title: Myo-inositol oxygenase genes are involved in the development of syncytia induced by Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots.
abstract: * In plants, UDP-glucuronic acid is synthesized by the oxidation of UDP-glucose by UDP-glucose dehydrogenase or the oxygenation of free myo-inositol by myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX). In Arabidopsis, myo-inositol oxygenase is encoded by four genes. Transcriptome analysis of syncytia induced by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots revealed that MIOX genes are among the most strongly upregulated genes. * We have used beta-glucuronidase (GUS) analysis, in situ reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and real-time RT-PCR to study the expression of all four MIOX genes in syncytia induced by H. schachtii in Arabidopsis roots. All these methods showed that MIOX genes are strongly induced in syncytia. GeneChip data were analysed for the expression of genes related to the MIOX pathway (mapman). * Two complementary double mutants were used to study the importance of MIOX genes. Results of the infection assay with double mutants in two combinations (Deltamiox1+2, Deltamiox4+5) showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the number of females per plant when compared with the wild-type. Furthermore, syncytia in double mutants were significantly smaller than in wild-type plants. * Our data demonstrate an important role of the MIOX genes for syncytium development and for the development of female nematodes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Shahid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siddique
authors.affiliation: University of Salzburg, Plant Physiology, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endres
authors.affiliation: Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: Jamie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Szakasits
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wieczorek
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blaukopf
authors.affiliation: Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Urwin
authors.affiliation: University of Salzburg, Plant Physiology, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria.
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tenhaken
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Florian M W
authors.initials: FMW
authors.lastname: Grundler
authors.affiliation: Chair of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Kreil
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bohlmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017343:Genes, Plant; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D005966:Glucuronidase; D050562:Inositol Oxygenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D009348:Nematoda; D018517:Plant Roots; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D050562:Inositol Oxygenase; D005966:Glucuronidase
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