High-fat diet followed by fasting disrupts circadian expression of adiponectin signaling pathway in muscle and adipose tissue.
The circadian clock controls energy homeostasis by regulating circadian expression of proteins involved in metabolism. Disruption of circadian rhythms leads to obesity and metabolic disorders. Little is known regarding the control of the biological clock over adiponectin signaling pathway in adipose tissue, the adiponectin producer, and muscle, an adiponectin target tissue under fasting, low-fat (LF), or high-fat (HF) diet. Mice were fed LF or HF diet for 7 weeks and fasted on the last day. The circadian mRNA expression of clock genes and components of adiponectin metabolic pathway (mAdipoR1, mAdipoR2, mPparalpha, mPpargamma, mAmpk, and mAcc) in the muscle and adipose tissue were tested. Using average daily levels of multiple time points around the circadian cycle, we assessed mRNA levels of the different adiponectin signaling components. In addition, serum glucose, adiponectin, and insulin were measured. Under LF diet, adiponectin signaling pathway components exhibited circadian rhythmicity at the mRNA levels. Fasting and HF diet followed by fasting disrupted this circadian expression causing a phase advance or delay, respectively. Changes were also found in the expression levels of adiponectin receptor, mAmpk, mAcc, mPparalpha, and mPpargamma reflecting a defect in adiponectin signaling. As both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) and mAMPK are linked to the core clock mechanism, they could mediate the disruptions seen in clock gene expression under HF diet. In turn, the circadian clock affects the daily rhythm of these adiponectin signaling components.
Barnea
Maayan
M
Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Madar
Zecharia
Z
Froy
Oren
O
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000235:genetics; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics; D056925:Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000235:genetics; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
D052242:Adiponectin; C499919:Adipoq protein, mouse; D001786:Blood Glucose; D056925:Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D047493:PPAR alpha; D047495:PPAR gamma; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; C475419:adiponectin receptor 1, mouse; C475421:adiponectin receptor 2, mouse; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase