title: Reduction of spherical-aberration impact in microscopy by wavefront coding.
abstract: In modern high-NA optical scanning instruments, like scanning microscopes, the refractive-index mismatch between the sample and the immersion medium introduces a significant amount of spherical aberration when imaging deep inside the specimen, spreading out the impulse response. Since such aberration depends on the focalization depth, it is not possible to achieve a static global compensation for the whole 3D sample in scanning microscopy. Therefore a depth-variant impulse response is generated. Consequently, the design of pupil elements that increase the tolerance to this aberration is of great interest. In this paper we report a hybrid technique that provides a focal spot that remains almost invariant in the depth-scanning processing of thick samples. This invariance allows the application of 3D deconvolution techniques to that provide an improved recovery of the specimen structure when imaging thick samples.
authors: Department of Optics, University of Valencia, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain.
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Saavedra
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Escobar
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Martínez-Cuenca
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Sánchez-Ortiga
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Martínez-Corral
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods*