title: Systemic and local reactions of a water-soluble copolymer bone on a bony defect of rabbit model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ostene, a synthetic water-soluble bone hemostatic agent, is commercially available. In the current study, we evaluated the systemic and local effects of this copolymer in a rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen rabbits underwent creation of a bony defect at right iliac crest. These rabbits were then evenly divided into 3 groups. In group 1, the defect surfaces were treated with bone wax; in group 2, the defect surfaces were treated with Ostene; in group 3, the defect surfaces were not treated with anything. Then, the animals underwent blood examinations, including WBC count, CRP, and ESR at 0, 1, 3, and 6 weeks, and were killed at 6 weeks for histologic examination. Another 6 rabbits (group 4) underwent the same surgical treatment of group 2 animals but had blood examinations of BUN and creatinine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The blood examinations showed that the WBC count, CRP, and ESR of all the animals in the first 3 groups were within normal limits in the postoperative periods. Microscopic examinations demonstrated residual bone wax and fibrotic tissue at the defect surfaces in group 1 animals. However, there was no Ostene at the defect surfaces in group 2 animals. The groups 2 and 3 animals showed no fibrotic tissue at the defect surfaces. The group 4 animals showed normal serum levels of BUN and creatinine in the postoperative periods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ostene is absorbable and induces no systemic inflammation (including acute renal damage) and local inflammation in animal bodies.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University Collage of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
authors: Tao-Chen
authors: TC
authors: Lee
authors: Nyuk-Kong
authors: NK
authors: Chang
authors: Feng-Wen
authors: FW
authors: Su
authors: Yu-Lin
authors: YL
authors: Yang
authors: Thung-Ming
authors: TM
authors: Su
authors: Yu-Jun
authors: YJ
authors: Lin
authors: Wan-Ching
authors: WC
authors: Lin
authors: Hsiu-Yu
authors: HY
authors: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D010168:Palmitates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D011817:Rabbits; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D014885:Waxes / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D004338:Drug Combinations; C512681:Ostene; D010168:Palmitates; D011108:Polymers; D014885:Waxes; D020442:Poloxamer; C055480:bone wax; D002097:C-Reactive Protein