title: A summative, Objective, Structured, Clinical Examination in ENT used to assess postgraduate doctors after one year of ENT training, as part of the Diploma of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  'High stakes' postgraduate medical examinations should conform to current educational standards. In the UK and Ireland, national assessments in surgery are devised and managed through the examination structure of the Royal Colleges of Surgeons. Their efforts are not reported in the medical education literature. In the current paper, we aim to clarify this process.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To replace the clinical section of the Diploma of Otorhinolaryngology with an Objective, Structured, Clinical Examination, and to set the level of the assessment at one year of postgraduate training in the specialty.
  
  
  METHODS
  After 'blueprinting' against the whole curriculum, an Objective, Structured, Clinical Examination comprising 25 stations was divided into six clinical stations and 19 other stations exploring written case histories, instruments, test results, written communication skills and interpretation skills. The pass mark was set using a modified borderline method and other methods, and statistical analysis of the results was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of nine examinations between May 2004 and May 2008 are presented. The pass mark varied between 68 and 82 per cent. Internal consistency was good, with a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.99 for all examinations and split-half statistics varying from 0.96 to 0.99. Different standard settings gave similar pass marks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have developed a summative, Objective, Structured, Clinical Examination for doctors training in otorhinolaryngology, reported herein. The objectives and standards of setting a high quality assessment were met.
authors.affiliation: ENT Department, University Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK. Adrakelee@aol.com
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Drake-Lee
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hawthorne
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D002568:Certification / Q000379:methods*; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000592:standards*; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D006113:United Kingdom