title: Endoscopic goniotomy: early clinical experience in congenital glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the technique and early outcomes of endoscopic goniotomy (EG) in children with opaque corneas and primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) or developmental glaucoma with ocular or systemic anomalies (DG).
  
  
  METHODS
  EG was performed for approximately 300 degrees of the angle through temporal and superonasal corneal incisions. We retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases from 2003 to 2007. Primary outcome was intraocular pressure (IOP) change from baseline to last postoperative visit. Success was defined as IOP < or=21 mm Hg with or without medication but no further surgical intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen eyes of 8 patients (4 PCG, 4 DG) were included. Mean age at surgery was 3.88+/-3.72 months. The reduction in IOP from baseline to the last follow-up visit was -16.7+/-16.7 mm Hg. Success was achieved in 6 of the 16 eyes (Total=43%, PCG=50%, DG=30%). Corneal diameter and axial length remained stable in all eyes. Two patients with DG needed additional surgery after 8 to 9 months. Complications included cataract and zonular dialysis both in 2 patients with aniridia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot study indicates that EG shows reasonable potential for IOP control in congenital glaucoma. The safety and efficacy of EG needs to be further studied with a larger sample size and comparison to other angle surgery techniques.
authors.affiliation: Ivey Eye Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario. sadhana_kulkarni@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sadhana V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Karim F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Damji
authors.forename: Annick V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Hodge
mesh_terms: D015783:Aniridia / Q000150:complications; D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014130:Trabeculectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome