title: In-utero stenting: development of a low-cost high-fidelity task trainer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop an in-utero stent placement training model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The in-utero stent task trainer was constructed using a formalin-preserved gravid pig uterus. Altering the size of the uterine segment, changing the fluid level in the uterus and addition of a large Ziploc freezer bag variably filled with differing amounts of ultrasound gel can vary the procedural skill required.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thoracoamniotic and vesicoamniotic shunts can be simulated using this life-like model. The cost of eight to 10 learning stations is approximately US $ 60. Fetal position, maternal size and amniotic fluid status can be altered rapidly to increase the complexity of the procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This low-cost and realistic task trainer can provide the opportunity to practice in-utero shunt procedures in a non-clinical environment. This model should enhance learning and reinforce acquired skills.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Nitsche
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: McWeeney
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Schwendemann
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Brost
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006876:Hydrothorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology / Q000601:surgery*; D023421:Models, Animal; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000191:economics / Q000193:education* / Q000295:instrumentation; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine; D014463:Ultrasonography; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*