Interactive effect of excitotoxic injury and dietary restriction on neurogenesis and neurotrophic factors in adult male rat brain.
Dietary restriction (DR) is known to have potential health benefits including enhanced resistance of neurons to excitotoxic, oxidative and metabolic insults, cancer, stress, diabetes, reduced morbidity, and increased life span. In the present study, we examined the effect of DR (alternate day feeding regimen) on neurogenesis, expression of immature neuronal marker polysialic acid neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) and neurotrophic factors from different brain regions such as subventricular zone (SVZ), subgranular zone (SGZ) of hippocampus, median eminence arcuate (ME-ARC) region of hypothalamus, and piriform cortex (PIR) of adult male rats and further challenged ad libitum fed (AL) and DR rats with pilocarpine to induce excitotoxic injury. The quantitative analysis of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling revealed a significant increase in the proliferation rate of neuronal progenitor cells from discrete brain regions in DR rats with and without pilocarpine induced seizures as compared to AL rats. DR significantly enhanced the expression of PSA-NCAM and neurotrophic factors, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). There was a marked reduction in neuronal cell death in SVZ and PIR cortex after pilocarpine administration in DR rats. These results add to the accumulating evidence that DR may be an effective intervention to enhance the resistance of brain to excitotoxic injury.
Kumar
Sushil
S
Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India.
Parkash
Jyoti
J
Kataria
Hardeep
H
Kaur
Gurcharan
G
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D008297:Male; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000633:toxicity; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012794:Sialic Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1; D012794:Sialic Acids; C103469:polysialyl neural cell adhesion molecule; D010862:Pilocarpine