title: Low pregnancy weight gain and small for gestational age: a comparison of the association using 3 different measures of small for gestational age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess associations between pregnancy weight gain (PWG) and small for gestational age (SGA) defined by birthweight < 10th percentile and 2 more restrictive definitions and to assess the proportion of SGA attributed to low PWG.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective cohort study of 104,980 singleton, term births from the 2000-2005 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with women who gained 15-25 lbs during pregnancy, women who gained 1-14 lbs had 1.5 greater odds (95% confidence interval, 1.2-1.8) of SGA for the most restrictive definition and 1.2 greater odds (95% confidence interval, 1.1-1.4) for the least restrictive definition, after adjustments for confounders. Depending upon the definition used, PWG below current Institute of Medicine recommendations contributed to 10-15% of SGA, representing 0.8-1.2% of all singleton term infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Associations between low PWG and SGA varied little by definition of SGA and contributed to only a small proportion of term SGA infants.
authors: Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors: Patricia M
authors: PM
authors: Dietz
authors: William M
authors: WM
authors: Callaghan
authors: Ruben
authors: R
authors: Smith
authors: Andrea J
authors: AJ
authors: Sharma
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age / Q000502:physiology*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*