Measles resurgence associated with continued circulation of genotype H1 viruses in China, 2005.
Measles morbidity and mortality decreased significantly after measles vaccine was introduced into China in 1965. From 1995 to 2004, average annual measles incidence decreased to 5.6 cases per 100,000 population following the establishment of a national two-dose regimen. Molecular characterization of wild-type measles viruses demonstrated that genotype H1 was endemic and widely distributed throughout the country in China during 1995-2004. A total of 124,865 cases and 55 deaths were reported from the National Notifiable Diseases Reporting System (NNDRS) in 2005, which represented a 69.05% increase compared with 2004. Over 16,000 serum samples obtained from 914 measles outbreaks and the measles IgM positive rate was 81%. 213 wild-type measles viruses were isolated from 18 of 31 provinces in China during 2005, and all of the isolates belonged to genotype H1. The ranges of the nucleotide sequence and predicted amino acid sequence homologies of the 213 genotype H1 strains were 93.4%-100% and 90.0%-100%, respectively. H1-associated cases and outbreaks caused the measles resurgence in China in 2005. H1 genotype has the most inner variation within genotype, it could be divided into 2 clusters, and cluster 1 viruses were predominant in China throughout 2005.
Ji
Yixin
Y
WHO WPRO Regional Reference Measles Lab and State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology & Genetic Engineering, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, PR China. heartsound.gigi@gmail.com
Zhang
Yan
Y
Xu
Songtao
S
Zhu
Zhen
Z
Zuo
Shuyan
S
Jiang
Xiaohong
X
Lu
Peishan
P
Wang
Changyin
C
Liang
Yong
Y
Zheng
Huanying
H
Liu
Yang
Y
Mao
Naiying
N
Liang
Xiaofeng
X
Featherstone
David Alexander
DA
Rota
Paul A
PA
Bellini
William J
WJ
Xu
Wenbo
W
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D015994:Incidence; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M