title: Successful stenting by combination technique of reverse flow and downstream filtering for long chronic total occlusion of the cervical vertebral artery: technical case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of successful recanalization using the combination technique of reverse flow and downstream filtering in chronic total occlusion of the bilateral vertebral artery (VA).
  
  
  METHODS
  A 59-year-old man had experienced attacks consisting of vertigo and/or dysarthria more than 1 year before presentation. He experienced symptoms despite the administration of antiplatelet drugs and presented to our institution. Diagnostic cerebral angiography demonstrated that the right VA was not occluded at the ostium but, rather, along its midcervical portion and that the left VA ended in the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Long chronic total occlusion of the right cervical VA was recanalized successfully and safely by reverse flow and downstream filtering with proximal flow blockade and a distal filter device positioned in the right brachial artery. Follow-up angiography at 1 year demonstrated no re-occlusion. The patient's symptoms disappeared after recanalization and did not recur. To our knowledge, there are no reports describing successful angioplasty and/or stenting for long chronic total occlusion of the cervical VA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stenting using the combination technique of reverse flow and downstream filtering can safely open even long chronic cervical VA occlusion and may be effective in the treatment of patients experiencing vertebrobasilar insufficiency due to bilateral chronic VA occlusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stroke Treatment, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kamakura, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tajiri
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakazaki
mesh_terms: D017130:Angioplasty / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004401:Dysarthria / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014715:Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014717:Vertigo / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors