title: Sleeve gastrectomy provides a better control of diabetes by decreasing ghrelin in the diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and modified duodenal jejunal bypass (MDJB) were compared as procedures for glucose control. We aim to form the initial conclusions with respect to the possibility of (1) whether gastric fundus exclusion is essential for the control of diabetes and (2) application as a low morbidity procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  SG and MDJB were performed on 10- to 12-week-old Goto-Kakizaki rats that spontaneously develop type 2 diabetes. Rats were observed for 36 weeks after surgery, and glucose, insulin, glucagons-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose tolerate, insulin sensitivity, cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acid levels were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Apart from distinct weight loss of SG and MDJB after 1 month compared with sham-operated rats (P < 0.001), SG showed strikingly improved blood glucose levels and significantly decreased Ghrelin secretion (P < 0.001). Furthermore, SG resulted in a shorter operative time (P < 0.01) and postoperative recovery time (P < 0.01) than MDJB group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SG shows better control in terms of glucose tolerance and other measurements. This study provides direct evidence that SG possesses better improvement of diabetes by reduction of Ghrelin.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012 Shandong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guangyong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiangjiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Sanyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000379:methods*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000601:surgery; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin