title: An observation study of rapid sequence, awake and sedation-only intubations in an emergency department in Thai patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI) in emergency departments (EDs) is recognized as a cornerstone of emergency airway management in developed countries. In Thailand, emergency medicine is a new specialty and RSI is a novel method for patients in EDs. The observation of RSI and two former methods in EDs were carried out to assess whether RSI was more successful and had lower immediate complication in Thai patients or not.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors performed a retrospective study. The emergency airway management records were reviewed and analyzed for the primary outcome. The primary outcome included the overall success rate, the success rate within 1 attempt, the success rate within 2 attempts, and the overall immediate complication rates for orotracheal intubations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-eight patients were included in the present study. The overall success rate, the success rate within 1 attempt and the success rate within 2 attempts of the RSI group were statistically significantly higher and the overall immediate complication rate of RSI group was statistically significantly lower than awake and sedation-only intubation groups. No incidence of severe arrhythmia, cricothyroidotomy, and cardiac arrest during the intubation were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RSI in EDs was more successful in selected patients compared to the two former methods in emergency airway management in Thai patients. The clinical outcome especially that resulted from the complication needs further study.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Department, Ramathibodi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Satariya_tra@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Satariya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trakulsrichai
authors.forename: Petchara
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sundarathiti
authors.forename: Phanorn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chalermdamrichai
authors.forename: Isares
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Palasatien
authors.forename: Sasivimol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rattanasiri
authors.forename: Porntip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chatchaipun
authors.forename: Sant
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hathirat
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005045:Etomidate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013390:Succinylcholine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013785:Thailand; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; D013390:Succinylcholine; D005283:Fentanyl; D005045:Etomidate