title: Metadoxine, an ion-pair of pyridoxine and L-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate, blocks adipocyte differentiation in association with inhibition of the PKA-CREB pathway.
abstract: Adipogenesis is orchestrated by the expression of master adipogenic regulators. In particular, phosphorylation of cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) by protein kinase A promotes CREB nuclear translocation, thereby inducing expression of the adipogenic regulators and resulting in adipogenic maturation. Although metadoxine, an ion-pair of pyridoxine and l-2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylate, has been shown to inhibit lipid accumulation in the liver, its effect on adipocyte differentiation has never been explored. This study investigated the effects of metadoxine on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and the molecular mechanism. Metadoxine treatment did not inhibit mitotic clonal expansion, but inhibited late-stage cell differentiation, suggesting that metadoxine may block the differentiation step of preadipocytes. Metadoxine inhibited CREB phosphorylation and binding to the cAMP response element, thereby repressing CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta during hormone-induced adipogenesis. Overall, metadoxine inhibits adipogenic differentiation in association with the inhibition of CREB/cAMP response element-dependent CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta induction in the protein kinase A-CREB pathway.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Sillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Mee
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hyun Eun
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ki
authors.forename: Sang Geon
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000737:chemistry; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D008156:Luciferases; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; C037845:metadoxine; C028537:2-pyrrolidone; D011736:Pyridoxine; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid