title: Effect of Tadalafil on prostate haemodynamics: preliminary evaluation with contrast-enhanced US.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors have an established role in the treatment of erectile dysfunction, but there is increasing evidence that these drugs are effective also for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The mechanism of action of PDE-5 inhibitors in the prostate, however, is poorly understood. It is conceivable that these drugs act by reducing the smooth muscle tone of the organ, but this effect could produce vascular changes as well. The aim of this study was to investigate whether administration of Tadalafil, a PDE-5 inhibitor, in patients with BPH produces haemodynamic changes in the prostate that can be assessed using contrast-enhanced US (CEUS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve consecutive patients with BPH underwent transrectal CEUS before and 90 min after administration of 20 mg Tadalafil. CEUS was performed during bolus injection of SonoVue (4.8 ml) using a nondestructive US mode. The same scan plane, imaging parameters and technique were used before and after Tadalafil administration. Digital clips were recorded and processed using dedicated software (QontraXt v.3.60. Signal intensity (SI) changes in a region of interest (ROI) encompassing the entire prostate were fitted to a gammavariate curve. Changes in enhancement peak, time to peak (TTP), sharpness of the bolus transit and area under the curve (AUC) were considered for further analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After Tadalafil administration, the enhancement peak and AUC increased significantly (p<0.01), reflecting changes in prostate vascularity. TTP and sharpness did not change significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with BPH, vascular changes are observed in the prostate after Tadalafil administration, which can be detected with CEUS.
authors.affiliation: UCO di Radiologia, Università di Trieste, Ospedale di Cattinara, Trieste, Italy. bertolot@units.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertolotto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trincia
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zappetti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bernich
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Savoca
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cova
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002243:Carbolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003287:Contrast Media; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D036502:Infusions, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011467:Prostate / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000068581:Tadalafil; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D002243:Carbolines; D003287:Contrast Media; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D000068581:Tadalafil
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