title: Clinical survey: patterns of utilization of lumbar epidural steroid injections by a cohort of spinal surgeons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are few data on responses to conservative therapy in the management of lumbar degenerative diseases. To understand the use of epidural steroid injections (ESIs) by spine surgeons in the treatment of 2 distinct lumbar spinal conditions-herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) and degenerative disk disease (DDD)-a survey of orthopedic and neurosurgical spine surgeons was conducted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were surveyed via posting of a survey on a commercially maintained Web site. Respondents were queried on individual preferences regarding epidural steroid injections for HNP and DDD.
  
  
  METHODS
  N/A.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey was completed by 61 surgeons; not all surgeons completed the entire survey. There was equal representation between orthopedic and neurosurgical spine surgeons; most surgeons reported being in practice for greater than 10 years (41%) and most surgeons reported completing between either 50 and 100 or 100 and 200 spine surgeries each year (26% and 31%).
  
  
  METHODS
  Results were tabulated and assessed for variance. Both individual responses to the different ESI treatment protocols offered and difference in use of lumbar epidural steroids between diagnoses were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In treatment of lumbar HNP, the majority of respondents considered ESIs after 6 weeks of noninterventional care (69%). In lumbar DDD, there was no consensus as to overall use, timing, number of ESIs constituting a treatment regimen, number of treatment cycles recommended, and length of treatment before considering other intervention. In comparing treatment of lumbar HNP or DDD, there was no agreement with regard to timing of ESIs, with regard to duration of treatment, nor with regard to number of injections comprising a treatment regimen (kappa = -0.01, 0.03, and -0.02, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No consensus was found as to timing, frequency, and duration of ESI treatment in lumbar HNP and DDD patients in a survey of practicing spine surgeons. These results illustrate one example of lack of consensus in conservative treatment protocols.
authors.affiliation: Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lebude
authors.forename: Dajie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Harrop
authors.forename: Mitchel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maltenfort
authors.forename: D Greg
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Alexander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Vaccaro
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ratliff
mesh_terms: D003625:Data Collection; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D020407:Internet; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D009985:Orthopedics; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D013256:Steroids / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids