title: A Pfannenstiel single-site nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy: a practical application of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the initial clinical experience with laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) radical nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy performed completely through a Pfannenstiel incision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients underwent a single-site nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy for the diagnosis of an enhancing renal parenchymal mass and a renal pelvic mass, respectively. In both cases, a 7.5-cm Pfannenstiel incision was made and GelPort was inserted. Trocars were placed through the access port, and nephrectomy was performed using standard and bariatric length laparoscopic instruments. Distal ureter was resected through the Pfannenstiel incision for nephroureterectomy. No additional ports were used as both procedures were completed via the Pfannenstiel approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The procedures were completed in 187 and 409 minutes, respectively, without complication. Blood loss was estimated at 50 and 200 mL, respectively. Postoperatively, the patients required minimal analgesia. Patients were discharged on postoperative days 2 and 4, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LESS nephrectomy and nephroureterectomy using only a Pfannenstiel incision are technically feasible and reproducible in human beings if performed by surgeons with standard laparoscopic skills. Using standard and bariatric length laparoscopic instruments, the procedures were performed without complication, with minimal blood loss and minimal variance from standard laparoscopic techniques. We anticipate that this approach can be incorporated by the urologist adept at laparoscopic surgery and provides a practical application of LESS surgery for extirpative procedures.
authors: Department of Urology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-5046, USA. lee.ponsky@uhhospitals.org
authors: Lee E
authors: LE
authors: Ponsky
authors: Matthew L
authors: ML
authors: Steinway
authors: Irma J
authors: IJ
authors: Lengu
authors: David M
authors: DM
authors: Hartke
authors: Srinivas
authors: S
authors: Vourganti
authors: Edward E
authors: EE
authors: Cherullo
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*