title: The utility of FDG-PET for detecting multiple primary cancers in hypopharyngeal cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the utility of 2'-[18F]-fluoro-2'-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) for detecting multiple primary cancers (MPC) in patients with hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy patients with HPC underwent FDG-PET to determine the staging. Routine clinical examinations were carried out, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound (US), and oesophagealgastroduodenoscopy (EGDS). The detection rate of synchronous and metachronous cancer was calculated based on FDG-PET alone or FDG-PET combined with clinical routine examination. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV), negative predictive values (NPV), and accuracy were used to diagnose oesophageal cancer using FDG-PET.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 70 patients, 12 (17.1%) had 15 synchronous tumours, and 2 of the 58 remaining patients (3.4%) had metachronous tumours. Oesophageal cancer was discovered most frequently: superficial type (n=6), advanced type (n=4). On a per-patient basis, 11 of 12 patients (91.6%) were diagnosed with synchronous tumours, and on a per-lesion basis, 12 of 15 lesions (80.0%) were detected by FDG-PET. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of FDG-PET regarding oesophageal cancer were 70%, 100%, 95.7%, 100%, and 95.2% respectively. Three of the six superficial types were positive on FDG-PET. Both of the metachronous tumour lesions were detected by FDG-PET.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDG-PET is useful for estimating the MPC in HPC patients. Since 3 of 10 synchronous oesophageal cancer were missed with PET alone, a combination with EGDS should be considered to exclude synchronous oesophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, PET Center, Department of Radiology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan. hayato@med.kurume-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaibara
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayabuchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18