title: Thyroid function and thyroid autoimmunity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia off-therapy patients treated only with chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Scanty data are available about the thyroid function in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) off-therapy patients treated only with chemotherapy. We aimed to assess the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity and thyroid dysfunction in such patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four patients diagnosed with ALL and treated only with chemotherapy. Mean age at diagnosis 5.9+/-3.6 yr, at recruitment 12.1+/-4.3 yr. The treatment had been stopped 4.3+/-3.2 yr before recruitment. A control group of 60 subjects was recruited. Free T4, TSH, anti-thyroperoxidase, and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies were negative in all patients. TSH was increased in 7 patients (8.3%) and 3 controls (5.0%). Free T4 was within the normal limits in all patients and controls.Mean TSH and free T4 levels did not statistically differ between controls and ALL offtherapy patients. TSH was negatively correlated with the age at the diagnosis (p=0.01) and the age at the end of therapy (p=0.008). Anti-thyroglobulin and/or anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies were detected in 3 controls (5%; vs study group: p=0.038), 1 of them with increased TSH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some patients present hyperthyrotropinemia, without anti-thyroid antibodies, with a prevalence comparable to the control group. The thyroid gland seems more prone to be damaged by chemotherapy at a younger age. We think that a thyroid follow- up in ALL off-therapy patients may be advisable and should be differentiated on the basis of the age at the end of treatment, with more frequent tests for younger patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedicine of Developing Age, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy. lucicava@tin.it.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delvecchio
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cecinati
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Brescia
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Faienza
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Mattia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Santoro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000276:immunology*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001323:Autoantibodies; C006606:anti-thyroglobulin; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine