title: Kidney neoplasms: renal halo sign after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation--incidence and clinical importance in 101 consecutive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the incidence and clinical importance of the renal halo sign after percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of renal neoplasms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Institutional review board approval was obtained for this HIPAA-compliant retrospective study. The study population consisted of 101 consecutive patients with 106 solid renal neoplasms that were treated with percutaneous RFA. Postablation computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) images were retrospectively reviewed by three board-certified radiologists to determine the presence of the renal halo sign. Statistical analyses were performed to determine reader agreement and assess the effect that tumor size and location, radiofrequency (RF) applicator type, RFA treatment time and success, maximum RFA treatment temperature, and number of RF applications performed had on development of the renal halo sign.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The renal halo sign developed in 79 (75%) of the 106 ablated tumors. Average imaging follow-up lasted 25 months (range, 1-98 months). The renal halo sign appeared, on average, 6 months (range, 1 month to 3 years) after RFA. The renal halo sign resolved in five (6%) of 79 tumors treated. Interobserver agreement for the presence of the renal halo sign was high. Tumor size and location, RF applicator type, RFA treatment time and success, maximum RFA treatment temperature, and number of RF applications performed were not independent predictors of renal halo sign development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The renal halo sign is seen in 75% of patients after percutaneous RFA of renal neoplasms. It may decrease in size over time; however, it rarely disappears. It is important to recognize this sign, as it can be mistaken for recurrent tumor or angiomyolipoma by radiologists who are not familiar with RFA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02903. the 2007 RSNA Annual Meeting.
authors.forename: Todd C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Schirmang
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Mayo-Smith
authors.forename: Damian E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Dupuy
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Beland
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Grand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018207:Angiomyolipoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media