Improved detection of chromosomal abnormalities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by conventional cytogenetics using CpG oligonucleotide and interleukin-2 stimulation: A Belgian multicentric study.
We performed a multicentric study to assess the impact of two different culture procedures on the detection of chromosomal abnormalities in 217 consecutive unselected cases with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) referred for routine analysis either at the time of diagnosis (n = 172) or during disease evolution (n = 45). Parallel cultures of peripheral blood or bone marrow were set up with the addition of either the conventional B-cell mitogen 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or a combination of CpG oligonucleotide (CpG) and interleukin-2 (IL-2). Cytogenetic analyses were performed on both cultures. Clonal abnormalities were identified in 116 cases (53%). In 78 cases (36%), the aberrant clone was detected in both cultures. Among these, the percentages of aberrant metaphases were similar in both conditions in 17 cases, higher in the CpG/IL-2 culture in 43 cases, and higher in the TPA culture in 18 cases. Clonal aberrations were detected in only one culture, either in CpG/IL-2 or TPA in 33 (15%) and 5 (2%) cases, respectively. Taken together, abnormal karyotypes were observed in 51% with CpG/IL-2 and 38% with TPA (P < 0.0001). Application of FISH (n = 201) allowed the detection of abnormalities not visible by conventional cytogenetic analysis in 80 cases: del(13q) (n = 71), del(11q) (n = 5), +12 (n = 2), del(14q) (n = 1), and del(17p) (n = 1). In conclusion, our results confirm that CpG/IL-2 stimulation increases the detection rate of chromosomal abnormalities in CLL compared with TPA and that further improvement can be obtained by FISH. However, neither conventional cytogenetics nor FISH detected all aberrations, demonstrating the complementary nature of these techniques.
Put
Natalie
N
Centrum voor Menselijke Erfelijkheid, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Konings
Peter
P
Rack
Katrina
K
Jamar
Mauricette
M
Van Roy
Nadine
N
Libouton
Jeanne-Marie
JM
Vannuffel
Pascal
P
Sartenaer
Daniel
D
Ameye
Geneviève
G
Speleman
Frank
F
Herens
Christian
C
Poirel
Hélène A
HA
Moreau
Yves
Y
Hagemeijer
Anne
A
Vandenberghe
Peter
P
Michaux
Lucienne
L
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D003582:Cytogenetics / Q000379:methods*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007621:Karyotyping / Q000379:methods; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D007376:Interleukin-2; D009841:Oligonucleotides