title: Nicotine can skew the characterization of the macrophage type-1 (MPhi1) phenotype differentiated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor to the MPhi2 phenotype.
abstract: Macrophages (MPhis) exhibit functional heterogeneity and plasticity in the local microenvironment. Recently, it was reported that MPhis can be divided into proinflammatory MPhis (MPhi1) and anti-inflammatory MPhis (MPhi2) based on their polarized functional properties. Here, we report that nicotine, the major ingredient of cigarette smoke, can modulate the characteristics of MPhi1. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-driven MPhi1 with nicotine (Ni-MPhi1) showed the phenotypic characteristics of MPhi2. Like MPhi2, Ni-MPhi1 exhibited antigen-uptake activities. Ni-MPhi1 suppressed IL-12, but maintained IL-10 and produced high amounts of MCP-1 upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation compared with MPhi1. Moreover, we observed strong proliferative responses of T cells to lipopolysaccharide-stimulated MPhi1, whereas Ni-MPhi1 reduced T cell proliferation and inhibited IFN-gamma production by T cells. These results suggest that nicotine can change the functional characteristics of MPhi and skew the MPhi1 phenotype to MPhi2. We propose that nicotine is a potent regulator that modulates immune responses in microenvironments.
authors: Department of Periodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Japan.
authors: Manabu
authors: M
authors: Yanagita
authors: Ryohei
authors: R
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Shinya
authors: S
authors: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010641:Phenotype; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D018664:Interleukin-12; D009538:Nicotine; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor