Vagus nerve stimulation.
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a key tool in the treatment of patients with medically refractory epilepsy. Although the mechanism of action of VNS remains poorly understood, this modality is now the most widely used nonpharmacological treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy. The goal of this work is to review the history of VNS and provide information on recent advances and applications of this technology.
Lulic
Dzenan
D
Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Ahmadian
Amir
A
Baaj
Ali A
AA
Benbadis
Selim R
SR
Vale
Fernando L
FL
D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000628:therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D018579:Patient Selection; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055536:Vagus Nerve Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
D000927:Anticonvulsants