title: Effects of audio relaxation programs for blood pressure reduction in older adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stress management is one element of the lifestyle modification that is recommended for blood pressure control. Reduction in sympathetic arousal may be achieved through a series of audio relaxation training.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term and long-term effects of two audio relaxation programs for blood pressure reduction in older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  This clinical randomized study consists of 12-sessions of intervention, with one-month and three-month follow up measures. 41 older adults were randomly assigned to either listening to a 12-minute audio relaxation program or a 12-minute Mozart andante. At each session, blood pressures were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both groups, the reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressures after the 12-session intervention training was statistically and clinically significant. The reduction in systolic blood pressure was greater in the audio relaxation group than the Mozart group. The adherence to the program at one-month and three-month was 54% and 66% respectively. The blood pressure at one-month and three-month were not significantly different than the initial measurement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant blood pressure reduction can be achieved through a brief 12-minute audio relaxation program with older adults. Guided relaxation may be more effective in lowering blood pressure than plain music.
authors: 901 12th Avenue, P.O. BOX 222000, College of Nursing, Seattle University, Seattle,Washington 98122-1090, USA. jtang@seattleu.edu
authors: Hsin-Yi Jean
authors: HY
authors: Tang
authors: Verna
authors: V
authors: Harms
authors: Sarah M
authors: SM
authors: Speck
authors: Toni
authors: T
authors: Vezeau
authors: Jill T
authors: JT
authors: Jesurum
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009146:Music; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control*