title: Triphenyltin(IV) 2-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyl]benzoates as anticancer drugs: synthesis, structural characterization, in vitro cytotoxicity and study of its influence towards the mechanistic role of some key enzymes.
abstract: Triphenyltin(IV) complexes of composition [Ph(3)SnL(1)H](n) (1) and [Ph(3)SnL(2)H](n) (2) (where L(1)H = 2-[(E)-2-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-diazenyl]benzoate and L(2)H = 2-[(E)-2-(4-Hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-1-diazenyl]benzoate) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic ((1)H, (13)C and (119)Sn NMR, IR, (119)Sn Mössbauer) techniques in combination with elemental analysis. The molecular structures and geometries of the complexes (1 and 2) were fully optimized using the quantum mechanical method (PM3). Complexes (1 and 2) were found to exhibit stronger cytotoxic activity in vitro across a panel of human tumour cell lines viz., A498, EVSA-T, H226, IGROV, M19 MEL, MCF-7 and WIDR. The test compounds 1 and 2 exhibit comparable results and both the compounds are found to be far superior to CCDP (cisplatin), 5-FU (5-fluorouracil) and ETO (etoposide) across a panel of cell lines and the activity is more pronounced for the A498 (22 fold) and H226 (33 fold) cell lines compared to CCDP, and A498 (13 fold), H226 (39 fold) and MCF-7 (33 fold) cell lines compared to ETO. The test compounds are even 23 fold more active in magnitude in terms of the ID(50) value at least against the H226 cell lines when compared with MTX (methotrexate). Further, the mechanistic role of cytotoxic activity of test compounds (1 and 2), are discussed in relations to the theoretical results of docking studies with some of the key enzymes such as ribonucleotide reductase, thymidylate synthase, thymidylate phosphorylase and topoisomerase II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, NEHU Permanent Campus, Umshing, Shillong 793 022, India. basubaul@nehu.ac.in
authors.forename: Tushar S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Basu Baul
authors.forename: Anup
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pellerito
authors.forename: Michelangelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scopelliti
authors.forename: Palwinder
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Pooja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Dick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Vos
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011789:Quantum Theory; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D013816:Thermodynamics; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009947:Organotin Compounds; C030665:triphenyltin; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase