title: Factors associated with variability in response of diabetic macular oedema after intravitreal triamcinolone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors associated with variability in anatomical and functional response of diabetic macular oedema (DMO) after 4 mg of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (ivTA), and for recurrence of macular oedema.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pooled analysis of individual data from two randomized controlled trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a multicentre study involving 107 eyes with DMO administered 4 mg ivTA. Predictive factors for response to treatment were evaluated with linear regression analysis. Factors associated with time to recurrence of oedema were studied with Cox proportional hazards modelling. Main outcome measures were maximum improvement in optical coherence tomography (OCT)-measured central foveal thickness (CFT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), final CFT and BCVA at 12 months and time to oedema recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Greater reduction of retinal thickening occurred in eyes with worse baseline thickening (P < 0.001). There was also greater improvement of visual acuity in eyes with poorer preoperative BCVA levels (P < 0.001). Age, duration of oedema and previous macular laser treatment had no significant effect on maximal BCVA or CFT improvement. Eyes given 4 mg triamcinolone alone were more likely to develop recurrence of oedema at 12 months than those given a combination of 4 mg triamcinolone plus sequential laser (hazard ratio 2.60 [95% confidence interval: 1.45-4.67]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Baseline OCT-measured retinal thickening and BCVA are important predictors of maximal anatomical and functional response of DMO to ivTA, respectively. Combination treatment strategy using sequential laser therapy may have a role in delaying recurrence of oedema after triamcinolone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Shaheeda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Gabriel M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Carmen K M
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Timothy Y Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Vincent Y W
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: David T L
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kenneth K W
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Patrick S H
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dennis S C
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005584:Fovea Centralis / Q000473:pathology*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide