title: Noninvasive determination of cardiac output by the inert-gas-rebreathing method--comparison with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An easy, noninvasive and accurate technique for measuring cardiac output (CO) would be desirable for the diagnosis and therapy of cardiac diseases. Innocor, a novel inert-gas-rebreathing (IGR) system, has shown promising results in smaller studies. An extensive evaluation in a larger, less homogeneous patient collective is lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively assessed the accuracy and reproducibility of CO measurements obtained by IGR in 305 consecutive patients as compared to the noninvasive gold standard, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bland-Altman analysis showed a good correspondence of the two methods for CO measurement with an average deviation of 0.2 +/- 1.0 liters/min (mean +/- SD) and a good reproducibility with a mean bias of 0.2 +/- 0.5 liters/min. The accuracy of the present measurements at rest was significantly better in the physiological range than in higher or lower CO ranges. The error levels set forth by current recommendations were exceeded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data show that IGR measurements are easy to perform and show good agreement with CMR; however, the technique appears to be less accurate in extreme CO ranges at rest. The clinical importance of the IGR method remains to be proven by further studies.
authors: 1st Department of Medicine - Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology, Intensive Care, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. joachim.saur@med.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors: Joachim
authors: J
authors: Saur
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Fluechter
authors: Frederik
authors: F
authors: Trinkmann
authors: Theano
authors: T
authors: Papavassiliu
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Schoenberg
authors: Joerg
authors: J
authors: Weissmann
authors: Dariusch
authors: D
authors: Haghi
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Borggrefe
authors: Jens J
authors: JJ
authors: Kaden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002302:Cardiac Output; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D013147:Spirometry; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009609:Nitrous Oxide