title: Monitoring bioreactors using principal component analysis: production of penicillin G acylase as a case study.
abstract: The complexity of biological processes often makes impractical the development of detailed, structured phenomenological models of the cultivation of microorganisms in bioreactors. In this context, data pre-treatment techniques are useful for bioprocess control and fault detection. Among them, principal component analysis (PCA) plays an important role. This work presents a case study of the application of this technique during real experiments, where the enzyme penicillin G acylase (PGA) was produced by Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14945. PGA hydrolyzes penicillin G to yield 6-aminopenicilanic acid (6-APA) and phenyl acetic acid. 6-APA is used to produce semi-synthetic beta-lactam antibiotics. A static PCA algorithm was implemented for on-line detection of deviations from the desired process behavior. The experiments were carried out in a 2-L bioreactor. Hotteling's T(2) was the discrimination criterion employed in this multivariable problem and the method showed a high sensibility for fault detection in all real cases that were studied.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. edsonucci@gmail.com
authors.forename: Edson Romano
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Nucci
authors.forename: Antonio J G
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Roberto C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Giordano
mesh_terms: D001410:Bacillus megaterium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D019149:Bioreactors; D010397:Penicillanic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D010399:Penicillin Amidase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000737:chemistry; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010648:Phenylacetates; D010397:Penicillanic Acid; D010399:Penicillin Amidase; C025136:phenylacetic acid; D010400:Penicillin G; C004408:aminopenicillanic acid