title: Heterologous production of human papillomavirus type-16 L1 protein by a lactic acid bacterium.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The expression of vaccine antigens in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is a safe and cost-effective alternative to traditional expression systems. In this study, we investigated i) the expression of Human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) L1 major capsid protein in the model LAB Lactococcus lactis and ii) the ability of the resulting recombinant strain to produce either capsomer-or virus-like particles (VLPs).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPV-16 L1 gene was cloned into two vectors, pCYT and pSEC, designed for controlled intra- or extracellular heterologous expression in L. lactis, respectively. The capacity of L. lactis harboring either pCYT:L1 or pSEC:L1 plasmid to accumulate L1 in the cytoplasm and supernatant samples was confirmed by Western blot assays. Electron microscopy analysis suggests that, L1 protein produced by recombinant lactococci can self-assemble into structures morphologically similar to VLPs intracellularly. The presence of conformational epitopes on the L. lactis-derived VLPs was confirmed by ELISA using an anti-HPV16 L1 capsid antigen antibody. Our results support the feasibility of using recombinant food-grade LAB, such as L. lactis, for the production of L1-based VLPs and open the possibility for the development of a new safe mucosal vector for HPV-16 prophylactic vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Equipe Interactions des bactéries commensales et probiotiques avec l'hôte, Unité d'Ecologie et physiologie du Système Digestif, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France. naima.cortes-perez@jouy.inra.fr
authors.forename: Naima G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Cortes-Perez
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kharrat
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Langella
authors.forename: Luis G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Bermúdez-Humarán
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