title: Dopamine release at individual presynaptic terminals visualized with FFNs.
abstract: The nervous system transmits signals between neurons via neurotransmitter release during synaptic vesicle fusion. To observe neurotransmitter uptake and release from individual presynaptic terminals directly, we designed fluorescent false neurotransmitters as substrates for the synaptic vesicle monoamine transporter. Using these probes to image dopamine release in the striatum, we made several observations pertinent to synaptic plasticity. We found that the fraction of synaptic vesicles releasing neurotransmitter per stimulus was dependent on the stimulus frequency. A kinetically distinct "reserve" synaptic vesicle population was not observed under these experimental conditions. A frequency-dependent heterogeneity of presynaptic terminals was revealed that was dependent in part on D2 dopamine receptors, indicating a mechanism for frequency-dependent coding of presynaptic selection.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Neurology, Columbia University.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Niko G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Gubernator
authors.forename: Minerva
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Roland G W
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Staal
authors.forename: Eugene V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Mosharov
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Vojtech
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Balsanek
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Vadola
authors.forename: Bipasha
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sulzer
authors.forename: Dalibor
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sames
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001551:Benz(a)Anthracenes / Q000032:analysis*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000378:metabolism; D009435:Synaptic Transmission
chemical_list: C541442:8-(2-amino-ethyl)-2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-1H,4H-11-oxa-3a-aza-benzo(de)anthracen-10-one; D001551:Benz(a)Anthracenes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D004298:Dopamine