title: The efficacy of Ahmed glaucoma valve drainage devices in cases of adult refractory glaucoma in Indian eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) drainage devices in cases of adult refractory glaucoma in Indian eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective interventional case series study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty two eyes of 32 patients of refractory glaucoma in the age group of 35 to 60 years who underwent AGV implantation with or without concomitant procedures from January 2003 to Jan 2007 were studied. Of these, 46 eyes (88%) had undergone filtering surgery earlier whereas remaining eyes underwent primary AGV implantation following failure of maximal medical therapy. The follow up ranged between 12 months to 48 months
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen eyes (35%) had undergone phacoemulsification with AGV implantation, penetrating keratoplasty (PK) with AGV and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in 13 eyes (25%), AGV over preexisting IOL in eight eyes (15%). AGV implantation alone was done in six (11%) eyes. Anterior chamber (AC) reconstruction with secondary IOL and AGV was performed in the remaining eyes. The mean intra ocular pressure (IOP) decreased from 36.3 +/- 15.7 mm Hg to 19.6 +/- 9.2 mm Hg. Complete success as per criteria was achieved in 46 eyes (88%). None of the eyes had failure to maintain IOP control following AGV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The AGV resulted in effective and sustained control of IOP in cases of adult refractory glaucoma in intermediate follow up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Army Hospital (Research and Referral) Cantt -10, Delhi, India. jksparihar@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jitendra K S
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Parihar
authors.forename: Devendra P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Vats
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maggon
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.forename: Anirudh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Sanjay K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mishra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000601:surgery*; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D020327:Glaucoma Drainage Implants; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating / Q000379:methods*; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2006 Aug;113(8):1320-6
references.pmid: 16877071
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jul;144(1):136-7
references.pmid: 17601438
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2001 Nov;108(11):1978-85
references.pmid: 11713065
references.citation: Br J Ophthalmol. 1994 Jun;78(6):466-75
references.pmid: 8060931
references.citation: Indian J Ophthalmol. 2002 Mar;50(1):25-8
references.pmid: 12090083
references.citation: J AAPOS. 2002 Jun;6(3):182-6
references.pmid: 12075295
references.citation: J Glaucoma. 2007 Jan;16(1):36-41
references.pmid: 17224747
references.citation: Br J Ophthalmol. 2000 Jul;84(7):718-21
references.pmid: 10873981
references.citation: Cornea. 2003 Apr;22(3):194-7
references.pmid: 12658081
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 2007 Jul;144(1):62-69
references.pmid: 17493574
references.citation: Br J Ophthalmol. 2006 Apr;90(4):417-9
references.pmid: 16547316
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 2003 Feb;121(2):285-6
references.pmid: 12583803
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 2001 Oct;132(4):571-2
references.pmid: 11589883
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 2006 Feb;141(2):388-9
references.pmid: 16458704
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 1998 Jul;105(7):1127-8
references.pmid: 9663209
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 1999 Aug;128(2):198-204
references.pmid: 10458176
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2001 Feb;108(2):272-8
references.pmid: 11158798
references.citation: J Glaucoma. 1997 Feb;6(1):10-2
references.pmid: 9075074
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 2006 Jun;113(6):913-7
references.pmid: 16751034
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 2005 Dec;140(6):1148-52
references.pmid: 16376673
references.citation: Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 Jun;124(6):800-6
references.pmid: 16769833
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 2003 Sep;136(3):464-70
references.pmid: 12967799
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 1998 Nov;105(11):2117-22
references.pmid: 9818615
references.citation: Int Ophthalmol Clin. 2007 Spring;47(2):109-15
references.pmid: 17450011
references.citation: Eur J Ophthalmol. 2005 Jan-Feb;15(1):27-31
references.pmid: 15751236
references.citation: J Glaucoma. 2002 Aug;11(4):347-53
references.pmid: 12169973
references.citation: Ophthalmology. 1999 Nov;106(11):2168-72
references.pmid: 10571354
references.citation: J Glaucoma. 2005 Aug;14(4):276-9
references.pmid: 15990607
references.citation: Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Sep;130(3):267-73
references.pmid: 11020403