Composition and biological significance of the human Nalpha-terminal acetyltransferases.
Protein Nalpha-terminal acetylation is one of the most common protein modifications in eukaryotic cells, occurring on approximately 80% of soluble human proteins. An increasing number of studies links Nalpha-terminal acetylation to cell differentiation, cell cycle, cell survival, and cancer. Thus, Nalpha-terminal acetylation is an essential modification for normal cell function in humans. Still, little is known about the functional role of Nalpha-terminal acetylation. Recently, the three major human N-acetyltransferase complexes, hNatA, hNatB and hNatC, were identified and characterized. We here summarize the identified N-terminal acetyltransferase complexes in humans, and we review the biological studies on Nalpha-terminal acetylation in humans and other higher eukaryotes.
Starheim
Kristian K
KK
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.|Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.|Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
Gromyko
Darina
D
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.|Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.|Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
Velde
Rolf
R
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.|Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
Varhaug
Jan Erik
JE
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.|Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.
Arnesen
Thomas
T
Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.|Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.|Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway.