title: A rat-to-human search for proteomic alterations reveals transgelin as a biomarker relevant to colorectal carcinogenesis and liver metastasis.
abstract: In this study, a modified rat model similar to the classic human evolution of colorectal cancer (CRC) was established. As such, the altered profiles of proteins involved in these processes were further verified in human specimens, so as to determine the potential biomarkers relevant to human CRC development. Protein samples of four specific stages involved in CRC progression ((i) normal mucosa, (ii) adenoma, (iii) carcinoma, and (iv) liver metastasis)) were investigated by 2-DE. One protein spot displayed sequential suppression in the course of colorectal malignant transformation and was identified as transgelin by mass spectrometry. A decrease in its expression in both the epithelium and lamina propria was further confirmed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry analyses. Clinical and pathological parameter analysis revealed that downregulation of transgelin was associated with poor differentiation, and subsequent Dukes Stage and lower survival rate. Paradoxically, its sera level was significantly higher in CRC patients than in healthy donors, and the rise became dramatic, particularly in later Dukes Stages. These results indicate that downregulation of transgelin, in both the epithelium and lamina propria and accompanied with colorectal carcinogenesis, is correlated with worse prognosis. Its elevated serum levels might be the result of pathological hyperplasia of myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells together with deeper tumor invasion into muscle layers. This altered expression represents interactions between cancer epithelium and stroma, such that transgelin might be a potential marker for CRC genesis and progression.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jiayuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.affiliation: The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Qingfu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yanlei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.affiliation: The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.affiliation: The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.affiliation: The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: The Department of Surgery, The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Huanlong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012372:ROC Curve; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C051615:transgelin