title: Associations of common variants in genes involved in metabolism and response to exogenous chemicals with risk of multiple myeloma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We examined risk of multiple myeloma (MM) associated with variants in genes involved in metabolism and response to exogenous chemicals [cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP1B1, CYP2C9), epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase receptor (AHR), and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1)].
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 279 MM cases and 782 controls in a pooled analysis of two population-based case-control studies. One common variant from each candidate gene was genotyped using DNA from blood or buccal cells. We estimated risk of MM associated with each genotype, controlling for race, gender, study site, and age, using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evaluations of the CYP1B1 V432L variant (rs1056836) suggested increased risk of MM among persons with the CG and GG genotypes compared to the CC genotype [OR (95% CI)=1.4 (1.0-2.0)]. Similar results were seen in analyses stratified by race and gender. We did not find any associations between MM and the CYP2C9, EPHX1, NQO1, or PON1 genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CYP1B1 activates chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins to create oxidized, reactive intermediates, and higher gene activity has been shown for the G allele. We conducted the largest analysis to date on MM and these genetic variants and our results provide preliminary evidence that variation in CYP1B1 may influence susceptibility to MM.
authors.affiliation: Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA. lgold@fhcrc.org
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: Anneclaire J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: De Roos
authors.forename: Elizabeth E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Milliken
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chanock
authors.forename: Yawei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Severson
authors.forename: Sheila H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zahm
authors.forename: Tongzhang
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Nat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: Dalsu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baris
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D065633:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D004147:Dioxins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C585496:CYP1B1 protein, human; D065633:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1