title: Highly sensitive and selective poly(vinyl chloride)-membrane potentiometric sensors based on a calix[4]arene derivative for 2-furaldehyde.
abstract: A 2-furaldehyde-selective PVC-membrane electrode is designed based on the host-guest interaction between tetrabenzyl ether Calix[4]arene, as an ionophore, and a lipophilic hydrazone derivative generated in situ from reaction of 2-furaldehyde and Girard's reagent T. At a pH of 9.2, the electrode exhibits a Nernstian response over the 2-furaldehyde concentration range of (5.0 x 10(-5))-(1.0 x 10(-1)) M. The electrode has found to be chemically inert and of adequate stability with a response time of 15 s with a good reproducibility (+/-0.2 mV) and can be used for a long working lifetime. In order to improve the minimum detectable concentration of 2-furaldehyde, further studies have been performed using a coated graphite electrode and coated platinum and gold disks. Some analytical aspects of adsorptive square wave voltammetry have also been presented in order to elucidate the adduct formation between 2-furaldehyde and Girard's reagent T. The interfering effects of some Na(+), K(+), NH(4)(+), formaldehyde, 5-hydroxymethyl 2-furaldehyde (HMF), excess of Girard's reagent T and organic solvents such as isopropyl alcohol and N,N-dimethylformamide on the sensor's response have been studied. The viability of using the electrode for the trace determination of 2-furaldehyde in several Iranian oil refinery wastewater samples is also demonstrated. The results obtained from the developed method for real samples are compared with those from UV-spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatographic experiments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. mshamsipur@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mojtaba
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shamsipur
authors.forename: Ali Akbar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Miran Beigi
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teymouri
authors.forename: Solmaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rasoolipour
authors.forename: Zouhair
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Asfari
mesh_terms: D047250:Calixarenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010636:Phenols; C121325:calix(4)arene; D047250:Calixarenes; D005662:Furaldehyde