title: Antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of Diospyros lotus L. extract and isolated compounds.
abstract: The object of the study was to determine the chemical composition of Diospyros lotus L. extract and their antioxidant and antiproliferative properties. Eight compounds were isolated from D. lotus and identified as gallic acid, methylgallate, ellagic acid, kaempferol, quercetin,myricetin, myricetin 3-O-beta-glucuronide, and myricetin-3-O-alpha-rhamnoside. D. lotus extract tested in different in vitro systems (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and Fe2+ chelating activity assay) showed significant antioxidant activity. The potential antiproliferative properties of D. lotus extract and isolated compounds against nine human cancer cell lines such as COR-L23, CaCo-2, C32, ACHN, A375, A549, Huh-7D12, MCF-7, and LNCaP were investigated in vitro by SRB assay. D. lotus extract demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity against COR-L23 with an IC50 value of 12.2 microg/ml. Among identified hydrolysable tannins, ellagic acid evidenced strong antiproliferative activity against both C32 and A375 cells with IC50 values of 0.8 and 4.1 microg/ml, respectively. Interesting results were observed, also, with gallic acid that showed the highest cytotoxic activity against CaCo-2 (IC(50) 2.6 microg/ml). Overall, the results of this study suggest that D. lotus displays a good antioxidant activity and has antiproliferative effects. Both activities are related to identified phenolic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy. mr.loizzo@unical.it
authors.forename: Monica Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Loizzo
authors.forename: Ataa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Said
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tundis
authors.forename: Usama W
authors.initials: UW
authors.lastname: Hawas
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rashed
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menichini
authors.forename: Natale Giuseppe
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Frega
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menichini
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D029788:Diospyros / Q000737:chemistry*; D004610:Ellagic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010636:Phenols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D004610:Ellagic Acid; D005707:Gallic Acid