title: First ray disorders in athletes.
abstract: Athletes who participate in contact sports (American football, soccer, rugby) or who are involved in high-impact sports (dancing, running, gymnastics) are susceptible to first ray forefoot injuries. Common first ray disorders in athletes include hallux rigidus, turf toe, sand toe, sesamoid disorders, and fractures. First ray disorders in athletes frequently are treated by nonoperative methods including relative rest, ice, elevation, activity modification, shoe modification, and insoles.
authors.affiliation: Logan Hospital, Southside Health District, Meadowbrook, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. aneelnihal2000@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Aneel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nihal
authors.forename: Elly
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trepman
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nag
mesh_terms: D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005545:Forefoot, Human / Q000293:injuries*; D015775:Fractures, Stress / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D012716:Sesamoid Bones / Q000293:injuries; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology