Adolescent depressive symptomatology and young adult educational attainment: an examination of gender differences.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between depressive symptomatology during adolescence and educational attainment in young adulthood and to determine whether this association varies by gender.


METHODS
This study uses data from the first and third waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). Symptoms associated with depression are assessed at Wave 1 with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Educational attainment is assessed at Wave 3. Measures include failure to complete high school and failure to enter college (among high school graduates). The analytic sample contains 14,232 respondents aged 11-21 years at Wave 1 and aged 18-28 years at Wave 3. Approximately half the sample is female.


RESULTS
Adjusting for individual and family-level characteristics, depressive symptomatology during adolescence is associated with increased odds of failure to complete high school, but only for girls. Among high school graduates of both genders, depressive symptomatology is associated with failure to enter college.


CONCLUSIONS
This study offers support for the hypothesis that mental health problems experienced early in the life course impair status attainment.
Needham
Belinda L
BL
Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-1152, USA. bneedham@uab.edu
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult