title: Radial overgrowth after radial shortening osteotomies for skeletally immature patients with Kienböck's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that radial shortening osteotomy (radial shortening) for skeletally immature patients with Kienböck's disease would induce overgrowth of the radius. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of radial shortening on radial growth in skeletally immature patients with Kienböck's disease and to clarify the relationship between the postoperative growth alterations and the clinical results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight wrists of 8 skeletally immature patients with Kienböck's disease were treated with radial shortening. There were 3 boys and 5 girls, ranging in age from 11 to 18 (mean, 14) years old. All patients presented with open physis and negative ulnar variance. The length of the radial shortening equaled the amount of negative ulnar variance. Clinical assessment was based on the modified Nakamura scoring system. Radiographic assessment, including Lichtman's stages, ulnar variance, carpal height ratio, radial inclination, and volar tilt, was performed before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at follow-up. A difference in ulnar variance of more than 2 mm between these 3 measurements was considered to be overgrowth. Statistical comparisons were performed using paired t-tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At a mean follow-up period of 69 months, the mean clinical score was 19.7 of 21 maximum points, with all wrists rated as excellent. Radiographically, no progression of Lichtman stage was found in any patient. At follow-up, the x-ray and magnetic resonance imaging findings indicated lunate revascularization in all patients. Four of the 8 had overgrowth in the operated radius. On the other hand, other radiographic parameters showed no significant changes at follow-up. The occurrence of postoperative radial overgrowth did not notably affect the clinical scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current results suggest the probability of overgrowth of the radius in skeletally immature patients with Kienböck's disease treated with radial shortening. The postoperative radial overgrowth after this osteotomy had no effect on clinical and other radiographic outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuhashi
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oizumi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minami
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology; D002348:Carpal Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development; D002648:Child; D004413:Dysostoses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011859:Radiography; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome