title: Paraquat detoxication with multiple emulsions.
abstract: In this study, we show that detoxifying W/O/W multiple emulsions, prepared with an appropriate extractant/trapping couple, represent a promising technology for quick and safe poisoning treatments, with application to the highly toxic herbicide Paraquat, responsible of poisonings from low-dose exposure leading to several deaths every year. In vitro tests led to the choice of an appropriate extractant/trapping couple system with significant detoxication performance. In vivo tests showed (i) that rats receiving high doses of Paraquat, then a detoxifying emulsion, presented an increase from 50% to 100% of the MST (median survival time) and (ii) that no mortality was observed during 30 days with rats dosed with emulsions initially loaded with Paraquat at a concentration much higher than the lethal dose, proving the stability and the inocuity of the detoxifying multiple emulsion in the gastrointestinal tract.
authors.affiliation: Université Paris-Sud 11, UMR 8612, Faculté de Pharmacie, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frasca
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couvreur
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seiller
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pareau
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lacour
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stambouli
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Grossiord
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000506:poisoning; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D010269:Paraquat / Q000506:poisoning*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016060:Sorption Detoxification / Q000379:methods*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D006540:Herbicides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D010269:Paraquat