Impact of CCR1 silencing on the assembly of lignified secondary walls in Arabidopsis thaliana.
A cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 knockout mutant in Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated for the consequences of lignin synthesis perturbation on the assembly of the cell walls. The mutant displayed a dwarf phenotype and a strong collapse of its xylem vessels corresponding to lower lignin content and a loss of lignin units of the noncondensed type. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the transformation considerably impaired the capacity of interfascicular fibers and vascular bundles to complete the assembly of cellulose microfibrils in the S(2) layer, the S(1) layer remaining unaltered. Such disorder in cellulose was correlated with X-ray diffraction showing altered organization. Semi-quantitative immunolabeling of lignins showed that the patterns of distribution were differentially affected in interfascicular fibers and vascular bundles, pointing to the importance of noncondensed lignin structures for the assembly of a coherent secondary wall. The use of laser capture microdissection combined with the microanalysis of lignins and polysaccharides allowed these polymers to be characterized into specific cell types. Wild-type A. thaliana displayed a two-fold higher syringyl to guaiacyl ratio in interfascicular fibers compared with vascular bundles, whereas this difference was less marked in the cinnamoyl-CoA reductase 1 knockout mutant.
Ruel
Katia
K
Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), UPR 5301, Associée à l'Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), Grenoble, France.
Berrio-Sierra
Jimmy
J
Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), UPR 5301, Associée à l'Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), Grenoble, France.
Derikvand
Mohammad Mir
MM
Biologie Cellulaire, IJPB, INRA, 78026 Versailles cedex, France.
Pollet
Brigitte
B
UMR 206 Chimie Biologique AgroParisTech-INRA, AgroParisTech Centre de Grignon, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France.
Thévenin
Johanne
J
Biologie Cellulaire, IJPB, INRA, 78026 Versailles cedex, France.
Lapierre
Catherine
C
UMR 206 Chimie Biologique AgroParisTech-INRA, AgroParisTech Centre de Grignon, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France.
Jouanin
Lise
L
Biologie Cellulaire, IJPB, INRA, 78026 Versailles cedex, France.
Joseleau
Jean-Paul
JP
Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV-CNRS), UPR 5301, Associée à l'Université Joseph Fourier (UJF), Grenoble, France.
D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D020868:Gene Silencing; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D042282:Microdissection; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D014994:Xylose / Q000378:metabolism
D010936:Plant Extracts; D008031:Lignin; D014994:Xylose; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C019904:cinnamoyl CoA reductase; D005947:Glucose
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