title: Protection of articular cartilage from degeneration by injection of transforming growth factor-beta in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to examine the effect of injection of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) on articular cartilage in osteoarthritic temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Disc perforation was performed bilaterally in 24 rabbits to induce osteoarthritis (OA). The right joint was injected with TGF-beta as experimental groups, and the left joint with physiologic saline as control. Animals were killed at different intervals. Histology and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed for comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All joints showed OA-like changes, but the degree in the experimental was significantly less severe than in the control. At 12 weeks a significantly greater expression of aggrecan and collagen type II was found in the experimental compared with the control joints. However, no difference in either anabolic or catabolic genes was found between the two groups at 24 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transforming growth factor beta may have a potential benefit in protecting articular cartilage during the development of TMJ OA.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Man
authors.forename: Songsong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Bi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D053674:Aggrecans / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000032:analysis; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis; D051445:Fibrocartilage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000032:analysis; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011817:Rabbits; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D053674:Aggrecans; D024043:Collagen Type II; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases; D010450:Endopeptidases; C083641:aggrecanase