title: Radiofrequency ablation combined with KS-IL2 immunocytokine (EMD 273066) results in an enhanced antitumor effect against murine colon adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a common treatment modality for surgically unresectable tumors. However, there is a high rate of both local and systemic recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this preclinical study, we sought to enhance the antitumor effect of RFA by combining it with huKS-IL2 immunocytokine [tumor-specific monoclonal antibody fused to interleukin-2 (IL2)] in mice bearing CT26-KS colon adenocarcinoma. Mice were treated with RFA, huKS-IL2 via intratumoral injection, or combination therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of mice bearing s.c. tumors with RFA and huKS-IL2 resulted in significantly greater tumor growth suppression and enhanced survival compared with mice treated with RFA or huKS-IL2 alone. When subtherapeutic regimens of RFA or huKS-IL2 were used, tumors progressed in all treated mice. In contrast, the combination of RFA and immunocytokine resulted in complete tumor resolution in 50% of mice. Treatment of a tumor with RFA and intratumoral huKS-IL2 also showed antitumor effects against a distant untreated tumor. Tumor-free mice after treatment with RFA and huKS-IL2 showed immunologic memory based on their ability to reject subsequent challenges of CT26-KS and the more aggressive parental CT26 tumors. Flow cytometry analysis of tumor-reactive T cells from mice with complete tumor resolution showed that treatment with RFA and huKS-IL2 resulted in a greater proportion of cytokine-producing CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells compared with mice treated with RFA or huKS-IL2 alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that the addition of huKS-IL2 to RFA significantly enhances the antitumor response in this murine model, resulting in complete tumor resolution and induction of immunologic memory.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery, Human Oncology, and Pediatrics and Paul P. Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
authors.forename: Erik E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Brett H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.forename: Ilia N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Buhtoiarov
authors.forename: Hillary D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Lum
authors.forename: Alexander L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rakhmilevich
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mahvi
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Gillies
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sondel
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007376:Interleukin-2; C494047:tucotuzumab celmoleukin