title: Cytogenetic effects of 18.0 and 16.5 GHz microwave radiation on human lymphocytes in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are few cell studies on the direct genotoxic effects of microwave radiation. In this study, cytogenetic effects of microwave radiation alone or in combination with mitomycin C (MMC) were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lymphocytes from two smoking and four non-smoking donors were exposed for 53 hours in vitro to 1.0 W/m(2) continuous-wave radiation at 18.0 GHz or 10 W/m(2) pulsed-wave at 16.5 GHz, alone or in combination with MMC. DNA synthesis and repair were inhibited in vitro in some cultures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No synergistic effect was observed in cells exposed to combinations of microwave radiation and in vitro exposure to MMC, or to cells pre-exposed in vivo to tobacco smoke. For the 16.5 GHz pulsed exposure, a non-significant trend consisting of an increase in aberration frequencies with microwave radiation was shown for the DNA synthesis and repair inhibited cultures both with and without MMC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither 18.0 GHz continuous-wave nor 16.5 GHz pulsed-wave exposure to human lymphocytes in vitro induced statistically significant increases in chromosomal aberration frequencies. 16.5 GHz pulsed-wave exposure requires further documentation before a true negative conclusion can be drawn.
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section of Medical Genetics, Telemark Hospital, Skien, Norway.
authors: Inger-Lise
authors: IL
authors: Hansteen
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Lågeide
authors: Kjell Oskar
authors: KO
authors: Clausen
authors: Vera
authors: V
authors: Haugan
authors: Marit
authors: M
authors: Svendsen
authors: Jan Gunnar
authors: JG
authors: Eriksen
authors: Rolf
authors: R
authors: Skiaker
authors: Egil
authors: E
authors: Hauger
authors: Arnt Inge
authors: AI
authors: Vistnes
authors: Elin H
authors: EH
authors: Kure
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D016685:Mitomycin; D004247:DNA