title: Reproducibility and accuracy of the ICDAS-II for occlusal caries detection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this in vitro study was to assess the inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility and the accuracy of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System-II (ICDAS-II) in detecting occlusal caries.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and sixty-three molars were independently assessed twice by two experienced dentists using the 0- to 6-graded ICDAS-II. The teeth were histologically prepared and classified using two different histological systems [Ekstrand et al. (1997) Caries Research vol. 31, pp. 224-231; Lussi et al. (1999) Caries Research vol. 33, pp. 261-266] and assessed for caries extension. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the ROC curve (A(z)) were obtained at D(2) and D(3) thresholds. Unweighted kappa coefficient was used to assess inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the Ekstrand et al. histological classification the sensitivity was 0.99 and 1.00, specificity 1.00 and 0.69 and accuracy 0.99 and 0.76 at D(2) and D(3), respectively. For the Lussi et al. histological classification the sensitivity was 0.91 and 0.75, specificity 0.47 and 0.62 and accuracy 0.86 and 0.68 at D(2) and D(3), respectively. The A(z) varied from 0.54 to 0.73. The inter- and intra-examiner kappa values were 0.51 and 0.58, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICDAS-II presented good reproducibility and accuracy in detecting occlusal caries, especially caries lesions in the outer half of the enamel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Araraquara, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil. mibdiniz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Michele Baffi
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: Jonas Almeida
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hug
authors.forename: Rita de Cássia Loiola
authors.initials: Rde C
authors.lastname: Cordeiro
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lussi
mesh_terms: D003731:Dental Caries / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003732:Dental Caries Activity Tests / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D015588:Observer Variation; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity