title: [Effect of fentanyl on expression of mu-receptor and beta-arrestin 2 in periaqueductal gray of rats tolerant to morphine].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of fentanyl upon the expression of mu-receptor and beta-arrestin 2 in peri-aqueductal gray of morphine-tolerant rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty male SD rats weighing (230 +/- 20) g were randomly divided into 5 groups of eight animals each: group NS, group M, group MF1, group MF2 and group MF3. Rats in group NS received only subcutaneous normal saline 1 ml/kg twice a day for 9 consecutive days; group M received subcutaneous morphine 10 mg/kg followed by NS 1 ml/kg twice a day for 9 consecutive days; In groups MF1, MF2 and MF3, morphine 10 mg x kg(-1) was injected subcutaneously followed by fentanyl 3, 6, 12 microg/kg respectively. All animals were sacrificed at Day 9 after measurement of pain threshold. Periaqueductal gray was removed for determination of the expression of mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein (Western-blot) of mu-receptor and beta-arrestin 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with group NS, TFL of group M was significantly elevated after the first morphine injection (P < 0.01). But TFL of group M returned to the baseline value after chronic morphine treatment. Compared with group M, TFL increased in groups MF2 and MF3 at Days 7 and 9 (P < 0.05 or 0.01). However, TFL of group MF1 was negative (P > 0.05). The expression of mu-receptor mRNA and protein was significantly lower in group M than in group NS (P < 0.01). Compared with group M, the expressions of mu-receptor mRNA and protein were significantly elevated in group MF2 and MF3 (P < 0.05 or 0.01) but there was no significant change in group MF1 (P > 0.05). The expression of beta-arrestin 2 mRNA and protein significantly decreased in group M as compared with group NS (P < 0.01). Compared with group M, the expressions of beta-arrestin 2 mRNA and protein were significantly elevated in group MF2 and MF3 (P < 0.05 or 0.01), but there was no significant change in group MF1 (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fentanyl at 6 and 12 microg/kg can partly inhibit morphine tolerance through an increased expression of mu-receptor and beta-arrestin 2 in periaqueductal gray of morphine-tolerant rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital & Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China. liuruoshan@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ruo-shan
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiao-yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xuan-ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019390:Arrestins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010487:Periaqueductal Gray / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071560:beta-Arrestin 2; D000071557:beta-Arrestins
chemical_list: C000605257:Arrb2 protein, rat; D019390:Arrestins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D000071560:beta-Arrestin 2; D000071557:beta-Arrestins; D009020:Morphine; D005283:Fentanyl