title: Trypanosoma cruzi circulating in the southern region of the State of Mexico (Zumpahuacan) are pathogenic: a dog model.
abstract: Here we describe clinical and pathologic evidence of Chagas disease caused in dogs by circulating Trypanosoma cruzi from a newly recognized endemic area in Mexico. We show that the Zumpahuacan isolate, although less virulent than the Sylvio-X10 reference strain that caused acute myocarditis and death, was pathogenic in dogs. Dogs infected with the Zumpahuacan isolate exhibited electrocardiographic alterations, left- and right-ventricle dilation, and hydropericardium. Histologically, diffused perimysial and endomysial lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltration, cardiomyocyte necrosis, and amastigote nests were noted in Zumpahuacan-infected dogs. These findings suggest that the risk of T. cruzi infection and Chagas disease is present in the State of Mexico, and further research is needed to identify the T. cruzi bio-types circulating in southern State of Mexico.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbabosa-Pliego
authors.forename: Hector M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Díaz-Albiter
authors.forename: Laucel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ochoa-García
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aparicio-Burgos
authors.forename: Sandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: López-Heydeck
authors.forename: Valente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Velásquez-Ordoñez
authors.forename: Raul C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Fajardo-Muñoz
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Díaz-González
authors.forename: Roberto Montes
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: De Oca-Jimenez
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbosa-Mireles
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guzmán-Bracho
authors.forename: Jose G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Estrada-Franco
authors.forename: Nisha Jain
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Chagoyán
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002598:Chagas Cardiomyopathy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014774:Virulence
references.citation: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1999;94 Suppl 1:71-80
references.pmid: 10677693
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2001 Dec;65(6):958-65
references.pmid: 11792006
references.citation: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2006 Jun;101(4):345-54
references.pmid: 16951802
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 1987 Jun;127(3):467-73
references.pmid: 3296771
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1984 Mar;33(2):236-8
references.pmid: 6424485
references.citation: Res Immunol. 1991 Feb;142(2):126-9
references.pmid: 1907753
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Jun;58(6):748-58
references.pmid: 9660458
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2004 Nov;72(11):6245-54
references.pmid: 15501750
references.citation: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1992 Jan-Mar;87(1):59-71
references.pmid: 1308556
references.citation: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2001 May;96(4):545-8
references.pmid: 11391429
references.citation: Virchows Arch. 2002 Jul;441(1):69-76
references.pmid: 12111203
references.citation: Exp Parasitol. 1975 Apr;37(2):131-7
references.pmid: 804410
references.citation: Emerg Infect Dis. 2006 Apr;12(4):624-30
references.pmid: 16704811
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1983 May;32(3):497-506
references.pmid: 6407346
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1997 Sep;57(3):328-36
references.pmid: 9311645
references.citation: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2002 Sep-Oct;44(5):273-8
references.pmid: 12436168
references.citation: Arq Bras Cardiol. 2001 Jan;76(1):75-96
references.pmid: 11175486
references.citation: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1987;81(3):415-9
references.pmid: 3120367
references.citation: Clin Cardiol. 2000 Dec;23(12):883-9
references.pmid: 11129673
references.citation: Trends Parasitol. 2001 Aug;17(8):372-6
references.pmid: 11685897
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1978 Nov;27(6):1123-7
references.pmid: 103446
references.citation: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1980 Jul-Dec;75(3-4):77-95
references.pmid: 6815410
references.citation: Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1981 Sep;105(9):460-4
references.pmid: 6791609
references.citation: Arq Bras Cardiol. 1980 Nov;35(5):377-80
references.pmid: 7224898