title: Use of endovascular stents in three dogs with Budd-Chiari syndrome.
abstract: METHODS
  3 dogs were examined because of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS), which is an obstruction of venous blood flow located between the liver and the junction of the caudal vena cava and right atrium. Two dogs had confirmed neoplastic obstructions, and the other dog had a suspected neoplastic obstruction of the hepatic veins and caudal vena cava.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All dogs had similar clinical signs of weight gain, lethargy, and ascites that did not respond to medical treatments, and 2 dogs had pitting edema of the hind limbs. Ultrasonography revealed a presumptive venous obstruction, which was confirmed by use of computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each dog was anesthetized. By use of fluoroscopic guidance, endovascular stents were placed within the left hepatic vein and caudal vena cava in 2 dogs, and a single stent was placed within the left hepatic vein extending into the caudal vena cava of the third dog. After stent placement, venous pressure in the left hepatic vein decreased. Resolution of clinical signs was dramatic in all 3 dogs (survival time ranged from 7 to 20 months), with only mild complications in 1 dog.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular stents may be an appropriate palliative treatment for dogs with clinical signs attributable to BCS.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Hospital, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Schlicksup
authors.forename: Chick W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Weisse
authors.forename: Allyson C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Berent
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006502:Budd-Chiari Syndrome / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D015607:Stents / Q000662:veterinary*