Population pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic modeling via mixed effects.
Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) are two scientific disciplines forming the basis of modern pharmaco- and chemotherapy. PK reflects what the body does to drugs and primarily deals with plasma concentration of drugs, whereas PD reflects what drugs do to the body, focusing on time-courses of responses produced by drugs. PK-PD modeling is a mathematical tool, which is used to establish a quantitative relationship between PK and PD. Population PK and PD modeling is aimed to quantify inter- and intra-individual variability in drug concentrations and responses, respectively. This review will attempt to summarize the progress in population PK and PD modeling over the last five years. Mixed-effects modeling is a statistical tool which makes population PK-PD analysis feasible, and this review sheds some light on basic ideas and applications of this powerful method without using complicated mathematics and statistics. Major concepts, approaches and methods are introduced on the basis of simplified examples that make these understandable for readers not involved in PK-PD modeling.
Piotrovsky
V K
VK
Janssen Research Foundation, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium. vpiotrov@janbe.jnj.com