Toxicity of Piper aduncum L. (Piperales: Piperaceae) from the Amazon forest for the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae).
The mortality of 14-21-day-old Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus larvae, and the mortality and fertility of groups of engorged adult females exposed to different concentrations of hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of spiked pepper (Piper aduncum) were evaluated, using a completely randomized design with five treatment groups, two control groups, and two replicates for the larvae and five replicates for the adult females. Similar methodology was used to investigate the toxicity of the essential oil hydro-distillate (94.84% dillapiole) obtained from the P. aduncum crude hexane extract. The LC(50) of the hexane extract was 9.30 mg ml(-1) for larvae and the reproduction reduction ranged from 12.48% to 54.22%, while 0.1mg/ml(-1) of the essential oil induced 100% mortality in larvae. Literature reports on natural products active against R. microplus were listed and compared with the results presented here. These results indicate that P. aduncum extracts, and particularly its essential oil, are potential alternative control agents for R. microplus.
Silva
Wilson Castro
WC
Laboratório de Controle de Pragas, Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul. Rua Francisco Getúlio Vargas, 1130, Petrópolis, Caxias do Sul - RS 95070-560, Brazil. sprinkler65@gmail.com
Martins
João Ricardo de Souza
JR
de Souza
Hellen Emília Menezes
HE
Heinzen
Horacio
H
Cesio
Maria Verônica
MV
Mato
Mauricio
M
Albrecht
Francine
F
de Azevedo
João Lúcio
JL
de Barros
Neiva Monteiro
NM
D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects; D031701:Piper / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D048494:Rhipicephalus / Q000187:drug effects*; D014197:Trees
D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010938:Plant Oils