title: Problem-based learning versus lectures: comparison of academic results and time devoted by teachers in a course on Dentistry in Special Patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is a teaching-learning technique centred on the complete development of the student. It has been successfully implemented in several universities, notably in the health sciences. The process of creating the European Higher Education Area, initiated in Bologna, encourages European universities to use new methodologies in the teaching-learning process, including PBL. Our objectives were to analyze the results obtained by using PBL with fifth-year Dentistry students.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of academic results between students receiving lectures and PBL participants, and assessment of differences between them in the time devoted to tasks by students and teachers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PBL participants obtained higher grades compared to those receiving lectures only (p<0.05). The two student groups devoted the same amount of time to this subject but the time distribution of tasks was very different, with PBL students spending more time on group work and analysis of the literature. The teachers devoted much more time to the PBL group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PBL is a teaching-learning methodology that improves student academic results. PBL diverts student time to more complex tasks but requires a greater commitment from the teachers.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Bucofacial, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno-López
authors.forename: Ma Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Somacarrera-Pérez
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Díaz-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campo-Trapero
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cano-Sánchez
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D004497:Education, Dental / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D005179:Faculty, Dental; D018794:Problem-Based Learning / Q000592:standards*; D013030:Spain; D013997:Time Factors