title: Effect of music on anxiety, stress, and depression levels in patients undergoing coronary angiography.
abstract: Control of stress and anxiety and the promotion of comfort are challenges facing health practitioners involved in catheterization. The aim of this case-control study was to examine the effect of music on the levels of anxiety, stress, and depression experienced by patients undergoing coronary angiography, as measured by the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Differences in pre- and post-intervention scores demonstrated that there were significant decreases in mean scores of state anxiety (P = 0.006), stress (P = 0.001) and depression P = 0.02) in the intervention group, who listened to 20 minutes of relaxing music, as compared with the control group who had 20 minutes of bed rest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moradipanah
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: A Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Mohammadil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001510:Bed Rest / Q000523:psychology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015400:Clinical Nursing Research; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome