title: Proprioception and motor control in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to a progressive decline in motor function. Growing evidence indicates that PD patients also experience an array of sensory problems that negatively impact motor function. This is especially true for proprioceptive deficits, which profoundly degrade motor performance. This review specifically address the relation between proprioception and motor impairments in PD. It is structured around 4 themes: (a) It examines whether the sensitivity of kinaesthetic perception, which is based on proprioceptive inputs, is actually altered in PD. (b) It discusses whether failed processes of proprioceptive-motor integration are central to the motor problems in PD. (c) It presents recent findings focusing on the link between the proprioception and the balance problems in PD. And (d) it discusses the current state of knowledge of how levodopa medication and deep brain stimulation affect proprioceptive and motor function in PD. The authors conclude that a failure to evaluate and to map proprioceptive information onto voluntary and reflexive motor commands is an integral part of the observed motor symptoms in PD.
authors: School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. jkonczak@umn.edu
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Konczak
authors: Daniel M
authors: DM
authors: Corcos
authors: Fay
authors: F
authors: Horak
authors: Howard
authors: H
authors: Poizner
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Shapiro
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Tuite
authors: Jens
authors: J
authors: Volkmann
authors: Matthias
authors: M
authors: Maschke
mesh_terms: D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007699:Kinesthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D011434:Proprioception / Q000502:physiology*