title: Dual therapeutic efficacy of vinblastine as a unique chemotherapeutic agent capable of inducing dendritic cell maturation.
abstract: Our recent unbiased functional screen of 54 chemotherapeutic drugs unveiled striking heterogeneity in their effects on dendritic cells (DC). Most notably, vinblastine (VBL) was found to induce phenotypic and functional maturation of DCs in vitro. Here, we sought to determine whether VBL exhibits "dual" therapeutic efficacy in living animals by directly killing tumor cells and by boosting host immunity via DC maturation. Local injection of VBL in a low dose into the skin of C57BL/6 mice induced in situ maturation of epidermal Langerhans cells. When coinjected with a model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA), VBL enhanced OVA-specific cellular and humoral immune responses. When injected directly into the OVA cDNA-transduced E.G7 tumors, VBL augmented clonal expansion of OVA-reactive CD8 T cells and CTL activities. In B16 melanoma model, intratumor VBL injection induced apoptosis of melanoma cells, phenotypic maturation of tumor-infiltrating DCs, and significant CTL activities. Although complete clearance was never achieved, growth kinetic of B16 melanoma was markedly reduced in C57BL/6 mice by intratumor VBL injection. Importantly, the same treatment was far less efficacious in immunocompromised severe combined immunodeficient mice, indicating the requirement of intact host immunity. Our results introduce a new concept that VBL may be used to design "immunostimulatory" chemotherapy regimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishibu
authors.forename: Björn E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Clausen
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D014747:Vinblastine; D010047:Ovalbumin
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