title: Purinergic modulation in the development of the rat uncrossed retinotectal pathway.
abstract: Adenosine is a neuromodulator implicated in nervous system development and plasticity and its effects are mediated by inhibitory (A(1), A(3)) and excitatory (A(2a), A(2b)) receptors. The role of adenosine in the synaptic activity depends mainly on a balanced activation of A(1) and A(2a) receptors which are activated by various ranges of adenosine concentrations. Herein, we investigated the expression of A(1) and A(2a) receptors and also the accumulation of cAMP in the superior colliculus at different stages of development. Furthermore, we examined the effects of an acute in vivo blockade of adenosine deaminase during the critical period when the elimination of misplaced axons/terminals takes place with a simultaneous fine tuning of terminal arbors into appropriate terminal zones. Lister Hooded rats ranging from postnatal days (PND) 0-70 were used for ontogeny studies. Our results indicate that A(1) expression in the visual layers of the superior colliculus is higher until PND 28, while A(2a) expression increases after PND 28 in a complementary developmental pattern. Accordingly, the incubation of collicular slices with 5'-N-ethylcarboxamido-adenosine, a non-specific adenosine receptor agonist, showed a significant reduction in cAMP accumulation at PND 14 and an increase in adults. For the anatomical studies, the uncrossed retinotectal projections were traced after the intraocular injection of horseradish peroxidase. One group received daily injections of an adenosine deaminase inhibitor (erythro-9(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl adenine), 10 mg/kg i.p.) between PND 10 and 13, while control groups were treated with vehicle injections (NaCl 0.9%, i.p.). We found that a short-term blockade of adenosine deaminase during the second postnatal week induced an expansion of retinotectal terminal fields in the rostrocaudal axis of the tectum. Taken together, the results suggest that a balance of purinergic A(1) and A(2a) receptors through cAMP signaling plays a pivotal role during the development of topographic order in the retinotectal pathway.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Neurociências, Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Tavares Gomes
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliveira-Silva
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Marques Ventura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paes-De-Carvalho
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Serfaty
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Campello-Costa
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D058907:Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; D058908:Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D019830:Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide) / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002491:Central Nervous System Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D056325:Neuronal Tract-Tracers; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D043682:Receptor, Adenosine A1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A / Q000378:metabolism*; D012160:Retina / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D058907:Adenosine A1 Receptor Agonists; D058908:Adenosine A2 Receptor Agonists; D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D002491:Central Nervous System Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D056325:Neuronal Tract-Tracers; D043682:Receptor, Adenosine A1; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A; D019830:Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide); C010192:9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D000225:Adenine