title: Distinct and overlapping functional zones in the cerebellum defined by resting state functional connectivity.
abstract: The cerebellum processes information from functionally diverse regions of the cerebral cortex. Cerebellar input and output nuclei have connections with prefrontal, parietal, and sensory cortex as well as motor and premotor cortex. However, the topography of the connections between the cerebellar and cerebral cortices remains largely unmapped, as it is relatively unamenable to anatomical methods. We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to define subregions within the cerebellar cortex based on their functional connectivity with the cerebral cortex. We mapped resting-state functional connectivity voxel-wise across the cerebellar cortex, for cerebral-cortical masks covering prefrontal, motor, somatosensory, posterior parietal, visual, and auditory cortices. We found that the cerebellum can be divided into at least 2 zones: 1) a primary sensorimotor zone (Lobules V, VI, and VIII), which contains overlapping functional connectivity maps for domain-specific motor, somatosensory, visual, and auditory cortices; and 2) a supramodal zone (Lobules VIIa, Crus I, and II), which contains overlapping functional connectivity maps for prefrontal and posterior-parietal cortex. The cortical connectivity of the supramodal zone was driven by regions of frontal and parietal cortex which are not directly involved in sensory or motor processing, including dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the frontal pole, and the inferior parietal lobule.
authors.affiliation: FMRIB Centre, Department of Clinical Neurology, University of Oxford, OX1 9DU Oxford, UK. joreilly@fmrib.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jill X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: O'Reilly
authors.forename: Christian F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Beckmann
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tomassini
authors.forename: Narender
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ramnani
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Johansen-Berg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen
references.citation: Prog Brain Res. 1997;114:463-96
references.pmid: 9193161
references.citation: Exp Brain Res. 1975 Jul 11;23(1):91-102
references.pmid: 1149851
references.citation: Exp Brain Res. 1968;6(3):216-33
references.pmid: 5712701
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2005 Jul;15(7):913-20
references.pmid: 15459083
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2000 Nov 15;103(1):63-71
references.pmid: 11074096
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2002 Apr;15(4):927-35
references.pmid: 11906233
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 1993 Nov 1;337(1):94-112
references.pmid: 8276995
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2009 Jan 7;29(1):169-78
references.pmid: 19129395
references.citation: Int Rev Neurobiol. 1997;41:61-82
references.pmid: 9378611
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1997 Dec 15;17(24):9675-85
references.pmid: 9391022
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002 Dec;978:289-301
references.pmid: 12582061
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2003 Mar;18(3):670-4
references.pmid: 12667844
references.citation: J Physiol. 1983 Apr;337:257-85
references.pmid: 6875930
references.citation: Neurology. 2005 Jul 12;65(1):150-2
references.pmid: 16009906
references.citation: J Cogn Neurosci. 2001 Aug 15;13(6):829-43
references.pmid: 11564326
references.citation: Neuroimage. 1997 Jan;5(1):41-8
references.pmid: 9038283
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 1985 May 15;235(3):343-59
references.pmid: 3998215
references.citation: J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004 Summer;16(3):367-78
references.pmid: 15377747
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 1996;4(3):174-98
references.pmid: 20408197
references.citation: Brain Res. 1973 Jun 29;56:335-9
references.pmid: 4715626
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2001 Jun;13(2):55-73
references.pmid: 11346886
references.citation: IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2001 Jan;20(1):45-57
references.pmid: 11293691
references.citation: Neural Netw. 1996 Nov;9(8):1265-1279
references.pmid: 12662535
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2003 Aug;19(4):1835-42
references.pmid: 12948738
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2007 Oct 9;17(19):R824-7
references.pmid: 17925205
references.citation: Brain. 1998 Apr;121 ( Pt 4):561-79
references.pmid: 9577385
references.citation: Brain. 2006 Feb;129(Pt 2):290-2
references.pmid: 16434422
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2003 Sep 10;23(23):8432-44
references.pmid: 12968006
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2008 Jul 1;6(7):e159
references.pmid: 18597554
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2001 Jan 15;21(2):700-12
references.pmid: 11160449
references.citation: Med Image Anal. 2001 Jun;5(2):143-56
references.pmid: 11516708
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2003 Mar;18(3):208-14
references.pmid: 12599279
references.citation: Brain. 2006 Feb;129(Pt 2):306-20
references.pmid: 16317024
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2008 Oct;100(4):1740-8
references.pmid: 18701759
references.citation: Science. 1996 Apr 26;272(5261):545-7
references.pmid: 8614803
references.citation: Neuroimage. 1998 May;7(4 Pt 1):368-76
references.pmid: 9626676
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 1996;4(2):140-51
references.pmid: 20408193
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Jan 15;44(2):489-501
references.pmid: 18835452
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 2003 Jan;89(1):634-9
references.pmid: 12522208
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2005 May 4;25(18):4593-604
references.pmid: 15872107
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 12;103(37):13848-53
references.pmid: 16945915
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2000 Mar;3(3):292-7
references.pmid: 10700263
references.citation: Brain. 1978 Jun;101(2):251-83
references.pmid: 96910
references.citation: Neuroimage. 1999 Oct;10(4):448-59
references.pmid: 10493902
references.citation: Magn Reson Med. 1995 Oct;34(4):537-41
references.pmid: 8524021
references.citation: Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006 Jul;7(7):511-22
references.pmid: 16791141
references.citation: Brain. 1950;73(3):368-91
references.pmid: 14812052
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2005 May 29;360(1457):1001-13
references.pmid: 16087444
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2006 Jun;16(6):811-8
references.pmid: 16120793
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2004;23 Suppl 1:S208-19
references.pmid: 15501092
references.citation: Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2006 Apr;16(2):205-12
references.pmid: 16563735
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 1994 Nov 1;349(1):51-72
references.pmid: 7852626
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 1952 Jan;15(1):27-40
references.pmid: 14908622
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1997 Jan 1;17(1):438-58
references.pmid: 8987769
references.citation: Brain. 2008 Jan;131(Pt 1):50-9
references.pmid: 17928317
references.citation: Exp Brain Res. 1979 Jul 2;36(2):359-74
references.pmid: 488205
references.citation: J Cogn Neurosci. 2009 Jul;21(7):1396-405
references.pmid: 18823250
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 1999 Mar;11(3):1011-36
references.pmid: 10103094
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 1991 Jun 8;308(2):224-48
references.pmid: 1716269
references.citation: Neuroimage. 1999 Sep;10(3 Pt 1):233-60
references.pmid: 10458940
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 1994 Dec;72(6):2617-30
references.pmid: 7897479
references.citation: Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 Apr;9(4):304-13
references.pmid: 18319727
references.citation: Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007 Sep;8(9):700-11
references.pmid: 17704812
references.citation: Neuroreport. 2001 Aug 8;12(11):2483-6
references.pmid: 11496134
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2005 May 1;25(4):1325-35
references.pmid: 15850749
references.citation: Exp Brain Res. 1974;20(3):239-54
references.pmid: 4372078
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 1992 Dec 8;326(2):159-79
references.pmid: 1479073
references.citation: Neuropsychologia. 1996 Jun;34(6):475-83
references.pmid: 8736560
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2007 Apr;25(8):2374-82
references.pmid: 17445235