title: Trachoma, cataracts and uncorrected refractive error are still important contributors to visual morbidity in two remote indigenous communities of the Northern Territory, Australia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the contribution of trachoma, cataract and refractive error to visual morbidity among Indigenous adults living in two remote communities of the Northern Territory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey of all adults aged 40 and over within a desert and coastal community.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visual acuity, clinical signs of trachoma using the simplified WHO grading system and assessment of cataract through a non-dilated pupil.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and sixty individuals over the age of 40 years participated in the study. The prevalence of visual impairment (<6/12) was 17%. The prevalence of blindness (<3/60) was 2%, 40-fold higher than seen in an urban Australian population when adjusted for age. In total, 78% of adults who grew up in a desert community had trachomatous scarring compared with 26% of those who grew up in a coastal community (P < or = 0.001). In the desert community the prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis was 10% and corneal opacity was 6%. No trachomatous trichiasis or corneal opacity was seen in the coastal community.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Trachoma, cataract and uncorrected refractive error remain significant contributors to visual morbidity in at least two remote indigenous communities. A wider survey is required to determine if these findings represent a more widespread pattern and existing eye care services may need to be re-assessed to determine the cause of this unmet need.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, WHO Collaborating Centre for the Prevention of Blindness, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. h.wright2@pgrad.unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: Heathcote R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Jill E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Keeffe
authors.forename: Hugh R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001766:Blindness / Q000208:ethnology*; D002386:Cataract / Q000208:ethnology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D015876:Northern Territory / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000208:ethnology*; D014141:Trachoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000208:ethnology*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D019987:Persons with Visual Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*