title: Dietary acrylamide intake and the risk of head-neck and thyroid cancers: results from the Netherlands Cohort Study.
abstract: Acrylamide exposure has been related to an increased incidence of oral and thyroid tumors in animal studies. In 1986, 120,852 persons (aged 55-69 years) were included in the Netherlands Cohort Study. Dietary acrylamide intake was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire and was based on chemical analysis of all relevant Dutch foods. Hazard ratios were adjusted for smoking and other confounders. After 16.3 years of follow-up, there were 101, 83, 180, and 66 cases of oral cavity, oro-hypopharynx, larynx, and thyroid cancer, respectively. Average daily dietary acrylamide intake was 21.8 microg (standard deviation, 12.1). Dietary acrylamide intake was not associated with increased risk of oral cavity (hazard ratio (HR) per 10-microg intake/day = 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.73, 1.10), oro-hypopharynx (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.03), larynx (HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.91, 1.21), or thyroid (HR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.82, 1.27) cancer. For nonsmokers, hazard ratios were not increased either. Dietary acrylamide was statistically significantly associated with increased risk of oral cavity cancer in female nonsmokers, but case numbers were small. Dietary acrylamide intake was not positively associated with risk of head-neck and thyroid cancer, except with oral cavity cancer risk for female nonsmokers. A negative association for males was indicated.
authors.affiliation: GROW, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. lj.schouten@epid.unimaas.nl
authors.forename: Leo J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.forename: Janneke G F
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hogervorst
authors.forename: Erik J M
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Konings
authors.forename: R Alexandra
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Goldbohm
authors.forename: Piet A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: van den Brandt
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005503:Food Additives / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D005503:Food Additives