title: Mycoparasitism of endophytic fungi isolated from reed on soilborne phytopathogenic fungi and production of cell wall-degrading enzymes in vitro.
abstract: Antagonism of three endophytic fungi isolated from common reed (Phragmites australis) against eight soilborne pathogenic fungi was investigated on potato dextrose agar by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Inhibitory zones were not observed. The microscopical studies suggested that the endophytes inhibit growth of soilborne pathogens by means of coiling around hyphae and, after penetration, the degradation of hyphal cytoplasm. Since penetration of hyphae seems to play a major role in parasitism, we studied the production of cell wall degrading enzymes by the three endophytes. Choiromyces aboriginum produced higher activities of beta-1,3-glucanases compared to Stachybotrys elegans and Cylindrocarpon sp. For C. aboriginum and S. elegans, colloidal chitin was the best substrate for the induction of beta-1,3-glucanases and chitinases, respectively. This result suggests that mycoparasitism by endophytes on soilborne plant pathogens can be explained by their mycoparasitic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Ronghua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xiaoguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kexiang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mendgen
authors.forename: Zhensheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000898:Antibiosis; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism*; D044602:Cellulases / Q000378:metabolism; D002688:Chitinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005658:Fungi / Q000502:physiology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013191:Stachybotrys / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D044602:Cellulases; D002688:Chitinases
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