title: Tannin-based rigid foams: a survey of chemical and physical properties.
abstract: Tannin-based rigid foams, prepared from 95% natural material, are suggested for replacing synthetic phenol-formaldehyde foams in various applications. For that purpose, a few physical properties were measured and reported here: resistance to fire and chemicals, absorption of various liquids, permeability, thermal conductivity and mechanical (compressive and tensile) strength. Modifying the composition through the use of boric and/or phosphoric acid allowed substantial increase of fire resistance. The materials were also found to present good resistance to strong acid and bases, and to solvents. High affinity for water, but limited one for organic liquids, was also evidenced. Finally, slightly anisotropic mechanical properties were measured. The materials present a brittle behaviour, whether tested in compression or traction; nevertheless, their strengths, as well as their thermal conductivities, are fully comparable with those of their phenolic counterparts. We show that such materials of vegetable origins can compete with synthetic ones for most of traditional applications.
authors: ENSTIB-LERMAB, Nancy-University, 27 rue du Merle Blanc, BP1041, 88051 Epinal cedex 9, France.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Tondi
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Zhao
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Pizzi
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Du
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Fierro
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Celzard
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis*; D005390:Fires; D008422:Materials Testing; D010539:Permeability; D016062:Porosity; D013499:Surface Properties; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013634:Tannins