title: Bcl6 and Blimp-1 are reciprocal and antagonistic regulators of T follicular helper cell differentiation.
abstract: Effective B cell-mediated immunity and antibody responses often require help from CD4+ T cells. It is thought that a distinct CD4+ effector T cell subset, called T follicular helper cells (T(FH)), provides this help; however, the molecular requirements for T(FH) differentiation are unknown. We found that expression of the transcription factor Bcl6 in CD4+ T cells is both necessary and sufficient for in vivo T(FH) differentiation and T cell help to B cells in mice. In contrast, the transcription factor Blimp-1, an antagonist of Bcl6, inhibits T(FH) differentiation and help, thereby preventing B cell germinal center and antibody responses. These findings demonstrate that T(FH) cells are required for proper B cell responses in vivo and that Bcl6 and Blimp-1 play central but opposing roles in T(FH) differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology (LIAI), 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: Amanda C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Poholek
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: DiToro
authors.forename: Isharat
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yusuf
authors.forename: Danelle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eto
authors.forename: Burton
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Alexander L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Craft
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crotty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001117:Arenaviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018858:Germinal Center / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008217:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D000074462:Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C490010:Bcl6 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C513258:Prdm1 protein, mouse; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000074462:Positive Regulatory Domain I-Binding Factor 1