title: The status of penile enhancement procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Most men who request surgical penile enhancement have a normal-sized and fully functional penis but visualize their penises as small (psychological dysmorphism). This fact by itself leads to controversy regarding the true indications for penile enhancement procedures in men without micropenis.
  One of the typical aspects of penile enhancement is the lack of true methodological evaluation of the more commonly performed procedures. Even recently, only few solid scientific studies are available which can shed some light on results and outcome of these controversial procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although some additional data has emerged during the past year, there is still no consensus in regard to indications and surgical techniques used for penile augmentation or penile girth enhancement. There is further need for more studies to provide a better overview of the value and worthiness of these procedures.
authors.affiliation: NeuroUrology Unit, Rambam Healthcare Campus and Technion Faculty of Medicine, POB 9602, Haifa, Israel. yvardi@rambam.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Vardi
authors.forename: Ilan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gruenwald
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000601:surgery*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000639:trends*