title: Natural polymorphisms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase and inherent susceptibilities to a panel of integrase inhibitors.
abstract: We evaluated the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase coding region of the pol gene for the presence of natural polymorphisms in patients during early infection (AHI) and with triple-class drug-resistant HIV-1 (MDR). We analyzed selected recombinant viruses containing patient-derived HIV-1 integrase for susceptibility to a panel of strand transfer integrase inhibitors (InSTI). A pretreatment sequence analysis of the integrase coding region was performed for 112 patients identified during acute or early infection and 15 patients with triple-class resistance. A phenotypic analysis was done on 10 recombinant viruses derived from nine patients against a panel of six diverse InSTI. Few of the polymorphisms associated with in vitro InSTI resistance were identified in the samples from newly infected individuals or those patients with MDR HIV-1. We identified polymorphisms V72I, L74I, T97A, V151I, M154I/L, E157Q, V165I, V201I, I203M, T206S, and S230N. V72I was the most common, seen in 63 (56.3%) of the AHI samples. E157Q was the only naturally occurring mutation thought to contribute to resistance to elvitegravir, raltegravir, and L-870,810. None of the patient-derived viruses demonstrated any significant decrease in susceptibility to the drugs tested. In summary, the integrase coding region contains as much natural variation as that seen in protease, but mutations associated with high-level resistance to existing InSTI are rarely, if ever, present in integrase naïve patients, especially those being used clinically. Most of the highly prevalent polymorphisms have little effect on InSTI susceptibility in the absence of specific primary mutations. Baseline testing for integrase susceptibility in InSTI-naïve patients is not currently warranted.
authors: Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, an affiliate of the Rockefeller University, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Low
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Prada
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Topper
authors: Florin
authors: F
authors: Vaida
authors: Delivette
authors: D
authors: Castor
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Mohri
authors: Daria
authors: D
authors: Hazuda
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Muesing
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Markowitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019428:HIV Integrase Inhibitors; D019427:HIV Integrase