title: Effect of melatonin implants on sexual activity in Mediterranean goat females without separation from males.
abstract: This work was designed to determine whether melatonin treatment at the spring equinox can induce reproductive activity in goats without separation from males (separation being the normal practice in Spanish farming systems) and whether this treatment modifies the onset of the natural breeding season. Twenty-nine entire does were distributed into two groups (Group M, n=14; Group C, n=15). A third group of ovariectomized, estradiol-treated goats (OVX group, n=5) was used to study the effect of melatonin on reproductive activity. On March 18, Groups M and OVX received a subcutaneous melatonin implant. In entire females, estrus was tested daily using entire aproned males, and ovulation rate was assessed after identification of estrus. Plasma progesterone in entire goats, plasma luteinizing hormone (LH) in the OVX group, and live weight and body condition score for all animals were recorded once a week. In entire goats, a clear treatment by time interaction was observed for progesterone concentrations (P<0.001), with a period of high progesterone concentrations during the natural seasonal anestrus in Group M. A similar period of high LH concentrations was observed in the OVX group. Whereas all females of Group M presented ovarian activity during this period, no female of Group C did. The resumption of the natural breeding season was retarded in Group M in comparison with that in Group C (P<0.05). We can conclude that in Mediterranean goats, melatonin implants can induce reproductive activity without separation from males, and it causes a small retardation in the reactivation of reproductive activity in the natural breeding season.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Universidad de Huelva, Carretera de Palos de la Frontera s/n, Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, Spain. zarazaga@uhu.es
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Zarazaga
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gatica
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Celi
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guzmán
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Malpaux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001947:Breeding; D004343:Drug Implants; D004971:Estrus / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000502:physiology*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D008550:Melatonin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010060:Ovulation / Q000187:drug effects; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012621:Seasons; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D011374:Progesterone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D008550:Melatonin