title: Age and cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with arterial stiffening and left ventricular remodelling.
abstract: Arterial stiffening, hypertension and left ventricular (LV) remodelling are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with cardiovascular function and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. This cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness, arterial stiffness, blood pressure (BP) and LV remodelling in women. On the basis of peak oxygen uptake, a total of 159 premenopausal (young) and postmenopausal (older) women were categorized into either low (unfit) or high (fit) cardiorespiratory fitness groups. The arterial stiffness and LV remodelling were measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and carotid augmentation index (AI) and LV relative wall thickness (RWT). Two-way analysis of variance indicated a significant interaction between age and cardiorespiratory fitness in baPWV, carotid AI, BP and RWT. In the older group, arterial stiffness (baPWV; 1401+/-231 vs 1250+/-125 cm s(-1), P<0.01, AI; 32.9+/-9.9 vs 24.8+/-10.1%, P<0.01), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (130+/-22 vs 117+/-15 mm Hg, P<0.01) and RWT (0.47+/-0.08 vs 0.42+/-0.04, P<0.05) in fit women were lower than in unfit women. In older women, RWT was significantly related to baPWV (r=0.46, P<0.01), carotid AI (r=0.29, P<0.05), SBP (r=0.57, P<0.01) \[V(2peak) (r=-0.32, P<0.05). In young women, they were not significant correlations, except for a weak correlation between RWT and SBP (r=0.21, P<0.05). These results suggest that higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower arterial stiffness, BP and RWT in older women.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gando
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sanada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohmori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyatani
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyachi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001823:Body Composition; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol