title: Adeno-associated virus gene therapy with cholesterol 24-hydroxylase reduces the amyloid pathology before or after the onset of amyloid plaques in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: The development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely connected with cholesterol metabolism. Cholesterol increases the production and deposition of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides that result in the formation of amyloid plaques, a hallmark of the pathology. In the brain, cholesterol is synthesized in situ but cannot be degraded nor cross the blood-brain barrier. The major exportable form of brain cholesterol is 24S-hydroxycholesterol, an oxysterol generated by the neuronal cholesterol 24-hydroxylase encoded by the CYP46A1 gene. We report that the injection of adeno-associated vector (AAV) encoding CYP46A1 in the cortex and hippocampus of APP23 mice before the onset of amyloid deposits markedly reduces Abeta peptides, amyloid deposits and trimeric oligomers at 12 months of age. The Morris water maze (MWM) procedure also demonstrated improvement of spatial memory at 6 months, before the onset of amyloid deposits. AAV5-wtCYP46A1 vector injection in the cortex and hippocampus of amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS) mice after the onset of amyloid deposits also reduced markedly the number of amyloid plaques in the hippocampus, and to a less extent in the cortex, 3 months after the injection. Our data demonstrate that neuronal overexpression of CYP46A1 before or after the onset of amyloid plaques significantly reduces Abeta pathology in mouse models of AD.
authors: INSERM U745, University Paris Descartes, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Paris, France.
authors: Eloise
authors: E
authors: Hudry
authors: Debby
authors: D
authors: Van Dam
authors: Wim
authors: W
authors: Kulik
authors: Peter P
authors: PP
authors: De Deyn
authors: Femke S
authors: FS
authors: Stet
authors: Ornella
authors: O
authors: Ahouansou
authors: Abdellatif
authors: A
authors: Benraiss
authors: André
authors: A
authors: Delacourte
authors: Pierre
authors: P
authors: Bougnères
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Aubourg
authors: Nathalie
authors: N
authors: Cartier
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D000072556:Cholesterol 24-Hydroxylase; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006888:Hydroxycholesterols / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D006888:Hydroxycholesterols; C044563:24-hydroxycholesterol; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D000072556:Cholesterol 24-Hydroxylase