title: Evaluation of the antiprotozoal activity of neo-clerodane type diterpenes from Salvia polystachya against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia.
abstract: Chia (Salvia polystachya Ort., Lamiaceae) is frequently used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat dysentery. In this study the main neo-clerodane diterpenes (polystachynes A, B and D, as well as linearolactone) were isolated from the aerial parts of chia, and their antiprotozoal activities toward Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia trophozoites were evaluated in vitro. Linearolactone was the most potent antiamoebic and antigiardial compound with IC(50) values of 22.9 microM for E. histolytica and 28.2 microM for G. lamblia. Polystachynes A, B and D, showed moderate antiprotozoal activity against both protozoans with IC(50) values ranging from 117.0 to 160.6 microM for E. histolytica and from 107.5 to 134.7 microM for G. lamblia. These data suggest that linearolactone may play an important role in the antidiarrhoeal activity of S. polystachya.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología de Productos Naturales, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, México DF, México. fercalber1@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Calzada
authors.forename: Lilian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yepez-Mulia
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tapia-Contreras
authors.forename: Elihú
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bautista
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortega
mesh_terms: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045785:Diterpenes, Clerodane / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004748:Entamoeba histolytica / Q000187:drug effects*; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000187:drug effects*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D015394:Molecular Structure; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D027544:Salvia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D045785:Diterpenes, Clerodane; D010936:Plant Extracts; C550304:linearolactone