PXR and CAR in energy metabolism.
The nuclear receptors pregnane X receptor (PXR, or NR1I2) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR, or NR1I3) were originally identified as xenosensors that regulate the expression of Phase I and Phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Recent results suggest that PXR and CAR also have important endobiotic roles in energy metabolism by affecting the metabolism of fatty acids, lipids and glucose. PXR and CAR exert their effects on energy metabolism through direct gene regulation or through crosstalk with other transcriptional regulators. This review focuses on the roles of CAR and PXR in energy metabolism and offers a perspective on whether PXR and CAR represent novel therapeutic targets for the management of metabolic syndrome.
Wada
Taira
T
Center for Pharmacogenetics and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Gao
Jie
J
Xie
Wen
W
D000818:Animals; D000090702:Constitutive Androstane Receptor; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000378:metabolism
D000090702:Constitutive Androstane Receptor; C000625852:NR1I2 protein, human; C000716327:NR1I3 protein, human; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015262:Xenobiotics; D005947:Glucose