title: Ambulacrarian prototypical Hox and ParaHox gene complements of the indirect-developing hemichordate Balanoglossus simodensis.
abstract: The Hox genes and its evolutionary sister, the ParaHox genes, are widely distributed among animals. Although it has been expected that hemichordates and echinoderms have a single set of Hox genes and most likely a single set of ParaHox genes, it is not known whether the ortholog of Hox8 is absent in hemichordates, and in turn, consensus view about Hox/ParaHox gene complements in hemichordates has not been established. In this study, we isolated either complete or nearly complete coding sequences of 12 Hox genes, including the ortholog of the Hox8 that has not been reported in the previous studies, and three ParaHox genes from the recently discovered indirect-developing acorn worm, Balanoglossus simodensis. Our data suggest that the ancestral hemichordate had intact complements of ambulacrarian prototypical Hox and ParaHox genes, consisting of 12 and three members, respectively.
authors: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachiohji, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Tetsuro
authors: T
authors: Ikuta
authors: Norio
authors: N
authors: Miyamoto
authors: Yasunori
authors: Y
authors: Saito
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Wada
authors: Nori
authors: N
authors: Satoh
authors: Hidetoshi
authors: H
authors: Saiga
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins