A novel dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate isolated from Gymnema sylvestre possessing normoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity on STZ-induced diabetic rats.
OBJECTIVE
Gymnema sylvestre (Asclepiadaceae) is emerging as a potential treatment for the management of diabetes. The leaves are used in herbal medicine preparations. The present study was carried out to isolate and identify the putative antidiabetic compound based on bioassay-guided fractionation.


METHODS
An active compound dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate has been isolated from Gymnema sylvestre acetone extract and its optimum dose has been determined and patented. An optimum dose of dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate (20mg/kg body weight) was orally administered for 45 days to streptozotocin diabetic rats for the assessment of plasma glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), tissue glycogen, lipid parameters such as triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and activities of hepatic marker enzymes, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in normal and streptozotocin diabetic rats.


RESULTS
Dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate at 20mg dose produced significant effects on all biochemical parameters studied compared to diabetic control group.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate, the compound from Gymnema sylvestre, possessed hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity in long-term treatment and hence it could be used as a drug for treating diabetes.
Daisy
Pitchai
P
Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, Holy Cross College, Trichy 620002, Tamil Nadu, India. daisylesslie@gmail.com
Eliza
James
J
Mohamed Farook
Khanzan Abdul Majeed
KA
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D031104:Gymnema sylvestre / Q000737:chemistry*; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes
D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D006003:Glycogen; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; C547930:dihydroxy gymnemic triacetate; C007898:gymnemic acid