Is there a secular decline in motor skills in preschool children?
Current research seems to confirm a secular decline in movement skills in school children. Only few data are available for preschool children and no clear trend can be identified. In the year 2007, height, weight, and motor performance were determined in 726 preschool children [Prevention through Activity in Kindergarten Trial (PAKT)] and compared with historical samples from 1973, 1985, and 1989. There was no difference in height and weight between the samples of 1973 and 2007. Older boys of today were smaller and lighter than those of 1989. Regardless of age, PAKT children fared significantly better in standing long jump than those assessed in 1989. Compared with the sample of 1973, PAKT children did equally well in this task. There were no differences in performance in an obstacle course between children of 1989 and 2007. In balancing backwards, PAKT children performed significantly worse than those in 1985. Regarding target throwing only the PAKT 4-year-olds achieved significantly worse results than those in 1985.Therefore, in preschool children, a secular decline is only evident in some, but not all, motor skills, which may indicate a change in behavior activity over the last decades.
Roth
K
K
University Children's Hospital, Julius-Maximilians-University, Wuerzburg, Germany. roth_k1@klinik.uni-wuerzburg.de
Ruf
K
K
Obinger
M
M
Mauer
S
S
Ahnert
J
J
Schneider
W
W
Graf
C
C
Hebestreit
H
H
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011158:Population Growth; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires