title: Surgical treatment of congenital tracheal stenoses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the outcomes of patients undergoing repair of congenital tracheal stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective review of congenital tracheal stenosis patients treated between 2001 and 2007 at the University of São Paulo School of Medicine Hospital das Clínicas in São Paulo, Brazil.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six boys and one girl (age at diagnosis ranging from 28 days to 3 years) were included. Five of the patients also had cardiac or major vessel malformations. The stenosis length was short in three patients, medium in one and long in three. The techniques used were pericardial patch tracheoplasty in three patients, resection and anastomosis in two, slide tracheoplasty in one and vascular ring correction in one. One patient died during surgery due to hypoxia and hemodynamic instability, and one died from septic shock on postoperative day 11. Other complications included pneumonia, arrhythmia, stenosis at the anastomosis level, residual stenosis, granuloma formation and malacia. The mean follow-up period was 31 months; four patients were cured, and one required the use of a T tube to maintain airway patency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Congenital tracheal stenosis is a curable disease. However, its repair is complex and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of São Paulo School of Medicine Hospital das Clínicas, São Paulo, Brazil. rmterra@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Ricardo Mingarini
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Terra
authors.forename: Helio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minamoto
authors.forename: Lívia Caroline Barbosa
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Mariano
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: José Pinhata
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Otoch
authors.forename: Fabio Biscegli
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Jatene
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000151:congenital* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome