title: Influence of priming agents on the short-term bond strength of an indirect composite veneering material to zirconium dioxide ceramic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Indirect composites are promising alternatives as veneering materials for zirconium dioxide (zirconia) ceramic frameworks. This study evaluated the effects of priming agents and a high-flow bonding agent on the short-term bond of an indirect composite material to a zirconia framework material.
  
  
  METHODS
  Indirect composite (Estenia C and B) was bonded to particle-abraded zirconia samples (Katana, n = 144) using no (control) or 1 of 8 priming agents: All Bond 2 Primer B (ABB), Alloy Primer (ALP), Clearfil Ceramic Primer (CCP), Clearfil Photo Bond (CPB), Clearfil Photo Bond with Clearfil Porcelain Bond Activator (CPB+Activator), Estenia Opaque Primer (EOP), Porcelain Liner M Liquid A (PLA), and V-Primer (VPR) with or without a high-flow bonding agent (Estenia C and B Opaque). Shear bond strength was tested after 24-hour wet storage. Data were analyzed with Levene test for equality of variance, Dunnett T3 multiple comparison, and Mann-Whitney U test (P = .05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean bond strengths without the high-flow bonding agent application varied from 0.1 to 13.6 MPa, whereas bond strengths with bonding agent application ranged from 0.1 to 24.2 MPa. CPB+Activator (containing phosphate MDP and silane) and CPB (containing MDP) revealed the significantly highest bond strength among the 9 groups without high-flow bonding agent application (P < .05). Application of the high-flow bonding agent significantly increased bond strengths (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primers containing either the functional phosphate monomer MDP or an MDP-silane combination provide superior resin bonds of Estenia C and B composite to Katana zirconia. An intermediate high-flow bonding agent further improves the bond between these materials.
authors.affiliation: Major in Fixed Prosthodontics, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Futoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Komine
authors.forename: Markus B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Blatz
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumura
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates; D011897:Random Allocation; D033081:Shear Strength; D012821:Silanes; D013871:Thiones; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D003188:Composite Resins; C521708:Estenia Opaque Primer; D008689:Methacrylates; D012821:Silanes; D013871:Thiones; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C069749:methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide