title: Parent-child agreement in report of nighttime respiratory symptoms and sleep disruptions and quality.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma control requires assessment of nighttime symptoms and sleep disruption. Cognitive and emotional development enables most school-aged children to report nocturnal problems, but providers often rely only on parental report, potentially limiting the comprehensiveness of their assessments and their ability to support the child's emerging efforts at shared management of their illness. This study investigated parent-child concordance in report of nighttime respiratory symptoms, sleep disruption, and quality of sleep in a sample of 9- to 11-year-old children with asthma. Secondarily, similar concordance patterns in an equal number of dyads where the child was asthma free were examined to illustrate the potential influence of asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parents and children completed 1-week diaries in their homes without confiding in one another. The probability of knowing the child's report on a specific item if the parent's report was known was assessed using contingency tables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within the asthma group, parent-child reports differed significantly across all symptoms and sleep parameters. Parents most often reported fewer symptoms and awakenings and better quality of sleep than did their child. Concordance rates were lowest for morning perceptions of tiredness, sleepiness, and alertness in both asthma and non-asthma groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both parents and school-aged children with asthma need to be asked about nighttime asthma symptoms, sleep, and morning perceptions when attempting to evaluate asthma control. Assessment of sleep in all children should include parent and child reports and would benefit by the addition of objective measures.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington School of Nursing, Department of Family and Child Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195-7265, USA. gailmk@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Gail M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Kieckhefer
authors.forename: Martha J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lentz
authors.forename: Shao-Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Teresa M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*