title: Use of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in diagnosis of dementia across Europe.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers have been reported to be useful in dementia diagnosis. Not much is known about their use in clinical practice in Europe.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from a survey on the use of CSF biomarkers in the diagnosis of dementia across Europe using a questionnaire which was filled out by representatives of the 25 member countries of the European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid, total tau, and phosphorylated tau proteins are frequently evaluated in the majority of the countries (in 18 out of 23 countries). No major technical or ethical issues were found that would hamper the procedure's ability to become routine in early and differential diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease. Cut-off values for beta-amyloid (median 500, range 300-849 pg/ml), total tau (367; 195-450 pg/ml) and phosphorylated tau (60; 40-85 pg/ml) varied considerably amongst countries and even within every country.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cerebrospinal fluid analysis of beta-amyloid, tau, and phosphorylated tau is frequently used in Europe. However, the use of various cut off values seriously hampers comparability and yields a potential threat to an interpretation and balanced use in clinical practice. We recommend that each laboratory establishes normative data and that multi-centered studies should be organized to explore the reasons for any differences.
authors: Department of Neurology, Memory Disorders Clinic, Charles University in Prague, Second Faculty of Medicinel, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic. jakub.hort@seznam.cz
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Hort
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Bartos
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Pirttilä
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Scheltens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D016875:tau Proteins