title: An ancestry informative marker set for determining continental origin: validation and extension using human genome diversity panels.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Case-control genetic studies of complex human diseases can be confounded by population stratification. This issue can be addressed using panels of ancestry informative markers (AIMs) that can provide substantial population substructure information. Previously, we described a panel of 128 SNP AIMs that were designed as a tool for ascertaining the origins of subjects from Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, Americas, and East Asia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, genotypes from Human Genome Diversity Panel populations were used to further evaluate a 93 SNP AIM panel, a subset of the 128 AIMS set, for distinguishing continental origins. Using both model-based and relatively model-independent methods, we here confirm the ability of this AIM set to distinguish diverse population groups that were not previously evaluated. This study included multiple population groups from Oceana, South Asia, East Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, North and South America, and Europe. In addition, the 93 AIM set provides population substructure information that can, for example, distinguish Arab and Ashkenazi from Northern European population groups and Pygmy from other Sub-Saharan African population groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide additional support for using the 93 AIM set to efficiently identify continental subject groups for genetic studies, to identify study population outliers, and to control for admixture in association studies.
authors.affiliation: Rowe Program in Human Genetics, Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. rnassir@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Rami
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nassir
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kosoy
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Phoebe A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Lesley M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kittles
authors.forename: Marta E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Alarcon-Riquelme
authors.forename: Peter K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Gregersen
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Belmont
authors.forename: Francisco M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: De La Vega
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Seldin
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005828:Genetics, Population; D015894:Genome, Human; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers