title: Modifying the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio of a high-saturated fat challenge does not acutely attenuate postprandial changes in inflammatory markers in men with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) features chronic inflammation and exaggerated postprandial triacylglyceride (TAG) responses. Fasting concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), key inflammatory mediators, decrease after sustained n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake; however, the ability of n-3 PUFA to attenuate postprandial inflammatory responses is not well studied. Thus, we examined the acute effect of modifying the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio of a high-saturated fatty acid (SFA) oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) on postprandial TAG and inflammatory responses in men with MetS. Men (n = 8, > or = 45 years old) with MetS ingested 2 high-SFA OFTTs (1 g fat per kilogram body weight), with either a 20:1 (low n-3) or 2:1 (high n-3) n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, and a water control in a randomized crossover design. Blood samples were collected for 8 hours after treatment to measure postprandial TAG, free fatty acids, IL-6, soluble IL-6 receptor, and CRP. Postprandial TAG increased at the same rate after ingestion of the low-n-3 and high-n-3 OFTTs; however, both OFTTs were significantly different from the water control. There were no differences in the rate at which IL-6 concentrations increased after ingestion of either of the OFTTs compared with water. Furthermore, neither time nor treatment affected circulating soluble IL-6 receptor or CRP concentrations. Thus, increasing the n-3 PUFA content of a high-SFA OFTT does not acutely change postprandial TAG or inflammatory responses in men with MetS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: Hilary M F
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Tulk
authors.forename: Lindsay E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000097:blood*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000097:blood*; D005989:Glycerides / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005989:Glycerides; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D002097:C-Reactive Protein