title: Structural analysis of the lipid A isolated from Hafnia alvei 32 and PCM 1192 lipopolysaccharides.
abstract: Hafnia alvei, a Gram-negative bacterium, is an opportunistic pathogen associated with mixed hospital infections, bacteremia, septicemia, and respiratory diseases. The majority of clinical symptoms of diseases caused by this bacterium have a lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin)-related origin. The lipid A structure affects the biological activity of endotoxins predominantly. Thus, the structure of H. alvei lipid A was analyzed for the first time. The major form, asymmetrically hexa-acylated lipid A built of beta-D-GlcpN4P-(1-->6)-alpha-D-GlcpN1P substituted with (R)-14:0(3-OH) at N-2 and O-3, 14:0(3-(R)-O-12:0) at N-2', and 14:0(3-(R)-O-14:0) at O-3', was identified by ESI-MS(n) and MALDI-time-of-flight (TOF) MS. Comparative analysis performed by MS suggested that LPSs of H. alvei 32, PCM 1192, PCM 1206, and PCM 1207 share the identified structure of lipid A. LPSs of H. alvei are yet another example of enterobacterial endotoxins having the Escherichia coli-type structure of lipid A. The presence of hepta-acylated forms of H. alvei lipid A resulted from the addition of palmitate (16:0) substituting 14:0(3-OH) at N-2 of the alpha-GlcpN residue. All the studied strains of H. alvei have an ability to modify their lipid A structure by palmitoylation.
authors.affiliation: L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, R. Weigla 12, PL-53-114 Wroclaw, Poland. czaja@iitd.pan.wroc.pl
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lukasiewicz
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jachymek
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niedziela
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kenne
authors.forename: Czeslaw
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lugowski
mesh_terms: D000215:Acylation; D020611:Hafnia alvei / Q000737:chemistry*; D008050:Lipid A / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D008050:Lipid A; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010100:Oxygen
references.citation: Avian Pathol. 2004 Apr;33(2):200-4
references.pmid: 15276988
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1983 Nov 10;258(21):12801-3
references.pmid: 6355095
references.citation: Cell. 1998 Oct 16;95(2):189-98
references.pmid: 9790526
references.citation: Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006 Jan;19(1):12-8
references.pmid: 16418520
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 1996 May 1;237(3):635-41
references.pmid: 8647107
references.citation: PLoS Pathog. 2006 Jun;2(6):e67
references.pmid: 16846256
references.citation: J Mass Spectrom. 2004 Apr;39(4):378-83
references.pmid: 15103651
references.citation: Carbohydr Res. 1996 Oct 4;292:117-28
references.pmid: 8870241
references.citation: Carbohydr Res. 1979 Dec;77:10-7
references.pmid: 519653
references.citation: J Bacteriol. 2008 Aug;190(15):5256-64
references.pmid: 18515419
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 1999 Nov;266(1):53-61
references.pmid: 10542050
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 1996 Apr 1;237(1):272-8
references.pmid: 8620884
references.citation: J Appl Microbiol. 2008 Nov;105(5):1614-22
references.pmid: 18795976
references.citation: J Mass Spectrom. 1996 Feb;31(2):138-49
references.pmid: 8799267
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 2002 Dec;43(12):2188-95
references.pmid: 12454282
references.citation: Science. 1997 Apr 11;276(5310):250-3
references.pmid: 9092473
references.citation: Carbohydr Res. 1997 Mar 5;298(3):219-27
references.pmid: 9090816
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 1997 May 1;245(3):668-75
references.pmid: 9183004
references.citation: Acta Biochim Pol. 1995;42(1):51-4
references.pmid: 7653161
references.citation: Eur J Biochem. 1997 Mar 1;244(2):580-6
references.pmid: 9119027
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 2005 Aug;57(4):900-12
references.pmid: 16091033
references.citation: Eur J Immunol. 1986 Oct;16(10):1263-7
references.pmid: 3490388
references.citation: FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 1999 May;24(1):63-71
references.pmid: 10340714
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2006 Sep 5;45(35):10434-47
references.pmid: 16939196
references.citation: Carbohydr Res. 1995 Apr 3;269(1):125-38
references.pmid: 7539717
references.citation: FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 1995 Jan;10(2):119-24
references.pmid: 7719279
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 2007 Nov;48(11):2419-27
references.pmid: 17703058
references.citation: J Bacteriol. 2009 Jan;191(2):533-44
references.pmid: 19011031
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 2005 Jan;55(2):425-40
references.pmid: 15659161
references.citation: J Mass Spectrom. 2004 May;39(5):514-25
references.pmid: 15170747
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2002 Aug 1;307(1):131-7
references.pmid: 12137789