title: Essential role for neutrophils but not alveolar macrophages at early time points following Aspergillus fumigatus infection.
abstract: Alveolar macrophages and neutrophils mediate innate immune defense against the opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus and are believed to be essential for host survival following inhalation of fungal spores (conidia). Although alveolar macrophages are postulated to kill inhaled conidia and neutrophils are believed to act against hyphae, the relative contribution of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils to early defense against A. fumigatus remain incompletely defined. To more precisely characterize the contributions of alveolar macrophages and neutrophils in antifungal host defense, we selectively depleted each cell population at different times following pulmonary challenge with conidia. Mice depleted of alveolar macrophages prior to pulmonary A. fumigatus infection recruited neutrophils normally and restricted hyphal tissue invasion. In contrast, neutrophil depletion prior to or within 3 h after infection was associated with high mortality. Neutrophil depletion at later time points, however, was associated with nearly normal survival rates. Our studies suggest that neutrophils, but not alveolar macrophages, provide essential anticonidial defense and that a brief period of influx into the respiratory tree is sufficient to prevent conidial germination and invasive disease.
authors: Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, New York, USA.
authors: Monica M
authors: MM
authors: Mircescu
authors: Lauren
authors: L
authors: Lipuma
authors: Nico
authors: N
authors: van Rooijen
authors: Eric G
authors: EG
authors: Pamer
authors: Tobias M
authors: TM
authors: Hohl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D055732:Pulmonary Aspergillosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors