title: Demyelinating events in rheumatoid arthritis after drug exposures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the effects of biological drugs on the risk of demyelinating events in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control analyses nested in an administrative database cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initially the risk of demyelinating events appeared to be increased after exposure to anakinra and decreased after exposure to antitumour necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents. However, this apparent differential risk was due to more anakinra use (and avoidance of anti-TNF agents) in persons at high risk for demyelinating events. In individuals not at high risk, the adjusted rate ratio was 1.31 (95% CI 0.68 to 2.50) after exposure to anti-TNF agents and 0.80 (95% CI 0.29 to 2.24) after exposure to anakinra.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When accounting for differential prescription patterns, there was a trend towards more events after exposure to anti-TNF agents. When studying rare but important potential drug associations, pharmacoepidemiological studies are valuable but must be carefully performed.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Jewish General Hospital-Lady Davis Institute, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Sasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernatsky
authors.forename: Christel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Renoux
authors.forename: Samy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suissa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha