title: Characterization of Staphylococcus species isolated from raw milk and milk products (lben and jben) in North Morocco.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the incidence and antibiotic resistance of staphylococcal strains isolated from milk and milk products and to trace the ecological origin of the Staphylococcus aureus isolated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-one samples of raw milk, lben (whey) and jben (cheese) were analyzed for the presence of staphylococcal strains. Isolates were identified by Gram stains, tests for coagulase, the API staph system and the WalkAway 40/96, which also determines the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles. The S. aureus strains were biotyped, and variable regions of the coagulase gene were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The identification results showed a predominance of coagulase-negative staphylococci (54 %). Coagulase-positive staphylococci that were identified were divided into 3 groups comprising S. aureus (40%), Staphylococcus intermedius (2 %) and Staphylococcus hyicus (4%). Among the S. aureus that was isolated, biotype C was the predominant biotype. Among 40 coagulase gene PCR-amplification products, 37 produced a single band, while 3 isolates produced two bands. The antimicrobial susceptibility-profile of the staphylococcal strains revealed a high incidence of S. aureus to penicillin G. In addition, Staphylococcus lentus presented considerable resistance to the oxacillin, erythromycin and lincomycin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of staphylococci in raw milk, lben and jben in areas of northern Morocco poses a health hazard, so it is necessary for the public health inspectors to properly examine the conditions during production, storage and commercialization of all products made with unpasteurized milk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research, Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Institute Pasteur of Morocco.
authors.forename: Abdrezzak
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bendahou
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lebbadi
authors.forename: Latifa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ennanei
authors.forename: Fatima Z
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Essadqui
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003030:Coagulase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D008034:Lincomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D009018:Morocco; D010068:Oxacillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000494:pharmacology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003030:Coagulase; D004917:Erythromycin; D008034:Lincomycin; D010400:Penicillin G; D010068:Oxacillin