Gene silencing of EXTL2 and EXTL3 as a substrate deprivation therapy for heparan sulphate storing mucopolysaccharidoses.
Neurological pathology is characteristic of the mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) that store heparan sulphate (HS) glycosaminoglycan (gag) and has been proven to be refractory to systemic therapies. Substrate deprivation therapy (SDT) using general inhibitors of gag synthesis improves neurological function in mouse models of MPS, but is not specific to an MPS type. We have investigated RNA interference (RNAi) as a method of targeting SDT to the HS synthesising enzymes, EXTL2 and EXTL3. Multiple shRNA molecules specific to EXTL2 or EXTL3 were designed and validated in a reporter gene assay, with four out of six shRNA constructs reducing expression by over 90%. The three EXTL2-specific shRNA constructs reduced endogenous target gene expression by 68, 32 and 65%, and decreased gag synthesis by 46, 50 and 27%. One EXTL3-specific shRNA construct reduced endogenous target gene expression by 14% and gag synthesis by 39%. Lysosomal gag levels in MPS IIIA and MPS I fibroblasts were also reduced by EXTL2 and EXTL3-specific shRNA. Incorporation of shRNAs into a lentiviral expression system reduced gene expression, and one EXTL2-specific shRNA reduced gag synthesis. These results indicate that deprivation therapy through shRNA-mediated RNAi has potential as a therapy for HS-storing MPSs.
Kaidonis
Xenia
X
Department of Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology (WCH site), North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Liaw
Wan Chin
WC
Roberts
Ainslie Derrick
AD
Ly
Marleesa
M
Anson
Donald
D
Byers
Sharon
S
D002648:Child; D017931:DNA Primers; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000235:genetics; D020868:Gene Silencing; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009083:Mucopolysaccharidoses / Q000235:genetics*; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D014162:Transfection
D017931:DNA Primers; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; D012313:RNA; C110774:EXTL3 protein, human; C110834:EXTL2 protein, human
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