title: Influence of straight-pull headgear on the eruption pattern of maxillary canines: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of the straight-pull headgear and activator (Andresen type) treatment on the eruption pattern of impacted maxillary canines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mesiodistal positional, angular, and vertical changes of impacted canines were evaluated and statistically analyzed in pre- and posttreatment panoramic radiographs of 22 patients (12 treated with combination headgear, 10 treated with an activator).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eruption of the permanent canines in the group treated with straight-pull headgear was significantly more successful (88%) than in the group treated with an activator (62%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mesiodistal and vertical crown position, as well as angulation of canines, differ significantly between subjects treated with straight-pull headgear or an activator.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, Istituto di II Clinica Odontoiatrica, Policlinico Città Universitaria, Catania, Italy.
authors: Grazia
authors: G
authors: Fichera
authors: Mariagrazia
authors: M
authors: Greco
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Caltabiano
authors: Rosalia
authors: R
authors: Leonardi
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D003481:Cuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D050793:Orthodontic Extrusion / Q000295:instrumentation; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013997:Time Factors; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000628:therapy*