title: Managing acute renal failure in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: the cardiorenal syndrome.
abstract: In patients with acute decompensated heart failure, worsening renal function during conventional decongestive therapy (cardiorenal syndrome) affects prognosis and the initiation of therapies with known benefit in chronic heart failure. Potential strategies for decongestion in patients who develop cardiorenal syndrome include invasive hemodynamic monitoring to guide therapy, use of continuous diuretic infusions, ultrafiltration, or novel therapy with adenosine or vasopressin receptor antagonists. Clinical trials by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Heart Failure Network are currently underway to validate such therapies in patients with acute decompensated heart failure with worsening renal function and to establish novel biomarkers for the early identification of patients who develop cardiorenal syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Ravi V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Givertz
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015897:Comorbidity; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D045283:Natriuretic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011379:Prognosis; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013577:Syndrome; D014462:Ultrafiltration; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D045283:Natriuretic Agents; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain