title: Differentiation of Staphylococcus aureus strains by CE, zeta potential and coagulase gene polymorphism.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of infection in both hospitals and the community, and it is becoming increasingly virulent and resistant to antibiotics. Possibilities of fast, sensitive and cheap determination of these pathogenic bacteria are extremely important in antimicrobial therapy. In the present study, CE with chemically modified capillary and zeta potential measurements were used for differentiation of three different clinical strains of S. aureus. The data presented in this contribution suggested that electrophoretic behavior and the values of zeta potential should be very useful in distinguishing between closely related strains, which exhibited coagulase gene/protein polymorphism. Understanding the differences between S. aureus strains could help to improve our knowledge about S. aureus pathogenecity and to monitor for and respond to emergence of more virulent strains.
authors.affiliation: Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kłodzińska
authors.affiliation: Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szumski
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hrynkiewicz
authors.affiliation: Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Ewelina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dziubakiewicz
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jackowski
authors.affiliation: Chair of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
authors.forename: Bogusław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Buszewski
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003030:Coagulase / Q000235:genetics*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D003030:Coagulase
references.citation: Sibbald, M. J. J. B., Ziebandt, A. K., Engelmann, S., Hecker, M., de Jong, A., Harmsen, H. J. M., Raangs, G. C. et al., Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2006, 70, 755-788.
references.citation: Loeb, L., J. Med. Res. 1993, 10, 407-419.
references.citation: Kanemitsu, K., Yamamoto, H., Takemura, H., Kaku, M., Shimada, J., Microbiol. Immunol. 2001, 45, 23-27.
references.citation: Kaida, S., Miyata, T., Yoshizawa, Y., Igarashi, H., Iwanaga, S., Nucleic Acids Res. 1989, 17, 8871-8871.
references.citation: Phonimdaeng, P., O'Reilly, M., Nowlan, P., Bramley, A. J., Foster, T. J., Mol. Microbiol. 1990, 4, 393-404.
references.citation: Goh, S. H., Byrne, S. K., Zhang, J. L., Chow, A. W., J. Clin. Microbiol. 1992, 30, 1642-1645.
references.citation: Hausler, W. J. J., Herrman, K. L., Isenberg, H. D., Shadomy H. J. (Eds.), Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 5th Edn, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC 1991.
references.citation: Maslow, J. N., Mulligan, M. E., Arbeit, R. D., Clin. Infect. Dis. 1993, 17, 153-164.
references.citation: Buszewski, B., Szumski, M., Kłodzinska, E., Dahm, H., J. Sep. Sci. 2003, 26, 1045-1049.
references.citation: Buszewski, B., Kłodzińska, E., Dahm, H., Różycki, H., Szeliga, J., Jackowski, M., Biomed. Chromatogr. 2007, 21, 116-122.
references.citation: Kłodzińska, E., Dahm, H., Różycki, H., Szeliga, J., Jackowski, M., Buszewski, B., J. Sep. Sci. 2006, 29, 1180-1187.
references.citation: Kłodzińska, E., Buszewski, B. A., Anal. Chem. 2009, 81, 8-15.
references.citation: Hrynkiewicz, K., Kłodzińska, E., Dahm, H., Szeliga, J., Jackowski, M., Buszewski, B., FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 2008, 286, 1-8.
references.citation: Altschul, S. F., Madden, T. L., Schaffer, A. A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Miller, W., Lipman, D. J., Nucleic Acids Res. 1997, 25, 3389-3402.
references.citation: Swofford, D. L., PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods) version 4b10, Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA 2002.
references.citation: Saitou, N., Nei, M., Mol. Biol. Evol. 1987, 4, 406-425.
references.citation: Kimura, M., J. Mol. Evol. 1980, 16, 111-120.
references.citation: Felsenstein, J., Evolution 1985, 39, 783-791.
references.citation: Horká, M., Horký, J., Matousková, H., Slais, K., J. Chromatogr. A 2009, 1216, 1019-1024.
references.citation: Horká, M., Kubícek, O., Ruzicka, F., Holá, V., Malinovská, I., Slais, K., J. Chromatogr. A 2007, 1155, 164-171.
references.citation: Horká, M., Ruzicka, F., Holá, V., Slais, K., Electrophoresis 2005, 26, 548-555.
references.citation: Horká, M., Ruzicka, F., Horký, J., Holá, V., Slais, K., J. Chromatogr. B 2006, 841, 152-159.
references.citation: Horká, M., Růžička, F., Holá, V., Šlais, K., Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2006, 385, 840-846.
references.citation: Salemi, M., Vandamme, A.-M., The Phylogenetic Handbook. A Practical Approach to DNA and Protein Phylogeny, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK 2003.
references.citation: Watanabe, S., Ito, T., Takeuchi, F., Endo, M., Okuno, E., Hiramatsu, K., J. Bacteriol. 2005, 187, 3698-3707.
references.citation: Berglund, C., Ito, T., Ma, X. X., Ikeda, M., Watanabe, S., Soderquist, B., Hiramatsu, K., J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 2009, 63, 32-41.
references.citation: Cheung, A. I., Projan, S. J., Edelstein, R. E., Fischetti, V. A., Infect. Immun. 1995, 63, 1914-1920.