title: Effect of android to gynoid fat ratio on insulin resistance in obese youth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Upper body fat distribution is associated with the early development of insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine if an android to gynoid fat ratio is associated with the severity of insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents, whereas peripheral subcutaneous fat may have a protective effect against insulin resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pediatric department of University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis using data from medical consultations between January 2005 and January 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 66 obese children and adolescents coming to the hospital for medical consultation were used in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were stratified into tertiles of android to gynoid fat ratio determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Insulin resistance was assessed by the homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences in weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage between tertiles. Values of HOMA-IR were significantly increased in the 2 higher tertiles (mean [SD], tertile 2, 2.73 [1.41]; tertile 3, 2.89 [1.28]) compared with the lower tertile (tertile 1, 1.67 [1.24]) of android to gynoid fat ratio (P < .001). The HOMA-IR value was significantly associated with android to gynoid fat ratio (r = 0.35; P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Android fat distribution is associated with an increased insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents. An android to gynoid fat ratio based on dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measurements is a useful and simple technique to assess distribution of body fat associated with an increased risk of insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Exercise Biology, Blaise Pascal University, Bâtiment de Biologie B, Complexe Universitaire des Cézeaux, Aubière Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aucouturier
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thivel
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taillardat
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duché
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001823:Body Composition; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index