title: Intracerebroventricular administration of leptin increases anxiety-like behavior in female rats after semi-starvation--implications for anxiety in eating disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with eating disorders often exhibit abnormal eating conditions like food restriction, adipocyte and body weight reduction, and pathologic anxiety-like behavior. The role of leptin, which is recognized as an adipocyte-derived hormone, on anxiety-like behavior in eating disorders is still unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the role of leptin on anxiety-like behavior with or without semi-starvation using the elevated plus-maze test in adolescent female rats. In our first experiment, anxiety-like behavior was evaluated with the elevated plus-maze test 30 min after intracerebroventricular administration of 3 microg of leptin or vehicle. In our second experiment, the rats were allowed access to food for only 2 hr each day for 7 days. Then, leptin or vehicle was administered to the rats after the last 2 hr feeding period, and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated in the same way as in the first experiment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first experiment, there was no difference between the anxiety-like behaviors observed after leptin administration and those seen after vehicle administration. Under the conditions of semi-starvation, however, the percentage of time spent in the open arms in the rats given leptin was lower than that in rats given vehicle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that leptin administration causes anxiety-like behavior only after semistarvation. Leptin might play an important role in pathologic anxiety-like behavior in eating disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Osaka City University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan. tyamauchi@msic.med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Teruaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Nosuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kiriike
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000523:psychology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology*; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D004971:Estrus; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D020738:Leptin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D018782:Maze Learning; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013217:Starvation / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone