title: Doppler studies of the ovarian venous blood flow in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of ovarian Doppler studies in diagnosing adnexal torsion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included in that study all patients who had an adnexal mass with clinical symptoms of intermittent lower abdominal pain and were hospitalized for at least 48 hours of observation. Our protocol included: measurements of the size of the adnexal mass, presence or absence of ovarian edema, presence or absence of adnexal vascularity, presence or absence of ovarian artery flow, presence or absence of ovarian venous flow, pattern of ovarian venous flow. The ovarian artery and vein were sampled just above and lateral to the adnexa. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion were calculated for each of the gray-scale and Doppler sonographic (US) findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and ninety-nine patients presented with adnexal mass and intermittent lower abdominal pain. Sensitivity and specificity of tissue edema, absence of intra-ovarian vascularity, absence of arterial flow, and absence or abnormal venous flow in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion were: 21% and 100%, 52% and 91%, 76% and 99%, and 100% and 97%, respectively. All patients with adnexal torsion had absent flow or abnormal flow pattern in the ovarian vein. In 13 patients, the only abnormality was absent or abnormal ovarian venous flow with normal gray-scale US appearance and normal arterial blood flow. Of these 13 patients, 8 (62%) had adnexal torsion or subtorsion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abnormal ovarian venous flow may be the only abnormal US sign observed during the early stage of adnexal torsion.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
authors: Khatib
authors: K
authors: Nizar
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Deutsch
authors: Shlomo
authors: S
authors: Filmer
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Weizman
authors: Ron
authors: R
authors: Beloosesky
authors: Zeev
authors: Z
authors: Weiner
mesh_terms: D000291:Adnexal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010053:Ovary / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014102:Torsion Abnormality / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult