Synthesis and application of calix[4]arene based resin for the removal of azo dyes.
The present study describes a novel synthetic method for the immobilization of calix[4]arene (II) onto the surface of modified Amberlite XAD-4 resin (4), which does not require the derivatization of calixarene moiety. The novel calix[4]arene based resin (C4 resin) 5 was used as sorbent for the removal of azo dyes. Batch-wise sorption study was carried out and observed that the C4 resin (5) is more effective as compared to compound II as well as pure Amberlite XAD-4 resin (1) to remove the selected dyes [i.e. Reactive Black-5 (RB-5), Reactive Red-45 (RR-45) and Congo Red (CR)]. The effect of sorbent dosage and pH on % sorption was studied. During the extraction process, various kinds of interactions such as electrostatic repulsion, deprotonation of the hydroxyl groups of C4 resin, dissociation of reactive dyes into anions/cations and structural variations were monitored and found that they are highly pH dependent.
Kamboh
Muhammad Afzal
MA
National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
Solangi
Imam Bakhsh
IB
Sherazi
S T H
ST
Memon
Shahabuddin
S
D000327:Adsorption; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D047250:Calixarenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D055672:Static Electricity; D013696:Temperature; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011145:Polyvinyls; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D047250:Calixarenes; C012101:XAD-4 resin; C046797:amberlite