Adult Brugia malayi approximately 34 kDa (BMT-5) antigen offers Th1 mediated significant protection against infective larval challenge in Mastomys coucha.
We earlier reported a sizeable protection conferred by 'mitochondria rich' (MT) fraction of adult B. malayi and the present study was planned to locate the candidate protective molecule/s in the active fraction. The MT fraction was subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and the antigen bands showing strong immune-reactivity with the resistant mastomys sera were assayed for their lymphoproliferative response using splenocytes of protected animals. Of the eight such protein bands, one sub fraction with a molecular weight of approximately 34 kDa (BMT-5) produced utmost cellular proliferation and was therefore exploited for vaccination study. BMT-5 emulsified in Freund's adjuvant produced discernible protection causing 69 and 67% reductions in microfilaraemia and adult worm burden respectively along with sterilization of 68% of the recovered female parasites. Significant levels of filaria-specific and non-specific lymphoproliferation along with enhanced release of Th1 cytokines (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-2) by splenocytes were observed in the vaccinated mastomys in addition to elevated levels of antigen-specific IgG, IgG2a, IgG2b and IgA. The peritoneal macrophages of immunized animals also revealed enhanced nitric oxide production in the presence of BMT-5. The findings suggest that approximately 34 kDa (BMT-5) molecules present in the MT fraction of adult B. malayi provided sizeable protection against infective larval challenge by generating a Th1 biased milieu in the host.
Shakya
Shilpy
S
Division of Parasitology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India.
Singh
Prashant Kumar
PK
Kushwaha
Susheela
S
Misra-Bhattacharya
Shailja
S
D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D017178:Brugia malayi / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005368:Filariasis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007814:Larva / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D051189:Murinae / Q000469:parasitology*; D012376:Rodent Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination
D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D016207:Cytokines