title: Nuclear receptor regulation of stemness and stem cell differentiation.
abstract: Stem cells include a diverse number of toti-, pluri-, and multi-potent cells that play important roles in cellular genesis and differentiation, tissue development, and organogenesis. Genetic regulation involving various transcription factors results in the self-renewal and differentiation properties of stem cells. The nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily is composed of 48 ligand-activated transcription factors involved in diverse physiological functions such as metabolism, development, and reproduction. Increasing evidence shows that certain NRs function in regulating stemness or differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells and tissue-specific adult stem cells. Here, we review the role of the NR superfamily in various aspects of stem cell biology, including their regulation of stemness, forward- and trans-differentiation events; reprogramming of terminally differentiated cells; and interspecies differences. These studies provide insights into the therapeutic potential of the NR superfamily in stem cell therapy and in treating stem cell-associated diseases (e.g., cancer stem cell).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Texas 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Yangsik
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Mangelsdorf
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Oct 23;455(7216):1124-8
references.pmid: 18806776
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2008 Sep 5;283(36):24290-4
references.pmid: 18622018
references.citation: Dev Biol. 1991 Jan;143(1):130-4
references.pmid: 1845863
references.citation: Nature. 1997 Aug 21;388(6644):778-82
references.pmid: 9285590
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2006 Nov;147(11):5284-93
references.pmid: 16873539
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):766-70
references.pmid: 19252478
references.citation: Mol Endocrinol. 2004 Nov;18(11):2714-26
references.pmid: 15297607
references.citation: Nature. 2007 Jul 19;448(7151):313-7
references.pmid: 17554338
references.citation: J Anim Sci. 2006 Oct;84(10):2655-65
references.pmid: 16971566
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 16;104(42):16438-43
references.pmid: 17940043
references.citation: Bull Assoc Anat (Nancy). 1981 Jun;65(189):141-236
references.pmid: 7030433
references.citation: Cell. 2007 Oct 19;131(2):405-18
references.pmid: 17956739
references.citation: Nature. 2004 Jan 1;427(6969):78-83
references.pmid: 14702088
references.citation: J Cell Biochem. 2009 Feb 1;106(2):232-46
references.pmid: 19115254
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2004 May 15;269(2):360-80
references.pmid: 15110706
references.citation: Cell. 2009 Feb 6;136(3):411-9
references.pmid: 19203577
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2009 Apr 15;328(2):456-71
references.pmid: 19217899
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Jan 10;451(7175):141-6
references.pmid: 18157115
references.citation: Cell. 2006 Aug 25;126(4):663-76
references.pmid: 16904174
references.citation: Science. 2000 Aug 11;289(5481):950-3
references.pmid: 10937998
references.citation: Cell. 2008 Mar 21;132(6):1049-61
references.pmid: 18358816
references.citation: Cell Metab. 2007 Aug;6(2):137-43
references.pmid: 17681149
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Oct;25(19):8507-19
references.pmid: 16166633
references.citation: Mol Endocrinol. 2009 Feb;23(2):188-201
references.pmid: 19106195
references.citation: Science. 2009 May 8;324(5928):797-801
references.pmid: 19325077
references.citation: Cell. 1995 Dec 15;83(6):835-9
references.pmid: 8521507
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2006 Dec;116(12):3220-8
references.pmid: 17143331
references.citation: Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Jul 18;372(1):91-6
references.pmid: 18471437
references.citation: J Cell Biochem. 2007 May 1;101(1):80-8
references.pmid: 17212358
references.citation: Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2008 Dec 16;296(1-2):32-40
references.pmid: 18801408
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2005 May;25(9):3492-505
references.pmid: 15831456
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2004 Mar;113(6):846-55
references.pmid: 15067317
references.citation: Curr Biol. 2008 Jun 24;18(12):890-4
references.pmid: 18501604
references.citation: Stem Cells. 2007 Oct;25(10):2460-8
references.pmid: 17615267
references.citation: Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2009 Apr;20(3):107-14
references.pmid: 19269847
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2006 May 15;203(5):1283-93
references.pmid: 16682494
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Feb 21;451(7181):1004-7
references.pmid: 18235445
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Aug 12;105(32):11424-9
references.pmid: 18682553
references.citation: Blood. 2009 May 28;113(22):5476-9
references.pmid: 19299331
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2006 Apr 21;281(16):11205-13
references.pmid: 16467308
references.citation: Mol Endocrinol. 2008 Dec;22(12):2596-608
references.pmid: 18945812
references.citation: Cell. 2006 Aug 25;126(4):789-99
references.pmid: 16923397
references.citation: Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2008 Jan;65(1):43-53
references.pmid: 17644000
references.citation: Development. 1995 Mar;121(3):839-53
references.pmid: 7720587
references.citation: Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Feb;32(2):388-92
references.pmid: 18071346
references.citation: Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Oct;19(10):2437-50
references.pmid: 16051663
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2006 Dec;116(12):3150-9
references.pmid: 17099775
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2006 Jan;147(1):141-54
references.pmid: 16210377
references.citation: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2006 May;290(5):E916-24
references.pmid: 16368784
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2008 Dec 19;283(51):35825-33
references.pmid: 18957414
references.citation: Neuroendocrinology. 2005;81(4):244-53
references.pmid: 16113586
references.citation: J Neuroendocrinol. 2006 Aug;18(8):629-31
references.pmid: 16867184
references.citation: Cell Res. 2009 Feb;19(2):156-72
references.pmid: 19153598
references.citation: Mol Cell Neurosci. 2008 Dec;39(4):592-604
references.pmid: 18822380
references.citation: Nat Cell Biol. 2009 Feb;11(2):197-203
references.pmid: 19136965
references.citation: Science. 2008 Oct 24;322(5901):583-6
references.pmid: 18801968
references.citation: Science. 2002 Sep 27;297(5590):2256-9
references.pmid: 12215650
references.citation: Placenta. 2007 Apr;28 Suppl A:S41-7
references.pmid: 17196252
references.citation: Cell Metab. 2009 Jan 7;9(1):77-87
references.pmid: 19117548
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2009 Feb 18;29(7):2113-24
references.pmid: 19228964
references.citation: J Neurosci Res. 2005 Feb 1;79(3):279-86
references.pmid: 15614791
references.citation: Science. 2008 Aug 1;321(5889):699-702
references.pmid: 18276851
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2006 May 17;26(20):5402-10
references.pmid: 16707792
references.citation: Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2007 Jan;14(1):68-75
references.pmid: 17187077
references.citation: Stem Cells. 2006 Jun;24(6):1594-604
references.pmid: 16556707
references.citation: Genes Dev. 1994 May 15;8(10):1224-34
references.pmid: 7926726
references.citation: Science. 2009 Mar 20;323(5921):1564-5
references.pmid: 19299604
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2008 Jul;9(7):541-53
references.pmid: 18542081
references.citation: Cell. 2008 Sep 19;134(6):921-31
references.pmid: 18805086
references.citation: Stem Cells. 2006 Jun;24(6):1487-95
references.pmid: 16469821
references.citation: Science. 2008 Nov 7;322(5903):945-9
references.pmid: 18818365
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2008 Sep 15;22(18):2473-8
references.pmid: 18794344
references.citation: PPAR Res. 2007;2007:61563
references.pmid: 18274628
references.citation: Pharmacol Rev. 2006 Dec;58(4):685-704
references.pmid: 17132848
references.citation: Hippocampus. 2008;18(8):785-92
references.pmid: 18493951
references.citation: Cardiovasc Res. 2007 Aug 1;75(3):519-29
references.pmid: 17543901
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Dec;24(24):10835-43
references.pmid: 15572686
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Feb 27;98(5):2792-6
references.pmid: 11226319
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Feb 19;105(7):2421-6
references.pmid: 18250317
references.citation: Mol Cell Neurosci. 2005 Jul;29(3):414-26
references.pmid: 15950154
references.citation: Nature. 2006 Nov 16;444(7117):364-8
references.pmid: 17093407
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 1996 Jan;11(1):22-8
references.pmid: 8770693
references.citation: Nature. 2007 Nov 15;450(7168):415-9
references.pmid: 17928865
references.citation: Cytotherapy. 2007;9(7):667-81
references.pmid: 17917885
references.citation: Stem Cells Dev. 2009 Apr;18(3):457-63
references.pmid: 18690793
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2003 Nov;144(11):5081-8
references.pmid: 12960001
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2006 May 5;281(18):12673-81
references.pmid: 16524877
references.citation: Nat Med. 2007 Dec;13(12):1496-503
references.pmid: 18059282
references.citation: Mol Endocrinol. 2008 Jan;22(1):56-64
references.pmid: 17901127
references.citation: Cell. 2007 Nov 30;131(5):861-72
references.pmid: 18035408
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 1998 Dec 1;26(23):5501-10
references.pmid: 9826778
references.citation: Cell Stem Cell. 2008 Dec 4;3(6):591-4
references.pmid: 19041775
references.citation: Exp Cell Res. 2003 Aug 1;288(1):168-76
references.pmid: 12878168
references.citation: FASEB J. 2005 May;19(7):863-5
references.pmid: 15728663
references.citation: Mol Cell Neurosci. 2002 Nov;21(3):512-20
references.pmid: 12498791
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2004 Oct;2(10):e294
references.pmid: 15328533
references.citation: Dev Cell. 2007 Sep;13(3):325-37
references.pmid: 17765677
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2006 May 1;293(1):13-24
references.pmid: 16530751
references.citation: Nature. 2009 Apr 9;458(7239):771-5
references.pmid: 19252477
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2003 Dec 15;17(24):3036-47
references.pmid: 14681209
references.citation: Dev Biol. 2009 Feb 15;326(2):305-13
references.pmid: 19100254
references.citation: Exp Cell Res. 2004 Jul 15;297(2):424-33
references.pmid: 15212945
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2006 Jun 15;119(Pt 12):2613-2620
references.pmid: 16763196
references.citation: Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Oct;28(19):5986-95
references.pmid: 18662995
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Aug 21;454(7207):961-7
references.pmid: 18719582
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 23;277(34):30998-1004
references.pmid: 12055200
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Oct 10;92(21):9856-60
references.pmid: 7568232
references.citation: Mol Endocrinol. 2009 May;23(5):724-33
references.pmid: 19196830
references.citation: Genes Dev. 2001 Apr 1;15(7):833-8
references.pmid: 11297507
references.citation: Development. 2009 Feb;136(4):531-40
references.pmid: 19144721
references.citation: Stem Cells. 2008 Jan;26(1):17-29
references.pmid: 17916804
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2009 Mar;150(3):1259-68
references.pmid: 18948405
references.citation: Cell Tissue Res. 2004 Oct;318(1):45-52
references.pmid: 15340833