title: Dual trypan-aniline blue fluorescence staining methods for studying fungus-plant interactions.
abstract: Understanding the infection biology of fungi is the key step in devising suitable control strategies for plant diseases. Recently, the Arabidopsis-Colletotrichum higginsianum (causal agent of anthracnose) system has emerged as a seminal paradigm for deciphering the infection biology underlying fungus-plant interactions. We describe here three staining methods coupled with confocal microscopy: trypan blue, aniline blue and dual trypan blue-aniline blue fluorescence staining. Trypan blue and aniline blue staining were employed to scan the infection structures of the hemibiotrophic fungus C. higginsianum and host response in A. thaliana leaf tissues. The two techniques then were combined to observe the contrast between in planta fungal infection structures, i.e., infection vesicles, primary hyphae and secondary hyphae, and the host plant defense responses, i.e., papilla formation and hypersensitive response. These staining techniques also were applied to the lentil-C. truncatum pathosystem to demonstrate their applicability for multiple pathosystems.
authors: Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, 112 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Bhadauria
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Miraz
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Kennedy
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Banniza
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Wei
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D025301:Hyphae / Q000648:ultrastructure; D027806:Lens Plant / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D014343:Trypan Blue
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C017006:aniline blue; D014343:Trypan Blue