title: Mutual associations between malignancy, age, gender, and subsite incidence of colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A cross-sectional study was performed on a cohort of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients to reveal any influence of age, gender, and subsite on grades of malignancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from histopathological grading according to WHO criteria were pooled into groups of low-grade (well and moderately differentiated) and high-grade (poorly and undifferentiated) cancer and analyzed for associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In general, women with CRC were significantly older than men (p<0.05). In particular, women with high-grade cancer in the proximal and distal colon had a median age of 75 years and were thus 10-15 years older (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) than their male counterparts. In contrast, high-grade rectal cancer developed in both genders around the early age of 60 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women are protected from more aggressive cancer in the colon though not in the rectum until well after menopause. This likely reflects the differential sensitivity of the mucosa at these sites against the anticancer effects triggered by activation of estrogen receptor-beta.
authors: Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors: Wolfgang
authors: W
authors: Brozek
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Kriwanek
authors: Elisabeth
authors: E
authors: Bonner
authors: Meinrad
authors: M
authors: Peterlik
authors: Heide S
authors: HS
authors: Cross
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors