title: Dynamic changes in the extracellular proteome caused by absence of a pleiotropic regulator AdpA in Streptomyces griseus.
abstract: In Streptomyces griseus, A-factor (2-isocapryloyl-3R-hydroxymethyl-gamma-butyrolactone) triggers morphological development and secondary metabolism by inducing a pleiotropic transcriptional regulator AdpA. Extracellular proteome analysis of the wild-type and DeltaadpA strains grown to the end of the exponential phase in liquid minimal medium revealed that 38 secreted proteins, including many catabolic enzymes, such as protease, glycosyl hydrolase and esterase, were produced in an AdpA-dependent manner. Transcriptome analysis showed that almost all of these AdpA-dependent secreted proteins were regulated at the transcriptional level. In vitro AdpA-binding assays and determination of transcriptional start sites led to identification of 11 promoters as novel targets of AdpA. Viability staining revealed that some hyphae lysed during the exponential growth phase, which could explain the detection of 3 and 23 cytoplasmic proteins in the culture media of the wild-type and DeltaadpA strains respectively. In the wild-type strain, due to high protease activity in the culture medium, cytoplasmic proteins that leaked from dead cells seemed to be degraded and reused for the further growth. The existence of many AdpA-dependent (i.e. A-factor-inducible) secreted catabolic enzymes, which are likely involved in the assimilation of material that leaked from dead cells, reemphasizes the importance of A-factor in the morphological differentiation of S. griseus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Genki
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akanuma
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Sueharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horinouchi
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D001433:Bacteriolysis; D001665:Binding Sites; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D008954:Models, Biological; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D013305:Streptomyces griseus / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D024363:Transcription Initiation Site
chemical_list: C401645:AdpA protein, Streptomyces griseus; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D020543:Proteome; D015534:Trans-Activators