title: vanA in Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus casseliflavus detected in French cattle.
abstract: The goal of this study was to assess the presence of enterococci species presenting van-mediated glycopeptide resistance in French cattle. Fecal samples were collected from healthy and sick animals, and enterococci were screened for vancomycin resistance. Vancomycin resistance was principally encountered in Enterococcus gallinarum and Enterococcus casseliflavus strains. However, glycopeptide resistance was detected in three different species of enterococci (E. faecalis, E. faecium, and E. casseliflavus). Molecular characterization of the genetic support proved that they all presented the prototypic VanA element. Interestingly, the E. casseliflavus strain displayed a remarkable VanB phenotype/vanA-vanC genotype. Transferability, associated resistances, and factors of vanA cotransfer were sought. This study proved that acquired vanA genes can still be detected in food-producing animals more than a decade after the avoparcin ban. Indeed, calves, which are recurrently exposed to antibiotics in France, may allow the re-emergence of glycopeptide resistance through coselection factors, and this might potentially be concerning for human health.
authors.affiliation: Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA), Unité Bactériologie Bovine et Hygiène des Viandes, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haenni
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saras
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Châtre
authors.forename: Danièle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meunier
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lepage
authors.forename: Marie-Françoise
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ménard
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebreton
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rambaud
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Madec
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019729:Carbon-Oxygen Ligases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle / Q000382:microbiology*; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D005838:Genotype; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010453:Peptide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C071437:VanA ligase, Bacteria; C079913:VanB protein, Enterococcus; D019729:Carbon-Oxygen Ligases; D010453:Peptide Synthases; C108395:VanC protein, Enterococcus