title: The normal electroretinogram in adult healthy Shih Tzu dogs using the HMsERG.
abstract: Electroretinography (ERG) is a reliable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of retinal disease. It measures electric potentials occurring in the retina in response to light stimulation. In this study, we examined the normal electroretinogram using the Handheld Multispecies ERG (HMsERG) in Shih Tzu dogs. ERG recordings were performed in twelve eyes of six healthy Shih Tzu dogs. Dogs were anesthetized with a combination of medetomidine and ketamine. Proparacaine eye drops were also applied as a topical anesthetic. Tropicamide eye drops were applied for mydriasis. After 20 min of dark adaptation, we recorded the amplitudes and implicit times of the b-waves of the rod, standard rod and cone (Std R&C), high-intensity rod and cone (Hi-int R&C), and cone systems, and responses of the cones and inner retina by flicker light stimulation (cone flicker). Results showed that mean the amplitudes of a-waves of Std R&C, Hi-int R&C, and the cone responses were 141.25 microV 173.00 microV and 12.92 microV respectively. The b-waves of the rod responses ranged from 141.58 to 155.25 microV the Std R&C was 314.75 microV the Hi-int R&C was 329.42 microV the cones were 37.75 microV and the flicker responses were 64.08 microV The b/a ratios for the Std R&C, Hi-int R&C, and the cone response were 2.29, 1.94, and 3.71, respectively. Mean implicit time of the a-wave of the Std R&C was 15.12 ms, of Hi-int R&C was 13.42 ms, and of the cone response was 7.22 ms. The b-wave of the rod responses ranged from 68.12 to 72.68 ms, of Std R&C were 37.28 ms, of Hi-int R&C were 41.90, of the cone responses were 38.12 ms, and of the cone flicker responses were 22.80 ms. We believe that these parameters can be used as reference "normal" ERGs ranges for Shih Tzu dogs using the HMsERG under medetomidine and ketamine anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
authors.forename: June-sub
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyung-hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ha-young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Bora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Joon Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soon-wuk
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary; D013997:Time Factors
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