title: Testing for spatially divergent selection: comparing QST to FST.
abstract: Q(ST) is a standardized measure of the genetic differentiation of a quantitative trait among populations. The distribution of Q(ST)'s for neutral traits can be predicted from the F(ST) for neutral marker loci. To test for the neutral differentiation of a quantitative trait among populations, it is necessary to ask whether the Q(ST) of that trait is in the tail of the probability distribution of neutral traits. This neutral distribution can be estimated using the Lewontin-Krakauer distribution and the F(ST) from a relatively small number of marker loci. We develop a simulation method to test whether the Q(ST) of a given trait is consistent with the null hypothesis of selective neutrality over space. The method is most powerful with small mean F(ST), strong selection, and a large number (>10) of measured populations. The power and type I error rate of the new method are far superior to the traditional method of comparing Q(ST) and F(ST).
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada. whitlock@zoology.ubc.ca
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Whitlock
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guillaume
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics*; D019655:Quantitative Trait, Heritable; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012641:Selection, Genetic
references.citation: Genetics. 2006 Feb;172(2):1337-47
references.pmid: 16322514
references.citation: Bioinformatics. 2006 Oct 15;22(20):2556-7
references.pmid: 16882649
references.citation: Genetics. 1983 Dec;105(4):985-1002
references.pmid: 17246186
references.citation: Mol Ecol. 2008 Apr;17(8):1885-96
references.pmid: 18363667
references.citation: Genetics. 1993 May;134(1):369-75
references.pmid: 8514144
references.citation: Genetics. 2005 Nov;171(3):1331-9
references.pmid: 16085700
references.citation: Genet Res. 1999 Dec;74(3):215-21
references.pmid: 10689799
references.citation: Genetics. 2007 May;176(1):725-7
references.pmid: 17339213
references.citation: J Evol Biol. 2008 Jan;21(1):1-17
references.pmid: 18028355
references.citation: Genetics. 2007 Jun;176(2):1371-4
references.pmid: 17339207
references.citation: Genetics. 2003 Aug;164(4):1627-33
references.pmid: 12930766
references.citation: Evolution. 1999 Feb;53(1):100-110
references.pmid: 28565177
references.citation: Evolution. 1984 Nov;38(6):1358-1370
references.pmid: 28563791
references.citation: Genetics. 1973 May;74(1):175-95
references.pmid: 4711903
references.citation: Genetics. 1993 Oct;135(2):367-74
references.pmid: 8244001