title: The early stages and natural history of Antirrhea adoptive porphyrosticta (Watkins, 1928) in eastern ecuador (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Morphinae).
abstract: Here we describe the immature stages and ecological associations of Antirrhea adoptiva porphyrosticta Watkins, 1928 (Lepidoptera:Nymphalidae:Morphinae). The cloud forest bamboo, Chusquea scandens Kunth (Bambusoidea: Poaceae), serves as the larval food plant for this butterfly in eastern Ecuador, the first hostplant record for Antirrhea outside the family Arecaceae. The larvae of A. adoptiva porphyrosticta are superficially similar to those of other Antirrhea species. We also provide observations on adult and larval behavior. Caterpillars of this butterfly species are parasitized by tachinid flies, as well as by Ichneumonidae and a newly described braconid wasp.
authors.affiliation: Yanayacu Biological Station & Center for Creative Studies, Cosanga, Quito, Ecuador. revmmoss@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Harold F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Greeney
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: DeVries
authors.forename: Carla M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Penz
authors.forename: Rafael B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Granizo-T
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Connahs
authors.forename: John O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Stireman
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Walla
authors.forename: Lee A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D002080:Butterflies / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*; D004175:Diptera / Q000502:physiology; D004484:Ecuador; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010063:Ovum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D011679:Pupa / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014863:Wasps / Q000502:physiology