Paradoxical sleep deprivation: neurochemical, hormonal and behavioral alterations. Evidence from 30 years of research.
Sleep comprises approximately one-third of a person's lifetime, but its impact on health and medical conditions remains partially unrecognized. The prevalence of sleep disorders is increasing in modern societies, with significant repercussions on people's well-being. This article reviews past and current literature on the paradoxical sleep deprivation method as well as data on its consequences to animals, ranging from behavioral changes to alterations in the gene expression. More specifically, we highlight relevant experimental studies and our group's contribution over the last three decades.
Tufik
Sergio
S
Departamento de Psicobiologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. stufik@psicobio.epm.br
Andersen
Monica L
ML
Bittencourt
Lia R A
LR
Mello
Marco T de
MT
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology
D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents