title: Analog noise reduction in enzymatic logic gates.
abstract: In this work, we demonstrate both experimentally and theoretically that the analog noise generation by a single enzymatic logic gate can be dramatically reduced to yield gate operation with virtually no input noise amplification. We demonstrate that when a cosubstrate with a much smaller affinity than the primary substrate is used, a negligible increase in the noise output from the logic gate is obtained, as compared to the input noise level. Our general theoretical conclusions were confirmed by experimental realizations of the AND logic gate based on the enzyme horseradish peroxidase using hydrogen peroxide as the substrate, with 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) or ferrocyanide as cosubstrates with vastly different rate constants.
authors: Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699, USA.
authors: Dmitriy
authors: D
authors: Melnikov
authors: Guinevere
authors: G
authors: Strack
authors: Marcos
authors: M
authors: Pita
authors: Vladimir
authors: V
authors: Privman
authors: Evgeny
authors: E
authors: Katz
mesh_terms: D052160:Benzothiazoles; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005295:Ferrocyanides / Q000378:metabolism; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008128:Logic; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052160:Benzothiazoles; D004798:Enzymes; D005295:Ferrocyanides; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D013844:Thiazoles; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; C020354:hexacyanoferrate II