title: Acute renal vein thrombosis, oral contraceptives, and protein S deficiency: a successful catheter-directed thrombolysis.
abstract: Acute renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is a rare but noteworthy form of venous thromboembolism. Traditional management has been systemic anticoagulation with heparin, followed by warfarin. We report a case of acute RVT with multiple pulmonary emboli that occurred in a 40-year-old woman who was taking oral contraceptives and was subsequently found to have protein S deficiency. The patient was treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis, and complete resolution of the RVT was achieved. This case suggests that oral contraceptive use in a patient with protein S deficiency may interact in a synergistic manner in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Also, we believe that catheter-directed thrombolysis is warranted in selective cases in the absence of overriding contraindications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Kee
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyang Hee
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huh
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D010690:Phlebography / Q000379:methods; D018455:Protein S Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator