title: Green tea and bone metabolism.
abstract: Osteoporosis is a major health problem in both elderly women and men. Epidemiological evidence has shown an association between tea consumption and the prevention of age-related bone loss in elderly women and men. Ingestion of green tea and green tea bioactive compounds may be beneficial in mitigating bone loss of this population and decreasing their risk of osteoporotic fractures. This review describes the effect of green tea or its bioactive components on bone health, with an emphasis on (i) the prevalence and etiology of osteoporosis; (ii) the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in osteoporosis; (iii) green tea composition and bioavailability; (iv) the effects of green tea and its active components on osteogenesis, osteoblastogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis from human epidemiological, animal, as well as cell culture studies; (v) possible mechanisms explaining the osteoprotective effects of green tea bioactive compounds; (vi) other bioactive components in tea that benefit bone health; and (vii) a summary and future direction of green tea and bone health research and the translational aspects. In general, tea and its bioactive components might decrease the risk of fracture by improving bone mineral density and supporting osteoblastic activities while suppressing osteoclastic activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430-9097, USA. leslie.shen@ttuhsc.edu
authors.forename: Chwan-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: James K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Jay J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Jia-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013662:Tea
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013662:Tea
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