title: Anti-VEGF single-chain antibody GLAF-1 encoded by oncolytic vaccinia virus significantly enhances antitumor therapy.
abstract: We previously reported that the replication-competent vaccinia virus (VACV) GLV-1h68 shows remarkable oncolytic activity and efficacy in different animal models as a single treatment modality and also in combination with chemotherapy [Yu YA, et al. (2009) Mol Cancer Ther 8:141-151]. Here, we report the construction of 3 VACV strains encoding GLAF-1, a previously undescribed engineered single-chain antibody (scAb). This unique scAb is transcribed from 3 vaccinia promoters (synthetic early, early/late, and late) and directed against both human and murine VEGFs. The expression of GLAF-1 was demonstrated in cell cultures. Also, the replication efficiency of all GLAF-1-expressing VACV strains in cell culture was similar to that of the parental GLV-1h68 virus. Successful tumor-specific delivery and continued production of functional scAb derived from individual VACV strains were obtained in tumor xenografts following a single intravenous injection of the virus. The VACV strains expressing the scAb exhibited significantly enhanced therapeutic efficacy in comparison to treatment of human tumor xenografts with the parental virus GLV-1h68. This enhanced efficacy was comparable to the concomitant treatment of tumors with a one-time i.v. injection of GLV-1h68 and multiple i.p. injections of Avastin. Taken together, the VACV-mediated delivery and production of immunotherapeutic anti-VEGF scAb in colonized tumors may open the way for a unique therapy concept: tumor-specific, locally amplified drug therapy in humans.
authors.affiliation: Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, San Diego, CA 92109, USA.
authors.forename: Alexa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frentzen
authors.forename: Yong A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Nanhai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weibel
authors.forename: Viktoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raab
authors.forename: Aladar A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Szalay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000235:genetics*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply / Q000628:therapy*; D050130:Oncolytic Virotherapy; D050504:Oncolytic Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000068258:Bevacizumab