[Open partial nephrectomy. Experience at the 12 de Octubre University Hospital].
BACKGROUND
Radical nephrectomy has traditionally been considered as the standard treatment for renal tumors. Nephron-sparing surgery was introduced two decades ago. Its excellent oncological and functional results have led to widespread use of this procedure. This procedure was first performed at our institution in 1991. Our experience with open partial nephrectomy is reported.


METHODS
Our series of 83 open partial nephrectomies performed from 1991 to date for oncological purposes is analyzed. The demographic, intraoperative, postoperative, oncological, and functional results are reported. A survival analysis and renal function evaluation is also provided.


RESULTS
Thirty-four of the 83 open partial nephrectomies (42%) were non-elective. Mean tumor size was 36 mm (12-120). Fifty-two percent of tumors were exophytic and 38% endophytic. The most relevant intraoperative variables included a median surgery time of 160 min, an ischemia time of 15 min, a blood loss of 500 mL, and a 9-day hospital stay. Twenty-four percent of patients experienced complications, of which fistula was the most common, occurring in 6 patients (8.8%). The pathological study revealed clear renal cell carcinoma in 57% of patients and benign tumors in 25%. Stage at diagnosis was pT1A in 61% of patients, pT1B in 27%, pT2 in 3%, and pT3 in 9%. Grade 2 of Furham classification was most common (40%). Positive surgical margins were seen in 4% of patients. Cancer-specific survival rates were 94% at 5 years and 85% at 10 years. A slight increase was seen in median creatinine levels when preoperative and postoperative values were compared: 0.04, 0.11, 0.08, and 0.03 at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months respectively. A minimum, statistically significant increase was found in mean creatinine levels 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after surgery as compared to preoperative values.


CONCLUSIONS
Open partial nephrectomy is a feasible procedure routinely used in our standard practice. Its oncological results are satisfactory and consistent with those reported in the literature. The procedure also has a low complication rate and an excellent functional outcome, and is therefore the procedure of choice for a wide spectrum of patients when performed by experienced surgeons.
Domínguez Esteban
M
M
Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España.
Passas Martínez
Juan
J
Romero Otero
Javier
J
Medina Polo
J
J
Rodríguez Antolín
Alfredo
A
D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain