title: The efficiency of first-trimester serum analytes and maternal characteristics in predicting fetal growth disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between first-trimester serum analytes, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, and fetal growth disorders, and to determine whether a prediction model for these growth disorders can be developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study of patients seen for first-trimester aneuploidy screening. Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin multiples of the median were evaluated for association with small- and large-for-gestational-age infants in combination with maternal characteristics. Univariate and backward stepwise logistic regression analyses were performed and the area under the receiver-operator curves used to determine the best prediction models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither pregnancy-associated plasma protein A nor free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels were associated with an increased risk of large-for-gestational-age infants. For small-for-gestational-age infants, the final model included black race, free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin multiples of the median >90th percentile, and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A multiples of the median <5th percentile as significant predictors (area under the curve = 0.58).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and high free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin levels are associated with a small-for-gestational-age growth pattern; however, additional factors to improve the prediction model are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Goetzinger
authors.forename: Ashima
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singla
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gerkowicz
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dicke
authors.forename: Diana L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Anthony O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Odibo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood*; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000097:blood*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000032:analysis*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A