title: Diagnosis of Hirschsprung's Disease: an age-related approach in children below or above one year.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a differential diagnostic approach to Hirshchsprung's Disease (HD) on the basis of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on 185 consecutive children with suspected HD were subjected to an age-related diagnostic approach. The patients were divided into two groups according to age (A < 1 year; B > 1 year). Children in Group A had rectal suction biopsy (RSB) and contrast enema (CE), and in Group B anorectal manometry (ARM) was performed. Patients with a normal recto-anal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) underwent bowel disimpaction and medical treatment. Only selected cases in Group B underwent RSB and CE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group A (18 patients) CE showed a colonic transitional zone in three patients, whereas RSB led to the diagnosis of HD in nine. In Group B (167 patients) ARM was not possible in seven patients and it was normal in 140 (normal anal sphincter pressure: 83; hypertonia of the internal anal sphincter: 57). The RAIR was negative in 20 patients. RSB performed in 31 children in Group B confirmed HD in three patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For patients with a neonatal onset of constipation RSB is the best diagnostic technique. Chronic constipation is rarely due to HD and ARM is a useful non-invasive screening tool.
authors: Pediatric Surgery Unit, Salesi Children Hospital, Ancona, Italy. carmine.noviello@libero.it
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Noviello
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Cobellis
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Romano
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Amici
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Martino
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006627:Hirschsprung Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male