title: Marked reduction of early stent thrombosis with pre-hospital initiation of high-dose Tirofiban in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No randomized comparisons are yet available evaluating the effect of pre-hospital high dose tirofiban on the incidence of early stent thrombosis after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this analysis was to evaluate whether routine pre-hospital administration of high-dose tirofiban in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) decreases the incidence of early stent thrombosis after primary PCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Ongoing Tirofiban in Myocardial Evaluation (On-TIME) 2 trial was a prospective multicenter study of consecutive STEMI patients referred for primary PCI in which patients were randomized to pre-hospital no high-dose tirofiban/placebo. We examined the incidence of Academic Research Consortium definite and probable early stent thrombosis and determined predictors and outcome of early stent thrombosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary PCI was performed in 1203 out of 1398 patients (86.1%). In 1073 patients (89.2%) a coronary stent was placed. Early stent thrombosis occurred in 39 patients (3.6%). Pre-hospital initiation of high-dose tirofiban significantly reduced early stent thrombosis (2.1% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.006) and was associated with a lower incidence of urgent repeat PCI (1.9% vs. 5.2%, P = 0.005). Early stent thrombosis, as well as pre-hospital initiation of high-dose tirofiban, was independently associated with 30-day mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-hospital initiation of high-dose tirofiban reduces the 30-day incidence of stent thrombosis in STEMI patients treated with primary PCI and stenting. Early stent thrombosis and pre-hospital initiation of high-dose tirofiban were independent predictors of 30-day mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Medisch Centrum Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: A A C M
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Heestermans
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Van Werkum
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamm
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dill
authors.forename: A T M
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Gosselink
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: De Boer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van Houwelingen
authors.forename: J C A
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hoorntje
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Koopmans
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ten Berg
authors.forename: A W J
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Van 't Hof
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D015607:Stents; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077466:Tirofiban; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014443:Tyrosine; D006493:Heparin; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D000077466:Tirofiban; D013988:Ticlopidine; D001241:Aspirin