title: Measurement of the trajectory of different NiTi rotary instruments in an artificial canal specifically designed for cyclic fatigue tests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the trajectory of NiTi rotary instruments of the same size but different design in an artificial root canal manufactured for cyclic fatigue test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight groups of instruments with tip size 25, 0.06 taper with different design were tested in a simulated root canal with an angle of curvature of 60 degrees and radius of curvature of 5 mm milled in a stainless steel block with a tapered shape corresponding to the dimensions of the instruments tested. Geometric analysis of the trajectory that each instrument followed inside the artificial canal was performed on digital images, determining 3 parameters: angle and radius of the curvature and the position of the center of the curvature. Mean values were then calculated for each group. Data were analyzed using 1-way ANOVA and Holm t test to determine any statistical difference (P < .05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the instruments tested followed the curvature established with little variations and ANOVA test did not show significant difference among the different groups for all the parameters analyzed (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study emphasized the importance of using an artificial canal specifically constructed on the dimensions of the instrument tested to reduce this approximation in cyclic fatigue tests. The artificial canal manufactured for the present study seems to guarantee that different NiTi rotary instruments may follow a precise and repeteable trajectory in terms of radius and angle of curvature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Science, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. gplotino@fastwebnet.it
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plotino
authors.forename: Nicola M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cordaro
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Testarelli
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gambarini
mesh_terms: D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; C040654:titanium nickelide; D013193:Stainless Steel; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium