Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of primary antibody deficiencies and infections.
Primary antibody deficiencies are the most common primary immunodeficiency diseases. They are a heterogeneous group of disorders with various degrees of dysfunctional antibody production resulting from a disruption of B-cell differentiation at different stages. While there has been tremendous recent progress in the understanding of some of these disorders, the etiology remains unknown for the majority of patients. As there is a large spectrum of underlying defects, the age at presentation varies widely, and the clinical manifestations range from an almost complete absence of B cells and serum immunoglobulins to selectively impaired antibody responses to specific antigens with normal total serum immunoglobulin concentrations. However, all of these disorders share an increased susceptibility to infections, affecting predominantly the respiratory tract. A delay of appropriate treatment for some diseases can result in serious complications related to infections, while timely diagnosis and adequate therapy can significantly decrease morbidity and increase life expectancy and quality of life.
Fried
Ari J
AJ
Division of Immunology, Children's Hospital Boston, Fegan Building, 6th Floor, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ari.fried@childrens.harvard.edu
Bonilla
Francisco A
FA
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000906:Antibodies / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019090:Case Management; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000906:Antibodies