title: Design and testing of a microfluidic biochip for cytokine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
abstract: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been widely used in medical diagnostics, environmental analyses, and biochemical studies. To reduce assay time and lower consumption of reagents in cytokine ELISA analysis, a polymeric microfluidic biochip has been designed and fabricated via several new techniques: Polyaniline-based surface modification for superhydrophobic capillary valving and oxygen plasma-poly(ethyleneimine)-tyrosinase-protein A modification for high sensitivity protein detection. The proper flow sequencing was achieved using the superhydrophobic capillary valves. The burst frequency of each valve was experimentally determined and compared with two capillary force equations and the fluent finite element simulation. This fully automated microfluidic biochip with an analyzer is able to provide high fluorescence signal of ELISA with a wider linear detection range and a much shorter assay time than 96-well microtiter plates. It is applicable to a variety of nonclinic research and clinically relevant disease conditions. The modification technologies in this study can be implemented in other lab-on-a-chip systems, druggene delivery carriers, and other immunoassay biosensor applications.
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Weixiong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Nan-Rong
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.forename: Arthur J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: L James
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Lee
references.citation: Soft Matter. 2007 Mar 20;3(4):426-429
references.pmid: 32900060
references.citation: Talanta. 2005 Jul 15;67(1):217-20
references.pmid: 18970158
references.citation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2003 Feb 17;42(7):800-2
references.pmid: 12596204
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2001 Mar 15;73(6):1213-8
references.pmid: 11305654
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2007 Feb 1;79(3):994-1001
references.pmid: 17263327
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2007 Jan 1;79(1):350-4
references.pmid: 17194160
references.citation: J Immunol Methods. 2001 Dec 1;258(1-2):47-53
references.pmid: 11684122
references.citation: Bioconjug Chem. 2003 Sep-Oct;14(5):974-8
references.pmid: 13129401
references.citation: Lab Chip. 2007 Nov;7(11):1546-52
references.pmid: 17960284
references.citation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2004 Jan 3;43(3):357-60
references.pmid: 14705097
references.citation: Science. 2003 Feb 28;299(5611):1377-80
references.pmid: 12610300
references.citation: Front Biosci. 2005 Sep 01;10:2848-55
references.pmid: 15970539
references.citation: Methods Enzymol. 1974;31:790-833
references.pmid: 4416994
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2002 Dec 15;74(24):6392-6
references.pmid: 12510764
references.citation: Clin Chem. 2003 May;49(5):826-9
references.pmid: 12709382
references.citation: Science. 2000 Apr 7;288(5463):113-6
references.pmid: 10753110
references.citation: J Immunoassay Immunochem. 2002;23(3):293-305
references.pmid: 12227416
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 1993 May;31(5):1373-5
references.pmid: 8501246
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2000 Mar 15;72(6):1144-7
references.pmid: 10740851
references.citation: Anal Biochem. 2004 Jan 15;324(2):219-26
references.pmid: 14690685
references.citation: Biotechnol Bioeng. 2009 Feb 15;102(3):891-901
references.pmid: 18942150
references.citation: Langmuir. 2006 Oct 24;22(22):9458-67
references.pmid: 17042569
references.citation: Science. 1969 Oct 17;166(3903):317-24
references.pmid: 5812030
references.citation: Lab Chip. 2002 May;2(2):117-20
references.pmid: 15100844
references.citation: Ann Biol Clin (Paris). 1977;35(3):221-6
references.pmid: 302659
references.citation: Anal Chim Acta. 2007 Apr 25;589(2):173-9
references.pmid: 17418178
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2000 Aug 15;72(16):3805-11
references.pmid: 10959966
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2004 Apr 1;76(7):1832-7
references.pmid: 15053640
references.citation: Clin Chem. 1978 Mar;24(3):514
references.pmid: 343949
references.citation: Lab Chip. 2004 Dec;4(6):570-5
references.pmid: 15570367
references.citation: Lab Chip. 2001 Dec;1(2):153-7
references.pmid: 15100877