title: Biomarkers for renal disease in childhood.
abstract: A kidney biopsy is currently required to diagnose lupus nephritis (LN). Invasiveness related to kidney biopsies, however, makes it a prohibitive approach in daily clinical practice for the assessment of LN-related activity and damage. The lack of accurate LN biomarkers inhibits effective testing of new, less toxic medications. Research in LN biomarkers involves two principal methods: 1) the candidate biomarker approach that tests molecules known to be involved in LN pathogenesis, and 2) broad-based biomarker-screening techniques. These methods suggest that the following may all be potent LN biomarkers: CCL2 (chemokine ligand 2; also known as MCP-1 ); CCL5 (chemokine ligand 5; also known as RANTES ); and CX3CL1 (chemokine ligand 1; also known as fractalkine); IP-10 (interferon-inducible protein 10; also known as chemokine ligand 10); neutrophil gelatinase associate lipocalin; hepcidin; adiponectin; transferrin; ceruloplasmin; lipocalin-like prostaglandin synthetase-D; and orosomucoid.
authors: Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL 60614, USA.
authors: Lena
authors: L
authors: Das
authors: Hermine I
authors: HI
authors: Brunner
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine*; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000652:urine*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019742:Chemokines, CC