title: ArfB links protein lipidation and endocytosis to polarized growth of Aspergillus nidulans.
abstract: Aspergillus nidulans undergoes polarized hyphal growth during the majority of its life cycle. Regulatory mechanisms for hyphal polarity have been intensively investigated in a variety of filamentous fungi. Two important cellular processes, which have received recent attention, include protein myristoylation and endocytosis. It is clear that protein myristoylation is essential for polarity establishment because germinating A. nidulans conidia lost polarity in the presence of cerulenin, a lipid metabolism inhibitor and in an N-myristoyl transferase mutant background. Only 41 predicted proteins encoded by A. nidulans posses an N-myristoylation motif, one of which is ADP ribosylation factor B (ArfB). Disruption of ArfB leads to failure of polarity establishment and maintenance during early morphogenesis and in a delay in endocytosis. Therefore, ArfB connects N-myristoylation and endocytosis to polarized growth. Exocytotic vesicle trafficking through the Spitzenkörper may also require Arf proteins in their role in vesicle formation. Taken together, ArfB is one of the important key components for the fungal hyphal growth.
authors.affiliation: Program for the Biology of Filamentous Fungi; Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology; Texas A&M University; College Station; Texas USA.
authors.forename: Soo Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Shaw
references.citation: Trends Cell Biol. 1997 Jan;7(1):14-20
references.pmid: 17708893
references.citation: Cell. 2007 Apr 20;129(2):411-22
references.pmid: 17448998
references.citation: Int Rev Cytol. 2006;251:41-77
references.pmid: 16939777
references.citation: Mol Biol Cell. 2008 Apr;19(4):1439-49
references.pmid: 18216285
references.citation: J Bacteriol. 1970 Nov;104(2):989-1009
references.pmid: 4099103
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Dec;10(12):6690-9
references.pmid: 2123295
references.citation: Eukaryot Cell. 2008 Aug;7(8):1278-88
references.pmid: 18539885
references.citation: Mol Biol Cell. 1996 Dec;7(12):1909-19
references.pmid: 8970154
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2008 Jun;283(2):216-22
references.pmid: 18430001
references.citation: Cell. 2003 Nov 14;115(4):475-87
references.pmid: 14622601
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 2008 May;68(3):690-705
references.pmid: 18331474
references.citation: J Microsc. 2000 Jun;198(Pt 3):246-59
references.pmid: 10849201
references.citation: Mol Biol Cell. 2008 Jan;19(1):339-51
references.pmid: 18003978
references.citation: Fungal Genet Biol. 2005 Dec;42(12):963-75
references.pmid: 16291501
references.citation: Science. 1995 Apr 14;268(5208):221-5
references.pmid: 7716512
references.citation: Eukaryot Cell. 2005 Feb;4(2):225-9
references.pmid: 15701784
references.citation: Eukaryot Cell. 2002 Apr;1(2):241-8
references.pmid: 12455958
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 2007 Feb;63(4):1039-53
references.pmid: 17238925