title: Neurobehavioral impairment in children occupationally exposed to mixed organic solvents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our previous work has demonstrated adverse effects on neuropsychological and neurobehavioral function in solvent-exposed working children compared to non-exposed working and school children. The aim of this paper was to examine the dose-response relationships between neurobehavioral function and solvent exposure in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested 120 male children aged 10-17 years (100 working solvent-exposed, 10 working children, 10 school children). Neurotoxic effects were assessed through a questionnaire and a selection of neurobehavioral tests. Workplace exposure to a mixture of solvents was measured using personal passive samplers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with higher solvent exposure showed significantly higher reporting of neurotoxic symptoms (P=0.02). Importantly, multiple regression models revealed significant dose-response relationships, with higher cumulative exposure associated with poorer performance on the Choice Reaction Time, Symbol Digit, Continuous Performance, Digit Span and Grooved Pegboard tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides the first empirical evidence of a dose-response association between exposure to solvents and neurobehavioral performance in working children. This finding implies that solvent-exposed working children are at high risk of developing neurobehavioral impairments. These impairments are likely to interfere with their capacity to respond quickly and safely to new demands and to learn new information.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research, Evidence Management and Surveillance - Population Health, Sydney South West Area Health Service, Australia. basema.saddik@sswahs.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Basema
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saddik
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nuwayhid
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects; D001526:Behavioral Symptoms / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012997:Solvents / Q000633:toxicity*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents