title: The potential biomarkers in predicting pathologic response of breast cancer to three different chemotherapy regimens: a case control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preoperative chemotherapy (PCT) has become the standard of care in locally advanced breast cancer. The identification of patient-specific tumor characteristics that can improve the ability to predict response to therapy would help optimize treatment, improve treatment outcomes, and avoid unnecessary exposure to potential toxicities. This study is to determine whether selected biomarkers could predict pathologic response (PR) of breast tumors to three different PCT regimens, and to identify a subset of patients who would benefit from a given type of treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  118 patients with primary breast tumor were identified and three PCT regimens including DEC (docetaxel+epirubicin+cyclophosphamide), VFC (vinorelbine/vincristine+5-fluorouracil+cyclophosphamide) and EFC (epirubicin+5-fluorouracil+cyclophosphamide) were investigated. Expression of steroid receptors, HER2, P-gp, MRP, GST-pi and Topo-II was evaluated by immunohistochemical scoring on tumor tissues obtained before and after PCT. The PR of breast carcinoma was graded according to Sataloff's classification. Chi square test, logistic regression and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel assay were performed to determine the association between biomarkers and PR, as well as the effectiveness of each regimen on induction of PR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a clear-cut correlation between the expression of ER and decreased PR to PCT in all three different regimens (p < 0.05). HER2 expression is significantly associated with increased PR in DEC regimen (p < 0.05), but not predictive for PR in EFC and VFC groups. No significant correlation was found between biomarkers PgR, Topo-II, P-gp, MRP or GST-pi and PR to any tested PCT regimen. After adjusted by a stratification variable of ER or HER2, DEC regimen was more effective in inducing PR in comparison with VFC and EFC regimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ER is an independent predictive factor for PR to PCT regimens including DEC, VFC and EFC in primary breast tumors, while HER2 is only predictive for DEC regimen. Expression of PgR, Topo-II, P-gp, MRP and GST-pi are not predictive for PR to any PCT regimens investigated. Results obtained in this clinical study may be helpful for the selection of appropriate treatments for breast cancer patients.
authors: Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China. drlinbowang@hotmail.com
authors: Linbo
authors: L
authors: Wang
authors: Zhinong
authors: Z
authors: Jiang
authors: Meihua
authors: M
authors: Sui
authors: Jianguo
authors: J
authors: Shen
authors: Chaoyang
authors: C
authors: Xu
authors: Weimin
authors: W
authors: Fan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005047:Etoposide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D013256:Steroids / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D013256:Steroids; D015251:Epirubicin; D014750:Vincristine; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005472:Fluorouracil