Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on apoptosis of human gastric epithelial cells exposed to silica-immobilized glucose oxidase.
Oxidative stress plays a critical role in apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells. Omega-3 fatty acids show anti-inflammatory and/or anticancer effects and regulate apoptosis in various cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether omega-3 fatty acids inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis of gastric epithelial cells. The cells received oxidative stress caused by silica-immobilized glucose oxidase acting on beta-D-glucose and cultured in the absence or presence of alpha-linolenic acid or docosahexanoic acid. Viable cell numbers, levels of H(2)O(2) in the medium, DNA fragmentation, and protein levels of p53 and Bax were determined. As a result, silica-immobilized glucose oxidase acting on beta-D-glucose consistently and reproducibly produced H(2)O(2), which decreased cell viability and increased DNA fragmentation of the cells. Omega-3 fatty acids inhibited oxidative stress-induced cell death, DNA fragmentation, and induction of p53 and Bax of the cells. The silica-immobilized glucose oxidase could be a useful tool for studies on oxidative stress-induced cellular events because it is reusable and forms a stable enzyme system acting on glucose. Omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial for preventing oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by inhibiting apoptotic gene expression and DNA fragmentation of gastric epithelial cells.
Yu
Ji Hoon
JH
Department of Food and Nutrition, Brain Korea 21 Project, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
Kang
Sin-Gun
SG
Jung
Un-Young
UY
Jun
Chul-Ho
CH
Kim
Hyeyoung
H
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose