title: "hCG priming" effect in controlled ovarian stimulation through a long protocol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, it has been demonstrated that, in patients down-regulated by GnRH analogues (GnRHa), a short-term pre-treatment with recombinant LH (rLH), prior to recombinant FSH (rFSH) administration, increases the number of small antral follicle prior to FSH stimulation and the yield of normally fertilized embryos. However, no data exist in the literature regarding the potential beneficial effect of "hCG priming" in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) through a long GnRH-a protocol, which binds the same receptor (LH/hCGR), though it is a much more potent compared to LH. The primary aims of this study were to assess the effect of short-term pre-rFSH administration of hCG in women entering an ICSI treatment cycle on follicular development, quality of oocytes and early embryo development. The secondary endpoints were to record the effects on endometrial quality and pregnancy rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with a history of at least one previous unsuccessful ICSI cycle were randomly assigned into two groups to receive treatment with either a long protocol with rFSH (control group) or a long protocol with rFSH and pre-treatment with hCG (hCG group). In particular, in the latter group, a fixed 7 days course of 200 IU/day hCG was administered as soon as pituitary desensitization was confirmed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean number of oocytes retrieved was not significantly different between the two treatment groups, although the percentage of mature oocytes tended to be higher but not significantly different in hCG-treated patients. The percentage of patients with more than one grade 3 embryos was higher in the pre-treatment group, which also showed a higher pregnancy rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All the above clinical observations, in conjunction with previous data, suggest a point towards a beneficial "hCG priming" effect in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation through a long GnRH-a down-regulation protocol, particularly in patients with previous ART failures.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Human Reproduction, IVF Unit, Athens University Medical School, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece. pberet@biol.uoa.gr
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beretsos
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Partsinevelos
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arabatzi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Drakakis
authors.forename: Depy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mavrogianni
authors.forename: Elli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anagnostou
authors.forename: Kostas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stefanidis
authors.forename: Aris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antsaklis
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Loutradis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone