title: Oriental oculopalpebral dimensions: Quantitative comparison between Orientals from Japan and Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Quantitative evaluation of palpebral dimensions of Japanese residents in Japan and Japanese descendant (Nikkeis) who live in Brazil, in order to define if environmental factors may influence these parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study evaluating 107 Nikkeis from Brazil and 114 Japanese residents in Japan, aged 20 years or older. Exclusion criteria were those with palpebral position alterations, prior palpebral surgery, and crossbreeding. Images were obtained with a digital camera, 30 cm from the frontal plane at pupil height, with the individual in a primary position and the eye trained on the camera lens. Images were transferred to computer and processed by the Scion Image program. Measurements were made of distance between medial canthi, distance between pupils (IPD), superior eyelid crease position, distance between the superior lid margin and corneal reflexes (MRD), horizontal width, height, area, and obliquity of the palpebral fissure. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance for a three factor model and respective multiple comparison tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Japanese residents and Nikkeis living in Brazil have similar measurements. Statistical differences were found for some age groups concerning distance between pupils, horizontal, and vertical fissures, palpebral fissure area, and obliquity with native Japanese presenting discretely higher measurements than Nikkeis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Environmental factors do not affect palpebral dimensions of Nikkeis living in Brazil.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu, Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
authors: Rodrigo U
authors: RU
authors: Takahagi
authors: Silvana A
authors: SA
authors: Schellini
authors: Carlos R
authors: CR
authors: Padovani
authors: Shinji
authors: S
authors: Ideta
authors: Nobutada
authors: N
authors: Katori
authors: Yasuhisa
authors: Y
authors: Nakamura