title: Regression of polypoid nasal mucosa after systemic corticosteroid therapy: a proteomics study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nasal polyposis (NP) treatment and pathophysiology have always been challenging for otolaryngologists. Among the medical treatments for NP, glucocorticoids (GCs) have been always one of the mainstays but the mechanisms of their action are not well defined. Identifying and comparing the protein profile of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with NP before and after treatment with GCs can help to clarify NP pathogenesis and mechanisms of corticosteroid effects on NP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of nasal polyps were taken from selected NP patients in workup for endoscopic sinus surgery. None of the patients used local or systemic GCs within 30 days before the sampling. The patients were given prednisone, 30 mg/day, for 4 days before the surgery to shrink the NP tissue. Nasal polyp samples were collected during surgery. Proteins from samples were extracted and separated by immobilized pH gradient-based two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D DIGE). Resulting 2D-gel images were statistically analyzed using Delta2D software and differently expressed protein spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A reference map of 1963 proteins could be established. Expression of 20 proteins changed significantly (twofold, p<0.05) after treatment of NP with GCs. Heat shock proteins and retinoic acid were induced by GCs. Ingenuity pathway analysis of all identified proteins indicated that apoptosis pathway is triggered in NP after GC administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Identifying the changes of NP proteome due to GCs and the biological functions of proteins can lead to new ways of treatment and open new fields in NP research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farajzadeh Deroee
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oweinah
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naraghi
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hosemann
authors.forename: Bahador
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Athari
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Völker
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scharf
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D040901:Proteomics; D012074:Remission Induction; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D014212:Tretinoin; D011241:Prednisone