title: Ventricular fibrillation as the first manifestation of primary hyperaldosteronism.
abstract: 50 years old female patient, with history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, receiving metformin (500 mg BID) and atenolol (50 mg BID), presented to the Emergency Room with asthenia and dizziness. The patient was also receiving alternative medication (Dragon Blanco) which contains no licorice. During the emergency workup she developed syncope and three episodes of ventricular fibrillation. She was electrically defibrillated and treated with amiodarone and potassium replacement. The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit. Physical exam: BP: 160/90 mm Hg, RR: 15, Pulse: 83: Cardiovascular: grade II systolic murmur which irradiated to the neck. The rest of the examination was unremarkable. Labs: Na: 138 meg/dl, K: 1.6 meg/dl, Cl: 84 meg/dl, BUN: 17 mg/dl, Creat.: 1.1 mg/dl, Gluc.: 148 mg/dl, Renin: < 0.15 mcgr/ml, Aldosterone: 20.1 mcg%. Aldosterone-Renin ratio: 133. Chest X-Ray: cardiomegaly. EKG: RBBB, long QT segment and prominent broad "u" waves compatible with severe hypokalemia. A CT SCAN of the Abdomen/Pelvis showed a 3.2 cm right adrenal mass, most likely adenomatous. The patient was discharged with the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism. Due to the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and the three episodes of ventricular fibrillation, surgical treatment was postponed until stress tests and eventual coronary angiographic studies were performed. We found in our review of the medical literature 9 reports of fibrillation associated with hyperaldosteronism. Of those, only two were associated with primary aldosteronism, one of them with a fatal outcome. This case is highly unusual and emphasizes the importance of an adequate diagnosis of secondary hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Residency, Damas Hospital - Ponce School of Medicine Teaching Consortium, Ponce, Puerto Rico.
authors.forename: Yamila
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Quesada
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez Arzola
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bredy
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006929:Hyperaldosteronism / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology*