title: Effects of cow's milk on reproduction in ICR male mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of Cow's milk on the reproduction in male mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four male mice were divided randomly into two groups: milk group (M) and control group (C). Each mouse was given 10 mL milk per day from 4 to 16 weeks in the group M. At the age of 17 weeks, all the mice were sacrificed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum testosterone was decreased in the group M (P=0.037). No significant difference was found in weight of testes, seminal vesicle or adrenal gland of mice between the groups C and M. However, the weight of seminal vesicle decreased when expressed in g/100 g body weight in the group M. Epididymal sperm concentration, motility, morphology, and sperm head number were not affected by milk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cow's milk has adverse effects on the reproductive system in ICR male mice. Further studies are needed to clarify the specific effects of milk on reproductive health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Environmental and Social Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka Hasama-machi, Oita 879-5593, Japan. mayuxia@hebmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Yu-Xia
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ebine
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kusunoki
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Misumi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004032:Diet; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D007248:Infertility, Male; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008892:Milk; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013076:Sperm Count; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol