title: Patient doses in CT examinations in 18 countries: initial results from International Atomic Energy Agency projects.
abstract: The purpose of this prospective study at 73 facilities in 18 countries in Africa, Asia and Eastern Europe was to investigate if the CT doses to adult patients in developing countries are higher than international standards. The dose assessment was performed in terms of weighted computed tomography dose index (CTDIw) and dose length product (DLP) for chest, chest (high resolution), lumbar spine, abdomen and pelvis CT examinations using standard methods. Except in one case, the mean CTDIw values were below diagnostic reference level (DRL) while for DLP, 17 % of situations were above DRLs. The resulting CT images were of adequate quality for diagnosis. The CTDIw and DLP data presented herein are largely similar to those from two recent national surveys. The study has shown a stronger need to create awareness and training of radiology personnel as well as monitoring of radiation doses in many developing countries so as to conform to the ALARA principle.
authors.affiliation: Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, PO Box 743, Arusha, Tanzania.
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Muhogora
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beganovic
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benider
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ciraj-Bjelac
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gershan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gershkevitsh
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grupetta
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kharita
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Manatrakul
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milakovic
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ben Omrane
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ptacek
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schandorf
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shabaan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stoyanov
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Toutaoui
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wambani
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rehani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003906:Developing Countries; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009678:Nuclear Energy; D010388:Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D011874:Radiometry / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed