title: Use of radiofrequency perforation for lead placement in biventricular or conventional endocardial pacing after mustard or senning operations for D-transposition of the great arteries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endocardial pacemaker lead placement can be challenging after Mustard and Senning operations for transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA), if there is atresia of the systemic venous pathways and because the coronary sinus cannot be used for cardiac resynchronization therapy. Radiofrequency (RF)-assisted perforation techniques have been used in congenital heart disease but have not been reported for use in pacemaker implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We describe RF perforation of an atretic superior systemic venous pathway and systemic venous baffles in three patients after Senning and Mustard operations to implant endocardial pacing systems to achieve conventional or biventricular pacing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RF-energy-assisted perforation is feasible and effective tool to facilitate endocardial lead placement during dual-chamber and biventricular pacemaker implantation in patients with Mustard or Senning operations for D-TGA.
authors.affiliation: Bristol Congenital Heart Centre, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children and Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Santabhanu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakrabarti
authors.forename: Gergely
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szantho
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stuart
authors.forename: Robin P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D011677:Punctures / Q000379:methods*; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control