title: Effects of allopurinol on uric acid concentrations, xanthine oxidoreductase activity and oxidative stress in broiler chickens.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of allopurinol (AL) on xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) activity and uric acid (UA) levels in chickens. Thirty 5-week-old broilers were divided into three groups and fed 0 (control), 25 (AL25) or 50 (AL50) mg AL per kg of body mass for 5 weeks. Chicks were weighed twice weekly and leukocyte oxidative activity (LOA) and plasma purine levels were determined weekly in five birds per group. Chicks were sacrificed after 2 or 5 weeks, and samples from tissues were taken for analysis of XOR activity. Plasma UA concentrations were lower (P<0.001) and xanthine and hypoxanthine concentrations were greater (P<0.001) in AL25 and AL50 birds compared to controls, whereas no differences (P=0.904) were detected in allantoin concentrations. By week 5, body mass was reduced (P<0.001) to 84.0 and 65.1% of that in controls for AL25 and AL50 broilers, respectively, and LOA was 4.1 times greater (P<0.05) in AL25 compared to control birds. Liver XOR activity was increased by 1.1 and 1.2 times in AL25 and AL50 birds, but there was no change (P>0.05) in XOR activity in the pancreas and intestine. These results suggest that AL effect on XOR activity is tissue dependent.
authors: Division of Animal & Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6108, USA. mdcart@unileon.es
authors: M D
authors: MD
authors: Carro
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Falkenstein
authors: W J
authors: WJ
authors: Radke
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Klandorf
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000481:Allantoin / Q000097:blood; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D019271:Hypoxanthine / Q000097:blood; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*; D019820:Xanthine / Q000097:blood; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019820:Xanthine; D014527:Uric Acid; D019271:Hypoxanthine; D000481:Allantoin; D000493:Allopurinol; D014968:Xanthine Dehydrogenase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase