title: [Implications of anesthetic techniques on patients' recovery in laparoscopic cholecystectomy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different techniques of general anesthesia are used for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The aim of the study was to establish the best anesthetic technique for achieving better results during awakening affecting not only patient's recovery, but activities of anesthesiological team, as well.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted as a prospective comparative clinical trial. The patients (n=90) were classified according to the applied anesthetic technique into two groups: Volatile Induction and Maintenance Anaesthesia (VIMA) with sevofluran and Target Controlled Infusion (TCI). The results relating to parameters of recovery after anesthesia and surgery were compared between these two groups. The following parameters were analysed: demographic patients' characteristics, duration of anesthesia, the times to eye opening, to respond to a command, to extubation, and to orientation, from the last anesthetic dose receiving until post anesthesia discharge (PAD), frequency of postoperative nausea, vomiting and agitation (PONVA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the examined groups there were no statistically significant differences in the duration of anesthesia (68.29 +/- 6.47 vs 66.29 +/- 11.97 min, p = 0.327). The time to eye opening was significantly shorter in the group VIMA compared to the group TCI (4.49 +/- 1.20 vs 7.42 +/- 1.25 min, p = 0.000), as well as the time to respond to a command (5.93 +/- 1.12 vs 8.47 +/- 1.08 min, p = 0.000). The patients anesthetised with VIMA technique wer estatistically significantly extubated earlier (6.84 +/- 1.19 vs 9.69 +/- 1.31 min, p = 0.000). Considering orientation time, there was also statistically significant difference between the two groups (7.51 +/- 0.97 vs 11.60 +/- 1.75 min, p = 0.000). There was no statistically significant difference in PAD time duration (19.42 +/- 5.99 vs 20.80 +/- 1.59 min, p = 0.142). There were no statistically significant differences in PONVA events between the examined groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that VIMA technique with sevofluran in LC provides faster and more qualitative recovery of patients. Thus this technique should be applied in everyday anesthesiological procedures in LC, as well as in other minimally invasive videoendoscopic surgical procedures.
authors: Klinicki centar Nis, Hirurska klinika, Odeljenje za anesteziju i intenzivnu terapiju, Nis, Srbija. stosic@yahoo.com
authors: Biljana
authors: B
authors: Stosić
authors: Miroslav
authors: M
authors: Stojanović
authors: Radmilo
authors: R
authors: Janković
authors: Milan
authors: M
authors: Radojković
authors: Nebojsa
authors: N
authors: Ignjatović
mesh_terms: D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods*; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007260:Infusion Pumps; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane