Genitourinary sarcoidosis.
Genitourinary involvement of sarcoidosis can mimic many common urologic conditions. Although sarcoidosis is a benign inflammatory condition, it can present much like malignant or infectious conditions; thus, failed diagnosis can lead to unnecessary medications or surgical procedures. In addition, management choices for patients with scrotal findings have important implications for future fertility. Thus, this uncommon condition should be on the differential diagnosis for any urologic patient. The authors report on a patient with a scrotal mass as his presenting symptom of sarcoidosis and review the diagnosis, implications, and management of sarcoidosis involving all potential sites in the urinary tract.
Rao
Pravin K
PK
Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH.
Sabanegh
Edmund S
ES
Sarcoidosis. 1989 Mar;6(1):31-43
2657921
Urol Int. 2001;67(1):100-1
11464130
Am J Clin Pathol. 1949 Aug;19(8):725-49
18135500
Urology. 1974 Jun;3(6):750-4
4836337
Can J Urol. 2006 Aug;13(4):3201-3
16952330
J Urol. 1981 Mar;125(3):341-2
7193746
Am J Med. 2006 Nov;119(11):e3
17071149
Urol Clin North Am. 2003 Feb;30(1):91-9
12580561
Urology. 1990 May;35(5):442-4
2186555
Cancer. 1998 Jul 15;83(2):337-43
9669817
Radiographics. 2004 Jan-Feb;24(1):87-104
14730039
Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2005;39(2):173-5
16019774
Intern Med. 2006;45(5):279-82
16595994
Int J Urol. 2004 May;11(5):345-8
15147556
N Engl J Med. 2007 Nov 22;357(21):2153-65
18032765
Ann Oncol. 1998 Mar;9(3):321-5
9602267
Urology. 2006 Jan;67(1):200
16413374
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2001 Sep;7(5):295-7
11584179
Fertil Steril. 1998 Oct;70(4):777-9
9797115
Acta Derm Venereol. 2002;82(3):216-7
12353719