title: Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus sp. nov., a psychrotrophic bacterium isolated from Antarctica.
abstract: A psychrotrophic Arthrobacter strain, GP3(T), was isolated from Adélie penguin guano from Antarctica and characterized. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the novel strain showed the highest similarity (97.8 %) with that of Arthrobacter psychrolactophilus B7(T). The novel strain showed a morphological change from rod to coccus. The growth temperature range of strain GP3(T) was 0-25 degrees C, with optimal growth at 20 degrees C. The strain grew over a salinity range of between 0 and 3 % (w/v) NaCl and the optimal pH for growth was pH 6-8. Strain GP3(T) contained anteiso-C(15 : 0) as the major fatty acid. The major menaquinone was MK-9(H(2)). The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was of the A3alpha variant. The DNA G+C content of strain GP3(T) was 58.5 mol%. Strain GP3(T) was able to hydrolyse chitin, Tween 80, starch, cellulose and lactose, but not gelatin, lecithin or urea. In addition to these physiological characteristics, DNA-DNA hybridization studies clearly differentiated strain GP3(T) from A. psychrolactophilus. The combined results of phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic studies indicated that strain GP3(T) represents a novel species of the genus Arthrobacter. The name Arthrobacter psychrochitiniphilus sp. nov. (type strain GP3(T)=JCM 13874(T)=CGMCC 1.6355(T)) is proposed in recognition of the strain's strong chitin-utilizing ability.
authors.affiliation: Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Fengping
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yingbao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gai
authors.forename: Mingxia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000864:Antarctic Regions; D001173:Arthrobacter / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S