Polarization noise in a birefringent single-mode fiber link with imperfect joints.
Angular misalignment between the birefringent axes of two connecting fibers and coupling misalignment with respect to the birefringent axes of an input fiber give rise to polarization noise, resulting in a reduction of as much as 7 dB in signal-to-noise ratio. Standard deviations for fluctuations in the phase delay and the azimuth of the birefringent axes have been determined by comparing experimental data with numerical results assuming Gaussian statistics for the random variables.
Imai
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Ohtsuka
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