title: Influence of afterload on left ventricular radial and longitudinal systolic functions: a two-dimensional strain imaging study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess the influence of afterload alteration on radial (R) and longitudinal (L) left ventricular (LV) systolic regional functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analysed systolic myocardial function by two-dimensional strain (2D-S) and sonomicrometry (SS) in an experimental pig model of aortic banding. Both radial and longitudinal functions were analysed in six open-chest pigs under various loading conditions: baseline and graded aortic banding (subsequent increase in LV pressure of 10, 20, and 40 mmHg). Both systolic 2D-S(long) and 2D-S(rad) were significantly correlated with SS(long) and SS(rad) (r = 0.63, P < 0.001 and r = 0.65, P < 0.01, respectively). At a low increase in LV afterload, 2D-S(rad) was still preserved whereas 2D-S(long) significantly decreased. When LV afterload was subsequently increased, both 2D-S(rad) and 2D-S(long) significantly decreased. Difference in dependence to wall stress might explain these different behaviours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  2D-S shows a different response in longitudinal and radial functions to increased afterload. Longitudinal function is early impaired, whereas radial function remains preserved. This finding justifies the combined assessment of both radial and longitudinal regional myocardial functions to characterize myocardial dysfunction and might help to better identify the transition to heart failure in pressure-overload cardiomyopathy.
authors: Inserm U886, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, Lyon, France. erwan.donal@chu-rennes.fr
authors: Erwan
authors: E
authors: Donal
authors: Cyrille
authors: C
authors: Bergerot
authors: Hélène
authors: H
authors: Thibault
authors: Laura
authors: L
authors: Ernande
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Loufoua
authors: Lionel
authors: L
authors: Augeul
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Ovize
authors: Geneviève
authors: G
authors: Derumeaux
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D054459:Elasticity Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013552:Swine; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*