title: Gender differences in systolic tissue velocity: role of left ventricular length.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous research has described differences in left ventricular (LV) systolic tissue velocity between genders. This study aimed to determine the association between LV tissue velocity and LV size in healthy controls and in those with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  LV tissue velocities were measured in 71 controls and 222 patients with T2DM by pulsed-wave Doppler and colour-coded tissue Doppler (TDI) during systole (S' and S(m)) and diastole (early, E' and E(m), and late, A' and A(m)) at the basal septum and lateral wall. Both systolic tissue velocities were higher in males than in females within controls (S': 7.3 +/- 1.2 vs. 6.6 +/- 1.0 cm/s; P = 0.017, S(m): 6.2 +/- 1.0 vs. 5.5 +/- 0.7 cm/s; P = 0.002) but only by colour-coded TDI in patients with T2DM (S(m): 5.7 +/- 1.7 vs. 4.9 +/- 1.7 cm/s; P = 0.025). Correction for LV length negated the difference between genders in the controls and patients with T2DM (P > 0.05 for all). In controls, LV length was the strongest predictor of S' (beta = 0.393, P = 0.002), whereas height was the strongest predictor of S(m) (beta = 0.394, P = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In controls, systolic tissue velocities are significantly higher in males compared with females, which may be explained by the increased chamber size of men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sharman
authors.forename: Rodel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Leano
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Marwick
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*