title: Pretransplant detection of anti-endothelial cell antibodies could predict renal allograft outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endothelial cells that line the vasculature are targets for immune-mediated assault through anti-endothelial cell antibodies. The aim of this work was to detect anti-endothelial cell antibodies and describe the association with kidney allograft rejection and graft survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 60 patients who had undergone live-donor kidney transplant. Inclusion criteria included first kidney transplant, panel reactive antibody titer less than 5%, cause of end-stage renal disease not including vasculitis or systemic lupus erythematosus, and age > 18 years. Patients were classified into 2 groups: 40 patients with anti-endothelial cell antibodies (referred to as the positive group) and 20 patients without anti-endothelial cell antibodies (referred to as the negative group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum creatinine level was higher in the positive group at 1 month and 1 year (P = .04). The occurrence of acute rejection was not significantly different in the positive group (18 patients [45.0%]) compared with the negative group (5 patients [25.0%], P = .5). However, the number of acute rejection episodes was higher in the positive group (22 episodes) compared with the negative group (6 episodes, P = .04). In patients who experienced acute rejection, chronic nephropathy was more frequent in the positive group (6 of 18 patients, 33.3%) compared with the negative group (1 of 5 patients, 20.0%) (P = .03). One-year and 5-year graft survival was 91% and 79% in the positive group, and 100% and 91% in the negative group, respectively. The difference at 5 years was significant (P = .04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of anti-endothelial cell antibodies was associated with a higher number of acute rejection episodes and lower long-term graft survival in kidney transplants. It could be an informative test to identify patients at high risk for immunological graft loss.
authors.affiliation: Urology & Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Faculty of Science, Tanta University Egypt. amgadelagroudy@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Amani M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Rasha M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Badawi
authors.forename: Amgad E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: El-Agroudy
authors.forename: Merveet A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mansour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; C087589:anti-endothelial cell antibody; D003404:Creatinine