title: Dialysis needle hemodynamics in arterio-venous fistulae: a technical report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vascular access is the lifeline for end-stage renal disease patients needing hemodialysis treatment. For dialysis treatment two needles are placed into the vascular access. Few studies on needle hemodynamics have been published.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated needle hemodynamics by means of Doppler ultrasonography, both in B-mode and in pulsed Doppler mode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Direct visualization of the needles, turbulence around the arterial needle and blood flow jet from the venous needle are presented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound investigation of the hemodynamics of the dialysis needles is feasible. The extreme blood flow jet through the arterial needle was directed in all patients to the anterior vessel wall.
authors: Third Department of Internal Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague 2, 128 08, Czech Republic. Vladimir.Tuka@vfn.cz
authors: Vladimir
authors: V
authors: Tuka
authors: Edwin
authors: E
authors: Wijnen
authors: Frank M
authors: FM
authors: van der Sande
authors: Jan H M
authors: JH
authors: Tordoir
mesh_terms: D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018617:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*