title: Association of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 gene haplotype with the susceptibility to gastric cancer.
abstract: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) was widely accepted as a pivotal molecule in downregulating T-cell mediated immune responses. In this study we investigated the polymorphisms which would impact the CTLA-4 gene expression and function to assess the association with the risk of gastric cancer. 205 gastric cancer patients and 262 healthy controls were included in the case-control study. PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) methods were performed to identify the +49A/G and promoter -1661A/G polymorphisms. The promoter -1772T/C polymorphism was detected by PCR amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) technique. A significant difference was observed between case and control groups. The frequency of +49A/G polymorphism AG and -1661A/G polymorphism GG genotype were significantly higher in patients than in controls (OR = 2.15, OR = 1.88, respectively). No significant difference was found in the allelic frequency of -1772T/C polymorphism between cases and controls (P = 0.478). By the haplotype analysis, logistic regression showed the frequency of haplotype A (GAT) and D (AGT) in the case group revealed significant difference compared with in control group (OR = 2.00, P < 0.001; OR = 1.62, P = 0.043, respectively). Our findings implied the genetic variations within CTLA-4 gene would be a critical risk factor to the susceptibility of gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Medical College, Shandong University, Shandong Province, China.
authors.forename: Ruiping
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Bangwei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zhongdong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Chunhui
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ziping
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human
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