Effects of inhalational bronchodilator treatment during noninvasive ventilation in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations.
OBJECTIVE
To study the effects of withdrawing noninvasive ventilation (NIV) used during acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease for the delivery of aerosolized medications on physiologic parameters and dyspnea sensation.


METHODS
We measured accessory muscle use, dyspnea sensation, heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), blood pressure (BP), and arterial blood gases during NIV, 10 minutes after cessation of NIV (with oxygen), after nebulization with salbutamol (5 mg) and ipratropium (500 microg), and again, on restitution of NIV.


RESULTS
We studied 19 patients (3 women; mean [+/-SD] age, 72 [+/- 9] years) with a mean postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second 40% (+/-12) of predicted. Baseline RR (23/min), HR (98/min), BP (121/62 mm Hg), Spo(2) (95%), pH (7.31 [+/-0.06]), Paco(2) (65 [+/-12] mm Hg), and Borg score (1.8 [+/-0.43]) were recorded. There were no significant changes in physiologic parameters and oxygenation between NIV and nebulization periods. The only physiologic changes observed were increase in systolic BP (SBP, P = .012) and HR (P = .003) after nebulization. However, significant decrease in oxygen saturation (P = .009) and increase in SBP (P = nonsignificant) were observed between NIV and oxygenation phases.


CONCLUSIONS
Short-term cessation of NIV for nebulization treatment did not result in distress, discomfort, or physiologic instabilities. The only detectable changes were increase in SBP and HR, probably due to the systemic adrenergic effects of salbutamol.
Mukhopadhyay
Amartya
A
Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore. amartya.mukherjee@gmail.com
Dela Pena
Eleanor
E
Wadden
Brian
B
Procyshyn
Mark
M
Keang Lim
Tow
T
D000208:Acute Disease; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D012119:Respiration
D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D009241:Ipratropium; D000420:Albuterol