title: PrP expression, PrPSc accumulation and innervation of splenic compartments in sheep experimentally infected with scrapie.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In prion disease, the peripheral expression of PrP(C) is necessary for the transfer of infectivity to the central nervous system. The spleen is involved in neuroinvasion and neural dissemination in prion diseases but the nature of this involvement is not known. The present study undertook the investigation of the spatial relationship between sites of PrP(Sc) accumulation, localisation of nerve fibres and PrP(C) expression in the tissue compartments of the spleen of scrapie-inoculated and control sheep.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Laser microdissection and quantitative PCR were used to determine PrP mRNA levels and results were compared with immunohistochemical protocols to distinguish PrP(C) and PrP(Sc) in tissue compartments of the spleen. In sheep experimentally infected with scrapie, the major sites of accumulation of PrP(Sc) in the spleen, namely the lymphoid nodules and the marginal zone, expressed low levels of PrP mRNA. Double immunohistochemical labelling for PrP(Sc) and the pan-nerve fibre marker, PGP, was used to evaluate the density of innervation of splenic tissue compartments and the intimacy of association between PrP(Sc) and nerves. Some nerve fibres were observed to accompany blood vessels into the PrP(Sc)-laden germinal centres. However, the close association between nerves and PrP(Sc) was most apparent in the marginal zone. Other sites of close association were adjacent to the wall of the central artery of PALS and the outer rim of germinal centres.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that the degree of PrP(Sc) accumulation does not depend on the expression level of PrP(C). Though several splenic compartments may contribute to neuroinvasion, the marginal zone may play a central role in being the compartment with most apparent association between nerves and PrP(Sc).
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Oslo, Norway. randi.sorby@veths.no
authors.forename: Randi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sørby
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Austbø
authors.forename: Charles McL
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Press
authors.forename: Grethe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Skretting
authors.forename: Thor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Landsverk
authors.forename: Arild
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espenes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018621:PrPC Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018620:PrPSc Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017096:Prion Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012608:Scrapie / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012756:Sheep; D013154:Spleen / Q000294:innervation* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018621:PrPC Proteins; D018620:PrPSc Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger