title: Polypoid or non-polypoid? A novel dichotomous approach to uterine carcinosarcoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the impact of the polypoid morphology of uterine carcinosarcoma on clinical outcome, as well as its relationship to well-established prognostic factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective study of fifty eight patients with uterine carcinosarcoma treated with hysterectomy, we correlated the polypoid status of tumors with stage, lymphatic vascular invasion, myometrial invasion, size, carcinoma to sarcoma ratio, type of carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, disease free survival and overall survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By multivariate analysis, the polypoid status had no impact on disease free survival (p=0.8958), but approached significance as a positive predictor for overall survival (p=0.0569); patients in the polypoid group lived on average 14.9 months longer than those with non-polypoid tumors. Polypoid neoplasms had a smaller average size and grew to a smaller maximum size than the non-polypoid tumors. While non-polypoid tumors were either carcinoma or sarcoma predominant, polypoid tumors were mostly sarcoma predominant (p=0.0348). Polypoid carcinosarcomas also demonstrated an appreciably lesser extent of myometrial invasion (p=0.0019), a markedly lower rate of lymphatic vascular invasion (p=0.0002), and tended to present as early stage tumors (p=0.0265). Carcinomatous component in polypoid tumors tended to have pure or nearly pure (>or=90%) endometrioid histology (p=0.1608). There was no relationship between polypoid status and type of sarcomatous component (p=0.5299).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polypoid carcinosarcomas differ from their non-polypoid counterparts in key histological parameters such as the carcinoma to sarcoma ratio, myometrial and lymphatic vascular invasion, stage and type of carcinomatous component. Patients with polypoid tumors may have a better survival outcome than those with non-polypoid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: bdjordjevic@mdanderson.org.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Djordjevic
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Gien
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Covens
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malpica
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khalifa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002296:Carcinosarcoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery