title: Green tea polyphenols ameliorate pancreatic injury in cerulein-induced murine acute pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Green tea polyphenols (GTPs) are naturally occurring antioxidants acting through pathways that include reactive oxygen species and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB). This study investigates the effect of GTPs in a cerulein-induced murine model of acute pancreatitis (AP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Male CD mice (median weight, 37.7 g) were divided into 4 groups: mice administered with cerulein alone, cerulein and GTP, saline alone (sham), and GTP alone. Acute pancreatitis was induced by serial intraperitoneal administration of cerulein (50 microg/kg, x6). Green tea polyphenol was administered intraperitoneally at 25 mg/kg on the first, third, and sixth hours after pancreatitis induction.We analyzed histologic and biochemical features of AP, NF-kappaB pathway activity, leukocyte-mediated damage, cytokine levels, oxidative stress injury, lipid peroxidation, expression of poly-(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) synthetase, and presence of apoptosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with GTP reduced the histologic and biochemical features of AP. Western blot revealed significant NF-kappaB inactivation. Immunostaining for P selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, transforming growth factor beta, vascular endothelial growth factor, nitrotirosine, poly-(adenosine diphosphate ribose) synthetase, and malondialdheide levels were significantly reduced. There was a significant down-regulation of apoptotic markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that GTP significantly ameliorated the effects of cerulein-induced AP in mice. These effects of GTP are mediated by actions at the NF-kappaB/IkB (inhibitor kB) proteins and oxidative stress pathways.
authors: Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors: Benoy I
authors: BI
authors: Babu
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Malleo
authors: Tiziana
authors: T
authors: Genovese
authors: Emanuela
authors: E
authors: Mazzon
authors: Rosanna
authors: R
authors: Di Paola
authors: Concetta
authors: C
authors: Crisafulli
authors: Rocco
authors: R
authors: Caminiti
authors: Ajith K
authors: AK
authors: Siriwardena
authors: Salvatore
authors: S
authors: Cuzzocrea
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002108:Ceruletide; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019800:Phenol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019007:P-Selectin; D013662:Tea; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D019800:Phenol; D002108:Ceruletide; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases