title: Persistent cleavage and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor in motor neurons in the spinal cord of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients.
abstract: Mounting evidence suggests that glutamate excitotoxicity induces both enzymatic cleavage and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), which is involved in apoptosis-like programed cell death characterized by nuclear condensation without appearance of apoptotic bodies. Given the lack of apoptotic bodies in motor neurons in the spinal cord of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the aim of the present study was to determine the role for AIF in this disease. We investigated the expression of AIF in spinal cords obtained at autopsy from ten sporadic ALS patients and ten age-matched, control subjects, using morphological and quantitative techniques. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that AIF immunoreactivity was localized in the nucleus as well as the cytoplasm of a subset of affected motor neurons and reactive astrocytes in the ALS cases, while it was restricted to the cytoplasm of these cells in the control cases. Immunoblot analysis disclosed immunoreactivity for cleaved AIF in both cytoplasmic and nuclear protein extracts at a 57-kDa mobility. Densitometric analysis revealed significant increases in the cytoplasmic cleaved AIF/cytoplasmic β-actin ratio and the nuclear cleaved AIF/nuclear histone H1 ratio in the ALS group compared with the control group. There was no significant link between the cytoplasmic and nuclear cleaved AIF levels in the ALS spinal cords and the clinical features such as phenotypes, age at death, and disease duration. Our results provide evidence for persistent cleavage and nuclear translocation of AIF in ALS spinal cord, suggesting implications for the AIF-mediated motor neuron death in this disease.
authors: Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan. shibatan@research.twmu.ac.jp
authors: Noriyuki
authors: N
authors: Shibata
authors: Akiyoshi
authors: A
authors: Kakita
authors: Hitoshi
authors: H
authors: Takahashi
authors: Yuetsu
authors: Y
authors: Ihara
authors: Keigo
authors: K
authors: Nobukuni
authors: Harutoshi
authors: H
authors: Fujimura
authors: Saburo
authors: S
authors: Sakoda
authors: Shoichi
authors: S
authors: Sasaki
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Makio
authors: M
authors: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor