title: Kinetic 12C/13C isotope fractionation by invertase: evidence for a small in vitro isotope effect and comparison of two techniques for the isotopic analysis of carbohydrates.
abstract: The natural (13)C/(12)C isotope composition (delta(13)C) of plants and organic compounds within plant organs is a powerful tool to understand carbon allocation patterns and the regulation of photosynthetic or respiratory metabolism. However, many enzymatic fractionations are currently unknown, thus impeding our understanding of carbon trafficking pathways within plant cells. One of them is the (12)C/(13)C isotope effect associated with invertases (EC 3.2.1.26) that are cornerstone enzymes for Suc metabolism and translocation in plants. Another conundrum of isotopic plant biology is the need to measure accurately the specific delta(13)C of individual carbohydrates. Here, we examined two complementary methods for measuring the delta(13)C value of sucrose, glucose and fructose, that is, off-line high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification followed by elemental analysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS) analysis, and gas chromatography-combustion (GC-C)-IRMS. We also used these methods to determine the in vitro (12)C/(13)C isotope effect associated with the yeast invertase. Our results show that, although providing more variable values than HPLC approximately EA-IRMS, and being sensitive to derivatization conditions, the GC-C-IRMS method gives reliable results. When applied to the invertase reaction, both methods indicate that the (12)C/(13)C isotope effect is rather small and it is not affected by the use of heavy water (D(2)O).
authors: Plateforme Métabolisme Métabolome, IFR87 La Plante et son Environnement, Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes, Université Paris-Sud XI, 91405 Orsay cedex, France.
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Mauve
authors: Jean
authors: J
authors: Bleton
authors: Camille
authors: C
authors: Bathellier
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Lelarge-Trouverie
authors: Florence
authors: F
authors: Guérard
authors: Jaleh
authors: J
authors: Ghashghaie
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Tchapla
authors: Guillaume
authors: G
authors: Tcherkez
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D015003:Yeasts / Q000201:enzymology; D043324:beta-Fructofuranosidase / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D043324:beta-Fructofuranosidase