title: Sacral neuromodulation in the treatment of vulvar vestibulitis syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vulvar vestibular syndrome is a chronic pain syndrome that typically results in pain and irritation of the vulvar vestibule and has few effective options for treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 42-year-old woman presented with symptoms consistent with chronic vulvar vestibular syndrome that was refractory to multiple attempted therapies. The patient was offered sacral neuromodulation for treatment. She underwent a standard two-phase surgical implantation with good result at 2 years postimplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sacral neuromodulation was shown to be a valid treatment option for this patient and resulted in excellent patient satisfaction at 2-year follow-up. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, sacral neuromodulation may be a viable option for the management of chronic pain syndromes of the vulva and vagina.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC.
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Ramsay
authors.forename: Johnnie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots; D054515:Vulvar Vestibulitis / Q000628:therapy*