title: Proof of principle: The effect of antimuscarinics on bladder filling sensations in healthy subjects--a placebo controlled double blind investigation using 4 and 8 mg tolterodine extended release.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is evidence that antimuscarinic drugs have depressant influence not only on bladder muscle activity, but also on bladder sensations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a single dose tolterodine extended release (ER) 4 and 8 mg on bladder sensations during filling cystometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  After approval of the local ethics committee, 30 healthy female subjects (23.7 +/- 2.3 years) were included and randomly assigned to three groups: (A) placebo, (B) tolterodine ER 4 mg, and (C) tolterodine ER 8 mg in a double blind manner. Measurements were performed at baseline and 4 hr postmedication in each group, consisting of: (1) Filling cystometry with 25 ml/min at which subjects had to indicate first sensation of filling (FSF), first desire to void (FDV), and strong desire to void (SDV). (2) Uroflowmetry and ultrasound control for residual urine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the placebo group, filling volumes at FDV and SDV decreased significantly posttreatment. This effect could not be observed for the tolterodine 8 mg group and only at SDV in the 4 mg group. No significant difference between groups was found regarding uroflowmetry parameters and postvoid residual volume.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No increase of filling volumes in healthy subjects could be observed with tolterodine. However, the results suggest that tolterodine is able to alleviate irritation caused by repeated catheterization and cystometry. There was no significant influence of tolterodine ER 4 or 8 mg on voiding function.
authors.affiliation: Neurourology, Spinal Cord Injury Center, Balgrist University Hospital, Zürich, Switzerland. ulrich.mehnert@paralab.balgrist.ch
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mehnert
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reitz
authors.forename: Sumaya Abo
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Youssef
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schurch
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003408:Cresols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012677:Sensation / Q000187:drug effects*; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003408:Cresols; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate