title: Management strategies when implanted cardioverter defibrillator leads fail: survey findings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Defibrillator implanters have adopted different approaches to managing failures of multicomponent implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) leads. Although recent publications identified single-component failures as common mechanisms of failure, there are no published data regarding how best to manage these failures.
  
  
  METHODS
  An internet-based survey was conducted to identify current management strategies. Questions were asked regarding isolated failure of a high-voltage coil or of a pace/sense electrode, in order to identify the frequency of various techniques to correct these failures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A worldwide query collected strategies from 376 physicians identifying themselves as ICD-implanting physicians. Replies came from 28 countries, with the USA accounting for 83.2%. The survey was completed by 85.6% of respondents. Implant experience was >10 years for 61.1%, 3-10 years for 29.1%, and <3 years for 10.4%. When the right ventricular coil failed, 52% abandoned and 48% explanted the failed lead. In superior vena cava coil failure, 61.2% chose to simply exclude this coil, using the other intact lead components. For pace/sense defects, 53.1% chose to implant a new pace/sense lead or switch sensing electrodes, using the intact lead components. Medical literature (76.1%), personal experience (67.6%), and professional guidelines (63.7%) were strong decision-making influences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Management decisions for single-component failures of ICD leads are complex; (2) Significant differences in management strategy exist among physicians; (3) Medical literature and professional guidelines are strong influences for these decisions; (4) A lead failure registry could help identify reasons for such differences and help guide management.
authors.affiliation: Washington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hans J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Pamela E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Karasik
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Franz
authors.forename: Steve N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Fletcher
mesh_terms: D003625:Data Collection; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D020878:Device Removal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004868:Equipment Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*