title: Web interface-supported transmission risk assessment and cost-effectiveness analysis of postdonation screening: a global model applied to Ghana, Thailand, and the Netherlands.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of our research was to actively involve decision makers in the economic assessment of screening strategies in their region. This study attempted to accomplish this by providing an easy-to-use Web interface at http://www.bloodsafety.info that allows decision makers to adapt this model to local conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cost-effectiveness was compared of 1) adding antigen screening to antibody screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); 2) adding nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) on hepatitis B virus (HBV), HCV, and HIV in minipool (pool of 6 [MP6] and 24 [MP24]) to antibody screening and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening; and 3) individual-donation NAT on HBV, HCV, and HIV to antibody screening and HBsAg screening for Ghana, Thailand, and the Netherlands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combination of HCV antibody-antigen combination (combo) and HIV combo added to antibody screening in Ghana and Thailand was cost-effective according to the WHO criteria. MP24-NAT screening in Ghana was also cost-effective. MP24-NAT on HBV, HCV, and HIV was not cost-effective compared to the other screening strategies evaluated for the Netherlands. Large regional differences in cost-effectiveness were found for Thailand.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The young transfusion recipient population of Ghana in combination with a high risk of viral transmission yields better cost-effectiveness for additional tests. The advanced age of the transfused population of the Netherlands and a small risk of viral transmission gives poor cost-effectiveness for more sensitive screening techniques. It was demonstrated that a global health economic model combined with a Web interface can provide easy access to risk assessment and cost-effectiveness analysis.
authors.affiliation: Unit of PharmacoEpidemiology and PharmacoEconomics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. m.van.hulst@rug.nl
authors.forename: Marinus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Hulst
authors.forename: Gijs A A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hubben
authors.forename: Kwamena W C
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Sagoe
authors.forename: Charupon
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Promwong
authors.forename: Parichart
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Permpikul
authors.forename: Ladda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fongsatitkul
authors.forename: Diarmuid M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Glynn
authors.forename: Cees T Smit
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Sibinga
authors.forename: Maarten J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Postma
mesh_terms: D001771:Blood Banks / Q000191:economics*; D001782:Blood Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005869:Ghana / Q000453:epidemiology; D014943:Global Health; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D017059:Models, Econometric; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D000094902:Blood Banking / Q000379:methods