Anaerosphaera aminiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a glutamate-degrading, Gram-positive anaerobic coccus isolated from a methanogenic reactor treating cattle waste.
A strictly anaerobic, mesophilic and aminolytic strain (WN036(T)) was isolated from a methanogenic reactor treating waste from cattle farms. Cells were Gram-positive cocci, often occurred in pairs and were non-motile. Although spore formation was not confirmed by microscopic observation of cells, the strain produced thermotolerant cells. The optimum temperature for growth was 35-37 degrees C and the optimum pH was 6.7. Oxidase, catalase and nitrate-reducing activities were negative. The novel strain did not ferment carbohydrates and grew in PY medium without additional substrates. The strain utilized l-glutamate, l-glutamine, l-histidine and l-arginine as growth substrates. Major fermentation products were acetate and butyrate with a small amount of propionate. The genomic DNA G+C content was 32.5 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were C(17 : 1)omega8, C(18 : 1)omega7 DMA and C(16 : 0). The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was lysine. Glutamic acid, glycine, alanine and aspartic acid were also detected in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the most closely related species to strain WN036(T) were Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus ATCC 14965(T) (89.8 %) and Peptoniphilus indolicus ATCC 29427(T) (89.6 %). Based on the differences in the phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of strain WN036(T) compared with those of closely related species, a novel genus and species, Anaerosphaera aminiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is WN036(T) (=JCM 15094(T)=DSM 21120(T)).
Ueki
Atsuko
A
Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Wakaba-machi 1-23, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan. uatsuko@tds1.tr.yamagata-u.ac.jp
Abe
Kunihiro
K
Suzuki
Daisuke
D
Kaku
Nobuo
N
Watanabe
Kazuya
K
Ueki
Katsuji
K
D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002417:Cattle; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000432:Methanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D045854:Veillonellaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014866:Waste Products; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000432:Methanol