title: Clinical efficacy of erlotinib in patients previously treated for advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Erlotinib is one of the standard second/third line treatments for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study investigated the efficacy of erlotinib in a Chinese population with advanced NSCLC and compared the predictive value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha for the efficacy of erlotinib.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with advanced, previously treated NSCLC received 150 mg of erlotinib once daily orally until disease progression or intolerable toxicity. Serum levels of VEGF and TGF-alpha were measured by ELISA at baseline and 1 month after treatment commenced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 112 patients enrolled during the period October 2005 to February 2008 and followed until July 2008. Serum samples were available in 50 patients. Tumour response to erlotinib was partial in 35.7% of patients and 41.1% of patients had stable disease. The severity of skin rash (P < 0.001) had a significant positive correlation with the response to erlotinib. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 6.3 months and 12.5 months, respectively. After erlotinib treatment, serum VEGF levels did not change significantly, while serum TGF-alpha levels increased in patients who had partial response (P = 0.075) or stable disease (P = 0.055), but not in patients with progressive disease (P = 0.155). In patients with measurable serum TGF-alpha levels at baseline the PFS and median survival were 5 and 9.9 months respectively, and in patients with no measurable TGF-alpha at baseline the PFS and median survival were 11 and 21 months, respectively. Overall survival was significantly longer in patients with negative baseline serum TGF-alpha (P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral erlotinib was effective as a second/third line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC. Baseline serum TGF-alpha levels may be a predictor for the efficacy of erlotinib treatment.
authors: Medical Oncology Department, Tongji University Affiliated Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors: Songwen
authors: S
authors: Zhou
authors: Shengxiang
authors: S
authors: Ren
authors: Lianghua
authors: L
authors: Yan
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Zhang
authors: Liang
authors: L
authors: Tang
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Caicun
authors: C
authors: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D018450:Disease Progression; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011799:Quinazolines; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride