In-vivo data on the influence of tobacco smoke and UV light on murine skin.
Inhaled tobacco smoke comes in direct contact with few organs such as mouth, lungs, and stomach. Cigarette smoke (CS) in lungs has been extensively studied. However, limited data exist on its effect on skin, and there are no long-term experimental studies suggesting toxic effects on skin. Even though it is generally accepted that CS is among the main factors of skin aging, the number of experimental studies showing this aging effect is limited. We hereby studied the effect of long-term exposure to CS on the skin of hairless mice in combination with or without ultraviolet (UV) light. In addition, we investigated potential skin protection by a potent antioxidant namely procyanidine-rich French maritime pine bark extract (PBE) pycnogenol. Male and female hairless SKH-2 mice were exposed for 10 months to tobacco smoke and/or UV light in vivo, and their effects on skin were investigated. Some biophysical parameters such as development of erythema, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin elasticity were measured. The results show that UV and CS may be acting synergistically, as shown by the enhanced TEWL, erythema values, epitheliomas, and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) observed, whereas PBE seems to protect skin against SCC.
Pavlou
P
P
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Rallis
M
M
Deliconstantinos
G
G
Papaioannou
G
G
Grando
S A
SA
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000209:etiology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology; D004548:Elasticity; D004890:Erythema / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008543:Melanins; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012737:Sex Factors; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014870:Water Loss, Insensible / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects
D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D008543:Melanins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; C024070:pycnogenols