title: Is there any difference in carotid stenosis between male and female patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting?
abstract: Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of death in women. Significant gender differences have been reported among patients with symptomatic carotid artery disease. The aim of this study is to examine if the female sex is a predisposing factor for carotid stenosis in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. We studied 965 CABG patients, 796 males and 169 females. We combined the gender with risk factors predicting carotid disease as a history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA), peripheral vascular disease (PVD), left main (LM) disease and advanced age. We compared the incidence of carotid disease for each gender against known risk factors, which are history of CVA, PVD, LM and advanced age. In our study, there was not a statistically significant difference for the presence of carotid disease between males and females undergoing CABG. However, patients with a history of CVA, with PVD and older age were at greater risk for carotid stenosis. We conclude that the female sex is not a predictive factor for carotid stenosis in CABG patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece. ssiminel@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siminelakis
authors.forename: Angeliki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotsanti
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Siafakas
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dimakopoulos
authors.forename: Socrates
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sismanidis
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koutentakis
authors.forename: Constantine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paziouros
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000150:complications; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color