title: High-fat diets induce a rapid loss of the insulin anorectic response in the amygdala.
abstract: Intracerebroventricular insulin decreases food intake (FI). The central bed nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), as other regions of the brain regulating feeding behavior, expresses insulin receptors. Our objectives were to show an insulin anorectic response in the amygdala, study the effect of high-fat diets on this response, and map the neural network activated by CeA insulin using c-Fos immunohistochemistry. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fitted with unilateral CeA cannulas were adapted to a low-fat (LFD) diet before they were fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Their feeding response to CeA saline or insulin (8 mU) was tested after 24 h, 72 h, or 7 days of being on a HFD. In a second experiment, SD rats were fed the HFD for 3, 7, or 49 days and were then refed with the LFD. They were tested for their insulin response before and after an HFD and every 3 days for the following weeks. Insulin tolerance tests were performed in a parallel group of rats. The CeA insulin stimulation c-Fos expression was studied to identify the distribution of activated neuronal populations. Feeding an HFD for 72 h or more induced a CeA, but not peripheral, insulin resistance, which was slowly reversed by LFD refeeding. The duration of HFD feeding determined the time frame for reversal of the insulin resistance. CeA insulin increased c-Fos in multiple brain regions, including the arcuate nucleus/paraventricular nucleus region of the hypothalamus. We conclude that the amygdala may be an important site for insulin regulation of food intake and may have a significant role in determining susceptibility to HFD-induced obesity.
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Nutrition, Utah State University, Logan, Utah 84322, USA. stephane.boghossian@usu.edu
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boghossian
authors.forename: Karalee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lemmon
authors.forename: Miejung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: York
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D000855:Anorexia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos