Effect of exercise on glutamine metabolism in macrophages of trained rats.
This study investigated the effect of exercise on glutamine metabolism in macrophages of trained rats. Rats were divided into three groups: sedentary (SED); moderately trained (MOD) rats that were swim trained 1 h/day, 5 days/week for 6 weeks; and exhaustively trained (EXT) rats that were similarly trained as MOD for 5 weeks and, in the 6th week, trained in three 1-h sessions/day with 150 min of rest between sessions. The animals swam with a load equivalent to 5.5% of their body weight and were killed 1 h after the last exercise session. Cells were collected, and glutamine metabolism in macrophage and function were assayed. Exercise increased phagocytosis in MOD when compared to SED (34.48 +/- 1.79 vs 15.21 +/- 2.91%, P < 0.05); however, H(2)O(2) production was higher in MOD (75.40 +/- 3.48 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1)) and EXT (79.20 +/- 1.18 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1)) in relation to SED (32.60 +/- 2.51 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1), P < 0.05). Glutamine consumption increased in MOD and EXT (26.53 +/- 3.62 and 19.82 +/- 2.62 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1), respectively) relative to SED (6.72 +/- 0.57 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1), P < 0.05). Aspartate increased in EXT (9.72 +/- 1.14 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1)) as compared to SED (1.10 +/- 0.19 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1), P < 0.05). Glutamine decarboxylation was increased in MOD (12.10 +/- 0.27 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1)) and EXT (16.40 +/- 2.17 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1)) relative to SED (1.10 +/- 0.06 nmol h x 10(5) cell(-1), P < 0.05). This study suggests an increase in macrophage function post-exercise, which was supported by enhanced glutamine consumption and metabolism, and highlights the importance for glutamine after exercise.
dos Santos
Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli
RV
Department of Bioscience, Centro de Estudos em Psicobiologia e Exercício, UNIFESP, Baixada Santista, São Paulo, Brazil. ronaldo.thomatieli@unifesp.br
Caperuto
Erico Chagas
EC
de Mello
Marco Túlio
MT
Costa Rosa
Luis Fernando Bicudo Pereira
LF
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005080:Exercise Test; D005221:Fatigue / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D013550:Swimming
D005973:Glutamine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide