title: A pilot randomised controlled trial comparing the post-operative pain experience following vitrectomy with a 20-gauge system and the 25-gauge transconjunctival system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare post-operative pain following 25-gauge (25G) and 20-gauge (20G) vitrectomy in the first week following surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a pilot randomised controlled trial with patients masked to the treatment allocation. Post-operative pain was assessed using both a visual scale and verbal pain scores for 1 week following surgery. Additional data collected included intraocular pressure (IOP), time taken to perform the surgical procedure, per-operative and post-operative complications, and dropout rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty patients were recruited for the study: 21 randomised to 20G vitrectomy and 19 to 25G. In the first 12 h following surgery, presence of significant post-operative pain (defined as >1 cm on a visual analogue scale) was similar in both 20G (50%) and 25G (53%) patients. In the first week following surgery, 38 of the 527 scores (7.2%) were >1 (median 2.1, IQR 1.3-3) cm; however, there was evidence that "significant pain" was experienced more commonly in the 20G group. There was no statistical difference in the time taken to complete the surgical procedure, although in the 25G group the time from first incision to the start of vitrectomy was significantly shorter (p = 0.043) and in the 20G group the time taken to complete the vitrectomy was less (p = 0.047). Post-operative hypotony (IOP <6 mmHg) was observed in 25% of patients in the 25G group. No patients required additional surgery for hypotony.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was evidence that 25G resulted in less patient discomfort. However, pain was not a prominent feature in either group. We failed to find a significant advantage in 25G for patients or surgeons.
authors.affiliation: Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, UK. louisa.wickham@moorfields.nhs.uk
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wickham
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bunce
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bainbridge
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Aylward
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000601:surgery; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014823:Vitreous Hemorrhage / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics