title: Intra-operative trans-esophageal echocardiography in congenital heart disease.
abstract: Intra-operative trans-esophageal echocardiography (TEE) is an important monitoring and diagnostic tool used during surgery for repair of congenital heart disease. In several studies,TEE has been shown to provide additional intra-cardiac anatomic information. Its ability to be used intra- operatively before and after cardiac repair makes it a unique tool. Before TEE was available for intra-operative use, significant residual abnormalities were frequently not detected. The result was often substantial post-operative morbidity and mortality and sometimes the need for re-operation. According to practice guidelines established by the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists and the American Society of Anesthesiologists, there is strong evidence for the usefulness of TEE in surgery for congenital heart disease because it significantly improves the clinical outcome of these patients. Before surgical correction, TEE helps confirm diagnosis and spot any additional lesion, while after the surgical correction, it provides baseline parameters for comparison after the surgical correction.
authors: Narayana Hrudayalaya Institute of Medical Sciences, Anekal Taluk, Bangalore-560099, India. gargrajnish2001@yahoo.com
authors: Rajnish
authors: R
authors: Garg
authors: Keshava
authors: K
authors: Murthy
authors: Shekhar
authors: S
authors: Rao
authors: Kanchi
authors: K
authors: Muralidhar
mesh_terms: D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004310:Double Outlet Right Ventricle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004694:Endocardial Cushion Defects / Q000601:surgery; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000601:surgery; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery