Cryptosporidium parvum isolate-dependent postinfectious jejunal hypersensitivity and mast cell accumulation in an immunocompetent rat model.
Cryptosporidium spp. are a cause of self-limited diarrhea in immunocompetent hosts. In immunocompetent rats, Cryptosporidium parvum infection induced digestive hypersensitivity, a key pathophysiological factor in functional digestive disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In such a rat model, we sought to document whether jejunal hypersensitivity depends on C. parvum isolate and is associated with a mast cell accumulation. Five-day-old rats were orally administered 10(5) oocysts of either Nouzilly (NoI) or Iowa (IoI) C. parvum isolate. NoI-infected rats exhibited the lowest food intake on days 7 and 14 postinfection (p.i.). On day 7 p.i., small intestine villus atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and inflammatory cell infiltration were prominent in NoI-infected rats, with higher numbers of Cryptosporidium forms than in IoI-infected rats. Compared to uninfected control rats, jejunal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) were increased only in NoI-infected rats on day 14 p.i. On day 50 p.i., jejunal hypersensitivity to distension was found only in NoI-infected rats; this hypersensitivity is associated with activated mast cell accumulation. The number of mast cells in the jejunal lamina propria was increased from day 36 p.i. in NoI-infected rats and only at day 120 p.i. in IoI-infected rats. Our data suggest that both the severity of infection (weight loss, reduced food intake, villus atrophy, and IEL accumulation) and the onset of a jejunal hypersensitivity after infection in association with an activated mast cell accumulation are isolate dependent and related to NoI infection. This cryptosporidiosis rat model is a relevant model for the study of underlying mechanisms of postinfectious IBS-like symptoms.
Khaldi
Samira
S
Parasitology Laboratory, Rouen University Hospital, and Institute for Biomedical Research, University of Rouen, Rouen, France.
Gargala
Gilles
G
Le Goff
Laetitia
L
Parey
Simon
S
Francois
Arnaud
A
Fioramonti
Jean
J
Ballet
Jean-Jacques
JJ
Dupont
Jean-Paul
JP
Ducrotté
Philippe
P
Favennec
Loïc
L
D000818:Animals; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D017288:Pain Threshold; D051381:Rats
Monogr Allergy. 1990;27:1-30
2084533
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Dec;319(3):1104-11
16988056
Am J Vet Res. 1996 Nov;57(11):1586-8
8915434
Parasitology. 1998 Dec;117 ( Pt 6):525-31
9881376
Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2001 Aug;4(4):287-291
11469986
Gut. 2007 Feb;56(2):203-9
17005763
Gut. 2004 Apr;53(4):501-6
15016743
Am J Med Sci. 2000 Nov;320(5):304-9
11093682
Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Aug 15;39(4):504-10
15356813
J Invest Dermatol. 1982 Mar;78(3):206-9
6276474
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2007 Jan;19(1 Suppl):20-8
17280583
Parasitol Res. 2005 Jul;96(5):326-30
15924222
Parasitol Res. 2003 Mar;89(5):364-70
12632148
Gastroenterology. 2004 Mar;126(3):693-702
14988823
Microbes Infect. 2007 Apr;9(5):574-82
17395519
J Parasitol. 1999 Apr;85(2):234-9
10219301
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jun;75(6):2785-9
351615
Dig Dis Sci. 1993 Sep;38(9):1590-5
8359068
Infect Immun. 1997 Nov;65(11):4761-9
9353062
Contrib Microbiol. 2000;6:116-39
10943510
Int J Parasitol. 2007 Jan;37(1):11-20
17070814
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Sep;65(9):3936-41
10473398
J Protozool. 1991 Nov-Dec;38(6):103S-104S
1818125
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2007 Jan;19(1 Suppl):89-119
17280587
Infect Immun. 2007 Mar;75(3):1137-43
17158891
Dig Dis Sci. 1995 Aug;40(8):1607-13
7648957
Infect Immun. 1991 Feb;59(2):718-20
1987087
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2007 Jan;19(1 Suppl):62-88
17280586
N Engl J Med. 2001 Jun 14;344(24):1846-50
11407347
Parasitol Res. 2009 Apr;104(5):985-91
19043739
Infect Immun. 2002 Apr;70(4):2090-9
11895975
Immunology. 1982 Jul;46(3):487-95
7047382
J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006 Feb;57(2):353-5
16361328
Gastroenterology. 1996 Dec;111(6):1516-23
8942730
J Eukaryot Microbiol. 1997 Nov-Dec;44(6):71S-72S
9508452
Parasitol Res. 2001 Nov;87(11):891-6
11728011
N Engl J Med. 1995 Mar 30;332(13):855-9
7870140
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Jan;21(1 Pt 1):71-8
16706815
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2006 Jan;22(1):13-7
16319671
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2005 Dec;17(6):863-70
16336502
Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Feb 15;46(4):594-9
18205536
Gut. 1973 Feb;14(2):125-32
4696535
Infect Immun. 2006 Jul;74(7):4387-9
16790818
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2004 Jun;16(3):311-4
15198653
N Engl J Med. 2004 Jan 1;350(1):38-47
14702426
Gastroenterology. 2007 Jan;132(1):26-37
17241857
Gastroenterology. 1990 May;98(5 Pt 1):1129-40
2323506
Parasitol Res. 2008 Nov;103(6):1289-95
18677623
J Parasitol. 2008 Oct;94(5):1150-4
18576802
Exp Parasitol. 1999 Feb;91(2):119-25
9990339
J Infect Dis. 1996 Jul;174(1):229-32
8656002
Gut. 2004 Aug;53(8):1096-101
15247174
Int J Parasitol. 2008 Jul;38(8-9):1051-5
18096164
J Vet Intern Med. 2002 Jan-Feb;16(1):12-21
11822801
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 1998 Dec;10(6):499-508
10050255
J Infect Dis. 1991 Jun;163(6):1297-304
2037795
J Infect Dis. 1999 Oct;180(4):1275-81
10479158
Parasitol Res. 2003 Oct;91(3):197-203
12923633
Infect Immun. 1992 Aug;60(8):3325-31
1639500
J Immunol. 1996 Jan 1;156(1):263-8
8598471
Eur J Pharmacol. 1997 Oct 22;337(2-3):279-82
9430426
Am J Physiol. 1992 Nov;263(5 Pt 1):G673-7
1443141