title: Genetic polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase genes GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 and risk of esophageal and gastric cardia cancers.
abstract: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes are known to metabolize tobacco-related carcinogens. Previous studies on the association of functional polymorphisms of GST genes with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma have yielded conflicting but overall null results. A few studies of esophageal adenocarcinoma were likewise conflicting, but the scarcity of data is striking. We aimed to study associations of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null deletion polymorphisms as well as the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism with risks for esophageal and gastric cardia cancers. DNA was prepared from 96 and 79 cases of esophageal adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively, 126 cardia cancer cases, and 471 population-based controls. Pyrosequencing typed the GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphism, while multiplex PCR detected GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletions. Logistic regression modeling estimated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). None of the studied polymorphisms were related to the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma, but the variant GSTP1 Val(105) allele was associated with an increased risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.0-2.9) and tended to be weakly, positively linked to cardia cancer (OR = 1.4; 95% CI 0.9-2.1). Finally, we performed a meta-analysis and found that GSTP1 polymorphism seems to be associated with the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma among Caucasian population (OR = 1.4; 95% CI 1.0-2.2; p value for heterogeneity test 0.34).
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Box 281, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. kazem.zendehdel@ki.se
authors.forename: Kazem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zendehdel
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahmanyar
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Olof
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nyren
authors.forename: Bjorn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002299:Cardia / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human