Predicting behavioural intentions to those with mental illness: the role of attitude specificity and norms.
BACKGROUND
Social psychological research suggests that prediction of behavioural intentions towards those with mental illness could be increased by assessing attitudes towards specific actions or behaviours and by including a measure of perceived normative expectations by others concerning such behaviours.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether attitudes towards specific behaviours and perceived normative expectations improve prediction of behavioural intentions towards a person with mental illness.


METHODS
Two studies were carried out; one with university undergraduates and one with community service club members. Each included assessments of attitudes towards a person described as having a mental illness; attitudes towards specific behaviours reflecting social distance; perceived descriptive and injunctive norms with reference to those behaviours; and behavioural intentions.


RESULTS
Attitude towards the specific behaviour frequently showed a higher correlation with behavioural intentions than did attitude towards the person. Inclusion of perceived norms also improved prediction of behavioural intention.


CONCLUSIONS
The prediction of behavioural intentions towards those with mental illness may be improved by increasing the specificity of the attitude measures to the behavioural intentions being predicted and including measures of perceived norms. Furthermore, the effectiveness of efforts to reduce the stigma of mental illness may be increased by addressing their impact on perceived norms.
Norman
Ross M G
RM
Department of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, Room. 114A, 392 South Street, London, ON N6A 4G5, Canada. rnorman@uwo.ca
Sorrentino
Richard M
RM
Windell
Deborah
D
Ye
Yang
Y
Szeto
Andrew C H
AC
Manchanda
Rahul
R
D000293:Adolescent; D001290:Attitude; D001519:Behavior; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D009864:Ontario; D012559:Schizophrenia; D012934:Social Isolation; D013240:Stereotyping; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult