title: Association between migraine, anxiety and depression.
abstract: Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between self-reported medical diagnosis of migraine, self-reported depressive symptomology (RDS) and self-reported anxious symptomology (RAS) in the National Health Interview Survey (n = 30 852). Semipartial squared correlations evaluated the population-level variability between RDS, RAS and migraine impairment. Migraine prevalence was 15.2% (overall), 20.5% (women) and 9.4% (men). Migraine risk was higher in participants with RAS [odds ratio (OR) 2.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.09, 2.52), with RDS (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.93, 2.58), who smoked (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.09, 1.30), or who consulted a mental health provider (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.27, 1.65). Although migraine risk was increased in both women (OR 1.93) and men (OR 2.42) with RAS (P < 0.001), men with RAS had a higher migraine risk than did women with RAS (P < 0.001). Only 7% of the variability in migraine impairment (population level) was predicted by variability in RDS and/or RAS.
authors.affiliation: Endo Pharmaceuticals Inc, Chadds Ford, PA, USA.
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Buse
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Lipton
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors