[Hepato-biliary and pancreatic disease and osteodystrophy].
It is well known that insulin resistance affects osteodystrophy, and there is an important relationship between insulin resistance and hepato-biliary disease. It is also well known that hepato-biliary and pancreatic disease is associated with osteodystrophy. In the present review, we describe the mechanism of diabetes and osteodystrophy due to hepato-biliary and pancreatic disease. Hepatic osteodystrophy is associated with malabsorption, abnormalities of vitamin D metabolism, inflammatory cytokines, receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand, and insulin-like growth factor-1. In particular, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and malabsorption are important factors for viral and alcoholic hepatitis, respectively. Malabsorption due to steatorrhea is important for cholestatic disease and chronic pancreatitis. A greater focus on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and further investigations to clarify the relationship between osteodystrophy and NASH are needed.
Imaeda
Kenro
K
Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medicine.
Nojiri
Shunsuke
S
D000818:Animals; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D008286:Malabsorption Syndromes / Q000209:etiology; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000209:etiology
D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I