title: Stroke Hormones and Outcomes in Women (SHOW) study: is the 'healthy-user effect' valid for women after stroke?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine differences in stroke severity and outcomes in women using hormone therapy (HT) versus nonusers at baseline, and to investigate whether there is a 'healthy-user effect' of HT in women with stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 133 women over the age of 18 years with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled and categorized based on their use of HT at the time of stroke. Initial stroke severity was assessed at admission, and disability and activities of daily living were assessed at 6-month intervals for 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 30% of the cohort were HT users. HT users were less likely to have hypertension and were leaner than nonusers. There were no differences in initial stroke severity, mortality or any of the functional status outcomes based on HT use at baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There did appear to be a healthy-user effect for HT users at baseline, but following stroke, there were no significant differences in long-term outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Women's Health Center of Excellence in Leadership, Research & Education, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. cbushnel@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bushnell
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome