title: Dietary habit and bone mineral density in Korean postmenopausal women.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Postmenopausal women were assessed to determine the association between dietary intake of various food groups and low bone mineral density. Among dietary factors, high consumption of protein-containing food and dairy products was associated with a reduced risk for low bone mineral density.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  There have been several studies regarding the correlation between bone mineral density and dietary intake. In this study, we assessed the association between dietary habit and low bone mineral density among Korean postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in 2,501 subjects. A brief food frequency questionnaire, which included 16 food items, was used in this cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for other risk factors related to low bone mineral density, a high intake frequency of protein-source food was associated with a lower risk for osteopenia (odds ratio (OR), 0.68; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54-0.87 for high vs. low intake frequency; p for trend, 0.02) and osteoporosis (OR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.39-0.83 for high vs. low intake frequency; p for trend, 0.003), and a high intake frequency of dairy food was associated with a decreased risk for osteopenia (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57-0.94 for high vs. low intake frequency; p for trend, 0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that adequate nutrient intake is essential to maintain bone health in postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Management, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 111 Jungbalsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Korea.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Myung
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors