Identification of dairy fractions with anti-inflammatory properties in models of acute gout.
OBJECTIVE
Large epidemiological studies have shown that low-fat dairy intake reduces the risk of developing gout. It was hypothesised that factors within dairy fractions inhibit the inflammatory response to monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystals.


METHODS
Dairy fractions were tested in MSU crystal-stimulated THP-1 cell assays. Fractions with inhibitory effects were then tested in the murine urate peritonitis model.


RESULTS
Two dairy fractions were found to have consistent inhibitory effects. Glycomacropeptide (GMP) and G600 milk fat extract both inhibited interleukin-1beta (IL1beta) gene and protein expression in the THP-1 cell assay. Conversely, standard milk fat increased IL8 protein expression in the THP-1 cell assay. Oral administration of GMP and G600 milk fat extract inhibited cellular influx in the urate peritonitis model.


CONCLUSIONS
Both protein and lipid fractions within dairy products are capable of modulating the inflammatory response to MSU crystals.
Dalbeth
Nicola
N
Bone Research Group, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand. n.dalbeth@auckland.ac.nz
Gracey
Eric
E
Pool
Bregina
B
Callon
Karen
K
McQueen
Fiona M
FM
Cornish
Jillian
J
MacGibbon
Alastair
A
Palmano
Kate
K
D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003460:Crystallization; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000032:analysis*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006073:Gout / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002364:Caseins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C065989:caseinomacropeptide; D014527:Uric Acid