title: Cell death: a new Par-4 the TRAIL.
abstract: The protein Par-4 acts in the cytoplasm to trigger cell death signaling via caspase activation and the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c. Burikhanov et al. (2009) now provide surprising evidence that Par-4 can also promote apoptosis from outside the cell, after its secretion in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Cell Cycle Regulation, Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Lori S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Wafik S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: El-Deiry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018179:Receptors, Thrombin; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C112908:protease-activated receptor 4