Dietary starch type affects body weight and glycemic control in freely fed but not energy-restricted obese rats.
This study comprised 2 experiments that tested the hypothesis that a high-amylose starch diet (AMO) would improve body weight and glycemic control relative to a high-amylopectin starch diet (AMN) in rats with diet-induced obesity. After inducing obesity with a high-fat and -energy diet (Expt. 1), male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 46) were divided into 4 groups and given free or restricted access to either an AMN or an AMO diet for 4 wk (Expt. 2). After 3 wk, rats from each group underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. At the end of the experiment, food-deprived rats were killed by decapitation and blood and tissues were collected for analyses. AMO led to lower total energy intake, weight gain, fat pad mass, and glycemic response but higher insulin sensitivity index than AMN, only when consumed ad libitum (AL) (P < 0.05). AMO led to higher glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY responses and mRNA levels, independent of feeding paradigm (P < 0.01). The mRNA levels of key neuropeptide systems involved in the regulation of food intake were affected only by energy restriction. On the other hand, AMO resulted in higher expression of uncoupling protein-1 in the brown adipose tissue than AMN in rats that consumed food AL (P < 0.05). The effects of AMO appear to be mediated by its high resistant starch content rather than its glycemic index. We conclude that starches high in AMO can be effective in weight and glycemic control in obesity.
Aziz
Alfred A
AA
Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, AL 2203E, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada. alfred_aziz@hc-sc.gc.ca
Kenney
Laura S
LS
Goulet
Benoit
B
Abdel-Aal
El-Sayed
el-S
D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004435:Eating; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013213:Starch / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D013213:Starch