title: Neuronal re-juvenilization in the nucleus ambiguus after vagal nerve injury.
abstract: Nestin is an intermediate filament expressed in immature cells in the CNS including neural stem/progenitor cells, reactive astrocytes and immature neurons in lesser amounts after injury. Nestin expression in the nucleus ambiguus following vagal nerve injury was studied using nestin-EGFP transgenic rats. We confirmed that EGFP immunoreactivity was evident at 6h to 8 days in ipsilateral nucleus ambiguus after nerve transection. Properties of these cells were examined immunohistochemically. These EGFP-immunoreactive cells were immunoreactive for Tuj1 and Hu, and exhibited ChAT activity. However, no immunoreactivity for GFAP or CNPase was observed. In normal development, the level of KCC2 expression is known to increase with maturation of neurons. In our study, decreased KCC2 expression was observed in nestin-EGFP-positive cells within the nucleus ambiguus on the lesioned side compared with the contralateral side. These EGFP-immunoreactive cells were immunonegative for BrdU. This is the first study to demonstrate the expression of a neural stem/progenitor cell-enriched marker, Nestin, in the nucleus ambiguus after vagal nerve injury. The present findings suggest that mature motoneurons are an origin of these Nestin-positive cells, which are induced after injury. Mature neurons in the nucleus ambiguus may thus have the potential to juvenilize after vagal/recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo 1608582, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takaoka
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiotani
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomifuji
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Takekatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujimine
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D064231:Nestin; D051381:Rats; D055647:Rats, Transgenic; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D061223:Vagus Nerve Injuries
chemical_list: D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C577486:Nes protein, rat; D064231:Nestin; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins