title: Identification of low inorganic and total grain arsenic rice cultivars from Bangladesh.
abstract: For the world's population, rice consumption is a major source of inorganic arsenic (As), a nonthreshold class 1 carcinogen. Reducing the amount of total and inorganic As within the rice grain would reduce the exposure risk. In this study, grain As was measured in 76 cultivars consisting of Bangladeshi landraces, improved Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) cultivars, and parents of permanent mapping populations grown in two field sites in Bangladesh, Faridpur and Sonargaon, irrigated with As-contaminated tubewell water. Grain As ranged from 0.16 to 0.74 mg kg(-1) at Faridpur and from 0.07 to 0.28 mg kg(-1) at Sonargaon. Highly significant cultivar differences were detected and a significant correlation (r = 0.802) in the grain As between the two field sites was observed, indicating stable genetic differences in As accumulation. The cultivars with the highest concentration of grain As were the Bangladeshi landraces. Landraces with red bran had significantly more grain As than the cultivars with brown bran. The percent of inorganic As decreased linearly with increasing total As, but genetic variation within this trend was identified. A number of local cultivars with low grain As were identified. Some tropical japonica cultivars with low grain As have the potential to be used in breeding programs and genetic studies aiming to identify genes which decrease grain As.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Cruickshank Building, St. Machar Drive, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, UK. g.norton@abdn.ac.uk
authors.forename: Gareth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: M Rafiqul
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Claire M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Deacon
authors.forename: Fang-Jie
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jacqueline L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stroud
authors.forename: Steve P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Shofiqul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jahiruddin
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feldmann
authors.forename: Adam H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Meharg
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D001459:Bangladesh; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005506:Food Contamination; D005838:Genotype; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D001151:Arsenic