title: Evaluation of daily intake of PCDD/Fs and indicator PCBs in formula-fed Spanish children.
abstract: Human exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) occurs predominantly via food intake. In this study, the exposure assessment of these contaminants has been estimated for infant formula-fed children up to 1 year of age. PCDD/F concentrations in the infant formulae was low, ranging between 0.09 and 0.17 pg WHO-TEQ g(-1) fat and between 0.30 and 0.46 pg WHO-TEQ g(-1) fat when results were calculated with the lower and medium bound values, respectively. Indicator PCB contamination levels were below 1 ng g(-1) fat in all cases. Thus, the estimated daily intake of PCDD/Fs and indicator PCBs for infants has been assessed taking into account the above-mentioned contamination levels as well as different scenarios of body weight and food consumption data for babies aged 0-12 months. The results vary in the different scenarios considered but, on the whole, the daily estimated dioxin and indicator PCBs intake of the average infant population due to the consumption of infant formulae does not exceed the tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 2 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) bw day(-1) recommended by the Scientific Committee on Food (available at http://ec.europa.eu/food/fs/sc/scf/out90_en.pdf) nor the threshold value of 10 ng kg(-1) bw day(-1) proposed by the Dutch National Institute of Health and Environment (RIVM) (Baars et al. 2001. Report no. 711701025, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands).
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Production and Food Science, Veterinary Faculty, University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain. sloran@unizar.es
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loran
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Conchello
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bayarri
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herrera
mesh_terms: D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000737:chemistry*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls