title: A pilot case-control study on the alveolar bone density measurement in risk assessment for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
abstract: Alveolar bone mineral density (BMD) measured by radiography standardized by aluminum step wedge pasted on the film and digitized by a computer system was significantly higher around osteonecrosis lesions than in control cases in a pilot case-control study. High alveolar bone density appears useful as a local risk factor for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In an attempt to find a reliable test method predicting the occurrence of BRONJ in addition to various risk factors suggested, an increase of alveolar bone density near the necrotic lesions was found by computerized radiogrammetry using dental films pasted with an aluminum step wedge (Bone Right, Dentalgraphic.Com Company, Himeji) in six cases of BRONJ.
  
  
  METHODS
  The bone mineral density surrounding the osteonecrosis lesions showed distinctly higher density in BRONJ cases compared with age-matched controls. In one subject on bisphosphonate treatment in whom two extractions were simultaneously carried out, BRONJ occurred only at the location with extremely high alveolar bone density, but not at the other site with normal density.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method may be useful in detecting a rise of alveolar BMD frequently occurring near the necrotic lesion in subjects with impending risk for BRONJ.
authors.affiliation: Takaishi Dental Clinic, 3-32, Hojo-guchi, Himeji, 670-0935, Japan. takaishi@dentalgraphic.com
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takaishi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000379:methods; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates
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