title: Subcellular localization of APMCF1 and its biological significance of expression pattern in normal and malignant human tissues.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  APMCF1 is a novel human gene first cloned from apoptotic MCF-7 cells. Our previous study found ectogenic APMCF1 could induce G1 arrest in hepatocarcinoma cell line HHCC. In order to search its broad expression profile for further understanding of its mechanism in tumor, we investigated a subcellular location of APMCF1 and performed an immunohistochemistry study including various tumor and normal tissues. Discovery from the expression characterization of AMPCF1 may have applicability in the analysis of its biological function in tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated subcellular localization of APMCF1 by transient transfection in green monkey kidney epithelial cells (COS-7) with a fusion protein vector pEGFP-APMCF1 and detected expression profile in a broad range of normal and malignant human tissues via tissue microarray (TMA) by immunohistochemistry with polyclonal antibody first produced in our laboratory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EGFP-APMCF1 was generally localized in the cytoplasm of COS-7 cell. Positive staining of APMCF1 was found in liver, lung, breast, colon, stomach, esophagus and testis, exhibited a ubiquitous expression pattern while its expression was up-regulated in tumor tissues compared with corresponding normal tissues. Normal brain neuron cells also showed expression of APMCF1, but negative in gliocyte cells and glioma. Both the normal and tumor tissues of ovary were absent of APMCF1 expression. Positive immunostaining for APMCF1 with large samples in liver, colon, esophagus, lung and breast carcinomas were 96% (51/53), 80% (44/55), 57% (30/53), 58% (33/57) and 34% (16/47) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results revealed a cytoplastic expression pattern of APMCF1 and up-regulated in tumour tissues suggesting APMCF1 may have potential relationship with oncogenesis. The data presented should serve as a useful reference for further studies of APMCF1 functions in tumorigenesis and might provide a potential anti-tumor target.
authors: Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of GI Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi Province, PR China. fuluomuche@163.com
authors: Yaqing
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
authors: Qinlong
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Zhu
authors: Jihong
authors: J
authors: Cui
authors: Kainan
authors: K
authors: Li
authors: Qing
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: Ruian
authors: R
authors: Wang
authors: Wenyong
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Weihua
authors: W
authors: Wang
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002521:Cercopithecus; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C449560:SRPRB protein, human; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins