title: Improving the identification of High Frequency Oscillations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High Frequency Oscillations (HFOs), including Ripples (80-250Hz) and Fast Ripples (250-500Hz), can be recorded from intracranial macroelectrodes in patients with intractable epilepsy. We implemented a procedure to establish the duration for which a stable measurement of rate of HFOs is achieved.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine concordance, Kappa coefficient was computed. The information gained when increasing the duration was analyzed in terms of HFO rates and ranking of channels with respect to HFO and spike rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a group of 30 patients, Kappa was 0.7 for ripples, 0.7 for fast ripples and 0.67 for spikes. Five minutes provided the same information as 10min in terms of rates in 9/10 patients and with respect to ranking of channels in 8/10 patients; 5/30 patients did not achieve stable measurements of HFOs or spikes and needed marking for 10min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose that 5min provides in most cases the same information as a longer interval when identifying HFOs and spikes in slow wave sleep, and present methods to identify when this is not the case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This procedure is useful to control for consistency between readers and to evaluate if the selected interval provides stable information, for automatic and visual identification of events.
authors: Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, EEG Department, McGill University, Que., Canada. rina.zelmann@mail.mcgill.ca
authors: Rina
authors: R
authors: Zelmann
authors: Maeike
authors: M
authors: Zijlmans
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Jacobs
authors: Claude-E
authors: CE
authors: Châtillon
authors: Jean
authors: J
authors: Gotman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult