title: Development and psychometric evaluation of the pain impact inventory.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically evaluate an instrument for measuring the impact of chronic pain on daily life.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised 384 respondents (aged between 18-102 years) who reported chronic pain. The instrument "Pain Impact Inventory" (PII) was evaluated in terms of face, content, construct and criterion validity, as well as two reliability measures. Reliability was measured by means of test-retest (with a 2-week interval) while Cronbach's alpha was used to measure internal consistency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the PII had acceptable validity and reliability. The PII contains 20 items and was found to have a nested design with five sub-scales (Physical impact, Psychological impact, Impact on social life, Social support, and Control) and two overarching dimensions ("Impact" and "Support").
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The initial tests showed that the PII seems to be a psychometrically sound instrument for measuring the impact of pain on daily life from a multidimensional perspective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Ulf.Jakobsson@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jakobsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult