Proinflammatory and osteoclastogenic effects of beta-tricalciumphosphate and hydroxyapatite particles on human mononuclear cells in vitro.
Particulate wear debris can activate defence cells and osteoclasts at the bone-implant interface possibly leading to bone resorption and implant failure. Cellular responses and inflammatory effects have been reported for particulate hydroxyapatite (HA). However, the immunological effects of particulate beta-tricalciumphosphate (beta-TCP) have not been studied and the question of whether beta-TCP is more biocompatible in this regard as is HA remains to be determined. Therefore the present work investigates effects of endotoxin-free HA and beta-TCP particles of the same size (d(50)=1 microm) and dose (SAR 10:1) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. The production of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-8) and cytokines connected to osteoclast and dendritic cell differentiation (OPG, RANKL, M-CSF, GM-CSF) was determined by ELISA. After 6 and 18 h of incubation HA and beta-TCP caused a quite similar induction of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-8. Effects of particles on the production of M-CSF and OPG were not detectable. However, in sharp contrast to HA, beta-TCP caused less induction of GM-CSF and not any of RANKL, both known for promoting dendritic cells and osteoclastogenesis respectively. Therefore these in vitro data suggest that wear debris of beta-TCP poses lesser risk of the detrimental effects of osteoclast induction known from HA.
Lange
Tobias
T
Center for Biomechanics and Skeletal Biology, Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Schilling
Arndt F
AF
Peters
Fabian
F
Haag
Friedrich
F
Morlock
Michael M
MM
Rueger
Johannes M
JM
Amling
Michael
M
D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D010316:Particle Size
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D016207:Cytokines; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D017886:Durapatite