Perinatal characteristics and outcome of VLBW infants at NICU of a developing country: an experience at eastern Nepal.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the perinatal chracteristics and mortality pattern as well as to correlate mortality with perinatal characteristics in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.


METHODS
This was a retrospective study. Chi square tests, Fisher Exact tests, Log rank tests and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for analysis of different parameters using SPSS 10.0 statistical software.


RESULTS
Among 125 VLBW infants, 76 survived. Survival improved with increasing birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA). Most deaths occurred within 5 days. Duration of hospital stay increased with decreasing BW among survivors. Perinatal risks of mortality included history of abortion, no use of antenatal steroid, GA <32 weeks and Apgar score <or=5 at 1 min. Maternal age <or=20 years, primigravida, twin pregnancy, hypertension, antepartum hemorrhage, prolonged leaking per vagina, chronic medical disease, home delivery, male baby, active resuscitation at birth, extremely low birth weight (ELBW), Apgar score <or=5 at 5 min, small for GA, cesarean delivery and breech presentation were not associated with mortality.


CONCLUSIONS
Survival improved with increasing BW and GA. The perinatal predictors of mortality were history of abortion, ELBW, no use of antenatal steroid, GA <32 weeks and low Apgar score at 1 min.
Poudel
Prakash
P
Department of Pediatrics, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. prakashpdl@hotmail.com
Budhathoki
Sunil
S
D000328:Adult; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D009390:Nepal / Q000453:epidemiology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011247:Pregnancy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult