title: Graduates-of-foreign-dermatology residencies and military dermatology residencies and women in academic dermatology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is well known that there is a growing shortage of academic dermatologists in the U.S. The number of graduates of foreign dermatology residencies (GFDR) and graduates of military dermatology residencies (GMDR) who take full-time academic dermatology positions are currently unknown. It is likely that a higher proportion of GFDRs and GMDRs are more likely to enter academics and practice medical dermatology. The percentage of women in academic dermatology has not been reported since 1994.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the total number of GFDRs, GMDRs, and women who are full-time faculty members at U.S. dermatology residency programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The educational background of all full-time faculty members of the 107 U.S. dermatology residency programs that were active as of December 2004 were determined through extensive Internet searches, telephone, and email correspondences with residency coordinators and faculty members. Pure PhDs, physicians who did not complete a dermatology residency program at an allopathic school, PharmDs, DDSs, and FNPs were excluded. The University of Puerto Rico was not considered a foreign residency program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As of December 2004, there were 988 full-time dermatology faculty members in the US, 813 of which met our inclusion criteria. There were 30 GFDRs, accounting for 3.7 percent of full-time academic dermatologists. There were 29 GMDRs, accounting for 3.6 percent of all full-time academic dermatologists. Women accounted for 44.42 percent of academic dermatologists and 15.9 percent (14/107) of dermatology chairs/chiefs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GFDRs, GMDRs, and women comprise important proportions of full-time faculty members at U.S. dermatology residency programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA. jashinwu@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Jashin J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Kristy F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Claudia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Stephen K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tyring
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000328:Adult; D002321:Career Choice; D003880:Dermatology / Q000193:education; D005180:Faculty, Medical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D005260:Female; D005550:Foreign Medical Graduates / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008887:Military Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010822:Physicians, Women / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States; D000078329:Workforce