title: A model framework for patient safety training in chiropractic: a literature synthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this review is to develop an evidence-focused and work-based model framework for patient safety training, that is, reporting and learning from adverse events in chiropractic care. This article will not debate specific issues of adverse events from spinal manipulation. The main focus is on education for patient safety.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a systematic search and synthesized 196 articles on patient safety to provide guidance. The review was carried out by the 2 authors independently in 3 ways: research type, relevancy with respect to patient safety, safety culture or climate, and distinct description of one or more of the adapted Bland's characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-five articles were included. Their review provided knowledge acquisition and practice behavior regarding patient safety issues and excellent baseline data on reporting and learning of adverse events for training purpose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leadership, commitment, and communication together with trust and openness to build a culture of patient safety are prerequisites for successful reporting and learning.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Academy for Chiropractic, Berne, Switzerland. beatrice.zaugg@chirosuisse.ch
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zaugg
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wangler
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002684:Chiropractic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000193:education*; D003142:Communication; D003479:Curriculum; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000379:methods / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017145:Models, Educational; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010344:Patient Advocacy; D010819:Physician's Role / Q000523:psychology; D017751:Safety Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D035502:Trust