Primary gliosarcoma: key clinical and pathologic distinctions from glioblastoma with implications as a unique oncologic entity.
This report presents the historical experience, clinical presentation, treatment, prognosis, and pathogenesis of gliosarcoma described to date in the English literature. PubMed query of term "gliosarcoma" was performed, followed by a rigorous review of cited literature. Articles selected for analysis included: (1) case reports of gliosarcoma, (2) review articles of gliosarcoma, and (3) studies of the pathogenesis or genetics of gliosarcoma in humans. Our review identified 219 cases of gliosarcoma in 34 reports and eight articles addressing the pathogenesis. Survival in larger series ranged 4-11.5 months. Features unique to gliosarcoma compared to glioblastoma (GBM) include their temporal lobe predilection, potential to appear similar to a meningioma at surgery, repeated reports of extracranial metastases, and infrequency of EGFR mutations. Published experience is limited to small case series, and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Clinical and pathologic characteristics distinct from GBM suggest that they may warrant specific treatment, separate from conventional GBM therapy.
Han
Seunggu J
SJ
Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94117, USA.
Yang
Isaac
I
Tihan
Tarik
T
Prados
Michael D
MD
Parsa
Andrew T
AT
D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D018316:Gliosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008495:Medical Oncology; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D039781:PubMed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1