Anticipation in feedback-delayed manual tracking of a chaotic oscillator.
Manual tracking of non-chaotic targets, with and without feedback delay, as well as discrete prediction of chaotic maps have each been demonstrated by humans. Feedback-delayed tracking of chaotic targets, on the other hand, has not been well investigated. To this end, 10 participants were asked to track a chaotically moving target presented on a computer display by means of controlling a similar on-screen object using a pressure sensitive tablet and hand-held stylus. The participants were given delayed visual feedback of their own movements. Task success subsequently required anticipation on the part of the participant. Using 6 values of delay from 20 ms to 1 s, evidence shows that (a) participants are able to synchronize with a chaotic target, even with some amount of applied delay, (b) task performance varies systematically with applied delay, and (c) this same systematic dependence is predicted for systems exhibiting anticipating synchronization.
Stepp
Nigel
N
Department of Psychology, Center for the Ecological Study of Perception and Action, University of Connecticut, 406 Babbidge Rd, U-1020, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA. nigel.stepp@uconn.edu
D000465:Algorithms; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010507:Periodicity; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D013997:Time Factors; D014796:Visual Perception