title: Radiation therapy for esophageal cancer in Japan: results of the Patterns of Care Study 1999-2001.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe patient characteristics and the process of radiotherapy (RT) for patients with esophageal cancer treated between 1999 and 2001 in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Japanese Patterns of Care Study (PCS) Working Group conducted a third nationwide survey of 76 institutions. Detailed information was accumulated on 621 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who received RT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age of patients was 68 years. Eighty-eight percent were male, and 12% were female. Ninety-nine percent had squamous cell carcinoma histology. Fifty-five percent had the main lesion in the middle thoracic esophagus. Fourteen percent had clinical Stage 0-I disease, 32% had Stage IIA-IIB, 43% had Stage III, and 10% had Stage IV disease. Chemotherapy was given to 63% of patients; 39% received definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) without surgery and 24% pre- or postoperative CRT. Sixty-two percent of the patients aged > or =75 years were treated with RT only. Median total dose of external RT was 60 Gy for definitive CRT patients, 60 Gy for RT alone, and 40 Gy for preoperative CRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This PCS describes general aspects of RT for esophageal cancer in Japan. Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for the majority of patients. The standard total external RT dose for esophageal cancer was higher in Japan than in the United States. Chemoradiotherapy had become common for esophageal cancer treatment, but patients aged > or =75 years were more likely to be treated by RT only.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation Oncology, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan. kenjom@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kenjo
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uno
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oguchi
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hodaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Numasaki
authors.forename: Teruki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teshima
authors.forename: Michihide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitsumori
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods