title: [Acute kidney injury in severe sepsis].
abstract: Sepsis affects 40% of critically ill patients, with a reported mortality of approximately 30% in severe sepsis, raising to 75% when acute kidney injury ensues, which occurs in about 20-51% of cases. The present study consists on a one-year prospective, observational, longitudinal trial undergone in 80 severe septic patients to determine the risk of development of acute kidney injury and its relationship with mortality; the association of the clinical course and blood parameter variations with mortality; the severe sepsis mortality rate; an eventual correlation between death and septic focus, and to assess mortality predictibility based on initial creatinine levels and final variations. Two groups were defined: Dead (n=25) and Not-dead (n=55). According to creatinine on admission, 39 subjects presented with normal creatinine levels (10 deaths) and 41 presented elevated creatinine measurements (15 deaths); regarding final creatinine levels, 48 presented normal levels and 7 patients died, while 32 developed acute kidney injury, with 18 deaths. Of the total of 25 deaths, 72% presented renal injury. Seven alive patients and 2 deceased patients required hemodialysis. The most frequent primary septic focus was the airway (26.4%). The development of kidney injury is a high predictor of mortality in sepsis, independent of initial serum creatinine levels. Older patients, hypertension, a higher APACHE score, a more severe degree of anemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperphosphatemia and hyperkalemia were associated with a higher mortality rate. The global mortality was: 31.3%. The failure to identify the primary septic focus was associated with higher mortality. The respiratory focus was related with a higher risk to require hemodialysis.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Británico, Buenos Aires, Argentina. htrimarchi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hernán
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Trimarchi
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nozieres
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cámpolo Girard
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lombi
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Vanesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pomeranz
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forrester
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine