title: Persistent fetal gamma-globin expression in adult transgenic mice following deletion of two silencer elements located 3' to the human Agamma-globin gene.
abstract: Natural deletions of the human gamma-globin gene cluster lead to specific syndromes characterized by increased production of fetal hemoglobin in adult life and provide a useful model to delineate novel cis-acting elements involved in the developmental control of hemoglobin switching. A hypothesis accounting for these phenotypic features assumes that silencers located within the Agamma-to delta-gene region are deleted in hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH) and deltabeta-thalassemias, leading to failure of switching. In the present study, we sought to clarify the in vivo role of two elements, termed Enh and F, located 3' to the Agamma-globin, in silencing the fetal genes. To this end, we generated three transgenic lines using cosmid constructs containing the full length of the globin locus control region (LCR) linked to the 3.3-kb Agamma-gene lacking both the Enh and F elements. The Enh/F deletion resulted in high levels of Agamma-globin gene expression in adult mice in all single copy lines, whereas, the LCR-Agamma single copy lines which retain the Enh and F elements exhibited complete normal switching of the fetal Agamma-gene. Our study documents directly for the first time the in vivo role of these two gene-proximal negative regulatory elements in silencing the fetal globin gene in the perinatal period, and thus these data may permit their eventual exploitation in therapeutic approaches for thalassemias.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biology, University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gazouli
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katsantoni
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosteas
authors.forename: Nicholas P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Anagnou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005326:Fetal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D037941:Silencer Elements, Transcriptional; D055545:gamma-Globins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005326:Fetal Proteins; D055545:gamma-Globins
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