title: Social issues among children with high or intermediate imperforate anus: a proxy perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Children with imperforate anus (IA) may be psychosocially affected.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents of children with IA and parents in two comparison groups rated their children using a study-specific questionnaire and the Competence Scales in the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Teachers rated Academic and Adaptive Functioning Scales in the Teacher's Report Form (TRF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  School items were rated favorably by the fathers of children with IA, and mothers reported less expression of their children's will. Children with IA were socially competent according to CBCL, although they received lower ratings on the TRF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Psychosocial issues seem to be challenging for children with IA, and this needs attention in care management.
authors.affiliation: Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. margret.nisell@ki.se
authors.forename: Margret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nisell
authors.forename: Wilmar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Igl
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ojmyr-Joelsson
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frenckner
authors.forename: Per-Anders
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Rydelius
authors.forename: Kyllike
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Christensson
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001006:Anus, Imperforate / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000523:psychology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D003248:Constipation / Q000209:etiology; D005178:Faculty; D005220:Fathers / Q000523:psychology*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010865:Pilot Projects; D019727:Proxy / Q000523:psychology*; D002666:Psychology, Child; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden