Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis of etiolated maize seedling leaves during greening.
To better understand light regulation of C(4) plant maize development, we investigated dynamic proteomic differences between green seedlings (control), etiolated seedlings, and etiolated seedlings illuminated for 6 or 12 h using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach based on nanoscale ultraperformance liquid chromatography-ESI-MS(E). Among more than 400 proteins identified, 73 were significantly altered during etiolated maize seedling greening. Of these 73 proteins, 25 were identified as membrane proteins that seldom had been identified with two-dimensional electrophoresis methods, indicating the power of our label-free method for membrane protein identification; 31 were related to light reactions of chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and photosynthetic carbon assimilation. The expression of photosystem II subunits was highly sensitive to light; most of them were not identified in etiolated maize seedlings but drastically increased upon light exposure, indicating that the complex process of biogenesis of the photosynthetic apparatus correlates with the transition from a dark-grown to a light-grown morphology. However, transcriptional analysis indicated that most transcripts encoding these proteins were not regulated by light. In contrast, the levels of mRNAs and proteins for enzymes involved in carbon assimilation were tightly regulated by light. Additionally phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, the key enzyme of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase C(4) pathway, was more tightly regulated by light than the key enzymes of the NADP-malic enzyme C(4) pathway. Furthermore phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase 1C, which was originally reported to be specifically expressed in roots, was also identified in this study; expression of this enzyme was more sensitive to light than its isoforms. Taken together, these results represent a comprehensive dynamic protein profile and light-regulated network of C(4) plants for etiolated seedling greening and provide a basis for further study of the mechanism of gene function and regulation in light-induced development of C(4) plants.
Shen
Zhuo
Z
Key Laboratory of Forest Tree Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
Li
Ping
P
Ni
Rui-Juan
RJ
Ritchie
Mark
M
Yang
Chuan-Ping
CP
Liu
Gui-Feng
GF
Ma
Wei
W
Liu
Guan-Jun
GJ
Ma
Ling
L
Li
Shu-Juan
SJ
Wei
Zhi-Gang
ZG
Wang
Hong-Xia
HX
Wang
Bai-Chen
BC
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000378:metabolism; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019764:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP) / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D036226:Seedlings / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism*
D020543:Proteome; D019764:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (ATP)