TGF-beta in dopamine neuron development, maintenance and neuroprotection.
ransforming growth factor betas (TGF-betas) are multifunctional cytokines with widespread distribution.In the nervous system the biological effects of TGF-beta cover regulation of proliferation, migration, differentiation, survival and death. Specifically, the effects of TGF-(3 on mesencephalic DAergic neurons extend from induction and specification of the dopaminergic phenotype via promotion of survival to neuroprotection in animal models of parkinsonism. Experimental in vitro and in vivo models have contributed to a better understanding of the putative mechanisms underlying the effects of TGF-beta on DAergic neurons and unravelled synergisms between members of the TGF-beta superfamily. In this chapter, we will review the literature available with focus on TGF-beta proper and glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF).
Roussa
Eleni
E
Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Embryology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
von Bohlen und Halbach
Oliver
O
Krieglstein
Kerstin
K
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D004298:Dopamine