Risk factors, prevention and early detection of prostate cancer.
Approximately one in six men in the United States will develop prostate cancer during their lifetime. Genetic and environmental variables play a role in determining prostate cancer risk. This article highlights the latest evidence regarding the risk factors for prostate cancer. The current screening strategies using prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination are also discussed, as well as the limitations of these protocols and potential methods for improving early detection.
Loeb
Stacy
S
Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, 600 N Wolfe Street, Marburg 1, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. stacyloeb@gmail.com
Schaeffer
Edward M
EM
D015897:Comorbidity; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D055553:Prescription Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects; D011320:Primary Health Care; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors
D055553:Prescription Drugs; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen