title: Optical isomer separation of flavanones and flavanone glycosides by nano-liquid chromatography using a phenyl-carbamate-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin chiral stationary phase.
abstract: In this paper a phenyl-carbamate-propyl-beta-cyclodextrin stationary phase was employed for the enantioseparation of several flavonoids, including flavanones and methoxyflavanones by using nano-liquid chromatography (nano-LC). The same stationary phase was also used for the diastereoisomeric separation of two flavanone glycosides. The compounds: flavanone, 2'-hydroxyflavanone, 4'-hydroxyflavanone, 6-hydroxyflavanone, 7-hydroxyflavanone, 4'-methoxyflavanone, 6-methoxyflavanone, 7-methoxyflavanone, hesperetin, hesperidin, naringenin and naringin were studied using reversed, polar organic and normal elution modes. The effect of the nature and composition of the mobile phase (organic modifier type, buffer and water content in the reversed phase mode) on the enantioresolution (R(s)), retention factor (k) and enantioselectivity (alpha) were investigated. Baseline resolution of all studied flavonoids, with the exception of 2'-hydroxyflavanone and naringin, was achieved in reversed phase mode using a mixture of MeOH/H(2)O at different ratios as mobile phase. Good results, in terms of peak efficiency and short analysis time, were obtained adding 1% triethylammonium acetate pH 4.5 buffer to MeOH/H(2)O mixture. The separation of the studied compounds was also performed in polar organic mode. By using 100% of MeOH as mobile phase, the resolution was achieved for the studied analytes, except for 7-hydroxyflavanone, 2'-hydroxyflavanone, naringenin, hesperidin and naringin. Normal mode was tested employing a mixture of EtOH/hexane/TFA as mobile phase achieving the enantiomeric and diastereomeric separation of only hesperetin and hesperidin, respectively. The use of nano-LC technique for the resolution of flavanones optical isomers allowed to achieve good resolutions in shorter analysis time compared to the results reported in literature with conventional HPLC.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Methodologies, Italian National Council of Research, Area della Ricerca di Roma, Via Salaria Km 29, 300-00015 Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Kahina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Si-Ahmed
authors.forename: Fairouz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tazerouti
authors.forename: Ahmed Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Badjah-Hadj-Ahmed
authors.forename: Zeineb
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Aturki
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Orazio
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rocco
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fanali
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D048448:Phenylcarbamates / Q000737:chemistry*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003505:Cyclodextrins; D044950:Flavanones; D006027:Glycosides; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D014867:Water; D000432:Methanol