title: Diagnosis of miscarriages by molecular karyotyping: benefits and pitfalls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  About 50% of spontaneous abortions are caused by fetal chromosome abnormalities. Identification of these abnormalities helps to estimate recurrence risks in future pregnancies. However, due to culture failures or maternal contamination often no fetal karyotype can be obtained. Array comparative genomic hybridization can overcome some of these limitations.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we analyzed 103 miscarriages by both T-banding and 1-Mb array comparative genomic hybridization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found an overall abnormality rate of 35% (34 of 96). In a comparison of 70 samples that were successfully analyzed by both techniques, 54 (77%) had identical karyotypes (42 normal, 12 abnormal) and 16 (23%) cases showed discrepancies. Most of these differences were due to maternal contamination during cell culture, which resulted erroneously in a normal female karyotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate the improved diagnostic yield of array comparative genomic hybridization as compared with conventional karyotyping. Therefore, we implemented this technique in the diagnostic workup of miscarriages.
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Genetics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robberecht
authors.forename: Vicky
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schuddinck
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Fryns
authors.forename: Joris Robert
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Vermeesch
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D055028:Comparative Genomic Hybridization / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*