title: Mitochondrial development and the influence of its dysfunction during rat adipocyte differentiation.
abstract: Mitochondrial biogenesis is inherent to adipocyte differentiation. Mitochondrial dysfunction leads to abnormal lipid accumulation or the deterioration of the differentiation process. The aim of this study is to investigate the mitochondrial development during the differentiation of rat primary adipocytes and the effect of mitochondrial dysfunction on this process. We found, for the first time, that the number of mitochondria markedly increased during adipocyte differentiation by transmission electron microscopy. By immunofluorescence staining that the protein content of Cyt c increased in differentiated adipocyte in comparison with preadipocyte. The mRNA expression levels of mitochondrial gene including cytochromes c (Cyt c), malate dehydrogenases (MDH), and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator-1beta (PGC-1beta) significantly increased along with the proceeding of adipocyte differentiation. The damage to mitochondrial respiratory chain function by rotenone caused significant decrease in gene expressions including mitochondrial MDH and PGC-1beta, and PPARgamma, CAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) and sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), which are known as transcription factors of differentiation, and differentiation marker gene named fatty acid synthetase. Moreover, an apparent decrease was found in the synthesis of triglyceride and ATP due to the damage to mitochondria by rotenone. Based on the above results, our present study revealed that the density and oxidative capacity of mitochondrial markedly increased during primary adipocyte differentiation, and on the other hand, we suggested that mitochondria dysfunction might inhibit the differentiation process.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, 712100 Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
authors.forename: Rong-hua
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Zhi-guang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Shang-shun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Gong-she
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; D047495:PPAR gamma; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; C501429:Ppargc1a protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
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