title: Molecular crosstalk between TRAIL and natural antioxidants in the treatment of cancer.
abstract: The endogenous protein, tumour necrosis factor receptor apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), induces apoptosis in a wide variety of transformed and cancer cells but has little or no effect on normal cells. Therefore, TRAIL is considered to be a tumour-selective, apoptosis-inducing cytokine and a promising new candidate for cancer prevention and treatment. Some cancer cells are however resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis, but treatment in combination with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs or radiation generally restores TRAIL sensitivity in those cells. A novel class of molecules exhibiting synergy with TRAIL but devoid of major side effects are emerging as alternative approaches to treat resistant cancer cells, including natural antioxidants such as sulphoraphane or the flavonoids curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol, baicalein and wogonin. In this issue of the BJP, Lee et al. demonstrate that treatment of TRAIL-resistant cancer cells with wogonin restores TRAIL-induced cell death in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner through up-regulation of p53 and Puma.
authors: School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. s.rushworth@uea.ac.uk
authors: Stuart A
authors: SA
authors: Rushworth
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Micheau
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004357:Drug Synergism; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C438378:BBC3 protein, human; D044950:Flavanones; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C085514:wogonin