title: Interaction between muscle temperature and contraction velocity affects mechanical efficiency during moderate-intensity cycling exercise in young and older women.
abstract: The effect of elevated muscle temperature on mechanical efficiency was investigated during exercise at different pedal frequencies in young and older women. Eight young (24 +/- 3 yr) and eight older (70 +/- 4 yr) women performed 6-min periods of cycling at 75% ventilatory threshold at pedal frequencies of 45, 60, 75, and 90 rpm under control and passively elevated local muscle temperature conditions. Mechanical efficiency was calculated from the ratio of energy turnover (pulmonary O(2) uptake) and mechanical power output. Overall, elevating muscle temperature increased (P < 0.05) mechanical efficiency in young (32.0 +/- 3.1 to 34.0 +/- 5.5%) and decreased (P < 0.05) efficiency in older women (30.2 +/- 5.6 to 27.9 +/- 4.1%). The different effect of elevated muscle temperature in young and older women reflects a shift in the efficiency-velocity relationship of skeletal muscle. These effects may be due to differences in recruitment patterns, as well as sarcopenic and fiber-type changes with age.
authors: Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors: Martin P
authors: MP
authors: Bell
authors: Richard A
authors: RA
authors: Ferguson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D015308:Anaerobic Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains