Anandamide increases swelling and reduces calcium sensitivity of mitochondria.
The endocannabinoid anandamide alters mitochondria-dependent signal transduction, thus controlling key cellular events like energy homeostasis and induction of apoptosis. Here, the ability of anandamide to directly affect the integrity of mitochondria was investigated on isolated organelles. We found that anandamide dose-dependently increases mitochondrial swelling, and reduces cytochrome c release induced by calcium ions. The effects of anandamide were independent of its target receptors (e.g., cannabinoid or vanilloid receptors), and were paralleled by decreased membrane potential and increased membrane fluidity. Overall, our data suggest that anandamide can impact mitochondrial physiology, by reducing calcium sensitivity and perturbing membrane properties of these organelles.
Catanzaro
Giuseppina
G
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Teramo, Piazza Aldo Moro 45, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Rapino
Cinzia
C
Oddi
Sergio
S
Maccarrone
Mauro
M
D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D008297:Male; D008560:Membrane Fluidity / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008933:Mitochondrial Swelling / Q000187:drug effects*; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D045304:Cytochromes c; D002118:Calcium; C078814:anandamide