title: A rapid and simple evaluation system for gas toxicity using luminous bacteria entrapped by a polyion complex membrane.
abstract: We have developed a rapid and simple gas toxicity evaluation system based on bioluminescence inhibition of a marine-derived wild luminous bacterium, Vibrio fischeri. The luminous bacteria were trapped using a thin polyion complex membrane in order to allow semi direct contact between the bacteria and toxic gases. Bioluminescence inhibition ratios of the present system to six reference gases, including benzene, trichloroethylene, acetone, NO(2), SO(2), and CO, were evaluated, and dose-response relationships were successfully obtained after 15 min of gas exposure, except for CO gas. The sensitivity to the five gases except for CO gas of the present system was 1-3 orders of magnitude higher than that in acute animal tests. The present system also allowed for the evaluation of overall toxicity of some environmental gases containing various chemicals. These results clearly demonstrated that the present system would be a valuable prototype for rapid and on-site acute toxicity detection of a gas mixture, such as environmental gases.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan. kkomori@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kikuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komori
authors.forename: Shotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyajima
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuru
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Shino
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohri
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D004777:Environment; D005740:Gases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity*; D005898:Glass; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014867:Water