The decision to intensify therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from an experiment using a clinical case vignette.
OBJECTIVE
Lack of medication intensification is a widely recognized but poorly understood barrier to effective diabetes care. We used a video case vignette to assess whether patient or physician demographic variables influence the decision to intensify therapy.


METHODS
One hundred ninety-two US primary care physicians each viewed one case vignette of an actor portraying a patient who had type 2 diabetes and borderline indications for medication intensification. Case vignettes were clinically identical and differed only by patient age (35 or 65 years old); sex; race/ethnicity (white, Hispanic, or black); and socioeconomic status (occupation of lawyer or janitor). After viewing the vignette and indicating their management plans, physicians were also asked to discuss the challenges related to managing such a patient.


RESULTS
Just over half (53%) of physicians indicated that they would recommend a medication prescription for the vignette patient. Demographic characteristics (of the patient, physician, or practice) did not significantly influence this decision (P > .1 for all comparisons). Compared with physicians who did not recommend a diabetic-related prescription, physicians recommending therapy more often identified patient medication costs (74% vs 43% of physicians who would not increase therapy); medication adherence (63% vs 49%); and subsequent complications (34% vs 22%) as important clinical issues in managing diabetes. Physicians not intensifying therapy more often indicated that they needed more clinical information (16% vs 9%).


CONCLUSIONS
Using an experimental design we found that differences in the decision to intensify therapy were not significantly explained by patient, physician, or practice demographic variables. Physicians who intensified therapy were more likely to consider issues such as medication costs, patient adherence, and downstream complications.
Grant
Richard W
RW
Division of General Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Rgrant@partners.org
Lutfey
Karen E
KE
Gerstenberger
Eric
E
Link
Carol L
CL
Marceau
Lisa D
LD
McKinlay
John B
JB
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003657:Decision Making; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009511:New England; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000193:education; D013663:Teaching; D014743:Videotape Recording