title: Peripheral T-lymphocyte subpopulations in different clinical stages of chronic HBV infection correlate with HBV load.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the peripheral T-cell subpopulation profiles and their correlation with hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in different clinical stages of chronic HBV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 422 patients with chronic HBV infection were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into three stages: immune-tolerant stage, immune active stage, and immune-inactive carrier stage. Composition of peripheral T-cell subpopulations was determined by flow cytometry. HBV markers were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serum HBV DNA load was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD8(+) T-cells were significantly higher in patients at the immune-tolerant stage than in patients at the immune-active and -inactive carrier stages (36.87 +/- 7.58 vs 34.37 +/- 9.07, 36.87 +/- 7.58 vs 28.09 +/- 5.64, P < 0.001). The peripheral blood in patients at the immune-tolerant and immune active stages contained more CD8(+) T-cells than CD4(+) T-cells (36.87 +/- 7.58 vs 30.23 +/- 6.35, 34.37 +/- 9.07 vs 30.92 +/- 7.40, P < 0.01), whereas the peripheral blood in patients at the immune-inactive carrier stage and in normal controls contained less CD8(+) T-cells than CD4(+) T-cells (28.09 +/- 5.64 vs 36.85 +/- 6.06, 24.02 +/- 4.35 vs 38.94 +/- 3.39, P < 0.01). ANOVA linear trend test showed that CD8(+) T-cells were significantly increased in patients with a high viral load (39.41 +/- 7.36, 33.83 +/- 7.50, 31.81 +/- 5.95 and 26.89 +/- 5.71, P < 0.001), while CD4(+) T-cells were significantly increased in patients with a low HBV DNA load (37.45 +/- 6.14, 33.33 +/- 5.61, 31.58 +/- 6.99 and 27.56 +/- 5.49, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis displayed that log copies of HBV DNA still maintained its highly significant coefficients for T-cell subpopulations, and was the strongest predictors for variations in CD3(+), CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio after adjustment for age at HBV-infection, maternal HBV-infection status, presence of hepatitis B e antigen and HBV mutation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in peripheral T-cell subpopulation profiles can be found in different clinical stages of chronic HBV infection. T-cell impairment is significantly associated with HBV load.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan Province, China. jingyoukm@126.com
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Yi-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hutcha
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sriplung
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geater
authors.forename: Virasakdi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chongsuvivatwong
authors.forename: Teerha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Piratvisuth
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Bao-Zhang
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Jun-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004279:DNA, Viral