title: Evaluation of molecular markers in a rat model of mammary carcinogenesis.
abstract: We sought to evaluate the molecular markers involved in breast tumorigenesis in a rat model that mimics many essential elements of human breast cancer. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. Animals in group 1 were given a single dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) (20 mg/rat) dissolved in 1 ml of sesame oil by intragastric intubation. Group 2 animals received basal diet and served as control. We analyzed DMBA-induced changes in the expression of CYP isoforms (CYP1A1 and 1B1) involved in DMBA metabolism, markers of oxidative stress (4HNE, HEL, and 8-OHdG), cell survival and proliferation (PCNA, NF-kappaB-p50, NF-kappaB-p65, GST-P, and p53), apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, caspases, Apaf-1, cytochrome C, and Fas), invasion (uPA, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-2, and RECK), and angiogenesis (VEGF, VEGF-R1, HIF-1alpha, and PLGF) by immunohistochemical localization, Western blot, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. The present study demonstrates increased carcinogen metabolism, oxidative stress, cell proliferation, together with apoptosis evasion, invasion, metastasis, and neovascularization that may confer a selective growth advantage to DMBA-induced mammary tumors. Aberrant expression of multiple molecules in key signaling pathways in Sprague-Dawley rat mammary tumors renders this model as an important tool for monitoring carcinogenic progression and chemointervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vinothini
authors.forename: R Senthil
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Murugan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagini
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002273:Carcinogens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene