title: Risk factors of preterm delivery in HIV-infected pregnant women receiving zidovudine for the prevention of perinatal HIV.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several studies have shown that preterm delivery, a primary cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity, is more frequent in HIV-positive women. This study aimed to determine factors associated with prematurity in HIV-infected women and identify risks for which specific interventions could be targeted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were prospectively collected in a clinical trial assessing the efficacy of different zidovudine prophylaxis durations for the prevention of perinatal HIV transmission in Thailand. Characteristics associated with prematurity - delivery before 37 weeks--were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression and were subsequently used to identify subgroups of women at risk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 979 women, independent prematurity risk factors were: viral load <3.5 or >4.5 log copies/mL; hemoglobin > 11.5 g/dL; weight gain <0.25 kg/week; and body mass index <20 kg/m2. These factors allowed us to define four subgroups with an expected probability of prematurity increasing from 3% to 30%. The two subgroups with the highest expected probability of prematurity were considered to be 'at risk' as opposed to the two lowest (odds ratio = 2.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.7-4.0) and the sensitivity and specificity of the prediction were 51% and 71%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, four risk factors of preterm delivery were identified allowing the identification of subgroups at increasing risk of prematurity. Adequate nutrition and the provision of highly active antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy as recommended by the World Health Organization for the prevention of perinatal transmission for immunocompromised women in resource-constrained countries may reduce the risk of premature delivery.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Development, Research Unit 174/Program for HIV Prevention and Treatment, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. patrinee@gmail.com
authors.forename: Patrinee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Traisathit
authors.forename: Jean Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Mary
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Le Coeur
authors.forename: Sudanee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thantanarat
authors.forename: Sivaporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jungpichanvanich
authors.forename: Witaya
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pornkitprasarn
authors.forename: Vorapin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gomutbutra
authors.forename: Wanmanee
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Matanasarawut
authors.forename: Wiroj
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wannapira
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lallemant
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D019562:Viral Load; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015215:Zidovudine