title: Is complete axillary dissection necessary for all patients with positive findings on sentinel lymph node biopsy? Validation of a breast cancer nomogram for predicting the likelihood of a non-sentinel lymph node.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Axillary dissection in patients positive for sentinel lymph nodes is currently under discussion in the literature, since approximately only 50% of such patients has metastases in the remaining lymph nodes. To identify patients at risk for non-sentinel lymph nodes metastases, a nomogram was developed by the Breast Service of the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. The aim of this study was to assess the nomogram's predictive accuracy in a population of Italian breast cancer patients in our hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The system of calculation used as variables prognostic factors of breast cancer: pathologic size, tumor type and nuclear grade, lymphovascular invasion, multifocality, estrogen receptor status, method of detection of the sentinel lymph nodes metastases (frozen section, serial hematoxylin-eosin, routine hematoxylin-eosin, and immunohistochemistry), number of positive and number of negative sentinel lymph nodes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To measure the discrimination of the nomogram, a receiver-operating characteristic curve was construed, and the area under the curve was calculated. However, the area under the curve was 0.72, a very high value considering that the limit of acceptability is 0.70-0.80. The calculation system developed by the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center provides a predictive value on the histopathologic state of sentinel lymph nodes.
authors: Operative Unit Chirurgia Senologica, University of Rome Sapienza, II Facoltà di Medicina, Ospedale San Andrea, Rome, Italy. claudioamanti@hotmail.com
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Amanti
authors: Augusto
authors: A
authors: Lombardi
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Maggi
authors: Alessandra
authors: A
authors: Moscaroli
authors: Marzia
authors: M
authors: Lo Russo
authors: Riccardo
authors: R
authors: Maglio
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Provenza
authors: Camilla
authors: C
authors: Romano
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Pezzatini
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Scopinaro
authors: Domenica
authors: D
authors: Di Stefano
mesh_terms: D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D049451:Nomograms; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy