title: Impact of Charlson's comorbidity index on overall survival following tumor nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the impact of Charlson's comorbidity index on overall survival following radical and partial nephrectomy performed for renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with primary RCC treated by tumor nephrectomy with at least 1 year of follow-up were included. The outcome parameters assessed were overall survival, impact of surgery on quality of life of patients using Karnofsky's index and correlation of survival with respect to comorbid conditions, using Charlson's index comorbidity score, grade and stage of disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 214 tumor nephrectomies were performed during study period, of which 157 (73%) fulfilling the criteria were included in the final analysis. The mean age at presentation was 57 + or - 12 years. The mean Charlson's index was 2.89 + or - 2.22. Tumor stages were I-IV in 33, 30, 16 and 21%, respectively. The overall survival was 65% at a mean follow-up of 39 + or - 5 months. The mean pre op Karnofsky's index was 79.5 + or - 7.13 and at follow-up it was 95.41 + or - 10.65 (P < .001). The difference in functional status of patient (Karnofsky's Index) for every stage including Stage-IV was statistically significant (P 0.01). Survival analysis showed a significant differences in overall survival according to stage (P 0.001), grade (P 0.001), size of tumor (P 0.001) and Charlson's index (P = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was significant improvement in the quality of life, following tumor nephrectomy, even for Stage-IV cancers. Multivariate analysis indicated besides tumor stage, grade, and size of the tumor, Charlson's index has a significant predictive value on overall survival.
authors.affiliation: Urology Residency Program, Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, P O Box 3500, Stadium Road, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan. hammad.ather@aku.edu
authors.forename: M Hammad
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ather
authors.forename: Syed M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nazim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate