title: Safety and pharmacokinetics of panitumumab in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Panitumumab is a fully human, monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor. Previous studies in non-Japanese patients with solid tumors showed that panitumumab exhibited nonlinear pharmacokinetics, was well tolerated (skin toxicities were the most common treatment-related adverse events), and had antitumor activity in some patients. This open-label, phase 1 study investigated panitumumab safety and pharmacokinetics in Japanese patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors were enrolled into one of three sequential panitumumab dose cohorts (cohort 1, 2.5 mg/kg weekly; cohort 2, 6.0 mg/kg every 2 weeks; and cohort 3, 9.0 mg/kg every 3 weeks) and received panitumumab until disease progression or drug intolerability. Safety endpoints included the incidence of adverse events, changes in laboratory values, and the appearance of anti-panitumumab antibodies. Serial pharmacokinetic samples were collected after the first and third doses of panitumumab. Tumors were assessed at week 8 and every 8 weeks thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients (6 per cohort) were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicities, investigator-reported infusion reactions, or deaths occurred. Seven patients had grade-3/4 adverse events; fatigue and anorexia were most common. The most common skin toxicities were rash and acneiform dermatitis. No neutralizing anti-panitumumab antibodies were detected. Panitumumab exhibited nonlinear pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity was observed in 31% (4/13) of the patients with colorectal cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Japanese patients with solid tumors, panitumumab was well tolerated, demonstrated pharmacokinetic and safety profiles similar to those observed previously in non-Japanese patients, and exhibited encouraging antitumor activity in patients with colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal/Oncology Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan. todoi@bea.hi-ho.ne.jp
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohtsu
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tahara
authors.forename: Tomohide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirao
authors.forename: Yasuhide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: Bing-Bing
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohkura
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohtsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D044466:Asian People; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000378:metabolism; D000077544:Panitumumab; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000077544:Panitumumab; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors
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