title: Brain anatomy and ageing in non-demented adults with Down's syndrome: an in vivo MRI study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  People with Down's syndrome (DS) are at high risk for developing dementia in middle age. The biological basis for this is unknown. It has been proposed that non-demented adults with DS may undergo accelerated brain ageing.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used volumetric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and manual tracing to compare brain anatomy and ageing in 39 non-demented adults with DS and 42 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Individuals with DS had significant differences in brain anatomy. Furthermore, individuals with DS had a significantly greater age-related reduction in volume of frontal, temporal and parietal lobes, and a significantly greater age-related increase in volume of peripheral cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-demented adults with DS have differences in brain anatomy and 'accelerated' ageing of some brain regions. This may increase their risk for age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD).
authors: Institute of Psychiatry, Kings College, London SE5 8AF, UK.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Beacher
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Daly
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Simmons
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Prasher
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Morris
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Robinson
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Lovestone
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Murphy
authors: D G M
authors: DG
authors: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D055815:Young Adult