title: Imaging myocardial angiogenesis.
abstract: Imaging myocardial angiogenesis presents a major technical challenge because the ideal spatial resolution required is substantially higher than that available with standard X-ray angiography and nuclear medicine imaging. Moreover, these clinical imaging methods are currently inadequate (because of insufficient resolution) for clinical trials of angiogenic agents for the treatment of ischemic heart disease. Specialized techniques in MRI, ultrasonography, echocardiography and CT that are under development might provide improved means of imaging myocardial angiogenesis. Molecular imaging technologies are also being developed to improve resolution and to provide a better mechanistic insight into angiogenic therapies for ischemic heart diseases. This Review examines advanced methods for imaging angiogenesis. These technologies might soon permit data to be obtained directly from scientific studies and clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: The Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Joanna J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wykrzykowska
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lesser
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents