title: 3',5'-Cyclic diguanylic acid elicits mucosal immunity against bacterial infection.
abstract: 3',5'-Cyclic diguanylic acid (cdiGMP) is emerging as a universal bacterial second messenger in regulating bacterial growth on surfaces. It has been recently shown that cdiGMP stimulates innate immunity and enhances antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. We herein report that intranasal (i.n.) administration with cdiGMP induces an acute but transient inflammatory response and activation of dendritic cells in the lungs. Moreover, i.n. immunization of mice with pneumococcal surface adhesion A (PsaA) in conjunction with cdiGMP elicited strong antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and secretory IgA antibody responses at multiple mucosal surfaces. More importantly, the immunized mice showed significantly reduced nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization. These results, for the first time, provide direct evidence for the induction of protection against mucosal bacterial infections by cdiGMP as an adjuvant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. tyan@brocku.ca
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Rhonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: KuoLee
authors.forename: Kha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tram
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Jianbing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Girishchandra B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Wangxue
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C062025:bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid; D006152:Cyclic GMP