title: Conversion to open repair after endovascular aneurysm repair: causes and results. A French multicentric study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the causes and results of conversion to open repair after aortic aneurysm endovascular treatment (EVAR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study of open conversion after EVAR was performed in eight French academic centres. Primary conversion (PC) within 30 days after EVAR and secondary conversions (SC) were analysed separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1997 and 2007, open conversions were performed in 34 patients (most often in high-risk patients): 14 PC and 20 SC. Two main causes of PC were unfavourable iliac artery anatomy and renal artery coverage. In hospital mortality was 21%. SC occurred at a median of 44 months after primary EVAR. Nine were urgent cases for rupture or infection and 11 elective for aneurysm growth, infection or thrombosis. Early mortality was similar after emergent or elective SC (25%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Open conversion, and, in particular, PC and urgent SC, was associated with a poor outcome. According to the literature, mortality after elective SC is low but remains high in high-risk patients.
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France. antoinemillon@hotmail.com
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Millon
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Deelchand
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Feugier
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Chevalier
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Favre
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001019:Aortic Rupture / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000401:mortality; D020878:Device Removal; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality