title: Determination of phthalates and adipate in physiological saline solutions by solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography.
abstract: This study describes an analytical methodology developed for determination of phthalate esters (di-n-butyl, butylbenzyl and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) and adipate (di-n-ethylhexyl adipate) by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography in normal saline solutions and, in bi-distilled water used to reconstitute medicines. An 85-microm-polyacrylate SPME fiber was selected and used in all analyses. The parameters affecting extraction efficiency were simultaneously optimized, firstly by means of a two-level full factorial design including a center point and subsequently through a Doehlert design for two-variables. Satisfactory detection limits in the range of 0.18 to 0.75 microg L(-1) and excellent precision, with relative standard deviation values being lower than 15.1% (n = 6), were obtained. Relative sensitivities of between 72.3 and 124.3% were obtained.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcel Silveira
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Dilma
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Budziak
authors.forename: Edmar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martendal
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carasek
mesh_terms: D000272:Adipates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D010795:Phthalic Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D052617:Solid Phase Microextraction / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000272:Adipates; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D010795:Phthalic Acids; D014867:Water; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C032279:phthalic acid; C029900:adipic acid