title: Basic science and clinical aspects of achilles tendinopathy.
abstract: Achilles tendinopathy is one of the common disorders seen in athletes. It is a degenerative rather than an inflammatory, condition. There is a lifetime risk of 52% in former elite male distance runners. This condition is difficult to manage and up to 29% of Achilles tendinopathy patients may require surgery. It often results in chronic pain and discomfort along with failure to regain full function. It can be complicated by partial tears or complete rupture causing long-term burden on healthcare system and making treatment quite difficult.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Wales, Heath Park Cardiff, UK. msaqibzafar@aol.com
authors.forename: Mohammad Saqib
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Zafar
authors.forename: Ansar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maffulli
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D035843:Biomedical Research; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018409:Foot Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D008667:Metalloproteins; D012307:Risk Factors; D012420:Running / Q000293:injuries*; D012421:Rupture; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008667:Metalloproteins