title: [Current status of prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in rural area in China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the current status of prevalence, prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rural area in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey of COPD was conducted in Beijing city, Shanghai city, Guangdong province, Liaoning province, Tianjin city, Chongqing province and Shanxi province. A population-based cluster sample was randomly selected from each rural area. In the selected community, all residents at least 40 years old were recruited, and interviewed with a modified standardized questionnaire from the international burden of obstructive lung diseases (BOLD) study. All participants were tested with spirometry. Those with airflow limitation were performed on post-bronchodilator spirometry. The post-bronchodilator a ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) less than 70% was defined as the diagnostic criteria of COPD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) Data of 9434 participants was valid for analysis, with a valid response rate of 83.6%; the prevalence of COPD in rural was 8.8% (830/9434), 12.8% in male and 5.4% in female. (2) The percentage of smoking and the exposure to biomass smoke in rural was 43.0% (4059/9434) and 83.1% (7835/9434) respectively; cigarettes cessation rate was 17.5%; only 12.4% (502/4059) of smokers had received advice to quit smoking. (3) Among COPD patients, only 30.0% (249/830) had ever been diagnosed as COPD, bronchitis, emphysema, or asthma, 2.4% (20/830) had ever received spirometric tests, and 74.5% were current smokers; only 7.9% (50/634) COPD patients in stage two or over had received regular drug treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was high prevalence and poor prevention and management for COPD in rural areas. Therefore, an enforced prevention and management for COPD are urgent.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Yu-min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wan-zhen
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Shao-guang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Bao-yuan
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chang-zheng
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dian-tao
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Xiao-ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Da-li
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sheng-ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jia-chun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Jin-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Nan-shan
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Pi-xin
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Ran
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012424:Rural Population; D012494:Sampling Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires