title: Toll-like receptor 9 agonists promote IL-8 and TGF-beta1 production via activation of nuclear factor kappaB in PC-3 cells.
abstract: Chronic infection and resulting inflammation promote tumor development and progression, and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) may play an important role in this process. The aim of this study was to determine whether CpG oligonucleotides (CpG-ODN), which are Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonists, can promote inflammatory cytokines release from the prostate cancer PC-3 cells through activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). Flow cytometry, semiquantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and immunofluorescence analysis were used to detect the transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) release and NF-kappaB activation in PC-3 cells after CpG-ODN stimulation. CpG-ODN promoted the expression and secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines TGF-beta1 and IL-8 from PC-3 cells. In addition, after CpG-ODN stimulation, NF-kappaB nuclear translocation was also observed in PC-3 cells, contributing to CpG-induced upregulation of IL-8 and TGF-beta1. Thus, TLR9 agonists may promote IL-8 and TGF-beta1 production in human prostate cancer cells through NF-kappaB activation.
authors: Department of Urology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Number 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China.
authors: Jin-ming
authors: JM
authors: Di
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Pang
authors: Xiao-yong
authors: XY
authors: Pu
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiao-peng
authors: XP
authors: Liu
authors: You-qiang
authors: YQ
authors: Fang
authors: Xing-xing
authors: XX
authors: Ruan
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Gao
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011392:Proline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000819:agonists* / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C066229:prolinedithiocarbamate; D002738:Chloroquine; D011392:Proline