title: P2Y5 is a G(alpha)i, G(alpha)12/13 G protein-coupled receptor activated by lysophosphatidic acid that reduces intestinal cell adhesion.
abstract: P2Y5 is a G protein-coupled receptor that binds and is activated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). We determined that P2Y5 transcript is expressed along the intestinal mucosa and investigated the intracellular pathways induced by P2Y5 activation, which could contribute to LPA effects on intestinal cell adhesion. P2Y5 heterologously expressed in CHO and small intestinal hBRIE 380i cells was activated by LPA resulting in an increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) when the cells concurrently expressed G(alpha)(Delta6qi5myr). P2Y5 activation also increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 that was sensitive to pertussis toxin. Together these indicate that P2Y5 activation by LPA induces an increase in [Ca(2+)](i) and ERK1/2 phosphorylation through G(alpha)(i). We discovered that P2Y5 was activated by farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) without a detectable change in [Ca(2+)](i). The activation of P2Y5 by LPA or FPP induced the activity of a serum response element (SRE)-linked luciferase reporter that was inhibited by the RGS domain of p115RhoGEF, C3 exotoxin, and Y-27632, suggesting the involvement of G(alpha)(12/13), Rho GTPase, and ROCK, respectively. However, only LPA-mediated induction of SRE reporter activity was sensitive to inhibitors targeting p38 MAPK, PI3K, PLC, and PKC. In addition, only LPA transactivated the epidermal growth factor receptor, leading to an induction of ERK1/2 phosphorylation. These observations correlate with our subsequent finding that P2Y5 activation by LPA, and not FPP, reduced intestinal cell adhesion. This study elucidates a mechanism whereby LPA can act as a luminal and/or serosal cue to alter mucosal integrity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Science and Toxicology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-3104, USA.
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sungwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Gunnel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halldén
authors.forename: Sek Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yo
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schichnes
authors.forename: Gregory W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Aponte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D054769:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011106:Polyisoprenyl Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064067:Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D027602:Serum Response Element; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D011106:Polyisoprenyl Phosphates; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D064067:Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C004808:farnesyl pyrophosphate; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; C496569:Grk2 protein, rat; D054769:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins; C032881:lysophosphatidic acid
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