title: Layering of [BMIM]+-based ionic liquids at a charged sapphire interface.
abstract: The structure of two model room temperature ionic liquids, [BMIM](+)[PF(6)](-) and [BMIM](+)[BF(4)](-), near the solid/liquid interface with charged Al(2)O(3)(0001) (sapphire) was determined with subnanometer resolution by high energy (72.5 keV) x-ray reflectivity. [BMIM](+)[PF(6)](-) exhibits alternately charged, exponentially decaying, near-surface layering. By contrast, the smaller-anion compound, [BMIM](+)[BF(4)](-), shows only a single layer of enhanced electron density at the interface. The different layering behaviors, and their characteristic length scales, correspond well to the different bulk diffraction patterns, also measured in this study. Complementary measurements of the surface and interface energies showed no significant different between the two RTILs. The combined bulk-interface results support the conclusion that the interfacial ordering is dominated by the same electrostatic ion-ion interactions dominating the bulk correlations, with hydrogen bonding and dispersion interactions playing only a minor role.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institut für Metallforschung, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany. mmezger@lbl.gov
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mezger
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schramm
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reichert
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deutsch
authors.forename: Emerson J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: De Souza
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Okasinski
authors.forename: Benjamin M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Ocko
authors.forename: Veijo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Honkimäki
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dosch