title: Gender differences in discontinuation of antiretroviral treatment regimens.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reported reasons for change or discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy ([delta]ART) include adverse events, intolerability, and nonadherence. Little is known how reasons for [delta]ART differ by gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective cohort study, rates and reasons for [delta]ART alterations in a large University-based HIV clinic cohort were evaluated. Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between reasons for [delta]ART and gender. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate time to [delta]ART.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 631 HIV-positive individuals were analyzed. Women (n = 164) and men (n = 467) were equally likely (53.0% and 54.4%, respectively) to discontinue treatment within 12 month of initiating a new regimen. Reasons for [delta]ART, however, were different based on gender--women were more likely to [delta]ART due to poor adherence [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85 to 2.42], dermatologic symptoms (adjusted OR, 2.88; 95% CI: 1.01 to 8.18), neurological reasons (adjusted OR, 1.82; 95% CI: 0.98 to 3.39), constitutional symptoms (adjusted OR, 2.23; 95% CI: 1.10 to 4.51), and concurrent medical conditions (adjusted OR, 2.03; 95% CI: 1.00 to 4.12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the rates of [delta]ART are similar among men and women in clinical practice, the reasons for treatment changes are different based on gender. The potential for unique patterns of adverse events and poor adherence among women requires further investigation.
authors: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA. mkempf@uab.edu
authors: Mirjam-Colette
authors: MC
authors: Kempf
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Pisu
authors: Anastasiya
authors: A
authors: Dumcheva
authors: Andrew O
authors: AO
authors: Westfall
authors: J Michael
authors: JM
authors: Kilby
authors: Michael S
authors: MS
authors: Saag
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010349:Patient Compliance; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents