title: Atherosclerosis in survivors of Kawasaki disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that long-term survivors of low-risk Kawasaki disease (KD) have ongoing vascular inflammation and dysfunction and a higher risk of accelerated atherosclerosis than healthy control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight patients with KD (7-20 years after acute illness) and 27 age-matched healthy control subjects were examined for medical and dietary history, serum markers of atherosclerotic risk and inflammation, carotid intimal-medial thickness (CIMT) with vascular ultrasound scanning and arterial stiffness with applanation tonometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients and control subjects were similar in age, sex, body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, cigarette smoking, family history, diet, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, lipoprotein (a) level, homocysteine level, glucose level, insulin level, CIMT, arterial stiffness, C-reactive protein level, and inflammatory cytokine level. Levels of total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were significantly higher in patients with KD than in control subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no evidence of increased atherosclerosis. Small but significant differences in cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels could suggest increased future risk for atherosclerosis and warrant further study.
authors: Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Komansky Center for Children's Health, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. monesha.gupta@uth.tmc.edu
authors: Monesha
authors: M
authors: Gupta-Malhotra
authors: Dorota
authors: D
authors: Gruber
authors: Seena S
authors: SS
authors: Abraham
authors: Mary J
authors: MJ
authors: Roman
authors: John B
authors: JB
authors: Zabriskie
authors: Lisa C
authors: LC
authors: Hudgins
authors: Patrick A
authors: PA
authors: Flynn
authors: Daniel M
authors: DM
authors: Levine
authors: Uzoma
authors: U
authors: Okorie
authors: Aline
authors: A
authors: Baday
authors: Myles S
authors: MS
authors: Schiller
authors: Janet
authors: J
authors: Maturi
authors: Diane
authors: D
authors: Meehan
authors: Joshua
authors: J
authors: Dyme
authors: Thomas S
authors: TS
authors: Parker
authors: Knut M
authors: KM
authors: Wittkowski
authors: Welton M
authors: WM
authors: Gersony
authors: Rubin S
authors: RS
authors: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D008055:Lipids