title: [Ultrasonographic evaluation of tongue movement during swallowing in severe skeletal Class III malocclusion in adult patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the tongue movement during swallowing in skeletal Class III adult patients using M-mode ultrasonography combined with cushion scanning technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tongue movement during swallowing in 20 skeletal Class III adult patients (11 females, 9 males, mean age 20.5 years) and 11 healthy adults (8 females, 3 males, mean age 23.5 years) was examined with M-mode ultrasonography combined with cushion scanning technique. The results were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with mature swallowed, the skeletal Class III adult patients had longer phase 2 [(0.24 +/- 0.07) s], phase 3 [(1.17 +/- 0.21) s], longer total duration [(1.98 +/- 0.24) s], faster speed in phase 1 [(3.20 +/- 1.30) mm/s], and smaller range in phase 5 [(0.38 +/- 0.28) mm].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The skeletal Class III adult patients had distinctly different tongue movements during swallowing.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100050, China.
authors: Mei
authors: M
authors: Xue
authors: Xiao-Hui
authors: XH
authors: Gao
authors: Xuan-Nai
authors: XN
authors: Pang
authors: Yu-Xing
authors: YX
authors: Bai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003679:Deglutition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014059:Tongue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult