title: Cyclin A/cdk2 regulates adenomatous polyposis coli-dependent mitotic spindle anchoring.
abstract: Mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein is a major contributor to tumor initiation and progression in several tumor types. These mutations affect APC function in the Wnt-beta-catenin signaling and influence mitotic spindle anchoring to the cell cortex and orientation. Here we report that the mitotic anchoring and orientation function of APC is regulated by cyclin A/cdk2. Knockdown of cyclin A and inhibition of cdk2 resulted in cells arrested in mitosis with activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint. The mitotic spindle was unable to form stable attachments to the cell cortex, and this resulted in the spindles failing to locate to the central position in the cells and undergo dramatic rotation. We have demonstrated that cyclin A/cdk2 specifically associates with APC in late G2 phase and phosphorylates it at Ser-1360, located in the mutation cluster region of APC. Mutation of APC Ser-1360 to Ala results in identical off-centered mitotic spindles. Thus, this cyclin A/cdk2-dependent phosphorylation of APC affects astral microtubule attachment to the cortical surface in mitosis.
authors.affiliation: University of Queensland Diamantina Institute for Cancer Immunology and Metabolic Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beamish
authors.forename: Leonore
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Boer
authors.forename: Nichole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Giles
authors.forename: Frankie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Oakes
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gabrielli
mesh_terms: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019925:Cyclin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D008938:Mitosis; D009154:Mutation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D008941:Spindle Apparatus; D013997:Time Factors; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; D019925:Cyclin A; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C495894:CDK2 protein, human; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2
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