title: The long-term health consequences of relationship violence in adulthood: an examination of low-income women from Boston, Chicago, and San Antonio.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the long-term health consequences of relationship violence in adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using data from the Welfare, Children, and Families project (1999 and 2001), a probability sample of 2402 low-income women with children living in disadvantaged neighborhoods in Boston, Massachusetts; Chicago, Illinois; and San Antonio, Texas, we predicted changes in the frequency of intoxication, psychological distress, and self-rated health over 2 years with baseline measures of relationship violence and a host of relevant background variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our analyses showed that psychological aggression predicted increases in psychological distress, whereas minor physical assault and sexual coercion predicted increases in the frequency of intoxication. There was no evidence to suggest that relationship violence in adulthood predicted changes in self-rated health.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Experiences with relationship violence beyond the formative and developmental years of childhood and adolescence can have far-reaching effects on the health status of disadvantaged urban women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sociology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA. tdh@miami.edu
authors.forename: Terrence D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Ryan D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Lauren M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Angel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011203:Poverty; D012494:Sampling Studies; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult