title: In vivo analysis of tissue response to plasma-treated collagen-I-coated titanium alloys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo tissue response to low-pressure plasma-pretreated collagen-I-coated titanium implant in a middle-term mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma-treated collagen-coated titanium implants were transplanted into the dorsal skinfold chambers of BALB/c mice. Untreated, regular titanium implant material served as control. The neovascularization (functional vessel density) of the implant border zone and of the surrounding muscle tissue was analysed by intravital fluorescence microscopy. Additional histological analysis was performed to observe the inflammatory reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis revealed that the vessel density in the border zone of the implants was significantly enhanced in the plasma-treated collagen-I-coated group compared to controls. The histological examination of the two groups confirmed that the inflammatory response to the collagen-coated titanium implants was reduced compared to controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma pretreatment and collagen I coating of titanium implant material leads to an enhanced tissue vascularization and a reduced inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, BG Trauma Center Bergmannsheil University Hospital, Bochum, Germany. joerg.hauser@rub.de
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ring
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schaffran
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Henrich
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Esenwein
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Steinau
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stricker
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Langer
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D000818:Animals; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000009:adverse effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D020007:Implants, Experimental / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D024042:Collagen Type I; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D014025:Titanium