title: Concentrations of metals, beta-amyloid and tau-markers in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, metal concentrations were related to the levels of well-known Alzheimer markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), such as amyloid-beta (Abeta), total tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated-tau (P-tau).
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of 19 metals (Mg, Ca, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Hg and Pb by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) and the levels of Abeta, T-tau and P-tau in CSF were determined (xMAP technology) in 264 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and in 54 healthy referents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AD subjects showed positive correlations between CSF-T-tau and CSF-P-tau versus CSF-Mn (r(s) = 0.22, p = 0.004; r(s) = 0.18, p = 0.021). CSF-T-tau, however, showed a negative correlation with CSF-Cs (r(s) = -0.17; p = 0.027). In subjects with severe AD, CSF-Abeta showed a strong positive correlation with CSF-Cs (r(s) = 0.49; p = 0.026), while CSF-T-tau showed a strong negative correlation with CSF-Cs (r(s) = -0.49; p = 0.026). Also, CSF P-tau was negatively associated with CSF-Cs (r(s) = -0.41; p = 0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The different relationships between the CSF-levels of Abeta and tau-markers versus the levels of CSF-Mn and CSF-Cs may be due to different binding affinity between these metals and metal binding proteins in the CSF and the surrounding brain.
authors: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy and University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden. lars.gerhardsson@amm.gu.se
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Gerhardsson
authors: Kaj
authors: K
authors: Blennow
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Lundh
authors: Elisabet
authors: E
authors: Londos
authors: Lennart
authors: L
authors: Minthon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D012372:ROC Curve; D013129:Spinal Puncture; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D008670:Metals; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins