title: The analysis of core and symbiotic genes of rhizobia nodulating Vicia from different continents reveals their common phylogenetic origin and suggests the distribution of Rhizobium leguminosarum strains together with Vicia seeds.
abstract: In this work, we analysed the core and symbiotic genes of rhizobial strains isolated from Vicia sativa in three soils from the Northwest of Spain, and compared them with other Vicia endosymbionts isolated in other geographical locations. The analysis of rrs, recA and atpD genes and 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer showed that the Spanish strains nodulating V. sativa are phylogenetically close to those isolated from V. sativa and V. faba in different European, American and Asian countries forming a group related to Rhizobium leguminosarum. The analysis of the nodC gene of strains nodulating V. sativa and V. faba in different continents showed they belong to a phylogenetically compact group indicating that these legumes are restrictive hosts. The results of the nodC gene analysis allow the delineation of the biovar viciae showing a common phylogenetic origin of V. sativa and V. faba endosymbionts in several continents. Since these two legume species are indigenous from Europe, our results suggest a world distribution of strains from R. leguminosarum together with the V. sativa and V. faba seeds and a close coevolution among chromosome, symbiotic genes and legume host in this Rhizobium-Vicia symbiosis.
authors: Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Lab. 209, Edificio Departamental de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007, Salamanca, Spain.
authors: Estela R
authors: ER
authors: Alvarez-Martínez
authors: Angel
authors: A
authors: Valverde
authors: Martha Helena
authors: MH
authors: Ramírez-Bahena
authors: Paula
authors: P
authors: García-Fraile
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Tejedor
authors: Pedro F
authors: PF
authors: Mateos
authors: Nery
authors: N
authors: Santillana
authors: Doris
authors: D
authors: Zúñiga
authors: Alvaro
authors: A
authors: Peix
authors: Encarna
authors: E
authors: Velázquez
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005843:Geography; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D016961:Rhizobium leguminosarum / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D053204:Root Nodules, Plant / Q000382:microbiology; D012639:Seeds / Q000382:microbiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013030:Spain; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000235:genetics*; D031306:Vicia / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; C060771:NodC protein, Rhizobiales