title: Impaired fibrinolytic and blunted nitric oxide response to phlebotomy in cigarette smoking healthy blood donors.
abstract: This study was designed to investigate the effects of smoking on endothelial function in 88 healthy blood donors: 48 smokers and 40 non-smokers. Two markers of endothelial dysfunction, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels, were measured at baseline and after phlebotomy. It has been proposed that phlebotomy acutely activates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, thereby activating endothelial activity and increasing PAI-1 and NO expression. At baseline there were no significant differences between smokers and non-smokers in terms of PAI-1 expression and NO levels. After phlebotomy, both PAI-1 and NO levels were significantly increased in both groups. The increase in PAI-1 was more pronounced in smokers and the increase in NO was more pronounced in non-smokers. These findings suggest that smoking causes endothelial dysfunction, even in healthy smokers, which may remain silent until a clinically evident disorder develops.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine, Harran University School of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey. buyukhatipoglu@gmail.com
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Buyukhatipoglu
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Tiryaki
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Usalan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001782:Blood Donors; D005260:Female; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000502:physiology*; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D018962:Phlebotomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D012083:Renin