title: Centromere repositioning in cucurbit species: implication of the genomic impact from centromere activation and inactivation.
abstract: The centromere of an eukaryotic chromosome can move to a new position during evolution, which may result in a major alteration of the chromosome morphology and karyotype. This centromere repositioning phenomenon has been extensively documented in mammalian species and was implicated to play an important role in mammalian genome evolution. Here we report a centromere repositioning event in plant species. Comparative fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping using common sets of fosmid clones between two pairs of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) and melon (Cucumis melo L.) chromosomes revealed changes in centromere positions during evolution. Pachytene chromosome analysis revealed that the current centromeres of all four cucumber and melon chromosomes are associated with distinct pericentromeric heterochromatin. Interestingly, inactivation of a centromere in the original centromeric region was associated with a loss or erosion of its affixed pericentromeric heterochromatin. Thus, both centromere activation and inactivation in cucurbit species were associated with a gain/loss of a large amount of pericentromeric heterochromatin.
authors.affiliation: National Maize Improvement Center of China, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Genome of Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
authors.forename: Yonghua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Zhonghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chunxia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sanwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jiming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D002503:Centromere; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D028462:Cucumis / Q000235:genetics*; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D004276:DNA, Satellite / Q000235:genetics; D018745:Genome, Plant; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D004276:DNA, Satellite
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