title: Onset and spread of dyskinesias and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: We retrospectively investigated in consecutive Parkinson's disease (PD) outpatients the relationship between the body region in which LID first appeared and the body region where Parkinsonian motor symptoms started. We also studied the spread of LID and motor symptoms to other body parts during the progression of PD. Of the 307 PD patients investigated, 99 with LID were enrolled in the study. In these 99 patients, LID started unilaterally in the limbs in 44, bilaterally in the limbs in 26, and in craniocervical region in 29, whereas motor symptoms invariably started in the limbs. LID and motor symptoms started in the same body region in less than half of the patients studied. Of the 99 patients studied, 69 had LID spread to at least another body region during the course of their disease. In this group, clinical examination yielded a significantly different distribution of LID and motor symptoms. These findings suggest that the onset and spread of LID and motor symptoms may follow different anatomical patterns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Sciences and Neuromed Institute, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fabbrini
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Defazio
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colosimo
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suppa
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bloise
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berardelli
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009048:Motor Skills; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D007980:Levodopa