title: Leptin increases maternal investment.
abstract: The primary goal of virtually all organisms is to produce genetic offspring, thereby passing on their genes to future generations. Offspring production, however, is limited by available resources within an environment. Moreover, distributing sufficient energy among competing physiological systems is challenging and can result in trade-offs between self-maintenance and offspring investment when resources are limited. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that the adipose hormone leptin is involved in mediating energetic trade-offs between competing physiological systems. Specifically, we tested the effects of elevated maternal leptin on investment into offspring production versus self maintenance (immune function), in the Siberian hamster (Phodopus sungorus). The current study provides the first evidence that leptin serves as a signal to mothers of available energy resulting in epigenetic effects. Therefore, elevated leptin allows females to retain more embryos to parturition, and rear more offspring to weaning via reduced maternal infanticide. Innate immune response was suppressed seemingly as a result of these enlarged litters, suggesting that the observed fitness increase is not without costs to the mother. Collectively, these findings suggest that leptin plays a critical role in allowing mothers to determine how much energy to invest in the production and care of young versus self-maintenance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Utah State University, 5305 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322, USA. sfrench@biology.usu.edu
authors.forename: Susannah S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Greives
authors.forename: Devin A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Zysling
authors.forename: Emily M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Chester
authors.forename: Gregory E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Demas
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects; D020738:Leptin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017111:Phodopus / Q000502:physiology*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014599:Uterus / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin