title: Rutin protects the neural damage induced by transient focal ischemia in rats.
abstract: Free radical induced neural damage is implicated in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and antioxidants are reported to have neuroprotective activity. The present study was designed to assess the neuroprotective role of rutin (Vitamin P), and mechanism of action. The middle cerebral artery (MCA) of an adult male Wistar rat was occluded for 2 h and reperfused for 22 h. The administration of rutin (25 mg/kg bwt., orally) once daily for 21 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) showed marked reduction in infarct size, reduced the neurological deficits in terms of behaviors, suppressed neuronal loss and diminished the p53 expression in MCAO rats. A significantly depleted activity of antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of glutathione (GSH) in MCAO group were protected significantly in MCAO group pretreated with rutin. Conversely, the elevated level of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), H(2)O(2) and protein carbonyl (PC) in MCAO group was attenuated significantly in rutin-pretreated group when compared with MCAO group. These results indicate that rutin attenuates ischemic neural apoptosis by reducing the expression of p53, preventing morphological changes and increasing endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activities. Thus, rutin treatment may represent a novel approach in lowering the risk or improving the function of ischemia-reperfusion brain injury-related disorders.
authors.affiliation: Neurotoxicology laboratory, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, 110062, India.
authors.forename: Mohd Moshahid
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Ajmal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Tauheed
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishrat
authors.forename: Gulrana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Khuwaja
authors.forename: Pallavi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Srivastawa
authors.forename: M Badruzzaman
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Syed Shadab
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Raza
authors.forename: Hayate
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Javed
authors.forename: Kumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vaibhav
authors.forename: Andleeb
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Fakhrul
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Islam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012431:Rutin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D012431:Rutin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005978:Glutathione