title: A historical note on illusory contours in shadow writing.
abstract: It is widely accepted that illusory contours have been first displayed and discussed by Schumann (1900, Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane 23 1-32). Here we show that, before him, Jastrow (1899, Popular Science Monthly 54 299-312) produced illusory contours consisting of a shadow word. A brief history of shadow writing in psychological literature from Jastrow to Brunswik is presented, in which the contributions of Pillsbury, Warren, Koffka, and Benussi are examined.
authors: Department of Neuroscience, Section of Physiology, University of Parma, 39 via Volturno, 43100 Parma, Italy.
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Vezzani
authors: Barbara F M
authors: BF
authors: Marino
mesh_terms: D005556:Form Perception; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009903:Optical Illusions; D011584:Psychology / Q000266:history*; D014956:Writing / Q000266:history*