title: Improving recruitment and retention rates in preventive longitudinal research with adolescent mothers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to understand the risks and protective factors associated with poor health outcomes in adolescent mothers and their children, nurses need to design rigorous longitudinal research. Attrition of subjects can contribute to sampling error. Recruitment and retention efforts need to be optimized.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 4-year longitudinal study with adolescent mothers and their babies, the design for tracking included frequent phone calls, progressive monetary incentives, gifts, and one phone number of an alternative contact.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 97 mother-infant dyads recruited, retention was 54% at 6 months and 38% at final data collection. Successful strategies included persistence in making contacts and utilizing alternative contact numbers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retention rates for this study were low. With today's technology, many additional strategies need to be employed to improve retention rates with adolescent mothers.
authors.affiliation: University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. seed@usfca.edu
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seed
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juarez
authors.forename: Ranya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alnatour
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D040421:Cell Phone; D003144:Communication Barriers; D019260:Expressed Emotion; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D018579:Patient Selection; D011203:Poverty; D011247:Pregnancy; D011253:Pregnancy in Adolescence / Q000523:psychology*; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D012108:Research Personnel / Q000193:education / Q000600:supply & distribution; D035842:Research Subjects / Q000523:psychology*; D015983:Selection Bias