Kidney donation and transplantation in the UK from 1998 to 2007.
There are many changes happening in donation and transplantation in the UK and this review provides a baseline against which the success of future developments can be assessed. There has been a decrease in donation after brain death over the 10-year review period, but increases in both donation after cardiac death and living kidney donation. Antibody incompatible transplantation and paired and altruistic donation programmes are starting to have an impact on the number of living donor transplants carried out and are expected to make a more marked impact in the years ahead. A new national Kidney Allocation Scheme for deceased donors after brain death was introduced in 2006 to replace the previous scheme implemented in 1998. The 2006 scheme aims to improve equity of access to transplant and is showing significant benefits for long-waiting patients. To ensure that all UK transplant centres continue to achieve high standards, both within- and across-centre monitoring of graft and patient outcomes is routinely undertaken and reported. The most important factor in increasing organ donation and transplantation in the UK is the government funding that has been provided to develop national organ donation infrastructures. These major changes are expected to have a significant impact on numbers of donors and transplants in the next 5 years.
Johnson
Rachel
R
NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK.
Collett
Dave
D
Birch
Rhiannon
R
Fuggle
Susan
S
Rudge
Chris
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D033161:Government Regulation; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006291:Health Policy; D054625:Healthcare Disparities; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality; D019520:Living Donors / Q000600:supply & distribution; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000458:organization & administration*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014850:Waiting Lists; D055815:Young Adult