Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: different molecular targets and potential therapeutic agents including curcumin.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the elderly. Deposition of amyloid beta plaque and associated neuroinflammation are the major hallmarks of AD. Whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activated microglial cells contribute to neuronal loss, nuclear factor kappaB and apolipoprotein E participate in inflammatory process of AD. Current FDA approved drugs provide only symptomatic relief in AD. For broad spectrum of activity, some natural products are also being tested. Turmeric is used as an anti-inflammatory medicine in various regions of Asia. Curcumin, which is a yellow colored polyphenol compound present in turmeric, showed anti-inflammatory properties. Herein, we discuss the neurobiological and neuroinflammatory pathways of AD, evaluate different molecular targets and potential therapeutic agents, including curcumin, for the treatment of AD.
Ray
Balmiki
B
Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, 791 Union Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Lahiri
Debomoy K
DK
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D020078:Neurogenic Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D003474:Curcumin