title: An overview of analytical methodologies for the determination of antibiotics in environmental waters.
abstract: The widespread occurrence of antibiotics as contaminants in the aquatic environment has increased attention in the last years. The concern over the release of antibiotics into the environment is related primarily to the potential for the development of antimicrobial resistance among microorganisms. This article presents an overview of analytical methodologies for the determination of quinolone (Qs) and fluoroquinolone (FQs), macrolide (MLs), tetracycline (TCs), sulfonamide (SAs) antibiotics and trimethoprim (TMP) in different environmental waters. The analysis of these antibiotics has usually been carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) or tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and to a lesser extent by ultraviolet (UV) or fluorescence detection (FD). A very important step before LC analysis is sample preparation and extraction leading to elimination of interferences and prevention of matrix effect and preconcentration of target analytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 500 05 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seifrtová
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nováková
authors.forename: Celeste
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lino
authors.forename: Angelina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pena
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Solich
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000379:methods; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical