title: Proteomic profiling of liver from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed genetically modified soy compared to the near-isogenic non-GM line.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate potential differences in liver protein expression of Atlantic salmon fed genetically modified (GM) Roundup Ready soy at a high inclusion level (25% inclusion, constituting 21% of crude protein in the diet) for 7 months or a compositionally similar non-GM diet. The liver was selected as the target organ due to its importance in the general metabolism, and 2D gel electrophoresis used as a screening tool. Samples from 12 individual fish from each diet group were evaluated. Of a total of 781 analysed protein spots, only 36 were significantly different by ANOVA (p < 0.05) in abundance between the diet groups. All these spots had low fold differences (1.2-1.6) and high false discovery rate (q = 0.44), indicating minor differences in liver protein synthesis between fish fed GM and non-GM soy. Additionally, low fold differences were observed. Four protein spots were analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and identified using a combination of online searches in NCBI and searches in an inhouse database containing salmonid expressed sequence tags and contigs. Follow-up on these proteins by real-time polymerase chain reaction did not identify differences at the transcriptional level.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Seafood and Nutrition Research (NIFES), Postboks 2029, Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway. nsi@nifes.no
authors.forename: Nini H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Sissener
authors.forename: Samuel A M
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cash
authors.forename: Ernst M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Hevrøy
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanden
authors.forename: Gro-Ingunn
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Hemre
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D002149:Energy Intake; D030841:Food, Genetically Modified; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D040901:Proteomics; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000378:metabolism*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics*