title: Human serum metabonomic analysis reveals progression axes for glucose intolerance and insulin resistance statuses.
abstract: Understanding the metabolic basis of glucose intolerances and insulin resistance is essential to facilitate early diagnosis, satisfactory therapies and personalized treatments of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Here, we analyzed the serum metabolic variations from 231 human participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 80, M/F = 34/46, mean age 53 +/- 10 years), impaired glucose regulation (IGR, n = 77, M/F = 33/44, mean age 51 +/- 10 years) and T2DM (n = 74, M/F = 32/42, mean age 51 +/- 9 years) to establish the relationship between the serum metabolite compositions and the development of diabetes. By using the proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in conjunction with the multivariate data analysis, we found that the development of both glucose intolerances and insulin resistances are closely correlated with the progressive changes of human serum metabonome. Compared with NGT subjects, the IGR and T2DM participants showed clear dysfunctions of choline metabolism, glucose metabolism, lipid and amino acid metabolisms, and disruptions of TCA cycle. The insulin resistance statuses were closely associated with the serum metabonomic changes in terms of glucose, fatty acid and protein/amino acid metabolisms. We also found greater metabonomic heterogeneity among the populations with T2DM and high insulin resistance status. These findings provide useful information to bridge the gaps in our understandings to the metabolic alterations associated with the progression of glucose intolerances and insulin resistance status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Centre, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiuying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yulan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fuhua
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Xianghai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xueyao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Huiru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Linong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D001798:Blood Proteins