title: Predictive value of urinary interleukin-8 cutoff point for recurrences after transurethral resection plus induction bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment in non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was designed to investigate whether there is a correlation between interleukin (IL)-8 secretion rate and recurrences in induction bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy following transurethral resection (TUR) in cases of primary non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 41 patients with NMIBC were randomized to receive a 6-week course with a standard dose of 81 mg intravesical BCG. Voided urine samples were collected immediately before and after (at 2 and 4 hours) BCG instillation. IL-8 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were monitored according to European Association of Urology Guidelines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were monitored for a mean duration of 21.0 +/- 13.86 months. The mean time to recurrence for the 15 patients who had recurrences was 11.2 months. After adjusting for risk factors, the change in IL-8 levels at 2 hours after the first BCG compared with the levels before BCG instillation was found to be significantly predictive of recurrence (P = .047), and the best cutoff point was estimated as 112 pg/mL. The sensitivity of this measure for prediction of recurrences was 53.3%, specificity was 88.5%, positive predictive value was 72.7%, and negative predictive value was 76.7%. Comparison of patients who had values below and above this cutoff point revealed that the recurrence-free survival rate was 76.7% versus 27.3%, and the expected recurrence-free survival time was 34.9 months versus 18.8 months (P = .006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Besides numerous other prognostic factors that have been suggested so far, a cutoff point of 112 pg/mL for IL-8 levels measured 2 hours after the first BCG instillation appears to be a good predictive factor for successful outcome in BCG treatment following TUR.
authors.affiliation: Third Urology Clinic, Ministry of Health, Yildirim Beyazit Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. leventsagnak@gmail.com
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sagnak
authors.forename: Hamit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ersoy
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ozok
authors.forename: Bugra
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Senturk
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ercil
authors.forename: Gul
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bahar
authors.forename: Evrim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozturk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000652:urine*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy* / Q000652:urine; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D016209:Interleukin-8