title: Surface-conditioned dental implants: an animal study on bone formation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine whether bone formation around surface-conditioned implants is enhanced compared with non-surface-conditioned sandblasted acid-etched titanium implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and forty-four implants were placed in the mandible of 18 minipigs. Before placement, implants were either surface conditioned in a solution containing hydroxide ions (conSF) or assigned to controls. Animals were euthanized after 2, 4 and 8 weeks of submerged healing, the 8-week group receiving polyfluorochrome labelling at week 2, 4, 6 and 8. One jaw quadrant per animal was selected for histological and histomorphometrical evaluation of mineralized bone-implant contact (mBIC), osteoid-implant contact (OIC) and bone volume (BV) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Polyfluorochrome labelling showed no general differences in bone dynamics. mBIC showed the most pronounced differences after 2 weeks, reaching 65.5% for conSF compared with 48.1% for controls, p=0.270. Differences levelled out after 4 weeks (67.4% control, 65.7% conSF) and 8 weeks (64.0% control, 70.2% conSF). OIC levels were initially comparable, showing a slower decline for conSF after 4 weeks. BV was higher for conSF at all times. No significant differences could be found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A tendency towards increased mBIC was shown for surface-conditioned implants after short-term healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology Dresden, Dresden, Germany. stadlinger@gmx.de
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stadlinger
authors.forename: Anna Theresa
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Lode
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eckelt
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Range
authors.forename: Falko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schlottig
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hefti
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mai
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000473:pathology; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004318:Doxycycline; D005260:Female; D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D023421:Models, Animal; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010636:Phenols; D011859:Radiography; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014992:Xylenes
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006878:Hydroxides; D010636:Phenols; D013454:Sulfoxides; D014992:Xylenes; C083098:calcein green; C070804:alizarin complexone; C031356:hydroxide ion; D014025:Titanium; D004318:Doxycycline; C016833:xylenol orange