title: Oral paricalcitol in the treatment of patients with CKD and proteinuria: a randomized trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin D has key roles in regulating systems that could be important in the pathobiological state of proteinuria. Because of this, it could be helpful in treating patients with proteinuric renal diseases. The objective is to determine the effect of oral paricalcitol on protein excretion in patients with proteinuric chronic kidney disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Double-blind randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  61 patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate of 15 to 90 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and protein excretion greater than 400 mg/24 h.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomization to 6 months of treatment with paricalcitol, 1 mug/d, or placebo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The predefined primary end point was to compare change in mean spot urinary protein-creatinine ratio between the baseline measurement and the last study evaluation (6 months in study completers) between the 2 groups. Every 4 weeks, there was measurement of serum intact parathyroid hormone, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum creatinine, and urine spot protein and creatinine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, mean urinary protein-creatinine ratios were 2.6 and 2.8 g/g in the placebo and paricalcitol groups, respectively. At final evaluation, mean ratios were 2.7 and 2.3, respectively. Changes in protein excretion from baseline to last evaluation were +2.9% for controls and -17.6% for the paricalcitol group (P = 0.04). A 10% decrease in proteinuria occurred in controls (7 of 27; 25.9%) and the paricalcitol group (16 of 28; 57.1%; P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relatively small sample size limits the extent to which results should be generalized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Paricalcitol resulted in a significant reduction in protein excretion in patients with proteinuric renal disease.
authors: Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, NY, USA. sfishbane@metrorenal.com
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Fishbane
authors: Harini
authors: H
authors: Chittineni
authors: Michal
authors: M
authors: Packman
authors: Paula
authors: P
authors: Dutka
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Ali
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Durie
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004872:Ergocalciferols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018401:Sample Size; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004872:Ergocalciferols; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010758:Phosphorus; C084656:paricalcitol; D003404:Creatinine; D002118:Calcium