title: Merging ancient and modern DNA: extinct seabird taxon rediscovered in the North Tasman Sea.
abstract: Ancient DNA has revolutionized the way in which evolutionary biologists research both extinct and extant taxa, from the inference of evolutionary history to the resolution of taxonomy. Here, we present, to our knowledge, the first study to report the rediscovery of an 'extinct' avian taxon, the Tasman booby (Sula tasmani), using classical palaeontological data combined with ancient and modern DNA data. Contrary to earlier work, we show an overlap in size between fossil and modern birds in the North Tasman Sea (classified currently as S. tasmani and Sula dactylatra fullagari, respectively). In addition, we show that Holocene fossil birds have mitochondrial control region sequences that are identical to those found in modern birds. These results indicate that the Tasman booby is not an extinct taxon: S. dactylatra fullagari O'Brien & Davies, 1990 is therefore a junior synonym of Sula tasmani van Tets, Meredith, Fullagar & Davidson, 1988 and all North Tasman Sea boobies should be known as S. d. tasmani. In addition to reporting the rediscovery of an extinct avian taxon, our study highlights the need for researchers to be cognizant of multidisciplinary approaches to understanding taxonomy and past biodiversity.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, , Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. tammy.steeves@canterbury.ac.nz
authors.forename: Tammy E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Steeves
authors.forename: Richard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Holdaway
authors.forename: Marie L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hale
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McLay
authors.forename: Ian A W
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: McAllan
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christian
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hauber
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bunce
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001717:Birds / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D005580:Fossils; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010139:Pacific Islands; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004247:DNA
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