title: Ventilatory response to hypercapnia in C(5-8) chronic tetraplegia: the effect of posture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of posture on the hypercapnic ventilatory responses (HCVR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonrandomized controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rehabilitation hospital and a pulmonary institute.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with neurologically stable C(5-8) tetraplegia (n=12) and healthy control subjects (n=7).
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Supine and seated forced vital capacity (FVC) and HCVR, and supine and erect blood pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FVC in the sitting position was reduced in patients with tetraplegia (52+/-13% predicted); supine FVC was 21% higher (P=.0005). In the sitting position, HCVR was lower in patients than in controls (0.8+/-0.4 vs 2.46+/-0.3 L/min/mmHg, P<.001). Supine HCVR was not significantly different between the groups. When HCVR was normalized to FVC, there was still a significant difference between patients and controls in the sitting position. Patients with tetraplegia were orthostatic (mean supine blood pressure 91+/-13 mmHg vs mean erect blood pressure 61+/-13 mmHg, respectively, P<.0001). The magnitude of the orthostatism correlated with that of the postural change in HCVR (r=.93, P<.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Respiratory muscle weakness may contribute to the attenuated HCVR in tetraplegia. However, the observation that supine HCVR is still low even when normalized to FVC suggests a central posture-dependent effect on the HCVR, which may be linked to the postural effect on arterial blood pressure.
authors: Pulmonary Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Sackler Medical School, Israel. bendovi@post.tau.ac.il
authors: Issahar
authors: I
authors: Ben-Dov
authors: Rachel
authors: R
authors: Zlobinski
authors: Michael J
authors: MJ
authors: Segel
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Gaides
authors: Tiberiu
authors: T
authors: Shulimzon
authors: Gabriel
authors: G
authors: Zeilig
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016683:Supine Position; D014797:Vital Capacity