title: Neuroprotective mesenchymal stem cells are endowed with a potent antioxidant effect in vivo.
abstract: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model for human multiple sclerosis, is characterized by demyelination, inflammation and neurodegeneration of CNS in which free radicals play a role. Recently, the efficacy of murine mesenchimal stem cells (MSCs) as treatment of EAE induced in mice by the encephalitogenic peptide MOG(35-55) was demonstrated. The present study analyzed some markers of oxidative stress, inflammation/degeneration and apoptosis such as metallothioneins (MTs), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and p53 during EAE progression and following MSC treatment. Expression of the three brain MT isoforms increased significantly in EAE mice compared with healthy controls, but while expression of MT-1 and MT-3 increased along EAE course, MT-2 was up-regulated at the onset, but returned to levels similar to those of controls in chronic phase. The changes in the transcription and activity of the antioxidant enzymes and in expression of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 and p53 showed the same kinetics observed for MT-1 and MT-3 during EAE. Interestingly, i.v. administration of MSCs reduced the EAE-induced increases in levels/activities of all these proteins. These results support an antioxidant and neuroprotective activity for MSCs that was also confirmed in vitro on neuroblastoma cells exposed to an oxidative insult.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lanza
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morando
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Voci
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Canesi
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Principato
authors.forename: Laura Domenica
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Serpero
authors.forename: Gianluigi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mancardi
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uccelli
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vergani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism; D000090023:Metallothionein 3; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D000090023:Metallothionein 3; C000715430:Mt3 protein, mouse; D008668:Metallothionein