Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of teicoplanin against intramammary infections in sheep.
The pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin were evaluated in 10 healthy sheep. After intravenous injection it showed monophasic behaviour, with a short mean (sd) elimination half-life (5 [0.24] hours). After intramuscular injection its bioavailability was 100 per cent but it was absorbed slowly; its elimination half-life was satisfactorily slow (9.23 [0.74] hours). Its efficacy was evaluated in 26 crossbreed sheep with milk positive to strains of Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci and Streptococcus agalactiae, and clinical signs of disease. In 19 of them a single intramuscular dose of 6 mg/kg bodyweight resulted in a complete resolution of the clinical signs, and no microorganisms were detected in milk by the fifth day; in the other seven sheep, with more severe intramammary infections, three consecutive daily intramuscular doses of 6 mg/kg bodyweight were necessary. There were no local or systemic side effects and no relapses during 30 days after the treatments in any of the sheep.
Naccari
C
C
Department of Pharmacobiology, Polo Universitario SS Annunziata, University of Messina, Italy.
Niutta
P P
PP
Trombetta
D
D
De Domenico
A
A
Pizzimenti
F
F
Cagnardi
P
P
Carli
S
S
Naccari
F
F
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005260:Female; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D008413:Mastitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017334:Teicoplanin