title: Evaluation of the human airway using cone-beam computerized tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this project was to define and measure human airway space with radiographic volumetric 3-dimensional imaging and digital reconstruction of the pharynx using cone-beam computerized tomography.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a randomized retrospective study. Ten patient scans were selected randomly from a pool of 196 subjects seeking dental treatment at the University of California, San Francisco. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine-format volume images were captured using a low-radiation rapid-scanning cone-beam computerized tomography system (Hitachi MercuRay).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Detailed progressive rostrocaudal cross-sectional area histograms indicated that 8 of the 10 subjects demonstrated a region of maximum constriction near the oropharynx level. The most restricted cross-sectional area varied from 90 mm(2) to 360 mm(2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The maximum constriction of the airway in 10 subjects quietly breathing for 10 seconds indicated variation in the level of the pharynx and the extent of the rostrocaudal zone of restriction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics, Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0438, USA.
authors.forename: Hung Hsiag
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Tso
authors.forename: Janice S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Koutaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hatcher
authors.forename: Arthur J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D010614:Pharynx / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D012189:Retrospective Studies