Real-time integration of intracardiac echocardiography and 3D electroanatomical mapping to guide catheter ablation of isthmus-dependent atrial flutter in a patient with complete situs inversus and interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation.
Atrial tachycardias are relatively common in patients with congenital heart disease. However, complex anomalies involving the heart and the great vessels might compromise the results of the ablation procedure. This report describes a clinical application of the new Cartosound™ module as an adjunctive technology to understand the mechanism of the arrhythmia and to guide successfully the ablation in a complex anatomy. Isthmus-dependent atrial flutter was diagnosed in a patient with complete situs inversus and interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation. Under these unusual circumstances, Cartosound facilitates interventional navigation within the right atrium and its adjacent structures and minimizes radiation exposure.
Forleo
Giovanni B
GB
Cardiac Arrhythmia and Heart Failure Research, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, St. Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Piazza Carlo Forlanini, Rome, Italy. forleo@me.com
Pappalardo
Augusto
A
Avella
Andrea
A
Visigalli
Lidia
L
Dello Russo
Antonio
A
Tondo
Claudio
C
D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001401:Azygos Vein / Q000002:abnormalities*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012857:Situs Inversus; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000002:abnormalities*