title: Inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella typhimurium with compounds available in households.
abstract: Solutions of selected household products were tested for their effectiveness against Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Typhimurium. Hydrogen peroxide (1.5 and 3%), vinegar (2.5 and 5% acetic acid), baking soda (11, 33, and 50% sodium bicarbonate), household bleach (0.0314, 0.0933, and 0.670% sodium hypochlorite), 5% acetic acid (prepared from glacial acetic acid), and 5% citric acid solutions were tested against the three pathogens individually (five-strain composites of each, 10(8) CFU/ml) by using a modified AOAC International suspension test at initial temperatures of 25 and 55degrees C for 1 and 10 min. All bleach solutions (pH 8.36 to 10.14) produced a >5-log reduction of all pathogens tested after 1 min at 25 degrees C, whereas all baking soda solutions (pH 7.32 to 7.55) were ineffective (<1-log reduction) even after 10 min at an initial temperature of 55 degrees C. After 1 min at 25 degrees C, 3% hydrogen peroxide (pH 2.75) achieved a >5-log reduction of both Salmonella Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7, whereas undiluted vinegar (pH 2.58) had a similar effect only against Salmonella Typhimurium. Compared with 1 min at 25 degrees C, greater reductions of L. monocytogenes (P < 0.05) were obtained with all organic acid and hydrogen peroxide treatments after 10 min at an initial temperature of 55 degrees C. The efficacies of household compounds against all tested pathogens decreased in the following order: 0.0314% sodium hypochlorite > 3% hydrogen peroxide > undiluted vinegar and 5% acetic acid > 5% citric acid > baking soda (50% sodium bicarbonate). The sensitivity of the tested pathogens to all tested household compounds followed the sequence of Salmonella Typhimurium > E. coli O157: H7 > L. monocytogenes.
authors.affiliation: Center for Meat Safety & Quality and Food Safety Cluster, Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Sofos
mesh_terms: D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000187:drug effects*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants