Estimation of individualized radiation risk from chronic occupational exposure in Russia.
Internationally, the upper limit of acceptable individualized risk from occupational exposure for nuclear industry workers is determined by the death probability 10(-3) y(-1). The same risk value of 10(-3) y(-1) is established by the radiation safety standards currently in force in Russia. The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation has proposed the formulas for estimating individualized risk of developing cancer with allowance for radiation dose, age at exposure, attained age, and sex. This methodology is first applied to estimate individualized radiation risk for Russian nuclear industry workers (49,900 persons) who were monitored for radiation exposure through the use of personal dosimeters. The estimates show that in 2006 the threshold of 10(-3) y(-1) for individualized risk is exceeded for 755 persons, which is 1.6% of all workers covered by personal dose monitoring. The excess absolute risk (EAR) and attributable risk (AR) were estimated for all cancers, solid cancers, and leukemias.
Ivanov
Victor K
VK
Medical Radiological Research Center of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 4 Korolyov Street, Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249036, Russia. nrer@obninsk.com
Tsyb
Anatoly F
AF
Panfilov
Alexander P
AP
Agapov
Alexander M
AM
Kaidalov
Oleg V
OV
Korelo
Alexander M
AM
Maksioutov
A
A
Chekin
Sergey Y
SY
Kashcheyeva
Polina V
PV
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D009678:Nuclear Energy; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011210:Power Plants; D011834:Radiation Monitoring; D012307:Risk Factors; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult