title: Evaluation of the impact of intracorneal ring segments implantation on the quality of life of patients with keratoconus using the NEI-RQL (National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of life) instrument.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A prospective study evaluating the impact of intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation on the quality of life of patients with keratoconus using the NEI-RQL (National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life) instrument.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine eyes of 42 keratoconus patients were implanted with the Keraring. All patients self-administered the NEI-RQL before and 4(1/2) to 8 months after surgery. The results were evaluated and analysed, along with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, contrast sensitivity, corneal topography and aberrometry preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant improvement in all NEI-RQL scales and the overall scale. "Clarity of vision," "far vision," "near vision," "activity limitations," "appearance" and "satisfaction with correction" had the greatest improvement, ranging from 25 to 50 preoperatively to 80 to 90 after surgery. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity and binocular BCVA improved significantly, and there was a significant decrease in keratometric values, from 50.22 dioptres preoperatively to 46.27 dioptres postoperatively. Contrast sensitivity function improved postoperatively, especially at the frequency of 6 cpd. Low-order root mean square (RMS) improved after surgery, but high-order RMS did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICRS implantation not only improves the quantitative metrics such as visual acuity and refraction, but also has a positive impact on patients' quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Hospital da Visão, Empresa Particular, Rua 38, no 300, Setor Marista, 74150250, Goiania, GO, Brazil. ju.fsp@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Freitas Santos Paranhos
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Avila
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paranhos
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007640:Keratoconus / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D014792:Visual Acuity; D055815:Young Adult