title: Loss of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 expression predicts metachronous pulmonary metastasis and poor survival in patients with hepatoblastoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen family of immunoglobulin-like adhesion molecules. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that loss of CEACAM1 expression in hepatoblastoma cells may promote hematogeneous metastasis and function as an adverse prognostic factor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical expression of CEACAM1 in surgically resected specimens from 19 patients with hepatoblastoma was examined retrospectively. The CEACAM1 expression in the epithelial area of the tumor was classified into 2 categories as follows: diffuse expression, characterized by positive staining throughout the tumor specimen, or loss of expression, in which there were distinct areas of negative staining within the tumor specimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 19 patients, 12 were classified as having tumors with diffuse expression, and 7 had loss-of-expression tumors. Survival after treatment was significantly worse in patients with tumors with loss of CEACAM1 expression (cumulative 5-year survival rate, 29%) than in patients with diffuse CEACAM1 expression (cumulative 5-year survival rate, 92%; P = .0062). Loss of CEACAM1 expression was a significant risk factor for metachronous pulmonary metastases (P = .0105).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Loss of CEACAM1 expression may reflect a high metastatic potential and thus indicate a poor prognosis for patients with hepatoblastoma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakai
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Pavel V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Korita
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ajioka
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kubota
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D018197:Hepatoblastoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007223:Infant; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C069847:CD66 antigens; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules