title: [Endoscopic image of "black esophagus"--case report].
abstract: "Black esophagus" is a typical endoscopic manifestation of acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), a rare disease. The etiology of disease is still unclear and complicated. As a serious risk factor is responsible for a high mortality. Endoscopic black pigmentation of esophageal mucosa mainly in the distal part of esophagus is observed with histological confirmed necrotic lesions of mucosa and submucosa. The gastrointestinal bleedings are the most frequent clinical manifestation of AEN. The disease mostly affects the elderly people with poor general health status having many co-morbid conditions. The condition is often preceded by hemodynamic problems and symptoms of gastro-esophageal reflux. The case of 87-year-old female is presented with many risk factors. Her general health state was poor and endoscopic image of "black esophagus" was found during urgent endoscopy performed for the reason of gastrointestinal bleeding and hemodynamic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy First Department of Internal Diseases and Gastroenterology, Provincial Integrated Hospital in Elblag. marcuswp@wp.pl
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pastuszak
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Groszewski
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D009336:Necrosis