title: Intracellular chloride ions regulate the time course of GABA-mediated inhibitory synaptic transmission.
abstract: The time-dependent integration of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic currents is an important process for shaping the input-output profiles of individual excitable cells, and therefore the activity of neuronal networks. Here, we show that the decay time course of GABAergic inhibitory synaptic currents is considerably faster when recorded with physiological internal Cl(-) concentrations than with symmetrical Cl(-) solutions. This effect of intracellular Cl(-) is due to a direct modulation of the GABA(A) receptor that is independent of the net direction of current flow through the ion channel. As a consequence, the time window during which GABAergic inhibition can counteract coincident excitatory inputs is much shorter, under physiological conditions, than that previously measured using high internal Cl(-). This is expected to have implications for neuronal network excitability and neurodevelopment, and for our understanding of pathological conditions, such as epilepsy and chronic pain, where intracellular Cl(-) concentrations can be altered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Catriona M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Houston
authors.forename: Damian P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Bright
authors.forename: Lucia G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Sivilotti
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beato
authors.forename: Trevor G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Smart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002460:Cell Line; D002712:Chlorides / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D053444:Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000502:physiology*; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
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