title: Determination of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene (DIPN) and n-dibutylphthalate (DBP) in food and paper packaging materials from US marketplaces.
abstract: A gas chromatography-ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry procedure was developed for the determination of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene (DIPN) and n-dibutylphthalate (DBP) in domestic and imported paper packages and food sold in US marketplaces. The procedure involved ultrasonic extraction with dichloromethane, followed by analysis with the gas chromatography-ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. Calibration curves for DIPN and DBP were achieved with concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10 microg ml(-1) and the corresponding r(2) values were 0.9976 and 0.9956, respectively. In most of the fortified samples the recoveries were higher than 80% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) <10%. Using this procedure, it was found that less than 20% of the tested domestic packages and more than 60% of the tested imported food packages contained both DIPN and DBP. The concentrations of DIPN and DBP ranged from 0.09 to 20 mg kg(-1) and 0.14 to 55 mg kg(-1), respectively, with most of the DINP and DBP levels lower than 20 mg kg(-1). DIPN was not detected (<0.01 mg kg(-1)) in 41 food samples and DBP was only detected in two domestic and four imported food samples with concentrations ranging from <0.01 to 0.81 mg kg(-1).
authors.affiliation: US Food and Drug Administration, Centre for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), MD, USA. kai.zhang@fda.hhs.gov
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Noonan
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Begley
mesh_terms: D003132:Commerce; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate / Q000032:analysis*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D018857:Food Packaging; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000032:analysis*; D010209:Paper; D010968:Plasticizers / Q000032:analysis*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D009281:Naphthalenes; D010968:Plasticizers; C018520:2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene; D003993:Dibutyl Phthalate