title: Bone marrow biopsy in non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a morphological study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bone marrow (BM) biopsy is an integral part of staging work-up for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the characteristics of BM involvement in NHL with respect to incidence, histologic pattern and morphology of infiltration and its discordance with the histology of primary anatomic site.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-nine cases of NHL in which BM biopsy was performed for staging were included in this study, the primary site being classified according to the WHO classification for NHL.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study of 49 cases was conducted. Bilateral BM biopsy was obtained from the posterior superior iliac spine. The biopsies were fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution and decalcified using 10% formal - formic acid for 4 - 6 h followed by routine processing. The serial sections were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and reticulin stains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BM biopsy showed involvement by lymphoma in 27 cases (55.10%). Unilateral positivity was found in four cases (14.81% cases). The overall incidence of marrow involvement by NHL was 55.1%. The incidence of involvement was higher in T-cell lymphomas when compared with B-cell lymphomas and predominant pattern of involvement was mixed. Diffuse large B-cell lymphomas had the lowest incidence in all the B-cell lymphomas. A discordant histology between BM and primary anatomic site was found in 29.63% (8/27) of the cases, where it was seen more in follicular lymphomas and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Critical examination of BM biopsies can increase the diagnostic accuracy, thereby contributing to the prognosis and appropriate treatment modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India. suneet302@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Suneet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Aarathi R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rau
authors.forename: Ramadas
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: Hema
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kini
authors.forename: Alka M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mathai
authors.forename: Muktha R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pai
authors.forename: Urmila N
authors.initials: UN
authors.lastname: Khadilkar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology*; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000150:complications*; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult