title: Type 3 choroidal neovascularization associated with fundus flavimaculatus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a patient with type 3 choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with fundus flavimaculatus (FFM), who underwent treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 78-year-old woman diagnosed with FFM presented at our department complaining of decreased vision and metamorphopsia in her left eye. Upon a complete ophthalmologic examination, including best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), the patient was diagnosed with type 3 CNV associated with FFM, and was submitted to intravitreal ranibizumab injections at monthly intervals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six months after 3 monthly injections of ranibizumab, the patient's BCVA improved from 20/64 to 20/32. FA and ICGA revealed a type 3 CNV closure, and the SD-OCT scan showed a fibrous scar replacing the type 3 CNV, with resolution of serous retinal detachment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case represents the first demonstration of type 3 CNV associated with FFM. Based on our findings, intravitreal ranibizumab may be considered as a therapeutic option for this rare association.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Université de Paris XII, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quijano
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Querques
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Massamba
authors.forename: Gisèle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soubrane
authors.forename: Eric H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Souied
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000069579:Ranibizumab; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D000069579:Ranibizumab