Hypocholesterolemic effects of Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC3928 by increased bile acid excretion in C57BL/6 mice.
OBJECTIVE
We doubly coated Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC3928 with proteins and polysaccharide compounds to enhance its acid and bile resistance. The present study investigated the hypocholesterolemic effects of double-coated L. plantarum KCTC3928 in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. The effects of live and dead bacteria were compared.


METHODS
Six-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were divided into three groups: the control group was fed no L. plantarum KCTC3928, and the two treatment groups were orally fed live or dead L. plantarum KCTC3928 daily. Plasma and liver cholesterol and lipid levels, fecal bile acid, and gene and protein expressions were measured.


RESULTS
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and plasma triacylglycerol levels were significantly lower in the group fed live bacteria, by 42% and 32%, respectively (P<0.05), and fecal bile acid excretion was accelerated (+45%). Expression of the low-density lipoprotein receptor and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase were marginally affected by the feeding of coated cells; however, the gene expression and protein levels of CYP7A1 were significantly upregulated after live L. plantarum KCTC3928 feeding (+80% for mRNA and +60% for protein expression).


CONCLUSIONS
Double-coated live L. plantarum KCTC3928 may have hypocholesterolemic effects in mice primarily due to induction of fecal bile acid secretion followed by increased degradation of hepatic cholesterol into bile acids. Studies in humans should confirm the effects in the future.
Jeun
Jungae
J
Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Food Safety, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Kim
Sukyung
S
Cho
Sung-Yun
SY
Jun
Hee-Jin
HJ
Park
Hyun-Jin
HJ
Seo
Jae-Gu
JG
Chung
Myung-Jun
MJ
Lee
Sung-Joon
SJ
D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism*; D053493:Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D015854:Up-Regulation
D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D014280:Triglycerides; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D053493:Cholestanetriol 26-Monooxygenase