title: Subconjunctival hemorrhage and conjunctivochalasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Subconjunctival hemorrhage (SCH) is a relatively common disease, but there have been no reports concerning the relationship between SCH and conjunctivochalasis (CCh). We compared the grade of CCh between patients with SCH and control patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, nonrandomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 104 patients with SCH aged 41 to 94 years and 120 age- and gender-matched controls aged 41 to 94 years were enrolled.
  
  
  METHODS
  The conjunctiva was divided into the following 8 equal areas: superior, superior/nasal, nasal, inferior/nasal, inferior, inferior/temporal, temporal, and superior/temporal. The age, gender, medical history, ocular history, site of hemorrhage, grade of CCh at 3 locations (nasal, middle, and temporal), and other parameters of CCh were determined in all subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Grade of each CCh parameter and location of SCH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean grade of CCh was higher in patients with SCH than in control patients at the nasal (P<0.00001), middle (P<0.00001), and temporal areas (P<0.00001). The downward gaze- or digital pressure-dependent changes of CCh and the frequency of superficial punctate keratitis were all increased in SCH patients compared with control patients (P<0.00001, P<0.00001, and P = 0.00106, respectively). The number of areas involved by SCH and the presence of SCH in each area were positively correlated with the grade of each CCh-related parameter (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This was the first assessment of the grade of CCh in a large series of consecutive patients with SCH. Our results strongly suggest that CCh may have an important role in the pathogenesis of SCH.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Tatsuya
authors: T
authors: Mimura
authors: Tomohiko
authors: T
authors: Usui
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Yamagami
authors: Hideharu
authors: H
authors: Funatsu
authors: Hidetaka
authors: H
authors: Noma
authors: Norihiko
authors: N
authors: Honda
authors: Shima
authors: S
authors: Fukuoka
authors: Rika
authors: R
authors: Shirakawa
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Hotta
authors: Shiro
authors: S
authors: Amano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000473:pathology; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005130:Eye Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors