Plasma antioxidant responses and oxidative stress following a soccer game in elite female players.
We aimed to investigate markers of oxidative stress and levels of endogenous and dietary antioxidants in 16 elite female soccer players in response to a 90-min game (average intensity 82+/-3% HRpeak). Blood samples were taken before, immediately and 21 h after the game. Plasma-oxidized glutathione, the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH:GSSG) and lipid peroxidation measured by d-ROMs were used as markers of oxidative stress. Plasma endogenous [uric acid, total glutathione (TGSH)] and dietary antioxidants (alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids and polyphenols) were analyzed using liquid chromatography and the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Exercise induced an acute increase (P<0.05) in GSSG, uric acid, TGSH, alpha-tocopherol, and ascorbic acid. In parallel, the GSH:GSSG ratio and polyphenols decreased (P<0.05). GSSG, GSH:GSSG ratio, uric acid, TGSH, and ascorbic acid returned to baseline at 21 h, while polyphenols and alpha-tocopherol remained altered. Total carotenoids increased above baseline only at 21 h (P<0.05). Lipid peroxidation, measured by d-ROMs, remained unchanged throughout the study. Thus, intermittent exercise in well-trained female athletes induces a transient increase in GSSG and a decrease in the GSH:GSSG ratio, which is effectively balanced by the recruitment of both endogenous and dietary antioxidants, resulting in the absence of lipid peroxidation measured by d-ROMs.
Andersson
H
H
School of Health and Medical Sciences, Orebro University, Orebro, Sweden.
Karlsen
A
A
Blomhoff
R
R
Raastad
T
T
Kadi
F
F
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D056352:Athletes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009664:Norway; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010949:Plasma; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D013548:Sweden
D000975:Antioxidants