title: Interactions of socioeconomic position with psychosocial and environmental correlates of children's physical activity: an observational study of South Australian families.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence for psychosocial and environmental correlates on children's physical activity is scattered and somewhat unconvincing. Further, the moderating influences of socioeconomic position (SEP) on these influences are largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to examine the interactions of SEP, operationalised by mother education, and predictors of children's physical activity based on the Youth Physical Activity Promotion Model.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2005, a sample of South Australians (10-15 y) was surveyed on psychosocial and environmental correlates of physical activity using the Children's Physical Activity Correlates Questionnaire (n = 3300) and a parent survey (n = 1720). The following constructs were derived: 'is it worth it?' (perceived outcomes); 'am I able?' (perceived competency); 'reinforcing' (parental support); and 'enabling' (parent-perceived barriers). Self-reported physical activity was represented by a global score derived from the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Associations among physical activity and hypothesised correlates were tested among children with mothers of high (university educated) and low (left school at or before 15 y) SEP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among high SEP children, 'is it worth it?' emerged as a significant predictor of physical activity for boys and girls. Among low SEP children, 'is it worth it?' predicted boys' physical activity, while among girls, 'reinforcing' was the only significant predictor, explaining ~35% of the total explained variance in physical activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While perceived outcomes emerged as a consistent predictor of physical activity in this sample, parental support was a powerful limiting factor among low SEP girls. Interventions among this high risk group should focus on supporting parents to provide both emotional and instrumental support for their daughters to engage in physical activity.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia. nicole.lewis@unisa.edu.au.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dollman
authors.forename: Nicole R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Lewis
references.citation: Qual Health Res. 2006 Apr;16(4):467-83
references.pmid: 16513991
references.citation: Am J Health Behav. 2004 Sep-Oct;28(5):426-36
references.pmid: 15482972
references.citation: Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2006;15 Suppl:15-20
references.pmid: 16928657
references.citation: Public Health Nutr. 2006 Apr;9(2):244-50
references.pmid: 16571179
references.citation: Sports Med. 2001;31(6):439-54
references.pmid: 11394563
references.citation: Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2003 Oct;13(5):293-8
references.pmid: 14507294
references.citation: J Clin Epidemiol. 1996 Feb;49(2):125-34
references.pmid: 8606313
references.citation: Chest. 2007 Nov;132(5):1608-14
references.pmid: 17998360
references.citation: Res Q Exerc Sport. 2005 Jun;76(2):119-29
references.pmid: 16128480
references.citation: J Adolesc Health. 2004 Apr;34(4):279-89
references.pmid: 15040997
references.citation: Res Q Exerc Sport. 1997 Dec;68(4):345-51
references.pmid: 9421846
references.citation: J Sci Med Sport. 2004 Apr;7(1 Suppl):6-19
references.pmid: 15214597
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 May;32(5):963-75
references.pmid: 10795788
references.citation: Prev Med. 1994 May;23(3):314-21
references.pmid: 8078852
references.citation: Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1997 Oct;29(10):1344-9
references.pmid: 9346166
references.citation: Am J Public Health. 1997 Aug;87(8):1328-34
references.pmid: 9279269
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2002 Sep 5;347(10):709-15
references.pmid: 12213941
references.citation: Am J Health Promot. 1997 Sep-Oct;12(1):38-48
references.pmid: 10170434
references.citation: Soc Sci Med. 1998 Sep;47(5):665-75
references.pmid: 9690849
references.citation: Prev Med. 2006 Apr;42(4):254-60
references.pmid: 16490241
references.citation: Prev Med. 2007 May;44(5):410-5
references.pmid: 17335890
references.citation: Contemp Clin Trials. 2008 Jan;29(1):21-31
references.pmid: 17716952
references.citation: Obes Rev. 2007 Mar;8(2):129-54
references.pmid: 17300279
references.citation: J Sch Health. 1995 Aug;65(6):213-9
references.pmid: 7564283
references.citation: Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008 Feb;16(2):275-84
references.pmid: 18239633
references.citation: Prev Med. 2007 Feb;44(2):153-9
references.pmid: 17157371
references.citation: Am J Prev Med. 2002 May;22(4 Suppl):73-107
references.pmid: 11985936
references.citation: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003 Aug;157(8):803-10
references.pmid: 12912787
references.citation: Int J Obes (Lond). 2007 Jan;31(1):45-52
references.pmid: 17173061
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2000 Jun;105(6):E83
references.pmid: 10835096
references.citation: Prev Med. 2003 Jan;36(1):55-63
references.pmid: 12473425
references.citation: Aust N Z J Public Health. 2005 Aug;29(4):337-42
references.pmid: 16222931