title: Small heat-shock proteins and leaf cooling capacity account for the unusual heat tolerance of the central spike leaves in Agave tequilana var. Weber.
abstract: Agaves are perennial crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants distributed in tropical and subtropical arid environments, features that are attractive for studying the heat-shock response. In agaves, the stress response can be analysed easily during leaf development, as they form a spirally shaped rosette, having the meristem surrounded by folded leaves in the centre (spike) and the unfolded and more mature leaves in the periphery. Here, we report that the spike of Agave tequilana is the most thermotolerant part of the rosette withstanding shocks of up to 55 degrees C. This finding was inconsistent with the patterns of heat-shock protein (Hsp) gene expression, as maximal accumulation of Hsp transcripts was at 44 degrees C in all sectors (spike, inner, middle and outer). However, levels of small HSP (sHSP)-CI and sHSP-CII proteins were conspicuously higher in spike leaves at all temperatures correlating with their thermotolerance. In addition, spike leaves showed a higher stomatal density and abated more efficiently their temperature several degrees below that of air. We propose that the greater capacity for leaf cooling during the day in response to heat stress, and the elevated levels of sHSPs, constitute part of a set of strategies that protect the SAM and folded leaves of A. tequilana from high temperatures.
authors.affiliation: Departmento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, P.O. Box 510-3, Cuernavaca, Mor. Mexico 62250.
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luján
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lledías
authors.forename: Luz María
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barreto
authors.forename: Gladys I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Cassab
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nieto-Sotelo
mesh_terms: D027882:Agave / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D015723:Gene Library; D050888:Heat-Shock Proteins, Small / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D050888:Heat-Shock Proteins, Small; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger