title: Cross-national time trends in bullying behaviour 1994-2006: findings from Europe and North America.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify trends over 12 years in the prevalence of bullying and associated victimization among adolescents in North American and European countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional self-report surveys were obtained from nationally representative samples of 11-15 year old school children in 21 countries in 1993/94 and in 27 countries in each of 1997/98, 2001/02 and 2005/06. Measures included involvement in bullying as either a perpetrator and/or victim.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consistent decreases in the prevalence of bullying were reported between 1993/94 to 2005/06 in most countries. Geographic patterns show consistent decreases in bullying in Western European countries and in most Eastern European countries. An increase or no change in prevalence was evident in almost all English speaking countries participating in the study (England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland and Canada, but not in the USA).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study findings demonstrated a significant decrease in involvement in bullying behaviour in most participating countries. This is encouraging news for policy-makers and practitioners working in the field of bullying prevention.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland. Michal.molcho@nuigalway.ie
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Molcho
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: Pernille
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Due
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pickett
authors.forename: Yossi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harel-Fisch
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Overpeck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D019548:Crime Victims; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009656:North America; D015995:Prevalence