title: Techniques for assessment of intravascular volume in critically ill patients.
abstract: Fluid replacement is considered the cornerstone of resuscitation in the ICU.However, only about 50% of critically ill hemodynamically unstable patients are fluid responsive; furthermore, both under-resuscitation and overzealous fluid administration adversely affect outcome Consequently, the resuscitation of critically ill patients requires an accurate assessment of the patients' intravascular volume status and their volume responsiveness. This paper reviews the evolution and accuracy of methods for assessing fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients.
authors: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA. paul@marikonline.org
authors: Paul E
authors: PE
authors: Marik
mesh_terms: D001011:Aorta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001810:Blood Volume; D002496:Central Venous Pressure; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000502:physiology; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000502:physiology; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging