title: [Evaluation of exposure dose for panoramic radiography].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is no established method to determine a diagnostic reference level of panoramic radiology. As the basic principle of the panoramic radiology dose index (PRDI) and CT dose index (CTDI) is almost identical, we evaluated the usefulness of PRDI for this purpose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the imaging plate (IP) sandwiched between the 160-mm thick acrylic disks, horizontal radiation dose distribution was analyzed by the conventional radiographic technique. Panoramic exposure dose was measured using the CT ionizing chamber that was placed at the tracking focus. Beam height was used as measurement unit, and PRDI was normalized and calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were two foci showing the maximum exposure dose for this panoramic equipment, located symmetrically 45 mm away from the center of the object. The PRDI of medium-sized individuals measured by this method was 0.74 mGy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggested a method to evaluate a diagnostic reference level, measuring the dose of exposure focus, i.e., maximum dose on panoramic radiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gunma University Hospital.
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sutou
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amanuma
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otake
mesh_terms: D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000295:instrumentation; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods