title: The tyrosine kinase Syk regulates the survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells through PKCdelta and proteasome-dependent regulation of Mcl-1 expression.
abstract: B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is characterized by accumulation of mature monoclonal CD5+ B cells. The disease results mainly from a failure of cells to undergo apoptosis, a process largely influenced by the existence of constitutively activated components of B-cell receptor signaling and the deregulated expression of anti-apoptotic molecules. Recent evidence pointing to a critical role of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) in ligand-independent BCR signaling prompted us to examine its role in primary B-CLL cell survival. We demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of constitutive Syk activity and silencing by siRNA led to a dramatic decrease of cell viability in CLL samples (n=44), regardless of clinical and biological status and induced typical apoptotic cell death with mitochondrial failure followed by caspase 3-dependent cell death. We also provide functional and biochemical evidence that Syk regulated B-CLL cell survival through a novel pathway involving PKCdelta and a proteasome-dependent regulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. Together, our observations are consistent with a model wherein PKCdelta downstream of Syk stabilizes Mcl-1 through inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3 by Akt. We conclude that Syk constitutes a key regulator of B-CLL cell survival, emphasizing the clinical utility of Syk inhibition in hematopoietic malignancies.
authors: INSERM UMR576, Nice, France.
authors: A D
authors: AD
authors: Baudot
authors: P Y
authors: PY
authors: Jeandel
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Mouska
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Maurer
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Tartare-Deckert
authors: S D
authors: SD
authors: Raynaud
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Cassuto
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ticchioni
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Deckert
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008024:Ligands; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D010766:Phosphorylation; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta / Q000378:metabolism*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D000072377:Syk Kinase
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C000606896:SYK protein, human; D000072377:Syk Kinase; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D053148:Caspase 3; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex