title: Phenol-soluble modulin alpha 3 enhances the human neutrophil lysis mediated by Panton-Valentine leukocidin.
abstract: Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) has long been considered a critical toxin in severe Staphylococcus aureus infection. PVL presumably breaches the body's defense system by lysing human polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). Recently, however, bioactive peptides--phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs)--have been proposed as the main player in the lysis of PMNs, rather than PVL. This study aimed to resolve uncertainty concerning the cause of the lysis of human PMNs by using recombinant PVL toxins and PVL-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. The recombinant PVL toxins showed strong lytic activity against human but not murine neutrophils. Moreover, the lytic activity of culture supernatants of strains USA400 MW2 and USA300 FPR3757 were completely neutralized by anti-PVL monoclonal antibodies. In contrast, phenol-soluble modulin alpha 3--the most potent PSM peptide--failed to lyse human PMNs at the concentrations contained in the culture supernatants. Phenol-soluble modulin alpha 3 did, however, enhance PVL-mediated lysis of human PMNs.
authors: Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Isamu
authors: I
authors: Hongo
authors: Tadashi
authors: T
authors: Baba
authors: Kanenari
authors: K
authors: Oishi
authors: Yuh
authors: Y
authors: Morimoto
authors: Teruyo
authors: T
authors: Ito
authors: Keiichi
authors: K
authors: Hiramatsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000992:Antitoxins / Q000276:immunology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000633:toxicity*; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000633:toxicity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000992:Antitoxins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C025971:staphylococcal delta toxin