title: MicroRNAs miR-143 and miR-145 modulate cytoskeletal dynamics and responsiveness of smooth muscle cells to injury.
abstract: Vascular injury triggers dedifferentiation and cytoskeletal remodeling of smooth muscle cells (SMCs), culminating in vessel occlusion. Serum response factor (SRF) and its coactivator, myocardin, play a central role in the control of smooth muscle phenotypes by regulating the expression of cytoskeletal genes. We show that SRF and myocardin regulate a cardiovascular-specific microRNA (miRNA) cluster encoding miR-143 and miR-145. To assess the functions of these miRNAs in vivo, we systematically deleted them singly and in combination in mice. Mice lacking both miR-143 and miR-145 are viable and do not display overt abnormalities in smooth muscle differentiation, although they show a significant reduction in blood pressure due to reduced vascular tone. Remarkably, however, neointima formation in response to vascular injury is profoundly impeded in mice lacking these miRNAs, due to disarray of actin stress fibers and diminished migratory activity of SMCs. These abnormalities reflect the regulation of a cadre of modulators of SRF activity and actin dynamics by miR-143 and miR-145. Thus, miR-143 and miR-145 act as integral components of the regulatory network whereby SRF controls cytoskeletal remodeling and phenotypic switching of SMCs during vascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Small
authors.forename: Lillian B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Sutherland
authors.forename: Xiaoxia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McAnally
authors.forename: Craig F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Plato
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Rhonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bassel-Duby
authors.forename: Eric N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Olson
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D000099251:Myocardin
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000099251:Myocardin; C543499:MIRN145a microRNA, mouse; C532884:MIRN143 microRNA, mouse; C511173:Mrtfa protein, mouse