title: Pre-treatment serum and plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) in gastric cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The invasion and metastases of gastric cancer (GC) depends on the activities of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases. It was suggested that the concentration of plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is better than the concentration of serum MMP-9 for prediction of evolution of GC. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical usefulness of plasma and serum tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) in the diagnosis and prognosis of GC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma and serum concentrations of TIMP-1, MMP-9 and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were assayed in 73 patients with GC and 61 healthy controls. The diagnostic criteria and prognostic value for the measurands were defined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma and serum TIMP-1, MMP-9 and CEA were significantly higher in GC patients compared with healthy controls. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) (0.961), diagnostic sensitivity (89%) and accuracy (91%) of plasma TIMP-1 were higher than those for MMP-9 and CEA. An increased pre-treatment concentration of plasma TIMP-1 was a significant independent prognostic factor for the survival of patients with GC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the plasma TIMP-1 is a better biomarker than the serum TIMP-1 and might be useful for the diagnosis of GC and prognosis of patient survival.
authors.affiliation: Deparment of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University, Białystok, Poland.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mroczko
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Groblewska
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Łukaszewicz-Zajac
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bandurski
authors.forename: Bogusław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kedra
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szmitkowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9