title: Improving adjunctive pharmacotherapy for primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: beyond the HORIZONS-AMI trial.
abstract: Patients who present with acute coronary syndromes, particularly ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), have abnormalities in platelet size and function that predispose to thrombotic events. Both preprocedural platelet reactivity and mean platelet volume are directly correlated with the occurrence of adverse ischemic events and impaired microvascular reperfusion following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for STEMI. The Harmonizing Outcomes with Revascularization and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction (HORIZONS-AMI) trial demonstrated a similar ischemic event rate to 30 days with a significantly lower bleeding event rate (enhanced net clinical benefit) in favor of bivalirudin monotherapy (with provisional platelet glycoprotein [GP] IIb/IIIa receptor blockade) in comparison with unfractionated heparin plus GP IIb/IIIa blockade in patients undergoing primary PCI for STEMI. The bivalirudin monotherapy was associated with a highly significant greater incidence of acute stent thrombosis. This observation provides the opportunity for strategies that enhance periprocedural platelet inhibition to reduce stent thrombosis and to potentially improve the safety and efficacy of periprocedural adjunctive pharmacotherapy above that achieved by bivalirudin monotherapy alone.
authors: The Christ Hospital Heart and Vascular Center/The Carl and Edyth Lindner Center for Research and Education, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors: Dean J
authors: DJ
authors: Kereiakes
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006629:Hirudins; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000068799:Prasugrel Hydrochloride; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D006629:Hirudins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010879:Piperazines; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013876:Thiophenes; D006493:Heparin; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D000068799:Prasugrel Hydrochloride; D013988:Ticlopidine; C074619:bivalirudin