title: Ethylene signaling and response: where different regulatory modules meet.
abstract: The structural simplicity of the gaseous hormone ethylene stands in contrast with the complexity of the physiological processes ethylene regulates. Initial studies suggested a simple linear arrangement of signaling molecules leading from the ethylene receptors to the EIN3 family of transcription factors. Recent discoveries have substantially changed this view. Current models suggest existence of a complex signaling pathway composed of several phosphorylation cascades, feedback-regulated transcriptional networks, and protein and mRNA turnover regulatory modules. Interactions between ethylene and other signals determine which of the ethylene-mediated responses get activated in a particular cell at a particular time. Tissue-specific regulation of auxin biosynthesis, transport, and response by ethylene is emerging as a key element in this signal integration process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
authors.forename: Anna N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Stepanova
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Alonso
mesh_terms: D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D063245:Plant Development; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D005030:Ethylenes; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C083750:ethylene receptors, plant; C036216:ethylene