title: Renal expression of arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes and RhoA/Rho kinases in fructose insulin resistant hypertensive rats.
abstract: Fructose feeding has been shown to induce insulin resistance and hypertension. Renal protein expression for the cytochrome P (CYP) 450 arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes has been shown to be altered in other models of diet-induced hypertension. Of special interest is CYP4A, which produces the potent vasoconstrictor, 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and CYP2C, which catalyzes the formation of the potent dilators epoxyeicosatrienoic acids as well as soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) which metabolizes the latter to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids. The RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) signaling pathway is downstream of arachidonic acid and is reported to mediate metabolic-cardio-renal dysfunctions in some experimental models of insulin resistance and diabetes. The aim of the present study was to determine the expression of CYP4A, CYP2C23, CYP2C11, sEH, RhoA, ROCK-1, ROCK-2, and phospho-Lin-11/Isl-1/Mec-3 kinase (LIMK) in kidneys of fructose-fed (F) rats. Male Wistar rats were fed a high fructose diet for 8 weeks. Body weight, systolic blood pressure, insulin sensitivity, and renal expression of the aforementioned proteins were assessed. No change was observed in the body weight of F rats; however, euglycemia and hyperinsulinemia implicating impaired glucose tolerance and significant elevation in systolic blood pressure were observed. Renal expression of CYP4A and CYP2C23 was significantly increased while that of CYP2C11 and sEH was not changed in F rats. Equal expression for RhoA in both control and F rats and an enhanced level of ROCK-1 and ROCK-2 constitutively activate 130 kDa cleavage fragments as well as phospho-LIMK. These data suggest that the kidneys could be actively participating in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance-induced hypertension through the arachidonic acid CYP 450-RhoA/Rho kinase pathway(s).
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2146 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: Harish
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vasudevan
authors.forename: Violet G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: McNeill
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000032:analysis; D000090762:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2J2; D042926:Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A / Q000032:analysis; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D054461:Lim Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D039181:Steroid 16-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000032:analysis; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C000717351:Cyp2c23 protein, rat; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D005632:Fructose; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C450279:CYP2C11 protein, rat; D000090762:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2J2; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; D039181:Steroid 16-alpha-Hydroxylase; D042926:Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A; D054461:Lim Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases