title: Space closure after extraction of two central upper incisors and re-shaping of laterals.
abstract: A 13-year-old boy had fractured both maxillary central incisors when he was 8 years old, resulting in pulpar damage. At the time of the accident, root canal therapy was performed. Although the teeth were retrieved, their roots were short and not fully developed. Cephalometric analysis suggested extraction of the four first premolars to achieve aesthetic and functional objectives. To attend to the patient's chief complaint, and with his parents' approval, both upper central incisors were extracted followed by periodontal and cosmetic procedures to improve the patient's smile as well as his self-esteem and satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, PUCPR, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sigrid Justus
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Vassão
authors.forename: Denilson Antonio
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cavina
authors.forename: Tatiana Banzatto
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Kreia
authors.forename: Bruno Bochnia
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Cerci
authors.forename: José Vinicius Bolognesi
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.forename: Orlando Motohiro
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005893:Gingivoplasty; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014082:Tooth Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques