The Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center's Symposium on Mild Cognitive Impairment. Cognitive training in older adults: lessons from the ACTIVE Study.
This paper is based on a presentation made during the Indiana Alzheimer Disease Center's Symposium on Mild Cognitive Impairment on April 19, 2008. The results of the ACTIVE study (Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly) were presented at the symposium including review of previously published study findings. The ACTIVE study is a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial that has been examining the long-term effectiveness of cognitive training on enhancing mental abilities (memory, reasoning, and attention) and preserving activities of daily living (managing finances, taking medication, using the telephone, and driving) in older adults. Six centers across the eastern United States enrolled nearly 3000 people initially. Participants underwent detailed assessments of mental and functional ability on multiple occasions over several years of follow-up. ACTIVE has shown positive effects of cognitive training at 5 years post-intervention for basic mental abilities, health-related quality of life, and improved ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). A subgroup analysis through 2 years of follow-up suggested that subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) did not benefit from memory training; however, they did benefit, to the same degree as cognitively normal participants, from training in reasoning and speed of processing. This finding suggests that MCI may interfere with a person's ability to benefit from some forms of cognitive enhancement. Limitations of ACTIVE and directions for future research are reviewed.
Unverzagt
Frederick W
FW
The Departments of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1111 W. 10th Street, Suite PB 218A, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. funverza@iupui.edu
Smith
David M
DM
Rebok
George W
GW
Marsiske
Michael
M
Morris
John N
JN
Jones
Richard
R
Willis
Sherry L
SL
Ball
Karlene
K
King
Jonathan W
JW
Koepke
Kathy Mann
KM
Stoddard
Anne
A
Tennstedt
Sharon L
SL
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D018579:Patient Selection; D011788:Quality of Life; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
J Psychiatr Res. 1975 Nov;12(3):189-98
1202204
J Aging Health. 1997 May;9(2):171-84
10182402
Am J Epidemiol. 1995 Jan 1;141(1):41-9
7801965
Optom Vis Sci. 2001 May;78(5):350-9
11384013
JAMA. 1998 Apr 8;279(14):1083-8
9546567
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006 Dec;61(12):1324-9
17234829
Control Clin Trials. 2001 Aug;22(4):453-79
11514044
Med Care. 1992 Jun;30(6):473-83
1593914
Hum Factors. 2003 Summer;45(2):218-33
14529195
J Appl Gerontol. 2005;24(3):211-230
18160968
JAMA. 2002 Nov 13;288(18):2271-81
12425704
Gerontologist. 1998 Oct;38(5):569-77
9803645
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2007 Nov;13(6):953-60
17942013
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1997 Aug;45(8):1017-24
9256857