title: Impact of 9 days of bed rest on hepatic and peripheral insulin action, insulin secretion, and whole-body lipolysis in healthy young male offspring of patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of 9 days of bed rest on insulin secretion, insulin action, and whole-body glucose and fat metabolism in first-degree relative (FDR) and matched control (CON) subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 13 FDR and 20 CON subjects participated in the study. All were studied before and after 9 days of bed rest using the clamp technique combined with indirect calorimetry preceded by an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Glucose and glycerol turnover rates were studied using stable isotope kinetics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bed rest caused a significant decrease in whole-body insulin sensitivity in both groups. Hepatic insulin resistance was elevated in FDR subjects prior to bed rest and was significantly augmented by bed rest in FDR (P < 0.01) but not in CON (P = NS) subjects. The rate of whole-body lipolysis decreased during bed rest in both FDR and CON subjects, with no significant differences between the groups. Insulin resistance induced by bed rest was fully accounted for by the impairment of nonoxidative glucose metabolism in both groups (overall P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whole-body insulin action in both insulin-resistant FDR and healthy CON subjects deteriorates with 9 days of bed rest, converging toward similar degrees of whole-body insulin resistance. FDR subjects exhibit hepatic insulin resistance (HIR), which, in contrast to CON subjects, deteriorates in response to physical inactivity. FDR subjects exhibit reduced insulin secretion when seen in relation to their degree of HIR but not peripheral insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Centre, Gentofte, Denmark. aagv@steno.dk
authors.forename: Amra C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Alibegovic
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Højbjerre
authors.forename: Mette P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sonne
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Hall
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stallknecht
authors.forename: Flemming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dela
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaag
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001510:Bed Rest; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008066:Lipolysis; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin