title: Validation of the human activity profile in HIV-positive individuals on HAART.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study tested the validity of the Human Activity Profile (HAP) in an HIV-positive population receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The HAP is a 94-item questionnaire for estimating functional capacity based on estimated metabolic equivalents for activities of daily living.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six HIV-positive participants (24 male, 2 female; age 46.0 +/- 9.3 years) receiving HAART completed the HAP and an exercise protocol (Balke treadmill test). The HAP yields a maximal activity score (MAS) and adjusted activity score (AAS; MAS minus activities no longer performed). Twelve participants also completed another nonexercise questionnaire (NEx).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean maximal oxygen uptake values (VO(2max)) were normally distributed, similar to non-HIV-positive normative data (37.73 +/- 6.95 mL O2*kg-1*min-1) and poorly correlated with MAS and AAS (r = 0.27 and rho = 0.32, respectively), possibly due to a ceiling effect. Estimated VO(2max) from the NEx was not significantly different than measured VO2max and was highly correlated (r = 0.82).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HAP is not a valid indicator of functional capacity for HIV-positive patients on HAART. The lack of functional impairment suggests that, in the absence of other clinically relevant limitations, HIV-positive individuals on HAART may benefit from exercise prescriptions developed similarly for non-HIV-positive individuals, based on the NEx or submaximal testing protocols, without requiring adaptive strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, College of Education, University of Hawaii - Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA. hetzler@hawaii.edu
authors.forename: Ronald K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Hetzler
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stickley
authors.forename: Cecilia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Shikuma
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: Courtney E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Iris F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Alexis T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Barnett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000254:growth & development*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D013147:Spirometry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*