title: Malabsorption-associated warfarin resistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A case of malabsorption- associated warfarin resistance is reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 42-year-old, 111-kg, Caucasian man arrived at the emergency department with atypical pleuritic chest pain. The chest pain was associated with shortness of breath, diaphoresis, nausea, vomiting, and tachycardia. The patient's medical history was significant for multiple episodes of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the left upper extremity and both lower extremities, a right above-the-knee amputation due to complications of a previous DVT, insertion of a vena cava filter, pulmonary embolism (PE), asthma, hypertension, and multiple myocardial infarctions. During admission, he was diagnosed presumptively with PE. All potential causes of interference with warfarin absorption were investigated and ruled out. I.V. warfarin therapy at a conventional initial dosage of 5 mg once daily was started on hospital day 2. The International Normalized Ratio (INR) reached the therapeutic range after increasing the i.v. warfarin dosage to 7.5 mg once daily on hospital day 6. The ability to obtain a therapeutic INR on a relatively low dosage of i.v. warfarin but not high dosages of oral warfarin strongly suggests an inherent warfarin malabsorption defect in this patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 42-year-old man with a history of recurrent thromboembolisms demonstrated resistance to oral warfarin therapy due to warfarin malabsorption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacy, St. Elizabeth Health Center, Youngstown, OH 44501, USA. brian_sabol@hmis.org
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Sabol
authors.forename: Ramon R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Basa
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wilkins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002637:Chest Pain; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D019934:International Normalized Ratio; D008286:Malabsorption Syndromes / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000188:drug therapy; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D014859:Warfarin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin