title: Stonins--specialized adaptors for synaptic vesicle recycling and beyond?
abstract: Stonins are a small family of evolutionarily conserved clathrin adaptor complex AP-2mu-related factors that may act as cargo-specific sorting adaptors in endocytosis and perhaps beyond. Whereas little is known about the localization and function of stonin 1, recent work suggests that stonin 2 serves as a linker between the endocytic proteins AP-2 and Eps15 and the calcium-sensing synaptic vesicle (SV) protein synaptotagmin 1. The molecular determinants involved in the recognition of SV cargo by the mu-homology domain of stonin 2 are evolutionarily conserved from worm to man, thereby identifying stonin 2 and its invertebrate homologs uncoordinated (UNC)-41 and stoned B as endocytic adaptors dedicated to the retrieval of surface-stranded SV proteins, most notably synaptotagmin. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about mammalian stonins with a special focus on the role of stonin 2 in SV recycling at presynaptic nerve terminals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Freie Universität & Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Tanja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maritzen
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Podufall
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Haucke
mesh_terms: D033983:Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; D000818:Animals; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D040681:Structural Homology, Protein; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D050863:Synaptotagmin I / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D033983:Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits; D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; C429267:STON2 protein, human; D050863:Synaptotagmin I; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins