title: Smooth muscle LDL receptor-related protein-1 inactivation reduces vascular reactivity and promotes injury-induced neointima formation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Defective smooth muscle expression of LDL receptor-related protein-1 (Lrp1) increases atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice. This study explored the importance of smooth muscle Lrp1 expression under normolipidemic conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Smooth muscle cells isolated from control (smLrp1(+/+)) and smooth muscle-specific Lrp1 knockout (smLrp1(-/-)) mice were characterized based on morphology, smooth muscle marker protein expression levels, and growth rates in vitro. Vascular functions were assessed by aortic constrictive response to agonist stimulation in situ and neointimal hyperplasia to carotid arterial injury in vivo. The smLrp1(-/-) smooth muscle cells displayed reduced alpha-actin and calponin expression and an accelerated growth rate attribtuable to sustained phosphorylation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PRGFR) and protein kinase B/Akt. Vasoconstrictive response to agonist stimulation was impaired in aortic rings isolated from smLrp1(-/-) mice. Injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia was significantly increased in smLrp1(-/-) mice. The increase in neointima was associated with corresponding elevated activation of PDGFR signaling pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smooth muscle expression of Lrp1 is important in maintaining normal vascular functions under normolipidemic conditions. The absence of Lrp1 expression results in greater smooth muscle cell proliferation, deficient contractile protein expression, impairment of vascular contractility, and promotion of denudation-induced neointimal hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Basford
authors.forename: Zachary W Q
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herz
authors.forename: David Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Hui
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011336:Probability; D011897:Random Allocation; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011973:Receptors, LDL