title: Aerosolized L-epinephrine vs budesonide for post extubation stridor: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy and adverse effects of aerosolized L-epinephrine vs budesonide in the treatment of post-extubation stridor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary teaching and referral hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty two patients with a stridor score ?4 following extubation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized to receive either aerosolized L-epinephrine (n=32) or budesonide (n =30). Respiratory rate, heart rate, stridor score, blood pressure and oxygen saturation were recorded from 0 min to 24 hours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stridor score remaining at >4, need for renebulization and reintubation between 20 min to 24 hours were primary outcome measures. Tachycardia (HR > normal for age), hypertension (BP >95th centile for age) and hypoxia (SpO2 < 92% for 5 min) were secondary outcome measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both drugs showed a significant and comparable decline in the median (95% CI) stridor scores from baseline to 60 min [4 (4.10-4.50) to 2.00 (1.46-2.67) for budesonide vs 4 (4.12-5.00) to 2.00 (1.31 -2.75) for epinephrine]. At 2 hours, the stridor scores were significantly lower in the epinephrine as compared to budesonide group [0.00 (0.69-1.81) vs 3.00(1.75-3.32); P =0.02)]. However, the proportion of patients with stridor score >4 at any time between 20 min to 24 hrs (53.3% vs 53.1%; P=0.99), need for renebulization (40% vs 43.8%; P=0.76) and reintubation (20% vs 25%, P=0.638), and adverse effects were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both aerosolized L-epinephrine and budesonide were equally effective in their initial therapeutic response in post-extubation stridor. However, epinephrine showed a more sustained effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jayashree
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singhi
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000336:Aerosols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019819:Budesonide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D019819:Budesonide; D004837:Epinephrine