Toll-like receptors in Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the formation of insoluble deposits of beta-amyloid (Abeta) within the parenchyma of the brain. These deposits are associated with a robust microglia-mediated inflammatory response. Recent work has demonstrated that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) participate in this inflammatory response. This chapter reviews the mechanisms whereby TLRs contribute to the induction of a microglial inflammatory response to promote AD pathogenesis. Specifically, the involvement of CD14 and the TLRs in microglial activation is delineated. The TLR-mediated microglial response has beneficial roles in stimulating phagocytosis as well as detrimental roles in the Abeta-stimulated release of neurotoxic products.
Landreth
Gary E
GE
Alzheimer Research Laboratory, Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA, gel2@case.edu
Reed-Geaghan
Erin G
EG
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology*
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
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