent adjuvant effect when administered together with influenza inactivated vaccine, making possible to reduce the antigen dose, enhancing the production capacity and lowering costs.
Higashi
Hisako G
HG
Diretora da Divisão Bioindustrial, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil 1500, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. hisa@butantan.gov.br
Luna
Expedito
E
Precioso
Alexander R
AR
Vilela
Marluce
M
Kubrusly
Flávia S
FS
Dias
Waldely O
WO
Raw
Isaias
I
D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D022681:Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D009154:Mutation; D014944:World Health Organization
D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D022681:Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides