title: Italian translation of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire, with re-assessment of reliability and validity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To cross-culturally adapt and validate the Italian version of the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) in patients affected by hallux valgus.
  
  
  METHODS
  The MOXFQ was translated into Italian and culturally adapted following the forward and backward translation method. A sample of 172 patients with hallux valgus was asked to fill in the MOXFQ and the Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Two-week retest was performed on a random sub-sample of 40 patients. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Construct validity was assessed with the use of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, using a priori hypothesized correlations with SF-36 domains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The internal consistency reliability was acceptable for all MOXFQ domains (Pain, Walking/standing and Social interaction) with Cronbachs' alpha coefficients ranging from 0.72 to 0.83. The assessment of test-retest reliability reveals satisfactory values with ICCs ranging from 0.85 to 0.92. Construct validity was supported by the presence of all the hypothesized correlation, with the exception of Italian Walking/standing domain with the SF-36 Role-Physical domain (rho = -0.29).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Italian version of MOXFQ is a valid and reliable instrument for evaluating foot pain and functional status in patients affected by hallux valgus.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128, Rome, Italy.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Marinozzi
authors: Nicolò
authors: N
authors: Martinelli
authors: Manlio
authors: M
authors: Panascì
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Cancilleri
authors: Edoardo
authors: E
authors: Franceschetti
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Vincenzi
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Di Martino
authors: Vincenzo
authors: V
authors: Denaro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006215:Hallux Valgus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations