title: Hydrolyzed guar gum decreases postprandial blood glucose and glucose absorption in the rat small intestine.
abstract: We hypothesized that infusing partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) into the duodenum would reduce increases in postprandial plasma glucose by decreasing the rate of glucose diffusion from the small intestine luminal digesta of the rat. The postprandial plasma glucose and apparent glucose disappearance from the small intestine were measured after infusing artificial digesta containing 0 (control), 3.0, or 6.0 g/L PHGG into the duodenum via a cannula under anesthesia in experiments 1 and 2. The diffusion of glucose in the artificial digesta was estimated using dialysis tubing, filled with the same artificial digesta, soaked in a buffer in experiment 3. In experiment 1, the plasma glucose concentration was lower in the digesta containing 3.0 and 6.0 g/L PHGG than in the control digesta at 120 minutes (P < .05). The plasma insulin concentration was lower for the digesta containing 6.0 g/L PHGG than for the control digesta at 60 minutes (P < .05) and lower for the digesta containing 6.0 g/L PHGG than for that containing 3.0 g/L PHGG at 120 minutes (P < .05).The area under the curve of plasma glucose and insulin (experiment 1), apparent disappearance of glucose in the lumen of the small intestine (experiment 2), and net disappearance of glucose in the dialysis tube depended negatively on the viscosity of the artificial digesta (P < .05, .05, .001, and .05), which was increased by adding PHGG. Therefore, PHGG can decrease the postprandial blood glucose by lowering the rate of absorption from the small intestine in the rat by reducing the diffusion of glucose in the lumen.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Human Life Science, Mimasaka University, Tsuyama, Okayama 708 8511, Japan. takahashitoru71@nifty.com
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokawa
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.forename: Djong-Chi
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nishigaki
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Lekh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Raj Juneja
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D004058:Diffusion / Q000187:drug effects; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D005503:Food Additives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005685:Galactans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism*; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014783:Viscosity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005503:Food Additives; D005685:Galactans; D007328:Insulin; D008351:Mannans; D053149:Plant Gums; C007894:guar gum; D005947:Glucose