title: Vaccine desirability during an effectiveness trial of the typhoid fever polysaccharide Vi vaccine in Kolkata India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High rates of typhoid fever and the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains create a need for prevention efforts including vaccines. Socio-behavioral research can provide important data for participation in future trials and public health vaccination campaigns.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 3b phase clinical trial in Kolkata India including pre- and post-vaccination socio-behavioral surveys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  47.9% of respondents were male. Ward 29 respondents included 32.4% Hindu and Ward 30 respondents were 99.0% Hindu. Lower rates of participation were found among Muslim respondents and those with post high school education. Lack of information and negative information affected participation. Joint decision-making within households increased participation rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  seven hundred households were randomly selected 503 respondents (71.85%) completed both the pre- and post-closed-ended surveys. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Pearson's chi-square tests, independent t-tests, and stepwise logistic regression analysis. Four open-ended questions were included in the survey. These qualitative data were coded and reviewed for common themes and patterns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals' decisions to participate or not participate in a vaccine trial entail a balance between individual beliefs, household dynamics and socio-political influences. Efforts prior to vaccination trials need to develop strategies which address potential underlying mediators for belief systems as well as structural factors which may reinforce individuals' beliefs and perceptions about vaccination trials.
authors: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India.
authors: Dipika
authors: D
authors: Sur
authors: Byomkesh
authors: B
authors: Manna
authors: Nandini
authors: N
authors: Chakrabarty
authors: Linda M
authors: LM
authors: Kaljee
authors: Rosemary
authors: R
authors: Riel
authors: Alfred
authors: A
authors: Pach
authors: Suman
authors: S
authors: Kanungo
authors: Jacqueline
authors: J
authors: Deen
authors: R Leon
authors: RL
authors: Ochiai
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Clemens
authors: S K
authors: SK
authors: Bhattacharya
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines