title: A reduction in severe hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes in a randomized crossover study of continuous intraperitoneal compared with subcutaneous insulin infusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII) with the DiaPort system using regular insulin was compared to continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) using insulin Lispro, to investigate the frequency of hypoglycemia, blood glucose control, quality of life, and safety.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this open, randomized, controlled, cross-over, multinational, 12-month study, 60 type 1 diabetic patients with frequent hypoglycemia and/or HbA1c > 7.0% with CSII were randomized to CIPII or CSII. The aim was to obtain the best possible blood glucose while avoiding hypoglycemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of any hypoglycemia was similar (CIPII 118.2 (SD 82.6) events / patient year, CSII 115.8 (SD 75.7) p = 0.910). The incidence of severe hypoglycemia with CSII was more than twice the one with CIPII (CIPII 34.8 events / 100 patient years, CSII 86.1, p = 0.013). HbA1c, mean blood glucose, and glucose fluctuations were not statistically different. Treatment-related severe complications occurred mainly during CIPII: port infections (0.47 events / patient year), abdominal pain (0.21 events / patient year), insulin underdelivery (0.14 events / patient year). Weight gain was greater with CSII (+ 1.5 kg vs. - 0.1 kg, p = 0.013), quality of life better with CIPII.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In type 1 diabetes CIPII with DiaPort reduces the number of severe episodes of hypoglycemia and improves quality of life with no weight gain. Because of complications, indications for CIPII must be strictly controlled. CIPII with DiaPort is an alternative therapy when CSII is not fully successful and provides an easy method of intraperitoneal therapy.
authors.affiliation: Center for Diabetes and Metabolism, Fachklinik, Woernerweg 30, Bad Heilbrunn, Germany. dr.liebl@t-online.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liebl
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoogma
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Renard
authors.forename: P H L M
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Geelhoed-Duijvestijn
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Diglas
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Melki
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Diem
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brun
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schaepelynck-Bélicar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frei
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral / Q000592:standards*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D007332:Insulin Infusion Systems / Q000592:standards*; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro