title: Tonic and atonic seizures: what's next--VNS or callosotomy?
abstract: Medically intractable tonic and atonic seizures may be responsive to either vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) or corpus callosum section. VNS has been shown to be effective and is associated with very low morbidity. Callosotomy is a more ambitious procedure, with a higher risk of complications but greater likelihood of seizure improvement.
authors.affiliation: The Comprehensive Epilepsy Care Center for Children and Adults, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Rosenfeld
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D012640:Seizures / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055536:Vagus Nerve Stimulation