title: [Alcohol and wine and cardiovascular diseases in epidemiologic studies].
abstract: Moderate alcohol intake is associated with lower risk of cardiovascular diseases. A large number of epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a U- or J-shaped relation between alcohol consumption and total mortality, coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. The lowest risk occurs in those who drink one or two drinks per day. Many studies have dealt with the question if specific alcoholic beverage (vodka, beer, wine, liquor) might offer a greater protection. Red wine containing polyphenols is believed to possess exceptional cardioprotective properties, especially if consumed with meals. However, alcohol beverages should not be recommended to patients as a substitute for the well-proven, cardiovascular risk reducing alternatives such as low fat diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Katedra i Zakład Klinicznych, Podstaw Fizjoterapii, Collegium Medicum UMK w Toruniu. wsinkiewicz@cm.umk.pl
authors.forename: Władysław
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sinkiewicz
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weglarz
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D059808:Polyphenols; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols