title: Dual renin-angiotensin system blockade in the ONTARGET study: clinically relevant risk for the kidney?
abstract: Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system contributes to reductions in proteinuria and in progression of chronic kidney disease. Indeed, monotherapy with either an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) has been shown to decrease proteinuria and slow the decline of chronic kidney disease, but incompletely. Therefore, there is increasing interest in whether combination strategies will provide more complete blockade of the renin-angiotensin system, which may translate into superior renoprotective and cardioprotective effects compared with either agent alone. There have been several reports on combination strategies. However, the recent report of the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial (ONTARGET) has received much of the attention. The renal outcomes in ONTARGET suggest that combined ACE inhibitor and ARB therapy contributes to a higher rate of adverse renal outcomes than monotherapy. Therefore, this review explores data from ONTARGET in relation to other available evidence on the use of combination therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Harry S Truman Veterans Administration Medical Center, 800 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. chaudharyk@health.missouri.edu
authors.forename: Kunal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nistala
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Whaley-Connell
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents