title: Cardiovascular risk factors and outcome in patients with retinal vein occlusion.
abstract: The pathogenesis and treatment of retinal vein occlusions (RVO) are largely unclear. Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and of thrombophilic abnormalities was evaluated in 117 patients (61 M, 56 F; mean age 51 +/- 13 years) with a history of RVO (62 central, CRVO; 48 branch, BRVO; 7 both) and in 202 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Cardiovascular outcome after a mean 8.2 year follow-up was recorded for 90 patients. Arterial hypertension was significantly more frequent in patients than in controls (64.9 vs. 28.2%; adjusted OR 4.5 95% CI 2.4-7.9; P < 0.0001), as well diabetes mellitus (17.9 vs. 7.9%; P < 0.05). Antithrombin, Protein C, Protein S and homocysteine levels, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, FV G1691A and prothrombin G20210A polymorphisms were comparable in the two groups, nor were different according to RVO localization or to the age at event. BRVO patients were significantly older (55 +/- 9 vs. 47 +/- 15 years; P = 0.002) and had higher prevalence of diabetes, overweight and hypertension (29.2 vs. 8.1%; 83.3 vs. 58.1%, 79.2 vs. 56.5%; P always <0.05). In 58/90 (64%) patients for whom clinical follow-up was available, new vascular events were recorded (coronary/cerebral, n = 38); only 22 patients (24%) received long-term antiplatelet agents (mostly aspirin 100 mg/d), with lower, but not statistically significant, prevalence of overall vascular recurrence (45.4 vs. 70.6%, P = 0.06). High rate of vascular recurrence is shown in patients with previous RVO, in which conventional cardiovascular risk factors play a major role, especially in BRVO and in older patients.
authors.affiliation: Regional Reference Centre for Coagulation Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Capua
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: Rosina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Albisinni
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tufano
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guida
authors.forename: Matteo Nicola Dario
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Di Minno
authors.forename: Ferdinando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cirillo
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loffredo
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cerbone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
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