title: A survey of photopsias in self-reported retinitis pigmentosa: location of photopsias is related to disease severity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize photopsias or light shows in patients self-reporting retinitis pigmentosa and determine associations between their location and patient-reported visual function.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty-seven self-reported patients with retinitis pigmentosa with varying levels of vision completed an anonymous survey on an Internet web site.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and eighteen (93%) of the respondents reported photopsias. The majority (60%) who experience photopsias have them daily, 48% already had them before being diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa, and 69% report interference with vision. The proportions noting photopsias mostly peripherally versus centrally were 53% of those reading normal or small print versus 35% requiring magnification (odds ratio, 2.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-5.5; P = 0.05); 61% of current drivers versus 41% who stopped or never drove (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-6.7; P = 0.04); and 54% of individuals who easily navigate or have only minor difficulty in unfamiliar areas versus 29% of those with great difficulty or needing assistance with mobility (odds ratio, 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-6.7; P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contrary to common belief that photopsias are associated with end-stage retinal degeneration, they are also commonly reported in earlier stages. The location of photopsias appears to be related to residual photoreceptor function assessed by self-reported performance of daily activities. Clinicians and researchers should be aware of their frequent occurrence and offer reassurance to patients.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University, Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. abittne1@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Ava K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bittner
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diener-West
authors.forename: Gislin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dagnelie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012650:Self Disclosure; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014792:Visual Acuity