Prognostic significance of periprocedural versus spontaneously occurring myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes: an analysis from the ACUITY (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy) trial.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relative impact of spontaneously occurring and periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI) on survival after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).


BACKGROUND
The clinical significance of periprocedural MI after PCI remains uncertain.


METHODS
Outcomes during a 1-year follow-up were evaluated among 7,773 patients enrolled in the ACUITY (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage Strategy) trial with a non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome in whom PCI was performed.


RESULTS
Periprocedural MI developed in 466 patients (6.0%), and spontaneous MI unrelated to PCI subsequently developed in 200 patients (2.6%). Patients developing spontaneous and periprocedural MI compared with those patients without MI had significantly greater unadjusted rates of mortality at 30 days (5.0% vs. 3.2% vs. 0.8%, respectively, p < 0.0001) and at 1 year (16.0% vs. 6.0% vs. 2.6%, respectively, p < 0.0001). In a time-updated multivariable analysis, after adjusting for differences in baseline and procedural characteristics between the groups, we found that spontaneous MI was a powerful independent predictor of subsequent mortality (hazard ratio: 7.49, 95% confidence interval: 4.95 to 11.33, p < 0.0001), whereas periprocedural MI was not a significant predictor of mortality (hazard ratio: 1.30, 95% confidence interval: 0.85 to 1.98, p = 0.22).


CONCLUSIONS
Among patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI, the spontaneous development of an MI unrelated to PCI is a powerful predictor of subsequent mortality. In contrast, periprocedural MI is a marker of baseline risk, atherosclerosis burden, and procedural complexity but in most cases does not have independent prognostic significance. (Comparison of Angiomax Versus Heparin in Acute Coronary Syndromes [ACS]; NCT00093158).
Prasad
Abhiram
A
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Gersh
Bernard J
BJ
Bertrand
Michel E
ME
Lincoff
A Michael
AM
Moses
Jeffrey W
JW
Ohman
E Magnus
EM
White
Harvey D
HD
Pocock
Stuart J
SJ
McLaurin
Brent T
BT
Cox
David A
DA
Lansky
Alexandra J
AJ
Mehran
Roxana
R
Stone
Gregg W
GW
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors