title: Gynecologic issues of adolescents with Down syndrome, autism, and cerebral palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The gynecologic issues of adolescents with disabilities are understudied. The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the presenting complaints, treatments, and follow-up of adolescent girls with Down syndrome (DS), autism, and cerebral palsy (CP) presenting to a specialized gynecologic clinic for women with developmental disabilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient gynecology clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty four adolescents (<21 y); 13 with DS, 14 with autism, and 17 with CP who presented to the clinic from 1999 to 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of the electronic medical records to collect data on age at presentation to clinic, ethnicity, menstrual history, chief complaint, treatment, and follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age at presentation to clinic was 15+/-3.5 years, and age of menarche was 12.5+/-2 years; age at menarche did not significantly differ between groups. The most frequent complaints were irregular bleeding (n=10) and mood/behavioral changes (n=6). Girls with autism were significantly (chi(2)=8.89, P=.012) more likely to present with behavioral issues than the other 2 groups. Initial management for the behavior issues in the autism group included nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), oral contraceptives, and education.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most common gynecologic complaints of adolescent girls with DS, autism, and CP centered on menstruation and mood disorders. Patients with autism were more likely to present with behavioral issues related to the onset of periods.
authors: University of Michigan, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors: Lori M
authors: LM
authors: Burke
authors: Claire Z
authors: CZ
authors: Kalpakjian
authors: Yolanda R
authors: YR
authors: Smith
authors: Elisabeth H
authors: EH
authors: Quint
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications*; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000150:complications*; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008572:Menarche; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003278:Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal