title: Detection of all four human metapneumovirus subtypes in nasopharyngeal specimens from children with respiratory disease in Uberlândia, Brazil.
abstract: The human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a pathogen of the respiratory tract identified first in the Netherlands in 2001 and since then it has been detected worldwide. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize hMPV in samples collected from children <5 years presenting with acute respiratory disease (ARD) seen at a public hospital in Uberlândia, in Southeastern Brazil. One hundred fourteen nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) samples that were negative for the presence of nine other respiratory viruses were tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the presence of hMPV RNA. Fourteen out of 114 (12.3%) samples were positive for presence of hMPV RNA. PCR products, obtained by the amplification of partial nucleotide sequence of gene N, were sequenced and compared with sequences deposited in GenBank. Sequences from eight samples were obtained and all four subtypes were identified. Also, the recently proposed sublineages "a" and "b" of subtype A2 were found; mean age was 21 months old; upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) was the most common clinical symptom; the virus was detected in samples collected from March to November, a period that corresponds to late summer to mid-spring in Brazil. This is the first study to describe the circulation of all hMPV subtypes in Minas Gerais state.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlandia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bruno M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Carneiro
authors.forename: Jonny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yokosawa
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arbiza
authors.forename: Lourenço F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mirazo
authors.forename: Lysa L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Nepomuceno
authors.forename: Thelma F M
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Luiz Ricardo
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Goulart
authors.forename: Carlos U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Guilherme R O
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: Nayhanne T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.forename: Divina A O
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Queiróz
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000821:virology*; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000821:virology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins