title: Real-time integration of intracardiac echocardiography and 3D electroanatomical mapping to guide catheter ablation of isthmus-dependent atrial flutter in a patient with complete situs inversus and interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation.
abstract: Atrial tachycardias are relatively common in patients with congenital heart disease. However, complex anomalies involving the heart and the great vessels might compromise the results of the ablation procedure. This report describes a clinical application of the new Cartosound™ module as an adjunctive technology to understand the mechanism of the arrhythmia and to guide successfully the ablation in a complex anatomy. Isthmus-dependent atrial flutter was diagnosed in a patient with complete situs inversus and interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation. Under these unusual circumstances, Cartosound facilitates interventional navigation within the right atrium and its adjacent structures and minimizes radiation exposure.
authors: Cardiac Arrhythmia and Heart Failure Research, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, St. Camillo-Forlanini Hospital, Piazza Carlo Forlanini, Rome, Italy. forleo@me.com
authors: Giovanni B
authors: GB
authors: Forleo
authors: Augusto
authors: A
authors: Pappalardo
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Avella
authors: Lidia
authors: L
authors: Visigalli
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Dello Russo
authors: Claudio
authors: C
authors: Tondo
mesh_terms: D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001401:Azygos Vein / Q000002:abnormalities*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012857:Situs Inversus; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000002:abnormalities*