The impact of educational level on oral health-related quality of life in older people in London.
There are socioeconomic inequalities in oral health, but the relationship between education and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among older adults has not been adequately studied. This study assessed whether there is an educational gradient in OHRQoL among older people in London. We employed secondary analysis of baseline data (n = 1,090) from a randomized controlled trial of health-risk appraisal on community-dwelling non-disabled people 65 yr of age and older, registered with three group medical practices in suburban London. Multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the association between OHRQoL [measured using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI)] and education, adjusted for age, gender, pension status, and denture wearing. Overall, 30.6% reported low levels of OHRQoL. Eating discomfort was the most frequent problem (24% reported 'often/always'), while concerns about appearance were also prevalent. Significant variations in OHRQoL existed between socioeconomic groups. In adjusted analyses, there was a clear education gradient in OHRQoL, with worse perceptions at each lower level of education. Low educational level has an independent negative impact on OHRQoL in older people, which is not explained by differences in income or in denture wearing between educational groups. Policies targeting lower educated groups should be complemented with whole-population strategies for the reduction of oral health inequalities.
Tsakos
Georgios
G
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL Medical School, London, UK. g.tsakos@ucl.ac.uk
Sheiham
Aubrey
A
Iliffe
Steve
S
Kharicha
Kalpa
K
Harari
Danielle
D
Swift
Cameron G
CG
Gillman
Gerhard
G
Stuck
Andreas E
AE
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D003778:Dentures / Q000523:psychology; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D004522:Educational Status; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008131:London; D008297:Male; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D009909:Oral Health; D010415:Pensions; D011788:Quality of Life; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class