The memory screening outreach program: findings from a large community-based sample of middle-aged and older adults.
Few papers have been published concerning the efficacy of community-based memory and dementia screening programs. This article examines the descriptive, clinical, and outcome characteristics of participants attending the Memory Screening Outreach Program (MSOP). The program provided free screenings of participants' short-term memory processes, neurocognitive complaints, and depressive and psychiatric symptomatology. Screening results were subsequently forwarded to participants and their designated healthcare providers (HCPs), and approximately 8 weeks later, participants who received follow-up recommendations were mailed a survey assessing screening-related outcomes. One thousand community-based persons aged 44 to 91 participated in the program at 16 screening sites. Results indicated that 44.3% of the MSOP participants received follow-up recommendations secondary to age-inappropriate memory impairments, depressive or psychiatric symptomatology, significant neurocognitive complaints, need for respite, or a combination thereof. Memory impairments and depressive or psychiatric symptomatology contributed, at least in part, to the recommendations of 24.0% and 30.9% of the sample, respectively. The prevalence of impaired Wechsler Memory Scale-III subtest performances ranged from 20.5% to 5.4%, and 28.7% of the participants exhibited elevated depression inventory scores. Of the participants who returned follow-up surveys, 49.5% visited their primary HCPs regarding their screening results; of the participants who had not followed up, 36.8% indicated plans to do so. Of the participants who followed up, contributing conditions and diagnoses were identified in 50.9%, medication or supplement recommendations or regimen changes were provided to 47.1%, and 17.0% were referred to healthcare specialists. Overall, the MSOP proved efficacious in identifying age-inappropriate memory impairments, notable depressive and psychiatric symptomatology, and significant neurocognitive complaints in an appreciable portion of a large, community-based, sample of middle-aged and older adults, which, in turn, contributed to the identification and treatment of a diversity of conditions at follow-up.
Crews
W David
WD
Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA. wdcrewsjr@aol.com
Harrison
David W
DW
Keiser
Alison M
AM
Kunze
Culvette M
CM
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D003159:Community-Institutional Relations; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006299:Health Services for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D008609:Mental Status Schedule / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011594:Psychometrics; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014768:Virginia