Current progress in the pharmacological therapy of fibromyalgia.
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic musculoskeletal pain disorder often associated with fatigue, dyscognition, and sleep disturbances. Recent research advances highlight a critical role for aberrant central pain processing in FM, and, consistent with these data, the first three drugs approved by the FDA for FM over the past 2 years have a predominantly central mode of action. The first drug, pregabalin, may counteract central pain transmission by inhibiting presynaptic release of excitatory neurotransmitters, including substance P and glutamate. The serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors duloxetine and milnacipran have been approved more recently and are believed to reduce pain by increasing serotonin and norepinephrine concentrations in descending inhibitory pain pathways. Agents with multiple other mechanisms of action are in development and promise an assortment of therapeutic options for this complex disorder in the near future.
Rao
Srinivas G
SG
Cypress Bioscience, Inc., 4350 Executive Drive, Suite 325, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. srao@cypressbio.com
D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015507:Drugs, Investigational / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D000078764:Milnacipran; D000069583:Pregabalin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D000700:Analgesics; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D000078764:Milnacipran; D000069583:Pregabalin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D013876:Thiophenes; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid