title: Importing mitochondrial proteins: machineries and mechanisms.
abstract: Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes and must be imported across one or both mitochondrial membranes. There is an amazingly versatile set of machineries and mechanisms, and at least four different pathways, for the importing and sorting of mitochondrial precursor proteins. The translocases that catalyze these processes are highly dynamic machines driven by the membrane potential, ATP, or redox reactions, and they cooperate with molecular chaperones and assembly complexes to direct mitochondrial proteins to their correct destinations. Here, we discuss recent insights into the importing and sorting of mitochondrial proteins and their contributions to mitochondrial biogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chacinska
authors.forename: Carla M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: Dusanka
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milenkovic
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lithgow
authors.forename: Nikolaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pfanner
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D021381:Protein Transport
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate
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