title: Genetic basis for alkaline activation of germination in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis.
abstract: Differences in activation between spores from strains of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis with and without the toxin-encoding plasmid pBtoxis are demonstrated. Following alkaline activation, the strain bearing pBtoxis shows a significantly greater germination rate. Expression of just three genes constituting a previously identified, putative ger operon from this plasmid is sufficient to produce the same phenotype and characterizes this operon as a genetic determinant of alkaline activation.
authors: Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3TL, United Kingdom.
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Abdoarrahem
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Gammon
authors: B N
authors: BN
authors: Dancer
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Berry
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009876:Operon; D010957:Plasmids; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D006133:Growth Substances