title: Spontaneous hepatic hemorrhage secondary to prolonged use of oral contraceptives.
abstract: Oral contraceptive pills (OCP) are the most commonly used form of contraception throughout the United States of America. The prolonged usage of oral contraceptives leads to a variety of complications, ranging from subclinical modifications of liver function tests to the development of benign and malignant tumors of the liver. Spontaneous hepatic hemorrhage secondary to oral contraceptive use was only reported once in the early 1980s. We report a case of spontaneous hepatic hemorrhage secondary to prolonged ingestion of combined OCPs followed by multiple pulmonary emboli without underlying thrombophilia.
authors: Department of Anatomical Pathology, UMass Memorial Medical Center, Biotech Three One Innovation Drive, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Reema.Jaffar@Umassmemorial.org
authors: Reema
authors: R
authors: Jaffar
authors: Liberto
authors: L
authors: Pechet
authors: Giles Francis
authors: GF
authors: Whalen
authors: Barbara F
authors: BF
authors: Banner
mesh_terms: D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal