Cash costs.
D003906:Developing Countries / Q000191:economics; D004500:Education, Graduate / Q000191:economics; D035082:Federal Government; D005257:Fellowships and Scholarships / Q000191:economics; D010154:Pakistan; D012108:Research Personnel / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards; D012586:Science / Q000191:economics* / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D014495:Universities / Q000191:economics*