title: Geographical segregation and IL-6: a marker of chronic inflammation in older adults.
abstract: AIM: To examine environmental sociodemographic risks of high IL-6, a marker of chronic inflammation in older adults.  METHODS: We spatially linked 1990 USA Census tract demographic and economic measures to a prospective cohort study of representative community residents aged 71 years and older, from over 1700 of whom a cytokine protein and biological marker of chronic inflammation. IL-6, was collected. Using generalized interactive mixed models, we modeled 1989-1990 individual and census level risk factors for the dependent variable high IL-6 between 1992-1993 (high IL-6 = upper quartile: >2.96 pg/ml).  RESULTS: After individual health risk adjustment, IL-6 remained elevated in communities with greater densities of poor older adults (odd ratio [OR]: 1.25 per 10% increase in exposure. 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05, 1.48) and in racially segregated communities (OR: 1.14 per 10% increase in exposure. 95% CI: 1.04, 1.25).  CONCLUSIONS: Socially disadvantaged environments may influence IL-6, a biomarker of age-associated inflammation.
authors: Department of Medicine, Box 3003, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA, Tel.: +1 919 660 7545; ; E-mail:  purse001@notes.duke.edu.
authors: Jama L
authors: JL
authors: Purser
authors: Maragatha N
authors: MN
authors: Kuchibhatla
authors: Marie L
authors: ML
authors: Miranda
authors: Dan G
authors: DG
authors: Blazer
authors: Harvey J
authors: HJ
authors: Cohen
authors: Gerda G
authors: GG
authors: Fillenbaum