title: Iterative reconstruction technique for reducing body radiation dose at CT: feasibility study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the image noise, low-contrast resolution, image quality, and spatial resolution of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction in low-dose body CT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction was used to scan the American College of Radiology phantom at the American College of Radiology reference value and at one-half that value (12.5 mGy). Test objects in low- and high-contrast and uniformity modules were evaluated. Low-dose CT with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction was then tested on 12 patients (seven men, five women; average age, 67.5 years) who had previously undergone routine-dose CT. Two radiologists blinded to scanning technique evaluated images of the same patients obtained with routine-dose CT and low-dose CT with and without adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction. Image noise, low-contrast resolution, image quality, and spatial resolution were graded on a scale of 1 (best) to 4 (worst). Quantitative noise measurements were made on clinical images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the phantom, low- and high-contrast and uniformity assessments showed no significant difference between routine-dose imaging and low-dose CT with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction. In patients, low-dose CT with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction was associated with CT dose index reductions of 32-65% compared with routine imaging and had the least noise both quantitatively and qualitatively (p < 0.05). Low-dose CT with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction and routine-dose CT had identical results for low-contrast resolution and nearly identical results for overall image quality (grade 2.1-2.2). Spatial resolution was better with routine-dose CT (p = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary results support body CT dose index reductions of 32-65% when adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction is used. Studies with larger statistical samples are needed to confirm these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA.
authors.forename: Amy K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Paden
authors.forename: Alvin C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kujak
authors.forename: Holly J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lawder
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pavlicek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*