In vivo substantivity of 0.12% and 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinses on salivary bacteria.
The in vivo antimicrobial activity of 0.12% and 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) on the salivary flora up to 7 h after its application, using epifluorescence microscopy with the SYTO 9/propidium iodide dual staining, was evaluated. Fifteen volunteers performed a single mouthrinse with sterile water (SM-water), a single mouthrinse with 0.12% CHX (0.12% SM-CHX) and a single and double mouthrinse with 0.2% CHX (0.2% SM-CHX and 0.2% DM-CHX). Samples of saliva were taken at 30 s, and 1, 3, 5, and 7 h after each application. In comparison with SM-water, 0.2% CHX (SM and DM) showed a significant antibacterial effect up to 7 h after the mouthrinse, whereas this effect only persisted up to 5 h after the 0.12% SM-CHX mouthrinse. On comparing the two concentrations of CHX, significantly higher percentages of bacterial vitality were observed in all the saliva samples after the use of 0.12% CHX than after 0.2% CHX. On comparison of the 0.2% SM-CHX and 0.2% DM-CHX, significantly higher percentages of live bacteria were observed in the saliva samples taken at 1, 3, 5, and 7 h after the single mouthrinse compared with the double mouthrinse. The 0.2% CHX mouthrinse had the greatest antimicrobial activity on the salivary flora up to 7 h after its application, with a progressive recovery in bacterial vitality. The differences observed with respect to the 0.12% CHX mouthrinse demonstrate the influence of the concentration on its immediate antimicrobial activity and substantivity.
Cousido
Maria Consuelo
MC
School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela University, Calle Entrerrios s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain. inmaculada.tomas@usc.es
Tomás Carmona
Inmaculada
I
García-Caballero
Lucia
L
Limeres
Jacobo
J
Alvarez
Maximiliano
M
Diz
Pedro
P
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011419:Propidium; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D055815:Young Adult
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004396:Coloring Agents; D009067:Mouthwashes; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C103389:SYTO 9; D011419:Propidium; D002710:Chlorhexidine