title: New concepts in herpes simplex virus vaccine development: notes from the battlefield.
abstract: The recent discovery that T cells recognize different sets of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 epitopes from seropositive symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals might lead to a fundamental immunologic advance in vaccine development against herpes infection and diseases. The newly introduced needle-free mucosal (i.e., topical ocular and intravaginal) lipopeptide vaccines provide a novel strategy that might target ocular and genital herpes and possibly provide 'heterologous protection' from HIV-1. Indeed, mucosal self-adjuvanting lipopeptide vaccines are easy to manufacture, simple to characterize, extremely pure, cost-effective, highly immunogenic and safe. In this review, we bring together recent published and unpublished data that illuminates the status of epitope-based herpes vaccine development and present an overview of our recent approach to an 'asymptomatic epitope'-based lipopeptide vaccine.
authors.affiliation: The Gavin S Herbert Eye Institute, Cellular and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, Irvine, College of Medicine, Irvine, CA 92697-4375, USA. gdasgupt@uci.edu
authors.forename: Gargi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dasgupta
authors.forename: Aziz A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Chentoufi
authors.forename: Anthony B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Nesburn
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wechsler
authors.forename: Lbachir
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: BenMohamed
mesh_terms: D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines; D055666:Lipopeptides