title: Statistical testing of the full-range leadership theory in nursing.
abstract: The aim of this study is to test statistically the structure of the full-range leadership theory in nursing. The data were gathered by postal questionnaires from nurses and nurse leaders working in healthcare organizations in Finland. A follow-up study was performed 1 year later. The sample consisted of 601 nurses and nurse leaders, and the follow-up study had 78 respondents. Theory was tested through structural equation modelling, standard regression analysis and two-way anova. Rewarding transformational leadership seems to promote and passive laissez-faire leadership to reduce willingness to exert extra effort, perceptions of leader effectiveness and satisfaction with the leader. Active management-by-exception seems to reduce willingness to exert extra effort and perception of leader effectiveness. Rewarding transformational leadership remained as a strong explanatory factor of all outcome variables measured 1 year later. The data supported the main structure of the full-range leadership theory, lending support to the universal nature of the theory.
authors.affiliation: Oulu Arc Subregion, Micropolis, Ii, Finland. outi.kanste@oulunkaari.com
authors.forename: Outi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kanste
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kääriäinen
authors.forename: Helvi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kyngäs
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D009729:Nursing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009742:Nursing Theory