title: Protective mechanisms of 3-caffeoyl, 4-dihydrocaffeoyl quinic acid from Salicornia herbacea against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced oxidative damage.
abstract: Salicornia herbacea has been used as a folk medicine for disorders such as constipation, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. Recent studies have shown that S. herbacea has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antihyperglycemic, and antihyperlipidemic activities. In the present work, we investigated the protective effects of the chlorogenic acid derivative, 3-caffeoyl, 4-dihydrocaffeoyl quinic acid (CDCQ), which was isolated from S. herbacea, against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced hepatotoxicity in Hepa1c1c7 cells. Pretreatment of Hepa1c1c7 cells with CDCQ significantly reduced t-BHP-induced generation of ROS, caspase-3 activation, and subsequent cell death. Also, CDCQ up-regulated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, which conferred cytoprotection against oxidative injury induced by t-BHP. Moreover, CDCQ-induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which is upstream of CDCQ-induced HO-1 expression, and PI3K/Akt activation, a pathway that is involved in induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation. Taken together, these results suggest that the protective effects of CDCQ against t-BHP-induced hepatotoxicity may be due, at least in part, to its ability to scavenge ROS and to regulate the antioxidant enzyme HO-1 via the PI3K/Akt-Nrf2 signaling pathways.
authors: College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
authors: Yong Pil
authors: YP
authors: Hwang
authors: Hyo Jeong
authors: HJ
authors: Yun
authors: Hyo Kon
authors: HK
authors: Chun
authors: Young Chul
authors: YC
authors: Chung
authors: Hyung Keun
authors: HK
authors: Kim
authors: Myung Ho
authors: MH
authors: Jeong
authors: Taek Rim
authors: TR
authors: Yoon
authors: Hye Gwang
authors: HG
authors: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D019663:Chenopodiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: C544671:3-caffeoyl-4-dihydrocaffeoylquinic acid; D000975:Antioxidants; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D053148:Caspase 3