title: A randomized trial of external beam radiotherapy versus cryoablation in patients with localized prostate cancer: quality of life outcomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A recent randomized trial to compare external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) to cryoablation for localized disease showed cryoablation to be noninferior to external beam EBRT in disease progression and overall and disease-specific survival. We report on the quality of life (QOL) outcomes for this trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  From December 1997 through February 2003, 244 men with newly diagnosed localized prostate cancer were randomly assigned to cryoablation or EBRT (median dose 68 Gy). All patients received neoadjuvant antiandrogen therapy. Patients completed the EORTC QLQ C30 and the Prostate Cancer Index (PCI) before treatment and at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months post-treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regardless of treatment arm, participants reported high levels of QOL with few exceptions. cryoablation was associated with more acute urinary dysfunction (mean PCI urinary function cryoablation=69.4; mean EBRT=90.7; P<.001), which resolved over time. No late arising QOL issues were observed. Both EBRT and cryoablation participants reported decreases in sexual function at 3 months with the cryoablation patients reporting poorer functioning (mean cryoablation=7.2: mean EBRT=32.9; P<.001). Mean sexual function score was 15 points lower at 3 years for the cryoablation group and 13% more of the cryoablation men said that sexuality was a moderate or big problem.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this randomized trial, no long-term QOL advantage for either treatment was apparent with the exception of poorer sexual function reported by those treated with cryoablation. Men who wish to increase their odds of retaining sexual function might be counseled to choose EBRT over cryoablation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, University of Calgary and Tom Baker Cancer Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. johnrobi@cancerboard.ab.ca
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Bryan J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: Jodi E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Siever
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Saliken
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Ernst
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rewcastle
authors.forename: Kiril
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trpkov
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Bejoy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000209:etiology; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists