Dynamics of T cell, antigen-presenting cell, and pathogen interactions during recall responses in the lymph node.
Memory T cells circulate through lymph nodes where they are poised to respond rapidly upon re-exposure to a pathogen; however, the dynamics of memory T cell, antigen-presenting cell, and pathogen interactions during recall responses are largely unknown. We used a mouse model of infection with the intracellular protozoan parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, in conjunction with two-photon microscopy, to address this question. After challenge, memory T cells migrated more rapidly than naive T cells, relocalized toward the subcapsular sinus (SCS) near invaded macrophages, and engaged in prolonged interactions with infected cells. Parasite invasion of T cells occurred by direct transfer of the parasite from the target cell into the T cell and corresponded to an antigen-specific increase in the rate of T cell invasion. Our results provide insight into cellular interactions during recall responses and suggest a mechanism of pathogen subversion of the immune response.
Chtanova
Tatyana
T
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Life Sciences Addition, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Han
Seong-Ji
SJ
Schaeffer
Marie
M
van Dooren
Giel G
GG
Herzmark
Paul
P
Striepen
Boris
B
Robey
Ellen A
EA
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000276:immunology*; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000276:immunology
D039521:CD11c Antigen; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C499308:Rag2 protein, mouse
Scand J Immunol. 1980;12(5):433-41
7466330
J Clin Invest. 2004 Sep;114(5):605-10
15343375
Immunity. 2007 Jul;27(1):160-71
17658276
Int J Parasitol. 2004 Mar 9;34(3):401-9
15003499
Cell Microbiol. 2006 Oct;8(10):1611-23
16984416
Nat Immunol. 2007 Sep;8(9):992-1000
17660822
J Exp Med. 2007 Feb 19;204(2):345-56
17261634
PLoS Biol. 2005 Jun;3(6):e160
15869324
J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 2;276(44):41492-501
11526113
J Immunol. 2007 Dec 15;179(12):8357-65
18056381
J Immunol. 1983 Oct;131(4):1714-27
6619542
Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1999 Aug 20;102(2):311-24
10498186
Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Sep;8(9):675-84
19172690
Infect Immun. 2007 Nov;75(11):5200-9
17846116
Science. 2007 Oct 5;318(5847):116-20
17916739
J Exp Med. 2006 Nov 27;203(12):2749-61
17116735
Nature. 2007 Nov 1;450(7166):110-4
17934446
J Clin Invest. 2006 Sep;116(9):2366-77
16955139
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2008;62:471-87
18785844
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008 Jan;6(1):79-88
18059289
PLoS Pathog. 2009 Feb;5(2):e1000288
19197351
J Immunol. 1991 Jan 1;146(1):286-92
1670604
Immunobiology. 1999 Dec;201(2):240-7
10631573
Nature. 1989 Nov 30;342(6249):559-61
2573841
Nature. 2002 Feb 21;415(6874):926-9
11859373
Clin Microbiol Rev. 1998 Oct;11(4):569-88
9767056
Immunity. 2008 Oct 17;29(4):602-14
18835197
Science. 2008 Aug 15;321(5891):970-4
18703742
BMC Biotechnol. 2002 Jun 11;2:11
12079497
Cell Immunol. 2001 Dec 15;214(2):110-22
12088410
Immunity. 2008 Sep 19;29(3):487-96
18718768
J Exp Med. 2009 Feb 16;206(2):399-410
19153244
Blood. 2006 Jan 1;107(1):309-16
16051744
Int Rev Immunol. 2002 Jul-Oct;21(4-5):373-403
12486820
J Exp Med. 2002 Jun 17;195(12):1625-33
12070289
J Immunol. 1988 Jun 1;140(11):3943-6
3259601
Blood. 2005 Sep 1;106(5):1843-50
15886329
Nat Immunol. 2008 Feb;9(2):155-65
18193049
J Immunol. 2009 May 15;182(10):6379-93
19414791
Annu Rev Immunol. 2008;26:585-626
18173372
Curr Opin Immunol. 2001 Apr;13(2):248-54
11228420
PLoS Biol. 2005 Jun;3(6):e150
15857154
Nat Biotechnol. 2004 Dec;22(12):1567-72
15558047
J Immunol. 1992 Jul 1;149(1):175-80
1351500
Infect Immun. 2005 Feb;73(2):703-11
15664908
Int J Parasitol. 2004 Mar 9;34(3):411-21
15003500
Nat Immunol. 2004 Dec;5(12):1243-50
15543150
Immunity. 2008 Feb;28(2):271-84
18261937
Parasite Immunol. 2008 Apr;30(4):235-44
18194347
J Immunol. 1990 Nov 15;145(10):3438-41
2121825
Science. 1990 Aug 10;249(4969):641-6
2200126
J Clin Invest. 2008 Apr;118(4):1390-7
18357341
J Immunol. 2003 Feb 15;170(4):1949-57
12574363
Immunity. 2006 Jul;25(1):129-41
16860762