title: Hyperthyroid levels of TSH correlate with low bone mineral density: the HUNT 2 study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationship between TSH and forearm bone mineral density (BMD) in a general female population. Design Cross-sectional, population-based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a substudy of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study 1995-1997 (HUNT 2), 5778 women without and 944 with self-reported thyroid disease aged > or =40 years had their serum TSH and distal and ultra-distal forearm BMD measured. In range-based categories of TSH, excluding women with previous thyroid disease, a general linear model was used to calculate adjusted mean BMD, and a logistic regression model to compute adjusted odds ratio (OR) for osteopenia and osteoporosis. Corresponding models were used to compare BMD in women with self-reported hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism to euthyroid women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In women without self-reported thyroid disease, those with TSH <0.5 mU/l had 10.7 mg/cm(2) (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.2-21.1) lower distal and 9.1 mg/cm(2) (95% CI -0.7-18.9) lower ultra-distal BMD than women in the reference category (TSH 0.50-1.49 mU/l). No differences were found between the categories with TSH > or =0.50 mU/l. Compared to self-reported euthyroid women, self-reported hyperthyroid women had increased odds for osteoporosis both distally (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.00-1.82) and ultra-distally (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.10-1.99).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with the lowest TSH (<0.5 mU/l) had lower forearm BMD than the reference category. No differences were observed between the TSH categories > or =0.50 mU/l. The prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in women who reported hyperthyroidism than in women without self-reported thyroid disease.
authors: Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7489 Trondheim, Norway. anders.svare@hnt.no
authors: Anders
authors: A
authors: Svare
authors: Tom Ivar Lund
authors: TI
authors: Nilsen
authors: Trine
authors: T
authors: Bjøro
authors: Siri
authors: S
authors: Forsmo
authors: Berit
authors: B
authors: Schei
authors: Arnulf
authors: A
authors: Langhammer
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood*; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine