title: Patient participation in emergency care - a phenomenographic analysis of caregivers' conceptions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to describe caregivers' conceptions of patient participation in an emergency care unit.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Patient participation is an important goal in health care. Patients who are given the opportunity to participate in care situations are able to influence care in a way that is more beneficial to them. Patients' participation in caring has been studied in different contexts, but little health care research has been conducted into patient participation in the emergency care unit. Patients treated in emergency care units sometimes express dissatisfaction with their care situation and it would therefore be important to find out how caregivers in emergency care experience patient participation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A phenomenographic research method based on life world theory was used in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected from 11 caregivers with experience of working in an emergency department. The caregivers were from different professions: three physicians, four nurses and four auxiliary nurses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The caregivers' conceptions of patient participation can be divided into three different descriptive categories: caregivers offer the opportunity for participation, patients demand participation and mutual participation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study adds knowledge that caregivers' different qualitative conceptions of patient participation are mainly conditional from caregivers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mutual participation is perceived occasionally and often unexpectedly, when the right circumstances occur, despite international and national guidelines that lay down the need for patient participation.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Växjö University & Department of Caring and Public Health Sciences, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden. Catharina.Frank@mdh.se
authors.forename: Catharina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asp
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dahlberg
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007858:Learning; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D010358:Patient Participation; D013548:Sweden