title: Measurement of extravascular lung water using the single indicator method in patients: research and potential clinical value.
abstract: Extravascular lung water includes all of the fluid within the lung but outside of the vasculature. Lung water increases as a result of increased hydrostatic vascular pressure or from an increase in lung endothelial and epithelial permeability or both. Experimentally, extravascular lung water has been measured gravimetrically. Clinically, the chest radiograph is used to determine whether extravascular lung water is present but is an insensitive instrument for determining the quantity of lung water. Bedside measurement of extravascular lung water in patients is now possible using a single indicator thermodilution method. This review critically evaluates the experimental and clinical evidence supporting the potential value of measuring extravascular lung water in patients using the single indicator method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Univ. of California-San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. lisa.brown@ucsfmedctr.org
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Kathleen D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Matthay
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D015633:Extravascular Lung Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D013815:Thermodilution / Q000379:methods*