Predictors of postoperative pain and analgesic consumption: a qualitative systematic review.
Pain is a subjective and multidimensional experience that is often inadequately managed in clinical practice. Effective control of postoperative pain is important after anesthesia and surgery. A systematic review was conducted to identify the independent predictive factors for postoperative pain and analgesic consumption. The authors identified 48 eligible studies with 23,037 patients included in the final analysis. Preoperative pain, anxiety, age, and type of surgery were four significant predictors for postoperative pain. Type of surgery, age, and psychological distress were the significant predictors for analgesic consumption. Gender was not found to be a consistent predictor as traditionally believed. Early identification of the predictors in patients at risk of postoperative pain will allow more effective intervention and better management. The coefficient of determination of the predictive models was less than 54%. More vigorous studies with robust statistics and validated designs are needed to investigate this field of interest.
Ip
Hui Yun Vivian
HY
Department of Anesthesiology, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Abrishami
Amir
A
Peng
Philip W H
PW
Wong
Jean
J
Chung
Frances
F
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012737:Sex Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology
D000700:Analgesics