title: Evaluation of (18)F-FDG PET-CT for differentiation of pulmonary pathology in an approach of outpatient fast track assessment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical performance/ implementation of integrated F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) for differentiation of pulmonary pathology in an approach of outpatient fast track assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was performed in 114 consecutive patients with pulmonary symptoms and/or abnormal chest x-ray were referred for fast track assessment to the Netherlands Cancer Institute from March 2005 to September 2007. The presence of malignancy was evaluated in a multidisciplinary setting, including F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, diagnostic CT, and bronchoscopy (including biopsy), with histopathological evaluation as the reference standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 105 patients (92%), a final diagnosis was achieved. A malignancy was diagnosed in 84% of the patients; non-small cell lung cancer in 67%, small cell lung cancer in 7%, and metastases or other malignancies in 10%. Nonmalignant lesions were found in 16% of the patients. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of positive PET/CT for the presence of malignancy were 97, 56, 90, 92, and 77%, respectively. PET/CT showed unexpected M1 disease (not detected on CT) in 10% of the patients. Almost half of the patients with a malignancy were scheduled for curative treatment, of whom 29 patients for surgery and 14 patients for chemoradiotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this outpatient fast track setting, PET/CT provides valuable information for diagnosing lung cancer, with a high positive predictive value, and is useful for clinical decision making.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. t.aukema@nki.nl
authors.forename: Tjeerd S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Aukema
authors.forename: Renato A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Valdés Olmos
authors.forename: Houke M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Klomp
authors.forename: Hendrik J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Teertstra
authors.forename: José S A
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Belderbos
authors.forename: Wouter V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baas
authors.forename: Sjaak A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Burgers
authors.forename: Michel M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18