Hydrolyzed guar gum decreases postprandial blood glucose and glucose absorption in the rat small intestine.
We hypothesized that infusing partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) into the duodenum would reduce increases in postprandial plasma glucose by decreasing the rate of glucose diffusion from the small intestine luminal digesta of the rat. The postprandial plasma glucose and apparent glucose disappearance from the small intestine were measured after infusing artificial digesta containing 0 (control), 3.0, or 6.0 g/L PHGG into the duodenum via a cannula under anesthesia in experiments 1 and 2. The diffusion of glucose in the artificial digesta was estimated using dialysis tubing, filled with the same artificial digesta, soaked in a buffer in experiment 3. In experiment 1, the plasma glucose concentration was lower in the digesta containing 3.0 and 6.0 g/L PHGG than in the control digesta at 120 minutes (P < .05). The plasma insulin concentration was lower for the digesta containing 6.0 g/L PHGG than for the control digesta at 60 minutes (P < .05) and lower for the digesta containing 6.0 g/L PHGG than for that containing 3.0 g/L PHGG at 120 minutes (P < .05).The area under the curve of plasma glucose and insulin (experiment 1), apparent disappearance of glucose in the lumen of the small intestine (experiment 2), and net disappearance of glucose in the dialysis tube depended negatively on the viscosity of the artificial digesta (P < .05, .05, .001, and .05), which was increased by adding PHGG. Therefore, PHGG can decrease the postprandial blood glucose by lowering the rate of absorption from the small intestine in the rat by reducing the diffusion of glucose in the lumen.
Takahashi
Toru
T
Faculty of Human Life Science, Mimasaka University, Tsuyama, Okayama 708 8511, Japan. takahashitoru71@nifty.com
Yokawa
Takeo
T
Ishihara
Noriyuki
N
Okubo
Tsutomu
T
Chu
Djong-Chi
DC
Nishigaki
Eri
E
Kawada
Yuka
Y
Kato
Masako
M
Raj Juneja
Lekh
L
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D004058:Diffusion / Q000187:drug effects; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects; D005503:Food Additives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005685:Galactans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism*; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053149:Plant Gums / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014783:Viscosity / Q000187:drug effects
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005503:Food Additives; D005685:Galactans; D007328:Insulin; D008351:Mannans; D053149:Plant Gums; C007894:guar gum; D005947:Glucose