title: Serum levels of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate and pregnancy outcome.
abstract: The authors examined the association of serum perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) with self-reported pregnancy outcome in Mid-Ohio Valley residents (2000-2006) highly exposed to PFOA. Data on 1,845 pregnancies within the 5 years preceding exposure measurement were analyzed for PFOA, and data on 5,262 pregnancies were analyzed for PFOS. Generalized estimating equations were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Neither PFOA nor PFOS showed any association with miscarriage or preterm birth. Preeclampsia was weakly associated with PFOA (adjusted odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.9, 1.9) and PFOS (adjusted odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 1.7) exposures above the median. PFOA was not associated with an increase in low birth weight, but PFOS showed an increased risk above the median (adjusted odds ratio = 1.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 1.9) and a dose-response gradient. Birth defects were weakly associated with PFOA exposures above the 90th percentile (adjusted odds ratio = 1.7, 95% confidence interval: 0.8, 3.6). This study identified modest associations of PFOA with preeclampsia and birth defects and of PFOS with preeclampsia and low birth weight, but associations were small, limited in precision, and based solely on self-reported health outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA. cheryl.stein@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Cheryl R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Savitz
authors.forename: Marcelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dougan
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000097:blood* / Q000506:poisoning; D002210:Caprylates / Q000097:blood* / Q000506:poisoning; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000097:blood* / Q000506:poisoning; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D002210:Caprylates; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C023036:perfluorooctanoic acid; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid