title: Differential functional magnetic resonance imaging response to food pictures in successful weight-loss maintainers relative to normal-weight and obese controls.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prior research indicates that successful weight-loss maintainers (SWLs) work harder than people of normal weight to maintain their weight loss, including greater dietary restriction of fat and higher physical activity levels. However, little work to date has examined how SWLs differ biologically from normal-weight (NW) and obese controls.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to compare the brain responses of SWLs to food pictures with those of NW and obese controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood oxygen level-dependent responses to high- and low-energy food pictures were measured in 18 NW controls, 16 obese controls, and 17 SWLs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group differences were identified in 4 regions, which indicated significant change in activation in response to the food pictures. SWLs showed greater activation in the left superior frontal region and right middle temporal region than did NW and obese controls-a pattern of results confirmed in exploratory voxel-wise analyses. Obese controls also showed greater activation in a bilateral precentral region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that SWLs show greater activation in frontal regions and primary and secondary visual cortices-a pattern consistent with greater inhibitory control in response to food cues and greater visual attention to the food cues. A greater engagement of inhibitory control regions in response to food cues as well as a greater monitoring of foods may promote control of food intake and successful weight-loss maintenance.
authors.affiliation: Miriam Hospital and Brown Medical School, Providence, RI 02903, USA. jeanne_mccaffery@brown.edu
authors.forename: Jeanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McCaffery
authors.forename: Andreana P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Haley
authors.forename: Lawrence H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Sweet
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phelan
authors.forename: Hollie A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Raynor
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Parigi
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Rena R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Wing
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values; D014796:Visual Perception; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
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