title: Analyses of interaction effect between apolipoprotein E polymorphism and alcohol use as well as cholesterol concentrations on spontaneous deep intracerebral hemorrhage in the Taiwan population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine the interaction effect between APOE polymorphism and lipid concentrations and alcohol use on spontaneous deep intracerebral hemorrhage (SDICH) risks.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 217 SDICH patients and 280 controls. Anthropometrics, personal history, and concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), and triglyceride were collected. Genotyping was determined by PCR-based restriction and electrophoresis assay. Associations were tested adjusting for multiple covariables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the commonest genotype epsilon 3 epsilon 3, epsilon 2 epsilon 3 was inversely associated with TC (p=0.023) and LDL-c concentrations (p=0.005) in women. No APOE-alcohol interaction effect on lipids concentration was found. However, in men, there was a marginal effect of interaction between alcohol and APOE genotype epsilon 2 epsilon 3 vs. epsilon 3 epsilon 3 on SDICH risks (p=0.003), which is independent of TC concentration. In the male non-alcohol group, SDICH proportion was lower in the subjects carrying APOE epsilon 2 epsilon 3 (27.6%) than in those with epsilon 3 epsilon 3 (41.1%). In contrast, in the male alcohol consumption group, APOE epsilon 2 epsilon 3 was associated with a higher SDICH rate (77.8%) compared to epsilon 3 epsilon 3 (58.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Male subjects carrying genotype epsilon 2 epsilon 3 tend to have a higher SDICH risk than those who have epsilon 3 epsilon 3 when they have alcohol exposure, but may have more benefit from alcohol abstinence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linkou Medical Center and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Guey-Jen
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lee-Chen
authors.forename: Yih-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Fen-Ju
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hsiu-Chuan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hung-Chou
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Chun-Che
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Shan-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Sien-Tsong
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chiung-Mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D002784:Cholesterol