The Indiana faces in places test: preliminary findings on a new visuospatial memory test in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
Memory assessment is an important component of a neuropsychological evaluation, but far fewer visual than verbal memory instruments are available. We examined the preliminary psychometric properties and clinical utility of a novel, motor-free paper and pencil visuospatial memory test, the Indiana faces in places test (IFIPT). The IFIPT and general neuropsychological performance were assessed in 36 adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 113 older adults with no cognitive impairment at baseline, 1 week, and 1 year. The IFIPT is a visual memory test with 10 faces paired with spatial locations (three learning trials and non-cued delayed recall). Results showed that MCI participants scored lower than controls on several variables, most notably total learning (p < .001 at all three time points), delayed recall (baseline p = .03, 1 week p < .001, 1 year p < .001), and false-positive errors (range p = .03 to <0.001). The IFIPT showed similar test-retest reliability at 1-week and 1-year follow-up to other neuropsychological tests (r = 0.71-0.84 for MCI and 0.53-0.72 for controls). Diagnostic accuracy was modest for this sample (areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve between 0.64 and 0.66). Preliminary psychometric analyses support further study of the IFIPT. The measure showed evidence of clinical utility by demonstrating group differences between this sample of healthy adults and those with MCI.
Beglinger
Leigh J
LJ
Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242-1000, USA. leigh-beglinger@uiowa.edu
Duff
Kevin
K
Moser
David J
DJ
Cross
Stephen A
SA
Kareken
David A
DA
D000368:Aged; D000647:Amnesia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
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