title: Characterization of illuminated manuscripts  by laboratory-made portable XRD and micro-XRD systems.
abstract: Illuminated Arabic manuscripts have been studied, employing two laboratory-made X-ray diffraction (XRD) systems developed recently in the C2RMF laboratory. The validity of the micro-XRD and XRD portable systems for the study of this type of artworks has been demonstrated. A common observation in all the analyses is the presence of calcite and rutile; also, hematite, goethite, cinnabar, brass, anatase and barite were detected in the various colours. Differences between the results obtained by both techniques due to acquisition mode are discussed. In addition, other techniques such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and micro-Raman were used for the complete characterization of the manuscripts.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche et de Restauration des Musées de France, CNRS-C2RMF UMR 171, 14 quai François Mitterrand, Palais du Louvre, 75001 Paris, France. adrian.duran@culture.gouv.fr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Perez-Rodriguez
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Espejo
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Franquelo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castaing
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Walter