title: Health-related quality of life in CKD Patients: correlates and evolution over time.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Very few large-scale studies have investigated the determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients not on dialysis or the evolution of HRQOL over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective evaluation was undertaken of HRQOL in a cohort of 1186 CKD patients cared for in nephrology clinics in North America. Baseline and follow-up HRQOL were evaluated using the validated Kidney Disease Quality Of Life instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline measures of HRQOL were reduced in CKD patients in proportion to the severity grade of CKD. Physical functioning score declined progressively with more advanced stages of CKD and so did the score for role-physical. Female gender and the presence of diabetes and a history of cardiovascular co-morbidities were also associated with reduced HRQOL (physical composite score: male: 41.0 +/- 10.2; female: 37.7 +/- 10.8; P < 0.0001; diabetic: 37.3 +/- 10.6; nondiabetic: 41.6 +/- 10.2; P < 0.0001; history of congestive heart failure, yes: 35.4 +/- 9.7; no: 40.3 +/- 10.6; P < 0.0001; history of myocardial infarction, yes: 36.1 +/- 10.0; no: 40.2 +/- 10.6; P < 0.0001). Anemia and beta blocker usage were also associated with lower HRQOL scores. HRQOL measures declined over time in this population. The main correlates of change over time were age, albumin level and co-existent co-morbidities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations highlight the profound impact CKD has on HRQOL and suggest potential areas that can be targeted for therapeutic intervention.
authors: Astellas Pharma Global Development, Three Parkway North, Deerfield, IL 60015, USA. salim.mujais@us.astellas.com
authors: Salim K
authors: SK
authors: Mujais
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Story
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Brouillette
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Takano
authors: Steven
authors: S
authors: Soroka
authors: Catherine
authors: C
authors: Franek
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Mendelssohn
authors: Frederic O
authors: FO
authors: Finkelstein
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D012709:Serum Albumin