title: Midregional pro-adrenomedullin in addition to b-type natriuretic peptides in the risk stratification of patients with acute dyspnea: an observational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The identification of patients at highest risk for adverse outcome who are presenting with acute dyspnea to the emergency department remains a challenge. This study investigates the prognostic value of the newly described midregional fragment of the pro-Adrenomedullin molecule (MR-proADM) alone and combined to B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) in patients with acute dyspnea.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective, observational cohort study in the emergency department of a University Hospital and enrolled 287 unselected, consecutive patients (48% women, median age 77 (range 68 to 83) years) with acute dyspnea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MR-proADM levels were elevated in non-survivors (n = 77) compared to survivors (median 1.9 (1.2 to 3.2) nmol/L vs. 1.1 (0.8 to 1.6) nmol/L; P < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to predict 30-day mortality were 0.81 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.90), 0.76 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.84) and 0.63 (95% CI 0.53 to 0.74) for MR-proADM, NT-proBNP and BNP, respectively (MRproADM vs. NTproBNP P = 0.38; MRproADM vs. BNP P = 0.009). For one-year mortality the AUC were 0.75 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.81), 0.75 (95% CI 0.68 to 0.81), 0.69 (95% CI 0.62 to 0.76) for MR-proADM, NT-proBNP and BNP, respectively without any significant difference. Using multivariate linear regression analysis, MR-proADM strongly predicted one-year all-cause mortality independently of NT-proBNP and BNP levels (OR = 10.46 (1.36 to 80.50), P = 0.02 and OR = 24.86 (3.87 to 159.80) P = 0.001, respectively). Using quartile approaches, Kaplan-Meier curve analyses demonstrated a stepwise increase in one-year all-cause mortality with increasing plasma levels (P < 0.0001). Combined levels of MR-proADM and NT-proBNP did risk stratify acute dyspneic patients into a low (90% one-year survival rate), intermediate (72 to 82% one-year survival rate) or high risk group (52% one-year survival rate).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR-proADM alone or combined to NT-proBNP has a potential to assist clinicians in risk stratifying patients presenting with acute dyspnea regardless of the underlying disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Petersgraben 4, 4031 Basel, Switzerland. potockim@uhbs.ch
authors.forename: Mihael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Potocki
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Breidthardt
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reichlin
authors.forename: Nils G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Morgenthaler
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noveanu
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schaub
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uthoff
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Freidank
authors.forename: Lorenz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buser
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bingisser
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christ
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mebazaa
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D053607:Adrenomedullin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D053607:Adrenomedullin