title: Molecular identification of coliform bacteria from colicky breastfed infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the presence of intestinal coliform bacteria in colicky vs healthy infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  We isolated coliform strains from faeces and performed quantitative bacterial cultures in 41 colicky and 39 healthy breastfed infants, identified using PCR with species-specific primers, strain-specific Automated Ribotyping and the API-50E kit for Enterobacteriaceae to identify the most frequent strains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coliform strains were more abundant in colicky infants (median 6.04 log(10) CFU/g faeces, range 2.00-8.76) vs controls (median 4.47 log(10) CFU/g faeces, range 1.00-8.08) (p = 0.026). Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, E. aerogenes and Enterococcus faecalis were the predominant species in colicky and healthy infants. The counts of each bacterial species differed between the two groups, and the difference was significant (p = 0.002) for E. coli: median 6.30 log(10) CFU/g faeces (range 3.00-8.74) in colicky infants, and median 4.70 log(10) CFU/g faeces (range 2.00-5.85) in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to evaluate the colonization patterns of gas-forming coliforms in colicky infants and healthy controls identified by molecular methods. Coliform bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli, were found to be more abundant in colicky infants. Our data could help to shed light on the cause of infantile colic.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Regina Margherita Children Hospital, University of Turin, Torino, Italy. francesco.savino@unito.it
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Savino
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Cordisco
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Tarasco
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Calabrese
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Palumeri
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Matteuzzi
mesh_terms: D001942:Breast Feeding; D003085:Colic / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012703:Serotyping; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires