title: Single-shot steady-state free precession can detect myocardial edema in patients: a feasibility study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the ability of single-shot, T(2)/T(1) weighted steady-state free precession (SSFP) to detect myocardial edema in patients with an acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed in a series of patients (n = 10) referred for the assessment of acute myocardial infarcts (AMI). Localizers were used to obtain true short axis views of the left ventricle (LV). These views were used to plan and obtain T(2)-weighted STIR (short TI inversion recovery) images of the LV. These slices were then acquired using single-shot dark blood-prepared SSFP with a large (31) number of dummy pulses. Lastly, Contrast agent was injected, and late enhancement (LE) images were acquired. Images were analyzed using a multi-segment model of the heart. SSFP images were compared with STIR images, with STIR images used as the standard of truth for the presence of edema. LE images were used to identify segments which were positive for microvascular obstruction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All techniques were successful in all patients. A total of 312 segments were analyzed. Excluding segments positive for microvascular obstruction, SSFP had a sensitivity/specificity of 80%/89%. Including segments positive for microvascular obstruction, sensitivity/specificity was 71%/88%. On a patient-based analysis, no AMI was missed using SSFP (sensitivity = 100%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using single-shot SSFP to detect myocardial edema in patients with AMI is feasible with a moderate sensitivity and high specificity.
authors.affiliation: Siemens Healthcare, Calgary, Alberta.
authors.forename: Jordin D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Jacqueline A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Flewitt
authors.forename: Matthias G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Friedrich
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media; D004487:Edema / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA