Phospholipid, oleic acid micelles and dietary olive oil influence the lutein absorption and activity of antioxidant enzymes in rats.
This study reports on the results of repeated gavages and dietary feeding of lutein dispersed either in phospholipids or fatty acid micelles or vegetable oils and the effects on lutein bioavailability and antioxidant enzymes in rats. For the gavage study, rats (n = 5/group) were intubated with lutein solubilized either in oleic acid (OLA, 18:1n-9) or linoleic acid (LNA, 18:2n-6) or phosphatidylcholine (PC) or lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) or no phospholipid (NoPL) micelles for 10 days. For the dietary study, rats (n = 5/group) were fed a diet containing fenugreek leaf (lutein source), either with olive (OO) or sunflower (SFO) or groundnut (GNO, control) oil or L: -alpha-lecithin (PL) for 4 weeks. The gavage study showed that the plasma, liver and eye lutein levels in OLA and LPC groups were higher by 23.9, 20.8 and 25.5% and 16.1, 28.5 and 14.0% than LNA and PC groups, respectively. The dietary study showed the plasma (35.0 and 43.5%) and eye (18.5 and 37.0%) lutein levels in OO were higher than SFO and GNO groups. The plasma and eye lutein levels in the PL group were higher by 20 and 31.3% than in the control. It is evident that OO and PL modulate lutein absorption, which in turn modulates antioxidant enzymes and fatty acids in plasma and tissues compared to SFO. Hence, selection of the fat source may be vital to enhancing the lutein bioavailability.
Lakshminarayana
R
R
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, CSIR, Mysore, 570020, India.
Raju
M
M
Keshava Prakash
M N
MN
Baskaran
V
V
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D014975:Lutein / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008823:Micelles; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012995:Solubility
D000975:Antioxidants; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D008823:Micelles; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010743:Phospholipids; D010938:Plant Oils; D019301:Oleic Acid; D014975:Lutein
J Lipid Res. 1964 Oct;5:600-8
14221106
Lipids. 2003 Jul;38(7):705-11
14506833
J Biol Chem. 1957 May;226(1):497-509
13428781
Free Radic Biol Med. 1998 Mar 1;24(4):511-21
9580480
Br J Nutr. 1999 Sep;82(3):233-41
10655970
Lipids. 2000 Jul;35(7):803-6
10941883
J Lipid Res. 1998 Jun;39(6):1197-209
9643351
J Nutr. 2001 Nov;131(11):2921-7
11694619
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 May;71(5):1170-80
10799380
J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265-75
14907713
Mol Cell Biochem. 2006 Jan;281(1-2):103-10
16328962
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002 May;56(5):425-30
12001013
Anal Biochem. 1980 May 1;104(1):10-4
6892980
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 May;71(5):1187-93
10799382
Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Aug;70(2):247-51
10426702
Am J Physiol. 1978 Dec;235(6):E686-91
32773
Methods Enzymol. 1984;105:114-21
6727659
J Lipid Res. 1996 Feb;37(2):250-61
9026524
J Nutr. 2002 Mar;132(3):540S-542S
11880589
Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Aug;48(2):298-304
3407609
J Nutr. 2000 Mar;130(3):503-6
10702576
Anal Biochem. 1979 Jun;95(2):351-8
36810
Biochem J. 1965 Mar;94:705-11
14340062
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2003 Jul;19(4):299-304
12885395
J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jul 25;55(15):6395-400
17602649
Prog Retin Eye Res. 2000 Mar;19(2):205-21
10674708
Methods Enzymol. 1984;105:93-104
6328209
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2005 Aug;51(4):216-22
16261992
J Nutr. 1998 Aug;128(8):1361-7
9687557
J Nutr. 1977 Jul;107(7):1340-8
874577