Cytokine determinants of viral tropism.
The specificity of a given virus for a cell type, tissue or species - collectively known as viral tropism - is an important factor in determining the outcome of viral infection in any particular host. Owing to the increased prevalence of zoonotic infections and the threat of emerging and re-emerging pathogens, gaining a better understanding of the factors that determine viral tropism has become particularly important. In this Review, we summarize our current understanding of the central role of antiviral and pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly the interferons and tumour necrosis factor, in dictating viral tropism and how these cytokine pathways can be exploited therapeutically for cancer treatment and to better counter future threats from emerging zoonotic pathogens.
McFadden
Grant
G
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Academic Research Building, Room R4-295, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA. grantmcf@ufl.edu
Mohamed
Mohamed R
MR
Rahman
Masmudur M
MM
Bartee
Eric
E
D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D050130:Oncolytic Virotherapy; D018523:Tropism / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007372:Interferons
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