title: Fluorine-labeling as a diagnostic for thiol-ligand and gold nanocluster self-assembly.
abstract: An omega-fluorine-labeled oxyethylene thiol ligand, F(CH2CH2O)2CH2CH2SH, was synthesized, characterized and incorporated into mixed self-assembled monolayers with CH3(OCH2CH2)3SH onto a planar gold substrate and onto 2 nm gold nanoclusters. The fluorine-labeled nanocluster was self-assembled onto gold substrates using alkane dithiol (HS(CH2)nSH; n = 5, 8, 11) and oxyethylene dithiol (HS(CH2CH2O)nCH2CH2SH; n = 1, 2, 3) linking agents with equivalent chain lengths for comparative purposes. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to track the fluorine-label in the self-assembly operations and to evaluate the effectiveness of the dithiols. For adequate XPS sensitivity at least 10% of the monolayer-forming molecules should be functionalized with this fluorine-label. In the comparative self-assembly of the fluorine-labeled gold nanoclusters in chloroform solution, the alkane dithiols were observed to be the more effective linking agents. This effectiveness correlates with the XPS analysis of alkane dithiols self-assembling onto the gold substrates with a higher packing density and with a larger fraction of molecules having one thiol group as opposed to two bonded to the gold surface. The oxyethylene dithiols self-assemble with a smaller packing density and a smaller fraction of molecules with an unbonded thiol group available for self-assembly.
authors.affiliation: Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA. arthur.snow@nrl.navy.mil
authors.forename: Arthur W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Snow
authors.forename: Edward E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Foos
authors.forename: Melissa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Coble
authors.forename: Glenn G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Jernigan
authors.forename: Mario G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ancona