The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in blood pressure regulation.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. It is expressed in adipocytes, immune cells, and cardiovascular cells that include cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells. PPARgamma plays a role in regulating cellular anti-inflammatory responses and is a mediator of insulin sensitization induced by thiazolidinediones, which also can reduce elevated blood pressure both clinically and experimentally. As a result, research regarding the role of PPARgamma in blood pressure homeostasis is ongoing. Recent studies have demonstrated that increases or decreases in blood pressure phenotype may be PPARgamma-dependent and involve a number of different signaling pathways. Furthermore, studies using PPARgamma mutant transgenic and knockout animal models provide further evidence regarding a role for endothelial-cell and vascular smooth muscle-cell PPARgamma in blood pressure regulation. However, there is a need for further research regarding PPARgamma--mediated mechanisms involved in maintaining physiologic control of blood pressure.
Hamblin
Milton
M
Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Chang
Lin
L
Zhang
Jifeng
J
Chen
Y Eugene
YE
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001565:Benzoates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004727:Endothelium / Q000187:drug effects; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D023421:Models, Animal; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077333:Telmisartan; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001565:Benzoates; D047495:PPAR gamma; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077333:Telmisartan