Psychosocial aspects of disabling musculoskeletal pain.
Psychosocial factors are important determinants of pain intensity and disability in patients with disabling musculoskeletal pain. The psychosocial aspects of disabling musculoskeletal pain include cognitive (e.g., beliefs, expectations, and coping style), affective (e.g., depression, pain anxiety, heightened concern about illness, and anger), behavioral (e.g., avoidance), social (e.g., secondary gain), and cultural factors. The effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and other treatments that address the psychosocial aspects of disabling musculoskeletal pain has been confirmed in numerous high-quality studies.
Vranceanu
Ana-Maria
AM
Orthopaedic Hand and Upper Extremity Services, Massachusetts General Hospital, Yawkey Center, Suite 2100, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Barsky
Arthur
A
Ring
David
D
D006801:Humans; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D059408:Pain Management; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*