title: Bladder tumor in women with microscopic hematuria: an Iranian experience and a review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study we report our experience with microhematuria and its relation with bladder tumors in Iranian women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall 249 women were evaluated. Microscopic hematuria was defined as three or more red blood cells per high-power field on at least two different occasions. Patients with a history of gross hematuria or coagulation disorders, having organic diseases, urinary stones, urinary tract infections, nephrological diseases, and local lesions such as urethral caruncle were excluded from the study population. Final diagnosis of malignant tumors was done with cystoscopy and biopsy specimen pathological assessment in all cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age for the study population was 49.7 +/- 11.8 years. 95 (38%) of patients were identified during routine check up and presenting symptoms in other patients were frequency, dysuria, stress urge incontinence, urge incontinence, feeling of incomplete urine emptying, and flunk pain, respectively. Finally, 7 (2.8%) of study subjects were confirmed as having bladder tumors. One of tumor cases was diagnosed 24 months after initial assessments. Patients with bladder tumor were significantly older; more frequently had diverticulum in their bladder wall (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female microscopic hematuria is relevant and deserves evaluations, especially in elderly patients. Patients whose reason for microhematuria would not be diagnosed at the initial evaluations should be followed.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Taheri Medical Research Group, Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver diseases, Baqiyatallah Hospital, Mullasadra Ave, Tehran 1435915371, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abbaszadeh
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taheri
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nourbala