title: Phylogeny and primary structure analysis of fiber shafts of all human adenovirus types for rational design of adenoviral gene-therapy vectors.
abstract: The fiber shaft of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) is essential for bringing the penton base into proximity to the secondary cellular receptor. Fiber shaft sequences of all 53 HAdV types were studied. Phylogeny of the fiber shaft revealed clustering corresponding to the HAdV species concept. An intraspecies recombination hot spot was found at the shaft/knob boundary, a highly conserved sequence stretch. For example, HAdV-D20 clustered with HAdV-D23 in the fiber shaft, but with HAdV-D47 in the fiber knob. Although all shafts exhibited the typical pseudorepeats, amino acid sequence identity was found to be as high as 92 % (interspecies) and 54 % (intraspecies). In contrast to a previous study, a flexibility motif (KXGGLXFD/N) was found in eight HAdV-D types, whereas the putative heparan sulfate-binding site (KKTK) was only found in species HAdV-C. Our results suggest that pseudotyping of gene-therapy vectors at the shaft/knob boundary is feasible, but that flexibility data of shafts should be considered.
authors: Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Sebastian
authors: S
authors: Darr
authors: Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Ijad
authors: I
authors: Madisch
authors: Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Sören
authors: S
authors: Hofmayer
authors: Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Fabienne
authors: F
authors: Rehren
authors: Institut für Virologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, D-30625 Hannover, Germany.
authors: Albert
authors: A
authors: Heim
mesh_terms: D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015195:Drug Design; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D011991:Receptors, Virus; C018315:hexon capsid protein, Adenovirus; C043322:penton protein, adenovirus