title: MICA gene polymorphism not associated with nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in the Japanese population?
abstract: Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCLP) is one of the most common birth defects. Despite its frequency, the etiology remains largely unknown. Most likely, both genetic and environmental factors contribute to this malformation. A polymorphic gene family, the major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (MICA), is located about 40 kb centromeric to the HLA-B gene. In this study, we analyzed the association between MICA gene polymorphisms and NSCLP in Japanese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The (GCT)n polymorphism of the MICA gene was investigated in 94 patients with NSCLP and 180 normal controls using polymerase chain reaction amplification and denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results demonstrate that there are no differences in microsatellite allele frequency between NSCLP patients and controls. However, the microsatellite allele frequency of the MICA-A6 (p = 0.045) allele was increased in male patients, as compared with controls. Further, the MICA-A5 (p = 0.359) allele was also increased in female NSCLP patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the microsatellite allele frequencies of the MICA-A6 allele increased in male NSCLP patients. Although the MICA-A5 allele increased in female NSCLP patients, the increase was not statistically significant. These results suggest that the MICA gene could be one of the candidate genes for NSCLP.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan. tamakitama@zeus.eonet.ne.jp
authors: Shigehiro
authors: S
authors: Tamaki
authors: Masayoshi
authors: M
authors: Kawakami
authors: Yasutsugu
authors: Y
authors: Yamanaka
authors: Yuichiro
authors: Y
authors: Imai
authors: Wataru
authors: W
authors: Kawashima
authors: Kazuhiko
authors: K
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Shogo
authors: S
authors: Kasuda
authors: Katsuhiko
authors: K
authors: Hatake
authors: Tadaaki
authors: T
authors: Kirita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; C099187:MHC class I-related chain A