title: Results of a randomized controlled trial of a brief behavioral intervention for pelvic inflammatory disease in adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this research was to examine the effectiveness of a brief behavioral intervention, provided at the time of diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease, on subsequent behaviors by patients who were urban adolescents in a community in which sexually transmitted infection was prevalent.
  
  
  METHODS
  121 adolescents aged 15 to 21 years with mild to moderate pelvic inflammatory disease were enrolled in a randomized trial. All participants received standardized care, completed baseline audio computerized self-interviews, received full courses of medication at discharge, and were interviewed after the 2-week treatment course. The intervention group also watched a 6-minute intervention video.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medication completion, temporary sexual abstinence during the 14-day treatment period, partner notification, partner treatment, and return for 72-hour follow-up were studied. Data were evaluated using multivariate regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the participants, 61% were located and could participate in the 2-week interview by the disease intervention specialist. The intervention participants had higher rates of 72-hour follow-up (32% vs. 16%) and partner treatment (71% vs. 53%) in bivariate analyses at a P = 0.1 level. There were no differences in medication completion (66% vs. 66%), sexual abstinence (78% vs. 89%), or partner notification (88% vs. 92%). Only the partner-treatment finding persisted in multivariate models (AOR = 3.10; 95% CI, 1.03-9.39, P = .045).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescent girls randomized to a community-specific video intervention at diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease were three times more likely to have their partners treated than those in the control group. Given the value of partner treatment in secondary prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, this video may be an essential component of discharge programming in urgent care settings. Additional structural supports may be necessary to facilitate improved adherence to other key adherence behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA. mtrent2@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trent
authors.forename: Shang-en
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ellen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D016358:Contact Tracing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012746:Sexual Abstinence; D055815:Young Adult