title: A genome-wide compilation of the two-component systems in Lotus japonicus.
abstract: The two-component systems (TCS), or histidine-to-aspartate phosphorelays, are evolutionarily conserved common signal transduction mechanisms that are implicated in a wide variety of cellular responses to environmental stimuli in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes including plants. Among higher plants, legumes including Lotus japonicus have a unique ability to engage in beneficial symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. We previously presented a genome-wide compiled list of TCS-associated components of Mesorhizobium loti, which is a symbiont specific to L. japonicus (Hagiwara et al. 2004, DNA Res., 11, 57-65). To gain both general and specific insights into TCS of this currently attractive model legume, here we compiled TCS-associated components as many as possible from a genome-wide viewpoint by taking advantage that the efforts of whole genome sequencing of L. japonicus are almost at final stage. In the current database (http://www.kazusa.or.jp/lotus/index.html), it was found that L. japonicus has, at least, 14 genes each encoding a histidine kinase, 7 histidine-containing phosphotransmitter-related genes, 7 type-A response regulator (RR)-related genes, 11 type-B RR-related genes, and also 5 circadian clock-associated pseudo-RR genes. These results suggested that most of the L. japonicus TCS-associated genes have already been uncovered in this genome-wide analysis, if not all. Here, characteristics of these TCS-associated components of L. japonicus were inspected, one by one, in comparison with those of Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, some critical experiments were also done to gain further insights into the functions of L. japonicus TCS-associated genes with special reference to cytokinin-mediated signal transduction and circadian clock.
authors.affiliation: School of Agriculture, Nagoya University, Furocho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashino
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizuno
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003583:Cytokinins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D000070116:Lotus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D003583:Cytokinins; D010940:Plant Proteins
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2000 Nov;64(11):2486-9
references.pmid: 11193423
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2006 Apr;9(2):128-32
references.pmid: 16480917
references.citation: DNA Res. 1996 Dec 31;3(6):407-14
references.pmid: 9097043
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2008 Oct;11(5):479-85
references.pmid: 18692429
references.citation: Sci STKE. 2007 Oct 09;2007(407):cm5
references.pmid: 17925576
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2007 Jun;48(6):822-32
references.pmid: 17504813
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2008 Aug;147(4):2030-40
references.pmid: 18567832
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2002 Dec;66(12):2663-72
references.pmid: 12596864
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Dec 30;105(52):21028-33
references.pmid: 19106300
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2005 Feb;8(1):53-8
references.pmid: 15653400
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2007 Apr;10(2):182-9
references.pmid: 17291824
references.citation: Plant Cell. 2004 Mar;16(3):658-71
references.pmid: 14973166
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2001 Feb;42(2):231-5
references.pmid: 11230578
references.citation: Plant Cell. 2007 Nov;19(11):3462-73
references.pmid: 18055606
references.citation: Trends Plant Sci. 2008 Oct;13(10):515-7
references.pmid: 18762442
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2005 Dec;69(12):2263-76
references.pmid: 16377883
references.citation: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2007 Apr;71(4):1003-14
references.pmid: 17420584
references.citation: Biochem J. 2006 Jul 1;397(1):15-24
references.pmid: 16761955
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2007 Feb;48(2):375-80
references.pmid: 17202180
references.citation: Science. 2007 Jan 5;315(5808):101-4
references.pmid: 17110535
references.citation: Proc Biol Sci. 2009 Jun 22;276(1665):2133-45
references.pmid: 19324807
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2005 Feb;46(2):339-55
references.pmid: 15695462
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 1999 Jul;40(7):733-42
references.pmid: 10501033
references.citation: Trends Plant Sci. 2008 Feb;13(2):85-92
references.pmid: 18262459
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 1998 Jun 16;429(3):259-62
references.pmid: 9662428
references.citation: Science. 2006 Jan 6;311(5757):94-8
references.pmid: 16400151
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2004 May;45(5):645-50
references.pmid: 15169947
references.citation: DNA Res. 1997 Apr 28;4(2):161-8
references.pmid: 9205844
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2009 May;10(5):305-17
references.pmid: 19360022
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2007 Jan;48(1):110-21
references.pmid: 17132630
references.citation: Plant Cell. 2005 Nov;17(11):3007-18
references.pmid: 16227453
references.citation: Plant Cell. 1999 Sep;11(9):1743-54
references.pmid: 10488240
references.citation: Science. 2001 Aug 3;293(5531):880-3
references.pmid: 11486091
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2005 May;46(5):677-85
references.pmid: 15767264
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2004 Apr;45(4):427-35
references.pmid: 15111717
references.citation: Plant Cell. 1998 Jun;10(6):1009-19
references.pmid: 9634588
references.citation: Mol Gen Genet. 2000 Nov;264(4):441-51
references.pmid: 11129048
references.citation: DNA Res. 2008 Aug;15(4):227-39
references.pmid: 18511435
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2002 Aug;43(8):833-43
references.pmid: 12198185
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2002 Jun;129(2):500-15
references.pmid: 12068096
references.citation: J Integr Plant Biol. 2008 Jul;50(7):808-15
references.pmid: 18713391
references.citation: Plant Cell Environ. 2007 Mar;30(3):333-349
references.pmid: 17263778
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2004 Oct;7(5):499-505
references.pmid: 15337091
references.citation: Plant Physiol. 2007 Feb;143(2):555-7
references.pmid: 17284581
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2003 Aug;44(8):868-74
references.pmid: 12941880
references.citation: Annu Rev Biochem. 2000;69:183-215
references.pmid: 10966457
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2006 Apr;9(2):122-7
references.pmid: 16458040
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2000 Sep;41(9):1002-12
references.pmid: 11100772
references.citation: Science. 1996 Nov 8;274(5289):982-5
references.pmid: 8875940
references.citation: Science. 2007 Jan 5;315(5808):104-7
references.pmid: 17110537
references.citation: Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2008 Oct;11(5):514-20
references.pmid: 18678522
references.citation: J Biochem. 1998 Apr;123(4):555-63
references.pmid: 9538242
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 1990 Jul;4(7):1077-82
references.pmid: 1700256
references.citation: DNA Res. 2004 Feb 29;11(1):57-65
references.pmid: 15141946
references.citation: Plant Cell Physiol. 2008 Jan;49(1):47-57
references.pmid: 18037673
references.citation: Plant Cell. 2002 Sep;14(9):2015-29
references.pmid: 12215502