Effects of personality on self-rated health in a 1-year randomized controlled trial of chronic illness self-management.
OBJECTIVE
Personality factors moderate self-efficacy enhancing effects of some illness self-management interventions, but their influence on self-rated health is unclear. This study examined whether high neuroticism and low conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness (the distressed personality profile) moderated the effects of the homing in on health (HIOH) illness self-management intervention on mental and physical health status.


METHODS
Analysis of data from 384 subjects completing a randomized controlled trial of HIOH.


METHODS
Regression analyses examined effects of NEO-five factor inventory scores on SF-36 mental component summary (MCS-36) and physical component summary (PCS-36) scores (baseline; 2, 4, and 6 weeks; 6 months; 1 year), adjusting for age, gender, and study group.


RESULTS
Baseline MCS-36 scores were worse in those with the distressed personality profile relative to others: high neuroticism (13.3 points worse, 95% confidence interval (CI)=11.0, 15.7) and low conscientiousness (6.6 points worse, 95% CI=4.1, 9.2), extraversion (10.1 points worse, 95% CI=7.7, 12.5) and agreeableness (4.2 points worse, 95% CI=1.6, 6.8). Intervention subjects had better MCS-36 scores at 4 and 6 weeks, and benefits were confined to participants with low conscientiousness (4 weeks - 3.7 points better, 95% CI=0.2, 71; 6 weeks - 5.0 points better, 95% CI=1.57, 8.4). There were no intervention or personality effects on PCS-36 scores.


CONCLUSIONS
Chronically ill self-management intervention recipients with the distressed personality profile had worse self-rated mental health, and conscientiousness moderated the short-term effects of the intervention on self-rated mental health. Measuring personality may help identify individuals more likely to benefit from self-management interventions.
Jerant
Anthony
A
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, USA. afjerant@ucdavis.edu
Chapman
Benjamin
B
Duberstein
Paul
P
Franks
Peter
P
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005120:Extraversion, Psychological; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012917:Social Adjustment; D016896:Treatment Outcome