title: Protective effect of Gymnema montanum against renal damage in experimental diabetic rats.
abstract: Gymnema montanum Hook (Asclepiadaceae), is an endemic plant species of India, traditionally used for diabetes and its management. In this experiment, the ethanol extract of G. montanum (GLEt) at a dose of 200mg/kg body weight was tested to evaluate its effect on renal damage in alloxan-induced diabetic rats and the efficacy was compared with standard hypoglycemic drug, glibenclamide (600 microg/kg body weight). The GLEt and glibenclamide were administered orally for 3 weeks and the effects on glucose, insulin, renal markers including urea, creatinine and uric acid, lipid peroxidation markers including thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities in kidney were studied. In addition, the urinary protein profile was studied using SDS-PAGE. The results indicated that the GLEt significantly normalized the elevated blood glucose, renal markers and lipid peroxidation markers and increased antioxidant levels in diabetic kidney. The diabetic rats excreted large amount of proteins than untreated rats which was normalized during the treatment with GLEt. In conclusion, the GLEt was found to be more effective in reducing oxidative stress, thus confirming the ethnopharmacological use of G. montanum in protecting diabetes and its complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Anna University-Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India. ramkumarbiotech@gmail.com
authors.forename: Kunga Mohan
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ramkumar
authors.forename: Ponnirul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ponmanickam
authors.forename: Shanmugam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Velayuthaprabhu
authors.forename: Govindaraju
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Archunan
authors.forename: Palanisamy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rajaguru
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D031103:Gymnema / Q000737:chemistry*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005905:Glyburide