title: Hepatitis B vaccination in HIV-infected adults: current evidence, recommendations and practical considerations.
abstract: Immunization with hepatitis B (HBV) vaccine is recommended for all HIV-infected individuals without immunity to HBV. This patient population, however, has relatively poor HBV vaccine responses. Factors associated with this impaired HBV vaccine response in HIV-infected individuals may include older age, uncontrolled HIV replication, and low nadir CD4 cell count. Postvaccination testing for HBV surface antibody is recommended and vaccine non-responders should undergo repeat immunization with a full series. The benefit of double dosage, the appropriate strategy for HIV-infected patients with isolated HBV core antibody and the timing and number of vaccinations in persons with advanced immunosuppression on highly active antiretroviral therapy remain controversial areas.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy & Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. hyangkim@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhanireddy
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Dellit
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Spach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines