title: Examination of intercostal arteries with transthoracic Doppler sonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There has been no study on the measurement of blood flow of the intercostal artery (ICA) or lumbar artery (LA) with the use of transthoracic Doppler sonography. Here, the method of the ICA depiction and flow measurement were described, and we suggested the clinical usage of this method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve healthy subjects were examined. The performance of transthoracic Doppler sonography was approached from the back on lateral decubitus position. The intercostal artery was depicted by two-dimension mode with color flow, and the inner diameter was measured. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), velocity-time integral (VTI), and heart rate (HR) were measured with pulsed Doppler, and the blood flow was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bilateral ICAs and LAs from Th4 to L4 were measurable with this method. The PSV of Lt Th9 was the fastest at 43.3 +/- 10.1 cm/sec and the PSV of the ICAs gradually decreased as distance from Th9 increased. As for the flow volume, the left Th11 was the greatest at 99.7 mL/min, and the flow volume of the ICA gradually decreased as distance from Th11 increased. The velocity and blood flow of right ICA tended to be lower than the left in the same spinal level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evaluation technique of serial ICAs and LAs was shown. We think that it may be a clinically useful method in the study of spinal cord circulation in the repair of cases of descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm.
authors.affiliation: Sapporo Medical University, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Traumatology and Critical Care Medicine, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan. koyanagitetsuya@hotmail.co.jp
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyanagi
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawaharada
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurimoto
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanebe
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007366:Intercostal Muscles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008297:Male; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*