title: Efficacy of topical cyclosporine A in the treatment of severe trachomatous dry eye.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of topical cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment in patients with severe trachomatous dry eye.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four severe trachomatous dry eye patients who had undergone Schirmer testing with topical anaesthetic measured 5 mm or less and a tear film break-up time (TFBUT) of 5 s or less were included in the study. Thirty-two patients were treated with CsA 0.05% ophthalmic emulsion twice daily and concomitant five times daily non-preserved artificial tear, and the other 32 patients who were designated as the control group received vehicle emulsion twice daily and non-preserved artificial tear five times daily. Pretreatment and post-treatment evaluations included subjective assessment of the patients (total symptoms scores and ocular surface disease index [OSDI] scores), Schirmer testing with topical anaesthesia, TFBUT, rose Bengal and fluorescein staining scores, conjunctival impression cytological scoring and goblet cell counting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following 6 months of CsA treatment, the differences between the pretreatment and post-treatment test results including total symptoms scores and OSDI scores, the rose Bengal and fluorescein staining scores, TFBUT values, and the Schirmer testing measurements were found to be statistically significant. Impression cytology also showed improvement of squamous metaplasia in 26 patients (81.25%) and increase in goblet cell density in 23 patients (71.88%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topical CsA was effective in the treatment of severe trachomatous dry eye, yielding improvements in both objective and subjective measurements with a safety profile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Harran University School of Medicine, Sanliurfa, Turkey. mustafaguzeymd@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guzey
authors.forename: Suleyman Korhan
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Satici
authors.forename: Ilyas
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ozardali
authors.forename: Sezgin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sezer
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002452:Cell Count; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism; D014141:Trachoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D016572:Cyclosporine