title: Respective contribution of conventional risk factors and antihypertensive treatment to stable angina pectoris and acute coronary syndrome as the first presentation of coronary heart disease: the PRIME Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test whether conventional risk factors and antihypertensive treatment were more predictive of stable angina (SA) than acute coronary syndrome (ACS) as the first presentation of coronary heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  We used data from the PRIME Study (Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction), a prospective cohort of 9758 asymptomatic middle-aged men recruited from WHO MONICA centers in Northern Ireland and France between 1991 and 1993. SA and ACS events were registered during 5 years of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hazard ratios (HRs) of each risk factor measured at baseline for SA and ACS events were assessed using separate Cox proportional hazard models. Difference between HRs was estimated by the bootstrap method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 5 years of follow-up, there were 114 SA and 178 ACS as the first presentation of CHD. Diastolic blood pressure [adjusted HRs for 1 standard deviation increase = 1.34; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17-1.54 vs. 1.04; 95% CI: 0.87-1.25; P for comparison between HRs = 0.012], and possibly cigarette smoking over or equal to 20 pack-years (adjusted HR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.43-2.99 vs. 1.29; 95% CI: 0.83-2.01; P for comparison between HRs = 0.062) were more predictive of ACS than SA, whereas this was the opposite for antihypertensive treatment (adjusted HR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.39-3.41 for SA vs. 1.28; 95% CI: 0.85-1.93 for ACS, P for comparison between HRs = 0.049).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present data support that SA and ACS, as the first presentation of CHD, may not share exactly the same determinants.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PAARC), Université Paris V, Paris , France. florence.canoui-poitrine@chu-lyon.fr
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Canoui-Poitrine
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luc
authors.forename: Irène
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Juhan-Vague
authors.forename: Pierre-Emmanuel
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Morange
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arveiler
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferrieres
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amouyel
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bingham
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montaye
authors.forename: Jean-Bernard
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ruidavets
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Alun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ducimetiere
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Empana
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009660:Northern Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents