title: Therapeutic manipulation of immune tolerance in allergic disease.
abstract: Immune tolerance - the adaptation of the immune system to external antigens or allergens - might be therapeutically manipulated to restore normal immunity in conditions such as allergy, asthma and autoimmune diseases. The field of allergen-specific immunotherapy is experiencing exciting and novel developments for the treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases, and recent insights into the reciprocal regulation and counter-balance between different T-cell subsets is foreseen to facilitate new strategies for immunointervention. This Review highlights current knowledge of immunomodulatory therapies for the manipulation of immune tolerance and highlights recent approaches to improve allergen-specific immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic diseases.
authors: Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zurich, Obere Strasse 22, Davos Platz, Switzerland. akdisac@siaf.uzh.ch
authors: Mübeccel
authors: M
authors: Akdis
authors: Cezmi A
authors: CA
authors: Akdis
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens