title: Antineuronal antibodies in OCD: comparisons in children with OCD-only, OCD+chronic tics and OCD+PANDAS.
abstract: Autoimmunity associated with a streptococcal infection has been proposed as a pathogenic mechanism for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children. Antibrain antibody profiles were compared in children with OCD-only (n = 13; 14.1 +/- 3.1 years), OCD+PANDAS (n = 20; 11.3 +/- 1.5 years), OCD+Chronic Tic Disorder (n = 23; 13.4 +/- 3.5 years), and controls (n = 29; 12.4 +/- 2.4 years) using ELISA (orbitofrontal (OFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), caudate (CD), cingulate gyrus (CG)), immunoblotting (four regions plus putative antigens), and immunohistochemistry. ELISA and immunohistochemistry showed no differences among groups. Immunoblot showed that a greater percentage of individuals in the OCD+PANDAS cohort had reactive bands at 27 kDa (CD, CG, DLPFC), 36 kDa (CD), and 100 kDa (CD, OFC) and increased peak height at 67 kDa (all regions). Immunoblotting studies using the putative antigens (pyruvate kinase M1, aldolase C, alpha- and gamma-enolase) did not differ among groups. ASO titers were similar in all groups and did not correlate with immunoassays. It remains controversial whether childhood OCD is associated with autoimmune mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gause
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Shilpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vernekar
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pardo-Villamizar
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Grados
authors.forename: Harvey S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Singer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology*; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000276:immunology; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000276:immunology*; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013981:Tic Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G