title: Cephalic tetanus from penetrating orbital wound.
abstract: Tetanus is a neurologic disorder caused by tetanospasmin, a protein toxin elaborated by Clostridium tetani. Cephalic tetanus is a localized form of the disease causing trismus and dysfunction of cranial nerves. We report the case of a man who presented with facial trauma, complete ophthalmoplegia, exophthalmos, areactive mydriasis, and periorbital hematoma. An orbital CT revealed air bubbles in the right orbital apex. The patient was given a tetanus toxoid booster and antibiotherapy. After extraction of a wooden foreign body, the patient developed right facial nerve palsy, disorders of swallowing, contralateral III cranial nerve palsy, and trismus. Only one case of cephalic tetanus from penetrating orbital wound has been reported in literature 20 years ago. When a patient presents with an orbital wound with ophthalmoplegia and signs of anaerobic infection, cephalic tetanus should be ruled out.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, CHU Pontchaillou, rue Henri le Guilloux, 35000 Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Eloïse
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guyennet
authors.forename: Jean-Laurent
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guyomard
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barnay
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jegoux
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Charlin