title: Body composition alterations, energy expenditure and fat oxidation in elderly males suffering from prostate cancer, pre and post orchiectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Testosterone is needed for normal male development, muscle strength, bone mineralization, hematopoietic function, and sexual and reproductive functions. The main purpose of androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer is to reduce tumor progression, but therapy is often accompanied by significant adverse effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to determine the effects of androgen deprivation therapy on body composition and resting metabolic rate in patients with prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was performed to evaluate the body composition of 16 elderly males (aged 63-96; median age 71) with prostate cancer scheduled for orchiectomy, one year before and after surgery. Body composition was measured by DEXA, and energy expenditure, fat and carbohydrate oxidation were measured by indirect calorimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Body weight (p=0.01), lean mass (p=0.004), and lipid oxidation (p=0.001) decreased significantly. Carbohydrate oxidation (p=0.02), FSH (p=0.0001) and LH (p=0.0001) levels increased significantly. Changes in fat mass (p=0.06) and bone mineral density (p=0.48) were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After 12 months of androgen deprivation therapy, elderly men with metastatic prostate cancer exhibit a decline in lean body mass and lipid oxidation, together with increased carbohydrate oxidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric and Gerontology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Department of Urology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil. vitalita@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Cristiana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liberman
authors.forename: Antonio Carlos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pompeo
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srougi
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Halpern
authors.forename: Wilson Jacob
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Filho
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
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