title: Factors associated with treatment failure of patients with psychiatric diseases and injecting drug users in the treatment of genotype 2 or 3 hepatitis C chronic infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genotype 2/3 hepatitis C virus (HCV) has a good response to treatment with peginterferon and ribavirin. Patients with psychiatric disorders and injecting drug users (IDUs) are considered 'difficult to treat' and are often excluded from treatment despite the lack of evidence supporting this decision.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the outcome and factors associated with treatment failure in these groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is an observational study of a cohort of patients infected by genotype 2/3 HCV. IDUs and patients with psychiatric diseases were not excluded from treatment. We performed an intention-to-treat analysis to evaluate factors related to treatment failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 91 of the 125 patients treated (72.8%). Patients with chronic psychotic disorders or former IDUs had SVR rates similar to other groups. After multivariate analysis, independent factors associated with treatment failure were liver cirrhosis [odds ratio (OR) 3.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-10.4], a history of depression and not being on antidepressants at the commencement of HCV treatment (OR 4.4, 95% CI 1.2-16) and active IDUs (OR 7.3, 95% CI 1.77-30.4).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with a history of depression who were not receiving antidepressants and active IDUs are more likely to fail treatment for genotype 2/3 HCV and will need additional support.
authors: Monsall Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, UK. gerardouria@gmail.com
authors: Gerardo
authors: G
authors: Alvarez-Uria
authors: Jeremy N
authors: JN
authors: Day
authors: Anisa J
authors: AJ
authors: Nasir
authors: Susan K
authors: SK
authors: Russell
authors: Francisco Javier
authors: FJ
authors: Vilar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D055030:Drug Users; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D017211:Treatment Failure; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a