title: Zyxin is involved in thrombin signaling via interaction with PAR-1 receptor.
abstract: Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1) mediates thrombin signaling in human endothelial cells. As a G-protein-coupled receptor, PAR-1 transmits thrombin signal through activation of the heterotrimeric G proteins, Gi, Gq, and G12/13. In this study, we demonstrated that zyxin, a LIM-domain-containing protein, is involved in thrombin-mediated actin cytoskeleton remodeling and serum response element (SRE)-dependent gene transcription. We determined that zyxin binds to the C-terminal domain of PAR-1, providing a possible mechanism of involvement of zyxin as a signal transducer in PAR-1 signaling. Data showing that disruption of PAR-1-zyxin interaction inhibited thrombin-induced stress fiber formation and SRE activation supports this hypothesis. Similarly, depletion of zyxin using siRNA inhibited thrombin-induced actin stress fiber formation and SRE-dependent gene transcription. In addition, depletion of zyxin resulted in delay of endothelial barrier restoration after thrombin treatment. Notably, down-regulation of zyxin did not affect thrombin-induced activation of RhoA or Gi, Gq, and G12/13 heterotrimeric G proteins, implicating a novel signaling pathway regulated by PAR-1 that is not mediated by G-proteins. The observation that zyxin targets VASP, a partner of zyxin in regulation of actin assembly and dynamics, to focal adhesions and along stress fibers on thrombin stimulation suggests that zyxin may participate in thrombin-induced cytoskeletal remodeling through recruitment of VASP. In summary, this study establishes a crucial role of zyxin in thrombin signaling in endothelial cells and provides evidence for a novel PAR-1 signaling pathway mediated by zyxin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology (MC 868), University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 S. Wolcott Ave., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Jingyan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Guoquan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jasmina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Profirovic
authors.forename: Jiaxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Tatyana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Voyno-Yasenetskaya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D060589:Zyxin; D000098662:Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1; C092842:ZYX protein, human; D060589:Zyxin; D000098662:Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein; D013917:Thrombin; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins
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