title: Association of Ureaplasma urealyticum infection with varicocele-related infertility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of seminal colonization of Ureaplasma urealyticum in varicocele-related infertility was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semen samples were obtained from infertile patients with or without varicocele and healthy controls and were subjected to routine semen analysis and PCR. DNA was extracted by Cadieux method and analyzed by PCR protocol with species-specific primers for U. urealyticum (urease gene).
  
  
  RESULTS
  U. urealyticum was detected by PCR in 23 of 146 (15.75%) semen specimens from infertile patients and in 3 of 100(3%) healthy men (P<0.001). Infertile patients with varicocele had higher U. urealyticum colonization [17/81(20.98%)] than those without varicocele [6/65(9.23%), P=0.086] or healthy controls [3/100 (3%), P<0.001].The percentage of sperm cells with motility, volume of semen fluid, concentration of sperm cells, and sperm cell with normal morphology were significantly decreased in infertile men (P<0.001). In the group of varicocele patients with PCR positive for U. urealyticum the volume, count and morphology of semen samples were lower than those in the varicocele patients with PCR negative results, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the colonization of U. urealyticum does not affect the semen quality, the high prevalence of this microorganism in varicocele patients may be an additional negative factor affecting varicocele status and worsening reproductive potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran. najarp_s@modares.ac.ir
authors.forename: Shahin Najar
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Peerayeh
authors.forename: Reza Salman
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Yazdi
authors.forename: Habib
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zeighami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012661:Semen / Q000382:microbiology*; D016869:Ureaplasma Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016990:Ureaplasma urealyticum / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014646:Varicocele / Q000382:microbiology*; D055815:Young Adult