title: Genetic interaction between tau and the apolipoprotein E receptor LRP1 Increases Alzheimer's disease risk.
abstract: Abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation is one of the central events in the development of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and phosphorylation of tau is accelerated by the increase in the level of neuronal cholesterol. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) promotes the neuronal uptake of cholesterol via APOE receptors such as the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), and the APOE epsilon4 allele is associated with an increase in NFT burden in AD brain. In a case-control study in 246 AD patients and 237 healthy controls, we examined whether the combined gene effects between tau (intron 9, rs2471738) polymorphism and LRP1 (exon 3, rs1799986) polymorphism might be responsible for susceptibility to AD, independently or in concert with the APOE epsilon4 allele. Subjects carrying both the tau (intron 9, rs2471738) T allele (CT and TT genotypes) and the LRP1 (exon 3, rs1799986) T allele (CT and TT genotypes) had a 6 times higher risk of developing AD than subjects without these risk genotypes (odds ration = 6.20, 95% confidence interval = 1.74-22.05, p = 0.005), and this genetic interaction was observed in either the presence or the absence of the APOE epsilon4 allele. These data suggest that the synergistic effects (epistasis) between tau and LRP1 might modify the risk of AD in an APOE epsilon4 allele-independent fashion.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Service and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla (University of Cantabria), Santander, Spain.
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Higuera
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mateo
authors.forename: Pascual
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Juan
authors.forename: Eloy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pozueta
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Infante
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berciano
authors.forename: Onofre
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Combarros
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012306:Risk; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; D016875:tau Proteins