title: Translating genetics leaflets into languages other than English: lessons from an assessment of Urdu materials.
abstract: Genetic counselors frequently counsel clients whose first language is not English, relying on interpreters and on supplementary translated written material. This paper highlights factors that counselors need to consider before using or commissioning translated leaflets. It is based on an assessment of leaflets translated into Urdu, the national language of Pakistan, which are available through U.K. genetics clinics for use with Pakistani-origin clients. The 2 authors, who know Urdu as their 2nd and 1st languages respectively, independently read each leaflet, checking for accuracy of information, ease of reading and understanding, cultural sensitivity, and contact details for Urdu-speaking professionals. There were factual errors and confusing or very difficult text in all leaflets; some leaflets also contained culturally insensitive messages that could alienate users of genetics services. The paper discusses the reasons for these pitfalls and makes recommendations to guide the future production of translated genetics leaflets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Sciences, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom. alison.shaw@brunel.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Mushtaq
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D003144:Communication Barriers; D005817:Genetic Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010154:Pakistan; D010174:Pamphlets; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D014175:Translating; D006113:United Kingdom