Hepatitis B vaccination in HIV-infected adults: current evidence, recommendations and practical considerations.
Immunization with hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine is recommended for all HIV-infected individuals without immunity to HBV. This patient population, however, has relatively poor HBV vaccine responses. Factors associated with this impaired HBV vaccine response in HIV-infected individuals may include older age, uncontrolled HIV replication, and low nadir CD4 cell count. Postvaccination testing for HBV surface antibody is recommended and vaccine non-responders should undergo repeat immunization with a full series. The benefit of double dosage, the appropriate strategy for HIV-infected patients with isolated HBV core antibody and the timing and number of vaccinations in persons with advanced immunosuppression on highly active antiretroviral therapy remain controversial areas.
Kim
H N
HN
Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. hyangkim@u.washington.edu
Harrington
R D
RD
Crane
H M
HM
Dhanireddy
S
S
Dellit
T H
TH
Spach
D H
DH
D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination
D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines