Neurohormonal regulation of cardiac ion channels in chronic heart failure.
Alteration of neurohormonal homeostasis is a hallmark of the pathophysiology of chronic heart failure (CHF). In particular, overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the sympathetic catecholaminergic system is consistently observed. Chronic overactivation of these hormonal pathways leads to a detrimental arrhythmogenic remodeling of cardiac tissue due to dysregulation of cardiac ion channels. Sudden cardiac death resulting from ventricular arrhythmias is a major cause of mortality in patients with CHF. All the drug classes known to reduce mortality in patients with CHF are neurohormonal blockers. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of how cardiac ion channels are regulated by hormones known to play a central role in the pathogenesis of CHF.
Kurokawa
Junko
J
Department of Bio-Informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Abriel
Hugues
H
D000818:Animals; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D007473:Ion Channels; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents