title: Population pharmacokinetics of ganciclovir after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir administration in solid organ transplant patients infected with cytomegalovirus.
abstract: A population pharmacokinetics analysis was performed after intravenous ganciclovir and oral valganciclovir in solid organ transplant patients with cytomegalovirus. Patients received ganciclovir at 5 mg/kg of body weight (5 days) and then 900 mg of valganciclovir (16 days), both twice daily with dose adjustment for renal function. A total of 382 serum concentrations from days 5 and 15 were analyzed with NONMEM VI. Renal function given by creatinine clearance (CL(CR)) was the most influential covariate in CL. The final pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: ganciclovir clearance (CL) was 7.49.(CL(CR)/57) liter/h (57 was the mean population value of CL(CR)); the central and peripheral distribution volumes were 31.9 liters and 32.0 liters, respectively; intercompartmental clearance was 10.2 liter/h; the first-order absorption rate constant was 0.895 h(-1); bioavailability was 0.825; and lag time was 0.382 h. The CL(CR) was the best predictor of CL, making dose adjustment by this covariate important to achieve the most efficacious ganciclovir exposure.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caldés
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Colom
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Armendariz
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Troconiz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gil-Vernet
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lloberas
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peraire
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Grinyó
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077562:Valganciclovir
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077562:Valganciclovir; D015774:Ganciclovir