Efficacy of different iron fortificants in wheat flour in controlling iron deficiency.
OBJECTIVE
To observe the different impacts of electrolytic iron, FeSO4, and NaFeEDTA on body iron store of anemic school students.


METHODS
Four hundreds anemic students at the age of 11-18 years were divided into four groups. Of which, three consumed different iron fortificants from wheat flour as food vehicle for six months and one consumed non-fortified flour (control). The fortification level of electrolytic iron, FeSO4, and NaFeEDTA was 60 mg Fe/kg, 30 mg Fe/kg, and 20 mg Fe/kg, respectively. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 4, and 6 months and hemoglobin (Hb), serum ferritin (SF), and transferrin receptor (TfR) were measured.


RESULTS
The hemoglobin levels in three intervention groups increased, the increments of Hb in the NaFeEDTA group were significantly higher than that in the other groups. SF and TfR levels increased in the tested groups and body iron store in the NaFeEDTA group was higher than that in the other groups. These parameters did not show any significant changes in the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
NaFeEDTA and FeSO4 fortified wheat flour has positive impacts on iron status in anemic students and NaFeEDTA is more effective than FeSO4, while electrolytic iron is less effective in improving iron store in anemic students.
Huang
Jian
J
Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Sun
Jing
J
Li
Wen-Xian
WX
Wang
Li-Juan
LJ
Wang
An-Xu
AX
Huo
Jun-Sheng
JS
Chen
Jun-Shi
JS
Chen
Chun-Ming
CM
D000293:Adolescent; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis*; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D014908:Triticum
D005290:Ferric Compounds; D019266:Iron, Dietary; C024823:ferric sulfate; D004492:Edetic Acid; D007501:Iron; C019179:Fe(III)-EDTA