title: Construction of an MUC-1 promoter driven, conditionally replicating adenovirus that expresses the sodium iodide symporter for gene therapy of breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) directs the uptake and concentration of iodide in thyroid cells. This in turn allows radioiodine imaging and therapy for thyroid cancer. To extend the use of NIS-mediated radioiodine therapy to other types of cancer, we successfully transferred and expressed the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) gene in prostate, colon, and breast cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro by using non-replicating adenoviral vectors.
  
  
  METHODS
  To improve virotherapy efficiency, we developed a conditionally replicating adenovirus (CRAd) in which the transcriptional cassette RSV promoter-human NIScDNA-bGH polyA was also inserted at the E3 region. The E1a gene is driven by the tumor-specific promoter MUC-1 in the CRAd Ad5AMUCH_RSV-NIS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro infection of the MUC-1-positive breast cell line T47D resulted in virus replication, cytolysis, and release of infective viral particles. Conversely, the MUC-1-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was refractory to the viral cytopathic effect and did not support viral replication. The data indicate that Ad5AMUCH_RSV-NIS activity is stringently restricted to MUC-1-positive cancer cells. Radioiodine uptake was readily measurable in T47 cells infected with Ad5AMUCH_RSV-NIS 24 hours after infection, thus confirming NIS expression before viral-induced cell death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This construct may allow multimodal therapy, combining virotherapy with radioiodine therapy to be developed as a novel treatment for breast and other MUC1-overexpressing cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, Nutrition, Mayo Clinic Rochester, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. trujillo.miguel@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Trujillo
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oneal
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davydova
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bergert
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D017500:Adenovirus E1A Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D062727:Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein; D003588:Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral; D003673:Defective Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005813:Genes, Synthetic; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000502:physiology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D027981:Symporters / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D017500:Adenovirus E1A Proteins; D062727:Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D018396:Mucin-1; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D027981:Symporters; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters; C568771:CLMP protein, human; C568772:CLMP protein, mouse; C060192:MUC1 protein, human