title: Reevaluating the need for concern regarding noncoverage bias in landline surveys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We used recent data to reexamine whether the exclusion of adults from households with no telephone or only wireless phones may bias estimates derived from health-related telephone surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  We calculated the difference between estimates for the full population of adults and estimates for adults with landline phones; data were from the 2007 National Health Interview Survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When data from landline telephone surveys were weighted to match demographic characteristics of the full population, bias was generally less than 2 percentage points (range = 0.1-2.4). However, among young adults and low-income adults, we found greater bias (range = 1.7-5.9) for estimates of health insurance, smoking, binge drinking, influenza vaccination, and having a usual place for care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From 2004 to 2007, the potential for noncoverage bias increased. Bias can be reduced through weighting adjustments. Therefore, telephone surveys limited to landline households may still be appropriate for health surveys of all adults and for surveys of subpopulations regarding health status. However, for some behavioral risk factors and health care service use indicators, caution is warranted when using landline surveys to draw inferences about young or low-income adults.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 3311 Toledo Road, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA. sblumberg@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Blumberg
authors.forename: Julian V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Luke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015982:Bias; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D003710:Demography; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011634:Public Health; D013689:Telephone / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult
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