title: S-100B concentrations predict disease-free survival in stage III melanoma patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Elevation of the tumor marker S-100B in melanoma patients is a highly specific indicator of recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  The role of S-100B in disease-free survival (DFS) was evaluated in stage III melanoma patients (staged with fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography [FDG-PET] and computed tomography [CT]) with palpable lymph node metastases who underwent therapeutic lymph node dissection. S-100B and LDH were measured on the day before surgery (d = -1) and on days 1, 2, and 7 postoperatively. Multivariate logistic regression was used to study factors associated with preoperative elevation of S-100B. Univariate (log-rank test) and multivariate (Cox regression) survival analyses were performed to identify factors associated with DFS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 2004 and 2008, 56 patients (median age 57, range 24-93) years, 27 males (48%) and 29 females (52%) entered the study. Preoperative S-100B elevation was found in 27 patients (48%) and elevated LDH in 20 patients (36%). No association was found between these two markers at any time. Multivariate analysis showed that elevated S-100B preoperatively (hazard ratio [HR] 2.7, P = .03) was associated with DFS. S-100B elevation was associated with increased tumor size (odds ratio [OR] 3.40; P = .03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated S-100B preoperatively in patients with optimally staged clinical stage III melanoma is associated with decreased disease-free survival. S100-B could be used as a prognostic marker in the stratification of new adjuvant trials to select stage III melanoma patients for adjuvant systematic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kruijff
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bastiaannet
authors.forename: A C Muller
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kobold
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: van Ginkel
authors.forename: A J H
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Suurmeijer
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D019990:Perioperative Care; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase