title: Trospium and cognition in patients with late onset Alzheimer disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and antimuscarinic agents for the treatment of urge urinary incontinence (UUI) may reduce the potential effect of each other in the patients with both diseases. Trospium has a relatively low lipophilicity and low CNS penetration, and galantamine, a cholinesterase inhibitors, has also allosterically modulates nicotinic cholinergic receptors. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of dual use of trospium and galantamine for 6 months in the elderly patients with AD and UUI.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seventy eight elderly patients: 99 UUI patients (Group I, treated with trospium), 43 AD patients (Group II, treated with galantamine) and 36 AD and UUI patients (Group III, treated with galantamine and trospium) were evaluated by geriatric assessments, the Global Perception Index (GPI), Patients' Satisfaction Question (PSQ), Estimated Patients' Improvement (EPI), nocturia and pads/day at baseline and in the 6th month.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Trospium increased the satisfaction of the patients in Groups I and III according to the EPI, PSQ, GPI, number of nocturia and pads/day. Decreasing in the GDS score was significant in the Group I and III (p < 0.05). Decreasing in the ADL score was significant in the Group III (p < 0.05). The MMSE scores were not significantly changed in the all groups during the 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consequently, we have thought that a combination of trospium and galantamine could be recommended for the management of the elderly patients with UUI and AD, which are common problems in the elderly.
authors: GATA, Geriatri BD, Etlik, Ankara, Turkey. atisik@yahoo.com
authors: A T
authors: AT
authors: Isik
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Celik
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Bozoglu
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Doruk
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001561:Benzilates; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005702:Galantamine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053158:Nocturia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D009662:Nortropanes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D001561:Benzilates; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D009662:Nortropanes; D005702:Galantamine; C003330:trospium chloride