title: Liquid-air partition coefficients of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC152a), 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC143a), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC134a), 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (HFC125) and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC245fa).
abstract: Blood-air and tissue-blood coefficients (lambda) are essential to characterize the uptake and disposition of volatile substances, e.g. by physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling. Highly volatile chemicals, including many hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) have low solubility in liquid media. These characteristics pose challenges for determining lambda values. A modified head-space vial equilibrium method was used to determine lambda values for five widely used HFCs. The method is based on automated head-space gas chromatography and injection of equal amount of chemical in two head-space vials with identical air phase volumes but different volumes of the liquid phase. The liquids used were water (physiological saline), fresh human blood, and olive oil. The average lambda values (n = 8) were as follows: 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC152a) - 1.08 (blood-air), 1.11 (water-air) and 5.6 (oil-air); 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC143a) - 0.15, 0.15 and 1.90; 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC134a) - 0.36, 0.35 and 3.5; 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (HFC125) - 0.083, 0.074 and 1.71; and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC245fa) - 0.62, 0.58 and 12.1. The lambda values appeared to be concentration-independent in the investigated range (2-200 ppm). In spite of the low lambda values, the method errors were modest, with coefficients of variation of 9, 11 and 10% for water, blood and oil, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Work Environment Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Lena.Ernstgard@ki.se
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ernstgård
authors.forename: Birger
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: Melvin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johanson
mesh_terms: D000388:Air / Q000032:analysis*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D004980:Ethane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014867:Water; C078256:pentafluoroethane; C104768:1,1,1-trifluoroethane; C063006:norflurane; D004980:Ethane; C403631:1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane