title: Prevalence, incidence and risk factors of chronic heart failure in the type 2 diabetic population: systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this review was to examine the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of chronic heart failure in the type 2 diabetic population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic search of studies related to chronic heart failure (CHF) in the diabetic population was performed using medical databases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1) The prevalence of CHF in the diabetic population was approximately 10-23% in the large previously studied cohort. This was about three times higher than in non-diabetic control groups. 2) The incidence of CHF in diabetes varied greatly. It was influenced by the time of follow-up, the mean age of patients, the state of metabolic control and the complications of diabetes. The incidence of CHF in patients with diabetes was approximately two-fold greater than in the non-diabetic population. 3) The main risk factors of CHF in the type 2 diabetic population were age, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), coronary heart disease, hypertension, microalbuminuria and obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence and incidence of CHF were found to be high in the diabetic population, and the risk factors of CHF were somewhat different from those in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, HuaShan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Linuo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Lixue
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Daikun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Renming
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D015994:Incidence; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human