title: Insight in the prediction of chemotherapy-induced nausea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors for chemotherapy-related nausea.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined risk factors for nausea in 1,696 patients from three multicenter studies conducted from 1998 to 2004. All patients were beginning a chemotherapy regimen containing cisplatin, carboplatin, or doxorubicin. Nausea was assessed on a 1-7 scale four times a day for 4 days by diary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  First, average nausea for breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin (mean = 2.31) was significantly greater than for other patients receiving doxorubicin (mean = 1.82), patients receiving cisplatin (mean = 1.88), and patients receiving carboplatin (mean = 1.45), Ps < 0.01. Second, mean nausea decreased steadily with age, P < 0.0001. Third, patients rating themselves more susceptible to nausea had significantly more nausea (adjusted mean = 2.51) than patients rating themselves less susceptible (adjusted mean = 1.92) and were 2.8 times more likely to experience severe nausea, Ps < 0.0001. Fourth, expected nausea was a significant predictor of average nausea, P = 0.034, but not severe nausea, P = 0.31. Last, no evidence that gender is a significant predictor of nausea in 299 patients with gender neutral cancers, P = 0.35.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific patient characteristics, especially younger age and perceived susceptibility to nausea, can help clinicians in the early identification of patients who are more susceptible to treatment-related nausea.
authors.affiliation: James P. Wilmot Cancer Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Joseph_Roscoe@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roscoe
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Colagiuri
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Heckler
authors.forename: Bryan D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Pudlo
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Colman
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoelzer
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacobs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D011346:Prochlorperazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D004317:Doxorubicin; D016190:Carboplatin; D002945:Cisplatin; D011346:Prochlorperazine
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