title: One-step in-syringe ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction.
abstract: Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) has been proved to be a powerful tool for the rapid sample treatment of liquid samples providing at the same time high enrichment factors and extraction recoveries. A new, simple and easy to handle one step in-syringe set-up for DLLME is presented and critically discussed in this paper. The novel approach avoids the centrifugation step, typically off-line and time consuming, opening-up a new horizon on DLLME automation. The suitability of the proposal is evaluated by means of the determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in urine by liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detection. In the presented approach an ionic liquid is used as extractant. The target drugs can be determined in urine within the concentration range 0.02-10 microg mL(-1), allowing their determination at therapeutic and toxic levels. Limits of detection were in the range from 8.3 ng mL(-1) (indomethacin) to 32 ng mL(-1) (ketoprofen). The repeatability of the proposed method expressed as RSD (n=5) varied between 2.5% (for ketoprofen) and 8.6% (for indomethacin).
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Marie Curie Building(Annex), Campus de Rabanales, University of Cordoba, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cruz-Vera
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lucena
authors.forename: Soledad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cárdenas
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valcárcel
mesh_terms: D053000:Analytic Sample Preparation Methods; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006801:Humans; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D008832:Microchemistry / Q000379:methods*; D012997:Solvents
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D012997:Solvents