title: The highly attenuated oncolytic recombinant vaccinia virus GLV-1h68: comparative genomic features and the contribution of F14.5L inactivation.
abstract: As a new anticancer treatment option, vaccinia virus (VACV) has shown remarkable antitumor activities (oncolysis) in preclinical studies, but potential infection of other organs remains a safety concern. We present here genome comparisons between the de novo sequence of GLV-1h68, a recombinant VACV, and other VACVs. The identified differences in open reading frames (ORFs) include genes encoding host-range selection, virulence and immune modulation proteins, e.g., ankyrin-like proteins, serine proteinase inhibitor SPI-2/CrmA, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor homolog CrmC, semaphorin-like and interleukin-1 receptor homolog proteins. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that GLV-1h68 is closest to Lister strains but has lost several ORFs present in its parental LIVP strain, including genes encoding CrmE and a viral Golgi anti-apoptotic protein, v-GAAP. The reduced pathogenicity of GLV-1h68 is confirmed in male mice bearing C6 rat glioma and in immunocompetent mice bearing B16-F10 murine melanoma. The contribution of foreign gene expression cassettes in the F14.5L, J2R and A56R loci is analyzed, in particular the contribution of F14.5L inactivation to the reduced virulence is demonstrated by comparing the virulence of GLV-1h68 with its F14.5L-null and revertant viruses. GLV-1h68 is a promising engineered VACV variant for anticancer therapy with tumor-specific replication, reduced pathogenicity and benign tissue tropism.
authors.affiliation: Genelux Corporation, San Diego Science Center, 3030 Bunker Hill St., Ste. 310, San Diego, CA 92109, USA.
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chunguang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Yong A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Nanhai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dandekar
authors.forename: Aladar A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Szalay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D005260:Female; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D050504:Oncolytic Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D051381:Rats; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000235:genetics; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D037521:Virulence Factors
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