title: Insomnia, depression, and distress among outpatients with prostate cancer.
abstract: Limited information is known about insomnia, depression, and distress in men with prostate cancer. This study explored insomnia and its relationship to depression and distress in this population. Participants (N = 51) were recruited from a Veterans Affairs Medical Center outpatient clinic. Questionnaires included the Insomnia Severity Index, Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, and Impact of Event Scale. Findings indicated that many men had insomnia and depression with a moderate level of distress. Half the men with clinically significant insomnia also had clinically significant depression. Significant relationships were found among insomnia, depression, and distress. Implications for research and practice are offered.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing and Healthcare Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004-0698, USA. shannon.dirksen@asu.edu
authors.forename: Shannon Ruff
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Dirksen
authors.forename: Dana R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hoyt
mesh_terms: D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000451:nursing; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000451:nursing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000451:nursing; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000451:nursing; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014728:Veterans / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*