title: Toxic effects of lambda-cyhalothrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticide, on the rat kidney: Involvement of oxidative stress and protective role of ascorbic acid.
abstract: Lambda-cyhalothrin is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used worldwide in agriculture, home pest control, protection of foodstuff and disease vector control. The objective of this study was to investigate the propensity of lambda-cyhalothrin (LTC) to induce oxidative stress, changes in biochemical parameters and enzyme activities in the kidney of male rats and its possible attenuation by Vitamin C (vit C). Renal function, histopathology, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO) levels, antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated. Exposure of rats to lambda-cyhalothrin, during 3 weeks, caused a significant increase in kidney MDA and protein carbonyl levels (p<0.01) as compared to controls. Co-administration of vitamin C was effective in reducing MDA and PCO levels. The kidney of LTC-treated rats exhibited severe vacuolations, cells infiltration and widened tubular lumen. The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were significantly decreased due to lambda-cyhalothrin exposure. Co-administration of vitamin C ameliorated the increase in enzymatic activities of aminotransferases (AST and ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine and urea levels and improved the antioxidant status. These data indicated the protective role of ascorbic acid against lambda-cyhalothrin-induced nephrotoxicity and suggested a significant contribution of its antioxidant property to these beneficial effects.
authors.affiliation: Animal Physiology Laboratory, Life Science Department, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Hamadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fetoui
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makni
authors.forename: El Mouldi
authors.initials: el M
authors.lastname: Garoui
authors.forename: Najiba
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zeghal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D009570:Nitriles / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; C037304:cyhalothrin