title: Association between anthropometric indicators of body fat and metabolic risk markers in post-menopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to evaluate anthropometric indicators of body fat and their association with metabolic risk markers in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study with 80 Brazilian women (40-70 years) was carried out. Body mass index (BMI = weight/height(2)), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were obtained for anthropometric evaluation. Trunk fat mass (TFM) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The following metabolic variables were evaluated: total cholesterol (TC), HDL, LDL, triglycerides (TG), as well as glycemia and insulin to determine insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overweight and obesity were observed in 81% of the women. Values of WC >88 cm were observed in 68.5% of the women. On average, TC, LDL and TG levels were above normal levels in 60, 50 and 42.5% of the women, respectively; and HDL was normal in 82.5%. IR was observed in 37.5% of the women. Positive correlations were found between anthropometric indicators and TFM (P < 0.05). WC was most correlated with TFM (r = 0.92), followed by BMI (r = 0.88) and by WHR (r = 0.48; P < 0.05). All anthropometric indicators and TFM showed significant negative correlations with HDL and significant positive correlations with HOMA-IR (P < 0.05). Only WHR was significantly associated with dysglycemia (R(2) = 12%), hypertriglyceridemia (R(2) = 17%) and decreased HDL (R(2) = 27%). WC was significantly associated with HOMA-IR (R(2) = 34%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  WC and WHR are anthropometric measures that showed strong correlation with TFM and with metabolic risk markers in postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, UNESP, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio Lera
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Orsatti
authors.forename: Eliana Aguiar Petri
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Nahas
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nahas-Neto
authors.forename: Nailza
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maesta
authors.forename: Claudio Lera
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Orsatti
authors.forename: Heloisa De Luca
authors.initials: Hde L
authors.lastname: Vespoli
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Traiman
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids