title: Neuroblastoma GOTO cells are hypersensitive to disruption of lipid rafts.
abstract: GOTO cells, a neuroblastoma cell line retaining the ability to differentiate into neuronal or Schwann cells, were found to be rich in membrane rafts containing ganglioside GM2 and hypersensitive to lipid raft-disrupting methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (MbetaCD); the GM2-rich rafts and sensitivity to MbetaCD were markedly diminished upon their differentiation into Schwann cells. We first raised a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to GOTO cells but not to differentiated Schwann cells and determined its target antigen as ganglioside GM2, which was shown to be highly concentrated in lipid rafts by its colocalization with flotillin, a marker protein of rafts. Disturbance of normal structure of the lipid raft by depleting its major constituent, cholesterol, with MbetaCD resulted in acute apoptotic cell death of GOTO cells, but little effects were seen on differentiated Schwann cells. Until this study, GM2-rich rafts are poorly characterized and MbetaCD hypersensitivity, which may have clinical implications, has not been reported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryosaku
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tomioka
authors.forename: Natsumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kushida
authors.forename: Shiho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horibe
authors.forename: Ippei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ideo
authors.forename: Katsuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Shigehisa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis; D002648:Child; D005678:G(M2) Ganglioside / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C108732:methyl-beta-cyclodextrin; D005678:G(M2) Ganglioside