title: Coagulation factors IX through XIII and the risk of future venous thrombosis: the Longitudinal Investigation of Thromboembolism Etiology.
abstract: Higher levels of procoagulant factors and factor XII deficiency may be risk factors for first venous thromboembolism (VTE). We studied associations of coagulation factors IX through XIII with risk of future VTE in 2 general population samples. Using a nested case-control study combining the 21 860 participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study and the Cardiovascular Health Study, we determined antigenic levels of these coagulation factors in primarily pre-event blood samples from 462 participants who subsequently developed VTE and 1047 participants who remained free of VTE. Only elevated levels of factors IX and XI were associated with increased risk of VTE after adjustment for age, sex, race, and study. For factor IX, the odds ratio (OR) was 1.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-2.0) comparing the top to bottom quintile. The OR for factor XI was higher: 2.0 (95% CI, 1.4-2.9). With further adjustment for body mass index and diabetes, only elevated factor XI remained associated with VTE risk: OR 1.8 (95% CI, 1.3-2.7). Associations were similar by study and whether the thrombosis was idiopathic or secondary. Factor XII deficiency was not related to VTE risk. Among these procoagulant factors, only elevated factor XI was a risk factor for VTE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cushman
authors.forename: Ellen S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: O'Meara
authors.forename: Aaron R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Folsom
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Heckbert
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005164:Factor IX / Q000378:metabolism*; D005170:Factor X / Q000378:metabolism*; D005172:Factor XI / Q000378:metabolism*; D005174:Factor XII / Q000378:metabolism*; D005176:Factor XIII / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D005164:Factor IX; D005170:Factor X; D005174:Factor XII; D005172:Factor XI; D005176:Factor XIII