title: Bronchial anthracostenosis with mediastinal fibrosis associated with long-term wood-smoke exposure.
abstract: Bronchial anthracostenosis describes a disease entity consisting of bronchial destruction, deformity and stenosis related to dark pigmentation on bronchoscopy in patients with a history of coal workers' pneumoconiosis or chronic exposure to biomass smoke. The combined occurrence of bronchial anthracostenosis and mediastinal fibrosis in association with wood-smoke exposure has not been previously reported. This case report describes a non-cigarette smoking elderly woman who developed bronchial anthracostenosis and mediastinal fibrosis after long-term exposure to wood smoke. Clinical and radiological improvements were achieved after treatment with corticosteroid and tamoxifen. Awareness of this unusual entity will help to avoid misdiagnosis of malignancy or unnecessary thoracotomy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. bss-vb@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Viboon
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boonsarngsuk
authors.forename: Thitiporn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suwatanapongched
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rochanawutanon
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D055008:Anthracosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011859:Radiography; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015208:Smoke Inhalation Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D012906:Smoke; D013629:Tamoxifen