Endothelium and vascular smooth muscle cells in the context of uremia.
It is obvious that retention of uremic toxins leads to endothelial dysfunction, which in turn initiates proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. Yet, the entity of the cascade of pathomechanisms has not sufficiently been elucidated. Endothelial dysfunction inevitably and irreversibly leads to progressive cardiovascular dysfunction and thereby represents the beginning of a life-limiting cascade. This review highlights important findings in this field.
Günthner
Thomas
T
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Medizinische Klinik IV (CBF), Berlin, Germany.
Jankowski
Vera
V
Kretschmer
Axel
A
Nierhaus
Marc
M
van der Giet
Markus
M
Zidek
Walter
W
Jankowski
Joachim
J
D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D014511:Uremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology