title: Human immature dental pulp stem cells share key characteristic features with limbal stem cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Limbal stem cells (LSC) are self-renewing, highly proliferative cells in vitro, which express a set of specific markers and in vivo have the capacity to reconstruct the entire corneal epithelium in cases of ocular surface injury. Currently, LSC transplantation is a commonly used procedure in patients with either uni- or bilateral total limbal stem cells deficiency (TLSCD). Although LSC transplantation holds great promise for patients, several problems need to be overcome. In order to find an alternative source of cells that can partially substitute LSC in cornea epithelium reconstruction, we aimed at investigating whether human immature dental pulp stem cells (hIDPSC) would present similar key characteristics as LSC and whether they could be used for corneal surface reconstruction in a rabbit TLSCD model.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used hIDPSC, which co-express mesenchymal and embryonic stem cell markers and present the capacity to differentiate into derivative cells of the three germinal layers. TLSCD was induced by chemical burn in one eye of rabbits. After 30 days, the opaque tissue formed was removed by superficial keratectomy. Experimental group received undifferentiated hIDPSC, while control group only received amniotic membrane (AM). Both groups were sacrificed after 3 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have demonstrated, using immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, that hIDPSCs express markers in common with LSC, such as ABCG2, integrin beta1, vimentin, p63, connexin 43 and cytokeratins 3/12. They were also capable of reconstructing the eye surface after induction of unilateral TLSCD in rabbits, as shown by morphological and immunohistochemical analysis using human-specific antibodies against limbal and corneal epithelium. Our data suggest that hIDPSCs share similar characteristics with LSC and might be used as a potential alternative source of cells for corneal reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Laboratory, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Serafim
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.forename: M C P
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Lizier
authors.forename: C M C
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Maranduba
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kerkis
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cerruti
authors.forename: J A P
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kerkis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002057:Burns, Chemical / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003315:Cornea / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology*; D005126:Eye Burns / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers