title: Sustained remission achieved with ATRA and chemotherapy in second relapse of acute promyelocytic leukemia in Down syndrome.
abstract: Children with Down syndrome (DS) are at an increased risk of developing acute leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia predominates among DS children below 4 years of age but acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has rarely been reported in DS. Acute myeloid leukemia in DS is extremely sensitive to treatment but the optimum treatment of de novo or relapsed APL in DS is not known. We describe a child with DS and APL, who despite having a multiply relapsing course, achieved a third remission with ATRA and chemotherapy, which is sustained with maintenance therapy. A brief review of literature is also presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dr BRA Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Indranil
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Lalit
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Rachna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seth
authors.forename: Vasantha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thavraj
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014212:Tretinoin