title: Noncardiac pathology on clinical cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine the prevalence of noncardiac pathology in a large consecutive series of patients referred for clinical cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) studies.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The imaging field for many CMR sequences extends outside of the heart border. As a result, noncardiac pathology may be identified. These noncardiac findings have clinical significance because they often lead to subsequent imaging/testing and intervention. The prevalence of noncardiac findings on clinical CMR studies has not been well described.
  
  
  METHODS
  The reports of all 1,534 (62% male, age 50 +/- 15 years) clinical CMR studies performed at an academic medical center during calendar years 2002 to 2006 were reviewed. All studies had been interpreted by both a staff cardiologist (level III trained in CMR) and a board-certified radiologist (with fellowship training in CMR). For each study, sex, age, indication for CMR study, and reported noncardiac pathology were extracted. Follow-up for each major noncardiac pathology was evaluated by reviewing the patient's medical center electronic medical record. These noncardiac pathologies were then categorized as significant if an intervention or change in the patient's management ensued.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 116 (7.6%) studies had at least one noncardiac finding. These findings included 55 major findings (e.g., lymphadenopathy, lung abnormalities, mediastinal masses) in 48 distinct reports (prevalence of 3.1%) and 74 minor findings (e.g., small pleural effusions, liver cysts, renal cysts) in 70 distinct reports (prevalence of 4.6%). The majority (62%) of major findings were previously known, with only 8 findings in 6 (0.4%) of 1,534 reports ultimately deemed to be new and clinically important/significant. The age of those with noncardiac pathology was greater (54 +/- 16 years vs. 49 +/- 16 years, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this large series of consecutive clinical CMR studies interpreted by both staff cardiologists and radiologists, noncardiac pathology is uncommonly reported. When reported, the majority of major findings are previously known. New major findings were detected in <0.5% of reports.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. pchan@post.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Martin P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Susan B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Yeon
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Appelbaum
authors.forename: Neil M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Rofsky
authors.forename: Warren J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Manning
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA