Tissue augmentation and esthetics (Working Group 3).
BACKGROUND
The remit of this working group was to update the existing knowledge base regarding bone augmentation for implant site development and soft-tissue grafting for esthetic outcomes. Four reviews from the working group formed the basis of this update. Moreover, clinical applications as well as suggestions for further research have been formulated.


METHODS
The papers in the working group critically reviewed the literature. Four manuscripts were produced assessing (a) the outcomes of correcting dehiscence and fenestration defects at implant sites using various graft materials, (b) the outcomes of sinus floor augmentation at maxillary posterior sites with 6 mm or less residual bone height using various graft materials, (c) the association of the horizontal dimensions of buccal and interproximal bone with esthetic outcomes of implant-supported restorations, and (d) the outcomes of soft-tissue augmentations.


RESULTS
The results and conclusions of the review process are presented in the following papers. The group's consensus statements, clinical implications, and directions for future research are presented in this article.
Klinge
B
B
Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
Flemmig
Thomas F
TF
D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D032921:Consensus; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005881:Gingiva / Q000637:transplantation*; D005893:Gingivoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D006801:Humans; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*
D018786:Bone Substitutes