Does the form or the amount of exposure make a difference in the cognitive-behavioral therapy treatment of social phobia?
Exposure is considered to be an essential ingredient of cognitive-behavioral therapy treatment of social phobia and of most anxiety disorders. To assess the impact of the amount of exposure on outcome, 30 social phobic patients were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 group treatments of 8 weekly sessions: Self-Focused Exposure Therapy which is based essentially on prolonged exposure to public speaking combined with positive feedback or a more standard cognitive and behavioral method encompassing psychoeducation, cognitive work, working through exposure hierarchies of feared situations for exposure within and outside the group. The results show that the 2 methods led to significant and equivalent symptomatic improvements which were maintained at 1-year follow-up. There was a more rapid and initially more pronounced decrease in negative cognitions with the Self-Focused Exposure Therapy, which included no formal cognitive work, than with the more standard approach in which approximately a third of the content was cognitive. In contrast, decrease in social avoidance was more persistent with standard cognitive-behavior therapy which involved less exposure. The results indicate that positive cognitive change can be achieved more rapidly with non cognitive methods while avoidance decreases more reliably with a standard approach rather than an approach with an exclusive focus on exposure.
Borgeat
François
F
Department of Psychiatry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. francois.borgeat@umontreal.ca
Stankovic
Miroslava
M
Khazaal
Yasser
Y
Rouget
Beatrice Weber
BW
Baumann
Marie-Claude
MC
Riquier
Françoise
F
O'Connor
Kieron
K
Jermann
Françoise
F
Zullino
Daniele
D
Bondolfi
Guido
G
D000328:Adult; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007171:Implosive Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods; D013060:Speech; D016896:Treatment Outcome