[Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: an entity to be remembered].
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is an unpredictable, potentially fatal drug reaction to aromatic anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbital. The hallmark features include fever, eosinophilia, rash and involvement of one or more internal organs. Clearly established diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines are lacking. A high index of suspicion is required to identify this syndrome, allowing early withdrawal of the drug and avoiding re-exposure. We report an illustrative case of anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome and review the published literature.
Crespo Pérez
Laura
L
Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain. lcreper@yahoo.es
Moreira Vicente
Víctor
V
Cano Ruiz
Ana
A
Gobernado Serrano
José María
JM
Cobo Ibañez
Natalia
N
Milicua Salamero
José María
JM
D000293:Adolescent; D000588:Amines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000743:Anemia, Hemolytic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D017029:Epilepsy, Complex Partial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D000077206:Gabapentin; D005729:Ganglioneuroma / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D020534:Parahippocampal Gyrus / Q000601:surgery; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016634:Radiosurgery; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000588:Amines; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D002220:Carbamazepine; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D010672:Phenytoin; D000077206:Gabapentin