Disulfiram-like syndrome after hydrogen cyanamide professional skin exposure: two case reports in France.
Hydrogen cyanamide is a plant growth regulator used in agriculture to induce bud break in fruit trees. Contact with the skin can result in percutaneous absorption of the substance that inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase and can induce acetaldehyde syndrome in case of alcohol use. The purpose of this report is to describe two cases of a disulfiram-like syndrome following occupational exposure to hydrogen cyanamide. The first case involved a 59-year-old man who used Dormex, which contains hydrogen cyanamide, without protection after consuming a large amount of alcohol during a meal. In less than 1 hour after the ingestion of alcohol, he developed malaise with flushing of the face, tachycardia, and dyspnea. Manifestations regressed spontaneously under surveillance in the hospital. The second case occurred in a 55-year-old farmer following cutaneous contact with Dormex. Five hours after exposure, he developed disulfiram-like syndrome with flushing, tachycardia, and arterial hypotension after consuming three glasses of wine. The patient recovered spontaneously in 3 hours under surveillance in the hospital. These cases confirm the necessity of avoiding alcohol consumption as recommended in the instructions for use of Dormex and of preventing cutaneous contact during use.
de Haro
Luc
L
Centre Antipoison, Hôpital Salvator, Marseille, France. luc.deharo@ap-hm.fr
D029042:Actinidia; D000383:Agriculture; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003484:Cyanamide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004221:Disulfiram / Q000009:adverse effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005483:Flushing / Q000139:chemically induced; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000139:chemically induced; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D010575:Pesticides; D003484:Cyanamide; D004221:Disulfiram