Dyslipidemia and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Croatian HIV-infected patients during the first year of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
We investigated the association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and other risk factors for dyslipidemia in HIV-infected Croatian patients during the first year of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was determined by a 150-item questionnaire; a 0 to 9-point diet scale was created that stratified respondents as having low adherence (<4 points) and moderate to high adherence (> or = 4 points). We interviewed 117 participants between May 2004 and June 2005 and abstracted their serum lipid measurements taken during the first year of HAART The values of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides increased most prominently in the first 3 to 6 months after initiation of HAART (average increase at 3 months: 25% for total cholesterol, 22% for LDL-cholesterol, 18% for HDL-cholesterol and 43% for triglycerides). A Mediterranean diet and physical activity had no effect on serum lipids. The mean total cholesterol was higher in participants receiving a combination of a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and a protease inhibitor compared to participants receiving a combination of nucleoside analogs with a non-nucleoside analog or a combination of nucleoside analogs and a protease inhibitor Among individual drug treatments, indinavir/ritonavir had the most unfavorable lipid profile. We conclude that adherence to a Mediterranean diet does not influence serum lipid profiles during the first year of HAART.
Turcinov
Drago
D
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia.
Stanley
Christine
C
Canchola
Jesse A
JA
Rutherford
George W
GW
Novotny
Thomas E
TE
Begovac
Josip
J
D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D017523:Croatia / Q000453:epidemiology; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires