title: HE4 as a biomarker for ovarian and endometrial cancer management.
abstract: Ovarian and endometrial cancer will be diagnosed in over 63,000 women in 2009, resulting in 22,000 deaths in the USA. Histologic screening, such as pap smears for detection of cervical cancer, is not feasible for these diseases given difficulty with access to the tissue. Thus, a serum- screening test using a biomarker or panel of biomarkers would be useful to aid in cancer diagnosis, detection of recurrence and as a means to monitor response to therapy. In this review, we focus on the human epididymis protein (HE)4 gene, which appears to have potential as a biomarker for both of these diseases. The structure and methods of detection of HE4 are discussed. Preliminary data show that HE4 may have more potential than cancer antigen 125 in discriminating benign from cancerous ovarian masses, and has the strongest correlation with endometrial cancer of all markers tested to date. Utilizing risk stratification, a panel of biomarkers including HE4 may ultimately be useful for detecting ovarian and endometrial cancer at an early stage in patients at high risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine at Savannah, Savannah, GA 31404, USA. li_s@mercer.edu
authors.forename: Jinping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dowdy
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tipton
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Podratz
authors.forename: Wei-Guo
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Shi-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D030501:Epididymal Secretory Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D023083:beta-Defensins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C426184:DEFB126 protein, human; D030501:Epididymal Secretory Proteins; D023083:beta-Defensins