title: A method for studying protistan diversity using massively parallel sequencing of V9 hypervariable regions of small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Massively parallel pyrosequencing of amplicons from the V6 hypervariable regions of small-subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes is commonly used to assess diversity and richness in bacterial and archaeal populations. Recent advances in pyrosequencing technology provide read lengths of up to 240 nucleotides. Amplicon pyrosequencing can now be applied to longer variable regions of the SSU rRNA gene including the V9 region in eukaryotes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present a protocol for the amplicon pyrosequencing of V9 regions for eukaryotic environmental samples for biodiversity inventories and species richness estimation. The International Census of Marine Microbes (ICoMM) and the Microbial Inventory Research Across Diverse Aquatic Long Term Ecological Research Sites (MIRADA-LTERs) projects are already employing this protocol for tag sequencing of eukaryotic samples in a wide diversity of both marine and freshwater environments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Massively parallel pyrosequencing of eukaryotic V9 hypervariable regions of SSU rRNA genes provides a means of estimating species richness from deeply-sampled populations and for discovering novel species from the environment.
authors.affiliation: The Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA. amaral@mbl.edu
authors.forename: Linda A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Amaral-Zettler
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: McCliment
authors.forename: Hugh W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Ducklow
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Huse
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D044822:Biodiversity; D017931:DNA Primers; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal