title: Synthesis and biological activities of 14-epi-MART-10 and 14-epi-MART-11: implications for cancer and osteoporosis treatment.
abstract: The 14-epimer of MART-10, namely 14-epi-MART-10 (14-epi-2alpha-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1alpha,25-dihydroxy-19-norvitamin D3) and its 2-epimeric analog (14-epi-MART-11) were efficiently synthesized using the Julia coupling reaction to connect between the C5 and C6 positions (steroid numbering). An A-ring precursor was prepared from (-)-quinic acid as shown in the previous MART-10 synthesis. The novel 14-epi-CD-ring coupling partner with an elongated two carbon unit as a sulfone was synthesized from 14-epi-25-hydroxy Grundmann's ketone in good yield. The subsequent coupling reaction followed by a deprotection step afforded a mixture of 14-epi-MART-10 and 14-epi-MART-11 in 40% yield. To separate 14-epi-MART-10 and 14-epi-MART-11, each primary hydroxyl group was esterified with a pivaloyl group and the resulting pivalates 2alpha and 2beta were separated by high performance liquid chromatography. After the separation, the C2-stereochemistry of each (2alpha or 2beta) was determined by 1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) studies including NOE (nuclear Overhauser effect) experiments. The pivaloyl group was removed under basic conditions to obtain the target molecules of 14-epi-MART-10 and 14-epi-MART-11, respectively. The VDR (vitamin D receptor)-binding affinity, HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia) cell differentiation activity, antiproliferative activity in PZ-HPV-7 (immortalized normal prostate) cells and transactivation activity of the osteocalcin promoter in HOS (human osteoblast cell line) cells (serum-free conditions) were investigated. In addition, the effects on bone mineral density (BMD) and the blood and urine calcium concentrations of ovariectomized (OVX) rats were examined. 14-epi-MART-10 has much greater antiproliferative and cell differentiation activities compared to 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha,25(OH)2D3).
authors: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Sagamiko, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-0195, Japan. akittaka@pharm.teikyo-u.ac.jp
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Kittaka
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Hara
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Takano
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Sawada
authors: Midori A
authors: MA
authors: Arai
authors: Kenichiro
authors: K
authors: Takagi
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Chida
authors: Yoshifumi
authors: Y
authors: Harada
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Saito
authors: Kazuya
authors: K
authors: Takenouchi
authors: Seiichi
authors: S
authors: Ishizuka
authors: Keiko
authors: K
authors: Hayashi
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Ikushiro
authors: Toshiyuki
authors: T
authors: Sakaki
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Sugiura
authors: Tai C
authors: TC
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D005260:Female; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000235:genetics; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: C413745:2-hydroxypropyl-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D015675:Osteocalcin; D002762:Cholecalciferol