title: Production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from waste materials and by-products by submerged and solid-state fermentation.
abstract: Polyhydroxyalkanoates are biodegradable polymers produced by prokaryotic organisms from renewable resources. The production of PHAs by submerged fermentation processes has been intensively studied over the last 30 years. In recent years, alternative strategies have been proposed, such as the use of solid-state fermentation or the production of PHAs in transgenic plants. This paper gives an overview of submerged and solid-state fermentation processes used to produce PHAs from waste materials and by-products. The use of these low-cost raw materials has the potential to reduce PHA production costs, because the raw material costs contribute a significant part of production costs in traditional PHA production processes.
authors: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, COPPE, Chemical Engineering Program, Caixa Postal 68502, 21941-972 Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil. leda@peq.coppe.ufrj.br
authors: Leda R
authors: LR
authors: Castilho
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Mitchell
authors: Denise M G
authors: DM
authors: Freire
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D005740:Gases; D008965:Molasses; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D054813:Polyhydroxyalkanoates / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry; D013395:Sucrose / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D011091:Polyesters; D054813:Polyhydroxyalkanoates; D011108:Polymers; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013395:Sucrose; D002244:Carbon; C007916:hemicellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D013213:Starch