title: Vardenafil reduces testicular damage following ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.
abstract: We investigated the effect of intraperitoneal vardenafil (1 mg/kg) administration during an ischemic period in a rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D). Twenty-one adult Wistar rats were equally randomized into a control group, a T/D group and a vardenafil group. The control group was designed to collect basal values for biochemical and histopathological parameters. The T/D group underwent testicular torsion for 1 hour. The vardenafil group received vardenafil (1 mg/kg) intraperitoneally at 30 minutes after torsion. All rats were sacrificed 4 hours after reperfusion to evaluate the tissue levels of malondialdehyde and total antioxidant status. Germ cell apoptosis was evaluated using the apoptosis protease activating factor 1 antibody in all groups. The expressions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and inducible NOS were also assessed in both testes of all rats. The malondialdehyde levels in the T/D group were significantly higher than in the control and vardenafil groups. There were also significant decreases in total antioxidant status in the T/D group compared with the control and vardenafil groups. Vardenafil treatment significantly reduced apoptosis protease activating factor 1, endothelial NOS and inducible NOS levels in the vardenafil group compared with the T/D group. Administration of 1 mg/kg vardenafil during testicular torsion decreased ischemia/reperfusion cellular damage. Our results indicate that the reduction in oxidative stress by vardenafil may play a major role in its cytoprotective effects.
authors: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey. erolbulent@yahoo.com
authors: Bulent
authors: B
authors: Erol
authors: Husnu
authors: H
authors: Tokgoz
authors: Volkan
authors: V
authors: Hanci
authors: Sibel
authors: S
authors: Bektas
authors: Bulent
authors: B
authors: Akduman
authors: Faruk
authors: F
authors: Yencilek
authors: Gorkem
authors: G
authors: Mungan
authors: Aydin
authors: A
authors: Mungan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013450:Sulfones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014227:Triazines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007093:Imidazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D013450:Sulfones; D014227:Triazines; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II