title: R-appliance: a different design in functional therapy in Class II Division I malocclusion.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a differently designed functional appliance (R-appliance) with control group in Class II Division I (Cl II Div I) cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  18 girls treated with R-Appliance were selected as the experimental group. The control group consisted of 20 untreated girls. All of the patients had Cl II Div I malocclusion due to mandibular deficiency. Lateral cephalograms were analyzed at the beginning (T'1, T'2) and end of the study (T'1, T2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increase of IMPA and reduction of SNA are two prevalent side effects of most functional appliances; however, results of this study showed SNA and IMPA had no significant changes in experimental group in comparison with the control group.
authors.affiliation: Islamic Azad University, Tehran. info@jamilian.net
authors.forename: Abdolreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jamilian
authors.forename: Rahman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Showkatbakhsh
authors.forename: Zinat
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kamali
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008311:Malocclusion, Angle Class I / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000254:growth & development; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D009972:Orthodontics, Interceptive / Q000295:instrumentation*