title: The muscle-specific microRNA miR-206 blocks human rhabdomyosarcoma growth in xenotransplanted mice by promoting myogenic differentiation.
abstract: Many microRNAs (miRNAs), posttranscriptional regulators of numerous cellular processes and developmental events, are downregulated in tumors. However, their role in tumorigenesis remains largely unknown. In this work, we examined the role of the muscle-specific miRNAs miR-1 and miR-206 in human rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a soft tissue sarcoma thought to arise from skeletal muscle progenitors. We have shown that miR-1 was barely detectable in primary RMS of both the embryonal and alveolar subtypes and that both miR-1 and miR-206 failed to be induced in RMS cell lines upon serum deprivation. Moreover, reexpression of miR-206 in RMS cells promoted myogenic differentiation and blocked tumor growth in xenografted mice by switching the global mRNA expression profile to one that resembled mature muscle. Finally, we showed that the product of the MET proto-oncogene, the Met tyrosine-kinase receptor, which is overexpressed in RMS and has been implicated in RMS pathogenesis, was downregulated in murine satellite cells by miR-206 at the onset of normal myogenesis. Thus, failure of posttranscriptional modulation may underlie Met overexpression in RMS and other types of cancer. We propose that tissue-specific miRNAs such as miR-1 and miR-206, given their ability to modulate hundreds of transcripts and to act as nontoxic differentiating agents, may override the genomic heterogeneity of solid tumors and ultimately hold greater therapeutic potential than single gene-directed drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology and Forensic Medicine, and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taulli
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bersani
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Foglizzo
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Linari
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vigna
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ladanyi
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuschl
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ponzetto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000502:physiology*; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; C491743:MET protein, human; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met