title: yFACT induces global accessibility of nucleosomal DNA without H2A-H2B displacement.
abstract: FACT has been proposed to function by displacing H2A-H2B dimers from nucleosomes to form hexasomes. Results described here with yeast FACT (yFACT) suggest instead that nucleosomes are reorganized to a form with the original composition but a looser, more dynamic structure. First, yFACT enhances hydroxyl radical accessibility and endonuclease digestion in vitro at sites throughout the nucleosome, not just in regions contacted by H2A-H2B. Accessibility increases dramatically, but the DNA remains partially protected. Second, increased nuclease sensitivity can occur without displacement of dimers from the nucleosome. Third, yFACT is required for eviction of nucleosomes from the GAL1-10 promoter during transcriptional activation in vivo, but the preferential reduction in dimer occupancy expected for hexasome formation is not observed. We propose that yFACT promotes a reversible transition between two nucleosomal forms, and that this activity contributes to the establishment and maintenance of the chromatin barrier as well as to overcoming it.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahata
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanksma
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McCullough
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Stillman
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Formosa
mesh_terms: D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000502:physiology*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D035602:Transcriptional Elongation Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C541535:FACT protein, S cerevisiae; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes; C106768:POB3 protein, S cerevisiae; C071238:SPT16 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D035602:Transcriptional Elongation Factors; C024388:CTGCAG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; C035594:TTTAAA -specific type II deoxyribonucleases
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