title: Therapeutic effect of Aralia cordata extracts on cartilage protection in collagenase-induced inflammatory arthritis rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aralia cordata has been used to alleviate symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA) in traditional medicine. However, there is no in vivo study related with the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Aralia cordata. On the basis of this background, our study was designed to examine the cartilage protective and proliferative effects of Aralia cordata by using a collagenase-induced osteoarthritis (CIA) rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The right knees of rabbits were injected intra-articularly with collagenase, and rabbits were orally administered with distilled water (vehicle), Aralia cordata (200mg/kg) and celecoxib (100mg/kg) once a day for 28 days after the initiation of the CIA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In histopathologic studying by using H&E and Safranin O staining, Aralia cordata showed a cartilage protective effect in CIA rabbit femoral condyle. However, celecoxib had no effect on cartilage protection in CIA. The inflammatory mediators involved in cartilage destruction, such as COX-2 and PGE(2), were inhibited in the Aralia cordata-treated group. Aralia cordata also showed an anti-apoptotic effect through suppression of caspase-3 activity and chondrocyte proliferation induction in both in vivo and in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that Aralia cordata showed cartilage protective effects through the down-regulations of COX-2 expression, PGE(2) production, caspase-3 activity, and chondrocyte proliferation in the CIA rabbit model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, East-West Neo Medical Center, KyungHee University, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 134-727, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Suk
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeung-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: Yong-Hyeon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Baek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D027983:Aralia; D001168:Arthritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000068579:Celecoxib; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017364:Collagenases; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D053148:Caspase 3; D017364:Collagenases; D000068579:Celecoxib; D015232:Dinoprostone