title: Soluble fiber viscosity affects both goblet cell number and small intestine mucin secretion in rats.
abstract: We examined the role of soluble fiber viscosity in small intestinal mucin secretion. Viscosities were defined as the area under the viscosity curve (VAUC). Rats were fed a control diet or diets containing konjac mannan (KM) [low, medium, or high molecular weight (LKM, MKM, HKM), respectively] at 50 g/kg diet for 10 d. Luminal mucin content and goblet cell number increased in proportion to the molecular weight of KM. Such effects with the HKM diet were nullified by the concurrent ingestion of 2 g cellulase/kg diet. Diet containing LKM, MKM, HKM, guar gums (high or low molecular weight; HGG, LGG), psyllium (PS), or pectin (PC) at 50 g/kg was fed to rats. Fibers with higher VAUC (MKM, HKM, HGG, and PS) increased goblet cell numbers, but not those with lower VAUC (LKM, LGG, and PC). Luminal mucins were greater in rats fed HKM, PC, and PS diets. Goblet cell numbers and VAUC were correlated (r = 0.98; P < 0.01). In rats fed the HKM diet, ileal Muc2 gene expression was not affected, but that of Muc3 was lower than in those fed the control diet, indicating that the increase in luminal mucins after ingestion of HKM diet occurred independently of enhanced Muc gene expression. An incorporation study of 5'-bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) showed the position of the uppermost-BrdU labeled cell along the villi was higher in rats fed the HKM diet than in those fed the control diet. The results suggest that soluble fibers, except PC, upregulate baseline secretion of luminal mucins by increasing goblet cell numbers in proportion to fiber VAUC.
authors: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Ito
authors: Mitsuru
authors: M
authors: Satsukawa
authors: Eiko
authors: E
authors: Arai
authors: Kimio
authors: K
authors: Sugiyama
authors: Kei
authors: K
authors: Sonoyama
authors: Shuhachi
authors: S
authors: Kiriyama
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Morita
mesh_terms: D031056:Amorphophallus; D000818:Animals; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002480:Cellulase / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D005685:Galactans / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000494:pharmacology; D055263:Mucin-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009077:Mucins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010368:Pectins / Q000494:pharmacology; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000494:pharmacology; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D011620:Psyllium / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012995:Solubility; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D055263:Mucin-3; D009077:Mucins; D053149:Plant Gums; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011620:Psyllium; D010368:Pectins; C007894:guar gum; D002480:Cellulase; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine