Thyroid receptor: roles in cancer.
The thyroid hormone receptors, encoded by the TRalpha and TRbeta genes, are ligand-dependent transcription factors that belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily. In addition to the role of these receptors in growth, development and metabolism, there is increasing evidence that they also inhibit transformation and act as tumor suppressors. Aberrant TR action, as well as receptor silencing, are common events in human cancer, and TRs also have an important role in tumor progression in experimental animal models, suggesting that these receptors constitute a novel therapeutic target in cancer. This review highlights recent studies on mechanisms by which loss of expression and/or function of these receptors results in a selective advantage for cellular transformation, tumor development and metastatic growth.
Aranda
Ana
A
Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain. aaranda@iib.uam.es
Martínez-Iglesias
Olaia
O
Ruiz-Llorente
Lidia
L
García-Carpizo
Verónica
V
Zambrano
Alberto
A
D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D018776:Genes, erbA / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone