title: The impact of dry versus moist heat on peripheral IV catheter insertion in a hematology-oncology outpatient population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether dry versus moist heat application to the upper extremity improves IV insertion rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-group, randomized, controlled clinical design.
  
  
  METHODS
  An academic cancer infusion center in the western United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  136 hematologic outpatients with cancer or other malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were randomly assigned to dry or moist heat with warmed towels wrapped around each patient's arm for seven minutes prior to IV insertion. Skin and room temperatures were monitored pre- and postwarming. Two experienced chemotherapy infusion nurses performed the venipunctures according to protocol. Outcomes were examined using variance analysis, with 34 patients for each combination of nurse and heat type.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of IV insertion attempts, time to achieve IV insertion postheating, patient anxiety levels pre- and postheating, and patient comfort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dry heat was 2.7 times more likely than moist heat to result in successful IV insertion on the first attempt, had significantly lower insertion times, and was more comfortable. Heat type had no effect on patient anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dry heat application decreases the likelihood of multiple IV insertion attempts and procedure time and is comfortable, safe, and economical to use in an outpatient oncology setting.
authors: University of Colorado Hospital, Denver, CO, USA. regina.fink@uch.edu
authors: Regina M
authors: RM
authors: Fink
authors: Ellen
authors: E
authors: Hjort
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Wenger
authors: Paul F
authors: PF
authors: Cook
authors: Mary
authors: M
authors: Cunningham
authors: Aimee
authors: A
authors: Orf
authors: Wendy
authors: W
authors: Pare
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Zwink
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001007:Anxiety / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing*; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D010045:Outpatients; D010146:Pain / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control; D017060:Patient Satisfaction
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents