title: Neuregulin-1 beta is associated with disease severity and adverse outcomes in chronic heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) is a paracrine factor released by microvascular endothelial cells that has cardioprotective effects in animal models of heart failure. However, circulating NRG-1 has not been studied in human heart disease. We used a novel immunoassay to test whether circulating NRG-1beta is associated with disease severity and clinical outcomes in chronic heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum NRG-1beta was quantified in 899 outpatients in the Penn Heart Failure Study, a referral cohort representing a broad spectrum of systolic heart failure. Circulating NRG-1beta was significantly elevated in patients with worse disease severity (median, 6.2 ng/mL for New York Heart Association class IV versus 4.4 ng/mL for class I; P=0.002). In adjusted models, NRG-1beta was independently associated with an increased risk of death or cardiac transplantation over a median follow-up of 2.4 years (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 2.39; P=0.03 comparing fourth versus first NRG-1beta quartile). Associations with outcome differed by heart failure cause and symptom severity, with the strongest associations observed in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (interaction P=0.008) and New York Heart Association class III/IV symptoms (interaction P=0.01). These findings were all independent of brain natriuretic peptide, and assessment of NRG-1beta and brain natriuretic peptide jointly provided better risk stratification than each biomarker individually in patients with ischemic or New York Heart Association class III/IV heart failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circulating NRG-1beta is independently associated with heart failure severity and risk of death or cardiac transplantation. These findings support a role for NRG-1/ErbB signaling in human heart failure and identify serum NRG-1beta as a novel biomarker that may have clinical applications.
authors: Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors: Bonnie
authors: B
authors: Ky
authors: Stephen E
authors: SE
authors: Kimmel
authors: Radwan N
authors: RN
authors: Safa
authors: Mary E
authors: ME
authors: Putt
authors: Nancy K
authors: NK
authors: Sweitzer
authors: James C
authors: JC
authors: Fang
authors: Douglas B
authors: DB
authors: Sawyer
authors: Thomas P
authors: TP
authors: Cappola
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020890:Neuregulin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020890:Neuregulin-1