title: Differentiation of normal and cancerous lung tissues by multiphoton imaging.
abstract: We utilize multiphoton microscopy for the label-free diagnosis of noncancerous, lung adenocarcinoma (LAC), and lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) tissues from humans. Our results show that the combination of second-harmonic generation (SHG) and multiphoton excited autofluorescence (MAF) signals may be used to acquire morphological and quantitative information in discriminating cancerous from noncancerous lung tissues. Specifically, noncancerous lung tissues are largely fibrotic in structure, while cancerous specimens are composed primarily of tumor masses. Quantitative ratiometric analysis using MAF to SHG index (MAFSI) shows that the average MAFSI for noncancerous and LAC lung tissue pairs are 0.55+/-0.23 and 0.87+/-0.15, respectively. In comparison, the MAFSIs for the noncancerous and SCC tissue pairs are 0.50+/-0.12 and 0.72+/-0.13, respectively. Our study shows that nonlinear optical microscopy can assist in differentiating and diagnosing pulmonary cancer from noncancerous tissues.
authors.affiliation: National Taiwan University, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, No. 1 Section 1 Jen-Ai Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chun-Chin
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Feng-Chieh
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ruei-Jhih
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Vladimir A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Hovhannisyan
authors.forename: Wei-Chou
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Sung-Jan
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Peter T C
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: Chen-Yuan
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000379:methods*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity