Biomaterial design strategies for the treatment of spinal cord injuries.
The highly debilitating nature of spinal cord injuries has provided much inspiration for the design of novel biomaterials that can stimulate cellular regeneration and functional recovery. Many experts agree that the greatest hope for treatment of spinal cord injuries will involve a combinatorial approach that integrates biomaterial scaffolds, cell transplantation, and molecule delivery. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review of biomaterial-scaffold design strategies currently being applied to the development of nerve guidance channels and hydrogels that more effectively stimulate spinal cord tissue regeneration. To enhance the regenerative capacity of these two scaffold types, researchers are focusing on optimizing the mechanical properties, cell-adhesivity, biodegradability, electrical activity, and topography of synthetic and natural materials, and are developing mechanisms to use these scaffolds to deliver cells and biomolecules. Developing scaffolds that address several of these key design parameters will lead to more successful therapies for the regeneration of spinal cord tissue.
Straley
Karin S
KS
Chemical Engineering Department, Stanford University, Stanford, California 4305-4045, USA.
Foo
Cheryl Wong Po
CW
Heilshorn
Sarah C
SC
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D015195:Drug Design; D020439:Growth Cones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000639:trends*; D016378:Tissue Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends
D001672:Biocompatible Materials
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