title: Enhancement patterns of pancreatic adenocarcinoma on conventional dynamic multi-detector row CT: correlation with angiogenesis and fibrosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate retrospectively the correlation between enhancement patterns on dynamic computed tomography (CT) and angiogenesis and fibrosis in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma underwent dynamic CT and tumor resection. In addition to the absolute and relative enhanced value that was calculated by subtracting the attenuation value on pre-contrast from those on contrast-enhanced CT in each phase, we defined one parameter, "tumor-aorta enhancement ratio", which was calculated by dividing enhancement of pancreatic cancer by enhancement of abdominal aorta in each phase. These enhancement patterns were correlated with the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), microvessel density (MVD), and extent of fibrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The absolute enhanced value in the arterial phase correlated with the level of VEGF and MVD (P = 0.047, P = 0.001). The relative enhanced value in arterial phase and tumor-aorta enhancement ratio (arterial) correlated with MVD (P = 0.003, P = 0.022). Tumor-aorta enhancement ratio (arterial) correlated negatively with the extent of fibrosis (P = 0.004). The tumors with greater MVD and higher expression of VEGF tended to show high enhancement in the arterial dominant phase. On the other hand, the tumors with a larger amount of fibrosis showed a negative correlation with the grade of enhancement during the arterial phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enhancement patterns on dynamic CT correlated with angiogenesis and may be modified by the extent of fibrosis.
authors: Department of Radiology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan. hattori-ht2ryk@nifty.com
authors: Yuki
authors: Y
authors: Hattori
authors: Toshifumi
authors: T
authors: Gabata
authors: Osamu
authors: O
authors: Matsui
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Mochizuki
authors: Hirohisa
authors: H
authors: Kitagawa
authors: Masato
authors: M
authors: Kayahara
authors: Tetsuo
authors: T
authors: Ohta
authors: Yasuni
authors: Y
authors: Nakanuma
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A