Antibody responses induced by experimental West Nile virus infection with or without previous immunization with inactivated Japanese encephalitis vaccine in horses.
A group of horses immunized with inactivated Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine (JE-Immune Group) and a group of non-immunized horses (Non-Immune Group) were infected with West Nile virus (WNV). After WNV infection, neutralizing (Nt) antibody (Ab) titers to WNV were higher than those to JE virus (JEV) in the Non-Immune Group, but the NtAb titers to JEV were higher than those to WNV during most of the post-challenge observation period in the JE-Immune Group. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Abs to WNV tested positive in the Non-Immune Group but negative in the JE-Immune Group, except for in one horse. These results suggest that diagnosis of WNV infection in JE-immunized horses requires serological tests for NtAb and IgM titers to both WNV and JEV.
Shirafuji
Hiroaki
H
Research Team for Zoonotic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan. shirah@affrc.go.jp
Kanehira
Katsushi
K
Kamio
Tsugihiko
T
Kubo
Masanori
M
Shibahara
Tomoyuki
T
Konishi
Misako
M
Murakami
Kenji
K
Nakamura
Yoshio
Y
Yamanaka
Takashi
T
Kondo
Takashi
T
Matsumura
Tomio
T
Muranaka
Masanori
M
Katayama
Yoshinari
Y
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D003429:Cross Reactions; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006736:Horses; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D022321:Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000276:immunology*; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D022321:Japanese Encephalitis Vaccines