Dietary patterns and glucose tolerance abnormalities in Chinese adults.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the association of the dietary pattern with the presence of newly diagnosed glucose tolerance abnormalities among Chinese adults.


METHODS
A total of 20,210 adults aged 45-69 years from the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey were included. Information on dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to identify the food factors and dietary pattern clusters.


RESULTS
Four dietary pattern clusters were identified ("Green Water," "Yellow Earth," "Western Adopter," and "New Affluence"). The prevalence of glucose tolerance abnormalities ranged from 3.9% in the Green Water to 8.0% in the New Affluence. After adjustment for area, age, sex, current smoking, and physical activity, subjects in the Yellow Earth cluster (prevalence ratio 1.22 [95% CI 1.04-1.43]) and New Affluence cluster (2.05 [1.76-2.37]) had significantly higher prevalence rates compared with those for the Green Water cluster. After further adjustment for BMI and waist-to-height ratio, the elevated risk in the New Affluence remained statistically significant.


CONCLUSIONS
Dietary patterns and food factors are associated with the presence of glucose tolerance abnormalities in China, even independent of obesity. A New Affluence diet is an important modifiable risk factor, which needs attention from the prevention point of view.
He
Yuna
Y
National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China. yunahe@infh.ac.cn
Ma
Guansheng
G
Zhai
Fengying
F
Li
Yanping
Y
Hu
Yisong
Y
Feskens
Edith J M
EJ
Yang
Xiaoguang
X
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004032:Diet; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D055105:Waist Circumference
Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Aug;80(2):348-56
15277155
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2006 Jul;40(4):273-80
17097008
Biomed Pharmacother. 2003 Mar;57(2):84-7
12842493
Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Feb 1;161(3):219-27
15671254
Diabetes Care. 1995 Aug;18(8):1104-12
7587845
Public Health Nutr. 2009 Aug;12(8):1078-84
18986591
Diabetes Care. 2002 Mar;25(3):417-24
11874924
Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 May;77(5):1156-63
12716666
Prev Med. 2007 Apr;44(4):335-40
17350085
Arch Intern Med. 2004 Nov 8;164(20):2235-40
15534160
Ann Intern Med. 2002  Feb 5;136(3):201-9
11827496
Diabetes Care. 2006 Oct;29(10):2238-43
17003299
J Nutr. 2003 Nov;133(11 Suppl 2):3898S-3906S
14672288
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2005 Mar;59(3):441-8
15674312
Am J Clin Nutr. 2001 Jun;73(6):1019-26
11382654
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2002 Jul;56(7):542-8
12080164
Diabetologia. 2001 Jul;44(7):805-17
11508264
BMC Med Res Methodol. 2003 Oct 20;3:21
14567763
Arch Intern Med. 2007 Nov 26;167(21):2310-6
18039989
Diabetes Care. 1998 Sep;21(9):1414-31
9727886
J Nutr. 2006 May;136(5):1352-8
16614429