title: Managing severe epilepsy syndromes of early childhood.
abstract: Managing severe epilepsy syndromes of early childhood is challenging as the seizures are typically resistant to treatment and may cause disabling mental and behavioral problems in later life. A comprehensive treatment plan includes pharmacologic, nonpharmacologic, and surgical options. This article reviews clinical studies examining the efficacies of antiepileptic medications in reducing seizure frequency in Dravet syndrome, Doose syndrome, and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. The benefits of the ketogenic diet for children with these severe epilepsies, together with the advantages of vagus nerve stimulation and corpus callosotomy in those patients with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, are also discussed. Special treatment considerations for each syndrome are also highlighted to improve the management of patients with these syndromes.
authors: Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA. jwheless@utmem.edu
authors: James W
authors: JW
authors: Wheless
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D055423:Diet, Ketogenic / Q000379:methods; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010348:Patient Care Team; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants