title: The molecular mechanisms of cell death in the course of transient ischemia are differentiated in evolutionary distinguished brain structures.
abstract: There is large body of evidence suggesting distinct susceptibility to ischemia in various brain regions. However, the reason for this remains unexplained. Comparative studies of programmed cell death (PCD) pathways indicate their differentiated evolutional origin. The caspase-independent pathway is regarded as an older, whereas the caspase-dependent--as more advanced. In our study we address the question of whether there are any characteristic differences in the activation and course of PCD in phylogenetically and morphologically distinguished brain structures after transient focal ischemia. Using Western blot, we studied changes in expression of caspases: 3, 8, 9, and AIF in the frontoparietal neocortex, archicortex (CA1 and CA2 sectors of the hippocampus) and striatum, during reperfusion after 1 h occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. The caspase and AIF expression were differentiated between the studied structures. The activation of only the caspase-dependent pathway was observed in the neocortex. In the archicortex and striatum both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways were activated, although in the latter the extrinsic apoptotic pathway was not activated. In summary, it is conceivable that structures of different evolutionary origin undergo cell-death processes with the participation of phylogenetically distinguished mechanisms. The previously reported unequal susceptibility to ischemia may co-exist with activation of different cell death pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland.
authors.forename: Grazyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lietzau
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kowiański
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Karwacki
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dziewiatkowski
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Witkowska
authors.forename: Justyna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sidor-Kaczmarek
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moryś
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000235:genetics*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000473:pathology; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D010802:Phylogeny; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020169:Caspases
references.citation: Brain Res Rev. 2007 Apr;54(1):34-66
references.pmid: 17222914
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 2005 Jun 20;487(1):107-18
references.pmid: 15861457
references.citation: Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2006 Oct-Nov;26(7-8):1057-83
references.pmid: 16710759
references.citation: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2004 Apr;24(4):458-66
references.pmid: 15087715
references.citation: Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 2003 Oct;29(5):472-81
references.pmid: 14507339
references.citation: Biochem Soc Trans. 2006 Dec;34(Pt 6):1283-6
references.pmid: 17073802
references.citation: Nature. 1999 Feb 4;397(6718):441-6
references.pmid: 9989411
references.citation: Eur J Neurosci. 2004 Nov;20(10):2541-54
references.pmid: 15548198
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1999 Jul 15;19(14):5932-41
references.pmid: 10407032
references.citation: Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2004 Aug 23;127(1-2):105-14
references.pmid: 15306126
references.citation: Trends Neurosci. 1999 Sep;22(9):391-7
references.pmid: 10441299
references.citation: Cell Death Differ. 1999 Jun;6(6):516-24
references.pmid: 10381654
references.citation: Stroke. 2004 Sep;35(9):2189-94
references.pmid: 15256676
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 2004 Feb 9;469(3):325-39
references.pmid: 14730585
references.citation: Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2001 Apr 18;89(1-2):133-46
references.pmid: 11311984
references.citation: Brain. 2001 Jan;124(Pt 1):20-9
references.pmid: 11133784
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1998 Jul 1;18(13):4914-28
references.pmid: 9634557
references.citation: Biochimie. 2002 Feb-Mar;84(2-3):215-22
references.pmid: 12022952
references.citation: Stroke. 1986 May-Jun;17(3):472-6
references.pmid: 3715945
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2006 Sep 27;26(39):9956-66
references.pmid: 17005859
references.citation: J Mol Histol. 2007 Aug;38(4):295-302
references.pmid: 17551674
references.citation: Stroke. 2003 Jan;34(1):214-23
references.pmid: 12511777
references.citation: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2003 Apr;27(2):199-214
references.pmid: 12657360
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 2002 Aug 5;158(3):507-17
references.pmid: 12147675
references.citation: Exp Neurol. 2009 Jul;218(1):41-6
references.pmid: 19348795
references.citation: Brain Res Bull. 2005 Sep 15;66(4-6):297-302
references.pmid: 16144605
references.citation: Neurobiol Dis. 2005 Oct;20(1):27-37
references.pmid: 16137564
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2005 Nov 2;25(44):10262-72
references.pmid: 16267234
references.citation: Neurobiol Dis. 2007 Sep;27(3):354-61
references.pmid: 17681771
references.citation: Nat Neurosci. 2002 Dec;5(12):1279-87
references.pmid: 12411960
references.citation: J Neurosci. 1998 May 15;18(10):3659-68
references.pmid: 9570797
references.citation: BMC Genomics. 2007 Oct 15;8:370
references.pmid: 17937787
references.citation: NeuroRx. 2004 Jan;1(1):17-25
references.pmid: 15717004
references.citation: Cerebrovasc Dis. 2006;21 Suppl 2:9-20
references.pmid: 16651810
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2001 Sep 15;21(18):7127-34
references.pmid: 11549723
references.citation: FASEB J. 2000 Apr;14(5):729-39
references.pmid: 10744629
references.citation: Cell Death Differ. 1999 Nov;6(11):1028-42
references.pmid: 10578171
references.citation: Cerebrovasc Dis. 2006;21 Suppl 2:71-9
references.pmid: 16651817
references.citation: Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2000 Jan 10;75(1):143-9
references.pmid: 10648898
references.citation: Brain Res. 2003 Aug 29;982(2):146-55
references.pmid: 12915250
references.citation: Drug Resist Updat. 2005 Jun;8(3):163-70
references.pmid: 15946892
references.citation: Life Sci. 1999;64(13):1099-108
references.pmid: 10210272
references.citation: Brain Res. 2003 Aug 29;982(2):228-40
references.pmid: 12915258
references.citation: Brain Res Bull. 2002 Feb-Mar 1;57(3-4):243-55
references.pmid: 11922968
references.citation: Brain Res Brain Res Protoc. 2004 Apr;13(1):11-7
references.pmid: 15063836
references.citation: Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2001 Oct 29;356(1414):1583-98
references.pmid: 11604125
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 2004 Jan 16;557(1-3):14-20
references.pmid: 14741334
references.citation: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2003 Apr;62(4):329-39
references.pmid: 12722825
references.citation: Neurol Res. 2004 Dec;26(8):835-45
references.pmid: 15727267
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2000 Aug 15;20(16):6063-76
references.pmid: 10934256
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2002;115(1):125-36
references.pmid: 12401327
references.citation: FEBS Lett. 2000 Jul 7;476(3):118-23
references.pmid: 10913597
references.citation: Neurobiol Dis. 2002 Aug;10(3):289-05
references.pmid: 12270691
references.citation: J Immunol Methods. 2002 Jul 1;265(1-2):97-110
references.pmid: 12072181
references.citation: Trends Cell Biol. 2006 May;16(5):264-72
references.pmid: 16621561
references.citation: J Comp Neurol. 2000 Aug 28;424(3):409-38
references.pmid: 10906711
references.citation: ILAR J. 2003;44(2):85-95
references.pmid: 12652003
references.citation: Stroke. 1997 Apr;28(4):866-72
references.pmid: 9099209
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 May 11;96(10):5752-7
references.pmid: 10318956