Yin and yang of the plasminogen activator inhibitor.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type one (PAI-1) is involved in many biological processes, and depending on a disease its overexpression, deficiency or normal level can sometimes produce surprising outcomes. This paper reviews low, high, and normal levels of PAI-1 in relation to diseases, their incidents, and possible treatment. Also, a role of PAI-1 in cancer is discussed with attention to "PAI-1 paradox" and explanation of the possible therapeutic applications using this protein.
Jankun
Jerzy
J
Urology Research Center, Department of Urology, Health Science Campus, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States. jerzy.jankun@utoledo.edu
Skrzypczak-Jankun
Ewa
E
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1