title: Chlorpyrifos and endosulfan affect buffalo oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development in vitro directly and through cumulus cells.
abstract: This study was undertaken to examine the effect of 10 different levels (0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.02, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 μg/mL) of two pesticides (chlorpyrifos and endosulfan) on buffalo oocyte viability, maturation, fertilization, and developmental competences in vitro. Studies were conducted to test the development of oocytes cultured with pesticides during maturation, fertilization, and during different embryo development stages. We also conducted experiments to test the hypotheses that the effects of these pesticides are hormones and somatic cells mediated. We observed a dose dependent decline in viability and developmental competence rates of oocytes. Chlorpyrifos and endosulfan had a negative impact on oocytes at 0.02 and 0.1 μg/mL levels, respectively. These pesticides reduced the oocyte nuclear maturation by a direct effect on oocytes, cumulus cell-mediated action, and by blocking the action of hormones. Chlorpyrifos was found to be more ovotoxic and embryotoxic than endosulfan. This study will provide information on dose-response relationship and risk assessment in domestic buffaloes.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, India. snandi71@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nandi
authors.forename: P S P
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Selvaraju
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ravindra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002020:Buffaloes / Q000196:embryology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D054885:Cumulus Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000633:toxicity*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D005306:Fertilization / Q000187:drug effects; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009866:Oogenesis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D004958:Estradiol; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D004726:Endosulfan