title: Long-term retention of self-fertilization in a fish clade.
abstract: Among vertebrate animals, only the mangrove rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus) was known to self-fertilize. Here, we use microsatellite analyses to document a high selfing rate (97%) in a related nominal species, Kryptolebias ocellatus, which likewise is androdioecious (populations consist of males and hermaphrodites). In contrast, we find no evidence of self-fertilization in Kryptolebias caudomarginatus (an androdioecious species closely related to the marmoratus-ocellatus clade) or in Kryptolebias brasiliensis (a dioecious outgroup). These findings indicate that the initiation of self-fertilization predated the origin of the marmoratus-ocellatus clade. From mitochondrial DNA sequences and microsatellite data, we document a substantial genetic distance between Kryptolebias marmoratus and K. ocellatus, implying that the selfing capacity has persisted in these fishes for at least several hundred thousand years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Andrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tatarenkov
authors.forename: Sergio M Q
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: D Scott
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Avise
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D023781:Fundulidae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D057850:Hermaphroditic Organisms; D007178:Inbreeding; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012098:Reproduction / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D019849:Sex Determination Processes / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial
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