title: [Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women].
abstract: Five years after the menopause, we can see the increase in cardiovascular risk due to prolonged deficiency of ovarian hormones. These risks are the same or even more severe than those in men within the same age group. The basic influence of normalizes those disturbances. In 2002. published data from a WHI study show an increase in cardiovascular risk during the first year of hormone replacement therapy with no protective effect. The most recent published data from WHI study show positive effects of hormone replacement therapy, within postmenopausal women younger than 65 years. Those women had significantly reduced calcifications on coronary vessels The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the estrogens can be genomic and non genomic. Estrogens influence endothelia and smooth muscle wall of arterial blood vessels, metabolism of lipoproteins and induce the metabolic syndrome. Hormone replacement therapy partially or completely International Menopause Society proclaim that the hormone replacement therapy can prevent cardiovascular diseases and slow down the progress of atherosclerosis. The aim of ongoing KEEPS is to investigate the preventive effect of the hormone replacement therapy on blood vessels, in early postmenopausal period (women younger than 60 year). This study should be valid enough to define new clinical knowledge about the hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Klinicki centar Vojvodine, Klinika za endokrinologiju, dijabetes i bolesti metabolizma, 21000 Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova. kovaceb@nspoint.net
authors.forename: Branka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kovacev-Zavisić
authors.forename: Tijana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Icin
authors.forename: Nemanja
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kovacev
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017698:Postmenopause; D012307:Risk Factors