title: Clinical significance of diffusely increased splenic uptake on FDG-PET.
abstract: Diffusely increased uptake is more commonly observed than focal uptake in the spleen on a whole-body [F] fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography. The significance of diffusely increased splenic uptake varies in different clinical settings. On a pre-therapeutic scan for lymphoma, splenic uptake, greater than hepatic uptake, is a relative reliable indication of lymphomatous involvement of the spleen, unless the patient has a history of recent cytokine administration. In HIV infection, increased splenic uptake is usually noted in the early stage of the disease, which could reflect massive stimulation of B-cells in the spleen by nonreplicating antigenic material. Diffusely increased splenic uptake may also be present in sarcoidosis, malaria, and many inflammatory or hematopoietic diseases. Therapeutic-related reactive splenic uptake concurrent with bone marrow uptake is often secondary to administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for myelosuppression or high-dose interferon-alpha-2b adjuvant therapy for melanoma.
authors: Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, University Hospital, UMDNJ, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA. liuyl@umdnj.edu
authors: Yiyan
authors: Y
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013154:Spleen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013158:Splenic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18