A novel approach to pathogen reduction in platelet concentrates using short-wave ultraviolet light.
BACKGROUND
Transfusion of platelet concentrates (PCs) is the basic treatment for severe platelet disorders. PCs carry the risk of pathogen transmission, especially bacteria. Pathogen reduction (PR) by addition of photochemical reagents and irradiation with visible or ultraviolet (UV) light can significantly reduce this risk. We present a novel approach for PR in PCs employing UVC light alone.


METHODS
UVC PR was evaluated by bacteria and virus infectivity assays. PC quality was investigated by measuring pH, lactate, glucose, hypotonic shock response, platelet aggregation, CD62P expression, and annexin V binding as in vitro parameters. The impact of UVC PR on the platelet proteome was assessed by differential in-gel electrophoresis and compared with changes caused by UVB and gamma-irradiation, respectively.


RESULTS
Vigorous agitation of loosely placed PCs generated thin fluid layers that allow penetration of UVC light for inactivation of the six bacteria and six of the seven virus species tested. HIV-1 was only moderately inactivated. UVC light at the dose used (0.4 J/cm(2)) had a minor impact on in vitro parameters and on storage stability of treated PCs. Proteome analysis revealed a common set of 92 (out of 793) protein spots being affected by all three types of irradiation. Specific alterations were most pronounced for gamma-irradiation (45 spots), followed by UVB (11 spots) and UVC (2 spots).


CONCLUSIONS
UVC irradiation is a potential new method for pathogen reduction in PCs. The data obtained until now justify further development of this process.
Mohr
Harald
H
Blood Center of the German Red Cross Chapters of NSTOB, Institute Springe, Springe, Germany. hamohr@t-online.de
Steil
Leif
L
Gravemann
Ute
U
Thiele
Thomas
T
Hammer
Elke
E
Greinacher
Andreas
A
Müller
Thomas H
TH
Völker
Uwe
U
D016470:Bacteremia / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D010983:Plateletpheresis; D020543:Proteome; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014766:Viremia / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014780:Viruses / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects
D020543:Proteome