title: Bone loss in relation to serum levels of osteoprotegerin and nuclear factor-kappaB ligand: the Tromsø Study.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  In this longitudinal study of 4,137 persons, bone mineral density was negatively associated with osteoprotegerin at baseline in both genders. In postmenopausal women not using hormone replacement therapy (HRT), bone-loss increased with increasing osteoprotegerin levels, whereas no relationship was found in men, premenopausal women, or postmenopausal women taking HRT.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In a population-based study of 2,003 men and 2,134 women, the relationship between the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) system and bone mineral density (BMD) and changes in BMD was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline measurements included height, weight, BMD of the forearm, OPG, RANKL, vitamin D, and serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and information about lifestyle, prevalent diseases, and use of medication. BMD was remeasured at follow-up 6 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMD was negatively associated with OPG at baseline in both men and women (p trend over OPG levels = 0.01 and 0.007, respectively, after adjustments for age, and other confounders). In postmenopausal women not on hormone replacement therapy, bone loss increased with increasing OPG (p = 0.005), whereas no relationship was found in men, premenopausal women, or postmenopausal women on HRT (p >or= 0.28). BMD at baseline and BMD changes were not related to RANKL levels in any of the groups (p >or= 0.14).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In postmenopausal women not using HRT, bone loss associated positively with OPG. The results indicate that in women deficient in sex steroids, the OPG/RANKL system may play an important counter regulatory role in order to avoid bone loss and maintain BMD. In men and women replete in sex steroids, the OPG/RANKL system was not associated with BMD.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway. lone.jorgensen@uit.no
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vik
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Emaus
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brox
authors.forename: J-B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mathiesen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vestergaard
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human
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