title: Interplay between human adipocytes and T lymphocytes in obesity: CCL20 as an adipochemokine and T lymphocytes as lipogenic modulators.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adipose tissue (AT) plays a major role in the low-grade inflammatory state associated with obesity. The aim of the present study was to characterize the human AT lymphocytes (ATLs) and to analyze their interactions with adipocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Human ATL subsets were characterized by flow cytometry in subcutaneous ATs from 92 individuals with body mass index (BMI) ranging from 19 to 43 kg/m(2) and in paired biopsies of subcutaneous and visceral AT from 45 class II/III obese patients. CD3(+) ATLs were composed of effector and memory CD4(+) helper and CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells. The number of ATLs correlated positively with BMI and was higher in visceral than subcutaneous AT. Mature adipocytes stimulated the migration of ATLs and released the chemokine CCL20, the receptor of which (CCR6) was expressed in ATLs. The expression of adipocyte CCL20 was positively correlated with BMI and increased in visceral compared to subcutaneous adipocytes. ATLs expressed inflammatory markers and released interferon gamma (IFN gamma). Progenitor and adipocyte treatment with ATL-conditioned media reduced the insulin-mediated upregulation of lipogenic enzymes, an effect involving IFN gamma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therefore, crosstalk occurs between adipocytes and lymphocytes within human AT involving T cell chemoattraction by adipocytes and modulation of lipogenesis by ATLs.
authors: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U858, Toulouse, France.
authors: Carine
authors: C
authors: Duffaut
authors: Alexia
authors: A
authors: Zakaroff-Girard
authors: Virginie
authors: V
authors: Bourlier
authors: Pauline
authors: P
authors: Decaunes
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Maumus
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Chiotasso
authors: Coralie
authors: C
authors: Sengenès
authors: Max
authors: M
authors: Lafontan
authors: Jean
authors: J
authors: Galitzky
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Bouloumié
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis; D054418:Chemokine CCL20 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000502:physiology; D050155:Lipogenesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000276:immunology*; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C108355:CCL20 protein, human; D017252:CD3 Complex; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D007371:Interferon-gamma