title: Effectiveness of cytopenia prophylaxis for different filgrastim and pegfilgrastim schedules in a chemotherapy mouse model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) is widely used to treat neutropenia during cytotoxic chemotherapy. The optimal scheduling of rhG-CSF is unknown and can hardly be tested in clinical studies due to numerous therapy parameters affecting outcome (chemotherapeutic regimen, rhG-CSF schedules, individual covariables). Motivated by biomathematical model simulations, we aim to investigate different rhG-CSF schedules in a preclinical chemotherapy mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The time course of hematotoxicity was studied in CD-1 mice after cyclophosphamide (CP) administration. Filgrastim was applied concomitantly in a 2 x 3-factorial design of two dosing options (2 x 20 mug and 4 x 10 mug) and three timing options (directly, one, and two days after CP). Alternatively, a single dose of 40 mug pegfilgrastim was applied at the three timing options. The resulting cytopenia was compared among the schedules.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dosing and timing had a significant influence on the effectiveness of filgrastim schedules whereas for pegfilgrastim the timing effect was irrelevant. The best filgrastim and pegfilgrastim schedules exhibited equivalent toxicity. Monocytes dynamics performed analogously to granulocytes. All schedules showed roughly the same lymphotoxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that effectiveness of filgrastim application depends heavily on its scheduling during chemotherapy. There is an optimum of timing. Dose splitting is better than concentrated applications. Effectiveness of pegfilgrastim is less dependent on timing.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Haertelstrasse 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany. markus.scholz@imise.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ackermann
authors.forename: Frank
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authors.lastname: Emmrich
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loeffler
authors.forename: Manja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamprad
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