title: Phase II study of paclitaxel plus the protein kinase C inhibitor bryostatin-1 in advanced pancreatic carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy and toxicity of the protein kinase C inhibitor bryostatin-1 plus paclitaxel in patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each treatment cycle consisted of paclitaxel 90 mg/m by intravenous infusion over 1 hour on days 1, 8, and 16, plus bryostatin 25 mcg/m as a 1-hour intravenous infusion on days 2, 9, and 15, given every 28 days. Patients were evaluated for response after every 2 treatment cycles, and continued therapy until disease progression or prohibitive toxicity. The primary objective was to determine whether the combination produced a response rate of at least 30%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma received a total of 52 cycles of therapy (range: 1-10). Patients received the combination as first-line therapy for advanced disease (N = 5) or after prior chemotherapy used alone or in combination with local therapy. No patients had a confirmed objective response. The median time to treatment failure was 1.9 months (95% confidence intervals: 1.2, 2.6 months). Reasons for discontinuing therapy included progressive disease or death in 14 patients (74%) or because of adverse events or patient choice in 5 patients (26%). The most common grade 3 to 4 toxicities included leukopenia in 26%, anemia in 11%, myalgias in 11%, gastrointestinal bleeding in 11%, infection in 10%, and thrombosis in 10%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of weekly paclitaxel and bryostatin-1 is not an effective therapy for patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: New York Cancer Consortium (www.newyorkcancerconsortium.org), including the Montefiore-Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sparano
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vinciguerra
authors.forename: Allyson J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ocean
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Christos
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hochster
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.forename: Sridhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mani
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaubisch
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054713:Bryostatins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054713:Bryostatins; C046785:bryostatin 1; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D017239:Paclitaxel