title: Sevoflurane preconditioning reverses impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation induced by myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to test whether a transient myocardial ischaemia can induce impairment of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and whether sevoflurane preconditioning can provide robust protective effects on this neurological impairment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were subjected to a transient coronary artery occlusion for 30 min. Sevoflurane preconditioning was performed by exposure to 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane for 1 h and washout for 30 min before myocardial ischaemia. Hippocampal LTP was evaluated during a 7-day observation period. The expressions of haem oxygenase-1 mRNA, tumour necrosis factor-alpha mRNA and interleukin-1beta mRNA in the hippocampus were analysed by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LTP was significantly inhibited 1 and 3 days after the transient myocardial ischaemia in the control group when compared with the animals subjected to a sham operation without coronary occlusion, and the LTP recovered to a normal magnitude 7 days later. Sevoflurane preconditioning remarkably reversed the transient inhibition of LTP observed at 1 and 3 days after myocardial ischaemia. Compared with the sham animals, the expressions of haem oxygenase-1 mRNA, tumour necrosis factor-alpha mRNA and interleukin-1beta mRNA in the hippocampus of the control rats were significantly increased during the early stage after myocardial ischaemia (1-3 days), and the increases of these cytokines were attenuated by sevoflurane pretreatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sevoflurane preconditioning induced neuroprotection against impairment of hippocampal LTP resulting from myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, P.R. China. shienyi2002@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Junchao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xiaojing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Enyi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Junke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial / Q000379:methods; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1