title: Membrane-bound HSP70-engineered myeloma cell-derived exosomes stimulate more efficient CD8(+) CTL- and NK-mediated antitumour immunity than exosomes released from heat-shocked tumour cells expressing cytoplasmic HSP70.
abstract: Exosomes (EXO) derived from tumour cells have been used to stimulate antitumour immune responses, but only resulting in prophylatic immunity. Tumour-derived heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) molecules are molecular chaperones with a broad repertoire of tumour antigen peptides capable of stimulating dendritic cell (DC) maturation and T-cell immune responses. To enhance EXO-based antitumour immunity, we generated an engineered myeloma cell line J558(HSP) expressing endogenous P1A tumour antigen and transgenic form of membrane-bound HSP70 and heat-shocked J558(HS) expressing cytoplasmic HSP70, and purified EXO(HSP) and EXO(HS) from J558(HSP) and J558(HS) tumour cell culture supernatants by ultracentrifugation. We found that EXO(HSP) were able to more efficiently stimulate maturation of DCs with up-regulation of Ia(b) , CD40, CD80 and inflammatory cytokines than EXO(HS) after overnight incubation of immature bone-marrow-derived DCs (5 × 10⁶ cells) with EXO (100 μg), respectively. We also i.v. immunized BALB/c mice with EXO (30 μg/mouse) and assessed P1A-specific T-cell responses after immunization. We demonstrate that EXO(HSP) are able to stimulate type 1 CD4(+) helper T (Th1) cell responses, and more efficient P1A-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and antitumour immunity than EXO(HS) . In addition, we further elucidate that EXO(HSP) -stimulated antitumour immunity is mediated by both P1A-specific CD8(+) CTL and non-P1A-specific natural killer (NK) responses. Therefore, membrane-bound HSP70-expressing tumour cell-released EXO may represent a more effective EXO-based vaccine in induction of antitumour immunity.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Division of Health Research, Saskatchewan Cancer Agency, Department of Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Ou
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Haifeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jinying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.forename: Rajni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chibbar
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Slattery
authors.forename: Mabood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Yangdou
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007114:Immunization; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015202:Protein Engineering; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C507749:cancer-testis antigen P1A, mouse