title: Gender ratio distortion in abortuses and live births from patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gender ratio of live birth in humans is approximately 1.05 and males are born a slightly more, while gender ratio of fertilization should be 1.00, suggesting that female fetus might be more sensitive to abortion than male fetus during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined karyotype of abortuses from patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), who had at least one live birth before or after the treatment of RSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chromosomal abnormality was not frequent (14.6%) in the abortuses from the RSA patients. Among abortuses without chromosomal abnormality, male karyotype was rare (9.2%), and this gender ratio distortion was more prominent in RSA cases not carrying autoantibodies (3.5%) than that in the RSA cases carrying autoantibodies (26.3%), with statistical significance (P = 0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations suggested that the aborted fetuses from RSA of unknown etiology, i.e. no chromosomal abnormality and no autoantibody, were preferentially female.
authors.affiliation: Kano Medical Corporation Clinic, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kano
authors.forename: Takahide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D037881:Aborted Fetus / Q000276:immunology; D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D050498:Live Birth / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies