title: Carotenoid, tocopherol, and fatty acid biomarkers and dietary intake estimated by using a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire for older Japanese children and adolescents.
abstract: We investigated the association between nutrient biomarkers and dietary intake estimated using a brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire (BDHQ) for Japanese children and adolescents. Blood samples were collected from 398 subjects (5th graders of elementary school aged 10-11 y, and 2nd graders of secondary schools aged 13-14 y) randomly selected from among students in Shunan City, Japan, who were then required to answer two questionnaires. Spearman correlations were calculated between dietary intake and the corresponding biomarkers (serum carotenoids, tocopherols, and erythrocyte fatty acids). Correlations with beta-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin were significant in the 13- and 14-y age group (r=0.220-0.333, p<0.030) and the 10- and 11-y age subgroup who answered the questionnaire with assistance (r=0.295-0.299, respectively, p=0.006). Consumption of green-yellow vegetables and fruits was significantly correlated with beta-carotene and beta-cryptoxanthin levels (r=0.205-0.341, p<0.047). In the 13- and 14-y age group, correlations with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were between 0.215 and 0.473 (p<0.040). Total seafood intake was significantly correlated with marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs; r=0.239-0.420, p<0.023). In the 10- and 11-y age subgroup who completed the questionnaire with assistance, seafood intake was significantly correlated with marine n-3 PUFAs (r=0.239-0.243, p<0.032). In conclusion, dietary intake assessed using the BDHQ reflects the corresponding biomarkers for 13- and 14-y-olds; however, when used for elementary school children, caution is necessary in interpreting the results.
authors: Department of Environmental Safety, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Japan. okuda@yamaguchi-u.ac.jp
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Okuda
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Sasaki
authors: Noriko
authors: N
authors: Bando
authors: Michio
authors: M
authors: Hashimoto
authors: Ichiro
authors: I
authors: Kunitsugu
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Sugiyama
authors: Junji
authors: J
authors: Terao
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Hobara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001824:Body Constitution; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000097:blood*; D014675:Vegetables; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000097:blood; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene; D002338:Carotenoids; D024505:Tocopherols