A multivariate analysis of youth violence and aggression: the influence of family, peers, depression, and media violence.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the multivariate nature of risk factors for youth violence including delinquent peer associations, exposure to domestic violence in the home, family conflict, neighborhood stress, antisocial personality traits, depression level, and exposure to television and video game violence.


METHODS
A population of 603 predominantly Hispanic children (ages 10-14 years) and their parents or guardians responded to multiple behavioral measures. Outcomes included aggression and rule-breaking behavior on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), as well as violent and nonviolent criminal activity and bullying behavior.


RESULTS
Delinquent peer influences, antisocial personality traits, depression, and parents/guardians who use psychological abuse in intimate relationships were consistent risk factors for youth violence and aggression. Neighborhood quality, parental use of domestic violence in intimate relationships, and exposure to violent television or video games were not predictive of youth violence and aggression.


CONCLUSIONS
Childhood depression, delinquent peer association, and parental use of psychological abuse may be particularly fruitful avenues for future prevention or intervention efforts.
Ferguson
Christopher J
CJ
Texas A&M International University, Laredo, TX 78045, USA. CJFerguson1111@aol.com
San Miguel
Claudia
C
Hartley
Richard D
RD
D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008402:Mass Media; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010379:Peer Group; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D014754:Violence / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*