title: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels in prevalent Australian dialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem in the general population. A high frequency of vitamin D deficiency in the pre-dialysis and dialysis populations has been observed overseas, but there is limited information regarding vitamin D levels in Australian dialysis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in 120 haemodialysis (HD) and 31 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. We defined vitamin D deficiency as a level <50 nmol/L and insufficiency as a level of 50-74 nmol/L. We assessed for correlation between vitamin D levels and markers of bone and mineral metabolism, age, sex, dialysis type, dialysis duration, haemoglobin and erythropoietin dose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the HD patients, 59 (49%) were frankly deficient and 39 (33%) had insufficiency. Of the PD patients, 24 (77%) were frankly deficient and 6 (19%) had insufficiency. Overall, only 23 patients (19%) had sufficient levels of vitamin D. Vitamin D levels were significantly lower in PD patients (P = 0.001), in females (P = 0.002) and in those with diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.03). There was no correlation between vitamin D levels and markers of bone and mineral metabolism, age, dialysis duration, haemoglobin or erythropoietin dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were very common in this cohort of prevalent Australian dialysis patients. Lower levels were associated with PD as treatment modality, female sex and diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Renal Medicine, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Singer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D