title: Glomerular disease associated with Takayasu arteritis: 6 cases analysis and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical features, renal histopathology and therapeutic response to glucocorticoid and immunosuppressive agents in patients with glomerular disease associated with Takayasu arteritis (TA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with TA and renal biopsy-confirmed glomerular disease were investigated retrospectively. None of them had renal artery stenosis or occlusive changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients with glomerulopathy, accounting for 3.75% of the 160 TA patients admitted to our hospital at the same period, were analyzed. All of them were females with a mean age of 35.5 +/- 10.0 years. Four cases presented with lower extremity edema. Laboratory tests showed that one was nephrotic syndrome, three were nephrotic range proteinuria, and two of them had mild renal dysfunction. The other two patients were asymptomatic microscopic hematuria and proteinuria. Renal pathology revealed mild immunoglobulin A nephropathy in two cases, mild mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN), membranoproliferative GN, minimal change disease, and fibrillary GN in one case respectively. Five cases received glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide therapy. Proteinuria and microscopic hematuria disappeared in 2 to 4 weeks after the initiation of therapy in three cases. The patient with membranoproliferative GN also reached complete remission of proteinuria and recovered renal function 6 months after the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TA may induce glomerular disease as a part of its histological spectrum. Apart from ischemic glomerular disease, glomerular disease should be suspected when TA patients have microscopic hematuria or proteinuria, that may be therapeutically responsive to glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agent in relative early phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China. 0605.mei@gmail.com
authors.forename: Xue-mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wen-ling
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Yu-bing
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li-meng
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Dong-yan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xue-jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Xue-wang
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013625:Takayasu Arteritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents