title: A simulation model for the prediction of tissue:plasma partition coefficients for drug residues in natural casings.
abstract: Tissue residues arise from the exposure of animals to undesirable substances in animal feed materials and drinking water and to the therapeutic or zootechnical use of veterinary medicinal products. In the framework of this study, an advanced toxicokinetic model was developed to predict the likelihood of residue disposition of licensed veterinary products in natural casings used as envelope for a variety of meat products, such as sausages. The model proved suitable for the calculation of drug concentrations in the muscles of pigs, cattle and sheep, the major species of which intestines are used. On the basis of drug concentrations in muscle tissue, the model allowed a prediction of intestinal concentrations and residues in the intestines that remained equal to or below the concentrations in muscle tissue, the major consumable product of slaughter animals. Subsequently, residues in intestines were found to be below the maximum residue limit value for muscle tissue when drugs were used according to prescribed procedures, including the application of appropriate withdrawal times. Considering the low consumption of natural casings (which represents only about 1-2% of the weight of a normal sausage), it was concluded that the exposure to drug residues from casings is negligible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Veterinary Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Aneliya Milanova
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Haritova
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fink-Gremmels
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D005506:Food Contamination; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis*; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D012756:Sheep; D013552:Swine; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D019155:Veterinary Drugs