title: Prospective randomized open-label multicenter phase I/II dose escalation trial of visilizumab (HuM291) in severe steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Visilizumab is a humanized IgG(2) monoclonal anti-CD3 antibody. We evaluated its safety and dose response in severe intravenous steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC).
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 104 patients were treated. In Stage I, 73 patients were randomly assigned to receive intravenous visilizumab 5, 7.5, 10, or 12.5 microg/kg/day for 2 consecutive days. In Stage II, 33 patients received visilizumab at the optimal clinical dose (OCD) of 5 microg/kg/day for 2 days. Symptomatic response and remission were defined by the modified Truelove-Witts severity index. Clinical response and remission were defined by the Mayo score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rates of symptomatic response at day 15 in the 5, 7.5, 10, or 12.5 microg/kg dose groups were 71%, 70%, 50%, and 61%, respectively, in Stage I and in 54% in Stage II. The symptomatic remission rates were 35%, 5%, 22%, and 11% in Stage I and 18% in Stage II. The rates of clinical response at day 30 in the 5, 7.5, 10, or 12.5 microg/kg dose groups were 71%, 65%, 50%, and 67%, respectively, in Stage I and 55% in Stage II. The clinical remission rates were 6%, 5%, 0%, and 11% in Stage I and 6% in Stage II. All patients experienced adverse events. Serious adverse events included abdominal abscess, cytomegalovirus infection, atrial fibrillation, herpes zoster, and esophageal candidiasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with visilizumab induced symptomatic response and clinical response. Results with 5 microg/kg/day were similar to those observed with higher doses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Charité Medical School of the Humboldt-University of Berlin, Germany. daniel.baumgart@charite.de
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Baumgart
authors.forename: Stephan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Targan
authors.forename: Axel U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Dignass
authors.forename: Lloyd
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Assche
authors.forename: Daan W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hommes
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hanauer
authors.forename: Uma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mahadevan
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Reinisch
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Plevy
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Salzberg
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Buchman
authors.forename: Grigor M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mechkov
authors.forename: Zahariy A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Krastev
authors.forename: James N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Lowder
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Frankel
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sandborn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D017252:CD3 Complex; C456519:visilizumab