title: Methylation mediated silencing of TMS1 in breast cancer and its potential contribution to docetaxel cytotoxicity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The tumor suppressor gene TMS1 (target of methylation-induced silencing) has been described in the literature as a pro-apoptotic gene. This study examined the methylation status of TMS1 in breast cancer cells and its potential role in sensitivity to docetaxel chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Methylation of the TMS1 promoter was examined by methylation-specific PCR (MS-PCR) and gene expression was analyzed by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Apoptosis was evaluated by annexin V/propidium iodide staining followed by flow cytometric analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TMS1 promoter was unmethylated in ZR75-1, MB-231 and MCF7 cells which expressed the gene and partially methylated in SKBR3 and Hs578t cells in which TMS1 expression was down-regulated. Treatment of SKBR3 and Hs578t cells with demethylating agents resulted in reactivation of the TMS1 gene. Pretreatment with 5-azacytidine increased sensitivity to docetaxel treatment in SKBR3 and Hs578t cells, indicating that TMS1 reactivation in these cells may contribute to docetaxel sensitivity.
authors: Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
authors: Edna
authors: E
authors: Gordian
authors: Kavitha
authors: K
authors: Ramachandran
authors: Rakesh
authors: R
authors: Singal
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D053468:CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D019175:DNA Methylation; D000077143:Docetaxel; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D020868:Gene Silencing / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D043823:Taxoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D053468:CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C402202:PYCARD protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel