title: [Consumption of oral analgesics and dosage forms in elderly patients: population-based study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to describe the consumption of oral analgesics (OA) in people aged inverted exclamation >or= 65 years, and distinguish between easy-to-swallow (ETS) formulations and solid forms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Real data study with a cross sectional design. Electronic anonymous medical records of one year of primary care activity (July 2007-June 2008) were retrospectively reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  patients aged inverted exclamation >or= 65 years receiving OA. Subgroups: institutionalized/non institutionalized. It was considered the oral analgesics use as a principal variable.
  
  
  METHODS
  socio-demographic, pharmaceutical formulations (solid and ETS), co morbidities, type of analgesics, geriatric scales (Minimental, Barthel) and poly-medication. Multiple logistic regression analysis models were applied. Program SPSSWIN, statistical signification p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall 78 % patients regularly consumed OA. 11,344 patients were studied; mean age 75.1 +/- 7 years; female 61.5 %. Two percent of patients were institutionalized and were older (OR = 1.2), predominantly female (OR = 1.3), had more co morbidity (OR = 3.5; p < 0.001) and lower geriatric scale scores. OA were 13.8 % of total drug consumption (CI 95 %, 13.2-14.4 %); NSAIDs 69.5 % and opioids 17.6 %. Poly-medication 90.6 % (96 % institutionalized vs. 90.5 % non institutionalized; p = 0.019). 31.1 % of patients used ETS whose use was associated with stroke (OR = 2.7), neuropathy (OR = 2.4; p < 0.001) and urinary incontinence. Institutionalized patients consumption of paracetamol, tramadol and aceclofenac was higher (54.3 %, 19 % and 7.6 %, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of OA was high, particularly in institutionalized patients. NSAIDs use was higher than expected compared to opioids that were lower than expected. The use of ETS analgesics was lower than expected given the reduced swallowing capacity of elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Dirección de Planificación, Badalona Serveis Assistencials, Badalona, Barcelona, España. asicras@bsa.cat
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sicras-Mainar
authors.forename: Salomé
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Cambra-Florensa
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Navarro-Artieda
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004304:Dosage Forms; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D009294:Narcotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010045:Outpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019338:Polypharmacy; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004304:Dosage Forms; D009294:Narcotics