title: IL-12 inhibits TNF-alpha induced osteoclastogenesis via a T cell-independent mechanism in vivo.
abstract: It has been reported that TNF-alpha plays an important role in bone resorption in pathological conditions. IL-12, which is a T cell mediator, is also an important inflammatory cytokine. We previously reported that IL-12 induces apoptosis in bone marrow cells treated with TNF-alpha in vitro via an interaction between TNF-alpha-induced Fas and IL-12-induced Fas ligand (FasL), and that, as a result, osteoclastogenesis is inhibited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of IL-12 on TNF-alpha-mediated osteoclastogenesis in vivo. We administered TNF-alpha with and without IL-12 into the supracalvaria in mice. The numbers of osteoclasts in the sutures in the calvaria were higher in mice administered TNF-alpha than in control mice not administered TNF-alpha. The numbers of osteoclasts in mice administered both TNF-alpha and IL-12 were lower than those in mice administered only TNF-alpha. Next, we determined the levels of mRNAs for cathepsin K and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). mRNA levels were increased in mice administered TNF-alpha compared with control mice, but not in mice administered both TNF-alpha and IL-12. We also evaluated the amounts of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP 5b) in mouse sera. The levels of TRACP 5b in mice administered TNF-alpha were higher than those in control mice. On the other hand, in mice administered both TNF-alpha and IL-12, the levels were lower than those in mice administered TNF-alpha alone. Fas and FasL expression levels were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. The levels of Fas mRNA were increased in the calvaria of mice administered TNF-alpha compared with control mice, while those of FasL mRNAs were increased in the calvaria of mice administered IL-12. In TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assays, many apoptotic cells were found in the sutures in the calvaria of mice administered both TNF-alpha and IL-12. IL-12 also inhibited TNF-alpha-induced osteoclastogenesis in mice whose T cells were blocked by anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 antibodies. These results suggest that IL-12 inhibits TNF-alpha-mediated osteoclastogenesis and induces apoptotic changes through an interaction between TNF-alpha-induced Fas and IL-12-induced FasL, in vivo, via a T cell-independent mechanism.
authors: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors: Masako
authors: M
authors: Yoshimatsu
authors: Hideki
authors: H
authors: Kitaura
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Fujimura
authors: Toshiko
authors: T
authors: Eguchi
authors: Haruka
authors: H
authors: Kohara
authors: Yukiko
authors: Y
authors: Morita
authors: Noriaki
authors: N
authors: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D056657:Cathepsin K / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012886:Skull / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C491899:Fas protein, mouse; D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; D018664:Interleukin-12; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; C000605511:Acp5 protein, mouse; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D056657:Cathepsin K