title: Development of chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma after radiosurgery for a cerebral arteriovenous malformation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report a rare case of chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma (CEIH) after radiosurgery for a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven years after radiosurgery, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a high-intensity mass in the right basal ganglia with a peripheral low signal ring and fluid level on both T1- and T2-weighted images, which was compatible with CEIH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stereotactic evacuation and placement of an Ommaya reservoir were performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor was high in the hematoma, suggesting that CEIH may be similar to chronic subdural hematoma.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Disaster Medical Center, Tachikawa-shi, Tokyo 190-0014, Japan. s.takeuchi@room.ocn.ne.jp
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Takeuchi
authors: Yoshio
authors: Y
authors: Takasato
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Masaoka
authors: Takanori
authors: T
authors: Hayakawa
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Otani
authors: Yoshikazu
authors: Y
authors: Yoshino
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Yatsushige
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Sugawara
mesh_terms: D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006408:Hematoma, Subdural / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010291:Paresis / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D012086:Reoperation; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A