title: Polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in wild, farmed, and frozen marine seafood marketed in Campania, Italy.
abstract: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were detected in fresh-catch, farmed, and frozen marine fish marketed in Campania, Italy. Additionally, polychlorobiphenyl congeners were found: six were non-dioxin-like (NDL-PCB) (IUPAC no. 28, 52, 101, 138, 153, and 180), and one was dioxin-like (DL-PCB) (IUPAC no. 118). In all, 93% of fresh-catch, 100% of aquaculture, and 74% of the frozen specimens contained PCBs at concentrations varying from 0.12 to 35.11 ng/g, wet weight; NDL-PCBs ranged between 0.12 and 32.44 ng/g. Penta-, hexa-, and heptachlorobiphenyls were predominant. Regarding organochlorine pesticides, hexachlorobenzene was detected in 35% of fresh catch, 36% of farmed, and 46% of the frozen fish specimens, in a range between < 0.01 and 3.29 ng/g. Contents of the dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane isomer amounted to 0.12 to 11.00 ng/g. Finally, PAHs were detected in 100% of the specimens. Benzo[a]pyrene was detected in 66% of the aquaculture, 35% of the fresh catch, and 24% of the frozen species, at concentrations varying from 0.03 to 9.18 ng/g. On the basis of annual fish consumption, an average daily intake of NDL-PCBs of 6.02 ng/kg of body weight was estimated. Calculated daily hexachlorobenzene and total dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane intakes were, respectively, 0.11 and 0.90 ng/kg of body weight per day. The contribution of fish to the daily consumption of the noncarcinogenic PAHs can be considered low; for benzo[a]pyrene, the estimated daily intake is considerably lower than the doses considered carcinogenic for experimental animals by the European Union Scientific Committee on Food.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. tcirillo@unina.it
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cirillo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Viscardi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fasano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amodio-Cocchieri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000378:metabolism; D017756:Aquaculture; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005628:Frozen Foods / Q000032:analysis; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D007558:Italy; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls