title: Determinants of somatic complaints in 18-month-old children: the generation R study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of child temperament, maternal psychologic symptoms, maternal chronic pain, and parenting stress on children's somatic complaints.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was embedded in the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort study. Child somatic complaints were assessed via mother-report in 5,171 children of 18 months of age. Questionnaires assessed maternal somatic symptoms, symptoms of depression, anxiety during pregnancy and 2 months after delivery, maternal chronic pain during pregnancy, parenting stress 18 months after birth, and mother-reported child temperament 6 months after birth, as the determinants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fearful temperament, temperamental falling reactivity, maternal somatic symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and parenting stress each independently and prospectively increased the likelihood of children's somatic complaints at 18 months of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In toddlers, temperament, maternal stress, and maternal somatic symptoms seem particularly important for the development of somatic complaints, but long-term research is needed to establish causality and predictive value of these factors.
authors.affiliation: Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Medical Psychology & Psychotherapy, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands. n.wolff@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Noor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: Anne-Sophie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Darlington
authors.forename: Joke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hunfeld
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Verhulst
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jaddoe
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Passchier
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tiemeier
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D013694:Temperament