title: Water consumption increases weight loss during a hypocaloric diet intervention in middle-aged and older adults.
abstract: Water consumption acutely reduces meal energy intake (EI) among middle-aged and older adults. Our objectives were to determine if premeal water consumption facilitates weight loss among overweight/obese middle-aged and older adults, and to determine if the ability of premeal water consumption to reduce meal EI is sustained after a 12-week period of increased water consumption. Adults (n = 48; 55-75 years, BMI 25-40 kg/m(2)) were assigned to one of two groups: (i) hypocaloric diet + 500 ml water prior to each daily meal (water group), or (ii) hypocaloric diet alone (nonwater group). At baseline and week 12, each participant underwent two ad libitum test meals: (i) no preload (NP), and (ii) 500 ml water preload (WP). Meal EI was assessed at each test meal and body weight was assessed weekly for 12 weeks. Weight loss was ~2 kg greater in the water group than in the nonwater group, and the water group (beta = -0.87, P < 0.001) showed a 44% greater decline in weight over the 12 weeks than the nonwater group (beta = -0.60, P < 0.001). Test meal EI was lower in the WP than NP condition at baseline, but not at week 12 (baseline: WP 498 +/- 25 kcal, NP 541 +/- 27 kcal, P = 0.009; 12-week: WP 480 +/- 25 kcal, NP 506 +/- 25 kcal, P = 0.069). Thus, when combined with a hypocaloric diet, consuming 500 ml water prior to each main meal leads to greater weight loss than a hypocaloric diet alone in middle-aged and older adults. This may be due in part to an acute reduction in meal EI following water ingestion.
authors: Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
authors: Elizabeth A
authors: EA
authors: Dennis
authors: Ana Laura
authors: AL
authors: Dengo
authors: Dana L
authors: DL
authors: Comber
authors: Kyle D
authors: KD
authors: Flack
authors: Jyoti
authors: J
authors: Savla
authors: Kevin P
authors: KP
authors: Davy
authors: Brenda M
authors: BM
authors: Davy
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004326:Drinking; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D012528:Satiety Response; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss