title: Glomerular filtration rate is related to dipping pattern in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring--a cross-sectional population-based study.
abstract: A non-dipping pattern in ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The association between renal function and the dipping pattern has not been studied in a random middle-aged population. This is a cross-sectional population-based study of 226 males and 234 females aged 40 to 62 years. Renal function was assessed with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Non-dipping status was defined as a reduction of <10% between the daytime and the nighttime systolic BP. Non-dippers represented 18.7% of the study population. Their mean eGFR was 79.1 (s.d. 15.7) ml min(-1) per 1.73 m(2) as compared with a mean eGFR of 84.1 (s.d. 16.2) ml min(-1) per 1.73 m(2) in dippers (P=0.005); this difference remained significant after adjustments. Subjects in the lowest and in the middle eGFR tertiles had an independently increased risk of non-dipping in comparison with those in the highest eGFR tertile (odd ratios (OR), 2.34 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.18 to 4.63) and OR, 2.01 (95% CI, 1.06 to 3.83), respectively). This study showed that even a minor deterioration in renal function is associated with increased risk of non-dipping pattern in ABPM in a random middle-aged population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Biocenter Oulu, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu and Clinical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland. helena.kastarinen@oulu.fi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kastarinen
authors.forename: R-L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Vasunta
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ukkola
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Kesäniemi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine