title: Recent findings on the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Part II. The role of hormonal predisposition, environmental influences and conditioning leading to bronchial asthma.
abstract: In this second part of the review on the pathogenesis of asthma the hormonal factors and adverse external events are shortly reviewed which skew the balance of Th1 vs. Th2 CD4+ lymphocytes towards the latter ones and this way increase the probability of atopic diseases. Among other the role of transplacental priming, insulin, insulin-like and other growth factors, lack of the usual microbial infections in the early childhood (the so-called hygiene hypothesis), gender, diminished testosterone production, gastroesophageal reflux, adverse effects during pregnancy are discussed. A separate chapter deals with the role of central nervous system in the etiology and finally the most common allergizing and airway tissue damaging agents are listed in tabulated form.
authors.affiliation: Human Physiology Department, Semmelweis University, Tuzoltó u. 37-47, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: József Iván
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Székely
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pataki
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D015897:Comorbidity; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D006728:Hormones