Walking speed-related changes in stride time variability: effects of decreased speed.
BACKGROUND
Conflicting results have been reported regarding the relationship between stride time variability (STV) and walking speed. While some studies failed to establish any relationship, others reported either a linear or a non-linear relationship. We therefore sought to determine the extent to which decrease in self-selected walking speed influenced STV among healthy young adults.


METHODS
The mean value, the standard deviation and the coefficient of variation of stride time, as well as the mean value of stride velocity were recorded while steady-state walking using the GAITRite system in 29 healthy young adults who walked consecutively at 88%, 79%, 71%, 64%, 58%, 53%, 46% and 39% of their preferred walking speed.


RESULTS
The decrease in stride velocity increased significantly mean values, SD and CoV of stride time (p < 0.001), whereas the repetition of trials (p = 0.534, p = 0.177 and p = 0.691 respectively for mean, SD, CoV); and step asymmetry (p = 0.971, p = 0.150 and p = 0.288 for mean, SD and CoV) had no significant effect. Additionally, the subject's effect was significant for all stride parameters (p < 0.001). The relationship between a decrease in walking speed and all stride parameters (i.e., mean values, SD and CoV of stride time) was significantly quadratic and showed higher STV at a slow speed (p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
The results support the assumption that gait variability increases while walking speed decreases and, thus, gait might be more unstable when healthy subjects walk slower compared with their preferred walking speed. Furthermore, these results highlight that a decrease in walking speed can be a potential confounder while evaluating STV.
Beauchet
Olivier
O
Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Angers University Hospital, UPRES UNAM EA 2646, University of Angers, UNAM, France. olbeauchet@chu-angers.fr
Annweiler
Cedric
C
Lecordroch
Yhann
Y
Allali
Gilles
G
Dubost
Veronique
V
Herrmann
François R
FR
Kressig
Reto W
RW
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003654:Deceleration; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult