title: Biomechanical evaluation of distal biceps reconstruction with cortical button and interference screw fixation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tension slide repair maintains the strength of the standard cortical button repair but reduces gap formation at the repair. Distal biceps tendon repair with a suspensory cortical button has yielded the strongest published repair, despite observed gap formation and tendon pistoning. The tension slide technique (TST) was described to reduce gap formation while maintaining the strength of cortical button repair. This study evaluates the biomechanics of the TST compared with previously described EndoButton (Smith & Nephew, Memphis, TN) repair and the TST with and without an interference screw.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used 20 matched specimens: 5 had a standard cortical button repair, and 5 had biceps repair with the TST. An additional 10 specimens underwent a TST, 5 with an interference screw and 5 without. All were cyclically loaded for 3600 cycles. Gap formation and load to failure were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (SD) load to failure for standard technique was at 389 (148) N vs 432 (66) N for the TST (P = .28). The mean (SD) gap formation was 2.79 (1.43) mm with the standard repair and 1.26 (0.61) mm with the TST (P = .03). The mean (SD) load to failure with TST repair was 436 (103) N without the interference screw and 439 (94) N (P = 0.48) with the screw. The mean gap formation was 1.63 (1.09) mm without the screw and 1.45 (0.67) mm with the screw (P = .38.)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This TST maintains the strength of the standard cortical button repair, but significantly reduces gap formation and motion at the repair site.
  
  
  METHODS
  Basic science study.
authors: Orthopaedic and Neurosurgery Specialists, The ONS Foundation for Clinical Research and Education, Greenwich, CT 06830, USA. sethi@onsmd.com
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Sethi
authors: Elifho
authors: E
authors: Obopilwe
authors: Lina
authors: L
authors: Rincon
authors: Seth
authors: S
authors: Miller
authors: Augustus
authors: A
authors: Mazzocca
mesh_terms: D001132:Arm; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D033081:Shear Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D053831:Surgical Fixation Devices; D053441:Suture Anchors; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery