title: Hand hygiene and treatment table sanitizing in chiropractic teaching institutions: results of an education intervention to increase compliance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to test an educational intervention designed to increase hand and treatment table sanitizing on 3 chiropractic college campuses using a theory-based intervention. The second purpose is to see if an increase in observed hand hygiene would be noted as a result of the intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students at 3 campuses were surveyed, and their attitudes and practices of hand and table sanitizing were observed. The education intervention was developed using ecological theory of health promotion and involved educating staff and students along with a focus on modeling proper behaviors. The surveys were analyzed and generated frequencies. chi(2) analysis and logistic regression models were used to explore effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The education campaign was associated with increases in desired behaviors regarding both hand hygiene and table sanitizing. Good hand hygiene practices increased 35% (odds ratio [OR], 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.77), and observed practices increased more than 2-fold (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.90-3.52). A 30% increase in table sanitizing was noted as well (OR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.04-1.64).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Educational interventions after a theory-based model can have an initial impact on increasing hand hygiene and table sanitizing. Further studies should look at a policy component as an effect modifier and whether long-term effects will be seen from such an intervention.
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Programs, Cleveland Chiropractic College, USA. will.evans@cleveland.edu
authors.forename: Marion W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramcharan
authors.forename: Harrison
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ndetan
authors.forename: Rod
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Floyd
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Globe
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pfefer
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brantingham
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002684:Chiropractic / Q000193:education / Q000295:instrumentation; D003479:Curriculum; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006235:Hand Disinfection / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D017145:Models, Educational; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012576:Schools, Health Occupations; D013336:Students, Health Occupations / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States