title: [Myoeletric activity pattern of scapular muscles after axillary lymphadenectomy in breast cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to identify the pattern of myoelectrical activity of muscles from the scapular region, after axillary lymphadenectomy in breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  prospective cohort study including all the women submitted to axillary lymphadenectomy for surgical treatment of breast cancer, in a breast cancer reference center, from June to August 2006. The women were evaluated before, and after 3 and 12 months from the surgery, through physical and electromyographic examinations of the serratus anterior, upper trapezius and middle deltoid muscles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the patients' average age was 60.3 years old (DP+/-14.1), and the incidence of winged scapula at the physical examination was 64.9%. At the third-months evaluation, a reduction of 28.3 microV was observed in the myoelectrical activity of the serratus anterior muscle. At the twelveth-months evaluation and between the 3rd and the 12th month, there was an increment of 23.3 microV and 43.6 microV, respectively. For the upper trapezius, the increase was of 23.1 microV at the third-months evaluation, and 23.3 microV and 43.6 microV between the 3rd and the 12th months. As compared to before the surgery, the evaluation of the middle deltoid muscle did no present significant differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  considering muscle activity evaluated by surface electromyography, there was a decrease in the myoelectrical activity of the serratus anterior, due to lesion of the long thoracic nerve (neuropraxia), in the immediate postoperative evaluation. The increase of the mean square root of the electromyographic signal of the upper trapezius muscle, since the preoperative evaluation, suggests a muscular compensation related to the serratus anterior muscle's deficit.
authors: Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
authors: Thiago Bezerra
authors: TB
authors: Pereira
authors: Anke
authors: A
authors: Bergmann
authors: Ana Carolina Padula
authors: AC
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Júlio Guilherme
authors: JG
authors: Da Silva
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Dias
authors: Maria Justina Padula
authors: MJ
authors: Ribeiro
authors: Luiz Claudio Santos
authors: LC
authors: Thuler
mesh_terms: D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D016065:Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012540:Scapula