Protein kinase D1, a new molecular player in VEGF signaling and angiogenesis.
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is essential for many angiogenic processes both in normal and pathological conditions. However, the signaling pathways involved in VEGF-induced angiogenesis are incompletely understood. The protein kinase D1 (PKD1), a newly described calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine kinase, has been implicated in cell migration, proliferation and membrane trafficking. Increasing evidence suggests critical roles for PKD1-mediated signaling pathways in endothelial cells, particularly in the regulation of VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Recent studies show that class IIa histone deacetylases (HDACs) are PKD1 substrates and VEGF signal-responsive repressors of myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) transcriptional activation in endothelial cells. This review provides a guide to PKD1 signaling pathways and the direct downstream targets of PKD1 in VEGF signaling, and suggests important functions of PKD1 in angiogenesis.
Ha
Chang Hoon
CH
The Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA.
Jin
Zheng Gen
ZG
D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism
D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C089212:protein kinase D; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D006655:Histone Deacetylases