title: B cells are essential for moderating the inflammatory response and controlling bacterial multiplication in a mouse model of vaccination against Chlamydophila abortus infection.
abstract: The use of inactivated vaccines associated with suitable adjuvants has been demonstrated to confer a good level of protection against Chlamydophila abortus. However, the basis of the immune protective response induced by these vaccines has been poorly studied. B cells act as an immune regulatory population during primary infection by C. abortus. Thus, it was considered of interest to study the role of B cells in an infection after immunization with a killed vaccine. For this, C57BL/6 and B-cell-deficient mice were immunized with a killed vaccine against C. abortus using QS-21 as the adjuvant. After challenge, the course of infection was established by analysis of morbidity, C. abortus burden in the liver, and histopathological changes. The immune response induced was studied by real-time PCR techniques. Experiments involving transfer of immune serum from vaccinated or previously infected mice were also carried out. The lack of B cells reduced the protection conferred by the QS-21 adjuvant vaccine. Vaccinated B-cell-deficient mice showed a 1,000-fold-greater bacterial burden in the liver than their wild-type counterparts. Obvious differences existed in the liver, where a severe neutrophilic reaction and extended areas of necrosis were observed with vaccinated B-cell-deficient mice. An analysis of the immune response pointed to a significant increase in inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and the deficient production of transforming growth factor beta. The transfer of antibodies restored the level of protection. This study demonstrates that B cells play a crucial role in controlling C. abortus multiplication and prevent an exacerbated inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain. abuendia@um.es
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Buendía
authors.forename: Nieves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: María R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Del Río
authors.forename: María C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gallego
authors.forename: Joaquín
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cuello
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salinas
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023521:Chlamydophila Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D012503:Saponins; C078785:saponin QA-21V1
references.citation: Adv Immunol. 2006;91:1-44
references.pmid: 16938537
references.citation: Res Microbiol. 1994 Oct;145(8):611-20
references.pmid: 7871240
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2005 Feb;73(2):1141-50
references.pmid: 15664957
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1983 Nov;42(2):525-30
references.pmid: 6642642
references.citation: FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1997 May 1;150(1):113-9
references.pmid: 9163915
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1995 Dec;63(12):4912-6
references.pmid: 7591155
references.citation: J Virol. 2003 Feb;77(4):2578-86
references.pmid: 12551996
references.citation: J Immunol. 2005 Dec 1;175(11):7536-42
references.pmid: 16301662
references.citation: J Immunol. 2007 Jun 1;178(11):7222-34
references.pmid: 17513771
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1997 Jun;65(6):1993-9
references.pmid: 9169723
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2008 Oct;76(10):4642-8
references.pmid: 18663004
references.citation: J Comp Pathol. 2003 May;128(4):217-44
references.pmid: 12834606
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2000 Mar;68(3):1746-51
references.pmid: 10679002
references.citation: J Immunol. 2003 Jun 15;170(12):5897-911
references.pmid: 12794116
references.citation: Expert Rev Vaccines. 2004 Feb;3(1):23-34
references.pmid: 14761241
references.citation: J Immunol. 2004 Nov 15;173(10):6346-56
references.pmid: 15528374
references.citation: Cardiovasc Res. 2005 Feb 1;65(2):317-27
references.pmid: 15639470
references.citation: Vet J. 2006 Mar;171(2):263-75
references.pmid: 16490708
references.citation: Eur J Immunol. 2009 Mar;39(3):676-86
references.pmid: 19283721
references.citation: Vaccine. 2003 Jul 4;21(23):3126-36
references.pmid: 12804839
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2001 Aug;69(8):4808-15
references.pmid: 11447154
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2002 Jun;70(6):2741-51
references.pmid: 12010958
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2007 Oct;75(10):4933-41
references.pmid: 17664264
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2008 Dec;76(12):5581-7
references.pmid: 18809664
references.citation: J Biomol Tech. 2003 Mar;14(1):33-43
references.pmid: 12901609
references.citation: J Exp Med. 1998 Feb 16;187(4):619-29
references.pmid: 9463412
references.citation: Immunol Rev. 2008 Aug;224:201-14
references.pmid: 18759928
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2004 Nov;72(11):6191-6
references.pmid: 15501743
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2001 Jan;69(1):194-203
references.pmid: 11119506
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2003 Dec;71(12):7219-22
references.pmid: 14638821
references.citation: Vaccine. 1990 Aug;8(4):342-6
references.pmid: 2396474
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 2009 Mar 16;135(1-2):103-11
references.pmid: 18945558
references.citation: Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2007 Jan 15;115(1-2):76-86
references.pmid: 17092568
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Feb;5(2):149-61
references.pmid: 15688042
references.citation: J Immunol. 1999 Feb 15;162(4):2217-26
references.pmid: 9973497
references.citation: J Immunol. 2008 Mar 1;180(5):3329-38
references.pmid: 18292558
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2002 Dec;70(12):6911-8
references.pmid: 12438369
references.citation: Immunology. 1994 Apr;81(4):631-6
references.pmid: 8039814
references.citation: J Immunol. 2000 Mar 1;164(5):2629-34
references.pmid: 10679102
references.citation: J Immunol. 2006 Jan 15;176(2):705-10
references.pmid: 16393950
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1998 May;66(5):2128-34
references.pmid: 9573099
references.citation: Immunology. 1992 Oct;77(2):284-8
references.pmid: 1427980
references.citation: Immunology. 2002 Feb;105(2):213-21
references.pmid: 11872097
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1999 May;67(5):2110-6
references.pmid: 10225862
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2002 Feb;70(2):844-50
references.pmid: 11796619
references.citation: Microb Pathog. 2002 Jul;33(1):7-15
references.pmid: 12127795
references.citation: J Immunol. 2000 Apr 1;164(7):3681-8
references.pmid: 10725726
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1997 Jul;65(7):2876-82
references.pmid: 9199462