title: Gender differences relating to metabolic syndrome and proinflammation in Finnish subjects with elevated blood pressure.
abstract: Fasting insulin, adiponectin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) were determined in 278 men and 273 women with blood pressure > or = 130 and/or > or = 85 mmHg and/or with antihypertensive medication. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) with the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria was observed in 35% of men and 34% of women. Men with MetS had lower hs-CRP and IL-1Ra than women. The absolute gender difference in adiponectin was smaller and those in IL-1Ra and hs-CRP were greater in subjects with MetS compared to those without. After adjustment with body mass index the association between insulin and the odd's ratio (OR) for MetS remained significant in both genders, in females also the association between the OR for MetS and adiponectin. There are gender differences in subjects with elevated blood pressure and MetS with respect to inflammatory markers and the relationship between adiponectin levels and MetS.
authors.affiliation: Palokka Health Center, 40270 Jyväskylä, Finland. tiina.ahonen@fimnet.fi
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ahonen
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saltevo
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kautiainen
authors.forename: Esko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kumpusalo
authors.forename: Mauno
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanhala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007328:Insulin; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
references.citation: J Cardiometab Syndr. 2007 Spring;2(2):84-90
references.pmid: 17684462
references.citation: Metabolism. 1990 Feb;39(2):167-74
references.pmid: 2405235
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2003 May;26(5):1656-7; author reply 1657-8
references.pmid: 12716859
references.citation: Circ J. 2004 Nov;68(11):975-81
references.pmid: 15502375
references.citation: Obes Res. 2005 Mar;13(3):608-14
references.pmid: 15833947
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2000 Dec;23(12):1835-9
references.pmid: 11128362
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jun;89(6):2548-56
references.pmid: 15181022
references.citation: Eur J Clin Invest. 2001 Jan;31(1):31-6
references.pmid: 11168436
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2002 Nov;25(11):2016-21
references.pmid: 12401749
references.citation: Am J Hypertens. 1989 Jun;2(6 Pt 1):419-23
references.pmid: 2667570
references.citation: Diabetologia. 1991 Jun;34(6):416-22
references.pmid: 1884900
references.citation: Hypertension. 2005 Jun;45(6):1078-82
references.pmid: 15867139
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2007 Apr;30(4):854-60
references.pmid: 17392546
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2007 Jan;148(1):241-51
references.pmid: 17038556
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2008 Mar;197(1):392-9
references.pmid: 17681508
references.citation: Intern Med. 2007;46(17):1345-52
references.pmid: 17827831
references.citation: Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2007 Mar;4(1):13-9
references.pmid: 17469039
references.citation: Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2002 Mar-Apr;18 Suppl 2:S5-9
references.pmid: 11921432
references.citation: Coron Artery Dis. 2004 Sep;15(6):331-6
references.pmid: 15346091
references.citation: J Lab Clin Med. 1997 Mar;129(3):300-8
references.pmid: 9042815
references.citation: Hypertension. 2006 May;47(5):881-6
references.pmid: 16585414
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2006 Dec;29(12):2714-20
references.pmid: 17130210
references.citation: J Leukoc Biol. 1993 Apr;53(4):439-45
references.pmid: 8482924
references.citation: Med Mol Morphol. 2007 Jun;40(2):55-67
references.pmid: 17572841
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003 Aug;35(8):1279-86
references.pmid: 12900679
references.citation: BMC Public Health. 2007 Jul 12;7:154
references.pmid: 17625024
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2005 Oct;28(10):2497-500
references.pmid: 16186286
references.citation: Int J Cardiol. 2008 Mar 14;124(3):339-44
references.pmid: 17433469
references.citation: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004 Mar;52(3):399-404
references.pmid: 14962155
references.citation: Intern Med. 2007;46(14):1079-82
references.pmid: 17634703
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1987 Aug 6;317(6):350-7
references.pmid: 3299096
references.citation: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 Feb;108(3-5):272-80
references.pmid: 17945484
references.citation: Am J Hypertens. 2007 Jul;20(7):784-91
references.pmid: 17586414
references.citation: Int J Epidemiol. 2003 Aug;32(4):600-6
references.pmid: 12913036
references.citation: Diabet Med. 2008 Jun;25(6):747-50
references.pmid: 18435780
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2006 Oct;6(10):772-83
references.pmid: 16998510
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Nov;89(11):5517-22
references.pmid: 15489217
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Jun;89(6):2652-8
references.pmid: 15181037
references.citation: Lancet. 2005 Apr 16-22;365(9468):1415-28
references.pmid: 15836891
references.citation: Diabetes. 1988 Dec;37(12):1595-607
references.pmid: 3056758
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004 May 19;43(10):1817-22
references.pmid: 15145106