title: [Experimental studies of kidney biopsy by natural orifices: transgastric and transvesical combined approach].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of kidney biopsy by transgastric and transvesical combined approach in the porcine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five female pigs (20 to 30 kg) were included in this study. All procedures were performed with pigs under general anesthesia. The transvesical access was established by the ureteroscope. Then monitored by ureteroscopy, the transgastric access was established by a needle knife with cautery. The puncture dilation was performed with balloon through the gastroscope. The vesical hole was enlarged with the dilator of ureteroscope sheath. The kidney biopsy was finished by the scissor from the transvesical access and the grasping forcep from the work channel of gastroscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among five cases the procedure were successful in three cases with 380 min, 180 min, 78 min respectively. Establishment of transvesical and transgastric accesses took place without complications. The exposure and biopsy of the kidney were easily achieved during operation. The transgastric and transvesical access were not closed in the end.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new method is a technically feasible procedure in a porcine model. But the safety and the clinical future of it needs more study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. sunyh@medmail.com.cn
authors.forename: Ying-Hao
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Tie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lin-Hui
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chuan-Liang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jian-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Hui-Qing
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D013552:Swine; D018666:Ureteroscopy