title: HIV infection as a risk factor for cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Senegal.
abstract: Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide, and the leading cause in Africa. There is uncertainty in the role of HIV infection as a risk factor for invasive and preinvasive cervical lesions, particularly in African populations. In a case-control study in Dakar, Senegal, we studied 150 women with invasive cervical cancer (ICC), 92 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or 3, 70 with CIN 1, and 515 control women. We used logistic regression analysis to estimate associations between HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection and the risk of cervical neoplasia. We found large increases in the risk of ICC and CIN 2-3, but not of CIN 1, associated with the presence of either HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection (odds ratios of 6.5 and 10.4 for ICC and CIN 2-3). Our analysis thus shows increases in the risk of both advanced and early cervical pathology associated with HIV infection in an African population.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hawes
authors.forename: Papa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Touré
authors.forename: Ahmadou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dem
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Noel S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Nancy B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Kiviat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015497:HIV-1; D015498:HIV-2; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012675:Senegal / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*