title: pT1 penile squamous cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study of 56 cases treated by CO2 laser therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the pathologic characteristics that are associated with outcomes in pT1 penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) treated with laser excision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peniscopic magnification and 5% acetic acid application were performed prior to CO2 laser excision. Specimens were reviewed to reassess stage, grade, invasion depth, carcinoma in situ, margins, tumor extension, lymphovascular invasion and human papillomavirus infection. Association between local recurrence (LR) and prognostic factors was established with Fisher exact test, chi2 test for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 66 months, 53 of 56 patients were alive and disease free; 3 died of unrelated and intercurrent diseases. Thirteen had an LR, with 4 experiencing multiple recurrences and 1 needing a partial amputation. Two patients had inguinal nodal metastasis in 1 node. LR had a positive correlation with positive surgical margins and depth of invasion and a negative correlation with tumor extension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histopathologic parameters such as margin status, depth of invasion and tumor extension are predictors of LR in T1 penile SCC treated by CO2 laser excision. A logistic model could estimate each patient's risk of LR.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pathology, Unit of Urology, Day Surgery, Foundation IRCCS National Institute of Tumors; and Laboratory for Modeling and Scientific Computing MOX, Department of Mathematics, Milan Polytechnic, Milan, Italy. maurizio.colecchia@istitutotumori.mi.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colecchia
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nicolai
authors.forename: Piercesare
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Secchi
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bandieramonte
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paganoni
authors.forename: Laura Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sangalli
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pizzocaro
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salvioni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D054020:Lasers, Gas / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*