title: Validity of physician-reported hospitalized infections in a US arthritis registry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In safety studies, events reported as infections may be misclassified and, therefore, affect the validity of estimated risks associated with biologic agents. Using data from the Consortium of Rheumatology Researchers of North America (CORRONA), we evaluated hospitalized infection reports contributed by rheumatologists to establish their validity.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients hospitalized with infections from 2002 to 2007 reported to CORRONA were examined and compared with information from hospital discharge summaries and other confirmatory data. Infectious episodes were classified by two physicians as confirmed, empirically treated, possible or unlikely.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 562 reported hospitalized infectious episodes, 9% were classified as unlikely and had minimal or no supporting evidence for infection, leaving 509 hospitalized infectious episodes. Of these, 53% of the infectious episodes were classified as confirmed, 15% empirically treated and 32% possible. The confirmation status of infectious episodes for younger or biologic-exposed participants was similar to older and biologic-unexposed participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than two-thirds of hospitalized infections reported by rheumatologists were confirmed or had evidence that the physician was treating an infection. In almost all cases, there was at least modest evidence for an infection. Future studies should consider case definitions for infections or sensitivity analyses, or both, regarding the certainty of an infection to account for possible misclassification and reduce bias.
authors: Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 076 Spain Rehabilitation Center, 1717 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294-7201, USA. jcurtis@uab.edu
authors: Jeffrey R
authors: JR
authors: Curtis
authors: Nivedita M
authors: NM
authors: Patkar
authors: Archana
authors: A
authors: Jain
authors: Jeffrey
authors: J
authors: Greenberg
authors: Daniel H
authors: DH
authors: Solomon
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008499:Medical Records; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012042:Registries / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha