title: Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers Reduce Urinary Angiotensinogen Excretion and the Levels of Urinary Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate that the administration of an angiotensin (Ang) II type 1 receptor (AT1R) blocker (ARB) inhibits the vicious cycle of high glucose (HG)-reactive oxygen species (ROS)-angiotensinogen (AGT)-Ang II-AT1R-ROS by suppressing ROSs and inflammation, thus ameliorating diabetic nephropathy (DN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen hypertensive DN patients were administered ARBs, and the following parameters were evaluated before and 16 weeks after the treatment: urinary AGT (UAGT), albumin (albumin-creatinine ratio: ACR), 8-hydroxyde-oxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha(8-epi-PGF2alpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ARB treatment reduced the blood pressure and urinary levels of AGT, ACR, 8-OHdG, 8-epi-PGF2alpha, MCP-1, and IL-6 but increased the urinary levels of IL-10. The reduction rate of UAGT correlated with the reduction rate of blood pressure; the reduction rates of the urinary ACR, 8-OHdG, 8-epi-PGF2alpha, MCP-1, and IL-6 levels; and the increase rate of the urinary IL-10 levels. Moreover, subjects who had high UAGT values at baseline exhibited higher reduction rates of urinary albumin excretion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ARB-induced blockade of the abovementioned vicious cycle contributes to the renoprotective effects of ARBs in DN. The urinary levels of AGT could represent a predictive factor for reduced ACR in patients receiving ARB treatment.
authors: Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tohoku University hospital, Sendai, Japan.
authors: Susumu
authors: S
authors: Ogawa
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Kobori
authors: Naro
authors: N
authors: Ohashi
authors: Maki
authors: M
authors: Urushihara
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Nishiyama
authors: Takefumi
authors: T
authors: Mori
authors: Tsuneo
authors: T
authors: Ishizuka
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Nako
authors: Sadayoshi
authors: S
authors: Ito