title: Clueless, a conserved Drosophila gene required for mitochondrial subcellular localization, interacts genetically with parkin.
abstract: Parkinson's disease has been linked to altered mitochondrial function. Mutations in parkin (park), the Drosophila ortholog of a human gene that is responsible for many familial cases of Parkinson's disease, shorten life span, abolish fertility and disrupt mitochondrial structure. However, the role played by Park in mitochondrial function remains unclear. Here, we describe a novel Drosophila gene, clueless (clu), which encodes a highly conserved tetratricopeptide repeat protein that is related closely to the CluA protein of Dictyostelium, Clu1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to similar proteins in diverse metazoan eukaryotes from Arabidopsis to humans. Like its orthologs, loss of Drosophila clu causes mitochondria to cluster within cells. We find that strong clu mutations resemble park mutations in their effects on mitochondrial function and that the two genes interact genetically. Conversely, mitochondria in park homozygotes become highly clustered. We propose that Clu functions in a novel pathway that positions mitochondria within the cell based on their physiological state. Disruption of the Clu pathway may enhance oxidative damage, alter gene expression, cause mitochondria to cluster at microtubule plus ends, and lead eventually to mitochondrial failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Embryology/Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Carnegie Institution, 3520 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Allan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Spradling
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017344:Genes, Insect; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009132:Muscles / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C531978:ab protein, Drosophila; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C487430:park protein, Drosophila