title: Stem-cell-activated organ following ultrasound exposure: better transplant option for organ transplantation.
abstract: Although doctors try their best to protect transplants during surgery, there remain great challenges for the higher survival rate and less rejection of transplants after organ transplantation. Growing evidence indicates that the stem cells could function after injury rather than aging, implying that suitable injury may activate the stem cells of damaged organs. Furthermore, it has been revealed that stem cells can be used to induce tolerance in transplantation and the ultrasound has great biological effects on organs. Basing on these facts, we hypothesize that the stem cells within the transplants can be activated by ultrasound with high-frequency and medium-intensity. Therefore, the stem-cell-activated organs (SCAO) can be derived, and the SCAO will be better transplant option for organ transplantation. We postulate the ultrasound can change the molecular activity and/or quantity of the stem cells, the membrane permeability, the cell-cell junctions, and their surrounding microenvironments. As a result, the stem cells are activated, and the SCAO will acquire more regenerative capacity and less rejection. In the paper, we also discuss the process, methods and models for verifying the theory, and the consequences. We believe the theory may provide a practical method for the clinical application of the ultrasound and stem cells in organ transplantation.
authors: Tissue Engineering Lab, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No 57 Changping Road, Shantou 515041, PR China.
authors: Sen
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Ying-Chang
authors: YC
authors: Ji
authors: Chang-Min
authors: CM
authors: Lin
authors: Cheng
authors: C
authors: Man
authors: Xiao-Xuan
authors: XX
authors: Zheng
mesh_terms: D002450:Cell Communication; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods*; D023001:Transplantation Tolerance; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014945:Wound Healing