Anti-diabetic properties of three common Bidens pilosa variants in Taiwan.
Bidens pilosa L. var. radiata (BPR), B. pilosa L. var. pilosa (BPP), and B. pilosa L. var. minor (BPM) are common variants of a plant often used as a folk remedy for diabetes in Taiwan. However, the three variants are often misidentified and little is known about their relative anti-diabetic efficacy and chemical composition. In this paper, we have first developed a method based on GC-MS and cluster analysis with visualization to assist in rapidly determining the taxonomy of these three Bidens variants. GC-MS was used to determine the chemical compositions of supercritical extracts, and differences and similarities in the variants were determined by hierarchical cluster analysis. Next, the HPLC profiles of the methanol crude extracts in the Bidens plants and evaluated anti-diabetic effects of methanol crude extracts were compared, as well as three polyacetylenic compounds of the Bidens plants using db/db mice. Single-dose and long-term experiments showed that the BPR extract had higher glucose-lowering and insulin-releasing activities than extracts from the other two variants, and that cytopiloyne was the most effective pure compound among the three polyacetylenic compounds. BPR extract and cytopiloyne also significantly reduced the percentage of the glycosylated hemoglobin A1c in db/db mice. Besides, both animal studies and HPLC analysis demonstrated a good correlation between anti-diabetic efficacy of the Bidens extracts and the particular polyacetylenes present.
Chien
Shih-Chang
SC
Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, ROC.
Young
Paul H
PH
Hsu
Yi-Jou
YJ
Chen
Chun-Houh
CH
Tien
Yin-Jing
YJ
Shiu
Shang-Ying
SY
Li
Tzu-Hsuan
TH
Yang
Chi-Wen
CW
Marimuthu
Palanisamy
P
Tsai
Leo Feng-Liang
LF
Yang
Wen-Chin
WC
D000818:Animals; D031176:Bidens / Q000737:chemistry*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013624:Taiwan
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin