title: Does government provision of healthcare explain the relationship between income inequality and low birthweight?
abstract: This paper estimates the relationship between state and county income inequality and low birthweight (LBW) in the U.S. It examines whether more unequal societies are also less healthy because such societies have lower investment in population health. The model includes an extensive list of community and individual controls and community fixed-effects. Results show that unequal states in fact have greater social investments, and absent these investments children born in such states would be more likely to be LBW. Using alternate measures of inequality reveals that income inequality in the upper tail of the income distribution is not related to LBW; but inequality in the lower tail of the income distribution is associated with increased LBW where the supply of healthcare mitigates the effect of income inequality. Consistent with prior findings, county income inequality is not significantly related to LBW.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Administration and Policy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. alhila@uga.edu
authors.forename: Aparna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lhila
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005380:Financing, Government; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009111:Local Government; D008297:Male; D008427:Maternal Health Services / Q000191:economics / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D017059:Models, Econometric; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013219:State Government; D014481:United States