title: Supercritical fluid extraction of the volatile oil from Santolina chamaecyparissus.
abstract: Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of the volatile oil from Santolina chamaecyparissus L. flower heads was performed under different conditions of pressure, temperature, mean particle size and CO(2) flow rate. This oil was compared with the essential oil isolated by hydrodistillation (HD). The SFE volatile and essential oils were analysed by GC and GC-MS. The range of the main volatile components obtained with HD and SFE were, respectively: 1,8-cineole (25-30% and 7-48%), camphor (7-9% and 8-14%), borneol (7-8% and 2-11%), terpinen-4-ol (6-7% and 1-4%), terpinolene (1-4% and 1-7%) and isobornyl acetate (1-2% and 1-11%). The chemical composition of the extracts was greatly influenced by the conditions of pressure and temperature used. In fact, it was possible to enrich the sesquiterpene fraction by increasing the pressure from 8 to 9 MPa, while changing the temperature from 50 to 40 degrees C at 9 MPa enriched the volatiles in n-alkanes [corrected].
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia Química e Biológica, IST, Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grosso
authors.forename: Ana Cristina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burillo
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mainar
authors.forename: José S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Urieta
authors.forename: José G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Barroso
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: António M F
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Palavra
mesh_terms: D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010316:Particle Size; D011312:Pressure; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D002245:Carbon Dioxide