title: Left ventricular structural and functional changes in the metabolic syndrome.
abstract: To test the hypothesis that the cardiac structural and functional abnormalities of the metabolic syndrome (MS) are independent of body mass index (BMI), 160 untreated patients (aged 47+/-1 years [mean +/- SEM], 53% male) underwent 2-dimensional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging and evaluation for MS. Participants with MS and controls were similar in age, BMI, and ejection fraction, but those with MS had greater left ventricular relative wall thickness (RWT) (0.43+/-0.008 vs 0.39+/-0.005, P<.001), reduced midwall fractional shortening (MFS) (13%+/-0.3% vs 14.2%+/-0.3%, P<.05), and reduced peak mitral annular velocity (Em) (9.9+/-0.5 vs 12.3+/-0.5 cm/sec, P<.01) than controls. There was a linear relationship between the number of features of MS and Em velocity (P<.001), RWT (P<.001), and MFS (P<.05). In a stepwise multiple regression analysis adjusting for likely determinants, MS was an independent predictor of Em in addition to age and nonindexed left ventricular mass. MS is associated with left ventricular concentric remodeling and reduced systolic and diastolic function independent of BMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and Hypertension Clinic, Trinity College and St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. mahmuda@tcd.ie
authors.forename: Azra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahmud
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Almuntaser
authors.forename: Angie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Crean
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feely
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling