title: Escitalopram versus SNRI antidepressants in the acute treatment of major depressive disorder: integrative analysis of four double-blind, randomized clinical trials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent data suggest that escitalopram may be more effective in severe depression than other selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individual patient data from four randomized, double-blind comparative trials of escitalopram versus a serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) (two trials with duloxetine and two with venlafaxine extended release) in outpatients (18-85 years of age) with moderate-to-severe major depressive disorder were pooled. The primary efficacy parameter in all four trials was mean change in the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly fewer escitalopram (82/524) than SNRI (114/527) patients prematurely withdrew from treatment due to all causes (15.6% vs. 21.6%, Fisher Exact: P=.014) and adverse events (5.3% vs. 12.0%, Fisher Exact: P<.0001). Mean reduction in MADRS score from baseline to Week 8 was significantly greater for the escitalopram group versus the SNRI group using the last observation carried forward (LOCF) approach [mean treatment difference at Week 8 of 1.7 points (P<.01)]. Similar results were observed in the severely depressed (baseline MADRS score >or= 30) patient subset (mean treatment difference at Week 8 of 2.9 points [P<.001, LOCF]). Observed cases analyses yielded no significant differences in efficacy parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pooled analysis indicates that escitalopram is at least as effective as the SNRIs (venlafaxine XR and duloxetine), even in severe depression, and escitalopram treatment was better tolerated.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0710, USA. skornste@vcu.edu
authors: Susan G
authors: SG
authors: Kornstein
authors: Dayong
authors: D
authors: Li
authors: Yongcai
authors: Y
authors: Mao
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Larsson
authors: Henning F
authors: HF
authors: Andersen
authors: George I
authors: GI
authors: Papakostas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015283:Citalopram / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D000069470:Venlafaxine Hydrochloride; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015283:Citalopram; D003511:Cyclohexanols; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D013876:Thiophenes; D000069470:Venlafaxine Hydrochloride