title: G-308A TNF-alpha polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the Turkish population: case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that may act as an endogenous tumor promoter. A genetic polymorphism of TNF-alpha gene at position -308 promoter region is involved in the regulation of expression level and has been found to be associated with susceptibility to various types of cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the association of the TNF-alpha gene G-308A polymorphism on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a Turkish population, a hospital-based case-control study was designed consisting of 110 diagnosis subjects with hepatocellular carcinoma and 110 cancer-free control subjects matched on age, gender, smoking and alcohol status. The genotype frequency of this polymorphism was determined by using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution G-308A genotype was significantly associated with the risk of HCC (p<0.001, odds ratio [OR]=4.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.25-9.82 for -308 AA/GA genotypes versus GG genotype).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggested that the presence of the high producer allele -308A in the TNF-alpha gene appears to be associated with an increased risk for the development of HCC in Turkish population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hikmet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akkiz
authors.forename: Süleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bayram
authors.forename: Aynur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bekar
authors.forename: Burhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozdil
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akgöllü
authors.forename: Ahmet Taner
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Sümbül
authors.forename: Haluk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Demiryürek
authors.forename: Figen
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Doran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012306:Risk; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha