Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 infection activates the unfolded protein response in MDBK cells, leading to apoptosis.
Bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (BVDV-2) strains are divided into cytopathic and non-cytopathic biotypes based on the ablity to induce cytopathic effects in cultured cells. The mechanism of cytopathogenicity of BVDV-2 is not well understood. We examined cytopathogenesis in MDBK cells resulting from BVDV-2 infections by microscopic examinations and microarray analysis. We found that BVDV-2 activates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling pathways that contribute to apoptosis of infected cells. We also monitored the expression of ER stress marker gene by RT-PCR during BVDV-2 infection and demonstrated that infection of MDBK cells with a cytopathic strain of BVDV-2 induces glucose-regulated protein 78 expression. Infection with BVDV-2 also induces DNA-damage-inducible transcript 3 expression and downregulates the lectin-galactoside-binding soluble 1 level. These results show that cytopathic strains of BVDV-2 induce an ER stress response resulting in apoptosis.
Maeda
Kouji
K
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Japan.
Fujihara
Masatoshi
M
Harasawa
Ryô
R
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000821:virology*; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D030242:Diarrhea Virus 2, Bovine Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology*; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
D012333:RNA, Messenger