title: [Botulinum toxin therapy for focal dystonia].
abstract: Dystonia is a syndrome characterized by sustained muscle contraction. It is frequently causing twisting and repetitive movements, or leading to development abnormal postures. The management of the disease is usually consists of medication, surgical interventions, botulinum toxin injection, or other complementary methods. The authors have been using the botulinum toxin treatment since 1991.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of the study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the botulinum toxin injection, in patients with focal dystonia and hemifacial spasm.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 94 patients diagnosed with cervical dystonia (n=33), blepharospasm (n=32), or hemifacial spasm (n=29) were treated. The mean age of the patients was 62.4 years, and the mean duration of the therapy was 6.8 years. The medication took place with local injection of botulinum toxin type A. The efficacy of the treatment was assessed with Patient Global Impression scale. The authors also evaluated the side effects and complications of the therapy, as well as the causes of the treatment discontinuation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The botulinum toxin treatment was effective in 92% of the patients. It is a great importance that the therapy resulted significantly improvement in 56% of the patients. There was no significant difference neither among the types of the dystonia (cervical dystonia 87%, blepharospasm 93%, and hemifacial spasm 96%), nor among the medications (Botox 92%, Dysport 92%) in point of efficacy. Temporary weakness occurred only at 6 patients. There was neither serious side effect, nor complication related to the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors can conclude that the botulinum toxin injection is effective and safe therapy, in the patients with cervical dystonia, blepharospasm, and hemifacial spasm.
authors: Vas Megyei Markusovszky Kórház Nonprofit Zrt. Neurológiai Osztály Szombathely Markusovszky utca 3. 9700. hahnkati@freemail.hu
authors: Katalin
authors: K
authors: Hahn
authors: Erzsébet
authors: E
authors: Niklai
authors: Ferenc
authors: F
authors: Garzuly
authors: Zoltán
authors: Z
authors: Szupera
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000188:drug therapy; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014103:Torticollis / Q000188:drug therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A