title: Dentoskeletal effects of maxillary protraction in cleft patients with repetitive weekly protocol of alternate rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the amount of maxillary protraction with face mask in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate patients submitted to two distinct rapid maxillary expansion (RME) protocols.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 20 individuals (nine boys and 11 girls; mean age of 10.4 +/- 2.62 years) with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate who had a constricted maxilla in the vertical and transverse dimensions. Ten patients underwent 1 week of RME with screw activation of one complete turn per day, followed by 23 weeks of maxillary protraction (group 1). The other 10 patients underwent 7 weeks of alternate rapid maxillary expansion and constriction, with one complete turn per day, followed by 17 weeks of maxillary protraction (group 2); both groups underwent a total of 6 months of treatment. Cephalometric measurements were taken at different times: pretreatment (T1), soon after RME (T2), and after 6 months of treatment (T3). Each measurement was analyzed with mixed models for repeated measures, and the covariance structure chosen was compound symmetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The maxilla displaced slightly forward and downward with a counterclockwise rotation; the mandible rotated downward and backward, resulting in an increase in anterior facial height; the sagittal maxillomandibular relationship was improved; the maxillary molars and incisors were protruded and extruded; and the mandibular incisors were retroclined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no significant difference between the groups in evaluation time.
authors: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. orthogus@hotmail.com
authors: Gustavo
authors: G
authors: da Luz Vieira
authors: Luciane Macedo
authors: LM
authors: de Menezes
authors: Eduardo Martinelli S
authors: EM
authors: de Lima
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: Rizzatto
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D003250:Constriction; D005115:Extraoral Traction Appliances; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record; D008297:Male; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014716:Vertical Dimension