title: Impact of CCR1 silencing on the assembly of lignified secondary walls in Arabidopsis thaliana.
abstract: A cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 knockout mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated for the consequences of lignin synthesis perturbation on the assembly of the cell walls. The mutant displayed a dwarf phenotype and a strong collapse of its xylem vessels corresponding to lower lignin content and a loss of lignin units of the noncondensed type. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the transformation considerably impaired the capacity of interfascicular fibers and vascular bundles to complete the assembly of cellulose microfibrils in the S(2) layer, the S(1) layer remaining unaltered. Such disorder in cellulose was correlated with X-ray diffraction showing altered organization. Semi-quantitative immunolabeling of lignins showed that the patterns of distribution were differentially affected in interfascicular fibers and vascular bundles, pointing to the importance of noncondensed lignin structures for the assembly of a coherent secondary wall. The use of laser capture microdissection combined with the microanalysis of lignins and polysaccharides allowed these polymers to be characterized into specific cell types. Wild-type A. thaliana displayed a two-fold higher syringyl to guaiacyl ratio in interfascicular fibers compared with vascular bundles, whereas this difference was less marked in the cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 knockout mutant.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), UPR 5301, Associée à l'Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ruel
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), UPR 5301, Associée à l'Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berrio-Sierra
authors.affiliation: Biologie Cellulaire, IJPB, INRA, 78026 Versailles cedex, France.
authors.forename: Mohammad Mir
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Derikvand
authors.affiliation: UMR 206 Chimie Biologique AgroParisTech-INRA, AgroParisTech Centre de Grignon, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pollet
authors.affiliation: Biologie Cellulaire, IJPB, INRA, 78026 Versailles cedex, France.
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thévenin
authors.affiliation: UMR 206 Chimie Biologique AgroParisTech-INRA, AgroParisTech Centre de Grignon, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lapierre
authors.affiliation: Biologie Cellulaire, IJPB, INRA, 78026 Versailles cedex, France.
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jouanin
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), UPR 5301, Associée à l'Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), Grenoble, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Joseleau
mesh_terms: D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D020868:Gene Silencing; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D042282:Microdissection; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D014994:Xylose / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D008031:Lignin; D014994:Xylose; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C019904:cinnamoyl CoA reductase; D005947:Glucose
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