[Thrombolysis: achievements, problems, prospects].
Data on the mechanism of plasminogen activation by streptokinase, tissue and urokinase-type plasminogen activators (PAs) is reviewed. The regulatory role of fibrin in plasminogen activation involving its direct interaction with tissue-type PA and indirect interaction with streptokinase and urokinase-type PAs is demonstrated. Information on the current PAs use in thrombolytic therapy is also presented. The complications arising with administration of such thrombolytic agents are analyzed and the causes of complications are supposed. Recent information on the development of new PAs is also reviewed. The results of studies of PA mutant derivatives synthesized by recombinant DNA techniques as well as chimeric (hybrid) forms of PAs and their chemically synthesized conjugates are presented. The trend in search for PAs is analyzed. A new direction in the study of PAs for combined plasminogen activation and further development of the methods of thrombolytic therapy is outlined.
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D000818:Animals; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010958:Plasminogen