title: Glycinergic projection neurons of the cerebellum.
abstract: The cerebellum funnels its entire output through a small number of presumed glutamatergic premotor projection neurons in the deep cerebellar nuclei and GABAergic neurons that feed back to the inferior olive. Here we use transgenic mice selectively expressing green fluorescent protein in glycinergic neurons to demonstrate that many premotor output neurons in the medial cerebellar (fastigial) nuclei are in fact glycinergic, not glutamatergic as previously thought. These neurons exhibit similar firing properties as neighboring glutamatergic neurons and receive direct input from both Purkinje cells and excitatory fibers. Glycinergic fastigial neurons make functional projections to vestibular and reticular neurons in the ipsilateral brainstem, whereas their glutamatergic counterparts project contralaterally. Together, these data suggest that the cerebellum can influence motor outputs via two distinct and complementary pathways.
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Martha W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Bagnall
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zingg
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakatos
authors.forename: Setareh H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Moghadam
authors.forename: Hanns Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Zeilhofer
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: du Lac
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000166:cytology; D048429:Cell Size; D002529:Cerebellar Nuclei / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D007839:Functional Laterality; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013569:Synapses / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005990:Glycerol
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