title: Psychometric properties of the Norwegian Impact of Event Scale-revised in a non-clinical sample.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the widespread use of the Impact of Event Scale to measure post-traumatic stress symptoms, psychometric evaluations of the scale have revealed mixed findings.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study is to provide new empirical evidence and examine the factor structure, reliability, and predictive validity of the Norwegian version of the IES-R.
  
  
  METHODS
  Posttraumatic stress symptoms were recorded in a student sample (n=312) 3 weeks after the Southeast Asian tsunami disaster in December 2004. Confirmatory factor analyses of the IES-R behavior items using structural equation modeling (SEM) were performed on four models from existing research.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The original three-factor model of intrusion, avoidance and hyperarousal symptoms exhibited the best goodness-of-fit indices when defined as oblique. The IES-R also revealed satisfactory reliability. Symptom levels of intrusion and avoidance were moderate, while hyperarousal scores were low, with a significant gender difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, the IES-R revealed good psychometric properties in this nonclinical student sample and could be a useful instrument to assess and follow-up on PTSD symptoms after a certain identified trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Norway. jarle.eid@psysp.uib.no
authors.forename: Jarle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eid
authors.forename: Gerry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Bjørn Helge
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Johnsen
authors.forename: Jon Christian
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Laberg
authors.forename: Paul T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Bartone
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carlstedt
mesh_terms: D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D057192:Tsunamis; D055815:Young Adult