title: Determination of linear aliphatic aldehydes in heavy metal containing waters by high-performance liquid chromatography using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine derivatization.
abstract: A simple and sensitive method is described for the determination of picomolar amounts of C(1)-C(9) linear aliphatic aldehydes in waters containing heavy metal ions. In this method, aldehydes were first derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) at optimized pH 1.8 for 30 min and analyzed by HPLC with UV detector at 365 nm. Factors affecting the derivatization reaction of aldehydes and DNPH were investigated. Cupric ion, an example of heavy metals, is a common oxidative reagent, which may oxidize DNPH and greatly interfere with the determination of aldehydes. EDTA was used to effectively mask the interferences by heavy metal ions. The method detection limits for direct injection of derivatized most aldehydes except formaldehyde were of the order of 7-28 nM. The detection limit can be further lowered by using off-line C(18) adsorption cartridge enrichment. The recoveries of C(1)-C(9) aldehydes were 93-115% with a relative standard deviation of 3.6-8.1% at the 0.1 microM level for aldehydes. The HPLC-DNPH method has been applied for determining aldehyde photoproducts from Cu(II)-amino acid complex systems.
authors: Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
authors: Yi-Liang
authors: YL
authors: Lin
authors: Po-Yen
authors: PY
authors: Wang
authors: Ling-Ling
authors: LL
authors: Hsieh
authors: Kuan-Hsuan
authors: KH
authors: Ku
authors: Yun-Tai
authors: YT
authors: Yeh
authors: Chien-Hou
authors: CH
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000032:analysis; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000032:analysis; D006835:Hydrazones / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D008832:Microchemistry / Q000379:methods; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010659:Phenylhydrazines / Q000737:chemistry*; D010782:Photolysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000596:Amino Acids; D002614:Chelating Agents; D006835:Hydrazones; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010659:Phenylhydrazines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D005557:Formaldehyde; C004787:2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine; D003300:Copper; D004492:Edetic Acid; D000079:Acetaldehyde