title: Diabetes-related changes in hearing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine the effects on hearing of diabetes mellitus (DM) severity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study among Veterans to investigate the relationship of diabetes severity and hearing in randomly selected subjects with (165) and without (137) DM and who had no more than a moderate hearing loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were classified by three age tertiles (<50, 50-56, and 57+ years). Diabetes severity was classified as insulin-dependent (IDDM), noninsulin-dependent (NIDDM), or no DM. Other DM measures included concurrent serum glucose, serum HbA(1c), duration of disease, and several measures of DM-related complications. Pure-tone thresholds were measured in both ears of each subject at frequencies from 250 Hz through 14,000 Hz. Outcome measures were adjusted for age and frequency and analyzed for differences between subject groups using analysis of variance. Contrasts of the mean NIDDM and IDDM thresholds at each frequency to the DM group, and controlled for the effects of frequency, age, and interactions were modeled.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was greater hearing loss in younger tertile DM subjects compared to those without DM. Significant hearing differences were at all frequencies for NIDDM subjects, but for IDDM subjects, differences were at 1,000 Hz and below, and 10,000 Hz and above. Over age 50 years, there were significant associations between hearing at low frequencies and IDDM only. Self-report of prior noise exposure did not explain observed differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of hearing loss, and this difference is manifest particularly in adults <50 years old.
authors: VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research, Portland VA Medical Center, Oregon 97239, USA.
authors: Donald F
authors: DF
authors: Austin
authors: Dawn
authors: D
authors: Konrad-Martin
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Griest
authors: Garnett P
authors: GP
authors: McMillan
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: McDermott
authors: Stephen
authors: S
authors: Fausti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014481:United States; D014728:Veterans
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin