title: Growth inhibitory activity of fatty acid methyl esters in the whole seed oil of madagascar periwinkle (Apocyanaceae) against Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
abstract: Crude hexane and water extracts of Catharanthus roseus Linn. (Syn: Vinca rosea) (Apocyanaceae) stem, leaf, and seed exhibited pesticidal activity against Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera Noctuidae). The extracts differed significantly in their efficacy, with the crude hexane extract of whole seed being the most effective in curtailing pupal survivorship to 18% followed by the hexane extracts of leaf (21%) and stem (24%). Average pupal weight (68.2 mg) and length (1.5 cm) in the whole seed treatment were drastically reduced, compared with the controls (415.2 mg and 2.72 cm), subsequently reducing adult emergence to 15.7%. SiO2 column purification yielded eight fractions of which fraction 1 exhibited 90% larval mortality, with severe reduction of the larvae weight (12.7 mg) and length (1.5 cm). Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of fraction 1 suggested the presence of 16 compounds, among which oleic, linoleic, palmitic, and margaric acids were detected as major constituents. Presence of the alkane hydrocarbons triacontane, tetracosane, and heptacosane also was noted.
authors.affiliation: Bioprospecting and Tissue Culture Laboratory, M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, 3rd Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, India.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Satyan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malarvannan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eganathan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajalakshmi
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030008:Catharanthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D009036:Moths / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts