title: Clinical predictors of duration of action of cisatracurium and rocuronium administered long-term.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The duration of action of neuromuscular blocking drugs (NBDs) varies between individuals and even within individuals in different settings.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To define predictors of variance in duration of action of rocuronium and cisatracurium administered long-term.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, double-blind, multicenter trial that included 113 patients scheduled for major abdominal surgery and postoperative admission to the intensive care unit. Patients received repetitive (median, 7) equipotent doses of rocuronium or cisatracurium to maintain deep relaxation (twitch height of the adductor pollicis muscle <25% of baseline). Effects of weight, age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists risk score, lowest core temperature, duration of NBD administration, and tobacco smoking history on duration of action of cisatracurium and rocuronium were determined via multiple regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only duration of NBD administration was predictive of the duration of action of rocuronium. The predicted increase in time to recovery of the train-of-4 ratio to 0.9 (duration TOF 0.9) per hour of continuous NBD treatment was 12.4 minutes. In contrast, only lowest core body temperature was predictive of cisatracurium's duration of action, and the predicted increase in duration TOF 0.9 per degree Celsius decrease was 9.8 min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Duration of NBD treatment is strongly predictive of the duration of action of rocuronium, and body temperature is predictive of the duration of action of cisatracurium. These data may help decrease the incidence of drug-induced muscle weakness in recovery rooms and surgical intensive care units, particularly if neuromuscular transmission monitoring is not available.
authors.affiliation: Universität Duisburg-Essen and Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany. philipp.fassbender@uk-essen.de
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fassbender
authors.forename: Götz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Geldner
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blobner
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hofmockel
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rex
authors.forename: Shiva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gautam
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malhotra
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eikermann
mesh_terms: D000732:Androstanols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D001279:Atracurium / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004576:Electromyography; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D000077123:Rocuronium; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000732:Androstanols; D009466:Neuromuscular Blocking Agents; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D001279:Atracurium; C101584:cisatracurium; D000077123:Rocuronium