title: Uveitis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assess the incidence of intraocular inflammation (uveitis) and ocular complications in children with various types of JIA in a single cohort of patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included are 172 children (35 boys and 137 girls) diagnosed with JIA. All underwent thorough initial ophthalmologic examination and were followed for a minimum of 3 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 172 children with JIA, 152 (88.4%) presented with arthritis. Uveitis was detected in 14 of the152 children (9.2%) during the first ophthalmic examination. In 17 additional patients of this group (11.2%), uveitis developed during the follow up period of up to 15 years. Twenty children out of the total of 172 (11.6%) presented initially with uveitis. In children developing uveitis before or along with arthritic manifestations, the ocular disease was chronic with a high rate of secondary complications (band keratopathy, glaucoma, posterior synechiae and cataract). In all affected eyes the initial ocular inflammation was typically confined to the anterior segment. On longer follow up however, most children developed binocular disease and posterior segment involvement. Dense cataract and amblyopia were the major cause of severe visual disabilities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pauciarticular JIA is associated with intraocular inflammation (uveitis) early during the arthritic disease course. The ocular disease course is unpredictable. Therefore education of parents regarding its signs and symptoms is of utmost importance. To preserve functional vision, secondary ocular complications and amblyopia should be avoided.
authors: Pediatric Ophthalmology Unit, Hadassah Hospital, POB 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel. benezraophtha@gmail.com
authors: David
authors: D
authors: BenEzra
authors: Evelyne
authors: E
authors: Cohen
authors: Francine
authors: F
authors: Behar-Cohen