Apoptogenic and necrogenic effects of mercuric acetate on the chromatin structure of K562 human erythroleukemia cells.
Time lapse video photography was used to follow the movement of individual cells after in vitro treatment with Hg(II) acetate. Cellular changes of mercuric ions were characterized by their properties of causing reduced cellular mobility (10-50microM), and complete lack of cellular movement at higher concentrations (100-1000microM). Results show that after mercury treatment at subtoxic levels (1microM): (a) chromatin changes were the earliest signs of cytotoxicity, (b) two major parts in nuclear material of K562 erythroleukemia cells could be distinguished, highly condensed supercoiled and decondensed veil-like chromatin, (c) decondensed chromosomes were rejected as clustered puffs and (d) often the nuclear material was broken down to apoptotic bodies. Nuclear changes caused by Hg(II) acetate in the concentration range between 10 and 50microM were characterized by apoptosis seen as broken nuclei and apoptotic bodies. High concentration of Hg(2+) ions (100microM) initiated necrotic nuclear changes, with enlarged leaky or opened nuclei.
Farkas
Erzsebet
E
Department of Microbial Biotechnology and Cell Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Ujvarosi
Kinga
K
Nagy
Gabor
G
Posta
Jozsef
J
Banfalvi
Gaspar
G
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002843:Chromatin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D020014:K562 Cells; D008628:Mercury / Q000633:toxicity*; D009336:Necrosis
D002843:Chromatin; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008628:Mercury; C029823:mercuric acetate