title: Antioxidant supplementation alters cytokine production from monocytes.
abstract: We studied in 10 healthy subjects the effect of chronic enteral supplementation of antioxidants (vitamins E, C, A, allopurinol, and N-acetylcysteine) on cytokine production by monocytes at rest, end exercise (60-min cycling at 60% of maximum oxygen consumption), and 60 min post-exercise (recovery). The percentage and the mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of both unstimulated and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6-producing monocytes were detected using flow cytometry. Antioxidants decreased the percentage of unstimulated IL-6-producing monocytes following exercise, while their MFI increased at rest. The percentage of LPS-stimulated monocytes increased after exercise and they produced more IL-6 both at rest and following exercise. The percentage of unstimulated and LPS-stimulated IL-1beta-producing monocytes was not affected by antioxidants. The MFI of IL-1beta-produced unstimulated monocytes was increased after antioxidants both at rest and following exercise. After antioxidants, LPS-stimulated monocytes produced more IL-1beta following exercise. Antioxidants decreased the percentage of TNF-alpha spontaneously-produced monocytes following exercise, which produced more TNF-alpha at recovery. Antioxidants did not affect the percentage of LPS-stimulated monocytes producing TNF-alpha, while LPS-stimulated production of TNF-alpha increased both at rest and following exercise. Antioxidants differentially affect TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 production by monocytes, with a general tendency of augmenting cytokine production.
authors: Department of Critical Care and Pulmonary Services, George P. Livanos Laboratory, University of Athens Medical School, Evangelismos Hospital, 45-47 Ipsilandou Street, Athens, Greece.
authors: Dimitrios
authors: D
authors: Toumpanakis
authors: Maria-Helena
authors: MH
authors: Karatza
authors: Paraskevi
authors: P
authors: Katsaounou
authors: Charis
authors: C
authors: Roussos
authors: Spyros
authors: S
authors: Zakynthinos
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Papapetropoulos
authors: Theodoros
authors: T
authors: Vassilakopoulos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005080:Exercise Test; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010101:Oxygen Consumption
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides