title: Emphysematous pyelonephritis with calculus: Management strategies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN) with calculus is well recognized but with very few reports on its treatment. Our aim is to elucidate our experience in its successful management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over four years, we diagnosed seven cases (eight renal units) of EPN, out of which two patients (three renal units) had EPN with urinary calculi. After the initial conservative management of EPN, the stones were tackled appropriately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EPN was initially managed effectively with antibiotics and supportive care. Once the patient was stable, the stones were cleared in a step-wise fashion. The associated postoperative complications were also tackled efficiently with preservation of renal function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In EPN with stones, nephrectomy is not the sole option available and they can be effectively managed with open / endoscopic measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India.
authors.forename: Tanmaya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.forename: Sreedhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomas