title: Rotary drum composting of vegetable waste and tree leaves.
abstract: High rate composting studies on institutional waste, i.e. vegetable wastes, tree leaves, etc., were conducted on a demonstration-scale (3.5 m(3)) rotary drum composter by evaluating changes in some physico-chemical and biological parameters. During composting, higher temperature (60-70 degrees C) at inlet zone and (50-60 degrees C) at middle zone were achieved which resulted in high degradation in the drum. As a result, all parameters including TOC, C/N ratio, CO(2) evolution and coliforms were decreased significantly within few days of composting. Within a week period, quality compost with total nitrogen (2.6%) and final total phosphorus (6 g/kg) was achieved; but relatively higher final values of fecal coliforms and CO(2) evolution, suggested further maturation. Thus, two conventional composting methods namely windrow (M1) and vermicomposting (M2) tried for maturation of primary stabilized compost. By examining these methods, it was suggested that M2 was found suitable in delivering fine grained, better quality matured compost within 20 days of maturation period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
authors.forename: Ajay S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kalamdhad
authors.forename: Yatish K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Muntjeer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Meena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khwairakpam
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kazmi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism*; D012987:Soil; D013696:Temperature; D014197:Trees / Q000378:metabolism*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000378:metabolism*; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014866:Waste Products; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010758:Phosphorus; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen