title: A treatment schedule of conventional physical therapy provided to enhance upper limb sensorimotor recovery after stroke: expert criterion validity and intra-rater reliability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inadequate description of treatment hampers progress in stroke rehabilitation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a valid, reliable, standardised treatment schedule of conventional physical therapy provided for the paretic upper limb after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven neurophysiotherapists participated in the established methodology: semi-structured interviews, focus groups and piloting a draft treatment schedule in clinical practice. Different physiotherapists (n=13) used the treatment schedule to record treatment given to stroke patients with mild, moderate and severe upper limb paresis. Rating of adequacy of the treatment schedule was made using a visual analogue scale (0 to 100mm). Mean (95% confidence interval) visual analogue scores were calculated (expert criterion validity). For intra-rater reliability, each physiotherapist observed a video tape of their treatment and immediately completed a treatment schedule recording form on two separate occasions, 4 to 6 weeks apart. The Kappa statistic was calculated for intra-rater reliability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The treatment schedule consists of a one-page A4 recording form and a user booklet, detailing 50 treatment activities. Expert criterion validity was 79 (95% confidence interval 74 to 84). Intra-rater Kappa was 0.81 (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This treatment schedule can be used to document conventional physical therapy in subsequent clinical trials in the geographical area of its development. Further work is needed to investigate generalisability beyond this geographical area.
authors.affiliation: St George's University of London, Geriatric Medicine, Cramer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: Raymond C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Tallis
authors.forename: Valerie M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Pomeroy
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010291:Paresis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*