title: Biceps tendon injuries in athletes.
abstract: Although rare, athletes involved in competitive strength training and contact sports may sustain distal tendon biceps injuries. Treatment of complete distal biceps tendon ruptures in athletes is primarily surgical. Early repair, through either one-incision or two-incision techniques with anatomic reinsertion of the ruptured tendon to the bicipital tuberosity, is highly recommended. In this article the etiology and pathophysiology of distal biceps tendon ruptures, current diagnostic modalities, and surgical indications are discussed. Also, treatment options, surgical techniques, outcomes, and potential complications are reviewed.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery, Allegheny General Hospital, 1307 Federal Street, 2nd Floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA.
authors: Zinon T
authors: ZT
authors: Kokkalis
authors: Dean G
authors: DG
authors: Sotereanos
mesh_terms: D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D012421:Rupture; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D000092464:Elbow Injuries