title: Functional assembly of minicellulosomes on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell surface for cellulose hydrolysis and ethanol production.
abstract: We demonstrated the functional display of a miniscaffoldin on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell surface consisting of three divergent cohesin domains from Clostridium thermocellum (t), Clostridium cellulolyticum (c), and Ruminococcus flavefaciens (f). Incubation with Escherichia coli lysates containing an endoglucanase (CelA) fused with a dockerin domain from C. thermocellum (At), an exoglucanase (CelE) from C. cellulolyticum fused with a dockerin domain from the same species (Ec), and an endoglucanase (CelG) from C. cellulolyticum fused with a dockerin domain from R. flavefaciens (Gf) resulted in the assembly of a functional minicellulosome on the yeast cell surface. The displayed minicellulosome retained the synergistic effect for cellulose hydrolysis. When a beta-glucosidase (BglA) from C. thermocellum tagged with the dockerin from R. flavefaciens was used in place of Gf, cells displaying the new minicellulosome exhibited significantly enhanced glucose liberation and produced ethanol directly from phosphoric acid-swollen cellulose. The final ethanol concentration of 3.5 g/liter was 2.6-fold higher than that obtained by using the same amounts of added purified cellulases. The overall yield was 0.49 g of ethanol produced per g of carbohydrate consumed, which corresponds to 95% of the theoretical value. This result confirms that simultaneous and synergistic saccharification and fermentation of cellulose to ethanol can be efficiently accomplished with a yeast strain displaying a functional minicellulosome containing all three required cellulolytic enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California at Riverside, California 92521, USA.
authors.forename: Shen-Long
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Jeongseok
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Shailendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Ruizhen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wilfred
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003013:Clostridium / Q000201:enzymology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D045857:Ruminococcus / Q000201:enzymology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000431:Ethanol; D002482:Cellulose
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