title: Insulin increases shedding of syndecan-1 in the serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect the level of serum syndecan-1 of patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with diabetes were categorized into 4 subgroups, oral-agents, insulin therapy for <or=1 month, 1-12 months, and >12 months. Serum syndecan-1 was detected by ELISA, and potential correlation between syndecan-1 levels and clinical characteristics was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-two diabetic patients and 20 healthy subjects (controls) were enrolled. Syndecan-1 in diabetic patients (24.616+/-1.993 ng/ml) was higher than that of the controls (18.907+/-2.638 ng/ml). The average concentration of syndecan-1 in the group of oral-agents, insulin therapy for <or=1 month, 1-12 months, and >12 months was 19.157+/-2.556 ng/ml (n=20), 24.447+/-3.173 ng/ml (n=23), 35.005+/-4.749 ng/ml (n=11), and 27.593+/-8.304 ng/ml (n=8), respectively. An association between serum syndecan-1 and intake of exogenous insulin was found (r=0.266, p=0.035). Serum syndecan-1 of insulin-therapy group (27.811+/-2.669 ng/ml) enhanced significantly compared to that of the controls (p=0.030) and that of the oral-agents group (p=0.035). Syndecan-1 of the insulin therapy for 1-12 months group enhanced predominantly compared to that of the controls (p=0.005) and the oral-agents group (p=0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic inflammation and exogenous insulin usage increases serum syndecan-1 level. Exogenous insulin can promote shedding of syndecan-1 ectodomains to the serum in a time-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Haidian District, Beijing 100091, China. wjb2282002@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Jing-bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yan-jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan-fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Si
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiao-hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sheng
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D053668:Syndecan-1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D053668:Syndecan-1; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol