Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity.
This review of 122 research reports (184 independent samples, 14,900 subjects) found average r = .274 for prediction of behavioral, judgment, and physiological measures by Implicit Association Test (IAT) measures. Parallel explicit (i.e., self-report) measures, available in 156 of these samples (13,068 subjects), also predicted effectively (average r = .361), but with much greater variability of effect size. Predictive validity of self-report was impaired for socially sensitive topics, for which impression management may distort self-report responses. For 32 samples with criterion measures involving Black-White interracial behavior, predictive validity of IAT measures significantly exceeded that of self-report measures. Both IAT and self-report measures displayed incremental validity, with each measure predicting criterion variance beyond that predicted by the other. The more highly IAT and self-report measures were intercorrelated, the greater was the predictive validity of each.
Greenwald
Anthony G
AG
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. agg@u.washington.edu
Poehlman
T Andrew
TA
Uhlmann
Eric Luis
EL
Banaji
Mahzarin R
MR
D001244:Association; D001290:Attitude; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D010556:Personality Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011930:Reaction Time; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012919:Social Behavior