POINT: Operative risk of pneumonectomy--influence of preoperative induction therapy.
BACKGROUND
Prior data indicate increased perioperative morbidity and mortality in patients receiving induction chemoradiotherapy before pneumonectomy for lung cancer.


OBJECTIVE
We reviewed a consecutive series of pneumonectomies to determine the impact of induction therapy on operative mortality.


RESULTS
Over a 15-year period, 183 patients underwent pneumonectomy for lung cancer. Forty-six received combined preoperative radiochemotherapy (25.2%), and 137 patients underwent resection only. Indications for induction therapy were stage IIB disease in 1, IIIA in 35, IIIB in 8, and IV in 2 patients. Patients receiving induction therapy were younger (mean age 58.4 vs 61.9 years; P = .033), had less heart disease (6.5 vs 26.3%; P = .0035), higher preoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second (2.48 vs 2.13 L; P = .0018), a lower rate of endobronchial tumor (34.8 vs 67.2%; P = .0002), and underwent intrapericardial procedures more often (71.7 vs 43.1%; P = .0011). Hospital mortality was 4.3 % (2/46) after preoperative therapy and 6.6% (9/137) after resection only (P = .73); the difference in cardiopulmonary morbidity was not significant (51.1% vs 40.4%; P = .22). Induction did not predict hospital mortality after adjustment for a propensity score derived from nonoperative and operative variables correlated with neoadjuvant therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
A regimen of induction radiation and chemotherapy does not increase the operative mortality of pneumonectomy in carefully selected patients.
Gaissert
Henning A
HA
Division of Thoracic Surgery and Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. hgaissert@partners.org
Keum
Dong Yoon
DY
Wright
Cameron D
CD
Ancukiewicz
Marek
M
Monroe
Eric
E
Donahue
Dean M
DM
Wain
John C
JC
Lanuti
Michael
M
Allan
James S
JS
Choi
Noah C
NC
Mathisen
Douglas J
DJ
D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors