title: A brainstem paraneoplastic syndrome associated with prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paraneoplastic syndromes are seldom observed with prostate cancer. A rare paraneoplastic brainstem syndrome associated with prostate cancer is described, and the presence of antineuronal antibodies with this syndrome is demonstrated for the first time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral centre for neurological disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  This 59-year-old man developed ophthalmoplegia, dysarthria, dysphagia, pruritus, ataxia, corticobulbar and corticospinal signs in association with prostate cancer. The disorder was unaffected by treatment of the underlying malignancy, but responded initially to high-dose corticosteroid administration and intravenous immunoglobulins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antibody to intracellular neuronal antigens was demonstrated in both the serum and the cerebrospinal fluid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This unique paraneoplastic syndrome chiefly affecting the brainstem may be a diagnostic clue to the presence of unsuspected prostate adenocarcinoma. Further studies will be required to determine the precise antigenic target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Kentucky Clinic L-445, 740 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA. jrbneuro@uky.edu
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bensalem
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dalmau
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies; D020295:Brain Stem Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020361:Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous