title: Computed tomographic urography update: an evolving urinary tract imaging modality.
abstract: Multi-detector computed tomography urography (CTU) is now well established as the imaging modality of choice for comprehensive evaluation of the kidneys and urinary tract, having largely replaced excretory urography. Over the past decade, CTU techniques have continued to evolve with the goal of improving urothelial surface visualization. Numerous benign and malignant conditions of the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder can be accurately depicted by CTU. This article provides a contemporary review of CTU imaging protocols, image postprocessing techniques, appearances of various urinary tract pathologic conditions, and pitfalls in image interpretation.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Health System, Department of Radiology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5252, USA.
authors.forename: Zachary W
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Washburn
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Dillman
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Cohan
authors.forename: Elaine M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Caoili
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014567:Urography / Q000379:methods*; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media