title: Prevention of lingual calculus formation with daily use of 6% H2O2/2% pyrophosphate whitening strips.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate whether daily use of a hydrogen peroxide/ pyrophosphate-containing antitartar whitening strip might safely yield clinical reductions in post-prophylaxis calculus accumulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A three-month, randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare calculus accumulation with a daily 6% hydrogen peroxide/pyrophosphate strip versus regular brushing. After an eight-week run-in phase to identify calculus formers, a prophylaxis was administered, and 77 subjects were randomly assigned to daily strip or brushing only groups. All subjects received an anticavity dentifrice (Crest Cavity Protection) and manual brush for use throughout the three-month study; for subjects assigned to the experimental group, strip application was once daily for five minutes on the facial and lingual surfaces of the mandibular teeth. Efficacy was measured as mm calculus (VMI) before prophylaxis and after six and 12 weeks of treatment, while safety was assessed from examination and interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects ranged in age from 21-87 years, with groups balanced (p > 0.26) on pertinent demographic and behavioral parameters, and pre-prophylaxis calculus baseline mean scores (16.0 mm). At Week 6, calculus accumulation was lower in the strip group, with adjusted mean (SE) lingual VMI of 12.0 (0.87) for the strip group and 17.0 (0.88) for the brushing control. At Week 12, calculus accumulation was lower in the strip group, with adjusted mean (SE) lingual VMI of 14.3 (0.85) for the strip group and 17.2 (0.86) for the brushing control. Treatments differed significantly (p < 0.02) on calculus accumulation at both time points. A total of three subjects (8%) in the strip group and two subjects (5%) in the brushing control had mild oral irritation or tooth sensitivity during treatment; no one discontinued early due to an adverse event.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Daily use of hydrogen peroxide whitening strips with pyrophosphate reduced calculus formation by up to 29% versus regular brushing, without meaningful adverse events.
authors.affiliation: The Procter & Gamble Company, Health Care Research Center, Mason, OH, USA. farrell.s.2@pg.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gerlach
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Putt
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Milleman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003728:Dental Calculus / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016877:Oxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012824:Silicic Acid; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation; D014100:Toothpastes; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C488279:Crest whitestrips; D016877:Oxidants; D014100:Toothpastes; C546060:hydrated silica gel-based toothpaste; D012824:Silicic Acid; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide