title: The effect of nanoparticle-enhanced photoacoustic stimulation on multipotent marrow stromal cells.
abstract: In this article, we report a novel nanoparticle-enhanced biophysical technique that differentiates multipotent marrow stromal cells (MSCs) toward osteoblasts. We show that a brief (10 min) daily nanoparticle-facilitated exposure of MSCs to nanosecond pulse laser-induced photoacoustic (PA) stimulation enhances their differentiation toward osteoblasts. To observe osteodifferentiation under PA stimulation, tissue culture plates were seeded with MSCs without the osteogenic culture supplements (OS, 0.01 M beta-glycerophosphate, 50 mg/L ascorbic acid, 10(-8) M dexamethasone) in the presence and absence of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium content, and osteopontin secretion were monitored as indicators of MSCs' differentiation toward osteoblasts. The PA stimulated groups show up to 612% increase in calcium content compared to the controls cultured with osteogenic supplements (without PA stimulation) after 16 days. Among the PA stimulated groups, at day 16, MSCs incubated with SWNTs at 10 microg/mL concentrations showed up to 97% greater calcium content than those that did not contain SWNTs. The results demonstrated that PA stimulation not only promotes osteogenesis but also is synergistically enhanced by the presence of nanoparticles and, thus, has major implications for bone regeneration applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2300, USA.
authors.forename: Danielle E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Jon P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Longtin
authors.forename: Balaji
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sitharaman
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium