title: Psychosocial risk factors for coronary heart disease in UK South Asian men and women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  South Asian people in the UK and other western countries have elevated rates of coronary heart disease (CHD). Psychosocial factors contribute to CHD risk, but information about psychosocial risk profiles in UK South Asians is limited. This study aimed to examine the profile of conventional and novel psychosocial risk factors in South Asian compared with white men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a cross-sectional population study design, psychosocial profiles were assessed in 1130 South Asian and 818 white European healthy men and women aged between 35 and 75 years, who had previously participated in a cardiovascular risk assessment programme in West London. Psychosocial factors potentially contributing to CHD risk were assessed using standardised questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  UK South Asians reported significantly higher psychosocial adversity compared with UK whites. South Asian men and women experienced greater chronic stress, in the form of financial strain, residential crowding, family conflict, social deprivation and discrimination, than white Europeans. They had larger social networks, but reported lower social support and greater depression and hostility. These effects were largely independent of socioeconomic status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  UK South Asians experience significant psychosocial adversity compared with UK white Europeans. This is consistent with the heightened vulnerability to CHD observed in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK. emily.williams@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steptoe
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chambers
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kooner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011610:Psychosocial Deprivation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data