title: Impact of intravascular ultrasound guidance in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the utility of routine intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Stent thrombosis (ST) is a serious complication of PCI with stent implantation for patients presenting with acute MI. Mechanical factors such as incomplete stent expansion and smaller stent diameters are known to correlate with ST and restenosis. IVUS guidance for stent deployment is reported to reduce these events in stable patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed a cohort of 905 consecutive patients who underwent primary PCI for acute MI and were discharged alive. The clinical outcomes of 382 patients who underwent IVUS-guided PCI were compared to those of 523 patients who did not. Patients who presented with cardiogenic shock and rescue PCI were excluded. The primary composite endpoint of death, MI, and target lesion revascularization at 1-year follow-up was systematically indexed and a propensity score was performed with regard to the use of IVUS-guided PCI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients undergoing IVUS-guided PCI were older, more diabetic and hypertensive, but presented with less history of previous MI. The severity of coronary artery disease was balanced between both groups. The number of treated lesions and stents used was higher in the IVUS-guided group, with a longer procedural duration. The overall rates of the composite primary outcome were similar (14.5% vs. 14.3%, P = 0.94) as were the rates of definite and probable stent thrombosis at 1 year (2.1% vs. 2.1%, P = 0.99) in the IVUS-guided and no-IVUS groups, respectively. After multivariate and propensity score adjustment, IVUS guidance was not an independent predictor for the primary endpoint.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study does not support the routine use of IVUS guidance for stent deployment in patients who present with acute MI and undergo primary PCI.
authors: Department of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA.
authors: Gabriel
authors: G
authors: Maluenda
authors: Gilles
authors: G
authors: Lemesle
authors: Itsik
authors: I
authors: Ben-Dor
authors: Sara D
authors: SD
authors: Collins
authors: Asmir I
authors: AI
authors: Syed
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Torguson
authors: Kimberly
authors: K
authors: Kaneshige
authors: Zhenyi
authors: Z
authors: Xue
authors: William O
authors: WO
authors: Suddath
authors: Lowell F
authors: LF
authors: Satler
authors: Kenneth M
authors: KM
authors: Kent
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Lindsay
authors: Augusto D
authors: AD
authors: Pichard
authors: Ron
authors: R
authors: Waksman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D018579:Patient Selection; D057216:Propensity Score; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015607:Stents; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional