title: Urinary excretion of phenolic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAH) in nonsmokers and in smokers of cigarettes with different ISO tar yields.
abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are products of the incomplete combustion of organic materials, and they occur ubiquitously in the environment. They are also present in tobacco smoke. Some PAH have been classified as carcinogens; therefore, it is important to develop and assess suitable biomarkers for PAH exposure. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection was developed to determine 1- and 2-hydroxynaphthalene (1- and 2-OH-Nap), 2-hydroxyfluorene (2-OH-Flu), 2-/3-hydroxyphenanthrene (2-/3-OH-Phe), 1-/9-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-/9-OH-Phe), and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-Pyr) in human urine. The method is sensitive (LOQ ranging from 0.01 ng/mL for 1-OH-Pyr to 1 ng/mL for the naphthols), precise (interday precision ranging from 1.4 to 6.9%), and accurate (97-106%). The method was applied to 108 urine samples from 25 nonsmokers and 83 smokers. Smokers excreted significantly higher amounts of 1-OH-Nap (16.1 vs. 2.9 microg/24 h), 2-OH-Nap (20.9 vs. 9.7 microg/24 h), 2-OH-Flu (1.87 vs. 0.75 microg/24 h), 2-/3-OH-Phe (0.73 vs. 0.50 microg/24 h), 1-/9-OH-Phe (0.66 vs. 0.35 microg/24 h), and 1-OH-Pyr (0.36 vs. 0.20 microg/24 h) compared to nonsmokers. In conclusion, the method is suitable for discriminating PAH exposure between different ISO tar yield cigarette smokers, and it may be applicable in evaluating future potential reduced exposure tobacco products.
authors: Analytisch-Biologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Goethestrasse 20, 80336 Munich, Germany.
authors: Heinz-Werner
authors: HW
authors: Hagedorn
authors: Gerhard
authors: G
authors: Scherer
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Engl
authors: Kirsten
authors: K
authors: Riedel
authors: Francis
authors: F
authors: Cheung
authors: Graham
authors: G
authors: Errington
authors: Jim
authors: J
authors: Shepperd
authors: Mike
authors: M
authors: McEwan
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006801:Humans; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000652:urine*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine*; D013638:Tars / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D013638:Tars