title: Combining scaffolds and osteogenic cells in regenerative bone surgery: a preliminary histological report in human maxillary sinus augmentation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The following case series evaluated the maxillary sinus augmentation responses to tissue-engineered bone graft obtained by a culture of autogenous osteoblasts seeded on polyglycolic-polylactic scaffolds and calcium phosphate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sinus floor augmentation was performed bilaterally in five patients (mean age 58.4 years) with tissue-engineered bone (test site - Oral Bone, BioTissue, Freiburg, Germany) or calcium phosphate (control site - Biocoral, Novaxa Spa, Milan, Italy). Biopsies were harvested 6 months after sinus augmentation for histometric evaluation. Volumetric measurements were taken at baseline and 6 months after the surgical procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean of vertical bone gain was 6.47 +/- 1.39 mm and 9.14 +/- 1.19 mm to test and control sites, respectively. The histological sections depicted mature bone with compact and cancellous areas. All biopsies contained varying percentages of newly formed bone and marrow spaces. The mean of bone tissue in the grafted area was 37.32 +/- 19.59% and 54.65 +/- 21.17% for tissue-engineered bone and calcium phosphate, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of the present report, the histological data in humans confirmed that tissue-engineered bone and calcium phosphate allowed newly formed bone after maxillary sinus augmentation.
authors: Department of Biomaterial Sciences Insubria University, Varese, Italy.
authors: Carlo
authors: C
authors: Mangano
authors: Adriano
authors: A
authors: Piattelli
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Mangano
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Mangano
authors: Alessandro
authors: A
authors: Mangano
authors: Giovanna
authors: G
authors: Iezzi
authors: Fábio L
authors: FL
authors: Borges
authors: Susana
authors: S
authors: d'Avila
authors: Jamil Awad
authors: JA
authors: Shibli
mesh_terms: D001861:Bone Regeneration; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017886:Durapatite; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000637:transplantation*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C434403:calcium carbonate Biocoral; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D017886:Durapatite; C020243:calcium phosphate; D002119:Calcium Carbonate