Risk factors for micro and macrovascular disease in black and white patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of chronic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is higher in black patients. The reason for this finding is still unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze the micro and macrovascular risk factor profile of type 2 DM patients without advanced diabetic nephropathy according to ethnicity.


METHODS
A cross-sectional multicentric regional study was conducted evaluating 780 patients. All patients were submitted to clinical and laboratory evaluation. Ethnicity was self-reported as white (n = 585) or black (n = 195).


RESULTS
Black patients had lower triglycerides [115 (35-892) vs. 152 (34-1236) mg/dl; P <0.001] and higher HDL-cholesterol levels than whites (48.3 +/- 13.5 vs. 44.8 +/- 12.1 mg/dl; P = 0.002).White and black patients did not differ regarding fasting plasma glucose, A1c test, total and LDL cholesterol, blood pressure levels, insulin and HOMA-IR. There were no differences between groups regarding medication in use (statin: 18.5 vs. 19.3%, P = 1.000; fibrates: 1.5 vs. 0.7%, P = 0.680; angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors: 39.5 vs. 43.8%, P = 0.375; acetylsalicylic acid: 29.9 vs. 27.7%, P = 0.673).


CONCLUSIONS
There were no differences in the prevalence of the classic micro and macrovascular risk factors between ethnic groups. The study of non-conventional risk factors and genetic factors is essential to understand determinants of the worst outcomes presented by the African-Brazilian population.
Kramer
Caroline Kaercher
CK
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
Leitão
Cristiane Bauermann
CB
Pinto
Lana Catani
LC
Boza
Juliana
J
Silveiro
Sandra Pinho
SP
Gross
Jorge Luiz
JL
Canani
Luis Henrique
LH
D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000652:urine; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data