title: Cell viability during platelet storage in correlation to cellular metabolism after different pathogen reduction technologies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to evaluate if pathogen reduction technologies (PRTs) affect platelet (PLT) viability by alteration of PLT metabolism during storage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven split triple-dose apheresis PLTs were PRT treated using ultraviolet light with either riboflavin-UVB (M) or psoralen-UVA (I) or remained untreated (C). Samples were taken on Days 0, 1, 5, 7, and 8 and analyzed for annexin V release (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), mitochondrial enzymatic activity (MTS assay), transmembrane mitochondrial potential (Deltapsi; JC-1 assay), and metabolism based on pH, pO(2), glucose, lactate, and ATP content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During storage, Deltapsi and MTS reduction activity decreased, while annexin V release and acidity increased in all units, more pronounced, however, after PRT treatment, which led to higher lactate accumulation due to acceleration in glycolytic flux. No significant differences were found between C and M, whereas I was significantly different by Day 1 (pH value), Day 5 (annexin V release), and Day 7 (Deltapsi) of storage. Intracellular ATP content remained similar between C and M but was significantly lower in end-stored I units. Cell viability markers of I units were highly correlated with the oxidative pathway, which appeared impaired in I but up regulated in M units.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PRT treatment using M increased both anoxidative glycolytic flux and oxidative phosphorylation. The I-based technique was associated with an impaired mitochondria-based respiration. During terminal storage, this resulted in significantly lower maintenance of ATP and cell viability. The impact of these findings for storage prolongation or clinical use must await further evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Transfusion Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. susanne.picker@uk-koeln.de
authors.forename: Susanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Picker
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oustianskaia
authors.forename: Birgit S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Gathof
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001781:Blood Component Removal; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005363:Ficusin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005947:Glucose; D005363:Ficusin; D012256:Riboflavin