title: Assessment of polymicrobial infections in ticks in New York state.
abstract: Ixodes scapularis ticks are clinically important hematophagous vectors. A single tick bite can lead to a polymicrobial infection. We determined the prevalence of polymicrobial infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, Borrelia miyamotoi, and Powassan virus in 286 adult ticks from the two counties in New York State where Lyme disease is endemic, utilizing a MassTag multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay. Seventy-one percent of the ticks harbored at least one organism; 30% had a polymicrobial infection. Infections with three microbes were detected in 5% of the ticks. One tick was infected with four organisms. Our results show that coinfection is a frequent occurrence in ticks in the two counties surveyed.
authors.affiliation: Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Rafal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tokarz
authors.forename: Komal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Ashlee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Briese
authors.forename: W Ian
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Lipkin
mesh_terms: D041081:Anaplasma phagocytophilum / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D041001:Babesia microti / Q000502:physiology*; D001898:Borrelia / Q000502:physiology*; D025065:Borrelia burgdorferi / Q000502:physiology; D003870:Dermacentor / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D004669:Encephalitis Viruses, Tick-Borne / Q000502:physiology*; D018884:Ixodes / Q000382:microbiology; D009518:New York; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction