Prevalence of anxiety disorders among adults seeking speech therapy for stuttering.
The present study explored the prevalence of anxiety disorders among adults seeking speech therapy for stuttering. Employing a matched case-control design, participants included 92 adults seeking treatment for stuttering, and 920 age- and gender-matched controls from the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being. A conditional logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) and International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) anxiety disorders. Compared with matched controls, the stuttering group had six- to seven-fold increased odds of meeting a 12-month diagnosis of any DSM-IV or ICD-10 anxiety disorder. In terms of 12-month prevalence, they also had 16- to 34-fold increased odds of meeting criteria for DSM-IV or ICD-10 social phobia, four-fold increased odds of meeting criteria for DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder, and six-fold increased odds of meeting criteria for ICD-10 panic disorder. Overall, stuttering appears to be associated with a dramatically heightened risk of a range of anxiety disorders.
Iverach
Lisa
L
Australian Stuttering Research Centre, The University of Sydney, Australia.
O'Brian
Sue
S
Jones
Mark
M
Block
Susan
S
Lincoln
Michelle
M
Harrison
Elisabeth
E
Hewat
Sally
S
Menzies
Ross G
RG
Packman
Ann
A
Onslow
Mark
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D020407:Internet; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011287:Prejudice; D012928:Social Desirability; D013070:Speech Therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013342:Stuttering / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult