title: Association between cardio-ankle vascular index and serum cystatin C levels in patients with cardiovascular risk factor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between CAVI and serum cystatin C levels to understand the role of arterial stiffness in the presence of renal insufficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 206 consecutive patients with cardiovascular risk factors and/or coronary artery disease (CAD) in the study. Serum cystatin C, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) were measured. CAVI was determined as an index of arterial stiffness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all patients, the mean serum cystatin C level was 0.81+/-0.21 mg/L and mean eGFR was 65.8+/-15.5 mL/min per 1.73 m(2). In univariate analysis, CAVI levels significantly correlated with cystatin C levels (r=0.414, p<0.001), eGFR (r=-0.315, p<0.01), PAI-1 (r=0.269, p<0.01), and vWF (r=0.207, p<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that age, cystatin C, PAI-1, and a history of CAD were independent variables of CAVI. Age-adjusted CAVI was highest in the presence of both CAD and renal impairment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAVI was closely associated with cystatin C levels. These results suggest a significant role of arterial stiffness in renal insufficiency.
authors: Department of Cardiovascular Center, Sakura Medical Center, School of Medicine, Toho University, Chiba, Japan.
authors: Keijiro
authors: K
authors: Nakamura
authors: Takuo
authors: T
authors: Iizuka
authors: Mao
authors: M
authors: Takahashi
authors: Kazuhiro
authors: K
authors: Shimizu
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Mikamo
authors: Takahiro
authors: T
authors: Nakagami
authors: Masayo
authors: M
authors: Suzuki
authors: Keiichi
authors: K
authors: Hirano
authors: Yuko
authors: Y
authors: Sugiyama
authors: Takanobu
authors: T
authors: Tomaru
authors: Yoh
authors: Y
authors: Miyashita
authors: Kohji
authors: K
authors: Shirai
authors: Hirofumi
authors: H
authors: Noike
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood*; D003935:Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014655:Vascular Resistance
chemical_list: D055316:Cystatin C