title: (Homo)glutathione depletion modulates host gene expression during the symbiotic interaction between Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti.
abstract: Under nitrogen-limiting conditions, legumes interact with symbiotic rhizobia to produce nitrogen-fixing root nodules. We have previously shown that glutathione and homoglutathione [(h)GSH] deficiencies impaired Medicago truncatula symbiosis efficiency, showing the importance of the low M(r) thiols during the nodulation process in the model legume M. truncatula. In this study, the plant transcriptomic response to Sinorhizobium meliloti infection under (h)GSH depletion was investigated using cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis. Among 6,149 expression tags monitored, 181 genes displayed significant differential expression between inoculated control and inoculated (h)GSH depleted roots. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the changes in mRNA levels. This transcriptomic analysis shows a down-regulation of genes involved in meristem formation and a modulation of the expression of stress-related genes in (h)GSH-depleted plants. Promoter-beta-glucuronidase histochemical analysis showed that the putative MtPIP2 aquaporin might be up-regulated during nodule meristem formation and that this up-regulation is inhibited under (h)GSH depletion. (h)GSH depletion enhances the expression of salicylic acid (SA)-regulated genes after S. meliloti infection and the expression of SA-regulated genes after exogenous SA treatment. Modification of water transport and SA signaling pathway observed under (h)GSH deficiency contribute to explain how (h)GSH depletion alters the proper development of the symbiotic interaction.
authors: Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 1301, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6243, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, 06903 Sophia Antipolis cedex, France.
authors: Chiara
authors: C
authors: Pucciariello
authors: Gilles
authors: G
authors: Innocenti
authors: Willem
authors: W
authors: Van de Velde
authors: Annie
authors: A
authors: Lambert
authors: Julie
authors: J
authors: Hopkins
authors: Mathilde
authors: M
authors: Clément
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Ponchet
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Pauly
authors: Sofie
authors: S
authors: Goormachtig
authors: Marcelle
authors: M
authors: Holsters
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Puppo
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Frendo
mesh_terms: D054458:Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D046913:Medicago truncatula / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D055170:Plant Root Nodulation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016962:Sinorhizobium meliloti / Q000502:physiology*; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018749:RNA, Plant; C402172:homoglutathione; D005978:Glutathione