title: Metabolomic profiling of human urine in hepatocellular carcinoma patients using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
abstract: With the technique of metabolomics, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), urine or serum metabolites can be assayed to explore disease biomarkers. In this work, we present a metabolomic method to investigate the urinary metabolic difference between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, n - 20) male patients and normal male subjects (n - 20). The urinary endogenous metabolome was assayed using chemical derivatization followed by GC/MS. After GC/MS analysis, 103 metabolites were detected, of which 66 were annotated as known compounds. By a two sample t-test statistics with p < 0.05, 18 metabolites were shown to be significantly different between the HCC and control groups. A diagnostic model was constructed with a combination of 18 marker metabolites or together with alphafetoprotein, using principal component analysis and receiver-operator characteristic curves. The multivariate statistics of the diagnostic model yielded a separation between the two groups with an area under the curve value of 0.9275. This non-invasive technique of identifying HCC biomarkers from urine may have clinical utility.
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ruyi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Taotao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Huazong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Xizhong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012372:ROC Curve
chemical_list: D000410:Alanine Transaminase