Propyl gallate inhibits the growth of HeLa cells via regulating intracellular GSH level.
Propyl gallate (PG) as a synthetic antioxidant exerts a variety of effects on tissue and cells. Here, we investigated an involvement of glutathione (GSH) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PG-induced inhibition of HeLa cell growth. PG dose-dependently inhibited HeLa cell growth and induced apoptosis at 24h. The intracellular ROS levels including O(2)(-) were increased or decreased in PG-treated HeLa cells depending on the incubation times (1 or 24h) and doses (100-1600 microM). PG increased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase in HeLa cells. PG significantly increased GSH depleted cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Treatment with 2 mM N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC; a well known antioxidant) slightly prevented 400 microM PG-induced cell death, which was accompanied by an increase in ROS level and a decrease in GSH depletion level. PG induced a G1 phase arrest of the cell cycle. NAC did not affect the cell cycle distributions in PG treated- or untreated-HeLa cells. Conclusively, PG inhibited the growth of HeLa cells via regulating GSH level rather than ROS level. Our present data could provide useful information on the molecular anti-growth mechanisms of PG in cancer cells in relation to ROS and GSH level.
Han
Yong Hwan
YH
Department of Physiology, Medical School, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University, JeonJu 561-180, Republic of Korea.
Park
Woo Hyun
WH
D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D011435:Propyl Gallate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011435:Propyl Gallate; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D000111:Acetylcysteine