title: Reproducibility of airway responsiveness in horses using flowmetric plethysmography and histamine bronchoprovocation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory airway disease has a high prevalence in horses, but is often a diagnostic challenge. Flowmetric plethysmography and histamine bronchoprovocation (FP/HBP) is a simple and effective tool for diagnosis, but reproducibility of these measurements made over time has not been established.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesize that the measurement of airway responsiveness in horses using FP/HBP is consistent over both short and long periods of time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine healthy adult horses from 2 university herds.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective experimental study, airway responsiveness was determined in each horse at day 0 (baseline [BL]) with FP/ HBP, using PC35 (provocative concentration of histamine needed to increase Delta(flow) by 35%) as a measure of airway responsiveness. Each horse was re-tested 1-4 weeks after BL (short-term [ST]) and again at 3-12 months after BL (long-term [LT]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the ST period, 23/27 (85%) of the horses had a PC35 that was within 1 doubling concentration of histamine of their BL value, with a mean change of 0.52 doubling concentrations (95% CI 0.26-0.79, range 0-2.06). For the LT data, 19/26 (73%) of horses were within 1 doubling concentration of their BL value, with a mean change of 0.81 doubling concentrations (95% CI 0.45-1.17, range 0.14-3.10). There was no significant difference in reproducibility between the 2 groups of subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeated measurements of airway responsiveness obtained with FP/HBP show acceptable reproducibility over time periods up to a year. However, caution must be used when testing horses when ambient air temperature is low.
authors: Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA. rnolenw@vet.upenn.edu
authors: R D
authors: RD
authors: Nolen-Walston
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Kuehn
authors: R C
authors: RC
authors: Boston
authors: M R
authors: MR
authors: Mazan
authors: P A
authors: PA
authors: Wilkins
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Bruns
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006632:Histamine / Q000633:toxicity*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006736:Horses; D010991:Plethysmography / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D006632:Histamine