[Gastrointestinal hormones in food intake control].
The discovery of gut hormones regulating the energy balance has aroused great interest in the scientific community. Some of these hormones modulate appetite and satiety, acting on the hypothalamus or the solitary tract nucleus in the brainstem. In general, the endocrine signals generated in the gut have direct or indirect (through the autonomous nervous system) anorexigenic effects. Only ghrelin, a gastric hormone, has been consistently associated with the initiation of food intake and is regarded as the main orexigenic signal both in animal models and humans. In this review, we provide a brief description of the major gastrointestinal hormones implicated in the regulation of food intake. Given the increased importance of food intake disturbances, especially obesity, a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action of the gastrointestinal hormones might contribute to the development of new molecules that could increase the therapeutic arsenal for treating obesity and its associated comorbidities.
Crespo
Mayte Alvarez
MA
Laboratorio de Endocrinología, Departamento de Biología Funcional y Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, Pontevedra, España.
González Matías
Lucas C
LC
Lozano
Manuel Gil
MG
Paz
Soledad Fontans
SF
Pérez
Marina Romaní
MR
Gago
Eva Vigo
EV
Ferrer
Federico Mallo
FM
D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000502:physiology; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000502:physiology; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology*; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000502:physiology; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000502:physiology*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000502:physiology; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D053772:Oxyntomodulin / Q000502:physiology; D010191:Pancreatic Polypeptide / Q000502:physiology
D004151:Dipeptides; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; D054439:Ghrelin; D053772:Oxyntomodulin; C042696:tyrosyltyrosine; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D010191:Pancreatic Polypeptide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D002766:Cholecystokinin