title: Utility of the Portex introducer, ivory type, as a tube exchanger.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the Portex introducer, ivory type (PII) (Portex Tracheal Tube Introducer; SIMS Portex, Hythe, Kent, England), and Cook Airway Exchange Catheter (CAEC) (Cook, Letchworth, Hertfordshire, England) with regard to success rate of and time required for tracheal intubation by use of each device by oral and maxillofacial surgeons on a manikin.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects comprised 17 oral and maxillofacial surgeons who intubated the trachea of the manikin with each device. The PII or CAEC was inserted into the trachea of the manikin and advanced 26 cm from the upper incisor, and the time required for intubation was measured. The subjects were then asked to rate the difficulty of intubation using a 10-cm visual analog scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean intubation time, averaged over 3 attempts, was significantly shorter for the PII (7.92 +/- 3.15 seconds) than for the CAEC (11.44 +/- 3.98 seconds) (P < .001). The rate of successful intubation with the PII (88.2%) was significantly greater than that with the CAEC (37.3%) (P < .001). With regard to the overall difficulty of intubation, as rated by the 10-cm visual analog scale, the PII (median, 45 mm [10th-90th percentile, 32-53 mm]) was considered less difficult than the CAEC (median, 66 mm [10th-90th percentile, 52-84 mm]) (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intubation is faster, more sure, and easier by use of the PII as a tube exchanger than with the CAEC. This may be particularly important for patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery as a result of anatomic changes in the airway, because edema or hematoma in the upper airway often leads to failed intubation. We conclude that the PII is useful as a tube exchanger.
authors.affiliation: Staff Anesthesiologist, Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan. sanuki-t@cc.osakadent.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanuki
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Naotaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kotani
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D004867:Equipment Design; D004947:Esophagus; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008348:Manikins; D013515:Surgery, Oral; D013997:Time Factors