title: Working memory in children with epilepsy: an event-related potentials study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to find out whether children with idiopathic epilepsy did show different cortical activation patterns compared to non-epileptic children during performance of a working memory task. To this end event-related potentials (ERPs) were measured during a visual 1-backmatching task. A quantitative analysis technique to analyze the ERP data, without any 'a priori' decisions on 'peak' presence, amplitudes or latencies, is used.
  
  
  METHODS
  46 children were tested (6-16 years old): 21 children with well-controlled "benign" epilepsy (benign rolandic epilepsy, n=9, idiopathic generalized epilepsy, n=12) and a control group of 25 non-epileptic children. Behavioral task performance and ERPs following both target and nontarget stimuli were compared across both study groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were found in the number of omission errors or commission errors or in the reaction times between groups. However, ERPs following target stimuli showed significantly higher amplitude in the epilepsy group compared to the control group over frontal and central regions within the time window between 250 and 425 ms poststimulus, what coincides with the time window of target-nontarget stimulus discrimination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that children with benign, well-controlled epilepsy show a different cortical activation pattern during a visual working memory task. We hypothesize that they need more brain processing effort to achieve the same performance level as their age matched controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Woman and Child, Section Paediatric Neurology, K.U.Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Myatchin
authors.forename: Maarten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mennes
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wouters
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stiers
authors.forename: Lieven
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lagae
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D018579:Patient Selection; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014796:Visual Perception