title: Prediction of HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and validate an easy-to-use prediction model for HIV acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM).
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed prediction models using medical records data from an STD clinic (2001-2008) and validated these models using data from the control arm of Project Explore, an HIV prevention trial (1999-2003).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1903 MSM who tested for HIV more than once in the development sample, 101 acquired HIV over 6.7 years of follow-up. Annual HIV incidence was 2.57% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.09%, 3.12%). During 4 years of follow-up of 2081 Project Explore control arm participants, 144 acquired HIV for an incidence of 2.32% (95% CI: 1.96%, 2.73%). A prediction model that included variables indicating use of methamphetamine or inhaled nitrites in the prior 6 months, unprotected anal intercourse with a partner of positive or unknown HIV status in the prior year, > or =10 male sex partners in the prior year, and current diagnosis or history of bacterial sexually transmitted infection was well calibrated overall (expected-observed ratio = 1.01; 95% CI: 0.97, 1.05) and had modest discriminatory accuracy at 1 year (area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.75) and at 4 years (area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.71). Over 4 years, cumulative incidence ranged from 3.9% to 14.3% for groups of men defined by the prediction model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A new risk score was predictive of HIV acquisition and could assist providers in counseling MSM and in targeting intensified prevention to MSM at greatest risk for HIV infection. Its accuracy requires further evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Center for AIDS and STD, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, 325 Ninth Ave., Seattle, WA 98104, USA. menza@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Timothy W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Menza
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Connie L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Celum
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Golden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008694:Methamphetamine; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D047568:Unsafe Sex; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008694:Methamphetamine
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