title: Transport distraction osteogenesis for closing full-thickness calvarial defects in sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prove the hypothesis that transport distraction osteogenesis can be applied to the skull to close critical-size calvarial defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sheep model was developed to investigate this hypothesis. In four sheep, bilateral parietal bone windows were created and adjacent osteotomies performed. On the tested side, an adjacent bone segment was transported into the defect. The contralateral side was left untreated as a control.
  
  
  METHODS
  After completion of the distraction and consolidation period, a computed tomography study was performed, and the animals were sacrificed. The newly formed bone was examined macroscopically and histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A successful closure of the defect with transport distraction was achieved in all of the animals. The control side healed spontaneously in one (younger) sheep but did not heal in the other three animals. The closure of the bony defect with transport distraction was evident macroscopically as well as on the computerized tomography. Microscopic examination showed new healthy bone formation on the treated side.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that transport distraction is an effective tool in closing full-thickness calvarial defects in adult sheep. Further investigation is needed before applying this promising technique in humans.
authors: Department of Plastic Surgery, P.O. Box 12000, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University School of Medicine, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Icekson
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Regev
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Neuman
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Margulis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D023421:Models, Animal; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000379:methods*; D012756:Sheep; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed