title: Dual-energy CTA with bone removal for transcranial arteries: intraindividual comparison with standard CTA without bone removal and TOF-MRA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dual-source computed tomography enables bone removal on computed tomographic angiographic data on the basis of simultaneous dual-energy (DE) acquisition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of this technique for the assessment of transcranial arteries. Therefore, the degree of stenosis of the transcranial arteries on DE computed tomographic angiography (CTA) with bone removal was compared to those on standard CTA and time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).
  
  
  METHODS
  DE-CTA was performed using a dual-source computed tomographic scanner in 50 patients with suspected cerebrovascular disease. From the source images on DE-CTA, data sets with and without bone removal were reconstructed. TOF-MRA was performed on a 1.5-T scanner. Two blinded radiologists evaluated the segments of the internal carotid artery (C2-C7), the vertebral artery (V4), and the basilar artery for degree of stenosis. A five-step scale (0%-49%, 50%-69%, 70%-89%, 90%-99%, and 100% [occlusion]) for degree of stenosis was applied. Wilcoxon's signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The degrees of stenosis on standard CTA were consistent with those on TOF-MRA in all segments. In contrast, DE-CTA showed significantly higher degrees of stenosis compared to standard CTA and TOF-MRA in both C2 segments (P < .001). In addition, DE-CTA revealed a significantly higher degree of stenosis compared to standard CTA and TOF-MRA in the left C4 segment (P < .01 and P < .005, respectively). All other segments showed no significant differences of stenosis among TOF-MRA, DE-CTA, and standard CTA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to TOF-MRA, standard CTA showed similar results. In contrast, DE-CTA revealed significant overestimation of stenosis for segments with close relations to bony structures as well as in calcified stenosis. Consequently, such findings on DE-CTA require confirmation with standard CTA or MRA to eliminate false-positive results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Strasse 33, 48149 Muenster, Germany. buerkeb@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Buerke
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wittkamp
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seifarth
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Heindel
authors.forename: Stephan P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Kloska
mesh_terms: D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D002539:Cerebral Arterial Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*