title: Percutaneous sclerotherapy of massive venous malformations of the face and neck using fibrin glue combined with OK-432 and pingyangmycin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical excision is useful only for localized and limited lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical curative effect of percutaneous sclerotherapy of massive venous malformations of the face and neck using fibrin glue combined with OK-432 and pingyangmycin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients with massive venous malformations were treated with an injection of fibrin glue combined with OK-432 and pingyangmycin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the patients had extreme swelling postoperatively with no major complications. The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 12 months. Twelve lesions were completely involuted, 4 lesions were mostly involuted, and 2 lesions were partially involuted. All of the patients had normal liver and kidney functions. None of the patients presented with hematologic toxic effects or signs of pulmonary involvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous sclerotherapy using fibrin glue combined with OK-432 and pingyangmycin provided a simple, safe, and reliable alternative treatment for massive venous malformations.
authors: Professor and Director, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China. drchen@vip.163.com
authors: Wei-liang
authors: WL
authors: Chen
authors: Zhi-quan
authors: ZQ
authors: Huang
authors: Da-ming
authors: DM
authors: Zhang
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Chai
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000293:Adolescent; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004954:Esthetics; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009333:Neck; D010844:Picibanil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D014680:Veins / Q000002:abnormalities*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D001761:Bleomycin; D010844:Picibanil; C025703:bleomycetin