title: Fed-batch culture of astaxanthin-rich Haematococcus pluvialis by exponential nutrient feeding and stepwise light supplementation.
abstract: A fed-batch culture process followed by subsequent photoautotrophic induction was established for the high density culture of astaxanthin-rich Haematococcus pluvialis using a CO(2)-fed flat type photobioreactor under unsynchronized illumination. Fed-batch culture was performed with an exponential feeding strategy of the growth-limiting nutrients, nitrate and phosphate, concurrently with the stepwise supplementation of light depending on the cell concentration. During the growth phase, a biomass of 1.47 g/L was obtained at a biomass productivity of 0.33 g/L/day. Photoautotrophic induction of the well-grown vegetative cells was performed consecutively by increasing the light intensity to 400 micromol photon/m(2)/s, while keeping the other conditions in the CO(2)-fed flat type photobioreactor fixed, yielding an astaxanthin production of 190 mg/L at an astaxanthin productivity of 14 mg/L/day. The proposed sequential photoautotrophic process has high potential as simple and productive process for the production of valuable Haematococcus astaxanthin.
authors: Nano Optics and Biomolecular Engineering National Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea.
authors: Chang Duk
authors: CD
authors: Kang
authors: Se Jong
authors: SJ
authors: Han
authors: Seung Phill
authors: SP
authors: Choi
authors: Sang Jun
authors: SJ
authors: Sim
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development*; D008027:Light; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D024341:Xanthophylls; C005948:astaxanthine