title: TNF-alpha system response in a rat model of very preterm brain injuries induced by lipopolysaccharide and/or hypoxia-ischemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine, with the use of a rat model, the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, its receptors, and TNF-alpha-converting enzyme in perinatal brain lesions of early premature neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected intraperitoneally in pregnant rats at the end of gestation. At postnatal day 1, the right carotid artery was ligated and followed by exposure to hypoxia. Forebrains (n = 220) were collected to study the TNF-alpha system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPS alone or combined with hypoxia-ischemia (HI) led to a slight decrease of intracerebral TNF-alpha, whereas sole HI induced no variation. TNF-alpha-converting enzyme followed the same pattern of expression as TNF-alpha. TNF receptor 1 was up-regulated in forebrains that were submitted to LPS alone or combined with HI. No variation was observed in TNF receptor 2 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The minimal expression of the TNF-alpha system that we observed may indicate that this pathway is not central in the pathogenesis of brain lesions in early premature neonates.
authors: Département de Pédiatrie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
authors: Mélanie
authors: M
authors: Roy
authors: Sylvie
authors: S
authors: Girard
authors: Annie
authors: A
authors: Larouche
authors: Hazim
authors: H
authors: Kadhim
authors: Guillaume
authors: G
authors: Sébire
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha