Novel insights of secretory phospholipase a(2) action in cardiology.
Phospholipase A(2)s (PLA(2)s) produce free fatty acid and lysophospholipid from membrane phospholipid, and these products can be converted into various types of proinflammatory lipid mediators by specific enzymes. Among several types of PLA(2), secretory PLA(2)s (sPLA(2)s) have crucial roles in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Circulating sPLA(2) is increasing in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and it can be a risk factor for CAD and a prognostic factor in those patients. Secretory PLA(2)s amplify the inflammatory responses in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and fetal acute respiratory distress. In some animal experiments, sPLA(2)s can hydrolyze low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein and lead to progress of atherosclerotic plaques. Some inhibitor studies for sPLA(2) revealed that inhibition of sPLA(2) reduced the myocardial impairment after ischemia/reperfusion injury and progression of atherosclerotic plaque areas in animal models. Secretory PLA(2)s might be a new target for cardiovascular medicine.
Fujioka
Daisuke
D
Department of Internal Medicine II, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898 Japan.
Kugiyama
Kiyotaka
K
D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*
D001798:Blood Proteins; C400481:PLIalpha; D054497:Phospholipases A2, Secretory