title: Basic nanostructure of stratum corneum lipid matrices based on ceramides [EOS] and [AP]: a neutron diffraction study.
abstract: The goal of this study was to investigate the nanostructure of SC lipid model membranes comprising the most relevant SC lipids such as the unique-structured omega-acylceramide [EOS] in a near natural ratio with neutron diffraction. In models proposed recently the presence of ceramide [EOS] and FFA are necessary for the formation of one of the two existent crystalline lamellar phases of the SC lipids, the long-periodicity phase as well as for the normal barrier function of the SC. The focus of this study was placed on the influence of the FFA BA on the membrane structure and its localization within the membrane based on the ceramides [EOS] and [AP]. The internal nanostructure of such membranes was obtained by Fourier synthesis from the experimental diffraction patterns. The resulting neutron scattering length density profiles showed that the exceptionally long ceramide [EOS] is arranged in a short-periodicity phase created by ceramide [AP] by spanning through the whole bilayer and extending even further into the adjacent bilayer. Specifically deuterated BA allowed us to determine the exact position of this FFA inside this SC lipid model membrane. Furthermore, hydration experiments showed that the presented SC mimic system shows an extremely small intermembrane hydration of approximately 1 A, consequently the headgroups of the neighboring leaflets are positioned close to each other.
authors.affiliation: Martin Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Halle (Saale), Germany. annett.ruettinger@pharmazie.uni-halle.de
authors.forename: Annett
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schröter
authors.forename: Doreen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kessner
authors.forename: Mikhail A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kiselev
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hauss
authors.forename: Silva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dante
authors.forename: Reinhard H H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Neubert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002518:Ceramides / Q000737:chemistry*; D004817:Epidermis; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D033363:Neutron Diffraction
chemical_list: D002518:Ceramides; D008055:Lipids; D008567:Membranes, Artificial
references.citation: Eur Biophys J. 2008 Jul;37(6):1051-7
references.pmid: 18214463
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1991 Oct;88(4):1338-45
references.pmid: 1918384
references.citation: Chem Phys Lipids. 1998 Feb;91(2):85-96
references.pmid: 9569614
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Feb 23;1190(1):115-22
references.pmid: 8110804
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Apr;120(4):581-8
references.pmid: 12648220
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 2004 May;45(5):923-32
references.pmid: 14967818
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2002 Dec 2;1556(2-3):149-54
references.pmid: 12460672
references.citation: J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2002 Nov 25;780(2):443-50
references.pmid: 12401372
references.citation: Pharmacol Ther. 1981;13(2):357-83
references.pmid: 6169098
references.citation: Nature. 1978 Jan 12;271(5641):182-4
references.pmid: 579650
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Nov 10;1469(3):159-95
references.pmid: 11063882
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1993 Aug;92(2):791-8
references.pmid: 8102380
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 1996 May;37(5):999-1011
references.pmid: 8725152
references.citation: Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2007;20(5):220-9
references.pmid: 17587886
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 1975 Nov;16(6):441-7
references.pmid: 1194787
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Dec 6;91(25):11854-8
references.pmid: 7991546
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1988 May 17;27(10):3725-32
references.pmid: 3408722
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Sep;117(3):710-7
references.pmid: 11564181
references.citation: Eur Biophys J. 2005 Nov;34(8):1030-40
references.pmid: 16032423
references.citation: Arch Dermatol Res. 1998 Sep;290(9):508-16
references.pmid: 9808345
references.citation: Biochemistry. 1996 Mar 26;35(12):3649-53
references.pmid: 8619983
references.citation: Eur Biophys J. 2008 Jul;37(6):989-99
references.pmid: 18427800
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 1976 Jan 25;100(3):359-78
references.pmid: 943549
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 2000 May;114(5):1030-8
references.pmid: 10771488
references.citation: Biophys J. 2002 Jan;82(1 Pt 1):285-98
references.pmid: 11751316
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 1995 Apr;36(4):685-95
references.pmid: 7542308
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 1978 Jun;70(6):336-41
references.pmid: 649981
references.citation: J Mol Biol. 1979 Oct 9;133(4):469-500
references.pmid: 537057
references.citation: Biophys J. 2003 Sep;85(3):1675-81
references.pmid: 12944282
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Oct 19;513(1):43-58
references.pmid: 718889
references.citation: Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(2):107-29
references.pmid: 12553851
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 1991 Dec;97(6):1005-12
references.pmid: 1748810
references.citation: Int J Pharm. 2004 Mar 1;271(1-2):251-6
references.pmid: 15129992
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 1998 Jan;39(1):186-96
references.pmid: 9469597
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Feb 4;1417(1):89-100
references.pmid: 10076038
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2006 Oct 17;45(41):12629-38
references.pmid: 17029417
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 2005 Apr;124(4):764-77
references.pmid: 15816835
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 Jul 15;1419(2):127-36
references.pmid: 10407065
references.citation: Eur Biophys J. 2008 Jul;37(6):759-71
references.pmid: 18210100
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 1999 Sep;113(3):403-9
references.pmid: 10469341
references.citation: Nature. 1977 May 19;267(5608):287-9
references.pmid: 865625
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 2005 Dec;46(12):2649-56
references.pmid: 16150830
references.citation: Biophys J. 2006 Apr 1;90(7):2368-82
references.pmid: 16399829
references.citation: J Lipid Res. 2001 Nov;42(11):1759-70
references.pmid: 11714845
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 1983 Jun;80 Suppl:44s-49s
references.pmid: 6189923
references.citation: Chem Phys Lipids. 2005 May;135(1):55-68
references.pmid: 15854625
references.citation: Biophys J. 1991 Jan;59(1):162-73
references.pmid: 2015381
references.citation: Biochemistry. 2003 Nov 25;42(46):13667-72
references.pmid: 14622013
references.citation: AAPS PharmSci. 2001;3(2):E13
references.pmid: 11741264
references.citation: Biophys J. 1992 Oct;63(4):1170-5
references.pmid: 1420933
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Apr;118(4):606-17
references.pmid: 11918706
references.citation: Chem Phys Lipids. 2003 Jul;124(2):123-34
references.pmid: 12818738
references.citation: Chem Phys Lipids. 2005 Jul;136(1):13-22
references.pmid: 15950211
references.citation: Arch Dermatol Res. 1997 Jan;289(2):78-82
references.pmid: 9049040
references.citation: Biophys J. 2006 Apr 1;90(7):2394-403
references.pmid: 16428286
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004 Aug 30;1664(2):132-40
references.pmid: 15328045
references.citation: Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh). 2000;208:23-30
references.pmid: 10884936
references.citation: Skin Pharmacol Physiol. 2008;21(2):58-74
references.pmid: 18187965