title: Combination therapy with rituximab and intravenous or oral fludarabine in the first-line, systemic treatment of patients with extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, there are no consensus guidelines regarding the best therapeutic option for patients with extranodal marginal zone lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with systemically untreated or de novo extranodal MALT lymphoma received rituximab 375 mg/m(2) intravenously on Day 1 and fludarabine 25 mg/m(2) intravenously on Days 1 through 5 (Days 1-3 in patients aged >70 years) every 4 weeks, for 4 to 6 cycles. After the first cycle, oral fludarabine could be given orally at 40 mg/m(2) on the same schedule. After 3 cycles, a workup was done. Patients who achieved a complete remission (CR) received an additional cycle, and patients who achieved a partial remission (PR) received a total of 6 cycles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two patients were studied, including 12 patients with gastric lymphoma and 10 patients with extragastric MALT lymphoma. Six patients (27%) had stage IV disease. In total, 101 cycles were administered (median, 4 cycles per patients). After the third cycle, 13 patients (62%) achieved a CR, and 8 patients (38%) achieved a PR. Primary extragastric disease was an adverse factor to achieve CR after 3 cycles of chemotherapy (hazard ratio, 23.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-273.3). At the end of treatment, the overall response rate was 100%, and 90% of patients achieved a CR. The progression-free survival rate at 2 years in patients with gastric and extragastric MALT lymphoma was 100% and 89%, respectively. Toxicities were mild and mainly were hematologic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination therapy with rituximab and fludarabine is a very active treatment with favorable safety profile as first-line systemic treatment for patients with extranodal MALT lymphoma.
authors: Department of Clinical Hematology, Hospital Universitari del Mar, Barcelona, Spain. asalar@imas.imim.es
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Salar
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Domingo-Domenech
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Estany
authors: Miguel A
authors: MA
authors: Canales
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Gallardo
authors: Octavio
authors: O
authors: Servitje
authors: Guadalupe
authors: G
authors: Fraile
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Montalbán
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069283:Rituximab; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000069283:Rituximab; D014740:Vidarabine; C024352:fludarabine