title: Postnatal age influences hypoglycemia-induced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 activation in the brain regions of rats.
abstract: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) overactivation plays a significant role in hypoglycemia-induced brain injury in adult rats. To determine the influence of postnatal age on PARP-1 activation, developing and adult male rats were subjected to acute hypoglycemia of equivalent severity and duration. The expression of PARP-1 and its downstream effectors, apoptosis-inducing factor (Aifm1), caspase 3 (Casp3), NF-kappaB (Nfkb1) and bcl-2 (Bcl2), and cellular poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer expression were assessed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and hypothalamus at 0 h and 24 h posthypoglycemia. Compared with the control group, PARP-1 expression increased in the cerebral cortex of adult rats 24 h posthypoglycemia, but not at 0 h, and it was accompanied by increased number of PAR-positive cells. The expression was not altered in other brain regions. Aifm1, Nfkb1, Casp3, and Bcl2 expressions also increased in the cerebral cortex of adult rats 24 h posthypoglycemia. Conversely, hypoglycemia did not alter PARP-1 expression and its downstream effectors in any brain region in developing rats. These data parallel the previously demonstrated pattern of hypoglycemia-induced brain injury and suggest that PARP-1 overactivation may determine age- and region-specific vulnerability during hypoglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Center for Neurobehavioral Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Raghavendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Dustin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sperr
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ennis
authors.forename: Phu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tran
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D017931:DNA Primers; D016328:NF-kappa B; C499322:Parp1 protein, rat; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D053148:Caspase 3
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