title: Topical anti-inflammatory effect of tirucallol, a triterpene isolated from Euphorbia lactea latex.
abstract: Latex from Euphorbia lactea (Euphorbiaceae), a native Dominican medicinal plant, is claimed to be useful in the treatment of inflammation. Topical application of tirucallol, a tetracyclic triterpene isolated from Euphorbia lacteal latex, suppressed ear edema in the mouse model in a dose-dependent manner, as well as affecting the influx of polymorphonuclear cells in response to topical application of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-acetate (TPA) in the mouse ear. In addition, the effect of tirucallol, on some macrophage functions was analyzed in vitro. Non-toxic concentrations of tirucallol potently inhibited nitrite production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Western blot analysis showed that nitric oxide reduction was a consequence of the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthetase expression although tirucallol slightly affected to prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) generation. The results of the study revealed that tirucallol (0.3%), present in Euphorbia lactea latex, exerts a topical anti-inflammatory effect in vivo, via a mechanism of action related to the neutrophil migration. On the other hand, it can be deduced that the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity of this triterpene is related to the control of the production of NO and its effect on the expression of iNOS.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Spain. yangzaichang@126.com
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Fernandez-Arche
authors: M T
authors: MT
authors: Saenz
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Arroyo
authors: R
authors: R
authors: de la Puerta
authors: M D
authors: MD
authors: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry*; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D007810:Lanosterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007840:Latex; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009573:Nitrites / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007840:Latex; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D010936:Plant Extracts; C549831:lanostan-8,24-dien-3-ol; D007810:Lanosterol; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D015232:Dinoprostone; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate