Artemisia capillaris inhibits lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and obesity in C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat diet.
The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of the Artemisia capillaris ethyl acetate (ACE) fraction on diet-induced obesity and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. The ACE fraction treatment decreased the leptin level and fat accumulation in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the free fatty acids released in the medium. The ACE fraction significantly suppressed the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To determine the effect of the ACE fraction on C57BL/6J male mice, the mice were separated into six groups: normal control (N), N plus 0.1 g/kg body weight ACE (NB), high fat control group (HF), HF plus 0.05 g/kg of body weight ACE (HFA), HF plus 0.1 g/kg of body weight ACE (HFB), and HF plus 0.03 g/kg of body weight rosiglitazone (RG) groups. We speculate that the HFB group exhibits a lipid-lowering effect via increased mitochondrial beta-oxidation, of which the rate-limiting enzyme is carnitine palmitoyl transferase I, the activity of which was significantly increased. Also, the activity of fatty acid synthase, a key enzyme of fatty acid synthesis, was markedly suppressed (19%) in the HFB group, as compared to the HF group, and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, which is very useful in studying adipogenic differentiation in vitro, was markedly suppressed (30%) in the HFB group compared with the HF group. Furthermore, the HFB group showed lowered hepatic lipid droplet accumulation and adipose tissue weight and size. We suggest that 0.1 g of the ACE fraction/kg of body weight may exert an anti-obesity effect in C57BL/6J mice by enhancing lipid metabolism.
Hong
Jung-Hee
JH
The Center for Traditional Microorganism Resources Center, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Hwang
Eun-Young
EY
Kim
Hyun-Jeong
HJ
Jeong
Yun-Jeong
YJ
Lee
In Seon
IS
D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005419:Flavonoids; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D020738:Leptin; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014280:Triglycerides; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D005993:Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase