EPR detection of hydroxyl radical generation and its interaction with antioxidant system in Carassius auratus exposed to pentachlorophenol.
In the present study, direct evidence of hydroxyl radical production in livers of Carassius auratus exposed to pentachlorophenol (PCP) was provided using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) with spin-trapping. A dose-effect relationship was obtained between hydroxyl radical intensities and PCP exposure. It was observed that hydroxyl radical was significantly induced by 0.001 mg l(-1) (below the criteria for Chinese fishery water quality) of PCP exposure. A strong positive correlation (r=0.9581, p<0.001) was observed between PCP liver concentrations and hydroxyl radical intensities within 7d of PCP exposure, which suggests that hydroxyl radical are mainly produced from PCP itself. However, no correlation was observed between PCP liver concentrations and hydroxyl radical intensities after 7d, and a higher intensity of hydroxyl radical could still be observed when the PCP liver concentrations decreased to a lower level, which suggests that other mechanisms may possibly contribute to hydroxyl radical production after 7d. The glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio decreased below that of the control level during the entire period of PCP exposure (0.05 mg l(-1)), which suggested oxidative stress occurred.
Luo
Yi
Y
Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria Nankai University, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Wang
Xiao-rong
XR
Ji
Liang-liang
LL
Su
Yan
Y
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005399:Fishes; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006054:Goldfish / Q000378:metabolism*; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000032:analysis*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010416:Pentachlorophenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
D000975:Antioxidants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D010416:Pentachlorophenol; D005978:Glutathione