Protein tyrosine phosphatase epsilon regulates integrin-mediated podosome stability in osteoclasts by activating Src.
The nonreceptor isoform of tyrosine phosphatase epsilon (cyt-PTPe) supports osteoclast adhesion and activity in vivo, leading to increased bone mass in female mice lacking PTPe (EKO mice). The structure and organization of the podosomal adhesion structures of EKO osteoclasts are abnormal; the molecular mechanism behind this is unknown. We show here that EKO podosomes are disorganized, unusually stable, and reorganize poorly in response to physical contact. Phosphorylation and activities of Src, Pyk2, and Rac are decreased and Rho activity is increased in EKO osteoclasts, suggesting that integrin signaling is defective in these cells. Integrin activation regulates cyt-PTPe by inducing Src-dependent phosphorylation of cyt-PTPe at Y638. This phosphorylation event is crucial because wild-type-but not Y638F-cyt-PTPe binds and further activates Src and restores normal stability to podosomes in EKO osteoclasts. Increasing Src activity or inhibiting Rho or its downstream effector Rho kinase in EKO osteoclasts rescues their podosomal stability phenotype, indicating that cyt-PTPe affects podosome stability by functioning upstream of these molecules. We conclude that cyt-PTPe participates in a feedback loop that ensures proper Src activation downstream of integrins, thus linking integrin signaling with Src activation and accurate organization and stability of podosomes in osteoclasts.
Granot-Attas
Shira
S
Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Luxenburg
Chen
C
Finkelshtein
Eynat
E
Elson
Ari
A
D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D022081:Cell Surface Extensions / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D005260:Female; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2 / Q000502:physiology; D016023:Integrins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000502:physiology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / Q000502:physiology; D054630:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 4 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D020744:rac GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000502:physiology
D016023:Integrins; D009479:Neuropeptides; C484602:Rac1 protein, mouse; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src); C496053:Ptk2b protein, mouse; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; C098067:Ptpre protein, mouse; D054630:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 4; C526380:RhoA protein, mouse; D020744:rac GTP-Binding Proteins; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein
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