title: Leafy vegetable mix supplementation improves lipid profiles and antioxidant status in C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat and high cholesterol diet.
abstract: Daily consumption of an antioxidant-rich leafy vegetable mix (LVM) was assessed for beneficial effects on plasma lipid profiles, tissue lipid peroxidation, and oxidative DNA damage in C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat and high cholesterol diet (20% fat and 1% cholesterol, wt/wt) for 4 weeks. The LVM contained beet leaf, angelica, red leaf lettuce, dandelion, green cos lettuce, lollo rosso, romaine lettuce (12.5%, respectively), scotch kale, and red kale (6.25%, respectively). The mice (n = 16) were randomly divided into either the control (high fat and cholesterol diet without LVM) or the LVM (high fat and cholesterol diet with 8% LVM supplement) groups after a 1-week acclimation. Lipid peroxidation as measured by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in the plasma, liver, heart, and kidney was significantly lower. Antioxidants (glutathione and beta-carotene) and antioxidant enzyme activities (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase) were improved in mice fed LVM diet. In the comet assay, tail extent moment, olive tail moment, and tail length were significantly less in the hepatocyte and lymphocyte DNA of the LVM group, indicating the beneficial effect of LVM on the resistance of hepatocytes and lymphocytes DNA to oxidative damage. Findings from the present study suggest that dietary supplementation with LVM may be useful for protecting cells from lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food & Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Mi Yeon
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: Min Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: ChanWok
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Hong-Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yook
authors.forename: Dai-Eun
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Sok
authors.forename: Jin Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: YongSik
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: HyeKyung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Mee Ree
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D019684:Magnoliopsida; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008517:Phytotherapy; D018515:Plant Leaves; D011897:Random Allocation; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D002784:Cholesterol