title: Hydatid disease of the skull base: report of three cases and a literature review.
abstract: We report three cases of hydatid disease of the skull base and the treatment thereof. The first involved the anterior cranial fossa and paranasal sinuses. The second was located in the infratemporal fossa. The last involved the temporal bone and posterior cranial fossa. Hydatid disease is endemic in many parts of the world where livestock farming is practiced and is highly endemic in sub-Saharan Africa. Although hydatid disease of the head and neck is rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cystic disease in the head and neck region. Of the three forms of hydatid disease, Echinococcus granulosis is most common and gives rise to cystic hydatid disease. Most hydatid cysts are "silent," but become clinically apparent because of their mass effects, when they rupture, or if they become superinfected. Computed tomography scanning and magnetic resonance imaging are the best diagnostic tools. Hydatid disease can be successfully treated by a combination of surgery and chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology, University of Cape Town Medical School, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.
authors.forename: Oliver W
authors.initials: OW
authors.lastname: Raynham
authors.forename: Wakisa
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mulwafu
authors.forename: Johannes J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fagan