title: Effects of maternal genotype and diet on offspring glucose and fatty acid-sensing ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus neurons.
abstract: Maternal obesity accentuates offspring obesity in dams bred to develop diet-induced obesity (DIO) on a 31% fat, high-sucrose, high-energy (HE) diet but has no effect on offspring of diet-resistant (DR) dams. Also, only DIO dams become obese when they and DR dams are fed HE diet throughout gestation and lactation. We assessed glucose and oleic acid (OA) sensitivity of dissociated ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMN) neurons from 3- to 4-wk old offspring of DIO and DR dams fed chow or HE diet using fura-2 calcium imaging to monitor intracellular calcium fluctuations as an index of neuronal activity. Offspring of DIO dams fed chow had approximately 2-fold more glucose-inhibited (GI) neurons than did DR offspring. This difference was eliminated in offspring of DIO dams fed HE diet. At 2.5 mM glucose, offspring of chow-fed DIO dams had more GI neurons that were either excited or inhibited by OA than did DR offspring. Maternal HE diet intake generally increased the percentage of neurons that were excited and decreased the percentage that were inhibited by OA in both DIO and DR offspring. However, this effect was more pronounced in DIO offspring. These data, as well as concentration-dependent differences in OA sensitivity, suggest that genotype, maternal obesity, and dietary content can all affect the sensitivity of offspring VMN neurons to glucose and long-chain fatty acids. Such altered sensitivities may underlie the propensity of DIO offspring to become obese when fed high-fat, high-sucrose diets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Foll
authors.forename: Boman G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Irani
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magnan
authors.forename: Ambrose
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dunn-Meynell
authors.forename: Barry E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000378:metabolism; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D014697:Ventromedial Hypothalamic Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D019301:Oleic Acid; D002118:Calcium