Antiproliferation and apoptosis induced by evodiamine in human colorectal carcinoma cells (COLO-205).
Evodiamine (1), a biologically active alkaloid isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa (known in Chinese as Wu-Chu-Yu), has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. It has recently been demonstrated that the cytotoxic activities of 1 might be due to its ability to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of 1 on growth and apoptosis in COLO-205 cells by MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, DNA fragmentation assay, flow cytometry, immunohistochemical analysis, Western blotting, and caspase-3 activity assay. Our data revealed that 1 could significantly inhibit COLO-205 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and 1-treated COLO-205 cells displayed typical morphological apoptotic characteristics and formation of DNA ladders in agarose gel electrophoresis. The COLO-205 cell cycle was arrested in G(2)/M phase by 1. Meanwhile, 1 increased the expression of Bax and p53, decreased the expression of Bcl-2, lowered the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and induced the activation of caspase-3. These activities may contribute to the anticarcinogenic action of 1.
Yang
Zhi-Gang
ZG
College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Huchenghuan Road 999, Lingang New City, Shanghai 201306, P. R. China. zgyang@shou.edu.cn
Chen
A-Qin
AQ
Liu
Bo
B
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D032086:Evodia / Q000737:chemistry; D016195:G2 Phase; D006801:Humans; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011799:Quinazolines; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C049639:evodiamine; D053148:Caspase 3