title: Temporary elevated insulin-like growth factor I during lactation.
abstract: The measuring of hormones during lactation can result in interpretation difficulties. A 30-year-old woman presented with suspected jaw overgrowth and increased insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) (52 nmol/L; reference range 10-40 nmol/L). No other signs of acromegaly were found. She was breastfeeding eight times per day, and when she decreased her breastfeeding to three times per day, IGF-I decreased (41 nmol/L). After the cessation of lactation, IGF-I was normalised (22 nmol/L). No confounding factors which could affect the IGF-I levels, such as nutritional or metabolic factors, were found. Her menstrual cycle was regular all the time. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland showed a probably unrelated microadenoma. All other pituitary hormones were normal, indicating that the microadenoma was non-functional. In conclusion, this unique case suggests an association between the frequency of lactation and IGF-I levels, and demonstrates the difficulties encountered when measuring hormones during breastfeeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Cairns Base Hospital, PO Box 902, Cairns, Queensland 4870, Australia. henrik.falhammar@ki.se
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Falhammar
mesh_terms: D000172:Acromegaly / Q000175:diagnosis; D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007774:Lactation / Q000097:blood*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000473:pathology; D049590:Postpartum Period; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I