title: Metabonomics research of diabetic nephropathy and type 2 diabetes mellitus based on UPLC-oaTOF-MS system.
abstract: Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight (oaTOF) mass spectrometry has showed great potential in diabetes research. In this paper, a UPLC-oaTOF-MS system was employed to distinguish the global serum profiles of 8 diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients, 33 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 25 healthy volunteers, and tried to find potential biomarkers. The UPLC system produced information-rich chromatograms with typical measured peak widths of 4 s, generating peak capacities of 225 in 15 min. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) was used for group differentiation and marker selection. As shown in the scores plot, the distinct clustering between the patients and controls was observed, and DN and T2DM patients were also separated into two individual groups. Several compounds were tentatively identified based on accurate mass, isotopic pattern and MS/MS information. In addition, significant changes in the serum level of leucine, dihydrosphingosine and phytosphingosine were noted, indicating the perturbations of amino acid metabolism and phospholipid metabolism in diabetic diseases, which having implications in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China. jiezhang@dicp.ac.cn
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Wengui
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Xiuyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.forename: Benli
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007930:Leucine / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C012491:phytosphingosine; D007930:Leucine; D013110:Sphingosine; C005682:safingol