title: Prevention of I/R injury in fatty livers by ischemic preconditioning is associated with increased mitochondrial tolerance: the key role of ATPsynthase and mitochondrial permeability transition.
abstract: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a commonly encountered clinical problem and occurs probably as a consequence of irreversible mitochondrial injury. The increased susceptibility of fatty livers to ischemic injury is associated with depletion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, which is preserved by preconditioning. Mitochondria being the main ATP production source for the cell, we aimed to evaluate whether ischemic preconditioning (IPC) of fatty livers prevents the impairment in mitochondrial function induced by I/R. Lean and steatotic animals were subjected to 90 min of hepatic warm ischemia and 12 h of reperfusion. IPC effect was tested in fatty livers. After reperfusion, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured. Mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondrial respiration and susceptibility to mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) were evaluated, as well as ATPase activity and adenine nucleotides. IPC of fatty livers decreased serum AST and ALT levels. Fatty animals subjected to I/R exhibited decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and a delay in the repolarization after a phosphorylation cycle, associated with increased state 4 respiration. Increased tolerance to MPT induction, preservation of F(1)F(o)-ATPsynthase activity and mitochondrial bioenergetics were observed in ischemic preconditioned fatty livers. Thus, IPC is an endogenous protecting mechanism that preserves mitochondrial function and bioenergetics in fatty livers.
authors.affiliation: Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
authors.forename: Anabela Pinto
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Rolo
authors.forename: João Soeiro
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Teodoro
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peralta
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosello-Catafau
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Palmeira
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002796:Choline Deficiency / Q000150:complications; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000150:complications* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008297:Male; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases