title: Acute limb ischemia caused by femoral arterial line induces remote liver injury in a rabbit model of liver ischemia/reperfusion injury.
abstract: Femoral arterial lines are used for continuous monitoring of arterial blood pressure in experimental studies. However, placement of a catheter in the femoral artery could produce acute limb ischemia with associated systemic effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of femoral arterial line insertion on liver function, in a rabbit liver lobar ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model. Four groups of animals (n = 6 each) were studied: groups 1 and 2 (sham) underwent laparotomy but no liver ischemia. In groups 3 and 4 (I/R), liver lobar ischemia was induced for 60 minutes followed by 7 hours of reperfusion. In groups 1 and 3, the arterial line was placed in the femoral artery whereas in groups 2 and 4 in the ear artery. Liver function was assessed by serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, bile flow, plasma lactate levels, and histology. Results are expressed as mean +/- SEM. Alanine aminotransferase activity and lactate levels were significantly higher in the I/R femoral line group compared with the I/R ear line group at 7 hours postreperfusion. Bile production was significantly lower (75 +/- 9.6 vs 112 +/- 10 microL/min per 100 g liver weight). Histopathology showed more extensive hepatocellular necrosis and neutrophil accumulation in the I/R femoral line group compared with I/R ear line group. The sham femoral group showed liver injury, which was more marked than the ear line group (all P < .05). In conclusion, femoral artery cannulation induces remote liver injury. The use of femoral arterial lines should be avoided in experimental studies concerning liver function.
authors.affiliation: HPB and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Greece. gglantzounis@gmail.com
authors.forename: Georgios K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Glantzounis
authors.forename: Hemant
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.forename: Cecil
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Tariq S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Hafez
authors.forename: Sanjeev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanoria
authors.forename: Viniyendra
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pamecha
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Dimitri P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Mikhailidis
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Seifalian
authors.forename: Brian R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Davidson
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004423:Ear / Q000098:blood supply*; D005121:Extremities / Q000098:blood supply*; D005263:Femoral Artery; D006339:Heart Rate; D007511:Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D009336:Necrosis; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration; D011817:Rabbits; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019344:Lactic Acid; D000410:Alanine Transaminase