title: Proposed mechanisms and treatment strategies for motion sickness disorder: a case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present an overview of symptomatic motion sickness disorder and to propose allopathic and chiropractic approaches for treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three representative cases are presented involving patients with motion sickness. All 3 patients had suffered from this condition throughout their lives. A discussion of the hypothesis of sensory conflict as a causative factor in cases of motion sickness is offered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following methods founded in applied kinesiology and using spinal and cranial manipulative treatment, the patients were able to travel long distances without nausea, sickness, or dizziness. The evaluation of these patients' responses to treatment was determined by the doctor's observation, the patients' subjective description of symptoms while riding in a motor vehicle, a visual analog scale for neck and associated pain, and applied kinesiology chiropractic physical assessment tools.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further studies into chiropractic manipulative treatments for sensory conflict and proprioceptive dysfunctions associated with the problem of motion sickness are indicated. The hypothesis of sensory conflict as the cause of motion sickness should be explored more fully by other chiropractic physicians and researchers.
authors.affiliation: Chiropractic Health Center, Pueblo, CO.
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Cuthbert
references.citation: AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1957 Feb;57(2):176-80
references.pmid: 13393884
references.citation: Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1991 May;69(5):683-94
references.pmid: 1863921
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1977 Feb 10;296(6):293-7
references.pmid: 831126
references.citation: J Am Soc Prev Dent. 1976 Dec;6(6):16-8
references.pmid: 1074819
references.citation: Pediatrics. 1974 Oct;54(4):396-403
references.pmid: 4416579
references.citation: J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2004 Jan;27(1):66
references.pmid: 14739884
references.citation: J Am Geriatr Soc. 1994 Jan;42(1):93-108
references.pmid: 8277123
references.citation: J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2001 Jun;24(5):340-9
references.pmid: 11416825
references.citation: J Rehabil Med. 2003 Jan;35(1):36-43
references.pmid: 12610847
references.citation: Int J Neurosci. 1993 Feb;68(3-4):205-7
references.pmid: 8063526
references.citation: Cranio. 1985 Mar-May;3(2):164-71
references.pmid: 3855938
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2003;121(2):277-85
references.pmid: 14521987
references.citation: J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1996 Apr;18(2):178-86
references.pmid: 8780953
references.citation: J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1968 Feb;67(6):643-52
references.pmid: 5184535
references.citation: J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1974 Jun;73(10):825-35
references.pmid: 4495789
references.citation: J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2005 May;28(4):e1-6
references.pmid: 15883570
references.citation: Neurology. 2004 Jul 13;63(1):150-2
references.pmid: 15249626
references.citation: Basal Facts. 1987;9(2):69-73
references.pmid: 2957996
references.citation: Br J Psychol. 1992 Nov;83 ( Pt 4):449-71
references.pmid: 1486361
references.citation: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1998 Sep;79(9):1089-94
references.pmid: 9749689
references.citation: Eur Spine J. 1998;7(1):55-8
references.pmid: 9548360
references.citation: Aviat Space Environ Med. 1996 Oct;67(10):955-62
references.pmid: 9025818
references.citation: J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 1994 Mar-Apr;17(3):168-73
references.pmid: 8006531
references.citation: J Neurophysiol. 1951 May;14(2):191-5
references.pmid: 14832652
references.citation: Acta Otolaryngol. 1995 Mar;115(2):130-3
references.pmid: 7610787
references.citation: Forensic Sci Int. 2002 Aug 28;128(3):168-76
references.pmid: 12175961
references.citation: Br Med Bull. 1993 Apr;49(2):285-304
references.pmid: 8334493
references.citation: J Am Osteopath Assoc. 1968 Mar;67(7):779-87
references.pmid: 4297290
references.citation: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001 Jul;71(1):8-12
references.pmid: 11413255
references.citation: Bull New Engl Med Cent. 1948 Aug;10(4):145-54
references.pmid: 18877384