title: Autologous mesenchymal stem cells produce reverse remodelling in chronic ischaemic cardiomyopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to heal the chronically injured heart remains controversial. Here we tested the hypothesis that autologous MSCs can be safely injected into a chronic myocardial infarct scar, reduce its size, and improve ventricular function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Female adult Göttingen swine (n = 15) underwent left anterior descending coronary artery balloon occlusion to create reproducible ischaemia-reperfusion infarctions. Bone-marrow-derived MSCs were isolated and expanded from each animal. Twelve weeks post-myocardial infarction (MI), animals were randomized to receive surgical injection of either phosphate buffered saline (placebo, n = 6), 20 million (low dose, n = 3), or 200 million (high dose, n = 6) autologous MSCs in the infarct and border zone. Injections were administered to the beating heart via left anterior thoracotomy. Serial cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed to evaluate infarct size, myocardial blood flow (MBF), and left ventricular (LV) function. There was no difference in mortality, post-injection arrhythmias, cardiac enzyme release, or systemic inflammatory markers between groups. Whereas MI size remained constant in placebo and exhibited a trend towards reduction in low dose, high-dose MSC therapy reduced infarct size from 18.2 +/- 0.9 to 14.4 +/- 1.0% (P = 0.02) of LV mass. In addition, both low and high-dose treatments increased regional contractility and MBF in both infarct and border zones. Ectopic tissue formation was not observed with MSCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together these data demonstrate that autologous MSCs can be safely delivered in an adult heart failure model, producing substantial structural and functional reverse remodelling. These findings demonstrate the safety and efficacy of autologous MSC therapy and support clinical trials of MSC therapy in patients with chronic ischaemic cardiomyopathy.
authors: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors: Karl H
authors: KH
authors: Schuleri
authors: Gary S
authors: GS
authors: Feigenbaum
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Centola
authors: Eric S
authors: ES
authors: Weiss
authors: Jeffrey M
authors: JM
authors: Zimmet
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Turney
authors: Joshua
authors: J
authors: Kellner
authors: Menekhem M
authors: MM
authors: Zviman
authors: Konstantinos E
authors: KE
authors: Hatzistergos
authors: Barbara
authors: B
authors: Detrick
authors: John V
authors: JV
authors: Conte
authors: Ian
authors: I
authors: McNiece
authors: Charles
authors: C
authors: Steenbergen
authors: Albert C
authors: AC
authors: Lardo
authors: Joshua M
authors: JM
authors: Hare
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D021721:Balloon Occlusion; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines