Increased prevalence of autoimmunity in patients with white spot syndromes and their family members.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether there is an increased prevalence of systemic autoimmune diseases in both patients with white spot syndromes (WSS) and their family members.


METHODS
Patients with WSS at participating institutions were asked to complete a questionnaire reporting their own medical histories as well as any autoimmune diseases among their first- and second-degree relatives.


RESULTS
As of January 1, 2008, 114 questionnaires had been collected, providing medical histories of 114 patients with WSS and 1098 family members. The number of patients with WSS with self-reported systemic autoimmune diseases was 26 (23%). Of 1098 relatives, 106 (10%) had at least 1 autoimmune disease. Systemic autoimmunity was more prevalent in female relatives (13%) as compared with male relatives (6%). In addition, the prevalence of autoimmunity was significantly higher among first-degree relatives (13%) than second-degree relatives (8%). Patients who themselves had systemic autoimmune diseases showed a greater prevalence of systemic autoimmunity among their families as compared with the families of patients without systemic autoimmune diseases.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data indicate that there is an increased prevalence of systemic autoimmunity in both patients with WSS and their first- and second-degree relatives. This suggests that WSS occur in families with inherited immune dysregulation that predisposes to autoimmunity.
Pearlman
Robert B
RB
Department of Ophthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Golchet
Pamela R
PR
Feldmann
Marni G
MG
Yannuzzi
Lawrence A
LA
Cooney
Michael J
MJ
Thorne
Jennifer E
JE
Folk
James C
JC
Ryan
Edwin H
EH
Agarwal
Anita
A
Barnes
Kathleen C
KC
Becker
Kevin G
KG
Jampol
Lee M
LM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000235:genetics*; D002825:Chorioretinitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013577:Syndrome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult