title: Long-term treatment of spasticity with botulinum toxin type A: an analysis of 1221 treatments in 137 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Spasticity is a complex disorder that causes significant disability in affected patients. We here present long-term results of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment in spasticity of various etiologies in the upper and lower limbs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated long-term results of BoNT-A treatment with Dysport and Botox for up to 12 years in 137 patients with spasticity of various etiologies. The focus was laid on efficacy, dosage, safety and side effects over time in a retrospective analysis of the database of our movement disorder clinic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean clinical benefit, latency and duration of response were comparable for both products. Side effects were generally mild and comparable for the two products. We found a significant negative correlation between time from onset of spasticity to start of BoNT-A treatment and degree of improvement after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data confirm the safety and efficacy of BoNT-A treatment of spasticity of different etiologies over a long period of time. Furthermore, the data imply that BoNT-A treatment should be started early after appearance of spasticity to obtain better treatment response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany. Mohammadi.Bahram@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: S Abdoulrahmani
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Balouch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dengler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kollewe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A