title: Reduced Fas ligand-expressing splenic CD5+ B lymphocytes in severe collagen-induced arthritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective was to study immune regulation in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis that exhibits considerable heterogeneity of disease activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  T-cell receptor transgenic mice, in which nearly all CD4+ T cells recognize a single peptide of type II collagen, were immunized with collagen and observed for development of arthritis for 4 weeks. At 28 days post-immunization, splenocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry and in vitro assays for markers of immune activation and regulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Disease severities ranging from 0 to 12 (on a 12-point scale) were observed. Among splenic lymphocyte populations, only the CD5+ B-cell subset displayed a decrease in relative numbers as arthritis severity increased. Splenic CD5+ B cells expressed higher levels of Fas ligand (FasL) than did CD4+ T cells or CD5- B cells in all mice, and antigen-dependent T-cell death correlated with higher levels of CD5+ B cells in cocultures. Ratios of interleukin (IL)-17 to interferon-gamma production were higher in antigen-driven cultures of splenocytes from severely arthritic mice compared to mildly or nonarthritic mice. A correlation was established between the reduced production of IL-17 in antigen-driven T-cell/B-cell cocultures and FasL, but not IL-10. Confirmation of the direct killing effect of B cells on T cells was demonstrated using an antigen-specific T hybridoma cell line.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduced numbers of splenic FasL+ CD5+ B cells correlated with increasing arthritis severity and decreased T-cell death in a T-cell receptor transgenic mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis. These 'killer' B cells may provide a novel mechanism for inducing T-cell death as a treatment for arthritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA. sklundy@umich.edu
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lundy
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Fox
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018956:CD5 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018956:CD5 Antigens; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D020381:Interleukin-17; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma
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