title: Requirements for the valid quantification of immunostains on tissue microarray materials using image analysis.
abstract: Antibody-based proteomics applied to tissue microarray (TMA) technology provides a very efficient means of visualizing and locating antigen expression in large collections of normal and pathological tissue samples. To characterize antigen expression on TMAs, the use of image analysis methods avoids the effects of human subjectivity evidenced in manual microscopical analysis. Thus, these methods have the potential to significantly enhance both precision and reproducibility. Although some commercial systems include tools for the quantitative evaluation of immunohistochemistry-stained images, there exists no clear agreement on best practices to allow for correct and reproducible quantification results. Our study focuses on practical aspects regarding (i) image acquisition (ii) segmentation of staining and counterstaining areas and (iii) extraction of quantitative features. We illustrate our findings using a commercial system to quantify different immunohistochemistry markers targeting proteins with different expression patterns (cytoplasmic, nuclear or membranous) in colon cancer or brain tumor TMAs. Our investigations led us to identify several steps that we consider essential for standardizing computer-assisted immunostaining quantification experiments. In addition, we propose a data normalization process based on reference materials to be able to compare measurements between studies involving different TMAs. In conclusion, we recommend certain critical prerequisites that commercial or in-house systems should satisfy in order to permit valid immunostaining quantification.
authors: Laboratory of Image Synthesis and Analysis (LISA), Faculty of Applied Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Decaestecker
authors: Xavier Moles
authors: XM
authors: Lopez
authors: Nicky
authors: N
authors: D'Haene
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Roland
authors: Saad
authors: S
authors: Guendouz
authors: Christophe
authors: C
authors: Duponchelle
authors: Alix
authors: A
authors: Berton
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Debeir
authors: Isabelle
authors: I
authors: Salmon
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D037502:Galectin 3; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen