title: Massively parallel 454 sequencing indicates hyperdiverse fungal communities in temperate Quercus macrocarpa phyllosphere.
abstract: * This study targeted the fungal communities in the phyllosphere of Quercus macrocarpa and compared the fungal species richness, diversity and community composition among trees located within and outside a small urban center using recently developed 454 sequencing and DNA tagging. * The results indicate that the fungal phyllosphere communities are extremely diverse and strongly dominated by ascomycetes, with Microsphaeropsis [two Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs); 23.6%], Alternaria (six OTUs; 16.1%), Epicoccum (one OTU; 6.0%) and Erysiphe (two OTUs; 5.9%) as the most abundant genera. * Although the sequencing effort averaged 1000 reads per tree and detected nearly 700 distinct molecular OTUs at 95% internal transcribed spacer 1 similarity, the richness of the hyperdiverse phyllosphere communities could not be reliably estimated as nearly one-half of the molecular OTUs were singletons. * The fungal communities within and outside the urban center differed in richness and diversity, which were lower within the urban development. The two land-use types contained communities that were distinct and more than 10% of the molecular OTUs differed in their frequency.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.|Ecological Genomics Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jumpponen
authors.affiliation: Ecological Genomics Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.|Environmental Health Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000235:genetics; D044822:Biodiversity; D017753:Ecosystem; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000235:genetics*; D029963:Quercus / Q000235:genetics*; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D012335:RNA, Ribosomal
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