title: Body mass index changes and chronic neuroleptic drug treatment for Tourette syndrome.
abstract: A known risk of neuroleptic medications is weight gain, but few studies have estimated long-term effects in childhood. This study evaluated effects of neuroleptics on body mass index for age and sex (body mass index Z scores) in a matched cohort of neuroleptic-treated (n = 16) and nonneuroleptic-treated (n = 29) children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome. Growth parameters were assessed in 45 children, aged 5-15 years, treated for an average of 3 years (range, 1-6) with low doses of pimozide or risperidone. Effects of neuroleptic treatment, age, duration, and treatment x duration interactions on changes in Z score were assessed with regression, and time course of changes was modeled using repeated measures analysis of variance. Although the mean first-year weight gain differed significantly (13.5 kg neuroleptic vs 3.2 kg nonneuroleptic), the longterm Z score changes did not (0.3 vs 0.1; F(4,44) = 0.87, P = 0.49). Repeated measures analysis of Z scores differed significantly by treatment (F(3,77.6) = 6.34, P = 0.0007), related to first-year changes only. In children and adolescents with Tourette syndrome treated for longer than 1 year with neuroleptics, weight gain is not necessarily excessive.
authors: Tourette Syndrome and Movement Disorders Clinics, Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati School of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors: Roosje S
authors: RS
authors: Degrauw
authors: Jason Z
authors: JZ
authors: Li
authors: Donald L
authors: DL
authors: Gilbert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development / Q000187:drug effects; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D001827:Body Height / Q000187:drug effects*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010868:Pimozide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018967:Risperidone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010868:Pimozide; D018967:Risperidone