title: Carbon nanotubes activate blood platelets by inducing extracellular Ca2+ influx sensitive to calcium entry inhibitors.
abstract: To elucidate a mechanism of prothrombotic effects of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), we report here that multiwalled CNTs activate blood platelets by inducing extracellular Ca(2+) influx that could be inhibited by calcium channel blockers SKF 96365 and 2-APB. We also demonstrate platelet aggregating activity of different single-walled and multiwalled CNTs. In addition, we show that CNT-induced platelet activation is associated with a marked release of platelet membrane microparticles positive for the granular secretion markers CD62P and CD63.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20852-1448, USA.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Semberova
authors.forename: Silvia H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: De Paoli Lacerda
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Simakova
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Holada
authors.forename: Monique P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Gelderman
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simak
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D060149:Tetraspanin 30; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; D001896:Boron Compounds; C554586:CD63 protein, human; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D007093:Imidazoles; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D019007:P-Selectin; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D060149:Tetraspanin 30; C109986:2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate; C063159:1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole; D002118:Calcium