title: Duplication of internal jugular veins: case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report a rare case of internal jugular vein duplications, in order to raise the level of awareness of this anomaly amongst ENT surgeons, radiologists and intensive care practitioners. We briefly review and discuss the related literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Duplicated internal jugular veins are a rare anatomical finding. They may be subclinical, or may present with neck swellings that may be mistaken for laryngocoeles or branchial cysts. We present a case of bilateral internal jugular vein duplication in a young adult. The referral was made on the basis of intermittent neck swelling, dyspnoea and dysphagia. Conservative treatment was instigated, and symptoms improved without surgical intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only a handful of cases of duplicated internal jugular veins have been reported. The current case is unique, as no previously reported cases have presented with dyspnoea and dysphagia. We suggest a conservative approach, as there is currently no evidence that duplicated internal jugular veins cause any adverse health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Bradford Royal Infirmary, UK.
authors.forename: B Y W
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Strachan
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Loney
mesh_terms: D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009333:Neck / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000098:blood supply; D011859:Radiography; D055815:Young Adult