title: K-ras status in squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCC): it's time for target-oriented treatment?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon disease comprising only 1-5% of all intestinal tumours. SCC is now considered the prototype for the successful application of conservative treatment as chemoradiation instead of aggressive surgery. The EGFR status and k-ras mutations in SCC of the anal canal has not been well investigated. The purpose of our evaluation was to give information about this issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 1999 to December 2008, 32 patients affected by SCC were treated in our institution with chemotherapy containing Fluoropyrimidine and platinum salt concomitant with pelvic radiotherapy. Immunohistochemistry for EGFR and k-ras mutation was retrospectively evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-six specimens were considered evaluable for biological objectives: K-ras mutation was performed in all cases, while EGFR in 12. In all cases of our series wild-type K-ras was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Such information is, in our knowledge, the Wrst reported in literature on this setting. This observation previously reported in other tumours has supported the effective use of EGFR-inhibitors in recurrent or metastatic disease. This observation could support the role of EGFR-inhibitors in the treatment of SCC.
authors.affiliation: Medical Care Unit, Department of Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy. maria.zampino@ieo.it
authors.forename: Maria Giulia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Zampino
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Magni
authors.forename: Angelica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sonzogni
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Renne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins