title: Oxidative stress in brain according to traumatic brain injury intensity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mechanisms of brain damage and neuroplasticity following traumatic brain injury (TBI) are complex and not completely understood. Thus, we investigated markers of oxidative stress in the central nervous system after mild and severe TBI in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male wistar rats (five animals per group) submitted to mild (mTBI group) or severe TBI (sTBI Group) were sacrificed 30 min, 3, 6, or 12 h after the injury to quantify markers of oxidative damage in different brain regions. Levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species and protein carbonyl in the cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum of mTBI and sTBI groups were compared with the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After mTBI, levels of protein oxidation were increased in all analyzed structures in several different times after injury. The increase in TBARS levels was not so consistent in mTBI. In contrast, sTBI did not induce a sustainable increase in oxidative damage markers in all analyzed structures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oxidative damage seemed to be inversely proportional to severity of traumatic brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabricia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petronilho
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Feier
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Cecília
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guglielmi
authors.forename: Larissa S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Constantino
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quevedo
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dal-Pizzol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances