title: Systematic review: the short-term and long-term efficacy of adalimumab following discontinuation of infliximab.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Therapy with adalimumab has been shown to be effective in Crohn's disease (CD) patients who have lost response or are intolerant to infliximab.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of adalimumab in CD patients who discontinued infliximab through a systematic review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electronic searches of EMBASE and MEDLINE databases up to May 1, 2009, as well as abstracts from the AGA (2006-2008), ACG (2006-2007), UEGW (2006-2008) and CDDW (2006-2009) identified randomized-controlled trials (RCT) or open-labelled cohorts (OLC) evaluating the short-term and/or long-term efficacy of adalimumab in infliximab failures. The response rates for short-term (clinical response and remission at 4 weeks) and long-term (remission at 6 and 12 months) efficacy were considered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1810 CD patients were identified among the 15 studies (2 RCT and 13 OLC). The majority of studies evaluated CD patients who either lost response or were intolerable to infliximab, although five OLCs permitted patients refractory to infliximab. Short-term clinical response (n = 9 articles) ranged from 41% to 83%. Long-term clinical remission at 12 months (n = 8 articles) ranged from 19% to 68%. The occurrence of severe adverse events ranged from 0% to 19% and four patients died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current RCT and OLC evidence suggest that adalimumab is an efficacious therapy for CD patients who discontinue infliximab.
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Departments of Medicine, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Panaccione
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Heitman
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Devlin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D000069285:Infliximab; D000068879:Adalimumab