title: Ezetimibe as monotherapy in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A prospective study was conducted to evaluate low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering efficacy and tolerability of ezetimibe as monotherapy in children and adolescents with polygenic hypercholesterolemia (PH) or familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with PH (n=6) or FH (n=11) aged 5-15 years were consecutively enrolled to receive ezetimibe as monotherapy at 10 mg/day for 11.3 +/- 7.3 and 15.9 +/- 10.1 months, respectively. Plasma biochemical and lipid profiles were assessed before and after treatment. Ezetimibe significantly lowered total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C in patients with PH and FH: TC from 260.5 +/- 12.4 to 180.0 +/- 21.6 mg/dl (p = 0.02) and from 315.3 +/- 41.8 to 233.3 +/- 36.8 mg/dl (p = 0.003), respectively, and LDL-C from 177.1 +/- 17.7 to 102.6 +/- 16.7 mg/dl (p = 0.02) and from 243.0 +/- 41.8 to 170.0 +/- 29.8 mg/dl (p = 0.003), respectively. However, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) only decreased significantly (from 58.1 +/- 10.0 to 49.3 +/- 9.1 mg/dl) (p < 0.01) in patients with FH and remained unaltered in patients with PH. Triglyceride levels remained unchanged in both groups. Biochemical profile (hemogram, transaminases, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus and liposoluble vitamins A and E) remained unchanged; no adverse effects were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show that ezetimibe as monotherapy significantly lowered TC and LDL-C in children with PH and FH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain. dyeste@vhebron.net
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yeste
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chacón
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Albisu
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gussinyé
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrascosa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001384:Azetidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D000069438:Ezetimibe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D006950:Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D001384:Azetidines; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D000069438:Ezetimibe