Does the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome increase the risk of obstetrical complications in women with gestational diabetes?
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether women with both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have an increased risk of obstetric complications compared with women with GDM alone.


METHODS
A retrospective cohort study of maternal/fetal outcomes in women with GDM and PCOS was compared with women with GDM alone. Outcomes were compared using Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. Logistic regression models allowed for the calculation of odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each outcome, adjusted for confounding.


RESULTS
One hundred seventy one women were included in the study. Significantly more women with both GDM and PCOS had pregnancy-induced hypertension/preeclampsia (15.9% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.019, OR = 4.62, 95% CI = 1.38-15.41). Multiple logistic regression revealed that this increase persisted after controlling for body mass index (p = 0.028, OR = 4.43, 95% CI = 1.17-16.72) and parity (p = 0.050, OR = 3.45, 95% CI = 1.00-11.92). Women with GDM and PCOS tended to have more preterm deliveries (25.0% vs. 11.8%, p = 0.063). More infants of women with GDM and PCOS required phototherapy treatment for hyperbilirubinemia (25.0% vs. 7.9%, p = 0.0066, OR = 3.90, 95% CI = 1.52-9.98). Logistic regression revealed that this association persisted after controlling for preterm delivery (OR = 3.18, 95% CI = 1.14-8.82, p = 0.026).


CONCLUSIONS
Mothers with both disorders should be monitored more carefully and counseled regarding their increased risk of both maternal and fetal complications.
Alshammari
Abdulmuhsen
A
Department of Medicine, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait.
Hanley
Anthony
A
Ni
Andrew
A
Tomlinson
George
G
Feig
Denice S
DS
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D010298:Parity; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D011247:Pregnancy; D017584:Reproductive History; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors