title: The influence of spouse lower cognitive function on partner health and well-being among community-dwelling older couples: moderating roles of gender and marital problems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze longitudinal relationships between older spouses' lower cognitive function and the health and well-being of their partners five years later and to assess the moderating roles of gender and marital problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 404 community-dwelling older couples from the Alameda County Study. Baseline cognitive function was measured with a scale assessing problems remembering names, finding the right word, misplacing things and paying attention. Follow-up measures included five health and well-being outcomes. Statistical models adjusted for paired data and included spouse and partner cognitive function as well as partner baseline values for each outcome. Interaction terms assessed gender differences; stratified models assessed the moderating roles of marital problems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Husbands' lower cognitive function was associated with subsequent poorer health and well-being for their wives; however, these associations were significant only for the 52% reporting few or no marital problems. Wives' lower cognitive function was not associated with any outcomes for their husbands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings support early identification of cognitive decline and development of assistive strategies for wives dealing with relationship changes associated with lower cognitive function in their husbands. Although our finding that associations were limited to wives in marriages with few or no problems is consistent with a communication framework, further research is necessary to better understand this strong gender difference.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States. bill.strawbridge@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: William Joseph
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Strawbridge
authors.forename: Margaret I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Wallhagen
authors.forename: Julie Ngoc
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Thai
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shema
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires