Exercise attenuates the clinical, synaptic and dendritic abnormalities of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Voluntary exercise is beneficial in models of primarily neurodegenerative disorders. Whether exercise also affects inflammatory neurodegeneration is unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the clinical, synaptic and neuropathological effects of voluntary wheel running in mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis. Exercising EAE mice exhibited less severe neurological deficits compared to control EAE animals. The sensitivity of striatal GABA synapses to the stimulation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors was dramatically downregulated following EAE induction, and was rescued by exercise in EAE mice with access to a running wheel. Finally, we found that exercise was able to contrast dendritic spine loss induced by EAE in striatal neurons, although the degree of inflammatory response was similar in the two experimental groups. Our work suggests that life style and experiences can impact the clinical course of inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases by affecting their synaptic bases.
Rossi
Silvia
S
Clinica Neurologica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
Furlan
Roberto
R
De Chiara
Valentina
V
Musella
Alessandra
A
Lo Giudice
Temistocle
T
Mataluni
Giorgia
G
Cavasinni
Francesca
F
Cantarella
Cristina
C
Bernardi
Giorgio
G
Muzio
Luca
L
Martorana
Alessandro
A
Martino
Gianvito
G
Centonze
Diego
D
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000473:pathology; D003712:Dendrites / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006023:Glycoproteins; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D016622:Silver Staining / Q000379:methods; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D055366:Synaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
D015703:Antigens, CD; D006023:Glycoproteins; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C445081:myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (35-55); D018698:Glutamic Acid; D013759:Dronabinol; C062018:HU 211