title: Community beliefs about treatments and outcomes of mental disorders: a mental health literacy survey in a rural area of Maharashtra, India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Mental health remains a neglected issue in most developing countries, especially in rural areas where access to effective mental health services is limited. The integration of mental health into primary health care is being promoted as a strategy to address this problem. Consequently, there is an urgent need to enhance mental health awareness among communities, and to provide mental health training for primary healthcare staff. In order to do this effectively, it is important to understand and take account of local views on mental health and illness. As such, a mental health literacy (MHL) assessment was undertaken in a poor, rural area of Maharashtra, India to inform the development of a mental health training programme.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional MHL survey was undertaken in late 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from 240 systematically sampled community members and 60 purposively sampled village health workers (VHWs) using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Participants were presented with two vignettes describing people experiencing symptoms of mental disorders (depression, psychosis), and were asked to name the problems, and to identify the treatments and people that were most likely to be helpful (or otherwise), and the likely outcomes for people with such problems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most participants recognized that the people in the vignettes were experiencing a mental health problem. 'Depression' was the most common label for the problems experienced in the depression vignette, and 'a mind/brain problem' was the most common label in the case of the psychosis vignette. Socio-economic interventions provided by family, friends and neighbours were considered to be most helpful. Local VHWs and doctors were also viewed as potentially helpful, but psychiatrists less so. Approximately half of the sample thought that dealing with the problem alone would be helpful. Special diets, tonics, appetite stimulants and sleeping pills were also strongly endorsed, but awareness of psychiatric medications was negligible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings from this study highlight the need to enhance MHL in this community. Additionally, there is a need to build the capacity of the primary healthcare staff, including the VHWs, so that they are equipped to provide an effective local response for people experiencing mental health problems.
authors.affiliation: Nossal Institute for Global Health, University of Melbourne, Alan Gilbert Building, Carlton, Victoria 3010, Australia. mkermode@unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kermode
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arole
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Joag
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Jorm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011639:Public Opinion; D012424:Rural Population; D016896:Treatment Outcome