A comparison of disinfection by-products found in chlorinated and chloraminated drinking waters in Scotland.
Seven water treatment works were selected to compare disinfection by-products (DBPs) formed when using chlorination and chloramination. DBPs measured included trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles (HANs), trihalonitromethane, iodinated THMs and nitrosamines. Generally treatment works that used chloramination were able to meet the European THM regulatory limit of 100 microg L(-1) whereas the chlorinated works found it significantly more difficult. There were no significant differences in the levels of nitrogenous DBPs between the treatment works using chlorination or chloramination with the exception of the nitrosamine N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) which was present at one treatment works in one season.
Goslan
Emma H
EH
Centre for Water Science, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, UK.
Krasner
Stuart W
SW
Bower
Matthew
M
Rocks
Sophie A
SA
Holmes
Philip
P
Levy
Leonard S
LS
Parsons
Simon A
SA
D002700:Chloramines / Q000737:chemistry; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine / Q000032:analysis; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012606:Scotland; D013997:Time Factors; D022882:Trihalomethanes / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
D002700:Chloramines; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D022882:Trihalomethanes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C030816:chloramine; D004128:Dimethylnitrosamine