title: Prolonged analgesic effect of PLGA-encapsulated bee venom on formalin-induced pain in rats.
abstract: To enhance the medicinal activity of bee venom (BV) acupuncture, bee venom was loaded into biodegradable poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (BV-PLGA-NPs) by a water-in-oil-in-water-emulsion/solvent-evaporation technique. Rat formalin tests were performed after subcutaneous injection of BV-PLGA-NPs to the Zusanli acupuncture point (ST36) at 0.5, 1, 2, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h before plantar injection of 2% formalin. BV-PLGA-NPs treatment showed comparable analgesic activity to typical BV acupuncture during the late phase, compared with saline-treated controls, and the analgesic effect lasted for 12h. PLGA-encapsulation was also effective in alleviating the edema induced by allergens in bee venom. These results indicate that PLGA-encapsulation provided a more prolonged effect of BV acupuncture treatment, while maintaining a comparable therapeutic effect.
authors: Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors: Injae
authors: I
authors: Jeong
authors: Beom-Soo
authors: BS
authors: Kim
authors: Hyejung
authors: H
authors: Lee
authors: Kang-Min
authors: KM
authors: Lee
authors: Insop
authors: I
authors: Shim
authors: Sung-Keel
authors: SK
authors: Kang
authors: Chang-Shick
authors: CS
authors: Yin
authors: Dae-Hyun
authors: DH
authors: Hahm
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000818:Animals; D001514:Bee Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010316:Particle Size; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D001514:Bee Venoms; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid