title: [Role of physical, psychological and sexual abuse in functional digestive disorders. A case-controls trial.].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Abuse has been considered a significant factor on the development of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID), especially for severe and treatment-refractory patients. The aim of our study was to evaluate the presence of all FGID according to Rome II criteria, in a group of women with history of physical, psychological and/or sexual abuse.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross sectional study was performed in 96 women (37 +/- 12 years of age) with history of physical, psychological and/or sexual abuse (cases); and 96 open population women (36 +/- 14 years of age) (controls). The following evaluations were administered: Rome II questionnaire, a self-administered instrument to evaluate history of physical (beating), psychological(insults, public humiliation) and/or sexual abuse (rape, coercion), and HAD questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 96 women with history of abuse,91 (95%) reported to have suffered psychological abuse, 72 (75%) physical abuse, and 24 (25%)sexual abuse. Women with history of abuse had a higher prevalence of rumination (6% vs. 0%, p= 0.02), functional heartburn (26% vs. 13%, p =0.04), aerofagia (17% vs. 5%, p = 0.019), irritable bowel syndrome (38% vs. 18%, p = 0.002), fecalin continence (16% vs. 4%, p = 0.01), elevator anisyndrome (5% vs. 0%, p = 0.05), and proctalgia fugax (29% vs. 15%, p = 0.02) compared to controls. There was a positive correlation between anxiety (r = 0.5, p = 0.001) and depression scores(r = 0.45, p = 0.001), and the number of FGID.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated a high prevalence of FGID among women with history of physical,psychological, and/or sexual abuse. In this association,concomitant anxiety and depression play a significant role.
authors: Laboratorio de Fisiología Digestiva y Motilidad Gastrointestinal, Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz, Ver.. joremes@uv.mx
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Remes-Troche
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Cid-Juárez
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Campos-Ramos
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Ramos-de la Medina
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Galmiche
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Schmulson-Wasserman
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Roesch-Dietlen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D004066:Digestive System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014754:Violence