title: [Advances in research of ketamine addiction mechanism].
abstract: Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative acting primarily as a noncompetitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) excitatory glutamate receptors. As a common intravenous anaesthetic in clinic, it is also increasingly abused because of its hallucination and addiction effects. Based on the pharmacological and toxicologic characteristics of ketamine and the acknowledged addiction mechanism of other abused drugs, this article reviews the possible addiction mechanism of the ketamine in the aspects of its enhanced effects and reward systems, the anatomic structures, the related receptors and the individual differences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. liuweilisuda@sohu.com
authors.forename: Wei-Li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shi-Zhong
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Zhen-Lun
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Xiao-Gang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zheng-Hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D007649:Ketamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D051381:Rats; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders
chemical_list: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D007649:Ketamine