title: [Low doses of ionizing radiation and risk of cardiovascular disease: A review of epidemiological studies].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While cardiovascular risks associated with high level of ionizing radiation are well-established, long-term effects of low and medium levels of exposure, between 0 and 5 gray (Gy), on the cardiovascular system are debated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Available literature was reviewed considering various populations, such as survivors of atomic bombs, nuclear workers, Chernobyl liquidators, radiologists and radiological technologists and patients exposed for medical reasons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant increased risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with low doses of ionizing radiation was observed in 13 studies among the 27 analyzed. The ischemic heart diseases risk was detailed in 16 studies and seven of them showed a significant increase. The cerebrovascular risk was significantly increased in five studies among the 12 considered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some epidemiological and experimental data are clearly in favour of an increased cardiovascular risk associated with exposure to low doses. However, given the multifactorial origin of cardiovascular diseases and the lack of a clear pathophysiologic mechanism, epidemiological results have to be carefully interpreted. Further research should be conducted in this area.
authors: Laboratoire d'épidémiologie, IRSN/DRPH/SRBE/LEPID, BP 17, 92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses cedex, France. camille.metz@irsn.fr
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Metz-Flamant
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bonaventure
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Milliat
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Tirmarche
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Laurier
authors: M-O
authors: MO
authors: Bernier
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D011839:Radiation, Ionizing; D018570:Risk Assessment