title: Stability of interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 responses to Plasmodium falciparum liver stage antigen 1 and thrombospondin-related adhesive protein immunodominant epitopes in a highland population from Western Kenya.
abstract: Long-term planning to prevent malaria epidemics requires in-depth understanding of immunity to Plasmodium falciparum in areas of unstable transmission. Cytokine responses to immunodominant epitope peptides from liver stage antigen 1 (LSA-1) and thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) were evaluated over a nine-month interval in adults and children in Kenya from a malaria epidemic-prone highland area after several years of low transmission. The proportion and magnitude of interferon-gamma ELISPOT responses and the proportion of interleukin-10 responders to LSA-1 and TRAP peptides tended to be higher in adults than children. Frequencies of interferon-gamma responders to these peptides were similar at the two time points, but responses were not consistently generated by the same persons. These results suggest that T cell memory to pre-erythrocytic stage malaria antigens is maintained but may be unavailable for consistent detection in peripheral blood, and that these antigens induce both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine responses in this population.
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health and Diseases, and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106-7286, USA. moorms@case.edu
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moormann
authors.forename: Peter Odada
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Sumba
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tisch
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Embury
authors.forename: Charles H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kazura
authors.forename: Chandy C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: John
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000276:immunology*; D015995:Prevalence; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D016056:Immunodominant Epitopes; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; C067302:liver stage-specific antigen, Plasmodium; C069428:thrombospondin-related adhesive protein, protozoan; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma
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