Memory T-cell responses to Vibrio cholerae O1 infection.
Vibrio cholerae O1 can cause diarrheal disease that may be life-threatening without treatment. Natural infection results in long-lasting protective immunity, but the role of T cells in this immune response has not been well characterized. In contrast, robust B-cell responses to V. cholerae infection have been observed. In particular, memory B-cell responses to T-cell-dependent antigens persist for at least 1 year, whereas responses to lipopolysaccharide, a T-cell-independent antigen, wane more rapidly after infection. We hypothesize that protective immunity is mediated by anamnestic responses of memory B cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue, and T-cell responses may be required to generate and maintain durable memory B-cell responses. In this study, we examined B- and T-cell responses in patients with severe V. cholerae infection. Using the flow cytometric assay of the specific cell-mediated immune response in activated whole blood, we measured antigen-specific T-cell responses using V. cholerae antigens, including the toxin-coregulated pilus (TcpA), a V. cholerae membrane preparation, and the V. cholerae cytolysin/hemolysin (VCC) protein. Our results show that memory T-cell responses develop by day 7 after infection, a time prior to and concurrent with the development of B-cell responses. This suggests that T-cell responses to V. cholerae antigens may be important for the generation and stability of memory B-cell responses. The T-cell proliferative response to VCC was of a higher magnitude than responses observed to other V. cholerae antigens.
Weil
Ana A
AA
International Centre for Diarrheal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Arifuzzaman
Mohammad
M
Bhuiyan
Taufiqur R
TR
LaRocque
Regina C
RC
Harris
Aaron M
AM
Kendall
Emily A
EA
Hossain
Azim
A
Tarique
Abdullah A
AA
Sheikh
Alaullah
A
Chowdhury
Fahima
F
Khan
Ashraful I
AI
Murshed
Farhan
F
Parker
Kenneth C
KC
Banerjee
Kalyan K
KK
Ryan
Edward T
ET
Harris
Jason B
JB
Qadri
Firdausi
F
Calderwood
Stephen B
SB
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002771:Cholera / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology*; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D041241:Vibrio cholerae O1 / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial
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