title: Production of bacteriocins by Streptococcus bovis strains from Australian ruminants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the prevalence of bacteriocin production in Streptococcus bovis isolates from Australian ruminants and the feasibility of industrial production of bacteriocin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Streptococcus bovis strains were tested for production of bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLIS) by antagonism assay against Lactococcus lactis. BLIS production was associated with source animal location (i.e. proximity of other bacteriocin-positive source animals) rather than ruminant species/breed or diet. One bacteriocin showing strong inhibitory activity (Sb15) was isolated and examined. Protein sequence, stability and activity spectrum of this bovicin were very similar to bovicin HC5. Production could be increased through serial culturing, and increased productivity could be partially maintained during cold storage of cultures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BLIS production is geographically widely distributed in Eastern Australia, and it appears that the bacteriocin(+) trait is maintained in animals at the same location. The HC5-like bacteriocin, originally identified in North America, is also found in Australia. Production of bacteriocin can be increased through serial culturing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HC5-like bacteriocins appear to have a broad global distribution. Serial culturing may provide a route towards commercial manufacturing for use in industrial applications, and purified bacteriocin from S. bovis Sb15 could potentially be used to prevent food spoilage or as a feed additive to promote growth in ruminant species.
authors.affiliation: Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Joachimsthal
authors.forename: R K H
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ouwerkerk
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Klieve
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Vickers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005843:Geography; D012418:Ruminants / Q000382:microbiology*; D016985:Streptococcus bovis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001430:Bacteriocins; C514465:bovicin HC5, Streptococcus bovis HC5