title: Glomerular filtration rate measurement and prediction equations.
abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as the presence of kidney damage or a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) for three or more months. Measurement of serum creatinine is the most commonly used method to evaluated kidney function, but it must be included in formulas to estimate GFR, adjusting for age, gender and ethnicity, such as the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation. The performance of this equation is acceptable for patients with CKD but appears to under-estimate GFR in populations with unknown kidney status. A new formula has been developed recently. The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation appears to perform better than the MDRD equation. Cystatin C has been widely evaluated as a marker for GFR and seems to be more sensitive than creatinine. The aim of this review is to discuss the recommendations for detecting CKD, emphasizing the characteristics and limitations of GFR estimating equations and pitfalls in the evaluation of urinary albumin excretion.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas: Endocrinologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil.
authors.forename: Ariana Aguiar
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Tatiana Falcão
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Eyff
authors.forename: Raquel Barth
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Campani
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: Joíza Lins
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: Sandra Pinho
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Silveiro
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000652:urine; D000465:Algorithms; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000097:blood; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests
chemical_list: D055316:Cystatin C; D003404:Creatinine