title: Otorrhea in infants with tympanostomy tubes before and after surgical repair of a cleft palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the incidence of otorrhea in a group of infants with cleft palate (CP) and tympanostomy tubes before and after surgical repair of the CP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Otolaryngology clinic at a tertiary care children's hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three infants with CP and middle ear effusions who underwent tympanostomy tube placement. Subjects were observed from the time of tube placement until 6 months after CP repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Incidence of otorrhea before and after CP repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects were observed a mean of 6.3 months before CP repair and 6 months after CP repair. Before CP repair, 11 of 33 infants (33%) had no episodes of otorrhea, compared with 22 of 33 (67%) after CP repair (P = .007). Fourteen infants (43%) had 2 or more episodes of otorrhea before CP repair compared with 2 (6%) after CP repair (P = .001). Before CP repair, significantly fewer tubes were patent at the time of the audiologic evaluation compared with after CP repair (39 of 62 [63%] vs 52 of 66 [79%]; P = .048). Average speech reception threshold for the infants with tympanostomy tubes before CP repair was 18.1 dB compared with 12.6 dB after CP repair (P = .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of otorrhea after tympanostomy tube placement before CP repair is higher than the incidence after CP repair, although more than half of all infants (19 [58%]) had either 1 or no episodes of otorrhea before CP repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford, 730 Welch Road, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. gcurtin@lpch.org
authors.forename: Ginny
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Curtin
authors.forename: Anna H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Messner
authors.forename: Kay W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001298:Audiology; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome