title: Multiple biomarkers and their relative contributions to identifying metabolic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several biological markers have been identified as risk factors for cardiovascular disease and are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome. We thus compared biomarkers and their association with metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the white blood cell count, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), homocysteine, cystatin C, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and uric acid levels in 4624 adults without a medical history of cardiovascular disease. Metabolic syndrome was defined using criteria from the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HOMA-IR and GGT were most strongly correlated with metabolic syndrome. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was highest for the HOMA-IR (0.773, 95% CI: 0.755-0.791 [men]; 0.792, 95% CI: 0.775-0.808 [women]) and the GGT (0.687, 95% CI: 0.667-0.706 [men]; 0.721, 95% CI: 0.703-0.739 [women]) in AHA/NHLBI criteria. The best cut-off value of HOMA-IR and GGT for identifying metabolic syndrome was (1.22, 30 IU/l [men], 1.28, 15 IU/l [women]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HOMA-IR and GGT are most strongly associated with metabolic syndrome, suggesting that theses biomarkers may contribute to identifying metabolic syndrome more than other factors.
authors.affiliation: Center for Obesity, Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Family Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, 602-739, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Gyu
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sangyeoup
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hong Ki
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Byung Mann
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yun Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Hyun Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ji Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000572:American Heart Association; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D054555:National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U.S.); D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers