title: Local anaesthesia: risks and controversies.
abstract: This paper describes the complications that can occur as the result of the intra-oral injection of local anaesthetics. It considers important localized and systemic complications and describes strategies to limit the occurrence of such problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local anaesthetics are routinely administered during many dental procedures. An understanding of the risks involved in these injections is important.
authors: School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4BW, UK.
authors: John G
authors: JG
authors: Meechan
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local