title: Comparison of sonography and scintigraphy in the evaluation of gallbladder functional studies with cholecystokinin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Both sonography and scintigraphy have been used to evaluate gallbladder function with the use of sincalide (cholecystokinin [CCK]). However, the reported ejection fractions (EFs) for the two modalities are not the same. The techniques measure slightly different parameters. This study directly compared both techniques performed simultaneously on the same participants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty healthy volunteers were evaluated with sonography and scintigraphy to estimate the gallbladder EF simultaneously. The gallbladder EF was calculated at 5-minute intervals for 1 hour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean EFs +/- SD were 66.3% +/- 20% and 49% +/- 29% for sonography and scintigraphy, respectively. The mean times to the peak EF were 38 +/- 12 and 33 +/- 9 minutes for sonography and scintigraphy. An average time of 34 minutes was noted after radiopharmaceutical injection before CCK administration for the scintigraphic studies. The earliest time to the peak EF for sonography was 15 minutes, and the latest time to the peak EF was 60 minutes (mode, 40 minutes); for scintigraphy, the earliest and latest times were 15 and 50 minutes (mode, 30 minutes), respectively. One participant could not be evaluated secondary to nonfilling of the gallbladder on scintigraphy. There was wider variability of the gall-bladder EF with scintigraphy than sonography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Scintigraphy estimated a lower EF than sonography, had wider EF variability than sonography, and required additional time (>30 minutes more) to complete the study. Scintigraphy could not be performed in 5% of the participants because of nonfilling of the gallbladder. The use of sonography to estimate the gallbladder EF is less time-consuming and less costly. With these techniques, the range of normal gallbladder EFs should be adjusted for the technique used.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Consultants, Inc, Youngstown, OH 44512, USA. rgbarr@zoominternet.net
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: Taka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Grajo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D003287:Contrast Media; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012844:Sincalide; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D003287:Contrast Media; D002766:Cholecystokinin; D012844:Sincalide