title: Evaluation of injection frequency and visual acuity outcomes for ranibizumab monotherapy in exudative age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the visual outcomes for intravitreal ranibizumab administered on an as-needed basis for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and to investigate the relationship between injection frequency and visual outcome in this setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 131 eyes with treatment-naïve, exudative AMD undergoing ranibizumab monotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intravitreal ranibizumab was administered on an as-needed basis guided by clinical examination and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The OCT scans were evaluated by the treating physicians for the presence of intraretinal fluid, subretinal fluid, intraretinal cysts, or increasing pigment epithelial detachment size. Clinical data including visual acuity (VA), choroidal neovascularization lesion morphology, and treatment course were collected retrospectively for analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mean change in best-corrected Snellen VA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 81.3 years, mean follow-up was 12+/-4.3 months (minimum 6 months, median 12 months), and mean number of injections was 5.2+/-2.8. Mean baseline Snellen VA for the entire population was 20/110 and significantly improved at 6 months (20/80; P = 0.0002) and at last follow-up (20/90; P = 0.0066). At 6 months, 31% of eyes had gained at least 3 lines of VA and 90.5% had avoided loss of 3 lines. On average, it took 3.0 injections and 3.5 months to achieve a "dry" or "flat" macula on OCT after initiating treatment. Resolution of intra- and subretinal fluid on OCT did not correlate with the degree of vision improvement. Eyes receiving more frequent injections (defined as <2 months mean inter-injection interval) gained more vision (+2.3 lines at 6 months) than eyes receiving injections less frequently (+0.46 lines at 6 months; P = 0.012). At 6 months, 3.1% of those in the more frequent injection group lost >3 lines of vision compared with 15.9% in the >2 months interval group (P = 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a population receiving as-needed injections of ranibizumab for exudative AMD, visual improvement was related to the frequency of injections received but not to the resolution of fluid by OCT. Treatment with ranibizumab on a strictly as-needed basis may result in undertreatment and significantly less visual gain.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
authors: Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors: Hajir
authors: H
authors: Dadgostar
authors: Alexandre A C M
authors: AA
authors: Ventura
authors: Jeffrey Y
authors: JY
authors: Chung
authors: Sumit
authors: S
authors: Sharma
authors: Peter K
authors: PK
authors: Kaiser
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D000069579:Ranibizumab; D019233:Retreatment; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000069579:Ranibizumab