title: Generation, annotation, and analysis of ESTs from midgut tissue of adult female Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malaria is a tropical disease caused by protozoan parasite, Plasmodium, which is transmitted to humans by various species of female anopheline mosquitoes. Anopheles stephensi is one such major malaria vector in urban parts of the Indian subcontinent. Unlike Anopheles gambiae, an African malaria vector, transcriptome of A. stephensi midgut tissue is less explored. We have therefore carried out generation, annotation, and analysis of expressed sequence tags from sugar-fed and Plasmodium yoelii infected blood-fed (post 24 h) adult female A. stephensi midgut tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We obtained 7061 and 8306 ESTs from the sugar-fed and P. yoelii infected mosquito midgut tissue libraries, respectively. ESTs from the combined dataset formed 1319 contigs and 2627 singlets, totaling to 3946 unique transcripts. Putative functions were assigned to 1615 (40.9%) transcripts using BLASTX against UniProtKB database. Amongst unannotated transcripts, we identified 1513 putative novel transcripts and 818 potential untranslated regions (UTRs). Statistical comparison of annotated and unannotated ESTs from the two libraries identified 119 differentially regulated genes. Out of 3946 unique transcripts, only 1387 transcripts were mapped on the A. gambiae genome. These also included 189 novel transcripts, which were mapped to the unannotated regions of the genome. The EST data is available as ESTDB at http://mycompdb.bioinfo-portal.cdac.in/cgi-bin/est/index.cgi.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3946 unique transcripts were successfully identified from the adult female A. stephensi midgut tissue. These data can be used for microarray development for better understanding of vector-parasite relationship and to study differences or similarities with other malaria vectors. Mapping of putative novel transcripts from A. stephensi on the A. gambiae genome proved fruitful in identification and annotation of several genes. Failure of some novel transcripts to map on the A. gambiae genome indicates existence of substantial genomic dissimilarities between these two potent malaria vectors.
authors.affiliation: Lab 3, National Center for Cell Science, Pune - 411007, India. deepakpatilp@gmail.com
authors.forename: Deepak P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Santosh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atanur
authors.forename: Dhiraj P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Dhotre
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Anantharam
authors.forename: Vineet S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: Sandeep A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Walujkar
authors.forename: Rakesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Chandode
authors.forename: Girish J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Pankaj S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Ghate
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastav
authors.forename: Kannayakanahalli M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Dayananda
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Bhakti
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bhagwat
authors.forename: Rajendra R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Devendra T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Mourya
authors.forename: Milind S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Patole
authors.forename: Yogesh S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Shouche
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000235:genetics* / Q000469:parasitology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D019295:Computational Biology; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015723:Gene Library; D017344:Genes, Insect; D049750:Genome, Insect; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010967:Plasmodium yoelii; D016053:RNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D016053:RNA, Protozoan
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