title: Motion corrected cadence CPS ultrasound for quantifying response to vasoactive drugs in a rat kidney model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the ability of contrast-enhanced motion corrected cadence pulse sequencing (CPS) to detect changes in renal blood flow induced by vasoactive substances in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ultrasound contrast media was administered as a constant rate infusion into a phantom at a known rate and CPS data acquired. Rats were anesthetized and predrug CPS estimates of replenishment rate were made for the right kidney. Real-time motion correction was applied, and parametric images were generated from the CPS data. Group 1 rats (n = 7) were administered a vasodilator and group 2 rats (n = 3) were administered a vasoconstrictor. The CPS imaging of the kidney was repeated after ample time for drug effects to occur.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contrast CPS accurately estimated flow velocity in the phantom model. In addition, CPS defined statistically significant differences between pre- and postdrug blood flow in the renal medulla (vasodilator, P < .01; vasoconstrictor, P < .0001) and cortex (vasoconstrictor, P < .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that motion-corrected CPS ultrasound provides real-time quantification of renal blood flow alterations and may prove useful for the assessment of blood flow in transplanted kidneys.
authors: Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. repollard@ucdavis.edu
authors: Rachel E
authors: RE
authors: Pollard
authors: Paul A
authors: PA
authors: Dayton
authors: Katherine D
authors: KD
authors: Watson
authors: Xiaowen
authors: X
authors: Hu
authors: Ismayil M
authors: IM
authors: Guracar
authors: Katherine W
authors: KW
authors: Ferrara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents