title: Transcript profiling provides evidence of functional divergence and expression networks among ribosomal protein gene paralogs in Brassica napus.
abstract: The plant ribosome is composed of 80 distinct ribosomal (r)-proteins. In Arabidopsis thaliana, each r-protein is encoded by two or more highly similar paralogous genes, although only one copy of each r-protein is incorporated into the ribosome. Brassica napus is especially suited to the comparative study of r-protein gene paralogs due to its documented history of genome duplication as well as the recent availability of large EST data sets. We have identified 996 putative r-protein genes spanning 79 distinct r-proteins in B. napus using EST data from 16 tissue collections. A total of 23,408 tissue-specific r-protein ESTs are associated with this gene set. Comparative analysis of the transcript levels for these unigenes reveals that a large fraction of r-protein genes are differentially expressed and that the number of paralogs expressed for each r-protein varies extensively with tissue type in B. napus. In addition, in many cases the paralogous genes for a specific r-protein are not transcribed in concert and have highly contrasting expression patterns among tissues. Thus, each tissue examined has a novel r-protein transcript population. Furthermore, hierarchical clustering reveals that particular paralogs for nonhomologous r-protein genes cluster together, suggesting that r-protein paralog combinations are associated with specific tissues in B. napus and, thus, may contribute to tissue differentiation and/or specialization. Altogether, the data suggest that duplicated r-protein genes undergo functional divergence into highly specialized paralogs and coexpression networks and that, similar to recent reports for yeast, these are likely actively involved in differentiation, development, and/or tissue-specific processes.
authors.affiliation: Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 0W9.
authors.forename: Carrie A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Whittle
authors.forename: Joan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Krochko
mesh_terms: D029688:Brassica napus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D020440:Gene Duplication; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012269:Ribosomal Proteins
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