title: Anterior cruciate ligament rupture secondary to a 'heel hook': a dangerous martial arts technique.
abstract: The 'heel hook' is a type of knee lock used in some forms of martial arts to stress the knee and cause opponent to concede defeat. While the knee is in a flexed and valgus disposition, an internal rotation force is applied to the tibia. Reports are lacking on serious knee trauma as a result of this technique. We report the case of a 32-year-old Mixed Martial Arts exponent who sustained complete anterior cruciate ligament rupture and an medial collateral ligament injury from the use of a 'heel hook'.
authors.affiliation: Sports Surgery Clinic, Santry Demesne, Dublin 9, Ireland. joseph.f.baker@gmail.com
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Devitt
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D016139:Martial Arts / Q000293:injuries*; D012399:Rotation; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous