θ burst and conventional low-frequency rTMS differentially affect GABAergic neurotransmission in the rat cortex.
Modified cortical excitability following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may be related to short- or long-term synaptic plasticity of neuronal excitation but could also affect cortical inhibition. Therefore, in the rat we tested how three different rTMS protocols, intermittent and continuous theta-burst (iTBS, cTBS), and low-frequency 1 Hz stimulation, change the expression of GAD65, GAD67 and GAT-1 which are expressed in cortical inhibitory interneurons in an activity-dependent manner. Acutely (2 h), all protocols reduced the expression of GAD67 in frontal, motor, somatosensory and visual cortex but increased that of GAD65 and GAT-1 to different degree, with iTBS having the strongest acute effect. The initial decrease in GAD67 reversed after 1 day, leading to a strong increase in GAD67 expression for up to 7 days primarily in the frontal cortex in case of iTBS, cTBS and in all studied areas following 1 Hz rTMS. While also GAD65 and GAT-1 expression reversed after 1 day in case of iTBS and cTBS, 1 Hz rTMS induced a steady increase in GAD65 and GAT-1 expression during the 7 days investigated. Our data demonstrate that rTMS affects the expression of activity-dependent proteins of the cortical inhibitory interneurons. Besides common effects of low- (1 Hz) and high-frequency (TBS) stimulation on protein expression, differences in quantity and time course of changes point to differences in the contribution of possible neuronal subsystems. Further studies are needed to distinguish cell-type specific effects.
Trippe
Jörn
J
Department of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
Mix
Annika
A
Aydin-Abidin
Selcen
S
Funke
Klaus
K
Benali
Alia
A
D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D013826:Theta Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology*
D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
Br J Anaesth. 1993 Jul;71(1):96-107
8102066
Exp Brain Res. 2008 Jun;188(2):249-61
18385988
Dev Biol. 1992 Sep;153(1):158-64
1516745
Eur J Neurosci. 2004 Aug;20(3):709-18
15255981
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2004 Oct;5(10):793-807
15378039
J Neurochem. 2006 Apr;97(2):385-96
16539672
Cereb Cortex. 2004 Oct;14(10):1122-33
15115742
NMR Biomed. 2003 Oct-Nov;16(6-7):339-57
14679499
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2007 Sep;8(9):687-99
17704811
J Physiol. 2008 Aug 15;586(16):3871-9
18566003
J Physiol. 2005 Jun 15;565(Pt 3):945-50
15845575
Nature. 2000 Mar 9;404(6774):183-6
10724170
Cereb Cortex. 2009 Jun;19(6):1345-59
18842664
Exp Brain Res. 2009 Mar;193(4):555-63
19048237
Neurochem Res. 2008 Aug;33(8):1459-65
18270816
Epilepsy Res Suppl. 1992;8:31-8
1384541
Anesth Analg. 2002 Feb;94(2):313-8, table of contents
11812690
Cereb Cortex. 1994 Jan-Feb;4(1):40-51
8180490
Brain Res Bull. 2006 Mar 15;69(1):86-94
16464689
Nat Neurosci. 2001 Mar;4(3):289-96
11224546
Exp Brain Res. 2003 Jan;148(1):1-16
12478392
J Neurosci Methods. 2003 May 30;125(1-2):33-43
12763228
PLoS One. 2008 Apr 16;3(4):e2004
18414674
Biochemistry. 2004 May 25;43(20):6182-9
15147202
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005 Nov;6(11):877-88
16261181
Can Vet J. 2003 Nov;44(11):885-97
14664351
Prog Neurobiol. 1992 Aug;39(2):209-28
1323860
Neurology. 2007 Feb 13;68(7):484-8
17296913
Learn Mem. 2008 Mar 05;15(3):163-71
18323571
Clin Neurophysiol. 2001 Nov;112(11):2138-45
11682353
Nat Neurosci. 2006 May;9(5):660-8
16633343
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Mar 18;94(6):2671-5
9122254
Brain Res. 2001 Nov 30;920(1-2):159-69
11716822
Neuron. 2005 Jan 20;45(2):201-6
15664172
EMBO J. 2001 Nov 1;20(21):5887-97
11689429
J Neurosci. 1997 Mar 15;17(6):2168-80
9045741
Clin Chem. 1955 Oct;1(5):329-44
13270398
Pol J Pharmacol. 2001 Nov-Dec;53(6):685-7
11985347
Brain Res. 1997 Dec 19;778(2):281-92
9459545
J Physiol. 1973 Jul;232(2):331-56
4727084
J Neurosci. 1994 Mar;14(3 Pt 2):1834-55
8126575
J Neurophysiol. 2009 Jun;101(6):2872-7
19339458
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005 Apr;6(4):312-24
15803162
J Neurosci. 2008 Nov 19;28(47):12284-93
19020022
J Neurophysiol. 2009 May;101(5):2679-92
19244358
Neuroreport. 1996 Jan 31;7(2):521-5
8730820
Br J Pharmacol. 1981 Jul;73(3):681-9
6265017