title: The use of NSAIDs in pediatric scoliosis surgery - a survey of physicians' prescribing practice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pediatric scoliosis surgery is associated with considerable postoperative pain requiring opioids for analgesia. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can be used as adjuvants for analgesia; however, the potential of these agents to affect bone healing raises concerns. No large-scale prospective studies have been performed to evaluate the benefit-to-risk ratio of NSAID use after pediatric scoliosis surgery. Given the lack of evidence in the literature, a survey of practice patterns of anesthesiologists from around the world was conducted with respect to the use of NSAIDs after pediatric spinal fusion surgery for scoliosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fourteen anesthesiologists from international academic pediatric hospitals were asked to complete an online survey. After 1 month, nonresponders were sent a second e-mail asking for their participation. All questions were developed specifically for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 80 anesthesiologists who responded 61 were included in the final analysis. Fifty-nine percent routinely use NSAIDs, the most common agents being intravenous ketorolac and oral ibuprofen. The majority of respondents begin to administer NSAIDs within the first three postoperative days for a duration of four or more days. The primary reason for not routinely prescribing NSAIDs was the risk of bone nonunion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This survey demonstrates that the practice patterns of pediatric anesthesiologists from around the world with respect to the administration of NSAIDs for the management of postoperative pain after pediatric spinal fusion reflects the conflicting evidence in the literature and the lack of high-quality studies in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. jason.hayes@sickkids.ca
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Carolyne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pehora
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bissonnette
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal